Greenland

Calque of Old Norse Grœnland, from grœnn (“green”) + land (“land”).

Greenland (a large self-governing island and dependent territory of Denmark, in North America)


Denmark

From Danish Danmark, from Old Norse Danmǫrk.


Faroe Islands

Faroe Islands (an archipelago and self-governing dependent territory of Denmark, in the North Atlantic Ocean)


Vietnam

From English Vietnam, from Vietnamese Việt Nam.


Sydney

Sydney (the capital city of New South Wales, Australia)


Babylon

(historical) Babylon (an ancient city in Mesopotamia, built on the banks of the Euphrates, which was the capital of Babylonia)


Wilton

From Early Scots Weltoun, perhaps ultimately from Old English wilġ tūn (“farm by the willows”).


Eid

English: Eid

From Old Norse Eið, from eið (“isthmus”).

Aith (a village in Mainland, Shetland, Northern Isles, Scotland, United Kingdom)


Gordon

From Early Scots Gordoun, from Old English gor-dūn (“mud hill”), from gor + dun.

Gordon (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)


Dunbar

Dunbar (a town in East Lothian council area, Scotland)


skerry

Borrowed from Old Norse sker, from Proto-Germanic *skarją, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).

Tae the icy flowes o the Shetlan voes he sailed tae Scalloway, / There his sweethairt won, far a Viking sun shines ower the skerries grey.

2004, Sheena Blackhall, The Humpty Dumpty Man:


muir

From Middle English more, from Old English mōr, from Proto-Germanic *mōraz.

This man, so gallant and braw, would never be for her; doubtless the fine suit and the capering horse were for Joan o' the Croft's pleasure. And he, in turn, when he remarked her wan cheeks and dowie eyes, had mind to what the dark man said on the muir, and saw in her a maid sworn to no mortal love.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:


Loch Ness

From Scottish Gaelic, from Pictish, from Celtic

Loch Ness: A lake in Scotland, United Kingdom


Australie

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Glesca

Glasgow (a major city and council area of Scotland, largest city in Scotland)


heuch

heuchs (plural)
hews (plural)
heughs (plural)

Old English hōh. Cognate with English hoe (“promontory”).


Hawick

From Early Scots Havwic, perhaps ultimately from Old English haga wīċ (“village surrounded by a hedge”).


Roushie

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Isle o Man

Isle of Man (an island and Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea)


Lunnon

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Glesga

Alternative spelling of Glesca: Glasgow (a major city and council area of Scotland)


Ingland

From Middle English Ingland, from Old English Engla land (literally “land of the Angles”)


Palmira

Palmyra (ancient Semitic city in modern Syria)


Hutton

From Early Scots Hutoun, ultimately from Old English hōh-tūn (“farm on a hill”).


Langhowm

lang (“long”) + howm (“low area near a river”).


Minnyhive

From Scottish Gaelic Am Moine Naomh (“The Holy Moor”).


Kirkoubrie

From Scottish Gaelic Cille Chuithbeirt (“Chapel of Cuthbert”); cf. archaic Kilcudbrit.


Sanchar

From Scottish Gaelic An t-Seann Chathair.


Stranrawer

From Scottish Gaelic an t-Sròn Reamhar (“the broad hillside”).


Innerleithen

From Scottish Gaelic Inbhir Leitheann (“confluence of the Leithen”).


Ednam

From Middle English Edeneham (“settlement near the Eden Water”), from Old English Ædnaham, ultimately from Brythonic root *Ituna.


Cardrona

Possibly from Cumbric caer (“fort”) + tronau (“of the thrones”) or caer + trywnau (“on the hills”).

compound

Cardrona (a village in Scotland), near Peebles


Ulston

From Early Scots Ulvestoun (“Ulf's homestead”), ultimately from Old Norse given name Úlfr.

der

Ulston, near Jedburgh, Scottish Borders (OS grid ref NT6721)


Prieston

priest + toun ("village of the priests").


Rennieston

From Early Scots Raynaldistoune (“Reinald's settlement”).


Maxton

From Middle English Mackustun (“Maccus' homestead”).


Hobkirk

From Middle Scots Hoppkirck (“church in an enclosed valley”); cf. Middle English hope-kirke.


Owsenam

From Middle English Oxenham (“village of the oxen”), from Old English oxena + hām.


Braidhauch

braid (“broad”) + haugh (“flat area by a river-side”).


Whithaugh

white + haugh (“meadow by a river-side”).


Addinston

From Early Scots Aldenistoun (“Alden's homestead”), from Northumbrian Old English Ealdwines tūn (“Ealdwine's homestead”) or Healfdenes tūn (“Healfdene's homestead”) (the latter ultimately from the Old Norse given name Halfdan).


Arkleton

From Middle Scots Arkiltoun, Arkletoun, Arkyldon (“Arkil's farm”), from Middle English Arkil, a given name. From Old Danish Arnkell, from Old Norse Arnketill.


Yerlston

From Middle Scots Erlistoun, from Early Scots Erceldoun, possibly from Old English given name Ærċel or a Brythonic place name.


Morebattle

From Middle Scots Morbottle, from Early Scots Mereboda, from Northumbrian Old English mere-bōtl (“dwelling by the lake”).


Lambden

From Early Scots Lambeden, from Old English lamb-denu (“valley of the lambs”).

der

Lambden, a village in the Scottish Borders north of Kelso (OS grid ref NT7443)


Caustrim

cauld (“cold”) + stream, from Early Scots Cauldstreme.


Lilliesleaf

From Early Scots Lyllesclefe or Lyllescleue, ultimately from Northumbrian Old English Lilles clif (“Lill's cliff”).


Eckford

From Middle Scots Eckfurd, from Early Scots Eckeforde, ultimately from the Old English given name Ecca.


Darnick

From Middle Scots Darnwick, from Early Scots Dernewic (“secret village”).


Caddonfoot

A village in the Scottish Borders where the Caddon Water joins the Tweed Water (Scots Watter o Tweid).


Bedshiel

From Middle Scots Betscheill, possibly from Middle English Bĕschele deriving from Old English given name Bēda or perhaps from Scottish Gaelic root beith (“birch tree”).


Polart

From Early Scots Poulesworth (“Paul's homestead”).


Leitholm

From Early Scots Letham (“village on the Leet Water”).


Dryburgh

dry + burgh (“borough”), perhaps ultimately from Northumbrian Old English dryġe burh (“dry fort”).


Foulden

From Early Scots Fugeldene, ultimately from Northumbrian Old English fugol denu (“valley of the birds”).


Lindean

From Early Scots Lynden, ultimately from Northumbrian Old English hlynn denu (“valley of the waterfall”).

Lindean, a village in the Scottish Borders which stands on the Linn Burn.


Nisbet

From Middle English nesebit (“nose-shaped piece of land”).


Reston

From Early Scots Ristun, probably from Northumbrian Old English hrīs-tūn (“farm by the brushwood”).


Cummernaud

From Scottish Gaelic comar nan allt (“the meeting of the streams”).


Dumbartoun

From Scottish Gaelic Dùn Breatann (“fort of the Britons”).


Kineussie

From Scottish Gaelic Ceann a' Ghiùthsaich (“head of the pine forest”).


Aiberdeen

Traveller Scottish: Aiberdeen


Swaden

desc

→ English: Sweden (probably through alternative form) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Middle Dutch Sweden, dative of Swede.


Swisserland

(archaic) Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Newfoundland an Labrador

Newfoundland and Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador


Innerness

Inverness (a cathedral city, the administrative center of Highland council area, Scotland)


Gladsmuir

A village and parish of East Lothian council area, Scotland.


Aan

Avon (a river in the Highlands of Scotland; a tributary of the River Spey)


Abriven

Aberuthven, a village in Perth and Kinross, Scotland


Abyne

Aboyne, a village in Aberdeenshire, Scotland


Achencraw

Auchencrow, a village in the Scottish Borders.


Adderton

Edrington, a medieval estate in Berwickshire in the Scottish Borders


Aderom

Edrom, a village in Berwickshire in the Scottish Borders.


Ahauchill

Ahoghill, a village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland.


Aiberfyle

Aberfoyle, a village in Perthshire, Scotland.


Aibey St Bathans

Abbey St Bathans, a village in Berwickshire, Scotland


Aiberleddy

Aberlady, a village in East Lothian, Scotland.


Pairth

The driver was certainly outspoken: "Och, ye'll be mighty glad when we get to Pairth"!

1948 May and June, O. S. Nock, “Scottish Night Mails of the L.M.S.R.—3”, in Railway Magazine (overall work in English), page 159:

Och, you'll be mighty glad when we get to Perth"!