-ist

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a follower or a profession. Chiefly used for loanwords.


-or

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession or a performer, used chiefly for words of Latin origin.


-a

Suffix appended to words (usually verbal stems) to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a relation or to form a proper noun.


-a

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-a, from Proto-Indo-European *-ōd, the thematic ablative ending.

Forms the genitive singular of masculine and neuter nouns and indefinite adjectives.


-ka

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name.


-ni

kȕća + -ni → kȕćnī

added to nouns to form a relational adjective


-an

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a (often negative) feature or endearment.


-an

jad(iti) + -an → jadan (“miserable”)

Suffix appended to words to create an adjective.


-ar

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, a person who does something, or an animal who does something.


-ko

dar + -ko → Darko

Jano + -ko → Janko

debeo + -ko → debeljko (“fatty (meant as an insult)”)

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, most likely to make diminutive. Usually used to make names, or nicknames denoting a negative feature.


-ja

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer or a feature, usually negative.


-o

primjeran + -o → primjerno

naporan + -o → naporno

budan + -o → budno


-e

-е (Cyrillic)
-e (nominative singular)
-eta (nominative plural)
-ta (genitive singular)
-etā (genitive plural)
-etu (dative singular)
-etima (dative plural)
-e (accusative singular)
-eta (accusative plural)
-e (singular vocative)
-eta (plural vocative)
-etu (locative singular)
-etima (locative plural)
-etom (instrumental singular)
-etima (instrumental plural)
-e (nominative singular)
-ad (nominative plural)
-ta (genitive singular)
-adi (genitive plural)
-etu (dative singular)
-adi (dative plural)
-e (accusative singular)
-ad (accusative plural)
-e (singular vocative)
-adi (plural vocative)
-etu (locative singular)
-adi (locative plural)
-etom (instrumental singular)
-ađu (instrumental plural)
-adi (instrumental plural)

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a young animal, plant, place name or is used as a collective noun.


-e

Katarína + -e → Káte

Màrija + -e → Máre

Jȕrāj + -e → Júre

Màtija + -e → Máte

Suffix appended to the truncated stem (up to the second syllable) of a proper name to create a masculine or feminine hypocoristic.


-e

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-e, from Proto-Indo-European *-e, not a desinence per se but a thematic vowel in e-grade.

vȗk + -e → vȗče (vocative singular)

Suffix appended to the nominal stem to create vocative singular. Used for masculine and neuter a-stems.


-ad

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a collective noun.


-ana

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a place where an action occurs, relatives or to form a proper name.


-ina

-ина (Cyrillic)
-ina (nominative singular)
-ine (nominative plural)
-ine (genitive singular)
-ina (genitive plural)
-ini (dative singular)
-inama (dative plural)
-inu (accusative singular)
-ine (accusative plural)
-ino (singular vocative)
-ine (plural vocative)
-ini (locative singular)
-inama (locative plural)
-inom (instrumental singular)
-inama (instrumental plural)

Suffix appended to words to create feminine nouns.

Suffix appended to words to create a possessive form of feminine nouns.

Suffix appended to noun roots to form an augmentative (the resulting noun is always feminine) frequently with pejorative or negative connotation.


-ac

-ац (Cyrillic)
-ec (alternative Kajkavian)

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, follower, age, proper name, feature, plant or animal.


-ance

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually to form a diminutive or as an expression of endearment, or to denote an object.


-ator

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession or a performer, used chiefly for words of Latin origin.


-ence

bȕre → burénce

dijéte → djeténce

jȁre → jarénce

kȕče → kučénce

pȉle → pilénce

prȃse → prasénce

ćȅbe → ćebénce

Suffix appended to neuter nouns to create another neuter noun, usually to form a diminutive or as an expression of endearment, or to denote an object.


-ota

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a quality.


-ov

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting an animal or to form a pejorative.

Suffix appended to words to create a possessive form of masculine nouns.


-ски

-скӣ (canonical)
-skī (romanization)
-ski (romanization)

From Proto-Slavic *-ьskъ, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.

мо̑ре + -ски → мо̀рскӣ

added to nouns to form a relational adjective


-ка

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name.


-je

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a young animal, plant, place name or is used as a collective noun.


-ski

mȏre + -ski → mòrskī


-ija

Ultimately from Latin -ia or Ancient Greek -ία (-ía), -εία (-eía); found only in words borrowed from other languages (compare German, French -ie).

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer or a feature, usually negative.


-ač

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer, tool or object.


-aj

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a result of an action or an object.


-ak

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a performer, feature, human relation, result of an action, object, diminutive or a proper name.


-ak

glad (“to smooth”) + -ak → gladak (“smooth”).

ljub (“to love”) + -ak → ljubak (“amiable”).

Proto-Slavic *plyti + -ak → plitak (“shallow”).

Suffix appended to the present stem of verbs to form an adjective denoting a feature or a dimension.


-anac

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting an inhabitant, feature or a human relation.


-anin

-анин (Cyrillic)
-janin (alternative)
-ljanin (alternative)

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting an inhabitant.


-janin

-јанин (Cyrillic)
-anin (alternative)
-ljanin (alternative)


-ičar

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, person who does something or an animal.


-aš

By hybridization of the inherited Proto-Slavic *-ašь (as in bogàtāš (“rich man”), from *bogatašь) and the borrowed Hungarian -ás (as in pȁprikāš, from paprikás).

nȁfta + -aš → nàftāš

lóva + -aš → lòvāš

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a person who does something, performer, age, athlete, or a follower.


-džija

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish ـجی (modern Turkish -ci/-çi) and the Serbo-Croatian suffix -ja.

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer or a feature, usually negative.


-ečak

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun in diminutive.


-eljak

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun in diminutive form.


-ešina

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun denoting a big or important person.


-ež

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun denoting an action, object or a tool.


-ič

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, used only for four nouns: branič, gonič, ribič and vodič.


-ić

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually to form a diminutive or to denote a family name.


-čić

Re-analysed from diminutives in -ić of nouns words ending in -k, -ac, -ač.


-ik

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer, place, object, tool or a feature.


-nik

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ, *-ьnikъ, itself originally by nominalization of adjectives in *-ьnъ with the suffix *-ikъ (whence -ik). The suffix originates from the Proto-Balto-Slavic period; compare with dialectal Lithuanian lauk-inykas (“peasant, farmer”) (from laũkas (“field”)) and Old Prussian lauk-inikis (“vassal”).

Suffix appended to nominal stems to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a professional, performer, adherent, place, object, tool or a feature.


-iša

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a feature or to form a proper name.


-lac

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer or a feature.


-lija

From Ottoman Turkish لو (-li, -lı, -lu, -lü) (Turkish -li, -lı, -lu, -lü).

Suffix appended to words to create a noun, usually denoting a feature, person doing something or to form a proper name.


-ajlija

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a feature, person doing something or to form a proper name.


-mjer

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually to denote a measurement.


-onja

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a corporal feature or animal's name.


-telj

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer of an action, or a human relation.


-ača

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a possession, performer, tool, place where action occurs or a plant.


-čad

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a collective noun.


-ljka

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a tool or enigmas.


-ancija

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually abstract noun or noun denoting lighthearted action.


-anija

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually with negative meaning implied.


-ara

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a performer, a woman with large body parts, or a shop or workshop.


-arija

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting actions or things without importance, or to form a pejorative.


-arina

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting salaries, taxes or fees.


-arna

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a shop.


-ava

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting the result of a verbal stem it's appended onto.


-ba

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting an action.


-ca

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a diminutive form expressing endearment.


-erina

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting an augmentative form with pejorative connotations.


-etina

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually denoting an augmentative form with pejorative connotations.


-ica

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, commonly used for forming diminutives.

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually a pejorative.


-čica

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, commonly used for forming diminutives, denoting a profession, human relations, term of endearment, document, paper, or to form a proper name.


-ika

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a plant.


-inka

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name.


-enina

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting an object or food.


-inja

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a profession, social status, kinship or to form a pejorative.


-lica

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a performer or a tool.


-nina

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun denoting a fee.


-ična

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting kinship.


-nja

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually deverbative abstract noun.

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine proper name, e.g. Milonja, Radonja, Strahinja, etc.


-oća

Appended to adjectives to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a feature or quality. Similar to -ost.


-ojka

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a complexion or a proper noun (with the exception of nouns devojka, djevojka, divojka, đevojka).


-ost

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ostь; compare Old Church Slavonic -ость (-ostĭ).

Appended to adjectives and verbs to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a feature or quality. Similar to -oća.


-otinja

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting spiritual and material features.


-ština

zbȋr + -ština → zbírština

némati + -ština → nemáština

nȅpodoban + -ština → nepodóbština

pȍtreba + -ština → potrépština

pȑljav + -ština → prljávština

Appended to noun and adjective roots to create an uncountable feminine noun.

Žìdov + -ština → židóvština

Làtīn + -ština → latínština

Talìjān + -ština → talijánština

kàjkavac + -ština → kajkávština

grȁđanin + -ština → građánština

Sàrajevo + -ština → sarajévština

Appended to ethnonyms, oikonyms and similar nouns to create an uncountable feminine noun denoting the language / dialect / vernacular and/or ways of said group.

Gròžnjān + -ština → Grožnjánština

Žmȋnj + -ština → Žmínjština

Làbīn + -ština → Labínština

Mȍtovūn + -ština → Motovúnština

Ròvīnj + -ština → Rovínjština

Ðȁkovo + -ština → Đakóvština

Appended to Istrian and some Slavonian placenames to create an uncountable feminine noun denoting the geographical microregion.


-ulja

vlȃs (“single hair”) + -ulja → vlàsulja (“wig”)

žáriti (“to emit heat”) + -ulja → žàrulja (“lightbulb”)

krȋv (“curved”) + -ulja → krìvulja (“curve”)

mȑk (“dark”) + -ulja → mr̀kulja (“dark-haired cow”)

páhati (“to flutter”) + -ulja → pàhulja (“snowflake”)

pòbjeći (“to run away”) + -ulja → pobjègulja (“runaway”)

pȑžiti (“to roast”) + -ulja → pr̀žulja (“roasting dish”)

ròsa (“dew”) + -ulja → ròsulja (“sundew”)

crijȇp (“roof tile”) + -ulja → crèpulja (“clay dish”)

čìtati (“to read”) + -ulja → čìtulja (“obituary”)

upìšati se (“to piss oneself”) + -ulja → upìšulja (mildly vulgar for “little girl”)

Bȃčkā (geographical region in Serbia) + -ulja → Bàčkulja (surname)

tŕkati (“to run”) + -ulja → Tr̀kulja (surname)

bȕkva (“beech”) + -ulja → Bùkulja (mountain in Serbia)

žȅga (“hotness”) + -ulja → Žègulja (place in Herzegovina)

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a pejorative for woman, animal, plant or object.


-ura

suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a pejorative


-urina

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a pejorative.


-urda

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a pejorative denoting a part of body.


-uša

djȅver → djevèruša

kȇr → kèruša

krùmpīr → krumpìruša

màhala → mahàluša

navláčiti → navlàkuša

namigívati → namìguša

naprèdnjāk → naprednjàkuša

plȃv → plàvuša

podrigívati → podrìguša

potr̀kati → potr̀kuša

sàčekati → sačèkuša

sȉkter → siktèruša

splàvār → splavàruša

spȍnzor → sponzòruša

toròkati → toròkuša

čegr̀tati → čegr̀tuša

Appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a pejorative.


-ašce

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually to form a diminutive or as an expression of endearment.


-ce

Appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually to form a diminutive or as an expression of endearment, or to denote an object.


-če

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a young child or a young animal.


-ište

-иште (Cyrillic)
-lište (alternative)
-išče (alternative Kajkavian)

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a place where an action occurs (noćište), and less commonly used to form augmentatives (ljudište).


-lište

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a place where an action occurs.


-ivo

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a material or an object.


-lo

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting senses or objects, used as a pejorative or as an abstract noun.

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or neuter noun, usually for forming diminutives, pejoratives, abstract nouns and for denoting a tool.


-ilo

-ило (Cyrillic)
-ilo (nominative singular)
-ila (nominative plural)
-ila (genitive singular)
-ila (genitive plural)
-ilu (dative singular)
-ilima (dative plural)
-ilo (accusative singular)
-ila (accusative plural)
-ilo (singular vocative)
-ila (plural vocative)
-ilu (locative singular)
-ilima (locative plural)
-ilom (instrumental singular)
-ilima (instrumental plural)


-nje

brati (“to pick”) → bran (passive participle) → branje (“(the act of) picking”)

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually an abstract verbal noun denoting a result of an action. Used for verbs with a passive participle ending in -n.

-će

for verbs with a passive participle ending in -t


-anje

trčati (“to run”) → trčanje (“(the act of) running”)

Suffix appended to verb roots to create a neuter verbal noun denoting an action or the result of an action. Analogous to English gerund suffix -ing.


-enje

let(j)eti (“to fly”) → letenje (“(the act of) flying”).


-stvo

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, quality or a state. Corresponding to English -hood or -ness.


-anstvo

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, quality or a state.


-eskara

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually a pejorative or augmentative.


-ušina

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually an augmentative.


-uljak

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually a diminutive.


-aći

kup (“to bath”) + -aći → kupaći (“bathing”).

crt (“to draw”) + -aći → crtaći (“drawing”).

spav (“to sleep”) + -aći → spavaći (“sleeping”).

jed (“to eat”) + -aći → jedaći (“eating”).

doma (“home”) + -aći → domaći (“homemade, domestic”).

Suffix appended to the present stem of verbs and sometimes nouns to create an adjective, usually pertaining to the action or object verb or noun were referring to.


-ok

dub (“to hollow”) + -ok → dubok (“deep”)

Suffix appended to the present stem of verbs to form an adjective denoting a feature or a dimension.


-ek

Proto-Slavic *dalь + -ek → dalek (“far”).

Suffix appended to the present stem of verbs or nouns to form an adjective denoting a feature or a dimension.


-ek

(Kajkavian) Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a performer, feature, human relation, result of an action, object, diminutive or a proper name.


-ик

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer, place, object, tool or a feature.


-ati

A suffix appended to words to form a verb.


-џија

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish ـجی (modern Turkish -ci/-çi) and the Serbo-Croatian suffix -ја.

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer or a feature, usually negative.


-at

From German -at, first from direct loanwords, and later becoming productive on its own.

adrèsa → adrèsāt

ȗnija → unìjat

Ȃzija → Azìjat

Mìja → Mìjat

delegácija → delègāt

kandidírati → kandìdāt

Used on nominal and verbal stems of loanwords, rarely of native words, to build nouns of various meanings.

dèkān → dekànāt

ekònom → ekonòmāt

kàlīf → kalìfāt

konzul → konzùlāt

màršāl → maršalat

pròtektor → protektòrāt

rȅktor → rektòrāt

dȍktor → doktòrāt

đȁkon → đakònāt

lȅktor → lektòrāt

pàtrōn → patrònāt

nàdbiskup → nadbiskùpāt

èpiskop → episkòpāt

làik → laìkāt

pàtrīcīj → patricìjāt

bikarbóna → bikarbònāt

jod → jòdāt

separirati → sepàrāt

citírati → cìtāt

diktírati → dìktāt

hìstōrija → historìjāt


-инка

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name.


-ост

Appended to adjectives and verbs to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a feature or quality. Similar to -оћа.


-ија

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer or a feature, usually negative.


-ца

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a diminutive form expressing endearment.


-ичар

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, person who does something or an animal.


-cija

-cije (plural)
-cija (nominative singular)
-cije (nominative plural)
-cije (genitive singular)
-cija (genitive plural)
-ciji (dative singular)
-cijama (dative plural)
-ciju (accusative singular)
-cije (accusative plural)
-cijo (singular vocative)
-cije (plural vocative)
-ciji (locative singular)
-cijama (locative plural)
-cijom (instrumental singular)
-cijama (instrumental plural)


-luk

divljaluk — divljanje

bezobràzluk — bezobràština, bezòbraznōst

(informal) Functions similarly to -anje, -enje, -ost and -ština.


-логија

-ло̀гија (canonical)
-lògija (romanization)

From Ancient Greek -λογία (-logía) or Latin -logia, from Ancient Greek λέγω (légō, “to speak”).


-ист

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a follower or a profession. Chiefly used for loanwords.


-ник

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-(ь)nikъ, itself originally by nominalization of adjectives in *-ьnъ with the suffix *-ikъ (whence -ик). The suffix originates from the Proto-Balto-Slavic period; compare with dialectal Lithuanian lauk-inykas (“peasant, farmer”) (from laũkas (“field”)) and Old Prussian lauk-inikis (“vassal”).

Suffix appended to nominal stems to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer, place, object, tool or a feature.


-ић

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually to form a diminutive or to denote a family name.


-oza

Derived from Ancient Greek -ωσις (-ōsis).

der+

agranulocit + -oza → agranulocitóza

forms feminine noun meaning -osis, diseasing suffix


-iv

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ivъ, from Proto-Slavic *-vъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-was, from Proto-Indo-European *-wós.

pobijed(iti) (“to win”) + -iv → pobjediv (“vincible, defeatable”)

Suffix appended to verb roots to create an adjective denoting the capability or suitability to have the corresponding action done to a subject; -able, -ible

milost (“mercy”) + -iv → milostiv (“merciful”)

pogriješ(iti) (“to err”) + -iv → pogrešiv (“fallible”)

Suffix appended to noun or verb roots to create an adjective denoting that the subject exhibits the corresponding quality or is capable of performing the corresponding action; -ous, -ive


-ојка

дјевојка дјевојка#Serbo-Croatian

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a complexion or a proper noun (with the exception of nouns девојка, дјевојка, дивојка, ђевојка).


-чица

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, commonly used for forming diminutives, denoting a profession, human relations, term of endearment, document, paper, or to form a proper name.


-ица

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, commonly used for forming diminutives.

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually a pejorative.


-а

Suffix appended to words (usually verbal stems) to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a relation or to form a proper noun.


-а

Forms the genitive singular of masculine and neuter nouns and indefinite adjectives.


-че

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a young child or a young animal.


-чад

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a collective noun.


-етина

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually denoting an augmentative form with pejorative connotations.


-ерина

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting an augmentative form with pejorative connotations.


-јак

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a performer, feature, human relation, result of an action, object, diminutive or a proper name.


-ак

глад (“to smooth”) + -ак → гладак (“smooth”).

љуб (“to love”) + -ак → љубак (“amiable”).

Proto-Slavic *plyti + -ак → плитак (“shallow”).

Suffix appended to the present stem of verbs to form an adjective denoting a feature or a dimension.


-ина

-ina (romanization)
-ина (nominative singular)
-ине (nominative plural)
-ине (genitive singular)
-ина (genitive plural)
-ини (dative singular)
-инама (dative plural)
-ину (accusative singular)
-ине (accusative plural)
-ино (singular vocative)
-ине (plural vocative)
-ини (locative singular)
-инама (locative plural)
-ином (instrumental singular)
-инама (instrumental plural)

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting salary, tax or fee.

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting an object or kind of meat

Suffix appended to noun roots to form an augmentative (the resulting noun is always feminine) frequently with pejorative connotation .


-арина

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting salaries, taxes or fees.


-енина

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting an object or food.


-ек

Proto-Slavic *dalь + -ек → далек (“far”).

Suffix appended to the present stem of verbs or nouns to form an adjective denoting a feature or a dimension.


-нина

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun denoting a fee.


-ljanin

-љанин (Cyrillic)
-anin (alternative)
-janin (alternative)

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting an inhabitant.


-анин

-anin (romanization)
-јанин (alternative)
-љанин (alternative)


-љанин

-ljanin (romanization)
-анин (alternative)
-јанин (alternative)


-јанин

-janin (romanization)
-анин (alternative)
-љанин (alternative)


-ити

A suffix appended to words to form a verb.


-це

Appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually to form a diminutive or as an expression of endearment, or to denote an object.


-е

-e (romanization)
-е (nominative singular)
-ета (nominative plural)
-та (genitive singular)
-ета̄ (genitive plural)
-ету (dative singular)
-етима (dative plural)
-е (accusative singular)
-ета (accusative plural)
-е (singular vocative)
-ета (plural vocative)
-ету (locative singular)
-етима (locative plural)
-етом (instrumental singular)
-етима (instrumental plural)
-е (nominative singular)
-ад (nominative plural)
-та (genitive singular)
-ади (genitive plural)
-ету (dative singular)
-ади (dative plural)
-е (accusative singular)
-ад (accusative plural)
-е (singular vocative)
-ади (plural vocative)
-ету (locative singular)
-ади (locative plural)
-етом (instrumental singular)
-ађу (instrumental plural)
-ади (instrumental plural)

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a young animal, plant, place name or is used as a collective noun.


-е

Катари́на + -е → Ка́те

Ма̀рија + -е → Ма́ре

Ју̏ра̄ј + -е → Ју́ре

Ма̀тија + -е → Ма́те

Suffix appended to the truncated stem (up to the second syllable) of a proper name to create a masculine or feminine hypocoristic.


-е

ву̑к + -е → ву̑че (vocative singular)

Suffix appended to the nominal stem to create vocative singular. Used for masculine and neuter a-stems.


-ељак

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun in diminutive form.


-еник

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer, place, object, tool or a feature.


-ењача

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a possession, performer, tool, place where action occurs or a plant.


-ескара

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually a pejorative or augmentative.


-ечак

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun in diminutive.


-ешина

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun denoting a big or important person.


-иљка

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a tool or enigmas.


-ика

бу́на (“rebellion”) + -ика → бу̀њика (“henbane”)

зѐлен (“green”) + -ика → зелѐника (“mock privet”)

ло̏во̄р (“laurel”) + -ика → лово̀рика (“laurel”)

па̏пар (“pepper”) + -ика → па̀прика (“bell pepper”)

Пе̏рун (“Perun”) + -ика → перу̀ника (“iris”)

ра̑сти (“to grow”) + -ика → ра̀штика (“collard”)

ро̀са (“dew”) + -ика → ро̀сика (“sundew”)

ста́бло (“tree trunk”) + -ика → ста̀бљика (“stalk”)

стр̑н (“stubble”) + -ика → стр̀њика (“stubble field”)

та̀мјан (“frankincense”) + -ика → тамја̀ника (“Tamjanika”)

ва̑рен (“boiled”) + -ика → варѐника (“boiled milk”)

сва̑ст (“sister-in-law”) + -ика → сва̀стика (“sister-in-law”)

dévér + -ика → девѐрика (“bream”)

Barbie + -ика → ба̀рбика

Volks(wagen) + -ика → фо̀лцика (“Beetle, Bug”)

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a plant.


-ко

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a negative feature.


-ор

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession or a performer, used chiefly for words of Latin origin.


-иња

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a profession, social status, kinship or to form a pejorative.


-иво

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a material or an object.


-ич

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, used only for four nouns: бранич, гонич, рибич and водич.


-ична

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting kinship.


-иша

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a feature or to form a proper name.


-јај

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a result of an action or an object.


-је

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a young animal, plant, place name or is used as a collective noun.


-лац

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer or a feature.


-лица

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a performer or a tool.


-лија

Suffix appended to words to create a noun, usually denoting a feature, person doing something or to form a proper name.


-мјер

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually to denote a measurement.


-ња

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually deverbative abstract noun.


-њава

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting the result of a verbal stem it's appended onto.


-ње

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually an abstract verbal noun denoting a result of an action.


-оња

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a corporal feature or animal's name.


-ота

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a quality.


-отиња

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting spiritual and material features.


-тељ

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer of an action, or a human relation.


-арна

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a shop.


-анија

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually with negative meaning implied.


-анција

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually abstract noun or noun denoting lighthearted action.


-еж

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun denoting an action, object or a tool.


-анац

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting an inhabitant, feature or a human relation.


-ушина

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually an augmentative.


-уша

де̏вер → девѐруша

ке̑р → кѐруша

кро̀мпӣр → кромпѝруша

ма̀хала → маха̀луша

навла́чити → навла̀куша

намиги́вати → намѝгуша

напрѐдња̄к → напредња̀куша

пла̑в → пла̀вуша

подриги́вати → подрѝгуша

потр̀кати → потр̀куша

са̀чекати → сачѐкуша

си̏ктер → сиктѐруша

спла̀ва̄р → сплава̀руша

спо̏нзор → спонзо̀руша

торо̀кати → торо̀куша

чегр̀тати → чегр̀туша

Appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a pejorative.


-урина

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a pejorative.


-урда

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a pejorative denoting a part of body.


-ура

suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a pejorative


-уљак

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or feminine noun, usually a diminutive.


-уља

вла̑с (“single hair”) + -уља → вла̀суља (“wig”)

жа́рити (“to emit heat”) + -уља → жа̀руља (“lightbulb”)

кри̑в (“curved”) + -уља → крѝвуља (“curve”)

мр̏к (“dark”) + -уља → мр̀куља (“dark-haired cow”)

па́хати (“to flutter”) + -уља → па̀хуља (“snowflake”)

по̀бећи (“to run away”) + -уља → побѐгуља (“runaway”)

пр̏жити (“to roast”) + -уља → пр̀жуља (“roasting dish”)

ро̀са (“dew”) + -уља → ро̀суља (“sundew”)

цре̑п (“roof tile”) + -уља → црѐпуља (“clay dish”)

чѝтати (“to read”) + -уља → чѝтуља (“obituary”)

упѝшати се (“to piss oneself”) + -уља → упѝшуља (mildly vulgar for “little girl”)

Ба̑чка̄ (geographical region in Serbia) + -уља → Ба̀чкуља (surname)

тр́кати (“to run”) + -уља → Тр̀куља (surname)

бу̏ква (“beech”) + -уља → Бу̀куља (mountain in Serbia)

же̏га (“hotness”) + -уља → Жѐгуља (place in Herzegovina)

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a pejorative for woman, animal, plant or object.


-овник

Compare Belarusian -аўні́к (-aŭník), Ukrainian -івни́к (-ivnýk).

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer, place, object, tool or a feature.


-ешце

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually to form a diminutive or as an expression of endearment.


-анце

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually to form a diminutive or as an expression of endearment, or to denote an object.


-ац

-ac (romanization)
-ec (alternative Kajkavian)

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, follower, age, proper name, feature, plant or animal.


-ај

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a result of an action or an object.


-ајлија

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a feature, person doing something or to form a proper name.


-аљка

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a tool or enigmas.


-ало

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting senses or objects, used as a pejorative or as an abstract noun.


-ан

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a (often negative) feature or endearment.


-ан

јад + -ан → јадан (“miserable”)

Suffix appended to words to create an adjective.


-ана

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a place where an action occurs, relatives or to form a proper name.


-анје

трчати (“to run”) → трчање (“(the act of) running”)

Suffix appended to verb roots to create a neuter verbal noun denoting an action or the result of an action. Analogous to English gerund suffix -ing.


-ара

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a performer, woman with big parts of body, shop or workshop.


-арија

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting actions or things without importance, or to form a pejorative.


-атор

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession or a performer, used chiefly for words of Latin origin.


-ава

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting the result of a verbal stem it's appended onto.


-аћи

куп (“to bath”) + -аћи → купаћи (“bathing”).

црт (“to draw”) + -аћи → цртаћи (“drawing”).

спав (“to sleep”) + -аћи → спаваћи (“sleeping”).

јед (“to eat”) + -аћи → једаћи (“eating”).

дома (“home”) + -аћи → домаћи (“homemade, domestic”).

Suffix appended to the present stem of verbs and sometimes nouns to create an adjective, usually pertaining to the action or object verb or noun were referring to.


-ач

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer, tool or object.


-ача

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a possession, performer, tool, place where action occurs or a plant.


-аш

By hybridization of the inherited Proto-Slavic *-ašь (as in бога̀та̄ш (“rich man”), from *bogatašь) and the borrowed Hungarian -ás (as in па̏прика̄ш, from paprikás).

на̏фта + -аш → на̀фта̄ш

ло́ва + -аш → ло̀ва̄ш

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a person who does something, performer, age, athlete, or a follower.


-ба

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting an action.


-енце

бу̏ре → буре́нце

де́те → дете́нце

ја̏ре → јаре́нце

ку̏че → куче́нце

пи̏ле → пиле́нце

пра̑се → прасе́нце

ће̏бе → ћебе́нце

Suffix appended to neuter nouns to create another neuter noun, usually to form a diminutive or as an expression of endearment, or to denote an object.


-ење

лет(ј)ети (“to fly”) → летење (“(the act of) flying”).


-евић

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually to form a diminutive or to denote a family name.


-ијевац

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, follower, age, proper name, feature, plant or animal.


-ило

-ilo (romanization)
-ило (nominative singular)
-ила (nominative plural)
-ила (genitive singular)
-ила (genitive plural)
-илу (dative singular)
-илима (dative plural)
-ило (accusative singular)
-ила (accusative plural)
-ило (singular vocative)
-ила (plural vocative)
-илу (locative singular)
-илима (locative plural)
-илом (instrumental singular)
-илима (instrumental plural)

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting senses or objects, used as a pejorative or as an abstract noun.


-иште

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a place where an action occurs.


-лук

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish ـلق (Turkish -luk).

дивљалук — дивљање

безобра̀злук — безобра̀штина, безо̀бразно̄ст

(informal) Functions similarly to -ање, -ење, -ост and -штина.


-ло

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine or neuter noun, usually for forming diminutives, pejoratives, abstract nouns and for denoting a tool.


-оћа

Appended to adjectives to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a feature or quality. Similar to -ост.


-чић

Re-analysed from diminutives in -ић of nouns words ending in -к, -ац, -ач.


-штина

зби̑р → зби́рштина

не́мати → нема́штина

не̏подобан → неподо́бштина

по̏треба → потре́пштина

пр̏љав → прља́вштина

Appended to noun and adjective roots to create an uncountable feminine noun.

Боса́нац → боса́нштина

Бу̏гарин → буга́рштина

Bùnjevac → буње́вштина

Во̀јвођанин → војвођа́нштина

Гр̏к → гр́штина

Далмати́нац → далмати́нштина

Жи̏дов → жидо́вштина

Ла̀тӣн → лати́нштина

Ма̀ђа̄р → мађа́рштина

Не́мац → не́мштина

Славо́нац → славо́нштина

Ср̏бин → ср́пштина

Талѝја̄н → талија́нштина

Хѐрцеговац → херцего́вштина

Хр̀ва̄т → хрва́штина

Црно̀горац → црного́рштина

ка̀јкавац → кајка́вштина

ча́кавац → чака́вштина

што́кавац → штока́вштина

гра̏ђанин → грађа́нштина

Appended to ethnonyms, oikonyms and similar nouns to create an uncountable feminine noun denoting the language / dialect / vernacular and/or ways of said group.

Гро̀жња̄н → Грожња́нштина

Жми̑њ → Жми́њштина

Ла̀бӣн → Лаби́нштина

Мо̏товӯн → Мотову́нштина

Ро̀вӣњ → Рови́њштина

Ђа̏ково → Ђако́вштина

Appended to Istrian and some Slavonian placenames to create an uncountable feminine noun denoting the geographical microregion.


-čuga

-чуга (Cyrillic)
-čuga (nominative singular)
-čuge (nominative plural)
-čuge (genitive singular)
-čuga (genitive plural)
-čugi (genitive plural)
-čugi (dative singular)
-čugama (dative plural)
-čugu (accusative singular)
-čuge (accusative plural)
-čugo (singular vocative)
-čuge (plural vocative)
-čugi (locative singular)
-čugama (locative plural)
-čugom (instrumental singular)
-čugama (instrumental plural)

First attested in the late 1970s. According to Babić, it has spread from the word cr̀nčuga (“nigger”) (originally formed as crnc- + -juga), which was reanalyzed by native speakers as if being composed of cȓn (“black”) + -čuga. The word cr̀nčuga was the most common pejorative in subtitled American films and television as shown on Yugoslav television stations, acting as a calque for the English word nigger.

kȁmēn → kamenčuga

cȓn → cr̀nčuga

pȋvo → pivčuga

film → filmčuga

unproductive suffix appended to nominal stems to a create a noun, usually an augmentative with pejorative connotations.


-чуга

-čuga (romanization)
-чуга (nominative singular)
-чуге (nominative plural)
-чуге (genitive singular)
-чуга (genitive plural)
-чуги (genitive plural)
-чуги (dative singular)
-чугама (dative plural)
-чугу (accusative singular)
-чуге (accusative plural)
-чуго (singular vocative)
-чуге (plural vocative)
-чуги (locative singular)
-чугама (locative plural)
-чугом (instrumental singular)
-чугама (instrumental plural)

First attested in the late 1970s. According to Babić, it has spread from the word цр̀нчуга (“nigger”) (originally formed as црнц- + -југа), which was reanalyzed by native speakers as if being composed of цр̑н (“black”) + -чуга. The word цр̀нчуга was the most common pejorative in subtitled American movies shown on television, acting as a translation for the English word nigger. From there, the suffix has spread forming other words, built on a similar pattern, and with similar pejorative connotations.

ка̏ме̄н → каменчуга

цр̑н → цр̀нчуга

пи̑во → пивчуга

Suffix appended to nominal stems to a create a noun, usually an augmentative with pejorative connotations.


-kati

kucati → kuckati

Suffix that turns verbs into diminutives.


-ат

адрѐса → адрѐса̄т

у̑нија → унѝјат

А̑зија → Азѝјат

Мѝја → Мѝјат

делега́ција → делѐга̄т

кандиди́рати → кандѝда̄т

Used on nominal and verbal stems of loanwords, rarely of native words, to build nouns of various meanings.

дѐка̄н → дека̀на̄т

еко̀ном → еконо̀ма̄т

ка̀лӣф → калѝфа̄т

конзул → конзу̀ла̄т

ма̀рша̄л → маршалат

про̀тектор → протекто̀ра̄т

ре̏ктор → ректо̀ра̄т

до̏ктор → докто̀ра̄т

ђа̏кон → ђако̀на̄т

ле̏ктор → лекто̀ра̄т

па̀тро̄н → патро̀на̄т

на̀дбискуп → надбиску̀па̄т

ѐпископ → еписко̀па̄т

ла̀ик → лаѝка̄т

па̀трӣцӣј → патрицѝја̄т

бикарбо́на → бикарбо̀на̄т

јод → јо̀да̄т

сепарирати → сепа̀ра̄т

цити́рати → цѝта̄т

дикти́рати → дѝкта̄т

хѝсто̄рија → хисторѝја̄т


-išče

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a place where an action occurs, and less commonly used to form augmentatives.


-ати

A suffix appended to words to form a verb.


-irati

-ирати (Cyrillic)
-irati (infinitive)
-írajūći
-írānje (noun-from-verb)
-iram (present singular)
-iraš (present singular)
-ira (present singular third-person)
-iramo (plural present)
-irate (plural present)
-iraju (plural present third-person)
-irat ću (future future-i singular)
-iraću (future future-i singular)
-irat ćeš (future future-i singular)
-iraćeš (future future-i singular)
-irat će (future future-i singular third-person)
-iraće (future future-i singular third-person)
-irat ćemo (future future-i plural)
-iraćemo (future future-i plural)
-irat ćete (future future-i plural)
-iraćete (future future-i plural)
-irat ćē (future future-i plural third-person)
-iraće (future future-i plural third-person)
bȕdēm -irao (future future-ii singular)
bȕdēš -irao (future future-ii singular)
bȕdē -irao (future future-ii singular third-person)
bȕdēmo -irali (future future-ii plural)
bȕdēte -irali (future future-ii plural)
bȕdū -irali (future future-ii plural third-person)
-irao sam (past perfect singular)
-irao si (past perfect singular)
-irao je (past perfect singular third-person)
-irali smo (past perfect plural)
-irali ste (past perfect plural)
-irali su (past perfect plural third-person)
bȉo sam -irao (past pluperfect singular)
bȉo si -irao (past pluperfect singular)
bȉo je -irao (past pluperfect singular third-person)
bíli smo -irali (past pluperfect plural)
bíli ste -irali (past pluperfect plural)
bíli su -irali (past pluperfect plural third-person)
-irah (imperfect past singular)
-iraše (imperfect past singular)
-iraše (imperfect past singular third-person)
-irasmo (imperfect past plural)
-iraste (imperfect past plural)
-irahu (imperfect past plural third-person)
-irao bih (conditional conditional-i singular)
-irao bi (conditional conditional-i singular)
-irao bi (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
-irali bismo (conditional conditional-i plural)
-irali biste (conditional conditional-i plural)
-irali bi (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
bȉo bih -irao (conditional conditional-ii singular)
bȉo bi -irao (conditional conditional-ii singular)
bȉo bi -irao (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
bíli bismo -irali (conditional conditional-ii plural)
bíli biste -irali (conditional conditional-ii plural)
bíli bi -irali (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
-iraj (imperative singular)
-irajmo (imperative plural)
-irajte (imperative plural)
-irao m (singular third-person)
-irala f (singular third-person)
-iralo n (singular third-person)
-irali m (plural third-person)
-irale f (plural third-person)
-irala n (plural third-person)

From German -ieren with the infinitive ending -en replaced with native -ati. The German suffix is from Middle High German -ieren, from Old French -ier, from Latin -āre.

A suffix appended to words, primarily loanwords, to form verbs.


-ирати

From the French infinitive suffixes -er, -ir with the native suffix -ati, borrowed via German -ieren, which was formed similarly.


-ivati

A suffix forming imperfective verbs from perfective verbs.


-izirati

From German -isieren, which ultimately comes from French -iser.


-кати

куцати → куцкати


-ji

bȏg + -ji → bȍžjī

added to nouns to form a relational adjective


-arica

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a profession


-cikl

From Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos, “circle”).


-aja

Suffix appended to nouns, adjectives or verbs to create a feminine noun.


-ји

бо̑г + -ји → бо̏жјӣ


-iš

kȗrva (“whore”) + -iš → kùrvīš (“fuckboy”; Croatian, vulgar, colloquial)

matemàtika (“mathematics”) + -iš → màtiš (“maths”; Serbian, colloquial)

sentimȅnt (“sentiment”) + -iš → sèntīš (“slow-dance song”)

sìtan (“tiny”) + -iš → sìtnīš (“coins”)

slȁdak (“sweet”) + -iš → slàtkīš (“sweet”)

Kalemègdān + -iš → Kàliš (fortress in Belgrade, Serbia)

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually a colloquial one.


-jar

Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, a person who does something, or an animal who does something.


-ни

ку̏ћа + -ни → ку̏ћнӣ


-nuti

gurati + -nuti → gurnuti


-će

puknuti (“to crack”) → puknut (passive participle) → puknuće (“(the act of) cracking”)

Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually an abstract verbal noun denoting a result of an action. Used for verbs with a passive participle ending in -t.

-nje

for verbs with a passive participle ending in -n