we

alternative form of w, used mostly before words that begin with consonant clusters


u

denotes approximate location; by, at; with

denotes a part belonging to a larger whole; of


w

denotes inessive position; in, at, on [with locative]

denotes illative movement; into, in, to [with accusative]

denotes a position or post, or a position in a social hierarchy; in [with locative]

used in some noun constructions to denote "in the pattern of" decorated with [with accusative]

denotes worn item; dressed in [with locative]

denotes length of time; within, in the space of, in [with accusative]

denotes position in time; in, on [with locative]

denotes an amount or number; in, as, in a group of [with accusative]


z

ze (alternative)
ś (alternative)
zy (alternative)
s (alternative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź
Proto-Slavic *jьz
Old Polish z
Silesian z
Inherited from Old Polish z (“from”).

etymon

denotes a point in space or time from which movement or an action starts; from

denotes a material from which something is made; from, out of, made of


z

ze (alternative)
zy (alternative)
s (alternative)
ś (alternative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *sъ(n)
Old Polish z
Silesian z
Inherited from Old Polish z (“with”).

denotes that something is a component; with

denotes that something is the contents of a container; with

denotes comitative or sociative relation; with, alongside

denotes conditions or environment in which something occurs; with


Inherited from Old Polish na, from Proto-Slavic *na.

denotes superessive position; on [with locative]

denotes inessive position of some countries and regions; in, [with locative]

denotes location with events; at [with locative]

denotes sublative movement; onto [with accusative]

denotes measurement; by [with accusative]

denotes aim of an action; for [with accusative]

denotes color of painted object [with adverb]


co

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kʷísder.
Proto-Slavic *česo
Old Polish czso
Silesian co
Inherited from Old Polish czso.


po

Etymology tree
Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa
Proto-Slavic *po
Old Polish po
Silesian po
Inherited from Old Polish po.

denotes general location about, around; along [with locative]

denotes point in space on [with locative]

dith certain verbs of speaking; denotes recipient of a message. [with locative]

denotes maximum amount; up to [with accusative or locative]

dreates an adverb from an adjective. [with dative] (archaic dative ending in -u)

denotes aim of an action; for [with locative]

for indicates that a container was previously used for something [with locative]

denotes characteristic by which one might recognize something; from [with locative]

denotes absence of something or something; after [with accusative]


pod

denotes location; under, underneath [with instrumental]

denotes movement; to under, to underneath [with accusative]

denotes near location; near; under, at [with instrumental]

denotes movement; to; toward [with accusative]

pod tytułym

denotes name of object; under [with instrumental]

denotes consequences of unfulfilled obligation under, on pain of [with instrumental]


za

Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *za
Old Polish za
Silesian za
Inherited from Old Polish za.

denotes location; behind [with instrumental]

denotes movement; behind, beyond [with instrumental]

denotes period; in, during [with genitive]

denotes object of emotions; for [with instrumental]

denotes object of exchange; for [with accusative]

denotes source or cause; for [with genitive]

denotes desired object; for [with accusative]

dziyń za dniym

with repeated nouns; denotes time after [with instrumental]

denotes location not within; outside [with instrumental]

with an ordinal number and rŏz for (the Xth time) [with instrumental]

used to denote elapsing time; in [with accusative]

denotes a trait; for, as [with accusative]


ku

used datively, used to indicate the target or recipient of an action; to


nad

Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *nadъ
Old Polish nad
Silesian nad
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nadъ.

denotes location; above, over [with instrumental]

denotes movement; to above, to over [with accusative]

denotes position close to water; by [with instrumental]

denotes movement close to water; to [with accusative]

denotes object of certain actions. [with instrumental]

denotes proximity of a time; around [with instrumental]

denotes object most affceted by something. [with accusative]

with a reduplicated noun, expresses superlative nature; of [with instrumental]


wy

alternative form of w, used mostly before words that begin with consonant clusters


jako

as (in the role of; by way of) [with nominative]


przez

Inherited from Old Polish przez. Sense 6 is a semantic loan from Polish przez.

sl

(proscribed) used in passive constructions; by


koło

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Slavic *kȍlo
Old Polish koło
Silesian koło
Inherited from Old Polish koło.


przed

Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *perdъ
Old Polish przed
Silesian przed
Inherited from Old Polish przed.

denotes location; before, in front of [with instrumental]

denotes movement; in front of [with accusative]

denotes time; before [with instrumental]

denotes witnesses to an action; in front of [with instrumental]

denotes how long ago something happened; ago [with instrumental]

used in government with some verbs to denote prevention; against, for [with instrumental]

before (under consideration, judgment, authority of) [with instrumental]


niż

Inherited from Old Polish niż. By surface analysis, univerbation of ni + ż(e).


przeciw

Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *protivъ
Old Polish przeciw
Silesian przeciw
Inherited from Old Polish przeciw.


według

według Ewangelii św, Mateusza, rozdział 5

2000, “Szczynść Boże szczynśliwym!”, in Marek Szołtysek, transl., Biblia Ślązoka, Rybnik, Poland: Śląskie ABC, page 68:

according to (in a manner conforming or corresponding to; in proportion to; in accordance with)

Uczyli nos tam roboty w łogrodku, warzynio, jak sie łobchodzić z bajtlami i inkszych – według nich – pożytecznych i bardzo potrzebnych modyj dziołsze rzeczy.

2019–2020, Waldemar Szymczyk, editor, Pōnbōczkowi Świyczka, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2022-11-12, page 44:

according to (based on what is said or stated by; on the authority of)


skuli

because of, due to, on account of [with genitive]


przeciwko

Inherited from Old Polish przeciwko. By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku.

surf

On niy jest przeciwko Niymcom, yno niy jest przeciw Korfantymu.

2016, Waldemar Szymczyk, editor, Bydzie lepij, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2022-11-12, page 70:


pojstrzōd

Nojwiynkszōm bōł prawie ôsobłoski krej, co sie ôstrŏ wciskŏ miyndzy Prudnik i Gubczyce ze sztyrnŏstōma gminami, a pojstrzōd nich miasteczkym Ôsobłoga – Hotzenplotz – Osoblaha.

2018 – 2021 April 15, Kamil Czaiński, “Stracōne ślōnske miasta: Ôsobłoga”, in Wachtyrz.eu, Kotórz Mały, Poland: Silesia Progress:


ôkrōm

Ôkrōm wyścigōw idzie tyż grać we prōby czasowe, fuzbal, szukać kroszōnek i inksze.

2018 – 2020 November 19, Grzegorz Kulik, “Nowo gra po naszymu”, in Wachtyrz.eu, Kotórz Mały, Poland: Silesia Progress:


miyndzy

Inherited from Old Polish miedzy. The -n- was added later due to the preceding m-.

Poleku ôświecŏ sie lampa. Rajn na binie sōm Minister i Sekrytŏrka z aktyntaszōm, miyndzy niymi stoji stary telewizōr.

2019–2020, Waldemar Szymczyk, editor, Pōnbōczkowi Świyczka, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2022-11-12, page 269:


przi

denotes approximate location; by, at, next to


skirz

because of, due to, owing to [with genitive]


ôd

indicates moment of origin in time; from, since, for

indicates source or cause; from, because of

indicates origin of movement; from, away

used as a preposition for the passive voice; by

indicates separation, distance, loss of contact; from, away


ôkoło

Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *o(b)
Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Slavic *kolo
Proto-Slavic *okolo
Old Polish około
Silesian ôkoło
Inherited from Old Polish około.

etymon

denotes inexactitude of location; near, about, around [with genitive]

denotes inexactitude of time; near, about, around, circa [with genitive]


skyrs

A możne to je tak, że tustelocy po tej nasze strónie Olzy sóm nieprzemakalni i skyrs tego mogóm dycki całymi godzinami stoć na deszczu.

2021 May 29, FJD, “CO TYDZIYŃ PO NASZYMU: Jak padze to przidajny je dycki paryzol”, in Gazetacodzienna, Cieszyn, retrieved 2025-03-06:

Or maybe it's that the locals on our side of Olza are waterproof and because of that they can always stand in the rain for hours.