soudert

Afore 1707 it wis a free kintra, an in 1707 it wis soudert tae Scotland shapin the Kinrick o Graet Breetain.

Before 1707 it was a free country, and in 1707 it was joined to Scotland, making the Kingdom of Great Britain.

simple past tense and past participle of souder


souder

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souder (third-person singular simple present souders, present participle souderin, simple past soudert, past participle soudert)

souders (present singular third-person)
souderin (participle present)
soudert (past)
soudert (participle past)

From late Middle English souder, from Old French solder, from Latin solidō (“make solid”).


souders

third-person singular simple present indicative form of souder


mim

mim (third-person singular simple present mims, present participle mimin, simple past mimt, past participle mimt)

mims (present singular third-person)
mimin (participle present)
mimt (past)
mimt (participle past)

From Early Scots mim, imitative of pursing the lips. Compare English mum (“silent”).


brade

brade (third-person singular simple present brades, present participle bradein, simple past bradet, past participle bradet)

brade brade (canonical)
brades (present singular third-person)
bradein (participle present)
bradet (past)
bradet (participle past)

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *brēdaną (“to heat; to roast”).

der

To move quickly, to take large steps in a rapid and successive manner


hain

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hain (third-person singular simple present hains, present participle hainin, simple past haint, past participle haint)

hains (present singular third-person)
hainin (participle present)
haint (past)
haint (participle past)

To enclose an area with a fence or hedge


dae

dae (third-person singular simple present dis, present participle daein, simple past did, past participle din)

dis (present singular third-person)
daein (participle present)
did (past)
din (participle past)

Whit ye daein?

What ee daein?

The world disnae know how tae handle wummin like me so until cunts figure that oot, ah'll joost keep dain, an gettin, witever the fuck ah want.

2018, Chris McQueer, HWFG, 404Ink, published 2018, page 2:


dae

dae (third-person singular simple present dis, simple past did)

dis (present singular third-person)
did (past)

A div sei what ee'r on aboot! (South Scots)

(Southern Scots, Doric Scots) indicates an affirmation of something


wur

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

(Southern Scots) simple past tense of be


havers

third-person singular simple present indicative form of haver


apen

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apen (third-person singular simple present apens, present participle apenin, simple past apent, past participle apent)

apens (present singular third-person)
apenin (participle present)
apent (past)
apent (participle past)

From Middle English openen, from Old English openian (“to open”), from Proto-West Germanic *opanōn, from Proto-Germanic *upanōną (“to raise; lift; open”), from *upanaz (“open”, adjective).


maun

From Early Scots man, from Middle English mone (“shall, must”), from Old Norse mun, man, first and third person singular indicative of Old Norse munu (“shall, will; must”), from Proto-Germanic *munaną.

"Then ye maun eat and drink, Steenie," said the figure; "for we do little else here; and it's ill speaking between a fou man and a fasting."


maun

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maun (negative maunna, past maunt, past participle maunt)

maunna (negative)
maunt (past)
maunt (participle past)

to master, overcome, control, have or establish authority over, issue commands in an imperious or authoritative manner, boss about


flits

third-person singular simple present indicative form of flit


lowp

lowp (third-person singular simple present lowps, present participle lowpin, simple past lowpt, past participle lowpt)

lowps (present singular third-person)
lowpin (participle present)
lowpt (past)
lowpt (participle past)

Northern Isles, South West Central Scots

lowp the dyke

Deh lowp ower that fence!


wud

(Southern Scots) would (uncommon variant of wad)


caa

caa (third-person singular simple present caas, present participle caain, simple past caad, past participle caad)

caas (present singular third-person)
caain (participle present)
caad (past)
caad (participle past)
forms also caaed (past)


bowkt

simple past tense and past participle of bowk


lowpt

simple past tense and past participle of lowp


lowps

third-person singular simple present indicative form of lowp


hatters

third-person singular simple present indicative form of hatter


justifee

justifee (third-person singular simple present justifees, present participle justifeein, simple past justifeet, past participle justifeet)

justifees (present singular third-person)
justifeein (participle present)
justifeet (past)
justifeet (participle past)


foond

foond (third-person singular simple present foonds, present participle foondin, simple past foondt, past participle foondt)

foonds (present singular third-person)
foondin (participle present)
foondt (past)
foondt (participle past)


exeest

exeest (third-person singular simple present exeests, present participle exeestin, simple past exeestt, past participle exeestt)

exeests (present singular third-person)
exeestin (participle present)
exeestt (past)
exeestt (participle past)


cairt

cairt (third-person singular simple present cairts, present participle cairtin, simple past cairtit, past participle cairtit)

cairts (present singular third-person)
cairtin (participle present)
cairtit (past)
cairtit (participle past)


micht

From Middle English mighte, from Old English mihte, meahte, first and third person indicative preterite of magan (“to be able”). More at may.


boakit

simple past tense and past participle of boak


thocht

simple past tense and past participle of think


dee'd

simple past tense and past participle of dee


fechts

third-person singular simple present indicative form of fecht


fechtit

simple past tense and past participle of fecht


fecht

fecht (third-person singular simple present fechts, present participle fechtin, simple past fechtit or focht or feucht, past participle fechtit or fochten or feuchten)

fechts (present singular third-person)
fechtin (participle present)
fechtit (past)
focht (past)
feucht (past)
fechtit (participle past)
fochten (participle past)
feuchten (participle past)

From Middle English fighten, from Old English feohtan, from Proto-West Germanic *fehtan, from Proto-Germanic *fehtaną.

to struggle against misfortune, poverty, etc.


follae

follae (third-person singular simple present follaes, present participle follaein, simple past follaet, past participle follaet)

follaes (present singular third-person)
follaein (participle present)
follaet (past)
follaet (participle past)


jyne

jyne (third-person singular simple present jynes, present participle jynein, simple past jynet, past participle jynet)

jynes (present singular third-person)
jynein (participle present)
jynet (past)
jynet (participle past)


dwines

third-person singular simple present indicative form of dwine


jynes

third-person singular simple present indicative form of jyne


yammert

simple past tense and past participle of yammer


exeests

third-person singular simple present indicative form of exeest


boaks

third-person singular simple present indicative form of boak


deis

Div ee ken whae deis it the end o'd?

third-person singular simple present indicative form of dei


deid

From Middle English ded, deed, from Old English dēad.

simple past tense of dei (more commonly spelt, dee)


hattered

simple past tense and past participle of hatter


flei

flei (third-person singular simple present fleis, present participle fleiin, simple past flew, past participle flown)

fleis (present singular third-person)
fleiin (participle present)
flew (past)
flown (participle past)


fleis

third-person singular simple present indicative form of flei


staps

third-person singular simple present indicative form of stap


stapt

simple past tense and past participle of stap


cairry

cairry (third-person singular simple present cairries, present participle cairryin, simple past cairriet, past participle cairriet)

cairries (present singular third-person)
cairryin (participle present)
cairriet (past)
cairriet (participle past)


stappeet

(Southern Scots) simple past tense and past participle of stap


conseest

conseest (third-person singular simple present conseests, present participle conseestin, simple past conseestit, past participle conseestit)

conseests (present singular third-person)
conseestin (participle present)
conseestit (past)
conseestit (participle past)


conseests

third-person singular simple present indicative form of conseest


tirls

third-person singular simple present indicative form of tirl


ettles

third-person singular simple present indicative form of ettle


caas

third-person singular simple present indicative form of caa


caad

simple past tense and past participle of caa


deaves

third-person singular simple present indicative form of deave


admeets

third-person singular simple present indicative form of admeet


thankit

simple past tense and past participle of thank


expoond

expoond (third-person singular simple present expoonds, present participle expoondin, simple past expoondt, past participle expoondt)

expoonds (present singular third-person)
expoondin (participle present)
expoondt (past)
expoondt (participle past)


expoonds

third-person singular simple present indicative form of expoond


watter

watter (third-person singular simple present watters, present participle watterin, simple past wattert, past participle wattert)

watters (present singular third-person)
watterin (participle present)
wattert (past)
wattert (participle past)

From Old English wæterian, from Proto-Germanic *watrōną, *watrijaną, from *watōr (“water”), from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥ (“water”).
Cognates
Cognate with English water, Saterland Frisian woaterje (“to water”), West Frisian wetterje (“to water”), Dutch wateren (“to water”), German Low German watern (“to water”), German wässern (“to water”), Danish vande (“to water”), Swedish vattna (“to water”), Icelandic vatna (“to water”).

A'm gaunae watter thae flouers.


gaans

(Southern Scots) third-person singular simple present indicative form of gaan


meases

third-person singular simple present indicative form of mease


meased

simple past tense and past participle of mease


splores

third-person singular simple present indicative form of splore


splore't

simple past tense and past participle of splore


stert

stert (third-person singular simple present sterts, present participle stertin, simple past stertit, past participle stertit)

sterts (present singular third-person)
stertin (participle present)
stertit (past)
stertit (participle past)


afeard

From Middle English afered, past participle of aferen, chiefly archaic. The aphetic forms feard, feart, are more common.

(archaic) simple past tense and past participle of afear


kirkit

simple past tense and past participle of kirk


justifees

third-person singular simple present indicative form of justifee


justifeet

simple past tense and past participle of justifee


affoord

affoord (third-person singular simple present affoords, present participle affoordin, simple past affoordit, past participle affoordit)

affoords (present singular third-person)
affoordin (participle present)
affoordit (past)
affoordit (participle past)


pron

pron (third-person singular simple present prons, present participle pronnin, simple past pronnit, past participle pronnit)

prons (present singular third-person)
pronnin (participle present)
pronnit (past)
pronnit (participle past)


hink

hink (third-person singular simple present hinks, present participle hinkin, simple past thought or thocht, past participle thought or thocht)

hinks (present singular third-person)
hinkin (participle present)
thought (past)
thocht (past)
thought (participle past)
thocht (participle past)

Variant of think. From Middle English thinken, thynken, thenken, thenchen, from Old English þencan, þenċan, þenċean (“to think”), from Proto-Germanic *þankijaną (“to think, suppose, perceive”), from Proto-Indo-European *teng- (“to think, feel, know”).


hink

From Middle English *hinken, from Old English hincian (“to limp, halt, hobble”), from Proto-Germanic *hinkaną (“to limp, hobble, be injured”).


kend

simple past tense and past participle of ken


coft

From Middle Dutch cofte, from copen (“to buy”) (Modern Dutch kopen).

simple past tense and past participle of coff


stravaig

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stravaig (third-person singular simple present stravaigs, present participle stravaigin, simple past stravaigt, past participle stravaigt)

stravaigs (present singular third-person)
stravaigin (participle present)
stravaigt (past)
stravaigt (participle past)


finnd

finnd (third-person singular simple present finnd, present participle finndin, simple past fund, past participle fund)

finnd (present singular third-person)
finndin (participle present)
fund (past)
fund (participle past)


tellt

But my man tellt me no to lat him up, an' hoo am I to be a wife sic as wad hae, O Lord, gien I dinna dee as my man tellt me!

1879, George MacDonald, “Chapter XXVI. The Gamekeeper”, in Sir Gibbie:

simple past tense and past participle of tell


haud

haud (third-person singular simple present hauds, present participle haudin, simple past haudit, past participle haudit)

hauds (present singular third-person)
haudin (participle present)
haudit (past)
haudit (participle past)

Inherited from Northern Middle English halde (southern holde, holden), from Old English healdan, of Germanic origin.


leikeet

(Southern Scots) simple past tense and past participle of like


speir

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speir (third-person singular simple present speirs, present participle speirin, simple past speirt or spure, past participle speirt)

speirs (present singular third-person)
speirin (participle present)
speirt (past)
spure (past)
speirt (participle past)

From Old English spyrian, from Proto-Germanic *spurjaną. Cognate with German spüren, Swedish spörja, Danish spørge.

I'll gie you a bit canny advice, and ye maunna speir what for neither

1815 February 24, [Walter Scott], Guy Mannering; or, The Astrologer. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and Archibald Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:

Now we're married - speir nae mair, / But whistle o'er the lave o't!

1789, Robert Burns, Whistle O'er The Lave O't:

It seems that the young Heriotside, riding by one day, stopped to speir something or other, and got a glisk of Ailie's face which caught his fancy.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:


hirsel

hirsel (third-person singular simple present hirsels, present participle hirselin, simple past hirselt, past participle hirselt)

hirsels (present singular third-person)
hirselin (participle present)
hirselt (past)
hirselt (participle past)

(transitive) To put into different groups.


thair

thair (third-person singular simple present thair, simple past thurst, past participle thurst)

thair (present singular third-person)
thurst (past)
thurst (participle past)

From Middle Scots thar, from Middle English tharen, from Old English þearf, from Proto-Germanic *þarf, first and third person singular form of Proto-Germanic *þurbaną (“to need, require”), from Proto-Indo-European *terp- (“to satiate, satisfy”). Cognate with Dutch durf (“dare”, verb), German darf (“may”, verb), Norwegian tarv (“need”, verb), Icelandic þarf (“need”, verb).

der

Ye thair nae ga.

Ye thurst nae scraugh sa lood.

To need to; to be bound or obligated to do something.


scunnert

simple past tense and past participle of scunner


luvin

present participle of luve English: loving


bery

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bery (third-person singular simple present beries, present participle beryin, simple past beriet, past participle beriet)

beries (present singular third-person)
beryin (participle present)
beriet (past)
beriet (participle past)


unct

unct (third-person singular simple present uncts, present participle uncting, simple past unctit, past participle unctit)

uncts (present singular third-person)
uncting (participle present)
unctit (past)
unctit (participle past)

Quhy use ze nocht the samin sevin be sik names as thai ar expressit in Scriptuir but ferthair contentioun, as Baptim; the Lordis Supper; the Impositioun of Handis, in Confirmatioun and Ordinatioun of Ministeris; the Keis for Absolutioun to the penitent; Matrimonie; the Prayer on the Seik with uncting of oill?

1734, Robert Keith, History of the Affairs of Church and State in Scotland, Spottiswoode Society, published 1850:


clim

clim (third-person singular simple present clims, present participle climmin, simple past clam, past participle clum)

clims (present singular third-person)
climmin (participle present)
clam (past)
clum (participle past)

Old English climban, from Proto-Germanic *klimbaną. Cognate with English climb, Dutch klimmen, German klimmen.


cognosce

cognosce (third-person singular simple present cognosces, present participle cognoscin, simple past cognoscit, past participle cognoscit)

cognosces (present singular third-person)
cognoscin (participle present)
cognoscit (past)
cognoscit (participle past)

(transitive) to inquire or investigate, with an aim towards rendering judgement

(law, transitive) to make a determination

(law, transitive) to determine a person to be insane or mentally incompetent


cark

cark (third-person singular simple present carks, present participle carkin, simple past carkt, past participle carkt)

carks (present singular third-person)
carkin (participle present)
carkt (past)
carkt (participle past)

From Middle English carken. See cark above.


shaws

third-person singular simple present indicative form of shaw


smush

smush (third-person singular simple present smushes, present participle smushin, simple past smusht, past participle smusht)

smushes (present singular third-person)
smushin (participle present)
smusht (past)
smusht (participle past)


chowk

chowk (third-person singular simple present chowks, present participle chowkin, simple past chowkeet, past participle chowkeet)

chowks (present singular third-person)
chowkin (participle present)
chowkeet (past)
chowkeet (participle past)

Deh chowk on eet!


pairt

pairt (third-person singular simple present pairts, present participle pairtin, simple past pairtit, past participle pairtit)

pairts (present singular third-person)
pairtin (participle present)
pairtit (past)
pairtit (participle past)


gley

gley (third-person singular simple present gleys, present participle gleyin, simple past gleyed, past participle gleyed)

gleys (present singular third-person)
gleyin (participle present)
gleyed (past)
gleyed (participle past)


dreep

dreep (third-person singular simple present dreeps, present participle dreepin, simple past dreepit, past participle dreepit)

dreeps (present singular third-person)
dreepin (participle present)
dreepit (past)
dreepit (participle past)

→ English: dreep

From Middle English drepen (“to drip, lower”), from Old English drēopan.


ack

From Middle English acte, from Old French act, from Latin ācta, plural of āctus.


streetch

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streetch (third-person singular simple present streetches, present participle streetchin, simple past streetched, past participle streetched)

streetches (present singular third-person)
streetchin (participle present)
streetched (past)
streetched (participle past)


mitter

mitter (third-person singular simple present mitters, present participle mitterin, simple past mittert, past participle mittert)

mitters (present singular third-person)
mitterin (participle present)
mittert (past)
mittert (participle past)

Dis eet mitter?


agg

agg (third-person singular simple present aggs, present participle aggin, simple past agged, past participle agged)

aggs (present singular third-person)
aggin (participle present)
agged (past)
agged (participle past)


hirple

hirple (third-person singular simple present hirples, present participle hirplin, simple past hirpelt, past participle hirpelt)

hirples (present singular third-person)
hirplin (participle present)
hirpelt (past)
hirpelt (participle past)

to cripple or hamper some venture or project


wirk

wirk (third-person singular simple present wirks, present participle wirkin, simple past wirkt, past participle wirkt)

wirks (present singular third-person)
wirkin (participle present)
wirkt (past)
wirkt (participle past)

From Old English weorc (noun), wyrcan (verb).


pech

pech (third-person singular simple present pechs, present participle pechin, simple past pecht, past participle pecht)

pechs (present singular third-person)
pechin (participle present)
pecht (past)
pecht (participle past)


claver

claver (third-person singular simple present clavers, present participle claverin, simple past clavert, past participle clavert)

clavers (present singular third-person)
claverin (participle present)
clavert (past)
clavert (participle past)

Uncertain. Perhaps compare Gaelic clabaire (“prattler”).

‘he'll claver wi' her, or ony ither idle slut, rather than hear what might do him gude a' the days of his life, frae you or me, Mr. Hammorgaw, or ony ither sober and sponsible person.’


mirk

mirk (third-person singular simple present mirks, present participle mirkin, simple past mirkit, past participle mirkit)

mirks (present singular third-person)
mirkin (participle present)
mirkit (past)
mirkit (participle past)


mairch

mairch (third-person singular simple present mairches, present participle mairchin, simple past mairchit, past participle mairchit)

mairches (present singular third-person)
mairchin (participle present)
mairchit (past)
mairchit (participle past)

To have a common boundary with something.


collogue

collogue (third-person singular simple present collogues, present participle colloguin, simple past collogued, past participle collogued)

collogues (present singular third-person)
colloguin (participle present)
collogued (past)
collogued (participle past)


pushion

pushion (third-person singular simple present pushions, present participle pushionin, simple past pushiont, past participle pushiont)

pushions (present singular third-person)
pushionin (participle present)
pushiont (past)
pushiont (participle past)


ca canny

From ca (“call; drive”) + canny (“gentle”).

‘Ca' canny, man,’ said he, as I approached — ‘Ca' canny, Saunders — dinna rive folk alang the road to heaven at that rate, man.’

1836, Michael Scott, The Cruise of the Midge:

‘Take it easy, man,‘ said he, as I approached — ‘Take it easy, Saunders — don't drag people along the road to heaven at that rate, man.‘

Ca' canny and flee laigh. Ca' canny and ye'll break nae graith.

1868, Alexander Hislop, The Proverbs of Scotland:

Be careful and fly low. Be careful and you'll break no gear.

Some were real fighters and ye could spot them a mile away, so then ye had to caw canny. Ye just caw canny.

2008, James Kelman, Kieron Smith, Boy, Penguin, published 2009, page 390:

Some where real fighters and you could spot them a mile away, so then you had to take care. You just take care.

to drive gently; (hence), to go easy, to be careful


cannae

→ English: canna

→? Jamaican Creole: canna


tice

tice (third-person singular simple present tices, present participle ticin, simple past ticet, past participle ticet)

tices (present singular third-person)
ticin (participle present)
ticet (past)
ticet (participle past)

From Middle English tyce, aphetic from Old French atisier (“to stir up”), probably from a word meaning "to set on fire," derived from Latin titio (“firebrand”). Compare English entice.


mirks

third-person singular simple present indicative form of mirk


swallie

swallie (third-person singular simple present swallies, present participle swallyin, simple past swallit, past participle swallit)

swallies (present singular third-person)
swallyin (participle present)
swallit (past)
swallit (participle past)


yird

yird (third-person singular simple present yirds, present participle yirdin, simple past yirdit, past participle yirdit)

yirds (present singular third-person)
yirdin (participle present)
yirdit (past)
yirdit (participle past)

From Middle English yerd, from Old English ġeard, from Proto-West Germanic *gard, from Proto-Germanic *gardaz. Cognate with English yard.


soun

soun (third-person singular simple present souns, present participle sounin, simple past sount, past participle sount)

souns (present singular third-person)
sounin (participle present)
sount (past)
sount (participle past)

Anglo-Norman soun. The verb is either from the noun or Anglo-Norman souner.


straik

straik (third-person singular simple present straiks, present participle straikin, simple past straikt, past participle straikt)

straiks (present singular third-person)
straikin (participle present)
straikt (past)
straikt (participle past)


tices

third-person singular simple present indicative form of tice


laith

From Middle English lōth, from Old English lāþ, from Proto-Germanic *laiþaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyt-.


prent

prent (third-person singular simple present prents, present participle prentin, simple past prentit, past participle prentit)

prents (present singular third-person)
prentin (participle present)
prentit (past)
prentit (participle past)


smushes

third-person singular simple present indicative form of smush


howk

howk (third-person singular simple present howks, present participle howkin, simple past howkit, past participle howkit)

howks (present singular third-person)
howkin (participle present)
howkit (past)
howkit (participle past)

From earlier holk, from Middle English holken, from holk (“a hollow part, cavity”), see holk. Cognate with Low German holken (“to make hollow, hollow out”).


scowder

head

scowder (third-person singular simple present scowders, present participle scowderin, simple past scowdert, past participle scowdert)

scowders (present singular third-person)
scowderin (participle present)
scowdert (past)
scowdert (participle past)


meenit

meenit (third-person singular simple present meenits, present participle meenitin, simple past meenitit, past participle meenitit)

meenits (present singular third-person)
meenitin (participle present)
meenitit (past)
meenitit (participle past)


neibour

neibour (third-person singular simple present neibours, present participle neibourin, simple past neibourt, past participle neibourt)

neibours (present singular third-person)
neibourin (participle present)
neibourt (past)
neibourt (participle past)

Inherited from Middle English neyghebour, from Old English nēahġebūr, from Proto-West Germanic *nāhwagabūrō, from Proto-Germanic *nēhwagabūrô.

inh+

to form a set with something or somebody


nebour

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nebour (third-person singular simple present nebours, present participle nebourin, simple past nebourt, past participle nebourt)

nebours (present singular third-person)
nebourin (participle present)
nebourt (past)
nebourt (participle past)


straucht

simple past tense and past participle of streek


roond

roond (third-person singular simple present roonds, present participle roondin, simple past roondit, past participle roondit)

roonds (present singular third-person)
roondin (participle present)
roondit (past)
roondit (participle past)

From Middle English rounde, from Old French reont.


roon

roon (third-person singular simple present roons, present participle roonin, simple past roont, past participle roont)

roons (present singular third-person)
roonin (participle present)
roont (past)
roont (participle past)


fordel

To store; lay past; keep in reserve; hoard.


dook

dook (third-person singular simple present dooks, present participle dookin, simple past dookit, past participle dookit)

dooks (present singular third-person)
dookin (participle present)
dookit (past)
dookit (participle past)

From Middle English douken. More at English duck.


greit

Alternative spelling of greet (“to weep”)


stound

stound (third-person singular simple present stounds, present participle stoundin, simple past stoundit, past participle stoundit)

stounds (present singular third-person)
stoundin (participle present)
stoundit (past)
stoundit (participle past)

Inherited from Middle Scots stound, from Middle English stound (“a moment”), from Old English stund. Old Norse stund.

I dinna think I clave his helmet, but I gae him sic a devil o' a knab on the temple, that he was stoundit, and fell as dead as a stane at my horse's feet.

1819, James Hogg, The Three Perils of Man – War, Women, and Witchcraft: A Border Tale, Charlie Scott's tale:

(transitive) to inflict pain on, to wound

Oh! weel my head aye be stoundin’ an sair, / An’ weel may my heart aye be beatin’ wi care, / An’ weel may the tear trickle down frae my e’e,

1844, Peter Livingston, “Oh! Winter is Come”, in Poems and Songs, Principally Relating to Scottish Manners and Customs, page 135:


stound

Inherited from Middle Scots stound, from Middle English astound, from astoned, past participle of the verb astone (“to astonish”).

Well, for ane wee minute I'll allow I was that ’stoundit ye might hae bound me wi’ a strae; then, the neist, I gruppit the red nag atwixt my knees and ram-stam intae the verra thick o’ them.

1897, Ernest Hamilton, The Outlaws of the Marches, page 157:


knuse

knuse (third-person singular simple present knuses, present participle knusin, simple past knusit, past participle knusit)

knuses (present singular third-person)
knusin (participle present)
knusit (past)
knusit (participle past)

Borrowed from Old Norse knosa (“to beat, bruise”).


blikken

blikken (third-person singular simple present blikkens, present participle blikkenin, simple past blikkent, past participle blikkent)

blikkens (present singular third-person)
blikkenin (participle present)
blikkent (past)
blikkent (participle past)

From Old Norse blikja (“to grow pale”). Related to English blike. More at blike.


hurkle

hurkle (third-person singular simple present hurkles, present participle hurklin, simple past hurkled, past participle hurkled)

hurkles (present singular third-person)
hurklin (participle present)
hurkled (past)
hurkled (participle past)

Unknown. May come from Old Norse, possibly related to Dutch hurken (“to squat”).

to sit huddled in a crouched position either for warmth or secrecy, to draw oneself together like a crouching animal

to walk with the body in a crouching position


skelp

skelp (third-person singular simple present skelps, present participle skelpin, simple past skelpt, past participle skelpt)

skelps (present singular third-person)
skelpin (participle present)
skelpt (past)
skelpt (participle past)

Probably imitative, or from Scottish Gaelic sgealp (“slap”).

She skelpt ma doup

A wis skelpt in the face fae the tree's beuch

I was slapped in the face by the tree branch.

To beat, slap, now especially the backside.


lith

lith (third-person singular simple present liths, present participle lithin, simple past lithit, past participle lithit)

liths (present singular third-person)
lithin (participle present)
lithit (past)
lithit (participle past)

From Middle English lyth, from Old English liþ, from Proto-Germanic *liþuz.

to disjoint, sever the joints of, dislocate


aggle

aggle (third-person singular simple present aggles, present participle agglin, simple past aggled, past participle aggled)

aggles (present singular third-person)
agglin (participle present)
aggled (past)
aggled (participle past)

Compare Norwegian alka (“to dirty, defile”).

I wiss du widna aggle dee haands i yun fish brucks.

I wish you would not dirty the hands in those fish left-overs.


sauts

third-person singular simple present indicative form of saut


airth

airth (third-person singular simple present airths, present participle airthin, simple past airthit, past participle airthit)

airths (present singular third-person)
airthin (participle present)
airthit (past)
airthit (participle past)


pran

pran (third-person singular simple present prans, present participle prannin, simple past prannit, past participle prannit)

prans (present singular third-person)
prannin (participle present)
prannit (past)
prannit (participle past)


gae

Inherited from Northern Middle English ga, gan, from Old English gān (“to go”).
Cognates
Cognate with English go, West Frisian gean, Low German gahn, Dutch gaan, German gehen, Swedish and Danish gå, Norwegian gå.

inh+

O waly waly, up the bank, / And waly waly down the brae, / And waly waly yon burn-side / Where I and my Love wont to gae!

Woe woe, up the bank, / And woe woe down the hill / And woe woe over burnside / Where my love and I tend to go!

Gae awa, gae awa — I canna thole the very thochts o' the story whilk thou ettles to ken.

1884, Alexander Leighton, Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland Volume 17:

Go away, go away — I cannot deal with the very thoughts of the story which you are trying to know.


gae

Eh, Mr Henry! but the carle gae them a screed o' doctrine!

1816, Sir Walter Scott, Old Mortality, Illustrated, Volume 1.:

Hey, Mr Henry! but the man gave them a piece of doctrine!

Chirsty was in Tilliedrum last Teisday or Wednesday, an' Tibbie gae her a cup o' tea.

Chirsty was in Tilliedrum last Tuesday or Wednesday, and Tibbie gave her a cup of tea.


gied

"Hoot na, Portmark, it was yersel' he was hittin' at, and the black e'e ye gied Kirsty six weeks syne."

1715, S.R. Crockett, Bog-Myrtle and Peat:

"Auld Cabbage-heid didna' like me looking at Peter Rundell an' that's the way he gied me four, but I'll get a horse's hair too, an' his tawse 'll soon get wheegh.

They div say as weel that Auld Nick himsel' was present, an' gied the decision that the Cardinal, wha was to be askit ower frae Stirlin', should dee.

1910, William Le Queux, The House of Whispers:


lippen

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lippen (third-person singular simple present lippens, present participle lippenin, simple past lippent, past participle lippent)

lippens (present singular third-person)
lippenin (participle present)
lippent (past)
lippent (participle past)


frain

frain (third-person singular simple present frains, present participle frainin, simple past fraint, past participle fraint)

frains (present singular third-person)
frainin (participle present)
fraint (past)
fraint (participle past)

From Middle English fraynen, frainen, freinen, from Old English freġnan (“to ask”) and Old Norse fregna (“to ask”), from Proto-Germanic *frehnaną.


queem

From Middle English queme, from Old English cwēme, ġecwēme (“pleasant, pleasing, acceptable, fit”), from Proto-West Germanic *kwāmī, from Proto-Germanic *kwēmijaz (“convenient, appropriate, pleasing”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem- (“to come, go”).

der

to fit snugly, fall into place, coincide with


hause

head

hause (third-person singular simple present hauses, present participle hausin, simple past haused, past participle haused)

hauses (present singular third-person)
hausin (participle present)
haused (past)
haused (participle past)


taks

third-person singular present indicative of tak


brack

brack (third-person singular simple present brackin, present participle brackit, simple past brackit, past participle brackit)

brackin (present singular third-person)
brackit (participle present)
brackit (past)
brackit (participle past)

Mind an da brack aat!


fummle

fummle (third-person singular simple present fummles, present participle fummlin, simple past fummelt, past participle fummelt)

fummles (present singular third-person)
fummlin (participle present)
fummelt (past)
fummelt (participle past)


flird

From Middle English flerd (“fraud, deceit”), from Old English fleard (“nonsense, deception, fraud, superstition”). Cognate with Icelandic flærð (“deceit”), Swedish flärd (“vanity, frivolity, flamboyance”). More at flirt.

cog

(intransitive) To flutter; flounce; flaunt.


hairst

From Early Scots harvist, herwist, hervist, hervest, from Middle English harvest, hervest, from Old English hærfest (“autumn; harvest”), from Proto-West Germanic *harbist. Cognate with English harvest, German Herbst (“autumn”).


daud

onomatopoeic

imitative


saunt

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saunt (third-person singular simple present saunts, present participle sauntin, simple past saunt, past participle santet or sauntit or saunten)

saunts (present singular third-person)
sauntin (participle present)
saunt (past)
santet (participle past)
sauntit (participle past)
saunten (participle past)

From Middle English seint, partly from Old English sanct (“saint”) and partly from and confluence with Anglo-Norman seint, from Old French saint, seinte; both ultimately from Latin sanctus (“holy, consecrated, saint”). Close cognate with English saint and French saint.

der

Neither sae sinfu' as to sink, nor so haly as to saunt.

(intransitive) To disappear, vanish; especially in a sudden and/or mysterious way.

(intransitive) To be silently swallowed up.

Na, I'll never fin 'm; he's been santet.

1914, James S. Angus, (Please provide the book title or journal name):

(transitive) To cause to vanish in a sudden or inexplicable manner; to spirit away.


winna

"An' warn him--what I winna name-- To stay content wi' yowes at hame; An' no to rin an' wear his cloots, Like ither menseless, graceless brutes.

1780, Robert Burns, Poems And Songs Of Robert Burns:

They that winna ride for Telfer's kye, Let them never look in the face o' me!

1806, Walter Scott, Minstrelsy of the Scottish border (3rd ed) (1 of 3):

Well, madam, it's just this, that his lordship would be very glad to see ye and Mr. Mellot, for he's vary ill indeed, and that's truth; and if he winna tell ye the cause, then I will--and it's just a' for love of this play-acting body here, and more's the pity." "

1901, Charles Kingsley, Two Years Ago, Volume I:


daver

head

daver (third-person singular simple present davers, present participle daverin, simple past davert, past participle davert)

davers (present singular third-person)
daverin (participle present)
davert (past)
davert (participle past)

To wander aimlessly or in a dazed fashion.


spak

Then spak the lord, hight Hamilton, And to the nobil king said he, "My sovereign prince, sum counsell take, First at your nobilis, syne at me.

But whan he spak, it was mair in sorrow than in anger.

1905, Robert Louis Stevenson, David Balfour, Second Part:

And I'll do this messenger justice; he laid down no law to me, he only spak o' the duty laid on his own conscience; but my conscience said 'Amen' to his--that's about it.

1898, Amelia Edith Huddleston Barr, Scottish sketches:

Ful wel she song the service divyne, Entuned in hir nose ful semely; And Frensh she spak ful faire and fetisly, After the scole of Stratford atte Bowe, For Frensh of Paris was to hir unknowe..."

1896, Sir Arthur Thomas Quiller-Couch, Adventures in Criticism:

Them was t' truest words he iver spak, an' shoo would hae been muck-cheap if I'd gien a million pund for her."

1919, Frederic Moorman, More Tales of the Ridings:

I went unto her mother, and I argued and I fleech'd, I spak o' love and honesty, and mair and mair beseech'd; But she was deaf to a' my grief, she wadna look on me; O poverty!

1857, Various, The Modern Scottish Minstrel, Volume IV.:

Het as he was, he took a kind o' cauld grue in the marrow o' his banes; but up he spak for a' that; an' says he: 'My friend, are you a stranger in this place?'

1904, Robert Louis Stevenson, The Merry Men:


forspeak

From Middle English forspeken (“to bewitch”), from Old English forsprecan (“to speak in vain; to speak amiss; to denounce; to deny”).

der

To bewitch or cast a spell over, especially using flattery or undue praise; to seduce.


sall

The wind sall blaw for evermair.


fren

head

fren (third-person singular simple present frens, present participle frennin, simple past frennit, past participle frennit)

frens (present singular third-person)
frennin (participle present)
frennit (past)
frennit (participle past)

(poetic) To rage; to be in a state of rage.


peety

peety (third-person singular simple present peeties, present participle peetyin, simple past peetied, past participle peetied)

peeties (present singular third-person)
peetyin (participle present)
peetied (past)
peetied (participle past)


keepit

simple past tense and past participle of keep


forstand

From Middle English forstanden, from Old English forstandan (“to defend, understand”), from Proto-West Germanic *frastandan (“to understand, oppose”), equivalent to for- + stand.


umbethink

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umbethink (third-person singular simple present umbethinks, present participle umbethinkin, simple past umbethocht, past participle umbethocht)

umbethinks (present singular third-person)
umbethinkin (participle present)
umbethocht (past)
umbethocht (participle past)

From Middle English umbethenken, from Old English ymbeþencan, ymbþencan (“to think about, consider, deliberate”), from ymb- (“around”) + þencan (“to think”).

(reflexive) To consider, think about, bethink


describit

simple past tense and past participle of describe


devolvit

simple past tense and past participle of devolve


tauld

simple past tense and past participle of tell


troak

troak (third-person singular simple present troaks, present participle troakin, simple past troakt, past participle troakt)

troaks (present singular third-person)
troakin (participle present)
troakt (past)
troakt (participle past)

From Middle English trukken, trukien (> English truck), from Old French troquier, of Germanic origin. Compare German Trug (“deceit, trickery, deception”). More at truck.

cog

That chiels, fated to skelp vile dubs thro', / For living are obliged to rub thro' / To fend by troaking, buying, selling, / The profit's aft no worth the telling.

1755 May 9, Allan Ramsay, Blyth may he be wha o'er the haugh, The Edinburgh Magazine; or, Literary Miscellany, published 1787 January 31, page 40:

Ye lowns that troke in doctor's stuff, / You'll now hae unco slaisters.

1773, Robert Ferguson, “The Election”, in Poems on Various Subjects, T. Ruddiman & Co., page 171:

Now if ye're ane o' warl's folk, / Wha rate the wearer by the cloak / An' sklent on poverty their joke / Wi' bitter sneer, / Wi' you no friendship I will troke / Nor cheap nor dear.

1786 April 3, Robert Burns, “To Mr. John Kennedy”, in Allan Cunningham, editor, The Works of Robert Burns, Hilliard, Gray, & Co., published 1835, page 227:

Cadging about the track-pats, pouries an' succar bowls; getting baubees for them whiles, an' whiles troaking them for auld rags, eggs, and ait meal.

1822, Hew Ainslie, “Pig Tibby, and the Pilgrims”, in A Pilgrimage to the Land of Burns, page 232:

To barter or trade, especially outside a government monopoly.

I wad hae ye ken, Laird Heron ... that there are many decent men ... who have no trokings or comradeship with Yawkins, the Marshalls, and their like.

1922, S. R. Crockett, The Raiders: Being Some Passages in the Life of John Faa, Eveleigh Nash & Grayson Ltd., page 54:

(Scotland) To have familiar intercourse.


aint

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aint (third-person singular simple present aints, present participle aintin, simple past aintit, past participle aintit)

aints (present singular third-person)
aintin (participle present)
aintit (past)
aintit (participle past)

Derived from Old Norse enta (“to regard, heed, notice, look after”).

der

(Orkney) to tend, heed, look after someone


tocome

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tocome (third-person singular simple present tocomes, present participle tocomin, simple past tocam, past participle tocomen or tocomet)

tocomes (present singular third-person)
tocomin (participle present)
tocam (past)
tocomen (participle past)
tocomet (participle past)

From Middle English tocomen (“to come, arrive, happen”), from Old English tōcuman (“to come, arrive”), from Proto-Germanic *tō (“to”), *kwemaną (“to come”), equivalent to to- + come. Cognate with Dutch toekomen (“to forward, deserve, merit, suffice”), German zukommen (“to come on, benefit, become”).

cog

(of a letter, package, etc.) To arrive at, reach a destination; come to a person's attention.

(of an event) To happen; to be about to happen.


klondyke

To export fresh fish (usually herring or mackerel) rather than pickled ones.


tocum

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tocum (third-person singular simple present tocumis, present participle tocumin, simple past tocam, past participle tocumen or tocumit)

tocumis (present singular third-person)
tocumin (participle present)
tocam (past)
tocumen (participle past)
tocumit (participle past)


erd

erd (third-person singular simple present erds, present participle erdin, simple past erdit, past participle erdit)

erds (present singular third-person)
erdin (participle present)
erdit (past)
erdit (participle past)

From erde, northern variant of Middle English erthe; compare Old English eard (“homeland; earth”).

to cover with earth, to store underground


waff

waff (third-person singular simple present waffs, present participle waffin, simple past wafft, past participle wafft)

waffs (present singular third-person)
waffin (participle present)
wafft (past)
wafft (participle past)

waffle (Etymology 2) (in the sense "vacillate")

From Middle English waffe, northern variant of waven, from Old English wafian (“to wave”). Compare also Middle English waf, wayfe (“smell; waft; odour”).


to-rare

to-rare (third-person singular simple present to-rares, present participle to-rarin, simple past to-raret, past participle to-raret)

to-rares (present singular third-person)
to-rarin (participle present)
to-raret (past)
to-raret (participle past)

From to- + rare (“roar”). More at to-, roar.


to-wrye

to-wrye (third-person singular simple present to-wryes, present participle to-wryin, simple past to-wryet, past participle to-wryet)

to-wryes (present singular third-person)
to-wryin (participle present)
to-wryet (past)
to-wryet (participle past)

From to- + wrye (“to wry”). More at to-, wry.


tochange

tochange (third-person singular simple present tochanges, present participle tochangin, simple past tochanget, past participle tochanget)

tochanges (present singular third-person)
tochangin (participle present)
tochanget (past)
tochanget (participle past)

To change or alter utterly or completely; transform; transfigure.


to-cleve

to-cleve (third-person singular simple present to-cleves, present participle to-clevin, simple past to-claif, past participle to-claif)

to-cleves (present singular third-person)
to-clevin (participle present)
to-claif (past)
to-claif (participle past)

From Middle English tocleven, from Old English tōclēofan (“to cleave apart, cleave in two”), equivalent to to- + cleve (“to cleave”). Cognate with English tocleave. More at to-, cleave.


souk in

head

souk in (third-person singular simple present souks in, present participle soukin in, simple past soukit in, past participle soukit in)

souks in (present singular third-person)
soukin in (participle present)
soukit in (past)
soukit in (participle past)


jow

jow (third-person singular simple present jows, present participle jowin, simple past jowt, past participle jowt)

jows (present singular third-person)
jowin (participle present)
jowt (past)
jowt (participle past)

(transitive, intransitive) To ring or toll (a bell).


feuch

feuch (third-person singular simple present feuchs, present participle feuchin, simple past feuched, past participle feuched)

feuchs (present singular third-person)
feuchin (participle present)
feuched (past)
feuched (participle past)

Onomatopoeic or imitative. Origins are uncertain and may reflect multiple, independent etymologies. Scottish National Dictionary suggests that the "beat" senses may be influenced by fauch "to claw; to toil". Attested in various senses since the mid 1700s.


souther

souther (third-person singular simple present southers, present participle southerin, simple past southert, past participle southert)

southers (present singular third-person)
southerin (participle present)
southert (past)
southert (participle past)


huik

huik (third-person singular simple present huiks, present participle huikin, simple past huikt, past participle huikt)

huiks (present singular third-person)
huikin (participle present)
huikt (past)
huikt (participle past)

Origin obscure. Perhaps a survival of Old English hyċġan (“to think about, to consider”), or a borrowing of Middle Dutch heugen, huegen (“to think about, heed, remember, recall”).

unc

obscure

inh

Tak thay not tent he will not huik it,

1837-1901, Sempill Robert, Thomas Churchyard, edited by James Cranstoun, Satirical poems of the time of the reformation, Edinburgh, London: W. Blackwood and sons, published 1891, page 128:

To regard, pay attention to, take into account.


agl

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agl (third-person singular simple present agls, present participle aglin, simple past agled, past participle agled)

agls (present singular third-person)
aglin (participle present)
agled (past)
agled (participle past)


forenail

forenail (third-person singular simple present forenails, present participle forenailin, simple past forenailt, past participle forenailt)

forenails (present singular third-person)
forenailin (participle present)
forenailt (past)
forenailt (participle past)

To pledge or earmark money for future use before it is earned.


howf

howf (third-person singular simple present howfs, present participle howfin, simple past howft, past participle howft)

howfs (present singular third-person)
howfin (participle present)
howft (past)
howft (participle past)

The noun is derived from Old Scots howf (“burial ground; timber yard”), probably a borrowing from Middle Dutch hof (“court; enclosed space”).
Sense 4 (“cemetery or churchyard”) refers to The Howff, a burial ground in Dundee on the land of the former Greyfriars Monastery.
The verb is derived from the noun.

der

to frequent or resort to a place; to haunt


forleet

head

forleet (third-person singular simple present forleets, present participle forleetin, simple past forleett, past participle forleett)

forleets (present singular third-person)
forleetin (participle present)
forleett (past)
forleett (participle past)

From Middle English forleten, from Old English forlǣtan, from Proto-Germanic *fralētaną.

To forsake, desert, leave behind, neglect, abandon


skaith

skaith (present participle skaithin, simple past skaitht, past participle skaitht)

skaithin (participle present)
skaitht (past)
skaitht (participle past)

From Middle English scathen, skathen, from Old English sceaþian (“to scathe, hurt, harm, injure”) and Old Norse skaða (“to hurt”), both from Proto-Germanic *skaþōną (“to injure”). Cognate with English scathe.

inh

to penalise, serve as a penalty, fine or compensation


fre

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fre (third-person singular simple present fres, present participle frein, simple past fret, past participle fret)

fres (present singular third-person)
frein (participle present)
fret (past)
fret (participle past)

From Middle English fre, freo, from Old English frēo (“free”), from Proto-West Germanic *frī, from Proto-Germanic *frijaz (“beloved, not in bondage”), from Proto-Indo-European *priHós (“dear, beloved”), from *preyH- (“to love, to please”).
Related to English friend. Cognate with West Frisian frij (“free”), Dutch vrij (“free”), Low German free (“free”), German frei (“free”), Friede (“peace”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian fri (“free”), Sanskrit प्रिय (priyá).


dacker

head

dacker (third-person singular simple present dackers, present participle dackerin, simple past dackert, past participle dackert)

dackers (present singular third-person)
dackerin (participle present)
dackert (past)
dackert (participle past)

I e'en daiker on wi' the family frae year's end to year's end.


aik

aik (third-person singular simple present aiks, present participle aikin, simple past aiked, past participle aiked)

aiks (present singular third-person)
aikin (participle present)
aiked (past)
aiked (participle past)


flauchter

flauchter (third-person singular simple present flauchters, present participle flauchterin, simple past flauchtert, past participle flauchtert)

flauchters (present singular third-person)
flauchterin (participle present)
flauchtert (past)
flauchtert (participle past)


flaucht

flaucht (third-person singular simple present flauchts, present participle flauchtin, simple past flauchtt, past participle flauchtt)

flauchts (present singular third-person)
flauchtin (participle present)
flauchtt (past)
flauchtt (participle past)


dirl

dirl (third-person singular simple present dirls, present participle dirlin, simple past dirlt, past participle dirlt)

dirls (present singular third-person)
dirlin (participle present)
dirlt (past)
dirlt (participle past)

Conviction of sin held him like a vice: he saw the lassie's death laid at his door; her face haunted him by day and night, and the word of the Lord dirled in his ears, telling of wrath and punishment.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:


donnert

simple past tense and past participle of donner


coggle

coggle (third-person singular simple present coggles, present participle cogglein, simple past cogglet, past participle cogglet)

coggles (present singular third-person)
cogglein (participle present)
cogglet (past)
cogglet (participle past)


strecht

simple past tense and past participle of streek


jouk

jouk (third-person singular simple present jouks, present participle joukin, simple past jouked, past participle jouked)

jouks (present singular third-person)
joukin (participle present)
jouked (past)
jouked (participle past)

Variant of deuk, from Middle English dūke or dukke. Compare Proto-Germanic *dūkaną (“to duck, dive”).

cog

(transitive or intransitive) to duck; to move away quickly to avoid (something); to evade

(transitive) to duck into water; to souse


chirk

head

chirk (third-person singular simple present chirks, present participle chirkin, simple past chirkit, past participle chirkit)

chirks (present singular third-person)
chirkin (participle present)
chirkit (past)
chirkit (participle past)

From Middle English cherkin, from Old English ċearcian, ċiercian, variant forms of Old English cracian, from Proto-West Germanic *krakōn, from Proto-Germanic *krakōną (“to crack; crackle; shriek”).
Cognate with English chirk. Doublet of chork, crak, crake, and jarg. The noun is derived from the verb.

der

to gnash, rub together (of the teeth or gums)


daur

At Hawick, where this legendary mimicry of old Border warfare peculiarly flourishes, the boys are accustomed to use the following rhyme of defiance: King Covenanter, come out if ye daur venture!

1870, Robert Chambers, Popular Rhymes of Scotland, page 128:


eyndill

Origin obscure. Probably from a frequentative form of eind, aynd (“to breathe”), equivalent to eind + -le, related to onde (“to breathe”). Compare also Old English andian (“to envy, be envious or jealous”). More at onde.


nash

head

nash (third-person singular simple present nashes, present participle nashin, simple past nashed, past participle nashed)

nashes (present singular third-person)
nashin (participle present)
nashed (past)
nashed (participle past)

(Edinburgh) hurry, run, leave in a hurry


gype

tae gype (third-person singular simple present gypes, present participle gypin, simple past gypit, past participle gypit)

tae gype (canonical)
gypes (present singular third-person)
gypin (participle present)
gypit (past)
gypit (participle past)

to stare in a foolish, open-mouthed fashion

to play the fool, make a fool of someone


gypit

simple past tense and past participle of gype


yeld

yeld (third-person singular simple present yelds, present participle yeldin, simple past yeldt, past participle yeldt)

yelds (present singular third-person)
yeldin (participle present)
yeldt (past)
yeldt (participle past)

From Middle English yeld, from Old English ġelde (“barren, unproductive”), probably borrowed from Old Norse geldr (“barren, yielding no milk”), from Proto-Germanic *galdaz, *galdijaz (“barren, unfruitful”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to shout, cry”). Related to Swedish gall (“barren”), German galt, gelt (“yielding no milk, unfruitful”), Old Norse gelda (“to castrate”).

der

to cease to milk a pregnant cow when the flow stops before calving


birse

head

birse (third-person singular simple present birses, present participle birsin, simple past birsed, past participle birsed)

birses (present singular third-person)
birsin (participle present)
birsed (past)
birsed (participle past)

birsie

bristly, hairy; hot-tempered, passionate; of the weather: keen, sharp; difficult


birses

third-person singular simple present indicative form of birse


oul

oul (third-person singular simple present ouls, present participle oulin, simple past oult, past participle oult)

ouls (present singular third-person)
oulin (participle present)
oult (past)
oult (participle past)


disadvise

disadvise (third-person singular simple present disadvises, present participle disadvisin, simple past disadvised, past participle disadvised)

disadvises (present singular third-person)
disadvisin (participle present)
disadvised (past)
disadvised (participle past)


umbedo

umbedo (third-person singular simple present umbedois, present participle undoand or undoin, simple past undid, past participle undone)

umbedois (present singular third-person)
undoand (participle present)
undoin (participle present)
undid (past)
undone (participle past)

From umbe- + do, modelled after undo and umbeset.

(transitive) To undo; bring to ruin; fordo.


froed

froed (third-person singular simple present froeds, present participle froedin, simple past froedt, past participle froedt)

froeds (present singular third-person)
froedin (participle present)
froedt (past)
froedt (participle past)


stey

stey (third-person singular simple present steys, present participle steyin, simple past steyd, past participle steyd)

steys (present singular third-person)
steyin (participle present)
steyd (past)
steyd (participle past)


blume

From Middle English blomen, from blom, from Old Norse blóm, from Proto-Germanic *blōmô.

The Banks O' Doon--Second Version Ye flowery banks o' bonie Doon, How can ye blume sae fair?

1780, Robert Burns, Poems And Songs Of Robert Burns:


daunton

daunton (third-person singular simple present dauntons, present participle dauntonin, simple past dauntont, past participle dauntont)

dauntons (present singular third-person)
dauntonin (participle present)
dauntont (past)
dauntont (participle past)

Thou's welcome, wean; mishanter fa' me,
If thoughts o' thee, or yet thy mamie,
Shall ever daunton me or awe me,
My bonie lady,
Or if I blush when thou shalt ca' me
Tyta or daddie.

You're welcome, child; may ill befall me,
If thoughts of you or of your mommy
Shall ever daunt me or awe me,
My bonny lady,
Or if I blush when you do call me
Tata or Daddy.

I 'm wand'ring wide this wintry night, I 'm wand'ring wide my lane,
And mony a langsome, lanesome mile, I 'll measure e'er it 's gane;
But lanesome roads or langsome miles, Can never daunton me,
When I think on the welcome warm That waits me, love, frae thee.

1857, Various, The Modern Scottish Minstrel, Volume V.:

I'm wandering far this wintry night, I'm wandering far alone,
And many a long and lonely mile I'll measure ere it's gone;
But lonely roads and lengthy miles can never daunt me,
When I think on the welcome warm that waits me, love, from thee.

O I hae scarce to lay me on,
If kingly fields were ance my ain;
Wi' the moor-cock on the mountain-bree,
But hardship na'er can daunton me.

1863, James Fenimore Cooper, chapter XXV, in Miles Wallingford (overall work in English):

O, I have little to lay me on,
Though kingly fields were once my own;
With the moorcock on the mountainside,
But hardship never can daunt me.

Bonny, bairnly braws; it's for the like o' them folk sells the peace of God that passeth understanding; it's for the like o' them, an' maybe no even sae muckle worth, folk daunton God to His face and burn in muckle hell; and it's for that reason the Scripture ca's them, as I read the passage, the accursed thing.

"Och, it's the lassies will be the pleased ones, coiling the blankets round them; it's Auld Kate that kens," and then she gave a screitchy hooch and began to sing in her cracked thin voice-- 'The man's no' born and he never will be, The man's no born that will daunton me.'

"Oh, it's the girls that will be pleased, coiling the blankets round them; it's Old Kate who knows," and then she gave a screechy hoot and began to sing in her cracked thin voice— "The man's not born and he never will be, the man's not born that will daunt me."


hiddle

hiddle (third-person singular simple present hiddles, present participle hiddlin, simple past hiddlet, past participle hiddlet)

hiddles (present singular third-person)
hiddlin (participle present)
hiddlet (past)
hiddlet (participle past)

From Early Scots hidlis (“hiding places”), from hiddil (“concealment”), from Middle English hidels.


taigle

taigle (third-person singular simple present taigles, present participle taiglin, simple past taiglt, past participle taiglt)

taigles (present singular third-person)
taiglin (participle present)
taiglt (past)
taiglt (participle past)

From Middle English tagilen, probably of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse þǫngull, þang (“tangle; seaweed”); compare dialectal Swedish taggla.

I wud abeen here in time, but I gaed roon tae speer hoo Mary Swan's son was, an' I was taiglt.

1876, David Gilmour, Paisley Weavers of Other Days:

And syne it's like a wab in which the warld / Squats like a spider, quhile the mune and me / Are taigled in an endless corner o't / Tyauvin' fecklessly...

1926, Hugh MacDiarmid, A Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle:

Aa this while the fowk wis waitin on Zacharie, ferliein what coud be taiglin him sae lang intil the sanctuarie [...].

1983, William Laughton Lorimer, trans. Bible, Luke I

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


birstle

birstle (third-person singular simple present birstles, present participle birslin, simple past birslet, past participle birslet)

birstles (present singular third-person)
birslin (participle present)
birslet (past)
birslet (participle past)


glunch

The fiend had bare departed when Ailie came over the threshold to find the auld carline glunching over the fire.


snaip

snaip (third-person singular simple present snaips, present participle snaipin, simple past snaipt, past participle snaipt)

snaips (present singular third-person)
snaipin (participle present)
snaipt (past)
snaipt (participle past)


besmarten

besmarten (third-person singular simple present besmartens, present participle besmartenin, simple past besmartent, past participle besmartent)

besmartens (present singular third-person)
besmartenin (participle present)
besmartent (past)
besmartent (participle past)

(transitive) To make smart (dapper); neaten


breer

breer (third-person singular simple present breers, present participle breerin, simple past breert, past participle breert)

breers (present singular third-person)
breerin (participle present)
breert (past)
breert (participle past)


disjune

disjune (third-person singular simple present disjunes, present participle disjunin, simple past disjunit, past participle disjunit)

disjunes (present singular third-person)
disjunin (participle present)
disjunit (past)
disjunit (participle past)


brakfast

brakfast (third-person singular simple present brakfasts, present participle brakfastin, simple past brakfastit, past participle brakfastit)

brakfasts (present singular third-person)
brakfastin (participle present)
brakfastit (past)
brakfastit (participle past)

brak (“break”) + fast; compare English breakfast


adventur

adventur (third-person singular simple present adventurs, present participle adventurin, simple past adventurt, past participle adventurt)

adventurs (present singular third-person)
adventurin (participle present)
adventurt (past)
adventurt (participle past)

From Middle English aventure, aunter, anter, from Old French aventure, from Late Latin adventūrus (“adventure”).


frait

frait (third-person singular simple present fraits, present participle fraitin, simple past fraitit, past participle fraitit)

fraits (present singular third-person)
fraitin (participle present)
fraitit (past)
fraitit (participle past)


speak a wird tae

speak a wird tae (third-person singular simple present speaks a wird tae, present participle speakin a wird tae, simple past spak a wird tae, past participle spoken a wird tae)

speaks a wird tae (present singular third-person)
speakin a wird tae (participle present)
spak a wird tae (past)
spoken a wird tae (participle past)


ill-speak

ill-speak (third-person singular simple present ill-speaks, present participle ill-speakin, simple past ill-spak, past participle ill-spoken)

ill-speaks (present singular third-person)
ill-speakin (participle present)
ill-spak (past)
ill-spoken (participle past)


speak back

speak back (third-person singular simple present speaks back, present participle speakin back, simple past spak back, past participle spoken back)

speaks back (present singular third-person)
speakin back (participle present)
spak back (past)
spoken back (participle past)


feuchten

(Southern Scots) past participle of fecht


cleck

cleck (third-person singular simple present clecks, present participle cleckin, simple past cleckit, past participle cleckit)

clecks (present singular third-person)
cleckin (participle present)
cleckit (past)
cleckit (participle past)


first-fit

first-fit (third-person singular simple present first-fits, present participle first-fittin, simple past first-fittit, past participle first-fittit)

first-fits (present singular third-person)
first-fittin (participle present)
first-fittit (past)
first-fittit (participle past)

to be the first to visit at the new year


grusht

simple past tense and past participle of grush


frood

frood (third-person singular simple present froods, present participle froodin, simple past froodt, past participle froodt)

froods (present singular third-person)
froodin (participle present)
froodt (past)
froodt (participle past)


trottle

trottle (third-person singular simple present trottles, present participle trottlin, simple past trottelt, past participle trottelt)

trottles (present singular third-person)
trottlin (participle present)
trottelt (past)
trottelt (participle past)


troddle

troddle (third-person singular simple present troddles, present participle troddlin, simple past troddelt, past participle troddelt)

troddles (present singular third-person)
troddlin (participle present)
troddelt (past)
troddelt (participle past)


douk

douk (third-person singular simple present douks, present participle doukin, simple past doukt, past participle doukt)

douks (present singular third-person)
doukin (participle present)
doukt (past)
doukt (participle past)

From Middle English ducken, from Old English *dūcan (“to dip, dive, duck”), from Proto-West Germanic *dūkan.


arl

head

arl (third-person singular simple present arls, present participle arlin, simple past arlt, past participle arlt)

arls (present singular third-person)
arlin (participle present)
arlt (past)
arlt (participle past)

(archaic) To engage services through payment of earnest-money.


hurkles

third-person singular simple present indicative form of hurkle


breest

breest (third-person singular simple present breests, present participle breestin, simple past breestit, past participle breestit)

breests (present singular third-person)
breestin (participle present)
breestit (past)
breestit (participle past)

From Middle English brest, from Old English brēost, from Proto-West Germanic *breust, from Proto-Germanic *breustą, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to swell”).

der

to mount a horse by gripping the mane and wriggling over


breests

third-person singular simple present indicative form of breest


blash

(meteorological) (Of rain, sleet, hail): To pour heavily, to batter against something.


blouster

head

blouster (third-person singular simple present blousters, present participle blousterin, simple past bloustert, past participle bloustert)

blousters (present singular third-person)
blousterin (participle present)
bloustert (past)
bloustert (participle past)

Angus, Southern Mid Scots, Southern Scots

Disputed. Blouster suggests a connection with English bluster, which Skeat says is doubtless associated in idea with blast, compare Old Norse blāstr (“blast, breath, swelling”). According to Bense, forms bluist and bluister are of Low German origins. The diphthong /ou/ may be due to the word blout with its kindred meanings


curfuffle

head

curfuffle (third-person singular simple present curfuffles, present participle curfufflin, simple past curfufflt, past participle curfufflt)

curfuffles (present singular third-person)
curfufflin (participle present)
curfufflt (past)
curfufflt (participle past)


haiver

haiver (third-person singular simple present haivers, present participle haiverin, simple past haivert, past participle haivert)

haivers (present singular third-person)
haiverin (participle present)
haivert (past)
haivert (participle past)

English: haver

Uli stuck his oar in an' said ah wis right an' Marta shid stop haverin [translating liire], that there wis women oot there who wur aye oan the look-oot furra guy who wis as fuckt-up as poss so they kid look eftir him.

2013, Pedro Lenz, translated by Donal McLaughlin, Naw Much of a Talker, Freight Books, page 37:

to haver, talk in a foolish or trivial manner, speak nonsense


haivers

third-person singular simple present indicative form of haiver


tak the guid o

tak the guid o (third-person singular simple present taks the guid o, present participle takkin the guid o, simple past teuk the guid o, past participle takken the guid o)

taks the guid o (present singular third-person)
takkin the guid o (participle present)
teuk the guid o (past)
takken the guid o (participle past)


wirds

third-person singular simple present indicative form of wird


skelf

skelf (third-person singular simple present skelfs, present participle skelfin, simple past skelft, past participle skelft)

skelfs (present singular third-person)
skelfin (participle present)
skelft (past)
skelft (participle past)

From Middle English schelfe and Old Norse skjalf, both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *skelfō.

To lay or set (a person or thing) up, as on a high shelf; to elevate in importance.


spaed

simple past tense and past participle of spae


spaes

third-person singular simple present indicative form of spae


dae guid

tae dae guid (third-person singular simple present daes guid, present participle daein guid, simple past daed guid, past participle duin guid)

tae dae guid (canonical)
daes guid (present singular third-person)
daein guid (participle present)
daed guid (past)
duin guid (participle past)


withgang

withgang (third-person singular simple present withgangs, present participle withgangin, simple past withgangt, past participle withgangt)

withgangs (present singular third-person)
withgangin (participle present)
withgangt (past)
withgangt (participle past)

The verb is from Old Norse viðganga (“to access, admit”), equivalent to with- + gang. It is cognate with Faroese viðganga (“to confess, admit”) and Danish vedgå (“to confess, admit”); compare also Old English wiþgangan (“to go against, oppose, pass away, vanish, disappear”). The noun is from Old Norse viðganga (“access, admission”).


maunna

I'll gie you a bit canny advice, and ye maunna speir what for neither

1815 February 24, [Walter Scott], Guy Mannering; or, The Astrologer. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and Archibald Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:

And then she changed her voice and would be as saft as honey: 'My puir wee Ailie, was I thrawn till ye? Never mind, my bonnie. You and me are a' that's left, and we maunna be ill to ither.'


knusle

head

knusle (third-person singular simple present knusles, present participle knuslin, simple past knuselt, past participle knuselt)

knusles (present singular third-person)
knuslin (participle present)
knuselt (past)
knuselt (participle past)


champit

simple past tense and past participle of champ


prons

third-person singular simple present indicative form of pron


pran't

simple past tense and past participle of pran


prans

third-person singular simple present indicative form of pran


smusht

simple past tense and past participle of smush


thrimmelt

simple past tense and past participle of thrimmle


thrimmles

third-person singular simple present indicative form of thrimmle


thrimmle

thrimmle (third-person singular simple present thrimmles, present participle thrimmlin, simple past thrimmelt, past participle thrimmelt)

thrimmles (present singular third-person)
thrimmlin (participle present)
thrimmelt (past)
thrimmelt (participle past)

(with on) to push, force, foist something on someone

to push, jostle, or squeeze one's way through a crowd, etc.


birsed

simple past tense and past participle of birse


jirt

jirt (third-person singular simple present jirts, present participle jirtin, simple past jirtit, past participle jirtit)

jirts (present singular third-person)
jirtin (participle present)
jirtit (past)
jirtit (participle past)


chirt

chirt (third-person singular simple present chirts, present participle chirtin, simple past chirtit, past participle chirtit)

chirts (present singular third-person)
chirtin (participle present)
chirtit (past)
chirtit (participle past)


gnidge

gnidge (third-person singular simple present gnidges, present participle gnidgin, simple past gnidged, past participle gnidged)

gnidges (present singular third-person)
gnidgin (participle present)
gnidged (past)
gnidged (participle past)


streend

streend (third-person singular simple present streends, present participle streendin, simple past streendit, past participle streendit)

streends (present singular third-person)
streendin (participle present)
streendit (past)
streendit (participle past)

(Southern Scots) Alternative form of streen


streen

streen (third-person singular simple present streens, present participle streenin, simple past streent, past participle streent)

streens (present singular third-person)
streenin (participle present)
streent (past)
streent (participle past)

Middle English, from Old French estreindre.

to strain, squeeze, extort money or confessions, etc.


streent

simple past tense and past participle of streen


nievel

nievel (third-person singular simple present nievels, present participle nievelin, simple past nievelt, past participle nievelt)

nievels (present singular third-person)
nievelin (participle present)
nievelt (past)
nievelt (participle past)

to grip, squeeze or pinch with the fingers


knidge

knidge (third-person singular simple present knidges, present participle knidgin, simple past knidged, past participle knidged)

knidges (present singular third-person)
knidgin (participle present)
knidged (past)
knidged (participle past)

Possibly of North Germanic origin; compare English nudge.


brousle

brousle (third-person singular simple present brousles, present participle brouslin, simple past brouselt, past participle brouselt)

brousles (present singular third-person)
brouslin (participle present)
brouselt (past)
brouselt (participle past)


grush

grush (third-person singular simple present grushes, present participle grushin, simple past grusht, past participle grusht)

grushes (present singular third-person)
grushin (participle present)
grusht (past)
grusht (participle past)

Of Germanic origin, related to Old English grut (“malt mash”) (modern grout). See also English grit. Not related to English crush.


sautit

simple past tense and past participle of saut


mairy

mairy (third-person singular simple present mairies, present participle mairin, simple past mairit, past participle mairit)

mairies (present singular third-person)
mairin (participle present)
mairit (past)
mairit (participle past)


staun

staun (third-person singular simple present stauns, present participle staunin, simple past stood, past participle stood)

stauns (present singular third-person)
staunin (participle present)
stood (past)
stood (participle past)

Walkin doon ae the live lounge though there's somebody stawnin at the door, the kind ae cunt that strikes fear intae mah very heart – a bouncer.

2018, Chris McQueer, HWFG, 404Ink, published 2018, page 4:


jarg

jarg (third-person singular simple present jargs, present participle jargin, simple past jargit, past participle jargit)

jargs (present singular third-person)
jargin (participle present)
jargit (past)
jargit (participle past)


jargs

third-person singular simple present indicative form of jarg


breard

breard (third-person singular simple present breards, present participle breardin, simple past breardt, past participle breardt)

breards (present singular third-person)
breardin (participle present)
breardt (past)
breardt (participle past)

(archaic, agriculture) To sprout; to suddenly appear; to germinate.


cammel

cammel (third-person singular simple present cammels, present participle cammelin, simple past cammelt, past participle cammelt)

cammels (present singular third-person)
cammelin (participle present)
cammelt (past)
cammelt (participle past)

(archaic) To argue or dispute (cf. English dialect cample).


chork

chork (third-person singular simple present chorks, present participle chorkin, simple past chorkt, past participle chorkt)

chorks (present singular third-person)
chorkin (participle present)
chorkt (past)
chorkt (participle past)

(archaic) To make a squelching sound, especially due to water-logged footwear when walking.


clour

clour (third-person singular simple present clours, present participle clourin, simple past clourt, past participle clourt)

clours (present singular third-person)
clourin (participle present)
clourt (past)
clourt (participle past)

From Old Norse klóra (“to scratch, scrawl”). Noun is from Old Norse klór (“a scratching”).

(archaic) To hit or cause a blow, to dent or disfigure.


enfauld

enfauld (third-person singular simple present enfaulds, present participle enfauldin, simple past enfauldit, past participle enfauldit)

enfaulds (present singular third-person)
enfauldin (participle present)
enfauldit (past)
enfauldit (participle past)


dammish

dammish (third-person singular simple present dammishes, present participle dammishin, simple past dammisht, past participle dammisht)

dammishes (present singular third-person)
dammishin (participle present)
dammisht (past)
dammisht (participle past)

to bruise the surface of an apple or other fruit by a knock

to injure, to damage (generally used as an expletive)


spraff

spraff (third-person singular simple present spraffs, present participle spraffin, simple past sprafft, past participle sprafft)

spraffs (present singular third-person)
spraffin (participle present)
sprafft (past)
sprafft (participle past)


daurna

O Wind, hae maircy, haud yer whisht, for I daurna listen mair!

1915, Violet Jacob, The Wild Geese, or Norland Wind, (line 16)

O Wind, have mercy, keep silent, for I daren't listen more!


fauch

fauch (third-person singular simple present fauchs, present participle fauchin, simple past faucht, past participle faucht)

fauchs (present singular third-person)
fauchin (participle present)
faucht (past)
faucht (participle past)

Old Scots faulch, from Old English fealh "fallow land".

To plough; to harrow; to prepare fallow ground for planting.

(by extension) To scratch, to scrub; to toil, to work hard, to work quickly; to scrounge; to beat.


luves

third-person singular simple present indicative form of luve, English: loves


luved

simple past tense and past participle of luve, English: loved


hech

hech (third-person singular simple present hechs, present participle hechin, simple past hecht, past participle hecht)

hechs (present singular third-person)
hechin (participle present)
hecht (past)
hecht (participle past)

To breathe uneasily or quickly, to exclaim as above.


traivel

traivel (third-person singular simple present traivels, present participle traivelin, simple past traivelt, past participle traivelt)

traivels (present singular third-person)
traivelin (participle present)
traivelt (past)
traivelt (participle past)


contreibute

contreibute (third-person singular simple present contreibutes, present participle contreibutin, simple past contreibutet, past participle contreibutet)

contreibutes (present singular third-person)
contreibutin (participle present)
contreibutet (past)
contreibutet (participle past)


contreibutes

third-person singular simple present indicative form of contreibute


contreibutet

simple past tense and past participle of contreibute


goam

goam (third-person singular simple present goams, present participle goamin, simple past goamt, past participle goamt)

goams (present singular third-person)
goamin (participle present)
goamt (past)
goamt (participle past)

From the same Middle English word as gaum and gorm (and goam), which see for more.

The puir creature paid the most marked attention to the young man, scarcely goaming me; but, for a' that, I could see plainly aneugh that she preferred me in her heart.

1836, John Mackay Wilson, Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland:


wheenge

wheenge (third-person singular simple present wheenges, present participle wheenging, simple past wheenged, past participle wheenged)

wheenges (present singular third-person)
wheenging (participle present)
wheenged (past)
wheenged (participle past)


swick

swick (third-person singular simple present swicks, present participle swickin, simple past swickt, past participle swickt)

swicks (present singular third-person)
swickin (participle present)
swickt (past)
swickt (participle past)

From Middle English swiken (“to deceive”), from Old English swīcan and swician (“to deceive, cheat, swindle, wander”), related to English swike. More at swike.


foost

foost (third-person singular simple present foosts, present participle foostin, simple past foostt, past participle foostt)

foosts (present singular third-person)
foostin (participle present)
foostt (past)
foostt (participle past)

From Old French fust (“wood”) (modern French fût), from Latin fustis (“a cudgel”).


foosts

third-person singular simple present indicative form of foost


foryeild

foryeild (third-person singular simple present foryeilds, present participle foryeildin, simple past foryeildit, past participle foryeildit)

foryeilds (present singular third-person)
foryeildin (participle present)
foryeildit (past)
foryeildit (participle past)

From Old Scots forȝelde, from Middle English forȝelden, from Old English forġieldan (“to pay for; repay; requite”), equivalent to for- + yeild. Cognate with English foryield, Saterland Frisian ferjäilde (“to repay”), Dutch vergelden (“to reward; recompense; requite; reciprocate”), German vergelten (“to repay; requite; reward”).


scrieve

head

scrieve (third-person singular simple present scrieves, present participle scrievein, simple past scrievet, past participle scrievet)

scrieves (present singular third-person)
scrievein (participle present)
scrievet (past)
scrievet (participle past)


scaud

scaud (third-person singular simple present scauds, present participle scauding, simple past scauded, past participle scauded)

scauds (present singular third-person)
scauding (participle present)
scauded (past)
scauded (participle past)


mant

mant (third-person singular simple present mants, present participle mantin, simple past mantt, past participle mantt)

mants (present singular third-person)
mantin (participle present)
mantt (past)
mantt (participle past)

From Middle Scots mant (“to stammer”), from Scottish Gaelic mannda or Irish manntach (“stammering, toothless”) (modern mantach), from Irish mant (“tooth gap”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to stand out”), similar to Proto-Germanic *munþaz (“mouth”), Latin mentum (“chin”).


behecht

From Middle English behiȝt, a variant of behete, behote, from Old English behātan (“to order; command; promise”). More at behight.


haig

head

haig (third-person singular simple present haigs, present participle haigin, simple past haigt, past participle haigt)

haigs (present singular third-person)
haigin (participle present)
haigt (past)
haigt (participle past)


manifestit

simple past tense and past participle of manifest


oreeginates

third-person singular simple present indicative form of oreeginate


oreeginatit

simple past tense and past participle of oreeginate


goand

From Middle English goand, goande, variant of Middle English goende, goonde, gond, gonde, from Old English gānde, from Proto-Germanic *gāndz, present participle of Proto-West Germanic *gān (“to go”), equivalent to go + -and.
Cognate with West Frisian geanend (“going, walking”), Dutch gaand (“going, walking”), Low German gahn (“going, walking”), German gehend (“going, walking”), Danish gående (“going, walking”), Norwegian gående (“going, walking”), Swedish gående (“going, walking”).

Goand snell athwart the houf, hoo hent 'im be the swyr.

Going swiftly across the churchyard, she grabbed him by the neck.

Goand oot of the holt, she saw a woundor baist.

Going out of the woods, she saw a magical creature.

A thirsty man … goand by a tavern.

1561, Kennedy, Q., Oratioune, (Please provide the book title or journal name):


fissle

to fistle, to make a slight and continued noise; to rustle


froad

froad (third-person singular simple present froads, present participle froadin, simple past froadt, past participle froadt)

froads (present singular third-person)
froadin (participle present)
froadt (past)
froadt (participle past)

Whin we cam in Sibbie wis jüist set da kit wi' da kye's mylk apo da flüer. Hit wis warm an' froadin' apo' da tap.

1922, James Inskster, Mansie's Röd, page 97:


froods

third-person singular simple present indicative form of frood


froads

third-person singular simple present indicative form of froad


froodt

simple past tense and past participle of frood


froadt

simple past tense and past participle of froad


froeds

third-person singular simple present indicative form of froed


froedt

simple past tense and past participle of froed


hobbel

hobbel (third-person singular simple present ?, present participle ?, simple past hobbeld, past participle hobbeld)

hobbeld (past)
hobbeld (participle past)

Uncertain; perhaps related to German Hobel "plane; carpenter's axe". Compare the nouns hobble "state of confusion; difficulty" and hobbell "part of a shoe; a cobbler".


ingive

ingive (third-person singular simple present ingives, present participle ingiving, simple past ingave, past participle ingiven)

ingives (present singular third-person)
ingiving (participle present)
ingave (past)
ingiven (participle past)

To turn or hand in (documents, papers, materials, etc.) for an official purpose; submit


droon

droon (third-person singular simple present droons, present participle droonin, simple past droont, past participle droont)

droons (present singular third-person)
droonin (participle present)
droont (past)
droont (participle past)


carfuffle

carfuffle (third-person singular simple present carfuffles, present participle carfufflin, simple past carfufflt, past participle carfufflt)

carfuffles (present singular third-person)
carfufflin (participle present)
carfufflt (past)
carfufflt (participle past)

To throw into disorder or confusion; disarrange


keb

keb (third-person singular present kebs, present participle kebbin, past kebbit, past participle kebbit)

kebs (present singular third-person)
kebbin (participle present)
kebbit (past)
kebbit (participle past)

[H]e is usually identified with the malignant dæmon called the Man of the Moors, whose feats were quoted by Mrs Elliot to her grandsons; and, accordingly, is generally represented as bewitching the sheep, causing the ewes to keb, that is, to cast their lambs, or seen loosening the impending wreath of snow to precipitate its weight on such as take shelter, during the storm, […]

1816, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter XIX, in Tales of My Landlord, […], volume I (The Black Dwarf), Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for William Blackwood, […]; London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, page 362:

(transitive, intransitive) Of a ewe: to cast a lamb prematurely, to give birth to a dead lamb.


kebbit

simple past tense and past participle of keb


skult

skult (third-person singular simple present skults, present participle skultin, simple past skultt, past participle skultt)

skults (present singular third-person)
skultin (participle present)
skultt (past)
skultt (participle past)


juik

juik (third-person singular simple present juiks, present participle juikin, simple past juikt, past participle juikt)

juiks (present singular third-person)
juikin (participle present)
juikt (past)
juikt (participle past)


lauch

lauch (third-person singular simple present lauchs, present participle lauchin, simple past leuch, past participle lauchen)

lauchs (present singular third-person)
lauchin (participle present)
leuch (past)
lauchen (participle past)
leuchen (also participle past)

From Middle English laghen, laȝhen, lahen, from Old English hliehhan, from Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną. More at laugh.


fliss

fliss (third-person singular simple present flisses, present participle flissin, simple past flisst, past participle flisst)

flisses (present singular third-person)
flissin (participle present)
flisst (past)
flisst (participle past)

Borrowed from Norwegian flis (“splinter”), from Old Norse flís, from Proto-Germanic *flīsō (“splinter”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pley- (“to split”). Cognate with Icelandic flís (“splinter; sliver; chip”), Norwegian flis (“a splinter”), Swedish flisa (“splinter; sliver; flake”), Danish flise (“splinter; tile”), German Fliese (“tile; flag”), Norwegian flysja (“to slice; split; peel off”).


bairnt

simple past tense and past participle of bairn


annt

head

annt (third-person singular simple present annts, present participle anntin, simple past anntit, past participle anntit)

annts (present singular third-person)
anntin (participle present)
anntit (past)
anntit (participle past)


yirdit

yirdit (third-person singular simple present yirds, present participle yirdin, simple past yirdit, past participle yirdit)

yirds (present singular third-person)
yirdin (participle present)
yirdit (past)
yirdit (participle past)

simple past tense and past participle of yird


abaise

abaise (third-person singular simple present abaises, present participle abaising, simple past abaised, past participle abaised)

abaises (present singular third-person)
abaising (participle present)
abaised (past)
abaised (participle past)

(archaic) to abase, to deprive of confidence or courage, to make downcast or astounded, to dismay


aicht

Fa echts aa thae sheep, quo the fause knicht upon the road,
Ma mither's and ma ain, quo the wee boy, an still he stood.

1968, traditional Child ballad, “The Fause Knight Upon the Road”, in Ballads and Songs of Scotland, performed by Norman Kennedy:

Who owns all of those sheep, said the false knight upon the road,
My mother and myself, said the little boy, and still he stood.

possessed of (with dependent substantive)


absteen

From Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstineō (“to hold oneself back”).


abuise

Southern Scots, South Northern Scots, Northern Isles

From Middle English abusen, noun has s for z.


knicht

knicht (third-person singular simple present knichts, present participle knichtin, simple past knichtit, past participle knichtit)

knichts (present singular third-person)
knichtin (participle present)
knichtit (past)
knichtit (participle past)


hirsle

(intransitive) To slide or move, resting on the hams.

(intransitive) To move forward with a rustling sound.


thratch

Origin obscure. Likely from Middle English threken, thricchen (“to push, squeeze”), from Old English þryċċan (“to press”), from Proto-West Germanic *þrukkijan (“to press”). Cognate with English thrutch.

unc

obscure

inh

To twist the body about; to struggle; to writhe, convulse, or contort.


accuistom

head

accuistom (third-person singular simple present accuistoms, present participle accuistomin, simple past accuistomed, past participle accuistomed)

accuistoms (present singular third-person)
accuistomin (participle present)
accuistomed (past)
accuistomed (participle past)


ackaduir

ackaduir (third-person singular simple present ackaduirs, present participle ackaduirin, simple past ackaduirt, past participle ackaduirt)

ackaduirs (present singular third-person)
ackaduirin (participle present)
ackaduirt (past)
ackaduirt (participle past)

(Shetland) to persevere, endure, endeavour


get abuin

get abuin (third-person singular simple present gets abuin, present participle gettin abuin, simple past gat abuin, past participle gotten abuin)

gets abuin (present singular third-person)
gettin abuin (participle present)
gat abuin (past)
gotten abuin (participle past)

(idiomatic, transitive) To get over something; to recover from an illness or disappointment.


win abuin

win abuin (third-person singular simple present wins abuin, present participle winnin abuin, simple past wan abuin, past participle wun abuin)

wins abuin (present singular third-person)
winnin abuin (participle present)
wan abuin (past)
wun abuin (participle past)


disabuise

disabuise (third-person singular simple present disabuises, present participle disabuisin, simple past disabuised, past participle disabuised)

disabuises (present singular third-person)
disabuisin (participle present)
disabuised (past)
disabuised (participle past)

dis- (“an intensifier of words with negative valence”) + abuise (“abuse”)


abund

head

abund (third-person singular simple present abunds, present participle abundin, simple past abundit, past participle abundit)

abunds (present singular third-person)
abundin (participle present)
abundit (past)
abundit (participle past)

From Middle English abounden, from Old French abonder, from Latin abundāre.


addictit

simple past and past participle of addict


adheebit

adheebit (third-person singular simple present adheebits, present participle adheebitin, simple past adheebitit, past participle adheebitit)

adheebits (present singular third-person)
adheebitin (participle present)
adheebitit (past)
adheebitit (participle past)


admeenister

admeenister (third-person singular simple present admeenisters, present participle admeenisterin, simple past admeenistert, past participle admeenistert)

admeenisters (present singular third-person)
admeenisterin (participle present)
admeenistert (past)
admeenistert (participle past)

From Middle English administren, from Old French aminister, from Latin administrare (“to manage, execute”).


adverteese

head

adverteese (third-person singular simple present adverteeses, present participle adverteesin, simple past adverteesˈd, past participle adverteesˈd)

adverteeses (present singular third-person)
adverteesin (participle present)
adverteesˈd (past)
adverteesˈd (participle past)

From Middle English advertisen, from Anglo-Norman advertir (“to inform”), avertir.


affroad

affroad (third-person singular simple present affroads, present participle affroadin, simple past affroadit, past participle affroadit)

affroads (present singular third-person)
affroadin (participle present)
affroadit (past)
affroadit (participle past)

(Shetland) to dissuade, head off, discourage


affuird

affuird (third-person singular simple present affuirds, present participle affuirdin, simple past affuirdit, past participle affuirdit)

affuirds (present singular third-person)
affuirdin (participle present)
affuirdit (past)
affuirdit (participle past)

Southern Scots, North East Central, South Northern Scots, Northern Isles

From Middle English aforthen, from Old English ġeforþian, forþian (“to further, accomplish, afford”). Compare English afford.


whank

whank (third-person singular simple present whanks, present participle whankin, simple past whankit, past participle whankit)

whanks (present singular third-person)
whankin (participle present)
whankit (past)
whankit (participle past)

But tho' I get my hurdies whankit, / An' wi' the hare-brain'd core be rankit

1807, James Ruickbie, “Epistle to Mr. J___ Y___, Merchant”, in The Way-Side Cottager, page 175:

Straucht across the rig frae fur to fur I walkit, whankin' doon whatever opposed my progress—corn, thristles, carl-doddies, broom-cowes—every green herb, in short, an' ilka time I cam' oot o' the corn I brocht nae less than a sheaf in my oxter […]

1864, William Duncan Latto, Tammas Bodkin: Or, The Humours of a Scottish Tailor, page 375:

My faither had nae patience to lowse the raips frae the parcel, but sent me up for the sheers, wherewith he whankit them aff, juist as if they had been a wheen beasin' steeks, greatly to my mither's horification, wha said it was "sae wasterfulike."

1864, William Duncan Latto, Tammas Bodkin: Or, The Humours of a Scottish Tailor, page 68:

To cut, especially to cut off a large portion.


whanks

third-person singular simple present indicative form of whank


whankit

simple past tense and past participle of whank


beld

beld (third-person singular simple present belds, present participle beldin, simple past beldit, past participle beld)

belds (present singular third-person)
beldin (participle present)
beldit (past)
beld (participle past)


scaff

Possibly a borrowing from Old Norse skafa (“to scrape together”).


scouther

(transitive) To fire hastily, as on a gridiron.


gizzen

(intransitive) To shrink from dryness so as to leak; to wither.


coff

coff (third-person singular simple present coffs, present participle coffin, simple past coft, past participle coft)

coffs (present singular third-person)
coffin (participle present)
coft (past)
coft (participle past)

Back-formation from coft (“bought”), from Middle Dutch cofte, gecoft, past and past participle of copen (“buy”).

So she thought to herself what she wad do wi her twal pennies, and at last she thought she couldna do better than gang wi't to the market and buy a kid. Sae she gaued to the market and coffed a fine kid.

1909, Margaret Orvis McCloskey, The McCloskey Primer, page 155:

So she thought to herself about what would she do with her twelve pennies, and at last she thought she could not do better than to go to the market and buy a goat. Well, she went to the market and bought a fine kid.


thraw

thraw (third-person singular simple present thraws, present participle thrawin, simple past thrawt, past participle thrawt)

thraws (present singular third-person)
thrawin (participle present)
thrawt (past)
thrawt (participle past)

From Middle English thrawen, from Old English þrāwan (“to turn, twist, curl, rack, torture, turn around”), from Proto-West Germanic *þrāan, from Proto-Germanic *þrēaną (“to twist, turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, rub by twisting, twist, turn”). Cognate with English throe, throw.