प्रविष्ट

praviṣṭa (romanization)
प्रविष्टः (nominative singular)
प्रविष्टौ (dual nominative)
प्रविष्टा1 (dual nominative)
प्रविष्टाः (nominative plural)
प्रविष्टासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रविष्ट (singular vocative)
प्रविष्टौ (dual vocative)
प्रविष्टा1 (dual vocative)
प्रविष्टाः (plural vocative)
प्रविष्टासः1 (plural vocative)
प्रविष्टम् (accusative singular)
प्रविष्टौ (accusative dual)
प्रविष्टा1 (accusative dual)
प्रविष्टान् (accusative plural)
प्रविष्टेन (instrumental singular)
प्रविष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रविष्टैः (instrumental plural)
प्रविष्टेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रविष्टाय (dative singular)
प्रविष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रविष्टेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रविष्टात् (ablative singular)
प्रविष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रविष्टेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रविष्टस्य (genitive singular)
प्रविष्टयोः (dual genitive)
प्रविष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रविष्टे (locative singular)
प्रविष्टयोः (dual locative)
प्रविष्टेषु (locative plural)
प्रविष्टा (nominative singular)
प्रविष्टे (dual nominative)
प्रविष्टाः (nominative plural)
प्रविष्टे (singular vocative)
प्रविष्टे (dual vocative)
प्रविष्टाः (plural vocative)
प्रविष्टाम् (accusative singular)
प्रविष्टे (accusative dual)
प्रविष्टाः (accusative plural)
प्रविष्टया (instrumental singular)
प्रविष्टा1 (instrumental singular)
प्रविष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रविष्टाभिः (instrumental plural)
प्रविष्टायै (dative singular)
प्रविष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रविष्टाभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रविष्टायाः (ablative singular)
प्रविष्टायै2 (ablative singular)
प्रविष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रविष्टाभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रविष्टायाः (genitive singular)
प्रविष्टायै2 (genitive singular)
प्रविष्टयोः (dual genitive)
प्रविष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रविष्टायाम् (locative singular)
प्रविष्टयोः (dual locative)
प्रविष्टासु (locative plural)
प्रविष्टम् (nominative singular)
प्रविष्टे (dual nominative)
प्रविष्टानि (nominative plural)
प्रविष्टा1 (nominative plural)
प्रविष्ट (singular vocative)
प्रविष्टे (dual vocative)
प्रविष्टानि (plural vocative)
प्रविष्टा1 (plural vocative)
प्रविष्टम् (accusative singular)
प्रविष्टे (accusative dual)
प्रविष्टानि (accusative plural)
प्रविष्टा1 (accusative plural)
प्रविष्टेन (instrumental singular)
प्रविष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रविष्टैः (instrumental plural)
प्रविष्टेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रविष्टाय (dative singular)
प्रविष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रविष्टेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रविष्टात् (ablative singular)
प्रविष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रविष्टेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रविष्टस्य (genitive singular)
प्रविष्टयोः (dual genitive)
प्रविष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रविष्टे (locative singular)
प्रविष्टयोः (dual locative)
प्रविष्टेषु (locative plural)

Pali: paviṭṭha

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑀯𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞 (paviṭṭha), Prakrit: 𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞 (païṭṭha)

Hindi: पैठा (paiṭhā) (→ पैठना (paiṭhnā))

→ Hindi: प्रविष्ट (praviṣṭ)

/pɾɐ.ʋiʂ.ʈɐ́/

/pɾɐˈʋiʂ.ʈɐ/


स्तोतृ

stotṛ́ (romanization)
स्तोता (nominative singular)
स्तोतारौ (dual nominative)
स्तोतारा1 (dual nominative)
स्तोतारः (nominative plural)
स्तोतः (singular vocative)
स्तोतारौ (dual vocative)
स्तोतारा1 (dual vocative)
स्तोतारः (plural vocative)
स्तोतारम् (accusative singular)
स्तोतारौ (accusative dual)
स्तोतारा1 (accusative dual)
स्तोतॄन् (accusative plural)
स्तोत्रा (instrumental singular)
स्तोतृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्तोतृभिः (instrumental plural)
स्तोत्रे (dative singular)
स्तोतृभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्तोतृभ्यः (dative plural)
स्तोतुः (ablative singular)
स्तोतृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्तोतृभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्तोतुः (genitive singular)
स्तोत्रोः (dual genitive)
स्तोतॄणाम् (genitive plural)
स्तोतरि (locative singular)
स्तोत्रोः (dual locative)
स्तोतृषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *stawtā́ (“praiser, eulogizer”), from Proto-Indo-European *stéw-tōr ~ *stu-tr-és (“praiser, eulogizer”), from *stew- (“to praise, eulogize”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬙𐬀𐬭 (staotar, “praiser”).

inh

पूषन् तव व्रते वयं न रिष्येम कदा चन ।
स्तोतारस् त इह स्मसि ॥
pūṣan tava vrate vayaṃ na riṣyema kadā cana.
stotāras ta iha smasi.

Secure in thy protecting care, O Pūṣan, never may we fail.


गव्य

gavyá (romanization)
gávya (romanization)
गव्यः (nominative singular)
गव्यौ (dual nominative)
गव्या1 (dual nominative)
गव्याः (nominative plural)
गव्यासः1 (nominative plural)
गव्य (singular vocative)
गव्यौ (dual vocative)
गव्या1 (dual vocative)
गव्याः (plural vocative)
गव्यासः1 (plural vocative)
गव्यम् (accusative singular)
गव्यौ (accusative dual)
गव्या1 (accusative dual)
गव्यान् (accusative plural)
गव्येन (instrumental singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गव्यैः (instrumental plural)
गव्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गव्याय (dative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
गव्यात् (ablative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
गव्यस्य (genitive singular)
गव्ययोः (dual genitive)
गव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
गव्ये (locative singular)
गव्ययोः (dual locative)
गव्येषु (locative plural)
गव्या (nominative singular)
गव्ये (dual nominative)
गव्याः (nominative plural)
गव्ये (singular vocative)
गव्ये (dual vocative)
गव्याः (plural vocative)
गव्याम् (accusative singular)
गव्ये (accusative dual)
गव्याः (accusative plural)
गव्यया (instrumental singular)
गव्या1 (instrumental singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गव्याभिः (instrumental plural)
गव्यायै (dative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
गव्याभ्यः (dative plural)
गव्यायाः (ablative singular)
गव्यायै2 (ablative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गव्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
गव्यायाः (genitive singular)
गव्यायै2 (genitive singular)
गव्ययोः (dual genitive)
गव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
गव्यायाम् (locative singular)
गव्ययोः (dual locative)
गव्यासु (locative plural)
गव्यम् (nominative singular)
गव्ये (dual nominative)
गव्यानि (nominative plural)
गव्या1 (nominative plural)
गव्य (singular vocative)
गव्ये (dual vocative)
गव्यानि (plural vocative)
गव्या1 (plural vocative)
गव्यम् (accusative singular)
गव्ये (accusative dual)
गव्यानि (accusative plural)
गव्या1 (accusative plural)
गव्येन (instrumental singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गव्यैः (instrumental plural)
गव्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गव्याय (dative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
गव्यात् (ablative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
गव्यस्य (genitive singular)
गव्ययोः (dual genitive)
गव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
गव्ये (locative singular)
गव्ययोः (dual locative)
गव्येषु (locative plural)
गव्यः (nominative singular)
गव्यौ (dual nominative)
गव्या1 (dual nominative)
गव्याः (nominative plural)
गव्यासः1 (nominative plural)
गव्य (singular vocative)
गव्यौ (dual vocative)
गव्या1 (dual vocative)
गव्याः (plural vocative)
गव्यासः1 (plural vocative)
गव्यम् (accusative singular)
गव्यौ (accusative dual)
गव्या1 (accusative dual)
गव्यान् (accusative plural)
गव्येन (instrumental singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गव्यैः (instrumental plural)
गव्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गव्याय (dative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
गव्यात् (ablative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
गव्यस्य (genitive singular)
गव्ययोः (dual genitive)
गव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
गव्ये (locative singular)
गव्ययोः (dual locative)
गव्येषु (locative plural)
गव्या (nominative singular)
गव्ये (dual nominative)
गव्याः (nominative plural)
गव्ये (singular vocative)
गव्ये (dual vocative)
गव्याः (plural vocative)
गव्याम् (accusative singular)
गव्ये (accusative dual)
गव्याः (accusative plural)
गव्यया (instrumental singular)
गव्या1 (instrumental singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गव्याभिः (instrumental plural)
गव्यायै (dative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
गव्याभ्यः (dative plural)
गव्यायाः (ablative singular)
गव्यायै2 (ablative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गव्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
गव्यायाः (genitive singular)
गव्यायै2 (genitive singular)
गव्ययोः (dual genitive)
गव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
गव्यायाम् (locative singular)
गव्ययोः (dual locative)
गव्यासु (locative plural)
गव्यम् (nominative singular)
गव्ये (dual nominative)
गव्यानि (nominative plural)
गव्या1 (nominative plural)
गव्य (singular vocative)
गव्ये (dual vocative)
गव्यानि (plural vocative)
गव्या1 (plural vocative)
गव्यम् (accusative singular)
गव्ये (accusative dual)
गव्यानि (accusative plural)
गव्या1 (accusative plural)
गव्येन (instrumental singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गव्यैः (instrumental plural)
गव्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गव्याय (dative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
गव्यात् (ablative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
गव्यस्य (genitive singular)
गव्ययोः (dual genitive)
गव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
गव्ये (locative singular)
गव्ययोः (dual locative)
गव्येषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gáwyas (“pertaining to cattle; coming from cattle”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷów-yo-s (“of or pertaining to cattle”), from *gʷṓws (“cow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬌𐬀 (gaoiia, “coming from cattle, consisting of cattle”), Ancient Greek ἐννεά-βοιος (enneá-boios, “worth nine oxen”), Old Armenian կոգի (kogi, “butter”).

cog

आ नो गव्येभिर् अश्व्यैर् वसव्यैर् उप गच्छतम् ।
सखायौ देवौ सख्याय शम्भुवेन्द्राग्नी ता हवामहे ॥
ā no gavyebhir aśvyair vasavyair upa gacchatam.

Come unto us with riches, come with wealth in terms of horses and in terms of cows.
Indra and Agni, we invoke you both, the Gods, as Friends for friendship, bringing bliss.

sakhāyau devau sakhyāya śambhuvendrāgnī tā havāmahe.

related to cows, of or pertaining to cows or cattle

coming from cows (especially used to refer to milk and curds)


गव्य

gávya (romanization)
गव्यम् (nominative singular)
गव्ये (dual nominative)
गव्यानि (nominative plural)
गव्या1 (nominative plural)
गव्य (singular vocative)
गव्ये (dual vocative)
गव्यानि (plural vocative)
गव्या1 (plural vocative)
गव्यम् (accusative singular)
गव्ये (accusative dual)
गव्यानि (accusative plural)
गव्या1 (accusative plural)
गव्येन (instrumental singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गव्यैः (instrumental plural)
गव्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गव्याय (dative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
गव्यात् (ablative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
गव्यस्य (genitive singular)
गव्ययोः (dual genitive)
गव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
गव्ये (locative singular)
गव्ययोः (dual locative)
गव्येषु (locative plural)

Odia: ଗାବ (gāba, “cattle”)

अभी नो अग्न उक्थमिज्जुगुर्या द्यावाक्षामा सिन्धवश्च स्वगूर्ताः ।
गव्यं यव्यं यन्तो दीर्घाहेषं वरमरुण्यो वरन्त ॥
abhī no agna ukthamijjuguryā dyāvākṣāmā sindhavaśca svagūrtāḥ.

Welcome our laud with thine approval, Agni. May earth and heaven and freely flowing rivers
Yield us long life and food and corn and cattle, and may the red Dawns choose for us their choicest.

gavyaṃ yavyaṃ yanto dīrghāheṣaṃ varamaruṇyo varanta.


गव्य

gavyá (romanization)
गव्यम् (nominative singular)
गव्ये (dual nominative)
गव्यानि (nominative plural)
गव्या1 (nominative plural)
गव्य (singular vocative)
गव्ये (dual vocative)
गव्यानि (plural vocative)
गव्या1 (plural vocative)
गव्यम् (accusative singular)
गव्ये (accusative dual)
गव्यानि (accusative plural)
गव्या1 (accusative plural)
गव्येन (instrumental singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गव्यैः (instrumental plural)
गव्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गव्याय (dative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
गव्यात् (ablative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
गव्यस्य (genitive singular)
गव्ययोः (dual genitive)
गव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
गव्ये (locative singular)
गव्ययोः (dual locative)
गव्येषु (locative plural)


दुष्कृत

sa-adj

दुष्कृत • (dúṣkṛta) stem

dúṣkṛta (romanization)
दुष्कृतः (nominative singular)
दुष्कृतौ (dual nominative)
दुष्कृता1 (dual nominative)
दुष्कृताः (nominative plural)
दुष्कृतासः1 (nominative plural)
दुष्कृत (singular vocative)
दुष्कृतौ (dual vocative)
दुष्कृता1 (dual vocative)
दुष्कृताः (plural vocative)
दुष्कृतासः1 (plural vocative)
दुष्कृतम् (accusative singular)
दुष्कृतौ (accusative dual)
दुष्कृता1 (accusative dual)
दुष्कृतान् (accusative plural)
दुष्कृतेन (instrumental singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुष्कृतैः (instrumental plural)
दुष्कृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुष्कृताय (dative singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुष्कृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुष्कृतात् (ablative singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुष्कृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुष्कृतस्य (genitive singular)
दुष्कृतयोः (dual genitive)
दुष्कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
दुष्कृते (locative singular)
दुष्कृतयोः (dual locative)
दुष्कृतेषु (locative plural)
दुष्कृता (nominative singular)
दुष्कृते (dual nominative)
दुष्कृताः (nominative plural)
दुष्कृते (singular vocative)
दुष्कृते (dual vocative)
दुष्कृताः (plural vocative)
दुष्कृताम् (accusative singular)
दुष्कृते (accusative dual)
दुष्कृताः (accusative plural)
दुष्कृतया (instrumental singular)
दुष्कृता1 (instrumental singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुष्कृताभिः (instrumental plural)
दुष्कृतायै (dative singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुष्कृताभ्यः (dative plural)
दुष्कृतायाः (ablative singular)
दुष्कृतायै2 (ablative singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुष्कृताभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुष्कृतायाः (genitive singular)
दुष्कृतायै2 (genitive singular)
दुष्कृतयोः (dual genitive)
दुष्कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
दुष्कृतायाम् (locative singular)
दुष्कृतयोः (dual locative)
दुष्कृतासु (locative plural)
दुष्कृतम् (nominative singular)
दुष्कृते (dual nominative)
दुष्कृतानि (nominative plural)
दुष्कृता1 (nominative plural)
दुष्कृत (singular vocative)
दुष्कृते (dual vocative)
दुष्कृतानि (plural vocative)
दुष्कृता1 (plural vocative)
दुष्कृतम् (accusative singular)
दुष्कृते (accusative dual)
दुष्कृतानि (accusative plural)
दुष्कृता1 (accusative plural)
दुष्कृतेन (instrumental singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुष्कृतैः (instrumental plural)
दुष्कृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुष्कृताय (dative singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुष्कृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुष्कृतात् (ablative singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुष्कृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुष्कृतस्य (genitive singular)
दुष्कृतयोः (dual genitive)
दुष्कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
दुष्कृते (locative singular)
दुष्कृतयोः (dual locative)
दुष्कृतेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *duškr̥tás (“badly done, ill-done”), *duš- + *kr̥tás. Old Persian 𐎯𐏁𐎣𐎼𐎫 (du-š-k-r-t /duškṛta/, “badly done”). By surface analysis, दुस् (dus, prefix denoting something bad or wrong) + कृत (kṛta, “done”).

surf

सोऽस्यैष सुकृत आत्मा । तद्यस्य हैतमेवं सुकृतमात्मानं कुर्वन्त्येतं ह स सुकृतमात्मानमभिसम्भवत्यथ यस्य हैतमतोऽन्यथा कुर्वन्ति दुष्कृतं ह तस्यात्मानं कुर्वन्ति स ह स दुष्कृतम् एवात्मानमभिसम्भवति

That body of his (Agni) is well-made; --and, indeed, for whomsoever they thus make that body of his so as to be well-made, he becomes possessed of that body of his as a well-made one; but for whomsoever they make it otherwise than that, for him they make that body of his so as to be ill-made, and he becomes possessed of an ill-made body.

soʼsyaiṣa sukṛta ātmā. tadyasya haitamevaṃ sukṛtamātmānaṃ kurvantyetaṃ ha sa sukṛtamātmānamabhisambhavatyatha yasya haitamatoʼnyathā kurvanti duṣkṛtaṃ ha tasyātmānaṃ kurvanti sa ha sa duṣkṛtam evātmānamabhisambhavati

badly or wrongly done, ill done; wrongly arranged or applied


दुष्कृत

duṣkṛtá (romanization)
दुष्कृतम् (nominative singular)
दुष्कृते (dual nominative)
दुष्कृतानि (nominative plural)
दुष्कृता1 (nominative plural)
दुष्कृत (singular vocative)
दुष्कृते (dual vocative)
दुष्कृतानि (plural vocative)
दुष्कृता1 (plural vocative)
दुष्कृतम् (accusative singular)
दुष्कृते (accusative dual)
दुष्कृतानि (accusative plural)
दुष्कृता1 (accusative plural)
दुष्कृतेन (instrumental singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुष्कृतैः (instrumental plural)
दुष्कृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुष्कृताय (dative singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुष्कृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुष्कृतात् (ablative singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुष्कृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुष्कृतस्य (genitive singular)
दुष्कृतयोः (dual genitive)
दुष्कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
दुष्कृते (locative singular)
दुष्कृतयोः (dual locative)
दुष्कृतेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit: dukkaṭa

Kharoshthi script: 𐨡𐨂𐨐𐨚

Brahmi script: 𑀤𑀼𑀓𑀝

desc

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀓𑀢 (dukata /dukkata/)

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀬 (dukkaya)

Ashokan Prakrit: *dukkita

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀺𑀬 (dukkiya)

Pali: dukkata

यद् आशसा निःशसाभिशसोपारिम जाग्रतो यत् स्वपन्तः ।
अग्निर् विश्वान्य् अप दुष्कृतान्य् अजुष्टान्य् आरे अस्मद् दधातु ॥
yad āśasā niḥśasābhiśasopārima jāgrato yat svapantaḥ.

If by address, by blame, by imprecation we have committed sin, while awake or asleep,
All hateful acts of ours, all evil doings may Agni banish away to distant places.

agnir viśvāny apa duṣkṛtāny ajuṣṭāny āre asmad dadhātu.


नाणक

nāṇaka (romanization)
नाणकम् (nominative singular)
नाणके (dual nominative)
नाणकानि (nominative plural)
नाणका1 (nominative plural)
नाणक (singular vocative)
नाणके (dual vocative)
नाणकानि (plural vocative)
नाणका1 (plural vocative)
नाणकम् (accusative singular)
नाणके (accusative dual)
नाणकानि (accusative plural)
नाणका1 (accusative plural)
नाणकेन (instrumental singular)
नाणकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाणकैः (instrumental plural)
नाणकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नाणकाय (dative singular)
नाणकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाणकेभ्यः (dative plural)
नाणकात् (ablative singular)
नाणकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाणकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाणकस्य (genitive singular)
नाणकयोः (dual genitive)
नाणकानाम् (genitive plural)
नाणके (locative singular)
नाणकयोः (dual locative)
नाणकेषु (locative plural)

Marathi: नाणे (nāṇe)

/ˈn̪ɑː.ɳɐ.kɐ/

Of unclear origin. Perhaps borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil நாணயம் (nāṇayam, “coin; honesty”). Alternatively, the Dravidian is borrowed from Sanskrit, and the word is from Prakrit [script needed] (nāṇa-), from Vedic Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñāna, “knowledge”), with a semantic shift from "knowledge" > "proof of acknowledgement" > "coin".

der

a coin or anything stamped with an impression


महेन्द्र

mahendrá (romanization)
महेन्द्रः (nominative singular)
महेन्द्रौ (dual nominative)
महेन्द्रा1 (dual nominative)
महेन्द्राः (nominative plural)
महेन्द्रासः1 (nominative plural)
महेन्द्र (singular vocative)
महेन्द्रौ (dual vocative)
महेन्द्रा1 (dual vocative)
महेन्द्राः (plural vocative)
महेन्द्रासः1 (plural vocative)
महेन्द्रम् (accusative singular)
महेन्द्रौ (accusative dual)
महेन्द्रा1 (accusative dual)
महेन्द्रान् (accusative plural)
महेन्द्रेण (instrumental singular)
महेन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
महेन्द्रैः (instrumental plural)
महेन्द्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
महेन्द्राय (dative singular)
महेन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
महेन्द्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
महेन्द्रात् (ablative singular)
महेन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
महेन्द्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
महेन्द्रस्य (genitive singular)
महेन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
महेन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
महेन्द्रे (locative singular)
महेन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
महेन्द्रेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: মহেন্দ্র (mohendro)

Gujarati: મહેન્દ્ર (mahendra)

Hindi: महेंद्र (mahendra)

Kannada: ಮಹೇಂದ್ರ (mahēndra)

Tamil: மகேந்திரன் (makēntiraṉ)

/mɐˈɦeːn̪.d̪ɾɐ/

Compound of महा (mahā́, “great”) + इन्द्र (índra, “Indra”).

com+

महेन्द्रस्याहं देवयज्यया जेमानं महिमानं गमेयम्

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) I.6.2

By worship to the god Mahendra, may I attain superiority and greatness.

mahendrasyāhaṃ devayajyayā jemānaṃ mahimānaṃ gameyam


उपव्ययते

sa-verb

उपव्ययते • (úpavyayate) third-singular indicative (class 1, type A, root उपव्ये)

From उप (upa) + व्ये (vye, “to envelope, to wrap around”), from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y- (“to twist, wind; to cover, wrap”).

der

निवीतम् मनुष्याणाम् प्राचीनावीतम् पितृणाम् उपवीतं देवानाम् उपव्ययते देवलक्ष्मम् एव तत् कुरुते

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) II.5.11

He wears the thread around the neck for [the sake of] people, over the right shoulder for [the sake of] the ancestors, over the left for the [the sake of] the gods; verily he makes the mark of the gods.

nivītam manuṣyāṇām prācīnāvītam pitṛṇām upavītaṃ devānām upavyayate devalakṣmam eva tat kurute

to put on or invest oneself with the sacred thread


उपवीत

úpavīta (romanization)
उपवीतम् (nominative singular)
उपवीते (dual nominative)
उपवीतानि (nominative plural)
उपवीता1 (nominative plural)
उपवीत (singular vocative)
उपवीते (dual vocative)
उपवीतानि (plural vocative)
उपवीता1 (plural vocative)
उपवीतम् (accusative singular)
उपवीते (accusative dual)
उपवीतानि (accusative plural)
उपवीता1 (accusative plural)
उपवीतेन (instrumental singular)
उपवीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उपवीतैः (instrumental plural)
उपवीतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उपवीताय (dative singular)
उपवीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
उपवीतेभ्यः (dative plural)
उपवीतात् (ablative singular)
उपवीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उपवीतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उपवीतस्य (genitive singular)
उपवीतयोः (dual genitive)
उपवीतानाम् (genitive plural)
उपवीते (locative singular)
उपवीतयोः (dual locative)
उपवीतेषु (locative plural)

Past participle of उपव्ये (upavye, “to wear the sacred thread”).

For the sake of people, he wears the thread around the neck, for [the sake of] the ancestors, he wears the thread over the right shoulder, for the sake of the gods, he wears the thread over the left shoulder; verily he makes the mark of the gods.

the sacred thread worn over the left shoulder and under the right arm by the three twice-born classes

the act of investing one with the sacred thread


उपवीत

Pali: upavīta (“covered”)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀻𑀬 (uvavīya, “the sacred thread”)

Marathi: ओवी (ovī)


कङ्कण

kaṅkaṇa (romanization)
कङ्कणम् (nominative singular)
कङ्कणे (dual nominative)
कङ्कणानि (nominative plural)
कङ्कणा1 (nominative plural)
कङ्कण (singular vocative)
कङ्कणे (dual vocative)
कङ्कणानि (plural vocative)
कङ्कणा1 (plural vocative)
कङ्कणम् (accusative singular)
कङ्कणे (accusative dual)
कङ्कणानि (accusative plural)
कङ्कणा1 (accusative plural)
कङ्कणेन (instrumental singular)
कङ्कणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कङ्कणैः (instrumental plural)
कङ्कणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कङ्कणाय (dative singular)
कङ्कणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कङ्कणेभ्यः (dative plural)
कङ्कणात् (ablative singular)
कङ्कणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कङ्कणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कङ्कणस्य (genitive singular)
कङ्कणयोः (dual genitive)
कङ्कणानाम् (genitive plural)
कङ्कणे (locative singular)
कङ्कणयोः (dual locative)
कङ्कणेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: kangun

Arabic script: کَنگَن

Devanagari script: कंगुन्

Pali: kaṅkana

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀁𑀓𑀡 (kaṃkaṇa)
Central:
Awadhi: ककना (kaknā)
Hindustani: kaknā, kaknī
Hindi: ककना, ककनी
Urdu: ککنا, ککنی
Eastern:
Bengali: কাঁকন (kãkon)
Bihari: कँकना (kãknā), कँकनी (kãknī), ककना (kaknā)
Northern:
Bhadrawahi: कङ्कण (kaṅkaṇ)
Northwestern:
Sindhi: kaṅgaṇu, kaṅgiṇī
Arabic script: ڪَنگَڻُ, ڪَنگِڻِي
Devanagari script: कंगणु, कंगिणी
Punjabi: kaṅgaṇ, kaṅgan
Gurmukhi script: ਕੰਗਣ, ਕੰਗਨ
Shahmukhi script: کنگن, کنگن
→ Hindustani: kaṅgan
Hindi: कंगन
Urdu: کنگن
→ Bihari: कंग्ना (kãgnā), कंग्नी (kãgnī)
Bhojpuri: कंगना (kaṅgᵊnā)
→ Marathi: कंगणी (kaṅgṇī)
→ Nepali: कंग्ना (kaṅgnā)

/kɐ́ŋ.kɐ.ɳɐ/

/ˈkɐŋ.kɐ.ɳɐ/

Monier-Williams links कङ्कण to the root कै (kai, “to sound”). Mayrhofer considers कङ्कण to be sound-imitative, from a repeating onomatopoeia कन्-कन् (kan-kan, “sound of clinking”).

a bracelet; a bangle; an ornament for the wrist; a ring

a band or ribbon (tied around the wrist of a bride or bridegroom before marriage)


कर्त्तरी

karttarī (romanization)
कर्त्तरी (nominative singular)
कर्त्तर्यौ (dual nominative)
कर्त्तरी1 (dual nominative)
कर्त्तर्यः (nominative plural)
कर्त्तरीः1 (nominative plural)
कर्त्तरि (singular vocative)
कर्त्तर्यौ (dual vocative)
कर्त्तरी1 (dual vocative)
कर्त्तर्यः (plural vocative)
कर्त्तरीः1 (plural vocative)
कर्त्तरीम् (accusative singular)
कर्त्तर्यौ (accusative dual)
कर्त्तरी1 (accusative dual)
कर्त्तरीः (accusative plural)
कर्त्तर्या (instrumental singular)
कर्त्तरीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्त्तरीभिः (instrumental plural)
कर्त्तर्यै (dative singular)
कर्त्तरीभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्त्तरीभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्त्तर्याः (ablative singular)
कर्त्तर्यै2 (ablative singular)
कर्त्तरीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्त्तरीभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्त्तर्याः (genitive singular)
कर्त्तर्यै2 (genitive singular)
कर्त्तर्योः (dual genitive)
कर्त्तरीणाम् (genitive plural)
कर्त्तर्याम् (locative singular)
कर्त्तर्योः (dual locative)
कर्त्तरीषु (locative plural)

/ˈkɐɾt̪.t̪ɐ.ɾiː/

[ˈkɐɾt̪̚.t̪ɐ.ɾiː]


सम्मार्जनी

sammārjanī (romanization)
सम्मार्जनी (nominative singular)
सम्मार्जन्यौ (dual nominative)
सम्मार्जनी1 (dual nominative)
सम्मार्जन्यः (nominative plural)
सम्मार्जनीः1 (nominative plural)
सम्मार्जनि (singular vocative)
सम्मार्जन्यौ (dual vocative)
सम्मार्जनी1 (dual vocative)
सम्मार्जन्यः (plural vocative)
सम्मार्जनीः1 (plural vocative)
सम्मार्जनीम् (accusative singular)
सम्मार्जन्यौ (accusative dual)
सम्मार्जनी1 (accusative dual)
सम्मार्जनीः (accusative plural)
सम्मार्जन्या (instrumental singular)
सम्मार्जनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सम्मार्जनीभिः (instrumental plural)
सम्मार्जन्यै (dative singular)
सम्मार्जनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
सम्मार्जनीभ्यः (dative plural)
सम्मार्जन्याः (ablative singular)
सम्मार्जन्यै2 (ablative singular)
सम्मार्जनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सम्मार्जनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
सम्मार्जन्याः (genitive singular)
सम्मार्जन्यै2 (genitive singular)
सम्मार्जन्योः (dual genitive)
सम्मार्जनीनाम् (genitive plural)
सम्मार्जन्याम् (locative singular)
सम्मार्जन्योः (dual locative)
सम्मार्जनीषु (locative plural)

/s̪ɐmˈmɑːɾ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪iː/


रजक

rajaka (romanization)
रजकः (nominative singular)
रजकौ (dual nominative)
रजका1 (dual nominative)
रजकाः (nominative plural)
रजकासः1 (nominative plural)
रजक (singular vocative)
रजकौ (dual vocative)
रजका1 (dual vocative)
रजकाः (plural vocative)
रजकासः1 (plural vocative)
रजकम् (accusative singular)
रजकौ (accusative dual)
रजका1 (accusative dual)
रजकान् (accusative plural)
रजकेन (instrumental singular)
रजकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रजकैः (instrumental plural)
रजकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रजकाय (dative singular)
रजकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रजकेभ्यः (dative plural)
रजकात् (ablative singular)
रजकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रजकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रजकस्य (genitive singular)
रजकयोः (dual genitive)
रजकानाम् (genitive plural)
रजके (locative singular)
रजकयोः (dual locative)
रजकेषु (locative plural)

/ɾɐ́.d͡ʑɐ.kɐ/

/ˈɾɐ.d͡ʑɐ.kɐ/


पेटिका

peṭikā (romanization)
पेटिका (nominative singular)
पेटिके (dual nominative)
पेटिकाः (nominative plural)
पेटिके (singular vocative)
पेटिके (dual vocative)
पेटिकाः (plural vocative)
पेटिकाम् (accusative singular)
पेटिके (accusative dual)
पेटिकाः (accusative plural)
पेटिकया (instrumental singular)
पेटिका1 (instrumental singular)
पेटिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पेटिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
पेटिकायै (dative singular)
पेटिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पेटिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
पेटिकायाः (ablative singular)
पेटिकायै2 (ablative singular)
पेटिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पेटिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
पेटिकायाः (genitive singular)
पेटिकायै2 (genitive singular)
पेटिकयोः (dual genitive)
पेटिकानाम् (genitive plural)
पेटिकायाम् (locative singular)
पेटिकयोः (dual locative)
पेटिकासु (locative plural)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *peṭṭi.

a small basket or box; a case; a suitcase


स्पट्

head

स्पट् • (spáṭ) m

स्पश् स्पश्#Sanskrit

inflection of स्पश् (spáś):
nominative singular

स्पश् स्पश्#Sanskrit

inflection of स्पश् (spáś):
vocative singular

स्पश् स्पश्#Sanskrit

inflection of स्पश् (spáś):
compounding form


उष्णीष

uṣṇīṣa (romanization)
उष्णीषः (nominative singular)
उष्णीषौ (dual nominative)
उष्णीषा1 (dual nominative)
उष्णीषाः (nominative plural)
उष्णीषासः1 (nominative plural)
उष्णीष (singular vocative)
उष्णीषौ (dual vocative)
उष्णीषा1 (dual vocative)
उष्णीषाः (plural vocative)
उष्णीषासः1 (plural vocative)
उष्णीषम् (accusative singular)
उष्णीषौ (accusative dual)
उष्णीषा1 (accusative dual)
उष्णीषान् (accusative plural)
उष्णीषेण (instrumental singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उष्णीषैः (instrumental plural)
उष्णीषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उष्णीषाय (dative singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उष्णीषेभ्यः (dative plural)
उष्णीषात् (ablative singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उष्णीषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उष्णीषस्य (genitive singular)
उष्णीषयोः (dual genitive)
उष्णीषाणाम् (genitive plural)
उष्णीषे (locative singular)
उष्णीषयोः (dual locative)
उष्णीषेषु (locative plural)
उष्णीषम् (nominative singular)
उष्णीषे (dual nominative)
उष्णीषाणि (nominative plural)
उष्णीषा1 (nominative plural)
उष्णीष (singular vocative)
उष्णीषे (dual vocative)
उष्णीषाणि (plural vocative)
उष्णीषा1 (plural vocative)
उष्णीषम् (accusative singular)
उष्णीषे (accusative dual)
उष्णीषाणि (accusative plural)
उष्णीषा1 (accusative plural)
उष्णीषेण (instrumental singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उष्णीषैः (instrumental plural)
उष्णीषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उष्णीषाय (dative singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उष्णीषेभ्यः (dative plural)
उष्णीषात् (ablative singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उष्णीषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उष्णीषस्य (genitive singular)
उष्णीषयोः (dual genitive)
उष्णीषाणाम् (genitive plural)
उष्णीषे (locative singular)
उष्णीषयोः (dual locative)
उष्णीषेषु (locative plural)

desc

Hindi: उश्णीष (uśṇīṣ)

Hindi: उश्णीष (uśṇīṣ)

English: ushnisha

From the root उष् (uṣ, “to burn, consume”), and ultimately from *h₁ews- (“to burn”), cognate with Latin ussī? The line of logic would go that a head covering keeps the head warm. Would thus also be related to Sanskrit उष्ण (uṣṇa).

anything wound round the head; a turban; a fillet

a kind of excrescence on the head of Buddha


ਵੇਲਾ

vélā (romanization)
ਵੇਲਾ (nominative singular)
ਵੇਲੇ (dual nominative)
ਵੇਲਾਃ (nominative plural)
ਵੇਲੇ (singular vocative)
ਵੇਲੇ (dual vocative)
ਵੇਲਾਃ (plural vocative)
ਵੇਲਾਮ੍ (accusative singular)
ਵੇਲੇ (accusative dual)
ਵੇਲਾਃ (accusative plural)
ਵੇਲਯਾ (instrumental singular)
ਵੇਲਾ1 (instrumental singular)
ਵੇਲਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (dual instrumental)
ਵੇਲਾਭਿਃ (instrumental plural)
ਵੇਲਾਯੈ (dative singular)
ਵੇਲਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (dative dual)
ਵੇਲਾਭ੍ਯਃ (dative plural)
ਵੇਲਾਯਾਃ (ablative singular)
ਵੇਲਾਯੈ2 (ablative singular)
ਵੇਲਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (ablative dual)
ਵੇਲਾਭ੍ਯਃ (ablative plural)
ਵੇਲਾਯਾਃ (genitive singular)
ਵੇਲਾਯੈ2 (genitive singular)
ਵੇਲਯੋਃ (dual genitive)
ਵੇਲਾਨਾਮ੍ (genitive plural)
ਵੇਲਾਯਾਮ੍ (locative singular)
ਵੇਲਯੋਃ (dual locative)
ਵੇਲਾਸੁ (locative plural)


पूज्य

to be honoured or worshipped venerable adorable fit for or deserving of worship adoration etc with in g or –˚ -tama spv most worthy of honour -tâ f -tva n venerableness


वाघत्

vāghát (romanization)
वाघत् (nominative singular)
वाघतौ (dual nominative)
वाघता1 (dual nominative)
वाघतः (nominative plural)
वाघत् (singular vocative)
वाघतौ (dual vocative)
वाघता1 (dual vocative)
वाघतः (plural vocative)
वाघतम् (accusative singular)
वाघतौ (accusative dual)
वाघता1 (accusative dual)
वाघतः (accusative plural)
वाघता (instrumental singular)
वाघद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाघद्भिः (instrumental plural)
वाघते (dative singular)
वाघद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
वाघद्भ्यः (dative plural)
वाघतः (ablative singular)
वाघद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाघद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
वाघतः (genitive singular)
वाघतोः (dual genitive)
वाघताम् (genitive plural)
वाघति (locative singular)
वाघतोः (dual locative)
वाघत्सु (locative plural)

/ˈʋɑː.ɡʱɐt̪/

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁wogʷʰ-ét, from *h₁wegʷʰ- (“to pray, to praise”). Cognate with Ancient Greek εὔχομαι (eúkhomai, “to pray”).

cog

पुरुत्रा चिद्धि वां नरा विह्वयन्ते मनीषिणः ।
वाघद्भिर् अश्विना गतम् ॥
purutrā ciddhi vāṃ narā vihvayante manīṣiṇaḥ.
vāghadbhir aśvinā gatam.
Verily sages call on you, ye Heroes, in full many a place.

Come, O Aśvins, having been called upon by the initating priests.

the institutor or initiator of the Vedic ritual worship


हृषीकेश

sa-prop

हृषीकेश • (hṛṣīkeśa) stem, m

hṛṣīkeśa (romanization)
हृषीकेशः (nominative singular)
हृषीकेशौ (dual nominative)
हृषीकेशाः (nominative plural)
हृषीकेश (singular vocative)
हृषीकेशौ (dual vocative)
हृषीकेशाः (plural vocative)
हृषीकेशम् (accusative singular)
हृषीकेशौ (accusative dual)
हृषीकेशान् (accusative plural)
हृषीकेशेन (instrumental singular)
हृषीकेशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हृषीकेशैः (instrumental plural)
हृषीकेशाय (dative singular)
हृषीकेशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हृषीकेशेभ्यः (dative plural)
हृषीकेशात् (ablative singular)
हृषीकेशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हृषीकेशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हृषीकेशस्य (genitive singular)
हृषीकेशयोः (dual genitive)
हृषीकेशानाम् (genitive plural)
हृषीकेशे (locative singular)
हृषीकेशयोः (dual locative)
हृषीकेशेषु (locative plural)

/ɦr̩.ʂiːˈkeː.ɕɐ/

Compound of हृषीक (hṛṣīka, “sense”) + ईश (īśa, “lord”), literally “lord of the senses”.


जगती

jágatī (romanization)
जगती (nominative singular)
जगत्यौ (dual nominative)
जगती1 (dual nominative)
जगत्यः (nominative plural)
जगतीः1 (nominative plural)
जगति (singular vocative)
जगत्यौ (dual vocative)
जगती1 (dual vocative)
जगत्यः (plural vocative)
जगतीः1 (plural vocative)
जगतीम् (accusative singular)
जगत्यौ (accusative dual)
जगती1 (accusative dual)
जगतीः (accusative plural)
जगत्या (instrumental singular)
जगतीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगतीभिः (instrumental plural)
जगत्यै (dative singular)
जगतीभ्याम् (dative dual)
जगतीभ्यः (dative plural)
जगत्याः (ablative singular)
जगत्यै2 (ablative singular)
जगतीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगतीभ्यः (ablative plural)
जगत्याः (genitive singular)
जगत्यै2 (genitive singular)
जगत्योः (dual genitive)
जगतीनाम् (genitive plural)
जगत्याम् (locative singular)
जगत्योः (dual locative)
जगतीषु (locative plural)

/d͡ʑɐ́.ɡɐ.tiː/

/ˈd͡ʑɐ.ɡɐ.t̪iː/

the plants (or flour as coming from plants)


अतिरेको

अतिरेक अतिरेक#Sanskrit

sandhi form of nominative singular masculine of अतिरेक (atireka)


वसुश्रवस्

From , whence also Liburnian Vescleves-. By surface analysis, वसु (vásu, “good”) + श्रवस् (śrávas, “fame”).

surf

वसुरग्निर्वसुश्रवा अच्छा नक्षि द्युमत्तमं रयिं दाः

vasuragnirvasuśravā acchā nakṣi dyumattamaṃ rayiṃ dāḥ


आकर

ākara (romanization)
आकरः (nominative singular)
आकरौ (dual nominative)
आकरा1 (dual nominative)
आकराः (nominative plural)
आकरासः1 (nominative plural)
आकर (singular vocative)
आकरौ (dual vocative)
आकरा1 (dual vocative)
आकराः (plural vocative)
आकरासः1 (plural vocative)
आकरम् (accusative singular)
आकरौ (accusative dual)
आकरा1 (accusative dual)
आकरान् (accusative plural)
आकरेण (instrumental singular)
आकराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आकरैः (instrumental plural)
आकरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आकराय (dative singular)
आकराभ्याम् (dative dual)
आकरेभ्यः (dative plural)
आकरात् (ablative singular)
आकराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आकरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आकरस्य (genitive singular)
आकरयोः (dual genitive)
आकराणाम् (genitive plural)
आकरे (locative singular)
आकरयोः (dual locative)
आकरेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: आकर (ākar)

Pali: ākara

→ Khmer: អាករ (ʼaakɑɑ)

desc

→ Lao: ອາກອນ (ʼā kǭn)

→ Lao: ອາກອນ (ʼā kǭn)

→ Thai: อากร (aa-gɔɔn, “group; origin”)

one who scatters, i.e. distributes abundantly


जले

inflection of जल (jala, “water”):
locative singular

inflection of जल (jala, “water”):
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


जले

inflection of जल (jala, “stupid”):
locative singular masculine/neuter

inflection of जल (jala, “stupid”):
vocative singular feminine


जले

locative singular of जल (jala, “stupid man”)


अच्छो

sandhi form of nominative singular of अच्छ (accha, “bear”)


अभ्रि

ábhri (romanization)
अभ्रिः (nominative singular)
अभ्री (dual nominative)
अभ्रयः (nominative plural)
अभ्रे (singular vocative)
अभ्री (dual vocative)
अभ्रयः (plural vocative)
अभ्रिम् (accusative singular)
अभ्री (accusative dual)
अभ्रीः (accusative plural)
अभ्र्या (instrumental singular)
अभ्री1 (instrumental singular)
अभ्रिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अभ्रिभिः (instrumental plural)
अभ्रये (dative singular)
अभ्र्यै2 (dative singular)
अभ्री1 (dative singular)
अभ्रिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अभ्रिभ्यः (dative plural)
अभ्रेः (ablative singular)
अभ्र्याः2 (ablative singular)
अभ्र्यै3 (ablative singular)
अभ्रिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अभ्रिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अभ्रेः (genitive singular)
अभ्र्याः2 (genitive singular)
अभ्र्यै3 (genitive singular)
अभ्र्योः (dual genitive)
अभ्रीणाम् (genitive plural)
अभ्रौ (locative singular)
अभ्र्याम्2 (locative singular)
अभ्रा1 (locative singular)
अभ्र्योः (dual locative)
अभ्रिषु (locative plural)

Tentatively compared to Ancient Greek ἀφρίους (aphríous).


चन्द्रशेखर

candraśekhara (romanization)
चन्द्रशेखरः (nominative singular)
चन्द्रशेखरौ (dual nominative)
चन्द्रशेखरा1 (dual nominative)
चन्द्रशेखराः (nominative plural)
चन्द्रशेखरासः1 (nominative plural)
चन्द्रशेखर (singular vocative)
चन्द्रशेखरौ (dual vocative)
चन्द्रशेखरा1 (dual vocative)
चन्द्रशेखराः (plural vocative)
चन्द्रशेखरासः1 (plural vocative)
चन्द्रशेखरम् (accusative singular)
चन्द्रशेखरौ (accusative dual)
चन्द्रशेखरा1 (accusative dual)
चन्द्रशेखरान् (accusative plural)
चन्द्रशेखरेण (instrumental singular)
चन्द्रशेखराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चन्द्रशेखरैः (instrumental plural)
चन्द्रशेखरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चन्द्रशेखराय (dative singular)
चन्द्रशेखराभ्याम् (dative dual)
चन्द्रशेखरेभ्यः (dative plural)
चन्द्रशेखरात् (ablative singular)
चन्द्रशेखराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चन्द्रशेखरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चन्द्रशेखरस्य (genitive singular)
चन्द्रशेखरयोः (dual genitive)
चन्द्रशेखराणाम् (genitive plural)
चन्द्रशेखरे (locative singular)
चन्द्रशेखरयोः (dual locative)
चन्द्रशेखरेषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: চন্দ্রশেখর (condrośekhor)

→ Gujarati: ચંદ્રશેખર (candraśekhar)

→ Hindi: चंद्रशेखर (candraśekhar)

→ Kannada: ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ (candraśēkhara)

→ Marathi: चंद्रशेखर (candraśekhar)

சந்திரசேகரன்

→ Tamil: சந்திரசேகரன் (cantiracēkaraṉ)

/t͡ɕɐn.dɾɐ.ɕɐj.kʰɐ.ɾɐ/

/t͡ɕɐn̪.d̪ɾɐˈɕeː.kʰɐ.ɾɐ/

चन्द्र (candra, “Moon”) + शेखर (śekhara, “crest”), referring to the Moon resting on Shiva's head.


बेडा

beḍā (romanization)
बेडा (nominative singular)
बेडे (dual nominative)
बेडाः (nominative plural)
बेडे (singular vocative)
बेडे (dual vocative)
बेडाः (plural vocative)
बेडाम् (accusative singular)
बेडे (accusative dual)
बेडाः (accusative plural)
बेडया (instrumental singular)
बेडा1 (instrumental singular)
बेडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बेडाभिः (instrumental plural)
बेडायै (dative singular)
बेडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बेडाभ्यः (dative plural)
बेडायाः (ablative singular)
बेडायै2 (ablative singular)
बेडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बेडाभ्यः (ablative plural)
बेडायाः (genitive singular)
बेडायै2 (genitive singular)
बेडयोः (dual genitive)
बेडानाम् (genitive plural)
बेडायाम् (locative singular)
बेडयोः (dual locative)
बेडासु (locative plural)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀩𑁂𑀟 (beḍa), 𑀩𑁂𑀟𑀸 (beḍā), 𑀯𑁂𑀟 (veḍa), 𑀪𑁂𑀟 (bheḍa)

Sindhi: ٻِيڙِي, ॿेड़ी

Sindhi: ٻِيڙِي, ॿेड़ी

Hindi: बेड़ा (beṛā)

Prakrit: 𑀪𑁂𑀮𑀸 (bhelā)

Odia: ଭେଳା (bheḷā)

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paraqu, likely through Dravidian.


कट

kaṭa (romanization)
कटः (nominative singular)
कटौ (dual nominative)
कटा1 (dual nominative)
कटाः (nominative plural)
कटासः1 (nominative plural)
कट (singular vocative)
कटौ (dual vocative)
कटा1 (dual vocative)
कटाः (plural vocative)
कटासः1 (plural vocative)
कटम् (accusative singular)
कटौ (accusative dual)
कटा1 (accusative dual)
कटान् (accusative plural)
कटेन (instrumental singular)
कटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कटैः (instrumental plural)
कटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कटाय (dative singular)
कटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कटेभ्यः (dative plural)
कटात् (ablative singular)
कटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कटस्य (genitive singular)
कटयोः (dual genitive)
कटानाम् (genitive plural)
कटे (locative singular)
कटयोः (dual locative)
कटेषु (locative plural)

Probably from a Middle Indic form of unattested *कृत (kṛta), from the root कृत् (kṛt, “to spin”).

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā)

c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

a twist of straw of grass, straw mat, a screen of straw


कट

Of uncertain origin.
Perhaps from an unattested *कृत (kṛta, “curved”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kel-to- (“to curve, bend”), and thus cognate with Ancient Greek σκέλος (skélos, “leg”) and Latin scelus (“wicked deed”).
Alternatively, borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil கடம் (kaṭam, “mountain side, elephant's temple”), Kannada ಕಡೆ (kaḍe, “side, end”), Telugu కడ (kaḍa, “place; end”). See also कटि (kaṭi, “side, end, hip”).

cog

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

the hollow above the hip or the loins, the hip and loins


कट

Of unclear origin. Probably related to Etymology 1. Alternatively, borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil கட்டை (kaṭṭai, “corpse”).

a hearse or any vehicle for conveying a dead body


कट

Borrowed from Dravidian; compare Telugu గడ్డి (gaḍḍi, “grass, straw”). See also खट (khaṭa, “thatching grass”).


कट

Perhaps from Etymology 1, with semantic shift; agreements would be conducted on straw mats in the Classical era. Alternatively, from कृ (kṛ, “to express”).


कट

See करकट (karakaṭa, “elephant's temples”) / करट (karaṭa, “elephant's temples”).

c. 400 CE, Kālidāsa, Raghuvaṃśa

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa


कट

kaṭa (romanization)
कटम् (nominative singular)
कटे (dual nominative)
कटानि (nominative plural)
कटा1 (nominative plural)
कट (singular vocative)
कटे (dual vocative)
कटानि (plural vocative)
कटा1 (plural vocative)
कटम् (accusative singular)
कटे (accusative dual)
कटानि (accusative plural)
कटा1 (accusative plural)
कटेन (instrumental singular)
कटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कटैः (instrumental plural)
कटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कटाय (dative singular)
कटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कटेभ्यः (dative plural)
कटात् (ablative singular)
कटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कटस्य (genitive singular)
कटयोः (dual genitive)
कटानाम् (genitive plural)
कटे (locative singular)
कटयोः (dual locative)
कटेषु (locative plural)

Not listed in etymological dictionaries. Perhaps related to Etymologies 3 or 4.

(at the end of compounds) dust of flowers


पूर्णमास

sa-noun

पूर्णमास • (pūrṇámāsa) stem, m

pūrṇámāsa (romanization)
पूर्णमासः (nominative singular)
पूर्णमासौ (dual nominative)
पूर्णमासा1 (dual nominative)
पूर्णमासाः (nominative plural)
पूर्णमासासः1 (nominative plural)
पूर्णमास (singular vocative)
पूर्णमासौ (dual vocative)
पूर्णमासा1 (dual vocative)
पूर्णमासाः (plural vocative)
पूर्णमासासः1 (plural vocative)
पूर्णमासम् (accusative singular)
पूर्णमासौ (accusative dual)
पूर्णमासा1 (accusative dual)
पूर्णमासान् (accusative plural)
पूर्णमासेन (instrumental singular)
पूर्णमासाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पूर्णमासैः (instrumental plural)
पूर्णमासेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पूर्णमासाय (dative singular)
पूर्णमासाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पूर्णमासेभ्यः (dative plural)
पूर्णमासात् (ablative singular)
पूर्णमासाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पूर्णमासेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पूर्णमासस्य (genitive singular)
पूर्णमासयोः (dual genitive)
पूर्णमासानाम् (genitive plural)
पूर्णमासे (locative singular)
पूर्णमासयोः (dual locative)
पूर्णमासेषु (locative plural)

desc

Pali: puṇṇamāse (“on the full moon day”, locative)

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀻 (puṇṇamāsī), 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀲𑀻 (puṇṇimasī)

/puːɾ.ɳɐˈmɑː.s̪ɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hná-mā́Has ~ *pr̥Hná-mā́Hasas (“full moon”). Compare Avestan 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬋-𐬨𐬂𐬢𐬵𐬀 (pər^ənō-måŋha, “full moon”), Middle Persian pwrm՚ẖ (purrmāh, “full moon”). See also पूर्णमास् (pūrṇamās), attested in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa. Equivalent to पूर्ण (pūrṇa, “full”) + मास (māsa, “moon”).

cog

𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬋-𐬨𐬂𐬢𐬵𐬀

compound

तस्माद् वार्त्रघ्नी पूर्णमासे ऽनूच्येते वृधन्वती अमावास्यायाम् ।

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) II.5.2.5

Therefore, verses are uttered at the full moon referring to the slaying of Vrtra, [and] at the new moon referring to his growth.

tasmād vārtraghnī pūrṇamāse ʼnūcyete vṛdhanvatī amāvāsyāyām.

full moon; the day or night of the full moon


नकिस्

A compound of न (ná, “no”) and किस् (kís, “who”).

माकिस् माकिस्

nobody, no one indicative usage, as opposed to prohibitive माकिस्


माकिस्

A compound of मा (mā́, “prohibitive”) and किस् (kís, “who”).

nobody, no one (prohibitive usage, as opposed to नकिस्)


मारि

māri (romanization)
मारिः (nominative singular)
मारी (dual nominative)
मारयः (nominative plural)
मारे (singular vocative)
मारी (dual vocative)
मारयः (plural vocative)
मारिम् (accusative singular)
मारी (accusative dual)
मारीन् (accusative plural)
मारिणा (instrumental singular)
मार्या1 (instrumental singular)
मारिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मारिभिः (instrumental plural)
मारये (dative singular)
मारिभ्याम् (dative dual)
मारिभ्यः (dative plural)
मारेः (ablative singular)
मार्यः1 (ablative singular)
मारिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मारिभ्यः (ablative plural)
मारेः (genitive singular)
मार्यः1 (genitive singular)
मार्योः (dual genitive)
मारीणाम् (genitive plural)
मारौ (locative singular)
मारा1 (locative singular)
मार्योः (dual locative)
मारिषु (locative plural)


किस्

head

किस् • (kís)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kís ~ čís, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷís. Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬗𐬌𐬨 (cim), 𐬐𐬆𐬨 (kəm). According to Mayrhofer, किस् (kis) is either an archaism or a Prakritism.


किस्

किस् • (kís)


पुरोवात

purovātá (romanization)
पुरोवातः (nominative singular)
पुरोवातौ (dual nominative)
पुरोवाता1 (dual nominative)
पुरोवाताः (nominative plural)
पुरोवातासः1 (nominative plural)
पुरोवात (singular vocative)
पुरोवातौ (dual vocative)
पुरोवाता1 (dual vocative)
पुरोवाताः (plural vocative)
पुरोवातासः1 (plural vocative)
पुरोवातम् (accusative singular)
पुरोवातौ (accusative dual)
पुरोवाता1 (accusative dual)
पुरोवातान् (accusative plural)
पुरोवातेन (instrumental singular)
पुरोवाताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुरोवातैः (instrumental plural)
पुरोवातेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पुरोवाताय (dative singular)
पुरोवाताभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुरोवातेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुरोवातात् (ablative singular)
पुरोवाताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुरोवातेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुरोवातस्य (genitive singular)
पुरोवातयोः (dual genitive)
पुरोवातानाम् (genitive plural)
पुरोवाते (locative singular)
पुरोवातयोः (dual locative)
पुरोवातेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑁂𑀯𑀸𑀬 (purevāya)

desc

Hindi: पुरवा (purvā), पुरवाई (purvāī), पुरवैया (purvaiyā)

Punjabi: ਪੁਰਾ (purā)

/pu.ɾoːˈʋɑː.t̪ɐ/

पुरः (puraḥ, “from the east”) + वात (vāta, “wind”).

com

आ श्रावयेति पुरोवातम् अजनयन्न्

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) I.6.11

[with the words] "Do thou proclaim", they (the gods) produced the east wind


मुद्र

From मुद् (mud, “to be happy, rejoice”, root) + -र (-ra). Possibly morphologically identical to Lithuanian mudrùs (“cheerful, lively”).


भर्त्री

bhartrī́ (romanization)
भर्त्री (nominative singular)
भर्त्र्यौ (dual nominative)
भर्त्री1 (dual nominative)
भर्त्र्यः (nominative plural)
भर्त्रीः1 (nominative plural)
भर्त्रि (singular vocative)
भर्त्र्यौ (dual vocative)
भर्त्री1 (dual vocative)
भर्त्र्यः (plural vocative)
भर्त्रीः1 (plural vocative)
भर्त्रीम् (accusative singular)
भर्त्र्यौ (accusative dual)
भर्त्री1 (accusative dual)
भर्त्रीः (accusative plural)
भर्त्र्या (instrumental singular)
भर्त्रीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भर्त्रीभिः (instrumental plural)
भर्त्र्यै (dative singular)
भर्त्रीभ्याम् (dative dual)
भर्त्रीभ्यः (dative plural)
भर्त्र्याः (ablative singular)
भर्त्र्यै2 (ablative singular)
भर्त्रीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भर्त्रीभ्यः (ablative plural)
भर्त्र्याः (genitive singular)
भर्त्र्यै2 (genitive singular)
भर्त्र्योः (dual genitive)
भर्त्रीणाम् (genitive plural)
भर्त्र्याम् (locative singular)
भर्त्र्योः (dual locative)
भर्त्रीषु (locative plural)

/ˈbʱɐɾ.t̪ɾiː/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰartríH (“mother, female bearer”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-tríh₂, feminine of *bʰer-tōr (“bearer”), from *bʰer- (“to bear”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬭𐬍 (bar^əθrī, “mother”).

inh

यस्त्वा पिबति जीवति त्रायसे पुरुषं त्वम् ।
भर्त्री हि शश्वतामसि जनानां च न्यञ्चनी ॥
yastvā pibati jīvati trāyase puruṣaṃ tvam.
bhartrī hi śaśvatāmasi janānāṃ ca nyañcanī.
(O Silācī medicine): Whoever drinketh thee hath life: thou savest and protectest man.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 5.5.2

As nursing mother of mankind, thou takest all upon thy lap.


संयमो

sandhi form of nominative singular of संयम (saṃyama, “restraint”)


मातृष्वसेय

desc

→ Malayalam: മാതൃഷ്വസേയൻ (mātr̥ṣvasēyaṉ)

/mɑː.t̪r̩ʂ.ʋɐˈs̪eː.jɐ/

Compound of मातृ (mātṛ) + स्वसेय (svaseya).

com+

Coordinate term: पितृष्वसेय (pitṛṣvaseya)


पितृष्वसेय

desc

→ Malayalam: പിതൃഷ്വസേയൻ (pitr̥ṣvasēyaṉ)

Compound of पितृ (pitṛ) + स्वसेय (svaseya).

com+

Coordinate term: मातृष्वसेय (mātṛṣvaseya)


रोगो

sandhi form of nominative singular of रोग (roga, “disease”)


मरते

third-person singular aorist subjunctive middle of मृ (mṛ, “to die”)


पातृ

pātṛ́ (romanization)
पाता (nominative singular)
पातारौ (dual nominative)
पातारा1 (dual nominative)
पातारः (nominative plural)
पातः (singular vocative)
पातारौ (dual vocative)
पातारा1 (dual vocative)
पातारः (plural vocative)
पातारम् (accusative singular)
पातारौ (accusative dual)
पातारा1 (accusative dual)
पातॄन् (accusative plural)
पात्रा (instrumental singular)
पातृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पातृभिः (instrumental plural)
पात्रे (dative singular)
पातृभ्याम् (dative dual)
पातृभ्यः (dative plural)
पातुः (ablative singular)
पातृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पातृभ्यः (ablative plural)
पातुः (genitive singular)
पात्रोः (dual genitive)
पातॄणाम् (genitive plural)
पातरि (locative singular)
पात्रोः (dual locative)
पातृषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *paHtŕ̥ (“protector, saviour”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-tōr (“protector, guardian”), from *peh₂- (“to protect, guard”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (pātar, “protector”).

inh

त्वमस्माकमिन्द्र विश्वध स्या अवृकतमो नरां नृ-पाता ।
स नो विश्वासां स्पृधां सहोदा विद्यामेषं वृजनं जीरदानुम् ॥
tvamasmākamindra viśvadha syā avṛkatamo narāṃ nṛ-pātā.

Indra, mayst thou be ours in all occasions, protector of the people, most gentle-hearted,
Giving us victory over all our rivals. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

sa no viśvāsāṃ spṛdhāṃ sahodā vidyāmeṣaṃ vṛjanaṃ jīradānum.


मारो

sandhi form of nominative singular masculine of मार (mā́ra, “killing”)


मारो

sa-noun form

मारो • (mā́ra) m

sandhi form of nominative singular of मार (mā́ra, “death”)


लवङ्ग

lavaṅga (romanization)
लवङ्गम् (nominative singular)
लवङ्गे (dual nominative)
लवङ्गानि (nominative plural)
लवङ्गा1 (nominative plural)
लवङ्ग (singular vocative)
लवङ्गे (dual vocative)
लवङ्गानि (plural vocative)
लवङ्गा1 (plural vocative)
लवङ्गम् (accusative singular)
लवङ्गे (accusative dual)
लवङ्गानि (accusative plural)
लवङ्गा1 (accusative plural)
लवङ्गेन (instrumental singular)
लवङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लवङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
लवङ्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लवङ्गाय (dative singular)
लवङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लवङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
लवङ्गात् (ablative singular)
लवङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लवङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लवङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
लवङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
लवङ्गानाम् (genitive plural)
लवङ्गे (locative singular)
लवङ्गयोः (dual locative)
लवङ्गेषु (locative plural)

Pali: lavaṅga

Prakrit: 𑀮𑀯𑀁𑀕 (lavaṃga) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

→ Bengali: লবঙ্গ (loboṅgo)

→ Kannada: ಲವಂಗ (lavaṅga)

→ Marathi: लवंग (lavaṅga)

→ Old Javanese: lawaṅga

→ Kodava: ಲವಂಗ (lavaṅga)

→ Tamil: இலவங்கம் (ilavaṅkam)

→ Telugu: లవంగము (lavaṅgamu)

→ Tulu: ಲವಂಗ (lavaṅga)

/l̪ɐˈʋɐŋ.ɡɐ/

Borrowed from Malayo-Polynesian.
The etymology has been standardly supported by comparison to Old Javanese lawaṅga. However, the Old Javanese term is attested in the Rāmāyaṇa Kakawin, which is based on and closely follows the Sanskrit Bhaṭṭikāvya, and so is likely to have borrowed the term from Sanskrit per Zumbroich. However, Zumbroich notes the preponderance of many more Malayo-Polynesian cognates which do not appear to be loaned from Sanskrit but do not always refer to "clove", including Indonesian bunga lawang (literally “nail flower”), Balinese [script needed] (wuŋa lawaŋ), Malay kulit lawang (“kind of cinnamon tree”), Gayo [Term?] (lawaŋ, “kind of tree whose bark tastes like clove”), Acehnese [script needed] (kulet lawaŋ, “id.”), Minangkabau [script needed] (lawaŋ, “id.”), etc.; ultimately, the word seems to refer to the tree Cinnamomum culitlawan, whose bark has a strong clove-like smell.

cog

200 BCE – 1200, Kāvya literature

Syzygium aromaticum
Syzygium aromaticum#Translingual


ᳲ

Ardhavisargha is used to mark either jihvāmūlīya (which is a velar fricative [x] occurring only before unvoiced velar stops KA or KHA) or upadhmānīya (which is a bilabial fricative [ɸ] occurring only before unvoiced labial stops PA or PHA).


ᳳ

Rotated Ardhavisargha is used to mark jihvāmūlīya (which is a velar fricative [x] occurring only before unvoiced velar stops KA or KHA).


VEDIC TONE VISARGA SVARITA is used to show that a visarga has a anudātta tone.


VEDIC TONE VISARGA UDATTA is used to show that a visarga has a udātta tone.


VEDIC TONE VISARGA SVARITA is used to show that a visarga has a svarita tone.


VEDIC TONE RIGVEDIC KASHMIRI INDEPENDENT SVARITA is used to mark an independent svarita in the Ṛgvēda Bāṣkala Saṃhitā.


समरण

samáraṇa (romanization)
समरणम् (nominative singular)
समरणे (dual nominative)
समरणानि (nominative plural)
समरणा1 (nominative plural)
समरण (singular vocative)
समरणे (dual vocative)
समरणानि (plural vocative)
समरणा1 (plural vocative)
समरणम् (accusative singular)
समरणे (accusative dual)
समरणानि (accusative plural)
समरणा1 (accusative plural)
समरणेन (instrumental singular)
समरणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
समरणैः (instrumental plural)
समरणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
समरणाय (dative singular)
समरणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
समरणेभ्यः (dative plural)
समरणात् (ablative singular)
समरणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
समरणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
समरणस्य (genitive singular)
समरणयोः (dual genitive)
समरणानाम् (genitive plural)
समरणे (locative singular)
समरणयोः (dual locative)
समरणेषु (locative plural)

/sɐ.mɐ́.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/

/ˈs̪ɐ.mɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *samHáranam (“battle, strife”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem-h₃ér-en-o-m. Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (hamar^əna, “battle”), Old Persian 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴 (h-m-r-n /hamarana/, “battle”).

cog

किं न॑ इन्द्र जिघांससि॒ भ्रात॑रो म॒रुत॒स्तव॑ ।
तेभिः॑ कल्पस्व साधु॒या मा नः॑ स॒मर॑णे वधीः ॥
kíṃ na indra jighāṃsasi bhrā́taro marútastáva.

The Maruts are thy brothers. Why, O Indra, wouldst thou take our lives?
Agree with them in a friendly way, and do not slay us in the battle.

tébhiḥ kalpasva sādhuyā́ mā́ naḥ samáraṇe vadhīḥ.


उपायो

sa-noun form

उपायो • (upāyo)

sandhi form of nominative singular of उपाय (upāya, “method”)


काञ्जिक

kāñjika (romanization)
काञ्जिकम् (nominative singular)
काञ्जिके (dual nominative)
काञ्जिकानि (nominative plural)
काञ्जिका1 (nominative plural)
काञ्जिक (singular vocative)
काञ्जिके (dual vocative)
काञ्जिकानि (plural vocative)
काञ्जिका1 (plural vocative)
काञ्जिकम् (accusative singular)
काञ्जिके (accusative dual)
काञ्जिकानि (accusative plural)
काञ्जिका1 (accusative plural)
काञ्जिकेन (instrumental singular)
काञ्जिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
काञ्जिकैः (instrumental plural)
काञ्जिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
काञ्जिकाय (dative singular)
काञ्जिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
काञ्जिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
काञ्जिकात् (ablative singular)
काञ्जिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
काञ्जिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
काञ्जिकस्य (genitive singular)
काञ्जिकयोः (dual genitive)
काञ्जिकानाम् (genitive plural)
काञ्जिके (locative singular)
काञ्जिकयोः (dual locative)
काञ्जिकेषु (locative plural)

desc

Hindi: कांजी (kāñjī), काँजी (kāñjī)

Hindi: कांजी (kāñjī), काँजी (kāñjī)

/kɑːɲ.d͡ʑí.kɐ/

/kɑːɲˈd͡ʑi.kɐ/

Borrowed from Dravidian, compare Tamil கஞ்சி (kañci).

Sour rice gruel made from fermented rice used in Ayurveda


परीणह्

/pɐ.ɾiː.ɳɐ́ɦ/

/pɐˈɾiː.ɳɐɦ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pariHnádʰ- (“that which is tied around”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pari (“around, about”) + *Hnadʰ- (“to tie, to bind”). By surface analysis, परि (pari, “around”) + नह् (nah, “to bind”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬐𐬀 (naska, “bundle”), 𐬥𐬀𐬜𐬀 (naδa, “headgear”).

surf

चक्राणासः परीणहं पृथिव्या हिरण्येन मणिना शुम्भमानाः ।
न हिन्वानासस्तितिरुस्त इन्द्रं परि स्पशो अदधात्सूर्येण ॥
cakrāṇāsaḥ parīṇahaṃ pṛthivyā hiraṇyena maṇinā śumbhamānāḥ.

Adorned with their array of gold and jewels, they extended o’er the earth a covering enclosure.
Although they hastened, they o’ercame not Indra: their spies he compassed with the Sun of morning.

na hinvānāsastitirusta indraṃ pari spaśo adadhātsūryeṇa.


अन्तो

sandhi form of nominative singular masculine of अन्त (antá, “near”)


अन्तो

sa-noun form

अन्तो • (antó)

sandhi form of nominative singular of अन्त (antá, “end”)


आसत्

head

आसत् • (ā́sat)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *áHsat-, from Proto-Indo-European *ń̥-h₁sn̥t-, from *n̥- (“not, un-”) + *h₁sónts (“being, existing”).

हन्ति रक्षो हन्त्य् आसद् वदन्तम् उभाव् इन्द्रस्य प्रसितौ शयाते ॥

He slays the demon and him who speaks untrue things: both lie entangled in the noose of Indra.

hanti rakṣo hanty āsad vadantam ubhāv indrasya prasitau śayāte.

Alternative form of असत् (asat); not existing, not true, unreal, false


-आपयति

-āpáyati (romanization)
-आपयति (present)
-आपयते (present)
-आपयति (active indicative singular third-person)
-आपयतः (active dual indicative third-person)
-आपयन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
-आपयते (indicative singular third-person)
-आपयेते (dual indicative third-person)
-आपयन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
-आपयसि (active indicative second-person singular)
-आपयथः (active dual indicative second-person)
-आपयथ (active indicative plural second-person)
-आपयसे (indicative second-person singular)
-आपयेथे (dual indicative second-person)
-आपयध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
-आपयामि (active first-person indicative singular)
-आपयावः (active dual first-person indicative)
-आपयामः (active first-person indicative plural)
-आपयामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
-आपये (first-person indicative singular)
-आपयावहे (dual first-person indicative)
-आपयामहे (first-person indicative plural)
-आपयतु (active imperative singular third-person)
-आपयताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
-आपयन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
-आपयताम् (imperative singular third-person)
-आपयेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
-आपयन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
-आपय (active imperative second-person singular)
-आपयतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
-आपयत (active imperative plural second-person)
-आपयस्व (imperative second-person singular)
-आपयेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
-आपयध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
-आपयानि (active first-person imperative singular)
-आपयाव (active dual first-person imperative)
-आपयाम (active first-person imperative plural)
-आपयै (first-person imperative singular)
-आपयावहै (dual first-person imperative)
-आपयामहै (first-person imperative plural)
-आपयेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
-आपयेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
-आपयेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
-आपयेत (imperative singular third-person)
-आपयेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
-आपयेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
-आपयेः (active imperative second-person singular)
-आपयेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
-आपयेत (active imperative plural second-person)
-आपयेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
-आपयेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
-आपयेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
-आपयेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
-आपयेव (active dual first-person imperative)
-आपयेम (active first-person imperative plural)
-आपयेय (first-person imperative singular)
-आपयेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
-आपयेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
-आपयात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
-आपयाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
-आपयातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
-आपयान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
-आपयाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
-आपयातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
-आपयैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
-आपयन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
-आपयान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
-आपयाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
-आपयासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
-आपयाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
-आपयाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
-आपयासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
-आपयासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
-आपयैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
-आपयाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
-आपयानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
-आपयाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
-आपयाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
-आपयै (first-person singular subjunctive)
-आपयावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
-आपयामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
-आपयत् (active participle)
-आपयमान (participle)
-आपयान2 (participle)
-आपयत् (imperfect)
-आपयत (imperfect)
-आपयत् (active indicative singular third-person)
-आपयताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
-आपयन् (active indicative plural third-person)
-आपयत (indicative singular third-person)
-आपयेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
-आपयन्त (indicative plural third-person)
-आपयः (active indicative second-person singular)
-आपयतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
-आपयत (active indicative plural second-person)
-आपयथाः (indicative second-person singular)
-आपयेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
-आपयध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
-आपयम् (active first-person indicative singular)
-आपयाव (active dual first-person indicative)
-आपयाम (active first-person indicative plural)
-आपये (first-person indicative singular)
-आपयावहि (dual first-person indicative)
-आपयामहि (first-person indicative plural)

Prakrit: -𑀆𑀯𑁂𑀤𑀺 (-āvedi)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Old Gujarati: -आविवउं (-āvivaũ)

Gujarati: -આવવું (-āvavũ)

Marathi: -आवणे (-āvṇe)

Nepali: -आउनु (-āunu)

Hindustani:

Hindi: -आना (-ānā)

Urdu: آنا (ānā)

Old Punjabi: -ਆਵਣਾ (-āvaṇā)

Gurmukhi script: -ਆਉਣਾ (-āuṇā)

Romani: -avel

Pali: -āpeti

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti, with an intervening unexplained -p-; this would make it a cognate with Latin -o. Otherwise, it is a secondary development in Sanskrit from -आ (-ā) + -प्- (-p-) + -अयति (-ayati).
Cognates include Latin -āre (the whole first conjugation in the present) together with its Proto-Italic ancestor *-āō, Ancient Greek -άω (-áō, contracted verb), Proto-Germanic *-ōną (referring to the whole conjugation in which the infinitive is *-ōną) and Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ā́ˀtei (whence the infinite Proto-Slavic *-ati, referring again to the whole conjugation).

cog

कर्मकार (karmakāra, “worker, servant”) + -आपयति (-āpayati) → कर्मकारापयति (karmakārāpayati, “causes to work as a servant”)

forms some denominative verbs, sometimes with causative meaning

वृध् (vṛdh, “to grow”) + -आपयति (-āpayati) → वर्धापयति (vardhāpayati, “increases, exalts”)

forms some verbs of secondary derivation from roots


ᠱᠷᠢᠢ

head

ᠱᠷᠢᠢ • (šrii)


ᡧᡵᡳᡳ

ᡧᡵᡳᡳ • (šrii)


𑐱𑑂𑐬𑐷

sa-adj

𑐱𑑂𑐬𑐷 • (śrī́) stem


𑐱𑑂𑐬𑐷

head

𑐱𑑂𑐬𑐷 • (śrī́)


𑧋𑧠𑧈𑧓

sa-adj

𑧋𑧠𑧈𑧓 • (śrī́) stem


𑧋𑧠𑧈𑧓

head

𑧋𑧠𑧈𑧓 • (śrī́)


𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒲

sa-adj

𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒲 • (śrī́) stem


𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒲

head

𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒲 • (śrī́)


ꢯ꣄ꢬꢷ

sa-adj

ꢯ꣄ꢬꢷ • (śrī́) stem


ꢯ꣄ꢬꢷ

head

ꢯ꣄ꢬꢷ • (śrī́)


𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘲

sa-adj

𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘲 • (śrī́) stem


𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘲

head

𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘲 • (śrī́)


ශ්රී

sa-adj

ශ්රී • (śrī́) stem


ශ්රී

head

ශ්රී • (śrī́)


ຨ຺ຣີ

sa-adj

ຨ຺ຣີ • (śrī́) stem


ຨ຺ຣີ

head

ຨ຺ຣີ • (śrī́)


शृङ्गवेर

śṛṅgavera (romanization)
शृङ्गवेरः (nominative singular)
शृङ्गवेरौ (dual nominative)
शृङ्गवेरा1 (dual nominative)
शृङ्गवेराः (nominative plural)
शृङ्गवेरासः1 (nominative plural)
शृङ्गवेर (singular vocative)
शृङ्गवेरौ (dual vocative)
शृङ्गवेरा1 (dual vocative)
शृङ्गवेराः (plural vocative)
शृङ्गवेरासः1 (plural vocative)
शृङ्गवेरम् (accusative singular)
शृङ्गवेरौ (accusative dual)
शृङ्गवेरा1 (accusative dual)
शृङ्गवेरान् (accusative plural)
शृङ्गवेरेण (instrumental singular)
शृङ्गवेराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शृङ्गवेरैः (instrumental plural)
शृङ्गवेरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शृङ्गवेराय (dative singular)
शृङ्गवेराभ्याम् (dative dual)
शृङ्गवेरेभ्यः (dative plural)
शृङ्गवेरात् (ablative singular)
शृङ्गवेराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शृङ्गवेरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शृङ्गवेरस्य (genitive singular)
शृङ्गवेरयोः (dual genitive)
शृङ्गवेराणाम् (genitive plural)
शृङ्गवेरे (locative singular)
शृङ्गवेरयोः (dual locative)
शृङ्गवेरेषु (locative plural)

/ɕr̩ŋ.ɡɐ.ʋɐj.ɾɐ/

/ɕr̩ŋ.ɡɐˈʋeː.ɾɐ/

Sanskritization of Prakrit 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀕𑀺𑀯𑁂𑀭 (siṃgivera), with influence of शृङ्ग (śṛṅga, “horn”), derived from Dravidian. Compare Tamil இஞ்சிவேர் (iñcivēr), from இஞ்சி (iñci, “ginger”) + வேர் (vēr, “root”).


𑆯𑇀𑆫𑆵

sa-adj

𑆯𑇀𑆫𑆵 • (śrī́) stem


𑆯𑇀𑆫𑆵

head

𑆯𑇀𑆫𑆵 • (śrī́)


𑰫𑰿𑰨𑰱

sa-adj

𑰫𑰿𑰨𑰱 • (śrī́) stem


𑰫𑰿𑰨𑰱

head

𑰫𑰿𑰨𑰱 • (śrī́)


पर्शुः

पर्शुः • (parśuḥ) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit


पर्शवः

पर्शवः • (parśavaḥ) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit

nominative/vocative plural of पर्शु (parśu)


पर्शू

पर्शू • (parśū) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit

nominative/vocative/accusative dual of पर्शु (parśu)


पर्श्वा

पर्श्वा • (parśvā) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit

(common in (Vedic)) instrumental singular of पर्शु (parśu)

पर्शुना पर्शुना#Sanskrit


पर्शुना

पर्शुना • (parśunā) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit

पर्श्वा पर्श्वा#Sanskrit


पर्शून्

पर्शून् • (parśūn) m

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit

पर्शूः पर्शूः


पर्शुम्

पर्शुम् • (parśum) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit


पर्शुभ्याम्

पर्शुभ्याम् • (parśubhyām) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit

instrumental/dative/ablative dual of पर्शु (parśu)


पर्शुषु

पर्शुषु • (parśuṣu) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit


पर्श्वोः

पर्श्वोः • (parśvoḥ) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit


पर्शुभिः

पर्शुभिः • (parśubhiḥ) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit


पर्शुभ्यः

पर्शुभ्यः • (parśubhyaḥ) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit


पर्शूनाम्

पर्शूनाम् • (parśūnām) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit


पर्शौ

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit


पर्श्वे

पर्श्वे • (parśve) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit

पर्शवे पर्शवे#Sanskrit


पर्शोः

पर्शोः • (parśoḥ) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit

ablative/genitive singular of पर्शु (parśu)

पर्श्वः पर्श्वः#Sanskrit


पर्श्वः

पर्श्वः • (parśvaḥ) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit

पर्शोः पर्शोः#Sanskrit


पर्शवे

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit

पर्श्वे पर्श्वे#Sanskrit


बालकौ

nominative/vocative/accusative dual of बालक (bālaka)


बालकः

बालकः • (bālakaḥ) m


बालकाः

बालकाः • (bālakāḥ) m


पर्शूः

पर्शूः • (parśūḥ) f

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit

पर्शून् पर्शून्


पर्शो

पर्शो • (parśo) c

पर्शु पर्शु#Sanskrit


पीति

pītí (romanization)
पीतिः (nominative singular)
पीती (dual nominative)
पीतयः (nominative plural)
पीते (singular vocative)
पीती (dual vocative)
पीतयः (plural vocative)
पीतिम् (accusative singular)
पीती (accusative dual)
पीतीः (accusative plural)
पीत्या (instrumental singular)
पीती1 (instrumental singular)
पीतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पीतिभिः (instrumental plural)
पीतये (dative singular)
पीत्यै2 (dative singular)
पीती1 (dative singular)
पीतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
पीतिभ्यः (dative plural)
पीतेः (ablative singular)
पीत्याः2 (ablative singular)
पीत्यै3 (ablative singular)
पीतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पीतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
पीतेः (genitive singular)
पीत्याः2 (genitive singular)
पीत्यै3 (genitive singular)
पीत्योः (dual genitive)
पीतीनाम् (genitive plural)
पीतौ (locative singular)
पीत्याम्2 (locative singular)
पीता1 (locative singular)
पीत्योः (dual locative)
पीतिषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *ph₃-tí-s (“act of drinking”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃- (“to drink”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πόσις (pósis, “act of drinking”).

cog

प्रोग्रां पीतिं वृष्ण इयर्मि सत्यां प्रयै सुतस्य हर्यश्व तुभ्यम् ।
इन्द्र धेनाभिरिह मादयस्व धीभिर्विश्वाभिः शच्या गृणानः ॥
progrāṃ pītiṃ vṛṣṇa iyarmi satyāṃ prayai sutasya haryaśva tubhyam.

I offer thee a strong true draught to make thee start, O Bull, O thou whom Bay Steeds carry.
Here take delight, O Indra, in our voices while thou art hymned with power and all our spirit.

indra dhenābhiriha mādayasva dhībhirviśvābhiḥ śacyā gṛṇānaḥ.

the act of drinking; a draught (the quantity of liquid drunk in one swallow)


भट

bhaṭa (romanization)
भटः (nominative singular)
भटौ (dual nominative)
भटा1 (dual nominative)
भटाः (nominative plural)
भटासः1 (nominative plural)
भट (singular vocative)
भटौ (dual vocative)
भटा1 (dual vocative)
भटाः (plural vocative)
भटासः1 (plural vocative)
भटम् (accusative singular)
भटौ (accusative dual)
भटा1 (accusative dual)
भटान् (accusative plural)
भटेन (instrumental singular)
भटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भटैः (instrumental plural)
भटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भटाय (dative singular)
भटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भटेभ्यः (dative plural)
भटात् (ablative singular)
भटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भटस्य (genitive singular)
भटयोः (dual genitive)
भटानाम् (genitive plural)
भटे (locative singular)
भटयोः (dual locative)
भटेषु (locative plural)

Malayalam: ഭടൻ (bhaṭaṉ)

Telugu: భటుడు (bhaṭuḍu), బంటు (baṇṭu)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: bhaṭa
→ Balinese: ᬪᬝ (bata, “servant; soldier”)

Sanskritization of Pali bhaṭa or Prakrit 𑀪𑀝 (bhaṭa), from Sanskrit भृत (bhṛta, “hired, paid (as a servant)”).

der

a mercenary, hired soldier, warrior, combatant


हिन्ताल

Bengali: হেঁতাল (hẽtal)

/ɦin̪ˈt̪ɑː.l̪ɐ/

Borrowed from Dravidian, compare Pengo ହୀଂଦି (hīndi), Konda-Dora సీతెల్ (sītel).


लोहितो

लोहित लोहित#Sanskrit

sandhi form of nominative singular masculine of लोहित (lohita, “red”)


वेश्य

veśya (romanization)
वेश्यः (nominative singular)
वेश्यौ (dual nominative)
वेश्या1 (dual nominative)
वेश्याः (nominative plural)
वेश्यासः1 (nominative plural)
वेश्य (singular vocative)
वेश्यौ (dual vocative)
वेश्या1 (dual vocative)
वेश्याः (plural vocative)
वेश्यासः1 (plural vocative)
वेश्यम् (accusative singular)
वेश्यौ (accusative dual)
वेश्या1 (accusative dual)
वेश्यान् (accusative plural)
वेश्येन (instrumental singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वेश्यैः (instrumental plural)
वेश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वेश्याय (dative singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वेश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वेश्यात् (ablative singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वेश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वेश्यस्य (genitive singular)
वेश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वेश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वेश्ये (locative singular)
वेश्ययोः (dual locative)
वेश्येषु (locative plural)
वेश्या (nominative singular)
वेश्ये (dual nominative)
वेश्याः (nominative plural)
वेश्ये (singular vocative)
वेश्ये (dual vocative)
वेश्याः (plural vocative)
वेश्याम् (accusative singular)
वेश्ये (accusative dual)
वेश्याः (accusative plural)
वेश्यया (instrumental singular)
वेश्या1 (instrumental singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वेश्याभिः (instrumental plural)
वेश्यायै (dative singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वेश्याभ्यः (dative plural)
वेश्यायाः (ablative singular)
वेश्यायै2 (ablative singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वेश्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
वेश्यायाः (genitive singular)
वेश्यायै2 (genitive singular)
वेश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वेश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वेश्यायाम् (locative singular)
वेश्ययोः (dual locative)
वेश्यासु (locative plural)
वेश्यम् (nominative singular)
वेश्ये (dual nominative)
वेश्यानि (nominative plural)
वेश्या1 (nominative plural)
वेश्य (singular vocative)
वेश्ये (dual vocative)
वेश्यानि (plural vocative)
वेश्या1 (plural vocative)
वेश्यम् (accusative singular)
वेश्ये (accusative dual)
वेश्यानि (accusative plural)
वेश्या1 (accusative plural)
वेश्येन (instrumental singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वेश्यैः (instrumental plural)
वेश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वेश्याय (dative singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वेश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वेश्यात् (ablative singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वेश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वेश्यस्य (genitive singular)
वेश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वेश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वेश्ये (locative singular)
वेश्ययोः (dual locative)
वेश्येषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *wóyḱ-yo-s (“fit to be entered; fit to be settled in”), from *weyḱ- (“to enter, to settle”). The Sanskrit root is विश् (viś).


वेश्य

veśyà (romanization)
metrical Vedic veśíya (romanization)
वेश्यम् (nominative singular)
वेश्ये (dual nominative)
वेश्यानि (nominative plural)
वेश्या1 (nominative plural)
वेश्य (singular vocative)
वेश्ये (dual vocative)
वेश्यानि (plural vocative)
वेश्या1 (plural vocative)
वेश्यम् (accusative singular)
वेश्ये (accusative dual)
वेश्यानि (accusative plural)
वेश्या1 (accusative plural)
वेश्येन (instrumental singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वेश्यैः (instrumental plural)
वेश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वेश्याय (dative singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वेश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वेश्यात् (ablative singular)
वेश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वेश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वेश्यस्य (genitive singular)
वेश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वेश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वेश्ये (locative singular)
वेश्ययोः (dual locative)
वेश्येषु (locative plural)

अहं पुरो मन्दसानो व्यैरं नव साकं नवतीः शम्बरस्य ।
शततमं वेश्यं सर्वताता दिवोदासमतिथिग्वं यदावम् ॥
ahaṃ puro mandasāno vyairaṃ nava sākaṃ navatīḥ śambarasya.
śatatamaṃ veśyaṃ sarvatātā divodāsamatithigvaṃ yadāvam.
In the wild intoxication of Soma, I demolished Śambara's forts, ninety-and-nine, together;

And, utterly, the hundredth habitation, when helping Divodāsa Atithigva.

"that which ought to be settled"; a neighbourhood, vassalage, a dependent territory


वारबुषा

vārabuṣā (romanization)
वारबुषा (nominative singular)
वारबुषे (dual nominative)
वारबुषाः (nominative plural)
वारबुषे (singular vocative)
वारबुषे (dual vocative)
वारबुषाः (plural vocative)
वारबुषाम् (accusative singular)
वारबुषे (accusative dual)
वारबुषाः (accusative plural)
वारबुषया (instrumental singular)
वारबुषा1 (instrumental singular)
वारबुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वारबुषाभिः (instrumental plural)
वारबुषायै (dative singular)
वारबुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वारबुषाभ्यः (dative plural)
वारबुषायाः (ablative singular)
वारबुषायै2 (ablative singular)
वारबुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वारबुषाभ्यः (ablative plural)
वारबुषायाः (genitive singular)
वारबुषायै2 (genitive singular)
वारबुषयोः (dual genitive)
वारबुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
वारबुषायाम् (locative singular)
वारबुषयोः (dual locative)
वारबुषासु (locative plural)

/ʋɑː.ɾɐ.bu.ʂɑː/

/ˈʋɑː.ɾɐ.bu.ʂɑː/

Borrowed from South Dravidian I; compare Malayalam വാഴ (vāḻa), വാഴപ്പഴം (vāḻappaḻaṁ).


धरा

A mass of gold or other valuables given as a present to Brāhmaṇas.


धर

dhará (romanization)
धरः (nominative singular)
धरौ (dual nominative)
धरा1 (dual nominative)
धराः (nominative plural)
धरासः1 (nominative plural)
धर (singular vocative)
धरौ (dual vocative)
धरा1 (dual vocative)
धराः (plural vocative)
धरासः1 (plural vocative)
धरम् (accusative singular)
धरौ (accusative dual)
धरा1 (accusative dual)
धरान् (accusative plural)
धरेण (instrumental singular)
धराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धरैः (instrumental plural)
धरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
धराय (dative singular)
धराभ्याम् (dative dual)
धरेभ्यः (dative plural)
धरात् (ablative singular)
धराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
धरस्य (genitive singular)
धरयोः (dual genitive)
धराणाम् (genitive plural)
धरे (locative singular)
धरयोः (dual locative)
धरेषु (locative plural)
धरा (nominative singular)
धरे (dual nominative)
धराः (nominative plural)
धरे (singular vocative)
धरे (dual vocative)
धराः (plural vocative)
धराम् (accusative singular)
धरे (accusative dual)
धराः (accusative plural)
धरया (instrumental singular)
धरा1 (instrumental singular)
धराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धराभिः (instrumental plural)
धरायै (dative singular)
धराभ्याम् (dative dual)
धराभ्यः (dative plural)
धरायाः (ablative singular)
धरायै2 (ablative singular)
धराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धराभ्यः (ablative plural)
धरायाः (genitive singular)
धरायै2 (genitive singular)
धरयोः (dual genitive)
धराणाम् (genitive plural)
धरायाम् (locative singular)
धरयोः (dual locative)
धरासु (locative plural)
धरम् (nominative singular)
धरे (dual nominative)
धराणि (nominative plural)
धरा1 (nominative plural)
धर (singular vocative)
धरे (dual vocative)
धराणि (plural vocative)
धरा1 (plural vocative)
धरम् (accusative singular)
धरे (accusative dual)
धराणि (accusative plural)
धरा1 (accusative plural)
धरेण (instrumental singular)
धराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धरैः (instrumental plural)
धरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
धराय (dative singular)
धराभ्याम् (dative dual)
धरेभ्यः (dative plural)
धरात् (ablative singular)
धराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
धरस्य (genitive singular)
धरयोः (dual genitive)
धराणाम् (genitive plural)
धरे (locative singular)
धरयोः (dual locative)
धरेषु (locative plural)


धर

dhará (romanization)
धरः (nominative singular)
धरौ (dual nominative)
धरा1 (dual nominative)
धराः (nominative plural)
धरासः1 (nominative plural)
धर (singular vocative)
धरौ (dual vocative)
धरा1 (dual vocative)
धराः (plural vocative)
धरासः1 (plural vocative)
धरम् (accusative singular)
धरौ (accusative dual)
धरा1 (accusative dual)
धरान् (accusative plural)
धरेण (instrumental singular)
धराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धरैः (instrumental plural)
धरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
धराय (dative singular)
धराभ्याम् (dative dual)
धरेभ्यः (dative plural)
धरात् (ablative singular)
धराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
धरस्य (genitive singular)
धरयोः (dual genitive)
धराणाम् (genitive plural)
धरे (locative singular)
धरयोः (dual locative)
धरेषु (locative plural)


पतञ्जलि

patañjali (romanization)
पतञ्जलिः (nominative singular)
पतञ्जले (singular vocative)
पतञ्जलिम् (accusative singular)
पतञ्जलिना (instrumental singular)
पतञ्जलये (dative singular)
पतञ्जलेः (ablative singular)
पतञ्जलेः (genitive singular)
पतञ्जलौ (locative singular)

/pɐˈt̪ɐɲ.d͡ʑɐ.l̪i/

Compound of पत् (pat, “to drop”) + अञ्जलि (añjali, “Añjali Mudrā”).

com+

Patanjali, an ancient grammarian who was a Siddhar, a Hindu author, mystic and the founder of the yoga school of thought


हुड

Cognate to Proto-Germanic *galtuz and Domaaki [script needed] (hʌldin).


पापो

sandhi form of nominative singular masculine of पाप (pāpa, “evil”)


पापो

sa-noun form

पापो • (pāpo)

sandhi form of nominative singular of पाप (pāpa, “villain”)


कल्हण

/ˈkɐl̪.ɦɐ.ɳɐ/


चेदी

head

चेदी • (cedī)

an Vedic Mahajanpad which fell roughly in the present-day Bundelakhand to Yamuna river to Ken river


अश्मक

अश्मक • (aśmaka)

a Mahajanapada in ancient India which existed between 700 BCE and 425 or 345 BCE according to the Buddhist texts


पञ्चाल

पञ्चाल • (pañcāla)

/pɐɲ.t͡ɕɑː.lɐ/

/pɐɲˈt͡ɕɑː.l̪ɐ/

an ancient kingdom of northern India, located in the Ganges-Yamuna Doab of the Upper Gangetic plain.


राजतरङ्गिणी

राजतरङ्गिणी • (rājataraṅgiṇī)

/ɾɑː.d͡ʑɐ.tɐ.ɾɐŋ.ɡi.ɳiː/

/ɾɑː.d͡ʑɐ.t̪ɐˈɾɐŋ.ɡi.ɳiː/

a metrical legendary and historical chronicle of the north-western part of India, particularly the kings of Kashmir


कड

kaḍa (romanization)
कडः (nominative singular)
कडौ (dual nominative)
कडाः (nominative plural)
कड (singular vocative)
कडौ (dual vocative)
कडाः (plural vocative)
कडम् (accusative singular)
कडौ (accusative dual)
कडान् (accusative plural)
कडेन (instrumental singular)
कडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कडैः (instrumental plural)
कडाय (dative singular)
कडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कडेभ्यः (dative plural)
कडात् (ablative singular)
कडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कडेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कडस्य (genitive singular)
कडयोः (dual genitive)
कडानाम् (genitive plural)
कडे (locative singular)
कडयोः (dual locative)
कडेषु (locative plural)
कडा (nominative singular)
कडे (dual nominative)
कडाः (nominative plural)
कडे (singular vocative)
कडे (dual vocative)
कडाः (plural vocative)
कडाम् (accusative singular)
कडे (accusative dual)
कडाः (accusative plural)
कडया (instrumental singular)
कडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कडाभिः (instrumental plural)
कडायै (dative singular)
कडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कडाभ्यः (dative plural)
कडायाः (ablative singular)
कडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कडाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कडायाः (genitive singular)
कडयोः (dual genitive)
कडानाम् (genitive plural)
कडायाम् (locative singular)
कडयोः (dual locative)
कडासु (locative plural)
कडम् (nominative singular)
कडे (dual nominative)
कडानि (nominative plural)
कड (singular vocative)
कडे (dual vocative)
कडानि (plural vocative)
कडम् (accusative singular)
कडे (accusative dual)
कडानि (accusative plural)
कडेन (instrumental singular)
कडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कडैः (instrumental plural)
कडाय (dative singular)
कडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कडेभ्यः (dative plural)
कडात् (ablative singular)
कडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कडेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कडस्य (genitive singular)
कडयोः (dual genitive)
कडानाम् (genitive plural)
कडे (locative singular)
कडयोः (dual locative)
कडेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of कड

Feminine ā-stem declension of कड

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">कड</i>

Of uncertain origin.
This -ḍ- form seems older than -l- forms, making connections to कल (kala, “indistinct; mumbling”) unconvincing. Possibly a substrate word. However, Burrow invoked Fortunatov's law and derived it from an earlier *कल्द (kalda), and connected this to Old Norse haltr (“lame”).


वृजि

head

वृजि • (vṛji)

an ancient Indo-Aryan tribal league which existed during the later Iron Age period around present-day Bihar, India.


गन्धार

gandhāra (romanization)
गन्धारः (nominative singular)
गन्धारौ (dual nominative)
गन्धारा1 (dual nominative)
गन्धाराः (nominative plural)
गन्धारासः1 (nominative plural)
गन्धार (singular vocative)
गन्धारौ (dual vocative)
गन्धारा1 (dual vocative)
गन्धाराः (plural vocative)
गन्धारासः1 (plural vocative)
गन्धारम् (accusative singular)
गन्धारौ (accusative dual)
गन्धारा1 (accusative dual)
गन्धारान् (accusative plural)
गन्धारेण (instrumental singular)
गन्धाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गन्धारैः (instrumental plural)
गन्धारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गन्धाराय (dative singular)
गन्धाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
गन्धारेभ्यः (dative plural)
गन्धारात् (ablative singular)
गन्धाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गन्धारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गन्धारस्य (genitive singular)
गन्धारयोः (dual genitive)
गन्धाराणाम् (genitive plural)
गन्धारे (locative singular)
गन्धारयोः (dual locative)
गन्धारेषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨒𐨎𐨢𐨪 (gaṃdhara)

Hindustani:

→ Hindi: गंधार (gandhār) (learned)

→ Urdu: گندھار (gandhār) (learned)

→ Middle Chinese: 犍陀羅 (kɨɐn dɑ lɑ)

Chinese: 犍陀羅 /犍陀罗 (Jiāntuóluó)

→ Burmese: ဂန္ဓာရ (gandhara.)

→ English: Gandhara

desctree

→ Old Persian: 𐎥𐎭𐎠𐎼 (Gaⁿdāraʰ)
→ Akkadian:
Late Babylonian: 𒂵𒀭𒁕𒊑 (ga-an-da-ri /Gandari/), 𒃶𒁕𒅈 (gan-da-ar /Gandar/), 𒃶𒁕𒊏 (gan-da-ra /Gandara/), 𒃶𒁕𒊑 (gan-da-ri /Gandari/), 𒅗𒀭𒁕𒊏 (ka-an-da-ra /Kandara/)
→ Elamite:
Achaemenid Elamite: 𒋡𒅔𒁕𒅕 (ka₄-in-da-ir /Kaindair/), 𒃷𒁕𒊏 (kán-da-ra /Kandara/), 𒃷𒁕𒌇 (kán-da-ráš /Kandaraš/)

→ Russian: Гандхара (Gandxara)

→ Thai: คันธาระ (khanṭhāra)

/ɡɐn.dʱɑː.ɾɐ/

/ɡɐn̪ˈd̪ʱɑː.ɾɐ/

(historical) An ancient kingdom that occupied parts of present-day Afghanistan and Pakistan.


कम्बोज

Compare Old Persian 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 (k-b-u-ji-i-y /Kaᵐbūjiya/).

cog

a southeastern Iranian people who inhabited the northeastern most part of the territory populated by Iranian tribes


अवन्ति

/ɐˈʋɐn̪.t̪i/

an ancient Indian Mahajanapada, roughly corresponding to the present-day Malwa region


महाजनपद

mahājanapadá (romanization)
महाजनपदम् (nominative singular)
महाजनपदे (dual nominative)
महाजनपदानि (nominative plural)
महाजनपदा1 (nominative plural)
महाजनपद (singular vocative)
महाजनपदे (dual vocative)
महाजनपदानि (plural vocative)
महाजनपदा1 (plural vocative)
महाजनपदम् (accusative singular)
महाजनपदे (accusative dual)
महाजनपदानि (accusative plural)
महाजनपदा1 (accusative plural)
महाजनपदेन (instrumental singular)
महाजनपदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
महाजनपदैः (instrumental plural)
महाजनपदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
महाजनपदाय (dative singular)
महाजनपदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
महाजनपदेभ्यः (dative plural)
महाजनपदात् (ablative singular)
महाजनपदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
महाजनपदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
महाजनपदस्य (genitive singular)
महाजनपदयोः (dual genitive)
महाजनपदानाम् (genitive plural)
महाजनपदे (locative singular)
महाजनपदयोः (dual locative)
महाजनपदेषु (locative plural)

/mɐ.ɦɑːˈd͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ.pɐ.d̪ɐ/

Compound of महा (mahā́, “great”) + जनपद (janapadá).

com+

Mahajanapadas, a number of prominent ancient Indian realms extant c. 600 B.C.E. to 345 B.C.E.


उत्कूट

Latter part Borrowed from South Dravidian, compare Malayalam കുട (kuṭa).


मल्ल

malla (romanization)
मल्लः (nominative singular)
मल्लौ (dual nominative)
मल्ला1 (dual nominative)
मल्लाः (nominative plural)
मल्लासः1 (nominative plural)
मल्ल (singular vocative)
मल्लौ (dual vocative)
मल्ला1 (dual vocative)
मल्लाः (plural vocative)
मल्लासः1 (plural vocative)
मल्लम् (accusative singular)
मल्लौ (accusative dual)
मल्ला1 (accusative dual)
मल्लान् (accusative plural)
मल्लेन (instrumental singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मल्लैः (instrumental plural)
मल्लेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मल्लाय (dative singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मल्लेभ्यः (dative plural)
मल्लात् (ablative singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मल्लेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मल्लस्य (genitive singular)
मल्लयोः (dual genitive)
मल्लानाम् (genitive plural)
मल्ले (locative singular)
मल्लयोः (dual locative)
मल्लेषु (locative plural)

a wrestler or boxer by profession (the offspring of an out-caste Kṣatriya by a Kṣatriya female who was previously the wife of another out-caste), an athlete, a very strong man


मल्ल

(in the plural) an ancient Indo-Aryan tribe of north-eastern South Asia whose existence is attested during the Iron Age


मल्ल

malla (romanization)
मल्लः (nominative singular)
मल्लौ (dual nominative)
मल्लाः (nominative plural)
मल्ल (singular vocative)
मल्लौ (dual vocative)
मल्लाः (plural vocative)
मल्लम् (accusative singular)
मल्लौ (accusative dual)
मल्लान् (accusative plural)
मल्लेन (instrumental singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मल्लैः (instrumental plural)
मल्लाय (dative singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मल्लेभ्यः (dative plural)
मल्लात् (ablative singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मल्लेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मल्लस्य (genitive singular)
मल्लयोः (dual genitive)
मल्लानाम् (genitive plural)
मल्ले (locative singular)
मल्लयोः (dual locative)
मल्लेषु (locative plural)
मल्ला (nominative singular)
मल्ले (dual nominative)
मल्लाः (nominative plural)
मल्ले (singular vocative)
मल्ले (dual vocative)
मल्लाः (plural vocative)
मल्लाम् (accusative singular)
मल्ले (accusative dual)
मल्लाः (accusative plural)
मल्लया (instrumental singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मल्लाभिः (instrumental plural)
मल्लायै (dative singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मल्लाभ्यः (dative plural)
मल्लायाः (ablative singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मल्लाभ्यः (ablative plural)
मल्लायाः (genitive singular)
मल्लयोः (dual genitive)
मल्लानाम् (genitive plural)
मल्लायाम् (locative singular)
मल्लयोः (dual locative)
मल्लासु (locative plural)
मल्लम् (nominative singular)
मल्ले (dual nominative)
मल्लानि (nominative plural)
मल्ल (singular vocative)
मल्ले (dual vocative)
मल्लानि (plural vocative)
मल्लम् (accusative singular)
मल्ले (accusative dual)
मल्लानि (accusative plural)
मल्लेन (instrumental singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मल्लैः (instrumental plural)
मल्लाय (dative singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मल्लेभ्यः (dative plural)
मल्लात् (ablative singular)
मल्लाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मल्लेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मल्लस्य (genitive singular)
मल्लयोः (dual genitive)
मल्लानाम् (genitive plural)
मल्ले (locative singular)
मल्लयोः (dual locative)
मल्लेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मल्ल

Feminine ā-stem declension of मल्ल

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">मल्ल</i>


तक्ति

sa-verb

तक्ति • (takti) third-singular indicative (class 2, type UP, root तक्)

takti (romanization)
तक् (root)
तक्ति (present)
तक्ते (present)
तक्ति (active indicative singular third-person)
तक्तः (active dual indicative third-person)
तकन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
तक्ते (indicative singular third-person)
तकाते (dual indicative third-person)
तकते (indicative plural third-person)
तक्षि (active indicative second-person singular)
तक्थः (active dual indicative second-person)
तक्थ (active indicative plural second-person)
तक्षे (indicative second-person singular)
तकाथे (dual indicative second-person)
तग्ध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
तक्मि (active first-person indicative singular)
तक्वः (active dual first-person indicative)
तक्मः (active first-person indicative plural)
तक्मसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
तके (first-person indicative singular)
तक्वहे (dual first-person indicative)
तक्महे (first-person indicative plural)
तक्तु (active imperative singular third-person)
तक्ताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
तकन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
तक्ताम् (imperative singular third-person)
तकाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
तकताम् (imperative plural third-person)
तग्धि (active imperative second-person singular)
तक्तम् (active dual imperative second-person)
तक्त (active imperative plural second-person)
तक्ष्व (imperative second-person singular)
तकाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
तग्ध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
तकानि (active first-person imperative singular)
तकाव (active dual first-person imperative)
तकाम (active first-person imperative plural)
तकै (first-person imperative singular)
तकावहै (dual first-person imperative)
तकामहै (first-person imperative plural)
तक्यात् (active imperative singular third-person)
तक्याताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
तक्युः (active imperative plural third-person)
तकीत (imperative singular third-person)
तकीयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
तकीरन् (imperative plural third-person)
तक्याः (active imperative second-person singular)
तक्यातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
तक्यात (active imperative plural second-person)
तकीथाः (imperative second-person singular)
तकीयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
तकीध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
तक्याम् (active first-person imperative singular)
तक्याव (active dual first-person imperative)
तक्याम (active first-person imperative plural)
तकीय (first-person imperative singular)
तकीवहि (dual first-person imperative)
तकीमहि (first-person imperative plural)
तकत् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
तकति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
तकतः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
तकन् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
तकते (singular subjunctive third-person)
तकातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
तकैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
तकन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
तकान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
तकः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
तकसि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
तकथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
तकथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
तकसे (second-person singular subjunctive)
तकासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
तकैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
तकध्वे (plural second-person subjunctive)
तकाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
तकानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
तका (active first-person singular subjunctive)
तकाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
तकाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
तकै (first-person singular subjunctive)
तकावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
तकामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
तकत् (active participle)
तकान (participle)
अतक् (imperfect)
अतक्त (imperfect)
अतक् (active indicative singular third-person)
अतक्ताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अतकन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अतक्त (indicative singular third-person)
अतकाताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अतकत (indicative plural third-person)
अतक् (active indicative second-person singular)
अतक्तम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अतक्त (active indicative plural second-person)
अतक्थाः (indicative second-person singular)
अतकाथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अतग्ध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अतकम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अतक्व (active dual first-person indicative)
अतक्म (active first-person indicative plural)
अतकि (first-person indicative singular)
अतक्वहि (dual first-person indicative)
अतक्महि (first-person indicative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tákti, from Proto-Indo-European *tékʷ-ti.

प्र ते॑ सो॒तार॑ ओ॒ण्यो॒३॒॑
रसं॒ मदा॑य॒ घृष्व॑ये
सर्गो॒ न त॒क्त्येत॑शः
prá te sotā́ra oṇyò
rásam mádāya ghŕ̥ṣvaye

1896 translation by Ralph T. H. Griffith
THE pressers from the Soma-press send forth thy juice for rapturous joy
The speckled sap runs like a flood.


दूतो

sa-noun form

दूतो • (dūto)

sandhi form of nominative singular of दूत (dūta, “messenger”)


वसुधैव

vasudhaiva (romanization)
वसुधैवः (nominative singular)
वसुधैवौ (dual nominative)
वसुधैवा1 (dual nominative)
वसुधैवाः (nominative plural)
वसुधैवासः1 (nominative plural)
वसुधैव (singular vocative)
वसुधैवौ (dual vocative)
वसुधैवा1 (dual vocative)
वसुधैवाः (plural vocative)
वसुधैवासः1 (plural vocative)
वसुधैवम् (accusative singular)
वसुधैवौ (accusative dual)
वसुधैवा1 (accusative dual)
वसुधैवान् (accusative plural)
वसुधैवेन (instrumental singular)
वसुधैवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वसुधैवैः (instrumental plural)
वसुधैवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वसुधैवाय (dative singular)
वसुधैवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वसुधैवेभ्यः (dative plural)
वसुधैवात् (ablative singular)
वसुधैवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वसुधैवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वसुधैवस्य (genitive singular)
वसुधैवयोः (dual genitive)
वसुधैवानाम् (genitive plural)
वसुधैवे (locative singular)
वसुधैवयोः (dual locative)
वसुधैवेषु (locative plural)

/ʋɐ.s̪uˈd̪ʱɑj.ʋɐ/


प्रवृद्ध

pravṛddhá (romanization)
प्रवृद्धः (nominative singular)
प्रवृद्धौ (dual nominative)
प्रवृद्धा1 (dual nominative)
प्रवृद्धाः (nominative plural)
प्रवृद्धासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रवृद्ध (singular vocative)
प्रवृद्धौ (dual vocative)
प्रवृद्धा1 (dual vocative)
प्रवृद्धाः (plural vocative)
प्रवृद्धासः1 (plural vocative)
प्रवृद्धम् (accusative singular)
प्रवृद्धौ (accusative dual)
प्रवृद्धा1 (accusative dual)
प्रवृद्धान् (accusative plural)
प्रवृद्धेन (instrumental singular)
प्रवृद्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रवृद्धैः (instrumental plural)
प्रवृद्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रवृद्धाय (dative singular)
प्रवृद्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रवृद्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रवृद्धात् (ablative singular)
प्रवृद्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रवृद्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रवृद्धस्य (genitive singular)
प्रवृद्धयोः (dual genitive)
प्रवृद्धानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रवृद्धे (locative singular)
प्रवृद्धयोः (dual locative)
प्रवृद्धेषु (locative plural)
प्रवृद्धा (nominative singular)
प्रवृद्धे (dual nominative)
प्रवृद्धाः (nominative plural)
प्रवृद्धे (singular vocative)
प्रवृद्धे (dual vocative)
प्रवृद्धाः (plural vocative)
प्रवृद्धाम् (accusative singular)
प्रवृद्धे (accusative dual)
प्रवृद्धाः (accusative plural)
प्रवृद्धया (instrumental singular)
प्रवृद्धा1 (instrumental singular)
प्रवृद्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रवृद्धाभिः (instrumental plural)
प्रवृद्धायै (dative singular)
प्रवृद्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रवृद्धाभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रवृद्धायाः (ablative singular)
प्रवृद्धायै2 (ablative singular)
प्रवृद्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रवृद्धाभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रवृद्धायाः (genitive singular)
प्रवृद्धायै2 (genitive singular)
प्रवृद्धयोः (dual genitive)
प्रवृद्धानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रवृद्धायाम् (locative singular)
प्रवृद्धयोः (dual locative)
प्रवृद्धासु (locative plural)
प्रवृद्धम् (nominative singular)
प्रवृद्धे (dual nominative)
प्रवृद्धानि (nominative plural)
प्रवृद्धा1 (nominative plural)
प्रवृद्ध (singular vocative)
प्रवृद्धे (dual vocative)
प्रवृद्धानि (plural vocative)
प्रवृद्धा1 (plural vocative)
प्रवृद्धम् (accusative singular)
प्रवृद्धे (accusative dual)
प्रवृद्धानि (accusative plural)
प्रवृद्धा1 (accusative plural)
प्रवृद्धेन (instrumental singular)
प्रवृद्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रवृद्धैः (instrumental plural)
प्रवृद्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रवृद्धाय (dative singular)
प्रवृद्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रवृद्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रवृद्धात् (ablative singular)
प्रवृद्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रवृद्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रवृद्धस्य (genitive singular)
प्रवृद्धयोः (dual genitive)
प्रवृद्धानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रवृद्धे (locative singular)
प्रवृद्धयोः (dual locative)
प्रवृद्धेषु (locative plural)

Pali: pavuddha, pavaḍḍha

desc

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠 (pavaḍḍha), 𑀧𑀯𑀺𑀟𑁆𑀠 (paviḍḍha), 𑀧𑀯𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (pavuḍḍha) (influenced by 𑀩𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (buḍḍha, “old”))

Hindi: पौध (paudh), पौधा (paudhā), पोढ़ा (poṛhā), पौढ़ा (pauṛhā)

[pɾɐ.ʋr̩d̚.dʱɐ́]

/pɾɐˈʋr̩d̪.d̪ʱɐ/

[pɾɐˈʋr̩d̪̚.d̪ʱɐ]

From the root प्रवृध् (pravṛdh, “to exalt, magnify”) + -त (-ta). See more at वृध् (vṛdh).

sa-root

कालोऽस्मि लोकक्षयकृत्प्रवृद्धो॥

I am mighty Time, the destroyer of the worlds.

risen to wealth or power, prosperous, mighty, strong

(also with वयसा (vayasā)) advanced in age, grown old