नदी

nadī́ (romanization)
नदीः (nominative singular)
नद्या (dual nominative)
नद्यः (nominative plural)
नद्यम् (accusative singular)
नद्या (accusative dual)
नद्यः (accusative plural)
नद्या (instrumental singular)
नदीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नदीभिः (instrumental plural)
नद्ये (dative singular)
नदीभ्याम् (dative dual)
नदीभ्यः (dative plural)
नद्यः (ablative singular)
नदीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नदीभ्यः (ablative plural)
नद्यः (genitive singular)
नद्योः (dual genitive)
नदीनाम् (genitive plural)
नदी (locative singular)
नद्योः (dual locative)
नदीषु (locative plural)
नदि (singular vocative)
नद्या (dual vocative)
नद्यः (plural vocative)
नदी (nominative singular)
नद्यौ (dual nominative)
नदी1 (dual nominative)
नद्यः (nominative plural)
नदीः1 (nominative plural)
नदीम् (accusative singular)
नद्यौ (accusative dual)
नदी1 (accusative dual)
नदीः (accusative plural)
नद्या (instrumental singular)
नदीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नदीभिः (instrumental plural)
नद्यै (dative singular)
नदीभ्याम् (dative dual)
नदीभ्यः (dative plural)
नद्याः (ablative singular)
नद्यै2 (ablative singular)
नदीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नदीभ्यः (ablative plural)
नद्याः (genitive singular)
नद्यै2 (genitive singular)
नद्योः (dual genitive)
नदीनाम् (genitive plural)
नद्याम् (locative singular)
नद्योः (dual locative)
नदीषु (locative plural)
नदि (singular vocative)
नद्यौ (dual vocative)
नदी1 (dual vocative)
नद्यः (plural vocative)
नदीः1 (plural vocative)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀡𑀈 (ṇaī)

Bengali: নই (noi), নৈ (nōi)

desctree

Kamarupi Prakrit: 𑖜𑖂 (ṇaï)
Assamese: নৈ (noi)

Odia: ନଈ (nai)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀡𑀈 (ṇaī)

Old Marathi: 𑘡𑘃 (naī)

Konkani: न्हंय (nhaiya)

→ Old Javanese: nadī
Javanese: ꦤꦢꦶ (nadi)

Pali: nadī

Romani: len

→ Bengali: নদী (nodi) (learned)

→ Gujarati: નદી (nadī) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: नदी (nadī)

Urdu: نَدِی (nadī)

→ Kannada: ನದಿ (nadi) (learned)

→ Kashmiri: नदी (nadī) (learned)

→ Malayalam: നദി (nadi) (learned)

→ Marathi: नदी (nadī) (learned)

→ Marwari: नंदी (nandī) (learned)

→ Nepali: नदी (nadī) (learned)

→ Odia: ନଦୀ (nadi) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਨਦੀ (nadī) (learned)

→ Sindhi: ندي (learned)

→ Tamil: நதி (nati) (learned)

→ Telugu: నది (nadi) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *nadíH (“river”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ned-ih₂, from *ned- (“thundering, roaring, rushing”) + *-íh₂. Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬍𐬨 (anaⁱδīm, “across a river”). Possibly related to Ancient Greek Νέδα (Néda, name of a river), Middle Low German Nette (name of a river).


माया

māyā́ (romanization)
माया (nominative singular)
माये (dual nominative)
मायाः (nominative plural)
मायाम् (accusative singular)
माये (accusative dual)
मायाः (accusative plural)
मायया (instrumental singular)
माया1 (instrumental singular)
मायाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मायाभिः (instrumental plural)
मायायै (dative singular)
मायाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मायाभ्यः (dative plural)
मायायाः (ablative singular)
मायायै2 (ablative singular)
मायाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मायाभ्यः (ablative plural)
मायायाः (genitive singular)
मायायै2 (genitive singular)
माययोः (dual genitive)
मायानाम् (genitive plural)
मायायाम् (locative singular)
माययोः (dual locative)
मायासु (locative plural)
माये (singular vocative)
माये (dual vocative)
मायाः (plural vocative)

→ Balinese: ᬫᬵᬬᬵ

Pali: māyā

Indonesian: maya

Malay: maya

→ English: maya

→ Hindi: माया (māyā)

→ Lao: ມາຍາ (m)

→ Nepali: माया (māyā)

→ Tamil: மாயை (māyai)

→ Thai: มายา (maa-yaa)

Most likely a derivative of मा (mā, “measure, magic, binding, fettering”), though derivation from a seṭ-variant of मन् (man, “to think, suppose”) is also possible. Cognate with Bulgarian мая (maja, “distract, enchant, delay”).


माया

māyā́ (romanization)
माया (nominative singular)
मायाम् (accusative singular)
मायया (instrumental singular)
माया1 (instrumental singular)
मायायै (dative singular)
मायायाः (ablative singular)
मायायै2 (ablative singular)
मायायाः (genitive singular)
मायायै2 (genitive singular)
मायायाम् (locative singular)
माये (singular vocative)

→ English: Maya

(poetry, in the dual, māye indrasya) name of 2 sāmans


पद

padá (romanization)
m (rare)
पदम् (nominative singular)
पदे (dual nominative)
पदानि (nominative plural)
पदा1 (nominative plural)
पदम् (accusative singular)
पदे (accusative dual)
पदानि (accusative plural)
पदा1 (accusative plural)
पदेन (instrumental singular)
पदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पदैः (instrumental plural)
पदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पदाय (dative singular)
पदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पदेभ्यः (dative plural)
पदात् (ablative singular)
पदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पदस्य (genitive singular)
पदयोः (dual genitive)
पदानाम् (genitive plural)
पदे (locative singular)
पदयोः (dual locative)
पदेषु (locative plural)
पद (singular vocative)
पदे (dual vocative)
पदानि (plural vocative)
पदा1 (plural vocative)
पदः (nominative singular)
पदौ (dual nominative)
पदा1 (dual nominative)
पदाः (nominative plural)
पदासः1 (nominative plural)
पदम् (accusative singular)
पदौ (accusative dual)
पदा1 (accusative dual)
पदान् (accusative plural)
पदेन (instrumental singular)
पदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पदैः (instrumental plural)
पदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पदाय (dative singular)
पदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पदेभ्यः (dative plural)
पदात् (ablative singular)
पदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पदस्य (genitive singular)
पदयोः (dual genitive)
पदानाम् (genitive plural)
पदे (locative singular)
पदयोः (dual locative)
पदेषु (locative plural)
पद (singular vocative)
पदौ (dual vocative)
पदा1 (dual vocative)
पदाः (plural vocative)
पदासः1 (plural vocative)
पाद (alternative)

Pali: pada

→ Old Javanese: pada

→ Tamil: பாதம் (pātam), பதவி (patavi)

→ Telugu: పదము (padamu)

→ Bengali: পদ (pod)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *padám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *padám, from Proto-Indo-European *pedóm, originally meaning 'trace, bottom', from *ped- (“step, footprint”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέδον (pédon, “floor, ground”), Hittite 𒁉𒂊𒁕𒀭 (pēdan, “floor, ground; place”), Old Norse fet (“step”), Old Armenian հետ (het, “footprint, track”).

(poetry) a verse, a quarter or line of a stanza


स्वर

sa-noun

स्वर • (svára, svará) stem, m (root स्वर्)

svára (romanization)
svará (romanization)
स्वर ् (root)
स्वरः (nominative singular)
स्वरौ (dual nominative)
स्वरा1 (dual nominative)
स्वराः (nominative plural)
स्वरासः1 (nominative plural)
स्वरम् (accusative singular)
स्वरौ (accusative dual)
स्वरा1 (accusative dual)
स्वरान् (accusative plural)
स्वरेण (instrumental singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वरैः (instrumental plural)
स्वरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्वराय (dative singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वरेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वरात् (ablative singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वरस्य (genitive singular)
स्वरयोः (dual genitive)
स्वराणाम् (genitive plural)
स्वरे (locative singular)
स्वरयोः (dual locative)
स्वरेषु (locative plural)
स्वर (singular vocative)
स्वरौ (dual vocative)
स्वरा1 (dual vocative)
स्वराः (plural vocative)
स्वरासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Kapampangan: siwala

→ Khmer: សូរ (sou)

desctree

→ Malay: suara
Indonesian: suara
→ Kapampangan: siuala
→ Maguindanao: suala
→ Tausug: swara

→ Old Javanese: swara, sora
Javanese: ꦱ꧀ꦮꦫ (swara), ꦱꦾꦫ (syara), ꦱꦸꦮꦫ (suwara)
→ Balinese: ᬲ᭄ᬯᬭ (suara)
>? Javanese: ꦱꦿꦮ (srawa)
> Javanese: ꦱꦺꦴꦫ (sora, “loud”) (inherited)
>? Malay: sorak
> Indonesian: sorak (inherited)

→ Tamil: ஸ்வரம் (svaram), சுரம் (curam)

→ Telugu: స్వరము (svaramu)

From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound”).

inh

दीर्घ स्वर

ह्रस्व स्वर


कल

kala (romanization)
कलः (nominative singular)
कलौ (dual nominative)
कलाः (nominative plural)
कलम् (accusative singular)
कलौ (accusative dual)
कलान् (accusative plural)
कलेन (instrumental singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कलैः (instrumental plural)
कलाय (dative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कलात् (ablative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कलस्य (genitive singular)
कलयोः (dual genitive)
कलानाम् (genitive plural)
कले (locative singular)
कलयोः (dual locative)
कलेषु (locative plural)
कल (singular vocative)
कलौ (dual vocative)
कलाः (plural vocative)

(poetry) time equal to four matras or instants


तनु

tanu (romanization)
तनुः (nominative singular)
तनू (dual nominative)
तनवः (nominative plural)
तनुम् (accusative singular)
तनू (accusative dual)
तनूः (accusative plural)
तन्वा (instrumental singular)
तनुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तनुभिः (instrumental plural)
तनवे (dative singular)
तन्वै1 (dative singular)
तनुभ्याम् (dative dual)
तनुभ्यः (dative plural)
तनोः (ablative singular)
तन्वाः1 (ablative singular)
तन्वै2 (ablative singular)
तनुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तनुभ्यः (ablative plural)
तनोः (genitive singular)
तन्वाः1 (genitive singular)
तन्वै2 (genitive singular)
तन्वोः (dual genitive)
तनूनाम् (genitive plural)
तनौ (locative singular)
तन्वाम्1 (locative singular)
तन्वोः (dual locative)
तनुषु (locative plural)
तनो (singular vocative)
तनू (dual vocative)
तनवः (plural vocative)
तनुः (nominative singular)
तनू (dual nominative)
तनवः (nominative plural)
तनुम् (accusative singular)
तनू (accusative dual)
तनून् (accusative plural)
तनुना (instrumental singular)
तन्वा1 (instrumental singular)
तनुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तनुभिः (instrumental plural)
तनवे (dative singular)
तन्वे1 (dative singular)
तनुभ्याम् (dative dual)
तनुभ्यः (dative plural)
तनोः (ablative singular)
तन्वः1 (ablative singular)
तनुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तनुभ्यः (ablative plural)
तनोः (genitive singular)
तन्वः1 (genitive singular)
तन्वोः (dual genitive)
तनूनाम् (genitive plural)
तनौ (locative singular)
तन्वोः (dual locative)
तनुषु (locative plural)
तनो (singular vocative)
तनू (dual vocative)
तनवः (plural vocative)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: تۆنُ (tonu)

Pali: tanu

Prakrit: 𑀢𑀡𑀼 (taṇu), 𑀢𑀡𑀼𑀅 (taṇua)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: তনূ (tonu)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: तणुवाँ (taṇuwā̃)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ތުނި (tuni)

Sinhalese: තුනු (tunu)

→ Hindustani: tanu, tan

Hindi: तनु, तन

Urdu: تَنُ (tanu), تَن (tan)

→ Kannada: ತನು (tanu)

→ Marathi: तनु (tanu) (learned)

→ Odia: ତନୁ (tanu) (learned), Odia: ତନୁଃ (tanuḥ)

→ Tamil: தனு (taṉu)

→ Telugu: తనువు (tanuvu)

Variant of तनू (tanū́), from Proto-Indo-European *tenuh₂- (“body”).


विराज्

virā́j (romanization)
विराज्ञी (nominative singular)
विराज्ञ्यौ (dual nominative)
विराज्ञी1 (dual nominative)
विराज्ञ्यः (nominative plural)
विराज्ञीः1 (nominative plural)
विराज्ञीम् (accusative singular)
विराज्ञ्यौ (accusative dual)
विराज्ञी1 (accusative dual)
विराज्ञीः (accusative plural)
विराज्ञ्या (instrumental singular)
विराज्ञीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विराज्ञीभिः (instrumental plural)
विराज्ञ्यै (dative singular)
विराज्ञीभ्याम् (dative dual)
विराज्ञीभ्यः (dative plural)
विराज्ञ्याः (ablative singular)
विराज्ञ्यै2 (ablative singular)
विराज्ञीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विराज्ञीभ्यः (ablative plural)
विराज्ञ्याः (genitive singular)
विराज्ञ्यै2 (genitive singular)
विराज्ञ्योः (dual genitive)
विराज्ञीनाम् (genitive plural)
विराज्ञ्याम् (locative singular)
विराज्ञ्योः (dual locative)
विराज्ञीषु (locative plural)
विराज्ञि (singular vocative)
विराज्ञ्यौ (dual vocative)
विराज्ञी1 (dual vocative)
विराज्ञ्यः (plural vocative)
विराज्ञीः1 (plural vocative)

Compound of वि (ví, “apart, asunder”) + राज् (rā́j, “to rule”).

com+

/ʋi.ɾɑ́ːd͡ʑ/


रामायण

rāmāyaṇa (romanization)
रामायणम् (nominative singular)
रामायणे (dual nominative)
रामायणानि (nominative plural)
रामायणम् (accusative singular)
रामायणे (accusative dual)
रामायणानि (accusative plural)
रामायणेन (instrumental singular)
रामायणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रामायणैः (instrumental plural)
रामायणाय (dative singular)
रामायणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रामायणेभ्यः (dative plural)
रामायणात् (ablative singular)
रामायणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रामायणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रामायणस्य (genitive singular)
रामायणयोः (dual genitive)
रामायणानाम् (genitive plural)
रामायणे (locative singular)
रामायणयोः (dual locative)
रामायणेषु (locative plural)
रामायण (singular vocative)
रामायणे (dual vocative)
रामायणानि (plural vocative)

Prakrit: रामायण (rāmāyaṇa)

Takka Apabhramsa: 𑆫𑆳𑆩𑆳𑆪𑆟 (rāmāyaṇa)

desc

رَامَايَانَا

Arabic: رَامَايَانَا (rāmāyānā)

Arabic: رَامَايَانَا (rāmāyānā)

Armenian: Ռամայանա (Ṙamayana)

Assamese: ৰামায়ণ (ramayon)

Bengali: রামায়ণ (ramaẏon)

Burmese: ရာမာယဏ (ramaya.na.)

→ Chinese: 羅摩衍那 /罗摩衍那 (Luómóyǎnnà)

Czech: Rámájana

English: Ramayana

Georgian: რამაიანა (ramaiana)

French: Ramayana

→ Vietnamese: Ra-ma-ya-na

Gujarati: રામાયણ (rāmāyaṇ)

Greek: Ραμαγιάνα (Ramagiána)

Hindustani:

Hindi: रामायण (rāmāyaṇ)

Urdu: رَامَایَن (rāmāyan), رَامَائِن (rāmā‘in)

Hungarian: Rámájana

Japanese: ラーマーヤナ (Rāmāyana)

Kannada: ರಾಮಾಯಣ (rāmāyaṇa)

Konkani: rāmāyaṇ

Devanagari script: रामायण

Kannada script: ರಾಮಾಯಣ್

Latin script: Ramayonn

Korean: 라마야나 (ramayana)

Malayalam: രാമായണം (rāmāyaṇaṁ)

Manipuri: ꯔꯥꯃꯥꯌꯟ (rāmāyan)

Marwari: रामायण (rāmāyaṇ)

→ Middle Chinese: 邏摩衍拏 (MC laH ma yenX nrae)

Nepali: रामायण (rāmāyaṇ)

Odia: ରାମାୟଣ (rāmāyaṇa)

Old Marathi: 𑘨𑘰𑘦𑘰𑘧𑘜 (rāmāyaṇa)

Marathi: रामायण (rāmāyaṇ)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਰਮਾਇਣ (ramāiṇa), ਰਾਮਾਇਣ (rāmāiṇa)

Shahmukhi script: رمائن (rmā'in), رامائن (rāmā'in)

Persian: رامایانا (râmâyânâ)

Russian: Рамаяна (Ramajana)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: رامائـِڻُ

Tamil: இராமாயணம் (irāmāyaṇam)

Telugu: రామాయణము (rāmāyaṇamu)

Thai: รามายณะ (raa-maa-yá-ná)

/ɾɑː.mɑː.jɐ.ɳɐ/

Compound of राम (rāma, “Rāma”) + अयन (ayana, “course”), literally “course[s] of Rāma”.

com+

(Classical Sanskrit, Hinduism, literature) Ramayana


दण्डक

(poetry) a class of metres the stanzas of which may extend from 4 x 27 to 4X 999 syllables


कथासरित्सागर

sa-proper noun

कथासरित्सागर • (kathāsaritsāgara) stem, m

desc

కథాసరిత్సాగరము

→ Telugu: కథాసరిత్సాగరము (kathāsaritsāgaramu)

/kɐ.t̪ʰɑː.s̪ɐ.ɾit̪.s̪ɑː.ɡɐ.ɾɐ/

कथा (kathā, “story”) + सरित् (sarit) + सागर (sāgara, “ocean”).


शिखा

śíkhā (romanization)
शिखा (nominative singular)
शिखे (dual nominative)
शिखाः (nominative plural)
शिखाम् (accusative singular)
शिखे (accusative dual)
शिखाः (accusative plural)
शिखया (instrumental singular)
शिखा1 (instrumental singular)
शिखाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिखाभिः (instrumental plural)
शिखायै (dative singular)
शिखाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिखाभ्यः (dative plural)
शिखायाः (ablative singular)
शिखायै2 (ablative singular)
शिखाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिखाभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिखायाः (genitive singular)
शिखायै2 (genitive singular)
शिखयोः (dual genitive)
शिखानाम् (genitive plural)
शिखायाम् (locative singular)
शिखयोः (dual locative)
शिखासु (locative plural)
शिखे (singular vocative)
शिखे (dual vocative)
शिखाः (plural vocative)

Pali: sikhā

desc

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀳𑀸 (sihā), 𑀲𑀺𑀳𑀮𑀻 (sihalī), 𑀙𑀺𑀳𑀮𑀻 (chihalī)

Sinhalese: සී (sī)


अभ्यास

→ Hindi: अभ्यास (abhyās)

→ Kannada: ಅಭ್ಯಾಸ (abhyāsa)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: abhyāsa, bhyāsa, byasa
>? Javanese: ꦧꦶꦱ (bisa)
→ Malay: بياسا (biasa)
> Indonesian: biasa (inherited)

→ Old Marathi: 𑘀𑘥𑘿𑘧𑘰𑘭 (abhyāsa)

→ Marathi: अभ्यास (abhyās)

→ Tamil: அப்பியாசம் (appiyācam)

→ Telugu: అభ్యాసము (abhyāsamu)

From the root अभ्यस् (abhyas, “to concentrate on, repeat, practice”).

(poetry) repetition of the last verse of a stanza or of the last word of a chapter


तारक

tāraka (romanization)
तारकः (nominative singular)
तारकौ (dual nominative)
तारका1 (dual nominative)
तारकाः (nominative plural)
तारकासः1 (nominative plural)
तारकम् (accusative singular)
तारकौ (accusative dual)
तारका1 (accusative dual)
तारकान् (accusative plural)
तारकेण (instrumental singular)
तारकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तारकैः (instrumental plural)
तारकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तारकाय (dative singular)
तारकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तारकेभ्यः (dative plural)
तारकात् (ablative singular)
तारकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तारकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तारकस्य (genitive singular)
तारकयोः (dual genitive)
तारकाणाम् (genitive plural)
तारके (locative singular)
तारकयोः (dual locative)
तारकेषु (locative plural)
तारक (singular vocative)
तारकौ (dual vocative)
तारका1 (dual vocative)
तारकाः (plural vocative)
तारकासः1 (plural vocative)

/t̪ɑː.ɾɐ.kɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hstar-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr.


काक

Dardic:

Gawar-Bati: کوٹو (káuṭɔ)

Indus Kohistani: qā

Kashmiri: کاو (kāv)

Khowar: کاغ (kaġ)

Pashayi:

Northwest Pashayi: kāīk, kaī

Shina: کاں (kā̃)

Kohistani Shina: کاہ (kāh)

Torwali: کک (kak)

Pali: kāka, kākī

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀬 (kāya), 𑀓𑀸𑀈 (kāī)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀕 (kāga)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Old Hindi:

Hindustani:

Hindi: काग (kāg)

Urdu: کَاگ (kāg)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Early Assamese:

Assamese: কাউৰী (kauri), কোৱা (küa)

Sylheti: ꠇꠣꠃꠀ (xaua), ꠇꠣꠅꠅꠣ (xaooa)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: काग (kāg)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Lahnda: کاں (kā̃)

Punjabi: kā̃

Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਂ (kā̃)

Shahmukhi script: کاں (kāṉ)

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: kā̃

Arabic script: ڪَان

Devanagari script: कां

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ކާޅު (kāḷu), ކައުޅު (kauḷu)

Sinhalese: කා (kā)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀅 (kāa) (see there for further descendants)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀕 (kāga)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: કાગ (kāg), કાગડો (kāgḍo)

⇒ Prakrit: *𑀓𑀸𑀓-𑀉𑀓 (*kāka-uka)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: *𑀓𑀸𑀕-𑀉𑀕 (*kāga-uga)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindustani:

Hindi: कौआ (kauā)

Urdu: کَوّا (kavvā)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: কাউয়া (kauẏa)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: कउआ (kauā)

Odia: କାଉ (kāu)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: कव (kaw)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: कौ (kau)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Lahnda: کاءں (kāũ)

desc

Punjabi: ਕਂਉ (kãu), ਕਊਆ (kaūā), ਕਾਉਣੀ (kāuṇī)

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: kā̃ũ

Arabic script: ڪَاءُن

Devanagari script: काउं

Southern:

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: काऊ (kāū)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: કાઉ (kāu)

⇒ Prakrit: *𑀓𑀸𑀓-𑀭 (*kāka-ra)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: কাউৰী (kauri)

⇒ Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀓𑀮 (kākala)

Southern:

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: kāvḷo

Devanagari script: कावळो

Kannada script: ಕಾವ್ಳೊ

Latin script: kavllo

Marathi: कावळा (kāvḷā)

Imitative, similar to Old High German kā (“crow, jackdaw”), Middle Low German kâ (“crow, jackdaw”) or Derived from Proto-Dravidian *kākkay.

onomatopoeic

Imitative


चूडामणि

sa-noun

चूडामणि • (cūḍāmaṇi) stem, m

चूडा (cūḍā, “a crest”) + मणि (maṇi, “a jewel”).