Canada

Tha Loch Lùthaise ann an Canada.


port

head

port m (genitive singular puirt, plural puirt or portan)

puirt (genitive singular)
puirt (plural)
portan (plural)


loch

loch f (genitive singular locha, plural lochan)

locha (genitive singular)
lochan (plural)

desctree

→ Middle English: lough, loch, louche, luh
English: lough, loch
Scots: loch

From Old Irish loch, from Proto-Celtic *loku, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus.


Gàidhlig

head

Gàidhlig f (genitive singular Gàidhlig or Gàidhlige)

Gàidhlig (genitive singular)
Gàidhlige (genitive singular)

Gàidhlig na h-Èireann (“Irish Gaelic”)

Gàidhlig Mhanainn (“Manx”)

From Old Irish Goídelc. Cognate with Irish Gaeilge and Manx Gaelg.


Alba

na h-Alba (genitive)
Alba (nominative singular)
(na h-)Alba (genitive singular)
(na h-)Albann (archaic) (genitive singular)
Alba (dative singular)
Albainn (archaic dative singular)
Alba (singular vocative)
Alba
n-Alba

→ English: Alba

From Old Irish Albu. Compare with English Albion.

Tha Loch Laomainn ann an Albainn.
Loch Lomond is in Scotland.

Scotland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


allt

allt m (genitive singular uillt, plural uillt)

uillt (genitive singular)
uillt (plural)

From Middle Irish alt, from Old Irish alt (“shore, cliff”), from Proto-Celtic *altos (“cliff”).
Cognates in the Celtic languages include Irish alt (“height, glenside, cliff”), Cornish als (“cliff”), and Breton aot (“shore”). MacBain suggests the Scottish Gaelic form and meaning has a Pictish origin.

Tha an t-allt a' ruith.


sliabh

sliabh m (genitive singular slèibh, plural slèibhtean)

slèibh (genitive singular)
slèibhtean (plural)
sliabh
shliabh
after "an"
t-sliabh

From Old Irish slíab, from Proto-Celtic *sleibos.


muir

muir m or f (genitive singular mara, plural marannan)

mara (genitive singular)
marannan (plural)
muir (indefinite nominative singular)
marannan (indefinite nominative plural)
mara (genitive indefinite singular)
mharannan (genitive indefinite plural)
muir (dative indefinite singular)
marannan (dative indefinite plural)
muiribh (dative indefinite plural)
(a') mhuir (definite nominative singular)
marannan (definite nominative plural)
na marannan (definite nominative plural)
mara (definite genitive singular)
na mara (definite genitive singular)
marannan (definite genitive plural)
nam marannan (definite genitive plural)
(a') mhuir (dative definite singular)
marannan (dative definite plural)
na marannan (dative definite plural)
muiribh (dative definite plural)
mhuir (definite singular vocative)
mhara (definite plural vocative)
mharannan (definite plural vocative)
muir
mhuir

PIE word
 *móri
From Old Irish muir, from Proto-Celtic *mori (compare Welsh môr), from Proto-Indo-European *móri (compare Latin mare, English mere, German Meer, Dutch meer).

bu dual do dh'isean an ròin a dhol chun na mara

Lean mi thar na mara thu.

air muir 's air tìr


caol

caol m (genitive singular caoil, plural caoiltean)

caoil (genitive singular)
caoiltean (plural)
caol
chaol

→ English: kyle

From Middle Irish cáel, from Old Irish coíl, from Proto-Celtic *koilos (“thin”) (compare Cornish and Welsh cul).


cala

cala m (genitive singular cala, plural calaidhean)

cala (genitive singular)
calaidhean (plural)
cala
chala

From Old Irish calad (“shore, port, landing-place; land (as opposed to sea)”), from Late Latin calatum.


ceap

head

ceap m (genitive singular cip, plural cip or ceapan or ceapannan)

cip (genitive singular)
cip (plural)
ceapan (plural)
ceapannan (plural)
ceap
cheap

From Middle Irish cepp (“tree stump; stock”), from Latin cippus (“stake”).


lochan

lochan m (genitive singular lochain, plural lochanan)

lochain (genitive singular)
lochanan (plural)

loch (“lake”) + -an; compare Irish lochán

Thuit mo mhac anns an lochan.


cuan

cuan m (genitive singular cuain, plural cuantan or cuaintean or cuanta)

cuain (genitive singular)
cuantan (plural)
cuaintean (plural)
cuanta (plural)

From Middle Irish cúan (“bay, gulf, harbor”), from Proto-Celtic *kawnos, from Proto-Indo-European *kapnós, from *keh₂p- (“to grasp”).


cladach

cladach m (genitive singular cladaich, plural cladaichean)

cladaich (genitive singular)
cladaichean (plural)
cladach
chladach


cathair

cathair f (genitive singular cathrach, plural cathraichean)

cathrach (genitive singular)
cathraichean (plural)


creag

creag f (dative singular creag or creig, genitive singular creige, plural creagan)

creag (dative singular)
creig (dative singular)
creige (genitive singular)
creagan (plural)
creag
chreag

From Middle Irish crec, a contracted form of Old Irish carrac, from Proto-Celtic *karsekki, from Proto-Indo-European *kars- (“to scrape roughly”), similar to English harsh. Alternatively, the Old Irish is from Proto-Celtic *karrikā, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂er- (“hard”) (compare Manx carrick, Welsh carreg).


abhainn

head

abhainn f (genitive singular aibhne, plural aibhnichean)

aibhne (genitive singular)
aibhnichean (plural)
abhainn
n-abhainn

From Old Irish aub, from Proto-Celtic *abū (compare Welsh afon), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“water”). The form abhainn was originally the dative singular of abha, but is now widely used as the nominative/accusative as well.


Suain

an t-Suain (canonical feminine)
Suaine (genitive)


Grèig

A' Ghrèig (canonical feminine)
na Grèige (genitive)


Stàitean Aonaichte

Na Stàitean Aonaichte (canonical feminine plural)


Suòmaidh

Suòmaidh
Shuòmaidh
after "an"
t-Suòmaidh


Rìoghachd Aonaichte

An Rìoghachd Aonaichte f (genitive Na Rìoghachd Aonaichte)

An Rìoghachd Aonaichte (canonical feminine)
Na Rìoghachd Aonaichte (genitive)

/ˈrˠiə.əxk ˈɯːnɪçtʲə/

Rìoghachd Aonaichte na Breatainn Mhòr agus Eirinn a Tuath


An Rìoghachd Aonaichte na Breatainn Mhòr agus Eirinn a Tuath f

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland


Breatainn Mhòr

Breatainn Mhòr f (genitive Na Breatainne Mòire)


Spàinn

An Spàinn (canonical feminine)
na Spàinne (genitive)

From Old Irish Espáin, from Latin Hispānia.

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Stàitean Aonaichte na h-Aimeireaga

Na Stàitean Aonaichte na h-Aimeireaga f pl

Na Stàitean Aonaichte na h-Aimeireaga (canonical feminine plural)

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


Gearmailt

a' Ghearmailt f (genitive na Gearmailte)

a' Ghearmailt (canonical feminine)
na Gearmailte (genitive)

/ə ˈʝaˈɾamaʎtʲ/

[ə ˈʝæˈɾamaʎtʲ]

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Cuimrigh

A' Chuimrigh (genitive Cuimrigh or Cuimrighe)

A' Chuimrigh (canonical)
Cuimrigh (genitive)
Cuimrighe (genitive)
Cuimrigh
Chuimrigh

Wales (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Eilean Mhanainn

Eilean Mhanainn m (genitive Eilein Mhanainn)

Isle of Man (an island and Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea)


eilean

eilean m (genitive singular eilein, plural eileanan)

eilein (genitive singular)
eileanan (plural)
eilean
n-eilean


Sasainn

Sasainne (genitive)
Sasainn
Shasainn
after "an"
t-Sasainn

From Old Irish Saxain (“Saxons, England”), from Saxa (“Saxon”). Compare Irish Sasana and Manx Sostyn.


Eadailt

an Eadailt (canonical feminine)
Eadailte (genitive)

From Old Irish Etáil (whence also Irish Iodáil and Manx Iddaal), from Latin Ītalia.


Fraing

an Fhraing (canonical feminine)
na Frainge (genitive)
Fraing
Fhraing

/ə ˈɾãĩŋʲkʲ/

From Middle Irish Frainc, from Latin Francia.


Innis Tìle

From innis (“island”) + Tìle, from Old Norse Týli (“Thule”), referring to the legendary northernmost island mentioned in Ancient Greek and Roman sources.


Lochlann

From Middle Irish Lochlann, a folk etymology (equivalent to loch (“loch”) + -lann (“place of”)) of Old Irish Lothlind, a name with disputed origins.


Breatainn

a' Bhreatainn f (genitive na Breatainne)

a' Bhreatainn (canonical feminine)
na Breatainne (genitive)
Breatainn
Bhreatainn

/ˈpɾʲɛht̪ɪɲ/


Còrn

A' Chòrn (canonical feminine)
Còirn (genitive)
Còrn
Chòrn


Breatainn Bheag

A' Bhreatainn Bheag f (genitive Na Breatainn Bhig)

A' Bhreatainn Bheag (canonical feminine)
Na Breatainn Bhig (genitive)

administrative region
administrative region

Brittany (an administrative region, historical province, and peninsula in northwest France)


coire

coire m (genitive singular coire, plural coireachan)

coire (genitive singular)
coireachan (plural)

From Middle Irish coire, from Proto-Celtic *kʷaryos.


Muir Mheadhanach

A' Mhuir Mheadhanach (canonical feminine)


Muir a Tuath

North Sea (A marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Britain (in the west), Scandinavia (in the east) and Germany, Netherlands, Belgium and France (in the south))


Cuan Sèimh

An Cuan Sèimh m (genitive a' Chuain Shèimh)

An Cuan Sèimh (canonical masculine)
a' Chuain Shèimh (genitive)


Eileanan Siar

Na h-Eileanan Siar (canonical masculine plural)


Inns nam Gall

Na h-Inns nam Gall (canonical feminine plural)


Poll a' Ghrùthain

/ˈpʰɔuɫ̪ˈaˈɣɾuːhən/

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Liverpool (a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England)


cuan mòr

cuan mòr m (genitive singular cuain-mhòir, plural cuainean-mòra)

cuain-mhòir (genitive singular)
cuainean-mòra (plural)


Lunnainn

From Old English Lunden, from Latin Londīnium. Compare Irish Londain.

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Obar Dheathain

/ˌopəɾˈʝɛ.ɪn/


Caisteal Nuadh

/ˈkʰaʃtʰʲəɫ̪ˈnuəɣ/

Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne#English

Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne (a large city and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, in northeastern England)

Newcastle (a large city in New South Wales, Australia)


Glaschu

From Proto-Brythonic *glas cu (“green hollow”), from *glas (“green”) + *cöü (“hollow”) (for this element see Irish cuas (“hollow”), Welsh cau (“hollow”)).

der

Glasgow (a major city and council area of Scotland, largest city in Scotland)


Roinn-Eòrpa

an Roinn-Eòrpa (canonical feminine)
Roinn-Eòrpa (genitive)


Astràilia

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Leòdhas

→ English: Lewis

Perhaps from Old Norse ljóða hús (literally “song house”), though that may be a folk etymology.

bor

Na h-Eileanan Siar
Na h-Eileanan Siar#English

Lewis (an island in Na h-Eileanan Siar council area, Scotland)


Eilean Sgitheanach

head

An t-Eilean Sgitheanach m (genitive an Eilein Sgitheanaich)

An t-Eilean Sgitheanach (canonical masculine)
an Eilein Sgitheanaich (genitive)

the Isle of Skye (an island in Highland council area, Scotland)


àth

àth m (genitive singular àth, plural àthan)

From Old Irish áth (compare Manx aah, Irish áth), from Proto-Celtic *yātus (“ford”).


Iosrael

From Old Irish Isra(h)él (“Israel”), from Latin Isrāēl, Isrāhēl, from Ancient Greek Ἰσραήλ (Israḗl), from Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él, “Israel”).

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Danmhairg

An Danmhairg (canonical feminine)
Danmhairg
Dhanmhairg


gleann

gleann m (genitive singular glinne, plural gleanntan or glinn)

glinne (genitive singular)
gleanntan (plural)
glinn (plural)
gleann
ghleann

From Old Irish glenn, from Proto-Celtic *glendos. Cognate with Welsh glan (“brink, shore”) and Breton glann (“river bank”). Stokes compares Middle High German klinnen, Swiss German klänen (“to climb”), and Old Norse klunna (“cling to”).

Gleann Mòr na Sìthe


tràigh

tràigh f (genitive singular tràighe or tràgha or tràghad, plural tràighean or tràinnean)

tràighe (genitive singular)
tràgha (genitive singular)
tràghad (genitive singular)
tràighean (plural)
tràinnean (plural)
tràigh (indefinite nominative singular)
tràighean (indefinite nominative plural)
tràghad (genitive indefinite singular)
thràighean (genitive indefinite plural)
tràigh (dative indefinite singular)
tràighean (dative indefinite plural)
tràigh (definite nominative singular)
an tràigh (definite nominative singular)
tràighean (definite nominative plural)
na tràighean (definite nominative plural)
tràghad (definite genitive singular)
na tràghad (definite genitive singular)
tràighean (definite genitive plural)
nan tràighean (definite genitive plural)
tràigh (dative definite singular)
an tràigh (dative definite singular)
tràighean (dative definite plural)
na tràighean (dative definite plural)
thràigh (definite singular vocative)
thràighean (definite plural vocative)

From Old Irish tráig (“strand, shore, ebb-tide”).

inh

buain am maorach nuair a tha an tràigh ann

Bidh sinn a' cluiche ball-bholaidh air an tràigh a h-uile Dihaoine.

We play volleyball on the beach every Friday.


Seic

An t-Seic (canonical feminine)
Seic
Sheic
after "an"
t-Seic

From Polish Czech, from Czech Čech, ultimately a variation and contraction of Proto-Slavic *čelověkъ (“human”).

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe)


innis

head

innis f (genitive singular innse, plural innsean or innseachan)

innse (genitive singular)
innsean (plural)
innseachan (plural)

→ Scots: inch

→ English: inch (“small island”)

(Ross-shire, Sutherland) A low-lying and sheltered place, where cows are gathered to be milked and where they lie out at night.


Airmìnia

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


bogach

bogach f (genitive singular bogaich, plural bogaichean)

bogaich (genitive singular)
bogaichean (plural)
bogach
bhogach

From Old Irish bocach (“bog, moor, marsh”). By surface analysis, bog (“soft, yielding”) + -ach.


canàl

head

canàl m (genitive singular canàil, plural canàlan)

canàil (genitive singular)
canàlan (plural)


Ungair

an Ungair (canonical feminine)
na h-Ungaire (genitive)
Ungair
nUngair


Dùn Èideann

→ English: Dunedin

→ Irish: Dún Éideann

→ Manx: Doon Edin

/ˈt̪uːnˈeːtʲən̪ˠ/

From Old Welsh Din Eidyn (first attested in the poem Y Gododdin from no earlier than the 7th century), or from an older or geographically closer Brythonic language, such as Cumbric [Term?] or Pictish [Term?].

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)

Edinburgh, Edinburgh (a council area of Scotland)


sruth

sruth m (genitive singular sruith or srutha, plural sruthan)

sruith (genitive singular)
srutha (genitive singular)
sruthan (plural)
sruth (indefinite nominative singular)
sruthan (indefinite nominative plural)
sruith (genitive indefinite singular)
shruthan (genitive indefinite plural)
sruth (dative indefinite singular)
sruthan (dative indefinite plural)
sruthaibh (dative indefinite plural)
sruth (definite nominative singular)
an sruth (definite nominative singular)
sruthan (definite nominative plural)
na sruthan (definite nominative plural)
t-sruith (definite genitive singular)
an t-sruith (definite genitive singular)
sruthan (definite genitive plural)
nan sruthan (definite genitive plural)
t-sruth (dative definite singular)
an t-sruth (dative definite singular)
sruthan (dative definite plural)
na sruthan (dative definite plural)
sruthaibh (dative definite plural)
shruith (definite singular vocative)
shruthan (definite plural vocative)
sruth (indefinite nominative singular)
sruthan (indefinite nominative plural)
srutha (genitive indefinite singular)
shruthan (genitive indefinite plural)
srutha (dative indefinite singular)
sruthan (dative indefinite plural)
sruth (definite nominative singular)
an sruth (definite nominative singular)
sruthan (definite nominative plural)
na sruthan (definite nominative plural)
t-srutha (definite genitive singular)
an t-srutha (definite genitive singular)
sruthan (definite genitive plural)
nan sruthan (definite genitive plural)
t-srutha (dative definite singular)
an t-srutha (dative definite singular)
sruthan (dative definite plural)
na sruthan (dative definite plural)
shruth (definite singular vocative)
shruthan (definite plural vocative)

From Old Irish sruth (“stream, river, current”), from Proto-Celtic *srutom, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“flow, stream”). Cognate with Welsh ffrwd and maybe the Gaulish hydronym Phroudis.


sruth

head

sruth (past sruth, future sruthaidh, verbal noun sruthadh, past participle sruthte)

sruth (past)
sruthaidh (future)
sruthadh (noun-from-verb)
sruthte (participle past)
shruth mi (first-person independent past singular)
shruth thu (independent past second-person singular)
shruth e (independent past singular)
i (independent past singular)
shruth sinn (first-person independent past plural)
shruth sibh (independent past plural second-person)
shruth iad (independent past plural third-person)
shruthadh (impersonal independent past)
sruthaidh mi (first-person future independent singular)
sruthaidh tu (future independent second-person singular)
sruthaidh e (future independent singular)
i (future independent singular)
sruthaidh sinn (first-person future independent plural)
sruthaidh sibh (future independent plural second-person)
sruthaidh iad (future independent plural third-person)
srutharsruthtar (future impersonal independent)
shruthainn (conditional first-person independent singular)
shruthadh tu (conditional independent second-person singular)
shruthadh e (conditional independent singular)
i (conditional independent singular)
shruthamaidshruthadh sinn (conditional first-person independent plural)
shruthadh sibh (conditional independent plural second-person)
shruthadh iad (conditional independent plural third-person)
cha do shruth mi (first-person negative past singular)
cha do shruth thu (negative past second-person singular)
cha do shruth e (negative past singular)
i (negative past singular)
cha do shruth sinn (first-person negative past plural)
cha do shruth sibh (negative past plural second-person)
cha do shruth iad (negative past plural third-person)
cha do shruthadh (impersonal negative past)
cha shruth mi (first-person future negative singular)
cha shruth thu (future negative second-person singular)
cha shruth e (future negative singular)
i (future negative singular)
cha shruth sinn (first-person future negative plural)
cha shruth sibh (future negative plural second-person)
cha shruth iad (future negative plural third-person)
cha shrutharcha shruthtar (future impersonal negative)
cha shruthainn (conditional first-person negative singular)
cha shruthadh tu (conditional negative second-person singular)
cha shruthadh e (conditional negative singular)
i (conditional negative singular)
cha shruthamaidcha shruthadh sinn (conditional first-person negative plural)
cha shruthadh sibh (conditional negative plural second-person)
cha shruthadh iad (conditional negative plural third-person)
an do shruth mi? (first-person past singular)
an do shruth thu? (past second-person singular)
an do shruth e (past singular)
i? (past singular)
an do shruth sinn? (first-person past plural)
an do shruth sibh? (past plural second-person)
an do shruth iad? (past plural third-person)
an do shruthadh? (impersonal past)
an sruth mi? (first-person future singular)
an sruth thu? (future second-person singular)
an sruth e (future singular)
i? (future singular)
an sruth sinn? (first-person future plural)
an sruth sibh? (future plural second-person)
an sruth iad? (future plural third-person)
an sruthar?an sruthtar? (future impersonal)
an sruthainn? (conditional first-person singular)
an sruthadh tu? (conditional second-person singular)
an sruthadh e (conditional singular)
i? (conditional singular)
an sruthamaid?an sruthadh sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
an sruthadh sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
an sruthadh iad? (conditional plural third-person)
nach do shruth mi? (first-person past singular)
nach do shruth thu? (past second-person singular)
nach do shruth e (past singular)
nach do shruth sinn? (first-person past plural)
nach do shruth sibh? (past plural second-person)
nach do shruth iad? (past plural third-person)
nach do shruthadh? (impersonal past)
nach sruth mi? (first-person future singular)
nach sruth thu? (future second-person singular)
nach sruth e (future singular)
nach sruth sinn? (first-person future plural)
nach sruth sibh? (future plural second-person)
nach sruth iad? (future plural third-person)
nach sruthar?nach sruthtar? (future impersonal)
nach sruthainn? (conditional first-person singular)
nach sruthadh tu? (conditional second-person singular)
nach sruthadh e (conditional singular)
nach sruthamaid?nach sruthadh sinn? (conditional first-person plural)
nach sruthadh sibh? (conditional plural second-person)
nach sruthadh iad? (conditional plural third-person)
shruthas mi (affirmative first-person singular)
ma shruthas mi (affirmative first-person singular)
shruthas thu (affirmative second-person singular)
ma shruthas thu (affirmative second-person singular)
shruthas e (affirmative singular)
ma shruthas e (affirmative singular)
i (affirmative singular)
shruthas sinn (affirmative first-person plural)
ma shruthas sinn (affirmative first-person plural)
shruthas sibh (affirmative plural second-person)
ma shruthas sibh (affirmative plural second-person)
shruthas iad (affirmative plural third-person)
ma shruthas iad (affirmative plural third-person)
shruthar (affirmative impersonal)
ma shruthar (affirmative impersonal)
sruth mi (first-person negative singular)
mur sruth mi (first-person negative singular)
sruth thu (negative second-person singular)
mur sruth thu (negative second-person singular)
sruth e (negative singular)
mur sruth e (negative singular)
i (negative singular)
sruth sinn (first-person negative plural)
mur sruth sinn (first-person negative plural)
sruth sibh (negative plural second-person)
mur sruth sibh (negative plural second-person)
sruth iad (negative plural third-person)
mur sruth iad (negative plural third-person)
sruthar sruthtar (impersonal negative)
srutharmur sruthtar (impersonal negative)
murr sruthtar (impersonal negative)
murrmur sruthtar (impersonal negative)
srutham (first-person imperative singular)
sruth (imperative second-person singular)
sruthadh e (imperative singular)
i (imperative singular)
sruthamaid (first-person imperative plural)
sruthaibh (imperative plural second-person)
sruthadh iad (imperative plural third-person)
srutharsruthtar (imperative impersonal)
sruth (stem)
sruthadh (noun-from-verb)
sruthte (participle past)
sruth
shruth
after "an"
t-sruth


Ì

Iona (a small island in the Inner Hebrides, Scotland).


Steòrnabhagh

/ˈʃtʲɔːrˠn̪ˠəvaɣ/

From Old Norse Stjórnavágr (literally “rudder bay”).

bor

Stornoway (a town on the Isle of Lewis in Western Isles council area, Scotland).


Inbhir Nis

/ˌiɲɪɾʲˈɲiʃ/

/ˌĩnɔɻ ˈɳĩʃ/

East Sutherland, Easter Ross, North Inverness-shire, Strathspey

Inverness (a city in and the administrative centre of Highland council area, Scotland).


Spàinnt

An Spàinnt (canonical feminine)
na Spàinnte (genitive)

From Old Irish Espáin, from Latin Hispānia.


Alba Nuadh

Alba (“Scotland”) + nuadh (“new”), a calque of Latin Nova Scotia.


Cuan Innseanach

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An Cuan Innseanach m (genitive a' Chuain Innseanach)

An Cuan Innseanach (canonical masculine)
a' Chuain Innseanach (genitive)


Cuan a Tuath

An Cuan a Tuath m (genitive a' Chuain a Tuath)

An Cuan a Tuath (canonical masculine)
a' Chuain a Tuath (genitive)


Cuan Siar

An Cuan Siar m (genitive a' Chuain Shiar)

An Cuan Siar (canonical masculine)
a' Chuain Shiar (genitive)

/ə ˌŋ̊ɡ̥uən ˈʃiəɾ/


sgeir

sgeir f (genitive singular sgeire, plural sgeirean)

sgeire (genitive singular)
sgeirean (plural)

From dialectal Scots (Shetlandic and Orcadian) skerry, from Old Norse sker (whence Danish skær, Norwegian Bokmål skjær), and English skerry.


Manainn

From Old Irish Manainn, dative form of Mana (“Man, Anglesey”).

Man, Isle of Man (an island and Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea)


Ulaidh

From Old Irish Ulaid m pl (“Ulidians, Ulstermen”).


fo-abhainn

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fo-abhainn f (genitive singular fo-aibhne, plural fo-aibhnichean)

fo-aibhne (genitive singular)
fo-aibhnichean (plural)
fo-abhainn
fho-abhainn

From fo- (“subsidiary”) + abhainn (“river”).


Eilbheis

an Eilbheis (canonical feminine)
Eilbheise (genitive)
Eilbheis
n-Eilbheis

Ultimately from Latin Helvētia. Compare Irish Eilvéis, Manx Elveeish.

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Peairt

English: Perth

Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross#English

Perth (a city in Perth and Kinross council area, Scotland, historically in Perthshire).

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

Perth (the state capital of Western Australia).


Dùn Dèagh

Dhùn Dèagh (genitive)
Dùn Dèagh
Dhùn Dèagh


leth-eilean

leth-eilean m (genitive singular leth-eilein, plural leth-eileanan)

leth-eilein (genitive singular)
leth-eileanan (plural)


Pòlainn

A' Phòlainn (canonical feminine)
na Pòlainne (genitive)
Pòlainn
Phòlainn


Ultach

From Old Irish ultach, ulltach (“belonging to the Ulaid; one of the Ulaid; a Ulidian, an Ultonian”).


Ultach

Ultach m (genitive singular Ultaich, plural Ultaich)

Ultaich (genitive singular)
Ultaich (plural)
Ultach
n-Ultach


Mosgo

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)

Moscow (an oblast of Russia, surrounding the city of Moscow)


acarsaid

acarsaid f (genitive singular acarsaide, plural acarsaidean)

acarsaide (genitive singular)
acarsaidean (plural)
acarsaid
n-acarsaid

From Middle Irish accarsóit (“anchorage”), borrowed from Old Norse [Term?].

(nautical) port, harbour, haven; anchorage, mooring


Ruis

an Ruis (canonical feminine)
Ruise (genitive)

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Èirinn

Èirinn (nominative singular)
(na h-)Èireann (genitive singular)
Èirinn (dative singular)
Èirinn (singular vocative)
Èirinn
n-Èirinn

From Middle Irish Érinn, the dative of Ériu, from Old Irish Ériu. Cognates include Irish Éire and Manx Nerin.


Hearadh

→ English: Harris

Probably from Old Norse herað (literally “district”), or perhaps Old Norse hærri (literally “higher”).

Harris (an island in Na h-Eileanan Siar council area, Scotland)


srath

srath m (genitive singular sratha, plural srathan)

sratha (genitive singular)
srathan (plural)

→ English: strath

From Old Irish srath (“grassland”), from Proto-Celtic *stratos (“valley”). Probably influenced in meaning by a Brythonic/Pictish cognate, compare Welsh ystrad (“river valley”).


Beilg

a’ Bheilg (canonical feminine)
na Beilge (genitive)
Beilg
Bheilg

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Machraichean Mòra

Na Machraichean Mòra (canonical feminine masculine plural)

(Canada) Canadian Prairies (a region in western Canada)


sruth-chlais

sruth-chlais f (genitive singular sruth-chlaise, plural sruth-chlaisean)

sruth-chlaise (genitive singular)
sruth-chlaisean (plural)


bàgh

bàgh f (genitive singular bàigh, plural bàigh or bàghan)

bàigh (genitive singular)
bàigh (plural)
bàghan (plural)
bàgh
bhàgh

Most likely from Old Norse vágr (“inlet, bay”)

Seo Bàgh a' Chaisteil.


Muile

Mull (an island in Inner Hebrides, Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland).


Earra-Ghàidheal

/ɛrˠə ˈɣɛː.əl̪ˠ/

/aɾ ˈɣɛː.əl̪ˠ/


Cròthais

a' Chròthais (canonical feminine)
na Cròthaise (genitive)
Cròthais
Chròthais

Ultimately from Latin Croātia (“Croatia”), itself from *xъrvatъ (“Croat”). Compare Irish An Chróit and Serbo-Croatian Hrvatska.

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Croatia (a country in Southeast Europe, in the Balkans)


Poblachd na Cròthaise

Poblachd na Cròthaise f (genitive na Poblachd na Cròthaise)

na Poblachd na Cròthaise (genitive)
Poblachd na Cròthaise
Phoblachd na Cròthaise

/pɔbl̪ˠəxɡ nəˈkrɔː.ɪʃ/

Tha Zagreb mòr-bhaile anns am Poblachd na Cròthaise.

Zagreb is a city in the Republic of Croatia.


Eabhraig

From Old Irish Ebhroc, borrowed from Proto-Brythonic *Eβrọg.


Hiort

St Kilda (an archipelago in the westernmost part of the Outer Hebrides, Scotland)


Barraigh

→ English: Barra

Perhaps from Old Irish Fionnbharr and Old Norse ey (literally “St Finbar's island”)

bor

Barra (an island in Western Isles council area, Outer Hebrides, Scotland).


Sruighlea

Sruighlea
Shruighlea
after "an"
t-Sruighlea


Sealtainn

Sealtainn
Shealtainn
after "an"
t-Sealtainn

/ˈʃɛl̪ˠt̪ɪɲ/

From Middle Scots Ȝetland, from Old Norse Hjaltland, a compound of hjalt (“hilt”) and land (“land”).


Arcaibh

Originally a dative plural; probably via Pictish from Proto-Celtic *ɸorkos (“piglet”), from Proto-Indo-European *pórḱos. Compare Latin Orcades (the oldest attested name).


Ìle

→ English: Islay

Unknown. First attested as Old Irish Ilea, Ile, probably from a pre-Indo-European substrate language.

Islay (southernmost island of the Inner Hebrides in Scotland).


Inbhir Àir

Ayr (a town in South Ayrshire council area, Scotland).


Èirisgeigh

/ˈeɾʲɪʃkʲej/

/ˈeɾʲɪʃkʲaj/

From Old Norse Eiríksey (literally “Erik's island”).

Eriskay (an island and community council area in Western Isles council area, Outer Hebrides, Scotland, between South Uist and Barra).


Uibhist

→ English: Uist

Of uncertain but probably Old Norse origin.

Uist (an archipelago in Western Isles council area, Outer Hebrides, Scotland)


Port Rìgh

/pʰɔrˠʃt̪ˈrˠiː/

Either port + rìgh (“king's port”), possibly after James V, or a corruption of port + ruighe (“port of the flat land at the foot of a hill”). Prior to the 16th century the area was known as Cill Targhlain.

Portree (The largest town on the Isle of Skye, Highland council area, Scotland) (OS grid ref NG4843).


Sealainn Nuadh

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


Afraga a Deas

South Africa (a country in Southern Africa)


Iapan

Japan (an archipelago and country in Asia)


Tiriodh

/ˈt͡ʃʰiɾʲəɣ/

From Old Norse Týrvist (literally “Tyr’s abode”).

Tiree (an island in the Inner Hebrides, Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland) (OS grid refs NL94, NM04).


geamannan Gàidhealach

geamannan Gàidhealach
gheamannan Gàidhealach


Ceap Breatainn

/kʲʰɛhp ˈpɾʲɛht̪ɪɲ/

ceap (“cape”) + Breatainn (“Britain”); a partial calque of English Cape Breton and French Cap-Breton.

Cape Breton Island
Cape Breton Island#English

Cape Breton (a cape in Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada)

Cape Breton Island (an isalnd in Nova Scotia, Canada)


An Gearasdan

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An Gearasdan m (genitive A' Ghearasdain)

[əɲˈɟɛɾəs̪t̪an]

Fort William (a town in Highland council area, Scotland)


Sròn Reamhar

an t-Sròn Reamhar f (genitive na Sròine Reamhaire)

an t-Sròn Reamhar (canonical feminine)
na Sròine Reamhaire (genitive)
Sròn Reamhar
Shròn Reamhar
after "an"
t-Sròn Reamhar

English: Stranraer

Scots: Stranrawer

/ən̪ˠ ˌt̪ʰɾɔːn ˈrˠãũ.əɾ/

[ən̪ˠ ˌd̪(ʰ)ɾɔːn ˈrˠãũ.əɾ]

Dumfries and Galloway
Dumfries and Galloway#English

Stranraer (a town in western Dumfries and Galloway council area, Scotland).


Tobar Mhoire

/ˈt̪ʰopəɾ ˈvɔɾʲə/

Tobermory (a village, the main settlement on the island of Mull in Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland).


Diùra

→ English: Jura

]
From Old Norse Dýrey (literally “animal island”), from dýr + ey.

bor

Jura (an island in Inner Hebrides, Scotland).


Beinn na Faoghla

→ English: Benbecula

/ˌb̥eɲ ə ˈvɤːl̪ˠə/

Benbecula (An island in the Outer Hebrides, in Western Isles council area, Scotland).


Eilean Arainn

Arran (a large island in the Firth of Clyde, North Ayrshire council area, Scotland).


Lios Mòr

/ˌʎis̪ ˈmoːɾ/

Lismore (an island in Inner Hebrides, Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland)


Lèiruig

From Norn Larvik, from Old Norse Leirvík, from leir (“clay”) + vík (“bay”).

Shetland Islands
Shetland Islands#English

Lerwick (a town in and the administrative centre of the Shetland Islands council area, Scotland).


Baile na h-Eaglaise

Baile na h-Eaglaise
Bhaile na h-Eaglaise

/ˌpalə nə ˈheɡl̪ˠɪʃə/

Literally “church town”, altered by folk etymology from Balla na h-Eaglaise (literally “church wall”), a calque of English Kirkwall, itself altered by folk etymology from Scots Kirkwaa, from Norn Kirkavå (literally “church bay”), from Old Norse Kirkjuvágr.

Kirkwall (a town in and the administrative centre of the Orkney Islands council area, Scotland).


Bhatarsaigh

→ English: Vatersay

Perhaps from Old Norse vatns ey (literally “water island”), though that may be a folk etymology.

Vatersay (an island in Western Isles council area, Outer Hebrides, Scotland).


Braisil

From Portuguese Brasil, from brasil (“brazilwood”), originally ‘red like an ember’, from brasa (“ember”).

Càite am faicear Eas Iguazu: ann am Braisil no Argentina?

Where to see Iguazu Falls: in Brazil or Argentina?

Brazil (A large Portuguese-speaking country in South America)


Beàrnaraigh

/ˈb̥ɛarˠn̪ˠəɾej/

From Old Norse Bjarnarey (literally “bear island”).

Berneray (an island and community council area in Western Isles council area, Outer Hebrides, Scotland, between Harris and North Uist).

Great Bernera (an island and community council area in Western Isles council area, Outer Hebrides, Scotland, near Uig, Lewis).

Barra Head (an island in Western Isles council area, Outer Hebrides, Scotland, south of Barra and Mingulay).


Ròimh

From Old Irish Róm, Róim, from Latin Rōma.


Maoldòmhnaich

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Maoldòmhnaich (genitive Mhaoldòmhnaich, vocative a Mhaoldòmhnaich)

Mhaoldòmhnaich (genitive)
a Mhaoldòmhnaich (vocative)

/mɯl̪ˠˈt̪ɔ̃ːnɪç/

maol (“holy man's servant”) + Dòmhnach (“the Lord”).

compound

Muldoanich (an island in Western Isles council area, Outer Hebrides, Scotland, south of Barra and east of Vatersay).


Beirbh

a' Bheirbh (canonical feminine)
na Beirbhe (genitive)

(archaic) Bergen (a city in Hordaland, Norway)


Boirbh

a' Bhoirbh (canonical feminine)
na Boirbhe (genitive)


Afganastan

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Antartaig

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an Antartaig f (genitive singular Antartaig)

an Antartaig (canonical feminine)
Antartaig (genitive singular)
Antartaig
n-Antartaig


Ros Neimhidh

/rˠɔs̪ˈɲo.ɪ/

Rosneath (a village in Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland)


Tarsgabhaig

→ English: Tarskavaig

From Old Norse Þorskavágr or Þorskavík (“cod bay”).

Tarskavaig (a village in Sleat, Isle of Skye, Highland council area, Scotland)


Geàrrloch

/ˌɡ̥ʲaːrˠl̪ˠɔx/

/ˌɡ̥ʲaːl̪ˠəx/

A compound of geàrr (“short”) + loch (“loch, lake”). The adjective geàrr is one of a few in Scottish Gaelic which breaks the adjective following noun rule.

Gairloch (a coastal village on Loch Gairloch in Wester Ross, Highland council area, Scotland).


Gleann Comhann

/ˌɡ̥lɛun̪ˠə ˈkʰɔ̃hən̪ˠ/

Glen Coe (a valley in Highland council area, Scotland)