cat

head

cat m (genitive singular cait, plural cait)

cait (genitive singular)
cait (plural)
cat (indefinite nominative singular)
cait (indefinite nominative plural)
cait (genitive indefinite singular)
chat (genitive indefinite plural)
cat (dative indefinite singular)
cait (dative indefinite plural)
cataibh (dative indefinite plural)
cat (definite nominative singular)
an cat (definite nominative singular)
cait (definite nominative plural)
na cait (definite nominative plural)
(a') chait (definite genitive singular)
cat (definite genitive plural)
nan cat (definite genitive plural)
(a') chat (dative definite singular)
cait (dative definite plural)
na cait (dative definite plural)
cataibh (dative definite plural)
chait (definite singular vocative)
chata (definite plural vocative)
cat
chat

From Old Irish catt, borrowed from Late Latin cattus. Cognates include Irish cat and Manx kayt.


A

The first letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is followed by b. Its traditional name is ailm (“elm”).


f

The sixth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by e and followed by g. Its traditional name is feàrna (“alder”).


f

Abbreviation of feasgar (“(in the) afternoon, post meridiem”); pm, p.m.


ab

ab m (genitive singular aba, plural abachan)

aba (genitive singular)
abachan (plural)


de

de (+ dative, triggers lenition of consonants and Dh-prothesis of vowels, combined with the singular definite article dhen)

dhìom (first-person singular)
dhìomsa (emphatic first-person singular)
dhìot (second-person singular)
dhìotsa (emphatic second-person singular)
dheth (masculine singular third-person)
dhethsan (emphatic masculine singular third-person)
dhith (feminine singular third-person)
dhithse (emphatic feminine singular third-person)
dhinn (first-person plural)
dhinne (emphatic first-person plural)
dhibh (plural second-person)
dhibhse (emphatic plural second-person)
dhiubh (plural third-person)
dhiubhsan (emphatic plural third-person)
dhe (alternative)

From Old Irish di. Cognates include Irish de and Manx jeh.


can

can (past chan, future canaidh, verbal noun cantainn or canail or cantail, past participle cante)

chan (past)
canaidh (future)
cantainn (noun-from-verb)
canail (noun-from-verb)
cantail (noun-from-verb)
cante (participle past)

From Old Irish canaid (“to sing”), from Proto-Celtic *kaneti (“to sing”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n-. Compare Welsh canu, Latin canō, Ancient Greek καναχέω (kanakhéō), Persian خواندن (xândan).

cha chan mi càil mus can mi cus

I won't say anything before I've said too much


o

The thirteenth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by n and followed by p. Its traditional name is onn or oir (“gorse”).


o

o (+ dative, triggers lenition, combined with the singular definite article on)

uam (first-person singular)
uamsa (emphatic first-person singular)
uat (second-person singular)
uatsa (emphatic second-person singular)
uaithe (masculine singular third-person)
uaithesan (emphatic masculine singular third-person)
uaipe (feminine singular third-person)
uaipese (emphatic feminine singular third-person)
uainn (first-person plural)
uainne (emphatic first-person plural)
uaibh (plural second-person)
uaibhse (emphatic plural second-person)
uapa (plural third-person)
uapasan (emphatic plural third-person)

From Middle Irish ó, from Old Irish ó. Cognates include Irish ó.


taghairm

taghairm f (genitive singular taghairme, plural taghairmean)

taghairme (genitive singular)
taghairmean (plural)

→ English: taghairm

→ Scots: taghairm

From Old Irish togairm, from Proto-Celtic *to-garrman, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵh₂r̥-smn̥, from *ǵeh₂r- (“to call, shout”); compare Irish toghairm (“invocation, summons”).


i

The ninth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by h and followed by l. Its traditional name is iodh (“yew”).


i

From Old Irish sí. Cognates include Irish sí and Manx ee.

third-person feminine pronoun; she, her, it


man

man (+ nominative with the definite article, + dative otherwise, no mutation)

with the definite article (with-nominative)
otherwise (with-dative)


is

Clipping of agus (“as well as”). Cognate with Irish is.


is

tha mi (first-person independent present singular)
tha thu (independent present second-person singular)
tha e (independent present singular)
i (independent present singular)
tha sinn (first-person independent plural present)
tha sibh (independent plural present second-person)
tha iad (independent plural present third-person)
bha mi (first-person independent past singular)
bha thu (independent past second-person singular)
bha e (independent past singular)
i (independent past singular)
bha sinn (first-person independent past plural)
bha sibh (independent past plural second-person)
bha iad (independent past plural third-person)
bidh mi (first-person future independent singular)
bidh tu (future independent second-person singular)
bidh e (future independent singular)
i (future independent singular)
bidh sinn (first-person future independent plural)
bidh sibh (future independent plural second-person)
bidh iad (future independent plural third-person)
bithidh mi (emphatic first-person future independent singular)
bithidh tu (emphatic future independent second-person singular)
bithidh e (emphatic future independent singular)
i (emphatic future independent singular)
bithidh sinn (emphatic first-person future independent plural)
bithidh sibh (emphatic future independent plural second-person)
bithidh iad (emphatic future independent plural third-person)
bhithinn (conditional first-person independent singular)
bhiodh tu (conditional independent second-person singular)
bhiodh e (conditional independent singular)
i (conditional independent singular)
bhiodh sinn (conditional first-person independent plural)
bhiomaid (conditional first-person independent plural)
bhiodh sibh (conditional independent plural second-person)
bhiodh iad (conditional independent plural third-person)
bhithinn (conditional emphatic first-person independent singular)
bhitheadh tu (conditional emphatic independent second-person singular)
bhitheadh e (conditional emphatic independent singular)
i (conditional emphatic independent singular)
bhitheadh sinn (conditional emphatic first-person independent plural)
bhitheamaid (conditional emphatic first-person independent plural)
bhitheadh sibh (conditional emphatic independent plural second-person)
bhitheadh iad (conditional emphatic independent plural third-person)
chan eil mi (first-person negative present singular)
chan eil thu (negative present second-person singular)
chan eil e (negative present singular)
i (negative present singular)
chan eil sinn (first-person negative plural present)
chan eil sibh (negative plural present second-person)
chan eil iad (negative plural present third-person)
cha robh mi (first-person negative past singular)
cha robh thu (negative past second-person singular)
cha robh e (negative past singular)
i (negative past singular)
cha robh sinn (first-person negative past plural)
cha robh sibh (negative past plural second-person)
cha robh iad (negative past plural third-person)
cha bhi mi (first-person future negative singular)
cha bhi thu (future negative second-person singular)
cha bhi e (future negative singular)
i (future negative singular)
cha bhi sinn (first-person future negative plural)
cha bhi sibh (future negative plural second-person)
cha bhi iad (future negative plural third-person)
cha bhithinn (conditional first-person negative singular)
cha bhiodh tu (conditional negative second-person singular)
cha bhiodh e (conditional negative singular)
i (conditional negative singular)
cha bhiodh sinn (conditional first-person negative plural)
cha bhiomaid (conditional first-person negative plural)
cha bhiodh sibh (conditional negative plural second-person)
cha bhiodh iad (conditional negative plural third-person)
cha bhithinn (conditional emphatic first-person negative singular)
cha bhitheadh tu (conditional emphatic negative second-person singular)
cha bhitheadh e (conditional emphatic negative singular)
i (conditional emphatic negative singular)
cha bhitheadh sinn (conditional emphatic first-person negative plural)
cha bhitheamaid (conditional emphatic first-person negative plural)
cha bhitheadh sibh (conditional emphatic negative plural second-person)
cha bhitheadh iad (conditional emphatic negative plural third-person)
a bheil mi? (first-person present singular)
a bheil thu? (present second-person singular)
a bheil e (present singular)
i? (present singular)
a bheil sinn? (first-person plural present)
a bheil sibh? (plural present second-person)
a bheil iad? (plural present third-person)
an robh mi? (first-person past singular)
an robh thu? (past second-person singular)
an robh e (past singular)
i? (past singular)
an robh sinn? (first-person past plural)
an robh sibh? (past plural second-person)
an robh iad? (past plural third-person)
am bi mi? (first-person future singular)
am bi thu? (future second-person singular)
am bi e (future singular)
i? (future singular)
am bi sinn? (first-person future plural)
am bi sibh? (future plural second-person)
am bi iad? (future plural third-person)
am bithinn? (conditional first-person singular)
am biodh tu? (conditional second-person singular)
am biodh e (conditional singular)
i? (conditional singular)
am biodh sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
am biomaid? (conditional first-person plural)
am biodh sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
am biodh iad? (conditional plural third-person)
am bithinn? (conditional emphatic first-person singular)
am bitheadh tu? (conditional emphatic second-person singular)
am bitheadh e (conditional emphatic singular)
i? (conditional emphatic singular)
am bitheadh sinn (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
am bitheamaid? (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
am bitheadh sibh? (conditional emphatic plural second-person)
am bitheadh iad? (conditional emphatic plural third-person)
nach eil mi? (first-person present singular)
nach eil thu? (present second-person singular)
nach eil e (present singular)
nach eil sinn? (first-person plural present)
nach eil sibh? (plural present second-person)
nach eil iad? (plural present third-person)
nach robh mi? (first-person past singular)
nach robh thu? (past second-person singular)
nach robh e (past singular)
nach robh sinn? (first-person past plural)
nach robh sibh? (past plural second-person)
nach robh iad? (past plural third-person)
nach bi mi? (first-person future singular)
nach bi thu? (future second-person singular)
nach bi e (future singular)
nach bi sinn? (first-person future plural)
nach bi sibh? (future plural second-person)
nach bi iad? (future plural third-person)
nach bithinn? (conditional first-person singular)
nach biodh tu? (conditional second-person singular)
nach biodh e (conditional singular)
nach biodh sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
nach biomaid? (conditional first-person plural)
nach biodh sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
nach biodh iad? (conditional plural third-person)
nach bithinn? (conditional emphatic first-person singular)
nach bitheadh tu? (conditional emphatic second-person singular)
nach bitheadh e (conditional emphatic singular)
nach bitheadh sinn? (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
nach bitheamaid? (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
nach bitheadh sibh? (conditional emphatic plural second-person)
nach bitheadh iad? (conditional emphatic plural third-person)
bhios mi (first-person singular)
a bhios mi (first-person singular)
bhios tu (second-person singular)
a bhios tu (second-person singular)
bhios e (singular)
a bhios e (singular)
i (singular)
bhios sinn (first-person plural)
a bhios sinn (first-person plural)
bhios sibh (plural second-person)
a bhios sibh (plural second-person)
bhios iad (plural third-person)
a bhios iad (plural third-person)
bhitheas mi (emphatic first-person singular)
a bhitheas mi (emphatic first-person singular)
bhitheas tu (emphatic second-person singular)
a bhitheas tu (emphatic second-person singular)
bhitheas e (emphatic singular)
a bhitheas e (emphatic singular)
i (emphatic singular)
bhitheas sinn (emphatic first-person plural)
a bhitheas sinn (emphatic first-person plural)
bhitheas sibh (emphatic plural second-person)
a bhitheas sibh (emphatic plural second-person)
bhitheas iad (emphatic plural third-person)
a bhitheas iad (emphatic plural third-person)
bitheam (first-person imperative singular)
bi (imperative second-person singular)
biodh e (imperative singular)
i (imperative singular)
biomaid (first-person imperative plural)
bithibh (imperative plural second-person)
biodh iad (imperative plural third-person)
bitheam (emphatic first-person imperative singular)
bi (emphatic imperative second-person singular)
bitheadh e (emphatic imperative singular)
i (emphatic imperative singular)
bitheamaid (emphatic first-person imperative plural)
bithibh (emphatic imperative plural second-person)
bitheadh iad (emphatic imperative plural third-person)
a bhith (noun-from-verb)
is mi (first-person independent present singular)
is tu (independent present second-person singular)
is e (independent present singular)
i (independent present singular)
is sinn (first-person independent plural present)
is sibh (independent plural present second-person)
is iad (independent plural present third-person)
bu mhi (first-person independent past singular)
bu tu (independent past second-person singular)
b' e (independent past singular)
i (independent past singular)
bu sinn (first-person independent past plural)
bu sibh (independent past plural second-person)
b' iad (independent past plural third-person)
bu mhi (conditional first-person independent singular)
bu tu (conditional independent second-person singular)
b' e (conditional independent singular)
i (conditional independent singular)
bu sinn (conditional first-person independent plural)
bu sibh (conditional independent plural second-person)
b' iad (conditional independent plural third-person)
cha mhi (first-person negative present singular)
cha tu (negative present second-person singular)
chan e (negative present singular)
i (negative present singular)
cha sinn (first-person negative plural present)
cha sibh (negative plural present second-person)
chan iad (negative plural present third-person)
cha bu mhi (first-person negative past singular)
cha bu tu (negative past second-person singular)
cha b' e (negative past singular)
i (negative past singular)
cha bu sinn (first-person negative past plural)
cha bu sibh (negative past plural second-person)
cha b' iad (negative past plural third-person)
cha bu mhi (conditional first-person negative singular)
cha bu tu (conditional negative second-person singular)
cha b' e (conditional negative singular)
i (conditional negative singular)
cha bu sinn (conditional first-person negative plural)
cha bu sibh (conditional negative plural second-person)
cha b' iad (conditional negative plural third-person)
am mi? (first-person present singular)
an tu? (present second-person singular)
an e (present singular)
i? (present singular)
an sinn? (first-person plural present)
an sibh? (plural present second-person)
an iad? (plural present third-person)
am bu mhi? (first-person past singular)
am bu tu? (past second-person singular)
am b' e (past singular)
i? (past singular)
am bu sinn? (first-person past plural)
am bu sibh? (past plural second-person)
am b' iad? (past plural third-person)
am bu mhi? (conditional first-person singular)
am bu tu? (conditional second-person singular)
am b' e (conditional singular)
i? (conditional singular)
am bu sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
am bu sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
am b' iad? (conditional plural third-person)
nach mi? (first-person interrogative negative present singular)
nach tu? (interrogative negative present second-person singular)
nach e (interrogative negative present singular)
i? (interrogative negative present singular)
nach sinn? (first-person interrogative negative plural present)
nach sibh? (interrogative negative plural present second-person)
nach iad? (interrogative negative plural present third-person)
nach bu mhi? (first-person interrogative negative past singular)
nach bu tu? (interrogative negative past second-person singular)
nach b' e (interrogative negative past singular)
i? (interrogative negative past singular)
nach bu sinn? (first-person interrogative negative past plural)
nach bu sibh? (interrogative negative past plural second-person)
nach b' iad? (interrogative negative past plural third-person)
nach bu mhi? (conditional first-person interrogative negative singular)
nach bu tu? (conditional interrogative negative second-person singular)
nach b' e (conditional interrogative negative singular)
i? (conditional interrogative negative singular)
nach bu sinn? (conditional first-person interrogative negative plural)
nach bu sibh? (conditional interrogative negative plural second-person)
nach b' iad? (conditional interrogative negative plural third-person)
thathar (independent present)
thatar (independent present)
thathas (independent present)
bhathar (independent past)
bhatar (independent past)
bhathas (independent past)
bithear (future independent)
bitear (future independent)
bitheas (future independent)
bhite (conditional independent)
bhiteadh (conditional independent)
bhithist (conditional independent)
bhithiste (conditional independent)
chan eilear (negative present)
chan eileas (negative present)
cha robhar (negative past)
cha robhas (negative past)
cha bithear (future negative)
cha bitear (future negative)
cha bitheas (future negative)
cha bhite (conditional negative)
cha bhiteadh (conditional negative)
cha bhithist (conditional negative)
cha bhithiste (conditional negative)
am beilear? am beileas? (affirmative interrogative present)
a bheilear? a bheileas? (affirmative interrogative present)
an robhar? an robhas? (affirmative interrogative past)
am bithear? am biteas? (affirmative future interrogative)
am bite? am bithist? (affirmative interrogative)
am bite? am bithiste? (affirmative interrogative)
am biteadht? (affirmative interrogative)
am biteadhte? (affirmative interrogative)
nach eilear? nach eileas? (interrogative negative present)
nach robhar? nach robhas? (interrogative negative past)
nach bite? nach bithist? (interrogative negative)
nach bite? nach bithiste? (interrogative negative)
nach biteadht? (interrogative negative)
nach biteadhte? (interrogative negative)

From Old Irish is. Cognate with Irish is and Manx s'.


cum

cum (past chum, future cumaidh, verbal noun cumail or cumadh, past participle cumta)

chum (past)
cumaidh (future)
cumail (noun-from-verb)
cumadh (noun-from-verb)
cumta (participle past)

From Old Irish con·gaib. Cognate with Irish coinnigh and Manx cum.


cum

cum (past chum, future cumaidh, verbal noun cumadh, past participle cumta)

chum (past)
cumaidh (future)
cumadh (noun-from-verb)
cumta (participle past)
cum
chum

From Old Irish cummaid (“to fashion, makes”), from cummae (“act of cutting, shaping”), verbal noun of con·ben.


port

port m (genitive singular puirt, plural puirt or portan)

puirt (genitive singular)
puirt (plural)
portan (plural)


port

puirt (genitive singular)
puirt (plural)
portan (plural)
port
phort

From Old Irish port (“bank, shore (of river or sea); landing-place, haven; bank, mound, entrenchment; place, spot, locality; stead, abode; stronghold, fortress”), ultimately from Latin portus (“harbour, port; haven, refuge, asylum, retreat”).


os

"Ial, ial," os a' chailleach

Alternative form of arsa used before vowels


OMC

(chiefly Internet slang, text messaging) An exclamation of excitement, surprise, shock etc.; OMG


Canada

Tha Loch Lùthaise ann an Canada.


amar

head

amar m (genitive singular amair, plural amaran)

amair (genitive singular)
amaran (plural)

From Old Irish ommar (“trough for holding water”).


map

head

map m (genitive singular map, plural mapaichean)

map (genitive singular)
mapaichean (plural)
map
mhap


ad

ad f (genitive singular aide, plural adan or adaichean)

aide (genitive singular)
adan (plural)
adaichean (plural)

Borrowed from English hat (compare Irish hata).

ad a' bhile òir

bile na h-aide


inc

inc m or f (genitive singular ince, plural incean)

ince (genitive singular)
incean (plural)
ince (alternative)


dar

tlb

(Ross-shire, Inverness-shire, Mull, Perthshire)

Possibly a reduced form of nuair (“when”) (MacBain) or possibly from early modern an tan a, an dan a, from Old Irish in tan (“when”) from acc. sg. of Old Irish tan (“time”) (Seosamh Watson).

Bha sinne air na cuairteachdainn leis a’ Ghàidhlig dar a bha sinn nana cloinn

2005, Roy G. Wentworth, Rannsachadh air Fòn-eòlas Dualchainnt Ghàidhlig Gheàrrloch, Siorrachd Rois, page 3:

We had been surrounded with Gaelic when we were children


dual

From Old Irish dúal (“that which belongs or is proper to an individual by nature or descent”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ-.

inh

'S dual do phoileasman a bhith amharasach.

It's natural for a policeman to be suspicious.


dual

head

dual m (genitive singular duail, plural dualan)

duail (genitive singular)
dualan (plural)

bu dual do dh'isean an ròin a dhol chun na mara


dual

From Old Irish dúal (“tress, lock of hair”), from Proto-Celtic *doklos, from Proto-Indo-European *doḱlos.


dual

dual (past dhual, future dualidh, verbal noun dualadh, past participle dualte)

dhual (past)
dualidh (future)
dualadh (noun-from-verb)
dualte (participle past)
dual
dhual


pit

pit f (genitive singular pite, plural pitean)

pite (genitive singular)
pitean (plural)
pit
phit

From Old Irish pit (“pit, hollow; female pudenda”), possibly related to putte (“pit, hollow”), Latin puteus.


or

head

or m (genitive singular ora, plural ora or orthachan or orrachan or orthannan)

Possibly from Old Irish amar (“song, singing”). See òran.


or

or (past dh’or, future oridh, verbal noun oradh, past participle orte)

dh’or (past)
oridh (future)
oradh (noun-from-verb)
orte (participle past)

Tha Màiri ag oradh.


coin

inflection of cù:
genitive/vocative singular

inflection of cù:
nominative/dative plural


at

at (past dh'at, future ataidh, verbal noun at or atadh, past participle athte)

dh'at (past)
ataidh (future)
at (noun-from-verb)
atadh (noun-from-verb)
athte (participle past)
at
n-at
h-at
t-at

From Old Irish attaid (“swells, dilates, increases”, verb), from att (“swelling, protuberance, tumour”).


an

am (masculine nominative)
an (masculine)
an (genitive masculine)
an (feminine)
an (feminine nominative)
nam (genitive plural)
a' (masculine)
a' (genitive masculine)
a' (feminine)
a' (feminine nominative)
an (masculine nominative)

From Old Irish in. Cognates include Irish an and Manx yn.


an

From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish a.


an

annam (first-person singular)
annamsa (emphatic first-person singular)
annad (second-person singular)
annadsa (emphatic second-person singular)
ann (masculine singular third-person)
annsan (emphatic masculine singular third-person)
innte (feminine singular third-person)
inntese (emphatic feminine singular third-person)
annainn (first-person plural)
annainne (emphatic first-person plural)
annaibh (plural second-person)
annaibhse (emphatic plural second-person)
annta (plural third-person)
anntasan (emphatic plural third-person)
nam (first-person singular)
nar (first-person plural)
nad (second-person singular)
nur (plural second-person)
nam^(N 1)) (masculine plural third-person)
nam^(N 1)) (feminine plural third-person)

From Old Irish i. Cognates include Irish i and Manx ayns.


an

From Old Irish in. Cognates include Irish an.

Used together with a dependent form of a verb to form the interrogative.


an

is mi (first-person independent present singular)
is tu (independent present second-person singular)
is e (independent present singular)
i (independent present singular)
is sinn (first-person independent plural present)
is sibh (independent plural present second-person)
is iad (independent plural present third-person)
bu mhi (first-person independent past singular)
bu tu (independent past second-person singular)
b' e (independent past singular)
i (independent past singular)
bu sinn (first-person independent past plural)
bu sibh (independent past plural second-person)
b' iad (independent past plural third-person)
bu mhi (conditional first-person independent singular)
bu tu (conditional independent second-person singular)
b' e (conditional independent singular)
i (conditional independent singular)
bu sinn (conditional first-person independent plural)
bu sibh (conditional independent plural second-person)
b' iad (conditional independent plural third-person)
cha mhi (first-person negative present singular)
cha tu (negative present second-person singular)
chan e (negative present singular)
i (negative present singular)
cha sinn (first-person negative plural present)
cha sibh (negative plural present second-person)
chan iad (negative plural present third-person)
cha bu mhi (first-person negative past singular)
cha bu tu (negative past second-person singular)
cha b' e (negative past singular)
i (negative past singular)
cha bu sinn (first-person negative past plural)
cha bu sibh (negative past plural second-person)
cha b' iad (negative past plural third-person)
cha bu mhi (conditional first-person negative singular)
cha bu tu (conditional negative second-person singular)
cha b' e (conditional negative singular)
i (conditional negative singular)
cha bu sinn (conditional first-person negative plural)
cha bu sibh (conditional negative plural second-person)
cha b' iad (conditional negative plural third-person)
am mi? (first-person present singular)
an tu? (present second-person singular)
an e (present singular)
i? (present singular)
an sinn? (first-person plural present)
an sibh? (plural present second-person)
an iad? (plural present third-person)
am bu mhi? (first-person past singular)
am bu tu? (past second-person singular)
am b' e (past singular)
i? (past singular)
am bu sinn? (first-person past plural)
am bu sibh? (past plural second-person)
am b' iad? (past plural third-person)
am bu mhi? (conditional first-person singular)
am bu tu? (conditional second-person singular)
am b' e (conditional singular)
i? (conditional singular)
am bu sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
am bu sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
am b' iad? (conditional plural third-person)
nach mi? (first-person interrogative negative present singular)
nach tu? (interrogative negative present second-person singular)
nach e (interrogative negative present singular)
i? (interrogative negative present singular)
nach sinn? (first-person interrogative negative plural present)
nach sibh? (interrogative negative plural present second-person)
nach iad? (interrogative negative plural present third-person)
nach bu mhi? (first-person interrogative negative past singular)
nach bu tu? (interrogative negative past second-person singular)
nach b' e (interrogative negative past singular)
i? (interrogative negative past singular)
nach bu sinn? (first-person interrogative negative past plural)
nach bu sibh? (interrogative negative past plural second-person)
nach b' iad? (interrogative negative past plural third-person)
nach bu mhi? (conditional first-person interrogative negative singular)
nach bu tu? (conditional interrogative negative second-person singular)
nach b' e (conditional interrogative negative singular)
i? (conditional interrogative negative singular)
nach bu sinn? (conditional first-person interrogative negative plural)
nach bu sibh? (conditional interrogative negative plural second-person)
nach b' iad? (conditional interrogative negative plural third-person)

Present interrogative form of is (the copula).


mill

head

mill (past mhill, future millidh, verbal noun milleadh, past participle millte)

mhill (past)
millidh (future)
milleadh (noun-from-verb)
millte (participle past)

From Old Irish millid (“spoils, ruins, destroys”).


air

head

air (+ dative, triggers lenition in certain established phrases)

in certain established phrases (triggers-lenition)
orm (first-person singular)
ormsa (emphatic first-person singular)
ort (second-person singular)
ortsa (emphatic second-person singular)
air (masculine singular third-person)
airsan (emphatic masculine singular third-person)
oirre (feminine singular third-person)
oirrese (emphatic feminine singular third-person)
oirnn (first-person plural)
oirnne (emphatic first-person plural)
oirbh (plural second-person)
oirbhse (emphatic plural second-person)
orra (plural third-person)
orrasan (emphatic plural third-person)

From a conflation of three Old Irish prepositions:
# ar, air (“for”) (triggering lenition), from Proto-Celtic *ɸare (“in front of”), from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂i. Cognates include Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside”) and English fore.
# for (“on”) (triggering no mutation), from Proto-Celtic *uɸer (“over, on”) (compare Welsh ar, Breton war), from Proto-Indo-European *upér (compare Latin super, Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Old English ofer).
# íar (“after”) (triggering eclipsis), from Proto-Celtic *eɸirom (“after, behind”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi.
Cognates include Irish ar and Manx er.

air bàrr a' bhalla

tha mi air an rathad

air m' fhacal, chan innis mi dhi

beag air bheag

air a' Ghàidhealtachd

air an dùthaich

iomradh air do ghliocas

air ainm

theich an duine orm

dè an t-ainm a tha ort?

tha an t-acras orm

tha falt dubh orra

tha an cnatan oirre

(idiomatic) Used to indicate inalienable possession, feelings and minor medical conditions

air an adhbhar sin

air bheag de làithean

for, on account of, by means of, through, within (triggers lenition)

bha mi air bhoil às dèidh dhomh siud fhaicinn

bhiomaid air chall nan robh sinn anns a' choille ud

thèid mi air chèilidh air mo sheanmhair

Used with a verbal noun to indicate a state (triggers lenition)

tha e air ri phàigheadh

(in conjunction with the verb bi) must, have to

rud air choreigin

(in one common phrase) or (triggers lenition)

tha mi air an obair a dhèanamh

bha iad uile air falbh sa mhadainn

they were all after leaving in the morning

bhithinn air faighinn às leis

Used with a verbal noun to indicate the perfect tense; after


air

third-person singular masculine of air: on him, on it


air

deich air fhichead

a' dol air beinn

form of thar; rarely used outside of the old counting system


arm

arm m (genitive singular airm, plural airm)

airm (genitive singular)
airm (plural)
arm
n-arm
h-arm
t-arm

From Old Irish arm n (“armour, battle-equipment, panoply; weapon; army”), from Latin arma.


as

glic (“wise”) → as glice (“wisest”)

mòr (“big”) → as motha (“biggest”)

Creates the superlative when preceding the comparative form of an adjective or an adverb.


as

dè as ciall dha?

Combination of the relative particle a with the copula is.


son

Dèan seo air ar son.

Dèan seo air mo shon.


car

head

car m (genitive singular cuir, plural caran)

From Old Irish cor (“act of putting”), verbal noun of fo·ceird (“to put”).


car

Tha thu car fadalach.

Thàinig an stòiridh gu ceann car obann.

The story came to an end somewhat abruptly.


not

not m (genitive singular not, plural notaichean)

not (genitive singular)
notaichean (plural)

Borrowed from English note. The "money" sense comes from the now-rare £1 note.


gun

an t-amadan sin gun do thagh thu

am fear gum pòs aig deireadh na mìosa

the man that will marry at the end of the month

an taigh gu bheil aice


gun

gun (+ nominative, triggers lenition except before d, t, n or s)

except before d (triggers-lenition)
t (triggers-lenition)

gun teagamh

gun chàr

thuirt mi ris gun a dhol a-mach


gun

1911 (Birlinn Limited), Edward Dwelly: The Illustrated Gaelic-English Dictionary:
Duine gun mhath gun chron, is motha a chron na a mhath. ― A man that's neither good nor ill is more ill than good.


ag

Bha Seumas ag obair.

Used before the verbal noun to form the present participle.


ag

ag m (genitive singular agaig or aig, no plural)

agaig (genitive singular)
aig (genitive singular)


ag

ag (past dh'ag, future agidh, verbal noun agadh)

dh'ag (past)
agidh (future)
agadh (noun-from-verb)
ag
n-ag
h-ag
t-ag


bad

bad m (genitive singular baid, plural badan)

Probably borrowed from Pictish [Term?]. Compare Breton bod (“cluster, bunch of grapes, thicket”).


ear

From Old Irish an air (literally “from before”), equivalent to modern a (“from”) + air (“before”).


do

From Old Irish do. Cognates include Irish do.

Bha iongantach do ghràdh dhomh.


do

head

do (+ dative, triggers lenition of consonants and Dh-prothesis of vowels, combined with the singular definite article dhan)

dhomh (first-person singular)
dhòmhsa (emphatic first-person singular)
dhut (second-person singular)
dhutsa (emphatic second-person singular)
dha (masculine singular third-person)
dhàsan (emphatic masculine singular third-person)
dhi (feminine singular third-person)
dhìse (emphatic feminine singular third-person)
dhuinn (first-person plural)
dhuinne (emphatic first-person plural)
dhuibh (plural second-person)
dhuibhse (emphatic plural second-person)
dhaibh (plural third-person)
dhaibhsan (emphatic plural third-person)

Bha e a' siubhal do Shasainn an-uiridh.

Do dh'ar beatha, dhut, dhèanainn e.


do

From Middle Irish ro-, from Old Irish ro-, from Proto-Celtic *ɸro-.

An do sgrìobh thu litir?

Cha do bhrist mi an uinneag.


dia

dia m (genitive singular dè, plural diathan or dèe)

dè (genitive singular)
diathan (plural)
dèe (plural)
dia (indefinite nominative singular)
diathan (indefinite nominative plural)
dèe (indefinite nominative obsolete plural)
dhè (genitive indefinite singular)
dhia (genitive indefinite plural)
dhèe (genitive indefinite obsolete plural)
dia (dative indefinite singular)
diathan (dative indefinite plural)
dèe (dative indefinite obsolete plural)
dèibh (dative indefinite obsolete plural)
diathaibh (dative indefinite obsolete plural)
dia (definite nominative singular)
an dia (definite nominative singular)
diathan (definite nominative plural)
na diathan (definite nominative plural)
dèe (definite nominative obsolete plural)
dè (definite genitive singular)
an dè (definite genitive singular)
dia (definite genitive plural)
nan dia (definite genitive plural)
dèe (definite genitive obsolete plural)
dia (dative definite singular)
an dia (dative definite singular)
diathan (dative definite plural)
na diathan (dative definite plural)
dèe (dative definite obsolete plural)
dèibh (dative definite obsolete plural)
diathaibh (dative definite obsolete plural)
dhè (definite singular vocative)
dhia (definite singular vocative)
dhiatha (definite plural vocative)
dia
dhia

From Old Irish día (“god”), from Proto-Celtic *deiwos (compare Welsh duw), from Proto-Indo-European *deywós (compare Sanskrit देव (deva), Latin deus, Old English Tīw (“Germanic god of heroic glory”)).


mapa

head

mapa m (genitive singular mapa, plural mapaichean)

mapa (genitive singular)
mapaichean (plural)
mapa
mhapa
map (alternative)


Hong Kong

Borrowed from English Hong Kong, from Cantonese 香港 (hoeng1 gong2).

Hong Kong (a city, island and special administrative region in southeastern China)


dream

From Middle Irish dremm (“crowd, throng”), from Proto-Celtic *drexsmā, itself probably related to *drungos (“throng, host”).

is rìoghail mo dhream

royal is my race (motto of Clan MacGregor)


lean

lean (past lean, future leanaidh, verbal noun leantainn or leanmhainn, past participle leanta)

lean (past)
leanaidh (future)
leantainn (noun-from-verb)
leanmhainn (noun-from-verb)
leanta (participle past)

From Old Irish lenaid (“stays, sticks (to), follows”), from Proto-Celtic *linati (“stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyH- (“to smear”); compare Latin linō (“anoint”), Sanskrit लिनाति (lināti, “sticks, stays”).

cog

An lean an droch aimsir?


bog

buige (comparative)
bog (masculine nominative singular)
bhog (feminine nominative singular)
boga (nominative plural)
bhuig (masculine singular vocative)
bhog (feminine singular vocative)
boga (plural vocative)
bhuig (genitive masculine singular)
bhuig (feminine genitive singular)
buige (feminine genitive singular)
bog (genitive plural)
boga (genitive plural)
bhog (dative masculine singular)
bhuig (dative feminine singular)
boga (dative plural)
bog
bhog

Inherited from Old Irish boc (“soft, gentle, tender; tepid”).


sin

From Middle Irish [Term?], from Old Irish sin. Cognates include Irish sin and Manx shen.

Dè tha sin?


put

head

put (past phut, future putaidh, verbal noun putadh, past participle pute)

phut (past)
putaidh (future)
putadh (noun-from-verb)
pute (participle past)

Borrowed from Scots put (“push”). Ultimately from the root of English put.


put

put m (genitive singular puta, plural putan)

Borrowed from Scots pout, from Middle English pulet (“a pullet”).

Lagopus lagopus
Lagopus lagopus#Translingual


put

puta (genitive singular)
putan (plural)
put
phut

Probably of North Germanic origin, from Proto-Germanic *pūto (“swollen”), from Proto-Indo-European *bu- (“to swell”), see also Sanskrit बुद्बुद (budbuda, “bubble”).

(nautical) large buoy, float (generally of sheepskin, inflated)


rang

rangan (plural)
rangas (alternative)
reangas (alternative)
rong (alternative)
rongas (alternative)
rung (alternative)
rungas (alternative)


trod

trod m (genitive singular troid, plural troid)

troid (genitive singular)
troid (plural)
trod
throd

From Middle Irish trot, from Old Irish troit (“fight, battle, quarrel”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *trewd- (“to thrust, push”), related to Proto-Germanic *þrautą (“affliction, agony, struggle”).


bi

head

bi (past bha, future bidh, verbal noun bhith)

bha (past)
bidh (future)
bhith (noun-from-verb)
tha mi (first-person independent present singular)
tha thu (independent present second-person singular)
tha e (independent present singular)
i (independent present singular)
tha sinn (first-person independent plural present)
tha sibh (independent plural present second-person)
tha iad (independent plural present third-person)
bha mi (first-person independent past singular)
bha thu (independent past second-person singular)
bha e (independent past singular)
i (independent past singular)
bha sinn (first-person independent past plural)
bha sibh (independent past plural second-person)
bha iad (independent past plural third-person)
bidh mi (first-person future independent singular)
bidh tu (future independent second-person singular)
bidh e (future independent singular)
i (future independent singular)
bidh sinn (first-person future independent plural)
bidh sibh (future independent plural second-person)
bidh iad (future independent plural third-person)
bithidh mi (emphatic first-person future independent singular)
bithidh tu (emphatic future independent second-person singular)
bithidh e (emphatic future independent singular)
i (emphatic future independent singular)
bithidh sinn (emphatic first-person future independent plural)
bithidh sibh (emphatic future independent plural second-person)
bithidh iad (emphatic future independent plural third-person)
bhithinn (conditional first-person independent singular)
bhiodh tu (conditional independent second-person singular)
bhiodh e (conditional independent singular)
i (conditional independent singular)
bhiodh sinn (conditional first-person independent plural)
bhiomaid (conditional first-person independent plural)
bhiodh sibh (conditional independent plural second-person)
bhiodh iad (conditional independent plural third-person)
bhithinn (conditional emphatic first-person independent singular)
bhitheadh tu (conditional emphatic independent second-person singular)
bhitheadh e (conditional emphatic independent singular)
i (conditional emphatic independent singular)
bhitheadh sinn (conditional emphatic first-person independent plural)
bhitheamaid (conditional emphatic first-person independent plural)
bhitheadh sibh (conditional emphatic independent plural second-person)
bhitheadh iad (conditional emphatic independent plural third-person)
chan eil mi (first-person negative present singular)
chan eil thu (negative present second-person singular)
chan eil e (negative present singular)
i (negative present singular)
chan eil sinn (first-person negative plural present)
chan eil sibh (negative plural present second-person)
chan eil iad (negative plural present third-person)
cha robh mi (first-person negative past singular)
cha robh thu (negative past second-person singular)
cha robh e (negative past singular)
i (negative past singular)
cha robh sinn (first-person negative past plural)
cha robh sibh (negative past plural second-person)
cha robh iad (negative past plural third-person)
cha bhi mi (first-person future negative singular)
cha bhi thu (future negative second-person singular)
cha bhi e (future negative singular)
i (future negative singular)
cha bhi sinn (first-person future negative plural)
cha bhi sibh (future negative plural second-person)
cha bhi iad (future negative plural third-person)
cha bhithinn (conditional first-person negative singular)
cha bhiodh tu (conditional negative second-person singular)
cha bhiodh e (conditional negative singular)
i (conditional negative singular)
cha bhiodh sinn (conditional first-person negative plural)
cha bhiomaid (conditional first-person negative plural)
cha bhiodh sibh (conditional negative plural second-person)
cha bhiodh iad (conditional negative plural third-person)
cha bhithinn (conditional emphatic first-person negative singular)
cha bhitheadh tu (conditional emphatic negative second-person singular)
cha bhitheadh e (conditional emphatic negative singular)
i (conditional emphatic negative singular)
cha bhitheadh sinn (conditional emphatic first-person negative plural)
cha bhitheamaid (conditional emphatic first-person negative plural)
cha bhitheadh sibh (conditional emphatic negative plural second-person)
cha bhitheadh iad (conditional emphatic negative plural third-person)
a bheil mi? (first-person present singular)
a bheil thu? (present second-person singular)
a bheil e (present singular)
i? (present singular)
a bheil sinn? (first-person plural present)
a bheil sibh? (plural present second-person)
a bheil iad? (plural present third-person)
an robh mi? (first-person past singular)
an robh thu? (past second-person singular)
an robh e (past singular)
i? (past singular)
an robh sinn? (first-person past plural)
an robh sibh? (past plural second-person)
an robh iad? (past plural third-person)
am bi mi? (first-person future singular)
am bi thu? (future second-person singular)
am bi e (future singular)
i? (future singular)
am bi sinn? (first-person future plural)
am bi sibh? (future plural second-person)
am bi iad? (future plural third-person)
am bithinn? (conditional first-person singular)
am biodh tu? (conditional second-person singular)
am biodh e (conditional singular)
i? (conditional singular)
am biodh sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
am biomaid? (conditional first-person plural)
am biodh sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
am biodh iad? (conditional plural third-person)
am bithinn? (conditional emphatic first-person singular)
am bitheadh tu? (conditional emphatic second-person singular)
am bitheadh e (conditional emphatic singular)
i? (conditional emphatic singular)
am bitheadh sinn (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
am bitheamaid? (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
am bitheadh sibh? (conditional emphatic plural second-person)
am bitheadh iad? (conditional emphatic plural third-person)
nach eil mi? (first-person present singular)
nach eil thu? (present second-person singular)
nach eil e (present singular)
nach eil sinn? (first-person plural present)
nach eil sibh? (plural present second-person)
nach eil iad? (plural present third-person)
nach robh mi? (first-person past singular)
nach robh thu? (past second-person singular)
nach robh e (past singular)
nach robh sinn? (first-person past plural)
nach robh sibh? (past plural second-person)
nach robh iad? (past plural third-person)
nach bi mi? (first-person future singular)
nach bi thu? (future second-person singular)
nach bi e (future singular)
nach bi sinn? (first-person future plural)
nach bi sibh? (future plural second-person)
nach bi iad? (future plural third-person)
nach bithinn? (conditional first-person singular)
nach biodh tu? (conditional second-person singular)
nach biodh e (conditional singular)
nach biodh sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
nach biomaid? (conditional first-person plural)
nach biodh sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
nach biodh iad? (conditional plural third-person)
nach bithinn? (conditional emphatic first-person singular)
nach bitheadh tu? (conditional emphatic second-person singular)
nach bitheadh e (conditional emphatic singular)
nach bitheadh sinn? (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
nach bitheamaid? (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
nach bitheadh sibh? (conditional emphatic plural second-person)
nach bitheadh iad? (conditional emphatic plural third-person)
bhios mi (first-person singular)
a bhios mi (first-person singular)
bhios tu (second-person singular)
a bhios tu (second-person singular)
bhios e (singular)
a bhios e (singular)
i (singular)
bhios sinn (first-person plural)
a bhios sinn (first-person plural)
bhios sibh (plural second-person)
a bhios sibh (plural second-person)
bhios iad (plural third-person)
a bhios iad (plural third-person)
bhitheas mi (emphatic first-person singular)
a bhitheas mi (emphatic first-person singular)
bhitheas tu (emphatic second-person singular)
a bhitheas tu (emphatic second-person singular)
bhitheas e (emphatic singular)
a bhitheas e (emphatic singular)
i (emphatic singular)
bhitheas sinn (emphatic first-person plural)
a bhitheas sinn (emphatic first-person plural)
bhitheas sibh (emphatic plural second-person)
a bhitheas sibh (emphatic plural second-person)
bhitheas iad (emphatic plural third-person)
a bhitheas iad (emphatic plural third-person)
bitheam (first-person imperative singular)
bi (imperative second-person singular)
biodh e (imperative singular)
i (imperative singular)
biomaid (first-person imperative plural)
bithibh (imperative plural second-person)
biodh iad (imperative plural third-person)
bitheam (emphatic first-person imperative singular)
bi (emphatic imperative second-person singular)
bitheadh e (emphatic imperative singular)
i (emphatic imperative singular)
bitheamaid (emphatic first-person imperative plural)
bithibh (emphatic imperative plural second-person)
bitheadh iad (emphatic imperative plural third-person)
a bhith (noun-from-verb)
is mi (first-person independent present singular)
is tu (independent present second-person singular)
is e (independent present singular)
i (independent present singular)
is sinn (first-person independent plural present)
is sibh (independent plural present second-person)
is iad (independent plural present third-person)
bu mhi (first-person independent past singular)
bu tu (independent past second-person singular)
b' e (independent past singular)
i (independent past singular)
bu sinn (first-person independent past plural)
bu sibh (independent past plural second-person)
b' iad (independent past plural third-person)
bu mhi (conditional first-person independent singular)
bu tu (conditional independent second-person singular)
b' e (conditional independent singular)
i (conditional independent singular)
bu sinn (conditional first-person independent plural)
bu sibh (conditional independent plural second-person)
b' iad (conditional independent plural third-person)
cha mhi (first-person negative present singular)
cha tu (negative present second-person singular)
chan e (negative present singular)
i (negative present singular)
cha sinn (first-person negative plural present)
cha sibh (negative plural present second-person)
chan iad (negative plural present third-person)
cha bu mhi (first-person negative past singular)
cha bu tu (negative past second-person singular)
cha b' e (negative past singular)
i (negative past singular)
cha bu sinn (first-person negative past plural)
cha bu sibh (negative past plural second-person)
cha b' iad (negative past plural third-person)
cha bu mhi (conditional first-person negative singular)
cha bu tu (conditional negative second-person singular)
cha b' e (conditional negative singular)
i (conditional negative singular)
cha bu sinn (conditional first-person negative plural)
cha bu sibh (conditional negative plural second-person)
cha b' iad (conditional negative plural third-person)
am mi? (first-person present singular)
an tu? (present second-person singular)
an e (present singular)
i? (present singular)
an sinn? (first-person plural present)
an sibh? (plural present second-person)
an iad? (plural present third-person)
am bu mhi? (first-person past singular)
am bu tu? (past second-person singular)
am b' e (past singular)
i? (past singular)
am bu sinn? (first-person past plural)
am bu sibh? (past plural second-person)
am b' iad? (past plural third-person)
am bu mhi? (conditional first-person singular)
am bu tu? (conditional second-person singular)
am b' e (conditional singular)
i? (conditional singular)
am bu sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
am bu sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
am b' iad? (conditional plural third-person)
nach mi? (first-person interrogative negative present singular)
nach tu? (interrogative negative present second-person singular)
nach e (interrogative negative present singular)
i? (interrogative negative present singular)
nach sinn? (first-person interrogative negative plural present)
nach sibh? (interrogative negative plural present second-person)
nach iad? (interrogative negative plural present third-person)
nach bu mhi? (first-person interrogative negative past singular)
nach bu tu? (interrogative negative past second-person singular)
nach b' e (interrogative negative past singular)
i? (interrogative negative past singular)
nach bu sinn? (first-person interrogative negative past plural)
nach bu sibh? (interrogative negative past plural second-person)
nach b' iad? (interrogative negative past plural third-person)
nach bu mhi? (conditional first-person interrogative negative singular)
nach bu tu? (conditional interrogative negative second-person singular)
nach b' e (conditional interrogative negative singular)
i? (conditional interrogative negative singular)
nach bu sinn? (conditional first-person interrogative negative plural)
nach bu sibh? (conditional interrogative negative plural second-person)
nach b' iad? (conditional interrogative negative plural third-person)
thathar (independent present)
thatar (independent present)
thathas (independent present)
bhathar (independent past)
bhatar (independent past)
bhathas (independent past)
bithear (future independent)
bitear (future independent)
bitheas (future independent)
bhite (conditional independent)
bhiteadh (conditional independent)
bhithist (conditional independent)
bhithiste (conditional independent)
chan eilear (negative present)
chan eileas (negative present)
cha robhar (negative past)
cha robhas (negative past)
cha bithear (future negative)
cha bitear (future negative)
cha bitheas (future negative)
cha bhite (conditional negative)
cha bhiteadh (conditional negative)
cha bhithist (conditional negative)
cha bhithiste (conditional negative)
am beilear? am beileas? (affirmative interrogative present)
a bheilear? a bheileas? (affirmative interrogative present)
an robhar? an robhas? (affirmative interrogative past)
am bithear? am biteas? (affirmative future interrogative)
am bite? am bithist? (affirmative interrogative)
am bite? am bithiste? (affirmative interrogative)
am biteadht? (affirmative interrogative)
am biteadhte? (affirmative interrogative)
nach eilear? nach eileas? (interrogative negative present)
nach robhar? nach robhas? (interrogative negative past)
nach bite? nach bithist? (interrogative negative)
nach bite? nach bithiste? (interrogative negative)
nach biteadht? (interrogative negative)
nach biteadhte? (interrogative negative)
bi
bhi

From Old Irish bí. Cognate with Irish bí and Manx bee.

(auxiliary) Used with air to form various tenses with perfect meaning


ball

ball m (genitive singular buill, plural buill)

buill (genitive singular)
buill (plural)

From Old Irish ball m (“limb, member, organ; member of community; part, portion, piece; article, object; place, spot; passage (of a book); spot, mark, blemish”) (compare Irish ball), from Proto-Celtic *ballos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, swell, inflate”) (compare English ball, Ancient Greek φαλλός (phallós, “penis”)).


ball

buill (genitive singular)
buill (plural)
ball
bhall

From Middle English bal and/or Old Norse bǫllr (“a ball”), both from Proto-Germanic *balluz, *ballô (“ball”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, inflate, swell”).


flat

head

flat m (genitive singular flat, plural flataichean)

flat (genitive singular)
flataichean (plural)
flat
fhlat

(Lewis, Tiree, Islay, Arran, Ross-shire, Sutherland, Argyll) saucer


bir

onomatopoeic alarm noise of a gannet when attacked at night


long

long f (genitive singular luinge, plural longan)

luinge (genitive singular)
longan (plural)

From Old Irish long. Compare Welsh llong.


far

Possibly from Middle Irish i fail i (“in place in which, where”) from Old Irish fail (“place, where”) or baile (“place”), perhaps with dissimilation in early modern forms like a bhal a bhfuil > *a bhar a bhfuil or influenced by mar (“as, like”), related to Irish mar (“where”).

inh

Bha e cunnartach far an robh am balach ag iasgach.

It was dangerous where the boy was fishing.


far

thuit e far eich


fear

head

fear m (genitive singular fir, plural fir)

fir (genitive singular)
fir (plural)
fear (indefinite nominative singular)
fir (indefinite nominative plural)
fir (genitive indefinite singular)
fhear (genitive indefinite plural)
fear (dative indefinite singular)
fir (dative indefinite plural)
fearaibh (dative indefinite plural)
fear (definite nominative singular)
am fear (definite nominative singular)
fir (definite nominative plural)
na fir (definite nominative plural)
fhir (definite genitive singular)
an fhir (definite genitive singular)
fear (definite genitive plural)
nam fear (definite genitive plural)
fhear (dative definite singular)
an fhear (dative definite singular)
fir (dative definite plural)
na fir (dative definite plural)
fearaibh (dative definite plural)
fhir (definite singular vocative)
fheara (definite plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Irish fer, from Proto-Celtic *wiros, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós.


dust

dust m (genitive singular dust, no plural)


e

The fifth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by d and followed by f. Its traditional name is eadha (“aspen”).


e

From Old Irish é. Cognates include Irish é and Manx eh.

third-person masculine pronoun; he, him, it


san

From Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”).

inh

san anmoch

san fhad-ùine

san t-seanchas

san achadh bhuan


chan

From Middle Irish nochan, from Old Irish nícon, from ní (“not”) + con (“toward”). Cognates include Irish chan and Manx chan.

Chan fhaca mi i.

Chan eil mi fuar.

An t-aran, chan ùr e.


chan

inflection of can:
negative dependent future

inflection of can:
past (rare, usually thuirt)


-san

From Old Irish -som (3rd person singular masculine/neuter; 3rd person plural).


b

The second letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by a and followed by c. Its traditional name is beith (“birch”).


c

The third letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by b and followed by d. Its traditional name is coll (“hazel”).


d

The fourth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by c and followed by e. Its traditional name is dair (“oak”).


g

The seventh letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by f and followed by h. Its traditional name is gort (“ivy”).


h

The eighth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by g and followed by i. Its traditional name is uath (“hawthorn”).


l

The tenth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by i and followed by m. Its traditional name is luis (“rowan”).


m

The eleventh letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by l and followed by n. Its traditional name is muin (“vine”).


m

Abbreviation of sa mhadainn (“in the morning, ante meridiem”); am, a.m.


n

The twelfth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by m and followed by o. Its traditional name is nuin (“ash”).


p

The fourteenth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by o and followed by r. Its traditional name is beith bhog (“soft birch”).


r

The fifteenth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by p and followed by s. Its traditional name is ruis (“elder”).


s

The sixteenth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by r and followed by t. Its traditional name is suil (“willow”).


t

The seventeenth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by s and followed by u. Its traditional name is teine (“gorse”).


u

The eighteenth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by t. Its traditional name is ur (“heather”).


gram

From French gramme, from Ancient Greek γράμμα (grámma).


loch

head

loch f (genitive singular locha, plural lochan)

locha (genitive singular)
lochan (plural)

desctree

→ Middle English: lough, loch, louche, luh
English: lough, loch
Scots: loch

From Old Irish loch, from Proto-Celtic *loku, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus.


brat

head

brat m (genitive singular brata, plural bratan)

brata (genitive singular)
bratan (plural)
brat
bhrat

From Old Irish bratt, from Proto-Celtic *brattos (compare Welsh brethyn (“cloth”), from *brattinyos).

cloak, cover, covering, mantle, veil, canopy


fast

fast (past dh'fhast, future fastaidh, verbal noun fastadh)

dh'fhast (past)
fastaidh (future)
fastadh (noun-from-verb)

Alternative form of fastaidh (“hire, employ”)


call

call m (genitive singular calla, plural callaidhean)

calla (genitive singular)
callaidhean (plural)
call
chall


tre

From Old Irish tri (“through”), from Proto-Celtic *trei (compare Welsh trwy), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂- (“to pass through”).


cop

head

cop m (genitive singular coip, plural coip)

From Middle Irish copp, borrowed from either Old English copp or Middle English copp, both meaning "top," from Proto-West Germanic *kopp.


cop

cop (past chop, future copidh, verbal noun copadh, past participle copte)

chop (past)
copidh (future)
copadh (noun-from-verb)
copte (participle past)
cop
chop


sir

sir (past shir, future siridh, verbal noun sireadh, past participle sirte)

shir (past)
siridh (future)
sireadh (noun-from-verb)
sirte (participle past)
sir
shir
after "an"
t-sir

From Old Irish sirid (“to traverse, seek”). Cognate with Manx shirr.


boc

boc m (genitive singular buic, plural buic)

Inherited from Middle Irish boc, from Old Irish boc, poc(c) (“he-goat”), from Proto-Celtic *bukkos.


boc

boc (past bhoc, future bocaidh, verbal noun bocadh, past participle bocte)

bhoc (past)
bocaidh (future)
bocadh (noun-from-verb)
bocte (participle past)


cor

coir (genitive singular)
cuir (genitive singular)
cor
chor

From Old Irish cor, verbal noun of fo·ceird (“to set, put”).

Dè do chor?
Cor math.

air chor sam bith

air chor 's gu


carbon

carbon m (genitive singular carboin, no plural)

carboin (genitive singular)
carbon
charbon
càrbon (alternative)


mu

mu (+ dative, triggers lenition, combined with the singular definite article mun)

umam (first-person singular)
umamsa (emphatic first-person singular)
umad (second-person singular)
umadsa (emphatic second-person singular)
uime (masculine singular third-person)
uimesan (emphatic masculine singular third-person)
uimpe (feminine singular third-person)
uimpese (emphatic feminine singular third-person)
umainn (first-person plural)
umainne (emphatic first-person plural)
umaibh (plural second-person)
umaibhse (emphatic plural second-person)
umpa (plural third-person)
umpasan (emphatic plural third-person)

From Old Irish imb. Cognates include Irish um and Manx mysh.

Bha craobhan mu ghàrradh an taighe.

There were trees around the house's yard.

Bha sinn a' bruidhinn mu làithean san sgoil againn.

We were talking about our days at school.

Bidh a' chuairt a' toirt mu thrì uairean.

Dè chuireas mi umam?


bus

bus m (genitive singular buis, plural buis or busan)

buis (genitive singular)
buis (plural)
busan (plural)


bus

bus m (genitive singular bus, plural busaichean)

bus (genitive singular)
busaichean (plural)
bus
bhus


saor

saoire (comparative)
saor (masculine nominative)
saor (feminine nominative)
saora (nominative plural)
saoir (genitive masculine)
saoire (feminine genitive)
saora (genitive plural)
saor (dative masculine)
saoir (dative feminine)
saora (dative plural)
saoir (masculine vocative)
saor (feminine vocative)
saora (plural vocative)

From Old Irish sóer, from Proto-Celtic *su-wiros (“good man”).


saor

saor (past shaor, future saoraidh, verbal noun saoradh, past participle saorte)

shaor (past)
saoraidh (future)
saoradh (noun-from-verb)
saorte (participle past)


saor

saor m (genitive singular saoir, plural saoir)

saoir (genitive singular)
saoir (plural)
saor
shaor
after "an"
t-saor

From Old Irish sáer, from Proto-Celtic *saɸiros, from Proto-Indo-European *sapiros, from *sap- (“skill”).


nam (first-person singular)
nar (first-person plural)
nad (second-person singular)
nur (plural second-person)
nam^(N 1)) (masculine plural third-person)
nam^(N 1)) (feminine plural third-person)

Univerbation of an (“in”) + a (“his/her”).


Na bruidhinn!

don’t (particle used to introduce a negative imperative; triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)

An do rinn iad e Disathairne? – Cha do rinn na!

Did they do it on Saturday? – They certainly did not!

particle used to emphasise a negative reply to a question


am (masculine nominative)
an (masculine)
an (genitive masculine)
an (feminine)
an (feminine nominative)
nam (genitive plural)
a' (masculine)
a' (genitive masculine)
a' (feminine)
a' (feminine nominative)
an (masculine nominative)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

inflection of an (“the”):
genitive singular feminine

inflection of an (“the”):
nominative or dative plural


Univerbation of an (interrogative particle) + do (past tense particle)

univ

Na rinn thu sin?

(colloquial) marks an interrogative in the past tense


ar

From Old Irish ar. Cognates include Irish ár.

ar n-athair.

Tha ar nighean ruadh.

Tha ar n-oilthigh ùr.


ga

Bha sinn ga thuigsinn.

Cha bhi mi ga tachairt.


ge

From Old Irish cía (“although”). Cognate with Irish cé.


am

nominative singular masculine preceding f-

nominative singular masculine preceding b-, m-, p-


am

Form of an (“their”) used before the consonants b-, f-, m- or p-.


am

Form of an (“in”) used before the consonants b-, f-, m- or p-.


am

Form of an (interrogative particle) used before the consonants b-, f-, m- or p-.


am

Form of an (present interrogative copula) used before the consonants b-, f-, m- or p-.


tu

Form of thu (“thou, you”) used after verb forms ending in -n, -s or -dh.


hallo

Borrowed from English hello, halloo, hollo.


meal

head

meal (past mheal, future mealaidh, verbal noun mealadh or mealtainn, past participle mealte)

mheal (past)
mealaidh (future)
mealadh (noun-from-verb)
mealtainn (noun-from-verb)
mealte (participle past)

From Middle Irish melaid (“to consume”), from Old Irish melaid (“to grind”), from Proto-Celtic *meleti (“to grind”), from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-. Doublet of meil.


Daniel

(biblical) Daniel, the twenty-seventh book of the Old Testament


à

à (+ dative, no mutation, before the definite article às)

asam (first-person singular)
asamsa (emphatic first-person singular)
asad (second-person singular)
asadsa (emphatic second-person singular)
às (masculine singular third-person)
às-san (emphatic masculine singular third-person)
aiste (feminine singular third-person)
aistese (emphatic feminine singular third-person)
asainn (first-person plural)
asainne (emphatic first-person plural)
asaibh (plural second-person)
asaibhse (emphatic plural second-person)
asta (plural third-person)
astasan (emphatic plural third-person)

From Old Irish a. Cognates include Irish as and Manx ass.


sine

sine f (genitive singular sine, plural sinean)

sine (genitive singular)
sinean (plural)

From Old Irish sine (“teat, dug, pap”), from Proto-Celtic *sɸenyos, from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn. Cognate with Old Norse speni (“teat”), English spean (“teat (of a cow)”).


sine

From Old Irish sine (“old age, seniority, antiquity”), from sen (“old”).


fan

head

fan (past dh'fhan, future fanaidh, verbal noun fantail or fantainn or fanachd)

dh'fhan (past)
fanaidh (future)
fantail (noun-from-verb)
fantainn (noun-from-verb)
fanachd (noun-from-verb)

From Middle Irish fanaid (“stays, remains, abides”), from Old Irish anaid.


beach

head

beach m (genitive singular beacha, plural beachan)

beacha (genitive singular)
beachan (plural)
beach
bheach

From Old Irish bech, from Proto-Celtic *beko-, *bikos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰik-, *bʰoik-, enlargement of *bʰī-, *bʰei-.


ola

ola f (genitive singular ola, plural olaichean)

ola (genitive singular)
olaichean (plural)
ola
n-ola
h-ola
t-ola

From Old Irish olae, from Latin oleum (“oil”).


los

Inherited from Old Irish los, from Proto-Celtic *lustā, from the Proto-Indo-European root *lew- (“to divide, to split”). Cognate with Welsh llost.


ach

From Old Irish acht (“but, except”), from Proto-Celtic *extos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs-tos.

Thèid mise ach cha tèid thusa.

Cha robh ann ach trì daoine.

There were only three people (literally "there was not there but/except for three people").


ach

Dh'aontaich e ach am biodh adhartas air choireigin ann.

He agreed so that there would be some progress.


drama

drama m (genitive singular drama, plural dramaichean)

drama (genitive singular)
dramaichean (plural)


don

Chaidh i don bhùth.


dis

intolerant of cold, cold-sensitive, nesh


fo

fo (+ dative, triggers lenition, combined with the singular definite article fon)

fodham (first-person singular)
fodhamsa (emphatic first-person singular)
fodhad (second-person singular)
fodhadsa (emphatic second-person singular)
fodha (masculine singular third-person)
fodhasan (emphatic masculine singular third-person)
fòidhpe (feminine singular third-person)
fòidhpese (emphatic feminine singular third-person)
fodhainn (first-person plural)
fodhainne (emphatic first-person plural)
fodhaibh (plural second-person)
fodhaibhse (emphatic plural second-person)
fòdhpa (plural third-person)
fòdhpasan (emphatic plural third-person)

From Old Irish fo. Cognates include Irish faoi and Manx fo.


lite

tlb

(Lewis, Harris, Skye, Ross-shire, Sutherland, Badenoch, Strathspey)

lite (genitive singular)
lit (genitive singular)

From Old Irish littiu f (“porridge, gruel”).


seas

head

seas (past sheas, future seasaidh, verbal noun seasamh, past participle seaste)

sheas (past)
seasaidh (future)
seasamh (noun-from-verb)
seaste (participle past)
seas
sheas
after "an"
t-seas

/ʃɛs̪/ [ʃæs̪]

From earlier seasamh, denominative from the verbal noun seasamh, from Old Irish sessam, verbal noun of sissidir, from Proto-Celtic *sistati, from Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti, reduplicated present of *steh₂-.


ars

"Bu toil leam sin glè mhath," ars ise.

Ars an t-uan, "Cha d' rugadh mis' ach o chionn sia mìosan."

The lamb said, "I was only born six months ago"

Alternative form of arsa (“said”) used before vowels


ros

ros m (genitive singular rois, plural rosan)


ros

From Old Irish ros (“wood, promontory”), from Proto-Celtic *ɸrostos, from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“before”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”).


tartan

tartan m (genitive singular tartain, plural tartain)

tartain (genitive singular)
tartain (plural)
tartan (indefinite nominative singular)
tartain (indefinite nominative plural)
tartain (genitive indefinite singular)
thartan (genitive indefinite plural)
tartan (dative indefinite singular)
tartain (dative indefinite plural)
tartanaibh (dative indefinite plural)
tartan (definite nominative singular)
an tartan (definite nominative singular)
tartain (definite nominative plural)
na tartain (definite nominative plural)
tartain (definite genitive singular)
an tartain (definite genitive singular)
tartan (definite genitive plural)
nan tartan (definite genitive plural)
tartan (dative definite singular)
an tartan (dative definite singular)
tartain (dative definite plural)
na tartain (dative definite plural)
tartanaibh (dative definite plural)
thartain (definite singular vocative)
thartana (definite plural vocative)
tartan
thartan

tartan (woollen cloth with a distinctive pattern)


nach

tha mi (first-person independent present singular)
tha thu (independent present second-person singular)
tha e (independent present singular)
i (independent present singular)
tha sinn (first-person independent plural present)
tha sibh (independent plural present second-person)
tha iad (independent plural present third-person)
bha mi (first-person independent past singular)
bha thu (independent past second-person singular)
bha e (independent past singular)
i (independent past singular)
bha sinn (first-person independent past plural)
bha sibh (independent past plural second-person)
bha iad (independent past plural third-person)
bidh mi (first-person future independent singular)
bidh tu (future independent second-person singular)
bidh e (future independent singular)
i (future independent singular)
bidh sinn (first-person future independent plural)
bidh sibh (future independent plural second-person)
bidh iad (future independent plural third-person)
bithidh mi (emphatic first-person future independent singular)
bithidh tu (emphatic future independent second-person singular)
bithidh e (emphatic future independent singular)
i (emphatic future independent singular)
bithidh sinn (emphatic first-person future independent plural)
bithidh sibh (emphatic future independent plural second-person)
bithidh iad (emphatic future independent plural third-person)
bhithinn (conditional first-person independent singular)
bhiodh tu (conditional independent second-person singular)
bhiodh e (conditional independent singular)
i (conditional independent singular)
bhiodh sinn (conditional first-person independent plural)
bhiomaid (conditional first-person independent plural)
bhiodh sibh (conditional independent plural second-person)
bhiodh iad (conditional independent plural third-person)
bhithinn (conditional emphatic first-person independent singular)
bhitheadh tu (conditional emphatic independent second-person singular)
bhitheadh e (conditional emphatic independent singular)
i (conditional emphatic independent singular)
bhitheadh sinn (conditional emphatic first-person independent plural)
bhitheamaid (conditional emphatic first-person independent plural)
bhitheadh sibh (conditional emphatic independent plural second-person)
bhitheadh iad (conditional emphatic independent plural third-person)
chan eil mi (first-person negative present singular)
chan eil thu (negative present second-person singular)
chan eil e (negative present singular)
i (negative present singular)
chan eil sinn (first-person negative plural present)
chan eil sibh (negative plural present second-person)
chan eil iad (negative plural present third-person)
cha robh mi (first-person negative past singular)
cha robh thu (negative past second-person singular)
cha robh e (negative past singular)
i (negative past singular)
cha robh sinn (first-person negative past plural)
cha robh sibh (negative past plural second-person)
cha robh iad (negative past plural third-person)
cha bhi mi (first-person future negative singular)
cha bhi thu (future negative second-person singular)
cha bhi e (future negative singular)
i (future negative singular)
cha bhi sinn (first-person future negative plural)
cha bhi sibh (future negative plural second-person)
cha bhi iad (future negative plural third-person)
cha bhithinn (conditional first-person negative singular)
cha bhiodh tu (conditional negative second-person singular)
cha bhiodh e (conditional negative singular)
i (conditional negative singular)
cha bhiodh sinn (conditional first-person negative plural)
cha bhiomaid (conditional first-person negative plural)
cha bhiodh sibh (conditional negative plural second-person)
cha bhiodh iad (conditional negative plural third-person)
cha bhithinn (conditional emphatic first-person negative singular)
cha bhitheadh tu (conditional emphatic negative second-person singular)
cha bhitheadh e (conditional emphatic negative singular)
i (conditional emphatic negative singular)
cha bhitheadh sinn (conditional emphatic first-person negative plural)
cha bhitheamaid (conditional emphatic first-person negative plural)
cha bhitheadh sibh (conditional emphatic negative plural second-person)
cha bhitheadh iad (conditional emphatic negative plural third-person)
a bheil mi? (first-person present singular)
a bheil thu? (present second-person singular)
a bheil e (present singular)
i? (present singular)
a bheil sinn? (first-person plural present)
a bheil sibh? (plural present second-person)
a bheil iad? (plural present third-person)
an robh mi? (first-person past singular)
an robh thu? (past second-person singular)
an robh e (past singular)
i? (past singular)
an robh sinn? (first-person past plural)
an robh sibh? (past plural second-person)
an robh iad? (past plural third-person)
am bi mi? (first-person future singular)
am bi thu? (future second-person singular)
am bi e (future singular)
i? (future singular)
am bi sinn? (first-person future plural)
am bi sibh? (future plural second-person)
am bi iad? (future plural third-person)
am bithinn? (conditional first-person singular)
am biodh tu? (conditional second-person singular)
am biodh e (conditional singular)
i? (conditional singular)
am biodh sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
am biomaid? (conditional first-person plural)
am biodh sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
am biodh iad? (conditional plural third-person)
am bithinn? (conditional emphatic first-person singular)
am bitheadh tu? (conditional emphatic second-person singular)
am bitheadh e (conditional emphatic singular)
i? (conditional emphatic singular)
am bitheadh sinn (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
am bitheamaid? (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
am bitheadh sibh? (conditional emphatic plural second-person)
am bitheadh iad? (conditional emphatic plural third-person)
nach eil mi? (first-person present singular)
nach eil thu? (present second-person singular)
nach eil e (present singular)
nach eil sinn? (first-person plural present)
nach eil sibh? (plural present second-person)
nach eil iad? (plural present third-person)
nach robh mi? (first-person past singular)
nach robh thu? (past second-person singular)
nach robh e (past singular)
nach robh sinn? (first-person past plural)
nach robh sibh? (past plural second-person)
nach robh iad? (past plural third-person)
nach bi mi? (first-person future singular)
nach bi thu? (future second-person singular)
nach bi e (future singular)
nach bi sinn? (first-person future plural)
nach bi sibh? (future plural second-person)
nach bi iad? (future plural third-person)
nach bithinn? (conditional first-person singular)
nach biodh tu? (conditional second-person singular)
nach biodh e (conditional singular)
nach biodh sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
nach biomaid? (conditional first-person plural)
nach biodh sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
nach biodh iad? (conditional plural third-person)
nach bithinn? (conditional emphatic first-person singular)
nach bitheadh tu? (conditional emphatic second-person singular)
nach bitheadh e (conditional emphatic singular)
nach bitheadh sinn? (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
nach bitheamaid? (conditional emphatic first-person plural)
nach bitheadh sibh? (conditional emphatic plural second-person)
nach bitheadh iad? (conditional emphatic plural third-person)
bhios mi (first-person singular)
a bhios mi (first-person singular)
bhios tu (second-person singular)
a bhios tu (second-person singular)
bhios e (singular)
a bhios e (singular)
i (singular)
bhios sinn (first-person plural)
a bhios sinn (first-person plural)
bhios sibh (plural second-person)
a bhios sibh (plural second-person)
bhios iad (plural third-person)
a bhios iad (plural third-person)
bhitheas mi (emphatic first-person singular)
a bhitheas mi (emphatic first-person singular)
bhitheas tu (emphatic second-person singular)
a bhitheas tu (emphatic second-person singular)
bhitheas e (emphatic singular)
a bhitheas e (emphatic singular)
i (emphatic singular)
bhitheas sinn (emphatic first-person plural)
a bhitheas sinn (emphatic first-person plural)
bhitheas sibh (emphatic plural second-person)
a bhitheas sibh (emphatic plural second-person)
bhitheas iad (emphatic plural third-person)
a bhitheas iad (emphatic plural third-person)
bitheam (first-person imperative singular)
bi (imperative second-person singular)
biodh e (imperative singular)
i (imperative singular)
biomaid (first-person imperative plural)
bithibh (imperative plural second-person)
biodh iad (imperative plural third-person)
bitheam (emphatic first-person imperative singular)
bi (emphatic imperative second-person singular)
bitheadh e (emphatic imperative singular)
i (emphatic imperative singular)
bitheamaid (emphatic first-person imperative plural)
bithibh (emphatic imperative plural second-person)
bitheadh iad (emphatic imperative plural third-person)
a bhith (noun-from-verb)
is mi (first-person independent present singular)
is tu (independent present second-person singular)
is e (independent present singular)
i (independent present singular)
is sinn (first-person independent plural present)
is sibh (independent plural present second-person)
is iad (independent plural present third-person)
bu mhi (first-person independent past singular)
bu tu (independent past second-person singular)
b' e (independent past singular)
i (independent past singular)
bu sinn (first-person independent past plural)
bu sibh (independent past plural second-person)
b' iad (independent past plural third-person)
bu mhi (conditional first-person independent singular)
bu tu (conditional independent second-person singular)
b' e (conditional independent singular)
i (conditional independent singular)
bu sinn (conditional first-person independent plural)
bu sibh (conditional independent plural second-person)
b' iad (conditional independent plural third-person)
cha mhi (first-person negative present singular)
cha tu (negative present second-person singular)
chan e (negative present singular)
i (negative present singular)
cha sinn (first-person negative plural present)
cha sibh (negative plural present second-person)
chan iad (negative plural present third-person)
cha bu mhi (first-person negative past singular)
cha bu tu (negative past second-person singular)
cha b' e (negative past singular)
i (negative past singular)
cha bu sinn (first-person negative past plural)
cha bu sibh (negative past plural second-person)
cha b' iad (negative past plural third-person)
cha bu mhi (conditional first-person negative singular)
cha bu tu (conditional negative second-person singular)
cha b' e (conditional negative singular)
i (conditional negative singular)
cha bu sinn (conditional first-person negative plural)
cha bu sibh (conditional negative plural second-person)
cha b' iad (conditional negative plural third-person)
am mi? (first-person present singular)
an tu? (present second-person singular)
an e (present singular)
i? (present singular)
an sinn? (first-person plural present)
an sibh? (plural present second-person)
an iad? (plural present third-person)
am bu mhi? (first-person past singular)
am bu tu? (past second-person singular)
am b' e (past singular)
i? (past singular)
am bu sinn? (first-person past plural)
am bu sibh? (past plural second-person)
am b' iad? (past plural third-person)
am bu mhi? (conditional first-person singular)
am bu tu? (conditional second-person singular)
am b' e (conditional singular)
i? (conditional singular)
am bu sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
am bu sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
am b' iad? (conditional plural third-person)
nach mi? (first-person interrogative negative present singular)
nach tu? (interrogative negative present second-person singular)
nach e (interrogative negative present singular)
i? (interrogative negative present singular)
nach sinn? (first-person interrogative negative plural present)
nach sibh? (interrogative negative plural present second-person)
nach iad? (interrogative negative plural present third-person)
nach bu mhi? (first-person interrogative negative past singular)
nach bu tu? (interrogative negative past second-person singular)
nach b' e (interrogative negative past singular)
i? (interrogative negative past singular)
nach bu sinn? (first-person interrogative negative past plural)
nach bu sibh? (interrogative negative past plural second-person)
nach b' iad? (interrogative negative past plural third-person)
nach bu mhi? (conditional first-person interrogative negative singular)
nach bu tu? (conditional interrogative negative second-person singular)
nach b' e (conditional interrogative negative singular)
i? (conditional interrogative negative singular)
nach bu sinn? (conditional first-person interrogative negative plural)
nach bu sibh? (conditional interrogative negative plural second-person)
nach b' iad? (conditional interrogative negative plural third-person)
thathar (independent present)
thatar (independent present)
thathas (independent present)
bhathar (independent past)
bhatar (independent past)
bhathas (independent past)
bithear (future independent)
bitear (future independent)
bitheas (future independent)
bhite (conditional independent)
bhiteadh (conditional independent)
bhithist (conditional independent)
bhithiste (conditional independent)
chan eilear (negative present)
chan eileas (negative present)
cha robhar (negative past)
cha robhas (negative past)
cha bithear (future negative)
cha bitear (future negative)
cha bitheas (future negative)
cha bhite (conditional negative)
cha bhiteadh (conditional negative)
cha bhithist (conditional negative)
cha bhithiste (conditional negative)
am beilear? am beileas? (affirmative interrogative present)
a bheilear? a bheileas? (affirmative interrogative present)
an robhar? an robhas? (affirmative interrogative past)
am bithear? am biteas? (affirmative future interrogative)
am bite? am bithist? (affirmative interrogative)
am bite? am bithiste? (affirmative interrogative)
am biteadht? (affirmative interrogative)
am biteadhte? (affirmative interrogative)
nach eilear? nach eileas? (interrogative negative present)
nach robhar? nach robhas? (interrogative negative past)
nach bite? nach bithist? (interrogative negative)
nach bite? nach bithiste? (interrogative negative)
nach biteadht? (interrogative negative)
nach biteadhte? (interrogative negative)

From Old Irish nach, from Proto-Celtic *ne-kʷe. Cognate with Irish nach.

Nach eil an t-acras ort?

Chunnaic mi i, nach fhaca?

Nach buail thu e?

Used together with the dependent form of a verb to form negative questions.

Bha e ag ràdh nach robh càr aige.

Used together with the dependent form of a verb to form negative subordinate clauses; that ... not


nur

nur (+ dative, triggers eclipsis of a vowel)

of a vowel (triggers-eclipsis)
nam (first-person singular)
nar (first-person plural)
nad (second-person singular)
nur (plural second-person)
nam^(N 1)) (masculine plural third-person)
nam^(N 1)) (feminine plural third-person)

Univerbation of an (“in”) + ur (“your”).


gar

Cò a bhios gar cuideachadh?


gar

gar (past ghar, future garaidh, verbal noun garadh, past participle garte)

ghar (past)
garaidh (future)
garadh (noun-from-verb)
garte (participle past)

From Old Irish gorim, from Proto-Celtic *gʷrenso-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”), from *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”); see also Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”), Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”), Latin formus (“warm”), Ancient Greek θερμός (thermós), English warm.

cog

a' garadh an làmhan ris an teine


tom

head

tom m (genitive singular tuim, plural toman or tomannan)

tuim (genitive singular)
toman (plural)
tomannan (plural)

From Old Irish tom (“bush, tuft; hillock, knoll”).

inh

round hillock or knoll, rising ground, swell, green eminence


snog

snoige (comparative)
snog
shnog
after "an"
t-snog

A bheil thu gu snog?


buil

head

buil f (genitive singular buile, plural builean)

buile (genitive singular)
builean (plural)

From Old Irish *bol, *bel, from Proto-Celtic *bhel, *bhol, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃bʰel-, related to Old Armenian աւել- (awel-, “more”).


tuil

tuil f (genitive singular tuile, plural tuiltean)

tuile (genitive singular)
tuiltean (plural)
tuil
thuil

From Old Irish tuile, verbal noun of Old Irish do·lin.


spot

spot m (genitive singular spoit, plural spotan)

spoit (genitive singular)
spotan (plural)


craic

craic m (genitive singular craic, no plural)


bab

bab m (genitive singular baba, plural baban or babannan)

baba (genitive singular)
baban (plural)
babannan (plural)
bab
bhab

Bithidh sin 'n a bhab air fhad 's is beò e.

That will be a stain on him as long as he lives.


film

film m (genitive singular film, plural filmichean)

film (genitive singular)
filmichean (plural)
film
fhilm

From English film, from Middle English filme, from Old English filmen (“film, membrane, thin skin, foreskin”), from Proto-Germanic *filminją (“thin skin, membrane”), from Proto-Indo-European *pél-mo- (“membrane”), from *pel- (“to cover, skin”).


gum

Tha mi cinnteach gum biodh e toilichte.


sa

From Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”).

inh

sa bhliadhna de dh'aois Chrìost


deur

head

deur m (genitive singular deòir, plural deòir)

deòir (genitive singular)
deòir (plural)

From Old Irish dér, deór (“tear; drop”) (compare Irish deoir), from Proto-Celtic *dakrom (compare Middle Welsh deigr), from Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru-.

deòiridh

melancholy, tearful creature; poor desolate creature

deurach

tearful, weeping; sad, mourning; dropping

Sgìth mise bho na deòir gu bheil mi a' caoineadh.

I am weary from the tears that I have wept.


coma

From Old Irish cummae, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm-smiyo-, from *ḱóm (“beside, with, by”) + *sem- (“one, as one”).

Tha e coma.

'S mi a tha coma dè thachras.

Coma de sin!

Is coma sin

Is coma leam thu

Is coma leis an rìgh Eòghann agus is coma le Eòghann co-dhiù

The king doesn't like Eòghann, but Eòghann doesn't care whether the king likes him or not.

expressing dislike or even hate when used with le


neo-

From Old Irish nem- (compare Irish neamh-, Manx neu-).


Macau

Macau (a city, special administrative region, and peninsula in China, west of Hong Kong)


till

till (past thill, future tillidh, verbal noun tilleadh, past participle tillte)

thill (past)
tillidh (future)
tilleadh (noun-from-verb)
tillte (participle past)

From Middle Irish tillid, alteration of Old Irish fillid (compare Irish fill).

Thill ris.


toit

toit f (genitive singular toite, plural toitean)

toite (genitive singular)
toitean (plural)
toit
thoit

A variant of Middle Irish tútt (“stench”), from Proto-Celtic *tutto, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“hazy, dark”); compare Irish toit.

der

(Benbecula, South Uist, Eriskay, Barra, Tiree, Islay) smoke


being

head

being f (dative singular being or beingidh, genitive singular beinge, plural beingean)

being (dative singular)
beingidh (dative singular)
beinge (genitive singular)
beingean (plural)
being (indefinite nominative singular)
beingean (indefinite nominative plural)
beinge (genitive indefinite singular)
bheingean (genitive indefinite plural)
being (dative indefinite singular)
beingean (dative indefinite plural)
beingibh (dative indefinite plural)
(a') bheing (definite nominative singular)
beingean (definite nominative plural)
na beingean (definite nominative plural)
beinge (definite genitive singular)
na beinge (definite genitive singular)
beingean (definite genitive plural)
nam beingean (definite genitive plural)
(a') bheing (dative definite singular)
beingean (dative definite plural)
na beingean (dative definite plural)
beingibh (dative definite plural)
bheing (definite singular vocative)
bheingean (definite plural vocative)


mart

mart m (genitive singular mairt, plural mairt)

mairt (genitive singular)
mairt (plural)
mart
mhart


seis

seis m (genitive singular seis, plural seisean)

seis (genitive singular)
seisean (plural)

Inherited from Middle Irish *seise, from Old Norse sessi.

Cha d'fhuair Fionn a sheis riamh.

Tha do sheis an taic riut.


cab

cab m (genitive singular caib, plural caban)

caib (genitive singular)
caban (plural)
cab
chab

Dùin do chab!


dad

Ciod e th' ort? Chan eil dad.

anything, ought, (in the negative) nothing


bun

bun m (genitive singular buna or buin, plural buin or bunan)

buna (genitive singular)
buin (genitive singular)
buin (plural)
bunan (plural)
bun
bhun

From Old Irish bun (“the thick end of anything, base, butt, foot”), from Proto-Celtic *bonus. Cognate with Welsh bôn.


each

head

each m (genitive singular eich, plural eich)

eich (genitive singular)
eich (plural)
each (indefinite nominative singular)
eich (indefinite nominative plural)
eich (genitive indefinite singular)
each (genitive indefinite plural)
each (dative indefinite singular)
eich (dative indefinite plural)
eachaibh (dative indefinite plural)
t-each (definite nominative singular)
an t-each (definite nominative singular)
h-eich (definite nominative plural)
na h-eich (definite nominative plural)
eich (definite genitive singular)
an eich (definite genitive singular)
each (definite genitive plural)
nan each (definite genitive plural)
each (dative definite singular)
an each (dative definite singular)
h-eich (dative definite plural)
na h-eich (dative definite plural)
h-eachaibh (dative definite plural)
eich (definite singular vocative)
eacha (definite plural vocative)
each
n-each
h-each
t-each

PIE word
 *h₁éḱwos
From Old Irish ech, from Primitive Irish *ᚓᚊᚐᚄ (*eqas), from Proto-Celtic *ekʷos. Cognates include Irish each and Manx agh.

tha an t-each na throtan

air muin eich

Cò air a tha sibh a' bruidhinn? – Tha sinn a' bruidhinn air eich!

Who/what are you talking about? – None of your business!

Equus caballus
Equus caballus#Translingual


aba

aba m (genitive singular aba, plural abachan)

aba (genitive singular)
abachan (plural)
aba (indefinite nominative singular)
abachan (indefinite nominative plural)
aba (genitive indefinite singular)
abachan (genitive indefinite plural)
aba (dative indefinite singular)
abachan (dative indefinite plural)
t-aba (definite nominative singular)
an t-aba (definite nominative singular)
h-abachan (definite nominative plural)
na h-abachan (definite nominative plural)
aba (definite genitive singular)
an aba (definite genitive singular)
abachan (definite genitive plural)
nan abachan (definite genitive plural)
aba (dative definite singular)
an aba (dative definite singular)
h-abachan (dative definite plural)
na h-abachan (dative definite plural)
aba (definite singular vocative)
abachan (definite plural vocative)
aba
n-aba
h-aba
t-aba
ab (alternative)

From Old Irish abb, from Latin abbās, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).

An nì a nì an dara h-aba subhach, nì e dubhach an t-aba eile.

What makes the one abbot glad makes the other abbot sad.


fad

faid (genitive singular)
faide (genitive singular)

From Old Irish fot, from Proto-Celtic *wazdos, which could be from the same root as *wāstos (“empty”).


fad

A bheil sibh fad an latha ann?


mac

mac m (genitive singular mic, plural mic)

mic (genitive singular)
mic (plural)
mac (indefinite nominative singular)
mic (indefinite nominative plural)
mic (genitive indefinite singular)
mhac (genitive indefinite plural)
mac (dative indefinite singular)
mic (dative indefinite plural)
macaibh (dative indefinite plural)
mac (definite nominative singular)
am mac (definite nominative singular)
mic (definite nominative plural)
na mic (definite nominative plural)
(a') mhic (definite genitive singular)
mac (definite genitive plural)
nam mac (definite genitive plural)
(a') mhac (dative definite singular)
mic (dative definite plural)
na mic (dative definite plural)
macaibh (dative definite plural)
mhic (definite singular vocative)
mhaca (definite plural vocative)
mac
mhac

From Middle Irish mac, from Old Irish macc, from Primitive Irish ᚋᚐᚊᚊᚔ (maqqi, genitive), from Proto-Celtic *makkʷos. Cognates include Irish mac and Manx mac.

mac Dhòmhaill

Used as a prefix for Irish and Scottish patronymic surnames; -son