जङ्घा

जङ्घा ॑ (canonical)
jáṅghā (romanization)
जंह् (root)
जङ्घा (nominative singular)
जङ्घे (dual nominative)
जङ्घाः (nominative plural)
जङ्घे (singular vocative)
जङ्घे (dual vocative)
जङ्घाः (plural vocative)
जङ्घाम् (accusative singular)
जङ्घे (accusative dual)
जङ्घाः (accusative plural)
जङ्घया (instrumental singular)
जङ्घा1 (instrumental singular)
जङ्घाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जङ्घाभिः (instrumental plural)
जङ्घायै (dative singular)
जङ्घाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जङ्घाभ्यः (dative plural)
जङ्घायाः (ablative singular)
जङ्घायै2 (ablative singular)
जङ्घाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जङ्घाभ्यः (ablative plural)
जङ्घायाः (genitive singular)
जङ्घायै2 (genitive singular)
जङ्घयोः (dual genitive)
जङ्घानाम् (genitive plural)
जङ्घायाम् (locative singular)
जङ्घयोः (dual locative)
जङ्घासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: زَنٛگ (zang)

Torwali: جان (ǰāṅ)

Pali: jaṅghā

Prakrit: 𑀚𑀁𑀖𑀸 (jaṃghā) (see there for further descendants)

/d͡ʑɐ́ŋ.ɡʱɑː/

/ˈd͡ʑɐŋ.ɡʱɑː/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰángʰas
Sanskrit जङ्घा॑ (jáṅghā)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰángʰas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰángʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ-o-s. Compare Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬧𐬔𐬀 (zaṇga), Middle Persian [script needed] (zang).

जङ्घा॑

inh+

च॒रित्रं॒ हि वेरि॒वाच्छे॑दि प॒र्णमा॒जा खे॒लस्य॒ परि॑तक्म्यायाम् ।
स॒द्यो जङ्घा॒म्आय॑सीं वि॒श्पला॑यै॒ धने॑ हि॒ते सर्त॑वे॒ प्रत्य॑धत्तम् ॥
carítraṃ hí vérivā́cchedi parṇámājā́ khelásya páritakmyāyām.

When in the time of night, in Khela's battle, a leg was severed like a wild bird's pinion,
Straight ye gave Vispala a leg of iron that she might move what time the conflict opened.

sadyó jáṅghāmā́yasīṃ viśpálāyai dháne hité sártave prátyadhattam.

shank (part of the leg between the knee and ankle)


अतिशयोक्ति

átiśayokti (romanization)
अतिशयोक्तिः (nominative singular)
अतिशयोक्ती (dual nominative)
अतिशयोक्तयः (nominative plural)
अतिशयोक्ते (singular vocative)
अतिशयोक्ती (dual vocative)
अतिशयोक्तयः (plural vocative)
अतिशयोक्तिम् (accusative singular)
अतिशयोक्ती (accusative dual)
अतिशयोक्तीन् (accusative plural)
अतिशयोक्तिना (instrumental singular)
अतिशयोक्त्या1 (instrumental singular)
अतिशयोक्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अतिशयोक्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
अतिशयोक्तये (dative singular)
अतिशयोक्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अतिशयोक्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
अतिशयोक्तेः (ablative singular)
अतिशयोक्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अतिशयोक्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अतिशयोक्तेः (genitive singular)
अतिशयोक्त्योः (dual genitive)
अतिशयोक्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
अतिशयोक्तौ (locative singular)
अतिशयोक्ता1 (locative singular)
अतिशयोक्त्योः (dual locative)
अतिशयोक्तिषु (locative plural)

Compound of अति (áti, “over-”) + शयोक्ति (śayokti, “exaggeration”).


संकल्प

saṃkalpá (romanization)
संकल्पः (nominative singular)
संकल्पौ (dual nominative)
संकल्पा1 (dual nominative)
संकल्पाः (nominative plural)
संकल्पासः1 (nominative plural)
संकल्प (singular vocative)
संकल्पौ (dual vocative)
संकल्पा1 (dual vocative)
संकल्पाः (plural vocative)
संकल्पासः1 (plural vocative)
संकल्पम् (accusative singular)
संकल्पौ (accusative dual)
संकल्पा1 (accusative dual)
संकल्पान् (accusative plural)
संकल्पेन (instrumental singular)
संकल्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संकल्पैः (instrumental plural)
संकल्पेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
संकल्पाय (dative singular)
संकल्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
संकल्पेभ्यः (dative plural)
संकल्पात् (ablative singular)
संकल्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संकल्पेभ्यः (ablative plural)
संकल्पस्य (genitive singular)
संकल्पयोः (dual genitive)
संकल्पानाम् (genitive plural)
संकल्पे (locative singular)
संकल्पयोः (dual locative)
संकल्पेषु (locative plural)

/s̪ɐŋˈkɐl̪.pɐ/

conception or idea or notion formed in the mind or heart, will, volition, desire, purpose, definite intention or determination or decision or wish for, sentiment, conviction, persuasion

a solemn vow or determination to perform any ritual observance, declaration of purpose


तत्क्षण

head

तत्क्षण • (tatkṣaṇa)

/ˈt̪ɐt̪.kʂɐ.ɳɐ/

[ˈt̪ɐt̪̚.kʂɐ.ɳɐ]

तद् (tad, “that”) + क्षण (kṣaṇa, “moment”).

compound

immediately, instantaneously, at that moment


तत्क्षण

→ Kannada: ತತ್ಕ್ಷಣ (tatkṣaṇa), ತಕ್ಷಣ (takṣaṇa)

/ˈt̪ɐt̪.kʂɐ.ɳɐ/

[ˈt̪ɐt̪̚.kʂɐ.ɳɐ]


कोट

koṭa (romanization)
कोटः (nominative singular)
कोटौ (dual nominative)
कोटा1 (dual nominative)
कोटाः (nominative plural)
कोटासः1 (nominative plural)
कोट (singular vocative)
कोटौ (dual vocative)
कोटा1 (dual vocative)
कोटाः (plural vocative)
कोटासः1 (plural vocative)
कोटम् (accusative singular)
कोटौ (accusative dual)
कोटा1 (accusative dual)
कोटान् (accusative plural)
कोटेन (instrumental singular)
कोटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोटैः (instrumental plural)
कोटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कोटाय (dative singular)
कोटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोटेभ्यः (dative plural)
कोटात् (ablative singular)
कोटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोटस्य (genitive singular)
कोटयोः (dual genitive)
कोटानाम् (genitive plural)
कोटे (locative singular)
कोटयोः (dual locative)
कोटेषु (locative plural)

Gujarati: કોડિ (koḍi)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝 (koṭṭa)

Hindi: कोट (koṭ)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਕੋਟ (koṭ)

Shahmukhi script: کوٹ (koṭ)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kōṭṭay (“wall”). Compare Tamil கோட்டை (kōṭṭai, “fort, castle, stronghold”).


धारयति

sa-verb

धारयति • (dhāráyati) third-singular indicative (class 10, causative, root धृ)

dhāráyati (romanization)
धृ (root)
धारयितुम् (infinitive)
धारयित्वा (gerund)
धारयितव्य (participle)
धारनीय (participle)
धारयितव्या (participle)
धारनीया (participle)
धारित (participle)
धारिता (participle)
धारितवत् (participle)
धारितवती (participle)
धारयति (present)
धारयते (present)
धारयति (active indicative singular third-person)
धारयतः (active dual indicative third-person)
धारयन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
धारयते (indicative singular third-person)
धारयेते (dual indicative third-person)
धारयन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
धारयसि (active indicative second-person singular)
धारयथः (active dual indicative second-person)
धारयथ (active indicative plural second-person)
धारयसे (indicative second-person singular)
धारयेथे (dual indicative second-person)
धारयध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
धारयामि (active first-person indicative singular)
धारयावः (active dual first-person indicative)
धारयामः (active first-person indicative plural)
धारयामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
धारये (first-person indicative singular)
धारयावहे (dual first-person indicative)
धारयामहे (first-person indicative plural)
धारयतु (active imperative singular third-person)
धारयताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
धारयन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
धारयताम् (imperative singular third-person)
धारयेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
धारयन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
धारय (active imperative second-person singular)
धारयतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
धारयत (active imperative plural second-person)
धारयस्व (imperative second-person singular)
धारयेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
धारयध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
धारयाणि (active first-person imperative singular)
धारयाव (active dual first-person imperative)
धारयाम (active first-person imperative plural)
धारयै (first-person imperative singular)
धारयावहै (dual first-person imperative)
धारयामहै (first-person imperative plural)
धारयेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
धारयेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
धारयेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
धारयेत (imperative singular third-person)
धारयेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
धारयेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
धारयेः (active imperative second-person singular)
धारयेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
धारयेत (active imperative plural second-person)
धारयेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
धारयेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
धारयेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
धारयेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
धारयेव (active dual first-person imperative)
धारयेम (active first-person imperative plural)
धारयेय (first-person imperative singular)
धारयेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
धारयेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
धारयात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
धारयाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
धारयातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
धारयान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
धारयाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
धारयातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
धारयैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
धारयन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
धारयान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
धारयाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
धारयासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
धारयाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
धारयाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
धारयासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
धारयासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
धारयैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
धारयाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
धारयाणि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
धारयाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
धारयाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
धारयै (first-person singular subjunctive)
धारयावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
धारयामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
धारयत् (active participle)
धारयमाण (participle)
धारयाण2 (participle)
अधारयत् (imperfect)
अधारयत (imperfect)
अधारयत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अधारयताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अधारयन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अधारयत (indicative singular third-person)
अधारयेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अधारयन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अधारयः (active indicative second-person singular)
अधारयतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अधारयत (active indicative plural second-person)
अधारयथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अधारयेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अधारयध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अधारयम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अधारयाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अधारयाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अधारये (first-person indicative singular)
अधारयावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अधारयामहि (first-person indicative plural)
धारयिष्यति (future)
धारयिष्यते (future)
धारयिष्यति (active indicative singular third-person)
धारयिष्यतः (active dual indicative third-person)
धारयिष्यन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
धारयिष्यते (indicative singular third-person)
धारयिष्येते (dual indicative third-person)
धारयिष्यन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
धारयिष्यसि (active indicative second-person singular)
धारयिष्यथः (active dual indicative second-person)
धारयिष्यथ (active indicative plural second-person)
धारयिष्यसे (indicative second-person singular)
धारयिष्येथे (dual indicative second-person)
धारयिष्यध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
धारयिष्यामि (active first-person indicative singular)
धारयिष्यावः (active dual first-person indicative)
धारयिष्यामः (active first-person indicative plural)
धारयिष्यामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
धारयिष्ये (first-person indicative singular)
धारयिष्यावहे (dual first-person indicative)
धारयिष्यामहे (first-person indicative plural)
धारयिष्यत् (active participle)
धारयिष्यमाण (participle)
अधारयिष्यत् (conditional)
अधारयिष्यत (conditional)
अधारयिष्यत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अधारयिष्यताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अधारयिष्यन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अधारयिष्यत (indicative singular third-person)
अधारयिष्येताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अधारयिष्यन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अधारयिष्यः (active indicative second-person singular)
अधारयिष्यतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अधारयिष्यत (active indicative plural second-person)
अधारयिष्यथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अधारयिष्येथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अधारयिष्यध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अधारयिष्यम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अधारयिष्याव (active dual first-person indicative)
अधारयिष्याम (active first-person indicative plural)
अधारयिष्ये (first-person indicative singular)
अधारयिष्यावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अधारयिष्यामहि (first-person indicative plural)
धार्यात् (active singular third-person)
धार्याः1 (active singular third-person)
धार्यास्ताम् (active dual third-person)
धार्यासुः (active plural third-person)
धारयिषीष्ट (singular third-person)
धारयिषीयास्ताम्2 (dual third-person)
धारयिषीरन् (plural third-person)
धार्याः (active second-person singular)
धार्यास्तम् (active dual second-person)
धार्यास्त (active plural second-person)
धारयिषीष्ठाः (second-person singular)
धारयिषीयास्थाम्2 (dual second-person)
धारयिषीढ्वम् (plural second-person)
धार्यासम् (active first-person singular)
धार्यास्व (active dual first-person)
धार्यास्म (active first-person plural)
धारयिषीय (first-person singular)
धारयिषीवहि (dual first-person)
धारयिषीमहि (first-person plural)
धारयामास (perfect)
धारयांचकार (perfect)
धारयांचक्रे (perfect)
धारयामास (active indicative singular third-person)
धारयांचकार (active indicative singular third-person)
धारयामासतुः (active dual indicative third-person)
धारयांचक्रतुः (active dual indicative third-person)
धारयामासुः (active indicative plural third-person)
धारयांचक्रुः (active indicative plural third-person)
धारयांचक्रे (indicative singular third-person)
धारयांचक्राते (dual indicative third-person)
धारयांचक्रिरे (indicative plural third-person)
धारयामासिथ (active indicative second-person singular)
धारयांचकर्थ (active indicative second-person singular)
धारयामासथुः (active dual indicative second-person)
धारयांचक्रथुः (active dual indicative second-person)
धारयामास (active indicative plural second-person)
धारयांचक्र (active indicative plural second-person)
धारयांचकृषे (indicative second-person singular)
धारयांचक्राथे (dual indicative second-person)
धारयांचकृध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
धारयामास (active first-person indicative singular)
धारयांचकर (active first-person indicative singular)
धारयामासिव (active dual first-person indicative)
धारयांचकृव (active dual first-person indicative)
धारयामासिम (active first-person indicative plural)
धारयांचकृम (active first-person indicative plural)
धारयांचक्रे (first-person indicative singular)
धारयांचकृवहे (dual first-person indicative)
धारयांचकृमहे (first-person indicative plural)
धारयामासिवांस् (active participle)
धारयांचकृवांस् (active participle)
धारयांचक्राण (participle)

sa-conj

dhārayiṣīṣṭá

Dardic:

Kalasha: dhār

Khowar: [script needed] (darik)

Kashmiri: دارُن (dārun)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: දරනවා (daranawā)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: ধারা (dhara, “to owe”)

Odia: ଧାରିବା (dhāribā)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀥𑀸𑀭𑀇 (dhāraï)

Pali: dhāreti

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀥𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀤𑀺 (dhāredi)

desc

Gujarati: ધારવું (dhārvũ, “to consider, suppose”)

Hindi: धारना (dhārnā, “to bear”)

Punjabi: ਧਾਰਨਾ (dhārnā)

Sindhi: ڌَارَڻُ

Sindhi: ڌَارَڻُ / धारणु (dhāraṇu)

/ˈd̪ʱɑː.ɾɐ.jɐ.t̪i/

From the root धृ (dhṛ, “to hold back, stop, restrain”) + -अयति (-ayati).
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰāráyati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰāráyati, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰor-éyeti.

sa-root

समं कायशिरोग्रीवं धारयन्नचलं स्थिरः।
सम्प्रेक्षय नासिकाग्रं स्वं दिशश्चानवलोकयन्
samaṃ kāyaśirogrīvaṃ dhārayannacalaṃ sthiraḥ.

Holding the trunk, head and neck straight and steady, remaining firm and fixing the gaze on the tip of his nose without looking in other direction.

samprekṣaya nāsikāgraṃ svaṃ diśaścānavalokayan


सन्

From Proto-Indo-European *senh₂- (“to seek, accomplish, work on, succeed”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀνύω (anúō, “cause, accomplish”), the source of English authentic (see αὐθέντης (authéntēs)), as well as Hittite [script needed] (sanh-, “to intend; to strive for; to seek”).

cog

to gain, acquire, obtain as a gift, possess, enjoy

to gain for another, procure, bestow, give, distribute

to be successful, be granted or fulfilled


भर्मन्

bhárman (romanization)
भृ (root)
भर्म (nominative singular)
भर्मणी (dual nominative)
भर्माणि (nominative plural)
भर्म1 (nominative plural)
भर्मा1 (nominative plural)
भर्मन् (singular vocative)
भर्म (singular vocative)
भर्मणी (dual vocative)
भर्माणि (plural vocative)
भर्म1 (plural vocative)
भर्मा1 (plural vocative)
भर्म (accusative singular)
भर्मणी (accusative dual)
भर्माणि (accusative plural)
भर्म1 (accusative plural)
भर्मा1 (accusative plural)
भर्मणा (instrumental singular)
भर्मभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भर्मभिः (instrumental plural)
भर्मणे (dative singular)
भर्मभ्याम् (dative dual)
भर्मभ्यः (dative plural)
भर्मणः (ablative singular)
भर्मभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भर्मभ्यः (ablative plural)
भर्मणः (genitive singular)
भर्मणोः (dual genitive)
भर्मणाम् (genitive plural)
भर्मणि (locative singular)
भर्मन्1 (locative singular)
भर्मणोः (dual locative)
भर्मसु (locative plural)

/ˈbʱɐɾ.mɐn̪/

भृ (bhṛ, “to support, maintain”) + -मन् (-man).
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰárma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰárma, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérmn̥. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *bèrmę.


अनु

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hánu (“along, after”).


अनु

ánu (romanization)
अनुः (nominative singular)
अनू (dual nominative)
अनवः (nominative plural)
अनो (singular vocative)
अनू (dual vocative)
अनवः (plural vocative)
अनुम् (accusative singular)
अनू (accusative dual)
अनून् (accusative plural)
अनुना (instrumental singular)
अन्वा1 (instrumental singular)
अनुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अनुभिः (instrumental plural)
अनवे (dative singular)
अन्वे1 (dative singular)
अनुभ्याम् (dative dual)
अनुभ्यः (dative plural)
अनोः (ablative singular)
अन्वः1 (ablative singular)
अनुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अनुभ्यः (ablative plural)
अनोः (genitive singular)
अन्वः1 (genitive singular)
अन्वोः (dual genitive)
अनूनाम् (genitive plural)
अनौ (locative singular)
अन्वोः (dual locative)
अनुषु (locative plural)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately Proto-Dravidian *āṉu, *āṇu (“man”).


आत्

Ablative of the pronominal base अ (a). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *éy. Compare Avestan 𐬁𐬀𐬝 (āat̰, “so, then”).


शर्कर

śarkara (romanization)
शर्करः (nominative singular)
शर्करौ (dual nominative)
शर्कराः (nominative plural)
शर्कर (singular vocative)
शर्करौ (dual vocative)
शर्कराः (plural vocative)
शर्करम् (accusative singular)
शर्करौ (accusative dual)
शर्करान् (accusative plural)
शर्करेन (instrumental singular)
शर्कराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शर्करैः (instrumental plural)
शर्कराय (dative singular)
शर्कराभ्याम् (dative dual)
शर्करेभ्यः (dative plural)
शर्करात् (ablative singular)
शर्कराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शर्करेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शर्करस्य (genitive singular)
शर्करयोः (dual genitive)
शर्करानाम् (genitive plural)
शर्करे (locative singular)
शर्करयोः (dual locative)
शर्करेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of शर्कर

शर्कराभ्याम्

शर्कराभ्याम्

शर्कराभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

शर्कराभ्याम्

शर्कराभ्याम्

शर्कराभ्याम्

/ˈɕɐɾ.kɐ.ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂.

शर्करा शर्करा#Hindi

ground or candied sugar (same as शर्करा (śarkarā))


शर्कर

/ˈɕɐɾ.kɐ.ɾɐ/


जनपद

janapadá (romanization)
जनपदः (nominative singular)
जनपदौ (dual nominative)
जनपदा1 (dual nominative)
जनपदाः (nominative plural)
जनपदासः1 (nominative plural)
जनपद (singular vocative)
जनपदौ (dual vocative)
जनपदा1 (dual vocative)
जनपदाः (plural vocative)
जनपदासः1 (plural vocative)
जनपदम् (accusative singular)
जनपदौ (accusative dual)
जनपदा1 (accusative dual)
जनपदान् (accusative plural)
जनपदेन (instrumental singular)
जनपदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जनपदैः (instrumental plural)
जनपदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जनपदाय (dative singular)
जनपदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जनपदेभ्यः (dative plural)
जनपदात् (ablative singular)
जनपदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जनपदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जनपदस्य (genitive singular)
जनपदयोः (dual genitive)
जनपदानाम् (genitive plural)
जनपदे (locative singular)
जनपदयोः (dual locative)
जनपदेषु (locative plural)

/ˈd͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ.pɐ.d̪ɐ/

Compound of जन (jána, “people”) + पद (padá, “foot”), literally “foothold of the people”.

com+

Janapadas, a number of Kingdoms and Republics, extant from c. 15th to 6th Century BCE.

a community, nation, people (as opposed to the sovereign)


अनु-

Pali: anu-

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀡𑀼- (aṇu-)

→ Hindi: अनु- (anu-)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hánu
Sanskrit अनु- (anu-)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ánu (“after; following”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬎 (anu, “after; corresponding to”) and Old Persian 𐎠𐎵𐎺 (a-nu-v /anuv/).

cog

अनु- (anu-) + ज (ja, “born”) → अनुज (anuja, “younger brother”), literally “born along/after”

अनु- (anu-) + भव (bhava, “being”) → अनुभव (anubhava, “experience”), literally “being near”


इति

Pali: iti

Related to इदम् (idám), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ís. Cognate to Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬬 (uiti, ūitī), Latin ita, Lithuanian it (“just like, in a manner of speaking”).

समुद्र वालुकापूर्ण उज्जानक इति स्मृतः।
आगम्य च स दुष्टात्मा तं देशं भरतर्षभ।
बाधते स्म परं शक्त्या तम उदङ्काश्रमं प्रभो॥
samudra vālukāpūrṇa ujjānaka iti smṛtaḥ.
āgamya ca sa duṣṭātmā taṃ deśaṃ bharatarṣabha.

bādhate sma paraṃ śaktyā tama udaṅkāśramaṃ prabho.

in this manner, thus (used to delimit quotes)

इत्य् उक्त्वा


अन्त्र

ántra (romanization)
अन्त्रम् (nominative singular)
अन्त्रे (dual nominative)
अन्त्राणि (nominative plural)
अन्त्रा1 (nominative plural)
अन्त्र (singular vocative)
अन्त्रे (dual vocative)
अन्त्राणि (plural vocative)
अन्त्रा1 (plural vocative)
अन्त्रम् (accusative singular)
अन्त्रे (accusative dual)
अन्त्राणि (accusative plural)
अन्त्रा1 (accusative plural)
अन्त्रेण (instrumental singular)
अन्त्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अन्त्रैः (instrumental plural)
अन्त्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अन्त्राय (dative singular)
अन्त्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
अन्त्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
अन्त्रात् (ablative singular)
अन्त्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अन्त्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अन्त्रस्य (genitive singular)
अन्त्रयोः (dual genitive)
अन्त्राणाम् (genitive plural)
अन्त्रे (locative singular)
अन्त्रयोः (dual locative)
अन्त्रेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit:

desctree

Early Assamese: আন্ত (anto)
Assamese: আঁত (ãt)

Konkani: आंत (ānta)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਆਂਦਰਾਂ (āndarā̃)

⇒ Vaghri: આંદરા (ā̃darā)

→ Bengali: অন্ত্র (ontro)

→ Hindi: अंत्र (antra)

Pali: anta

desc

Khmer: អន្តៈ (ʼɑɑʼɑntaʼ)

Khmer: អន្តៈ (ʼɑɑʼɑntaʼ)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hántram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hántram, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éntrom (“guts, entrails”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔντερον (énteron), Russian я́тро (játro, “testicle, liver”), Serbo-Croatian је̏тра.


नारिकेल

nārikela (romanization)
नारिकेलः (nominative singular)
नारिकेलौ (dual nominative)
नारिकेला1 (dual nominative)
नारिकेलाः (nominative plural)
नारिकेलासः1 (nominative plural)
नारिकेल (singular vocative)
नारिकेलौ (dual vocative)
नारिकेला1 (dual vocative)
नारिकेलाः (plural vocative)
नारिकेलासः1 (plural vocative)
नारिकेलम् (accusative singular)
नारिकेलौ (accusative dual)
नारिकेला1 (accusative dual)
नारिकेलान् (accusative plural)
नारिकेलेन (instrumental singular)
नारिकेलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नारिकेलैः (instrumental plural)
नारिकेलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नारिकेलाय (dative singular)
नारिकेलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नारिकेलेभ्यः (dative plural)
नारिकेलात् (ablative singular)
नारिकेलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नारिकेलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नारिकेलस्य (genitive singular)
नारिकेलयोः (dual genitive)
नारिकेलानाम् (genitive plural)
नारिकेले (locative singular)
नारिकेलयोः (dual locative)
नारिकेलेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit:

desc

Old Marathi: नारिएळ (nārieḷa), नारियळ (nāriyaḷa), नारियेळ (nāriyeḷa), नारीएळ (nārīeḷa), नार्यळ (nāryaḷa), नार्येळ (nāryeḷa)

Marathi: नारळ (nāraḷ)

Pali: nāḷikēra

→ Khmer: នាឡិកា (niəlekaa)

→ Thai: นาฬิกา (naa-lí-gaa, “clock”)

→ Lao: ນາລິກາ (nā li kā)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀏𑀮 (ṇāriela)

Gujarati: નારિયળ (nāriyaḷ) નાળિયેર (nāḷiyer)

Hindustani:

Hindi: नारियल (nāriyal)

Urdu: نَارِیَل (nāriyal)

Nepali: नरिवल (nariwal)

Punjabi: ਨਾਰੀਅਲ (nārīala)

Borrowings

→ Bengali: নারকেল (narkel) (semi-learned)

→ Early Assamese: নাৰিকল (narikolo) (learned)

Assamese: নাৰিকল (narikol)

→ Telugu: నారికేళము (nārikēḷamu) (learned)

→ Kannada: ನಾರಿಕೇಳ (nārikēḷa) (learned)

→ Sylheti: ꠘꠣꠁꠇꠟ (naikol) (learned)

→ Middle Persian: nʾlgyl (anārgēl)

desctree

Classical Persian: نَارْگیل (nārgēl)
→ Arabic: نَارْجِيل (nārjīl), نَرْجِيل (narjīl)
→ Ottoman Turkish: نارجیل (narcil), نارچیل (narçil)
→ Northern Kurdish: nargîl
→ Ottoman Turkish: نارگیل (nargil)

→ Classical Syriac: ܢܪܓܝܠ (nargil)

Ultimately from a Dravidian language. Compare Malayalam നാളികേരം (nāḷikēraṁ, “coconut”), Tamil நாரி (nāri, “fibre”) and Tamil கெளி (keḷi, “coconut palm”).


गोष्ठ

goṣṭhá (romanization)
गोष्ठः (nominative singular)
गोष्ठौ (dual nominative)
गोष्ठा1 (dual nominative)
गोष्ठाः (nominative plural)
गोष्ठासः1 (nominative plural)
गोष्ठ (singular vocative)
गोष्ठौ (dual vocative)
गोष्ठा1 (dual vocative)
गोष्ठाः (plural vocative)
गोष्ठासः1 (plural vocative)
गोष्ठम् (accusative singular)
गोष्ठौ (accusative dual)
गोष्ठा1 (accusative dual)
गोष्ठान् (accusative plural)
गोष्ठेन (instrumental singular)
गोष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोष्ठैः (instrumental plural)
गोष्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गोष्ठाय (dative singular)
गोष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोष्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
गोष्ठात् (ablative singular)
गोष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोष्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोष्ठस्य (genitive singular)
गोष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
गोष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
गोष्ठे (locative singular)
गोष्ठयोः (dual locative)
गोष्ठेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: goṣṭ

Pali: goṭṭha

Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (gŏṭṭha)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: গোঠ (gōṭh)

Bhojpuri: गोठ (gōṭh)

Odia: ଗୋଠ (goṭha), ଗୁଠ (guṭha)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Kumaoni: गोठ (goṭh)

Nepali: गोठ (goṭh)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Sindhi: g̠oṭhu

Arabic script: ڳوٺُ

Devanagari script: ॻोठु

Southern:

desctree

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (goṭṭha), 𑀕𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞 (guṭṭha)
Konkani: goṭo
Devanagari script: गोटो
Kannada script: ಗೊಟೊ
Latin script: gotto
Marathi: गोठा (goṭhā)

Western:

Gujarati: ગોઠો (goṭho), ગોઠા (goṭhā)

→ South Dravidian:

Old Kannada: ಕೊಟ್ಟಗೆ (koṭṭage)
Kannada: ಕೊಟ್ಟಿಗೆ (koṭṭige)
→ Konkani: कोड्के (koḍke)

desc

Tamil: கொட்டகை (koṭṭakai), கொட்டகம் (koṭṭakam)

Punjabic:

Punjabi: gohth

Gurmukhi script: ਗੋਹਥ

Shahmukhi script: گوہتھ

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-
Sanskrit गोष्ठ (goṣṭha)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *gʷow-sth₂-ó-, from *gʷṓws (“cow”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”). By surface analysis, गो (go) + स्थ (stha). Cognate with Celtiberian boustom (“cow-house”).

surf

आ गावो अग्मन्नुत भद्रमक्रन्त्सीदन्तु गोष्ठे रणयन्त्वस्मे ।

The cows have come and brought good fortune: let them rest in the cow-pen and be happy near us.

ā gāvo agmannuta bhadramakrantsīdantu goṣṭhe raṇayantvasme.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


दहन

dahana (romanization)
दहनम् (nominative singular)
दहने (dual nominative)
दहनानि (nominative plural)
दहना1 (nominative plural)
दहन (singular vocative)
दहने (dual vocative)
दहनानि (plural vocative)
दहना1 (plural vocative)
दहनम् (accusative singular)
दहने (accusative dual)
दहनानि (accusative plural)
दहना1 (accusative plural)
दहनेन (instrumental singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दहनैः (instrumental plural)
दहनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दहनाय (dative singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दहनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दहनात् (ablative singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दहनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दहनस्य (genitive singular)
दहनयोः (dual genitive)
दहनानाम् (genitive plural)
दहने (locative singular)
दहनयोः (dual locative)
दहनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈd̪ɐ.ɦɐ.n̪ɐ/

From दह् (dah, “to burn”, root) + -अन (-ana).


दहन

dahana (romanization)
दहनः (nominative singular)
दहनौ (dual nominative)
दहना1 (dual nominative)
दहनाः (nominative plural)
दहनासः1 (nominative plural)
दहन (singular vocative)
दहनौ (dual vocative)
दहना1 (dual vocative)
दहनाः (plural vocative)
दहनासः1 (plural vocative)
दहनम् (accusative singular)
दहनौ (accusative dual)
दहना1 (accusative dual)
दहनान् (accusative plural)
दहनेन (instrumental singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दहनैः (instrumental plural)
दहनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दहनाय (dative singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दहनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दहनात् (ablative singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दहनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दहनस्य (genitive singular)
दहनयोः (dual genitive)
दहनानाम् (genitive plural)
दहने (locative singular)
दहनयोः (dual locative)
दहनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈd̪ɐ.ɦɐ.n̪ɐ/

Svāhākāra स्वाहाकार

one of the 5 forms of fire in the Svāhākāra


दहन

/ˈd̪ɐ.ɦɐ.n̪ɐ/


दहन

dahana (romanization)
दहनः (nominative singular)
दहनौ (dual nominative)
दहना1 (dual nominative)
दहनाः (nominative plural)
दहनासः1 (nominative plural)
दहन (singular vocative)
दहनौ (dual vocative)
दहना1 (dual vocative)
दहनाः (plural vocative)
दहनासः1 (plural vocative)
दहनम् (accusative singular)
दहनौ (accusative dual)
दहना1 (accusative dual)
दहनान् (accusative plural)
दहनेन (instrumental singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दहनैः (instrumental plural)
दहनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दहनाय (dative singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दहनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दहनात् (ablative singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दहनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दहनस्य (genitive singular)
दहनयोः (dual genitive)
दहनानाम् (genitive plural)
दहने (locative singular)
दहनयोः (dual locative)
दहनेषु (locative plural)
दहनी (nominative singular)
दहन्यौ (dual nominative)
दहनी1 (dual nominative)
दहन्यः (nominative plural)
दहनीः1 (nominative plural)
दहनि (singular vocative)
दहन्यौ (dual vocative)
दहनी1 (dual vocative)
दहन्यः (plural vocative)
दहनीः1 (plural vocative)
दहनीम् (accusative singular)
दहन्यौ (accusative dual)
दहनी1 (accusative dual)
दहनीः (accusative plural)
दहन्या (instrumental singular)
दहनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दहनीभिः (instrumental plural)
दहन्यै (dative singular)
दहनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
दहनीभ्यः (dative plural)
दहन्याः (ablative singular)
दहन्यै2 (ablative singular)
दहनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दहनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
दहन्याः (genitive singular)
दहन्यै2 (genitive singular)
दहन्योः (dual genitive)
दहनीनाम् (genitive plural)
दहन्याम् (locative singular)
दहन्योः (dual locative)
दहनीषु (locative plural)
दहनम् (nominative singular)
दहने (dual nominative)
दहनानि (nominative plural)
दहना1 (nominative plural)
दहन (singular vocative)
दहने (dual vocative)
दहनानि (plural vocative)
दहना1 (plural vocative)
दहनम् (accusative singular)
दहने (accusative dual)
दहनानि (accusative plural)
दहना1 (accusative plural)
दहनेन (instrumental singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दहनैः (instrumental plural)
दहनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दहनाय (dative singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दहनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दहनात् (ablative singular)
दहनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दहनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दहनस्य (genitive singular)
दहनयोः (dual genitive)
दहनानाम् (genitive plural)
दहने (locative singular)
दहनयोः (dual locative)
दहनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈd̪ɐ.ɦɐ.n̪ɐ/

burning, consuming by fire, scorching, destroying


अनुज

anuja (romanization)
अनुजः (nominative singular)
अनुजौ (dual nominative)
अनुजा1 (dual nominative)
अनुजाः (nominative plural)
अनुजासः1 (nominative plural)
अनुज (singular vocative)
अनुजौ (dual vocative)
अनुजा1 (dual vocative)
अनुजाः (plural vocative)
अनुजासः1 (plural vocative)
अनुजम् (accusative singular)
अनुजौ (accusative dual)
अनुजा1 (accusative dual)
अनुजान् (accusative plural)
अनुजेन (instrumental singular)
अनुजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अनुजैः (instrumental plural)
अनुजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अनुजाय (dative singular)
अनुजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अनुजेभ्यः (dative plural)
अनुजात् (ablative singular)
अनुजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अनुजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अनुजस्य (genitive singular)
अनुजयोः (dual genitive)
अनुजानाम् (genitive plural)
अनुजे (locative singular)
अनुजयोः (dual locative)
अनुजेषु (locative plural)


मेधा

medhā́ (romanization)
मेधा (nominative singular)
मेधे (dual nominative)
मेधाः (nominative plural)
मेधे (singular vocative)
मेधे (dual vocative)
मेधाः (plural vocative)
मेधाम् (accusative singular)
मेधे (accusative dual)
मेधाः (accusative plural)
मेधया (instrumental singular)
मेधा1 (instrumental singular)
मेधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेधाभिः (instrumental plural)
मेधायै (dative singular)
मेधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेधाभ्यः (dative plural)
मेधायाः (ablative singular)
मेधायै2 (ablative singular)
मेधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेधाभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेधायाः (genitive singular)
मेधायै2 (genitive singular)
मेधयोः (dual genitive)
मेधानाम् (genitive plural)
मेधायाम् (locative singular)
मेधयोः (dual locative)
मेधासु (locative plural)

Pali: medhā

→ Tamil: மேதை (mētai)

/ˈmeː.d̪ʱɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *mazdʰáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mazdʰáH, from Proto-Indo-European *mn̥s-dʰh₁-éh₂, from *men(s)dʰh₁- (“to pay attention, wisdom”), from *men- (“mind”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬁 (mazdā), Old Persian [script needed] (mazdā), Ancient Greek μανθάνω (manthánō, “to learn”).


स्तुति

stutí (romanization)
स्तुतिः (nominative singular)
स्तुती (dual nominative)
स्तुतयः (nominative plural)
स्तुते (singular vocative)
स्तुती (dual vocative)
स्तुतयः (plural vocative)
स्तुतिम् (accusative singular)
स्तुती (accusative dual)
स्तुतीः (accusative plural)
स्तुत्या (instrumental singular)
स्तुती1 (instrumental singular)
स्तुतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्तुतिभिः (instrumental plural)
स्तुतये (dative singular)
स्तुत्यै2 (dative singular)
स्तुती1 (dative singular)
स्तुतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्तुतिभ्यः (dative plural)
स्तुतेः (ablative singular)
स्तुत्याः2 (ablative singular)
स्तुत्यै3 (ablative singular)
स्तुतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्तुतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्तुतेः (genitive singular)
स्तुत्याः2 (genitive singular)
स्तुत्यै3 (genitive singular)
स्तुत्योः (dual genitive)
स्तुतीनाम् (genitive plural)
स्तुतौ (locative singular)
स्तुत्याम्2 (locative singular)
स्तुता1 (locative singular)
स्तुत्योः (dual locative)
स्तुतिषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨯𐨿𐨟𐨂𐨡𐨁 (studi)

Pali: thuti

Prakrit:

Maharastri Prakrit: थुइ (thui)

Sauraseni Prakrit: थुदि (thudi)

→ Hindi: स्तुति (stuti)

→ Khmer: ស្តុតិ (stoteʼ)

→ Malayalam: സ്തുതി (stuti)

→ Marathi: स्तुती (stutī)

→ Telugu: స్తుతి (stuti)

From the root स्तु (stu, “to laud, praise”) + -ति (-ti).

sa-root

आ त्व१॒॑द्य स॒धस्तु॑तिं वा॒वातु॒: सख्यु॒रा ग॑हि।
उप॑स्तुतिर्म॒घोनां॒ प्र त्वा॑व॒त्वधा॑ ते वश्मि सुष्टु॒तिम्॥
ā́ tvàdyá sadhástutiṃ vāvā́tu: sákhyurā́ gahi.

Come now onto the common praise of you and your faithful friend.
So may our wealthy nobles' praise give joy to you. Fain would I sing your eulogy.

úpastutirmaghónāṃ prá tvāvatvádhā te vaśmi suṣṭutím.

praise, eulogy, panegyric, commendation, adulation


उपकरण

upakaraṇa (romanization)
उपकरणम् (nominative singular)
उपकरणे (dual nominative)
उपकरणानि (nominative plural)
उपकरणा1 (nominative plural)
उपकरण (singular vocative)
उपकरणे (dual vocative)
उपकरणानि (plural vocative)
उपकरणा1 (plural vocative)
उपकरणम् (accusative singular)
उपकरणे (accusative dual)
उपकरणानि (accusative plural)
उपकरणा1 (accusative plural)
उपकरणेन (instrumental singular)
उपकरणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उपकरणैः (instrumental plural)
उपकरणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उपकरणाय (dative singular)
उपकरणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उपकरणेभ्यः (dative plural)
उपकरणात् (ablative singular)
उपकरणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उपकरणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उपकरणस्य (genitive singular)
उपकरणयोः (dual genitive)
उपकरणानाम् (genitive plural)
उपकरणे (locative singular)
उपकरणयोः (dual locative)
उपकरणेषु (locative plural)

→ Gujarati: ઉપકરણ (upakraṇ)

→ Hindi: उपकरण (upakraṇ)


कुवेर

कुबेर कुबेर#Sanskrit


मेक्षयति

sa-verb

मेक्षयति • (mekṣayati) third-singular indicative (class 10, type P, root मिक्ष्)

From Proto-Indo-European *meyḱ-s-. Compare Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬥𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬌 (minašti), Latin misceō, Ancient Greek μίσγω (mísgō), μείξω (meíxō), Old English miscian (English mix), Old High German miscan, Old Irish mescaid, Lithuanian maišýti, Old East Slavic мѣсити (měsiti).


दधि

dádhi (romanization)
दधि (nominative singular)
दधिनी (dual nominative)
दधीनि (nominative plural)
दधि1 (nominative plural)
दधी1 (nominative plural)
दधि (singular vocative)
दधे (singular vocative)
दधिनी (dual vocative)
दधीनि (plural vocative)
दधि1 (plural vocative)
दधी1 (plural vocative)
दधि (accusative singular)
दधिनी (accusative dual)
दधीनि (accusative plural)
दधि1 (accusative plural)
दधी1 (accusative plural)
दधिना (instrumental singular)
दध्या1 (instrumental singular)
दधिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दधिभिः (instrumental plural)
दधिने (dative singular)
दधये1 (dative singular)
दधिभ्याम् (dative dual)
दधिभ्यः (dative plural)
दधिनः (ablative singular)
दधेः1 (ablative singular)
दधिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दधिभ्यः (ablative plural)
दधिनः (genitive singular)
दधेः1 (genitive singular)
दधिनोः (dual genitive)
दधीनाम् (genitive plural)
दधिनि (locative singular)
दधौ1 (locative singular)
दधा1 (locative singular)
दधिनोः (dual locative)
दधिषु (locative plural)

Pali: dadhi

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀳𑀺 (dahi), 𑀤𑀳𑀺𑀅 (dahia) (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ Malay: dadih
> Indonesian: dadih (inherited)

→ Old Javanese: dadhi
> Javanese: ꦢꦢꦶ (dadi) (inherited)

→ Telugu: దధి (dadhi)

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰé-dʰh₁-i (“curdled milk”), from *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to nurse, suckle”). Cognate with Albanian djathë (“cheese”).

inh

सुता इन्द्राय वायवे सोमासो दध्य्आशिरः ।
sutā indrāya vāyave somāso dadhyāśiraḥ.

Soma juices, mixed with curd are pressed out for Indra and Vāyu

coagulated or curdled milk; curd, yoghurt


तक्र

tákra (romanization)
तक्रम् (nominative singular)
तक्रे (dual nominative)
तक्राणि (nominative plural)
तक्रा1 (nominative plural)
तक्र (singular vocative)
तक्रे (dual vocative)
तक्राणि (plural vocative)
तक्रा1 (plural vocative)
तक्रम् (accusative singular)
तक्रे (accusative dual)
तक्राणि (accusative plural)
तक्रा1 (accusative plural)
तक्रेण (instrumental singular)
तक्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तक्रैः (instrumental plural)
तक्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तक्राय (dative singular)
तक्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
तक्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
तक्रात् (ablative singular)
तक्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तक्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तक्रस्य (genitive singular)
तक्रयोः (dual genitive)
तक्राणाम् (genitive plural)
तक्रे (locative singular)
तक्रयोः (dual locative)
तक्रेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

desc

Khowar: [script needed] (trok, “bitter”)

→ Malayalam: തൈര് (tairŭ)

Pali: takka

Prakrit: 𑀢𑀓𑁆𑀓 (takka)

Bengali: টক (ṭok, “sour, acid”)

Gujarati: તાક (tāk)

Marathi: ताक (tāk, “buttermilk”)

→ Tamil: தயிர் (tayir)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tákram, from Proto-Indo-European *ténkl̥- (“buttermilk; the acridity of buttermilk”), from Proto-Indo-European *tenk- (“to thicken, be solid”). Cognate with Persian تلخ (talx, “bitter”), Icelandic þél (“buttermilk”), as well as the root तञ्च् (tañc, “to contract, coagulate”).

der

buttermilk mixed with (a third part of) water


कुबेर

kubera (romanization)
कुबेरः (nominative singular)
कुबेरौ (dual nominative)
कुबेरा1 (dual nominative)
कुबेराः (nominative plural)
कुबेरासः1 (nominative plural)
कुबेर (singular vocative)
कुबेरौ (dual vocative)
कुबेरा1 (dual vocative)
कुबेराः (plural vocative)
कुबेरासः1 (plural vocative)
कुबेरम् (accusative singular)
कुबेरौ (accusative dual)
कुबेरा1 (accusative dual)
कुबेरान् (accusative plural)
कुबेरेण (instrumental singular)
कुबेराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुबेरैः (instrumental plural)
कुबेरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुबेराय (dative singular)
कुबेराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुबेरेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुबेरात् (ablative singular)
कुबेराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुबेरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुबेरस्य (genitive singular)
कुबेरयोः (dual genitive)
कुबेराणाम् (genitive plural)
कुबेरे (locative singular)
कुबेरयोः (dual locative)
कुबेरेषु (locative plural)

(Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) Kubera, king of the Yakshas, god of wealth, and the guardian of the north direction.


करम्भ

karambhá (romanization)
करम्भः (nominative singular)
करम्भौ (dual nominative)
करम्भाः (nominative plural)
करम्भ (singular vocative)
करम्भौ (dual vocative)
करम्भाः (plural vocative)
करम्भम् (accusative singular)
करम्भौ (accusative dual)
करम्भान् (accusative plural)
करम्भेन (instrumental singular)
करम्भाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
करम्भैः (instrumental plural)
करम्भाय (dative singular)
करम्भाभ्याम् (dative dual)
करम्भेभ्यः (dative plural)
करम्भात् (ablative singular)
करम्भाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
करम्भेभ्यः (ablative plural)
करम्भस्य (genitive singular)
करम्भयोः (dual genitive)
करम्भानाम् (genitive plural)
करम्भे (locative singular)
करम्भयोः (dual locative)
करम्भेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of करम्भ

करम्भाभ्याम्

करम्भाभ्याम्

करम्भाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

करम्भाभ्याम्

करम्भाभ्याम्

करम्भाभ्याम्

/kɐˈɾɐm.bʱɐ/

Unknown. The proposed connection to Latin cremor is formally quite uncertain.

a dish of parched grain, a cake or flour or meal mixed with curds, a kind of gruel given to children


स्वरु

sváru (romanization)
स्वरुः (nominative singular)
स्वरू (dual nominative)
स्वरवः (nominative plural)
स्वरो (singular vocative)
स्वरू (dual vocative)
स्वरवः (plural vocative)
स्वरुम् (accusative singular)
स्वरू (accusative dual)
स्वरून् (accusative plural)
स्वरुणा (instrumental singular)
स्वर्वा1 (instrumental singular)
स्वरुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वरुभिः (instrumental plural)
स्वरवे (dative singular)
स्वर्वे1 (dative singular)
स्वरुभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वरुभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वरोः (ablative singular)
स्वर्वः1 (ablative singular)
स्वरुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वरुभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वरोः (genitive singular)
स्वर्वः1 (genitive singular)
स्वर्वोः (dual genitive)
स्वरूणाम् (genitive plural)
स्वरौ (locative singular)
स्वर्वोः (dual locative)
स्वरुषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *swérus (“stake, pole”), from *swer (“stick, pole”). Cognate with Latin surus (“branch, stake”), Proto-Germanic *sweruz (whence Old English sweor (“pillar, column”)).

inh

यदश्वस्य क्रविषो मक्षिकाश यद्वा स्वरौ स्वधितौ रिप्तमस्ति ।
यद्धस्तयोः शमितुर्यन्नखेषु सर्वा ता ते अपि देवेष्वस्तु ॥
yadaśvasya kraviṣo makṣikāśa yadvā svarau svadhitau riptamasti.

The part of the horse'e flesh that the fly has eaten, or that which is left sticking on the post or hatchet,
Or that which adheres to the slayer's hands and nails,—among the Gods, too, may all this be with thee.

yaddhastayoḥ śamituryannakheṣu sarvā tā te api deveṣvastu.

a large piece of wood; a stake, especially a sacrificial post


वाद्य

vā́dya (romanization)
वाद्यम् (nominative singular)
वाद्ये (dual nominative)
वाद्यानि (nominative plural)
वाद्या1 (nominative plural)
वाद्य (singular vocative)
वाद्ये (dual vocative)
वाद्यानि (plural vocative)
वाद्या1 (plural vocative)
वाद्यम् (accusative singular)
वाद्ये (accusative dual)
वाद्यानि (accusative plural)
वाद्या1 (accusative plural)
वाद्येन (instrumental singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाद्यैः (instrumental plural)
वाद्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वाद्याय (dative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाद्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वाद्यात् (ablative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाद्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाद्यस्य (genitive singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual genitive)
वाद्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वाद्ये (locative singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual locative)
वाद्येषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wā́dyam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wā́dyam. Analyzeable as a vṛddhi derivative of वद् (vad). Cognate with Ashkun vã́ć, Kamkata-viri vóč, vój, Waigali vaj.


वाद्य

vā́dya (romanization)
वाद्यः (nominative singular)
वाद्यौ (dual nominative)
वाद्या1 (dual nominative)
वाद्याः (nominative plural)
वाद्यासः1 (nominative plural)
वाद्य (singular vocative)
वाद्यौ (dual vocative)
वाद्या1 (dual vocative)
वाद्याः (plural vocative)
वाद्यासः1 (plural vocative)
वाद्यम् (accusative singular)
वाद्यौ (accusative dual)
वाद्या1 (accusative dual)
वाद्यान् (accusative plural)
वाद्येन (instrumental singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाद्यैः (instrumental plural)
वाद्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वाद्याय (dative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाद्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वाद्यात् (ablative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाद्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाद्यस्य (genitive singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual genitive)
वाद्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वाद्ये (locative singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual locative)
वाद्येषु (locative plural)
वाद्यम् (nominative singular)
वाद्ये (dual nominative)
वाद्यानि (nominative plural)
वाद्या1 (nominative plural)
वाद्य (singular vocative)
वाद्ये (dual vocative)
वाद्यानि (plural vocative)
वाद्या1 (plural vocative)
वाद्यम् (accusative singular)
वाद्ये (accusative dual)
वाद्यानि (accusative plural)
वाद्या1 (accusative plural)
वाद्येन (instrumental singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाद्यैः (instrumental plural)
वाद्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वाद्याय (dative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाद्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वाद्यात् (ablative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाद्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाद्यस्य (genitive singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual genitive)
वाद्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वाद्ये (locative singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual locative)
वाद्येषु (locative plural)

बाजा


वाद्य

head

वाद्य • (vā́dya)

vā́dya (romanization)
वाद्यः (nominative singular)
वाद्यौ (dual nominative)
वाद्या1 (dual nominative)
वाद्याः (nominative plural)
वाद्यासः1 (nominative plural)
वाद्य (singular vocative)
वाद्यौ (dual vocative)
वाद्या1 (dual vocative)
वाद्याः (plural vocative)
वाद्यासः1 (plural vocative)
वाद्यम् (accusative singular)
वाद्यौ (accusative dual)
वाद्या1 (accusative dual)
वाद्यान् (accusative plural)
वाद्येन (instrumental singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाद्यैः (instrumental plural)
वाद्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वाद्याय (dative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाद्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वाद्यात् (ablative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाद्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाद्यस्य (genitive singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual genitive)
वाद्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वाद्ये (locative singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual locative)
वाद्येषु (locative plural)
वाद्या (nominative singular)
वाद्ये (dual nominative)
वाद्याः (nominative plural)
वाद्ये (singular vocative)
वाद्ये (dual vocative)
वाद्याः (plural vocative)
वाद्याम् (accusative singular)
वाद्ये (accusative dual)
वाद्याः (accusative plural)
वाद्यया (instrumental singular)
वाद्या1 (instrumental singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाद्याभिः (instrumental plural)
वाद्यायै (dative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाद्याभ्यः (dative plural)
वाद्यायाः (ablative singular)
वाद्यायै2 (ablative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाद्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाद्यायाः (genitive singular)
वाद्यायै2 (genitive singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual genitive)
वाद्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वाद्यायाम् (locative singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual locative)
वाद्यासु (locative plural)
वाद्यम् (nominative singular)
वाद्ये (dual nominative)
वाद्यानि (nominative plural)
वाद्या1 (nominative plural)
वाद्य (singular vocative)
वाद्ये (dual vocative)
वाद्यानि (plural vocative)
वाद्या1 (plural vocative)
वाद्यम् (accusative singular)
वाद्ये (accusative dual)
वाद्यानि (accusative plural)
वाद्या1 (accusative plural)
वाद्येन (instrumental singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाद्यैः (instrumental plural)
वाद्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वाद्याय (dative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाद्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वाद्यात् (ablative singular)
वाद्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाद्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाद्यस्य (genitive singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual genitive)
वाद्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वाद्ये (locative singular)
वाद्ययोः (dual locative)
वाद्येषु (locative plural)


दिनेश

dineśa (romanization)
दिनेशः (nominative singular)
दिनेशौ (dual nominative)
दिनेशा1 (dual nominative)
दिनेशाः (nominative plural)
दिनेशासः1 (nominative plural)
दिनेश (singular vocative)
दिनेशौ (dual vocative)
दिनेशा1 (dual vocative)
दिनेशाः (plural vocative)
दिनेशासः1 (plural vocative)
दिनेशम् (accusative singular)
दिनेशौ (accusative dual)
दिनेशा1 (accusative dual)
दिनेशान् (accusative plural)
दिनेशेन (instrumental singular)
दिनेशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दिनेशैः (instrumental plural)
दिनेशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दिनेशाय (dative singular)
दिनेशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दिनेशेभ्यः (dative plural)
दिनेशात् (ablative singular)
दिनेशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दिनेशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिनेशस्य (genitive singular)
दिनेशयोः (dual genitive)
दिनेशानाम् (genitive plural)
दिनेशे (locative singular)
दिनेशयोः (dual locative)
दिनेशेषु (locative plural)

From दिन (dina, “day”) + ईश (īśa, “lord”).


बन्धु

bándhu (romanization)
बन्धुः (nominative singular)
बन्धू (dual nominative)
बन्धवः (nominative plural)
बन्धो (singular vocative)
बन्धू (dual vocative)
बन्धवः (plural vocative)
बन्धुम् (accusative singular)
बन्धू (accusative dual)
बन्धून् (accusative plural)
बन्धुना (instrumental singular)
बन्ध्वा1 (instrumental singular)
बन्धुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बन्धुभिः (instrumental plural)
बन्धवे (dative singular)
बन्धुभ्याम् (dative dual)
बन्धुभ्यः (dative plural)
बन्धोः (ablative singular)
बन्धुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बन्धुभ्यः (ablative plural)
बन्धोः (genitive singular)
बन्ध्वोः (dual genitive)
बन्धूनाम् (genitive plural)
बन्धौ (locative singular)
बन्ध्वोः (dual locative)
बन्धुषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀼 (baṃdhu)

Pali: bandhu

→ Bengali: বন্ধু (bondhu)

→ Hindi: बंधु (bandhu)

→ Lao: ພັນທຸ (phan thu)

→ Marathi: बंधू (bandhū)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: bandhu, wandhu
→ Javanese: ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝꦸ (bandhu)

→ Tamil: பந்து (pantu)

→ Telugu: బంధువు (bandhuvu)

→ Thai: พันธุ์ (pan)

From the root बन्ध् (bandh), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to bind, tie”). Cognate to Ancient Greek πενθερός (pentherós).

der

तद॑स्य प्रि॒यम॒भि पाथो॑ अश्यां॒ नरो॒ यत्र॑ देव॒यवो॒ मद॑न्ति।
उ॒रु॒क्र॒मस्य॒ स हि बन्धु॑र्इ॒त्था विष्णो॑: प॒दे प॑र॒मे मध्व॒ उत्स॑:॥
tádasya priyámabhí pā́tho aśyāṃ náro yátra devayávo mádanti.
urukramásya sá hí bándhuritthā́ víṣṇo: padé paramé mádhva útsa:.

Might I reach that dear cattle-pen of his, where men seeking the gods find elation, for exactly that is the bond to the wide-striding one: the wellspring of mead in the highest step of Viṣṇu.

(law) a cognate kinsman in a remote degree, one subsequent in right of inheritance to the सगोत्र


मुकुट

mukuṭa (romanization)
मुकुटः (nominative singular)
मुकुटौ (dual nominative)
मुकुटा1 (dual nominative)
मुकुटाः (nominative plural)
मुकुटासः1 (nominative plural)
मुकुट (singular vocative)
मुकुटौ (dual vocative)
मुकुटा1 (dual vocative)
मुकुटाः (plural vocative)
मुकुटासः1 (plural vocative)
मुकुटम् (accusative singular)
मुकुटौ (accusative dual)
मुकुटा1 (accusative dual)
मुकुटान् (accusative plural)
मुकुटेन (instrumental singular)
मुकुटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मुकुटैः (instrumental plural)
मुकुटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मुकुटाय (dative singular)
मुकुटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मुकुटेभ्यः (dative plural)
मुकुटात् (ablative singular)
मुकुटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मुकुटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मुकुटस्य (genitive singular)
मुकुटयोः (dual genitive)
मुकुटानाम् (genitive plural)
मुकुटे (locative singular)
मुकुटयोः (dual locative)
मुकुटेषु (locative plural)
मुकुटम् (nominative singular)
मुकुटे (dual nominative)
मुकुटानि (nominative plural)
मुकुटा1 (nominative plural)
मुकुट (singular vocative)
मुकुटे (dual vocative)
मुकुटानि (plural vocative)
मुकुटा1 (plural vocative)
मुकुटम् (accusative singular)
मुकुटे (accusative dual)
मुकुटानि (accusative plural)
मुकुटा1 (accusative plural)
मुकुटेन (instrumental singular)
मुकुटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मुकुटैः (instrumental plural)
मुकुटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मुकुटाय (dative singular)
मुकुटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मुकुटेभ्यः (dative plural)
मुकुटात् (ablative singular)
मुकुटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मुकुटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मुकुटस्य (genitive singular)
मुकुटयोः (dual genitive)
मुकुटानाम् (genitive plural)
मुकुटे (locative singular)
मुकुटयोः (dual locative)
मुकुटेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: मुकुट (mukuṭ)

→ Bengali: মুকুট (mukuṭ)

Borrowed from Dravidian, compare Tamil முகடு (mukaṭu, “top, head”).

crown, diadem, tiara (shaped as a crescent)


यौवन

yauvaná (romanization)
यौवनम् (nominative singular)
यौवने (dual nominative)
यौवनानि (nominative plural)
यौवना1 (nominative plural)
यौवन (singular vocative)
यौवने (dual vocative)
यौवनानि (plural vocative)
यौवना1 (plural vocative)
यौवनम् (accusative singular)
यौवने (accusative dual)
यौवनानि (accusative plural)
यौवना1 (accusative plural)
यौवनेन (instrumental singular)
यौवनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यौवनैः (instrumental plural)
यौवनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
यौवनाय (dative singular)
यौवनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यौवनेभ्यः (dative plural)
यौवनात् (ablative singular)
यौवनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यौवनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यौवनस्य (genitive singular)
यौवनयोः (dual genitive)
यौवनानाम् (genitive plural)
यौवने (locative singular)
यौवनयोः (dual locative)
यौवनेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑁄𑀅𑀡 (joaṇa)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਜੋਬਨ (joban), ਜੋਬਣ (jobaṇ)

Pali: yobbana

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡 (jovvaṇa)

Hindi: जोबन (joban)

→ Hindi: यौवन (yauvan)

→ Kannada: ಯೌವನ (yauvana)

→ Marathi: यौवन (yauvan)

Vṛddhi derivative of युवन् (yuvan, “young”).

vrd

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda


भ्रंश

bhraṃśá (romanization)
भ्रंशः (nominative singular)
भ्रंशौ (dual nominative)
भ्रंशा1 (dual nominative)
भ्रंशाः (nominative plural)
भ्रंशासः1 (nominative plural)
भ्रंश (singular vocative)
भ्रंशौ (dual vocative)
भ्रंशा1 (dual vocative)
भ्रंशाः (plural vocative)
भ्रंशासः1 (plural vocative)
भ्रंशम् (accusative singular)
भ्रंशौ (accusative dual)
भ्रंशा1 (accusative dual)
भ्रंशान् (accusative plural)
भ्रंशेन (instrumental singular)
भ्रंशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भ्रंशैः (instrumental plural)
भ्रंशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भ्रंशाय (dative singular)
भ्रंशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भ्रंशेभ्यः (dative plural)
भ्रंशात् (ablative singular)
भ्रंशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भ्रंशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भ्रंशस्य (genitive singular)
भ्रंशयोः (dual genitive)
भ्रंशानाम् (genitive plural)
भ्रंशे (locative singular)
भ्रंशयोः (dual locative)
भ्रंशेषु (locative plural)

From the root भ्रंश् (bhraṃś), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenḱ- (“to deviate, corrupt”). Cognate with Old Irish bréc (“lie”).

अपभ्रंश

apabhraṃśá, the group of Middle Indo-Aryan dialects that deviated from Sanskrit

deviation, aberration, abandonment of, deprivation of, straying or deviating from

(drama) a slip of the tongue (due to excitement)


रुजति

sa-verb

रुजति • (rujáti) third-singular indicative (class 6, type P, root रुज्)

rujáti (romanization)
रुज् (root)
रुजति (present)
रुजते (present)
रुजति (active indicative singular third-person)
रुजतः (active dual indicative third-person)
रुजन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
रुजते (indicative singular third-person)
रुजेते (dual indicative third-person)
रुजन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
रुजसि (active indicative second-person singular)
रुजथः (active dual indicative second-person)
रुजथ (active indicative plural second-person)
रुजसे (indicative second-person singular)
रुजेथे (dual indicative second-person)
रुजध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
रुजामि (active first-person indicative singular)
रुजावः (active dual first-person indicative)
रुजामः (active first-person indicative plural)
रुजामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
रुजे (first-person indicative singular)
रुजावहे (dual first-person indicative)
रुजामहे (first-person indicative plural)
रुजतु (active imperative singular third-person)
रुजताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
रुजन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
रुजताम् (imperative singular third-person)
रुजेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
रुजन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
रुज (active imperative second-person singular)
रुजतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
रुजत (active imperative plural second-person)
रुजस्व (imperative second-person singular)
रुजेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
रुजध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
रुजानि (active first-person imperative singular)
रुजाव (active dual first-person imperative)
रुजाम (active first-person imperative plural)
रुजै (first-person imperative singular)
रुजावहै (dual first-person imperative)
रुजामहै (first-person imperative plural)
रुजेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
रुजेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
रुजेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
रुजेत (imperative singular third-person)
रुजेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
रुजेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
रुजेः (active imperative second-person singular)
रुजेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
रुजेत (active imperative plural second-person)
रुजेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
रुजेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
रुजेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
रुजेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
रुजेव (active dual first-person imperative)
रुजेम (active first-person imperative plural)
रुजेय (first-person imperative singular)
रुजेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
रुजेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
रुजात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
रुजाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
रुजातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
रुजान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
रुजाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
रुजातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
रुजैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
रुजन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
रुजान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
रुजाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
रुजासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
रुजाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
रुजाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
रुजासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
रुजासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
रुजैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
रुजाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
रुजानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
रुजाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
रुजाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
रुजै (first-person singular subjunctive)
रुजावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
रुजामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
रुजत् (active participle)
रुजमान (participle)
अरुजत् (imperfect)
अरुजत (imperfect)
अरुजत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अरुजताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अरुजन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अरुजत (indicative singular third-person)
अरुजेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अरुजन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अरुजः (active indicative second-person singular)
अरुजतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अरुजत (active indicative plural second-person)
अरुजथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अरुजेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अरुजध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अरुजम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अरुजाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अरुजाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अरुजे (first-person indicative singular)
अरुजावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अरुजामहि (first-person indicative plural)

Pali: rujati

Northern:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: र्वीणो (rwīṇo)

Southern:

desc

Sinhalese: රිදෙනවා (ridenawā), රිදවනවා (ridawanawā), රුද්දනවා (ruddanawā)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ruȷ́áti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ruȷ́áti, from Proto-Indo-European *luǵ-é-ti, from *lewǵ- (“to break, shatter”).
Cognate with Lithuanian lū́žti (“to fracture”), Latin lūgeō, Old High German liohhan, Ancient Greek λευγαλέος (leugaléos) Old Armenian լուծանեմ (lucanem), Old English lūcan (“to pluck out, pull up”), and Old English tōlūcan (“to dislocate, destroy; unlock”).


अजमोद

Pali: ajamoja

Prakrit: (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-))

Ahirani: ओवा (ovā)

Gujarati: અજમો (ajamo)

Kachchi: અજમુ (ajamu)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: ओंवो

Latin script: vonv

Malvi: अजमो (ajmo)

Marathi: ओवा (ovā)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: अजमौ (ajmau)

Mahajani script: 𑅐𑅛𑅬𑅒 (ajmu)

Gujarati: અજમોદ (ajamod)

Hindustani: ajmod

Hindi: अजमोद

Urdu: اَجْمود (ajmod)

Kannada: ಅಜಮೋದ (ajamōda)

desc

Malayalam: അയമോതകം (ayamōtakaṁ), അയമോദകം (ayamōdakaṁ)

Tamil: அசமோதகம் (acamōtakam)

Telugu: అజమోద (ajamōda)

Tocharian B: ajamot

/ɐ.d͡ʑɐˈmoː.d̪ɐ/

From अज (aja) + मोद (moda). Literally, “goat's delight”.

Apium graveolens
Apium graveolens#Translingual


गर्द

gárda (romanization)
गर्दः (nominative singular)
गर्दौ (dual nominative)
गर्दा1 (dual nominative)
गर्दाः (nominative plural)
गर्दासः1 (nominative plural)
गर्द (singular vocative)
गर्दौ (dual vocative)
गर्दा1 (dual vocative)
गर्दाः (plural vocative)
गर्दासः1 (plural vocative)
गर्दम् (accusative singular)
गर्दौ (accusative dual)
गर्दा1 (accusative dual)
गर्दान् (accusative plural)
गर्देन (instrumental singular)
गर्दाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गर्दैः (instrumental plural)
गर्देभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गर्दाय (dative singular)
गर्दाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गर्देभ्यः (dative plural)
गर्दात् (ablative singular)
गर्दाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गर्देभ्यः (ablative plural)
गर्दस्य (genitive singular)
गर्दयोः (dual genitive)
गर्दानाम् (genitive plural)
गर्दे (locative singular)
गर्दयोः (dual locative)
गर्देषु (locative plural)
गर्दा (nominative singular)
गर्दे (dual nominative)
गर्दाः (nominative plural)
गर्दे (singular vocative)
गर्दे (dual vocative)
गर्दाः (plural vocative)
गर्दाम् (accusative singular)
गर्दे (accusative dual)
गर्दाः (accusative plural)
गर्दया (instrumental singular)
गर्दा1 (instrumental singular)
गर्दाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गर्दाभिः (instrumental plural)
गर्दायै (dative singular)
गर्दाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गर्दाभ्यः (dative plural)
गर्दायाः (ablative singular)
गर्दायै2 (ablative singular)
गर्दाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गर्दाभ्यः (ablative plural)
गर्दायाः (genitive singular)
गर्दायै2 (genitive singular)
गर्दयोः (dual genitive)
गर्दानाम् (genitive plural)
गर्दायाम् (locative singular)
गर्दयोः (dual locative)
गर्दासु (locative plural)
गर्दम् (nominative singular)
गर्दे (dual nominative)
गर्दानि (nominative plural)
गर्दा1 (nominative plural)
गर्द (singular vocative)
गर्दे (dual vocative)
गर्दानि (plural vocative)
गर्दा1 (plural vocative)
गर्दम् (accusative singular)
गर्दे (accusative dual)
गर्दानि (accusative plural)
गर्दा1 (accusative plural)
गर्देन (instrumental singular)
गर्दाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गर्दैः (instrumental plural)
गर्देभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गर्दाय (dative singular)
गर्दाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गर्देभ्यः (dative plural)
गर्दात् (ablative singular)
गर्दाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गर्देभ्यः (ablative plural)
गर्दस्य (genitive singular)
गर्दयोः (dual genitive)
गर्दानाम् (genitive plural)
गर्दे (locative singular)
गर्दयोः (dual locative)
गर्देषु (locative plural)


स्तरी

starī́ (romanization)
स्तरीः (nominative singular)
स्तर्यः (nominative plural)
स्तर्यम् (accusative singular)

/ˈs̪t̪ɐ.ɾiː/

From Proto-Indo-European *ster-íh₂s, from *ster- (“sterile, barren”). Cognate with Latin sterīlis, Ancient Greek στεῖρα (steîra, “barren woman; cow that has not calved”), Old Armenian ստերջ (sterǰ, “sterile”).

cog

शरस्य चिदार्चत्कस्यावतादा नीचादुच्चा चक्रथुः पातवे वाः ।
शयवे चिन्नासत्या शचीभिर्जसुरये स्तर्यम् पिप्यथुर्गाम् ॥
śarasya cidārcatkasyāvatādā nīcāduccā cakrathuḥ pātave vāḥ.
śayave cinnāsatyā śacībhirjasuraye staryam pipyathurgām.
From the deep well ye raised on high the water, so that Ṛcatka's son, Sara, should drink it;

And with your might, to help the weary Śayu, ye made the barren cow yield milk, Nāsatyas.

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā)

रात्रि रात्रि#Sanskrit

(with रात्रि (rātri)) a night passed in vain


सूर

sū́ra (romanization)
सूरः (nominative singular)
सूरौ (dual nominative)
सूरा1 (dual nominative)
सूराः (nominative plural)
सूरासः1 (nominative plural)
सूर (singular vocative)
सूरौ (dual vocative)
सूरा1 (dual vocative)
सूराः (plural vocative)
सूरासः1 (plural vocative)
सूरम् (accusative singular)
सूरौ (accusative dual)
सूरा1 (accusative dual)
सूरान् (accusative plural)
सूरेण (instrumental singular)
सूराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सूरैः (instrumental plural)
सूरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सूराय (dative singular)
सूराभ्याम् (dative dual)
सूरेभ्यः (dative plural)
सूरात् (ablative singular)
सूराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सूरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सूरस्य (genitive singular)
सूरयोः (dual genitive)
सूराणाम् (genitive plural)
सूरे (locative singular)
सूरयोः (dual locative)
सूरेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”), whence also सूर्य (sūrya) and स्वर् (svar). Cognate with Latin sol, Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Old English sol, Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (huuar^ə), Persian خور (xor).

अप त्ये तायवो यथा नक्षत्रा यन्त्यक्तुभिः।
सूराय विश्वचक्षसे॥
apa tye tāyavo yathā nakṣatrā yantyaktubhiḥ.

The constellations pass away, like thieves, together with their beams,
Before the all-beholding Sun.

Calotropis gigantea
Calotropis gigantea#Translingual

name of the father of kunthu- (the 17th arhat- of the present avasarpiṇī-)

the Soma juice flowing from the Soma press


तना

head

तना • (tanā)


ईड्य

प्रणम्य प्रणिधाय कायं प्रसादये त्वामहमीशमीड्यम्
praṇamya praṇidhāya kāyaṃ prasādaye tvāmahamīśamīḍyam

saluting, having bent my body, seeking favour of yours I am [O!] lord praiseworthy

praṇamya praṇidhāya kāyaṁ prasādaye tvām-aham-īśam-īḍyam


घन

ghaná (romanization)
घनः (nominative singular)
घनौ (dual nominative)
घना1 (dual nominative)
घनाः (nominative plural)
घनासः1 (nominative plural)
घन (singular vocative)
घनौ (dual vocative)
घना1 (dual vocative)
घनाः (plural vocative)
घनासः1 (plural vocative)
घनम् (accusative singular)
घनौ (accusative dual)
घना1 (accusative dual)
घनान् (accusative plural)
घनेन (instrumental singular)
घनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घनैः (instrumental plural)
घनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
घनाय (dative singular)
घनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घनेभ्यः (dative plural)
घनात् (ablative singular)
घनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
घनस्य (genitive singular)
घनयोः (dual genitive)
घनानाम् (genitive plural)
घने (locative singular)
घनयोः (dual locative)
घनेषु (locative plural)

Pali: ghana

Prakrit: 𑀖𑀡 (ghaṇa)

Central:

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Awadhi: घन (ghan)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: ghan

Hindi: घन

Urdu: گھَن (ghan)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bihari: घन (ghan)

Maithili: घन (ghan)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: घण (ghaṇ)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: घन (ghan)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: घण (ghaṇ)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: ghaṇ

Gurmukhi script: ਘਣ

Shahmukhi script: كھَݨ

Southern:

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀖𑀡 (ghaṇa)

Marathi: घण (ghaṇ), घणा (ghaṇā)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: ઘણ (ghaṇ)

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰón-o-s, from *gʷʰen- (“to strike, slay”). Cognate with Ancient Greek φόνος (phónos, “murder, slaughter”) and Old English bana (“murderer”).

cog

शंसा॑ म॒हामिन्द्रं॒ यस्मि॒न्विश्वा॒ आ कृ॒ष्टय॑: सोम॒पाः काम॒मव्य॑न्।
यं सु॒क्रतुं॑ धि॒षणे॑ विभ्वत॒ष्टं घ॒नं वृ॒त्राणां॑ ज॒नय॑न्त दे॒वाः॥
śáṃsā mahā́míndraṃ yásminvíśvā ā́ kṛṣṭáya: somapā́ḥ kā́mamávyan.
yáṃ sukrátuṃ dhiṣáṇe vibhvataṣṭáṃ ghanáṃ vṛtrā́ṇāṃ janáyanta devā́ḥ.
I glorify the mighty Indra, in whom all men, drinking the Soma, obtain their wishes; whom the powerful (heaven and earth) and the gods begot, the doer of great deeds, the slayer of the Vṛtras, who was fashioned by Vibhu (the creator).

an iron club or a mace; a weapon shaped like a hammer


घन

sa-adj

घन • (ghaná) stem (comparative घनीयस्, superlative घनिष्ठ)

ghaná (romanization)
घनीयस् (comparative)
घनिष्ठ (superlative)
घनः (nominative singular)
घनौ (dual nominative)
घना1 (dual nominative)
घनाः (nominative plural)
घनासः1 (nominative plural)
घन (singular vocative)
घनौ (dual vocative)
घना1 (dual vocative)
घनाः (plural vocative)
घनासः1 (plural vocative)
घनम् (accusative singular)
घनौ (accusative dual)
घना1 (accusative dual)
घनान् (accusative plural)
घनेन (instrumental singular)
घनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घनैः (instrumental plural)
घनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
घनाय (dative singular)
घनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घनेभ्यः (dative plural)
घनात् (ablative singular)
घनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
घनस्य (genitive singular)
घनयोः (dual genitive)
घनानाम् (genitive plural)
घने (locative singular)
घनयोः (dual locative)
घनेषु (locative plural)
घना (nominative singular)
घने (dual nominative)
घनाः (nominative plural)
घने (singular vocative)
घने (dual vocative)
घनाः (plural vocative)
घनाम् (accusative singular)
घने (accusative dual)
घनाः (accusative plural)
घनया (instrumental singular)
घना1 (instrumental singular)
घनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घनाभिः (instrumental plural)
घनायै (dative singular)
घनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घनाभ्यः (dative plural)
घनायाः (ablative singular)
घनायै2 (ablative singular)
घनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
घनायाः (genitive singular)
घनायै2 (genitive singular)
घनयोः (dual genitive)
घनानाम् (genitive plural)
घनायाम् (locative singular)
घनयोः (dual locative)
घनासु (locative plural)
घनम् (nominative singular)
घने (dual nominative)
घनानि (nominative plural)
घना1 (nominative plural)
घन (singular vocative)
घने (dual vocative)
घनानि (plural vocative)
घना1 (plural vocative)
घनम् (accusative singular)
घने (accusative dual)
घनानि (accusative plural)
घना1 (accusative plural)
घनेन (instrumental singular)
घनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घनैः (instrumental plural)
घनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
घनाय (dative singular)
घनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घनेभ्यः (dative plural)
घनात् (ablative singular)
घनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
घनस्य (genitive singular)
घनयोः (dual genitive)
घनानाम् (genitive plural)
घने (locative singular)
घनयोः (dual locative)
घनेषु (locative plural)

Unknown, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to flourish, be full, swell, abound”). If so, then cognate with Lithuanian ganėti (“to be enough, be sufficient, suffice”), Persian آگنج (âganj, “full, complete”), Persian آکندن (âgandan, “to fill up”), German ganz (“entire, whole”).


घन

Dardic:

Indus Kohistani: ghō̃

Kalami: gäṇ, gīṇ

Kalasha: ghóna

Kashmiri: گونُ (gōnu)

Phalura: گھاݨ (ghāṇu), گھیݨ (ghēṇi)

⇒ Savi: ghaṇyeṛo

Shumashti: gō̃

Tirahi: gana

Torwali: گن (gan), گین (gen)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: gan, gen

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Ashkun: gäni

Waigali: ganala-štä

Pali: ghana

Prakrit: 𑀖𑀡 (ghaṇa)

Central:

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Old Awadhi: घन (ghana)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀖𑀡 (ghaṇa)

Hindustani: ghanā

Hindi: घना

Urdu: گھَنَا (ghanā)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ঘন (ghon)

⇒ Assamese: ঘনাইব (ghonaibo)

Bengali: ঘন (ghono)

Bihari: घन (ghan)

Old Maithili: घन (ghan)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: घणो (ghaṇo)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: घनु (ghanu)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Lahnda: گھݨا (ghaṇā), گھنے (ghannē)

Punjabi: ghaṇā

Gurmukhi script: ਘਣਾ

Shahmukhi script: گھَݨَا

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: ghaṇo, ghaṇi

Arabic script: گھَڻو, گھَڻِ

Devanagari script: घणो, घणि

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ގިނަ (gina)

Sinhalese: ගන (gana)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: घण (ghaṇ)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Old Gujarati: घणउं (ghaṇaüṃ)

Gujarati: ઘણું (ghaṇũ)

Marwari: घणो (ghaṇo)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: ghana
> Javanese: ꦒꦤ (gana) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬖᬦ (gana)

→ Tamil: கனம் (kaṉam)

→ Telugu: ఘనము (ghanamu)


सम्प्रेक्ष्

head

सम्प्रेक्ष् • (samprekṣ)

सम् (sam) + प्र- (pra-) + √ईक्ष् (īkṣ, “to regard, to consider”)

सम्प्रेक्षते सम्प्रेक्षते#Sanskrit

संप्रेक्ष्य नासिकाग्रं स्वं दिशश्चानवलोकयन्

contemplating the nose-tip of his self and to (other) direction not glance

saṃprekṣya nāsikāgraṃ svaṃ diśaścānavalokayan


परिषद्

pariṣád (romanization)
परिषत् (nominative singular)
परिषदौ (dual nominative)
परिषदा1 (dual nominative)
परिषदः (nominative plural)
परिषत् (singular vocative)
परिषदौ (dual vocative)
परिषदा1 (dual vocative)
परिषदः (plural vocative)
परिषदम् (accusative singular)
परिषदौ (accusative dual)
परिषदा1 (accusative dual)
परिषदः (accusative plural)
परिषदा (instrumental singular)
परिषद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परिषद्भिः (instrumental plural)
परिषदे (dative singular)
परिषद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
परिषद्भ्यः (dative plural)
परिषदः (ablative singular)
परिषद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
परिषद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
परिषदः (genitive singular)
परिषदोः (dual genitive)
परिषदाम् (genitive plural)
परिषदि (locative singular)
परिषदोः (dual locative)
परिषत्सु (locative plural)

English: parishad

Burmese: ပရိသတ် (pa.ri.sat)

Lao: ບໍລິສັດ (bǭ li sat)

Thai: บริษัท (bɔɔ-rí-sàt)

परि- (pari-) + सद् (sad, “to sit down before”, root)

prefix

अथ उत्थाय जलम् स्पृष्ट्वा भरतो वाक्यम् अब्रवीत् ।
शृण्वन्तु मे परिषदो मन्त्रिणः श्रेणयः तथा ॥
atha utthāya jalam spṛṣṭvā bharato vākyam abravīt.

2005 translation by K. M. K. Murthy
Thereafter, Bharata rose, touched water and spoke as follows: "Let the audience, including ministers and the guild of traders hear me also."

śṛṇvantu me pariṣado mantriṇaḥ śreṇayaḥ tathā.

assembly, meeting, group, council; audience


परिषद्

head

परिषद् • (pariṣad)

sa-root

परिषद् • (pariṣad)


सखा

भक्तो ऽसि मे सखा च

masculine nominative singular of सखि (sakhi), a friend, companion


तैल

tailá (romanization)
तैलम् (nominative singular)
तैले (dual nominative)
तैलानि (nominative plural)
तैला1 (nominative plural)
तैल (singular vocative)
तैले (dual vocative)
तैलानि (plural vocative)
तैला1 (plural vocative)
तैलम् (accusative singular)
तैले (accusative dual)
तैलानि (accusative plural)
तैला1 (accusative plural)
तैलेन (instrumental singular)
तैलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तैलैः (instrumental plural)
तैलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तैलाय (dative singular)
तैलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तैलेभ्यः (dative plural)
तैलात् (ablative singular)
तैलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तैलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तैलस्य (genitive singular)
तैलयोः (dual genitive)
तैलानाम् (genitive plural)
तैले (locative singular)
तैलयोः (dual locative)
तैलेषु (locative plural)

Pali: tela

Chakma: 𑄖𑄬𑄣𑄴 (tel)

Dardic:

Kalasha: tew

Prakrit: 𑀢𑁳𑀮𑁆𑀮 (tĕlla) (see there for further descendants)

→ Hajong: তেল (tel)

→ Pashto: تېل (tel)

Assamese: তৈল (toil)

Bengali: তৈল (tōil)

Tibetan: ཏིལ (til)

Gujarati: તૈલ (tail)

Hindustani: taila

Hindi: तैल

Urdu: تَیل

Kannada: ತೈಲ (taila)

Maithili: tail

Devanagari script: तैल

Tirhuta script: 𑒞𑒻𑒪

Malayalam: തൈലം (tailaṁ)

Marathi: तैल (tail)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: तैल

Mahajani script: 𑅣𑅑𑅮

Odia: ତୈଳ (taiḷa)

Sinhalese: තෛලය (tailaya)

Tamil: தைலம் (tailam)

Telugu: తైలము (tailamu)

Vṛddhi derivative of तिल (tilá, “sesame”).


वितरण

vitaraṇa (romanization)
वितरणम् (nominative singular)
वितरणे (dual nominative)
वितरणानि (nominative plural)
वितरणा1 (nominative plural)
वितरण (singular vocative)
वितरणे (dual vocative)
वितरणानि (plural vocative)
वितरणा1 (plural vocative)
वितरणम् (accusative singular)
वितरणे (accusative dual)
वितरणानि (accusative plural)
वितरणा1 (accusative plural)
वितरणेन (instrumental singular)
वितरणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वितरणैः (instrumental plural)
वितरणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वितरणाय (dative singular)
वितरणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वितरणेभ्यः (dative plural)
वितरणात् (ablative singular)
वितरणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वितरणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वितरणस्य (genitive singular)
वितरणयोः (dual genitive)
वितरणानाम् (genitive plural)
वितरणे (locative singular)
वितरणयोः (dual locative)
वितरणेषु (locative plural)

Compound of वि (vi, “apart”) + तरण (taraṇa, “passing”).

com+

/ˈʋi.t̪ɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/


वितरण

Compound of वि (vi, “apart”) + तरण (taraṇa, “crossing over”).

/ˈʋi.t̪ɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/


लवण

lavaṇa (romanization)
लवणम् (nominative singular)
लवणे (dual nominative)
लवणानि (nominative plural)
लवणा1 (nominative plural)
लवण (singular vocative)
लवणे (dual vocative)
लवणानि (plural vocative)
लवणा1 (plural vocative)
लवणम् (accusative singular)
लवणे (accusative dual)
लवणानि (accusative plural)
लवणा1 (accusative plural)
लवणेन (instrumental singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लवणैः (instrumental plural)
लवणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लवणाय (dative singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लवणेभ्यः (dative plural)
लवणात् (ablative singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लवणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लवणस्य (genitive singular)
लवणयोः (dual genitive)
लवणानाम् (genitive plural)
लवणे (locative singular)
लवणयोः (dual locative)
लवणेषु (locative plural)

/ˈl̪ɐ.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/

Uncertain. The meanings of both "salt" and "beauty" are also found in other languages; Lithuanian saldus (“sweet, charming”) is derived from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls (“salt”). Buck compares लवङ्ग (lavaṅga, “clove”), originally "something cutting, sharp," from the root लू (lū, “to cut”), but this is dismissed as "forced" by Cai. Palsule compares रमण (ramaṇa, “pleasing, charming”), but Mayrhofer finds this unconvincing.

अतोअन्यो लवण-क्षार-वर्गः शुल्कं दद्यात् ॥

c. 400 BCE – 200 CE, Cāṇakya, Arthaśāstra 2.12.34

Translation by R. Shamasastry
Salt and alkalines for purposes other than this shall be subject to the payment of toll.

atoanyo lavaṇa-kṣāra-vargaḥ śulkaṃ dadyāt.


लवण

lavaṇa (romanization)
लवणः (nominative singular)
लवणौ (dual nominative)
लवणा1 (dual nominative)
लवणाः (nominative plural)
लवणासः1 (nominative plural)
लवण (singular vocative)
लवणौ (dual vocative)
लवणा1 (dual vocative)
लवणाः (plural vocative)
लवणासः1 (plural vocative)
लवणम् (accusative singular)
लवणौ (accusative dual)
लवणा1 (accusative dual)
लवणान् (accusative plural)
लवणेन (instrumental singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लवणैः (instrumental plural)
लवणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लवणाय (dative singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लवणेभ्यः (dative plural)
लवणात् (ablative singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लवणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लवणस्य (genitive singular)
लवणयोः (dual genitive)
लवणानाम् (genitive plural)
लवणे (locative singular)
लवणयोः (dual locative)
लवणेषु (locative plural)

/ˈl̪ɐ.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/


लवण

lavaṇa (romanization)
लवणः (nominative singular)
लवणौ (dual nominative)
लवणा1 (dual nominative)
लवणाः (nominative plural)
लवणासः1 (nominative plural)
लवण (singular vocative)
लवणौ (dual vocative)
लवणा1 (dual vocative)
लवणाः (plural vocative)
लवणासः1 (plural vocative)
लवणम् (accusative singular)
लवणौ (accusative dual)
लवणा1 (accusative dual)
लवणान् (accusative plural)
लवणेन (instrumental singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लवणैः (instrumental plural)
लवणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लवणाय (dative singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लवणेभ्यः (dative plural)
लवणात् (ablative singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लवणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लवणस्य (genitive singular)
लवणयोः (dual genitive)
लवणानाम् (genitive plural)
लवणे (locative singular)
लवणयोः (dual locative)
लवणेषु (locative plural)
लवणा (nominative singular)
लवणे (dual nominative)
लवणाः (nominative plural)
लवणे (singular vocative)
लवणे (dual vocative)
लवणाः (plural vocative)
लवणाम् (accusative singular)
लवणे (accusative dual)
लवणाः (accusative plural)
लवणया (instrumental singular)
लवणा1 (instrumental singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लवणाभिः (instrumental plural)
लवणायै (dative singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लवणाभ्यः (dative plural)
लवणायाः (ablative singular)
लवणायै2 (ablative singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लवणाभ्यः (ablative plural)
लवणायाः (genitive singular)
लवणायै2 (genitive singular)
लवणयोः (dual genitive)
लवणानाम् (genitive plural)
लवणायाम् (locative singular)
लवणयोः (dual locative)
लवणासु (locative plural)
लवणम् (nominative singular)
लवणे (dual nominative)
लवणानि (nominative plural)
लवणा1 (nominative plural)
लवण (singular vocative)
लवणे (dual vocative)
लवणानि (plural vocative)
लवणा1 (plural vocative)
लवणम् (accusative singular)
लवणे (accusative dual)
लवणानि (accusative plural)
लवणा1 (accusative plural)
लवणेन (instrumental singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लवणैः (instrumental plural)
लवणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लवणाय (dative singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लवणेभ्यः (dative plural)
लवणात् (ablative singular)
लवणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लवणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लवणस्य (genitive singular)
लवणयोः (dual genitive)
लवणानाम् (genitive plural)
लवणे (locative singular)
लवणयोः (dual locative)
लवणेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: লোণ (lün)

desc

Bengali: লোন (lōn), লুন (lun), নুন (nun)

Kalasha: ḷọ̃

Magahi: 𑂢𑂴𑂢 (nūn)

Odia: ଲୁଣ (luṇa)

Pali: loṇa

Phalura: lhoóṇ

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਲੂਣ (lūṇ)

Shahmukhi script: لُوݨ (lūṇ)

desctree

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀮𑁄𑀡 (loṇa)
Hindustani:
Hindi: लोन (lon)
Urdu: لون (lon)
Old Gujarati: लूण (lūṇa)
Gujarati: લૂણ (lūṇ)
Romani: lon

Sinhalese: ලුණු (luṇu)

Torwali: لن

→ Bengali: লবণ (lobon) (learned)

→ Hindi: लवण (lavaṇ) (learned)

→ Tamil: லவணம் (lavaṇam) (learned)

→ Telugu: లవణము (lavaṇamu) (learned)

/ˈl̪ɐ.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/


श्याल

स्याल स्याल#Sanskrit

Alternative spelling of स्याल (syāla, “brother-in-law, wife’s brother”)


देवना

Related to Sanskrit देवन (devan, “pastime; dice game”).


पितृव्या

pitṛvya (romanization)
पितृव्या (nominative singular)
पितृव्ये (dual nominative)
पितृव्याः (nominative plural)
पितृव्ये (singular vocative)
पितृव्ये (dual vocative)
पितृव्याः (plural vocative)
पितृव्याम् (accusative singular)
पितृव्ये (accusative dual)
पितृव्याः (accusative plural)
पितृव्यया (instrumental singular)
पितृव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पितृव्याभिः (instrumental plural)
पितृव्यायै (dative singular)
पितृव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
पितृव्याभ्यः (dative plural)
पितृव्यायाः (ablative singular)
पितृव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पितृव्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
पितृव्यायाः (genitive singular)
पितृव्ययोः (dual genitive)
पितृव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
पितृव्यायाम् (locative singular)
पितृव्ययोः (dual locative)
पितृव्यासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of पितृव्या

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्याभ्यः

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्याभ्यः

पितृव्यानाम्

पितृव्यायाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्याभ्यः

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्याभ्यः

पितृव्यानाम्

पितृव्यायाम्

Feminine form of पितृव्य (pitṛvya, “paternal uncle”), from पितृ (pitṛ, “father”).

paternal aunt, the wife of one’s father’s brother


आबुत्त

ābutta (romanization)
आबुत्तः (nominative singular)
आबुत्तौ (dual nominative)
आबुत्ताः (nominative plural)
आबुत्त (singular vocative)
आबुत्तौ (dual vocative)
आबुत्ताः (plural vocative)
आबुत्तम् (accusative singular)
आबुत्तौ (accusative dual)
आबुत्तान् (accusative plural)
आबुत्तेन (instrumental singular)
आबुत्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आबुत्तैः (instrumental plural)
आबुत्ताय (dative singular)
आबुत्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
आबुत्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
आबुत्तात् (ablative singular)
आबुत्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आबुत्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आबुत्तस्य (genitive singular)
आबुत्तयोः (dual genitive)
आबुत्तानाम् (genitive plural)
आबुत्ते (locative singular)
आबुत्तयोः (dual locative)
आबुत्तेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of आबुत्त

आबुत्ताभ्याम्

आबुत्ताभ्याम्

आबुत्ताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

आबुत्ताभ्याम्

आबुत्ताभ्याम्

आबुत्ताभ्याम्

[ɑːˈbut̪̚.t̪ɐ]


सगर्भ्य

ságarbhya (romanization)
सगर्भ्यः (nominative singular)
सगर्भ्यौ (dual nominative)
सगर्भ्या1 (dual nominative)
सगर्भ्याः (nominative plural)
सगर्भ्यासः1 (nominative plural)
सगर्भ्य (singular vocative)
सगर्भ्यौ (dual vocative)
सगर्भ्या1 (dual vocative)
सगर्भ्याः (plural vocative)
सगर्भ्यासः1 (plural vocative)
सगर्भ्यम् (accusative singular)
सगर्भ्यौ (accusative dual)
सगर्भ्या1 (accusative dual)
सगर्भ्यान् (accusative plural)
सगर्भ्येण (instrumental singular)
सगर्भ्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सगर्भ्यैः (instrumental plural)
सगर्भ्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सगर्भ्याय (dative singular)
सगर्भ्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
सगर्भ्येभ्यः (dative plural)
सगर्भ्यात् (ablative singular)
सगर्भ्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सगर्भ्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
सगर्भ्यस्य (genitive singular)
सगर्भ्ययोः (dual genitive)
सगर्भ्याणाम् (genitive plural)
सगर्भ्ये (locative singular)
सगर्भ्ययोः (dual locative)
सगर्भ्येषु (locative plural)

/sɐ́.ɡɐɾ.bʱjɐ/

/s̪ɐˈɡɐɾ.bʱjɐ/

From Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-gʷelbʰ- (“same womb”), from *gʷelbʰ- (“womb”), equivalent to स (sa, copulative prefix) + गर्भ (garbha, “child, offspring; womb”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀδελφός (adelphós, “brother”).

cog

full-blooded brother, sharing both father and mother


पितृव्य

pitṛvyá (romanization)
पितृव्यः (nominative singular)
पितृव्यौ (dual nominative)
पितृव्याः (nominative plural)
पितृव्य (singular vocative)
पितृव्यौ (dual vocative)
पितृव्याः (plural vocative)
पितृव्यम् (accusative singular)
पितृव्यौ (accusative dual)
पितृव्यान् (accusative plural)
पितृव्येन (instrumental singular)
पितृव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पितृव्यैः (instrumental plural)
पितृव्याय (dative singular)
पितृव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
पितृव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
पितृव्यात् (ablative singular)
पितृव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पितृव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
पितृव्यस्य (genitive singular)
पितृव्ययोः (dual genitive)
पितृव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
पितृव्ये (locative singular)
पितृव्ययोः (dual locative)
पितृव्येषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of पितृव्य

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्येभ्यः

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्येभ्यः

पितृव्यानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्येभ्यः

पितृव्याभ्याम्

पितृव्येभ्यः

पितृव्यानाम्

From पितृ (pitṛ, “father”). Compare Ancient Greek πάτρως (pátrōs, “paternal uncle”), Avestan 𐬙𐬏𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (tūⁱriia, “paternal uncle”) (> *(p)tərvya), Classical Persian افدر (afdar, “paternal uncle”), and Latin patruus (“paternal uncle”), Proto-Germanic *fadurwijô (“paternal uncle”).

cog

paternal uncle, the brother of one’s father


टङ्का

ṭaṅkā (romanization)
टङ्का (nominative singular)
टङ्के (dual nominative)
टङ्काः (nominative plural)
टङ्के (singular vocative)
टङ्के (dual vocative)
टङ्काः (plural vocative)
टङ्काम् (accusative singular)
टङ्के (accusative dual)
टङ्काः (accusative plural)
टङ्कया (instrumental singular)
टङ्का1 (instrumental singular)
टङ्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
टङ्काभिः (instrumental plural)
टङ्कायै (dative singular)
टङ्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
टङ्काभ्यः (dative plural)
टङ्कायाः (ablative singular)
टङ्कायै2 (ablative singular)
टङ्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
टङ्काभ्यः (ablative plural)
टङ्कायाः (genitive singular)
टङ्कायै2 (genitive singular)
टङ्कयोः (dual genitive)
टङ्कानाम् (genitive plural)
टङ्कायाम् (locative singular)
टङ्कयोः (dual locative)
टङ्कासु (locative plural)

From टङ्क (ṭaṅka) + -आ (-ā, “feminine suffix”).


यामेय

yāmeya (romanization)
यामेयः (nominative singular)
यामेयौ (dual nominative)
यामेयाः (nominative plural)
यामेय (singular vocative)
यामेयौ (dual vocative)
यामेयाः (plural vocative)
यामेयम् (accusative singular)
यामेयौ (accusative dual)
यामेयान् (accusative plural)
यामेयेन (instrumental singular)
यामेयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यामेयैः (instrumental plural)
यामेयाय (dative singular)
यामेयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यामेयेभ्यः (dative plural)
यामेयात् (ablative singular)
यामेयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यामेयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यामेयस्य (genitive singular)
यामेययोः (dual genitive)
यामेयानाम् (genitive plural)
यामेये (locative singular)
यामेययोः (dual locative)
यामेयेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of यामेय

यामेयाभ्याम्

यामेयाभ्याम्

यामेयाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

यामेयाभ्याम्

यामेयाभ्याम्

यामेयाभ्याम्


मातुलानी

mātulānī (romanization)
मातुलानी (nominative singular)
मातुलान्यौ (dual nominative)
मातुलान्यः (nominative plural)
मातुलानि (singular vocative)
मातुलान्यौ (dual vocative)
मातुलान्यः (plural vocative)
मातुलानीम् (accusative singular)
मातुलान्यौ (accusative dual)
मातुलानीः (accusative plural)
मातुलान्या (instrumental singular)
मातुलानीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मातुलानीभिः (instrumental plural)
मातुलान्यै (dative singular)
मातुलानीभ्याम् (dative dual)
मातुलानीभ्यः (dative plural)
मातुलान्याः (ablative singular)
मातुलानीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मातुलानीभ्यः (ablative plural)
मातुलान्याः (genitive singular)
मातुलान्योः (dual genitive)
मातुलानीनाम् (genitive plural)
मातुलान्याम् (locative singular)
मातुलान्योः (dual locative)
मातुलानीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of मातुलानी

मातुलानीभ्याम्

मातुलानीभ्याम्

मातुलानीभ्यः

मातुलानीभ्याम्

मातुलानीभ्यः

मातुलानीनाम्

मातुलान्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मातुलानीभ्याम्

मातुलानीभ्याम्

मातुलानीभ्यः

मातुलानीभ्याम्

मातुलानीभ्यः

मातुलानीनाम्

मातुलान्याम्

Feminine form of मातुल (mātula, “maternal uncle”), from मातृ (mātṛ, “mother”).


गोपनीयता

sa-noun

गोपनीयता • (gopanīyatā) stem, f (root गुप्)

gopanīyatā (romanization)
गुप् (root)
गोपनीयता (nominative singular)
गोपनीयते (dual nominative)
गोपनीयताः (nominative plural)
गोपनीयते (singular vocative)
गोपनीयते (dual vocative)
गोपनीयताः (plural vocative)
गोपनीयताम् (accusative singular)
गोपनीयते (accusative dual)
गोपनीयताः (accusative plural)
गोपनीयतया (instrumental singular)
गोपनीयता1 (instrumental singular)
गोपनीयताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोपनीयताभिः (instrumental plural)
गोपनीयतायै (dative singular)
गोपनीयताभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोपनीयताभ्यः (dative plural)
गोपनीयतायाः (ablative singular)
गोपनीयतायै2 (ablative singular)
गोपनीयताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोपनीयताभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोपनीयतायाः (genitive singular)
गोपनीयतायै2 (genitive singular)
गोपनीयतयोः (dual genitive)
गोपनीयतानाम् (genitive plural)
गोपनीयतायाम् (locative singular)
गोपनीयतयोः (dual locative)
गोपनीयतासु (locative plural)


वाक्

head

वाक् • (vā́k)

nominative singular of वाच् (vā́c, “speech, voice”)


वाचम्

वाचम् • (vā́cam)

/ˈʋɑː.t͡ɕɐm/


स्याली

syālī (romanization)
स्याली (nominative singular)
स्याल्यौ (dual nominative)
स्याल्यः (nominative plural)
स्यालि (singular vocative)
स्याल्यौ (dual vocative)
स्याल्यः (plural vocative)
स्यालीम् (accusative singular)
स्याल्यौ (accusative dual)
स्यालीः (accusative plural)
स्याल्या (instrumental singular)
स्यालीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्यालीभिः (instrumental plural)
स्याल्यै (dative singular)
स्यालीभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्यालीभ्यः (dative plural)
स्याल्याः (ablative singular)
स्यालीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्यालीभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्याल्याः (genitive singular)
स्याल्योः (dual genitive)
स्यालीनाम् (genitive plural)
स्याल्याम् (locative singular)
स्याल्योः (dual locative)
स्यालीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of स्याली

स्यालीभ्याम्

स्यालीभ्याम्

स्यालीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्यालीभ्याम्

स्यालीभ्याम्

स्यालीभ्याम्

Hindi: साली (sālī)

Kashmiri: سال (sāl)

Marathi: साली (sālī)

Nepali: साली (sālī)

Romani: sali

Urdu: سالی (sālī)

Feminine form of स्याल (syāla, “brother-in-law, wife’s brother”).

सखिभार्यां समारुह्य गत्वा श्यालीं तथैव च
अहोरात्रोषितो भूत्वा तप्तकृच्छरं समाचरेत् ॥
sakhibhāryāṃ samāruhya gatvā śyālīṃ tathaiva ca

ahorātroṣito bhūtvā taptakṛccharaṃ samācaret.


मातुला

mātulā (romanization)
मातुला (nominative singular)
मातुले (dual nominative)
मातुलाः (nominative plural)
मातुले (singular vocative)
मातुले (dual vocative)
मातुलाः (plural vocative)
मातुलाम् (accusative singular)
मातुले (accusative dual)
मातुलाः (accusative plural)
मातुलया (instrumental singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मातुलाभिः (instrumental plural)
मातुलायै (dative singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मातुलाभ्यः (dative plural)
मातुलायाः (ablative singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मातुलाभ्यः (ablative plural)
मातुलायाः (genitive singular)
मातुलयोः (dual genitive)
मातुलानाम् (genitive plural)
मातुलायाम् (locative singular)
मातुलयोः (dual locative)
मातुलासु (locative plural)
मातुली (nominative singular)
मातुल्यौ (dual nominative)
मातुल्यः (nominative plural)
मातुलि (singular vocative)
मातुल्यौ (dual vocative)
मातुल्यः (plural vocative)
मातुलीम् (accusative singular)
मातुल्यौ (accusative dual)
मातुलीः (accusative plural)
मातुल्या (instrumental singular)
मातुलीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मातुलीभिः (instrumental plural)
मातुल्यै (dative singular)
मातुलीभ्याम् (dative dual)
मातुलीभ्यः (dative plural)
मातुल्याः (ablative singular)
मातुलीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मातुलीभ्यः (ablative plural)
मातुल्याः (genitive singular)
मातुल्योः (dual genitive)
मातुलीनाम् (genitive plural)
मातुल्याम् (locative singular)
मातुल्योः (dual locative)
मातुलीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of मातुला

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of मातुला

मातुलीभ्याम्

मातुलीभ्याम्

मातुलीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मातुलीभ्याम्

मातुलीभ्याम्

मातुलीभ्याम्

Feminine form of मातुल (mātula, “maternal uncle”), from मातृ (mātṛ, “mother”). Compare with मातुलानी.


मातुला

head

मातुला • (mātulā)

मातुल मातुल#Sanskrit

feminine nominative singular of मातुल (mātula)


देवन

devana (romanization)
देवनः (nominative singular)
देवनौ (dual nominative)
देवनाः (nominative plural)
देवन (singular vocative)
देवनौ (dual vocative)
देवनाः (plural vocative)
देवनम् (accusative singular)
देवनौ (accusative dual)
देवनान् (accusative plural)
देवनेन (instrumental singular)
देवनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
देवनैः (instrumental plural)
देवनाय (dative singular)
देवनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
देवनेभ्यः (dative plural)
देवनात् (ablative singular)
देवनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
देवनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
देवनस्य (genitive singular)
देवनयोः (dual genitive)
देवनानाम् (genitive plural)
देवने (locative singular)
देवनयोः (dual locative)
देवनेषु (locative plural)
देवनम् (nominative singular)
देवने (dual nominative)
देवनानि (nominative plural)
देवन (singular vocative)
देवने (dual vocative)
देवनानि (plural vocative)
देवनम् (accusative singular)
देवने (accusative dual)
देवनानि (accusative plural)
देवनेन (instrumental singular)
देवनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
देवनैः (instrumental plural)
देवनाय (dative singular)
देवनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
देवनेभ्यः (dative plural)
देवनात् (ablative singular)
देवनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
देवनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
देवनस्य (genitive singular)
देवनयोः (dual genitive)
देवनानाम् (genitive plural)
देवने (locative singular)
देवनयोः (dual locative)
देवनेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of देवन

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">देवन</i>

/ˈd̪eː.ʋɐ.n̪ɐ/

Related to देवना (devanā, “pastime, sport”).

कृतं न श्वघ्नी वि चिनोति देवने संवर्गं यन्मघवा सूर्यं जयत् ।
न तत्ते अन्यो अनु वीर्यं शकन्न पुराणो मघवन्नोत नूतनः ॥
kṛtaṃ na śvaghnī vi cinoti devane saṃvargaṃ yanmaghavā sūryaṃ jayat.

As in the [dice] game a gambler piles his winnings, so Maghavan, sweeping all together, gained the Sun
This mighty deed of thine none other could achieve, none, Maghavan, before thee, none in recent time.

na tatte anyo anu vīryaṃ śakanna purāṇo maghavannota nūtanaḥ.


ज्ञाति

sa-noun

ज्ञाति • (jñātí) stem, m

jñātí (romanization)
ज्ञातिः (nominative singular)
ज्ञाती (dual nominative)
ज्ञातयः (nominative plural)
ज्ञाते (singular vocative)
ज्ञाती (dual vocative)
ज्ञातयः (plural vocative)
ज्ञातिम् (accusative singular)
ज्ञाती (accusative dual)
ज्ञातीन् (accusative plural)
ज्ञातिना (instrumental singular)
ज्ञात्या1 (instrumental singular)
ज्ञातिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ज्ञातिभिः (instrumental plural)
ज्ञातये (dative singular)
ज्ञातिभ्याम् (dative dual)
ज्ञातिभ्यः (dative plural)
ज्ञातेः (ablative singular)
ज्ञात्यः1 (ablative singular)
ज्ञातिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ज्ञातिभ्यः (ablative plural)
ज्ञातेः (genitive singular)
ज्ञात्यः1 (genitive singular)
ज्ञात्योः (dual genitive)
ज्ञातीनाम् (genitive plural)
ज्ञातौ (locative singular)
ज्ञाता1 (locative singular)
ज्ञात्योः (dual locative)
ज्ञातिषु (locative plural)

desc

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀜𑀸𑀢𑀺 (ñāti, Girnar), 𑀦𑀸𑀢𑀺 (nāti, Kalsi)

Niya Prakrit: 𐨙𐨟𐨁 (ñati)

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀇 (ṇāi)

Pali: ñāti

⇒ *ज्ञातिक (jñātika)

⇒ *ज्ञातिक (jñātika)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀜𑀸𑀢𑀺𑀓 (ñātika, Girnar), 𐨙𐨟𐨁𐨐 (ñatika, Shahbazgarhi)

/ˈd͡ʑɲɑː.t̪i/

Either:
# From the root जन् (jan, “to beget, generate”).
# From the root ज्ञा (jñā, “to know; be familiar with”).

sa-root

सस्तु माता सस्तु पिता सस्तु श्वा सस्तु विश्पतिः ।
ससन्तु सर्वे ज्ञातयः सस्त्वयमभितो जनः ॥
sastu mātā sastu pitā sastu śvā sastu viśpatiḥ.

May the mother sleep, may the father sleep, may the dog and the village chief sleep.
May all the kinsmen and all the people who are round about sleep.

sasantu sarve jñātayaḥ sastvayamabhito janaḥ.

एधन्ते अस्या ज्ञातयः पतिर्बन्धेषु बध्यते ॥

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 14.1.26.2

Her kinsmen prosper; the husband is bound in bonds.

edhante asyā jñātayaḥ patirbandheṣu badhyate.


स्याल

syāla (romanization)
स्यालः (nominative singular)
स्यालौ (dual nominative)
स्याला1 (dual nominative)
स्यालाः (nominative plural)
स्यालासः1 (nominative plural)
स्याल (singular vocative)
स्यालौ (dual vocative)
स्याला1 (dual vocative)
स्यालाः (plural vocative)
स्यालासः1 (plural vocative)
स्यालम् (accusative singular)
स्यालौ (accusative dual)
स्याला1 (accusative dual)
स्यालान् (accusative plural)
स्यालेन (instrumental singular)
स्यालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्यालैः (instrumental plural)
स्यालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्यालाय (dative singular)
स्यालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्यालेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्यालात् (ablative singular)
स्यालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्यालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्यालस्य (genitive singular)
स्यालयोः (dual genitive)
स्यालानाम् (genitive plural)
स्याले (locative singular)
स्यालयोः (dual locative)
स्यालेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: sāl

Arabic script: سال

Devanagari script: साल्

Pali: sālaka

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀮 (sāla)
Central:
Awadhi: सार (sār)
Hindustani: sālā
Hindi: साला
Urdu: سالا
Romani: salo
Eastern:
Assamese: শাল (xal)
Bengali: শালা (śala), শালি (śali), হালি (hali)
Bihari:
Bhojpuri: सार (sār)
Maithili: सार (sār)
Odia: ସାଳା (sāḷā), ସାଳି (sāḷi)
Northern:
Central Pahari:
Kumaoni: शौ (śau), शई (śaī)
Eastern Pahari:
Nepali: सालो (sālo), सालि (sāli), साला (sālā)
Western Pahari:
Bhadrawahi: साइ (sāi), सालाभै (sālābhai)
Northwestern:
Punjabi: sālā
Gurmukhi script: ਸਾਲਾ
Shahmukhi script: سالا
Sindhi: sālo, sālī
Arabic script: سالو, سالِی
Devanagari script: सालो, साली
Southern:
Marathi: साळा (sāḷā), साळी (sāḷī)
Western:
Gujarati: સાળો (sāḷo), સાળી (sāḷī)

/ˈs̪jɑː.l̪ɐ/

Origin debated. Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *syo(w)ros and cognate with Old Armenian հոր (hor, “son-in-law, daughter’s husband”), Old East Slavic шурь (šurĭ), Old Church Slavonic шуринъ (šurinŭ, “brother-in-law, wife’s brother”), Russian шурин (šurin)).


तालु

tālu (romanization)
तालु (nominative singular)
तालुनी (dual nominative)
तालूनि (nominative plural)
तालु1 (nominative plural)
तालू1 (nominative plural)
तालु (singular vocative)
तालो (singular vocative)
तालुनी (dual vocative)
तालूनि (plural vocative)
तालु1 (plural vocative)
तालू1 (plural vocative)
तालु (accusative singular)
तालुनी (accusative dual)
तालूनि (accusative plural)
तालु1 (accusative plural)
तालू1 (accusative plural)
तालुना (instrumental singular)
ताल्वा1 (instrumental singular)
तालुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तालुभिः (instrumental plural)
तालुने (dative singular)
तालवे1 (dative singular)
ताल्वे1 (dative singular)
तालुभ्याम् (dative dual)
तालुभ्यः (dative plural)
तालुनः (ablative singular)
तालोः1 (ablative singular)
ताल्वः1 (ablative singular)
तालुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तालुभ्यः (ablative plural)
तालुनः (genitive singular)
तालोः1 (genitive singular)
ताल्वः1 (genitive singular)
तालुनोः (dual genitive)
तालूनाम् (genitive plural)
तालुनि (locative singular)
तालौ1 (locative singular)
तालुनोः (dual locative)
तालुषु (locative plural)