जहाति

sa-verb

जहाति • (jáhāti) third-singular indicative (class 3, type P, present, root हा)

jáhāti (romanization)
हा (root)
जहाति (present)
जहाति (active indicative singular third-person)
जहीतः (active dual indicative third-person)
जहितः (active dual indicative third-person)
जहति (active indicative plural third-person)
जहासि (active indicative second-person singular)
जहीथः (active dual indicative second-person)
जहिथः (active dual indicative second-person)
जहीथ (active indicative plural second-person)
जहिथ (active indicative plural second-person)
जहामि (active first-person indicative singular)
जहीवः (active dual first-person indicative)
जहिवः (active dual first-person indicative)
जहीमः (active first-person indicative plural)
जहिमः (active first-person indicative plural)
जहातु (active imperative singular third-person)
जहीताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
जहिताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
जहतु (active imperative plural third-person)
जहीहि (active imperative second-person singular)
जहिहि (active imperative second-person singular)
जहीतात् (active imperative second-person singular)
जहीतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
जहितम् (active dual imperative second-person)
जहीत (active imperative plural second-person)
जहित (active imperative plural second-person)
जहानि (active first-person imperative singular)
जहाव (active dual first-person imperative)
जहाम (active first-person imperative plural)
जह्यात् (active imperative singular third-person)
जह्याताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
जह्युः (active imperative plural third-person)
जह्याः (active imperative second-person singular)
जह्यातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
जह्यात (active imperative plural second-person)
जह्याम् (active first-person imperative singular)
जह्याव (active dual first-person imperative)
जह्याम (active first-person imperative plural)
जहात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
जहाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
जहातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
जहान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
जहाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
जहासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
जहाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
जहाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
जहानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
जहा (active first-person singular subjunctive)
जहाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
जहाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
जहत् (active participle)
अजहात् (imperfect)
अजहात् (active indicative singular third-person)
अजहीताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अजहिताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अजहुः (active indicative plural third-person)
अजहाः (active indicative second-person singular)
अजहीतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अजहितम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अजहीत (active indicative plural second-person)
अजहित (active indicative plural second-person)
अजहातन (active indicative plural second-person)
अजहाम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अजहीव (active dual first-person indicative)
अजहिव (active dual first-person indicative)
अजहीम (active first-person indicative plural)
अजहिम (active first-person indicative plural)

/d͡ʑɐ́.ɦɑː.ti/

/d͡ʑɐˈɦɑː.t̪i/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ȷ́áźʰaHti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰáȷ́ʰaHti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰé-ǵʰeh₁-ti (“to abandon, leave”), from *ǵʰeh₁- (“to go, walk”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬰𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (zazāⁱti), Latin hērēs, Ancient Greek χήρα (khḗra, “widow”), Old English gān (“to go”) (whence English go).

inh

*ȷ́ʰáȷ́ʰaHti


हा

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰaH-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁-. This root is not always easily distinguishable from the one below, and some derived terms of that root are perhaps originally derived from this one.

inh+

to leave, abandon, desert, quit, forsake, relinquish

to put away, take off, remove, lay aside, give up, renounce, resign, avoid, shun, abstain or refrain from.

शर्धम् शर्धम्

to cause to emit (with शर्धम्, ‘to cause to break wind’)


हा

From the middle voice of the same Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰeh₁- as the root above. This root is not always easily distinguishable from the one above, and some derived terms of that root are perhaps originally derived from this one.

to start or spring forward, bound away, give way to [with dative]

to go or depart or betake one's self to have recourse to [with accusative]


हे

Bengali: হে (he)

Hindi: हे (he)

Probably ultimately a natural expression, like English hey, Latin eia.


आरा

ā́rā (romanization)
आरा (nominative singular)
आरे (dual nominative)
आराः (nominative plural)
आरे (singular vocative)
आरे (dual vocative)
आराः (plural vocative)
आराम् (accusative singular)
आरे (accusative dual)
आराः (accusative plural)
आरया (instrumental singular)
आरा1 (instrumental singular)
आराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आराभिः (instrumental plural)
आरायै (dative singular)
आराभ्याम् (dative dual)
आराभ्यः (dative plural)
आरायाः (ablative singular)
आरायै2 (ablative singular)
आराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आराभ्यः (ablative plural)
आरायाः (genitive singular)
आरायै2 (genitive singular)
आरयोः (dual genitive)
आराणाम् (genitive plural)
आरायाम् (locative singular)
आरयोः (dual locative)
आरासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: ٲر (ạ̄r), ऑर (ạ̄r)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: ආර (āra)

→ Khotanese: [script needed] (ārä)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: আল (al, “sharp point, spur”)

Bengali: আরা (ara)

Magahi: 𑂄𑂩𑂲 (ārī)

Odia: ଆର (āra)

Pali: ārā

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: આર (āra, “iron spike”)

Hindi: आरा (ārā)

Marathi: आरी (ārī, “iron spike”)

Nepali: आरो (āro)

desc

Punjabi: ਆਰ (āra, “awl, prod”), ਆਰਾ (ārā, “saw, sawmill”), ਆਰੀ (ārī, “handsaw”)

Vaghri: આર (āra, “iron spike”)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ól-eh₂ (“awl”). Cognate with Old High German āla (whence German Ahle), Old English æl (whence English awl).

परि॑ तृन्धि पणी॒नाम्अर॑या॒ हृद॑या कवे ।
अथे॑म॒स्मभ्यं॑ रन्धय ॥
pári tṛndhi paṇīnā́márayā hṛ́dayā kave.

Penetrate with an awl, O Sage, the hearts of avaricious churls, and make them subject to our will.

an awl (a small pointed instrument for piercing small holes in wood or leather; used by shoemakers)


आकार

ākāra (romanization)
आकारः (nominative singular)
आकारौ (dual nominative)
आकारा1 (dual nominative)
आकाराः (nominative plural)
आकारासः1 (nominative plural)
आकार (singular vocative)
आकारौ (dual vocative)
आकारा1 (dual vocative)
आकाराः (plural vocative)
आकारासः1 (plural vocative)
आकारम् (accusative singular)
आकारौ (accusative dual)
आकारा1 (accusative dual)
आकारान् (accusative plural)
आकारेण (instrumental singular)
आकाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आकारैः (instrumental plural)
आकारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आकाराय (dative singular)
आकाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
आकारेभ्यः (dative plural)
आकारात् (ablative singular)
आकाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आकारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आकारस्य (genitive singular)
आकारयोः (dual genitive)
आकाराणाम् (genitive plural)
आकारे (locative singular)
आकारयोः (dual locative)
आकारेषु (locative plural)

→ Pali: ākāra

→ Gujarati: આકાર (ākār)

Compound of आ (ā, the letter) + कार (kāra, term designating a letter or sound)


आकार

→ Gujarati: આકાર (ākār)

→ Hindi: आकार (ākār)

→ Marathi: आकार (ākār)

→ Telugu: ఆకారము (ākāramu)

→ Thai: อาการ (aa-gaan)


महत्त्व

mahattva (romanization)
महत्त्वम् (nominative singular)
महत्त्वे (dual nominative)
महत्त्वानि (nominative plural)
महत्त्वा1 (nominative plural)
महत्त्व (singular vocative)
महत्त्वे (dual vocative)
महत्त्वानि (plural vocative)
महत्त्वा1 (plural vocative)
महत्त्वम् (accusative singular)
महत्त्वे (accusative dual)
महत्त्वानि (accusative plural)
महत्त्वा1 (accusative plural)
महत्त्वेन (instrumental singular)
महत्त्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
महत्त्वैः (instrumental plural)
महत्त्वेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
महत्त्वाय (dative singular)
महत्त्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
महत्त्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
महत्त्वात् (ablative singular)
महत्त्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
महत्त्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
महत्त्वस्य (genitive singular)
महत्त्वयोः (dual genitive)
महत्त्वानाम् (genitive plural)
महत्त्वे (locative singular)
महत्त्वयोः (dual locative)
महत्त्वेषु (locative plural)

Pali: mahatta

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀡 (mahattaṇa)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: މެހެތި (meheti)

Sinhalese: මහත (mahata)

Western:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: mahatt

Gurmukhi script: ਮਹੱਤ

Shahmukhi script: مَہَتّ

/mɐˈɦɐt̪.t̪ʋɐ/

[mɐˈɦɐt̪̚.t̪ʋɐ]

From महत् (mahat, “great”) + -त्व (-tva).


पश्यति

sa-verb

पश्यति • (páśyati) third-singular indicative (class 4, type P, present, root दृश्)

páśyati (romanization)
दृश् (root)
पश्यति (present)
पश्यते (present)
पश्यति (active indicative singular third-person)
पश्यतः (active dual indicative third-person)
पश्यन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
पश्यते (indicative singular third-person)
पश्येते (dual indicative third-person)
पश्यन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
पश्यसि (active indicative second-person singular)
पश्यथः (active dual indicative second-person)
पश्यथ (active indicative plural second-person)
पश्यसे (indicative second-person singular)
पश्येथे (dual indicative second-person)
पश्यध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
पश्यामि (active first-person indicative singular)
पश्यावः (active dual first-person indicative)
पश्यामः (active first-person indicative plural)
पश्यामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
पश्ये (first-person indicative singular)
पश्यावहे (dual first-person indicative)
पश्यामहे (first-person indicative plural)
पश्यतु (active imperative singular third-person)
पश्यताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
पश्यन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
पश्यताम् (imperative singular third-person)
पश्येताम् (dual imperative third-person)
पश्यन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
पश्य (active imperative second-person singular)
पश्यतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
पश्यत (active imperative plural second-person)
पश्यस्व (imperative second-person singular)
पश्येथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
पश्यध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
पश्यानि (active first-person imperative singular)
पश्याव (active dual first-person imperative)
पश्याम (active first-person imperative plural)
पश्यै (first-person imperative singular)
पश्यावहै (dual first-person imperative)
पश्यामहै (first-person imperative plural)
पश्येत् (active imperative singular third-person)
पश्येताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
पश्येयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
पश्येत (imperative singular third-person)
पश्येयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
पश्येरन् (imperative plural third-person)
पश्येः (active imperative second-person singular)
पश्येतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
पश्येत (active imperative plural second-person)
पश्येथाः (imperative second-person singular)
पश्येयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
पश्येध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
पश्येयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
पश्येव (active dual first-person imperative)
पश्येम (active first-person imperative plural)
पश्येय (first-person imperative singular)
पश्येवहि (dual first-person imperative)
पश्येमहि (first-person imperative plural)
पश्यात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
पश्याति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
पश्यातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
पश्यान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
पश्याते (singular subjunctive third-person)
पश्यातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
पश्यैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
पश्यन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
पश्यान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
पश्याः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
पश्यासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
पश्याथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
पश्याथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
पश्यासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
पश्यासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
पश्यैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
पश्याध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
पश्यानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
पश्याव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
पश्याम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
पश्यै (first-person singular subjunctive)
पश्यावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
पश्यामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
पश्यत् (active participle)
पश्यमान (participle)
अपश्यत् (imperfect)
अपश्यत (imperfect)
अपश्यत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अपश्यताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अपश्यन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अपश्यत (indicative singular third-person)
अपश्येताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अपश्यन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अपश्यः (active indicative second-person singular)
अपश्यतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अपश्यत (active indicative plural second-person)
अपश्यथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अपश्येथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अपश्यध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अपश्यम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अपश्याव (active dual first-person indicative)
अपश्याम (active first-person indicative plural)
अपश्ये (first-person indicative singular)
अपश्यावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अपश्यामहि (first-person indicative plural)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑀲𑀢𑀺 (pasati)
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀲𑀇 (pāsaï)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀲𑀇 (pāsaï)
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Sindhi: پَسَڻُ / पसणु

Dardic:

Khowar: پوشیک (pošík)

Shina: पश्योनॊ (paśyōno)

Pali: passati

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *(s)páśyati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *spáćyati, from Proto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti, present form of *speḱ-; see there for cognates. The root is suppletive - although पश्यति (paśyati) derives from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ-, the root is derived from Proto-Indo-European *derḱ-.


मीन

mīna (romanization)
मीनः (nominative singular)
मीनौ (dual nominative)
मीना1 (dual nominative)
मीनाः (nominative plural)
मीनासः1 (nominative plural)
मीन (singular vocative)
मीनौ (dual vocative)
मीना1 (dual vocative)
मीनाः (plural vocative)
मीनासः1 (plural vocative)
मीनम् (accusative singular)
मीनौ (accusative dual)
मीना1 (accusative dual)
मीनान् (accusative plural)
मीनेन (instrumental singular)
मीनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मीनैः (instrumental plural)
मीनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मीनाय (dative singular)
मीनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मीनेभ्यः (dative plural)
मीनात् (ablative singular)
मीनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मीनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मीनस्य (genitive singular)
मीनयोः (dual genitive)
मीनानाम् (genitive plural)
मीने (locative singular)
मीनयोः (dual locative)
मीनेषु (locative plural)

→ Burmese: မိန် (min)

→ Hindi: मीन (mīn)

Marathi: मीन (mīn)

→ Old Javanese: mīna
> Javanese: ꦩꦶꦤ (mina) (inherited)

Pali: mīna
→ Khmer: មីន (miin)
→ Thai: มีน (miin)

→ Khmer: មីនា (miinaa)

→ Telugu: మీనము (mīnamu)

→ Thai: มีน (miin)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *mīn; compare Tamil மீன் (mīṉ). Alternative derivations from Proto-Indo-European (compare Ancient Greek μαίνη (maínē, “blotched picarel”), English minnow, Russian мин (min, “burbot”), Latvian mitrs (“moist”)) are less likely.

noncog

(astrology, astronomy) the sign of the zodiac Pisces


आणि

→ Malayalam: ആണി (āṇi)

→ Tamil: ஆணி (āṇi)

→ Telugu: ఆణి (āṇi)

the part of the leg just above the knee (Śuśr.)


जनिमन्

jániman (romanization)
जनिम (nominative singular)
जनिम्नी (dual nominative)
जनिमनी (dual nominative)
जनिमानि (nominative plural)
जनिम1 (nominative plural)
जनिमा1 (nominative plural)
जनिमन् (singular vocative)
जनिम (singular vocative)
जनिम्नी (dual vocative)
जनिमनी (dual vocative)
जनिमानि (plural vocative)
जनिम1 (plural vocative)
जनिमा1 (plural vocative)
जनिम (accusative singular)
जनिम्नी (accusative dual)
जनिमनी (accusative dual)
जनिमानि (accusative plural)
जनिम1 (accusative plural)
जनिमा1 (accusative plural)
जनिम्ना (instrumental singular)
जनिमभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जनिमभिः (instrumental plural)
जनिम्ने (dative singular)
जनिमभ्याम् (dative dual)
जनिमभ्यः (dative plural)
जनिम्नः (ablative singular)
जनिमभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जनिमभ्यः (ablative plural)
जनिम्नः (genitive singular)
जनिम्नोः (dual genitive)
जनिम्नाम् (genitive plural)
जनिम्नि (locative singular)
जनिमनि (locative singular)
जनिमन्1 (locative singular)
जनिम्नोः (dual locative)
जनिमसु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ȷ́ánHma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ánHma, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁mn̥; cognate with Latin genimen. By surface analysis, जन् (jan) + -मन् (-man).


जुषति

sa-verb

जुषति • (juṣati) third-singular indicative (class 6, type P, root जुष्)

juṣati (romanization)
जुष् (root)
जुषति (present)
जुषति (active indicative singular third-person)
जुषतः (active dual indicative third-person)
जुषन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
जुषसि (active indicative second-person singular)
जुषथः (active dual indicative second-person)
जुषथ (active indicative plural second-person)
जुषामि (active first-person indicative singular)
जुषावः (active dual first-person indicative)
जुषामः (active first-person indicative plural)
जुषतु (active imperative singular third-person)
जुषताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
जुषन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
जुष (active imperative second-person singular)
जुषतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
जुषत (active imperative plural second-person)
जुषाणि (active first-person imperative singular)
जुषाव (active dual first-person imperative)
जुषाम (active first-person imperative plural)
जुषेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
जुषेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
जुषेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
जुषेः (active imperative second-person singular)
जुषेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
जुषेत (active imperative plural second-person)
जुषेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
जुषेव (active dual first-person imperative)
जुषेम (active first-person imperative plural)
जुषत् (active participle)
अजुषत् (imperfect)
अजुषत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अजुषताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अजुषन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अजुषः (active indicative second-person singular)
अजुषतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अजुषत (active indicative plural second-person)
अजुषम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अजुषाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अजुषाम (active first-person indicative plural)

जुषते जुषते#Sanskrit

Alternative form of जुषते (juṣate), with active endings.


वैडूर्य

vaiḍūrya (romanization)
वैडूर्यम् (nominative singular)
वैडूर्ये (dual nominative)
वैडूर्याणि (nominative plural)
वैडूर्य (singular vocative)
वैडूर्ये (dual vocative)
वैडूर्याणि (plural vocative)
वैडूर्यम् (accusative singular)
वैडूर्ये (accusative dual)
वैडूर्याणि (accusative plural)
वैडूर्येण (instrumental singular)
वैडूर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैडूर्यैः (instrumental plural)
वैडूर्याय (dative singular)
वैडूर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैडूर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वैडूर्यात् (ablative singular)
वैडूर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैडूर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैडूर्यस्य (genitive singular)
वैडूर्ययोः (dual genitive)
वैडूर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
वैडूर्ये (locative singular)
वैडूर्ययोः (dual locative)
वैडूर्येषु (locative plural)
वैडूर्यः (nominative singular)
वैडूर्यौ (dual nominative)
वैडूर्याः (nominative plural)
वैडूर्य (singular vocative)
वैडूर्यौ (dual vocative)
वैडूर्याः (plural vocative)
वैडूर्यम् (accusative singular)
वैडूर्यौ (accusative dual)
वैडूर्यान् (accusative plural)
वैडूर्येण (instrumental singular)
वैडूर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैडूर्यैः (instrumental plural)
वैडूर्याय (dative singular)
वैडूर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैडूर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वैडूर्यात् (ablative singular)
वैडूर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैडूर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैडूर्यस्य (genitive singular)
वैडूर्ययोः (dual genitive)
वैडूर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
वैडूर्ये (locative singular)
वैडूर्ययोः (dual locative)
वैडूर्येषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">वैडूर्य</i>

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्येभ्यः

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्येभ्यः

वैडूर्याणाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्येभ्यः

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्येभ्यः

वैडूर्याणाम्

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of वैडूर्य

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्येभ्यः

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्येभ्यः

वैडूर्याणाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्येभ्यः

वैडूर्याभ्याम्

वैडूर्येभ्यः

वैडूर्याणाम्

ltc-l

→ Chinese: 吠瑠璃 (MC bjojH lje), 毗琉璃 (MC bjij ljuw lje), 薜琉璃 (MC bejH|peak ljuw lje)，碧琉璃 (MC pjiek ljuw lje), 毘瑠璃 (MC lje), 鞞頭梨 (MC pjie|bej|pjeX|pengX duw lij), 鞞稠梨夜 (MC pjie|bej|pjeX|pengX drjuw lij yaeH)

→ Telugu: వైడూర్యము (vaiḍūryamu)

→ Thai: ไพฑูรย์ (pai-tuun)

/ʋɑːj.ɖuːɾ.jɐ/

/ʋɑjˈɖuːɾ.jɐ/

Traditionally explained (Pāṇini, Aṣṭādhyāyī, 4.3.84) as mineral being named after the city of Vidūra (from विदूरात्यः (Vidūrāt syaḥ)). The Sanskrit word is a derivation of Pali veḷuriya (“beryl”), itself borrowed from Dravidian, an adjectival form of veḷur (“white town”) - compare Telugu వెలి (veli, “white”) and ఊరు (ūru, “town”). Vēḷur (modern-day Bēlūr) was the beryl mining capital city known as Vidūra to Pāṇini. The original meaning of the South Indian word was "white crystals of quartz and beryl" (preserved in Arabic and Persian borrowing), and later "coloured (blue and green) beryl", as retained in Pali and Sanskrit.

(at the end of a compound) a jewel; anything excellent of its kind

वैडूर्यपर्वत वैडूर्यपर्वत#Sanskrit

name of a particular mountain (also वैडूर्यपर्वत (vaiḍūryaparvata)) (MBh., VarBṛS. etc.)


नलद

nálada (romanization)
नलदः (nominative singular)
नलदौ (dual nominative)
नलदाः (nominative plural)
नलद (singular vocative)
नलदौ (dual vocative)
नलदाः (plural vocative)
नलदम् (accusative singular)
नलदौ (accusative dual)
नलदान् (accusative plural)
नलदेन (instrumental singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नलदैः (instrumental plural)
नलदाय (dative singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नलदेभ्यः (dative plural)
नलदात् (ablative singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नलदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नलदस्य (genitive singular)
नलदयोः (dual genitive)
नलदानाम् (genitive plural)
नलदे (locative singular)
नलदयोः (dual locative)
नलदेषु (locative plural)
नलदम् (nominative singular)
नलदे (dual nominative)
नलदानि (nominative plural)
नलद (singular vocative)
नलदे (dual vocative)
नलदानि (plural vocative)
नलदम् (accusative singular)
नलदे (accusative dual)
नलदानि (accusative plural)
नलदेन (instrumental singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नलदैः (instrumental plural)
नलदाय (dative singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नलदेभ्यः (dative plural)
नलदात् (ablative singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नलदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नलदस्य (genitive singular)
नलदयोः (dual genitive)
नलदानाम् (genitive plural)
नलदे (locative singular)
नलदयोः (dual locative)
नलदेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of नलद

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">नलद</i>

qualifier

→ Phoenician: (via an uncertain intermediary; a reverse (Semitic-to-Sanskrit) loan has also been suggested)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: νάρδος (nárdos)
Greek: νάρδος (nárdos)
→ Gothic: 𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (nardus) (possibly via Latin)
→ Latin: nardus
→ Catalan: nard
Italian: nardo
→ Middle Dutch: nardus
Dutch: nardus
Old French: narde
French: nard
→ Middle Dutch: narde
→ Middle English: narde
English: nard
Romanian: nard
Spanish: nardo
→ Old Armenian: նարդոս (nardos)
→ Old Georgian: ნარდი (nardi), ნარდიონი (nardioni), ლარდიონი (lardioni)
Georgian: ნარდი (nardi)
→ Old East Slavic: нардъ (nardŭ)
Russian: нард (nard)
→ Serbo-Croatian: на̏рд, nȁrd

/ˈn̪ɐ.l̪ɐ.d̪ɐ/

Of uncertain origin, though perhaps a derivative of नड (naḍá, “reed, hollow stalk”), probably via an intermediate नाल (nāla, “tube, vein; made of reeds”), owing to the plant's stalk-like structure.

Nardostachys jatamansi
Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual

Nardostachys jatamansi, Indian spikenard (AV., Suśr. etc.)

Chrysopogon zizanioides
Chrysopogon zizanioides#Translingual

root of Chrysopogon zizanioides, formerly Andropogon muricatus (Naish.)

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis#Translingual

(only in neuter) the blossom of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (L.)

(only in neuter) the honey or nectar of a flower (L.)


नलद

nálada (romanization)
नलदः (nominative singular)
नलदौ (dual nominative)
नलदाः (nominative plural)
नलद (singular vocative)
नलदौ (dual vocative)
नलदाः (plural vocative)
नलदम् (accusative singular)
नलदौ (accusative dual)
नलदान् (accusative plural)
नलदेन (instrumental singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नलदैः (instrumental plural)
नलदाय (dative singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नलदेभ्यः (dative plural)
नलदात् (ablative singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नलदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नलदस्य (genitive singular)
नलदयोः (dual genitive)
नलदानाम् (genitive plural)
नलदे (locative singular)
नलदयोः (dual locative)
नलदेषु (locative plural)
नलदा (nominative singular)
नलदे (dual nominative)
नलदाः (nominative plural)
नलदे (singular vocative)
नलदे (dual vocative)
नलदाः (plural vocative)
नलदाम् (accusative singular)
नलदे (accusative dual)
नलदाः (accusative plural)
नलदया (instrumental singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नलदाभिः (instrumental plural)
नलदायै (dative singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नलदाभ्यः (dative plural)
नलदायाः (ablative singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नलदाभ्यः (ablative plural)
नलदायाः (genitive singular)
नलदयोः (dual genitive)
नलदानाम् (genitive plural)
नलदायाम् (locative singular)
नलदयोः (dual locative)
नलदासु (locative plural)
नलदम् (nominative singular)
नलदे (dual nominative)
नलदानि (nominative plural)
नलद (singular vocative)
नलदे (dual vocative)
नलदानि (plural vocative)
नलदम् (accusative singular)
नलदे (accusative dual)
नलदानि (accusative plural)
नलदेन (instrumental singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नलदैः (instrumental plural)
नलदाय (dative singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नलदेभ्यः (dative plural)
नलदात् (ablative singular)
नलदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नलदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नलदस्य (genitive singular)
नलदयोः (dual genitive)
नलदानाम् (genitive plural)
नलदे (locative singular)
नलदयोः (dual locative)
नलदेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of नलद

Feminine ā-stem declension of नलद

/ˈn̪ɐ.l̪ɐ.d̪ɐ/


प्रति

head

प्रति • (práti)

sa-adv

प्रति • (práti)

→ Bengali: প্রতি (proti)

→ Gujarati: પ્રતિ (prati)

→ Hindi: प्रति (prati)

→ Telugu: ప్రతి (prati)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *práti, from Proto-Indo-European *per-, *próti, *préti. Cognates include Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (paⁱti), Ancient Greek πρός (prós), Latin pretium.


सहस्रम्

सहस्र सहस्र#Sanskrit

nominative neuter singular of सहस्र (sahasra)

सहस्र सहस्र#Sanskrit

accusative neuter singular of सहस्र (sahasra)

सहस्र सहस्र#Sanskrit

accusative masculine singular of सहस्र (sahasra)


दिव्य

divyá (romanization)
दिव्यः (nominative singular)
दिव्यौ (dual nominative)
दिव्या1 (dual nominative)
दिव्याः (nominative plural)
दिव्यासः1 (nominative plural)
दिव्य (singular vocative)
दिव्यौ (dual vocative)
दिव्या1 (dual vocative)
दिव्याः (plural vocative)
दिव्यासः1 (plural vocative)
दिव्यम् (accusative singular)
दिव्यौ (accusative dual)
दिव्या1 (accusative dual)
दिव्यान् (accusative plural)
दिव्येन (instrumental singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दिव्यैः (instrumental plural)
दिव्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दिव्याय (dative singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
दिव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
दिव्यात् (ablative singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दिव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिव्यस्य (genitive singular)
दिव्ययोः (dual genitive)
दिव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
दिव्ये (locative singular)
दिव्ययोः (dual locative)
दिव्येषु (locative plural)
दिव्या (nominative singular)
दिव्ये (dual nominative)
दिव्याः (nominative plural)
दिव्ये (singular vocative)
दिव्ये (dual vocative)
दिव्याः (plural vocative)
दिव्याम् (accusative singular)
दिव्ये (accusative dual)
दिव्याः (accusative plural)
दिव्यया (instrumental singular)
दिव्या1 (instrumental singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दिव्याभिः (instrumental plural)
दिव्यायै (dative singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
दिव्याभ्यः (dative plural)
दिव्यायाः (ablative singular)
दिव्यायै2 (ablative singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दिव्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिव्यायाः (genitive singular)
दिव्यायै2 (genitive singular)
दिव्ययोः (dual genitive)
दिव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
दिव्यायाम् (locative singular)
दिव्ययोः (dual locative)
दिव्यासु (locative plural)
दिव्यम् (nominative singular)
दिव्ये (dual nominative)
दिव्यानि (nominative plural)
दिव्या1 (nominative plural)
दिव्य (singular vocative)
दिव्ये (dual vocative)
दिव्यानि (plural vocative)
दिव्या1 (plural vocative)
दिव्यम् (accusative singular)
दिव्ये (accusative dual)
दिव्यानि (accusative plural)
दिव्या1 (accusative plural)
दिव्येन (instrumental singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दिव्यैः (instrumental plural)
दिव्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दिव्याय (dative singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
दिव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
दिव्यात् (ablative singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दिव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिव्यस्य (genitive singular)
दिव्ययोः (dual genitive)
दिव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
दिव्ये (locative singular)
दिव्ययोः (dual locative)
दिव्येषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀤𑀺𑀯𑁆𑀯 (divva)

Pali: dibba

→ Hindi: दिव्य (divya)

→ Kannada: ದಿವ್ಯ (divya)

→ Old Khmer: dibya

Khmer: ទិព្វ (tɨp)

→ Thai: ทิพย์ (típ)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *diwyás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *diwyás, from Proto-Indo-European *diwyós (“heavenly, divine”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δῖος (dîos), Latin dīus.

inh

भूरी॑णि॒ हि त्वे द॑धि॒रे अनी॒काग्ने॑ दे॒वस्य॒ यज्य॑वो॒ जना॑सः।
स आ व॑ह दे॒वता॑तिं यविष्ठ॒ शर्धो॒ यद॒द्य दि॒व्यं यजा॑सि॥
bhū́rīṇi hí tvé dadhiré ánīkā́gne devásya yájyavo jánāsaḥ.

Men as they worship thee the God, O Agni, have set on thee full many a brilliant, aspect.
So bring Most Youthful One, the Gods’ assembly, the Heavenly Host which thou to-day shalt honour.

sá ā́ vaha devátātiṃ yaviṣṭha śárdho yádadyá divyáṃ yájāsi.

ता न॑: शक्तं॒ पार्थि॑वस्य म॒हो रा॒यो दि॒व्यस्य॑।
महि॑ वां क्ष॒त्रं दे॒वेषु॑॥
tā́ na: śaktaṃ pā́rthivasya mahó rāyó divyásya.

So help ye us to riches, great terrestrial and celestial wealth:
Vast is your sway among the Gods.


दिव्य

divyá (romanization)
दिव्यम् (nominative singular)
दिव्ये (dual nominative)
दिव्यानि (nominative plural)
दिव्या1 (nominative plural)
दिव्य (singular vocative)
दिव्ये (dual vocative)
दिव्यानि (plural vocative)
दिव्या1 (plural vocative)
दिव्यम् (accusative singular)
दिव्ये (accusative dual)
दिव्यानि (accusative plural)
दिव्या1 (accusative plural)
दिव्येन (instrumental singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दिव्यैः (instrumental plural)
दिव्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दिव्याय (dative singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
दिव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
दिव्यात् (ablative singular)
दिव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दिव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिव्यस्य (genitive singular)
दिव्ययोः (dual genitive)
दिव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
दिव्ये (locative singular)
दिव्ययोः (dual locative)
दिव्येषु (locative plural)

(in the plural) the celestial regions, the sky, heaven

अग्नि अग्नि#Sanskrit

तण्डुल तण्डुल#Sanskrit

तुलसी तुलसी#Sanskrit

ordeal (10 kinds, viz. तुला (tulā), अग्नि (agni), जल (jala), विष (viṣa), कोश (kośa), तण्डुल (taṇḍula), तप्त-माष (tapta-māṣa), फाल (phāla), धर्माधर्म (dharmādharma), तुलसी (tulasī), compare ss.vv.) YĀjñ. ii, 22, 95 Pañc. i, 450/451, 451, 452, etc.


क्षत्र

kṣatrá (romanization)
क्षत्रम् (nominative singular)
क्षत्रे (dual nominative)
क्षत्राणि (nominative plural)
क्षत्रा1 (nominative plural)
क्षत्र (singular vocative)
क्षत्रे (dual vocative)
क्षत्राणि (plural vocative)
क्षत्रा1 (plural vocative)
क्षत्रम् (accusative singular)
क्षत्रे (accusative dual)
क्षत्राणि (accusative plural)
क्षत्रा1 (accusative plural)
क्षत्रेण (instrumental singular)
क्षत्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
क्षत्रैः (instrumental plural)
क्षत्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
क्षत्राय (dative singular)
क्षत्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
क्षत्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
क्षत्रात् (ablative singular)
क्षत्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
क्षत्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
क्षत्रस्य (genitive singular)
क्षत्रयोः (dual genitive)
क्षत्राणाम् (genitive plural)
क्षत्रे (locative singular)
क्षत्रयोः (dual locative)
क्षत्रेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: খাত (khat), খাতা (khata)

Bengali: খাতা (khata)

Gujarati: ખાતું (khātũ)

Hindi: खाता (khātā)

Marathi: खाते (khāte)

Old Marathi: 𑘬𑘰𑘝𑘹 (ṣāte)

Odia: ଖାତା (khātā)

Punjabi: ਖੱਤਾ (khattā)

Pali: khatta

desctree

Urdu: کھاتا (khātā), کَھاتَہ (khāta)
→ Punjabi: کھاتا (khātā)

→ Telugu: క్షాత్రము (kṣātramu)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kṣatrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to obtain”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra, “kingdom”), Bactrian ϸαο (šao), Old Persian 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (xšaça-, “kingdom, realm”), whence Persian شَهر (šahr), and Old Armenian աշխարհ (ašxarh).


दुस्-

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dews-?
Proto-Indo-European *dus-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-
Sanskrit दुस्- (dus-)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-, from Proto-Indo-European *dus-. Cognate with Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “hard, difficult”), Old Armenian տ- (t-, a negative prefix), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬱- (duš-), Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-); Old Irish do-.

cog

दुस्- (dus-) + कर्म (karma, “act, action”) → दुष्कर्म (duṣkarma, “evil act”)

badly, hardly; slight, inferior, etc., often = English in- or un-.

दुᳶ- — optionally before प्

दुः- (duḥ-) — before श्, ष्, स् (ś, ṣ, s) and rarely before क्, ख्, प्, फ् (k, kh, p, ph)


लिङ्ग

liṅga (romanization)
लिङ्गम् (nominative singular)
लिङ्गे (dual nominative)
लिङ्गानि (nominative plural)
लिङ्गा1 (nominative plural)
लिङ्ग (singular vocative)
लिङ्गे (dual vocative)
लिङ्गानि (plural vocative)
लिङ्गा1 (plural vocative)
लिङ्गम् (accusative singular)
लिङ्गे (accusative dual)
लिङ्गानि (accusative plural)
लिङ्गा1 (accusative plural)
लिङ्गेन (instrumental singular)
लिङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लिङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
लिङ्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लिङ्गाय (dative singular)
लिङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लिङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
लिङ्गात् (ablative singular)
लिङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लिङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लिङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
लिङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
लिङ्गानाम् (genitive plural)
लिङ्गे (locative singular)
लिङ्गयोः (dual locative)
लिङ्गेषु (locative plural)

Pali: liṅga

→ Thai: ลึงค์ (lʉng), ลิงค์ (ling) (or borrowed directly from Sanskrit)

Prakrit: 𑀮𑀺𑀁𑀕 (liṃga) (see there for further descendants)

→ English: lingam

→ Kannada: ಲಿಂಗ (liṅga)

→ Khmer: លិង្គ (lɨng)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *lingás ~ *ringás (“mark, sign, token”). Cognate with Avestan -𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬧𐬔𐬀 (-iriṇga) (attested in 𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬋𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬧𐬔𐬀 (haptōⁱriṇga, “the constellation Ursa Major”, literally “having seven signs”)), Sogdian [script needed] (pryng /paring/, “damask textile with markings on it”) (< *upa-ringa-).

cog

late 1st millennium BCE, Maitrāyaṇīya Upaniṣad

तामसो भूतसूक्ष्मादिर्यतः खं लिङ्ग्आत्मनः॥

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 3.5.32

The sky is a product of sound, and sound is the transformation of egoistic ignorance. In other words, the sky is the symbolic representation of the Supreme Soul.

tāmaso bhūtasūkṣmādiryataḥ khaṃ liṅgātmanaḥ.

यत्तत्कर्ममयं लिङ्गं ब्रह्मलिङ्गं जनोऽर्चयेत्। एकान्तमद्वयं शान्तं तस्मै भगवते नम इति॥
yattatkarmamayaṃ liṅgaṃ brahmaliṅgaṃ janoʼrcayet. ekāntamadvayaṃ śāntaṃ tasmai bhagavate nama iti.
[Lord Brahmā is] the form resulting from karma; and a person should worship that form of the Supreme Brahman. We pay our respects to the lord who is absolute and perfect, peaceful, and nondifferent [from Kṛṣṇa].

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 5.20.33

mark, spot, sign, token, badge, form, emblem, characteristic, representation

यशोदा नन्दपत्नी च जातं परमबुध्यत। न तल्लिङ्गं परिश्रान्ता निद्रयापगतस्मृतिः॥
yaśodā nandapatnī ca jātaṃ paramabudhyata. na talliṅgaṃ pariśrāntā nidrayāpagatasmṛtiḥ.

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.3.53

Exhausted by the labor of childbirth, Yaśodā, the wife of Nanda, was overwhelmed with sleep and unable to understand what was the gender of the child born to her.

(anatomy) the sign of gender or sex; organ of generation; genital

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

(Shaivism) lingam; (especially) the phallus of Shiva worshipped in the form of a stone or marble column which generally rises out of a yoni

any assumed or false badge or mark, guise, disguise

(logic) the invariable mark which proves the existence of anything in an object (as in the proposition ‘there is fire because there is smoke’, smoke is the liṅga)


इन्धन

Telugu: ఇంధనము (indhanamu)


इह

→ Hindi: इह (ih)

→ Urdu: اهہ (ih)

→ Malayalam: ഇഹം (ihaṁ)

→ Telugu: ఇహము (ihamu)

→ Kannada: ಇಹ (iha)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hidʰá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hidʰá, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁i-dʰe- (“here”). Compare Pali idha, Avestan 𐬌𐬛𐬁 (idā), 𐬌𐬜𐬀 (iδa), Ashokan Prakrit 𑀇𑀥 (idha).

पूषन्तव व्रते वयं न रिष्येम कदा चन ।
स्तोतारस्त इह स्मसि ॥
pūṣantava vrate vayaṃ na riṣyema kadā cana.
stotārasta iha smasi.

Secure in thy protecting care, O Pūṣan, never may we fail.


इष्ट

sa-part

इष्ट • (iṣṭa) past passive participle (root इष्)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hiṣṭás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hištás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂is-tós, from *h₂eys- (“to want, to wish”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬀 (išta). Equivalent to इष् (iṣ) + -त (-ta).


इष्ट

head

इष्ट • (iṣṭá)

iṣṭá (romanization)
इष्टः (nominative singular)
इष्टौ (dual nominative)
इष्टा1 (dual nominative)
इष्टाः (nominative plural)
इष्टासः1 (nominative plural)
इष्ट (singular vocative)
इष्टौ (dual vocative)
इष्टा1 (dual vocative)
इष्टाः (plural vocative)
इष्टासः1 (plural vocative)
इष्टम् (accusative singular)
इष्टौ (accusative dual)
इष्टा1 (accusative dual)
इष्टान् (accusative plural)
इष्टेन (instrumental singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इष्टैः (instrumental plural)
इष्टेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
इष्टाय (dative singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
इष्टेभ्यः (dative plural)
इष्टात् (ablative singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इष्टेभ्यः (ablative plural)
इष्टस्य (genitive singular)
इष्टयोः (dual genitive)
इष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
इष्टे (locative singular)
इष्टयोः (dual locative)
इष्टेषु (locative plural)
इष्टा (nominative singular)
इष्टे (dual nominative)
इष्टाः (nominative plural)
इष्टे (singular vocative)
इष्टे (dual vocative)
इष्टाः (plural vocative)
इष्टाम् (accusative singular)
इष्टे (accusative dual)
इष्टाः (accusative plural)
इष्टया (instrumental singular)
इष्टा1 (instrumental singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इष्टाभिः (instrumental plural)
इष्टायै (dative singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
इष्टाभ्यः (dative plural)
इष्टायाः (ablative singular)
इष्टायै2 (ablative singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इष्टाभ्यः (ablative plural)
इष्टायाः (genitive singular)
इष्टायै2 (genitive singular)
इष्टयोः (dual genitive)
इष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
इष्टायाम् (locative singular)
इष्टयोः (dual locative)
इष्टासु (locative plural)
इष्टम् (nominative singular)
इष्टे (dual nominative)
इष्टानि (nominative plural)
इष्टा1 (nominative plural)
इष्ट (singular vocative)
इष्टे (dual vocative)
इष्टानि (plural vocative)
इष्टा1 (plural vocative)
इष्टम् (accusative singular)
इष्टे (accusative dual)
इष्टानि (accusative plural)
इष्टा1 (accusative plural)
इष्टेन (instrumental singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इष्टैः (instrumental plural)
इष्टेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
इष्टाय (dative singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
इष्टेभ्यः (dative plural)
इष्टात् (ablative singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इष्टेभ्यः (ablative plural)
इष्टस्य (genitive singular)
इष्टयोः (dual genitive)
इष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
इष्टे (locative singular)
इष्टयोः (dual locative)
इष्टेषु (locative plural)


इष्ट

iṣṭá (romanization)
इष्टः (nominative singular)
इष्टौ (dual nominative)
इष्टा1 (dual nominative)
इष्टाः (nominative plural)
इष्टासः1 (nominative plural)
इष्ट (singular vocative)
इष्टौ (dual vocative)
इष्टा1 (dual vocative)
इष्टाः (plural vocative)
इष्टासः1 (plural vocative)
इष्टम् (accusative singular)
इष्टौ (accusative dual)
इष्टा1 (accusative dual)
इष्टान् (accusative plural)
इष्टेन (instrumental singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इष्टैः (instrumental plural)
इष्टेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
इष्टाय (dative singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
इष्टेभ्यः (dative plural)
इष्टात् (ablative singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इष्टेभ्यः (ablative plural)
इष्टस्य (genitive singular)
इष्टयोः (dual genitive)
इष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
इष्टे (locative singular)
इष्टयोः (dual locative)
इष्टेषु (locative plural)


इष्ट

iṣṭá (romanization)
इष्टम् (nominative singular)
इष्टे (dual nominative)
इष्टानि (nominative plural)
इष्टा1 (nominative plural)
इष्ट (singular vocative)
इष्टे (dual vocative)
इष्टानि (plural vocative)
इष्टा1 (plural vocative)
इष्टम् (accusative singular)
इष्टे (accusative dual)
इष्टानि (accusative plural)
इष्टा1 (accusative plural)
इष्टेन (instrumental singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इष्टैः (instrumental plural)
इष्टेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
इष्टाय (dative singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
इष्टेभ्यः (dative plural)
इष्टात् (ablative singular)
इष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इष्टेभ्यः (ablative plural)
इष्टस्य (genitive singular)
इष्टयोः (dual genitive)
इष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
इष्टे (locative singular)
इष्टयोः (dual locative)
इष्टेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: इष्ट (iṣṭa)

→ Malayalam: ഇഷ്ടം (iṣṭaṁ)

desc

→ Tamil: இட்டம் (iṭṭam), இஷ்டம் (iṣṭam) — colloquial

→ Telugu: ఇష్టము (iṣṭamu)


इष्ट

head

इष्ट • (iṣṭá)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hiṣṭás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hištás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁iǵ-tó-s (“worshipped”), from *h₁yaǵ- (“to worship”), whence also यजति (yájati). The Sanskrit root is यज् (yaj).


ईश

sa-adj

ईश • (īśá) stem

īśá (romanization)
ईशः (nominative singular)
ईशौ (dual nominative)
ईशा1 (dual nominative)
ईशाः (nominative plural)
ईशासः1 (nominative plural)
ईश (singular vocative)
ईशौ (dual vocative)
ईशा1 (dual vocative)
ईशाः (plural vocative)
ईशासः1 (plural vocative)
ईशम् (accusative singular)
ईशौ (accusative dual)
ईशा1 (accusative dual)
ईशान् (accusative plural)
ईशेन (instrumental singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ईशैः (instrumental plural)
ईशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ईशाय (dative singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ईशेभ्यः (dative plural)
ईशात् (ablative singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ईशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ईशस्य (genitive singular)
ईशयोः (dual genitive)
ईशानाम् (genitive plural)
ईशे (locative singular)
ईशयोः (dual locative)
ईशेषु (locative plural)
ईशा (nominative singular)
ईशे (dual nominative)
ईशाः (nominative plural)
ईशे (singular vocative)
ईशे (dual vocative)
ईशाः (plural vocative)
ईशाम् (accusative singular)
ईशे (accusative dual)
ईशाः (accusative plural)
ईशया (instrumental singular)
ईशा1 (instrumental singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ईशाभिः (instrumental plural)
ईशायै (dative singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ईशाभ्यः (dative plural)
ईशायाः (ablative singular)
ईशायै2 (ablative singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ईशाभ्यः (ablative plural)
ईशायाः (genitive singular)
ईशायै2 (genitive singular)
ईशयोः (dual genitive)
ईशानाम् (genitive plural)
ईशायाम् (locative singular)
ईशयोः (dual locative)
ईशासु (locative plural)
ईशम् (nominative singular)
ईशे (dual nominative)
ईशानि (nominative plural)
ईशा1 (nominative plural)
ईश (singular vocative)
ईशे (dual vocative)
ईशानि (plural vocative)
ईशा1 (plural vocative)
ईशम् (accusative singular)
ईशे (accusative dual)
ईशानि (accusative plural)
ईशा1 (accusative plural)
ईशेन (instrumental singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ईशैः (instrumental plural)
ईशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ईशाय (dative singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ईशेभ्यः (dative plural)
ईशात् (ablative singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ईशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ईशस्य (genitive singular)
ईशयोः (dual genitive)
ईशानाम् (genitive plural)
ईशे (locative singular)
ईशयोः (dual locative)
ईशेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HiHśás, form Proto-Indo-Iranian *HiHćás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyḱ- (“to own; ability, possession”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬁- (aēšā-, “ability, possessions”), Tocharian B aik- (“to know”), and Proto-Germanic *aiganą (Whence English own, Danish eje).
The Sanskrit root is ईश् (īś). See also ईश्वर (īśvará).


ईश

īśá (romanization)
ईशः (nominative singular)
ईशौ (dual nominative)
ईशा1 (dual nominative)
ईशाः (nominative plural)
ईशासः1 (nominative plural)
ईश (singular vocative)
ईशौ (dual vocative)
ईशा1 (dual vocative)
ईशाः (plural vocative)
ईशासः1 (plural vocative)
ईशम् (accusative singular)
ईशौ (accusative dual)
ईशा1 (accusative dual)
ईशान् (accusative plural)
ईशेन (instrumental singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ईशैः (instrumental plural)
ईशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ईशाय (dative singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ईशेभ्यः (dative plural)
ईशात् (ablative singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ईशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ईशस्य (genitive singular)
ईशयोः (dual genitive)
ईशानाम् (genitive plural)
ईशे (locative singular)
ईशयोः (dual locative)
ईशेषु (locative plural)

सुरेश

a lord of the gods, name of a god, of Indra

the number ‘eleven’ (as there are eleven Rudras)


ईश

īśa (romanization)
ईशः (nominative singular)
ईशौ (dual nominative)
ईशा1 (dual nominative)
ईशाः (nominative plural)
ईशासः1 (nominative plural)
ईश (singular vocative)
ईशौ (dual vocative)
ईशा1 (dual vocative)
ईशाः (plural vocative)
ईशासः1 (plural vocative)
ईशम् (accusative singular)
ईशौ (accusative dual)
ईशा1 (accusative dual)
ईशान् (accusative plural)
ईशेन (instrumental singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ईशैः (instrumental plural)
ईशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ईशाय (dative singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ईशेभ्यः (dative plural)
ईशात् (ablative singular)
ईशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ईशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ईशस्य (genitive singular)
ईशयोः (dual genitive)
ईशानाम् (genitive plural)
ईशे (locative singular)
ईशयोः (dual locative)
ईशेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: ईश (īś)

→ Telugu: ఈశుడు (īśuḍu)

→ Tamil: ஈசன் (īcaṉ)

an epithet of Shiva as regent of the north-east quarter


स्थापन

causing to stand, fixing, establishing, founding, instituting, raising, erecting (an image etc.)

strengthening (of the limbs), preservation or prolongation (of life) or a means of strengthening, etc

a means of stopping (the flow of blood), styptic

establishment or dialectical proof of a proposition

a particular process to which quicksilver is subjected


स्थाणु

head

स्थाणु • (sthāṇu)

स्थल्नु स्थल्नु

(accord. to some for स्थल्नु) standing firmly, stationary, firm, fixed, immovable, motionless


स्थाणु

(or n. g. अर्धर्चादि) a stump, stem, trunk, stake, post, pile, pillar (also as symbol of motionlessness)

name of शिव (who is supposed to remain as motionless as the trunk of a tree during his austerities)

प्रजा-पति प्रजा-पति

name of a प्रजा-पति

राक्षस राक्षस


బుద్ధ

बुद्ध बुद्ध#Sanskrit


బుద్ధ

बुद्ध बुद्ध#Sanskrit


स्थैर्य

sthairya (romanization)
स्थैर्यम् (nominative singular)
स्थैर्ये (dual nominative)
स्थैर्याणि (nominative plural)
स्थैर्या1 (nominative plural)
स्थैर्य (singular vocative)
स्थैर्ये (dual vocative)
स्थैर्याणि (plural vocative)
स्थैर्या1 (plural vocative)
स्थैर्यम् (accusative singular)
स्थैर्ये (accusative dual)
स्थैर्याणि (accusative plural)
स्थैर्या1 (accusative plural)
स्थैर्येण (instrumental singular)
स्थैर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्थैर्यैः (instrumental plural)
स्थैर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्थैर्याय (dative singular)
स्थैर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्थैर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
स्थैर्यात् (ablative singular)
स्थैर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्थैर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्थैर्यस्य (genitive singular)
स्थैर्ययोः (dual genitive)
स्थैर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
स्थैर्ये (locative singular)
स्थैर्ययोः (dual locative)
स्थैर्येषु (locative plural)

Telugu: స్థైర్యము (sthairyamu)

/ˈs̪t̪ʰɑjɾ.jɐ/

Vrddhi derivative of स्थिर (sthirá) with a -य (-ya) extension.

vrd-ya

steadfastness, constancy, perseverance, patience

firm attachment to, constant delight in (loc.)


स्थल

sthála (romanization)
स्थलम् (nominative singular)
स्थले (dual nominative)
स्थलानि (nominative plural)
स्थला1 (nominative plural)
स्थल (singular vocative)
स्थले (dual vocative)
स्थलानि (plural vocative)
स्थला1 (plural vocative)
स्थलम् (accusative singular)
स्थले (accusative dual)
स्थलानि (accusative plural)
स्थला1 (accusative plural)
स्थलेन (instrumental singular)
स्थलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्थलैः (instrumental plural)
स्थलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्थलाय (dative singular)
स्थलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्थलेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्थलात् (ablative singular)
स्थलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्थलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्थलस्य (genitive singular)
स्थलयोः (dual genitive)
स्थलानाम् (genitive plural)
स्थले (locative singular)
स्थलयोः (dual locative)
स्थलेषु (locative plural)

→ Gujarati: સ્થળ (sthaḷ)

→ Hindi: स्थल (sthal)

→ Marathi: स्थळ (sthaḷ)

desc

→ Malayalam: സ്ഥലം (sthalaṁ), തളം (taḷaṁ) — tadbhava

→ Tamil: தலம் (talam), ஸ்தலம் (stalam) — tatsama

→ Telugu: స్థలము (sthalamu)

/ˈs̪t̪ʰɐ.l̪ɐ/

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- or *stel-. However, Mayrhofer considers this semantically unconvincing, and prefers to link the word to Proto-Indo-European *sterh₁- (“to be stiff”), whence German starr (“rigid”). The root स्थल् (sthal, “to stand, to be firm”) is probably a back-formation from the noun.

स्थला

a heap of artificially raised earth, mound

dry land (opp. to damp low-land), firm earth (opp. to water)

तथाविध-स्थले


स्थल

sthala (romanization)
स्थलः (nominative singular)
स्थलौ (dual nominative)
स्थला1 (dual nominative)
स्थलाः (nominative plural)
स्थलासः1 (nominative plural)
स्थल (singular vocative)
स्थलौ (dual vocative)
स्थला1 (dual vocative)
स्थलाः (plural vocative)
स्थलासः1 (plural vocative)
स्थलम् (accusative singular)
स्थलौ (accusative dual)
स्थला1 (accusative dual)
स्थलान् (accusative plural)
स्थलेन (instrumental singular)
स्थलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्थलैः (instrumental plural)
स्थलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्थलाय (dative singular)
स्थलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्थलेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्थलात् (ablative singular)
स्थलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्थलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्थलस्य (genitive singular)
स्थलयोः (dual genitive)
स्थलानाम् (genitive plural)
स्थले (locative singular)
स्थलयोः (dual locative)
स्थलेषु (locative plural)

/ˈs̪t̪ʰɐ.l̪ɐ/


व्राण

head

व्राण • (vrāṇa)


वृत्य

वृत्य • (vṛtya)


अष्ठीवत्

sa-noun

अष्ठीवत् • (aṣṭhīvát) stem, m

aṣṭhīvát (romanization)
astcīvát (Vedic)

Early Assamese: আণ্ঠু (aṇṭhu)

Assamese: আঁঠু (ãthu), আণ্ঠু (anthu)

Bengali: হাঁটু (hãṭu)

Sylheti: ꠀꠑꠥ (aṭú)

/ɐʂ.ʈʰiː.ʋɐ́t/

/ɐʂˈʈʰiː.ʋɐt̪/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HaṣṭʰiHwánts, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HastčiHwánts. Cognate with Old Armenian ճիւ (čiw).
Lubotsky suggests that this word was certainly influenced by अस्थि (ásthi, “bone”), in part due to the rare cluster -ṣṭh-, possibly reflecting an earlier Rigvedic astcīvát.


वृति

vṛti (romanization)
वृतिः (nominative singular)
वृती (dual nominative)
वृतयः (nominative plural)
वृते (singular vocative)
वृती (dual vocative)
वृतयः (plural vocative)
वृतिम् (accusative singular)
वृती (accusative dual)
वृतीः (accusative plural)
वृत्या (instrumental singular)
वृती1 (instrumental singular)
वृतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृतिभिः (instrumental plural)
वृतये (dative singular)
वृत्यै2 (dative singular)
वृती1 (dative singular)
वृतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृतिभ्यः (dative plural)
वृतेः (ablative singular)
वृत्याः2 (ablative singular)
वृत्यै3 (ablative singular)
वृतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृतेः (genitive singular)
वृत्याः2 (genitive singular)
वृत्यै3 (genitive singular)
वृत्योः (dual genitive)
वृतीनाम् (genitive plural)
वृतौ (locative singular)
वृत्याम्2 (locative singular)
वृता1 (locative singular)
वृत्योः (dual locative)
वृतिषु (locative plural)

Pali: vati

→ Thai: วดี (-wá-dii)

a hedge, fence, an enclosed piece of ground or place enclosed for particular cultivation (especially that of the Piper betel, which in many parts of India is surrounded and screened by mats)


वारित

head

वारित • (vārita)

warded off, prevented, hindered, impeded, restrained.


भुज्

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (“to bend, curve”). Cognate with Ancient Greek φεύγω (pheúgō); Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (biugan), 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (baugjan); German biogan, biegen (“to bend, turn”); Old English būgan; English bow


भुज्

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to enjoy, consume”). Cognate with Latin fungor, whence English function and fungible.


भुज्

bhúj (romanization)
भुक् (nominative singular)
भुजौ (dual nominative)
भुजा1 (dual nominative)
भुजः (nominative plural)
भुक् (singular vocative)
भुजौ (dual vocative)
भुजा1 (dual vocative)
भुजः (plural vocative)
भुजम् (accusative singular)
भुजौ (accusative dual)
भुजा1 (accusative dual)
भुजः (accusative plural)
भुजा (instrumental singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भुग्भिः (instrumental plural)
भुजे (dative singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (dative dual)
भुग्भ्यः (dative plural)
भुजः (ablative singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
भुग्भ्यः (ablative plural)
भुजः (genitive singular)
भुजोः (dual genitive)
भुजाम् (genitive plural)
भुजि (locative singular)
भुजोः (dual locative)
भुक्षु (locative plural)

enjoyment, profit, advantage, possession or use of


भुज्

bhuj (romanization)
भुक् (nominative singular)
भुजौ (dual nominative)
भुजा1 (dual nominative)
भुजः (nominative plural)
भुक् (singular vocative)
भुजौ (dual vocative)
भुजा1 (dual vocative)
भुजः (plural vocative)
भुजम् (accusative singular)
भुजौ (accusative dual)
भुजा1 (accusative dual)
भुजः (accusative plural)
भुजा (instrumental singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भुग्भिः (instrumental plural)
भुजे (dative singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (dative dual)
भुग्भ्यः (dative plural)
भुजः (ablative singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
भुग्भ्यः (ablative plural)
भुजः (genitive singular)
भुजोः (dual genitive)
भुजाम् (genitive plural)
भुजि (locative singular)
भुजोः (dual locative)
भुक्षु (locative plural)
भुक् (nominative singular)
भुजौ (dual nominative)
भुजा1 (dual nominative)
भुजः (nominative plural)
भुक् (singular vocative)
भुजौ (dual vocative)
भुजा1 (dual vocative)
भुजः (plural vocative)
भुजम् (accusative singular)
भुजौ (accusative dual)
भुजा1 (accusative dual)
भुजः (accusative plural)
भुजा (instrumental singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भुग्भिः (instrumental plural)
भुजे (dative singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (dative dual)
भुग्भ्यः (dative plural)
भुजः (ablative singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
भुग्भ्यः (ablative plural)
भुजः (genitive singular)
भुजोः (dual genitive)
भुजाम् (genitive plural)
भुजि (locative singular)
भुजोः (dual locative)
भुक्षु (locative plural)
भुक् (nominative singular)
भुजी (dual nominative)
भुञ्जि (nominative plural)
भुक् (singular vocative)
भुजी (dual vocative)
भुञ्जि (plural vocative)
भुक् (accusative singular)
भुजी (accusative dual)
भुञ्जि (accusative plural)
भुजा (instrumental singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भुग्भिः (instrumental plural)
भुजे (dative singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (dative dual)
भुग्भ्यः (dative plural)
भुजः (ablative singular)
भुग्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
भुग्भ्यः (ablative plural)
भुजः (genitive singular)
भुजोः (dual genitive)
भुजाम् (genitive plural)
भुजि (locative singular)
भुजोः (dual locative)
भुक्षु (locative plural)

(at the end of a compound) enjoying (also carnally), eating, consuming, partaking of, possessing, ruling


वृत

vṛtá (romanization)
वृतः (nominative singular)
वृतौ (dual nominative)
वृता1 (dual nominative)
वृताः (nominative plural)
वृतासः1 (nominative plural)
वृत (singular vocative)
वृतौ (dual vocative)
वृता1 (dual vocative)
वृताः (plural vocative)
वृतासः1 (plural vocative)
वृतम् (accusative singular)
वृतौ (accusative dual)
वृता1 (accusative dual)
वृतान् (accusative plural)
वृतेन (instrumental singular)
वृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृतैः (instrumental plural)
वृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वृताय (dative singular)
वृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
वृतात् (ablative singular)
वृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृतस्य (genitive singular)
वृतयोः (dual genitive)
वृतानाम् (genitive plural)
वृते (locative singular)
वृतयोः (dual locative)
वृतेषु (locative plural)
वृता (nominative singular)
वृते (dual nominative)
वृताः (nominative plural)
वृते (singular vocative)
वृते (dual vocative)
वृताः (plural vocative)
वृताम् (accusative singular)
वृते (accusative dual)
वृताः (accusative plural)
वृतया (instrumental singular)
वृता1 (instrumental singular)
वृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृताभिः (instrumental plural)
वृतायै (dative singular)
वृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृताभ्यः (dative plural)
वृतायाः (ablative singular)
वृतायै2 (ablative singular)
वृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृताभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृतायाः (genitive singular)
वृतायै2 (genitive singular)
वृतयोः (dual genitive)
वृतानाम् (genitive plural)
वृतायाम् (locative singular)
वृतयोः (dual locative)
वृतासु (locative plural)
वृतम् (nominative singular)
वृते (dual nominative)
वृतानि (nominative plural)
वृता1 (nominative plural)
वृत (singular vocative)
वृते (dual vocative)
वृतानि (plural vocative)
वृता1 (plural vocative)
वृतम् (accusative singular)
वृते (accusative dual)
वृतानि (accusative plural)
वृता1 (accusative plural)
वृतेन (instrumental singular)
वृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृतैः (instrumental plural)
वृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वृताय (dative singular)
वृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
वृतात् (ablative singular)
वृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृतस्य (genitive singular)
वृतयोः (dual genitive)
वृतानाम् (genitive plural)
वृते (locative singular)
वृतयोः (dual locative)
वृतेषु (locative plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-
Proto-Indo-European *wer-?
Sanskrit वृ (vṛ)
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *-tás
Sanskrit -त (-ta)
Sanskrit वृत (vṛta)
From the root वृ (vṛ, “to cover”) + -त (-ta).

sa-root

एतद् आश्रमपदं दृश्यते कदलीवृतम् ।
क्रियतां तत् सखे शीघ्रं यदर्थं वयम् आगताः ॥
etad āśramapadaṃ dṛśyate kadalīvṛtam.

O friend, here the hermitage surrounded by banana plants is visible. Quickly get to work on the purpose for which we have come.

kriyatāṃ tat sakhe śīghraṃ yadarthaṃ vayam āgatāḥ.

concealed, screened, hidden, enveloped, surrounded by, covered with (instrumental case)

stopped, checked, held back, pent up (as rivers).

filled or endowed or provided or affected with (instrumental case)


कृति

kṛ́ti (romanization)
कृ (root)
कृतिः (nominative singular)
कृती (dual nominative)
कृतयः (nominative plural)
कृते (singular vocative)
कृती (dual vocative)
कृतयः (plural vocative)
कृतिम् (accusative singular)
कृती (accusative dual)
कृतीः (accusative plural)
कृत्या (instrumental singular)
कृती1 (instrumental singular)
कृतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृतिभिः (instrumental plural)
कृतये (dative singular)
कृत्यै2 (dative singular)
कृती1 (dative singular)
कृतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृतिभ्यः (dative plural)
कृतेः (ablative singular)
कृत्याः2 (ablative singular)
कृत्यै3 (ablative singular)
कृतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृतेः (genitive singular)
कृत्याः2 (genitive singular)
कृत्यै3 (genitive singular)
कृत्योः (dual genitive)
कृतीनाम् (genitive plural)
कृतौ (locative singular)
कृत्याम्2 (locative singular)
कृता1 (locative singular)
कृत्योः (dual locative)
कृतिषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: कृति (kŕti)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: kṛti
> Javanese: ꦏꦂꦠꦶ (karti), ꦏꦼꦂꦠꦶ (kerti) (inherited)

desc

Punjabi: ਕਿਰਤ (kirat, “work, labor, creation”)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kr̥tiṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tiš, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷr̥-tí-s, from *kʷer- (“to do, make”). Equivalent to the root कृ (kṛ) + -ति (-ti).

the act of doing, making, performing, manufacturing, composing

a kind of अनुष्टुभ् metre (consisting of two पादs of twelve syllables each and a third पाद of eight syllables)

another metre (a stanza of four lines with twenty syllables in each)

a collective name of the metres कृति, प्रक्°, आक्°, विक्°, संक्°, अभिक्°, and उत्कृति

name of the wife of संह्राद and mother of पञ्च-जन


कृति

kṛti (romanization)
कृतिः (nominative singular)
कृती (dual nominative)
कृतयः (nominative plural)
कृते (singular vocative)
कृती (dual vocative)
कृतयः (plural vocative)
कृतिम् (accusative singular)
कृती (accusative dual)
कृतीन् (accusative plural)
कृतिना (instrumental singular)
कृत्या1 (instrumental singular)
कृतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृतिभिः (instrumental plural)
कृतये (dative singular)
कृतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृतिभ्यः (dative plural)
कृतेः (ablative singular)
कृत्यः1 (ablative singular)
कृतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृतेः (genitive singular)
कृत्यः1 (genitive singular)
कृत्योः (dual genitive)
कृतीनाम् (genitive plural)
कृतौ (locative singular)
कृता1 (locative singular)
कृत्योः (dual locative)
कृतिषु (locative plural)


कृति

kṛtí (romanization)
कृत् (root)
कृतिः (nominative singular)
कृती (dual nominative)
कृतयः (nominative plural)
कृते (singular vocative)
कृती (dual vocative)
कृतयः (plural vocative)
कृतिम् (accusative singular)
कृती (accusative dual)
कृतीः (accusative plural)
कृत्या (instrumental singular)
कृती1 (instrumental singular)
कृतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृतिभिः (instrumental plural)
कृतये (dative singular)
कृत्यै2 (dative singular)
कृती1 (dative singular)
कृतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृतिभ्यः (dative plural)
कृतेः (ablative singular)
कृत्याः2 (ablative singular)
कृत्यै3 (ablative singular)
कृतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृतेः (genitive singular)
कृत्याः2 (genitive singular)
कृत्यै3 (genitive singular)
कृत्योः (dual genitive)
कृतीनाम् (genitive plural)
कृतौ (locative singular)
कृत्याम्2 (locative singular)
कृता1 (locative singular)
कृत्योः (dual locative)
कृतिषु (locative plural)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut (off)”).


ऊर्मि

ūrmí (romanization)
ऊर्मिः (nominative singular)
ऊर्मी (dual nominative)
ऊर्मयः (nominative plural)
ऊर्मे (singular vocative)
ऊर्मी (dual vocative)
ऊर्मयः (plural vocative)
ऊर्मिम् (accusative singular)
ऊर्मी (accusative dual)
ऊर्मीः (accusative plural)
ऊर्म्या (instrumental singular)
ऊर्मी1 (instrumental singular)
ऊर्मिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऊर्मिभिः (instrumental plural)
ऊर्मये (dative singular)
ऊर्म्यै2 (dative singular)
ऊर्मी1 (dative singular)
ऊर्मिभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऊर्मिभ्यः (dative plural)
ऊर्मेः (ablative singular)
ऊर्म्याः2 (ablative singular)
ऊर्म्यै3 (ablative singular)
ऊर्मिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऊर्मिभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऊर्मेः (genitive singular)
ऊर्म्याः2 (genitive singular)
ऊर्म्यै3 (genitive singular)
ऊर्म्योः (dual genitive)
ऊर्मीणाम् (genitive plural)
ऊर्मौ (locative singular)
ऊर्म्याम्2 (locative singular)
ऊर्मा1 (locative singular)
ऊर्म्योः (dual locative)
ऊर्मिषु (locative plural)

→ Malayalam: ഉറുമി (uṟumi), ഊർമി (ūṟmi)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥Hmíš (“wave”), from Proto-Indo-European wl̥H-mí-s (“wave”), from *welH- (“to turn, coil”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬌 (var^əmi), Lithuanian vilnis, Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna), Albanian valë, German Welle.

आ क्षोदो॒ महि॑ वृ॒तं न॒दीनां॒ परि॑ष्ठितम् असृज ऊ॒र्मिम् अ॒पाम् ।
तासा॒म् अनु॑ प्र॒वत॑ इन्द्र॒ पन्थां॒ प्रार्द॑यो॒ नीची॑र् अपसः॑ समु॒द्रम् ॥
ā́ kṣódo máhi vṛtáṃ nadī́nāṃ páriṣṭhitam asṛja ūrmím apā́m.

You set free the rushing wave of waters; the floods' great swell encompassed and obstructed.
You directed downward, O Indra, their course along steep slopes, speeding to the ocean.

tā́sām ánu praváta indra pánthāṃ prā́rdayo nī́cīr apasaḥ samudrám.


कृत्य

kṛ́tya (romanization)
कृत्यः (nominative singular)
कृत्यौ (dual nominative)
कृत्या1 (dual nominative)
कृत्याः (nominative plural)
कृत्यासः1 (nominative plural)
कृत्य (singular vocative)
कृत्यौ (dual vocative)
कृत्या1 (dual vocative)
कृत्याः (plural vocative)
कृत्यासः1 (plural vocative)
कृत्यम् (accusative singular)
कृत्यौ (accusative dual)
कृत्या1 (accusative dual)
कृत्यान् (accusative plural)
कृत्येन (instrumental singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्यैः (instrumental plural)
कृत्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृत्याय (dative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्यात् (ablative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्यस्य (genitive singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
कृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्ये (locative singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual locative)
कृत्येषु (locative plural)
कृत्या (nominative singular)
कृत्ये (dual nominative)
कृत्याः (nominative plural)
कृत्ये (singular vocative)
कृत्ये (dual vocative)
कृत्याः (plural vocative)
कृत्याम् (accusative singular)
कृत्ये (accusative dual)
कृत्याः (accusative plural)
कृत्यया (instrumental singular)
कृत्या1 (instrumental singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्याभिः (instrumental plural)
कृत्यायै (dative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्याभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्यायाः (ablative singular)
कृत्यायै2 (ablative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्यायाः (genitive singular)
कृत्यायै2 (genitive singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
कृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्यायाम् (locative singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual locative)
कृत्यासु (locative plural)
कृत्यम् (nominative singular)
कृत्ये (dual nominative)
कृत्यानि (nominative plural)
कृत्या1 (nominative plural)
कृत्य (singular vocative)
कृत्ये (dual vocative)
कृत्यानि (plural vocative)
कृत्या1 (plural vocative)
कृत्यम् (accusative singular)
कृत्ये (accusative dual)
कृत्यानि (accusative plural)
कृत्या1 (accusative plural)
कृत्येन (instrumental singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्यैः (instrumental plural)
कृत्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृत्याय (dative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्यात् (ablative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्यस्य (genitive singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
कृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्ये (locative singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual locative)
कृत्येषु (locative plural)

one who may be seduced from allegiance or alliance, who may be bribed or hired (as an assassin)

(medicine) to be treated or attended with


कृत्य

kṛ́tya (romanization)
कृत्यः (nominative singular)
कृत्यौ (dual nominative)
कृत्या1 (dual nominative)
कृत्याः (nominative plural)
कृत्यासः1 (nominative plural)
कृत्य (singular vocative)
कृत्यौ (dual vocative)
कृत्या1 (dual vocative)
कृत्याः (plural vocative)
कृत्यासः1 (plural vocative)
कृत्यम् (accusative singular)
कृत्यौ (accusative dual)
कृत्या1 (accusative dual)
कृत्यान् (accusative plural)
कृत्येन (instrumental singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्यैः (instrumental plural)
कृत्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृत्याय (dative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्यात् (ablative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्यस्य (genitive singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
कृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्ये (locative singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual locative)
कृत्येषु (locative plural)

(scil. प्रत्यय) the class of affixes forming the future. (as तव्य, अनीय, य, एलिम, etc.)

a kind of evil spirit (named either with or without the addition of यक्ष, मानुष, असुर, etc.). (perhaps v.l. for °त्या below)


कृत्य

kṛ́tya (romanization)
कृत्यम् (nominative singular)
कृत्ये (dual nominative)
कृत्यानि (nominative plural)
कृत्या1 (nominative plural)
कृत्य (singular vocative)
कृत्ये (dual vocative)
कृत्यानि (plural vocative)
कृत्या1 (plural vocative)
कृत्यम् (accusative singular)
कृत्ये (accusative dual)
कृत्यानि (accusative plural)
कृत्या1 (accusative plural)
कृत्येन (instrumental singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्यैः (instrumental plural)
कृत्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृत्याय (dative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्यात् (ablative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्यस्य (genitive singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
कृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्ये (locative singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual locative)
कृत्येषु (locative plural)

Hindi: कृत्य (kŕtya)

Marathi: कृत्य (kŕtya)

Pali: kicca

Burmese: ကိစ္စ (kicca.)

→ Tamil: கிருதி (kiruti)

Telugu: కృత్యము (kr̥tyamu)

→ Tocharian B: āhāra-krtya

what ought to be done, what is proper or fit, duty, office


वृ

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer- (“to cover”), and related to Latin operiō (“to cover, shut”), Lithuanian suvérti (“to shut”).
Older theories derived the root from Proto-Indo-Aryan *war-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *war-, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to cover, envelop”), and connected the root to Scottish Gaelic fearann (“estate, land”), Avestan 𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬛𐬥𐬁 (uardnā, “cover, envelope”). Other theories connected the root to Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, coil”). These two Indo-European roots may have semantically influenced and merged with the Sanskrit (though Mayrhofer and Rix seem to reconstruct the *welH- as *wel- instead).

विवारयिषु

vivārayiṣu, Desiderative Participle of Causative

to cover, screen, veil, conceal, hide, surround, obstruct

to ward off, check, keep back, prevent, hinder, restrain


वृ

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, to want”). Cognate with Latin volo (“to wish, want”), English will.


कुक्षि

kukṣí (romanization)
कुक्षिः (nominative singular)
कुक्षी (dual nominative)
कुक्षयः (nominative plural)
कुक्षे (singular vocative)
कुक्षी (dual vocative)
कुक्षयः (plural vocative)
कुक्षिम् (accusative singular)
कुक्षी (accusative dual)
कुक्षीन् (accusative plural)
कुक्षिणा (instrumental singular)
कुक्ष्या1 (instrumental singular)
कुक्षिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुक्षिभिः (instrumental plural)
कुक्षये (dative singular)
कुक्षिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुक्षिभ्यः (dative plural)
कुक्षेः (ablative singular)
कुक्षिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुक्षिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुक्षेः (genitive singular)
कुक्ष्योः (dual genitive)
कुक्षीणाम् (genitive plural)
कुक्षौ (locative singular)
कुक्षा1 (locative singular)
कुक्ष्योः (dual locative)
कुक्षिषु (locative plural)

Hindi: कोख (kokh)

Punjabi: ਕੁੱਖ (kukkha)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀺 (kukkhi)

Bengali: খুকি (khuki, “infant, baby”), ⇒ Bengali: খোকা (khōka, “baby, child”)

From an old derivation of Proto-Indo-European *kuḱis (“(female) pubic hair; vulva”), preserving the original meaning "belly". Cognate with Ashkun kūċ (“middle”), Ashkun kuċúṭ (“calf of leg”), Waigali kūċ (“belly”), Prasuni kəċē (“scrotum”), Lahnda kukh (“side between hip and ribs”), Lithuanian kūšỹs (“pubic hair, vulva”), Latvian kūsis (“pubic hair, vulva”), Persian کس (kos, “vulva”).


पूजा

pūjā (romanization)
पूजा (nominative singular)
पूजे (dual nominative)
पूजाः (nominative plural)
पूजे (singular vocative)
पूजे (dual vocative)
पूजाः (plural vocative)
पूजाम् (accusative singular)
पूजे (accusative dual)
पूजाः (accusative plural)
पूजया (instrumental singular)
पूजा1 (instrumental singular)
पूजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पूजाभिः (instrumental plural)
पूजायै (dative singular)
पूजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पूजाभ्यः (dative plural)
पूजायाः (ablative singular)
पूजायै2 (ablative singular)
पूजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पूजाभ्यः (ablative plural)
पूजायाः (genitive singular)
पूजायै2 (genitive singular)
पूजयोः (dual genitive)
पूजानाम् (genitive plural)
पूजायाम् (locative singular)
पूजयोः (dual locative)
पूजासु (locative plural)

desctree

Pali: pūjā
→ Khmer: បូជា (bouciə)
→ Mon: ပူဇဴ
→ Old Burmese: ပူဇဝ်
→ Burmese: ပူဇော် (pujau)
→ Thai: บูชา (buu-chaa)

→ English: puja, → English: pooja

→ Hindi: पूजा (pūjā)

→ Kashmiri: پوٗزا (pūzā), पूज़ा (pūzā)

→ Lao: ບູຊາ (bū sā)

→ Lü: ᦢᦴᦋᦱ (ḃuutsaa)

→ Malay: puja

→ Northern Thai: ᨷᩪᨩᩣ

→ Telugu: పూజ (pūja)

→ Thai: บูชา (buu-chaa)

→ Tamil: பூசை (pūcai), பூஜை (pūjai)

/puː.d͡ʑɑ́ː/

/ˈpuː.d͡ʑɑː/


उप-

→ Hindi: उप- (up-)

→ Punjabi: ਉਪ- (upa-)

→ Sindhi: اُپَـ (upa-)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *upa-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upa-, from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, below”).


वि-

→ Hindi: वि- (vi-)

→ Malayalam: വി- (vi-)

→ Marathi: वि- (vi-)

Pali: vi-

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *wi- (“apart, away”). Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (nawi, “not yet”), Old English wiþ (whence English with). Prefixal form of वि (vi).

cog

वि- (vi-) + फल (phala, “fruit, result”) → विफल (viphala, “fruitless, useless”)

Prefix to verbs or nouns and other parts of speech derived from verbs, to express division, distinction, distribution, arrangement, order, opposition, or deliberation.


पिशङ्ग

head

पिशङ्ग • (piśáṅga)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pićángas, from Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ- (“to paint, mark, dye”). Compare Old Armenian պիսակ (pisak), a borrowing from Proto-Iranian *picángah.

der

reddish, reddish-brown or reddish-yellow, tawny


जटा

jaṭā (romanization)
जटा (nominative singular)
जटे (dual nominative)
जटाः (nominative plural)
जटे (singular vocative)
जटे (dual vocative)
जटाः (plural vocative)
जटाम् (accusative singular)
जटे (accusative dual)
जटाः (accusative plural)
जटया (instrumental singular)
जटा1 (instrumental singular)
जटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जटाभिः (instrumental plural)
जटायै (dative singular)
जटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जटाभ्यः (dative plural)
जटायाः (ablative singular)
जटायै2 (ablative singular)
जटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जटाभ्यः (ablative plural)
जटायाः (genitive singular)
जटायै2 (genitive singular)
जटयोः (dual genitive)
जटानाम् (genitive plural)
जटायाम् (locative singular)
जटयोः (dual locative)
जटासु (locative plural)

the hair twisted together (as worn by ascetics, by Shiva, and persons in mourning); braid of hair


श्रवस्

śrávas (romanization)
श्रवः (nominative singular)
श्रवसी (dual nominative)
श्रवांसि (nominative plural)
श्रवः (singular vocative)
श्रवसी (dual vocative)
श्रवांसि (plural vocative)
श्रवः (accusative singular)
श्रवसी (accusative dual)
श्रवांसि (accusative plural)
श्रवसा (instrumental singular)
श्रवोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रवोभिः (instrumental plural)
श्रवसे (dative singular)
श्रवोभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रवोभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रवसः (ablative singular)
श्रवोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रवोभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रवसः (genitive singular)
श्रवसोः (dual genitive)
श्रवसाम् (genitive plural)
श्रवसि (locative singular)
श्रवसोः (dual locative)
श्रवःसु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀯 (sava)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćráwas, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱléwos (“fame, glory”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬭𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬢𐬵 (srauuaŋh, “word”), Ancient Greek κλέος (kléos, “fame”), Russian сла́ва (sláva), Persian سروب (sarūb).

inh

यस्य॒ श्रवो॒ रोद॑सी अ॒न्तरु॒र्वी शी॒र्ष्णेशी॑र्ष्णे विब॒भाजा॑ विभ॒क्ता।
स॒प्तेदिन्द्रं॒ न स्र॒वतो॑ गृणन्ति॒ नि यु॑ध्याम॒धिम॑शिशाद॒भीके॑॥
yásya śrávo ródasī antárurvī́ śīrṣṇéśīrṣṇe vibabhā́jā vibhaktā́.
saptédíndraṃ ná sraváto gṛṇanti ní yudhyāmadhímaśiśādabhī́ke.
Him (Indra) whose fame is spread across the wide earth and heavens, who, as dispenser, gives each chief his portion, seven following rivers glorify like Indra.


वल्श

válśa (romanization)
वल्शः (nominative singular)
वल्शौ (dual nominative)
वल्शा1 (dual nominative)
वल्शाः (nominative plural)
वल्शासः1 (nominative plural)
वल्श (singular vocative)
वल्शौ (dual vocative)
वल्शा1 (dual vocative)
वल्शाः (plural vocative)
वल्शासः1 (plural vocative)
वल्शम् (accusative singular)
वल्शौ (accusative dual)
वल्शा1 (accusative dual)
वल्शान् (accusative plural)
वल्शेन (instrumental singular)
वल्शाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वल्शैः (instrumental plural)
वल्शेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वल्शाय (dative singular)
वल्शाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वल्शेभ्यः (dative plural)
वल्शात् (ablative singular)
वल्शाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वल्शेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वल्शस्य (genitive singular)
वल्शयोः (dual genitive)
वल्शानाम् (genitive plural)
वल्शे (locative singular)
वल्शयोः (dual locative)
वल्शेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wálśas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wálćas. Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀 (var^əsa, “hair (on the head)”), Proto-Slavic *volsъ (“hair”), Old Persian [script needed] (vars), Persian گرس (gors, “curled hair”), Lithuanian valaĩ. Compare also perhaps Sanskrit वृक्ष (vṛkṣa, “tree”).


यान

yāna (romanization)
यानः (nominative singular)
यानौ (dual nominative)
यानाः (nominative plural)
यान (singular vocative)
यानौ (dual vocative)
यानाः (plural vocative)
यानम् (accusative singular)
यानौ (accusative dual)
यानान् (accusative plural)
यानेन (instrumental singular)
यानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यानैः (instrumental plural)
यानाय (dative singular)
यानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यानेभ्यः (dative plural)
यानात् (ablative singular)
यानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यानस्य (genitive singular)
यानयोः (dual genitive)
यानानाम् (genitive plural)
याने (locative singular)
यानयोः (dual locative)
यानेषु (locative plural)
याना (nominative singular)
याने (dual nominative)
यानाः (nominative plural)
याने (singular vocative)
याने (dual vocative)
यानाः (plural vocative)
यानाम् (accusative singular)
याने (accusative dual)
यानाः (accusative plural)
यानया (instrumental singular)
यानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यानाभिः (instrumental plural)
यानायै (dative singular)
यानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यानाभ्यः (dative plural)
यानायाः (ablative singular)
यानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यानाभ्यः (ablative plural)
यानायाः (genitive singular)
यानयोः (dual genitive)
यानानाम् (genitive plural)
यानायाम् (locative singular)
यानयोः (dual locative)
यानासु (locative plural)
यानम् (nominative singular)
याने (dual nominative)
यानानि (nominative plural)
यान (singular vocative)
याने (dual vocative)
यानानि (plural vocative)
यानम् (accusative singular)
याने (accusative dual)
यानानि (accusative plural)
यानेन (instrumental singular)
यानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यानैः (instrumental plural)
यानाय (dative singular)
यानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यानेभ्यः (dative plural)
यानात् (ablative singular)
यानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यानस्य (genitive singular)
यानयोः (dual genitive)
यानानाम् (genitive plural)
याने (locative singular)
यानयोः (dual locative)
यानेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of यान

Feminine ā-stem declension of यान

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">यान</i>

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *yáHnam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *yéh₂-nom, from *yeh₂- (“to go”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *ěxati (“to travel”). The Sanskrit root is या (yā, “to go, proceed”).


यान

yā́na (romanization)
यानम् (nominative singular)
याने (dual nominative)
यानानि (nominative plural)
याना1 (nominative plural)
यान (singular vocative)
याने (dual vocative)
यानानि (plural vocative)
याना1 (plural vocative)
यानम् (accusative singular)
याने (accusative dual)
यानानि (accusative plural)
याना1 (accusative plural)
यानेन (instrumental singular)
यानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यानैः (instrumental plural)
यानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
यानाय (dative singular)
यानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यानेभ्यः (dative plural)
यानात् (ablative singular)
यानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यानस्य (genitive singular)
यानयोः (dual genitive)
यानानाम् (genitive plural)
याने (locative singular)
यानयोः (dual locative)
यानेषु (locative plural)

→ Khmer: យាន (yiən, “conveyance”)

desc

→ Kannada: ಯಾನ (yāna, “carriage, vehicle”)

→ Hindi: यान (yān, “carriage, coach”)

→ Malayalam: യാനം (yānaṁ, “carriage, vehicle”)

→ Marathi: यान (yān, “carriage, vehicle”)

desctree

→ Pali: yāna (“conveyance”)
→ Burmese: ယာဉ် (yany, “conveyance”)
→ Shan: ယဵၼ်ႇ (yàen, “conveyance”)
→ Thai: ยาน (yaan, “conveyance”)

desc

→ Tamil: யானம் (yāṉam, “carriage, vehicle”)

→ Telugu: యానము (yānamu, “carriage, vehicle”)

going, moving, riding, marching to or upon or against


प्रातिमोक्ष

prātimokṣa (romanization)
प्रातिमोक्षः (nominative singular)
प्रातिमोक्षौ (dual nominative)
प्रातिमोक्षाः (nominative plural)
प्रातिमोक्ष (singular vocative)
प्रातिमोक्षौ (dual vocative)
प्रातिमोक्षाः (plural vocative)
प्रातिमोक्षम् (accusative singular)
प्रातिमोक्षौ (accusative dual)
प्रातिमोक्षान् (accusative plural)
प्रातिमोक्षेण (instrumental singular)
प्रातिमोक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रातिमोक्षैः (instrumental plural)
प्रातिमोक्षाय (dative singular)
प्रातिमोक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रातिमोक्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रातिमोक्षात् (ablative singular)
प्रातिमोक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रातिमोक्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रातिमोक्षस्य (genitive singular)
प्रातिमोक्षयोः (dual genitive)
प्रातिमोक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
प्रातिमोक्षे (locative singular)
प्रातिमोक्षयोः (dual locative)
प्रातिमोक्षेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of प्रातिमोक्ष

प्रातिमोक्षः

प्रातिमोक्षौ

प्रातिमोक्षाः

प्रातिमोक्षौ

प्रातिमोक्षाः

प्रातिमोक्षम्

प्रातिमोक्षौ

प्रातिमोक्षान्

प्रातिमोक्षेण

प्रातिमोक्षाभ्याम्

प्रातिमोक्षैः

प्रातिमोक्षाय

प्रातिमोक्षाभ्याम्

प्रातिमोक्षेभ्यः

प्रातिमोक्षात्

प्रातिमोक्षाभ्याम्

प्रातिमोक्षेभ्यः

प्रातिमोक्षस्य

प्रातिमोक्षयोः

प्रातिमोक्षाणाम्

प्रातिमोक्षे

प्रातिमोक्षयोः

प्रातिमोक्षेषु

sa-decl-noun/cell

प्रातिमोक्षः

प्रातिमोक्षस्य

प्रातिमोक्षः

प्रातिमोक्षौ

प्रातिमोक्षाः

प्रातिमोक्षौ

प्रातिमोक्षाः

प्रातिमोक्षम्

प्रातिमोक्षौ

प्रातिमोक्षान्

प्रातिमोक्षेण

प्रातिमोक्षाभ्याम्

प्रातिमोक्षैः

प्रातिमोक्षाय

प्रातिमोक्षाभ्याम्

प्रातिमोक्षेभ्यः

प्रातिमोक्षात्

प्रातिमोक्षाभ्याम्

प्रातिमोक्षेभ्यः

प्रातिमोक्षस्य

प्रातिमोक्षयोः

प्रातिमोक्षाणाम्

प्रातिमोक्षे

प्रातिमोक्षयोः

प्रातिमोक्षेषु

(Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit) Pratimoksha (code of precepts according to which monks are controlled and corrected)


ज्या

jyā́ (romanization)
ज्या (nominative singular)
ज्ये (dual nominative)
ज्याः (nominative plural)
ज्ये (singular vocative)
ज्ये (dual vocative)
ज्याः (plural vocative)
ज्याम् (accusative singular)
ज्ये (accusative dual)
ज्याः (accusative plural)
ज्यया (instrumental singular)
ज्या1 (instrumental singular)
ज्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ज्याभिः (instrumental plural)
ज्यायै (dative singular)
ज्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
ज्याभ्यः (dative plural)
ज्यायाः (ablative singular)
ज्यायै2 (ablative singular)
ज्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ज्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
ज्यायाः (genitive singular)
ज्यायै2 (genitive singular)
ज्ययोः (dual genitive)
ज्यानाम् (genitive plural)
ज्यायाम् (locative singular)
ज्ययोः (dual locative)
ज्यासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: ǰi

Pali: jiyā

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰyáH, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷyéH (“bow-string, string”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬘𐬌𐬌𐬁 (jiiā), Persian زه (zeh), Ancient Greek βιός (biós, “bow-string, tendon”), Middle Welsh gieu (“tendon”).

cog

व॒क्ष्यन्ती॒वेदा ग॑नीगन्ति॒ कर्णं॑ प्रि॒यं सखा॑यं परिषस्वजा॒ना।
योषे॑व शिङ्क्ते॒ वित॒ताधि॒ धन्व॒ञ्ज्या इ॒यं सम॑ने पा॒रय॑न्ती॥
vakṣyántīvédā́ ganīganti kárṇaṃ priyáṃ sákhāyaṃ pariṣasvajānā́.

Close to his chariot, as fain to speak, She presses, holding her well-loved Friend in her embraces.
Strained on the Bow, She whispers like a woman-this Bowstring that preserves us in the combat.

yóṣeva śiṅkte vítatā́dhi dhánvañjyā́ iyáṃ sámane pāráyantī.

प्रमुञ्च॒ धन्व॑न॒स्त्वमु॒भयो॒रार्त्नि॑यो॒र्ज्याम्।
याश्च॑ ते॒ हस्त॒ इष॑वः॒ परा॒ ता भ॑गवो वप॥
prámúñca dhánvanastvámubháyorā́rtniyorjyā́m.

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.5.1.11

Unfasten the bowstring from the two notches of thy bow,
And cast thou down the arrows in thy hand.

yā́śca te hásta íṣavaḥ párā tā́ bhagavo vapa.


ज्या

head

ज्या • (jyā)

sa-root

ज्या • (jyā)


गूथ

gūtha (romanization)
गूथः (nominative singular)
गूथौ (dual nominative)
गूथाः (nominative plural)
गूथ (singular vocative)
गूथौ (dual vocative)
गूथाः (plural vocative)
गूथम् (accusative singular)
गूथौ (accusative dual)
गूथान् (accusative plural)
गूथेन (instrumental singular)
गूथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गूथैः (instrumental plural)
गूथाय (dative singular)
गूथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गूथेभ्यः (dative plural)
गूथात् (ablative singular)
गूथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गूथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गूथस्य (genitive singular)
गूथयोः (dual genitive)
गूथानाम् (genitive plural)
गूथे (locative singular)
गूथयोः (dual locative)
गूथेषु (locative plural)
गूथम् (nominative singular)
गूथे (dual nominative)
गूथानि (nominative plural)
गूथ (singular vocative)
गूथे (dual vocative)
गूथानि (plural vocative)
गूथम् (accusative singular)
गूथे (accusative dual)
गूथानि (accusative plural)
गूथेन (instrumental singular)
गूथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गूथैः (instrumental plural)
गूथाय (dative singular)
गूथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गूथेभ्यः (dative plural)
गूथात् (ablative singular)
गूथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गूथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गूथस्य (genitive singular)
गूथयोः (dual genitive)
गूथानाम् (genitive plural)
गूथे (locative singular)
गूथयोः (dual locative)
गूथेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Dameli: gū

Gawar-Bati: gū

Khowar: گور (gūr)

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: گٕس (gụs)

Devanagari script: गॖस (gụs)

Phalura: گو (gū)

Shumashti: gūi

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: gū

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Ashkun: gū

Kamkata-viri: gü

Waigali: gū

desctree

Pali: gūtha
→ Khmer: គូថ (kuut) (learned)
→ Thai: คูถ (kûut) (learned)

Prakrit: 𑀕𑀽𑀳 (gūha)
Central:
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Hindustani:
Hindi: गुह (guh), गू (gū), गूह (gūh)
Urdu: گوہ (gūh), گو (gū)
Eastern:
Magadhi Prakrit:
Assamese: গু (gu)
Bengali: গু (gu)
Bihari:
Bhojpuri: गूह (gūh)
Odia: ଗୁହ (guha), ଘୁଅ (ghua), ଗୁ (gu), ଗଅ (gaa), ଗଇ (gai)
Sylheti: ꠉꠥ (gu)
Northern:
Khasa Prakrit:
Eastern Pahari:
Nepali: गू (gū), गुहु (guhu)
Northwestern:
Paisaci Prakrit:
Takka Apabhramsa:
Saraiki: گُھوں (ghūṉ), گُوں (gūṉ)
Punjabi: gū̃h
Gurmukhi script: ਗੂੰਹ
Shahmukhi script: گُون٘ہہ
Vracada Apabhramsa:
Sindhi: gū̃hu
Arabic script: گُوڻهُ
Devanagari script: गूंहु
Jadgali: [script needed] (gū)
Kachchi: ગૂ (gū)
Southern:
Helu Prakrit:
Dhivehi: ގުއި (gui), ގޫ (gū)
Sinhalese: ගූ (gū)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Konkani: gū
Devanagari script: गू
Kannada script: ಗೂ
Latin script: gu
Marathi: गू (gū)
Western:
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Gujarati: ગૂ (gū)

→ Odia: ଗୁଥ (gutha) (learned)

→ Sinhalese: ගූථ (gūtha) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *guHtʰás. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *govьno, Proto-Iranian *guHθáh (whence Avestan 𐬔𐬏𐬚𐬀 (gūθa), Persian گوه (guh)). The Sanskrit root is गू (gū).


घोषणा

ghoṣaṇā (romanization)
घोषणा (nominative singular)
घोषणे (dual nominative)
घोषणाः (nominative plural)
घोषणे (singular vocative)
घोषणे (dual vocative)
घोषणाः (plural vocative)
घोषणाम् (accusative singular)
घोषणे (accusative dual)
घोषणाः (accusative plural)
घोषणया (instrumental singular)
घोषणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घोषणाभिः (instrumental plural)
घोषणायै (dative singular)
घोषणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घोषणाभ्यः (dative plural)
घोषणायाः (ablative singular)
घोषणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घोषणाभ्यः (ablative plural)
घोषणायाः (genitive singular)
घोषणयोः (dual genitive)
घोषणानाम् (genitive plural)
घोषणायाम् (locative singular)
घोषणयोः (dual locative)
घोषणासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of घोषणा

→ Assamese: ঘোষণা (ghüxona)

→ Bengali: ঘোষণা (ghōśona)

→ Hindi: घोषणा (ghoṣṇā)

→ Khmer: ឃោសនា (khoosaʼnaa)

→ Marathi: घोषणा (ghoṣṇā)

→ Thai: โฆษณา (kôot-sà-naa)


सविता

sa-noun form

सविता • (savitā́) m

/ˈs̪ɐ.ʋi.t̪ɑː/

सवितृ सवितृ#Sanskrit


घोषक

ghoṣaka (romanization)
घोषकः (nominative singular)
घोषकौ (dual nominative)
घोषकाः (nominative plural)
घोषक (singular vocative)
घोषकौ (dual vocative)
घोषकाः (plural vocative)
घोषकम् (accusative singular)
घोषकौ (accusative dual)
घोषकान् (accusative plural)
घोषकेन (instrumental singular)
घोषकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घोषकैः (instrumental plural)
घोषकाय (dative singular)
घोषकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घोषकेभ्यः (dative plural)
घोषकात् (ablative singular)
घोषकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घोषकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
घोषकस्य (genitive singular)
घोषकयोः (dual genitive)
घोषकानाम् (genitive plural)
घोषके (locative singular)
घोषकयोः (dual locative)
घोषकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of घोषक

→ Bengali: ঘোষক (ghōśok)

→ Hindi: घोषक (ghoṣak)

→ Thai: โฆษก (koo-sòk)


घोष

ghóṣa (romanization)
घोषः (nominative singular)
घोषौ (dual nominative)
घोषा1 (dual nominative)
घोषाः (nominative plural)
घोषासः1 (nominative plural)
घोष (singular vocative)
घोषौ (dual vocative)
घोषा1 (dual vocative)
घोषाः (plural vocative)
घोषासः1 (plural vocative)
घोषम् (accusative singular)
घोषौ (accusative dual)
घोषा1 (accusative dual)
घोषान् (accusative plural)
घोषेण (instrumental singular)
घोषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घोषैः (instrumental plural)
घोषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
घोषाय (dative singular)
घोषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घोषेभ्यः (dative plural)
घोषात् (ablative singular)
घोषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घोषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
घोषस्य (genitive singular)
घोषयोः (dual genitive)
घोषाणाम् (genitive plural)
घोषे (locative singular)
घोषयोः (dual locative)
घोषेषु (locative plural)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: ගොස (gosa)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀖𑁄𑀲 (ghosa)

Old Marathi: घोसा (ghosā)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Sindhi: گۇهو (gūho)

Punjabi: ਘੋ (gho)

Pali: ghosa

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀖𑁄𑀲 (ghosa)

Hindustani:

Hindi: घोस (ghos)

Urdu: گهوس (ghos)

→ Assamese: ঘোষ (ghüx) (learned)

→ Bengali: ঘোষ (ghōś) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: घोष (ghoṣ)

Urdu: گھوش (ghoṣ)

→ Malayalam: ഘോഷം (ghōṣaṁ) (learned)

desctree

→ Old Marathi: 𑘑𑘻𑘬 (ghoṣa) (learned)
Marathi: घोष (ghoṣ)

→ Odia: ଘୋଷ (ghosha) (learned)

→ Tamil: கோஷம் (kōṣam), கோடம் (kōṭam)

→ Telugu: ఘోష (ghōṣa) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gʰáwṣas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰáwšas (“noise, sound”) (compare Persian گوش (gôš)), from Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾ʰéw-sos, from *g⁽ʷ⁾ʰew- (“to heed, perceive”). Probably cognate with Proto-Germanic *gaumō (“heed, attention”).

cog

cry, confused cries of a multitude, battle cry, cries of victory, cries of woe or distress, holler, yell

the sound of a drum, conch shell, Soma stones, a carriage, etc.

the whizzing or whir of a bowstring, crackling of fire, singing in the ear

the roaring of a storm, thunder, water, etc.

the soft (voiced) sound heard in the articulation of the sonant consonants, the vowels, and anusvara which with the Yamas of the first 10 of the soft consonants make up altogether 40 sounds


नरक

náraka (romanization)
naráka (romanization)
नरकः (nominative singular)
नरकौ (dual nominative)
नरका1 (dual nominative)
नरकाः (nominative plural)
नरकासः1 (nominative plural)
नरक (singular vocative)
नरकौ (dual vocative)
नरका1 (dual vocative)
नरकाः (plural vocative)
नरकासः1 (plural vocative)
नरकम् (accusative singular)
नरकौ (accusative dual)
नरका1 (accusative dual)
नरकान् (accusative plural)
नरकेण (instrumental singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नरकैः (instrumental plural)
नरकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नरकाय (dative singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नरकेभ्यः (dative plural)
नरकात् (ablative singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नरकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नरकस्य (genitive singular)
नरकयोः (dual genitive)
नरकाणाम् (genitive plural)
नरके (locative singular)
नरकयोः (dual locative)
नरकेषु (locative plural)
नरकम् (nominative singular)
नरके (dual nominative)
नरकाणि (nominative plural)
नरका1 (nominative plural)
नरक (singular vocative)
नरके (dual vocative)
नरकाणि (plural vocative)
नरका1 (plural vocative)
नरकम् (accusative singular)
नरके (accusative dual)
नरकाणि (accusative plural)
नरका1 (accusative plural)
नरकेण (instrumental singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नरकैः (instrumental plural)
नरकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नरकाय (dative singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नरकेभ्यः (dative plural)
नरकात् (ablative singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नरकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नरकस्य (genitive singular)
नरकयोः (dual genitive)
नरकाणाम् (genitive plural)
नरके (locative singular)
नरकयोः (dual locative)
नरकेषु (locative plural)
नरकः (nominative singular)
नरकौ (dual nominative)
नरका1 (dual nominative)
नरकाः (nominative plural)
नरकासः1 (nominative plural)
नरक (singular vocative)
नरकौ (dual vocative)
नरका1 (dual vocative)
नरकाः (plural vocative)
नरकासः1 (plural vocative)
नरकम् (accusative singular)
नरकौ (accusative dual)
नरका1 (accusative dual)
नरकान् (accusative plural)
नरकेण (instrumental singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नरकैः (instrumental plural)
नरकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नरकाय (dative singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नरकेभ्यः (dative plural)
नरकात् (ablative singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नरकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नरकस्य (genitive singular)
नरकयोः (dual genitive)
नरकाणाम् (genitive plural)
नरके (locative singular)
नरकयोः (dual locative)
नरकेषु (locative plural)
नरकम् (nominative singular)
नरके (dual nominative)
नरकाणि (nominative plural)
नरका1 (nominative plural)
नरक (singular vocative)
नरके (dual vocative)
नरकाणि (plural vocative)
नरका1 (plural vocative)
नरकम् (accusative singular)
नरके (accusative dual)
नरकाणि (accusative plural)
नरका1 (accusative plural)
नरकेण (instrumental singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नरकैः (instrumental plural)
नरकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नरकाय (dative singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नरकेभ्यः (dative plural)
नरकात् (ablative singular)
नरकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नरकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नरकस्य (genitive singular)
नरकयोः (dual genitive)
नरकाणाम् (genitive plural)
नरके (locative singular)
नरकयोः (dual locative)
नरकेषु (locative plural)

→ Chinese: 那落迦 (nàluòjiā)

→ Gujarati: નરક (narak)

→ Indonesian: neraka

→ Japanese: 奈落 (naraku)

→ Kannada: ನರಕ (naraka)

→ Korean: 나락 (narak)

→ Malayalam: നരകം (narakaṁ)

→ Malay: neraka (نراک)

→ Old Javanese: naraka

→ Old Marathi: 𑘡𑘨𑘎 (naraka)

Marathi: नरक (narak)

→ Punjabi: ਨਰਕ (naraka)

→ Tamil: நரகம் (narakam)

→ Telugu: నరకము (narakamu)

→ Thai: นรก (ná-rók)

/ˈn̪ɐ.ɾɐ.kɐ/

/ˈn̪ɐ.ɾɐ.kɐ/


रामायण

rāmāyaṇa (romanization)
रामायणम् (nominative singular)
रामायणे (dual nominative)
रामायणानि (nominative plural)
रामायण (singular vocative)
रामायणे (dual vocative)
रामायणानि (plural vocative)
रामायणम् (accusative singular)
रामायणे (accusative dual)
रामायणानि (accusative plural)
रामायणेन (instrumental singular)
रामायणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रामायणैः (instrumental plural)
रामायणाय (dative singular)
रामायणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रामायणेभ्यः (dative plural)
रामायणात् (ablative singular)
रामायणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रामायणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रामायणस्य (genitive singular)
रामायणयोः (dual genitive)
रामायणानाम् (genitive plural)
रामायणे (locative singular)
रामायणयोः (dual locative)
रामायणेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: रामायण (rāmāyaṇa)

Takka Apabhramsa: 𑆫𑆳𑆩𑆳𑆪𑆟 (rāmāyaṇa)

desc

رَامَايَانَا

Arabic: رَامَايَانَا (rāmāyānā)

Arabic: رَامَايَانَا (rāmāyānā)

Armenian: Ռամայանա (Ṙamayana)

Assamese: ৰামায়ণ (ramayon)

Bengali: রামায়ণ (ramaẏon)

Burmese: ရာမာယဏ (ramaya.na.)

→ Chinese: 羅摩衍那 /罗摩衍那 (Luómóyǎnnà)

Czech: Rámájana

English: Ramayana

Georgian: რამაიანა (ramaiana)

French: Ramayana

→ Vietnamese: Ra-ma-ya-na

Gujarati: રામાયણ (rāmāyaṇ)

Greek: Ραμαγιάνα (Ramagiána)

Hindustani:

Hindi: रामायण (rāmāyaṇ)

Urdu: رَامَایَن (rāmāyan), رَامَائِن (rāmā‘in)

Hungarian: Rámájana

Japanese: ラーマーヤナ (Rāmāyana)

Kannada: ರಾಮಾಯಣ (rāmāyaṇa)

Konkani: rāmāyaṇ

Devanagari script: रामायण

Kannada script: ರಾಮಾಯಣ್

Latin script: Ramayonn

Korean: 라마야나 (ramayana)

Malayalam: രാമായണം (rāmāyaṇaṁ)

Manipuri: ꯔꯥꯃꯥꯌꯟ (raamaayan)

Marathi: रामायण (rāmāyaṇ)

Marwari: रामायण (rāmāyaṇ)

→ Middle Chinese: 邏摩衍拏 (MC laH ma yenX nrae)

Nepali: रामायण (rāmāyaṇ)

Odia: ରାମାୟଣ (rāmāyaṇa)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਰਮਾਇਣ (ramāiṇa), ਰਾਮਾਇਣ (rāmāiṇa)

Shahmukhi script: رمائن (rmā'in), رامائن (rāmā'in)

Persian: رامایانا (râmâyânâ)

Russian: Рамаяна (Ramajana)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: رامائـِڻُ

Tamil: இராமாயணம் (irāmāyaṇam)

Telugu: రామాయణము (rāmāyaṇamu)

Thai: รามายณะ (raa-maa-yá-ná)

/ɾɑːˈmɑː.jɐ.ɳɐ/

Compound of राम (rāma, “Rāma”) + अयन (ayana, “course”), literally “course[s] of Rāma”.

com+

(Classical Sanskrit, Hinduism, literature) Ramayana


यक्ष

yakṣá (romanization)
यक्षम् (nominative singular)
यक्षे (dual nominative)
यक्षाणि (nominative plural)
यक्षा1 (nominative plural)
यक्ष (singular vocative)
यक्षे (dual vocative)
यक्षाणि (plural vocative)
यक्षा1 (plural vocative)
यक्षम् (accusative singular)
यक्षे (accusative dual)
यक्षाणि (accusative plural)
यक्षा1 (accusative plural)
यक्षेण (instrumental singular)
यक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यक्षैः (instrumental plural)
यक्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
यक्षाय (dative singular)
यक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यक्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
यक्षात् (ablative singular)
यक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यक्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यक्षस्य (genitive singular)
यक्षयोः (dual genitive)
यक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
यक्षे (locative singular)
यक्षयोः (dual locative)
यक्षेषु (locative plural)

From the root यक्ष् (yakṣ, “to appear, show oneself”), related to Persian نشان (nešân, “sign, mark”); see there for more on the Indo-Iranian root.
Various other proposals have been suggested, such as an s-extension of यजति (yajati, “to worship; to sacrifice”), or a connection to याशु (yāśu, “sexual effusion, embrace”); these are phonetically and/or semantically unconvincing.

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

(Hinduism, Buddhism) a yaksha; a supernatural being, spiritual apparition, spirit, ghost


यक्ष

yakṣá (romanization)
यक्षः (nominative singular)
यक्षौ (dual nominative)
यक्षा1 (dual nominative)
यक्षाः (nominative plural)
यक्षासः1 (nominative plural)
यक्ष (singular vocative)
यक्षौ (dual vocative)
यक्षा1 (dual vocative)
यक्षाः (plural vocative)
यक्षासः1 (plural vocative)
यक्षम् (accusative singular)
यक्षौ (accusative dual)
यक्षा1 (accusative dual)
यक्षान् (accusative plural)
यक्षेण (instrumental singular)
यक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यक्षैः (instrumental plural)
यक्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
यक्षाय (dative singular)
यक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यक्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
यक्षात् (ablative singular)
यक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यक्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यक्षस्य (genitive singular)
यक्षयोः (dual genitive)
यक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
यक्षे (locative singular)
यक्षयोः (dual locative)
यक्षेषु (locative plural)

→ Chinese: 夜叉 (yècha)

→ Japanese: やしゃ (yasha)

→ Korean: 야차 (yacha)

→ Vietnamese: dạ-xoa

Dardic:

Kalasha: ǰ̣ač̣

→ English: yaksha

→ Kannada: ಯಕ್ಷ (yakṣa)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀓𑁆𑀔 (jakkha)

→ Manchu: ᠶᠠᡴᠴᠠ (yakca)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਜੱਖ (jakkha)

Pali: yakkha

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀓𑁆𑀔 (jakkha)

Old Gujarati: जाख (jākha)

Old Hindi: जाक (jāka)

→ Lü: ᦍᧅ (yak)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: yakṣa
> Javanese: ꦪꦏ꧀ꦱ (yaksa), ꦪꦼꦏ꧀ꦱ (yeksa) (inherited)

→ Telugu: యక్షుడు (yakṣuḍu)

→ Thai: ยักษ์ (yák)

→ Tocharian B: yākṣe

→ Proto-Turkic: *jAkšɨ (“good”) (perhaps)

a class of semi-divine beings (attendants of Kubera, exceptionally also of Vishṇu; described as sons of Pulastya, of Pulaha, of Kaśyapa, of Khasā or Krodhā.)


स्वस्ति

head

स्वस्ति • (svastí)

Compound of सु- (su-, “well”) + अस्ति (ásti, “to be”)


स्वस्ति

head

स्वस्ति • (svastí)

→ Thai: สวัสดี (sà-wàt-dii)

→ Khmer: សួស្តី (suəsdəy)


स्वस्ति

svastí (romanization)
स्वस्तिः (nominative singular)
स्वस्ती (dual nominative)
स्वस्तयः (nominative plural)
स्वस्ते (singular vocative)
स्वस्ती (dual vocative)
स्वस्तयः (plural vocative)
स्वस्तिम् (accusative singular)
स्वस्ती (accusative dual)
स्वस्तीः (accusative plural)
स्वस्त्या (instrumental singular)
स्वस्ती1 (instrumental singular)
स्वस्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वस्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
स्वस्तये (dative singular)
स्वस्त्यै2 (dative singular)
स्वस्ती1 (dative singular)
स्वस्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वस्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वस्तेः (ablative singular)
स्वस्त्याः2 (ablative singular)
स्वस्त्यै3 (ablative singular)
स्वस्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वस्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वस्तेः (genitive singular)
स्वस्त्याः2 (genitive singular)
स्वस्त्यै3 (genitive singular)
स्वस्त्योः (dual genitive)
स्वस्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
स्वस्तौ (locative singular)
स्वस्त्याम्2 (locative singular)
स्वस्ता1 (locative singular)
स्वस्त्योः (dual locative)
स्वस्तिषु (locative plural)

स्व॒स्ति न॒ इन्द्रो॑ वृ॒द्धश्र॑वाः स्व॒स्ति न॑: पू॒षा वि॒श्ववे॑दाः।
स्व॒स्ति न॒स्तार्क्ष्यो॒ अरि॑ष्टनेमिः स्व॒स्ति नो॒ बृह॒स्पति॑र्दधातु॥
svastí na índro vṛddháśravāḥ svastí na: pūṣā́ viśvávedāḥ.
svastí nastā́rkṣyo áriṣṭanemiḥ svastí no bṛ́haspátirdadhātu.

May Indra, who listens to much praise, guard our welfare; may Pūṣan, who knows all things, guard our welfare; may Tārkṣya, with unblemished weapons, guard our welfare.