हन्ति

sa-verb

हन्ति • (hánti) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, root हन्)

hánti (romanization)
हन् (root)
हन्ति (present)
हते (present)
हन्ति (active indicative singular third-person)
हतः (active dual indicative third-person)
घ्नन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
हते (indicative singular third-person)
घ्नाते (dual indicative third-person)
घ्नते (indicative plural third-person)
हंसि (active indicative second-person singular)
हथः (active dual indicative second-person)
हथ (active indicative plural second-person)
हसे (indicative second-person singular)
घ्नाथे (dual indicative second-person)
हध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
हन्मि (active first-person indicative singular)
हन्वः (active dual first-person indicative)
हन्मः (active first-person indicative plural)
हन्मसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
घ्ने (first-person indicative singular)
हन्वहे (dual first-person indicative)
हन्महे (first-person indicative plural)
हन्तु (active imperative singular third-person)
हताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
घ्नन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
हताम् (imperative singular third-person)
घ्नाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
घ्नताम् (imperative plural third-person)
जहि (active imperative second-person singular)
हन्धि (active imperative second-person singular)
हतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
हत (active imperative plural second-person)
हस्व (imperative second-person singular)
घ्नाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
हध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
हनानि (active first-person imperative singular)
हनाव (active dual first-person imperative)
हनाम (active first-person imperative plural)
हन्म (active first-person imperative plural)
हनै (first-person imperative singular)
हनावहै (dual first-person imperative)
हनामहै (first-person imperative plural)
हन्यात् (active imperative singular third-person)
हन्याताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
हन्युः (active imperative plural third-person)
हनीत (imperative singular third-person)
घ्नीत (imperative singular third-person)
हनीयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
घ्नीयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
हनीरन् (imperative plural third-person)
घ्नीरन् (imperative plural third-person)
हन्याः (active imperative second-person singular)
हन्यातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
हन्यात (active imperative plural second-person)
हनीथाः (imperative second-person singular)
घ्नीथाः (imperative second-person singular)
हनीयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
घ्नीयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
हनीध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
घ्नीध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
हन्याम् (active first-person imperative singular)
हन्याव (active dual first-person imperative)
हन्याम (active first-person imperative plural)
हनीय (first-person imperative singular)
घ्नीय (first-person imperative singular)
हनीवहि (dual first-person imperative)
घ्नीवहि (dual first-person imperative)
हनीमहि (first-person imperative plural)
घ्नीमहि (first-person imperative plural)
हनत् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
हनति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
हनतः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
हनन् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
हनते (singular subjunctive third-person)
हनातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
हनैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
हनन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
हनान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
हनः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
हनसि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
हनथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
हनथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
हनसे (second-person singular subjunctive)
हनासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
हनैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
हनध्वे (plural second-person subjunctive)
हनाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
हनानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
हना (active first-person singular subjunctive)
हनाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
हनाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
हनै (first-person singular subjunctive)
हनावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
हनामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
घ्नत् (active participle)
घ्नान (participle)
अहन् (imperfect)
अहत (imperfect)
अहन् (active indicative singular third-person)
अहताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अघ्नन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अहत (indicative singular third-person)
अघ्नाताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अघ्नत (indicative plural third-person)
अहन् (active indicative second-person singular)
अहतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अहत (active indicative plural second-person)
अहथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अघ्नाथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अहध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अहनम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अहन्व (active dual first-person indicative)
अहन्म (active first-person indicative plural)
अघ्नि (first-person indicative singular)
अहन्वहि (dual first-person indicative)
अहन्महि (first-person indicative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰánti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰʰánti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰénti (“to strike; slay, kill”).
Cognates include Ancient Greek θείνω (theínō, “I strike, wound”), Avestan 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬙𐬌 (jainti), Old Armenian գան (gan) and ջնեմ (ǰnem), Latin offendō, Old Church Slavonic гънати (gŭnati), Old English bana (English bane) and gūþ (“battle”).

cog

to strike, beat (also a drum), pound, hammer (+ accusative) etc.; upon (+ locative)


ह्वरति

sa-verb

ह्वरति • (hvárati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root ह्वृ)

hvárati (romanization)
ह्वृ (root)
ह्वरति (present)
ह्वरते (present)
ह्वृयते (present)
ह्वरति (active indicative singular third-person)
ह्वरतः (active dual indicative third-person)
ह्वरन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
ह्वरते (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
ह्वरेते (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
ह्वरन्ते (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
ह्वृयते (indicative passive singular third-person)
ह्वृयेते (dual indicative passive third-person)
ह्वृयन्ते (indicative passive plural third-person)
ह्वरसि (active indicative second-person singular)
ह्वरथः (active dual indicative second-person)
ह्वरथ (active indicative plural second-person)
ह्वरसे (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
ह्वरेथे (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
ह्वरध्वे (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
ह्वृयसे (indicative passive second-person singular)
ह्वृयेथे (dual indicative passive second-person)
ह्वृयध्वे (indicative passive plural second-person)
ह्वरामि (active first-person indicative singular)
ह्वरावः (active dual first-person indicative)
ह्वरामः (active first-person indicative plural)
ह्वरे (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
ह्वरावहे (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
ह्वरामहे (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
ह्वृये (first-person indicative passive singular)
ह्वृयावहे (dual first-person indicative passive)
ह्वृयामहे (first-person indicative passive plural)
ह्वरतु (active indicative singular third-person)
ह्वरताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
ह्वरन्तु (active indicative plural third-person)
ह्वरताम् (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
ह्वरेताम् (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
ह्वरन्ताम् (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
ह्वृयताम् (indicative passive singular third-person)
ह्वृयेताम् (dual indicative passive third-person)
ह्वृयन्ताम् (indicative passive plural third-person)
ह्वर (active indicative second-person singular)
ह्वरतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
ह्वरत (active indicative plural second-person)
ह्वरस्व (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
ह्वरेथाम् (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
ह्वरध्वम् (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
ह्वृयस्व (indicative passive second-person singular)
ह्वृयेथाम् (dual indicative passive second-person)
ह्वृयध्वम् (indicative passive plural second-person)
ह्वराणि (active first-person indicative singular)
ह्वराव (active dual first-person indicative)
ह्वराम (active first-person indicative plural)
ह्वरै (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
ह्वरावहै (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
ह्वरामहै (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
ह्वृयै (first-person indicative passive singular)
ह्वृयावहै (dual first-person indicative passive)
ह्वृयामहै (first-person indicative passive plural)
ह्वरेत् (active indicative singular third-person)
ह्वरेताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
ह्वरेयुः (active indicative plural third-person)
ह्वरेत (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
ह्वरेयाताम् (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
ह्वरेरन् (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
ह्वृयेत (indicative passive singular third-person)
ह्वृयेयाताम् (dual indicative passive third-person)
ह्वृयेरन् (indicative passive plural third-person)
ह्वरेः (active indicative second-person singular)
ह्वरेतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
ह्वरेत (active indicative plural second-person)
ह्वरेथाः (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
ह्वरेयाथाम् (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
ह्वरेध्वम् (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
ह्वृयेथाः (indicative passive second-person singular)
ह्वृयेयाथाम् (dual indicative passive second-person)
ह्वृयेध्वम् (indicative passive plural second-person)
ह्वरेयम् (active first-person indicative singular)
ह्वरेव (active dual first-person indicative)
ह्वरेमः (active first-person indicative plural)
ह्वरेय (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
ह्वरेवहि (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
ह्वरेमहि (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
ह्वृयेय (first-person indicative passive singular)
ह्वृयेवहि (dual first-person indicative passive)
ह्वृयेमहि (first-person indicative passive plural)
ह्वरत् (active participle singular)
or (active dual participle)
ह्वरन्त् (active participle plural)
ह्वरमान (middle-voice participle)
ह्वृयमान (participle passive)
अह्वरत् (imperfect)
अह्वरत (imperfect)
अह्वृयत (imperfect)
अह्वरत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अह्वरताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अह्वरन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अह्वरत (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
अह्वरेताम् (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
अह्वरन्त (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
अह्वृयत (indicative passive singular third-person)
अह्वृयेताम् (dual indicative passive third-person)
अह्वृयन्त (indicative passive plural third-person)
अह्वरः (active indicative second-person singular)
अह्वरतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अह्वरत (active indicative plural second-person)
अह्वरथाः (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
अह्वरेथाम् (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
अह्वरध्वम् (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
अह्वृयथाः (indicative passive second-person singular)
अह्वृयेथाम् (dual indicative passive second-person)
अह्वृयध्वम् (indicative passive plural second-person)
अह्वरम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अह्वराव (active dual first-person indicative)
अह्वराम (active first-person indicative plural)
अह्वरे (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
अह्वरावहि (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
अह्वरामहि (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
अह्वृये (first-person indicative passive singular)
अह्वृयावहि (dual first-person indicative passive)
अह्वृयामहि (first-person indicative passive plural)
ह्वरिष्यति (active future person singular third-person)
ह्वरिष्यतः (active dual future person third-person)
ह्वरिष्यन्ति (active future person plural third-person)
ह्वरिष्यते (future middle-voice person singular third-person)
ह्वरिष्येते (dual future middle-voice person third-person)
ह्वरिष्यन्ते (future middle-voice person plural third-person)
ह्वरिष्यसि (active future person second-person singular)
ह्वरिष्यथः (active dual future person second-person)
ह्वरिष्यथ (active future person plural second-person)
ह्वरिष्यसे (future middle-voice person second-person singular)
ह्वरिष्येथे (dual future middle-voice person second-person)
ह्वरिष्यध्वे (future middle-voice person plural second-person)
ह्वरिष्यामि (active first-person future person singular)
ह्वरिष्यावः (active dual first-person future person)
ह्वरिष्यामः (active first-person future person plural)
ह्वरिष्ये (first-person future middle-voice person singular)
ह्वरिष्यावहे (dual first-person future middle-voice person)
ह्वरिष्यामहे (first-person future middle-voice person plural)
ह्वर्ता (active future person singular third-person)
ह्वर्तारौ (active dual future person third-person)
ह्वर्तारः (active future person plural third-person)
ह्वर्तासि (active future person second-person singular)
ह्वर्तास्थः (active dual future person second-person)
ह्वर्तास्थ (active future person plural second-person)
ह्वर्तास्मि (active first-person future person singular)
ह्वर्तास्वः (active dual first-person future person)
ह्वर्तास्मः (active first-person future person plural)

/ˈɦʋɐ.ɾɐ.t̪i/

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰwel- (“to bend”).

der+

to deviate or diverge from the right line

to cause to go crookedly, lead wrong or astray


जानु

jā́nu (romanization)
जानु (nominative singular)
जानुनी (dual nominative)
जानूनि (nominative plural)
जानु1 (nominative plural)
जानू1 (nominative plural)
जानु (singular vocative)
जानो (singular vocative)
जानुनी (dual vocative)
जानूनि (plural vocative)
जानु1 (plural vocative)
जानू1 (plural vocative)
जानु (accusative singular)
जानुनी (accusative dual)
जानूनि (accusative plural)
जानु1 (accusative plural)
जानू1 (accusative plural)
जानुना (instrumental singular)
जान्वा1 (instrumental singular)
जानुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जानुभिः (instrumental plural)
जानुने (dative singular)
जानवे1 (dative singular)
जान्वे1 (dative singular)
जानुभ्याम् (dative dual)
जानुभ्यः (dative plural)
जानुनः (ablative singular)
जानोः1 (ablative singular)
जान्वः1 (ablative singular)
जानुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जानुभ्यः (ablative plural)
जानुनः (genitive singular)
जानोः1 (genitive singular)
जान्वः1 (genitive singular)
जानुनोः (dual genitive)
जानूनाम् (genitive plural)
जानुनि (locative singular)
जानौ1 (locative singular)
जानुनोः (dual locative)
जानुषु (locative plural)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: දන (dana)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Lahnda:

Khetrani: [script needed] (jā̃ṇu)

Pali: jānu

→ Telugu: జానువు (jānuvu)

/ˈd͡ʑɑː.n̪u/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ā́nu (“knee”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu (“knee”).
Cognate with Old Armenian ծունգք (cungkʻ), Ancient Greek γόνυ (gónu, “knee”), Latin genu (“knee”), Avestan 𐬰𐬁𐬥𐬎 (zānu), Persian زانو (zânu), Old English cnēow (whence English knee)).

आच्या जानु दक्षिणतो निषद्येमं यज्ञमभि गृणीत विश्वे ।
मा हिंसिष्ट पितरः केन चिन्नो यद्व आगः पुरुषता कराम ॥
ācyā jānu dakṣiṇato niṣadyemaṃ yajñamabhi gṛṇīta viśve.

Bowing your bended knees and seated southward, accept this sacrifice of ours with favour.
Punish us not for any sin, O Fathers, which we through human frailty have committed.

mā hiṃsiṣṭa pitaraḥ kena cinno yadva āgaḥ puruṣatā karāma.


प्रकाश

prakāśa (romanization)
प्रकाशः (nominative singular)
प्रकाशौ (dual nominative)
प्रकाशा1 (dual nominative)
प्रकाशाः (nominative plural)
प्रकाशासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रकाश (singular vocative)
प्रकाशौ (dual vocative)
प्रकाशा1 (dual vocative)
प्रकाशाः (plural vocative)
प्रकाशासः1 (plural vocative)
प्रकाशम् (accusative singular)
प्रकाशौ (accusative dual)
प्रकाशा1 (accusative dual)
प्रकाशान् (accusative plural)
प्रकाशेन (instrumental singular)
प्रकाशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रकाशैः (instrumental plural)
प्रकाशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रकाशाय (dative singular)
प्रकाशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रकाशेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रकाशात् (ablative singular)
प्रकाशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रकाशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रकाशस्य (genitive singular)
प्रकाशयोः (dual genitive)
प्रकाशानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रकाशे (locative singular)
प्रकाशयोः (dual locative)
प्रकाशेषु (locative plural)

→ Punjabi: ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ (prakāś)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: prakāśa, prakosa
> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦏꦱ (prakasa) (inherited)
> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦏꦺꦴꦱ (prakosa) (inherited)

/pɾɐ.kɑː.ɕɐ/

/pɾɐˈkɑː.ɕɐ/

प्र- (pra-) + काश (kāśa), from the root काश् (kāś).


मोह

móha (romanization)
मुह् (root)
मोहः (nominative singular)
मोहौ (dual nominative)
मोहा1 (dual nominative)
मोहाः (nominative plural)
मोहासः1 (nominative plural)
मोह (singular vocative)
मोहौ (dual vocative)
मोहा1 (dual vocative)
मोहाः (plural vocative)
मोहासः1 (plural vocative)
मोहम् (accusative singular)
मोहौ (accusative dual)
मोहा1 (accusative dual)
मोहान् (accusative plural)
मोहेन (instrumental singular)
मोहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मोहैः (instrumental plural)
मोहेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मोहाय (dative singular)
मोहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मोहेभ्यः (dative plural)
मोहात् (ablative singular)
मोहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मोहेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मोहस्य (genitive singular)
मोहयोः (dual genitive)
मोहानाम् (genitive plural)
मोहे (locative singular)
मोहयोः (dual locative)
मोहेषु (locative plural)

Konkani: मोग (mog, “love”)

→ Kannada: ಮೋಹ (mōha)

→ Tamil: மோகம் (mōkam)

→ Telugu: మోహము (mōhamu)

Japanese: 馬鹿 (“foolish; fool”)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *máwǰʰas, from the root *mawǰʰ- ~ *mawgʰ- (“to err, to be foolish, to deviate”), with further origin uncertain.
The "strange palatal alternation" of the root's final consonant suggests a borrowing from a non-Indo-European language, perhaps the BMAC substrate due to the root's presence in both Indic and Iranic. Alternatively, it suggests contamination from similar roots, such as *dʰrúkš (“lie, deceive”), whence द्रुह् (druh, “injury”), and *gʰawȷ́ʰ- (“to hide, conceal”), whence गुह् (guh, “to conceal”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬆𐬴𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬊𐬖𐬀 (əṣ̌əmaoγa, “teacher of false doctrines”), Middle Persian 'hl-mwg'n (“heretics”), Khotanese [script needed] (mūys-, “to be foolish”).

cog

सेदिरुग्रा व्यृद्धिरार्तिश्चानपवाचना ।
श्रमस्तन्द्रीश्च मोहश्च तैरमून् अभि दधामि सर्वान् ॥
sedirugrā vyṛddhirārtiścānapavācanā.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 8.8.9

Great weakness and misfortune, pain which words can never charm away,
Languor, fatigue, bewilderment, with these I compass all the foes.

śramastandrīśca mohaśca tairamūn abhi dadhāmi sarvān.

loss of consciousness, bewilderment, perplexity, distraction, infatuation, delusion, error, folly

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

(in philosophy) darkness or delusion of mind (preventing the discernment of truth and leading men to believe in the reality of worldly objects)

(with Buddhists) ignorance (one of the three roots of vice Dharmas. 139)

a magical art employed to bewilder an enemy (= मोहन)

Infatuation personified (as the offspring of ब्रह्मा)


अन्य

anyá (romanization)
अन्यः (nominative singular)
अन्यौ (dual nominative)
अन्या1 (dual nominative)
अन्ये (nominative plural)
अन्य (singular vocative)
अन्यौ (dual vocative)
अन्या1 (dual vocative)
अन्ये (plural vocative)
अन्यम् (accusative singular)
अन्यौ (accusative dual)
अन्या1 (accusative dual)
अन्यान् (accusative plural)
अन्येन (instrumental singular)
अन्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अन्यैः (instrumental plural)
अन्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अन्यस्मै (dative singular)
अन्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
अन्येभ्यः (dative plural)
अन्यस्मात् (ablative singular)
अन्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अन्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
अन्यस्य (genitive singular)
अन्ययोः (dual genitive)
अन्येषाम् (genitive plural)
अन्यस्मिन् (locative singular)
अन्ययोः (dual locative)
अन्येषु (locative plural)
अन्या (nominative singular)
अन्ये (dual nominative)
अन्याः (nominative plural)
अन्ये (singular vocative)
अन्ये (dual vocative)
अन्याः (plural vocative)
अन्याम् (accusative singular)
अन्ये (accusative dual)
अन्याः (accusative plural)
अन्यया (instrumental singular)
अन्या1 (instrumental singular)
अन्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अन्याभिः (instrumental plural)
अन्यस्यै (dative singular)
अन्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
अन्याभ्यः (dative plural)
अन्यस्याः (ablative singular)
अन्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अन्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
अन्यस्याः (genitive singular)
अन्ययोः (dual genitive)
अन्यासाम् (genitive plural)
अन्यस्याम् (locative singular)
अन्ययोः (dual locative)
अन्यासु (locative plural)
अन्यत् (nominative singular)
अन्ये (dual nominative)
अन्यानि (nominative plural)
अन्या1 (nominative plural)
अन्य (singular vocative)
अन्ये (dual vocative)
अन्यानि (plural vocative)
अन्या1 (plural vocative)
अन्यत् (accusative singular)
अन्ये (accusative dual)
अन्यानि (accusative plural)
अन्या1 (accusative plural)
अन्येन (instrumental singular)
अन्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अन्यैः (instrumental plural)
अन्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अन्यस्मै (dative singular)
अन्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
अन्येभ्यः (dative plural)
अन्यस्मात् (ablative singular)
अन्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अन्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
अन्यस्य (genitive singular)
अन्ययोः (dual genitive)
अन्येषाम् (genitive plural)
अन्यस्मिन् (locative singular)
अन्ययोः (dual locative)
अन्येषु (locative plural)

Assamese: আন (an)

Bengali: অন্য (ônnô)

Odia: ଅନ୍ୟ (anya)

Old Marathi: अण (aṇa)

Magahi: 𑂄𑂢 (ān)

Maithili: 𑒂𑒢 (ān)

Marathi: अन्य (anya)

Old Gujarati: अंन (aṃna)

Pali: añña

→ Hindi: अन्य (anya)

→ Kannada: ಅನ್ಯ (anya)

→ Telugu: అన్యము (anyamu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hanyás (“other, different”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬀 (aniia), Old Persian 𐎠𐎴𐎹 (a-n-y /aniya/).

inh

स्तु॒हि श्रु॒तं ग॑र्त॒सदं॒ युवा॑नं मृ॒गं न भी॒ममु॑पह॒त्नुमु॒ग्रम् ।
मृ॒ळा ज॑रि॒त्रे रु॑द्र॒ स्तवा॑नो॒ऽन्यं ते॑ अ॒स्मन्नि व॑पन्तु॒ सेनाः॑ ॥
stuhí śrutáṃ gartasádaṃ yúvānaṃ mṛgáṃ ná bhīmámupahatnúmugrám.

Praise him the chariot-borne, the young, the famous, fierce, slaying like a dreaded beast of the forest.
O Rudra, praised, be gracious to the singer of your hymns. Let thy armies spare us and attack someone else.

mṛḷā́ jaritré rudra stávānoʼnyáṃ te asmánní vapantu sénāḥ.

other, different; other than, different from, opposed to

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.57.2


असि

así (romanization)
असिः (nominative singular)
असी (dual nominative)
असयः (nominative plural)
असे (singular vocative)
असी (dual vocative)
असयः (plural vocative)
असिम् (accusative singular)
असी (accusative dual)
असीन् (accusative plural)
असिना (instrumental singular)
अस्या1 (instrumental singular)
असिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
असिभिः (instrumental plural)
असये (dative singular)
असिभ्याम् (dative dual)
असिभ्यः (dative plural)
असेः (ablative singular)
अस्यः1 (ablative singular)
असिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
असिभ्यः (ablative plural)
असेः (genitive singular)
अस्यः1 (genitive singular)
अस्योः (dual genitive)
असीनाम् (genitive plural)
असौ (locative singular)
असा1 (locative singular)
अस्योः (dual locative)
असिषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂n̥sis (“dagger; knife”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬵𐬏 (ahū), Latin ēnsis, Palaic 𒄩𒅆𒄿𒊏 (ḫa-ši-i-ra /hasīra/, “dagger”).

cog

sword, scimitar, knife (used for killing animals)


असि

asi (romanization)
असिः (nominative singular)
असे (singular vocative)
असिम् (accusative singular)
अस्या (instrumental singular)
असये (dative singular)
अस्यै1 (dative singular)
असेः (ablative singular)
अस्याः1 (ablative singular)
असेः (genitive singular)
अस्याः1 (genitive singular)
असौ (locative singular)
अस्याम्1 (locative singular)


असि

sa-verb

असि • (asi) third-singular indicative (root अस्)

Pali: asi

→ Telugu: అసి (asi)


अजा

ajā (romanization)
अजा (nominative singular)
अजे (dual nominative)
अजाः (nominative plural)
अजे (singular vocative)
अजे (dual vocative)
अजाः (plural vocative)
अजाम् (accusative singular)
अजे (accusative dual)
अजाः (accusative plural)
अजया (instrumental singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अजाभिः (instrumental plural)
अजायै (dative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अजाभ्यः (dative plural)
अजायाः (ablative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अजाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अजायाः (genitive singular)
अजयोः (dual genitive)
अजानाम् (genitive plural)
अजायाम् (locative singular)
अजयोः (dual locative)
अजासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of अजा

Feminine form of अज (aja, “he-goat, driver”), from the root अज् (aj, “to drive”).

प्रकृति प्रकृति

female noun of प्रकृति, of माया or Illusion

name of a plant whose bulbs resemble the udder of a goat


युवन

yuvana (romanization)
युवनः (nominative singular)
युवनौ (dual nominative)
युवना1 (dual nominative)
युवनाः (nominative plural)
युवनासः1 (nominative plural)
युवन (singular vocative)
युवनौ (dual vocative)
युवना1 (dual vocative)
युवनाः (plural vocative)
युवनासः1 (plural vocative)
युवनम् (accusative singular)
युवनौ (accusative dual)
युवना1 (accusative dual)
युवनान् (accusative plural)
युवनेन (instrumental singular)
युवनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
युवनैः (instrumental plural)
युवनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
युवनाय (dative singular)
युवनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
युवनेभ्यः (dative plural)
युवनात् (ablative singular)
युवनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
युवनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
युवनस्य (genitive singular)
युवनयोः (dual genitive)
युवनानाम् (genitive plural)
युवने (locative singular)
युवनयोः (dual locative)
युवनेषु (locative plural)


एध

édha (romanization)
एधः (nominative singular)
एधौ (dual nominative)
एधा1 (dual nominative)
एधाः (nominative plural)
एधासः1 (nominative plural)
एध (singular vocative)
एधौ (dual vocative)
एधा1 (dual vocative)
एधाः (plural vocative)
एधासः1 (plural vocative)
एधम् (accusative singular)
एधौ (accusative dual)
एधा1 (accusative dual)
एधान् (accusative plural)
एधेन (instrumental singular)
एधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
एधैः (instrumental plural)
एधेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
एधाय (dative singular)
एधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
एधेभ्यः (dative plural)
एधात् (ablative singular)
एधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
एधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
एधस्य (genitive singular)
एधयोः (dual genitive)
एधानाम् (genitive plural)
एधे (locative singular)
एधयोः (dual locative)
एधेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háydʰas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háydʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éydʰ-o-s, from *h₂eydʰ- (“to ignite, fire”). Cognate with Ancient Greek αἶθος (aîthos), Latin aedis.


वाच्

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wā́kš (“speech, voice”), from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs (“speech, voice”), from *wekʷ- (“to speak”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬑𐬱 (vāxš), Ancient Greek ὄψ (óps), Latin vōx, Persian آواز (âvâz), English voice (via Latin and Old French).

inh

आ भा॑त्य॒ग्निरु॒षसा॒मनी॑क॒मुद्विप्रा॑णां देव॒या वाचो॑ अस्थुः।
अ॒र्वाञ्चा॑ नू॒नं र॑थ्ये॒ह या॑तं पीपि॒वांस॑मश्विना घ॒र्ममच्छ॑॥
ā́ bhātyagníruṣásāmánīkamúdvíprāṇāṃ devayā́ vā́co asthuḥ.
arvā́ñcā nūnáṃ rathyehá yātaṃ pīpivā́ṃsamaśvinā gharmámáccha.

Agni light sup the face of the dawns; the devout voices of the pious have risen up; therefore, Aśvins, lords of the chariot, descending, come hither today to the splendid sacrifice, perfect in all its parts.

वाचम् (vācam)-√ṛ, √īr or √iṣ

to raise the voice, utter a sound, cry, call

speech, voice, talk, language (also of animals), sound (also of inanimate objects as of the stones used for pressing, of a drum etc.)

वाचं (vācaṃ)-√vad

वाचं व्या (vācaṃ vyā)-√hṛ

वाचं (vācaṃ)-√dā +dative

वाचा सत्यं (vācā satyaṃ)-√kṛ

to promise verbally in marriage, plight troth

a word, saying, phrase, sentence, statement, asseveration


वाच्

vāc (romanization)
वाक् (nominative singular)
वाचौ (dual nominative)
वाचा1 (dual nominative)
वाचः (nominative plural)
वाक् (singular vocative)
वाचौ (dual vocative)
वाचा1 (dual vocative)
वाचः (plural vocative)
वाचम् (accusative singular)
वाचौ (accusative dual)
वाचा1 (accusative dual)
वाचः (accusative plural)
वाचा (instrumental singular)
वाग्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाग्भिः (instrumental plural)
वाचे (dative singular)
वाग्भ्याम् (dative dual)
वाग्भ्यः (dative plural)
वाचः (ablative singular)
वाग्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाग्भ्यः (ablative plural)
वाचः (genitive singular)
वाचोः (dual genitive)
वाचाम् (genitive plural)
वाचि (locative singular)
वाचोः (dual locative)
वाक्षु (locative plural)

Speech personified as the goddess of speech Vāc


त्वम्

head

त्वम् • (tvám)

tvám (romanization)
त्वम् (nominative singular)

desc

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁 (tumaṃ), 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁂 (tume), 𑀢𑀁 (taṃ)

Awadhi: तुइ (tui)

Khasa Prakrit:

Garhwali: तु (tu)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: তই (toi), তুমি (tumi)

Odia: ତୁମେ (tume), ତୁ (tu)

Bengali: তুমি (tumi), তুই (tui)

Chakma: 𑄖𑄪𑄭

Rajbanshi: तुइ

Rohingya: tui

Sylheti: ꠔꠥꠁ (tui), ꠔꠥꠝꠤ (tumi)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁 (tumaṃ), 𑀢𑀼𑀁 (tuṃ), 𑀢𑀁 (taṃ) (same for Jain Maharastri)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਤੂੰ (tū̃)

Pali: tvaṃ, tuvaṃ

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁 (tumaṃ), 𑀢𑀼𑀁 (tuṃ), 𑀢𑀁 (taṃ)

Gurjara Apabhramsa: तु (tu)

Gujarati: તું (tũ)

Nepali: तँ (tã), तिमी (timī)

Romani: tu

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindustani:

Hindi: तू (tū), तुम (tum)

Urdu: تُو (tū)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *túH-am, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Cognate with Avestan 𐬙𐬏𐬨 (tūm), Old Persian 𐎬𐎺𐎶 (tu-v-m /tuvam/), Ancient Greek σύ (sú), Latin tū, Old English þū (whence English thou).

युष्मद् युष्मद्#Sanskrit

you, thou (nominative singular of युष्मद् (yuṣmad))


अप्

áp (romanization)
अप् (nominative singular)
अपौ (dual nominative)
अपा1 (dual nominative)
आपस् (nominative plural)
अप् (singular vocative)
अपौ (dual vocative)
अपा1 (dual vocative)
आपस् (plural vocative)
अपम् (accusative singular)
अपौ (accusative dual)
अपा1 (accusative dual)
अपः (accusative plural)
अपा (instrumental singular)
अद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अद्भिः (instrumental plural)
अपे (dative singular)
अद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
अद्भ्यः (dative plural)
अपः (ablative singular)
अद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
अद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
अपः (genitive singular)
अपोः (dual genitive)
अपाम् (genitive plural)
अपि (locative singular)
अपोः (dual locative)
अप्सु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Dameli: [script needed] (âu)

Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (aw)

Pali: āpa

→ Old Marathi: आप (āpa) (learned)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-.
Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬞 (ap), Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a /apiyā/, “into the water”), Tocharian B āp (“water”), Hittite 𒄩𒉺𒀀 (ḫa-pa-a, “towards the river”), Persian آب (âb), Latin amnis (“river”).

cog

आपो॒ हि ष्ठा म॑यो॒भुव॒स्ता न॑ ऊ॒र्जे द॑धातन।
म॒हे रणा॑य॒ चक्ष॑से॥
ā́po hí ṣṭhā́ mayobhúvastā́ na ūrjé dadhātana.

Ye, Waters, are beneficent: so help ye us to energy
That we may look on great delight.

(astronomy) the star δ Virginis in Virgo


नस

अपीनस (apī-nasa)

उरूणस (urū-ṇasa) — broad-nosed

कुम्भीनस (kumbhī-nasa)

"jar-nosed", a kind of large venomous snake


राजन

rājana (romanization)
राजनः (nominative singular)
राजनौ (dual nominative)
राजना1 (dual nominative)
राजनाः (nominative plural)
राजनासः1 (nominative plural)
राजन (singular vocative)
राजनौ (dual vocative)
राजना1 (dual vocative)
राजनाः (plural vocative)
राजनासः1 (plural vocative)
राजनम् (accusative singular)
राजनौ (accusative dual)
राजना1 (accusative dual)
राजनान् (accusative plural)
राजनेन (instrumental singular)
राजनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राजनैः (instrumental plural)
राजनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
राजनाय (dative singular)
राजनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
राजनेभ्यः (dative plural)
राजनात् (ablative singular)
राजनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राजनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
राजनस्य (genitive singular)
राजनयोः (dual genitive)
राजनानाम् (genitive plural)
राजने (locative singular)
राजनयोः (dual locative)
राजनेषु (locative plural)
राजना (nominative singular)
राजने (dual nominative)
राजनाः (nominative plural)
राजने (singular vocative)
राजने (dual vocative)
राजनाः (plural vocative)
राजनाम् (accusative singular)
राजने (accusative dual)
राजनाः (accusative plural)
राजनया (instrumental singular)
राजना1 (instrumental singular)
राजनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राजनाभिः (instrumental plural)
राजनायै (dative singular)
राजनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
राजनाभ्यः (dative plural)
राजनायाः (ablative singular)
राजनायै2 (ablative singular)
राजनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राजनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
राजनायाः (genitive singular)
राजनायै2 (genitive singular)
राजनयोः (dual genitive)
राजनानाम् (genitive plural)
राजनायाम् (locative singular)
राजनयोः (dual locative)
राजनासु (locative plural)
राजनम् (nominative singular)
राजने (dual nominative)
राजनानि (nominative plural)
राजना1 (nominative plural)
राजन (singular vocative)
राजने (dual vocative)
राजनानि (plural vocative)
राजना1 (plural vocative)
राजनम् (accusative singular)
राजने (accusative dual)
राजनानि (accusative plural)
राजना1 (accusative plural)
राजनेन (instrumental singular)
राजनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राजनैः (instrumental plural)
राजनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
राजनाय (dative singular)
राजनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
राजनेभ्यः (dative plural)
राजनात् (ablative singular)
राजनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राजनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
राजनस्य (genitive singular)
राजनयोः (dual genitive)
राजनानाम् (genitive plural)
राजने (locative singular)
राजनयोः (dual locative)
राजनेषु (locative plural)

/ɾɑː.d͡ʑɐ.nɐ/

/ˈɾɑː.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs. Cognate to Latin rēx.

belonging to a royal family (but not to the warrior caste)


शङ्ख

śaṅkhá (romanization)
शङ्खः (nominative singular)
शङ्खौ (dual nominative)
शङ्खा1 (dual nominative)
शङ्खाः (nominative plural)
शङ्खासः1 (nominative plural)
शङ्ख (singular vocative)
शङ्खौ (dual vocative)
शङ्खा1 (dual vocative)
शङ्खाः (plural vocative)
शङ्खासः1 (plural vocative)
शङ्खम् (accusative singular)
शङ्खौ (accusative dual)
शङ्खा1 (accusative dual)
शङ्खान् (accusative plural)
शङ्खेन (instrumental singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शङ्खैः (instrumental plural)
शङ्खेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शङ्खाय (dative singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शङ्खेभ्यः (dative plural)
शङ्खात् (ablative singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शङ्खेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शङ्खस्य (genitive singular)
शङ्खयोः (dual genitive)
शङ्खानाम् (genitive plural)
शङ्खे (locative singular)
शङ्खयोः (dual locative)
शङ्खेषु (locative plural)
शङ्खम् (nominative singular)
शङ्खे (dual nominative)
शङ्खानि (nominative plural)
शङ्खा1 (nominative plural)
शङ्ख (singular vocative)
शङ्खे (dual vocative)
शङ्खानि (plural vocative)
शङ्खा1 (plural vocative)
शङ्खम् (accusative singular)
शङ्खे (accusative dual)
शङ्खानि (accusative plural)
शङ्खा1 (accusative plural)
शङ्खेन (instrumental singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शङ्खैः (instrumental plural)
शङ्खेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शङ्खाय (dative singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शङ्खेभ्यः (dative plural)
शङ्खात् (ablative singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शङ्खेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शङ्खस्य (genitive singular)
शङ्खयोः (dual genitive)
शङ्खानाम् (genitive plural)
शङ्खे (locative singular)
शङ्खयोः (dual locative)
शङ्खेषु (locative plural)

Pali: saṅkha

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀗𑁆𑀔 (saṅkha)

Central:

Hindustani: saṅkh

Hindi: शंख

Urdu: سَنکھ

Eastern:

Assamese: শাঁক (xãk)

Bengali: শাঁখ (śãkh)

Odia: ସଂଖା (saṅkhā)

Northern:

Kumaoni: साँख (sā̃kh), साँक (sā̃k)

Northwestern:

Punjabi: saṉkh ("one hundred quadrillion")

Gurmukhi script: ਸੰਖ

Shahmukhi script: سنکھ

Punjabi: saṉgh ("conch")

Gurmukhi script: ਸੰਘ

Shahmukhi script: سنگھ

Sindhi: saṅghī

Arabic script: سَنگهِي

Devanagari script: संघी

Southern:

Dhivehi: ސަންގު (san̊gu)

Sinhalese: සක (saka)

→ Kannada: ಶಂಖ (śaṅkha)

desc

→ Malayalam: ചങ്ക് (caṅkŭ), ശംഖ് (śaṅkhŭ), ശംഖം (śaṅkhaṁ)

→ Tamil: சங்கு (caṅku)

→ Telugu: శంఖము (śaṅkhamu)

Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóngʰ-os with unexplained devoicing of the velar stop; doubtfully connected to Ancient Greek κόγχος (kónkhos).

a shell, (especially) the conch-shell (used for making libations of water or as an ornament for the arms or for the temples of an elephant ; a conch-shell perforated at one end is also used as a wind instrument or horn; in the battles of epic poetry, each hero being represented as provided with a conch-shell which serves as his horn or trumpet and often has a name)

a particularly high number (said to equal hundred of billions)


क्रविस्

kravís (romanization)
क्रविः (nominative singular)
क्रविषी (dual nominative)
क्रवींषि (nominative plural)
क्रविः (singular vocative)
क्रविषी (dual vocative)
क्रवींषि (plural vocative)
क्रविः (accusative singular)
क्रविषी (accusative dual)
क्रवींषि (accusative plural)
क्रविषा (instrumental singular)
क्रविर्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
क्रविर्भिः (instrumental plural)
क्रविषे (dative singular)
क्रविर्भ्याम् (dative dual)
क्रविर्भ्यः (dative plural)
क्रविषः (ablative singular)
क्रविर्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
क्रविर्भ्यः (ablative plural)
क्रविषः (genitive singular)
क्रविषोः (dual genitive)
क्रविषाम् (genitive plural)
क्रविषि (locative singular)
क्रविषोः (dual locative)
क्रविःषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *krawíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *krawíš, from Proto-Indo-European *kréwh₂s, from *krewh₂- (“blood”). Cognate with Latin cruor, Ancient Greek κρέας (kréas), Proto-Slavic *kry, Old English hrǣw (whence English raw).


अक्ष

अक्ष ॑ (canonical)
ákṣa (romanization)
अक्षः (nominative singular)
अक्षौ (dual nominative)
अक्षा1 (dual nominative)
अक्षाः (nominative plural)
अक्षासः1 (nominative plural)
अक्ष (singular vocative)
अक्षौ (dual vocative)
अक्षा1 (dual vocative)
अक्षाः (plural vocative)
अक्षासः1 (plural vocative)
अक्षम् (accusative singular)
अक्षौ (accusative dual)
अक्षा1 (accusative dual)
अक्षान् (accusative plural)
अक्षेण (instrumental singular)
अक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अक्षैः (instrumental plural)
अक्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अक्षाय (dative singular)
अक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अक्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
अक्षात् (ablative singular)
अक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अक्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अक्षस्य (genitive singular)
अक्षयोः (dual genitive)
अक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
अक्षे (locative singular)
अक्षयोः (dual locative)
अक्षेषु (locative plural)

Pali: akkha

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔 (akkha) (see there for further descendants)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-?
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćšas
Sanskrit अक्ष॑ (ákṣa)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háṭṣas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćšas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs-. Cognate with Latin axis.

etymon

अक्ष॑

the beam of a balance or string which holds the pivot of the beam


अक्ष

अ॒क्ष (canonical)
akṣá (romanization)
अक्षः (nominative singular)
अक्षौ (dual nominative)
अक्षा1 (dual nominative)
अक्षाः (nominative plural)
अक्षासः1 (nominative plural)
अक्ष (singular vocative)
अक्षौ (dual vocative)
अक्षा1 (dual vocative)
अक्षाः (plural vocative)
अक्षासः1 (plural vocative)
अक्षम् (accusative singular)
अक्षौ (accusative dual)
अक्षा1 (accusative dual)
अक्षान् (accusative plural)
अक्षेण (instrumental singular)
अक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अक्षैः (instrumental plural)
अक्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अक्षाय (dative singular)
अक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अक्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
अक्षात् (ablative singular)
अक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अक्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अक्षस्य (genitive singular)
अक्षयोः (dual genitive)
अक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
अक्षे (locative singular)
अक्षयोः (dual locative)
अक्षेषु (locative plural)

Pali: akkha, accha

Uncertain; per Mayrhofer, probably of non-Indo-European origin. The comparison with अक्ष (akṣa, “eye”) is probably not tenable since Indian dice were not dotted the same way as Western dice. Compare अक्षोट (akṣoṭa, “walnut”), which may have a shared origin. Compare also Latin ālea (“die; dice-game”) which derives from axis (“axle”).

अ॒क्ष

the plant Elaeocarpus angustifolius or its seed


लषति

sa-verb

लषति • (laṣati) third-singular indicative (class 1)

From Proto-Indo-European *las- (“eager”). Cognate with Latin lascīvus and English lust.


मूष्

From Proto-Indo-European *múh₂s (“mouse”). Cognate with Latin mūs, Ancient Greek μῦς (mûs), Persian موش (muš), Old Church Slavonic мꙑшь (myšĭ), Old English mūs (English mouse).

सं मा तपन्त्यभितः सपत्नीरिव पर्शवः ।
मूषो न शिश्ना व्यदन्ति माध्य स्तोतारं ते शतक्रतो वित्तं मे अस्य रोदसी ॥
saṃ mā tapantyabhitaḥ sapatnīriva parśavaḥ.
mūṣo na śiśnā vyadanti mādhya stotāraṃ te śatakrato vittaṃ me asya rodasī.
Like rival wives, on every side, enclosing ribs oppress me sore.

O Śatakratu, biting cares devour me, singer of thy praise, like mice devour the weaver's threads. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.

(figuratively) "stealer", "thief" (literal meaning from verbal root √muṣ)


उदन्

udán (romanization)
उद (nominative singular)
उद्नी (dual nominative)
उदनी (dual nominative)
उदानि (nominative plural)
उद1 (nominative plural)
उदा1 (nominative plural)
उदन् (singular vocative)
उद (singular vocative)
उद्नी (dual vocative)
उदनी (dual vocative)
उदानि (plural vocative)
उद1 (plural vocative)
उदा1 (plural vocative)
उद (accusative singular)
उद्नी (accusative dual)
उदनी (accusative dual)
उदानि (accusative plural)
उद1 (accusative plural)
उदा1 (accusative plural)
उद्ना (instrumental singular)
उदभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उदभिः (instrumental plural)
उद्ने (dative singular)
उदभ्याम् (dative dual)
उदभ्यः (dative plural)
उद्नः (ablative singular)
उदभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उदभ्यः (ablative plural)
उद्नः (genitive singular)
उद्नोः (dual genitive)
उद्नाम् (genitive plural)
उद्नि (locative singular)
उदनि (locative singular)
उदन्1 (locative singular)
उद्नोः (dual locative)
उदसु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: اودُر (ōdur, “wet”)

From the oblique stem of Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáHr̥ (the nominative splitting off into the synonym वार् (vār)), from Proto-Indo-European *wód-r̥ ~ *ud-né-s, from *wódr̥ (“water”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”), Latin unda, Hittite 𒉿𒀀𒋻 (wa-a-tar), Old Church Slavonic вода (voda), Old English wæter (whence English water). See also उदक (udaka).

आ नो॑ मित्रावरुणा ह॒व्यजु॑ष्टिं घृ॒तैर्गव्यू॑तिमुक्षत॒मिळा॑भिः ।
प्रति॑ वा॒मत्र॒ वर॒मा जना॑य पृणी॒तम्उ॒द्नो दि॒व्यस्य॒ चारो॑: ॥
ā́ no mitrāvaruṇā havyájuṣṭiṃ ghṛtaírgávyūtimukṣatamíḷābhiḥ.
práti vāmátra váramā́ jánāya pṛṇītámudnó divyásya cā́ro:.

Pour down in plenty here upon the people the choicest of your fair celestial water.

Come, taste our offering, Varuṇa and Mitra: bedew our pasture with sweet food and fatness.


देवनागरी

head

देवनागरी • (devánāgarī) f

/dɐj.ʋɐ́.nɑː.ɡɐ.ɾiː/

/d̪eː.ʋɐˈn̪ɑː.ɡɐ.ɾiː/


उद्र

udrá (romanization)
उद्रः (nominative singular)
उद्रौ (dual nominative)
उद्रा1 (dual nominative)
उद्राः (nominative plural)
उद्रासः1 (nominative plural)
उद्र (singular vocative)
उद्रौ (dual vocative)
उद्रा1 (dual vocative)
उद्राः (plural vocative)
उद्रासः1 (plural vocative)
उद्रम् (accusative singular)
उद्रौ (accusative dual)
उद्रा1 (accusative dual)
उद्रान् (accusative plural)
उद्रेण (instrumental singular)
उद्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उद्रैः (instrumental plural)
उद्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उद्राय (dative singular)
उद्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
उद्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
उद्रात् (ablative singular)
उद्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उद्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उद्रस्य (genitive singular)
उद्रयोः (dual genitive)
उद्राणाम् (genitive plural)
उद्रे (locative singular)
उद्रयोः (dual locative)
उद्रेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: উদ (ud)

Bengali: উদ (ud)

desctree

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀤 (udda)
Hindustani:
Hindi: ऊद (ūd)
Urdu: اود (ūd)

→ Odia: ଉଦ୍ର (udra)

→ Telugu: ఉద్రము (udramu)

→ Hindi: उद्र (udra)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *udrás (“otter”), from Proto-Indo-European *udrós (“aquatic animal; otter”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬛𐬭𐬀 (udra), Latin lutra, Ancient Greek ὕδρος (húdros), Polish wydra, Russian вы́дра (výdra), Bulgarian ви́дра (vídra), Old English otor (whence English otter).

inh

अ॒न्य॒वा॒पो॒ ऽर्धमा॒साना॒म् ऋश्यो॑ म॒यूरः॑ सुप॒र्णस् ते ग॑न्धर्वाणा॑म् अ॒पाम् उ॒द्रो मा॒सां क॒श्यपो॑ रो॒हित् कु॑ण्डृ॒णाची॑ गो॒लत्ति॑का ते॑ ऽप्स॒रसां॑ मृ॒त्यवे॑ ऽसि॒तः ॥
anyavāpo ʼrdhámāsā́nām ṛ́śyo mayū́raḥ suparṇás té gandharvāṇām apā́m udró māsā́ṃ kaśyápo rohít kuṇḍṛṇā́cī goláttikā te ʼpsarásāṃ mṛtyáve ʼsitáḥ.

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 24.37

The cuckoo belongs to the Half Months; antelope, peacock, eagle, these are the Gandharvas’; the otter belongs to the Months; the tortoise, doe-antelope, iguana, Golathikâ belong to the Apsaras; the black snake belongs to Death.


उद्र

udrá (romanization)
उद्रम् (nominative singular)
उद्रे (dual nominative)
उद्राणि (nominative plural)
उद्रा1 (nominative plural)
उद्र (singular vocative)
उद्रे (dual vocative)
उद्राणि (plural vocative)
उद्रा1 (plural vocative)
उद्रम् (accusative singular)
उद्रे (accusative dual)
उद्राणि (accusative plural)
उद्रा1 (accusative plural)
उद्रेण (instrumental singular)
उद्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उद्रैः (instrumental plural)
उद्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उद्राय (dative singular)
उद्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
उद्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
उद्रात् (ablative singular)
उद्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उद्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उद्रस्य (genitive singular)
उद्रयोः (dual genitive)
उद्राणाम् (genitive plural)
उद्रे (locative singular)
उद्रयोः (dual locative)
उद्रेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *ud-ró-s, from *wed- (“water”). See उदन् (udan), उदक (udaka) for cognates.

समुद्र

large body of water, confluence of rivers; sea, ocean


लघु

sa-adj

लघु • (laghú) stem (comparative लघीयस्, superlative लघिष्ठ)

laghú (romanization)
लघीयस् (comparative)
लघिष्ठ (superlative)
लघुः (nominative singular)
लघू (dual nominative)
लघवः (nominative plural)
लघो (singular vocative)
लघू (dual vocative)
लघवः (plural vocative)
लघुम् (accusative singular)
लघू (accusative dual)
लघून् (accusative plural)
लघुना (instrumental singular)
लघ्वा1 (instrumental singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लघुभिः (instrumental plural)
लघवे (dative singular)
लघ्वे1 (dative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dative dual)
लघुभ्यः (dative plural)
लघोः (ablative singular)
लघ्वः1 (ablative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लघुभ्यः (ablative plural)
लघोः (genitive singular)
लघ्वः1 (genitive singular)
लघ्वोः (dual genitive)
लघूनाम् (genitive plural)
लघौ (locative singular)
लघ्वोः (dual locative)
लघुषु (locative plural)
लघ्वी (nominative singular)
लघ्व्यौ (dual nominative)
लघ्वी1 (dual nominative)
लघ्व्यः (nominative plural)
लघ्वीः1 (nominative plural)
लघ्वि (singular vocative)
लघ्व्यौ (dual vocative)
लघ्वी1 (dual vocative)
लघ्व्यः (plural vocative)
लघ्वीः1 (plural vocative)
लघ्वीम् (accusative singular)
लघ्व्यौ (accusative dual)
लघ्वी1 (accusative dual)
लघ्वीः (accusative plural)
लघ्व्या (instrumental singular)
लघ्वीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लघ्वीभिः (instrumental plural)
लघ्व्यै (dative singular)
लघ्वीभ्याम् (dative dual)
लघ्वीभ्यः (dative plural)
लघ्व्याः (ablative singular)
लघ्व्यै2 (ablative singular)
लघ्वीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लघ्वीभ्यः (ablative plural)
लघ्व्याः (genitive singular)
लघ्व्यै2 (genitive singular)
लघ्व्योः (dual genitive)
लघ्वीनाम् (genitive plural)
लघ्व्याम् (locative singular)
लघ्व्योः (dual locative)
लघ्वीषु (locative plural)
लघु (nominative singular)
लघुनी (dual nominative)
लघूनि (nominative plural)
लघु1 (nominative plural)
लघू1 (nominative plural)
लघु (singular vocative)
लघो (singular vocative)
लघुनी (dual vocative)
लघूनि (plural vocative)
लघु1 (plural vocative)
लघू1 (plural vocative)
लघु (accusative singular)
लघुनी (accusative dual)
लघूनि (accusative plural)
लघु1 (accusative plural)
लघू1 (accusative plural)
लघुना (instrumental singular)
लघ्वा1 (instrumental singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लघुभिः (instrumental plural)
लघुने (dative singular)
लघवे1 (dative singular)
लघ्वे1 (dative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dative dual)
लघुभ्यः (dative plural)
लघुनः (ablative singular)
लघोः1 (ablative singular)
लघ्वः1 (ablative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लघुभ्यः (ablative plural)
लघुनः (genitive singular)
लघोः1 (genitive singular)
लघ्वः1 (genitive singular)
लघुनोः (dual genitive)
लघूनाम् (genitive plural)
लघुनि (locative singular)
लघौ1 (locative singular)
लघुनोः (dual locative)
लघुषु (locative plural)

Pali: lahu

Prakrit: 𑀮𑀳𑀼 (lahu)

Old Gujarati: लहु (lahu)

→ Hindi: लघु (laghu) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hlagʰúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hlagʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁léngʰus. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐλαχύς (elakhús), Latin levis, English light.

नक्षत्र नक्षत्र#Sanskrit

अश्विनी अश्विनी#Sanskrit

पुष्य पुष्य#Sanskrit

light, quick, swift, active, prompt, nimble etc. also said of a particular mode of flying peculiar to birds; applied to the नक्षत्र (nakṣatra), हस्त (hasta), अश्विनी (aśvinī) and पुष्य (puṣya)

unimpeded, without attendance or a retinue

short (in time, as a suppression of the breath)

(prosody) short or light (as a vowel or syllable, as opposed to गुरु (guru))

मध्यम मध्यम#Sanskrit

(grammar) easily pronounced or articulated (said of the pronunciation of व (va), as opposed to मध्यम (madhyama) and गुरु (guru))

small, minute, slight, little, insignificant

weak, feeble, wretched, humble, mean, low (said of persons)

लघुभ्रातृ (laghúbhrātṛ)

लघुवासस् (laghúvāsas)

pleasing, agreeable, handsome, beautiful


लघु

laghú (romanization)
लघुः (nominative singular)
लघू (dual nominative)
लघवः (nominative plural)
लघो (singular vocative)
लघू (dual vocative)
लघवः (plural vocative)
लघुम् (accusative singular)
लघू (accusative dual)
लघूः (accusative plural)
लघ्वा (instrumental singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लघुभिः (instrumental plural)
लघवे (dative singular)
लघ्वै1 (dative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dative dual)
लघुभ्यः (dative plural)
लघोः (ablative singular)
लघ्वाः1 (ablative singular)
लघ्वै2 (ablative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लघुभ्यः (ablative plural)
लघोः (genitive singular)
लघ्वाः1 (genitive singular)
लघ्वै2 (genitive singular)
लघ्वोः (dual genitive)
लघूनाम् (genitive plural)
लघौ (locative singular)
लघ्वाम्1 (locative singular)
लघ्वोः (dual locative)
लघुषु (locative plural)


लघु

laghú (romanization)
लघुः (nominative singular)
लघू (dual nominative)
लघवः (nominative plural)
लघो (singular vocative)
लघू (dual vocative)
लघवः (plural vocative)
लघुम् (accusative singular)
लघू (accusative dual)
लघून् (accusative plural)
लघुना (instrumental singular)
लघ्वा1 (instrumental singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लघुभिः (instrumental plural)
लघवे (dative singular)
लघ्वे1 (dative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dative dual)
लघुभ्यः (dative plural)
लघोः (ablative singular)
लघ्वः1 (ablative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लघुभ्यः (ablative plural)
लघोः (genitive singular)
लघ्वः1 (genitive singular)
लघ्वोः (dual genitive)
लघूनाम् (genitive plural)
लघौ (locative singular)
लघ्वोः (dual locative)
लघुषु (locative plural)


लघु

laghú (romanization)
लघु (nominative singular)
लघुनी (dual nominative)
लघूनि (nominative plural)
लघु1 (nominative plural)
लघू1 (nominative plural)
लघु (singular vocative)
लघो (singular vocative)
लघुनी (dual vocative)
लघूनि (plural vocative)
लघु1 (plural vocative)
लघू1 (plural vocative)
लघु (accusative singular)
लघुनी (accusative dual)
लघूनि (accusative plural)
लघु1 (accusative plural)
लघू1 (accusative plural)
लघुना (instrumental singular)
लघ्वा1 (instrumental singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लघुभिः (instrumental plural)
लघुने (dative singular)
लघवे1 (dative singular)
लघ्वे1 (dative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dative dual)
लघुभ्यः (dative plural)
लघुनः (ablative singular)
लघोः1 (ablative singular)
लघ्वः1 (ablative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लघुभ्यः (ablative plural)
लघुनः (genitive singular)
लघोः1 (genitive singular)
लघ्वः1 (genitive singular)
लघुनोः (dual genitive)
लघूनाम् (genitive plural)
लघुनि (locative singular)
लघौ1 (locative singular)
लघुनोः (dual locative)
लघुषु (locative plural)

काष्ठा काष्ठा#Sanskrit

नाडिका नाडिका#Sanskrit

a particular measure of time (= 15 of काष्ठा (kāṣṭhā) 1÷15 नाडिका (nāḍikā))

Chrysopogon zizanioides
Chrysopogon zizanioides#Translingual

the root of Chrysopogon zizanioides, formerly Andropogon muricatus


स्वर

sa-noun

स्वर • (svára, svará) stem, m (root स्वर्)

svára (romanization)
svará (romanization)
स्वर् (root)
स्वरः (nominative singular)
स्वरौ (dual nominative)
स्वरा1 (dual nominative)
स्वराः (nominative plural)
स्वरासः1 (nominative plural)
स्वर (singular vocative)
स्वरौ (dual vocative)
स्वरा1 (dual vocative)
स्वराः (plural vocative)
स्वरासः1 (plural vocative)
स्वरम् (accusative singular)
स्वरौ (accusative dual)
स्वरा1 (accusative dual)
स्वरान् (accusative plural)
स्वरेण (instrumental singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वरैः (instrumental plural)
स्वरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्वराय (dative singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वरेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वरात् (ablative singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वरस्य (genitive singular)
स्वरयोः (dual genitive)
स्वराणाम् (genitive plural)
स्वरे (locative singular)
स्वरयोः (dual locative)
स्वरेषु (locative plural)

→ Kapampangan: siwala

→ Khmer: សូរ (sou)

desctree

→ Malay: suara
Indonesian: suara
→ Kapampangan: siuala
→ Maguindanao: suala
→ Tausug: swara

→ Old Javanese: swara, sora
Javanese: ꦱ꧀ꦮꦫ (swara), ꦱꦾꦫ (syara), ꦱꦸꦮꦫ (suwara)
→ Balinese: ᬲ᭄ᬯᬭ (suara)
>? Javanese: ꦱꦿꦮ (srawa)
> Javanese: ꦱꦺꦴꦫ (sora, “loud”) (inherited)
>? Malay: sorak
> Indonesian: sorak (inherited)

→ Tamil: சுரம் (curam)

→ Telugu: స్వరము (svaramu)

From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound”).

inh

दीर्घ स्वर

ह्रस्व स्वर


धातु

dhā́tu (romanization)
धातुः (nominative singular)
धातू (dual nominative)
धातवः (nominative plural)
धातो (singular vocative)
धातू (dual vocative)
धातवः (plural vocative)
धातुम् (accusative singular)
धातू (accusative dual)
धातून् (accusative plural)
धातुना (instrumental singular)
धात्वा1 (instrumental singular)
धातुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धातुभिः (instrumental plural)
धातवे (dative singular)
धात्वे1 (dative singular)
धातुभ्याम् (dative dual)
धातुभ्यः (dative plural)
धातोः (ablative singular)
धात्वः1 (ablative singular)
धातुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धातुभ्यः (ablative plural)
धातोः (genitive singular)
धात्वः1 (genitive singular)
धात्वोः (dual genitive)
धातूनाम् (genitive plural)
धातौ (locative singular)
धात्वोः (dual locative)
धातुषु (locative plural)

Marathi: धातू (dhātū)

Punjabi: dhāt

Gurmukhi script: ਧਾਤ

Shahmukhi script: دھات

desctree

Pali: dhātu f
→ Burmese: ဓာတ် (dhat)
→ Shan: ထၢတ်ႈ (thāat)
→ Khmer: ធាតុ (thiət)
→ Thai: ธาตุ (tâat)

→ Punjabi: ਧਾਤੂ (dhātū)

→ Old Javanese: dhātu
→ Balinese: ᬥᬵᬢᬸ (datu)

→ Pali: dhātu m (“root of a word”)
→ Thai: ธาตุ (tâat)

→ Telugu: ధాతువు (dhātuvu)

/ˈd̪ʱɑː.t̪u/

Maybe inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁-tu-, in that case cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬜𐬁𐬙𐬎 (vīδātu, “justification, providence”), Lithuanian dė́tų (“putting, placing”, supine) (dated), Old Church Slavonic дѣтъ (dětŭ, “putting, placing”, supine). Can be deconstructed as धा (dhā, “to put, place”) + -तु (-tu) (see दधाति (dádhāti)). The Sanskrit meaning may be explained as having developed from a resultative, ie “*the outcome of putting down”.

cog

a constituent element or essential ingredient of the body

primary element of the earth; i.e. metal, mineral, ore (especially a red mineral)

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


यकृत्

yákṛt (romanization)
यकृत् (nominative singular)
यकृत् (accusative singular)
यक्ना (instrumental singular)
यक्नः (ablative singular)
यकृतः (ablative singular)
यक्नः (genitive singular)
यकृति (locative singular)

Dardic: (< यकन् (yákan))

Kalami: [script needed] (yān)

Kalasha: žạ́ŋgu

Khowar: ݰیغُن (ṣéġun)

Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (yū̃)

Shina: [script needed] (yum)

Torwali: [script needed] (ǰogō)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)

Marathi: जरंडी (jaraṇḍī, “hepatitis”)

Pali: yaka, yakana

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)

Kumaoni: जिकुडो (jikuṛo)

Sindhi: जेरो (jero)

→ Kannada: ಯಕೃತ್ತು (yakṛttu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyákr̥ (“liver”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hyékʷr̥ (“liver”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬁𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬆 (yākar^ə), Persian جگر (jegar), Latin iecur, Ancient Greek ἧπαρ (hêpar), Old Armenian լեարդ (leard).

यक्ष्मं मतस्नाभ्यां यक्नः प्लाशिभ्यो वि वृहामि ते ॥

From kidneys, liver, and from the spleen, I drive thy malady away.

yakṣmaṃ matasnābhyāṃ yaknaḥ plāśibhyo vi vṛhāmi te.


नीड

nīḍá (romanization)
नीडः (nominative singular)
नीडौ (dual nominative)
नीडा1 (dual nominative)
नीडाः (nominative plural)
नीडासः1 (nominative plural)
नीड (singular vocative)
नीडौ (dual vocative)
नीडा1 (dual vocative)
नीडाः (plural vocative)
नीडासः1 (plural vocative)
नीडम् (accusative singular)
नीडौ (accusative dual)
नीडा1 (accusative dual)
नीडान् (accusative plural)
नीडेन (instrumental singular)
नीडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नीडैः (instrumental plural)
नीडेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नीडाय (dative singular)
नीडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नीडेभ्यः (dative plural)
नीडात् (ablative singular)
नीडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नीडेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नीडस्य (genitive singular)
नीडयोः (dual genitive)
नीडानाम् (genitive plural)
नीडे (locative singular)
नीडयोः (dual locative)
नीडेषु (locative plural)
नीडम् (nominative singular)
नीडे (dual nominative)
नीडानि (nominative plural)
नीडा1 (nominative plural)
नीड (singular vocative)
नीडे (dual vocative)
नीडानि (plural vocative)
नीडा1 (plural vocative)
नीडम् (accusative singular)
नीडे (accusative dual)
नीडानि (accusative plural)
नीडा1 (accusative plural)
नीडेन (instrumental singular)
नीडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नीडैः (instrumental plural)
नीडेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नीडाय (dative singular)
नीडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नीडेभ्यः (dative plural)
नीडात् (ablative singular)
नीडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नीडेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नीडस्य (genitive singular)
नीडयोः (dual genitive)
नीडानाम् (genitive plural)
नीडे (locative singular)
नीडयोः (dual locative)
नीडेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *niẓḍás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *niždás, from Proto-Indo-European *nisdós (“nest”). The constituent parts are नि (ni, “down”) and √सद् (sad), a root related with lying, sitting or sinking. Cognates include Latin nīdus, Old Armenian նիստ (nist), Old Church Slavonic гнѣздо (gnězdo), English nest.

any place for settling down, resting-place, abode


पाठ

pāṭha (romanization)
पाठः (nominative singular)
पाठौ (dual nominative)
पाठाः (nominative plural)
पाठ (singular vocative)
पाठौ (dual vocative)
पाठाः (plural vocative)
पाठम् (accusative singular)
पाठौ (accusative dual)
पाठान् (accusative plural)
पाठेन (instrumental singular)
पाठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पाठैः (instrumental plural)
पाठाय (dative singular)
पाठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पाठेभ्यः (dative plural)
पाठात् (ablative singular)
पाठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पाठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पाठस्य (genitive singular)
पाठयोः (dual genitive)
पाठानाम् (genitive plural)
पाठे (locative singular)
पाठयोः (dual locative)
पाठेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of पाठ

Pali: pāṭha

→ Hindi: पाठ (pāṭh)

→ Malayalam: പാഠം (pāṭhaṁ)

→ Marathi: पाठ (pāṭh)

→ Nepali: पाठ (pāṭh)

→ Punjabi: ਪਾਠ (pāṭha)

→ Tamil: பாடம் (pāṭam)

→ Telugu: పాఠము (pāṭhamu)

Vṛddhi derivative of पठ् (paṭh) + -अ (-a). Related to पठति (paṭhati).

reading, perusal, study (especially of sacred texts)

a particular method of reciting the text of the Veda


ह्रस्व

hrasvá (romanization)
ह्रस्वः (nominative singular)
ह्रस्वौ (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वा1 (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वाः (nominative plural)
ह्रस्वासः1 (nominative plural)
ह्रस्व (singular vocative)
ह्रस्वौ (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वा1 (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वाः (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वासः1 (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वम् (accusative singular)
ह्रस्वौ (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वा1 (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वान् (accusative plural)
ह्रस्वेन (instrumental singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ह्रस्वैः (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वाय (dative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
ह्रस्वात् (ablative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ह्रस्वस्य (genitive singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual genitive)
ह्रस्वानाम् (genitive plural)
ह्रस्वे (locative singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual locative)
ह्रस्वेषु (locative plural)
ह्रस्वा (nominative singular)
ह्रस्वे (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वाः (nominative plural)
ह्रस्वे (singular vocative)
ह्रस्वे (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वाः (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वाम् (accusative singular)
ह्रस्वे (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वाः (accusative plural)
ह्रस्वया (instrumental singular)
ह्रस्वा1 (instrumental singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ह्रस्वाभिः (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वायै (dative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ह्रस्वाभ्यः (dative plural)
ह्रस्वायाः (ablative singular)
ह्रस्वायै2 (ablative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ह्रस्वाभ्यः (ablative plural)
ह्रस्वायाः (genitive singular)
ह्रस्वायै2 (genitive singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual genitive)
ह्रस्वानाम् (genitive plural)
ह्रस्वायाम् (locative singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual locative)
ह्रस्वासु (locative plural)
ह्रस्वम् (nominative singular)
ह्रस्वे (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वानि (nominative plural)
ह्रस्वा1 (nominative plural)
ह्रस्व (singular vocative)
ह्रस्वे (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वानि (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वा1 (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वम् (accusative singular)
ह्रस्वे (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वानि (accusative plural)
ह्रस्वा1 (accusative plural)
ह्रस्वेन (instrumental singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ह्रस्वैः (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वाय (dative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
ह्रस्वात् (ablative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ह्रस्वस्य (genitive singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual genitive)
ह्रस्वानाम् (genitive plural)
ह्रस्वे (locative singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual locative)
ह्रस्वेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰraswás, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“short”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬭𐬀𐬵𐬈𐬵𐬍 (zrahehī), Old Irish gerr, English girl.

(phonetics) prosodically or metrically short


ह्रस्व

hrasvá (romanization)
ह्रस्वः (nominative singular)
ह्रस्वौ (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वा1 (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वाः (nominative plural)
ह्रस्वासः1 (nominative plural)
ह्रस्व (singular vocative)
ह्रस्वौ (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वा1 (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वाः (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वासः1 (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वम् (accusative singular)
ह्रस्वौ (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वा1 (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वान् (accusative plural)
ह्रस्वेन (instrumental singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ह्रस्वैः (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वाय (dative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
ह्रस्वात् (ablative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ह्रस्वस्य (genitive singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual genitive)
ह्रस्वानाम् (genitive plural)
ह्रस्वे (locative singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual locative)
ह्रस्वेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀭𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (rahassa)

→ Hindi: ह्रस्व (hrasva)

→ Bengali: হ্রস্ব (hrośśo)

→ Kannada: ಹ್ರಸ್ವ (hrasva)

→ Marathi: ऱ्हस्व (rhasva)

→ Nepali: ह्रस्व (hraswa)

→ Telugu: హ్రస్వము (hrasvamu)

→ Tamil: ஹ்ரஸ்வம் (hrasvam)


पसस्

pásas (romanization)
पसः (nominative singular)
पससी (dual nominative)
पसांसि (nominative plural)
पसः (singular vocative)
पससी (dual vocative)
पसांसि (plural vocative)
पसः (accusative singular)
पससी (accusative dual)
पसांसि (accusative plural)
पससा (instrumental singular)
पसोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पसोभिः (instrumental plural)
पससे (dative singular)
पसोभ्याम् (dative dual)
पसोभ्यः (dative plural)
पससः (ablative singular)
पसोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पसोभ्यः (ablative plural)
पससः (genitive singular)
पससोः (dual genitive)
पससाम् (genitive plural)
पससि (locative singular)
पससोः (dual locative)
पसःसु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *pés-o-s (“penis”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέος (péos), Latin pēnis, Old English fæsl.

आहं तनोमि ते पसो अधि ज्यामिव धन्वनि ।
क्रमस्वर्श इव रोहितमनवग्लायता सदा ॥
āhaṃ tanomi te paso adhi jyāmiva dhanvani.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 6.101.3

I stretch your penis like a bowstring on a bow
Approach [a woman] tirelessly always, like a stag approaches a doe.

kramasvarśa iva rohitamanavaglāyatā sadā.

...विड्वै गभो राष्ट्रं पसो राष्ट्रमेव विश्याहन्ति तस्माद्राष्ट्रो विशं घातुकः

...the vulva, doubtless, [represents] the people, and the penis [represents] royal power; and [in the same way] royal power, indeed, presses hard on and strikes the people on account of which the wielder of royal power is apt to strike down people.

...viḍvai gabho rāṣṭraṃ paso rāṣṭrameva viśyāhanti tasmādrāṣṭro viśaṃ ghātukaḥ


स्यन्दन

From स्यन्द (syanda, “flowing, running”), from √स्यद् (syad, “to move or flow rapidly, to stream, to run, to rush”).

स्निग्धगम्भीरनिर्घोषमेकं स्यन्दनमाश्रितौ

Mounting, soundless and alone, the fair and solemn chariot


उरण

úraṇa (romanization)
उरणः (nominative singular)
उरणौ (dual nominative)
उरणा1 (dual nominative)
उरणाः (nominative plural)
उरणासः1 (nominative plural)
उरण (singular vocative)
उरणौ (dual vocative)
उरणा1 (dual vocative)
उरणाः (plural vocative)
उरणासः1 (plural vocative)
उरणम् (accusative singular)
उरणौ (accusative dual)
उरणा1 (accusative dual)
उरणान् (accusative plural)
उरणेन (instrumental singular)
उरणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उरणैः (instrumental plural)
उरणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उरणाय (dative singular)
उरणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उरणेभ्यः (dative plural)
उरणात् (ablative singular)
उरणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उरणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उरणस्य (genitive singular)
उरणयोः (dual genitive)
उरणानाम् (genitive plural)
उरणे (locative singular)
उरणयोः (dual locative)
उरणेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *wr̥h₁ḗn (“ram”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀρήν (arḗn), Old Armenian գառն (gaṙn), Persian بره (barra).


पठन

paṭhana (romanization)
पठनम् (nominative singular)
पठने (dual nominative)
पठनानि (nominative plural)
पठना1 (nominative plural)
पठन (singular vocative)
पठने (dual vocative)
पठनानि (plural vocative)
पठना1 (plural vocative)
पठनम् (accusative singular)
पठने (accusative dual)
पठनानि (accusative plural)
पठना1 (accusative plural)
पठनेन (instrumental singular)
पठनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पठनैः (instrumental plural)
पठनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पठनाय (dative singular)
पठनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पठनेभ्यः (dative plural)
पठनात् (ablative singular)
पठनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पठनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पठनस्य (genitive singular)
पठनयोः (dual genitive)
पठनानाम् (genitive plural)
पठने (locative singular)
पठनयोः (dual locative)
पठनेषु (locative plural)

→ Tamil: படனம் (paṭaṉam)

→ Malayalam: പഠനം (paṭhanaṁ)

/ˈpɐ.ʈʰɐ.n̪ɐ/


वि

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wí, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wí, from Proto-Indo-European *wi. Cognate with elements of Hittite [script needed] (na-wi, “not yet”) and Old English wiþ (English with).


वि

ví (romanization)
विः (nominative singular)
वेः (nominative singular)
वी (dual nominative)
वयः (nominative plural)
वे (singular vocative)
वी (dual vocative)
वयः (plural vocative)
विम् (accusative singular)
वी (accusative dual)
वीन् (accusative plural)
विना (instrumental singular)
व्या1 (instrumental singular)
विभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विभिः (instrumental plural)
वये (dative singular)
विभ्याम् (dative dual)
विभ्यः (dative plural)
वेः (ablative singular)
व्यः1 (ablative singular)
विभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विभ्यः (ablative plural)
वेः (genitive singular)
व्यः1 (genitive singular)
व्योः (dual genitive)
वीनाम् (genitive plural)
वौ (locative singular)
वा1 (locative singular)
व्योः (dual locative)
विषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hwíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwíš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis (“bird”). Cognate with Latin avis (“bird”), Ancient Greek ἀετός (aetós, “eagle”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀 (vaiia).

वि या सृ॒जति॒ सम॑नं॒ व्य१॒॑र्थिन॑: प॒दं न वे॒त्योद॑ती।
वयो॒ नकि॑ष्टे पप्ति॒वांस॑ आसते॒ व्यु॑ष्टौ वाजिनीवति॥
ví yā́ sṛjáti sámanaṃ vyàrthína: padáṃ ná vetyódatī.

She sends the busy forth, each man to his pursuit: delay she knows not as she springs.
O rich in opulence, after thy dawning birds that have flown forth no longer rest.

váyo nákiṣṭe paptivā́ṃsa āsate vyùṣṭau vājinīvati.


वाज

vā́ja (romanization)
वाजः (nominative singular)
वाजौ (dual nominative)
वाजा1 (dual nominative)
वाजाः (nominative plural)
वाजासः1 (nominative plural)
वाज (singular vocative)
वाजौ (dual vocative)
वाजा1 (dual vocative)
वाजाः (plural vocative)
वाजासः1 (plural vocative)
वाजम् (accusative singular)
वाजौ (accusative dual)
वाजा1 (accusative dual)
वाजान् (accusative plural)
वाजेन (instrumental singular)
वाजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाजैः (instrumental plural)
वाजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वाजाय (dative singular)
वाजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाजेभ्यः (dative plural)
वाजात् (ablative singular)
वाजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाजस्य (genitive singular)
वाजयोः (dual genitive)
वाजानाम् (genitive plural)
वाजे (locative singular)
वाजयोः (dual locative)
वाजेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wā́ȷ́as, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wā́ȷ́as, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (“lively”). Cognate with Latin vegeō, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌽 (wakan), English wake.

strength, vigour, energy, spirit, speed (especially of a horse)

इन्दो॒ व्यव्य॑मर्षसि॒ वि श्रवां॑सि॒ वि सौभ॑गा।
वि वाजा॑न्त्सोम॒ गोम॑तः॥
índo vyávyamarṣasi ví śrávāṃsi ví saúbhagā.

Indu, you have flowed through the fleece, you grant us food and wealth; (therefore grant us), Soma, the reward of kine.

the prize of a race or of battle, booty, gain, reward, any precious or valuable possession, wealth, treasure

a swift or spirited horse, war-horse, steed


वाज

vāja (romanization)
वाजम् (nominative singular)
वाजे (dual nominative)
वाजानि (nominative plural)
वाजा1 (nominative plural)
वाज (singular vocative)
वाजे (dual vocative)
वाजानि (plural vocative)
वाजा1 (plural vocative)
वाजम् (accusative singular)
वाजे (accusative dual)
वाजानि (accusative plural)
वाजा1 (accusative plural)
वाजेन (instrumental singular)
वाजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाजैः (instrumental plural)
वाजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वाजाय (dative singular)
वाजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाजेभ्यः (dative plural)
वाजात् (ablative singular)
वाजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाजस्य (genitive singular)
वाजयोः (dual genitive)
वाजानाम् (genitive plural)
वाजे (locative singular)
वाजयोः (dual locative)
वाजेषु (locative plural)

an oblation of rice offered at a Śrāddha

an acetous mixture of ground meal and water left to ferment

a Mantra or prayer concluding a sacrifice


यातृ

yā́tṛ (romanization)
याता (nominative singular)
यातरौ (dual nominative)
यातरा1 (dual nominative)
यातरः (nominative plural)
यातः (singular vocative)
यातरौ (dual vocative)
यातरा1 (dual vocative)
यातरः (plural vocative)
यातरम् (accusative singular)
यातरौ (accusative dual)
यातरा1 (accusative dual)
यातॄः (accusative plural)
यात्रा (instrumental singular)
यातृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यातृभिः (instrumental plural)
यात्रे (dative singular)
यातृभ्याम् (dative dual)
यातृभ्यः (dative plural)
यातुः (ablative singular)
यातृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यातृभ्यः (ablative plural)
यातुः (genitive singular)
यात्रोः (dual genitive)
यातॄणाम् (genitive plural)
यातरि (locative singular)
यात्रोः (dual locative)
यातृषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀉𑀬𑀸 (jāuyā)

Magadhi Prakrit:

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HyáHtā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HyáHtā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yn̥h₂tēr. Cognate with Latin janitrīcēs, Ancient Greek ἐνάτηρ (enátēr).

co-sister-in-law, husband’s brother’s wife


वृक

vṛ́ka (romanization)
वृकः (nominative singular)
वृकौ (dual nominative)
वृका1 (dual nominative)
वृकाः (nominative plural)
वृकासः1 (nominative plural)
वृक (singular vocative)
वृकौ (dual vocative)
वृका1 (dual vocative)
वृकाः (plural vocative)
वृकासः1 (plural vocative)
वृकम् (accusative singular)
वृकौ (accusative dual)
वृका1 (accusative dual)
वृकान् (accusative plural)
वृकेण (instrumental singular)
वृकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृकैः (instrumental plural)
वृकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वृकाय (dative singular)
वृकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृकेभ्यः (dative plural)
वृकात् (ablative singular)
वृकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृकस्य (genitive singular)
वृकयोः (dual genitive)
वृकाणाम् (genitive plural)
वृके (locative singular)
वृकयोः (dual locative)
वृकेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit:

Chakma: 𑄤𑄇𑄴 (wāk)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀬 (vaya)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀅 (vaa)

Gujarati: વરુ (varu)

Kachchi: વરુ (varu)

Dardic:

Shina: उरुक (uruk)

Pali: vaka

→ Hindi: वृक (vŕk)

→ Marathi: वृक (vŕk)

→ Telugu: వృకము (vr̥kamu)

→ Bengali: বৃক (brik)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (“wolf”), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka), Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /varka/) (whence Persian گرگ (gorg)), Latin lupus, Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Lithuanian vilkas, Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ), Old English ƿulf (whence English wolf). Native grammarians etymologize it as "the tearer" and connect it to root व्रश्च् (vraśc), whence वृक्ण (vṛkṇa).

मा वां॒ वृको॒ मा वृ॒कीरा द॑धर्षी॒न्मा परि॑ वर्क्तमु॒त माति॑ धक्तम् ।
अ॒यं वां॑ भा॒गो निहि॑त इ॒यं गीर्दस्रा॑वि॒मे वां॑ नि॒धयो॒ मधू॑नाम् ॥
mā́ vāṃ vṛ́ko mā́ vṛkī́rā́ dadharṣīnmā́ pári varktamutá mā́ti dhaktam.

Let not the wolf, let not the she-wolf harm you.
Forsake me not, nor pass me by or others.

ayáṃ vāṃ bhāgó níhita iyáṃ gī́rdásrāvimé vāṃ nidháyo mádhūnām.

यो न॑: पूषन्न॒घो वृको॑ दु॒:शेव॑ आ॒दिदे॑शति ।
अप॑ स्म॒ तं प॒थो ज॑हि ॥
yó na: pūṣannaghó vṛ́ko du:śéva ādídeśati.
ápa sma táṃ pathó jahi.

Drive, Pūṣan, from our road the wolf, the wicked inauspicious wolf,

Pinus palustris
Pinus palustris#Translingual

the resin of Pinus longifolia, now Pinus palustris


वृक

head

वृक • (Vṛ́ka) m

मध्यदेश मध्यदेश#Sanskrit

वार्केण्य वार्केण्य#Sanskrit

(in the plural) name of a people and a country (belonging to मध्यदेश (madhya-deśa)) (compare वार्केण्य (vārkeṇya))


देवृ

devṛ́ (romanization)
देवा (nominative singular)
देवरौ (dual nominative)
देवरा1 (dual nominative)
देवरः (nominative plural)
देवः (singular vocative)
देवरौ (dual vocative)
देवरा1 (dual vocative)
देवरः (plural vocative)
देवरम् (accusative singular)
देवरौ (accusative dual)
देवरा1 (accusative dual)
देवॄन् (accusative plural)
देव्रा (instrumental singular)
देवृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
देवृभिः (instrumental plural)
देव्रे (dative singular)
देवृभ्याम् (dative dual)
देवृभ्यः (dative plural)
देवुः (ablative singular)
देवृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
देवृभ्यः (ablative plural)
देवुः (genitive singular)
देव्रोः (dual genitive)
देवॄणाम् (genitive plural)
देवरि (locative singular)
देव्रोः (dual locative)
देवृषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dayHwár (“brother-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *dayh₂wḗr (“brother-in-law, husband’s brother”). Cognate with Latin levir, Ancient Greek δᾱήρ (dāḗr), Old English tācor, Russian де́верь (déverʹ), Lithuanian dieveris.

inh

स॒म्राज्ञी॒ श्वशु॑रे भव स॒म्राज्ञी॑ श्व॒श्र्वां भ॑व।
नना॑न्दरि स॒म्राज्ञी॑ भव स॒म्राज्ञी॒ अधि॑ दे॒वृषु॑॥
samrā́jñī śváśure bhava samrā́jñī śvaśrvā́ṃ bhava.

Be a queen to your father-in-law, be a queen to your mother-in-law, be a queen to your husband's sister, be a queen to your husband's brothers.

nánāndari samrā́jñī bhava samrā́jñī ádhi devṛ́ṣu.

woman's brother-in-law, husband's brother (especially his younger brother)

current husband of a previously married woman


भीति

bhīti (romanization)
भीतिः (nominative singular)
भीती (dual nominative)
भीतयः (nominative plural)
भीते (singular vocative)
भीती (dual vocative)
भीतयः (plural vocative)
भीतिम् (accusative singular)
भीती (accusative dual)
भीतीः (accusative plural)
भीत्या (instrumental singular)
भीती1 (instrumental singular)
भीतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भीतिभिः (instrumental plural)
भीतये (dative singular)
भीत्यै2 (dative singular)
भीती1 (dative singular)
भीतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
भीतिभ्यः (dative plural)
भीतेः (ablative singular)
भीत्याः2 (ablative singular)
भीत्यै3 (ablative singular)
भीतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भीतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
भीतेः (genitive singular)
भीत्याः2 (genitive singular)
भीत्यै3 (genitive singular)
भीत्योः (dual genitive)
भीतीनाम् (genitive plural)
भीतौ (locative singular)
भीत्याम्2 (locative singular)
भीता1 (locative singular)
भीत्योः (dual locative)
भीतिषु (locative plural)

→ Malayalam: ഭീതി (bhīti) (learned)

→ Marathi: भीती (bhītī) (learned)

→ Tamil: பீதி (pīti) (learned)

→ Telugu: భీతి (bhīti) (learned)


ऊर्णा

sa-noun

ऊर्णा • (ū́rṇā) stem, f

ū́rṇā (romanization)
ऊर्णा (nominative singular)
ऊर्णे (dual nominative)
ऊर्णाः (nominative plural)
ऊर्णे (singular vocative)
ऊर्णे (dual vocative)
ऊर्णाः (plural vocative)
ऊर्णाम् (accusative singular)
ऊर्णे (accusative dual)
ऊर्णाः (accusative plural)
ऊर्णया (instrumental singular)
ऊर्णा1 (instrumental singular)
ऊर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऊर्णाभिः (instrumental plural)
ऊर्णायै (dative singular)
ऊर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऊर्णाभ्यः (dative plural)
ऊर्णायाः (ablative singular)
ऊर्णायै2 (ablative singular)
ऊर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऊर्णाभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऊर्णायाः (genitive singular)
ऊर्णायै2 (genitive singular)
ऊर्णयोः (dual genitive)
ऊर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
ऊर्णायाम् (locative singular)
ऊर्णयोः (dual locative)
ऊर्णासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: वोन् (wōn)

Khasa Prakrit:

Dogri: unna

Devanagari script: उन्न

Dogra script: 𑠄𑠝𑠹𑠝

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: উণ (un)

Bengali: ঊণ (un)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਉੱਨ (unna)

Pali: uṇṇa

→ Kannada: ಉಣ್ಣೆ (uṇṇe)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (uṇṇā)

Kachchi: ઊન (ūna)

Hindustani:

Hindi: ऊन (ūn)

Urdu: اون (ūn)

→ Hindi: ऊर्णा (ūrṇā) (learned)

→ Tocharian A: urṇ

→ Tocharian B: *ūrṇ

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwŕ̥HnaH
Sanskrit ऊर्णा (ūrṇā)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwŕ̥HnaH (“wool”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁 (var^ənā), Ancient Greek λῆνος (lênos), Latin lāna, Lithuanian vìlna, English wool.

inh+

उत स्म ते परुष्ण्याम्ऊर्णा वसत शुन्ध्यवः।
उत पव्या रथानामद्रिं भिन्दन्त्योजसा॥
uta sma te paruṣṇyāmūrṇā vasata śundhyavaḥ.
uta pavyā rathānāmadriṃ bhindantyojasā.

And with their chariot tires they cleave the rock asunder in their might.

Fair-gleaming, on Paruṣṇī they have clothed themselves in robes of wool,


जाया

jāyā́ (romanization)
जाया (nominative singular)
जाये (dual nominative)
जायाः (nominative plural)
जाये (singular vocative)
जाये (dual vocative)
जायाः (plural vocative)
जायाम् (accusative singular)
जाये (accusative dual)
जायाः (accusative plural)
जायया (instrumental singular)
जाया1 (instrumental singular)
जायाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जायाभिः (instrumental plural)
जायायै (dative singular)
जायाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जायाभ्यः (dative plural)
जायायाः (ablative singular)
जायायै2 (ablative singular)
जायाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जायाभ्यः (ablative plural)
जायायाः (genitive singular)
जायायै2 (genitive singular)
जाययोः (dual genitive)
जायानाम् (genitive plural)
जायायाम् (locative singular)
जाययोः (dual locative)
जायासु (locative plural)

Pali: jāyā

Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀬𑀸 (jāyā)

Gujarati: જાઈ (jāī)

Hindustani: jā

Hindi: जा

Urdu: جا

Kumaoni: जै (jai)

→ Thai: ชายา (chaa-yaa, “royal wife”)

/ˈd͡ʑɑː.jɑː/

Exact origin obscure, but ultimately from either Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, produce”) (thus literally “one who begets”) or *ǵemH- (“to marry”).

जार

ȷ́ā́ra, ȷ́ārá

suitor, paramour, lover, intimate companion

जामि

female relative; daughter-in-law; consanguinity


यात्रा

yātrā (romanization)
यात्रा (nominative singular)
यात्रे (dual nominative)
यात्राः (nominative plural)
यात्रे (singular vocative)
यात्रे (dual vocative)
यात्राः (plural vocative)
यात्राम् (accusative singular)
यात्रे (accusative dual)
यात्राः (accusative plural)
यात्रया (instrumental singular)
यात्रा1 (instrumental singular)
यात्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यात्राभिः (instrumental plural)
यात्रायै (dative singular)
यात्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
यात्राभ्यः (dative plural)
यात्रायाः (ablative singular)
यात्रायै2 (ablative singular)
यात्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यात्राभ्यः (ablative plural)
यात्रायाः (genitive singular)
यात्रायै2 (genitive singular)
यात्रयोः (dual genitive)
यात्राणाम् (genitive plural)
यात्रायाम् (locative singular)
यात्रयोः (dual locative)
यात्रासु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: যাত্রা (jatra)

→ Burmese: ယတြာ (ya.tra)

→ English: yatra

→ Hindi: यात्रा (yātrā)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: yātra
> Javanese: ꦪꦠꦿ (yatra) (inherited)

Pali: yātrā

→ Khmer: យាត្រា (yiətraa)

→ Thai: ยาตรา (yâat-dtraa)

→ Punjabi: ਯਾਤਰਾ (yātrā)

→ Tamil: இயாத்திரை (iyāttirai)

→ Telugu: యాత్ర (yātra)

/ˈjɑːt̪.ɾɑː/

support of life, livelihood, maintenance


हृद्

hṛ́d (romanization)
हृत् (nominative singular)
हृदी (dual nominative)
हृदि (nominative plural)
हृत् (singular vocative)
हृदी (dual vocative)
हृदि (plural vocative)
हृत् (accusative singular)
हृदी (accusative dual)
हृदि (accusative plural)
हृदा (instrumental singular)
हृद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हृद्भिः (instrumental plural)
हृदे (dative singular)
हृद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
हृद्भ्यः (dative plural)
हृदः (ablative singular)
हृद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
हृद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
हृदः (genitive singular)
हृदोः (dual genitive)
हृदाम् (genitive plural)
हृदि (locative singular)
हृदोः (dual locative)
हृत्सु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰŕ̥d-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥d-, oblique case stem of *ḱḗr (“heart”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬛 (zərəd), Ancient Greek καρδίᾱ (kardíā), Hittite 𒆠𒅕 (kir), Old Church Slavonic срьдьцє (srĭdĭce), Latin cor, German Herz, Old English heorte (whence English heart). Related to हृदय (hṛ́daya).

कद्रु॒द्राय॒ प्रचे॑तसे मी॒ळ्हुष्ट॑माय॒ तव्य॑से ।
वो॒चेम॒ शंत॑मं हृ॒दे ॥
kádrudrā́ya prácetase mīḷhúṣṭamāya távyase.

What shall we sing to Rudra, strong, most generous, excellently wise,
That shall be dearest to his heart?


श्वशुर

śváśura (romanization)
श्वशुरः (nominative singular)
श्वशुरौ (dual nominative)
श्वशुरा1 (dual nominative)
श्वशुराः (nominative plural)
श्वशुरासः1 (nominative plural)
श्वशुर (singular vocative)
श्वशुरौ (dual vocative)
श्वशुरा1 (dual vocative)
श्वशुराः (plural vocative)
श्वशुरासः1 (plural vocative)
श्वशुरम् (accusative singular)
श्वशुरौ (accusative dual)
श्वशुरा1 (accusative dual)
श्वशुरान् (accusative plural)
श्वशुरेण (instrumental singular)
श्वशुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वशुरैः (instrumental plural)
श्वशुरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्वशुराय (dative singular)
श्वशुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वशुरेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्वशुरात् (ablative singular)
श्वशुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वशुरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्वशुरस्य (genitive singular)
श्वशुरयोः (dual genitive)
श्वशुराणाम् (genitive plural)
श्वशुरे (locative singular)
श्वशुरयोः (dual locative)
श्वशुरेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: išpášur

Khowar: اِشپاشُور (išpašúr)

desc

Kashmiri: ہِہُر (hihur), ہیُٛہُر (hyuhur)

q

from unassimilated Sanskrit <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">*स्वशुर</i> (svaśura)

Gandhari: 𐨯𐨿𐨤𐨭𐨂𐨪 (spaśura) (from unassimilated Sanskrit *स्वशुर (svaśura))

Pali: sasura

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲𑀼𑀭 (sasura), 𑀲𑀼𑀲𑀼𑀭 (susura)
Central:
Hindustani:
Hindi: ससुर (sasur)
Urdu: سُسَر (susar)
Eastern:
Bengali-Assamese:
Assamese: শহুৰ (xohur)
Bengali: শ্বশুর (śśośur), শউর (śour), হউর (hour)
Sylheti: ꠢꠃꠞ (hoúr)
Odia: ଶ୍ୱଶୁର (śwaśura)
Northern:
Nepali: ससुरा (sasurā)
Northwestern:
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਸਹੁਰਾ (sahurā)
Shahmukhi script: سَوہرا (sauhrā)
Western:
Gujarati: સસરો (sasro)
Romani: sastro

→ Telugu: శ్వశురుడు (śvaśuruḍu)

/ɕʋɐ́.ɕu.ɾɐ/

/ˈɕʋɐ.ɕu.ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *swáćuras, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱuros (“father-in-law”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἑκυρός (hekurós), Latin socer, Old English sweor.

सा वसु॒ दध॑ती॒ श्वशु॑राय॒ वय॒ उषो॒ यदि॒ वष्ट्यन्ति॑गृहात् ।
अस्तं॑ ननक्षे॒ यस्मि॑ञ्चा॒कन्दिवा॒ नक्तं॑ श्नथि॒ता वै॑त॒सेन॑ ॥
sā́ vásu dádhatī śváśurāya váya úṣo yádi váṣṭyántigṛhāt.

Giving her husband's father life and riches, from the neighbouring dwelling, when her lover craved her,
She sought the home wherein she found her pleasure, accepting day and night her husband's embraces.

ástaṃ nanakṣe yásmiñcākándívā náktaṃ śnathitā́ vaitaséna.

father-in-law (either the husband's or the wife's father)


वत्स

vatsá (romanization)
वत्सः (nominative singular)
वत्सौ (dual nominative)
वत्सा1 (dual nominative)
वत्साः (nominative plural)
वत्सासः1 (nominative plural)
वत्स (singular vocative)
वत्सौ (dual vocative)
वत्सा1 (dual vocative)
वत्साः (plural vocative)
वत्सासः1 (plural vocative)
वत्सम् (accusative singular)
वत्सौ (accusative dual)
वत्सा1 (accusative dual)
वत्सान् (accusative plural)
वत्सेन (instrumental singular)
वत्साभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वत्सैः (instrumental plural)
वत्सेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वत्साय (dative singular)
वत्साभ्याम् (dative dual)
वत्सेभ्यः (dative plural)
वत्सात् (ablative singular)
वत्साभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वत्सेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वत्सस्य (genitive singular)
वत्सयोः (dual genitive)
वत्सानाम् (genitive plural)
वत्से (locative singular)
वत्सयोः (dual locative)
वत्सेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: বাছা (basa)

Bengali: বাছা (bacha), বাছুর (bachur)

Pali: vaccha

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀙 (vaccha)

Hindi: बाछा (bāchā)

⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀉𑀟 (vacchaüḍa)

Dardic:

Kalasha: bač̣họ́a

Khowar: بَݯھوڑ (bac̣hóɫ)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani:

Hindi: बछड़ा (bachṛā)

Urdu: بچھڑا (bachṛā)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wet-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *wétos
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *watsás
Sanskrit वत्स (vatsa)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *watsás (“yearling, calf”), from Proto-Indo-European *wet- (“year”). Cognate with Persian بچه (bačče, “child, kid”). Compare also Finnish vasa (“calf, fawn”), inherited from an Indo-Iranian borrowing.

inh

निश्चर्म॑ण ऋभवो॒ गाम॑पिंशत॒ सं व॒त्सेना॑सृजता मा॒तरं॒ पुनः॑ ।
níścármaṇa ṛbhavo gā́mapiṃśata sáṃ vatsénāsṛjatā mātáraṃ púnaḥ.

Out of skin, O Ṛbhus, once ye formed a cow, and brought the mother close unto her calf again.

the young of any animal, offspring, child

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

संवत्सम् संवत्सम्#Sanskrit

त्रिवत्स त्रिवत्स#Sanskrit

(only in compounds like संवत्सम् (saṃvatsam, “for a year”) and त्रिवत्स (trivatsa, “three years old”)) a year


वत्स

vatsa (romanization)
वत्सः (nominative singular)
वत्सौ (dual nominative)
वत्सा1 (dual nominative)
वत्साः (nominative plural)
वत्सासः1 (nominative plural)
वत्स (singular vocative)
वत्सौ (dual vocative)
वत्सा1 (dual vocative)
वत्साः (plural vocative)
वत्सासः1 (plural vocative)
वत्सम् (accusative singular)
वत्सौ (accusative dual)
वत्सा1 (accusative dual)
वत्सान् (accusative plural)
वत्सेन (instrumental singular)
वत्साभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वत्सैः (instrumental plural)
वत्सेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वत्साय (dative singular)
वत्साभ्याम् (dative dual)
वत्सेभ्यः (dative plural)
वत्सात् (ablative singular)
वत्साभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वत्सेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वत्सस्य (genitive singular)
वत्सयोः (dual genitive)
वत्सानाम् (genitive plural)
वत्से (locative singular)
वत्सयोः (dual locative)
वत्सेषु (locative plural)
वत्सम् (nominative singular)
वत्से (dual nominative)
वत्सानि (nominative plural)
वत्सा1 (nominative plural)
वत्स (singular vocative)
वत्से (dual vocative)
वत्सानि (plural vocative)
वत्सा1 (plural vocative)
वत्सम् (accusative singular)
वत्से (accusative dual)
वत्सानि (accusative plural)
वत्सा1 (accusative plural)
वत्सेन (instrumental singular)
वत्साभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वत्सैः (instrumental plural)
वत्सेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वत्साय (dative singular)
वत्साभ्याम् (dative dual)
वत्सेभ्यः (dative plural)
वत्सात् (ablative singular)
वत्साभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वत्सेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वत्सस्य (genitive singular)
वत्सयोः (dual genitive)
वत्सानाम् (genitive plural)
वत्से (locative singular)
वत्सयोः (dual locative)
वत्सेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: বাছা (bacha)

Bengali: বৎস (botśo)

desc

→ Telugu: వత్సము (vatsamu), వత్సుడు (vatsuḍu)


वाति

sa-verb

वाति • (vā́ti) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, present, root वा)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwā́ti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wḗh₁ti. Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vāⁱti), Ancient Greek ἄημι (áēmi, “I blow”), Proto-Slavic *vě̀ti (“to blow”), German wehen (“to blow”), Old English wāwan (“to blow”).

to procure or bestow anything (acc.) by blowing

to emit an odour, be diffused (as perfume)


वमति

वमति • (vámati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root वम्)

vámati (romanization)
वम् (root)
वमति (present)
वमति (active indicative singular third-person)
वमतः (active dual indicative third-person)
वमन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
वमसि (active indicative second-person singular)
वमथः (active dual indicative second-person)
वमथ (active indicative plural second-person)
वमामि (active first-person indicative singular)
वमावः (active dual first-person indicative)
वमामः (active first-person indicative plural)
वमामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
वमतु (active imperative singular third-person)
वमताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
वमन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
वम (active imperative second-person singular)
वमतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
वमत (active imperative plural second-person)
वमानि (active first-person imperative singular)
वमाव (active dual first-person imperative)
वमाम (active first-person imperative plural)
वमेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
वमेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
वमेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
वमेः (active imperative second-person singular)
वमेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
वमेत (active imperative plural second-person)
वमेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
वमेव (active dual first-person imperative)
वमेम (active first-person imperative plural)
वमात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
वमाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
वमातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
वमान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
वमाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
वमासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
वमाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
वमाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
वमानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
वमाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
वमाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
वमत् (active participle)
अवमत् (imperfect)
अवमत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अवमताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अवमन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अवमः (active indicative second-person singular)
अवमतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अवमत (active indicative plural second-person)
अवमम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अवमाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अवमाम (active first-person indicative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: bómik

Assamese: বমি (bomi)

Bengali: বমি (bomi)

Kashmiri: ومُن (wamun)

Thematized from earlier वमिति (vámiti), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wemh₁- (“to spew, vomit”). Cognate with Latin vomō, Ancient Greek ἐμέω (eméō).

der

to vomit, spit out, eject (literally and figuratively)


नारी

nā́rī (romanization)
नारी (nominative singular)
नार्यौ (dual nominative)
नारी1 (dual nominative)
नार्यः (nominative plural)
नारीः1 (nominative plural)
नारि (singular vocative)
नार्यौ (dual vocative)
नारी1 (dual vocative)
नार्यः (plural vocative)
नारीः1 (plural vocative)
नारीम् (accusative singular)
नार्यौ (accusative dual)
नारी1 (accusative dual)
नारीः (accusative plural)
नार्या (instrumental singular)
नारीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नारीभिः (instrumental plural)
नार्यै (dative singular)
नारीभ्याम् (dative dual)
नारीभ्यः (dative plural)
नार्याः (ablative singular)
नार्यै2 (ablative singular)
नारीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नारीभ्यः (ablative plural)
नार्याः (genitive singular)
नार्यै2 (genitive singular)
नार्योः (dual genitive)
नारीणाम् (genitive plural)
नार्याम् (locative singular)
नार्योः (dual locative)
नारीषु (locative plural)

Pali: nārī

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀭𑀻 (ṇārī)

Hindi: नार (nār)

Punjabi: ਨਾਰ (nār)

Sindhi: ناريِ (nāri)

→ Bengali: নারী (nari)

→ Hindi: नारी (nārī)

→ Kannada: ನಾರಿ (nāri)

→ Malayalam: നാരി (nāri)

→ Punjabi: ਨਾਰੀ (nārī, “female”)

→ Tamil: நாரி (nāri)

→ Telugu: నారి (nāri)

→ Thai: นารี (naa-rii)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnā́riH (“woman”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬭𐬍 (nāⁱrī, “woman”), Middle Persian n'(y)lyk' (nārīg, “woman, lady wife”).

cog

अर्च॑न्ति॒ नारी॑र् अ॒पसो॒ न वि॒ष्टिभि॑: समा॒नेन॒ योज॑ने॒ना प॑रा॒वत॑:।
इषं॒ वह॑न्तीः सु॒कृते॑ सु॒दान॑वे॒ विश्वेदह॒ यज॑मानाय सुन्व॒ते॥
árcanti nā́rīr apáso ná viṣṭíbhi: samānéna yójanenā́ parāváta:.

They sing their song like women active in their tasks, along their common path hither from far away, bringing refreshment to the liberal devotee, yea, all things to the worshipper who pours the juice.

íṣaṃ váhantīḥ sukṛ́te sudā́nave víśvédáha yájamānāya sunvaté.

female or any object regarded as feminine


बिडाली

biḍālī (romanization)
बिडाली (nominative singular)
बिडाल्यौ (dual nominative)
बिडाल्यः (nominative plural)
बिडालि (singular vocative)
बिडाल्यौ (dual vocative)
बिडाल्यः (plural vocative)
बिडालीम् (accusative singular)
बिडाल्यौ (accusative dual)
बिडालीः (accusative plural)
बिडाल्या (instrumental singular)
बिडालीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बिडालीभिः (instrumental plural)
बिडाल्यै (dative singular)
बिडालीभ्याम् (dative dual)
बिडालीभ्यः (dative plural)
बिडाल्याः (ablative singular)
बिडालीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बिडालीभ्यः (ablative plural)
बिडाल्याः (genitive singular)
बिडाल्योः (dual genitive)
बिडालीनाम् (genitive plural)
बिडाल्याम् (locative singular)
बिडाल्योः (dual locative)
बिडालीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of बिडाली

बिडालीभ्याम्

बिडालीभ्याम्

बिडालीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

बिडालीभ्याम्

बिडालीभ्याम्

बिडालीभ्याम्

a particular disease and the female demon presiding over it


नगर

nágara (romanization)
nagará (romanization)
नगरम् (nominative singular)
नगरे (dual nominative)
नगराणि (nominative plural)
नगरा1 (nominative plural)
नगर (singular vocative)
नगरे (dual vocative)
नगराणि (plural vocative)
नगरा1 (plural vocative)
नगरम् (accusative singular)
नगरे (accusative dual)
नगराणि (accusative plural)
नगरा1 (accusative plural)
नगरेण (instrumental singular)
नगराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नगरैः (instrumental plural)
नगरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नगराय (dative singular)
नगराभ्याम् (dative dual)
नगरेभ्यः (dative plural)
नगरात् (ablative singular)
नगराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नगरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नगरस्य (genitive singular)
नगरयोः (dual genitive)
नगराणाम् (genitive plural)
नगरे (locative singular)
नगरयोः (dual locative)
नगरेषु (locative plural)
नगरम् (nominative singular)
नगरे (dual nominative)
नगराणि (nominative plural)
नगरा1 (nominative plural)
नगर (singular vocative)
नगरे (dual vocative)
नगराणि (plural vocative)
नगरा1 (plural vocative)
नगरम् (accusative singular)
नगरे (accusative dual)
नगराणि (accusative plural)
नगरा1 (accusative plural)
नगरेण (instrumental singular)
नगराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नगरैः (instrumental plural)
नगरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नगराय (dative singular)
नगराभ्याम् (dative dual)
नगरेभ्यः (dative plural)
नगरात् (ablative singular)
नगराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नगरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नगरस्य (genitive singular)
नगरयोः (dual genitive)
नगराणाम् (genitive plural)
नगरे (locative singular)
नगरयोः (dual locative)
नगरेषु (locative plural)

/ˈn̪ɐ.ɡɐ.ɾɐ/

Tedesco derives the word from a dissimilating Prakritization of an unattested compound *नृगर (*nṛgará, “gathering of men”), from नृ (nṛ) + *गर (gara), the latter related to ग्राम (grāma, “village”) and Ancient Greek ᾰ̓γορᾱ́ (ăgorā́, “assembly”) (although Mayrhofer doubts Tedesco's derivation and considers the word to be borrowed from Dravidian to Indo-Aryan). It is likely the ultimate source of similar words in Dravidian; compare Old Tamil 𑀦𑀓𑀭𑁆 (nakar, “house, palace, temple, city”), Telugu నగరు (nagaru, “palace”). Southworth derives the word from Proto-South Dravidian *nakar.

cog

अथ स्म नगरे रामः चरन् भैक्षम् गृहे वसेत् ।
काम कारः वरम् दातुम् अपि दासम् मम आत्मजम् ॥
atha sma nagare rāmaḥ caran bhaikṣam gṛhe vaset.

2002 translation by K. M. K. Murthy
Even giving my son to her as a slave would have been better. By that Rama would have at least stayed in the house by doing the work entrusted by her and roaming about in the city, asking alms.

kāma kāraḥ varam dātum api dāsam mama ātmajam.


नगर

nágara (romanization)
नगरः (nominative singular)
नगरौ (dual nominative)
नगराः (nominative plural)
नगर (singular vocative)
नगरौ (dual vocative)
नगराः (plural vocative)
नगरम् (accusative singular)
नगरौ (accusative dual)
नगरान् (accusative plural)
नगरेन (instrumental singular)
नगराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नगरैः (instrumental plural)
नगराय (dative singular)
नगराभ्याम् (dative dual)
नगरेभ्यः (dative plural)
नगरात् (ablative singular)
नगराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नगरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नगरस्य (genitive singular)
नगरयोः (dual genitive)
नगरानाम् (genitive plural)
नगरे (locative singular)
नगरयोः (dual locative)
नगरेषु (locative plural)
नगरा (nominative singular)
नगरे (dual nominative)
नगराः (nominative plural)
नगरे (singular vocative)
नगरे (dual vocative)
नगराः (plural vocative)
नगराम् (accusative singular)
नगरे (accusative dual)
नगराः (accusative plural)
नगरया (instrumental singular)
नगराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नगराभिः (instrumental plural)
नगरायै (dative singular)
नगराभ्याम् (dative dual)
नगराभ्यः (dative plural)
नगरायाः (ablative singular)
नगराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नगराभ्यः (ablative plural)
नगरायाः (genitive singular)
नगरयोः (dual genitive)
नगरानाम् (genitive plural)
नगरायाम् (locative singular)
नगरयोः (dual locative)
नगरासु (locative plural)
नगरम् (nominative singular)
नगरे (dual nominative)
नगरानि (nominative plural)
नगर (singular vocative)
नगरे (dual vocative)
नगरानि (plural vocative)
नगरम् (accusative singular)
नगरे (accusative dual)
नगरानि (accusative plural)
नगरेन (instrumental singular)
नगराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नगरैः (instrumental plural)
नगराय (dative singular)
नगराभ्याम् (dative dual)
नगरेभ्यः (dative plural)
नगरात् (ablative singular)
नगराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नगरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नगरस्य (genitive singular)
नगरयोः (dual genitive)
नगरानाम् (genitive plural)
नगरे (locative singular)
नगरयोः (dual locative)
नगरेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of नगर

Feminine ā-stem declension of नगर

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">नगर</i>

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀡𑀬𑀭 (ṇayara)

Old Gujarati: नयर (nayara)

Gujarati: નેર (ner)

Hindi: -नेर (-ner)

→ Assamese: নগৰ (nôgôr)

→ Bengali: নগর (nogor)

→ Burmese: နဂိုရ် (na.guir); နဂရ (na.ga.ra.)

→ Chakma: 𑄚𑄧𑄉𑄧𑄢𑄴 (nagar)

→ Dhivehi: ނަގަރު (nagaru)

→ Gujarati: નગર (nagar)

→ Hindi: नगर (nagar)

→ Khmer: នគរ (nɔɔnɔkɔɔ)

→ Kannada: ನಗರ (nagara)

→ Lao: ນະຄອນ (na khǭn)

→ Lü: ᦓᦅᦸᧃ (nkoan), ᦓᦅᦟ (nkl)

→ Malayalam: നഗരം (nagaraṁ)

desctree

→ Malay: negara (نݢارا)
Indonesian: negara
→ English: negara

→ Marathi: नगर (nagar)

→ Middle Khmer: [Term?] (“ʼaṅgara”)

desc

Khmer: អង្គរ (ʼɑɑʼɑngkɔɔ)

Khmer: អង្គរ (ʼɑɑʼɑngkɔɔ)

→ Nepali: नगर (nagar)

→ Newar: नगर (nagara)

→ Odia: ନଗର (nagara)

→ Old Gujarati: नगर (nagara)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: nagara
Javanese: ꦤꦒꦫ (nagara), ꦤꦒꦫꦶ (nagari), ꦤꦼꦒꦫ (negara), ꦤꦼꦒꦫꦶ (negari)
→ Balinese: ᬦᬵᬕᬭ → ᬦᭂᬕᬭ

→ Old Tamil: 𑀦𑀓𑀭𑁆 (nakar)
Tamil: நகர் (nakar)

Pali: nagara

→ Punjabi: ਨਗਰ (nagar)

→ Sinhalese: නගරය (nagaraya)

→ Sylheti: ꠘꠉꠞ (nogor)

→ Tamil: நகரம் (nakaram)

→ Telugu: నగరము (nagaramu)

→ Thai: นคร (ná-kɔɔn)

→ Urdu: نگر (nagar)

/ˈn̪ɐ.ɡɐ.ɾɐ/


कृत्ति

kṛtti (romanization)
कृत्तिः (nominative singular)
कृत्ती (dual nominative)
कृत्तयः (nominative plural)
कृत्ते (singular vocative)
कृत्ती (dual vocative)
कृत्तयः (plural vocative)
कृत्तिम् (accusative singular)
कृत्ती (accusative dual)
कृत्तीः (accusative plural)
कृत्त्या (instrumental singular)
कृत्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
कृत्त्यै (dative singular)
कृत्तये (dative singular)
कृत्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्त्याः (ablative singular)
कृत्तेः (ablative singular)
कृत्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्त्याः (genitive singular)
कृत्तेः (genitive singular)
कृत्त्योः (dual genitive)
कृत्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्त्याम् (locative singular)
कृत्तौ (locative singular)
कृत्त्योः (dual locative)
कृत्तिषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine i-stem declension of कृत्ति

कृत्तिभ्याम्

कृत्त्यै / कृत्तये

कृत्तिभ्याम्

कृत्त्याः / कृत्तेः

कृत्तिभ्याम्

कृत्त्याः / कृत्तेः

कृत्त्याम् / कृत्तौ

sa-decl-noun/cell

कृत्त्याः / कृत्तेः

कृत्तिभ्याम्

कृत्त्यै / कृत्तये

कृत्तिभ्याम्

कृत्त्याः / कृत्तेः

कृत्तिभ्याम्

कृत्त्याः / कृत्तेः

कृत्त्याम् / कृत्तौ