खेलना

khelanā (romanization)
खेलना (nominative singular)
खेलने (dual nominative)
खेलनाः (nominative plural)
खेलने (singular vocative)
खेलने (dual vocative)
खेलनाः (plural vocative)
खेलनाम् (accusative singular)
खेलने (accusative dual)
खेलनाः (accusative plural)
खेलनया (instrumental singular)
खेलना1 (instrumental singular)
खेलनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खेलनाभिः (instrumental plural)
खेलनायै (dative singular)
खेलनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खेलनाभ्यः (dative plural)
खेलनायाः (ablative singular)
खेलनायै2 (ablative singular)
खेलनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खेलनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
खेलनायाः (genitive singular)
खेलनायै2 (genitive singular)
खेलनयोः (dual genitive)
खेलनानाम् (genitive plural)
खेलनायाम् (locative singular)
खेलनयोः (dual locative)
खेलनासु (locative plural)

/ˈkʰeː.l̪ɐ.n̪ɑː/

Alternative spelling of खेलन (khelana), from खेलन (khelana) + -आ (-ā)


ऋतु

ṛtú (romanization)
ऋतुः (nominative singular)
ऋतू (dual nominative)
ऋतवः (nominative plural)
ऋतो (singular vocative)
ऋतू (dual vocative)
ऋतवः (plural vocative)
ऋतुम् (accusative singular)
ऋतू (accusative dual)
ऋतून् (accusative plural)
ऋतुना (instrumental singular)
ऋत्वा1 (instrumental singular)
ऋतुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋतुभिः (instrumental plural)
ऋतवे (dative singular)
ऋत्वे1 (dative singular)
ऋतुभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋतुभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋतोः (ablative singular)
ऋत्वः1 (ablative singular)
ऋतुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋतुभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋतोः (genitive singular)
ऋत्वः1 (genitive singular)
ऋत्वोः (dual genitive)
ऋतूनाम् (genitive plural)
ऋतौ (locative singular)
ऋत्वोः (dual locative)
ऋतुषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀉 (uu)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਰੁੱਤ (rutta)

Shahmukhi script: رُت (rutta)

Pali: utu

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥túš (“fixed period of time, season”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥-tú-s, from *h₂er- (“to fit, fix”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (ratu, “period of time”), Ancient Greek ἀρτύς (artús, “bond”), Old Armenian արդ (ard), Latin artus (“joint”).

inh+

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

any settled point of time, fixed time, time appointed for any action (especially for sacrifices and other regular worship), right or fit time

आग॑न्दे॒व ऋ॒तुभि॒र्वर्ध॑तु॒ क्षयं॒ दधा॑तु नः सवि॒ता सु॑प्र॒जामिष॑म्।
स न॑: क्ष॒पाभि॒रह॑भिश्च जिन्वतु प्र॒जाव॑न्तं र॒यिम॒स्मे समि॑न्वतु॥
ā́gandevá ṛtúbhirvárdhatu kṣáyaṃ dádhātu naḥ savitā́ suprajā́míṣam.

With the year's seasons hath Savitar, God, come nigh: may he prosper our home, give food and noble sons.
May he invigorate us through the days and nights, and may he send us opulence with progeny.

sá na: kṣapā́bhiráhabhiśca jinvatu prajā́vantaṃ rayímasmé sáminvatu.

an epoch, period (especially a division or part of the year), season

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

the menstrual discharge (in women), the time after the courses (favourable for procreation; according to Bhāvaprakāśa sixteen days after their appearance)


मनस्

mánas (romanization)
मनः (nominative singular)
मनसी (dual nominative)
मनांसि (nominative plural)
मनः (singular vocative)
मनसी (dual vocative)
मनांसि (plural vocative)
मनः (accusative singular)
मनसी (accusative dual)
मनांसि (accusative plural)
मनसा (instrumental singular)
मनोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मनोभिः (instrumental plural)
मनसे (dative singular)
मनोभ्याम् (dative dual)
मनोभ्यः (dative plural)
मनसः (ablative singular)
मनोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मनोभ्यः (ablative plural)
मनसः (genitive singular)
मनसोः (dual genitive)
मनसाम् (genitive plural)
मनसि (locative singular)
मनसोः (dual locative)
मनःसु (locative plural)

desctree

Pali: manas
→ Burmese: မနော (ma.nau:)
→ Thai: มโน (má-noo)
→ Thai: มน (mon)

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀡 (maṇa) (see there for further descendants)

→ Hindi: मनस् (manas)

desc

→ Kannada: ಮನಸ್ಸು (manassu), ಮನಸು (manasu), ಮನ (mana)

→ Tamil: மனசு (maṉacu), மனது (maṉatu), மனம் (maṉam)

→ Telugu: మనసు (manasu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *men-
Proto-Indo-European *ménos
Proto-Indo-Iranian *mánas
Sanskrit मनस् (manas)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mánas (“mind”), from Proto-Indo-European *ménos (“mind”), from *men- (“to think”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬀𐬵 (manah), Old Persian 𐎶𐎴𐏃 (m-n-h /manah/), Latin mēns, Ancient Greek μένος (ménos), and English mind. Equivalent to मन् (man, "to think", root) + -अस् (-as).

af

उ॒त त्वा॒ स्त्री शशी॑यसी पुं॒सो भ॑वति॒ वस्य॑सी ।
अदे॑वत्रादरा॒धसः॑ ॥
वि या जा॒नाति॒ जसु॑रिं॒ वि तृष्य॑न्तं॒ वि का॒मिन॑म् ।
दे॒व॒त्रा कृ॑णु॒ते मनः॑ ॥
utá tvā strī́ śáśīyasī puṃsó bhavati vásyasī.
ádevatrādarādhásaḥ.
ví yā́ jānā́ti jásuriṃ ví tṛ́ṣyantaṃ ví kāmínam.

Yea, many a woman is more firm and better than the man who turns away from Gods, and does not worship.
She who discerns the weak and worn and the man who thirsts and is in want
She sets her mind upon the Gods.

mind (in its widest sense as applied to all the mental powers), intellect, intelligence, understanding, perception, sense, conscience, will

the spirit or spiritual principle, the breath or living soul which escapes from the body at death

thought, imagination, excogitation, invention, reflection, opinion, intention, inclination, affection, desire, mood, temper, spirit


जगन्नाथ

jagannāthá (romanization)
जगन्नाथः (nominative singular)
जगन्नाथौ (dual nominative)
जगन्नाथा1 (dual nominative)
जगन्नाथाः (nominative plural)
जगन्नाथासः1 (nominative plural)
जगन्नाथ (singular vocative)
जगन्नाथौ (dual vocative)
जगन्नाथा1 (dual vocative)
जगन्नाथाः (plural vocative)
जगन्नाथासः1 (plural vocative)
जगन्नाथम् (accusative singular)
जगन्नाथौ (accusative dual)
जगन्नाथा1 (accusative dual)
जगन्नाथान् (accusative plural)
जगन्नाथेन (instrumental singular)
जगन्नाथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगन्नाथैः (instrumental plural)
जगन्नाथेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जगन्नाथाय (dative singular)
जगन्नाथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जगन्नाथेभ्यः (dative plural)
जगन्नाथात् (ablative singular)
जगन्नाथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगन्नाथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जगन्नाथस्य (genitive singular)
जगन्नाथयोः (dual genitive)
जगन्नाथानाम् (genitive plural)
जगन्नाथे (locative singular)
जगन्नाथयोः (dual locative)
जगन्नाथेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: জগন্নাথ (zogonnath)

Bengali: জগন্নাথ (jogonnath)

Hindi: जगन्नाथ (jagannāth)

English: juggernaut

Kannada: ಜಗನ್ನಾಥ (jagannātha)

Odia: ଜଗନ୍ନାଥ (jagannātha)

Telugu: జగన్నాథుడు (jagannāthuḍu)

desc

Urdu: جگناتھ

Urdu: جگناتھ

/d͡ʑɐ.ɡɐn.nɑː.tʰɐ́/

/d͡ʑɐ.ɡɐn̪ˈn̪ɑː.t̪ʰɐ/

Compound of जगन् (jágan, “world”) + नाथ (nāthá, “lord”).

com+

one of the names of Krishna, an avatar of Vishnu


जगत्

jágat (romanization)
जगत् (nominative singular)
जगन्ती (dual nominative)
जगन्ति (nominative plural)
जगत् (singular vocative)
जगन्ती (dual vocative)
जगन्ति (plural vocative)
जगत् (accusative singular)
जगन्ती (accusative dual)
जगन्ति (accusative plural)
जगता (instrumental singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगद्भिः (instrumental plural)
जगते (dative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (dative plural)
जगतः (ablative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
जगतः (genitive singular)
जगतोः (dual genitive)
जगताम् (genitive plural)
जगति (locative singular)
जगतोः (dual locative)
जगत्सु (locative plural)

→ Punjabi: jag

Gurmukhi script: ਜਗ

Shahmukhi script: جَگ

→ Malay: jagat
Indonesian: jagat

desctree

→ Old Javanese: jagat
Javanese: ꦗꦒꦠ꧀ (jagat)

→ Assamese: জগৎ (zogot)

→ Bengali: জগৎ (jogot)

→ Marathi: जगत (jagat)

→ Nepali: जगत् (jagat)

→ Hindi: जगत् (jagat) (learned)

→ Odia: ଜଗତ୍ (jagat) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਜਗਤ (jagat) (learned)

/ˈd͡ʑɐ.ɡɐt̪/

Nominal form of an unattested *जगाति (jagāti, “goes”), from the root गा (gā, “to go, approach, pursue”).

sa-root

that which moves or is alive, men and animals, animals as opposed to men, men

the world (esp. this world), earth, the universe

(in the dual) heaven and the lower world


जगत्

jágat (romanization)
जगत् (nominative singular)
जगतौ (dual nominative)
जगता1 (dual nominative)
जगतः (nominative plural)
जगत् (singular vocative)
जगतौ (dual vocative)
जगता1 (dual vocative)
जगतः (plural vocative)
जगतम् (accusative singular)
जगतौ (accusative dual)
जगता1 (accusative dual)
जगतः (accusative plural)
जगता (instrumental singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगद्भिः (instrumental plural)
जगते (dative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (dative plural)
जगतः (ablative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
जगतः (genitive singular)
जगतोः (dual genitive)
जगताम् (genitive plural)
जगति (locative singular)
जगतोः (dual locative)
जगत्सु (locative plural)

/ˈd͡ʑɐ.ɡɐt̪/


जगत्

jágat (romanization)
जगत् (nominative singular)
जगतौ (dual nominative)
जगता1 (dual nominative)
जगतः (nominative plural)
जगत् (singular vocative)
जगतौ (dual vocative)
जगता1 (dual vocative)
जगतः (plural vocative)
जगतम् (accusative singular)
जगतौ (accusative dual)
जगता1 (accusative dual)
जगतः (accusative plural)
जगता (instrumental singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगद्भिः (instrumental plural)
जगते (dative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (dative plural)
जगतः (ablative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
जगतः (genitive singular)
जगतोः (dual genitive)
जगताम् (genitive plural)
जगति (locative singular)
जगतोः (dual locative)
जगत्सु (locative plural)
जगती (nominative singular)
जगत्यौ (dual nominative)
जगती1 (dual nominative)
जगत्यः (nominative plural)
जगतीः1 (nominative plural)
जगति (singular vocative)
जगत्यौ (dual vocative)
जगती1 (dual vocative)
जगत्यः (plural vocative)
जगतीः1 (plural vocative)
जगतीम् (accusative singular)
जगत्यौ (accusative dual)
जगती1 (accusative dual)
जगतीः (accusative plural)
जगत्या (instrumental singular)
जगतीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगतीभिः (instrumental plural)
जगत्यै (dative singular)
जगतीभ्याम् (dative dual)
जगतीभ्यः (dative plural)
जगत्याः (ablative singular)
जगत्यै2 (ablative singular)
जगतीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगतीभ्यः (ablative plural)
जगत्याः (genitive singular)
जगत्यै2 (genitive singular)
जगत्योः (dual genitive)
जगतीनाम् (genitive plural)
जगत्याम् (locative singular)
जगत्योः (dual locative)
जगतीषु (locative plural)
जगत् (nominative singular)
जगती (dual nominative)
जगन्ति (nominative plural)
जगत् (singular vocative)
जगती (dual vocative)
जगन्ति (plural vocative)
जगत् (accusative singular)
जगती (accusative dual)
जगन्ति (accusative plural)
जगता (instrumental singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगद्भिः (instrumental plural)
जगते (dative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (dative plural)
जगतः (ablative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
जगतः (genitive singular)
जगतोः (dual genitive)
जगताम् (genitive plural)
जगति (locative singular)
जगतोः (dual locative)
जगत्सु (locative plural)

/ˈd͡ʑɐ.ɡɐt̪/

चि॒त्रं दे॒वाना॒मुद॑गा॒दनी॑कं॒ चक्षु॑र्मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्या॒ग्नेः।
आप्रा॒ द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी अ॒न्तरि॑क्षं॒ सूर्य॑ आ॒त्मा जग॑तस्त॒स्थुष॑श्च॥
citráṃ devā́nāmúdagādánīkaṃ cákṣurmitrásya váruṇasyāgnéḥ.
ā́prā dyā́vāpṛthivī́ antárikṣaṃ sū́rya ātmā́ jágatastasthúṣaśca.

The brilliant face of the gods has arisen, the eye of Mitra, Varuṇa, and Agni; he has filled heaven, earth, and the space between: the Sun is the life-breath of both the moving and the still.


मठ

maṭha (romanization)
मठः (nominative singular)
मठौ (dual nominative)
मठाः (nominative plural)
मठ (singular vocative)
मठौ (dual vocative)
मठाः (plural vocative)
मठम् (accusative singular)
मठौ (accusative dual)
मठान् (accusative plural)
मठेन (instrumental singular)
मठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मठैः (instrumental plural)
मठाय (dative singular)
मठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मठेभ्यः (dative plural)
मठात् (ablative singular)
मठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मठस्य (genitive singular)
मठयोः (dual genitive)
मठानाम् (genitive plural)
मठे (locative singular)
मठयोः (dual locative)
मठेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मठ

Tamil: மடம் (maṭam)

Telugu: మఠము (maṭhamu)


नाथ

nāthá (romanization)
नाथम् (nominative singular)
नाथे (dual nominative)
नाथानि (nominative plural)
नाथा1 (nominative plural)
नाथ (singular vocative)
नाथे (dual vocative)
नाथानि (plural vocative)
नाथा1 (plural vocative)
नाथम् (accusative singular)
नाथे (accusative dual)
नाथानि (accusative plural)
नाथा1 (accusative plural)
नाथेन (instrumental singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाथैः (instrumental plural)
नाथेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नाथाय (dative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (dative plural)
नाथात् (ablative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाथस्य (genitive singular)
नाथयोः (dual genitive)
नाथानाम् (genitive plural)
नाथे (locative singular)
नाथयोः (dual locative)
नाथेषु (locative plural)

/ˈn̪ɑː.t̪ʰɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HnaHtʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HnaHtʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃neh₂- (“to help, support”), with semantic influence from the etymologically root नाध् (nādh, “to seek help”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὀνί̆νημῐ (oní̆nēmĭ, “to help; to please”). The Sanskrit root is नाथ् (nāth, “to seek aid, ask”).


नाथ

nāthá (romanization)
नाथः (nominative singular)
नाथौ (dual nominative)
नाथा1 (dual nominative)
नाथाः (nominative plural)
नाथासः1 (nominative plural)
नाथ (singular vocative)
नाथौ (dual vocative)
नाथा1 (dual vocative)
नाथाः (plural vocative)
नाथासः1 (plural vocative)
नाथम् (accusative singular)
नाथौ (accusative dual)
नाथा1 (accusative dual)
नाथान् (accusative plural)
नाथेन (instrumental singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाथैः (instrumental plural)
नाथेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नाथाय (dative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (dative plural)
नाथात् (ablative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाथस्य (genitive singular)
नाथयोः (dual genitive)
नाथानाम् (genitive plural)
नाथे (locative singular)
नाथयोः (dual locative)
नाथेषु (locative plural)

/ˈn̪ɑː.t̪ʰɐ/

(often at the end of compounds, esp. in names of gods and men) protector, patron, possessor, owner, ward, guardian, lord

a rope passed through the nose of a draft ox


नाथ

head

नाथ • (nāthá) m

nāthá (romanization)
नाथः (nominative singular)
नाथौ (dual nominative)
नाथाः (nominative plural)
नाथ (singular vocative)
नाथौ (dual vocative)
नाथाः (plural vocative)
नाथम् (accusative singular)
नाथौ (accusative dual)
नाथान् (accusative plural)
नाथेन (instrumental singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाथैः (instrumental plural)
नाथाय (dative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (dative plural)
नाथात् (ablative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाथस्य (genitive singular)
नाथयोः (dual genitive)
नाथानाम् (genitive plural)
नाथे (locative singular)
नाथयोः (dual locative)
नाथेषु (locative plural)
नाथा (nominative singular)
नाथे (dual nominative)
नाथाः (nominative plural)
नाथे (singular vocative)
नाथे (dual vocative)
नाथाः (plural vocative)
नाथाम् (accusative singular)
नाथे (accusative dual)
नाथाः (accusative plural)
नाथया (instrumental singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाथाभिः (instrumental plural)
नाथायै (dative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाथाभ्यः (dative plural)
नाथायाः (ablative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाथाभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाथायाः (genitive singular)
नाथयोः (dual genitive)
नाथानाम् (genitive plural)
नाथायाम् (locative singular)
नाथयोः (dual locative)
नाथासु (locative plural)
नाथम् (nominative singular)
नाथे (dual nominative)
नाथानि (nominative plural)
नाथ (singular vocative)
नाथे (dual vocative)
नाथानि (plural vocative)
नाथम् (accusative singular)
नाथे (accusative dual)
नाथानि (accusative plural)
नाथेन (instrumental singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाथैः (instrumental plural)
नाथाय (dative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (dative plural)
नाथात् (ablative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाथस्य (genitive singular)
नाथयोः (dual genitive)
नाथानाम् (genitive plural)
नाथे (locative singular)
नाथयोः (dual locative)
नाथेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of नाथ

Feminine ā-stem declension of नाथ

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">नाथ</i>

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀳 (ṇāha), 𑀡𑀸𑀥 (ṇādha)

→ Assamese: নাথ (nath)

→ Bengali: নাথ (nath)

→ Hindi: नाथ (nāth)

→ Kannada: ನಾಥ (nātha)

→ Marathi: नाथ (nāth)

→ Odia: ନାଥ (nātha)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: nātha
→ Balinese: ᬦᬵᬣ (nata)

→ Pali: nātha

→ Punjabi: ਨਾਥ (nāth)

desc

Tamil: நாதன் (nātaṉ), நாதான் (nātāṉ), நாதியன் (nātiyaṉ)

→ Telugu: నాథుడు (nāthuḍu)

/ˈn̪ɑː.t̪ʰɐ/

possessed of, occupied by, furnished with, (compare सनाथ (sa-natha))


चन्द्र

candrá (romanization)
चन्द्रः (nominative singular)
चन्द्रौ (dual nominative)
चन्द्रा1 (dual nominative)
चन्द्राः (nominative plural)
चन्द्रासः1 (nominative plural)
चन्द्र (singular vocative)
चन्द्रौ (dual vocative)
चन्द्रा1 (dual vocative)
चन्द्राः (plural vocative)
चन्द्रासः1 (plural vocative)
चन्द्रम् (accusative singular)
चन्द्रौ (accusative dual)
चन्द्रा1 (accusative dual)
चन्द्रान् (accusative plural)
चन्द्रेण (instrumental singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चन्द्रैः (instrumental plural)
चन्द्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चन्द्राय (dative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
चन्द्रात् (ablative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चन्द्रस्य (genitive singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
चन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
चन्द्रे (locative singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
चन्द्रेषु (locative plural)
चन्द्रा (nominative singular)
चन्द्रे (dual nominative)
चन्द्राः (nominative plural)
चन्द्रे (singular vocative)
चन्द्रे (dual vocative)
चन्द्राः (plural vocative)
चन्द्राम् (accusative singular)
चन्द्रे (accusative dual)
चन्द्राः (accusative plural)
चन्द्रया (instrumental singular)
चन्द्रा1 (instrumental singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चन्द्राभिः (instrumental plural)
चन्द्रायै (dative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
चन्द्राभ्यः (dative plural)
चन्द्रायाः (ablative singular)
चन्द्रायै2 (ablative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चन्द्राभ्यः (ablative plural)
चन्द्रायाः (genitive singular)
चन्द्रायै2 (genitive singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
चन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
चन्द्रायाम् (locative singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
चन्द्रासु (locative plural)
चन्द्रम् (nominative singular)
चन्द्रे (dual nominative)
चन्द्राणि (nominative plural)
चन्द्रा1 (nominative plural)
चन्द्र (singular vocative)
चन्द्रे (dual vocative)
चन्द्राणि (plural vocative)
चन्द्रा1 (plural vocative)
चन्द्रम् (accusative singular)
चन्द्रे (accusative dual)
चन्द्राणि (accusative plural)
चन्द्रा1 (accusative plural)
चन्द्रेण (instrumental singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चन्द्रैः (instrumental plural)
चन्द्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चन्द्राय (dative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
चन्द्रात् (ablative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चन्द्रस्य (genitive singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
चन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
चन्द्रे (locative singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
चन्द्रेषु (locative plural)

/t͡ɕɐn.dɾɐ́/

/ˈt͡ɕɐn̪.d̪ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *(s)ćandrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kand-. Doublet of श्चन्द्र (ścandrá, “shining, radiant”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κάνδαρος (kándaros, “charcoal”), Latin candeō, Old Armenian խանդ (xand). See also the root चन्द् (cand, “to shine, be bright, gladden”).

cog

मा नो॑ हिंसीज्जनि॒ता यः पृ॑थि॒व्या यो वा॒ दिवं॑ स॒त्यध॑र्मा ज॒जान॑।
यश्चा॒पश्चन्द्रा बृ॑ह॒तीर्ज॒जान॒ कस्मै॑ दे॒वाय॑ ह॒विषा॑ विधेम॥
mā́ no hiṃsījjanitā́ yáḥ pṛthivyā́ yó vā dívaṃ satyádharmā jajā́na.

yáścāpáścándrā́ bṛhatī́rjajā́na kásmai devā́ya havíṣā vidhema.

glittering, shining (as gold), having the brilliancy or hue of light (said of gods, of water and of soma)


चन्द्र

candrá (romanization)
चन्द्रः (nominative singular)
चन्द्रौ (dual nominative)
चन्द्रा1 (dual nominative)
चन्द्राः (nominative plural)
चन्द्रासः1 (nominative plural)
चन्द्र (singular vocative)
चन्द्रौ (dual vocative)
चन्द्रा1 (dual vocative)
चन्द्राः (plural vocative)
चन्द्रासः1 (plural vocative)
चन्द्रम् (accusative singular)
चन्द्रौ (accusative dual)
चन्द्रा1 (accusative dual)
चन्द्रान् (accusative plural)
चन्द्रेण (instrumental singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चन्द्रैः (instrumental plural)
चन्द्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चन्द्राय (dative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
चन्द्रात् (ablative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चन्द्रस्य (genitive singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
चन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
चन्द्रे (locative singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
चन्द्रेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: ژۆندُر (ċondur)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ހަނދު (haⁿdu)

Sinhalese: හඳ (haⁿda)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: চান্দ (sand)

Bengali: চাঁদ (cãd)

Odia: ଚନ୍ଦ (cåndå)

Rohingya: san

Sylheti: ꠌꠣꠘ꠆ꠖ (sando)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: चंद्रु (candru)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀘𑀁𑀤 (caṃda)

Gujarati: ચાંદ (cā̃d)

Hindustani:

Hindi: चाँद (cā̃d), चांद (cānd)

Urdu: چاند (cānd)

Nepali: चाँद् (cā̃d)

Punjabi: ਚੰਦ (cand), ਚੰਨ (cann)

Marwari: चांद (cā̃d)

Sindhi: چَنڊُ (candu)

Pali: canda

→ Burmese: စန္ဒာ (canda), စန်း (can:)

→ Khmer: ព្រះច័ន្ទ (prĕəh can)

→ Assamese: চন্দ্ৰ (sondro) (learned)

→ Bengali: চন্দ্র (côndrô) (learned)

desc

→ English: Chandra, Chander, Shandra (learned)

→ Burmese: စန္ဒြာ (candra) (learned)

→ Gujarati: ચંદ્ર (candra) (learned)

→ Thai: จันท์ (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: चन्द्र (candra), चन्दर (candar)

Urdu: چندر (candra)

→ Indonesian: candra (learned)

→ Kannada: ಚಂದ್ರ (candra) (learned)

→ Konkani: चन्द्र (candr) (learned)

→ Lao: ຈັນ (chan) (learned)

desctree

→ Malay: cendera (learned)
Indonesian: cendera

desc

→ Malayalam: ചന്ദ്രന് (candraṉ) (learned)

→ Marathi: चन्द्र (candra) (learned)

→ Nepali: चन्द्र (candra), चन्द्रमा (candramā) (learned)

→ Odia: ଚନ୍ଦ୍ର (cåndrå) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਚੰਦ੍ਰ (candr), ਚੰਦਰ (candar) (learned)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: candra (learned)
Javanese: ꦕꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ (candra)
→ Balinese: ᬘᬦ᭄ᬤ᭄ᬭ (candra)

→ Shan: ၸၼ်ႇတႃႇ (tsàn tàa) (learned)

desc

→ Sinhalese: චන්ද්රයා (candrayā) (learned)

→ Lü: ᦶᦈᧃ (ṫsaen) (learned)

→ Tamil: சந்திரன் (cantiraṉ) (learned)

→ Telugu: చంద్రుడు (candruḍu) (learned)

→ Thai: จันทร์ (jan) (learned)

/t͡ɕɐn.dɾɐ́/

/ˈt͡ɕɐn̪.d̪ɾɐ/

अ॒मी य ऋक्षा॒ निहि॑तास उ॒च्चा नक्तं॒ ददृ॑श्रे॒ कुह॑ चि॒द्दिवे॑युः।
अद॑ब्धानि॒ वरु॑णस्य व्र॒तानि॑ वि॒चाक॑शच्चन्द्रमा॒ नक्त॑मेति॥
amī́ yá ṛ́kṣā níhitāsa uccā́ náktaṃ dádṛśre kúha ciddíveyuḥ.
ádabdhāni váruṇasya vratā́ni vicā́kaśaccandramā náktameti.

These constellations pluralised on high, which are visible by night, and go elsewhere by day, are the undisturbed holy acts of Varuṇa and by his command the moon moves resplendent by night.

पार्थिवचन्द्र (pārthiva-candra) or नरेन्द्रचन्द्र (narendra-candra)

a lovely or agreeable phenomenon of any kind

काम्पिल्ल काम्पिल्ल#Sanskrit

चन्द्रवर्मन् चन्द्रवर्मन्#Sanskrit

name of a daitya (= चन्द्रवर्मन् (candra-varman), king of the kāmbojas)

विश्वगन्धि विश्वगन्धि#Sanskrit

युवनाश्व युवनाश्व#Sanskrit

name of a son of विश्वगन्धि (viśva-gandhi) and father of युवनाश्व (yuvanāśva)

चन्द्रगोमिन् चन्द्रगोमिन्#Sanskrit

name of a grammarian (= चन्द्रगोमिन् (candra-gomin))

name of one of the ancestors of the गौड (gauḍa) Brahmins

चन्द्रपर्वत चन्द्रपर्वत#Sanskrit


चन्द्र

candrá (romanization)
चन्द्रम् (nominative singular)
चन्द्रे (dual nominative)
चन्द्राणि (nominative plural)
चन्द्रा1 (nominative plural)
चन्द्र (singular vocative)
चन्द्रे (dual vocative)
चन्द्राणि (plural vocative)
चन्द्रा1 (plural vocative)
चन्द्रम् (accusative singular)
चन्द्रे (accusative dual)
चन्द्राणि (accusative plural)
चन्द्रा1 (accusative plural)
चन्द्रेण (instrumental singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चन्द्रैः (instrumental plural)
चन्द्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चन्द्राय (dative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
चन्द्रात् (ablative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चन्द्रस्य (genitive singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
चन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
चन्द्रे (locative singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
चन्द्रेषु (locative plural)

/t͡ɕɐn.dɾɐ́/

/ˈt͡ɕɐn̪.d̪ɾɐ/

RV 2.2.4c
तमुक्षमाणं रजसि सव आ दमे चन्द्रमिव सुरुचं हवार आ दधुः |
पर्श्न्याः पतरं चितयन्तमक्षभिः पाथो न पायुं जनसी उभे अनु ||
tamukṣamāṇaṃ rajasi sva ā dame candramiva surucaṃ hvāra ā dadhuḥ |
pṛśnyāḥ pataraṃ citayantamakṣabhiḥ pātho na pāyuṃ janasī ubhe anu ||
Him have they set in his own dwelling, in the vault, like the gold waxing, fulgent, in the realm of air.
Bird of the firmament, observant with his eyes, guard of the place as'twere, looking to Gods and men.

गुडूची गुडूची#Sanskrit

चन्द्रास्पदा चन्द्रास्पदा#Sanskrit

= चन्द्रास्पदा (candrā-spadā)


मेध

médha (romanization)
मेधः (nominative singular)
मेधौ (dual nominative)
मेधा1 (dual nominative)
मेधाः (nominative plural)
मेधासः1 (nominative plural)
मेध (singular vocative)
मेधौ (dual vocative)
मेधा1 (dual vocative)
मेधाः (plural vocative)
मेधासः1 (plural vocative)
मेधम् (accusative singular)
मेधौ (accusative dual)
मेधा1 (accusative dual)
मेधान् (accusative plural)
मेधेन (instrumental singular)
मेधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेधैः (instrumental plural)
मेधेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मेधाय (dative singular)
मेधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेधेभ्यः (dative plural)
मेधात् (ablative singular)
मेधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेधस्य (genitive singular)
मेधयोः (dual genitive)
मेधानाम् (genitive plural)
मेधे (locative singular)
मेधयोः (dual locative)
मेधेषु (locative plural)

Pali: medha

→ Tamil: மேதம் (mētam)

Of uncertain origin. Likely related to मियेध (miyedha, “sacrificial oblation”). Connections to मेधा (medhā, “wisdom; mental ability”) have also been proposed. A relation has also been proposed to Gaulish *meduos, attested in Epomeduos, which is directly comparable with अश्वमेध (aśvamedha).

juice of meat, broth, nourishing or strengthening drink

an animal sacrifice, offering, oblation, any sacrifice (esp. at the end of a compound)


अमृता

/ɐˈmr̩.t̪ɑː/

अमृता for meaning when accent is on the first syllable

inflection of अमृत (amṛta, “immortal”):
nominative singular feminine

sandhi form of nominative plural masculine/feminine

sandhi form of accusative plural feminine

(Vedic) inflection of अमृत (amṛta, “immortal”):

inflection of अमृत (amṛta, “immortal”):
nominative/accusative dual masculine

inflection of अमृत (amṛta, “immortal”):
nominative/accusative plural neuter

inflection of अमृत (amṛta, “immortal”):
instrumental singular feminine


अमृता

amṛ́tā (romanization)
अमृता (nominative singular)
अमृते (dual nominative)
अमृताः (nominative plural)
अमृते (singular vocative)
अमृते (dual vocative)
अमृताः (plural vocative)
अमृताम् (accusative singular)
अमृते (accusative dual)
अमृताः (accusative plural)
अमृतया (instrumental singular)
अमृता1 (instrumental singular)
अमृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अमृताभिः (instrumental plural)
अमृतायै (dative singular)
अमृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
अमृताभ्यः (dative plural)
अमृतायाः (ablative singular)
अमृतायै2 (ablative singular)
अमृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अमृताभ्यः (ablative plural)
अमृतायाः (genitive singular)
अमृतायै2 (genitive singular)
अमृतयोः (dual genitive)
अमृतानाम् (genitive plural)
अमृतायाम् (locative singular)
अमृतयोः (dual locative)
अमृतासु (locative plural)

/ɐˈmr̩.t̪ɑː/

Phyllanthus emblica
Phyllanthus emblica#Translingual

Ocimum tenuiflorum
Ocimum tenuiflorum#Translingual

a name of specific plants: Emblica officinalis ⇒ Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia citrina, Cocculus cordifolius, Piper longum, Ocymum sanctum ⇒ Ocimum tenuiflorum

name of the first kala of the moon (Brahma Purana)


अमृता

sa-noun form

अमृता • (amṛ́tā)

/ɐˈmr̩.t̪ɑː/

sandhi form of nominative plural of अमृत (amṛta, “god”)

(Vedic) nominative/accusative dual of अमृत (amṛta, “god”)


अमृता

अमृता • (amṛ́tā)

/ɐˈmr̩.t̪ɑː/

(Vedic) nominative/accusative plural of अमृत (amṛta, “ambrosia”)


अमृता

See अमृत (amṛta). The Vedic accent goes on the first syllable of the vocative.

अमृता for meaning when accent is on the second syllable

sandhi form of vocative plural masculine/feminine of अमृत (amṛta, “immortal”)

inflection of अमृत (amṛta, “immortal”):
vocative dual masculine

inflection of अमृत (amṛta, “immortal”):
vocative plural neuter


अमृता

अमृता • (ámṛtā)

sandhi form of vocative plural of अमृत (amṛta, “god”)

(Vedic) vocative dual of अमृत (amṛta, “god”)


अमृता

अमृता • (ámṛtā)

sandhi form of vocative plural of अमृत (amṛta, “goddess”)


अमृता

अमृता • (ámṛtā)

(Vedic) vocative plural of अमृत (amṛta, “ambrosia”)


अश्वमेध

aśvamedhá (romanization)
अश्वमेधः (nominative singular)
अश्वमेधौ (dual nominative)
अश्वमेधा1 (dual nominative)
अश्वमेधाः (nominative plural)
अश्वमेधासः1 (nominative plural)
अश्वमेध (singular vocative)
अश्वमेधौ (dual vocative)
अश्वमेधा1 (dual vocative)
अश्वमेधाः (plural vocative)
अश्वमेधासः1 (plural vocative)
अश्वमेधम् (accusative singular)
अश्वमेधौ (accusative dual)
अश्वमेधा1 (accusative dual)
अश्वमेधान् (accusative plural)
अश्वमेधेन (instrumental singular)
अश्वमेधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्वमेधैः (instrumental plural)
अश्वमेधेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अश्वमेधाय (dative singular)
अश्वमेधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्वमेधेभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्वमेधात् (ablative singular)
अश्वमेधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्वमेधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्वमेधस्य (genitive singular)
अश्वमेधयोः (dual genitive)
अश्वमेधानाम् (genitive plural)
अश्वमेधे (locative singular)
अश्वमेधयोः (dual locative)
अश्वमेधेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: अश्वमेध (aśvamedh)

→ Telugu: అశ్వమేధము (aśvamēdhamu)

→ Tocharian B: aśvamet

/ɐɕ.ʋɐ.mɐj.dʱɐ́/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐˈmeː.d̪ʱɐ/

/ɐ́ɕ.ʋɐ.mɐj.dʱɐ/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐˈmeː.d̪ʱɐ/

An oxytonic tatpurusa compound of अश्व (áśva, “horse”) and मेध (médha, “animal sacrifice”). Possible cognate with Gaulish Epomeduos (“name of a festival and a deity”).

cog

(Hinduism) horse sacrifice, the Ashvamedha ritual


अश्वमेध

/ɐɕ.ʋɐ.mɐj.dʱɐ́/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐˈmeː.d̪ʱɐ/

/ɐ́ɕ.ʋɐ.mɐj.dʱɐ/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐˈmeː.d̪ʱɐ/


आज्ञा

sa-noun

आज्ञा • (ājñā) stem, f

ājñā (romanization)
आज्ञा (nominative singular)
आज्ञे (dual nominative)
आज्ञाः (nominative plural)
आज्ञे (singular vocative)
आज्ञे (dual vocative)
आज्ञाः (plural vocative)
आज्ञाम् (accusative singular)
आज्ञे (accusative dual)
आज्ञाः (accusative plural)
आज्ञया (instrumental singular)
आज्ञाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आज्ञाभिः (instrumental plural)
आज्ञायै (dative singular)
आज्ञाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आज्ञाभ्यः (dative plural)
आज्ञायाः (ablative singular)
आज्ञाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आज्ञाभ्यः (ablative plural)
आज्ञायाः (genitive singular)
आज्ञयोः (dual genitive)
आज्ञानाम् (genitive plural)
आज्ञायाम् (locative singular)
आज्ञयोः (dual locative)
आज्ञासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of आज्ञा

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀆𑀡𑀸 (āṇā)

Pali: āṇā

→ Tamil: ஆணை (āṇai)

→ Thai: อาณา (aa-naa)

→ Sinhalese: අණ (aṇa), ඇණය (æṇaya)

Punjabi: ਅੱਗਾਯਾ (aggāyā)

→ Assamese: আজ্ঞা (agga)

→ Bengali: আজ্ঞা (ajna), আগ্গাঁ (aggã)

→ Gujarati: આજ્ઞા (ājñā)

desc

→ Hindi: आज्ञा (ājñā)

→ Hindi: आज्ञा (ājñā)

→ Malayalam: ആജ്ഞ (ājña)

→ Marathi: आज्ञा (ājñā)

→ Nepali: आज्ञा (āgyā), आग्ग्याँ (āggyā̃)

→ Old Javanese: ājñā

→ Odia: ଆଜ୍ଞା (ājñā)

→ Odia: ଆଜ୍ଞା (ājñā)

→ Sinhalese: ආඥාව (āgnāwa)

→ Tamil: ஆஞ்ஞை (āññai)

→ Telugu: ఆజ్ఞ (ājña)

/ˈɑːd͡ʑ.ɲɑː/

affix

आ- (ā-) + ज्ञा (jñā)

name of the tenth lunar mansion (VarBṛ.)

अनाज्ञया (an-ā-jñayā)


वर्ष

varṣá (romanization)
वर्षम् (nominative singular)
वर्षे (dual nominative)
वर्षाणि (nominative plural)
वर्षा1 (nominative plural)
वर्ष (singular vocative)
वर्षे (dual vocative)
वर्षाणि (plural vocative)
वर्षा1 (plural vocative)
वर्षम् (accusative singular)
वर्षे (accusative dual)
वर्षाणि (accusative plural)
वर्षा1 (accusative plural)
वर्षेण (instrumental singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्षैः (instrumental plural)
वर्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वर्षाय (dative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्षात् (ablative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्षस्य (genitive singular)
वर्षयोः (dual genitive)
वर्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
वर्षे (locative singular)
वर्षयोः (dual locative)
वर्षेषु (locative plural)
वर्षः (nominative singular)
वर्षौ (dual nominative)
वर्षा1 (dual nominative)
वर्षाः (nominative plural)
वर्षासः1 (nominative plural)
वर्ष (singular vocative)
वर्षौ (dual vocative)
वर्षा1 (dual vocative)
वर्षाः (plural vocative)
वर्षासः1 (plural vocative)
वर्षम् (accusative singular)
वर्षौ (accusative dual)
वर्षा1 (accusative dual)
वर्षान् (accusative plural)
वर्षेण (instrumental singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्षैः (instrumental plural)
वर्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वर्षाय (dative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्षात् (ablative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्षस्य (genitive singular)
वर्षयोः (dual genitive)
वर्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
वर्षे (locative singular)
वर्षयोः (dual locative)
वर्षेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: báṣik

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: ؤری (wạrī), वॅरी (wạrī)

Devanagari script: वऺरी (wạrī)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀭𑀺𑀲 (varisa)

Konkani: vars

Devanagari script: वर्स

Konkani: ವರ್ಸ್

Latin script: voros

Marathi: वरीस (varīs)

Niya Prakrit: 𐨬𐨪𐨿𐨮 (varṣa)

Pali: vassa

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀭𑀺𑀲 (varisa)

Old Hindi: बरस (barasa)

Hindi: बरस (baras)

Gujarati: વરસ (varas)

Romani: berś

→ Hindi: वर्ष (varṣ)

→ Kannada: ವರ್ಷ (varṣa)

→ Malayalam: വർഷം (vaṟṣaṁ)

→ Mannan: വരികം (varikaṁ)

→ Marathi: वर्ष (varṣa)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: warṣa
Javanese: ꦮꦂꦱ (warsa)
→ Indonesian: warsa
→ Balinese: ᬯᬃᬱ (warsa)

→ Old Tamil: 𑀯𑀭𑀼𑀝𑀫𑁆 (varuṭam)
Tamil: வருடம் (varuṭam)

→ Punjabi: ਵਰਸ਼ (varaś)

→ Tamil: வருஷம் (varuṣam)

→ Telugu: వర్షము (varṣamu)

→ Thai: พรรษ (pát), พรรษา (pan-sǎa), วรรษ (wát), วรรษา

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwaršám, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wers-ó-m, from the root *h₁wers- (“to rain”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἕρση (hérsē, “dew”), Old Irish frass (“rain-shower”). By surface analysis, वृष् (vṛṣ, “rain”, root) + -अ (-a).
The meaning "year" developed from the fact that a year can be interpreted as the period of time from one monsoon to the next and any point of time a particular number of years into the past or future can be expressed as that many monsoons ago or later.

surf

प्रथिष्ट यामन्पृथिवी चिदेषां भर्तेव गर्भं स्वमिच्छवो धुः।
वातान्ह्यश्वान्धुर्यायुयुज्रे वर्षं स्वेदं चक्रिरे रुद्रियासः॥
prathiṣṭa yāmanpṛthivī cideṣāṃ bharteva garbhaṃ svamicchavo dhuḥ.

Even Earth hath spread herself wide at their coming, and they as husbands have with power impregned her.
They to the pole have yoked the winds for coursers: their sweat have they made rain, these Sons of Rudra.

vātānhyaśvāndhuryāyuyujre varṣaṃ svedaṃ cakrire rudriyāsaḥ.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

हिरण्मय हिरण्मय#Sanskrit

रम्यक रम्यक#Sanskrit

इलावृत इलावृत#Sanskrit

केतुमाला केतुमाला#Sanskrit

भद्राश्व भद्राश्व#Sanskrit

किंनर किंनर#Sanskrit

a division of the earth as separated off by certain mountain ranges (9 such divisions are enumerated, namely कुरु (kuru), हिरण्मय (hiraṇmaya), रम्यक (ramyaka), इलावृत (ilāvṛta), हरि (hari); केतुमाला (ketumālā), भद्राश्व (bhadrāśva), किंनर (kiṃnara), and भारत (bhārata); sometimes the number given is 7)


वर्ष

varṣá (romanization)
वर्षः (nominative singular)
वर्षौ (dual nominative)
वर्षा1 (dual nominative)
वर्षाः (nominative plural)
वर्षासः1 (nominative plural)
वर्ष (singular vocative)
वर्षौ (dual vocative)
वर्षा1 (dual vocative)
वर्षाः (plural vocative)
वर्षासः1 (plural vocative)
वर्षम् (accusative singular)
वर्षौ (accusative dual)
वर्षा1 (accusative dual)
वर्षान् (accusative plural)
वर्षेण (instrumental singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्षैः (instrumental plural)
वर्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वर्षाय (dative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्षात् (ablative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्षस्य (genitive singular)
वर्षयोः (dual genitive)
वर्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
वर्षे (locative singular)
वर्षयोः (dual locative)
वर्षेषु (locative plural)
वर्षा (nominative singular)
वर्षे (dual nominative)
वर्षाः (nominative plural)
वर्षे (singular vocative)
वर्षे (dual vocative)
वर्षाः (plural vocative)
वर्षाम् (accusative singular)
वर्षे (accusative dual)
वर्षाः (accusative plural)
वर्षया (instrumental singular)
वर्षा1 (instrumental singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्षाभिः (instrumental plural)
वर्षायै (dative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्षाभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्षायाः (ablative singular)
वर्षायै2 (ablative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्षाभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्षायाः (genitive singular)
वर्षायै2 (genitive singular)
वर्षयोः (dual genitive)
वर्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
वर्षायाम् (locative singular)
वर्षयोः (dual locative)
वर्षासु (locative plural)
वर्षम् (nominative singular)
वर्षे (dual nominative)
वर्षाणि (nominative plural)
वर्षा1 (nominative plural)
वर्ष (singular vocative)
वर्षे (dual vocative)
वर्षाणि (plural vocative)
वर्षा1 (plural vocative)
वर्षम् (accusative singular)
वर्षे (accusative dual)
वर्षाणि (accusative plural)
वर्षा1 (accusative plural)
वर्षेण (instrumental singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्षैः (instrumental plural)
वर्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वर्षाय (dative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्षात् (ablative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्षस्य (genitive singular)
वर्षयोः (dual genitive)
वर्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
वर्षे (locative singular)
वर्षयोः (dual locative)
वर्षेषु (locative plural)

कामवर्ष


अज्ञान

Hindi: अयाना (ayānā)

Paisaci Prakrit:

desc

Punjabi: ਨਿਆਣਾ (niāṇā, “child, childlike”)

/ɐd͡ʑ.ɲɑː.nɐ/

/ɐd͡ʑˈɲɑː.n̪ɐ/


अरविन्द

Pali: aravinda

Hindi: अरबिन्द (arbind)

→ Malayalam: അരവിന്ദം (aravindaṁ)

→ Tamil: அரவிந்தம் (aravintam)

/ɐ.ɾɐˈʋin̪.d̪ɐ/

Uncertain. Probably borrowed from Dravidian.
Probably related to कुरुविन्द (kuruvinda, “ruby”) (for the semantic relation, compare Sanskrit पद्म (padma, “lotus”) and पद्मराग (padmarāga, “ruby”, literally “lotus-coloured”).


उदर

udára (romanization)
उदरम् (nominative singular)
उदरे (dual nominative)
उदराणि (nominative plural)
उदरा1 (nominative plural)
उदर (singular vocative)
उदरे (dual vocative)
उदराणि (plural vocative)
उदरा1 (plural vocative)
उदरम् (accusative singular)
उदरे (accusative dual)
उदराणि (accusative plural)
उदरा1 (accusative plural)
उदरेण (instrumental singular)
उदराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उदरैः (instrumental plural)
उदरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उदराय (dative singular)
उदराभ्याम् (dative dual)
उदरेभ्यः (dative plural)
उदरात् (ablative singular)
उदराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उदरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उदरस्य (genitive singular)
उदरयोः (dual genitive)
उदराणाम् (genitive plural)
उदरे (locative singular)
उदरयोः (dual locative)
उदरेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: उदर (udar)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀅𑀭 (uara)

→ Telugu: ఉదరము (udaramu)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *udáram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *udáras, from Proto-Indo-European *úderos (“belly”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬋𐬚𐬭𐬄𐬯𐬀 (udarōθrąsa, “snake creeping on the belly”), Latin uterus.

cog

क्रत्व॒ इत्पू॒र्णम्उ॒दरं॑ तु॒रस्या॑स्ति विध॒तः।
वृ॒त्र॒घ्नः सो॑म॒पाव्न॑:॥
krátva ítpūrṇámudáraṃ turásyāsti vidhatáḥ.
vṛtraghnáḥ somapā́vna:.

The belly of the Soma-drinker, the eager slayer of Vṛtra, is filled by the sacrificer's offering.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda


पागल

pāgala (romanization)
पागलः (nominative singular)
पागलौ (dual nominative)
पागला1 (dual nominative)
पागलाः (nominative plural)
पागलासः1 (nominative plural)
पागल (singular vocative)
पागलौ (dual vocative)
पागला1 (dual vocative)
पागलाः (plural vocative)
पागलासः1 (plural vocative)
पागलम् (accusative singular)
पागलौ (accusative dual)
पागला1 (accusative dual)
पागलान् (accusative plural)
पागलेन (instrumental singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पागलैः (instrumental plural)
पागलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पागलाय (dative singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पागलेभ्यः (dative plural)
पागलात् (ablative singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पागलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पागलस्य (genitive singular)
पागलयोः (dual genitive)
पागलानाम् (genitive plural)
पागले (locative singular)
पागलयोः (dual locative)
पागलेषु (locative plural)
पागला (nominative singular)
पागले (dual nominative)
पागलाः (nominative plural)
पागले (singular vocative)
पागले (dual vocative)
पागलाः (plural vocative)
पागलाम् (accusative singular)
पागले (accusative dual)
पागलाः (accusative plural)
पागलया (instrumental singular)
पागला1 (instrumental singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पागलाभिः (instrumental plural)
पागलायै (dative singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पागलाभ्यः (dative plural)
पागलायाः (ablative singular)
पागलायै2 (ablative singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पागलाभ्यः (ablative plural)
पागलायाः (genitive singular)
पागलायै2 (genitive singular)
पागलयोः (dual genitive)
पागलानाम् (genitive plural)
पागलायाम् (locative singular)
पागलयोः (dual locative)
पागलासु (locative plural)
पागलम् (nominative singular)
पागले (dual nominative)
पागलानि (nominative plural)
पागला1 (nominative plural)
पागल (singular vocative)
पागले (dual vocative)
पागलानि (plural vocative)
पागला1 (plural vocative)
पागलम् (accusative singular)
पागले (accusative dual)
पागलानि (accusative plural)
पागला1 (accusative plural)
पागलेन (instrumental singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पागलैः (instrumental plural)
पागलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पागलाय (dative singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पागलेभ्यः (dative plural)
पागलात् (ablative singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पागलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पागलस्य (genitive singular)
पागलयोः (dual genitive)
पागलानाम् (genitive plural)
पागले (locative singular)
पागलयोः (dual locative)
पागलेषु (locative plural)

/ˈpɑː.ɡɐ.l̪ɐ/

Probably a borrowing from a late Middle Indo-Aryan Apabhramsha, ultimately from an earlier Prakrit *𑀧𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀮 (*paggala), from a substrate. Possibly related to पङ्गु (paṅgu), फक्क (phakka), and Santali [script needed] (pãk, “to bend”).


पागल

pāgala (romanization)
पागलः (nominative singular)
पागलौ (dual nominative)
पागला1 (dual nominative)
पागलाः (nominative plural)
पागलासः1 (nominative plural)
पागल (singular vocative)
पागलौ (dual vocative)
पागला1 (dual vocative)
पागलाः (plural vocative)
पागलासः1 (plural vocative)
पागलम् (accusative singular)
पागलौ (accusative dual)
पागला1 (accusative dual)
पागलान् (accusative plural)
पागलेन (instrumental singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पागलैः (instrumental plural)
पागलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पागलाय (dative singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पागलेभ्यः (dative plural)
पागलात् (ablative singular)
पागलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पागलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पागलस्य (genitive singular)
पागलयोः (dual genitive)
पागलानाम् (genitive plural)
पागले (locative singular)
पागलयोः (dual locative)
पागलेषु (locative plural)

/ˈpɑː.ɡɐ.l̪ɐ/


मन्त्रिन्

mantrín (romanization)
मन्त्री (nominative singular)
मन्त्रिणौ (dual nominative)
मन्त्रिणा1 (dual nominative)
मन्त्रिणः (nominative plural)
मन्त्रिन् (singular vocative)
मन्त्रिणौ (dual vocative)
मन्त्रिणा1 (dual vocative)
मन्त्रिणः (plural vocative)
मन्त्रिणम् (accusative singular)
मन्त्रिणौ (accusative dual)
मन्त्रिणा1 (accusative dual)
मन्त्रिणः (accusative plural)
मन्त्रिणा (instrumental singular)
मन्त्रिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मन्त्रिभिः (instrumental plural)
मन्त्रिणे (dative singular)
मन्त्रिभ्याम् (dative dual)
मन्त्रिभ्यः (dative plural)
मन्त्रिणः (ablative singular)
मन्त्रिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मन्त्रिभ्यः (ablative plural)
मन्त्रिणः (genitive singular)
मन्त्रिणोः (dual genitive)
मन्त्रिणाम् (genitive plural)
मन्त्रिणि (locative singular)
मन्त्रिणोः (dual locative)
मन्त्रिषु (locative plural)
मन्त्रिणी (nominative singular)
मन्त्रिण्यौ (dual nominative)
मन्त्रिणी1 (dual nominative)
मन्त्रिण्यः (nominative plural)
मन्त्रिणीः1 (nominative plural)
मन्त्रिणि (singular vocative)
मन्त्रिण्यौ (dual vocative)
मन्त्रिणी1 (dual vocative)
मन्त्रिण्यः (plural vocative)
मन्त्रिणीः1 (plural vocative)
मन्त्रिणीम् (accusative singular)
मन्त्रिण्यौ (accusative dual)
मन्त्रिणी1 (accusative dual)
मन्त्रिणीः (accusative plural)
मन्त्रिण्या (instrumental singular)
मन्त्रिणीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मन्त्रिणीभिः (instrumental plural)
मन्त्रिण्यै (dative singular)
मन्त्रिणीभ्याम् (dative dual)
मन्त्रिणीभ्यः (dative plural)
मन्त्रिण्याः (ablative singular)
मन्त्रिण्यै2 (ablative singular)
मन्त्रिणीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मन्त्रिणीभ्यः (ablative plural)
मन्त्रिण्याः (genitive singular)
मन्त्रिण्यै2 (genitive singular)
मन्त्रिण्योः (dual genitive)
मन्त्रिणीनाम् (genitive plural)
मन्त्रिण्याम् (locative singular)
मन्त्रिण्योः (dual locative)
मन्त्रिणीषु (locative plural)
मन्त्रि (nominative singular)
मन्त्रिणी (dual nominative)
मन्त्रीणि (nominative plural)
मन्त्रि (singular vocative)
मन्त्रिन् (singular vocative)
मन्त्रिणी (dual vocative)
मन्त्रीणि (plural vocative)
मन्त्रि (accusative singular)
मन्त्रिणी (accusative dual)
मन्त्रीणि (accusative plural)
मन्त्रिणा (instrumental singular)
मन्त्रिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मन्त्रिभिः (instrumental plural)
मन्त्रिणे (dative singular)
मन्त्रिभ्याम् (dative dual)
मन्त्रिभ्यः (dative plural)
मन्त्रिणः (ablative singular)
मन्त्रिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मन्त्रिभ्यः (ablative plural)
मन्त्रिणः (genitive singular)
मन्त्रिणोः (dual genitive)
मन्त्रिणाम् (genitive plural)
मन्त्रिणि (locative singular)
मन्त्रिणोः (dual locative)
मन्त्रिषु (locative plural)


मन्त्रिन्

sa-noun

मन्त्रिन् • (mantrín) stem, m (feminine मन्त्रिणी)

mantrín (romanization)
मन्त्रिणी (feminine)
मन्त्री (nominative singular)
मन्त्रिणौ (dual nominative)
मन्त्रिणा1 (dual nominative)
मन्त्रिणः (nominative plural)
मन्त्रिन् (singular vocative)
मन्त्रिणौ (dual vocative)
मन्त्रिणा1 (dual vocative)
मन्त्रिणः (plural vocative)
मन्त्रिणम् (accusative singular)
मन्त्रिणौ (accusative dual)
मन्त्रिणा1 (accusative dual)
मन्त्रिणः (accusative plural)
मन्त्रिणा (instrumental singular)
मन्त्रिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मन्त्रिभिः (instrumental plural)
मन्त्रिणे (dative singular)
मन्त्रिभ्याम् (dative dual)
मन्त्रिभ्यः (dative plural)
मन्त्रिणः (ablative singular)
मन्त्रिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मन्त्रिभ्यः (ablative plural)
मन्त्रिणः (genitive singular)
मन्त्रिणोः (dual genitive)
मन्त्रिणाम् (genitive plural)
मन्त्रिणि (locative singular)
मन्त्रिणोः (dual locative)
मन्त्रिषु (locative plural)

desctree

Pali: mantin
→ Minangkabau:
→ Indonesian: manti
→? Lao: ມົນຕີ (mon tī) (learned)

→ Bengali: মন্ত্রী (montri)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: मंत्री (mantrī)

Urdu: منتری (mantrī)

→ Khmer: មន្ត្រី (mŭəntrəy)

→ Malay: menteri (منتري)
Indonesian: menteri
→ Portuguese: mandarim (see there for further descendants)

→ Malayalam: മന്ത്രി (mantri)

→ Old Gujarati: मंत्री (maṃtrī)

→ Old Javanese: mantrī → mantri

Javanese: ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ (mantri)

→ Indonesian: mantri

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੰਤਰੀ (mantrī)

Shahmukhi script: منتری (mantrī)

→ Tamil: மந்திரி (mantiri)

→ Telugu: మంత్రి (mantri)

→ Thai: มนตรี (mon-dtrii)

a minister, councilor, king's counselor, scholar (especially within artistic or intellectual circles)


कठिन

kaṭhina (romanization)
कठिनः (nominative singular)
कठिनौ (dual nominative)
कठिना1 (dual nominative)
कठिनाः (nominative plural)
कठिनासः1 (nominative plural)
कठिन (singular vocative)
कठिनौ (dual vocative)
कठिना1 (dual vocative)
कठिनाः (plural vocative)
कठिनासः1 (plural vocative)
कठिनम् (accusative singular)
कठिनौ (accusative dual)
कठिना1 (accusative dual)
कठिनान् (accusative plural)
कठिनेन (instrumental singular)
कठिनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कठिनैः (instrumental plural)
कठिनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कठिनाय (dative singular)
कठिनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कठिनेभ्यः (dative plural)
कठिनात् (ablative singular)
कठिनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कठिनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कठिनस्य (genitive singular)
कठिनयोः (dual genitive)
कठिनानाम् (genitive plural)
कठिने (locative singular)
कठिनयोः (dual locative)
कठिनेषु (locative plural)
कठिना (nominative singular)
कठिने (dual nominative)
कठिनाः (nominative plural)
कठिने (singular vocative)
कठिने (dual vocative)
कठिनाः (plural vocative)
कठिनाम् (accusative singular)
कठिने (accusative dual)
कठिनाः (accusative plural)
कठिनया (instrumental singular)
कठिना1 (instrumental singular)
कठिनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कठिनाभिः (instrumental plural)
कठिनायै (dative singular)
कठिनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कठिनाभ्यः (dative plural)
कठिनायाः (ablative singular)
कठिनायै2 (ablative singular)
कठिनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कठिनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कठिनायाः (genitive singular)
कठिनायै2 (genitive singular)
कठिनयोः (dual genitive)
कठिनानाम् (genitive plural)
कठिनायाम् (locative singular)
कठिनयोः (dual locative)
कठिनासु (locative plural)
कठिनम् (nominative singular)
कठिने (dual nominative)
कठिनानि (nominative plural)
कठिना1 (nominative plural)
कठिन (singular vocative)
कठिने (dual vocative)
कठिनानि (plural vocative)
कठिना1 (plural vocative)
कठिनम् (accusative singular)
कठिने (accusative dual)
कठिनानि (accusative plural)
कठिना1 (accusative plural)
कठिनेन (instrumental singular)
कठिनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कठिनैः (instrumental plural)
कठिनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कठिनाय (dative singular)
कठिनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कठिनेभ्यः (dative plural)
कठिनात् (ablative singular)
कठिनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कठिनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कठिनस्य (genitive singular)
कठिनयोः (dual genitive)
कठिनानाम् (genitive plural)
कठिने (locative singular)
कठिनयोः (dual locative)
कठिनेषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: কঠিন (koṭhin)

→ Hindi: कठिन (kaṭhin)

→ Kannada: ಕಠಿಣ (kaṭhiṇa)

→ Malayalam: കഠിനം (kaṭhinaṁ)

→ Marathi: कठीण (kaṭhīṇ)

→ Tamil: கடினம் (kaṭiṉam)

→ Telugu: కఠినము (kaṭhinamu)

Probably from the root कठ् (kaṭh, “to live in distress”).


उचित

ucitá (romanization)
उचितः (nominative singular)
उचितौ (dual nominative)
उचिता1 (dual nominative)
उचिताः (nominative plural)
उचितासः1 (nominative plural)
उचित (singular vocative)
उचितौ (dual vocative)
उचिता1 (dual vocative)
उचिताः (plural vocative)
उचितासः1 (plural vocative)
उचितम् (accusative singular)
उचितौ (accusative dual)
उचिता1 (accusative dual)
उचितान् (accusative plural)
उचितेन (instrumental singular)
उचिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उचितैः (instrumental plural)
उचितेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उचिताय (dative singular)
उचिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
उचितेभ्यः (dative plural)
उचितात् (ablative singular)
उचिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उचितेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उचितस्य (genitive singular)
उचितयोः (dual genitive)
उचितानाम् (genitive plural)
उचिते (locative singular)
उचितयोः (dual locative)
उचितेषु (locative plural)
उचिता (nominative singular)
उचिते (dual nominative)
उचिताः (nominative plural)
उचिते (singular vocative)
उचिते (dual vocative)
उचिताः (plural vocative)
उचिताम् (accusative singular)
उचिते (accusative dual)
उचिताः (accusative plural)
उचितया (instrumental singular)
उचिता1 (instrumental singular)
उचिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उचिताभिः (instrumental plural)
उचितायै (dative singular)
उचिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
उचिताभ्यः (dative plural)
उचितायाः (ablative singular)
उचितायै2 (ablative singular)
उचिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उचिताभ्यः (ablative plural)
उचितायाः (genitive singular)
उचितायै2 (genitive singular)
उचितयोः (dual genitive)
उचितानाम् (genitive plural)
उचितायाम् (locative singular)
उचितयोः (dual locative)
उचितासु (locative plural)
उचितम् (nominative singular)
उचिते (dual nominative)
उचितानि (nominative plural)
उचिता1 (nominative plural)
उचित (singular vocative)
उचिते (dual vocative)
उचितानि (plural vocative)
उचिता1 (plural vocative)
उचितम् (accusative singular)
उचिते (accusative dual)
उचितानि (accusative plural)
उचिता1 (accusative plural)
उचितेन (instrumental singular)
उचिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उचितैः (instrumental plural)
उचितेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उचिताय (dative singular)
उचिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
उचितेभ्यः (dative plural)
उचितात् (ablative singular)
उचिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उचितेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उचितस्य (genitive singular)
उचितयोः (dual genitive)
उचितानाम् (genitive plural)
उचिते (locative singular)
उचितयोः (dual locative)
उचितेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hućitás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hučitás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁uk-i-tós, from *h₁ewk- (“to be accustomed”). Cognate with Lithuanian jùnkti (“to learn”), Old Church Slavonic оучити (učiti), Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌷𐍄𐍃 (biūhts, “accustomed to”), Old Armenian ուսանիմ (usanim, “to learn”). The Sanskrit root is उच् (uc).


कमर

kamara (romanization)
कमरः (nominative singular)
कमरौ (dual nominative)
कमरा1 (dual nominative)
कमराः (nominative plural)
कमरासः1 (nominative plural)
कमर (singular vocative)
कमरौ (dual vocative)
कमरा1 (dual vocative)
कमराः (plural vocative)
कमरासः1 (plural vocative)
कमरम् (accusative singular)
कमरौ (accusative dual)
कमरा1 (accusative dual)
कमरान् (accusative plural)
कमरेण (instrumental singular)
कमराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कमरैः (instrumental plural)
कमरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कमराय (dative singular)
कमराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कमरेभ्यः (dative plural)
कमरात् (ablative singular)
कमराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कमरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कमरस्य (genitive singular)
कमरयोः (dual genitive)
कमराणाम् (genitive plural)
कमरे (locative singular)
कमरयोः (dual locative)
कमरेषु (locative plural)
कमरा (nominative singular)
कमरे (dual nominative)
कमराः (nominative plural)
कमरे (singular vocative)
कमरे (dual vocative)
कमराः (plural vocative)
कमराम् (accusative singular)
कमरे (accusative dual)
कमराः (accusative plural)
कमरया (instrumental singular)
कमरा1 (instrumental singular)
कमराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कमराभिः (instrumental plural)
कमरायै (dative singular)
कमराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कमराभ्यः (dative plural)
कमरायाः (ablative singular)
कमरायै2 (ablative singular)
कमराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कमराभ्यः (ablative plural)
कमरायाः (genitive singular)
कमरायै2 (genitive singular)
कमरयोः (dual genitive)
कमराणाम् (genitive plural)
कमरायाम् (locative singular)
कमरयोः (dual locative)
कमरासु (locative plural)
कमरम् (nominative singular)
कमरे (dual nominative)
कमराणि (nominative plural)
कमरा1 (nominative plural)
कमर (singular vocative)
कमरे (dual vocative)
कमराणि (plural vocative)
कमरा1 (plural vocative)
कमरम् (accusative singular)
कमरे (accusative dual)
कमराणि (accusative plural)
कमरा1 (accusative plural)
कमरेण (instrumental singular)
कमराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कमरैः (instrumental plural)
कमरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कमराय (dative singular)
कमराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कमरेभ्यः (dative plural)
कमरात् (ablative singular)
कमराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कमरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कमरस्य (genitive singular)
कमरयोः (dual genitive)
कमराणाम् (genitive plural)
कमरे (locative singular)
कमरयोः (dual locative)
कमरेषु (locative plural)

From कम् (kam, “to desire, love, lust for”, root), from काम (kā́ma, “desire, love, lust”), from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂-mo-s.


कन्या

kanyā̀ (romanization)
कन्या (nominative singular)
कन्ये (dual nominative)
कन्याः (nominative plural)
कन्ये (singular vocative)
कन्ये (dual vocative)
कन्याः (plural vocative)
कन्याम् (accusative singular)
कन्ये (accusative dual)
कन्याः (accusative plural)
कन्यया (instrumental singular)
कन्या1 (instrumental singular)
कन्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कन्याभिः (instrumental plural)
कन्यायै (dative singular)
कन्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कन्याभ्यः (dative plural)
कन्यायाः (ablative singular)
कन्यायै2 (ablative singular)
कन्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कन्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
कन्यायाः (genitive singular)
कन्यायै2 (genitive singular)
कन्ययोः (dual genitive)
कन्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कन्यायाम् (locative singular)
कन्ययोः (dual locative)
कन्यासु (locative plural)

Balinese: ᬓᬦ᭄ᬬ (kanya)

Gandhari: 𐨐𐨎𐨙 (kaṃña)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (kaṇṇā)

desctree

Pali: kaññā
→ Burmese: ကညာ (ka.nya)
→ Shan: ၵၼ်ႇၺႃႇ (kàn nyàa)
→ Khmer: កញ្ញា (kaññaa)

→ Kannada: ಕನ್ಯೆ (kanye)

→ Burmese: ကန် (kan)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: कन्या (kanyā)

Urdu: کنیا (kanyā)

→ Lü: ᦂᧃᦍᦱ (k̇anyaa)

→ Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: कन्या (kanyā)

Modi script: 𑘎𑘡𑘿𑘧𑘰 (kanyā)

→ Telugu: కన్య (kanya)

→ Thai: กันยา (gan-yaa)

→ Bhojpuri: 𑂍𑂢𑂱𑂨𑂰 (kaniyā)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kanyáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kanyáH (“maiden, virgin, unmarried girl”), from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬁 (kaniiā, “maiden”), Middle Persian [script needed] (knykʿ /kanīg/) (whence Persian کنیز (kaniz)), Latin re-cēns (“recent; fresh; young”), Ancient Greek καινός (kainós, “new”).

cog

क॒न्या॑ इव वह॒तुमेत॒वा उ॑ अ॒ञ्ज्य॑ञ्जा॒ना अ॒भि चा॑कशीमि।
यत्र॒ सोम॑: सू॒यते॒ यत्र॑ य॒ज्ञो घृ॒तस्य॒ धारा॑ अ॒भि तत्प॑वन्ते॥
kanyā̀ iva vahatúmétavā́ u añjyàñjānā́ abhí cākaśīmi.

As maidens dock themselves with gay adornment to join the bridal feast, I now behold them.
Where Soma flows and sacrifice is ready, thither the streams of holy oil are running.

yátra sóma: sūyáte yátra yajñó ghṛtásya dhā́rā abhí tátpavante.

(astrology) the sign of the zodiac Virgo


धृतराष्ट्र

sa-prop

धृतराष्ट्र • (dhṛtarāṣṭra) stem, m

dhṛtarāṣṭra (romanization)
धृतराष्ट्रः (nominative singular)
धृतराष्ट्रौ (dual nominative)
धृतराष्ट्रा1 (dual nominative)
धृतराष्ट्राः (nominative plural)
धृतराष्ट्रासः1 (nominative plural)
धृतराष्ट्र (singular vocative)
धृतराष्ट्रौ (dual vocative)
धृतराष्ट्रा1 (dual vocative)
धृतराष्ट्राः (plural vocative)
धृतराष्ट्रासः1 (plural vocative)
धृतराष्ट्रम् (accusative singular)
धृतराष्ट्रौ (accusative dual)
धृतराष्ट्रा1 (accusative dual)
धृतराष्ट्रान् (accusative plural)
धृतराष्ट्रेण (instrumental singular)
धृतराष्ट्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धृतराष्ट्रैः (instrumental plural)
धृतराष्ट्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
धृतराष्ट्राय (dative singular)
धृतराष्ट्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
धृतराष्ट्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
धृतराष्ट्रात् (ablative singular)
धृतराष्ट्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धृतराष्ट्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
धृतराष्ट्रस्य (genitive singular)
धृतराष्ट्रयोः (dual genitive)
धृतराष्ट्राणाम् (genitive plural)
धृतराष्ट्रे (locative singular)
धृतराष्ट्रयोः (dual locative)
धृतराष्ट्रेषु (locative plural)

/dʱr̩.tɐ.ɾɑːʂ.ʈɾɐ́/

/d̪ʱr̩.t̪ɐˈɾɑːʂ.ʈɾɐ/

Compound of धृत (dhṛtá, “held”) + राष्ट्र (rāṣtrá, “nation”).

com+

(Hinduism) King of Hastinapura, husband of Gandhari, and the father of the Kauravas.


अल्लाह

allāha (romanization)
अल्लाहः (nominative singular)
अल्लाहौ (dual nominative)
अल्लाहा1 (dual nominative)
अल्लाहाः (nominative plural)
अल्लाहासः1 (nominative plural)
अल्लाह (singular vocative)
अल्लाहौ (dual vocative)
अल्लाहा1 (dual vocative)
अल्लाहाः (plural vocative)
अल्लाहासः1 (plural vocative)
अल्लाहम् (accusative singular)
अल्लाहौ (accusative dual)
अल्लाहा1 (accusative dual)
अल्लाहान् (accusative plural)
अल्लाहेन (instrumental singular)
अल्लाहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अल्लाहैः (instrumental plural)
अल्लाहेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अल्लाहाय (dative singular)
अल्लाहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अल्लाहेभ्यः (dative plural)
अल्लाहात् (ablative singular)
अल्लाहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अल्लाहेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अल्लाहस्य (genitive singular)
अल्लाहयोः (dual genitive)
अल्लाहानाम् (genitive plural)
अल्लाहे (locative singular)
अल्लाहयोः (dual locative)
अल्लाहेषु (locative plural)

/ɐl̪ˈl̪ɑː.ɦɐ/

From Hindustani اَللّٰہ (allāh) / अल्लाह (allāh).


हल

halá (romanization)
हलः (nominative singular)
हलौ (dual nominative)
हला1 (dual nominative)
हलाः (nominative plural)
हलासः1 (nominative plural)
हल (singular vocative)
हलौ (dual vocative)
हला1 (dual vocative)
हलाः (plural vocative)
हलासः1 (plural vocative)
हलम् (accusative singular)
हलौ (accusative dual)
हला1 (accusative dual)
हलान् (accusative plural)
हलेन (instrumental singular)
हलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हलैः (instrumental plural)
हलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हलाय (dative singular)
हलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हलेभ्यः (dative plural)
हलात् (ablative singular)
हलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हलस्य (genitive singular)
हलयोः (dual genitive)
हलानाम् (genitive plural)
हले (locative singular)
हलयोः (dual locative)
हलेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: haw

Pali: hala

Prakrit: 𑀳𑀮 (hala) (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Javanese: hala (see there for further descendants)

→ Tamil: அலம் (alam)

→ Telugu: హలము (halamu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₁ol-
Sanskrit हल (hala)
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰHalás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰHalás, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₁ol- (“pole, bar of wood”). Cognate with Old Armenian ձող (joł, “pole, bar”) and Lithuanian žúolis (“railroad tie”).


जङ्गल

jaṅgala (romanization)
जङ्गलः (nominative singular)
जङ्गलौ (dual nominative)
जङ्गला1 (dual nominative)
जङ्गलाः (nominative plural)
जङ्गलासः1 (nominative plural)
जङ्गल (singular vocative)
जङ्गलौ (dual vocative)
जङ्गला1 (dual vocative)
जङ्गलाः (plural vocative)
जङ्गलासः1 (plural vocative)
जङ्गलम् (accusative singular)
जङ्गलौ (accusative dual)
जङ्गला1 (accusative dual)
जङ्गलान् (accusative plural)
जङ्गलेन (instrumental singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जङ्गलैः (instrumental plural)
जङ्गलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जङ्गलाय (dative singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जङ्गलेभ्यः (dative plural)
जङ्गलात् (ablative singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जङ्गलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जङ्गलस्य (genitive singular)
जङ्गलयोः (dual genitive)
जङ्गलानाम् (genitive plural)
जङ्गले (locative singular)
जङ्गलयोः (dual locative)
जङ्गलेषु (locative plural)
जङ्गला (nominative singular)
जङ्गले (dual nominative)
जङ्गलाः (nominative plural)
जङ्गले (singular vocative)
जङ्गले (dual vocative)
जङ्गलाः (plural vocative)
जङ्गलाम् (accusative singular)
जङ्गले (accusative dual)
जङ्गलाः (accusative plural)
जङ्गलया (instrumental singular)
जङ्गला1 (instrumental singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जङ्गलाभिः (instrumental plural)
जङ्गलायै (dative singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जङ्गलाभ्यः (dative plural)
जङ्गलायाः (ablative singular)
जङ्गलायै2 (ablative singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जङ्गलाभ्यः (ablative plural)
जङ्गलायाः (genitive singular)
जङ्गलायै2 (genitive singular)
जङ्गलयोः (dual genitive)
जङ्गलानाम् (genitive plural)
जङ्गलायाम् (locative singular)
जङ्गलयोः (dual locative)
जङ्गलासु (locative plural)
जङ्गलम् (nominative singular)
जङ्गले (dual nominative)
जङ्गलानि (nominative plural)
जङ्गला1 (nominative plural)
जङ्गल (singular vocative)
जङ्गले (dual vocative)
जङ्गलानि (plural vocative)
जङ्गला1 (plural vocative)
जङ्गलम् (accusative singular)
जङ्गले (accusative dual)
जङ्गलानि (accusative plural)
जङ्गला1 (accusative plural)
जङ्गलेन (instrumental singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जङ्गलैः (instrumental plural)
जङ्गलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जङ्गलाय (dative singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जङ्गलेभ्यः (dative plural)
जङ्गलात् (ablative singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जङ्गलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जङ्गलस्य (genitive singular)
जङ्गलयोः (dual genitive)
जङ्गलानाम् (genitive plural)
जङ्गले (locative singular)
जङ्गलयोः (dual locative)
जङ्गलेषु (locative plural)

/d͡ʑɐŋ.ɡɐ.lɐ/

/ˈd͡ʑɐŋ.ɡɐ.l̪ɐ/

From a substrate, possibly Dravidian or Munda, origin. Compare Kannada ಜಂಗಲ್ (jaṅgaḷi, “mass, assemblage”)


जङ्गल

jaṅgala (romanization)
जङ्गलम् (nominative singular)
जङ्गले (dual nominative)
जङ्गलानि (nominative plural)
जङ्गला1 (nominative plural)
जङ्गल (singular vocative)
जङ्गले (dual vocative)
जङ्गलानि (plural vocative)
जङ्गला1 (plural vocative)
जङ्गलम् (accusative singular)
जङ्गले (accusative dual)
जङ्गलानि (accusative plural)
जङ्गला1 (accusative plural)
जङ्गलेन (instrumental singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जङ्गलैः (instrumental plural)
जङ्गलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जङ्गलाय (dative singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जङ्गलेभ्यः (dative plural)
जङ्गलात् (ablative singular)
जङ्गलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जङ्गलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जङ्गलस्य (genitive singular)
जङ्गलयोः (dual genitive)
जङ्गलानाम् (genitive plural)
जङ्गले (locative singular)
जङ्गलयोः (dual locative)
जङ्गलेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: জঙ্গল (zoṅgol)

Bengali: জঙ্গল (joṅgol)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀮 (jaṃgala)

Marathi: जंगल (jaṅgal)

Pali: jaṅgala

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀮 (jaṃgala)

Gujarati: જંગલ (jaṅgal)

Hindustani:

Hindi: जंगल (jaṅgal)

Urdu: جنگل (jaṅgal)

Nepali: जङ्गल (jaṅgal)

→ Kannada: ಜಂಗಲು (jaṅgalu)

→ Malay: jenggala

→ Old Javanese: jaṅgala

→ Tamil: ஜங்கிள் (jaṅkiḷ)

→ Telugu: జంగిల్ (jaṅgil)

→ Esperanto: ĝangalo

→ Persian: جنگل (jangal) (see there for further descendants)

/d͡ʑɐŋ.ɡɐ.lɐ/

/ˈd͡ʑɐŋ.ɡɐ.l̪ɐ/

जङ्गलपथ जङ्गलपथ#Sanskrit

any arid or sterile region, desert (= जङ्गलपथ (jaṅgala-patha))

जाङ्गल जाङ्गल#Hindi

an area sparingly grown with trees and plants, a wild or savage area (see जाङ्गल (jāṅgal))

uncultivated, inhospitable area more or less covered by vegetation

जङ्गुल जङ्गुल#Sanskrit


मृग

mṛgá (romanization)
मृगः (nominative singular)
मृगौ (dual nominative)
मृगा1 (dual nominative)
मृगाः (nominative plural)
मृगासः1 (nominative plural)
मृग (singular vocative)
मृगौ (dual vocative)
मृगा1 (dual vocative)
मृगाः (plural vocative)
मृगासः1 (plural vocative)
मृगम् (accusative singular)
मृगौ (accusative dual)
मृगा1 (accusative dual)
मृगान् (accusative plural)
मृगेण (instrumental singular)
मृगाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मृगैः (instrumental plural)
मृगेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मृगाय (dative singular)
मृगाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मृगेभ्यः (dative plural)
मृगात् (ablative singular)
मृगाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मृगेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मृगस्य (genitive singular)
मृगयोः (dual genitive)
मृगाणाम् (genitive plural)
मृगे (locative singular)
मृगयोः (dual locative)
मृगेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: mru (“mountain goat”)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀺𑀅 (mia)

Pali: maga, miga

→ Thai: มิคะ (mí-ká)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀅 (maa)

→ Bengali: মৃগ (mrig, “deer”)

→ Kannada: ಮೃಗ (mṛga)

→ Malayalam: മൃഗം (mr̥gaṁ)

→ Tamil: மிருகம் (mirukam)

→ Thai: มฤค (má-rʉ́k)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥gás (“forest animal”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬖𐬀 (mər^əγa, “bird”), Sogdian 𐼺𐽀𐼲𐼷 (mrɣy, “bird”). Also related to Persian مرغ (morğ, “hen”).

धा॒रा॒व॒रा म॒रुतो॑ धृ॒ष्ण्वो॑जसो मृ॒गा न भी॒मास्तवि॑षीभिर॒र्चिन॑:।
अ॒ग्नयो॒ न शु॑शुचा॒ना ऋ॑जी॒षिणो॒ भृमिं॒ धम॑न्तो॒ अप॒ गा अ॑वृण्वत॥
dhārāvarā́ marúto dhṛṣṇvòjaso mṛgā́ ná bhīmā́stáviṣībhirarcína:.

The Maruts, shedders of showers, endowed with resistless might, like formidable wild beasts, reverencing the world by their energies, resplendent as fires, laden with water, and blowing about the wandering cloud, give vent to its collected rain.

agnáyo ná śuśucānā́ ṛjīṣíṇo bhṛ́miṃ dhámanto ápa gā́ avṛṇvata.

(especially) a deer, gazelle, antelope, stag, musk-deer


बुलबुल

bulabula (romanization)
बुलबुलः (nominative singular)
बुलबुलौ (dual nominative)
बुलबुलाः (nominative plural)
बुलबुल (singular vocative)
बुलबुलौ (dual vocative)
बुलबुलाः (plural vocative)
बुलबुलम् (accusative singular)
बुलबुलौ (accusative dual)
बुलबुलान् (accusative plural)
बुलबुलेन (instrumental singular)
बुलबुलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बुलबुलैः (instrumental plural)
बुलबुलाय (dative singular)
बुलबुलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बुलबुलेभ्यः (dative plural)
बुलबुलात् (ablative singular)
बुलबुलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बुलबुलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बुलबुलस्य (genitive singular)
बुलबुलयोः (dual genitive)
बुलबुलानाम् (genitive plural)
बुलबुले (locative singular)
बुलबुलयोः (dual locative)
बुलबुलेषु (locative plural)

अस्मिता — अपि सन्ति बुलबुलाः अत्र?
 नियामकः — तेऽपि सन्ति। शृणु, शृणु बुलबुलगानं पेरुकवाटिकायाम्।

Asmitā — Are there nightingales here too?
 Niyāmaka — They are there too. Listen, listen to the nightingale-song in Perukavāṭikā.

asmitā — api santi bulabulāḥ atra?
 niyāmakaḥ — teʼpi santi. śṛṇu, śṛṇu bulabulagānaṃ perukavāṭikāyām.


कार

kāra (romanization)
कारः (nominative singular)
कारौ (dual nominative)
कारा1 (dual nominative)
काराः (nominative plural)
कारासः1 (nominative plural)
कार (singular vocative)
कारौ (dual vocative)
कारा1 (dual vocative)
काराः (plural vocative)
कारासः1 (plural vocative)
कारम् (accusative singular)
कारौ (accusative dual)
कारा1 (accusative dual)
कारान् (accusative plural)
कारेण (instrumental singular)
काराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कारैः (instrumental plural)
कारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
काराय (dative singular)
काराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कारेभ्यः (dative plural)
कारात् (ablative singular)
काराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कारस्य (genitive singular)
कारयोः (dual genitive)
काराणाम् (genitive plural)
कारे (locative singular)
कारयोः (dual locative)
कारेषु (locative plural)

the term used in designating a letter or sound or indeclinable word

a heap of snow or a mountain covered with it


कार

kāra (romanization)
कारः (nominative singular)
कारौ (dual nominative)
कारा1 (dual nominative)
काराः (nominative plural)
कारासः1 (nominative plural)
कार (singular vocative)
कारौ (dual vocative)
कारा1 (dual vocative)
काराः (plural vocative)
कारासः1 (plural vocative)
कारम् (accusative singular)
कारौ (accusative dual)
कारा1 (accusative dual)
कारान् (accusative plural)
कारेण (instrumental singular)
काराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कारैः (instrumental plural)
कारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
काराय (dative singular)
काराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कारेभ्यः (dative plural)
कारात् (ablative singular)
काराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कारस्य (genitive singular)
कारयोः (dual genitive)
काराणाम् (genitive plural)
कारे (locative singular)
कारयोः (dual locative)
कारेषु (locative plural)
कारी (nominative singular)
कार्यौ (dual nominative)
कारी1 (dual nominative)
कार्यः (nominative plural)
कारीः1 (nominative plural)
कारि (singular vocative)
कार्यौ (dual vocative)
कारी1 (dual vocative)
कार्यः (plural vocative)
कारीः1 (plural vocative)
कारीम् (accusative singular)
कार्यौ (accusative dual)
कारी1 (accusative dual)
कारीः (accusative plural)
कार्या (instrumental singular)
कारीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कारीभिः (instrumental plural)
कार्यै (dative singular)
कारीभ्याम् (dative dual)
कारीभ्यः (dative plural)
कार्याः (ablative singular)
कार्यै2 (ablative singular)
कारीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कारीभ्यः (ablative plural)
कार्याः (genitive singular)
कार्यै2 (genitive singular)
कार्योः (dual genitive)
कारीणाम् (genitive plural)
कार्याम् (locative singular)
कार्योः (dual locative)
कारीषु (locative plural)
कारम् (nominative singular)
कारे (dual nominative)
काराणि (nominative plural)
कारा1 (nominative plural)
कार (singular vocative)
कारे (dual vocative)
काराणि (plural vocative)
कारा1 (plural vocative)
कारम् (accusative singular)
कारे (accusative dual)
काराणि (accusative plural)
कारा1 (accusative plural)
कारेण (instrumental singular)
काराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कारैः (instrumental plural)
कारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
काराय (dative singular)
काराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कारेभ्यः (dative plural)
कारात् (ablative singular)
काराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कारस्य (genitive singular)
कारयोः (dual genitive)
काराणाम् (genitive plural)
कारे (locative singular)
कारयोः (dual locative)
कारेषु (locative plural)


दैव

daíva (romanization)
daivá (romanization)
दैवः (nominative singular)
दैवौ (dual nominative)
दैवा1 (dual nominative)
दैवाः (nominative plural)
दैवासः1 (nominative plural)
दैव (singular vocative)
दैवौ (dual vocative)
दैवा1 (dual vocative)
दैवाः (plural vocative)
दैवासः1 (plural vocative)
दैवम् (accusative singular)
दैवौ (accusative dual)
दैवा1 (accusative dual)
दैवान् (accusative plural)
दैवेन (instrumental singular)
दैवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दैवैः (instrumental plural)
दैवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दैवाय (dative singular)
दैवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दैवेभ्यः (dative plural)
दैवात् (ablative singular)
दैवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दैवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दैवस्य (genitive singular)
दैवयोः (dual genitive)
दैवानाम् (genitive plural)
दैवे (locative singular)
दैवयोः (dual locative)
दैवेषु (locative plural)
दैवा (nominative singular)
दैवे (dual nominative)
दैवाः (nominative plural)
दैवे (singular vocative)
दैवे (dual vocative)
दैवाः (plural vocative)
दैवाम् (accusative singular)
दैवे (accusative dual)
दैवाः (accusative plural)
दैवया (instrumental singular)
दैवा1 (instrumental singular)
दैवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दैवाभिः (instrumental plural)
दैवायै (dative singular)
दैवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दैवाभ्यः (dative plural)
दैवायाः (ablative singular)
दैवायै2 (ablative singular)
दैवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दैवाभ्यः (ablative plural)
दैवायाः (genitive singular)
दैवायै2 (genitive singular)
दैवयोः (dual genitive)
दैवानाम् (genitive plural)
दैवायाम् (locative singular)
दैवयोः (dual locative)
दैवासु (locative plural)
दैवम् (nominative singular)
दैवे (dual nominative)
दैवानि (nominative plural)
दैवा1 (nominative plural)
दैव (singular vocative)
दैवे (dual vocative)
दैवानि (plural vocative)
दैवा1 (plural vocative)
दैवम् (accusative singular)
दैवे (accusative dual)
दैवानि (accusative plural)
दैवा1 (accusative plural)
दैवेन (instrumental singular)
दैवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दैवैः (instrumental plural)
दैवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दैवाय (dative singular)
दैवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दैवेभ्यः (dative plural)
दैवात् (ablative singular)
दैवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दैवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दैवस्य (genitive singular)
दैवयोः (dual genitive)
दैवानाम् (genitive plural)
दैवे (locative singular)
दैवयोः (dual locative)
दैवेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: দৈব (doibo)

→ Bengali: দৈব (dōib)

→ Gujarati: દૈવ (daiv)

→ Hindi: दैव (daiv)

→ Kannada: ದೈವ (daiva)

→ Malayalam: ദൈവം (daivaṁ)

→ Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: दैव (daiva)

Modi script: 𑘟𑘺𑘪 (daiva)

→ Telugu: దైవ (daiva)

⇒ Telugu: దైవము (daivamu)

belonging to or coming from the gods, divine, celestial


शाल

sa-adj

शाल • (śālá) stem

śālá (romanization)
शालः (nominative singular)
शालौ (dual nominative)
शाला1 (dual nominative)
शालाः (nominative plural)
शालासः1 (nominative plural)
शाल (singular vocative)
शालौ (dual vocative)
शाला1 (dual vocative)
शालाः (plural vocative)
शालासः1 (plural vocative)
शालम् (accusative singular)
शालौ (accusative dual)
शाला1 (accusative dual)
शालान् (accusative plural)
शालेन (instrumental singular)
शालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शालैः (instrumental plural)
शालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शालाय (dative singular)
शालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शालेभ्यः (dative plural)
शालात् (ablative singular)
शालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शालस्य (genitive singular)
शालयोः (dual genitive)
शालानाम् (genitive plural)
शाले (locative singular)
शालयोः (dual locative)
शालेषु (locative plural)
शाला (nominative singular)
शाले (dual nominative)
शालाः (nominative plural)
शाले (singular vocative)
शाले (dual vocative)
शालाः (plural vocative)
शालाम् (accusative singular)
शाले (accusative dual)
शालाः (accusative plural)
शालया (instrumental singular)
शाला1 (instrumental singular)
शालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शालाभिः (instrumental plural)
शालायै (dative singular)
शालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शालाभ्यः (dative plural)
शालायाः (ablative singular)
शालायै2 (ablative singular)
शालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शालाभ्यः (ablative plural)
शालायाः (genitive singular)
शालायै2 (genitive singular)
शालयोः (dual genitive)
शालानाम् (genitive plural)
शालायाम् (locative singular)
शालयोः (dual locative)
शालासु (locative plural)
शालम् (nominative singular)
शाले (dual nominative)
शालानि (nominative plural)
शाला1 (nominative plural)
शाल (singular vocative)
शाले (dual vocative)
शालानि (plural vocative)
शाला1 (plural vocative)
शालम् (accusative singular)
शाले (accusative dual)
शालानि (accusative plural)
शाला1 (accusative plural)
शालेन (instrumental singular)
शालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शालैः (instrumental plural)
शालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शालाय (dative singular)
शालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शालेभ्यः (dative plural)
शालात् (ablative singular)
शालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शालस्य (genitive singular)
शालयोः (dual genitive)
शालानाम् (genitive plural)
शाले (locative singular)
शालयोः (dual locative)
शालेषु (locative plural)


शाल

śālá (romanization)
शालः (nominative singular)
शालौ (dual nominative)
शाला1 (dual nominative)
शालाः (nominative plural)
शालासः1 (nominative plural)
शाल (singular vocative)
शालौ (dual vocative)
शाला1 (dual vocative)
शालाः (plural vocative)
शालासः1 (plural vocative)
शालम् (accusative singular)
शालौ (accusative dual)
शाला1 (accusative dual)
शालान् (accusative plural)
शालेन (instrumental singular)
शालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शालैः (instrumental plural)
शालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शालाय (dative singular)
शालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शालेभ्यः (dative plural)
शालात् (ablative singular)
शालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शालस्य (genitive singular)
शालयोः (dual genitive)
शालानाम् (genitive plural)
शाले (locative singular)
शालयोः (dual locative)
शालेषु (locative plural)

Shorea robusta
Shorea robusta#Translingual

Channa striata
Channa striata#Translingual

a kind of fish (Channa striata, syn. Ophiocephalus wrahl)

an enclosure, court, fence, rampart, wall


दीन

dīná (romanization)
दीनः (nominative singular)
दीनौ (dual nominative)
दीना1 (dual nominative)
दीनाः (nominative plural)
दीनासः1 (nominative plural)
दीन (singular vocative)
दीनौ (dual vocative)
दीना1 (dual vocative)
दीनाः (plural vocative)
दीनासः1 (plural vocative)
दीनम् (accusative singular)
दीनौ (accusative dual)
दीना1 (accusative dual)
दीनान् (accusative plural)
दीनेन (instrumental singular)
दीनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दीनैः (instrumental plural)
दीनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दीनाय (dative singular)
दीनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दीनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दीनात् (ablative singular)
दीनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दीनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दीनस्य (genitive singular)
दीनयोः (dual genitive)
दीनानाम् (genitive plural)
दीने (locative singular)
दीनयोः (dual locative)
दीनेषु (locative plural)
दीना (nominative singular)
दीने (dual nominative)
दीनाः (nominative plural)
दीने (singular vocative)
दीने (dual vocative)
दीनाः (plural vocative)
दीनाम् (accusative singular)
दीने (accusative dual)
दीनाः (accusative plural)
दीनया (instrumental singular)
दीना1 (instrumental singular)
दीनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दीनाभिः (instrumental plural)
दीनायै (dative singular)
दीनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दीनाभ्यः (dative plural)
दीनायाः (ablative singular)
दीनायै2 (ablative singular)
दीनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दीनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
दीनायाः (genitive singular)
दीनायै2 (genitive singular)
दीनयोः (dual genitive)
दीनानाम् (genitive plural)
दीनायाम् (locative singular)
दीनयोः (dual locative)
दीनासु (locative plural)
दीनम् (nominative singular)
दीने (dual nominative)
दीनानि (nominative plural)
दीना1 (nominative plural)
दीन (singular vocative)
दीने (dual vocative)
दीनानि (plural vocative)
दीना1 (plural vocative)
दीनम् (accusative singular)
दीने (accusative dual)
दीनानि (accusative plural)
दीना1 (accusative plural)
दीनेन (instrumental singular)
दीनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दीनैः (instrumental plural)
दीनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दीनाय (dative singular)
दीनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दीनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दीनात् (ablative singular)
दीनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दीनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दीनस्य (genitive singular)
दीनयोः (dual genitive)
दीनानाम् (genitive plural)
दीने (locative singular)
दीनयोः (dual locative)
दीनेषु (locative plural)

→ Balinese: ᬤᬷᬦ (dina)

→ Gujarati: દીન (dīn)

→ Hindi: दीन (dīn)

Romani: dilo


किशोर

kiśora (romanization)
किशोरः (nominative singular)
किशोरौ (dual nominative)
किशोराः (nominative plural)
किशोर (singular vocative)
किशोरौ (dual vocative)
किशोराः (plural vocative)
किशोरम् (accusative singular)
किशोरौ (accusative dual)
किशोरान् (accusative plural)
किशोरेन (instrumental singular)
किशोराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
किशोरैः (instrumental plural)
किशोराय (dative singular)
किशोराभ्याम् (dative dual)
किशोरेभ्यः (dative plural)
किशोरात् (ablative singular)
किशोराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
किशोरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
किशोरस्य (genitive singular)
किशोरयोः (dual genitive)
किशोरानाम् (genitive plural)
किशोरे (locative singular)
किशोरयोः (dual locative)
किशोरेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of किशोर

किशोराभ्याम्

किशोराभ्याम्

किशोराभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

किशोराभ्याम्

किशोराभ्याम्

किशोराभ्याम्

→ Hindi: किशोरा (kiśorā)

desc

→ Malayalam: കിശോരൻ (kiśōraṉ), കിശോർ (kiśōṟ)

→ Tocharian B: kiśore


क्षौरी

kṣaurī (romanization)
क्षौरी (nominative singular)
क्षौर्यौ (dual nominative)
क्षौर्यः (nominative plural)
क्षौरि (singular vocative)
क्षौर्यौ (dual vocative)
क्षौर्यः (plural vocative)
क्षौरीम् (accusative singular)
क्षौर्यौ (accusative dual)
क्षौरीः (accusative plural)
क्षौर्या (instrumental singular)
क्षौरीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
क्षौरीभिः (instrumental plural)
क्षौर्यै (dative singular)
क्षौरीभ्याम् (dative dual)
क्षौरीभ्यः (dative plural)
क्षौर्याः (ablative singular)
क्षौरीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
क्षौरीभ्यः (ablative plural)
क्षौर्याः (genitive singular)
क्षौर्योः (dual genitive)
क्षौरीनाम् (genitive plural)
क्षौर्याम् (locative singular)
क्षौर्योः (dual locative)
क्षौरीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of क्षौरी

क्षौरीभ्याम्

क्षौरीभ्याम्

क्षौरीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

क्षौरीभ्याम्

क्षौरीभ्याम्

क्षौरीभ्याम्


क्षौर

kṣaura (romanization)
क्षौरः (nominative singular)
क्षौरौ (dual nominative)
क्षौराः (nominative plural)
क्षौर (singular vocative)
क्षौरौ (dual vocative)
क्षौराः (plural vocative)
क्षौरम् (accusative singular)
क्षौरौ (accusative dual)
क्षौरान् (accusative plural)
क्षौरेन (instrumental singular)
क्षौराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
क्षौरैः (instrumental plural)
क्षौराय (dative singular)
क्षौराभ्याम् (dative dual)
क्षौरेभ्यः (dative plural)
क्षौरात् (ablative singular)
क्षौराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
क्षौरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
क्षौरस्य (genitive singular)
क्षौरयोः (dual genitive)
क्षौरानाम् (genitive plural)
क्षौरे (locative singular)
क्षौरयोः (dual locative)
क्षौरेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of क्षौर

क्षौराभ्याम्

क्षौराभ्याम्

क्षौराभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

क्षौराभ्याम्

क्षौराभ्याम्

क्षौराभ्याम्

Assamese: ক্ষৌৰ (khour)

Bengali: ক্ষৌর (khōur)

Hindi: क्षौर (kṣaur)

Marathi: क्षौर (kṣaur)

Nepali: क्षौर् (kṣaur)

desc

Odia: କ୍ଷୌର (kshaura), ଖିଅର (khiara), ଛଅର (chaara)

Tamil: க்ஷௌரம் (kṣauram)

Telugu: క్షౌరము (kṣauramu)


मित्रा

sa-noun form

मित्रा • (mitrā́)

मित्र मित्र#Sanskrit

masculine nominative/vocative/accusative dual of मित्र (mitrá, “friend”)

मित्र मित्र#Sanskrit

neuter nominative/vocative/accusative plural of मित्र (mitrá, “friend”)

मित्र मित्र#Sanskrit

feminine nominative singular of मित्र (mitrá, “friend”)


इव

→ Hindi: इव (iva) (learned)

Pali: iva

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *éy. Compare Hittite 𒄿𒉿𒅈 (i-wa-ar /iwar/).

8. ප්රමාදමප්රමාදෙන යදා නුදති පණ්ඩිතඃ
ප්රඥාප්රසාදමාරුහ්ය ත්වශොකඃ ශොකිනීං ප්රජාම්
පර්වතස්ථ ඉව භූමිෂ්ඨාන් ධීරො බාලානවෙක්ෂතෙ

(Can we date this quote?), The Buddha, Dhammapada(pāḷi) (subsequently translated from Pali to Sanskrit), Appamādavaɡɡa, page 32; republished in The Eighteenth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Khuddaka-Nikāya, Colombo, 2009:

8. When the astute dispel negligence by means of diligence,
having ascended the palace of wisdom, the sorrow-free then behold this generation of sorrow,
as a wise man on a mountain-top beholds the fools below.

8 Pramādamapramādena yadā nudati paṇḍitaḥ
Prajñāprasādamāruhya tvaśokaḥ śokinīṃ prajām
Parvatastha iva bhūmiṣṭhān dhīro bālānavekṣate

like, in the same manner as (in this sense = यथा (yathā), and used correlatively to तथा (tathā))

पथेव

in a certain manner, in some measure, a little, perhaps (in qualification or mitigation of a strong assertion)

किम् इव

कथम् इव

क्वेव

(as a particle) connected vaguely, and somewhat pleonastically, with an interrogative pronoun or adverb

मुहूर्तम् इव

ईषद् इव

किंचिद् इव

न चिराद् इव

so, just so, just, exactly, indeed, very (especially after words which involve some restriction:)


मेष

मे॒ष (canonical)
meṣá (romanization)
मेषः (nominative singular)
मेषौ (dual nominative)
मेषा1 (dual nominative)
मेषाः (nominative plural)
मेषासः1 (nominative plural)
मेष (singular vocative)
मेषौ (dual vocative)
मेषा1 (dual vocative)
मेषाः (plural vocative)
मेषासः1 (plural vocative)
मेषम् (accusative singular)
मेषौ (accusative dual)
मेषा1 (accusative dual)
मेषान् (accusative plural)
मेषेण (instrumental singular)
मेषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेषैः (instrumental plural)
मेषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मेषाय (dative singular)
मेषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेषेभ्यः (dative plural)
मेषात् (ablative singular)
मेषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेषस्य (genitive singular)
मेषयोः (dual genitive)
मेषाणाम् (genitive plural)
मेषे (locative singular)
मेषयोः (dual locative)
मेषेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: meṣ

Prakrit: 𑀫𑁂𑀲 (mesa) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

→ Burmese: မိဿ (mi.ssa.)

→ Kannada: ಮೇಷ (mēṣa)

→ Khmer: មេសា (meisaa)

→ Hindi: मेष (meṣ)

→ Marathi: मेष (meṣ)

→ Odia: ମେଷ (mesha)

→ Tamil: மேஷம் (mēṣam)

→ Thai: เมษ (mêet)

→ Malayalam: മേഷം (mēṣaṁ), മേടം (mēṭaṁ)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *moysós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *mayšás
Sanskrit मे॒ष (meṣá)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mayšás, from Proto-Indo-European *moysós. Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀 (maēša), Persian میش (miš), Proto-Slavic *mě̑xъ (“leather bag, sack”).

etymon

मे॒ष

cog

त्यं सु मे॒षं म॑हया स्व॒र्विदं॑ श॒तं यस्य॑ सु॒भ्व॑: सा॒कमीर॑ते।
अत्यं॒ न वाजं॑ हवन॒स्यदं॒ रथ॒मेन्द्रं॑ ववृत्या॒मव॑से सुवृ॒क्तिभि॑:॥
tyáṃ sú meṣáṃ mahayā svarvídaṃ śatáṃ yásya subhvà: sākámī́rate.

Worship well that ram who makes heaven known, whom a hundred worshippers at once are assiduous in praising. I implore Indra with many prayers to ascend the car, which hastens like a fleet courser to the sacrificer for my protection.

átyaṃ ná vā́jaṃ havanasyádaṃ ráthaméndraṃ vavṛtyāmávase suvṛktíbhi:.

(astrology) the sign of the zodiac Aries or the first arc of 30 degrees in a circle


राग

rāga (romanization)
रागः (nominative singular)
रागौ (dual nominative)
रागा1 (dual nominative)
रागाः (nominative plural)
रागासः1 (nominative plural)
राग (singular vocative)
रागौ (dual vocative)
रागा1 (dual vocative)
रागाः (plural vocative)
रागासः1 (plural vocative)
रागम् (accusative singular)
रागौ (accusative dual)
रागा1 (accusative dual)
रागान् (accusative plural)
रागेण (instrumental singular)
रागाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रागैः (instrumental plural)
रागेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रागाय (dative singular)
रागाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रागेभ्यः (dative plural)
रागात् (ablative singular)
रागाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रागेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रागस्य (genitive singular)
रागयोः (dual genitive)
रागाणाम् (genitive plural)
रागे (locative singular)
रागयोः (dual locative)
रागेषु (locative plural)

→ English: raga

→ Hindi: राग (rāg) (learned)

→ Kannada: ರಾಗ (rāga)

→ Malayalam: രാഗം (rāgaṁ)

→ Old Marathi: 𑘨𑘰𑘐 (rāga)

Marathi: राग (rāg)

→ Punjabi: ਰਾਗ (rāg)

→ Tamil: இராகம் (irākam)

→ Telugu: రాగము (rāgamu)

→ Urdu: راگ (rāg)

(Vedic) dye, colour, especially red colour

(Classical Sanskrit) beauty, loveliness, especially of a voice or song

(Classical Sanskrit) melody, harmony, "raga"


उमा

Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimum#Translingual

Curcuma longa
Curcuma longa#Translingual


उमा

umā (romanization)
उमा (nominative singular)
उमे (dual nominative)
उमाः (nominative plural)
उमे (singular vocative)
उमे (dual vocative)
उमाः (plural vocative)
उमाम् (accusative singular)
उमे (accusative dual)
उमाः (accusative plural)
उमया (instrumental singular)
उमा1 (instrumental singular)
उमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उमाभिः (instrumental plural)
उमायै (dative singular)
उमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उमाभ्यः (dative plural)
उमायाः (ablative singular)
उमायै2 (ablative singular)
उमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उमाभ्यः (ablative plural)
उमायाः (genitive singular)
उमायै2 (genitive singular)
उमयोः (dual genitive)
उमानाम् (genitive plural)
उमायाम् (locative singular)
उमयोः (dual locative)
उमासु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: उमा (umā)

→ Telugu: ఉమ (uma)


अवतार

ávatāra (romanization)
अवतारः (nominative singular)
अवतारौ (dual nominative)
अवतारा1 (dual nominative)
अवताराः (nominative plural)
अवतारासः1 (nominative plural)
अवतार (singular vocative)
अवतारौ (dual vocative)
अवतारा1 (dual vocative)
अवताराः (plural vocative)
अवतारासः1 (plural vocative)
अवतारम् (accusative singular)
अवतारौ (accusative dual)
अवतारा1 (accusative dual)
अवतारान् (accusative plural)
अवतारेण (instrumental singular)
अवताराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अवतारैः (instrumental plural)
अवतारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अवताराय (dative singular)
अवताराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अवतारेभ्यः (dative plural)
अवतारात् (ablative singular)
अवताराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अवतारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अवतारस्य (genitive singular)
अवतारयोः (dual genitive)
अवताराणाम् (genitive plural)
अवतारे (locative singular)
अवतारयोः (dual locative)
अवतारेषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: অবতার (obotar)

→ Burmese: အဝတာရ (a.wa.tara.)

→ Gujarati: અવતાર (avatār)

desctree

→ Hindi: अवतार (avtār)
→ English: avatar, avatara (rare)
→ Japanese: アバター
→ French: avatar

→ Kannada: ಅವತಾರ (avatāra)

→ Malayalam: അവതാരം (avatāraṁ)

→ Old Javanese: awatāra
→ Balinese: ᬅᬯᬢᬵᬭ (awatara)
→ Indonesian: awatara

→ Old Marathi: 𑘀𑘪𑘝𑘰𑘨 (avatāra)

Marathi: अवतार (avtār)

Punjabi: ਅਵਤਾਰ (avatār)

→ Tamil: அவதாரம் (avatāram)

→ Telugu: అవతారము (avatāramu)

→ Thai: อวตาร (à-wá-dtaan)

→ Urdu: اوتار (avatār)

/ɐ́.ʋɐ.tɑː.ɾɐ/

/ɐ.ʋɐˈt̪ɑː.ɾɐ/

Compound of अव (áva, “down”) + तार (tāra, “across”).

com+

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 12

Madanaś chala|caurāṇāṃ / strī|vacanaṃ jñāti|bhedānām
krūraś caṇḍālānāṃ / †māyāvī kali
The God of love among sneaky thieves, / women’s words among dividers of kinsmen,

c. 1000, Kṣemendra, Kalāvilasā 10.10.21.yug’|âvatārāṇām†;

a cruel one among chandálas, / a necromancer among those incarnated / in the age of darkness;

avatar: descent (especially of a deity from heaven), appearance of any deity upon earth (but more particularly the incarnations of Vishnu in ten principal forms, namely Matsya, Kurma, Varaha, Narasimha, Vamana, Parashurama, Rāma, Krishna, Buddha, and Kalki)

c. 400 CE, Kālidāsa, Raghuvaṃśa 3.36

any distinguished person in the language of respect is called an avatāra or incarnation of a deity

तीर्थ तीर्थ#Sanskrit


वलय

valaya (romanization)
वलयः (nominative singular)
वलयौ (dual nominative)
वलया1 (dual nominative)
वलयाः (nominative plural)
वलयासः1 (nominative plural)
वलय (singular vocative)
वलयौ (dual vocative)
वलया1 (dual vocative)
वलयाः (plural vocative)
वलयासः1 (plural vocative)
वलयम् (accusative singular)
वलयौ (accusative dual)
वलया1 (accusative dual)
वलयान् (accusative plural)
वलयेन (instrumental singular)
वलयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वलयैः (instrumental plural)
वलयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वलयाय (dative singular)
वलयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वलयेभ्यः (dative plural)
वलयात् (ablative singular)
वलयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वलयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वलयस्य (genitive singular)
वलययोः (dual genitive)
वलयानाम् (genitive plural)
वलये (locative singular)
वलययोः (dual locative)
वलयेषु (locative plural)
वलयम् (nominative singular)
वलये (dual nominative)
वलयानि (nominative plural)
वलया1 (nominative plural)
वलय (singular vocative)
वलये (dual vocative)
वलयानि (plural vocative)
वलया1 (plural vocative)
वलयम् (accusative singular)
वलये (accusative dual)
वलयानि (accusative plural)
वलया1 (accusative plural)
वलयेन (instrumental singular)
वलयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वलयैः (instrumental plural)
वलयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वलयाय (dative singular)
वलयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वलयेभ्यः (dative plural)
वलयात् (ablative singular)
वलयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वलयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वलयस्य (genitive singular)
वलययोः (dual genitive)
वलयानाम् (genitive plural)
वलये (locative singular)
वलययोः (dual locative)
वलयेषु (locative plural)

/ˈʋɐ.l̪ɐ.jɐ/

Of uncertain origin.
Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”), per Pokorny. However, later linguists such as Mayrhofer and Persson reject this etymology, preferring to link the word with either वल् (val, “to turn round”) or to Dravidian; compare Tamil வளை (vaḷai, “to bend”).

inh

a bracelet, armlet, ring (worn by men and women on the wrist)

(figuratively) waves (as compared to bracelets)

a circle, circumference, round enclosure


वलय

/ˈʋɐ.l̪ɐ.jɐ/

a sore throat, inflammation of the larynx


वलय

/ˈʋɐ.l̪ɐ.jɐ/


परशु

paraśú (romanization)
परशुः (nominative singular)
परशू (dual nominative)
परशवः (nominative plural)
परशो (singular vocative)
परशू (dual vocative)
परशवः (plural vocative)
परशुम् (accusative singular)
परशू (accusative dual)
परशून् (accusative plural)
परशुना (instrumental singular)
परश्वा1 (instrumental singular)
परशुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परशुभिः (instrumental plural)
परशवे (dative singular)
परश्वे1 (dative singular)
परशुभ्याम् (dative dual)
परशुभ्यः (dative plural)
परशोः (ablative singular)
परश्वः1 (ablative singular)
परशुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
परशुभ्यः (ablative plural)
परशोः (genitive singular)
परश्वः1 (genitive singular)
परश्वोः (dual genitive)
परशूनाम् (genitive plural)
परशौ (locative singular)
परश्वोः (dual locative)
परशुषु (locative plural)

Pali: parasu, pharasu

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀭𑀲𑀼 (parasu)

Central:

Hindustani: parsā, parsiyā

desc

Hindi: परसा, परसिया

Hindi: परसा, परसिया

Urdu: پَرسا, پَرسِیَ

Urdu: پَرسا, پَرسِیَ

Northwestern:

Punjabi: pharsā

Shahmukhi script: پھَرسا

Gurmukhi script: ਫਰਸਾ

Southern:

Dhivehi: ފުރޯ (furō)

Marathi: फरस (pharas), फरशी (pharśī)

Sinhalese: පොරොව (porowa)

Prakrit: 𑀨𑀭𑀲𑀼 (pharasu)

Northern:

Kumaoni: फर्स (phars)

Nepali: फर्सा (pharsā)

Western:

Gujarati: ફરશી (pharśī)

→ Tamil: பரசு (paracu)

Cognate with Ossetian фӕрӕт (færæt, “axe”) and Ancient Greek πέλεκυς (pélekus, “axe”), and hence apparently reconstructible back to Proto-Indo-European as *peleḱús (“axe”). The word is often considered a Wanderwort, and the similarity of Akkadian 𒁄 (pilaqqu, “wooden handle; spindle, harp”) (from Sumerian 𒁄 (balag, “wooden handle; spindle, harp; possibly a split piece of wood or wooden wedge”); compare Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split apart”)) has led some to suggest that the Proto-Indo-European word is a borrowing of the Akkadian word.


घर्म

घ॒र्म (canonical)
gharmá (romanization)
घृ (root)
घर्मः (nominative singular)
घर्मौ (dual nominative)
घर्मा1 (dual nominative)
घर्माः (nominative plural)
घर्मासः1 (nominative plural)
घर्म (singular vocative)
घर्मौ (dual vocative)
घर्मा1 (dual vocative)
घर्माः (plural vocative)
घर्मासः1 (plural vocative)
घर्मम् (accusative singular)
घर्मौ (accusative dual)
घर्मा1 (accusative dual)
घर्मान् (accusative plural)
घर्मेण (instrumental singular)
घर्माभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घर्मैः (instrumental plural)
घर्मेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
घर्माय (dative singular)
घर्माभ्याम् (dative dual)
घर्मेभ्यः (dative plural)
घर्मात् (ablative singular)
घर्माभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घर्मेभ्यः (ablative plural)
घर्मस्य (genitive singular)
घर्मयोः (dual genitive)
घर्माणाम् (genitive plural)
घर्मे (locative singular)
घर्मयोः (dual locative)
घर्मेषु (locative plural)

Pali: ghamma

Prakrit: 𑀖𑀫𑁆𑀫 (ghamma) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: घर्म (gharm)

Urdu: گھَرْم (gharm)

→ Gujarati: ઘર્મ (gharma)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer-
Proto-Indo-European *-mós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰarmás
Sanskrit घ॒र्म (gharmá)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰarmás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- + *-mós.
Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬀 (gar^əma, “hot; warmth”), Persian گرم (garm), Ancient Greek θερμός (thermós), Latin formus, furnus.

etymon

घ॒र्म

यु॒वं ह॑ घ॒र्मं मधु॑मन्त॒मत्र॑ये॒ऽपो न क्षोदो॑ऽवृणीतमे॒षे ।
तद्वां॑ नरावश्विना॒ पश्व॑इष्टी॒ रथ्ये॑व च॒क्रा प्रति॑ यन्ति॒ मध्वः॑ ॥
yuváṃ ha gharmáṃ mádhumantamátrayeʼpó ná kṣódoʼvṛṇītameṣé.
tádvāṃ narāvaśvinā páśvaïṣṭī ráthyeva cakrā́ práti yanti mádhvaḥ.
Ye made the fierce heat to be full of sweetness for Atri at his wish, like streaming water.

Fire-offering thence is yours, O Aśvins, Heroes: your car-wheels speed to us like springs of honey.


परुष

paruṣá (romanization)
परुषः (nominative singular)
परुषौ (dual nominative)
परुषा1 (dual nominative)
परुषाः (nominative plural)
परुषासः1 (nominative plural)
परुष (singular vocative)
परुषौ (dual vocative)
परुषा1 (dual vocative)
परुषाः (plural vocative)
परुषासः1 (plural vocative)
परुषम् (accusative singular)
परुषौ (accusative dual)
परुषा1 (accusative dual)
परुषान् (accusative plural)
परुषेण (instrumental singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परुषैः (instrumental plural)
परुषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
परुषाय (dative singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
परुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
परुषात् (ablative singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
परुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
परुषस्य (genitive singular)
परुषयोः (dual genitive)
परुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
परुषे (locative singular)
परुषयोः (dual locative)
परुषेषु (locative plural)
परुष्णी (nominative singular)
परुष्ण्यौ (dual nominative)
परुष्णी1 (dual nominative)
परुष्ण्यः (nominative plural)
परुष्णीः1 (nominative plural)
परुष्णि (singular vocative)
परुष्ण्यौ (dual vocative)
परुष्णी1 (dual vocative)
परुष्ण्यः (plural vocative)
परुष्णीः1 (plural vocative)
परुष्णीम् (accusative singular)
परुष्ण्यौ (accusative dual)
परुष्णी1 (accusative dual)
परुष्णीः (accusative plural)
परुष्ण्या (instrumental singular)
परुष्णीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परुष्णीभिः (instrumental plural)
परुष्ण्यै (dative singular)
परुष्णीभ्याम् (dative dual)
परुष्णीभ्यः (dative plural)
परुष्ण्याः (ablative singular)
परुष्ण्यै2 (ablative singular)
परुष्णीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
परुष्णीभ्यः (ablative plural)
परुष्ण्याः (genitive singular)
परुष्ण्यै2 (genitive singular)
परुष्ण्योः (dual genitive)
परुष्णीनाम् (genitive plural)
परुष्ण्याम् (locative singular)
परुष्ण्योः (dual locative)
परुष्णीषु (locative plural)
परुषम् (nominative singular)
परुषे (dual nominative)
परुषाणि (nominative plural)
परुषा1 (nominative plural)
परुष (singular vocative)
परुषे (dual vocative)
परुषाणि (plural vocative)
परुषा1 (plural vocative)
परुषम् (accusative singular)
परुषे (accusative dual)
परुषाणि (accusative plural)
परुषा1 (accusative plural)
परुषेण (instrumental singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परुषैः (instrumental plural)
परुषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
परुषाय (dative singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
परुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
परुषात् (ablative singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
परुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
परुषस्य (genitive singular)
परुषयोः (dual genitive)
परुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
परुषे (locative singular)
परुषयोः (dual locative)
परुषेषु (locative plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pelHusós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *parHušás
Sanskrit परुष (paruṣa)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *parHušás, from Proto-Indo-European *pelHu-só-s, from the root *pelH- (“gray, pale”), related to पलित (palitá, “gray, hoary”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬊𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬱𐬀 (poᵘruša, “gray (of hair)”), Persian پیر (pir, “old”), Latin pallidus, Ancient Greek πελιτνός (pelitnós), Old Armenian ալիք (alikʻ, “wave, gray hair”).

cog

यस्य मा परुषाः शतमुद्धर्षयन्त्युक्षणः।

From whom a hundred oxen, all of speckled hue, delight my heart...

yasya mā paruṣāḥ śatamuddharṣayantyukṣaṇaḥ.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

knotty, rough, hard, stiff, rugged, rough, uneven, shaggy

piercing, keen, sharp, violent, harsh, severe, unkind


परुष

paruṣa (romanization)
परुषः (nominative singular)
परुषौ (dual nominative)
परुषा1 (dual nominative)
परुषाः (nominative plural)
परुषासः1 (nominative plural)
परुष (singular vocative)
परुषौ (dual vocative)
परुषा1 (dual vocative)
परुषाः (plural vocative)
परुषासः1 (plural vocative)
परुषम् (accusative singular)
परुषौ (accusative dual)
परुषा1 (accusative dual)
परुषान् (accusative plural)
परुषेण (instrumental singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परुषैः (instrumental plural)
परुषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
परुषाय (dative singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
परुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
परुषात् (ablative singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
परुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
परुषस्य (genitive singular)
परुषयोः (dual genitive)
परुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
परुषे (locative singular)
परुषयोः (dual locative)
परुषेषु (locative plural)

phalsa (Grewia asiatica) or cannonball mangrove (Xylocarpus granatum)


परुष

paruṣa (romanization)
परुषम् (nominative singular)
परुषे (dual nominative)
परुषाणि (nominative plural)
परुषा1 (nominative plural)
परुष (singular vocative)
परुषे (dual vocative)
परुषाणि (plural vocative)
परुषा1 (plural vocative)
परुषम् (accusative singular)
परुषे (accusative dual)
परुषाणि (accusative plural)
परुषा1 (accusative plural)
परुषेण (instrumental singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परुषैः (instrumental plural)
परुषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
परुषाय (dative singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
परुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
परुषात् (ablative singular)
परुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
परुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
परुषस्य (genitive singular)
परुषयोः (dual genitive)
परुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
परुषे (locative singular)
परुषयोः (dual locative)
परुषेषु (locative plural)

harsh and contumelious speech, abuse, etc.