abba

From Latin aqua. Compare with the Campidanese àcua phonetic variation. Compare also with the Romanian apă.

(Logudorese, Nuorese) (by extension) rain

(Logudorese, in the plural) amniotic fluid, waters


Bulgaria

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


abate

head

abate m (plural abates, feminine badessa)

From Italian abate, from Late Latin abbās, abbātem, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”). Compare Campidanese abati.


a-

Inherited from Classical Latin ad-, from the preposition ad (“to, towards”).


eo

eo (first person singular, possessive meu)

From Latin egō, from Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare Italian io, Sicilian iu.


is

From syllabic apocope of issos, issas, from Latin ipsōs, ipsās, masculine and feminine accusative plural forms of ipse (“himself”).

plural of su: the (masculine plural definite article)

plural of sa: the (feminine plural definite article)


Malta

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago)


ad

Alternative form of a, sometimes used before vowels


de

From Latin dē, from Proto-Italic *dē, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *de.

Used to indicate possession, after the thing owned and before the owner; of; ’s

Expresses composition; of, made of, in or more often omitted

(followed by an infinitive) to or omitted

Used in some expressions in a partitive-like function, often without article.


cane

From Latin canis, canem (“dog”). Cognate with Italian cane.


in

From Latin in, from earlier en, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).


o

From Italian o (“or”), from Latin aut (“or”), from Proto-Italic *auti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewti (“on the other hand”), derived from *h₂ew (“away from, off”). Doublet of a.


o

O Frantziscu!

(Logudorese, Campidanese) a vocative particle; o, hey


o

Morta ti ses, o tessidora bella

(Logudorese, Campidanese) used before epithets, describing the person being addressed, for emphasis; you


banana

From Spanish banana, from Wolof banaana.


mariposa

(Campidanese) Alternative form of maniposa


re

Coordinate term: reina


an

Sette calonicheḍḍos
Falan a Ffiniscole
A ffacher ẓibbileu
An dommo de una monẓa.

1896, Egidio Bellorini, “Non temere; io torno e ti sposo”, in Canti popolari amorosi raccolti a Nuoro, Bergamo, section 153, page 79, lines 1–4:

Seven priests go down to Siniscola, to have a jubilee at a nun's house.

(Nuorese) Alternative form of a, used before words starting with d-


so

first-person singular present indicative of èssere


mama

From Latin mamma, from Ancient Greek μάμμη (mámmē).


chin

From Latin cum (“with”), from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”). The shift -u- → -i- is probably due to analogy with in.
Compare Logudorese and Campidanese cun, Italian con, Portuguese com, Spanish con, Romanian cu, Sicilian cu.


e

From Latin et, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *éti.


essere

[ˈɛs.sɛ.ɾɛ̆]

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse.

inh+

Eo so su chi so

I am who I am (literally, “I am that which I am”)

Est in Tatari ― [He] is in Sassari

(intransitive) to be (to occupy a place)


essere

[ˈɛs.sɛ.ɾɛ̆]

sos esseres umanos


tres

From Latin trēs, from Proto-Italic *trēs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


mela

From Late Latin mēla, from mēlum, from Latin mālum.


Turkia

Turkey (a country located in Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


chi

From Latin quid, from Proto-Italic *kʷid, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷid.


chi

(relative, Limba Sarda Comuna) who, whom, which (nominative and accusative case)


ape

From Latin apis, apem. Compare Logudorese abe, Campidanese abi.


est

From Latin est, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.

third-person singular present indicative of èssere


corpus

From Latin corpus, from Proto-Italic *korpos, from Proto-Indo-European *krépos ~ *krépesos, derived from the root *krep- (“body”). Compare English riff.

tènnere unu corpus atlèticu

(anatomy) body (physical structure of a human or animal)

sos disìgios de su corpus

body (fleshly or corporeal nature of a human)

Cale si siat corpus est sugetu a sa fortza de gravidade

Any body is subject to gravitational force

body (any physical object or material thing)

body (organisation, company or other authoritative group)


nie

(Logudorese) Alternative form of nibe (“snow”)


cabra

From Latin capra, from caper, from Proto-Indo-European *kápros.


vos

From Latin vōs, from Proto-Italic *wōs, from the oblique case forms of Proto-Indo-European *yū́ (“you”).


luna

From Latin lūna, from Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.


manu

From Latin manus. Compare Catalan mà, French main, Galician man, Italian mano, Occitan man, Portuguese mão, Romanian mână, Spanish mano.


nos

From Latin nōs, from Proto-Italic *nōs, from the oblique case forms of Proto-Indo-European *wéy (“we”).


oca

From Late Latin auca, syncope of *avica, from classical Latin avis (“bird”). Compare Catalan, Spanish, Venetian, and Sicilian oca, French oie, Occitan auca, Romansh auca, ocha, Friulian ocje, Dalmatian jauca.


ibi

From Latin ibi. Found in various Nuorese-speaking towns, along with the variant ibe.


suu

head

suu (plural suos, feminine sua, feminine plural suas)

suos (plural)
sua (feminine)
suas (feminine plural)


linna

From Latin ligna, plural of lignum, from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-no- (“that which is collected”), from *leǵ-.


semper

From Latin semper, whose first element is ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”).


domo

From Latin domus (“house”), from Proto-Italic *domos, from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm, derived from the root *dem- (“to build”).


cantare

cantare (infinitive)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
cantende (gerund)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
cantadu (participle past)
canto (first-person indicative present singular)
cantas (indicative present second-person singular)
cantat (indicative present singular third-person)
cantamus (first-person indicative plural present)
cantades (indicative plural present second-person)
cantant (indicative plural present third-person)
cantaia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cantaio (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cantaias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cantaiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cantaìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cantaìazis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cantaiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a cantare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a cantare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a cantare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a cantare (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a cantare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a cantare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia cantare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias cantare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat cantare (conditional present singular third-person)
diemus cantare (conditional first-person plural present)
diedas cantare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant cantare (conditional plural present third-person)
cante (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cantes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cantet (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cantemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cantedas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cantent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cantere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
canteres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
canteret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cantèremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
cantèrezis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
canterent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
canta (imperative second-person singular)
cantet (imperative singular third-person)
cantemus (first-person imperative plural)
cantade (imperative plural second-person)
cantent (imperative plural third-person)
cantare (infinitive)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
cantende (gerund)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
cantau (participle past)
canto (first-person indicative present singular)
cantas (indicative present second-person singular)
cantat (indicative present singular third-person)
cantamus (first-person indicative plural present)
cantaes (indicative plural present second-person)
cantant (indicative plural present third-person)
cantabo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cantabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cantabat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cantabamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cantabazes (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cantabant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a cantare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a cantare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a cantare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a cantare (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a cantare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a cantare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia cantare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias cantare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat cantare (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus cantare (conditional first-person plural present)
diazes cantare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant cantare (conditional plural present third-person)
cante (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cantes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cantet (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cantemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cantezas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cantent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cantere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
canteres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
canteret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
canteremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
canterezis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
canterent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
canta (imperative second-person singular)
cantet (imperative singular third-person)
cantemus (first-person imperative plural)
cantae (imperative plural second-person)
cantent (imperative plural third-person)
cantare (infinitive)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
cantende (gerund)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
cantadu (participle past)
canto (first-person indicative present singular)
cantas (indicative present second-person singular)
cantat (indicative present singular third-person)
cantamus (first-person indicative plural present)
cantades (indicative plural present second-person)
cantant (indicative plural present third-person)
cantaia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cantaias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cantaiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cantaìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cantaiais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cantaiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a cantare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a cantare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a cantare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a cantare (first-person future indicative plural)
ais a cantare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a cantare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia cantare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias cantare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat cantare (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus cantare (conditional first-person plural present)
diais cantare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant cantare (conditional plural present third-person)
cante (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cantes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cantet (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cantemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
canteis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cantent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cantare (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
cantares (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cantaret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cantaremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
cantareis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cantarent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
canta (imperative second-person singular)
cantet (imperative singular third-person)
cantemus (first-person imperative plural)
cantade (imperative plural second-person)
cantent (imperative plural third-person)


stella

From Latin stēlla, from Proto-Italic *stērlā, a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr, derived from the root *h₂eh₁s- (“to burn”).


che

From a contraction of Old Logudorese co e (“as, like”), from Latin quō(modo) et.


mesa

From Vulgar Latin mēsa, from Latin mēnsa.


ballare

ballare (infinitive)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
ballende (gerund)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
balladu (participle past)
ballo (first-person indicative present singular)
ballas (indicative present second-person singular)
ballat (indicative present singular third-person)
ballamus (first-person indicative plural present)
ballades (indicative plural present second-person)
ballant (indicative plural present third-person)
ballaia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ballaio (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ballaias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ballaiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ballaìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ballaìazis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ballaiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a ballare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a ballare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a ballare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a ballare (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a ballare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a ballare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia ballare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias ballare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat ballare (conditional present singular third-person)
diemus ballare (conditional first-person plural present)
diedas ballare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant ballare (conditional plural present third-person)
balle (first-person present singular subjunctive)
balles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ballet (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ballemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
balledas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ballent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ballere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
balleres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
balleret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ballèremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ballèrezis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ballerent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
balla (imperative second-person singular)
ballet (imperative singular third-person)
ballemus (first-person imperative plural)
ballade (imperative plural second-person)
ballent (imperative plural third-person)
ballare (infinitive)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
ballende (gerund)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
balladu (participle past)
ballo (first-person indicative present singular)
ballas (indicative present second-person singular)
ballat (indicative present singular third-person)
ballamus (first-person indicative plural present)
ballades (indicative plural present second-person)
ballant (indicative plural present third-person)
ballaia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ballaias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ballaiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ballaìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ballaiais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ballaiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a ballare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a ballare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a ballare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a ballare (first-person future indicative plural)
ais a ballare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a ballare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia ballare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias ballare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat ballare (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus ballare (conditional first-person plural present)
diais ballare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant ballare (conditional plural present third-person)
balle (first-person present singular subjunctive)
balles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
ballet (present singular subjunctive third-person)
ballemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
balleis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
ballent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
ballare (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
ballares (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
ballaret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
ballaremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
ballareis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
ballarent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
balla (imperative second-person singular)
ballet (imperative singular third-person)
ballemus (first-person imperative plural)
ballade (imperative plural second-person)
ballent (imperative plural third-person)

Borrowed from Italian ballare, from Late Latin ballāre. The Campidanese variant baddai represents the native holdout in a sea of Italianisms.


pasta

From Late Latin pasta, from Ancient Greek παστά (pastá).


bene

From Latin bene (“well”). Compare Italian bene.


sa

head

sa f (plural (Logudorese, Nuorese) sas or (Campidanese) is, masculine su)

sas (Logudorese Nuorese plural)
is (Campidanese plural)
su (masculine)

From Latin ipsa (“herself”), feminine of ipse (“himself”).

(Logudorese, Campidanese, Nuorese) the (feminine singular definite article)


sue

Inherited from Classical Latin sūs, suem, from Proto-Italic *sūs, derived from Proto-Indo-European *suH- (“pig, hog, swine”). Compare Nuorese sughe, Sassarese sua (dialectal sui).


ou

Inherited from Classical Latin ōvum, possibly via Vulgar Latin (*)ŏvum.


feu

Ultimately from Latin foedus. Compare Spanish feo.


d'

From the development of an epenthetic [d] in pronunciation between the prepositions cun/chin/in and the indefinite articles unu, una.

ortographic realization of a [d] sound in certain environments


una

(Logudorese, Campidanese, Nuorese) a, an (indefinite article)


su

head

su m (plural (Logudorese, Nuorese) sos or (Campidanese) is, feminine sa)

sos (Logudorese Nuorese plural)
is (Campidanese plural)
sa (feminine)

From Latin ipsum, accusative singular of ipse (“himself”).

(Logudorese, Campidanese, Nuorese) the (masculine singular definite article)


mesu

From a cross of Latin mēnsus (“measured, distributed”) and medius (“middle, half”). Like Dalmatian mesu and perhaps Venetian miso; unlike Italian mezzo and Romanian miez.


andare

andare (infinitive)
èssere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
andende (gerund)
essende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
andadu (participle past)
ando (first-person indicative present singular)
andas (indicative present second-person singular)
andat (indicative present singular third-person)
andamus (first-person indicative plural present)
andades (indicative plural present second-person)
andant (indicative plural present third-person)
andaia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
andaio (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
andaias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
andaiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
andaìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
andaìazis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
andaiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a andare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a andare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a andare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a andare (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a andare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a andare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of èssere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia andare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias andare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat andare (conditional present singular third-person)
diemus andare (conditional first-person plural present)
diedas andare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant andare (conditional plural present third-person)
ande (first-person present singular subjunctive)
andes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
andet (present singular subjunctive third-person)
andemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
andedas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
andent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
andere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
anderes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
anderet (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
andèremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
andèrezis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
anderent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bae (imperative second-person singular)
andet (imperative singular third-person)
ajò (first-person imperative plural)
bazi (imperative plural second-person)
andent (imperative plural third-person)
andare (infinitive)
èssere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
andende (gerund)
essende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
andadu (participle past)
ando (first-person indicative present singular)
andas (indicative present second-person singular)
andat (indicative present singular third-person)
andamus (first-person indicative plural present)
andades (indicative plural present second-person)
andant (indicative plural present third-person)
andaia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
andaias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
andaiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
andaìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
andaiais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
andaiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a andare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a andare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a andare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a andare (first-person future indicative plural)
ais a andare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a andare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of èssere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia andare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias andare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat andare (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus andare (conditional first-person plural present)
diais andare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant andare (conditional plural present third-person)
ande (first-person present singular subjunctive)
andes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
andet (present singular subjunctive third-person)
andemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
andeis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
andent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
andare (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
andares (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
andaret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
andaremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
andareis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
andarent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
anda (imperative second-person singular)
andet (imperative singular third-person)
andemus (first-person imperative plural)
andade (imperative plural second-person)
andent (imperative plural third-person)

[äɳ.ˈɖäː.ɾɛ]


tuo

tuo (plural tuos, feminine tua, feminine plural tuas)

tuos (plural)
tua (feminine)
tuas (feminine plural)


lei

Borrowed from Spanish ley, from Latin lex, legem.


sou

sou (plural suos, feminine sua, feminine plural suas)


mere

From the nominative of Latin maior (“greater, elder”), via intermediate forms like *maire, *meire. For final /-or/ > /-re/, cf. Sardinian sorre, from Latin soror (“sister”).


core

From Vulgar Latin *corem m, from Latin cor n.
The Logudorese form reflects the replacement of earlier /-e/ with an echo vowel based on the /o/ of the preceding syllable. (Final echo vowels are common across Sardinian dialects.) The Campidanese form reflects, in addition to that, the dialect's general merger of final unstressed /o/ into /u/.


finire

finire (infinitive)
finende (gerund)
finidu (participle past)
fino (first-person indicative present singular)
finis (indicative present second-person singular)
finit (indicative present singular third-person)
finimus (first-person indicative plural present)
finides (indicative plural present second-person)
finint (indicative plural present third-person)
finia (first-person indicative singular)
finias (indicative second-person singular)
finiat (indicative singular third-person)
finiamus (first-person indicative plural)
finiazis (indicative plural second-person)
finiant (indicative plural third-person)
finesi (first-person indicative preterite singular)
finesti (indicative preterite second-person singular)
finesit (indicative preterite singular third-person)
finemus (first-person indicative plural preterite)
finezis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
fineint (indicative plural preterite third-person)
appo a finire (first-person future indicative singular)
as a finire (future indicative second-person singular)
at a finire (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a finire (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a finire (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a finire (future indicative plural third-person)
appo finidu (first-person indicative perfect singular)
as finidu (indicative perfect second-person singular)
at finidu (indicative perfect singular third-person)
amus finidu (first-person indicative perfect plural)
azis finidu (indicative perfect plural second-person)
ant finidu (indicative perfect plural third-person)
aia finidu (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
aias finidu (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
aiat finidu (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
aiamus finidu (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
aiazis finidu (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
aiant finidu (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
app'aer finidu (first-person future indicative perfect singular)
as aer finidu (future indicative perfect second-person singular)
at aer finidu (future indicative perfect singular third-person)
amus aer finidu (first-person future indicative perfect plural)
azis aer finidu (future indicative perfect plural second-person)
ant aer finidu (future indicative perfect plural third-person)
fina (first-person present singular subjunctive)
fines (present second-person singular subjunctive)
finet (present singular subjunctive third-person)
finemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
finedes (plural present second-person subjunctive)
finent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
finere (first-person singular subjunctive)
fineres (second-person singular subjunctive)
fineret (singular subjunctive third-person)
fineremus (first-person plural subjunctive)
finerezes (plural second-person subjunctive)
finerent (plural subjunctive third-person)
appe finidu (first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
appes finidu (perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
appet finidu (perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
appemus finidu (first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
appezis finidu (perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
appent finidu (perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
aere finidu (first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
aeres finidu (pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
aeret finidu (pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
aeremus finidu (first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
aerezes finidu (pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
aerent finidu (pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
dio finire (conditional first-person present singular)
dias finire (conditional present second-person singular)
diat finire (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus finire (conditional first-person plural present)
diazis finire (conditional plural present second-person)
diant finire (conditional plural present third-person)
dio aer finidu (conditional first-person perfect singular)
dias aer finidu (conditional perfect second-person singular)
diat aer finidu (conditional perfect singular third-person)
diamus aer finidu (conditional first-person perfect plural)
diazis aer finidu (conditional perfect plural second-person)
diant aer finidu (conditional perfect plural third-person)
fini (imperative second-person singular)
finet (imperative singular third-person)
finimus (first-person imperative plural)
finide (imperative plural second-person)
finent (imperative plural third-person)


notte

From Latin noctem, accusative of nox, from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts.


mente

Borrowed from Classical Latin mēns, mentem (“mind; intellect, thought”), from Proto-Italic *mentis, from Proto-Indo-European *méntis (“thought”). Compare Campidanese menti.


mille

From Latin mille, from Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī, from Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂. Cognates include Italian mille and French mille.


reina

Coordinate term: re


affogare

Borrowed from Italian affogare or Catalan afogar; either way from Vulgar Latin *affōcāre, alteration of Latin offōcāre.


essi

essi (infinitive)
essi + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
sendi (gerund)
sendi + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
stèttiu (participle past)
stau (participle past)
seu (first-person indicative present singular)
ses (indicative present second-person singular)
est (indicative present singular third-person)
seus (first-person indicative plural present)
seis (indicative plural present second-person)
funt (indicative plural present third-person)
sunt (indicative plural present third-person)
femu (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fiu (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fiast (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fust (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fut (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fuat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
femus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fuaus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fiaus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fimus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
festis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fistis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fustis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fuant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fuent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apu (a) essi (first-person future indicative singular)
as (a) essi (future indicative second-person singular)
at (a) essi (future indicative singular third-person)
eus (a) essi (first-person future indicative plural)
eis (a) essi (future indicative plural second-person)
ant (a) essi (future indicative plural third-person)
future of essi + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
emu (a) essi (conditional first-person present singular)
iast (a) essi (conditional present second-person singular)
iat (a) essi (conditional present singular third-person)
emus (a) essi (conditional first-person plural present)
estis (a) essi (conditional plural present second-person)
iant (a) essi (conditional plural present third-person)
sia (first-person present singular subjunctive)
siast (present second-person singular subjunctive)
siat (present singular subjunctive third-person)
siaus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
siais (plural present second-person subjunctive)
siant (plural present subjunctive third-person)
fessi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
fussi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
fessis (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
fussis (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
fessit (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fussit (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fèssimus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
fùssimus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
festis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fèssidis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fùssidis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fèssint (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
fùssint (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sìasta (imperative second-person singular)
siat (imperative singular third-person)
siaus (first-person imperative plural)
siais (imperative plural second-person)
siant (imperative plural third-person)

From Latin esse, present infinitive of sum (“I am”).


burdo

From Late Latin burdus (“bastard, mule”), probably of Celtic origin.


pensare

pensare (infinitive)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
pensende (gerund)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
pensadu (participle past)
penso (first-person indicative present singular)
pensas (indicative present second-person singular)
pensat (indicative present singular third-person)
pensamus (first-person indicative plural present)
pensades (indicative plural present second-person)
pensant (indicative plural present third-person)
pensaia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pensaio (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pensaias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pensaiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pensaìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pensaìazis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pensaiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a pensare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a pensare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a pensare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a pensare (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a pensare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a pensare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia pensare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias pensare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat pensare (conditional present singular third-person)
diemus pensare (conditional first-person plural present)
diedas pensare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant pensare (conditional plural present third-person)
pense (first-person present singular subjunctive)
penses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
penset (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pensemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pensedas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pensent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pensere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
penseres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
penseret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pensèremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pensèrezis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
penserent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pensa (imperative second-person singular)
penset (imperative singular third-person)
pensemus (first-person imperative plural)
pensade (imperative plural second-person)
pensent (imperative plural third-person)
pensare (infinitive)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
pensende (gerund)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
pensadu (participle past)
penso (first-person indicative present singular)
pensas (indicative present second-person singular)
pensat (indicative present singular third-person)
pensamus (first-person indicative plural present)
pensades (indicative plural present second-person)
pensant (indicative plural present third-person)
pensaia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pensaias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pensaiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pensaìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pensaiais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pensaiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a pensare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a pensare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a pensare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a pensare (first-person future indicative plural)
ais a pensare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a pensare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia pensare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias pensare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat pensare (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus pensare (conditional first-person plural present)
diais pensare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant pensare (conditional plural present third-person)
pense (first-person present singular subjunctive)
penses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
penset (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pensemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
penseis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pensent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pensare (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pensares (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pensaret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pensaremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pensareis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pensarent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pensa (imperative second-person singular)
penset (imperative singular third-person)
pensemus (first-person imperative plural)
pensade (imperative plural second-person)
pensent (imperative plural third-person)

From Latin pēnsāre (“weigh carefully”), frequentative of pendere.


frore

From earlier *flore, from Latin flōrem, accusative singular of flōs (“flower”), from Proto-Italic *flōs (accusative *flōzem), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃s (“flower, blossom”), derived from the root *bʰleh₃- (“to bloom”).


morte

From Latin mors, mortem. Compare Italian morte.


-are

-are (infinitive)
èssere (infinitive multiword-construction)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
-ende (gerund)
essende (gerund multiword-construction)
appende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
-adu (participle past)
-o (first-person indicative present singular)
-as (indicative present second-person singular)
-at (indicative present singular third-person)
-amus (first-person indicative plural present)
-ades (indicative plural present second-person)
-ant (indicative plural present third-person)
-aia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
-aio (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
-aias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
-aiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
-aìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
-aìazis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
-aiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a -are (first-person future indicative singular)
as a -are (future indicative second-person singular)
at a -are (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a -are (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a -are (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a -are (future indicative plural third-person)
present indicative of èssere (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
àere + past participle (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect indicative of èssere (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
àere + past participle (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
future of èssere (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia -are (conditional first-person present singular)
dias -are (conditional present second-person singular)
diat -are (conditional present singular third-person)
diemus -are (conditional first-person plural present)
diedas -are (conditional plural present second-person)
diant -are (conditional plural present third-person)
present conditional of èssere (conditional perfect)
àere + past participle (conditional perfect)
-e (first-person present singular subjunctive)
-es (present second-person singular subjunctive)
-et (present singular subjunctive third-person)
-emus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
-edas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
-ent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
-ere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
-eres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
-eret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
-èremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
-èrezis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
-erent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
present subjunctive of èssere (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
àere + past participle (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
imperfect subjunctive of èssere (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
àere + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
-a (imperative second-person singular)
-et (imperative singular third-person)
-emus (first-person imperative plural)
-ade (imperative plural second-person)
-ent (imperative plural third-person)
-are (infinitive)
èssere (infinitive multiword-construction)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
-ende (gerund)
essende (gerund multiword-construction)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
-au (participle past)
-o (first-person indicative present singular)
-as (indicative present second-person singular)
-at (indicative present singular third-person)
-amus (first-person indicative plural present)
-aes (indicative plural present second-person)
-ant (indicative plural present third-person)
-abo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
-abas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
-abat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
-abamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
-abazes (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
-abant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a -are (first-person future indicative singular)
as a -are (future indicative second-person singular)
at a -are (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a -are (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a -are (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a -are (future indicative plural third-person)
present indicative of èssere (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
àere + past participle (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect indicative of èssere (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
àere + past participle (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
future of èssere (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia -are (conditional first-person present singular)
dias -are (conditional present second-person singular)
diat -are (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus -are (conditional first-person plural present)
diazes -are (conditional plural present second-person)
diant -are (conditional plural present third-person)
present conditional of èssere (conditional perfect)
àere + past participle (conditional perfect)
-e (first-person present singular subjunctive)
-es (present second-person singular subjunctive)
-et (present singular subjunctive third-person)
-emus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
-ezas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
-ent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
-ere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
-eres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
-eret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
-eremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
-erezis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
-erent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
present subjunctive of èssere (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
àere + past participle (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
imperfect subjunctive of èssere (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
àere + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
-a (imperative second-person singular)
-et (imperative singular third-person)
-emus (first-person imperative plural)
-ae (imperative plural second-person)
-ent (imperative plural third-person)

From Latin -āre, present infinitive of -ō (1ˢᵗ-conjugation verbal suffix), from Proto-Italic *-āō. Compare Campidanese -ai.

Attached to a stem, forms the present infinitive of most regular verbs


meu

head

meu (plural meos, feminine mea, feminine plural meas)

meos (plural)
mea (feminine)
meas (feminine plural)


ibe

Alternative form of ibi (“there”) (see there for more information)


nura

From Late Latin nura, from Latin nurus, from Proto-Indo-European *snusós.


ite

(before a noun) what a; such (used as an intensifier)

(before an adjective) how (used as a modifier to indicate surprise, delight, or other strong feelings)


ses

From Latin sex, from Proto-Italic *seks, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.


aici

From Catalan així, from Old Occitan aissi, from Latin eccum sīc.


oro

Borrowed from Italian oro, from Latin aurum.


gattu

From Latin cattus. Cognates include Italian gatto and Spanish gato.


Ucraina

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


frutta

From Late Latin fructa, from Latin fructus.

, pomu


jaja

From Spanish yaya (“grandma”), or from Greek γιαγιά (giagiá, “grandmother”).


Germania

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


deo

deo (first person singular, plural nos, possessive meu, dative mi, accusative me)

nos (plural)
meu (possessive)
mi (dative)
me (accusative)

From Latin ego, from Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.


Montenegro

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


suo

suo (plural suos, feminine sua, feminine plural suas)


abe

From Latin apis, apem. Compare Campidanese abi, Nuorese ape.

S’abe faghet su mele.


mata

Borrowed from Spanish, perhaps from Late Latin matta.


como

From Vulgar Latin *eccum modo. Compare Romanian acum.


mie

to me (first person singular dative pronoun)


èssere

èssere (infinitive)
èssere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
essende (gerund)
essende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
istadu (participle past)
so (first-person indicative present singular)
ses (indicative present second-person singular)
est (indicative present singular third-person)
semus (first-person indicative plural present)
sezis (indicative plural present second-person)
sezes (indicative plural present second-person)
sun (indicative plural present third-person)
fia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fio (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fisti (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fimis (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fizis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fin (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
appo a èssere (first-person future indicative singular)
as a èssere (future indicative second-person singular)
at a èssere (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a èssere (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a èssere (future indicative plural second-person)
an a èssere (future indicative plural third-person)
future of èssere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia èssere (conditional first-person present singular)
dias èssere (conditional present second-person singular)
diat èssere (conditional present singular third-person)
diemus èssere (conditional first-person plural present)
diedas èssere (conditional plural present second-person)
dian èssere (conditional plural present third-person)
sie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sia (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
sias (present second-person singular subjunctive)
siet (present singular subjunctive third-person)
siat (present singular subjunctive third-person)
siemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
siedas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sian (plural present subjunctive third-person)
essere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
esseres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
esseret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
esseremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
esseredes (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
esseredas (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
esseren (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sies (imperative second-person singular)
sias (imperative second-person singular)
siet (imperative singular third-person)
siat (imperative singular third-person)
siemus (first-person imperative plural)
siedas (imperative plural second-person)
sien (imperative plural third-person)
sian (imperative plural third-person)
èssere (infinitive)
èssere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
essende (gerund)
essende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
istau (participle past)
so (first-person indicative present singular)
ses (indicative present second-person singular)
est (indicative present singular third-person)
semus (first-person indicative plural present)
sezis (indicative plural present second-person)
sunt (indicative plural present third-person)
fipo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fisti (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fimu (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fizis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fint (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a èssere (first-person future indicative singular)
as a èssere (future indicative second-person singular)
at a èssere (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a èssere (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a èssere (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a èssere (future indicative plural third-person)
future of èssere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia èssere (conditional first-person present singular)
dias èssere (conditional present second-person singular)
diat èssere (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus èssere (conditional first-person plural present)
diazes èssere (conditional plural present second-person)
diant èssere (conditional plural present third-person)
sia (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sias (present second-person singular subjunctive)
siat (present singular subjunctive third-person)
siemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
siezas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
siant (plural present subjunctive third-person)
essere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
esseres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
esseret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
esseremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
esserezis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
esserent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sias (imperative second-person singular)
siat (imperative singular third-person)
siamus (first-person imperative plural)
siazas (imperative plural second-person)
siant (imperative plural third-person)
èssere (infinitive)
èssere (auxiliary)
essende (gerund)
istadu (participle past)
so (first-person indicative present singular)
ses (indicative present second-person singular)
est (indicative present singular third-person)
semus (first-person indicative plural present)
seis (indicative plural present second-person)
sunt (indicative plural present third-person)
fia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fiais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a èssere (first-person future indicative singular)
as a èssere (future indicative second-person singular)
at a èssere (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a èssere (first-person future indicative plural)
ais a èssere (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a èssere (future indicative plural third-person)
dia èssere (conditional first-person present singular)
dias èssere (conditional present second-person singular)
diat èssere (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus èssere (conditional first-person plural present)
diais èssere (conditional plural present second-person)
diant èssere (conditional plural present third-person)
sia (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sias (present second-person singular subjunctive)
siat (present singular subjunctive third-person)
siamus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
siais (plural present second-person subjunctive)
siant (plural present subjunctive third-person)
essere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
esseres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
esseret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
esseremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
essereis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
esserent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sias (imperative second-person singular)
siat (imperative singular third-person)
siamus (first-person imperative plural)
siais (imperative plural second-person)
siant (imperative plural third-person)

[ˈɛs.sɛ.ɾɛ̆]

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse.

(Logudorese, Nuorese, Limba Sarda Comuna, auxiliary) to be


edu

From Latin haedus, from Proto-Italic *haidos, probably a loanword from a pre-Indo-European substrate language due to the fact that it cannot be derived from any known root. The only sure cognate is Proto-Germanic *gaits (“goat”). Compare Aromanian edu, Romanian ied.


sera

From Late Latin sēra, from ellipsis of Latin sēra diēs, from sērus (“late”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-. Compare Italian sera, French soir, Venetian séra, Friulian sere, Sicilian sira, Romanian seară, Romansch saira.


abasia

[ä.β̞ä.ˈziː.ä]

Borrowed from Italian abasia, derived from Ancient Greek βάσις (básis, “step”).

(Limba Sarda Comuna, medicine) abasia (inability to walk)


abbacare

abbacare (infinitive)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
abbachende (gerund)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
abbacadu (participle past)
abbaco (first-person indicative present singular)
abbacas (indicative present second-person singular)
abbacat (indicative present singular third-person)
abbacamus (first-person indicative plural present)
abbacades (indicative plural present second-person)
abbacant (indicative plural present third-person)
abbacaia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
abbacaio (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
abbacaias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
abbacaiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
abbacaìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
abbacaìazis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
abbacaiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a abbacare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a abbacare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a abbacare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a abbacare (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a abbacare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a abbacare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia abbacare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias abbacare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat abbacare (conditional present singular third-person)
diemus abbacare (conditional first-person plural present)
diedas abbacare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant abbacare (conditional plural present third-person)
abbache (first-person present singular subjunctive)
abbaches (present second-person singular subjunctive)
abbachet (present singular subjunctive third-person)
abbachemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
abbachedas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
abbachent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
abbachere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
abbacheres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
abbacheret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
abbachèremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
abbachèrezis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
abbacherent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
abbaca (imperative second-person singular)
abbachet (imperative singular third-person)
abbachemus (first-person imperative plural)
abbacade (imperative plural second-person)
abbachent (imperative plural third-person)

Likely a borrowing. Compare Occitan abaucar (“to calm; to calm down”). The northern forms might be from a language of northern Italy (compare Lombard balcà (“to die down, calm down”)). Compare Campidanese abbacai.

cog

(transitive) to calm down (to cause to become less excited, intense or angry)

(intransitive) to calm down (to become less intense) (of wind)


unu

From Latin ūnus, from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one, single”).


morti

From Latin mors, mortem. Compare Italian morte.


sidi

From Latin sitis, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰítis (“decay; destruction”), derived from the root *dʰgʷʰey- (“to decline; to perish”). Compare Italian sete.


a

From Latin ac, alternative form of atque (“and, and also; as, then”).

(Nuorese) Only used in che a (“like, as”)

(Campidanese) Only used in tottu a and a tottu

used in the words for the numbers 17 and 19

(Logudorese) Only used in degasette (“seventeen”)

(Campidanese) Only used in dexasetti (“seventeen”) and degannoi (“nineteen”)

(Nuorese) Only used in decassette (“seventeen”) and decannobe (“nineteen”)


a

From Latin ad from Proto-Italic *ad, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”).

a pe' (Logudorese)


a

From Latin aut (“or”), from Proto-Italic *auti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewti (“on the other hand”), derived from *h₂ew (“away from, off”). Doublet of o.

a benis?

a nos pasamos!

(central Sardinia) Used to introduce a question or an exhortation


lagu

From Latin lacus (“lake”). Compare Aragonese laco, Catalan llac, French lac, Italian lago, Maltese lag, Portuguese lago, Romanian lac, Spanish lago.


cara

From Spanish cara and/or Catalan cara, both from Late Latin cara, from Ancient Greek κάρα (kára).


lunis

From Latin Lūnae diēs, variant of diēs Lūnae (“day of the moon”).


modo

⇒ Campidanese: immòu, immò, immòi (paragogic vowel), immúi, immú


boi

From Latin bōs (“cow, bull”). Compare Italian bue.


bancu

From Catalan banc, of Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench”).

stall (bench or table on which small articles of merchandise are exposed for sale)


sas

From Latin ipsās, accusative plural feminine of ipse (“himself”).

(Logudorese, Nuorese) plural of sa: the (feminine plural definite article)


iférru

From Latin īnfernum, neuter form of īnfernus (“of the lower regions”).


ae

Inherited from Latin avem, accusative of avis.

(Logudorese) bird (in general), especially eagles or other birds of prey


prata

From earlier *plata. Compare Spanish Spanish plata.


sete

From Latin septem, from Proto-Italic *septem, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.


tue

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Compare Italian tu, Portuguese tu, Spanish tú, French tu, Romanian tu, Aromanian tu, Corsican tù, Catalan tu, Sicilian tu.


jana

From Latin Diana, from Proto-Italic *deiwā, from Proto-Indo-European *deywós.


sardu

Of unclear origin. Possibly from an adjectival derivate of the pre-Roman substrate root *sard- through Latin sardus.

unk

unclear


sardu

unclear


abi

Inherited from Classical Latin apis, apem. Compare Logudorese abe, Nuorese ape.


binu

From Latin vīnum, from Proto-Italic *wīnom, from Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁nom, derived from *wéyh₁ō (“wine; vine”).


pintai

(Campidanese) Alternative form of pintare (“to paint”)


cottu

From Latin coctus. Compare Italian cotto.


bentu

From Latin ventus (“wind”), from Proto-Italic *wentos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁n̥ts, from the root *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”).


binti

From Latin vīgintī, from Proto-Italic *wīgentī, from Proto-Indo-European *wídḱm̥ti, from earlier *dwidḱómt, from *dwi- (“two”) + *déḱm̥t (“ten”).


pei

From Latin pes, pedem. Compare Catalan peu, French pied (foot), Italian piede (foot), Latin pes (foot), Latvian pēda, Lithuanian pėdės, Portuguese pé (foot), Spanish pie (foot).


oru

Borrowed from Italian oro, from Latin aurum.


oru

From Vulgar Latin *orulus, diminutive of *ōra.


fenu

From Latin faenum. Compare Italian fieno.


nui

From Latin nūbes. Compare Italian nube and nuvola.


erba

From Latin herba, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”).


custu

sc-adj

custu (feminine singular custa, masculine plural custos, feminine plural custas)

custa (feminine singular)
custos (masculine plural)
custas (feminine plural)
custa (feminine singular)
custos (masculine plural)
custas (feminine plural)

From Vulgar Latin *eccum iste. Compare Italian questo, Sicilian chistu, Romanian acest, Occitan aqueste, Catalan aquest.

Custas classis si nanta cun d'unu vocabulu comunu a totus partis de su discursu

1842, Giuanni Rossi, “De sa gramatica, e de is partis de su discursu”, in Elementus de gramatica de su dialettu sardu meridionali e de sa lingua italiana, Casteddu: Stamperia de Antoni Timon, section 26, page 9:

These classes are called using a term common to all: parts of speech


custu

head

custu m (feminine singular custa, masculine plural custos, feminine plural custas)

custu m (feminine singular custa, masculine plural custus, feminine plural custas)

custa (feminine singular)
custos (masculine plural)
custas (feminine plural)
custa (feminine singular)
custus (masculine plural)
custas (feminine plural)

Po esprimiri custu est neçessariu aggiungiri a su verbu un atru vocabulu

1842, Giuanni Rossi, “De s'avverbiu”, in Elementus de gramatica de su dialettu sardu meridionali e de sa lingua italiana, Casteddu: Stamperia de Antoni Timon, section 164, page 140:

In order to express this, we need to add another word to the verb


beru

sc-adj

beru (feminine singular bera, masculine plural beros, feminine plural beras)

bera (feminine singular)
beros (masculine plural)
beras (feminine plural)
bera (feminine singular)
beros (masculine plural)
beras (feminine plural)

From Latin vērus, from Proto-Italic *wēros, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁ros, derived from *weh₁- (“true”).

No sciu si mi pariat beru o falsu

1842, Giuanni Rossi, “De is modus”, in Elementus de gramatica de su dialettu sardu meridionali e de sa lingua italiana, Casteddu: Stamperia de Antoni Timon, section 127, page 52:

I don't know if it seems true or false to me


isula

From Vulgar Latin *isula, from Latin īnsula. Compare Italian isola.


ortu

From Latin hortus. Compare Italian orto.


grogu

grogu (feminine singular groga, masculine plural grogos, feminine plural grogas)

groga (feminine singular)
grogos (masculine plural)
grogas (feminine plural)
groga (feminine singular)
grogos (masculine plural)
grogas (feminine plural)

Possibly borrowed from Catalan groc, from Latin crocus, from Ancient Greek κρόκος (krókos).

Su limoni est grogu

1842, Giuanni Rossi, “Proposizionis esprimias con su verbu Essiri”, in Elementus de gramatica de su dialettu sardu meridionali e de sa lingua italiana, Casteddu: Stamperia de Antoni Timon, page 165:


grogu

(Logudorese, Campidanese, Limba Sarda Comuna) yellow (color)


babbu

From Vulgar Latin *babbus. Compare Italian babbo and Romansch bab.


ogu

From Vulgar Latin oclus, from Latin oculus. Compare Italian occhio.


limba

From Latin lingua. For the change /ɡʷ/ > /b/, compare Romanian limbă.

M’apo mossigadu sa limba

limba sarda

perdere sa limba

to be left speechless (literally, “to lose the tongue”)


biri

From Latin vidēre, present active infinitive of videō. Compare Catalan veure.


fai

Alternative form of fàghere (“to do; make”)


issu

head

issu m (third person singular, feminine issa, masculine plural issos, feminine plural issas)

issu m (third person singular, feminine issa, masculine plural issus, feminine plural issas)

issa (feminine)
issos (masculine plural)
issas (feminine plural)
issa (feminine)
issus (masculine plural)
issas (feminine plural)

From Latin ipsum, masculine accusative of ipse. Compare with Italian esso, Portuguese isso and Spanish eso.


pira

From Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular. Compare Italian pera, French poire, Spanish pera.


ossu

From Latin ossum, from os. Compare Catalan os, French os, Interlingua osso, Italian osso, Portuguese osso, Romanian os, Spanish hueso.


malu

sc-adj

malu (feminine singular mala, masculine plural malos, feminine plural malas)

mala (feminine singular)
malos (masculine plural)
malas (feminine plural)


prattu

From an original *plattu, compare Italian piatto.


prumu

From earlier plumbu, from Latin plumbum (“lead”). Compare Italian Italian piombo.


pranu

From Latin plānus, compare Italian piano.


pranta

From earlier *planta, from Latin planta, from Proto-Italic *plāntā, from Proto-Indo-European *pléh₂-n̥t-eh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”).


pruppu

From Latin polypus (“octopus”), from Ancient Greek πολύπους (polúpous).


pramu

From an original *palmu, from *plamu; compare Italian palmo.


prenu

prenu (feminine singular prena, masculine plural prenos, feminine plural prenas)

prena (feminine singular)
prenos (masculine plural)
prenas (feminine plural)
prena (feminine singular)
prenos (masculine plural)
prenas (feminine plural)

From an original *plenu, from Latin plēnus, from Proto-Italic *plēnos, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”), derived from the root *pleh₁- (“to fill”).
Compare Italian pieno, Catalan ple, French plein, Romanian plin and Spanish lleno.


prenu

a prenu


preda

From Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra, “stone, rock”).


oto

From Latin octō, from Proto-Italic *oktō, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.


pische

Inherited from Latin piscem, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-.


murru

sc-adj

murru (feminine singular murra, masculine plural murros, feminine plural murras)

murra (feminine singular)
murros (masculine plural)
murras (feminine plural)


melone

From Late Latin mēlō, mēlōnem, shortening of Latin mēlopepō, from Ancient Greek μηλοπέπων (mēlopépōn, “melon”).


gigante

Learned borrowing from Latin gigās, from Ancient Greek γίγᾱς (gígās, “giant”).


mele

From Vulgar Latin *melem m or f, from Latin mel n.


cria

→? Gallurese: cria

→? Sassarese: crea

Deverbal, from Logudorese criare and Campidanese criai (“to lay an egg; to give birth”).

cog

(Logudorese, Nuorese, Campidanese) brooding, incubating

(Logudorese, transferred sense) parturition, labour (of animals, especially sheep)

(Logudorese, transferred sense, humorous or derogatory) childbirth

de mala cria

bad-blooded, of bad blood (literally, “[coming] from a bad family”)

(with an adjective) family, lineage, descent


tibi

From Latin tibi. Found in the towns of Bitti and Orani.

to you (second person singular dative pronoun)


bega

Possibly a borrowing from Spanish vega. Ultimate origin is unknown, but it is likely akin to Galician veiga and Basque ibai (“river”), ibar (“valley”).

unk

unknown


godire

Borrowed from Italian godere, with a change in conjugation. Synonym and near-doublet of gosare, which arrived via Spanish.


bínchere

bintu (participle past)
a bínchere (informal used-in-the-form)

From Latin vincere, present active infinitive of vincō.


podes

second-person singular present indicative of pòdere


proa

first-person singular present subjunctive of pròere


-ai

-ai (infinitive)
essi (infinitive multiword-construction)
ai + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
-endi (gerund)
-endu (gerund)
sendi (gerund multiword-construction)
endi + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
-au (participle past)
-u (first-person indicative present singular)
-as (indicative present second-person singular)
-at (indicative present singular third-person)
-aus (first-person indicative plural present)
-ais (indicative plural present second-person)
-ant (indicative plural present third-person)
-amu (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
-au (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
-ast (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
-at (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
-amus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
-astus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
-astis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
-ant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apu (a) -ai (first-person future indicative singular)
as (a) -ai (future indicative second-person singular)
at (a) -ai (future indicative singular third-person)
eus (a) -ai (first-person future indicative plural)
eis (a) -ai (future indicative plural second-person)
ant (a) -ai (future indicative plural third-person)
present indicative of essi (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
ai + past participle (indicative multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect indicative of essi (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
ai + past participle (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect)
future of essi (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
ai + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
emu (a) -ai (conditional first-person present singular)
iast (a) -ai (conditional present second-person singular)
iat (a) -ai (conditional present singular third-person)
emus (a) -ai (conditional first-person plural present)
estis (a) -ai (conditional plural present second-person)
iant (a) -ai (conditional plural present third-person)
present conditional of essi (conditional perfect)
ai + past participle (conditional perfect)
-i (first-person present singular subjunctive)
-is (present second-person singular subjunctive)
-it (present singular subjunctive third-person)
-eus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
-eis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
-int (plural present subjunctive third-person)
-essi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
-essis (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
-essit (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
-èssimus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
-estis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
-essint (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
present subjunctive of essi (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
ai + past participle (multiword-construction past subjunctive)
imperfect subjunctive of essi (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
ai + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect subjunctive)
-a (imperative second-person singular)
-it (imperative singular third-person)
-eus (first-person imperative plural)
-ai (imperative plural second-person)
-int (imperative plural third-person)

From Latin -āre, present infinitive of -ō (1ˢᵗ-conjugation verbal suffix), from Proto-Italic *-āō. Compare Logudorese and Nuorese -are.

Attached to a stem, forms the present infinitive of most regular verbs


cicogna

/t͡ʃiˈkɔɲɲa/

From Latin cicōnia, derived from Proto-Indo-European *kekoh₂n-, from the root *keh₂n- (“to sing”).

Ciconia ciconia
Ciconia ciconia#Translingual

(Sassarese) stork, especially a white stork (Ciconia ciconia)


cicogna

/t͡ʃiˈkɔɲɲa/

(Campidanese) Alternative form of cicònnia

(Logudorese) Alternative form of cicònia


piccione

Borrowed from Italian piccione. Cf. the native synonym columbu.


basare

basare (infinitive)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
basende (gerund)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
basadu (participle past)
baso (first-person indicative present singular)
basas (indicative present second-person singular)
basat (indicative present singular third-person)
basamus (first-person indicative plural present)
basades (indicative plural present second-person)
basant (indicative plural present third-person)
basaia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
basaio (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
basaias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
basaiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
basaìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
basaìazis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
basaiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a basare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a basare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a basare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a basare (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a basare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a basare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia basare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias basare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat basare (conditional present singular third-person)
diemus basare (conditional first-person plural present)
diedas basare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant basare (conditional plural present third-person)
base (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bases (present second-person singular subjunctive)
baset (present singular subjunctive third-person)
basemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
basedas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
basent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
basere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
baseres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
baseret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
basèremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
basèrezis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
baserent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
basa (imperative second-person singular)
baset (imperative singular third-person)
basemus (first-person imperative plural)
basade (imperative plural second-person)
basent (imperative plural third-person)
basare (infinitive)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
basende (gerund)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
basau (participle past)
baso (first-person indicative present singular)
basas (indicative present second-person singular)
basat (indicative present singular third-person)
basamus (first-person indicative plural present)
basaes (indicative plural present second-person)
basant (indicative plural present third-person)
basabo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
basabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
basabat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
basabamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
basabazes (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
basabant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a basare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a basare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a basare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a basare (first-person future indicative plural)
azis a basare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a basare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia basare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias basare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat basare (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus basare (conditional first-person plural present)
diazes basare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant basare (conditional plural present third-person)
base (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bases (present second-person singular subjunctive)
baset (present singular subjunctive third-person)
basemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
basezas (plural present second-person subjunctive)
basent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
basere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
baseres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
baseret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
baseremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
baserezis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
baserent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
basa (imperative second-person singular)
baset (imperative singular third-person)
basemus (first-person imperative plural)
basae (imperative plural second-person)
basent (imperative plural third-person)

From Latin bāsiāre, present active infinitive of bāsiō.


bufare

Compare Valencian usage of Catalan bufar.


proas

second-person singular present subjunctive of pròere


fusile

Borrowed from French fusil; see there for further etymology.


labore

From Latin labor (“work, labor”). Compare to Catalan llavor (“seed”).

cereal or grain, (referring to either a plant or the corn harvested from it)


trinta

From Latin trīgintā, from Proto-Indo-European *tridḱómt (“thirty”).


luche

From Latin lūcem, accusative singular of lūx, from Proto-Italic *louks (accusative *loukem), from the Proto-Indo-European *léwks, derived from the root *lewk- (“white; light; bright”). Cognates include Italian luce and Spanish luz.

sa luche de su sole

the sunlight (literally, “the light of the Sun”)

(uncountable) light (visible electromagnetic radiation)

No li funtzionant bene sas luches.

domo de otto luches


pintare

From Vulgar Latin *pinctāre. Wagner does not exclude the possibility of the word being borrowed from Spanish pintar, however.


pode

second-person singular imperative of pòdere


olvidare

From Spanish olvidar, from Vulgar Latin *oblītāre.


padule

From Late Latin padūlem, from Latin palūd- via metathesis.


Irlanda

Ireland (an island and country in Europe)


vinu

From Latin vīnum, from Proto-Italic *wīnom, from Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁nom, derived from *wéyh₁ō (“wine; vine”).


casu

From Latin cāseus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kwh₂et- (“to ferment”). Compare Romanian caș, Spanish queso, Portuguese queijo.


sene

head

sene m or f (masculine and feminine plural senes)

From Latin senem, accusative case form of senex, from Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”).


soe

Variant first-person singular present indicative of èssere


dì

From Latin diēs, back-formed from the accusative diem (whose vowel was once long), from Proto-Italic *djēm, the accusative of *djous, from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (“heaven, sky”), derived from the root *dyew- (“to be bright; sky”). Compare Logudorese and Nuorese die, Italian dì, Spanish día.


tou

head

tou (plural tuos, feminine tua, feminine plural tuas)

tuos (plural)
tua (feminine)
tuas (feminine plural)


supre

From Latin super, influenced by Spanish or Catalan sobre.


logu

From Latin locus, from Old Latin stlocus, from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to put, place, locate”).


sessanta

From Latin sexāgintā, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱsḱomt, from earlier *swéḱs-dḱomt (“six-ten”).


carri

From Latin carnem, accusative of carō (“flesh”), from Proto-Italic *karō, from Proto-Indo-European *ker-, *(s)ker- (“to cut”).


carri

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


caliche

From Latin calix, calicem, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek κύλιξ (kúlix).


pede

From Latin pes, pedem. Compare Catalan peu, French pied (foot), Italian piede (foot), Latin pes (foot), Latvian pēda, Lithuanian pėdės, Portuguese pé (foot), Spanish pie (foot).


formiga

From Latin formīca, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *morwi.


cun

From Latin cum (“with”), from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”). Compare Italian con, Portuguese com, Spanish con, Romanian cu, Sicilian cu. Compare also Nuorese chin.


Islanda

Iceland (an island and country in Europe; capital and largest city: Reykjavík)


pisciare

From Italian pisciare, displacing the native Sardinian mejare.


Sardigna

In this form, borrowed from Old Italian Sardigna. The archaic alternative forms were either inherited from Latin or nativised from Italian.

Sa Sardigna est sa segunda isula italiana prus manna.

Sardinia is the second biggest Italian island.

Sardinia (an island and autonomous region of Italy, in the Mediterranean Sea)


rese

From Latin res (“thing, affair”). Cf. Spanish res (“head of cattle”).


ampulla

Borrowed from Latin ampulla, derived from amphora.


vostru

head

vostru (plural vostros, feminine vostra, feminine plural vostras)

vostros (plural)
vostra (feminine)
vostras (feminine plural)

From Latin voster, vostrum, from earlier vester.


nostru

nostru (plural nostros, feminine nostra, feminine plural nostras)

nostros (plural)
nostra (feminine)
nostras (feminine plural)


ballai

Alternative form of ballare (“to dance”)


abati

abati m (plural abatis, feminine badessa)

From Italian abate, from Late Latin abbās, abbātem, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”). Compare Logudorese abate.


boxi

From Latin vōcem, accusative form of vōx, from Proto-Italic *wōks, from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs (“voice”, “speech”).

inh

Cuddas boxis chi si faint cun d' una sola abertura de bucca […] si nanta boxis simplis

1842, Giuanni Rossi, “Introduzioni”, in Elementus de gramatica de su dialettu sardu meridionali e de sa lingua italiana, Casteddu: Stamperia de Antoni Timon, section 2, page 5:

Those utterances made with a single opening of the mouth are called simple utterances


foche

From Latin fōcem, early monophthongized variant of faucem.


sos

From Latin ipsōs, accusative plural of ipse (“himself”).

(Logudorese, Nuorese) plural of su: the (masculine plural definite article)


sutta

From Vulgar Latin *subta, from Latin subtus.

(Logudorese, Campidanese, Nuorese) under, beneath, underneath


sutta

(Logudorese, Campidanese, Nuorese) down, underneath, below


sutta

From Spanish sota, from Catalan sota, from Vulgar Latin *subta, from Latin subtus.

(Logudorese, Campidanese, card games) jack, knave


ànima

From Latin anima, derived from animus (“mind, soul”).


arna

Cognate with Catalan arna and Occitan arna.


atu

“atu” in Ditzionàriu in línia de sa limba e de sa cultura sarda (2016). Searchable in multiple languages at ditzionariu.sardegnacultura.it


lontra

Probably a recent borrowing from Italian lontra, from a variant of Latin lutra. Wagner's Dizionario etimologico sardo (1960's) has no such entry, and the AIS (1920's) records no word for 'otter' in any part of Sardinia. The apparent lack of dialectal variation, as well as the vowel /o/ for Latin /ŭ/, make a direct inheritance most unlikely.


issa

From Latin ipsa. Compare with Italian essa, Portuguese essa and Spanish esa.

(Campidanese, Logudorese) feminine singular of issu: she, it


issa

(Campidanese, Logudorese) feminine singular of issu


giara

Paleo-Sardinian language
Semitic languages

Unclear. Either part of the alleged Nuragic substrate, or from a Semitic language. Compare Hebrew יַעַר (yaʿar, “forest, woods”).

unk

Unclear


istu

sc-adj

istu (feminine singular ista, masculine plural istos, feminine plural istas)

ista (feminine singular)
istos (masculine plural)
istas (feminine plural)

From Latin istum (accusative masculine singular of the pronoun iste). Compare Sicilian stu, Romanian ăst, Neapolitan stu, Spanish este, Portuguese este.

inh

accusative masculine singular of the pronoun <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">iste</i>


s'

Apocopic form of su, used before a vowel: the (masculine singular definite article)

su

Apocopic form of sa, used before a vowel: the (feminine singular definite article)


paghe

From Latin pācem, accusative of pāx (“peace”).


pedra

From Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra).


benuju

(Logudorese) Alternative form of ghenucru


Lussemburgu

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


bonu

sc-adj

bonu (feminine singular bona, masculine plural bonos, feminine plural bonas)

bona (feminine singular)
bonos (masculine plural)
bonas (feminine plural)
bona (feminine singular)
bonos (masculine plural)
bonas (feminine plural)

From Latin bonus, from Old Latin duenos, later duonus, from Proto-Italic *dwenos.


sustantivu

Borrowed from Italian sostantivo, from Latin substantīvus (“self-existent”).


albu

albu (feminine singular alba, masculine plural albos, feminine plural albas)

alba (feminine singular)
albos (masculine plural)
albas (feminine plural)

From Latin albus, from Proto-Italic *alβos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élbʰos, *álbʰos, *albʰós (“white”).

(Logudorese) white (bright and colourless)


duos

From Latin duōs, masculine accusative of duo, from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


podet

third-person singular present indicative of pòdere


otanta

From Latin octāgintā, variant of octōgintā (“eighty”), from Proto-Indo-European *oktōḱomt, from earlier *oḱto(w)-dḱomt (“eight-ten”).


voghe

From Latin vōcem, accusative form of vōx.


Brasile

Brazil (A large Portuguese-speaking country in South America)


timere

timere (infinitive)
àere (auxiliary)
timende (gerund)
timidu (participle past)
timo (first-person indicative present singular)
times (indicative present second-person singular)
timet (indicative present singular third-person)
timimus (first-person indicative plural present)
timides (indicative plural present second-person)
timent (indicative plural present third-person)
timia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
timias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
timiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
timìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
timiais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
timiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a timere (first-person future indicative singular)
as a timere (future indicative second-person singular)
at a timere (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a timere (first-person future indicative plural)
ais a timere (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a timere (future indicative plural third-person)
dia timere (conditional first-person present singular)
dias timere (conditional present second-person singular)
diat timere (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus timere (conditional first-person plural present)
diais timere (conditional plural present second-person)
diant timere (conditional plural present third-person)
tima (first-person present singular subjunctive)
timas (present second-person singular subjunctive)
timat (present singular subjunctive third-person)
timamus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
timais (plural present second-person subjunctive)
timant (plural present subjunctive third-person)
timere (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
timeres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
timeret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
timeremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
timereis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
timerent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
time (imperative second-person singular)
timat (imperative singular third-person)
timamus (first-person imperative plural)
timide (imperative plural second-person)
timant (imperative plural third-person)

From Latin timēre, present active infinitive of timeō.


noe

From Latin novem, from Proto-Italic *nowem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.


boe

From Latin bōs (“cow, bull”). Compare Italian bue.


bibere

From Latin bibere, present active infinitive of bibō, from Proto-Italic *pibō, from Proto-Indo-European *píph₃eti.


domu

From Latin domus (“house”), from Proto-Italic *domos, from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm, derived from the root *dem- (“to build”).


un'

Apocopic form of unu, used before a vowel: a, an (masculine singular indefinite article)

unu

Apocopic form of una, used before a vowel: a, an (feminine singular indefinite article)


veranu

From Vulgar Latin *veranum, from Latin vēr (“spring”), from earlier *veror, from Proto-Italic *wezor, from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥ (“spring”).


coa

From Vulgar Latin cōda, from Latin cauda, from Proto-Italic *kaudā, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂udeh₂.

Sa mama si ponet in coa su fizu, ei su fizu si ponet coa de sa mama.

The mother takes her son on her lap, and her son sits on his mother's lap.


isse

From Latin ipse. Compare with Italian esso, Portuguese esse and Spanish ese.


coza

From Vulgar Latin *cōlea n pl, from Latin cōleus m sg.


criare

From Classical Latin creāre, present infinitive of creō (“I create; I beget”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁-eh₂yéti, derived from the root *ḱer- (“to grow, become bigger”). Compare Campidanese criai.

(intransitive) to lay an egg (of a bird or other egg-creating animal)

(Logudorese, intransitive, transferred sense) to give birth (of certain animals, such as sheep)

(Logudorese, intransitive, transferred sense, humorous or derogatory) to give birth (of women)


persiga

From Late Latin persica, Latin persicum (“peach”).


fache

From Old Sardinian fache "face", from Latin faciem. In its original sense, generally supplanted in Logudorese and Nuorese by the Italian borrowing faccia and the Spanish borrowing cara.


adecuare

adecuare (infinitive)
àere + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
adecuende (gerund)
aende + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
adecuadu (participle past)
adècuo (first-person indicative present singular)
adècuas (indicative present second-person singular)
adècuat (indicative present singular third-person)
adecuamus (first-person indicative plural present)
adecuades (indicative plural present second-person)
adècuant (indicative plural present third-person)
adecuaia (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
adecuaias (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
adecuaiat (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
adecuaìamus (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
adecuaiais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
adecuaiant (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
apo a adecuare (first-person future indicative singular)
as a adecuare (future indicative second-person singular)
at a adecuare (future indicative singular third-person)
amus a adecuare (first-person future indicative plural)
ais a adecuare (future indicative plural second-person)
ant a adecuare (future indicative plural third-person)
future of àere + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
dia adecuare (conditional first-person present singular)
dias adecuare (conditional present second-person singular)
diat adecuare (conditional present singular third-person)
diamus adecuare (conditional first-person plural present)
diais adecuare (conditional plural present second-person)
diant adecuare (conditional plural present third-person)
adecue (first-person present singular subjunctive)
adecues (present second-person singular subjunctive)
adecuet (present singular subjunctive third-person)
adecuemus (first-person plural present subjunctive)
adecueis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
adecuent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
adecuare (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
adecuares (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
adecuaret (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
adecuaremus (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
adecuareis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
adecuarent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
adècua (imperative second-person singular)
adècuet (imperative singular third-person)
adecuemus (first-person imperative plural)
adecuade (imperative plural second-person)
adècuent (imperative plural third-person)

Borrowed from Latin adaequāre, present infinitive of adaequō (“I make equal to”).


durke

Alternative spelling of durche (“sweet”)


obus

work (of art, litarature...), deed, accomplishment


chena

From Greek κενά (kená, “emptiness, void, vacuum”).


iudicare

Inherited from Latin iūdicāre. Replaced in modern Sardinian by forms like giudicai or zudigare, all borrowed from Italian giudicare.


sero

From Latin sērō adverb form of sērus (“late”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-. Compare Italian sera, French soir, Venetian séra, Friulian sere, Sicilian sira, Romanian seară, Romansch saira.


setanta

From Latin septuāgintā, from *septmāginta, from Proto-Indo-European *septm̥̄ḱomt, from earlier *septḿ̥-dḱomt (“seven-ten”).


nuraghe

Unknown. Perhaps of pre-Nuragic substrate origin.

Sos nuraghes s'agatant solamente in Sardigna.
Nuraghes are only found in Sardinia.

nuraghe (type of megalithic building in Sardinia)


Armènia

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


iddu

head

iddu m (feminine idda, masculine plural iddus, feminine plural iddas)

idda (feminine)
iddus (masculine plural)
iddas (feminine plural)

From an earlier *illu, from Latin illum.


agustu

From Vulgar Latin agustus, from Latin augustus.


jocu

From Latin jocus, iocus. Compare Occitan jòc, Catalan joc, French jeu, Portuguese jogo, Spanish juego, Sicilian jocu, Italian gioco.


accattare

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *accaptāre (“accept, purchase”).


subra

From Latin suprā. Compare Campidanese suba, Nuorese supra.

(Logudorese, Campidanese) on, on top of, above


deche

From Latin decem, from Proto-Italic *dekem, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.


Indonèsia

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Sèrbia

Serbia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


bator

From Latin quattuor, from Proto-Italic *kʷettwōr, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwṓr, from *kʷetwóres.


boghe

From Latin vōcem, accusative form of vōx.


carre

From Latin carnem, accusative form of carō (“flesh”, “meat”), from Proto-Italic *karō, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”).


peus

From Latin pēius, neuter of pēior, comparative degree of malus (“bad”).


peus

From Latin pēius, comparative degree of male (“badly”).


piseddu

Most likely from Latin pisinnus (“kid, boy”) with suffix -eddu from Latin -ellus replacing the -innus ending.


iscola

From Latin schola, from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ).


subre

From Latin super, influenced by Spanish or Catalan sobre.


friscu

sc-adj

friscu (feminine singular frisca, masculine plural friscos, feminine plural friscas)

frisca (feminine singular)
friscos (masculine plural)
friscas (feminine plural)

Seemingly inherited from Vulgar Latin *friscum. Wagner mentions the possibility that it was borrowed through Spanish or Italian fresco, but this would not explain the /i/.


nive

(Nuorese) Alternative form of nibe (“snow”)


sidis

From the nominative of Latin sitis (“thirst”), with a change in gender from feminine to masculine.


birde

From Vulgar Latin virdis, syncopated from Classical Latin viridis (“green”), an adjective based on vireō (“flourish, sprout”).


induna

(Logudorese, Nuorese) Alternative form of in d'una, only used in induna-induna


machinare

Inherited from Late Latin māchināre (“mill, grind”), a verb based on Latin māchina (“device, mill”), an early borrowing from Ancient Greek. Compare Italian macinare.


gustu

From Latin gustus (“tasting”), from Proto-Italic *gustus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus.


cantu

From Latin cantus (“song; chant”), from the perfect passive participle of canō (“I sing”).