तत

tatá (romanization)
ततः (nominative singular)
ततौ (dual nominative)
तता1 (dual nominative)
तताः (nominative plural)
ततासः1 (nominative plural)
तत (singular vocative)
ततौ (dual vocative)
तता1 (dual vocative)
तताः (plural vocative)
ततासः1 (plural vocative)
ततम् (accusative singular)
ततौ (accusative dual)
तता1 (accusative dual)
ततान् (accusative plural)
ततेन (instrumental singular)
तताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ततैः (instrumental plural)
ततेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तताय (dative singular)
तताभ्याम् (dative dual)
ततेभ्यः (dative plural)
ततात् (ablative singular)
तताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ततेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ततस्य (genitive singular)
ततयोः (dual genitive)
ततानाम् (genitive plural)
तते (locative singular)
ततयोः (dual locative)
ततेषु (locative plural)
तता (nominative singular)
तते (dual nominative)
तताः (nominative plural)
तते (singular vocative)
तते (dual vocative)
तताः (plural vocative)
तताम् (accusative singular)
तते (accusative dual)
तताः (accusative plural)
ततया (instrumental singular)
तता1 (instrumental singular)
तताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तताभिः (instrumental plural)
ततायै (dative singular)
तताभ्याम् (dative dual)
तताभ्यः (dative plural)
ततायाः (ablative singular)
ततायै2 (ablative singular)
तताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तताभ्यः (ablative plural)
ततायाः (genitive singular)
ततायै2 (genitive singular)
ततयोः (dual genitive)
ततानाम् (genitive plural)
ततायाम् (locative singular)
ततयोः (dual locative)
ततासु (locative plural)
ततम् (nominative singular)
तते (dual nominative)
ततानि (nominative plural)
तता1 (nominative plural)
तत (singular vocative)
तते (dual vocative)
ततानि (plural vocative)
तता1 (plural vocative)
ततम् (accusative singular)
तते (accusative dual)
ततानि (accusative plural)
तता1 (accusative plural)
ततेन (instrumental singular)
तताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ततैः (instrumental plural)
ततेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तताय (dative singular)
तताभ्याम् (dative dual)
ततेभ्यः (dative plural)
ततात् (ablative singular)
तताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ततेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ततस्य (genitive singular)
ततयोः (dual genitive)
ततानाम् (genitive plural)
तते (locative singular)
ततयोः (dual locative)
ततेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀢𑀬 (taya)

From Proto-Indo-European *tn̥tós (“stretched, extended”), from *ten- (“to stretch, extend”). Cognate with Ancient Greek τᾰτός (tătós), Latin tentus.


तत

tatá (romanization)
ततः (nominative singular)
ततौ (dual nominative)
तता1 (dual nominative)
तताः (nominative plural)
ततासः1 (nominative plural)
तत (singular vocative)
ततौ (dual vocative)
तता1 (dual vocative)
तताः (plural vocative)
ततासः1 (plural vocative)
ततम् (accusative singular)
ततौ (accusative dual)
तता1 (accusative dual)
ततान् (accusative plural)
ततेन (instrumental singular)
तताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ततैः (instrumental plural)
ततेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तताय (dative singular)
तताभ्याम् (dative dual)
ततेभ्यः (dative plural)
ततात् (ablative singular)
तताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ततेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ततस्य (genitive singular)
ततयोः (dual genitive)
ततानाम् (genitive plural)
तते (locative singular)
ततयोः (dual locative)
ततेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *tata-, imitative of baby talk. Compare Latin tata, Ancient Greek τατᾶ (tatâ).

कारुरहं ततो भिषगुपलप्रक्षिणी नना।
नानाधियोवसूयवो अनु घा इव तस्थिमेन्द्रायेन्दो परि स्रव॥
kārurahaṃ tato bhiṣagupalaprakṣiṇī nanā.

I am a poet, my father is a physician and my mother lays corn upon the stones.
Striving for wealth, with varied plans, we follow our desires like kine. Flow, Indu, flow for Indra's sake.

nānādhiyovasūyavo anu ghā iva tasthimendrāyendo pari srava.


पर्यटन

paryaṭana (romanization)
पर्यटनम् (nominative singular)
पर्यटने (dual nominative)
पर्यटनानि (nominative plural)
पर्यटना1 (nominative plural)
पर्यटन (singular vocative)
पर्यटने (dual vocative)
पर्यटनानि (plural vocative)
पर्यटना1 (plural vocative)
पर्यटनम् (accusative singular)
पर्यटने (accusative dual)
पर्यटनानि (accusative plural)
पर्यटना1 (accusative plural)
पर्यटनेन (instrumental singular)
पर्यटनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पर्यटनैः (instrumental plural)
पर्यटनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पर्यटनाय (dative singular)
पर्यटनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पर्यटनेभ्यः (dative plural)
पर्यटनात् (ablative singular)
पर्यटनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पर्यटनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पर्यटनस्य (genitive singular)
पर्यटनयोः (dual genitive)
पर्यटनानाम् (genitive plural)
पर्यटने (locative singular)
पर्यटनयोः (dual locative)
पर्यटनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈpɐɾ.jɐ.ʈɐ.n̪ɐ/

पर्य् (pary, “combining form of परि- (pari-, “around, towards”)”) + अटन (aṭana, “the act or habit of wandering about”).

affix

combining form of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">परि-</i> (pari-, “around, towards”)


डी

From earlier दी (dī), from Proto-Indo-European *deyh₁- (“to chase”).


अर्ध

ardhá (romanization)
अर्धः (nominative singular)
अर्धौ (dual nominative)
अर्धा1 (dual nominative)
अर्धाः (nominative plural)
अर्धासः1 (nominative plural)
अर्ध (singular vocative)
अर्धौ (dual vocative)
अर्धा1 (dual vocative)
अर्धाः (plural vocative)
अर्धासः1 (plural vocative)
अर्धम् (accusative singular)
अर्धौ (accusative dual)
अर्धा1 (accusative dual)
अर्धान् (accusative plural)
अर्धेन (instrumental singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्धैः (instrumental plural)
अर्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्धाय (dative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्धात् (ablative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्धस्य (genitive singular)
अर्धयोः (dual genitive)
अर्धानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्धे (locative singular)
अर्धयोः (dual locative)
अर्धेषु (locative plural)
अर्धा (nominative singular)
अर्धे (dual nominative)
अर्धाः (nominative plural)
अर्धे (singular vocative)
अर्धे (dual vocative)
अर्धाः (plural vocative)
अर्धाम् (accusative singular)
अर्धे (accusative dual)
अर्धाः (accusative plural)
अर्धया (instrumental singular)
अर्धा1 (instrumental singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्धाभिः (instrumental plural)
अर्धायै (dative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्धाभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्धायाः (ablative singular)
अर्धायै2 (ablative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्धाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्धायाः (genitive singular)
अर्धायै2 (genitive singular)
अर्धयोः (dual genitive)
अर्धानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्धायाम् (locative singular)
अर्धयोः (dual locative)
अर्धासु (locative plural)
अर्धम् (nominative singular)
अर्धे (dual nominative)
अर्धानि (nominative plural)
अर्धा1 (nominative plural)
अर्ध (singular vocative)
अर्धे (dual vocative)
अर्धानि (plural vocative)
अर्धा1 (plural vocative)
अर्धम् (accusative singular)
अर्धे (accusative dual)
अर्धानि (accusative plural)
अर्धा1 (accusative plural)
अर्धेन (instrumental singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्धैः (instrumental plural)
अर्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्धाय (dative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्धात् (ablative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्धस्य (genitive singular)
अर्धयोः (dual genitive)
अर्धानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्धे (locative singular)
अर्धयोः (dual locative)
अर्धेषु (locative plural)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hárdʰas. Cognate with ऋधक् (ṛdhak, “separately”), Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (ar^əδa), Lithuanian ardýti (“to pull down, destroy”).


अर्ध

ardhá (romanization)
अर्धम् (nominative singular)
अर्धे (dual nominative)
अर्धानि (nominative plural)
अर्धा1 (nominative plural)
अर्ध (singular vocative)
अर्धे (dual vocative)
अर्धानि (plural vocative)
अर्धा1 (plural vocative)
अर्धम् (accusative singular)
अर्धे (accusative dual)
अर्धानि (accusative plural)
अर्धा1 (accusative plural)
अर्धेन (instrumental singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्धैः (instrumental plural)
अर्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्धाय (dative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्धात् (ablative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्धस्य (genitive singular)
अर्धयोः (dual genitive)
अर्धानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्धे (locative singular)
अर्धयोः (dual locative)
अर्धेषु (locative plural)
अर्धः (nominative singular)
अर्धौ (dual nominative)
अर्धा1 (dual nominative)
अर्धाः (nominative plural)
अर्धासः1 (nominative plural)
अर्ध (singular vocative)
अर्धौ (dual vocative)
अर्धा1 (dual vocative)
अर्धाः (plural vocative)
अर्धासः1 (plural vocative)
अर्धम् (accusative singular)
अर्धौ (accusative dual)
अर्धा1 (accusative dual)
अर्धान् (accusative plural)
अर्धेन (instrumental singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्धैः (instrumental plural)
अर्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्धाय (dative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्धात् (ablative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्धस्य (genitive singular)
अर्धयोः (dual genitive)
अर्धानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्धे (locative singular)
अर्धयोः (dual locative)
अर्धेषु (locative plural)

भूय इद्वावृधे वीर्यायँ एको अजुर्यो दयते वसूनि ।
प्र रिरिचे दिव इन्द्रः पृथिव्या अर्धमिदस्य प्रति रोदसी उभे ॥
bhūya idvāvṛdhe vīryāyam̐ eko ajuryo dayate vasūni.

INDRA hath waxed yet more for hero prowess, alone, Eternal, he bestoweth treasures.
Indra transcendeth both the worlds in greatness: one half of him equalleth earth and heaven.

pra ririce diva indraḥ pṛthivyā ardhamidasya prati rodasī ubhe.


अर्ध

árdha (romanization)
अर्धम् (nominative singular)
अर्धे (dual nominative)
अर्धानि (nominative plural)
अर्धा1 (nominative plural)
अर्ध (singular vocative)
अर्धे (dual vocative)
अर्धानि (plural vocative)
अर्धा1 (plural vocative)
अर्धम् (accusative singular)
अर्धे (accusative dual)
अर्धानि (accusative plural)
अर्धा1 (accusative plural)
अर्धेन (instrumental singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्धैः (instrumental plural)
अर्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्धाय (dative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्धात् (ablative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्धस्य (genitive singular)
अर्धयोः (dual genitive)
अर्धानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्धे (locative singular)
अर्धयोः (dual locative)
अर्धेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: اَڈ (aḍ), اۆڈُ (oḍu)

Phalura: آڈ (ā́ḍu)

Torwali: ار (ar)

Pali: addha

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀟𑁆𑀠 (aḍḍha), 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥 (addha)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥 (addha)

Awadhi: आधा (ādhā)

Old Gujarati: अरधउं (aradhaüṃ)

desc

Gujarati: અર્ધું (ardhũ), અડધું (aḍadhũ)

Marwari: अरधौ (ardhau)

Hindustani: ādhā

Hindi: आधा

Urdu: آدھا

→ Telugu: అడ్డ (aḍḍa)

Eastern:

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: আধা (adha), আধ (adh)

Bengali: আধ (adh), আধা (adha)

Bihari: आधा (ādhā)

Bhojpuri: आधा (ādhā)

Maithili: आध (ādh)

Odia: ଅଧ (adha), ଅଧା (adhā), ଆଡ଼ (āṛa)

Sylheti: ꠀꠗꠣ (àdá)

Northern:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: आद् (ād), आधो (ādho)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: आधा (ādhā), अध (adh)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: अद्धू (addhū), अद्दो (addo), अद्धा (addhā)

Northwestern:

Punjabi: addha

Gurmukhi script: ਅੱਧ

Shahmukhi script: اَدّھَ

Sindhi: adhu

Arabic script: اَڌُ

Devanagari script: अधु

Southern:

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: ādo

Devanagari script: आदो

Latin script: ado

Kannada script: ಆದೊ

Marathi: अर्धे (ardhe)

Sinhalese: අඩ (aḍa)

→ Telugu: అర్ధము (ardhamu)


आह

sa-verb

आह • (ā́ha) third-singular indicative (type P, perfect, root अह्)

ā́ha (romanization)
अह् (root)
आह (perfect)
आह (active indicative singular third-person)
आहतुः (active dual indicative third-person)
आहुः (active indicative plural third-person)
आत्थ (active indicative second-person singular)
आहथुः (active dual indicative second-person)

Pali: āha

Prakrit: 𑀆𑀳 (āha)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HaHā́dʰa, from a root *Hadʰ. Cognate with Old Avestan 𐬁𐬛𐬁 (ādā, “I say”), 𐬁𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬇 (ādarə̄, “they say”). Unrelated to Latin aiō.

inh+

हृषीकेशं तदा वाक्यमिदम्आह महीपते

(Arjuna) said these words to Krishna (Hrishikesha), O Lord of the Earth!


भित्त

bhitta (romanization)
भित्तम् (nominative singular)
भित्ते (dual nominative)
भित्तानि (nominative plural)
भित्ता1 (nominative plural)
भित्त (singular vocative)
भित्ते (dual vocative)
भित्तानि (plural vocative)
भित्ता1 (plural vocative)
भित्तम् (accusative singular)
भित्ते (accusative dual)
भित्तानि (accusative plural)
भित्ता1 (accusative plural)
भित्तेन (instrumental singular)
भित्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भित्तैः (instrumental plural)
भित्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भित्ताय (dative singular)
भित्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
भित्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
भित्तात् (ablative singular)
भित्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भित्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भित्तस्य (genitive singular)
भित्तयोः (dual genitive)
भित्तानाम् (genitive plural)
भित्ते (locative singular)
भित्तयोः (dual locative)
भित्तेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: भित्त (bhitt) (learned)

→ Telugu: భిత్తము (bhittamu) (learned)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd-
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-European *bʰidtós
Sanskrit भित्त (bhitta)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰitˢtás, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰidtós (“split”). By surface analysis, भिद् (bhid) + -त (-ta). Compare English bit.


ਲੋਕ

loká (romanization)
ਲੋਕਃ (nominative singular)
ਲੋਕੌ (dual nominative)
ਲੋਕਾ1 (dual nominative)
ਲੋਕਾਃ (nominative plural)
ਲੋਕਾਸਃ1 (nominative plural)
ਲੋਕ (singular vocative)
ਲੋਕੌ (dual vocative)
ਲੋਕਾ1 (dual vocative)
ਲੋਕਾਃ (plural vocative)
ਲੋਕਾਸਃ1 (plural vocative)
ਲੋਕਮ੍ (accusative singular)
ਲੋਕੌ (accusative dual)
ਲੋਕਾ1 (accusative dual)
ਲੋਕਾਨ੍ (accusative plural)
ਲੋਕੇਨ (instrumental singular)
ਲੋਕਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (dual instrumental)
ਲੋਕੈਃ (instrumental plural)
ਲੋਕੇਭਿਃ1 (instrumental plural)
ਲੋਕਾਯ (dative singular)
ਲੋਕਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (dative dual)
ਲੋਕੇਭ੍ਯਃ (dative plural)
ਲੋਕਾਤ੍ (ablative singular)
ਲੋਕਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (ablative dual)
ਲੋਕੇਭ੍ਯਃ (ablative plural)
ਲੋਕਸ੍ਯ (genitive singular)
ਲੋਕਯੋਃ (dual genitive)
ਲੋਕਾਨਾਮ੍ (genitive plural)
ਲੋਕੇ (locative singular)
ਲੋਕਯੋਃ (dual locative)
ਲੋਕੇਸ਼ੁ (locative plural)


-कार

-kāra (romanization)
-कारः (nominative singular)
-कारौ (dual nominative)
-कारा1 (dual nominative)
-काराः (nominative plural)
-कारासः1 (nominative plural)
-कार (singular vocative)
-कारौ (dual vocative)
-कारा1 (dual vocative)
-काराः (plural vocative)
-कारासः1 (plural vocative)
-कारम् (accusative singular)
-कारौ (accusative dual)
-कारा1 (accusative dual)
-कारान् (accusative plural)
-कारेण (instrumental singular)
-काराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
-कारैः (instrumental plural)
-कारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
-काराय (dative singular)
-काराभ्याम् (dative dual)
-कारेभ्यः (dative plural)
-कारात् (ablative singular)
-काराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
-कारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
-कारस्य (genitive singular)
-कारयोः (dual genitive)
-काराणाम् (genitive plural)
-कारे (locative singular)
-कारयोः (dual locative)
-कारेषु (locative plural)

Hindi: -कार (-kār)

Pali: -kāra

Marathi: -कार (-kār)

→ Malayalam: -കാരൻ (-kāraṉ)

→ Tamil: -காரன் (-kāraṉ)

→ Telugu: -కారము (-kāramu)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-kāras. Cognate with Persian کار (kâr). Related to कृ (kṛ, “to do, make”, root).


कृत

sa-part

कृत • (kṛtá) past passive participle (root कृ)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tás (“done”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷr̥-tó-s, from *kʷer- (“to do, make”). By surface analysis, कृ (kṛ) + -त (-ta). Cognate with Avestan 𐬐𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (kər^əta), Old Persian 𐎣𐎼𐎫 (k-r-t /karta/).


कृत

kṛtá (romanization)
कृतः (nominative singular)
कृतौ (dual nominative)
कृता1 (dual nominative)
कृताः (nominative plural)
कृतासः1 (nominative plural)
कृत (singular vocative)
कृतौ (dual vocative)
कृता1 (dual vocative)
कृताः (plural vocative)
कृतासः1 (plural vocative)
कृतम् (accusative singular)
कृतौ (accusative dual)
कृता1 (accusative dual)
कृतान् (accusative plural)
कृतेन (instrumental singular)
कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृतैः (instrumental plural)
कृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृताय (dative singular)
कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
कृतात् (ablative singular)
कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृतस्य (genitive singular)
कृतयोः (dual genitive)
कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
कृते (locative singular)
कृतयोः (dual locative)
कृतेषु (locative plural)
कृता (nominative singular)
कृते (dual nominative)
कृताः (nominative plural)
कृते (singular vocative)
कृते (dual vocative)
कृताः (plural vocative)
कृताम् (accusative singular)
कृते (accusative dual)
कृताः (accusative plural)
कृतया (instrumental singular)
कृता1 (instrumental singular)
कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृताभिः (instrumental plural)
कृतायै (dative singular)
कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृताभ्यः (dative plural)
कृतायाः (ablative singular)
कृतायै2 (ablative singular)
कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृताभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृतायाः (genitive singular)
कृतायै2 (genitive singular)
कृतयोः (dual genitive)
कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
कृतायाम् (locative singular)
कृतयोः (dual locative)
कृतासु (locative plural)
कृतम् (nominative singular)
कृते (dual nominative)
कृतानि (nominative plural)
कृता1 (nominative plural)
कृत (singular vocative)
कृते (dual vocative)
कृतानि (plural vocative)
कृता1 (plural vocative)
कृतम् (accusative singular)
कृते (accusative dual)
कृतानि (accusative plural)
कृता1 (accusative plural)
कृतेन (instrumental singular)
कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृतैः (instrumental plural)
कृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृताय (dative singular)
कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
कृतात् (ablative singular)
कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृतस्य (genitive singular)
कृतयोः (dual genitive)
कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
कृते (locative singular)
कृतयोः (dual locative)
कृतेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑀝 (kaṭa)
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀟 (kaḍa)
Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀟 (kaḍa), 𑀓𑀴 (kaḷa)
Helu Prakrit:
Sinhalese: කළා (kaḷā)

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀓𑀼𑀝 (*kuṭa)

Dhivehi: ކުޅަ (kuḷa)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑀢 (kata)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀬 (kaya)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀤 (kada)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀅 (kaa)

Paisaci Prakrit: 𑀓𑀢 (kata)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀤 (kada)

desc

⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀓𑀢-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮 (*kata-illa)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀏𑀮𑁆𑀮 (kaella)

Sindhi: कएल(Other forms : कइअल)

⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀓𑀢-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀓 (*kata-illa-ka)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀅𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀅 (kaallaa)

Konkani: केलो (kelo, perfective), केल्लो (kello, adjective)

Old Marathi: 𑘎𑘹𑘩𑘹𑘽 (keleṃ)

Marathi: केले (kele)

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀓𑀺𑀢 (*kita)

Gandhari: 𐨐𐨁𐨡 (kida)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀺𑀤 (kida), *𑀓𑀺𑀅 (*kia)

Odia: କିଆ (kiā)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀺𑀤 (kida)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa: किअ (kia)

⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀓𑀺𑀢-𑀓 (*kita-ka)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਕੀਤਾ (kītā)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀺𑀤𑀕 (kidaga)

Hindustani:

Hindi: किया (kiyā)

Urdu: کِیا (kiyā)

Kumaoni: कयो (kayo)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨐𐨁𐨚 (kiṭa)
Niya Prakrit: 𐨐𐨁𐨜𐨹 (kiḍ́a)

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀓𑀾𑀢 (*kṛta)

Niya Prakrit: 𐨐𐨃𐨟 (kṛta), 𐨐𐨿𐨪𐨁𐨟 (krita)

desc

Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨐𐨿𐨪𐨁𐨚 (kriṭa), 𐨐𐨁𐨚𐨿𐨪 (kiṭra)

Dardic:

Chilisso: [script needed] (kiryah)

Kalami: [script needed] (kir)

Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (kir)

Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (kiria)

Torwali: [script needed] (kī)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (kir)

Pali: kata, kaṭa (in compounds)

→ Hindi: कृत (kŕt)

→ Kannada: ಕೃತ (kṛta)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: kṛta
> Javanese: ꦏꦽꦠ (kreta), ꦏꦼꦂꦠ (kerta), ꦏꦂꦠ (karta) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬓᭂᬃᬢ (kerta)

→ Tamil: கிருத்தம் (kiruttam)

→ Telugu: కృతము (kr̥tamu)

रथो॒ न या॒तः शिक्व॑भिः कृ॒तो द्यामङ्गे॑भिररु॒षेभि॑रीयते।
आद॑स्य॒ ते कृ॒ष्णासो॑ दक्षि सू॒रय॒: शूर॑स्येव त्वे॒षथा॑दीषते॒ वय॑:॥
rátho ná yātáḥ śíkvabhiḥ kṛtó dyā́máṅgebhiraruṣébhirīyate.

Like a swift chariot made by men who know their art, he (Agni) with his red limbs lifts himself aloft to heaven.
Your worshipers become by burning black of hue: this strength flies as before a hero's violence.

ā́dasya té kṛṣṇā́so dakṣi sūráyaḥ śū́rasyeva tveṣáthādīṣate váyaḥ.


कृत

kṛtá (romanization)
कृतम् (nominative singular)
कृते (dual nominative)
कृतानि (nominative plural)
कृता1 (nominative plural)
कृत (singular vocative)
कृते (dual vocative)
कृतानि (plural vocative)
कृता1 (plural vocative)
कृतम् (accusative singular)
कृते (accusative dual)
कृतानि (accusative plural)
कृता1 (accusative plural)
कृतेन (instrumental singular)
कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृतैः (instrumental plural)
कृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृताय (dative singular)
कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
कृतात् (ablative singular)
कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृतस्य (genitive singular)
कृतयोः (dual genitive)
कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
कृते (locative singular)
कृतयोः (dual locative)
कृतेषु (locative plural)


ભૂ

Gujarati script form of भू (“becoming; world”)


प्रतीक्षा

sa-noun

प्रतीक्षा • (pratīkṣā) stem, f

pratīkṣā (romanization)
प्रतीक्षा (nominative singular)
प्रतीक्षे (dual nominative)
प्रतीक्षाः (nominative plural)
प्रतीक्षे (singular vocative)
प्रतीक्षे (dual vocative)
प्रतीक्षाः (plural vocative)
प्रतीक्षाम् (accusative singular)
प्रतीक्षे (accusative dual)
प्रतीक्षाः (accusative plural)
प्रतीक्षया (instrumental singular)
प्रतीक्षा1 (instrumental singular)
प्रतीक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रतीक्षाभिः (instrumental plural)
प्रतीक्षायै (dative singular)
प्रतीक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रतीक्षाभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रतीक्षायाः (ablative singular)
प्रतीक्षायै2 (ablative singular)
प्रतीक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रतीक्षाभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रतीक्षायाः (genitive singular)
प्रतीक्षायै2 (genitive singular)
प्रतीक्षयोः (dual genitive)
प्रतीक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
प्रतीक्षायाम् (locative singular)
प्रतीक्षयोः (dual locative)
प्रतीक्षासु (locative plural)

/pɾɐˈt̪iːk.ʂɑː/

From प्रति (prati, “towards”) + ईक्ष् (īkṣ, “to see”).

com

expectation, consideration, respect, attention


अप्रमाण

head

अप्रमाण • (apramāṇa)

→ Old Gujarati: अप्रमाण (apramāṇa)

→ Tocharian B: apramani


गायन

gāyana (romanization)
गायनम् (nominative singular)
गायने (dual nominative)
गायनानि (nominative plural)
गायना1 (nominative plural)
गायन (singular vocative)
गायने (dual vocative)
गायनानि (plural vocative)
गायना1 (plural vocative)
गायनम् (accusative singular)
गायने (accusative dual)
गायनानि (accusative plural)
गायना1 (accusative plural)
गायनेन (instrumental singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गायनैः (instrumental plural)
गायनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गायनाय (dative singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गायनेभ्यः (dative plural)
गायनात् (ablative singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गायनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गायनस्य (genitive singular)
गायनयोः (dual genitive)
गायनानाम् (genitive plural)
गायने (locative singular)
गायनयोः (dual locative)
गायनेषु (locative plural)

Pali: gāyana

→ Hindi: गायन (gāyan)

→ Nepali: गायन (gāyan)

/ˈɡɑː.jɐ.n̪ɐ/

the act of professing or practising singing as a livelihood


गायन

gāyana (romanization)
गायनः (nominative singular)
गायनौ (dual nominative)
गायना1 (dual nominative)
गायनाः (nominative plural)
गायनासः1 (nominative plural)
गायन (singular vocative)
गायनौ (dual vocative)
गायना1 (dual vocative)
गायनाः (plural vocative)
गायनासः1 (plural vocative)
गायनम् (accusative singular)
गायनौ (accusative dual)
गायना1 (accusative dual)
गायनान् (accusative plural)
गायनेन (instrumental singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गायनैः (instrumental plural)
गायनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गायनाय (dative singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गायनेभ्यः (dative plural)
गायनात् (ablative singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गायनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गायनस्य (genitive singular)
गायनयोः (dual genitive)
गायनानाम् (genitive plural)
गायने (locative singular)
गायनयोः (dual locative)
गायनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈɡɑː.jɐ.n̪ɐ/


भर

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰáras, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰóros (“load, burden”). Cognate with Ancient Greek φόρος (phóros).

inh

maintaining, supporting (mostly ifc.; cf. [ṛtam-], [kulam-], [deham-], [vājam-bh] and c.)


भर

bhára (romanization)
भरः (nominative singular)
भरौ (dual nominative)
भरा1 (dual nominative)
भराः (nominative plural)
भरासः1 (nominative plural)
भर (singular vocative)
भरौ (dual vocative)
भरा1 (dual vocative)
भराः (plural vocative)
भरासः1 (plural vocative)
भरम् (accusative singular)
भरौ (accusative dual)
भरा1 (accusative dual)
भरान् (accusative plural)
भरेण (instrumental singular)
भराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भरैः (instrumental plural)
भरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भराय (dative singular)
भराभ्याम् (dative dual)
भरेभ्यः (dative plural)
भरात् (ablative singular)
भराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भरस्य (genitive singular)
भरयोः (dual genitive)
भराणाम् (genitive plural)
भरे (locative singular)
भरयोः (dual locative)
भरेषु (locative plural)

carrying away or what is carried away, gain,prize, booty

a large quantity, great number, mass, bulk, multitude, abundance, excess

raising the voice, shout or song of praise


भर

second-person singular imperative active of भरति (bhárati, “to bear”)


अधम

adhamá (romanization)
अधमः (nominative singular)
अधमौ (dual nominative)
अधमाः (nominative plural)
अधम (singular vocative)
अधमौ (dual vocative)
अधमाः (plural vocative)
अधमम् (accusative singular)
अधमौ (accusative dual)
अधमान् (accusative plural)
अधमेन (instrumental singular)
अधमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधमैः (instrumental plural)
अधमाय (dative singular)
अधमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधमेभ्यः (dative plural)
अधमात् (ablative singular)
अधमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधमस्य (genitive singular)
अधमयोः (dual genitive)
अधमानाम् (genitive plural)
अधमे (locative singular)
अधमयोः (dual locative)
अधमेषु (locative plural)
अधमा (nominative singular)
अधमे (dual nominative)
अधमाः (nominative plural)
अधमे (singular vocative)
अधमे (dual vocative)
अधमाः (plural vocative)
अधमाम् (accusative singular)
अधमे (accusative dual)
अधमाः (accusative plural)
अधमया (instrumental singular)
अधमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधमाभिः (instrumental plural)
अधमायै (dative singular)
अधमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधमाभ्यः (dative plural)
अधमायाः (ablative singular)
अधमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधमाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधमायाः (genitive singular)
अधमयोः (dual genitive)
अधमानाम् (genitive plural)
अधमायाम् (locative singular)
अधमयोः (dual locative)
अधमासु (locative plural)
अधमम् (nominative singular)
अधमे (dual nominative)
अधमानि (nominative plural)
अधम (singular vocative)
अधमे (dual vocative)
अधमानि (plural vocative)
अधमम् (accusative singular)
अधमे (accusative dual)
अधमानि (accusative plural)
अधमेन (instrumental singular)
अधमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधमैः (instrumental plural)
अधमाय (dative singular)
अधमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधमेभ्यः (dative plural)
अधमात् (ablative singular)
अधमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधमस्य (genitive singular)
अधमयोः (dual genitive)
अधमानाम् (genitive plural)
अधमे (locative singular)
अधमयोः (dual locative)
अधमेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अधम

Feminine ā-stem declension of अधम

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">अधम</i>

/ˈɐ.d̪ʱɐ.mɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hadʰamás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hadʰamás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥dʰ-m̥mo-s (“lowest”), from *h₁n̥dʰí (“under, below”). Cognate with Latin īnfimus (“lowest”).

superlative degree of अधर (ádhara); lowest, very low


अस्मान्

head

अस्मान् • (asmā́n)

Punjabi: ਅਸਾਂ (asā̃) oblique case and instrumental case of first-person plural personal pronoun ਅਸੀਂ (asī̃, “we”)

/ˈɐs̪.mɑːn̪/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *asmá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *asmá, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥smé (“us”), accusative plural of *éǵh₂. Cognate with English us.


फिङ्गक

phiṅgaka (romanization)
फिङ्गकः (nominative singular)
फिङ्गकौ (dual nominative)
फिङ्गकाः (nominative plural)
फिङ्गक (singular vocative)
फिङ्गकौ (dual vocative)
फिङ्गकाः (plural vocative)
फिङ्गकम् (accusative singular)
फिङ्गकौ (accusative dual)
फिङ्गकान् (accusative plural)
फिङ्गकेन (instrumental singular)
फिङ्गकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
फिङ्गकैः (instrumental plural)
फिङ्गकाय (dative singular)
फिङ्गकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
फिङ्गकेभ्यः (dative plural)
फिङ्गकात् (ablative singular)
फिङ्गकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
फिङ्गकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
फिङ्गकस्य (genitive singular)
फिङ्गकयोः (dual genitive)
फिङ्गकानाम् (genitive plural)
फिङ्गके (locative singular)
फिङ्गकयोः (dual locative)
फिङ्गकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of फिङ्गक

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

Assamese: ফিঙা (phiṅa)

Hindi: फिंगा (phiṅgā)

Diminutive of *फिङ्ग (phiṅga), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pingos (“chaffinch”). Compare Ancient Greek σπίγγος (spíngos, “chaffinch”), Russian пе́нка (pénka, “wren”), Welsh pinc (“finch”), German Fink, Old English finċ (English finch).

cog

species of shrike; a small fork-tailed bird


श्याव

sa-adj

श्याव • (śyāvá) stem

śyāvá (romanization)
श्यावः (nominative singular)
श्यावौ (dual nominative)
श्यावा1 (dual nominative)
श्यावाः (nominative plural)
श्यावासः1 (nominative plural)
श्याव (singular vocative)
श्यावौ (dual vocative)
श्यावा1 (dual vocative)
श्यावाः (plural vocative)
श्यावासः1 (plural vocative)
श्यावम् (accusative singular)
श्यावौ (accusative dual)
श्यावा1 (accusative dual)
श्यावान् (accusative plural)
श्यावेन (instrumental singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्यावैः (instrumental plural)
श्यावेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्यावाय (dative singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्यावेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्यावात् (ablative singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्यावेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्यावस्य (genitive singular)
श्यावयोः (dual genitive)
श्यावानाम् (genitive plural)
श्यावे (locative singular)
श्यावयोः (dual locative)
श्यावेषु (locative plural)
श्यावा (nominative singular)
श्यावे (dual nominative)
श्यावाः (nominative plural)
श्यावे (singular vocative)
श्यावे (dual vocative)
श्यावाः (plural vocative)
श्यावाम् (accusative singular)
श्यावे (accusative dual)
श्यावाः (accusative plural)
श्यावया (instrumental singular)
श्यावा1 (instrumental singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्यावाभिः (instrumental plural)
श्यावायै (dative singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्यावाभ्यः (dative plural)
श्यावायाः (ablative singular)
श्यावायै2 (ablative singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्यावाभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्यावायाः (genitive singular)
श्यावायै2 (genitive singular)
श्यावयोः (dual genitive)
श्यावानाम् (genitive plural)
श्यावायाम् (locative singular)
श्यावयोः (dual locative)
श्यावासु (locative plural)
श्यावम् (nominative singular)
श्यावे (dual nominative)
श्यावानि (nominative plural)
श्यावा1 (nominative plural)
श्याव (singular vocative)
श्यावे (dual vocative)
श्यावानि (plural vocative)
श्यावा1 (plural vocative)
श्यावम् (accusative singular)
श्यावे (accusative dual)
श्यावानि (accusative plural)
श्यावा1 (accusative plural)
श्यावेन (instrumental singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्यावैः (instrumental plural)
श्यावेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्यावाय (dative singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्यावेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्यावात् (ablative singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्यावेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्यावस्य (genitive singular)
श्यावयोः (dual genitive)
श्यावानाम् (genitive plural)
श्यावे (locative singular)
श्यावयोः (dual locative)
श्यावेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Khowar: ݰا (ṣa)

Ashokan Prakrit:

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: سائو / साओ (sāo, “green”)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHwás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-wó-s (“dark; deep brown”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀 (siiāuua), Persian سیاه (siyâh, “black”), Russian сивый (sivyj, “grey”), Lithuanian šývas (“light grey”), Old English hīew (whence English hue).

inh

(said of chariots, Vedic) drawn by brown or bay horses


श्याव

śyāva (romanization)
श्यावः (nominative singular)
श्यावौ (dual nominative)
श्यावा1 (dual nominative)
श्यावाः (nominative plural)
श्यावासः1 (nominative plural)
श्याव (singular vocative)
श्यावौ (dual vocative)
श्यावा1 (dual vocative)
श्यावाः (plural vocative)
श्यावासः1 (plural vocative)
श्यावम् (accusative singular)
श्यावौ (accusative dual)
श्यावा1 (accusative dual)
श्यावान् (accusative plural)
श्यावेन (instrumental singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्यावैः (instrumental plural)
श्यावेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्यावाय (dative singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्यावेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्यावात् (ablative singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्यावेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्यावस्य (genitive singular)
श्यावयोः (dual genitive)
श्यावानाम् (genitive plural)
श्यावे (locative singular)
श्यावयोः (dual locative)
श्यावेषु (locative plural)


बधिर

badhirá (romanization)
बधिरः (nominative singular)
बधिरौ (dual nominative)
बधिरा1 (dual nominative)
बधिराः (nominative plural)
बधिरासः1 (nominative plural)
बधिर (singular vocative)
बधिरौ (dual vocative)
बधिरा1 (dual vocative)
बधिराः (plural vocative)
बधिरासः1 (plural vocative)
बधिरम् (accusative singular)
बधिरौ (accusative dual)
बधिरा1 (accusative dual)
बधिरान् (accusative plural)
बधिरेण (instrumental singular)
बधिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बधिरैः (instrumental plural)
बधिरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बधिराय (dative singular)
बधिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
बधिरेभ्यः (dative plural)
बधिरात् (ablative singular)
बधिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बधिरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बधिरस्य (genitive singular)
बधिरयोः (dual genitive)
बधिराणाम् (genitive plural)
बधिरे (locative singular)
बधिरयोः (dual locative)
बधिरेषु (locative plural)
बधिरा (nominative singular)
बधिरे (dual nominative)
बधिराः (nominative plural)
बधिरे (singular vocative)
बधिरे (dual vocative)
बधिराः (plural vocative)
बधिराम् (accusative singular)
बधिरे (accusative dual)
बधिराः (accusative plural)
बधिरया (instrumental singular)
बधिरा1 (instrumental singular)
बधिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बधिराभिः (instrumental plural)
बधिरायै (dative singular)
बधिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
बधिराभ्यः (dative plural)
बधिरायाः (ablative singular)
बधिरायै2 (ablative singular)
बधिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बधिराभ्यः (ablative plural)
बधिरायाः (genitive singular)
बधिरायै2 (genitive singular)
बधिरयोः (dual genitive)
बधिराणाम् (genitive plural)
बधिरायाम् (locative singular)
बधिरयोः (dual locative)
बधिरासु (locative plural)
बधिरम् (nominative singular)
बधिरे (dual nominative)
बधिराणि (nominative plural)
बधिरा1 (nominative plural)
बधिर (singular vocative)
बधिरे (dual vocative)
बधिराणि (plural vocative)
बधिरा1 (plural vocative)
बधिरम् (accusative singular)
बधिरे (accusative dual)
बधिराणि (accusative plural)
बधिरा1 (accusative plural)
बधिरेण (instrumental singular)
बधिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बधिरैः (instrumental plural)
बधिरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बधिराय (dative singular)
बधिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
बधिरेभ्यः (dative plural)
बधिरात् (ablative singular)
बधिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बधिरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बधिरस्य (genitive singular)
बधिरयोः (dual genitive)
बधिराणाम् (genitive plural)
बधिरे (locative singular)
बधिरयोः (dual locative)
बधिरेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀩𑀳𑀺𑀭 (bahira)

Bengali: বয়রা (boẏora), বহিরা (bohira)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀩𑀳𑀺𑀭 (bahira)

Konkani: भेरो (bhêrô)

⇒ Konkani: भेड्डो (bhêḍḍô)

Old Marathi: बहिर (bahira)

Marathi: बहिरा (bahirā)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀩𑀳𑀺𑀭 (bahira)

Hindi: बहरा (bahrā)

Gujarati: બહેરું (baherũ)

→ Marathi: बधीर (badhīr)

→ Telugu: బధిరము (badhiramu)

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰodʰHrós (“deaf”). Cognate with Irish bodhar and Breton bouzar.

उ॒त त्वाब॑धिरं व॒यं श्रुत्क॑र्णं॒ सन्त॑मू॒तये॑ ।
दू॒रादि॒ह ह॑वामहे ॥
utá tvā́badhiraṃ vayáṃ śrútkarṇaṃ sántamūtáye.

And thee who art not deaf, whose cars are quick to listen, for our aid,
We call to us from far away.


जामातृ

sa-noun

जामातृ • (jā́mātṛ) stem, m

jā́mātṛ (romanization)
जामाता (nominative singular)
जामातरौ (dual nominative)
जामातरा1 (dual nominative)
जामातरः (nominative plural)
जामातः (singular vocative)
जामातरौ (dual vocative)
जामातरा1 (dual vocative)
जामातरः (plural vocative)
जामातरम् (accusative singular)
जामातरौ (accusative dual)
जामातरा1 (accusative dual)
जामातॄन् (accusative plural)
जामात्रा (instrumental singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जामातृभिः (instrumental plural)
जामात्रे (dative singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (dative dual)
जामातृभ्यः (dative plural)
जामातुः (ablative singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जामातृभ्यः (ablative plural)
जामातुः (genitive singular)
जामात्रोः (dual genitive)
जामातॄणाम् (genitive plural)
जामातरि (locative singular)
जामात्रोः (dual locative)
जामातृषु (locative plural)
जामाता (nominative singular)
जामातारौ (dual nominative)
जामातारा1 (dual nominative)
जामातारः (nominative plural)
जामातः (singular vocative)
जामातारौ (dual vocative)
जामातारा1 (dual vocative)
जामातारः (plural vocative)
जामातारम् (accusative singular)
जामातारौ (accusative dual)
जामातारा1 (accusative dual)
जामातॄन् (accusative plural)
जामात्रा (instrumental singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जामातृभिः (instrumental plural)
जामात्रे (dative singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (dative dual)
जामातृभ्यः (dative plural)
जामातुः (ablative singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जामातृभ्यः (ablative plural)
जामातुः (genitive singular)
जामात्रोः (dual genitive)
जामातॄणाम् (genitive plural)
जामातरि (locative singular)
जामात्रोः (dual locative)
जामातृषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: ǰamów

Kashmiri: زامتُر (zāmtur)

Khowar: جَمار (jamaár)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ދަނބި (daᵐbi)

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: ज्वाइँ (jwāĩ)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali-Assamese:

Early Assamese: জমাই (jomai)

Assamese: জোঁৱাই (zü̃ai)

Bengali: জামাই (jamai)

Kamta: জাঙৈ (zaṅoi)

Sylheti: ꠎꠣꠝꠣꠁ (zamai), ꠎꠥꠀꠁ (zuai)

Odia: ଜ୍ୱାଇଁ (jwāĩ)

desctree

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅 (jāmāua)
*𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀅 ~ * 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀺𑀅 (*jāmāia ~ * jāmādia)
Gujarati: જમાઈ (jamāī)
Hindustani: jamāī, jãvāī
Hindi: जमाई, जँवाई
Urdu: جَمائی (jamāī), جَن٘وائی (jãvāī)
Nepali: ज्वाइँ (jwāĩ)
Konkani: jā̃vãy
Devanagari script: जांवंय
Kannada script: ಜಾಂವಂಯ್
Latin script: zanvoim
Old Marathi:
Devanagari script: जावाइ (jāvāi), जावाई (jāvāī)
Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘪𑘰𑘃 (jāvāī)
Marathi: जावई (jāvaī)
Odia: ଜ୍ୱାଇଁ (jwāĩ)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀬 (jāmāuya) — Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀼𑀅 (jāmādua) — Śaurasenī

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜਵਾਈ (javāī)

Shahmukhi script: جَوائی

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڄاٽرو

Devanagari script: ॼाट्रो

Pali: jāmātu

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀼𑀅 (jāmādua)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Old Gujarati: जमाई (jamāī)
Gujarati: જમાઈ (jamāī)
Marwari: जमाई (jamāī)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindustani:

Hindi: जँवाई (jãvāī), जमाई (jamāī)

Urdu: جنوائی (jnvāī), جمائی

Romani: ʒamutro

/d͡ʑɑ́ː.mɑː.tr̩/

/d͡ʑɑːˈmɑː.t̪r̩/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ā́mātā (“son-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵem- (“to marry”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (zāmātar, “son-in-law”), Persian داماد (dâmâd), Ancient Greek γαμβρός (gambrós, “any relative by marriage”), γάμος (gámos) (whence English -gamy).

cog

तव॑ वायव् ऋतस्पते॒ त्वष्टु॑र् जामातर् अद्भुत।
अवां॒स्य् आ वृ॑णीमहे॥
táva vāyav ṛtaspate tváṣṭur jāmātar adbhuta.
ávāṃsy ā́ vṛṇīmahe.

Wonderful Vāyu, Lord of the Order, O thou who art Tvaṣṭar's son-in-law,


पङ्क

páṅka (romanization)
पङ्कः (nominative singular)
पङ्कौ (dual nominative)
पङ्का1 (dual nominative)
पङ्काः (nominative plural)
पङ्कासः1 (nominative plural)
पङ्क (singular vocative)
पङ्कौ (dual vocative)
पङ्का1 (dual vocative)
पङ्काः (plural vocative)
पङ्कासः1 (plural vocative)
पङ्कम् (accusative singular)
पङ्कौ (accusative dual)
पङ्का1 (accusative dual)
पङ्कान् (accusative plural)
पङ्केन (instrumental singular)
पङ्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पङ्कैः (instrumental plural)
पङ्केभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पङ्काय (dative singular)
पङ्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
पङ्केभ्यः (dative plural)
पङ्कात् (ablative singular)
पङ्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पङ्केभ्यः (ablative plural)
पङ्कस्य (genitive singular)
पङ्कयोः (dual genitive)
पङ्कानाम् (genitive plural)
पङ्के (locative singular)
पङ्कयोः (dual locative)
पङ्केषु (locative plural)

Assamese: পেঁক (pẽk), বোকা (büka)

Bengali: পাঁক (pãk), পেঁক (pẽk)

Hindi: पाँक (pā̃k)

Sylheti: ꠙꠦꠇ (fex)

Tamil: பங்கம் (paṅkam)

Pali: paṅka

Lao: ບົງ (bong)

Thai: บงก์

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pánkas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánkas, from Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“mire, bog”). Cognate with Old Prussian pannean (“bog”), Middle Irish en (“water”), Dutch veen, Old English fenn (English fen).


होला

holā (romanization)
होला (nominative singular)
होले (dual nominative)
होलाः (nominative plural)
होले (singular vocative)
होले (dual vocative)
होलाः (plural vocative)
होलाम् (accusative singular)
होले (accusative dual)
होलाः (accusative plural)
होलया (instrumental singular)
होला1 (instrumental singular)
होलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
होलाभिः (instrumental plural)
होलायै (dative singular)
होलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
होलाभ्यः (dative plural)
होलायाः (ablative singular)
होलायै2 (ablative singular)
होलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
होलाभ्यः (ablative plural)
होलायाः (genitive singular)
होलायै2 (genitive singular)
होलयोः (dual genitive)
होलानाम् (genitive plural)
होलायाम् (locative singular)
होलयोः (dual locative)
होलासु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰawlaH, of uncertain origin.
Mayrhofer considers this as possibly an onomatopoeic exclamation. He also raises the possibility, via the alternative form होलाका (holākā), of a relation to होलक (holaka, “half-ripe pulse cooked over a light fire”), with the original meaning presumably being "a special type of sweating over hot cow-dung ash".
Others derive the term further from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰaw-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew- (“to pour”).


सत्ता

/ˈs̪ɐt̪.t̪ɑː/

[ˈs̪ɐt̪̚.t̪ɑː]

nominative singular feminine of सत्त (sattá, “seated”)

(Vedic) inflection of सत्त (sattá, “seated”):

inflection of सत्त (sattá, “seated”):
instrumental singular feminine

inflection of सत्त (sattá, “seated”):
nominative/accusative plural neuter


सत्ता

/ˈs̪ɐt̪.t̪ɑː/

[ˈs̪ɐt̪̚.t̪ɑː]

vocative plural neuter of सत्त (sattá, “seated”)


मन्दुरा

mandurā (romanization)
मन्दुरा (nominative singular)
मन्दुरे (dual nominative)
मन्दुराः (nominative plural)
मन्दुरे (singular vocative)
मन्दुरे (dual vocative)
मन्दुराः (plural vocative)
मन्दुराम् (accusative singular)
मन्दुरे (accusative dual)
मन्दुराः (accusative plural)
मन्दुरया (instrumental singular)
मन्दुरा1 (instrumental singular)
मन्दुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मन्दुराभिः (instrumental plural)
मन्दुरायै (dative singular)
मन्दुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
मन्दुराभ्यः (dative plural)
मन्दुरायाः (ablative singular)
मन्दुरायै2 (ablative singular)
मन्दुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मन्दुराभ्यः (ablative plural)
मन्दुरायाः (genitive singular)
मन्दुरायै2 (genitive singular)
मन्दुरयोः (dual genitive)
मन्दुराणाम् (genitive plural)
मन्दुरायाम् (locative singular)
मन्दुरयोः (dual locative)
मन्दुरासु (locative plural)

Tamil: மந்துரை (manturai)

Together with मन्दिर (mandira, “temple”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *mendreh₂ (“enclosure, stall”), itself a borrowing from an unidentified source that also gave Ancient Greek μάνδρα (mándra, “enclosed space, stable”).


किरण

kiráṇa (romanization)
किरणः (nominative singular)
किरणौ (dual nominative)
किरणा1 (dual nominative)
किरणाः (nominative plural)
किरणासः1 (nominative plural)
किरण (singular vocative)
किरणौ (dual vocative)
किरणा1 (dual vocative)
किरणाः (plural vocative)
किरणासः1 (plural vocative)
किरणम् (accusative singular)
किरणौ (accusative dual)
किरणा1 (accusative dual)
किरणान् (accusative plural)
किरणेन (instrumental singular)
किरणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
किरणैः (instrumental plural)
किरणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
किरणाय (dative singular)
किरणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
किरणेभ्यः (dative plural)
किरणात् (ablative singular)
किरणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
किरणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
किरणस्य (genitive singular)
किरणयोः (dual genitive)
किरणानाम् (genitive plural)
किरणे (locative singular)
किरणयोः (dual locative)
किरणेषु (locative plural)

a ray or beam of light, a sunbeam or moonbeam

name of a kind of ketu (of which twenty-five are named)


चटक

caṭaka (romanization)
चटकः (nominative singular)
चटकौ (dual nominative)
चटकाः (nominative plural)
चटक (singular vocative)
चटकौ (dual vocative)
चटकाः (plural vocative)
चटकम् (accusative singular)
चटकौ (accusative dual)
चटकान् (accusative plural)
चटकेन (instrumental singular)
चटकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चटकैः (instrumental plural)
चटकाय (dative singular)
चटकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चटकेभ्यः (dative plural)
चटकात् (ablative singular)
चटकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चटकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चटकस्य (genitive singular)
चटकयोः (dual genitive)
चटकानाम् (genitive plural)
चटके (locative singular)
चटकयोः (dual locative)
चटकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of चटक

desc

Prakrit: *𑀘𑀟𑀬 (*caḍaya), *𑀘𑀺𑀟𑀺𑀕 (*ciḍiga), *𑀘𑀟𑀺𑀬 (*caḍiya)

Assamese: চৰাই (sorai)

Bengali: চড়াই (coṛai)

Hindi: चिड़ा (ciṛā), चिड़िया f (ciṛiyā)

→ Bengali: চিড়িয়া (ciṛiẏa)

Punjabi: ਚਿੜੀ (ciṛī)

Romani: ćiriklo, ćirikli

Odia: ଚଟିଆ (caṭiā), ଚଢ଼େଇ (caṛhei)

Sylheti: ꠌꠠꠂ (soṛoi)

/t͡ɕɐ.ʈɐ.kɐ/

/ˈt͡ɕɐ.ʈɐ.kɐ/

A compound of चट (caṭa) + -क (-ka, “doer”), with the first element probably being an imitation of the sounds made by the bird.


उष्ट्र

sa-noun

उष्ट्र • (úṣṭra) stem, m

úṣṭra (romanization)
उष्ट्रः (nominative singular)
उष्ट्रौ (dual nominative)
उष्ट्रा1 (dual nominative)
उष्ट्राः (nominative plural)
उष्ट्रासः1 (nominative plural)
उष्ट्र (singular vocative)
उष्ट्रौ (dual vocative)
उष्ट्रा1 (dual vocative)
उष्ट्राः (plural vocative)
उष्ट्रासः1 (plural vocative)
उष्ट्रम् (accusative singular)
उष्ट्रौ (accusative dual)
उष्ट्रा1 (accusative dual)
उष्ट्रान् (accusative plural)
उष्ट्रेण (instrumental singular)
उष्ट्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उष्ट्रैः (instrumental plural)
उष्ट्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उष्ट्राय (dative singular)
उष्ट्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
उष्ट्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
उष्ट्रात् (ablative singular)
उष्ट्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उष्ट्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उष्ट्रस्य (genitive singular)
उष्ट्रयोः (dual genitive)
उष्ट्राणाम् (genitive plural)
उष्ट्रे (locative singular)
उष्ट्रयोः (dual locative)
उष्ट्रेषु (locative plural)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 (uṭṭa)

Dardic:

Kalasha: uṭ

Kashmiri: ووٗنٛٹ (vūnṭ)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އޮށް (oṣ̊)

Sinhalese: ඔටුවා (oṭuwā)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: উট (ut)

Bengali: উট (uṭ)

Chakma: 𑄅𑄑𑄴 (uṭ), 𑄃𑄪𑄑𑄴 (uṭ)

Odia: ଓଟ (oṭa)

Sylheti: ꠃꠐ (uṭ)

desctree

< vṛddhi derivative <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">औष्ट्र</i> (auṣṭra)

Pali: oṭṭha (< vṛddhi derivative औष्ट्र (auṣṭra))
→ Lao: ອູດ (ʼūt)
→ Burmese: အုတ် (ut)
→ Khmer: អូដ្ឋ (ʼout) , ឩដ្ឋ (ʼout)
→ Thai: อูฐ (ùut)

Prakrit:

→ Burushaski: [script needed] (ūṭ)

→ Gondi: ఊటడ్ (ūṭaḍ)

→ Kannada: ಒಂಟೆ (oṇṭe)

→ Malayalam: ഒട്ടകം (oṭṭakaṁ)

→ Malay: unta

→ Indonesian: unta

→ Tamil: ஒட்டகம் (oṭṭakam)

→ Telugu: ఒంటె (oṇṭe)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 (uṭṭa), 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀞 (uṭṭha)
Konkani: ओंटे (oṇṭe)
Marathi: उंट (uṇṭa)
Dhivehi: އޮށް (oṣ̊)

Marathi: उंट (uṇṭa)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 (uṭṭa)

Gujarati: ઊંટ (ū̃ṭa)

Hindustani:

Hindi: ऊँट (ū̃ṭ)

→ English: oont

desc

Urdu: اونٹ (ū̃ṭ)

Urdu: اونٹ (ū̃ṭ)

Nepali: उँट (ũṭ)

Punjabi: ਊਠ (ūṭha) / اوٹھ (ūṭh, ūṭhṭh)

Marwari: ओठारू (oṭhārū)

Sindhi: اُٺُ / उठु (uṭhu)

→ Bengali: উষ্ট্র (uśṭro)

→ Hindi: उष्ट्र (uṣṭra)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *úštras; see there for more. Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬱𐬙𐬭𐬀 (uštra), Old English ūr.

ऊँटान

Sauraseni Prakrit: uṭṭāhana (“Lord Hanumat”)

ऊँटसवार

Hindi: ऊँटवान (ū̃ṭ(a)vān, “Lord Hanuman”)


हेति

hetí (romanization)
हेतिः (nominative singular)
हेती (dual nominative)
हेतयः (nominative plural)
हेते (singular vocative)
हेती (dual vocative)
हेतयः (plural vocative)
हेतिम् (accusative singular)
हेती (accusative dual)
हेतीः (accusative plural)
हेत्या (instrumental singular)
हेती1 (instrumental singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हेतिभिः (instrumental plural)
हेतये (dative singular)
हेत्यै2 (dative singular)
हेती1 (dative singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
हेतिभ्यः (dative plural)
हेतेः (ablative singular)
हेत्याः2 (ablative singular)
हेत्यै3 (ablative singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हेतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
हेतेः (genitive singular)
हेत्याः2 (genitive singular)
हेत्यै3 (genitive singular)
हेत्योः (dual genitive)
हेतीनाम् (genitive plural)
हेतौ (locative singular)
हेत्याम्2 (locative singular)
हेता1 (locative singular)
हेत्योः (dual locative)
हेतिषु (locative plural)
हेतिः (nominative singular)
हेती (dual nominative)
हेतयः (nominative plural)
हेते (singular vocative)
हेती (dual vocative)
हेतयः (plural vocative)
हेतिम् (accusative singular)
हेती (accusative dual)
हेतीन् (accusative plural)
हेतिना (instrumental singular)
हेत्या1 (instrumental singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हेतिभिः (instrumental plural)
हेतये (dative singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
हेतिभ्यः (dative plural)
हेतेः (ablative singular)
हेत्यः1 (ablative singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हेतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
हेतेः (genitive singular)
हेत्यः1 (genitive singular)
हेत्योः (dual genitive)
हेतीनाम् (genitive plural)
हेतौ (locative singular)
हेता1 (locative singular)
हेत्योः (dual locative)
हेतिषु (locative plural)

→ Tamil: ஏதி (ēti)

From the root हि (hi) + -ति (-ti), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰey- (“dart, projectile”); cognate with English goad and Scottish Gaelic gath (“arrow, dart”).

inh

परि॑ णो हे॒ती रु॒द्रस्य॑ वृज्याः॒ परि॑ त्वे॒षस्य॑ दुर्म॒तिर्म॒ही गा॑त् ।
अव॑ स्थि॒रा म॒घव॑द्भ्यस्तनुष्व॒ मीढ्व॑स्तो॒काय॒ तन॑याय मृळ ॥
pári ṇo hetī́ rudrásya vṛjyāḥ pári tveṣásya durmatírmahī́ gāt.

May Rudra's missile turn aside and spare us, may the great wrath of the impetuous One avoid us.
Turn, O Bounteous God, thy strong bow from our princes, and be thou gracious to our progeny and offspring.

áva sthirā́ maghávadbhyastanuṣva mī́ḍhvastokā́ya tánayāya mṛḷa


वित्त

vittá (romanization)
वित्तः (nominative singular)
वित्तौ (dual nominative)
वित्ता1 (dual nominative)
वित्ताः (nominative plural)
वित्तासः1 (nominative plural)
वित्त (singular vocative)
वित्तौ (dual vocative)
वित्ता1 (dual vocative)
वित्ताः (plural vocative)
वित्तासः1 (plural vocative)
वित्तम् (accusative singular)
वित्तौ (accusative dual)
वित्ता1 (accusative dual)
वित्तान् (accusative plural)
वित्तेन (instrumental singular)
वित्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वित्तैः (instrumental plural)
वित्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वित्ताय (dative singular)
वित्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वित्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
वित्तात् (ablative singular)
वित्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वित्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वित्तस्य (genitive singular)
वित्तयोः (dual genitive)
वित्तानाम् (genitive plural)
वित्ते (locative singular)
वित्तयोः (dual locative)
वित्तेषु (locative plural)
वित्ता (nominative singular)
वित्ते (dual nominative)
वित्ताः (nominative plural)
वित्ते (singular vocative)
वित्ते (dual vocative)
वित्ताः (plural vocative)
वित्ताम् (accusative singular)
वित्ते (accusative dual)
वित्ताः (accusative plural)
वित्तया (instrumental singular)
वित्ता1 (instrumental singular)
वित्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वित्ताभिः (instrumental plural)
वित्तायै (dative singular)
वित्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वित्ताभ्यः (dative plural)
वित्तायाः (ablative singular)
वित्तायै2 (ablative singular)
वित्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वित्ताभ्यः (ablative plural)
वित्तायाः (genitive singular)
वित्तायै2 (genitive singular)
वित्तयोः (dual genitive)
वित्तानाम् (genitive plural)
वित्तायाम् (locative singular)
वित्तयोः (dual locative)
वित्तासु (locative plural)
वित्तम् (nominative singular)
वित्ते (dual nominative)
वित्तानि (nominative plural)
वित्ता1 (nominative plural)
वित्त (singular vocative)
वित्ते (dual vocative)
वित्तानि (plural vocative)
वित्ता1 (plural vocative)
वित्तम् (accusative singular)
वित्ते (accusative dual)
वित्तानि (accusative plural)
वित्ता1 (accusative plural)
वित्तेन (instrumental singular)
वित्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वित्तैः (instrumental plural)
वित्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वित्ताय (dative singular)
वित्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वित्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
वित्तात् (ablative singular)
वित्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वित्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वित्तस्य (genitive singular)
वित्तयोः (dual genitive)
वित्तानाम् (genitive plural)
वित्ते (locative singular)
वित्तयोः (dual locative)
वित्तेषु (locative plural)

[ˈʋit̪̚.t̪ɐ]

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wittás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *witˢtás (“found”), from Proto-Indo-European *widtós (“seen, known”).

found, acquired, gained, obtained, possessed


कोलिक

kolika (romanization)
कोलिकः (nominative singular)
कोलिकौ (dual nominative)
कोलिकाः (nominative plural)
कोलिक (singular vocative)
कोलिकौ (dual vocative)
कोलिकाः (plural vocative)
कोलिकम् (accusative singular)
कोलिकौ (accusative dual)
कोलिकान् (accusative plural)
कोलिकेन (instrumental singular)
कोलिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोलिकैः (instrumental plural)
कोलिकाय (dative singular)
कोलिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोलिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
कोलिकात् (ablative singular)
कोलिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोलिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोलिकस्य (genitive singular)
कोलिकयोः (dual genitive)
कोलिकानाम् (genitive plural)
कोलिके (locative singular)
कोलिकयोः (dual locative)
कोलिकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of कोलिक

कोलिकाभ्याम्

कोलिकाभ्याम्

कोलिकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

कोलिकाभ्याम्

कोलिकाभ्याम्

कोलिकाभ्याम्

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀅 (kolia)

Marathi: कोळी (koḷī)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀅 (kolia)

Hindi: कोली (kolī)

Gujarati: કોળી (koḷī)

Gujarati: કરોળિયો (karoḷiyo)


स्नुषा

snuṣā́ (romanization)
स्नुषा (nominative singular)
स्नुषे (dual nominative)
स्नुषाः (nominative plural)
स्नुषे (singular vocative)
स्नुषे (dual vocative)
स्नुषाः (plural vocative)
स्नुषाम् (accusative singular)
स्नुषे (accusative dual)
स्नुषाः (accusative plural)
स्नुषया (instrumental singular)
स्नुषा1 (instrumental singular)
स्नुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्नुषाभिः (instrumental plural)
स्नुषायै (dative singular)
स्नुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्नुषाभ्यः (dative plural)
स्नुषायाः (ablative singular)
स्नुषायै2 (ablative singular)
स्नुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्नुषाभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्नुषायाः (genitive singular)
स्नुषायै2 (genitive singular)
स्नुषयोः (dual genitive)
स्नुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
स्नुषायाम् (locative singular)
स्नुषयोः (dual locative)
स्नुषासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: نۄش (nọś)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (suṇhā)

Old Marathi: सुन (sun)

Marathi: सून (sūn)

Konkani: सून (sūn)

Pali: suṇisā

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਨੂੰਹ (nū̃h)

→ Kannada: ಸೊಸೆ (sose)

/ˈs̪n̪u.ʂɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *snušás (“daughter-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *snusós (“daughter-in-law”). Cognate with Persian سنه (sonoh), سنهار (sonhâr), Latin nurus, Ancient Greek νυός (nuós), Old English snoru.

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

ये सूर्यात्परिसर्पन्ति स्नुषेव श्वशुरादधि ।
ye sūryātparisarpanti snuṣeva śvaśurādadhi.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 8.6.24

She slinkers from the Sun, as slinks a daughter-in-law from her father-in-law


धूलि

dhūli (romanization)
धूलिः (nominative singular)
धूली (dual nominative)
धूलयः (nominative plural)
धूले (singular vocative)
धूली (dual vocative)
धूलयः (plural vocative)
धूलिम् (accusative singular)
धूली (accusative dual)
धूलीः (accusative plural)
धूल्या (instrumental singular)
धूली1 (instrumental singular)
धूलिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धूलिभिः (instrumental plural)
धूलये (dative singular)
धूल्यै2 (dative singular)
धूली1 (dative singular)
धूलिभ्याम् (dative dual)
धूलिभ्यः (dative plural)
धूलेः (ablative singular)
धूल्याः2 (ablative singular)
धूल्यै3 (ablative singular)
धूलिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धूलिभ्यः (ablative plural)
धूलेः (genitive singular)
धूल्याः2 (genitive singular)
धूल्यै3 (genitive singular)
धूल्योः (dual genitive)
धूलीनाम् (genitive plural)
धूलौ (locative singular)
धूल्याम्2 (locative singular)
धूला1 (locative singular)
धूल्योः (dual locative)
धूलिषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀥𑀽𑀮𑀻 (dhūlī)

Old Marathi: धूळि (dhūḷi)

Marathi: धूळ (dhūḷ)

→ Kannada: ಧೂಳು (dhūḷu)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਧੂੜ (dhūṛ)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀥𑀽𑀮𑀻 (dhūlī)

Gujarati: ધૂળ (dhūḷ)

Hindi: धूल (dhūl), धूर (dhūr)

Romani: thuli

→ Old Khmer: ធូលី (dhūlī)

Khmer: ធូលី (thuulii)

→ Lao: ທຸລີ (thu lī)

→ Thai: ธุลี (tú-lii)

→ Malay: duli

Indonesian: duli

→ Hindi: धूलि (dhūli)

→ Bengali: ধূলি (dhuli)

→? Tamil: தூசி (tūci)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰuHliṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHliš, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂lis, from *dʰewh₂- (“smoke”). Cognate with Lithuanian dúlis (“mist”) and Latin fūlīgō.


नस्

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *nas (“us”), from Proto-Indo-European *nos (“us”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬇 (nə̄), Latin nos.

(enclitic) accusative plural of अहम् (ahám)

(enclitic) genitive plural of अहम् (ahám)


नस्

nás (romanization)
नासा (dual nominative)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *náHs, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s (“nose”). Cognate with Old Persian 𐎴𐎠𐏃𐎶 (n-a-h-m /nāham/), Latin nāsus (“nose”), Lithuanian nósis (“nose”), Prasuni nes, Tregami nās, Old English nosu (whence English nose).

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

सुपर्णस्त्वान्वविन्दत्सूकरस्त्वाखनन् नसा ।
प्राशं प्रतिप्राशो जह्यरसान् कृण्वोषधे ॥
suparṇastvānvavindatsūkarastvākhanan nasā.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 2.27.2

The strong-winged bird discovered thee, the boar unearthed thee with his snout.
Refute mine adversary's speech. Render them dull and flat, O Plant.

prāśaṃ pratiprāśo jahyarasān kṛṇvoṣadhe.

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa


नस्

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *nás-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *nás- (“to approach, join”), from Proto-Indo-European *nes- (“to return home”); compare Ancient Greek νόστος (nóstos, “journey”), whence partially English nostalgia.

cog

to approach, resort to, join, copulate (esp. as husband and wife), unite


कोक

kóka (romanization)
कोकः (nominative singular)
कोकौ (dual nominative)
कोकाः (nominative plural)
कोक (singular vocative)
कोकौ (dual vocative)
कोकाः (plural vocative)
कोकम् (accusative singular)
कोकौ (accusative dual)
कोकान् (accusative plural)
कोकेन (instrumental singular)
कोकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोकैः (instrumental plural)
कोकाय (dative singular)
कोकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोकेभ्यः (dative plural)
कोकात् (ablative singular)
कोकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोकस्य (genitive singular)
कोकयोः (dual genitive)
कोकानाम् (genitive plural)
कोके (locative singular)
कोकयोः (dual locative)
कोकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of कोक

Pali: koka

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀅 (koa)

Hindi: कोक (kok)

Odia: କୋକ (koka)

→ Tamil: கோகம் (kōkam)

→ Telugu: కోకము (kōkamu)

(Atharvaveda) a kind of parasitical animal


कृकर

kṛkara (romanization)
कृकरः (nominative singular)
कृकरौ (dual nominative)
कृकराः (nominative plural)
कृकर (singular vocative)
कृकरौ (dual vocative)
कृकराः (plural vocative)
कृकरम् (accusative singular)
कृकरौ (accusative dual)
कृकरान् (accusative plural)
कृकरेन (instrumental singular)
कृकराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृकरैः (instrumental plural)
कृकराय (dative singular)
कृकराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृकरेभ्यः (dative plural)
कृकरात् (ablative singular)
कृकराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृकरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृकरस्य (genitive singular)
कृकरयोः (dual genitive)
कृकरानाम् (genitive plural)
कृकरे (locative singular)
कृकरयोः (dual locative)
कृकरेषु (locative plural)

Masculine a-stem declension of कृकर

Early Assamese: কৈৰা (koira)

Assamese: কইৰ (koir)

→ Hindi: किरकिला (kirkilā)

Punjabi: ਕੁੱਕੜ (kukkaṛ, “rooster”)

From Proto-Indo-European *kerk- (“crow, raven”), probably an onamatopoeia. Cognate with Ancient Greek κόραξ (kórax), Old Irish cerc (“hen”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀𐬙𐬀𐬝 (kahrkatat̰, “rooster”), obsolete German Ruch, Old English hrōc (English rook).


धाना

dhānā́ (romanization)
धाना (nominative singular)
धाने (dual nominative)
धानाः (nominative plural)
धाने (singular vocative)
धाने (dual vocative)
धानाः (plural vocative)
धानाम् (accusative singular)
धाने (accusative dual)
धानाः (accusative plural)
धानया (instrumental singular)
धाना1 (instrumental singular)
धानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धानाभिः (instrumental plural)
धानायै (dative singular)
धानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
धानाभ्यः (dative plural)
धानायाः (ablative singular)
धानायै2 (ablative singular)
धानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धानाभ्यः (ablative plural)
धानायाः (genitive singular)
धानायै2 (genitive singular)
धानयोः (dual genitive)
धानानाम् (genitive plural)
धानायाम् (locative singular)
धानयोः (dual locative)
धानासु (locative plural)

Punjabi: ਧਾਣ (dhāṇ)

/ˈd̪ʱɑː.n̪ɑː/

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰoHnéh₂ (“grain”). Cognate with Lithuanian dúona, Tocharian B tāno, Persian دانه (dâne). Compare Kamkata-viri juvór dõ (“popped corn”).

स्तीर्णं ते बर्हिः सुत इन्द्र सोमः कृता धाना अत्तवे ते हरिभ्याम् ।
तदोकसे पुरुशाकाय वृष्णे मरुत्वते तुभ्यं राता हवींषि ॥
stīrṇaṃ te barhiḥ suta indra somaḥ kṛtā dhānā attave te haribhyām.

The grass is strewn for thee, pressed is the Soma; the grain is ready for thy horses to feed on.
To thee who lovest them, the very mighty, strong, girt by Maruts, are these gifts presented.

tadokase puruśākāya vṛṣṇe marutvate tubhyaṃ rātā havīṃṣi.


पृथुक

pṛ́thuka (romanization)
पृथुकः (nominative singular)
पृथुकौ (dual nominative)
पृथुका1 (dual nominative)
पृथुकाः (nominative plural)
पृथुकासः1 (nominative plural)
पृथुक (singular vocative)
पृथुकौ (dual vocative)
पृथुका1 (dual vocative)
पृथुकाः (plural vocative)
पृथुकासः1 (plural vocative)
पृथुकम् (accusative singular)
पृथुकौ (accusative dual)
पृथुका1 (accusative dual)
पृथुकान् (accusative plural)
पृथुकेन (instrumental singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पृथुकैः (instrumental plural)
पृथुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पृथुकाय (dative singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पृथुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
पृथुकात् (ablative singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पृथुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पृथुकस्य (genitive singular)
पृथुकयोः (dual genitive)
पृथुकानाम् (genitive plural)
पृथुके (locative singular)
पृथुकयोः (dual locative)
पृथुकेषु (locative plural)
पृथुकम् (nominative singular)
पृथुके (dual nominative)
पृथुकानि (nominative plural)
पृथुका1 (nominative plural)
पृथुक (singular vocative)
पृथुके (dual vocative)
पृथुकानि (plural vocative)
पृथुका1 (plural vocative)
पृथुकम् (accusative singular)
पृथुके (accusative dual)
पृथुकानि (accusative plural)
पृथुका1 (accusative plural)
पृथुकेन (instrumental singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पृथुकैः (instrumental plural)
पृथुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पृथुकाय (dative singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पृथुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
पृथुकात् (ablative singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पृथुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पृथुकस्य (genitive singular)
पृथुकयोः (dual genitive)
पृथुकानाम् (genitive plural)
पृथुके (locative singular)
पृथुकयोः (dual locative)
पृथुकेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: पोहे (pohe)

Konkani: फौ (fou)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: પૌંઆ (paũā)

Punjabi: ਪੋਹਾ (pohā)

Hindi: पोहा (pohā)

→ Assamese: পোহা (püha)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pŕ̥tʰukas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pŕ̥tʰukas, from Proto-Indo-European *pŕ̥-th₂u-ko-s, from *per- (“to give birth”). Compare Ancient Greek πόρτις (pórtis), Latin partus.


श्येन

śyená (romanization)
श्येनः (nominative singular)
श्येनौ (dual nominative)
श्येना1 (dual nominative)
श्येनाः (nominative plural)
श्येनासः1 (nominative plural)
श्येन (singular vocative)
श्येनौ (dual vocative)
श्येना1 (dual vocative)
श्येनाः (plural vocative)
श्येनासः1 (plural vocative)
श्येनम् (accusative singular)
श्येनौ (accusative dual)
श्येना1 (accusative dual)
श्येनान् (accusative plural)
श्येनेन (instrumental singular)
श्येनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्येनैः (instrumental plural)
श्येनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्येनाय (dative singular)
श्येनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्येनेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्येनात् (ablative singular)
श्येनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्येनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्येनस्य (genitive singular)
श्येनयोः (dual genitive)
श्येनानाम् (genitive plural)
श्येने (locative singular)
श्येनयोः (dual locative)
श्येनेषु (locative plural)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: শেন (xen)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑁂𑀡 (seṇa)

Pali: sena

→ Telugu: శ్యేనము (śyēnamu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaynás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱy-ey-nó-s ~ *ḱyeh₁-inó-s (“bird of prey”), probably ultimately related to *(s)ḱeh₃- (“shade, hue”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬀 (saēna, “raptor; a mythical bird”), Middle Persian syn-mwlw (/Sēn-murw/), Old Armenian ցին (cʻin, “kite”) and probably Ancient Greek ἴκτινος (íktinos, “kite”).

वृ॒ष॒ण॒श्वेन॑ मरुतो॒ वृष॑प्सुना॒ रथे॑न॒ वृष॑नाभिना।
आ श्ये॒नासो॒ न प॒क्षिणो॒ वृथा॑ नरो ह॒व्या नो॑ वी॒तये॑ गत॥
vṛṣaṇaśvéna maruto vṛ́ṣapsunā ráthena vṛ́ṣanābhinā.

Come hither, O ye Maruts, on your strong horsed car, solid in look, with solid naves.
Lightly like winged falcons, O ye Heroes, come, come to enjoy our offerings.

ā́ śyenā́so ná pakṣíṇo vṛ́thā naro havyā́ no vītáye gata.

अग्नि अग्नि#Sanskrit

(Vedic religion) The name of a divine hawk identified with अग्नि (agni) who ascends to the heavens for bringing सोम (soma) to earth

(Vedic religion) A hawk-shaped fire-altar (अग्निचयन (agnicayana)) constructed with bricks


निद्रा

nidrā́ (romanization)
निद्रा (nominative singular)
निद्रे (dual nominative)
निद्राः (nominative plural)
निद्रे (singular vocative)
निद्रे (dual vocative)
निद्राः (plural vocative)
निद्राम् (accusative singular)
निद्रे (accusative dual)
निद्राः (accusative plural)
निद्रया (instrumental singular)
निद्रा1 (instrumental singular)
निद्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
निद्राभिः (instrumental plural)
निद्रायै (dative singular)
निद्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
निद्राभ्यः (dative plural)
निद्रायाः (ablative singular)
निद्रायै2 (ablative singular)
निद्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
निद्राभ्यः (ablative plural)
निद्रायाः (genitive singular)
निद्रायै2 (genitive singular)
निद्रयोः (dual genitive)
निद्राणाम् (genitive plural)
निद्रायाम् (locative singular)
निद्रयोः (dual locative)
निद्रासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Torwali: نین (nīn)

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā) (see there for further descendants)

→ Kannada: ನಿದ್ರೆ (nidre)

→ Tamil: நித்திரை (nittirai)

→ Thai: นิทรา (nít-traa)

/ˈn̪id̪.ɾɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HnidráH (“sleep”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HnidráH (“sleep”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ni-drm̥-éh₂, from *h₁ni (“down”) + *drem- (“to sleep”). Compare Old Armenian նիրհ (nirh) (a borrowing from Iranian), Ancient Greek δαρθάνω (darthánō), Latin dormiō. See also नि (ní) and द्रायति (drā́yati).

त्राता॑रो देवा॒ अधि॑ वोचता नो॒ मा नो॑ नि॒द्रा ई॑शत॒ मोत जल्पि॑:।
व॒यं सोम॑स्य वि॒श्वह॑ प्रि॒यास॑: सु॒वीरा॑सो वि॒दथ॒मा व॑देम॥
trā́tāro devā ádhi vocatā no mā́ no nidrā́ īśata mótá jálpi:.

Give us your blessing, O ye Gods’ preservers. Never may sleep or idle talk control us.
But evermore may we, as friends of Soma, speak to the synod with brave sons around us.

vayáṃ sómasya viśváha priyā́sa: suvī́rāso vidáthamā́ vadema.


निद्रा

head

निद्रा • (nidrā)

sa-root

निद्रा • (nidrā)

/ˈn̪id̪.ɾɑː/


कुब्ज

kubjá (romanization)
कुब्जः (nominative singular)
कुब्जौ (dual nominative)
कुब्जा1 (dual nominative)
कुब्जाः (nominative plural)
कुब्जासः1 (nominative plural)
कुब्ज (singular vocative)
कुब्जौ (dual vocative)
कुब्जा1 (dual vocative)
कुब्जाः (plural vocative)
कुब्जासः1 (plural vocative)
कुब्जम् (accusative singular)
कुब्जौ (accusative dual)
कुब्जा1 (accusative dual)
कुब्जान् (accusative plural)
कुब्जेन (instrumental singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुब्जैः (instrumental plural)
कुब्जेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुब्जाय (dative singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुब्जेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुब्जात् (ablative singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुब्जेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुब्जस्य (genitive singular)
कुब्जयोः (dual genitive)
कुब्जानाम् (genitive plural)
कुब्जे (locative singular)
कुब्जयोः (dual locative)
कुब्जेषु (locative plural)
कुब्जा (nominative singular)
कुब्जे (dual nominative)
कुब्जाः (nominative plural)
कुब्जे (singular vocative)
कुब्जे (dual vocative)
कुब्जाः (plural vocative)
कुब्जाम् (accusative singular)
कुब्जे (accusative dual)
कुब्जाः (accusative plural)
कुब्जया (instrumental singular)
कुब्जा1 (instrumental singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुब्जाभिः (instrumental plural)
कुब्जायै (dative singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुब्जाभ्यः (dative plural)
कुब्जायाः (ablative singular)
कुब्जायै2 (ablative singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुब्जाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुब्जायाः (genitive singular)
कुब्जायै2 (genitive singular)
कुब्जयोः (dual genitive)
कुब्जानाम् (genitive plural)
कुब्जायाम् (locative singular)
कुब्जयोः (dual locative)
कुब्जासु (locative plural)
कुब्जम् (nominative singular)
कुब्जे (dual nominative)
कुब्जानि (nominative plural)
कुब्जा1 (nominative plural)
कुब्ज (singular vocative)
कुब्जे (dual vocative)
कुब्जानि (plural vocative)
कुब्जा1 (plural vocative)
कुब्जम् (accusative singular)
कुब्जे (accusative dual)
कुब्जानि (accusative plural)
कुब्जा1 (accusative plural)
कुब्जेन (instrumental singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुब्जैः (instrumental plural)
कुब्जेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुब्जाय (dative singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुब्जेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुब्जात् (ablative singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुब्जेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुब्जस्य (genitive singular)
कुब्जयोः (dual genitive)
कुब्जानाम् (genitive plural)
कुब्जे (locative singular)
कुब्जयोः (dual locative)
कुब्जेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kubȷ́ás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kubȷ́ás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewb-. Compare Persian غوز (ğuz), Latin gibbus, Old English hype.


कुब्ज

kubjá (romanization)
कुब्जः (nominative singular)
कुब्जौ (dual nominative)
कुब्जा1 (dual nominative)
कुब्जाः (nominative plural)
कुब्जासः1 (nominative plural)
कुब्ज (singular vocative)
कुब्जौ (dual vocative)
कुब्जा1 (dual vocative)
कुब्जाः (plural vocative)
कुब्जासः1 (plural vocative)
कुब्जम् (accusative singular)
कुब्जौ (accusative dual)
कुब्जा1 (accusative dual)
कुब्जान् (accusative plural)
कुब्जेन (instrumental singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुब्जैः (instrumental plural)
कुब्जेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुब्जाय (dative singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुब्जेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुब्जात् (ablative singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुब्जेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुब्जस्य (genitive singular)
कुब्जयोः (dual genitive)
कुब्जानाम् (genitive plural)
कुब्जे (locative singular)
कुब्जयोः (dual locative)
कुब्जेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚 (kujja)

Assamese: কুঁজ (kũz)

Bengali: কুঁজ (kũj), কুঁজা (kũja)

desc

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚 (kujja), 𑀓𑁄𑀚𑁆𑀚 (kojja), 𑀔𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚 (khujja)

⇒ Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀔𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚-𑀟-𑀅 (*khujja-ḍa-a)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: खुजट (khujaṭa)

Modi script: 𑘏𑘳𑘕𑘘 (khujaṭa)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਕੁੱਬਾ (kubbā)

Pali: kujja, khujja

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: कुब्ज (kubj)

Urdu: کُبْج (kubj)

→ Old Gujarati: कुबज (kubaja)

→ Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: कुबुज (kubuja)

Modi script: 𑘎𑘳𑘤𑘳𑘕 (kubuja)

→ Telugu: కుబ్జము (kubjamu), కుబ్జుడు (kubjuḍu)

खुजे

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀅 (kujjaa), 𑀔𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀅 (khujjaa)

prickly chaff flower
prickly chaff flower

Achyranthes aspera
Achyranthes aspera#Translingual

a prickly chaff flower (Achyranthes aspera)


पुत्रकाम

putrákāma (romanization)
पुत्रकामः (nominative singular)
पुत्रकामौ (dual nominative)
पुत्रकामाः (nominative plural)
पुत्रकाम (singular vocative)
पुत्रकामौ (dual vocative)
पुत्रकामाः (plural vocative)
पुत्रकामम् (accusative singular)
पुत्रकामौ (accusative dual)
पुत्रकामान् (accusative plural)
पुत्रकामेन (instrumental singular)
पुत्रकामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुत्रकामैः (instrumental plural)
पुत्रकामाय (dative singular)
पुत्रकामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुत्रकामेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुत्रकामात् (ablative singular)
पुत्रकामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुत्रकामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुत्रकामस्य (genitive singular)
पुत्रकामयोः (dual genitive)
पुत्रकामानाम् (genitive plural)
पुत्रकामे (locative singular)
पुत्रकामयोः (dual locative)
पुत्रकामेषु (locative plural)
पुत्रकामा (nominative singular)
पुत्रकामे (dual nominative)
पुत्रकामाः (nominative plural)
पुत्रकामे (singular vocative)
पुत्रकामे (dual vocative)
पुत्रकामाः (plural vocative)
पुत्रकामाम् (accusative singular)
पुत्रकामे (accusative dual)
पुत्रकामाः (accusative plural)
पुत्रकामया (instrumental singular)
पुत्रकामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुत्रकामाभिः (instrumental plural)
पुत्रकामायै (dative singular)
पुत्रकामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुत्रकामाभ्यः (dative plural)
पुत्रकामायाः (ablative singular)
पुत्रकामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुत्रकामाभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुत्रकामायाः (genitive singular)
पुत्रकामयोः (dual genitive)
पुत्रकामानाम् (genitive plural)
पुत्रकामायाम् (locative singular)
पुत्रकामयोः (dual locative)
पुत्रकामासु (locative plural)
पुत्रकामम् (nominative singular)
पुत्रकामे (dual nominative)
पुत्रकामानि (nominative plural)
पुत्रकाम (singular vocative)
पुत्रकामे (dual vocative)
पुत्रकामानि (plural vocative)
पुत्रकामम् (accusative singular)
पुत्रकामे (accusative dual)
पुत्रकामानि (accusative plural)
पुत्रकामेन (instrumental singular)
पुत्रकामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुत्रकामैः (instrumental plural)
पुत्रकामाय (dative singular)
पुत्रकामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुत्रकामेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुत्रकामात् (ablative singular)
पुत्रकामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुत्रकामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुत्रकामस्य (genitive singular)
पुत्रकामयोः (dual genitive)
पुत्रकामानाम् (genitive plural)
पुत्रकामे (locative singular)
पुत्रकामयोः (dual locative)
पुत्रकामेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of पुत्रकाम

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामेभ्यः

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामेभ्यः

पुत्रकामानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामेभ्यः

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामेभ्यः

पुत्रकामानाम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of पुत्रकाम

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामाभिः

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामाभ्यः

पुत्रकामायाः

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामाभ्यः

पुत्रकामायाः

पुत्रकामानाम्

पुत्रकामायाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

पुत्रकामायाः

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामाभिः

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामाभ्यः

पुत्रकामायाः

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामाभ्यः

पुत्रकामायाः

पुत्रकामानाम्

पुत्रकामायाम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">पुत्रकाम</i>

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामेभ्यः

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामेभ्यः

पुत्रकामानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामेभ्यः

पुत्रकामाभ्याम्

पुत्रकामेभ्यः

पुत्रकामानाम्

पुत्र (putra, “son”) + काम (kāma, “desire”).

compound

अपश्यं तवा मनसा दीध्यानां स्वयां तनू रत्व्येनाधमानाम।
उप मामुच्चा युवतिर्बभूयाः पर जायस्वप्रजया पुत्रकामे॥
apaśyaṃ tavā manasā dīdhyānāṃ svayāṃ tanū ratvyenādhamānāma.

I saw thee pondering in thine heart, and praying that in due time thy body might be fruitful.
Come as a youthful woman, rise to meet me: spread in thine offspring, thou who cravest children.

upa māmuccā yuvatirbabhūyāḥ para jāyasvaprajayā putrakāme.


ऋज्र

ṛjrá (romanization)
ऋज्रः (nominative singular)
ऋज्रौ (dual nominative)
ऋज्राः (nominative plural)
ऋज्र (singular vocative)
ऋज्रौ (dual vocative)
ऋज्राः (plural vocative)
ऋज्रम् (accusative singular)
ऋज्रौ (accusative dual)
ऋज्रान् (accusative plural)
ऋज्रेण (instrumental singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋज्रैः (instrumental plural)
ऋज्राय (dative singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋज्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋज्रात् (ablative singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋज्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋज्रस्य (genitive singular)
ऋज्रयोः (dual genitive)
ऋज्राणाम् (genitive plural)
ऋज्रे (locative singular)
ऋज्रयोः (dual locative)
ऋज्रेषु (locative plural)
ऋज्रा (nominative singular)
ऋज्रे (dual nominative)
ऋज्राः (nominative plural)
ऋज्रे (singular vocative)
ऋज्रे (dual vocative)
ऋज्राः (plural vocative)
ऋज्राम् (accusative singular)
ऋज्रे (accusative dual)
ऋज्राः (accusative plural)
ऋज्रया (instrumental singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋज्राभिः (instrumental plural)
ऋज्रायै (dative singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋज्राभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋज्रायाः (ablative singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋज्राभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋज्रायाः (genitive singular)
ऋज्रयोः (dual genitive)
ऋज्राणाम् (genitive plural)
ऋज्रायाम् (locative singular)
ऋज्रयोः (dual locative)
ऋज्रासु (locative plural)
ऋज्रम् (nominative singular)
ऋज्रे (dual nominative)
ऋज्राणि (nominative plural)
ऋज्र (singular vocative)
ऋज्रे (dual vocative)
ऋज्राणि (plural vocative)
ऋज्रम् (accusative singular)
ऋज्रे (accusative dual)
ऋज्राणि (accusative plural)
ऋज्रेण (instrumental singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋज्रैः (instrumental plural)
ऋज्राय (dative singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋज्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋज्रात् (ablative singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋज्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋज्रस्य (genitive singular)
ऋज्रयोः (dual genitive)
ऋज्राणाम् (genitive plural)
ऋज्रे (locative singular)
ऋज्रयोः (dual locative)
ऋज्रेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of ऋज्र

Feminine ā-stem declension of ऋज्र

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">ऋज्र</i>

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hr̥ȷ́rás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥ȷ́rás, from Proto-Indo-European h₂r̥ǵ-ró-s (“white, shining”), from *h₂erǵ- (“white, glittering”) (whence अर्जुन (árjuna), रजत (rajatá)). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀργός (argós).


ऋज्र

ṛjrá (romanization)
ऋज्रः (nominative singular)
ऋज्रौ (dual nominative)
ऋज्रा1 (dual nominative)
ऋज्राः (nominative plural)
ऋज्रासः1 (nominative plural)
ऋज्र (singular vocative)
ऋज्रौ (dual vocative)
ऋज्रा1 (dual vocative)
ऋज्राः (plural vocative)
ऋज्रासः1 (plural vocative)
ऋज्रम् (accusative singular)
ऋज्रौ (accusative dual)
ऋज्रा1 (accusative dual)
ऋज्रान् (accusative plural)
ऋज्रेण (instrumental singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋज्रैः (instrumental plural)
ऋज्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ऋज्राय (dative singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋज्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋज्रात् (ablative singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋज्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋज्रस्य (genitive singular)
ऋज्रयोः (dual genitive)
ऋज्राणाम् (genitive plural)
ऋज्रे (locative singular)
ऋज्रयोः (dual locative)
ऋज्रेषु (locative plural)


भुजङ्ग

bhujaṅga (romanization)
भुजङ्गः (nominative singular)
भुजङ्गौ (dual nominative)
भुजङ्गाः (nominative plural)
भुजङ्ग (singular vocative)
भुजङ्गौ (dual vocative)
भुजङ्गाः (plural vocative)
भुजङ्गम् (accusative singular)
भुजङ्गौ (accusative dual)
भुजङ्गान् (accusative plural)
भुजङ्गेन (instrumental singular)
भुजङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भुजङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
भुजङ्गाय (dative singular)
भुजङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भुजङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
भुजङ्गात् (ablative singular)
भुजङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भुजङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भुजङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
भुजङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
भुजङ्गानाम् (genitive plural)
भुजङ्गे (locative singular)
भुजङ्गयोः (dual locative)
भुजङ्गेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of भुजङ्ग

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

Pali: bhujaṅga

→ Old Khmer: būjuṅa

Khmer: ភុជង្គ (phucngkɔɔ)

→ Thai: ภุชงค์ (pú-chong)

→ Hindi: भुजंग (bhujaṅg)

→ Tamil: புஜங்கம் (pujaṅkam)

/bʱu.d͡ʑɐŋ.ɡɐ/

/bʱuˈd͡ʑɐŋ.ɡɐ/

From the root भुज् (bhuj, “to bend”), similar to पतङ्ग (pataṅgá) from पत् (pat). Sometimes interpreted as भुज् (bhuj) + अङ्ग (aṅga, “body”).


स्मत्

head

स्मत् • (smát)

Likely from Proto-Indo-European *me. Compare Ancient Greek μετά (metá). Possibly related to सुमत् (sumat).


सचा

सचा • (sácā)

/ˈs̪ɐ.t͡ɕɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáčaH, from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ-o-. Compare Latin secus.


शफ

śaphá (romanization)
शफः (nominative singular)
शफौ (dual nominative)
शफा1 (dual nominative)
शफाः (nominative plural)
शफासः1 (nominative plural)
शफ (singular vocative)
शफौ (dual vocative)
शफा1 (dual vocative)
शफाः (plural vocative)
शफासः1 (plural vocative)
शफम् (accusative singular)
शफौ (accusative dual)
शफा1 (accusative dual)
शफान् (accusative plural)
शफेन (instrumental singular)
शफाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शफैः (instrumental plural)
शफेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शफाय (dative singular)
शफाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शफेभ्यः (dative plural)
शफात् (ablative singular)
शफाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शफेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शफस्य (genitive singular)
शफयोः (dual genitive)
शफानाम् (genitive plural)
शफे (locative singular)
शफयोः (dual locative)
शफेषु (locative plural)

Pali: sapha

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćapʰás (“hoof”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱoph₂ós (“hoof”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬟𐬀 (safa, “hoof”), Old English hōf (whence English hoof).

यस्य व्रते पृथिवी नन्नमीति यस्य व्रते शफवज्जर्भुरीति।
यस्य व्रत ओषधीर्विश्वरूपाः स नः पर्जन्य महि शर्म यच्छ॥
yasya vrate pṛthivī nannamīti yasya vrate śaphavajjarbhurīti.

Thou at whose bidding earth bows low before thee, at whose command hoofed cattle quiver in terror
At whose behest the plants assume all colours, even thou Parjanya, yield us great protection.

yasya vrata oṣadhīrviśvarūpāḥ sa naḥ parjanya mahi śarma yaccha.


हृद्रोग

→ Bengali: হৃদ্রোগ (hridrōg)

→ Kannada: ಹೃದ್ರೋಗ (hṛdrōga)

→ Telugu: హృద్రోగము (hr̥drōgamu)

→ Malayalam: ഹൃദ്രോഗം (hr̥drōgaṁ)

/ɦr̩d.ɾɐw.ɡɐ́/

/ɦr̩d̪ˈɾoː.ɡɐ/

From हृद् (hṛd, “heart”) + रोग (roga, “disease, pain”).

compound

हृद्रोगं मम सूर्य हरिमाणं च नाशय ॥
hṛdrogaṃ mama sūrya harimāṇaṃ ca nāśaya.
O Sūrya remove my heart's disease, take from me this my yellow hue [jaundice].

heart disease; any disease affecting the heart


तरुण

táruṇa (romanization)
तरुणः (nominative singular)
तरुणौ (dual nominative)
तरुणा1 (dual nominative)
तरुणाः (nominative plural)
तरुणासः1 (nominative plural)
तरुण (singular vocative)
तरुणौ (dual vocative)
तरुणा1 (dual vocative)
तरुणाः (plural vocative)
तरुणासः1 (plural vocative)
तरुणम् (accusative singular)
तरुणौ (accusative dual)
तरुणा1 (accusative dual)
तरुणान् (accusative plural)
तरुणेन (instrumental singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तरुणैः (instrumental plural)
तरुणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तरुणाय (dative singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तरुणेभ्यः (dative plural)
तरुणात् (ablative singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तरुणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तरुणस्य (genitive singular)
तरुणयोः (dual genitive)
तरुणानाम् (genitive plural)
तरुणे (locative singular)
तरुणयोः (dual locative)
तरुणेषु (locative plural)
तरुणी (nominative singular)
तरुण्यौ (dual nominative)
तरुणी1 (dual nominative)
तरुण्यः (nominative plural)
तरुणीः1 (nominative plural)
तरुणि (singular vocative)
तरुण्यौ (dual vocative)
तरुणी1 (dual vocative)
तरुण्यः (plural vocative)
तरुणीः1 (plural vocative)
तरुणीम् (accusative singular)
तरुण्यौ (accusative dual)
तरुणी1 (accusative dual)
तरुणीः (accusative plural)
तरुण्या (instrumental singular)
तरुणीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तरुणीभिः (instrumental plural)
तरुण्यै (dative singular)
तरुणीभ्याम् (dative dual)
तरुणीभ्यः (dative plural)
तरुण्याः (ablative singular)
तरुण्यै2 (ablative singular)
तरुणीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तरुणीभ्यः (ablative plural)
तरुण्याः (genitive singular)
तरुण्यै2 (genitive singular)
तरुण्योः (dual genitive)
तरुणीनाम् (genitive plural)
तरुण्याम् (locative singular)
तरुण्योः (dual locative)
तरुणीषु (locative plural)
तरुणम् (nominative singular)
तरुणे (dual nominative)
तरुणानि (nominative plural)
तरुणा1 (nominative plural)
तरुण (singular vocative)
तरुणे (dual vocative)
तरुणानि (plural vocative)
तरुणा1 (plural vocative)
तरुणम् (accusative singular)
तरुणे (accusative dual)
तरुणानि (accusative plural)
तरुणा1 (accusative plural)
तरुणेन (instrumental singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तरुणैः (instrumental plural)
तरुणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तरुणाय (dative singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तरुणेभ्यः (dative plural)
तरुणात् (ablative singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तरुणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तरुणस्य (genitive singular)
तरुणयोः (dual genitive)
तरुणानाम् (genitive plural)
तरुणे (locative singular)
तरुणयोः (dual locative)
तरुणेषु (locative plural)

desc

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀢𑀭𑀼𑀡 (taruṇa), 𑀢𑀮𑀼𑀡 (taluṇa)

Pali: taruṇa, taluṇa

Punjabi: ਤਰਨ (taran)

Romani: terno

Bengali: তরুণ (torun)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: taruṇa
Javanese: ꦠꦫꦸꦤ (taruna), ꦠꦿꦸꦤ (truna)
Balinese: ᬢᬭᬸᬡ (taruna), ᬢ᭄ᬭᬸᬡ (truna)

/ˈt̪ɐ.ɾu.ɳɐ/

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tárunas (“young”), from Proto-Indo-European *térunos (“tender, soft”), from *ter- (“young, tender”). Cognate with Ancient Greek τέρην (térēn), Albanian trim (“man, hero”), Avestan 𐬙𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬥𐬀 (taᵘruna, “young”).

inh

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


तरुण

taruṇa (romanization)
तरुणः (nominative singular)
तरुणौ (dual nominative)
तरुणा1 (dual nominative)
तरुणाः (nominative plural)
तरुणासः1 (nominative plural)
तरुण (singular vocative)
तरुणौ (dual vocative)
तरुणा1 (dual vocative)
तरुणाः (plural vocative)
तरुणासः1 (plural vocative)
तरुणम् (accusative singular)
तरुणौ (accusative dual)
तरुणा1 (accusative dual)
तरुणान् (accusative plural)
तरुणेन (instrumental singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तरुणैः (instrumental plural)
तरुणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तरुणाय (dative singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तरुणेभ्यः (dative plural)
तरुणात् (ablative singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तरुणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तरुणस्य (genitive singular)
तरुणयोः (dual genitive)
तरुणानाम् (genitive plural)
तरुणे (locative singular)
तरुणयोः (dual locative)
तरुणेषु (locative plural)

/ˈt̪ɐ.ɾu.ɳɐ/


ऋषभ

ṛṣabhá (romanization)
ऋषभः (nominative singular)
ऋषभौ (dual nominative)
ऋषभा1 (dual nominative)
ऋषभाः (nominative plural)
ऋषभासः1 (nominative plural)
ऋषभ (singular vocative)
ऋषभौ (dual vocative)
ऋषभा1 (dual vocative)
ऋषभाः (plural vocative)
ऋषभासः1 (plural vocative)
ऋषभम् (accusative singular)
ऋषभौ (accusative dual)
ऋषभा1 (accusative dual)
ऋषभान् (accusative plural)
ऋषभेण (instrumental singular)
ऋषभाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋषभैः (instrumental plural)
ऋषभेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ऋषभाय (dative singular)
ऋषभाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋषभेभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋषभात् (ablative singular)
ऋषभाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋषभेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋषभस्य (genitive singular)
ऋषभयोः (dual genitive)
ऋषभाणाम् (genitive plural)
ऋषभे (locative singular)
ऋषभयोः (dual locative)
ऋषभेषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨀𐨂𐨮𐨬𐨿𐨱 (uṣavha)

Khowar: ریݰو (reṣú)

Pali: usabha

→ Khmer: ឧសភ (ʼŏsâph)

→ Kannada: ಋಷಭ (ṛṣabha)

desc

→ Malayalam: ഋഷഭം (r̥ṣabhaṁ), ഇടവം (iṭavaṁ)

→ Tamil: ரிஷபம் (riṣapam), இடபம் (iṭapam)

→ Telugu: ఋషభము (r̥ṣabhamu)

/r̩.ʂɐ.bʱɐ́/

/ˈr̩.ʂɐ.bʱɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)r̥šabʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥sn̥-bʰó-s, from *wérsēn (“male animal; manly man”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (ar^əšan), Ancient Greek ἄρσην (ársēn), Old Armenian առն (aṙn), Latin verrēs (“boar”). Also related to वृषभ (vṛṣabhá), वृषन् (vṛṣan).

ऋ॒ष॒भं मा॑ समा॒नानां॑ स॒पत्ना॑नां विषास॒हिम्।
ह॒न्तारं॒ शत्रू॑णां कृधि वि॒राजं॒ गोप॑तिं॒ गवा॑म्॥
ṛṣabháṃ mā samānā́nāṃ sapátnānāṃ viṣāsahím.

Make me a bull among my peers, make me conquer my rivals, make me the slayer of my foes, a sovereign ruler lord of the cattle.

hantā́raṃ śátrūṇāṃ kṛdhi virā́jaṃ gópatiṃ gávām.

the best, excellent and the most powerful of any kind or race


ऋघायति

sa-verb

ऋघायति • (ṛghāyáti) third-singular indicative (type UP, denominative, root ऋघाय)

ṛghāyáti (romanization)
denominative (type-up)
ऋघाय (root)
ऋघायति (present)
ऋघायते (present)
ऋघायति (active indicative singular third-person)
ऋघायतः (active dual indicative third-person)
ऋघायन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
ऋघायते (indicative singular third-person)
ऋघायेते (dual indicative third-person)
ऋघायन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
ऋघायसि (active indicative second-person singular)
ऋघायथः (active dual indicative second-person)
ऋघायथ (active indicative plural second-person)
ऋघायसे (indicative second-person singular)
ऋघायेथे (dual indicative second-person)
ऋघायध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
ऋघायामि (active first-person indicative singular)
ऋघायावः (active dual first-person indicative)
ऋघायामः (active first-person indicative plural)
ऋघायामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
ऋघाये (first-person indicative singular)
ऋघायावहे (dual first-person indicative)
ऋघायामहे (first-person indicative plural)
ऋघायतु (active imperative singular third-person)
ऋघायताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
ऋघायन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
ऋघायताम् (imperative singular third-person)
ऋघायेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
ऋघायन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
ऋघाय (active imperative second-person singular)
ऋघायतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
ऋघायत (active imperative plural second-person)
ऋघायस्व (imperative second-person singular)
ऋघायेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
ऋघायध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
ऋघायाणि (active first-person imperative singular)
ऋघायाव (active dual first-person imperative)
ऋघायाम (active first-person imperative plural)
ऋघायै (first-person imperative singular)
ऋघायावहै (dual first-person imperative)
ऋघायामहै (first-person imperative plural)
ऋघायेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
ऋघायेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
ऋघायेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
ऋघायेत (imperative singular third-person)
ऋघायेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
ऋघायेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
ऋघायेः (active imperative second-person singular)
ऋघायेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
ऋघायेत (active imperative plural second-person)
ऋघायेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
ऋघायेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
ऋघायेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
ऋघायेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
ऋघायेव (active dual first-person imperative)
ऋघायेम (active first-person imperative plural)
ऋघायेय (first-person imperative singular)
ऋघायेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
ऋघायेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
ऋघायात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ऋघायाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ऋघायातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
ऋघायान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ऋघायाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
ऋघायातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
ऋघायैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
ऋघायन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
ऋघायान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
ऋघायाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ऋघायासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ऋघायाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ऋघायाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ऋघायासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
ऋघायासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
ऋघायैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
ऋघायाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
ऋघायाणि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ऋघायाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ऋघायाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ऋघायै (first-person singular subjunctive)
ऋघायावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
ऋघायामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
ऋघायत् (active participle)
ऋघायमाण (participle)
आर्घायत् (imperfect)
आर्घायत (imperfect)
आर्घायत् (active indicative singular third-person)
आर्घायताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
आर्घायन् (active indicative plural third-person)
आर्घायत (indicative singular third-person)
आर्घायेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
आर्घायन्त (indicative plural third-person)
आर्घायः (active indicative second-person singular)
आर्घायतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
आर्घायत (active indicative plural second-person)
आर्घायथाः (indicative second-person singular)
आर्घायेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
आर्घायध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
आर्घायम् (active first-person indicative singular)
आर्घायाव (active dual first-person indicative)
आर्घायाम (active first-person indicative plural)
आर्घाये (first-person indicative singular)
आर्घायावहि (dual first-person indicative)
आर्घायामहि (first-person indicative plural)

/r̩ˈɡʱɑː.jɐ.t̪i/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hr̥gʰaHyáti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥gʰaHyáti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁r̥gʰ-eh₂-yé-ti, from *h₁ergʰ- (“to move”) + *-eh₂yéti. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔρχομαι (érkhomai), ὀρχέομαι (orkhéomai).


मक्षू

head

मक्षू • (makṣū́)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *maṭṣúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *maćšúš, from Proto-Indo-European *moḱs (“quickly, early”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬊𐬱𐬎 (mošu), Latin mox (“soon”), Irish moch (“early”).

inh

मक्षू कन्याः सख्यं नवग्वा ऋतम् वदन्त ऋतयुक्तिमग्मन्।
द्विबर्हसो य उप गोपमागुरदक्षिणासो अच्युतादुदुक्षन्॥
makṣū kanyāḥ sakhyaṃ navagvā ṛtam vadanta ṛtayuktimagman.

Uttering praise to suit the rite, Navagvas came speedily to win the damsel's friendship.
They who approached the twice-strong stable's keeper, meedless would milk the rocks that naught had shaken.

dvibarhaso ya upa gopamāguradakṣiṇāso acyutādudukṣan.


मक्षू

sa-adj

मक्षू • (makṣū́) stem


पाषी

pāṣī (romanization)
पाषी (nominative singular)
पाष्यौ (dual nominative)
पाषी1 (dual nominative)
पाष्यः (nominative plural)
पाषीः1 (nominative plural)
पाषि (singular vocative)
पाष्यौ (dual vocative)
पाषी1 (dual vocative)
पाष्यः (plural vocative)
पाषीः1 (plural vocative)
पाषीम् (accusative singular)
पाष्यौ (accusative dual)
पाषी1 (accusative dual)
पाषीः (accusative plural)
पाष्या (instrumental singular)
पाषीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पाषीभिः (instrumental plural)
पाष्यै (dative singular)
पाषीभ्याम् (dative dual)
पाषीभ्यः (dative plural)
पाष्याः (ablative singular)
पाष्यै2 (ablative singular)
पाषीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पाषीभ्यः (ablative plural)
पाष्याः (genitive singular)
पाष्यै2 (genitive singular)
पाष्योः (dual genitive)
पाषीणाम् (genitive plural)
पाष्याम् (locative singular)
पाष्योः (dual locative)
पाषीषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *paršíH, from Proto-Indo-European *pels-íh₂. Cognate with Pashto پرښه (parša), Ancient Greek πέλλα (pélla, “stone”). See also पाषाण (pāṣāṇa). Compare Ashkun paṣú (“mountainslope, side”), Kamkata-viri paṣǘ, paṣí (“mountainslope, side”), Prasuni Uṣǘt (“Pashki, literally "place of the rock"”).

cog

RV 1.56.6
त्वं दिवो धरुणं धिष ओजसा पृथिव्या इन्द्र सदनेषु माहिनः ।
त्वं सुतस्य मदे अरिणा अपो वि वृत्रस्य समया पाष्यारुजः ॥
tvaṃ divo dharuṇaṃ dhiṣa ojasā pṛthivyā indra sadaneṣu māhinaḥ.
tvaṃ sutasya made ariṇā apo vi vṛtrasya samayā pāṣyārujaḥ.
Thou with thy might didst grasp, the holder-up of heaven, thou who art mighty also in the seats of earth.
Thou, gladdened by the juice, hast set the waters free, and broken Vrtra's stony fences through and through.


अद्ग

ádga (romanization)
अद्गः (nominative singular)
अद्गौ (dual nominative)
अद्गा1 (dual nominative)
अद्गाः (nominative plural)
अद्गासः1 (nominative plural)
अद्ग (singular vocative)
अद्गौ (dual vocative)
अद्गा1 (dual vocative)
अद्गाः (plural vocative)
अद्गासः1 (plural vocative)
अद्गम् (accusative singular)
अद्गौ (accusative dual)
अद्गा1 (accusative dual)
अद्गान् (accusative plural)
अद्गेन (instrumental singular)
अद्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अद्गैः (instrumental plural)
अद्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अद्गाय (dative singular)
अद्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अद्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
अद्गात् (ablative singular)
अद्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अद्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अद्गस्य (genitive singular)
अद्गयोः (dual genitive)
अद्गानाम् (genitive plural)
अद्गे (locative singular)
अद्गयोः (dual locative)
अद्गेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hádᶻgas, from Proto-Indo-European *Hodsgʷós (“knot”).


वार्

vā́r (romanization)
वाः (nominative singular)
वारी (dual nominative)
वारि (nominative plural)
वाः (singular vocative)
वारी (dual vocative)
वारि (plural vocative)
वाः (accusative singular)
वारी (accusative dual)
वारि (accusative plural)
वारा (instrumental singular)
वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाभिः (instrumental plural)
वारे (dative singular)
वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाभ्यः (dative plural)
वारः (ablative singular)
वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाभ्यः (ablative plural)
वारः (genitive singular)
वारोः (dual genitive)
वाराम् (genitive plural)
वारि (locative singular)
वारोः (dual locative)
वार्षु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáHr̥, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁r- ~ *h₂wer-. Compare Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬭 (vār), Persian باران (bârân, “rain”), Latin ūrīna, ūrīnārī, Ancient Greek οὖρον (oûron), Old English ūrig (“moist”), Old Prussian wurs (“pool”), perhaps Old Armenian գայռ (gayṙ, “mud”) and Proto-Slavic *varъ.

अश्वो॒ वोळ्हा॑ सु॒खं रथं॑ हस॒नामु॑पम॒न्त्रिण॑:।
शेपो॒ रोम॑ण्वन्तौ भे॒दौ वारिन्म॒ण्डूक॑ इच्छ॒तीन्द्रा॑येन्दो॒ परि॑ स्रव॥
áśvo vóḷhā sukháṃ ráthaṃ hasanā́mupamantríṇa:.

The draught horse (desire) a cart easy (to draw); those who invite guests (desire) merriment; the frog desires water; flow, Indu, for Indra.

śépo rómaṇvantau bhedaú vā́rínmaṇḍū́ka icchatī́ndrāyendo pári srava.


वापी

vāpī (romanization)
वापी (nominative singular)
वाप्यौ (dual nominative)
वापी1 (dual nominative)
वाप्यः (nominative plural)
वापीः1 (nominative plural)
वापि (singular vocative)
वाप्यौ (dual vocative)
वापी1 (dual vocative)
वाप्यः (plural vocative)
वापीः1 (plural vocative)
वापीम् (accusative singular)
वाप्यौ (accusative dual)
वापी1 (accusative dual)
वापीः (accusative plural)
वाप्या (instrumental singular)
वापीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वापीभिः (instrumental plural)
वाप्यै (dative singular)
वापीभ्याम् (dative dual)
वापीभ्यः (dative plural)
वाप्याः (ablative singular)
वाप्यै2 (ablative singular)
वापीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वापीभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाप्याः (genitive singular)
वाप्यै2 (genitive singular)
वाप्योः (dual genitive)
वापीनाम् (genitive plural)
वाप्याम् (locative singular)
वाप्योः (dual locative)
वापीषु (locative plural)

Pali: vāpi

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀯𑀻 (vāvī)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: bāwī, bāī̃

desc

Hindi: बावी, बाईं

Hindi: बावी, बाईं

Urdu: بَاوِی (bāvī), بَاءِیں (bā'ī̃)

Urdu: بَاوِی (bāvī), بَاءِیں (bā'ī̃)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: vā̃, bā̃

Gurmukhi script: ਵਾਂ, ਬਾਂ

Shahmukhi script: وَاں, بَاں

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: vāī

Arabic script: وَاءِي

Devanagari script: वाई

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ވެއު (veu)

Old Sinhalese: වපි (wapi)

Sinhalese: වැව (wæwa)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: bāiya

Devanagari script: बांय

Latin script: baim

Kannada script: ಬಾಂಯ್

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: વાવ (vāv)

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀯~𑀟𑀻

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: bāuṛī

Hindi: बाउड़ी

Hindi: बाउड़ी

Urdu: بَاءُڑِی (bā'uṛī)

Urdu: بَاءُڑِی (bā'uṛī)

→ Marathi: बावडी (bāvḍī)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: વાવડી (vāvḍī)

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀯~𑀮𑀻

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Old Awadhi: बावरी (bāvarī)

Hindustani: bāulī, bāurī

Hindi: बाउली, बाउरी

Hindi: बाउली, बाउरी

Urdu: بَاءُلِی (bā'ulī), بَاءُرِی (bā'urī)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bihari: बाव्ली (bāwlī)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: बावली (bāwalī)

→ Kannada: ಬಾವಿ (bāvi)

Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *weHp-. Compare Lithuanian upė.


ऋश्य

ṛ́śya (romanization)
ऋश्यः (nominative singular)
ऋश्यौ (dual nominative)
ऋश्या1 (dual nominative)
ऋश्याः (nominative plural)
ऋश्यासः1 (nominative plural)
ऋश्य (singular vocative)
ऋश्यौ (dual vocative)
ऋश्या1 (dual vocative)
ऋश्याः (plural vocative)
ऋश्यासः1 (plural vocative)
ऋश्यम् (accusative singular)
ऋश्यौ (accusative dual)
ऋश्या1 (accusative dual)
ऋश्यान् (accusative plural)
ऋश्येन (instrumental singular)
ऋश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋश्यैः (instrumental plural)
ऋश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ऋश्याय (dative singular)
ऋश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋश्यात् (ablative singular)
ऋश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋश्यस्य (genitive singular)
ऋश्ययोः (dual genitive)
ऋश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
ऋश्ये (locative singular)
ऋश्ययोः (dual locative)
ऋश्येषु (locative plural)

⇒ Pali: issamiga

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ĺ̥-ḱ-yos (“horned wild animal”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔλαφος (élaphos, “red deer”), Russian лось (losʹ, “elk”), English elk. Also compare ऋश (ṛśa).

cog

ऋश्यो॒ न तृष्य॑न्नव॒पान॒मा ग॑हि॒ पिबा॒ सोमं॒ वशाँ॒ अनु॑।
नि॒मेघ॑मानो मघवन्दि॒वेदि॑व॒ ओजि॑ष्ठं दधिषे॒ सहः॑॥
ṛ́śyo ná tṛ́ṣyannavapā́namā́ gahi píbā sómaṃ váśām̐ ánu.

Come like a thirsty antelope to the drinking-place: drink Soma to thy heart's desire.
Raining it down, O Maghavan, day after day, thou gainest thy surpassing might.

niméghamāno maghavandivédiva ójiṣṭhaṃ dadhiṣe sáhaḥ.

(Vedic) a stag, the male of a species of antelope