संधि

saṃdhí (romanization)
संधिः (nominative singular)
संधी (dual nominative)
संधयः (nominative plural)
संधे (singular vocative)
संधी (dual vocative)
संधयः (plural vocative)
संधिम् (accusative singular)
संधी (accusative dual)
संधीन् (accusative plural)
संधिना (instrumental singular)
संधिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संधिभिः (instrumental plural)
संधये (dative singular)
संधिभ्याम् (dative dual)
संधिभ्यः (dative plural)
संधेः (ablative singular)
संधिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संधिभ्यः (ablative plural)
संधेः (genitive singular)
संध्योः (dual genitive)
संधीनाम् (genitive plural)
संधौ (locative singular)
संध्योः (dual locative)
संधिषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine i-stem declension of संधि

→ English: sandhi

→ Marathi: संधी (sandhī)

→ Tamil: சந்தி (canti)


अभ्र

abhrá (romanization)
अभ्रम् (nominative singular)
अभ्रे (dual nominative)
अभ्राणि (nominative plural)
अभ्रा1 (nominative plural)
अभ्र (singular vocative)
अभ्रे (dual vocative)
अभ्राणि (plural vocative)
अभ्रा1 (plural vocative)
अभ्रम् (accusative singular)
अभ्रे (accusative dual)
अभ्राणि (accusative plural)
अभ्रा1 (accusative plural)
अभ्रेण (instrumental singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अभ्रैः (instrumental plural)
अभ्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अभ्राय (dative singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
अभ्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
अभ्रात् (ablative singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अभ्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अभ्रस्य (genitive singular)
अभ्रयोः (dual genitive)
अभ्राणाम् (genitive plural)
अभ्रे (locative singular)
अभ्रयोः (dual locative)
अभ्रेषु (locative plural)
अभ्रः (nominative singular)
अभ्रौ (dual nominative)
अभ्रा1 (dual nominative)
अभ्राः (nominative plural)
अभ्रासः1 (nominative plural)
अभ्र (singular vocative)
अभ्रौ (dual vocative)
अभ्रा1 (dual vocative)
अभ्राः (plural vocative)
अभ्रासः1 (plural vocative)
अभ्रम् (accusative singular)
अभ्रौ (accusative dual)
अभ्रा1 (accusative dual)
अभ्रान् (accusative plural)
अभ्रेण (instrumental singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अभ्रैः (instrumental plural)
अभ्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अभ्राय (dative singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
अभ्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
अभ्रात् (ablative singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अभ्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अभ्रस्य (genitive singular)
अभ्रयोः (dual genitive)
अभ्राणाम् (genitive plural)
अभ्रे (locative singular)
अभ्रयोः (dual locative)
अभ्रेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: اوٚبُر (obur)

Devanagari script: ऒबुर (obur)

Pali: abbha, ambu, ambha

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀩𑁆𑀪 (abbha)

Gujarati: આભ (ābha)

Hindi: आभ (ābh)

Marwari: आभौ (ābhau)

→ Bengali: অভ্র (obhro) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *abʰrás (“cloud”), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (aβra), Persian ابر (abr), Latin imber and Ancient Greek ἀφρός (aphrós).


शिश्न

śiśná (romanization)
शिश्नः (nominative singular)
शिश्नौ (dual nominative)
शिश्ना1 (dual nominative)
शिश्नाः (nominative plural)
शिश्नासः1 (nominative plural)
शिश्न (singular vocative)
शिश्नौ (dual vocative)
शिश्ना1 (dual vocative)
शिश्नाः (plural vocative)
शिश्नासः1 (plural vocative)
शिश्नम् (accusative singular)
शिश्नौ (accusative dual)
शिश्ना1 (accusative dual)
शिश्नान् (accusative plural)
शिश्नेन (instrumental singular)
शिश्नाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिश्नैः (instrumental plural)
शिश्नेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शिश्नाय (dative singular)
शिश्नाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिश्नेभ्यः (dative plural)
शिश्नात् (ablative singular)
शिश्नाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिश्नेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिश्नस्य (genitive singular)
शिश्नयोः (dual genitive)
शिश्नानाम् (genitive plural)
शिश्ने (locative singular)
शिश्नयोः (dual locative)
शिश्नेषु (locative plural)
शिश्नम् (nominative singular)
शिश्ने (dual nominative)
शिश्नानि (nominative plural)
शिश्ना1 (nominative plural)
शिश्न (singular vocative)
शिश्ने (dual vocative)
शिश्नानि (plural vocative)
शिश्ना1 (plural vocative)
शिश्नम् (accusative singular)
शिश्ने (accusative dual)
शिश्नानि (accusative plural)
शिश्ना1 (accusative plural)
शिश्नेन (instrumental singular)
शिश्नाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिश्नैः (instrumental plural)
शिश्नेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शिश्नाय (dative singular)
शिश्नाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिश्नेभ्यः (dative plural)
शिश्नात् (ablative singular)
शिश्नाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिश्नेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिश्नस्य (genitive singular)
शिश्नयोः (dual genitive)
शिश्नानाम् (genitive plural)
शिश्ने (locative singular)
शिश्नयोः (dual locative)
शिश्नेषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: শিশ্ন (śiśno)

→ Hindi: शिश्न (śiśna)

→ Gujarati: શિશ્ન (śiśna)

→ Kannada: ಶಿಶ್ನ (śiśna)

→ Telugu: శిశ్నము (śiśnamu)

→ Malayalam: ശിശ്നം (śiśnaṁ)

→ Urdu: ششن (śiśna)

Reduplication of the root श्नथ् (śnath, “to pierce”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćnatʰ- (“to strike, to pierce”). Related to Avestan 𐬯𐬥𐬀𐬚𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬌 (snaθəṇti, “to strike”).


हृदय

hṛ́daya (romanization)
हृदयम् (nominative singular)
हृदये (dual nominative)
हृदयानि (nominative plural)
हृदया1 (nominative plural)
हृदय (singular vocative)
हृदये (dual vocative)
हृदयानि (plural vocative)
हृदया1 (plural vocative)
हृदयम् (accusative singular)
हृदये (accusative dual)
हृदयानि (accusative plural)
हृदया1 (accusative plural)
हृदयेन (instrumental singular)
हृदयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हृदयैः (instrumental plural)
हृदयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हृदयाय (dative singular)
हृदयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हृदयेभ्यः (dative plural)
हृदयात् (ablative singular)
हृदयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हृदयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हृदयस्य (genitive singular)
हृदययोः (dual genitive)
हृदयानाम् (genitive plural)
हृदये (locative singular)
हृदययोः (dual locative)
हृदयेषु (locative plural)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀅𑀅 (hiaa), 𑀳𑀟𑀓 (haḍaka), 𑀳𑀟𑀓𑁆𑀓 (haḍakka)

Assamese: হিয়া (hia)

Bengali: হিয়া (hiẏa)

Hindi: हिया (hiyā)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀳𑀮𑀅 (halaa)

Paisaci Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀢𑀅 (hitaa), 𑀳𑀺𑀢𑀧 (hitapa)

Gandhari: 𐨱𐨁𐨡𐨩 (hidaya)

→ Old Marathi: हृदा (hṛdā)

desctree

Pali: hadaya
→ Lao: ຫະໄທ (ha thai)
→ Thai: หทัย

Punjabi: ਹਿਰਦਾ (hirdā), ਹੀਆ (hīā)

Romani: ilo

→ Assamese: হৃদয় (hridoy)

→ Bengali: হৃদয় (hridoẏ)

→ Hindi: हृदय (hŕday)

→ Old Javanese: hṛdaya
> Javanese: ꦲꦽꦢꦪ (hredaya), ꦮꦂꦢꦪ (wardaya), ꦢꦪ (daya) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬳᬺᬤᬬ (hredaya)

→ Old Javanese: darya, daya

→ Marathi: हृदय (hŕday)

→ Tamil: இதயம் (itayam)

→ Telugu: హృదయము (hr̥dayamu)

→ Thai: หฤทัย (hà-rʉ́-tai)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱerd-
Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗrder.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰŕ̥dayam
Sanskrit हृदय (hṛdaya)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰŕ̥dayam, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥d-, oblique case stem of *ḱḗr (“heart”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬛 (zərəd); Ancient Greek καρδίᾱ (kardíā) → English cardiac; Hittite 𒆠𒅕 (kir), Old Church Slavonic срьдьцє (srĭdĭce), Lithuanian širdìs; Latin cors, cord- → English cordial; Old English heorte (whence English heart).

etymon

यां पू॑षन्ब्रह्म॒चोद॑नी॒मारां॒ बिभ॑र्ष्याघृणे ।
तया॑ समस्य॒ हृद॑य॒मा रि॑ख किकि॒रा कृ॑णु ॥
yā́ṃ pūṣanbrahmacódanīmā́rāṃ bíbharṣyāghṛṇe.
táyā samasya hṛ́dayamā́ rikha kikirā́ kṛṇu.

Resplendent Pūṣan, with that food-propelling goad which you bear, abrade the heart of every miser, and render it relaxed.


ललाट

lalā́ṭa (romanization)
ललाटम् (nominative singular)
ललाटे (dual nominative)
ललाटानि (nominative plural)
ललाटा1 (nominative plural)
ललाट (singular vocative)
ललाटे (dual vocative)
ललाटानि (plural vocative)
ललाटा1 (plural vocative)
ललाटम् (accusative singular)
ललाटे (accusative dual)
ललाटानि (accusative plural)
ललाटा1 (accusative plural)
ललाटेन (instrumental singular)
ललाटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ललाटैः (instrumental plural)
ललाटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ललाटाय (dative singular)
ललाटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ललाटेभ्यः (dative plural)
ललाटात् (ablative singular)
ललाटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ललाटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ललाटस्य (genitive singular)
ललाटयोः (dual genitive)
ललाटानाम् (genitive plural)
ललाटे (locative singular)
ललाटयोः (dual locative)
ललाटेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: ललाट (lalāṭ)

→ Telugu: లలాటము (lalāṭamu)

/lɐ.lɑ́ː.ʈɐ/

/l̪ɐˈl̪ɑː.ʈɐ/


शिरस्

śíras (romanization)
शिरः (nominative singular)
शिरसी (dual nominative)
शिरांसि (nominative plural)
शिरः (singular vocative)
शिरसी (dual vocative)
शिरांसि (plural vocative)
शिरः (accusative singular)
शिरसी (accusative dual)
शिरांसि (accusative plural)
शिरसा (instrumental singular)
शिरोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिरोभिः (instrumental plural)
शिरसे (dative singular)
शिरोभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिरोभ्यः (dative plural)
शिरसः (ablative singular)
शिरोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिरोभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिरसः (genitive singular)
शिरसोः (dual genitive)
शिरसाम् (genitive plural)
शिरसि (locative singular)
शिरसोः (dual locative)
शिरःसु (locative plural)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)

Awadhi: सिर (sir)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: [script needed] (hīrü)

desc

Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (šīr)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: සිර (sira)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)

Assamese: সিৰ (xir)

Bengali: শির (śir)

Maithili: सिर (sir)

Odia: ସିର (sira)

Pali: siras

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)

Garhwali: सिर (sir)

Gujarati: સિર (sir)

Hindustani:

Hindi: सिर (sir)

Urdu: سر (sir)

Kumaoni: सिर (sir)

Nepali: सिर (sira)

Punjabi: ਸਿਰ (sir), سر (sir)

desctree

Romani: śero, shero (Anglicized), šero (Pan-Vlax)
→ Hungarian: séró

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćŕ̥Has, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱŕ̥h₂-os, from *ḱerh₂- (“head”); see there for more. Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬭𐬀 (sāra), Persian سر (sar), Latin cerebrum.

इ॒दं ह्यन्वोज॑सा सु॒तं रा॑धानां पते । पिबा॒ त्व१॒॑स्य गि॑र्वणः ॥ यस्ते॒ अनु॑ स्व॒धामस॑त्सु॒ते नि य॑च्छ त॒न्वं॑ । स त्वा॑ ममत्तु सो॒म्यं ॥ प्र ते॑ अश्नोतु कु॒क्ष्योः प्रेन्द्र॒ ब्रह्म॑णा॒ शिरः॑ । प्र बा॒हू शू॑र॒ राध॑से ॥

So, Lord of affluent gifts, this juice hath been pressed for thee with strength. Drink of it, thou who lovest song. Incline thy body to this juice which suits thy Godlike nature well. May it cheer thee who lovest it. Brave Indra, let it work through both thy flanks, and through thy head by prayer, and through thine arms, to prosper us.

idáṃ hyánvójasā sutáṃ rādhānāṃ pate. píbā tvàsyá girvaṇaḥ. yáste ánu svadhā́másatsuté ní yaccha tanvàṃ. sá tvā mamattu somyáṃ. prá te aśnotu kukṣyóḥ préndra bráhmaṇā śíraḥ. prá bāhū́ śūra rā́dhase.


अंस

áṃsa (romanization)
अंसः (nominative singular)
अंसौ (dual nominative)
अंसा1 (dual nominative)
अंसाः (nominative plural)
अंसासः1 (nominative plural)
अंस (singular vocative)
अंसौ (dual vocative)
अंसा1 (dual vocative)
अंसाः (plural vocative)
अंसासः1 (plural vocative)
अंसम् (accusative singular)
अंसौ (accusative dual)
अंसा1 (accusative dual)
अंसान् (accusative plural)
अंसेन (instrumental singular)
अंसाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंसैः (instrumental plural)
अंसेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अंसाय (dative singular)
अंसाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंसेभ्यः (dative plural)
अंसात् (ablative singular)
अंसाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंसेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंसस्य (genitive singular)
अंसयोः (dual genitive)
अंसानाम् (genitive plural)
अंसे (locative singular)
अंसयोः (dual locative)
अंसेषु (locative plural)

Pali: aṃsa

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀲 (aṃsa)

Hindi: हाँस (hā̃s)

→ Odia: ଅଂସ (aṁsa)

→ Marathi: अंश (auśa)

→ Tamil: அம்ஸம் (amsam)

→ Telugu: అంసము (aṁsamu)

→ Malayalam: അംസം (aṁsaṁ)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂óms-o-s (“shoulder”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὦμος (ômos, “shoulder”), Latin umerus (“shoulder”) (whence English humerus); Gothic 𐌰𐌼𐍃 (ams, “shoulder”).

ऋष्टयो वो मरुतो अंसयोर् अधि सह ओजो बाह्वोर् वो बलं हितम्।

Borne on both shoulders, O ye Maruts, are your spears: within your arms is laid your energy and strength.

ṛṣṭayo vo maruto aṃsayor adhi saha ojo bāhvor vo balaṃ hitam.


जानु

jā́nu (romanization)
जानु (nominative singular)
जानुनी (dual nominative)
जानूनि (nominative plural)
जानु1 (nominative plural)
जानू1 (nominative plural)
जानु (singular vocative)
जानो (singular vocative)
जानुनी (dual vocative)
जानूनि (plural vocative)
जानु1 (plural vocative)
जानू1 (plural vocative)
जानु (accusative singular)
जानुनी (accusative dual)
जानूनि (accusative plural)
जानु1 (accusative plural)
जानू1 (accusative plural)
जानुना (instrumental singular)
जान्वा1 (instrumental singular)
जानुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जानुभिः (instrumental plural)
जानुने (dative singular)
जानवे1 (dative singular)
जान्वे1 (dative singular)
जानुभ्याम् (dative dual)
जानुभ्यः (dative plural)
जानुनः (ablative singular)
जानोः1 (ablative singular)
जान्वः1 (ablative singular)
जानुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जानुभ्यः (ablative plural)
जानुनः (genitive singular)
जानोः1 (genitive singular)
जान्वः1 (genitive singular)
जानुनोः (dual genitive)
जानूनाम् (genitive plural)
जानुनि (locative singular)
जानौ1 (locative singular)
जानुनोः (dual locative)
जानुषु (locative plural)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: දන (dana)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Lahnda:

Khetrani: [script needed] (jā̃ṇu)

Pali: jānu

→ Telugu: జానువు (jānuvu)

/ˈd͡ʑɑː.n̪u/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ā́nu (“knee”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu (“knee”).
Cognate with Old Armenian ծունգք (cungkʻ), Ancient Greek γόνυ (gónu, “knee”), Latin genu (“knee”), Avestan 𐬰𐬁𐬥𐬎 (zānu), Persian زانو (zânu), Old English cnēow (whence English knee)).

आच्या जानु दक्षिणतो निषद्येमं यज्ञमभि गृणीत विश्वे ।
मा हिंसिष्ट पितरः केन चिन्नो यद्व आगः पुरुषता कराम ॥
ācyā jānu dakṣiṇato niṣadyemaṃ yajñamabhi gṛṇīta viśve.

Bowing your bended knees and seated southward, accept this sacrifice of ours with favour.
Punish us not for any sin, O Fathers, which we through human frailty have committed.

mā hiṃsiṣṭa pitaraḥ kena cinno yadva āgaḥ puruṣatā karāma.


कल

kala (romanization)
कलम् (nominative singular)
कले (dual nominative)
कलानि (nominative plural)
कल (singular vocative)
कले (dual vocative)
कलानि (plural vocative)
कलम् (accusative singular)
कले (accusative dual)
कलानि (accusative plural)
कलेन (instrumental singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कलैः (instrumental plural)
कलाय (dative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कलात् (ablative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कलस्य (genitive singular)
कलयोः (dual genitive)
कलानाम् (genitive plural)
कले (locative singular)
कलयोः (dual locative)
कलेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">कल</i>


शिर

śira (romanization)
शिरः (nominative singular)
शिरौ (dual nominative)
शिरा1 (dual nominative)
शिराः (nominative plural)
शिरासः1 (nominative plural)
शिर (singular vocative)
शिरौ (dual vocative)
शिरा1 (dual vocative)
शिराः (plural vocative)
शिरासः1 (plural vocative)
शिरम् (accusative singular)
शिरौ (accusative dual)
शिरा1 (accusative dual)
शिरान् (accusative plural)
शिरेण (instrumental singular)
शिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिरैः (instrumental plural)
शिरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शिराय (dative singular)
शिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिरेभ्यः (dative plural)
शिरात् (ablative singular)
शिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिरस्य (genitive singular)
शिरयोः (dual genitive)
शिराणाम् (genitive plural)
शिरे (locative singular)
शिरयोः (dual locative)
शिरेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Pashayi: šero

desc

Kashmiri: ह्यरि॒ (hyari॒), हीरू॒ (hīrū॒)

desctree

Old Javanese: śirah
Javanese: ꦱꦶꦫꦃ (sirah)
→ Sundanese: ᮞᮤᮛᮂ (sirah)
→ Balinese: ᬰᬶᬭᬄ → ᬲᬶᬭᬄ (sirah)

Pali: sira

→ Sinhalese: සිර (sira)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)

Punjabi: ਸਿਰ (sir), ਸਿਰੀ (sirī)

Sindhi: 𑋝𑋡𑋙𑋣 (siru), 𑋝𑋡𑋙𑋢 (sirī)

West Pahāṛī: śir,śirī

Churahi: 𑚧𑚮𑚤

Kumaoni: सिर

Nepali: सिर (sira)

Assamese: শিৰ (xir)

Bengali: শির (śir)

Odia: ଶିର (śira)

Maithili: 𑒮𑒱𑒩 (sira)

Awadhi: 𑂮𑂱𑂩

desc

Hindi: सिर (sir), सिरा (sirā), सिरी (sirī)

Gujarati: સિર (sir)

Marathi: 𑘫𑘲𑘨 (śīr), शीर (śīr)

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head”); see there for more. Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬀 (sara).


अण्ड

aṇḍá (romanization)
अण्डः (nominative singular)
अण्डौ (dual nominative)
अण्डाः (nominative plural)
अण्ड (singular vocative)
अण्डौ (dual vocative)
अण्डाः (plural vocative)
अण्डम् (accusative singular)
अण्डौ (accusative dual)
अण्डान् (accusative plural)
अण्डेन (instrumental singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अण्डैः (instrumental plural)
अण्डाय (dative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
अण्डात् (ablative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अण्डस्य (genitive singular)
अण्डयोः (dual genitive)
अण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
अण्डे (locative singular)
अण्डयोः (dual locative)
अण्डेषु (locative plural)
अण्डम् (nominative singular)
अण्डे (dual nominative)
अण्डानि (nominative plural)
अण्ड (singular vocative)
अण्डे (dual vocative)
अण्डानि (plural vocative)
अण्डम् (accusative singular)
अण्डे (accusative dual)
अण्डानि (accusative plural)
अण्डेन (instrumental singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अण्डैः (instrumental plural)
अण्डाय (dative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
अण्डात् (ablative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अण्डस्य (genitive singular)
अण्डयोः (dual genitive)
अण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
अण्डे (locative singular)
अण्डयोः (dual locative)
अण्डेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अण्ड

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">अण्ड</i>

Ashokan Prakrit:

Bengali: আঁড় (ãṛ), আণ্ডা (anḍa)

Konkani: अंड (aṇḍa), अंडें (aṇḍẽ)

Punjabi: ਆਂਡਾੱ (āṇḍā)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀟 (aṃḍa)

desc

Hindi: अंडा (aṇḍā), आँड़ (ā̃ṛ)

Hindi: अंडा (aṇḍā), आँड़ (ā̃ṛ)

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: ઈંડું (ī̃ḍũ)

Romani: anro

Dardic:

Kalasha: ónḍrak (“egg”), ond'rak

Kunar:

Gawar-Bati: aṇḍa

Shumashti: aṛa

Pashayi:

Northeast Pashayi: āndō (Kurangali)

Northwest Pashayi: āṇḍā (Laurowani)

Southeast Pashayi: ãṛa (Wegali)

Pali: aṇḍa

→ Bengali: অণ্ড (onḍo)

→ Kannada: ಅಂಡ (aṇḍa)

→ Malayalam: അണ്ഡം (aṇḍaṁ)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: aṇḍa (“egg; world egg”)
→ Balinese: ᬅᬡ᭄ᬥ (anda, “egg”)

→ Tamil: அண்டம் (aṇṭam)

→ Telugu: అండము (aṇḍamu)

From an earlier Vedic Sanskrit आण्ड (āṇḍá).


कर्ण

kárṇa (romanization)
कर्णः (nominative singular)
कर्णौ (dual nominative)
कर्णा1 (dual nominative)
कर्णाः (nominative plural)
कर्णासः1 (nominative plural)
कर्ण (singular vocative)
कर्णौ (dual vocative)
कर्णा1 (dual vocative)
कर्णाः (plural vocative)
कर्णासः1 (plural vocative)
कर्णम् (accusative singular)
कर्णौ (accusative dual)
कर्णा1 (accusative dual)
कर्णान् (accusative plural)
कर्णेन (instrumental singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्णैः (instrumental plural)
कर्णेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कर्णाय (dative singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्णात् (ablative singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्णस्य (genitive singular)
कर्णयोः (dual genitive)
कर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
कर्णे (locative singular)
कर्णयोः (dual locative)
कर्णेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Grangali: kō̃

Indus Kohistani: kaṇa, kān

Kalami: kan

Kalasha: kọ̃

Kashmiri: کَن (kan), کَنّ

Phalura: کاݨ (kāṇ)

Shina: کون (kon), کوݨ (koṇí)

Kohistani Shina: کݨ (kuṇ), کءاݨ (kuāṇə)

→ Domaaki: کون (kon)

Shumashti: kō̃ṛ

Tirahi: kana

Torwali: کان (kaṇ)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kanə, kan

Pali: kaṇṇa

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡 (kaṇṇa)
Central:
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
Awadhi: कान (kān)
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Hindustani: kān
Hindi: कान
Urdu: کان (kān)
Romani: kan
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
Avahattha: 𑖎𑖜𑖿𑖜 (kaṇṇa), कण्ण (kaṇṇa)
Bengali-Assamese:
Assamese: কাণ (kan), কান (kan)
Bengali: কান (kan)
Hajong: কান
Bihari:
Bhojpuri: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Kaithi script: 𑂍𑂰𑂢
Magahi: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Kaithi script: 𑂍𑂰𑂢
Maithili: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Tirhuta script: 𑒏𑒰𑒢
Odia: କାନ (kāna)
Northern:
Khasa Prakrit:
Central Pahari:
Kumaoni: कान (kān)
Eastern Pahari:
Nepali: कान (kān)
Western Pahari:
Bhadrawahi: कन्न (kann)
Chambeali: कन्न (kann)
Northwestern:
Paisaci Prakrit:
Takka Apabhramsa:
Lahnda: کَنّ (kann), کَن (kan)
Punjabi: kann
Gurmukhi script: ਕੰਨ
Shahmukhi script: کَنّ
Vracada Apabhramsa:
Sindhi: kanu
Arabic script: ڪَنُ
Devanagari script: कनु
Kachchi: કન (kan)
Southern:
Helu Prakrit:
⇒ Dhivehi: ކަންފަތް (kan̊fat̊)
Sinhalese: කන (kana), කණ (kaṇa)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Konkani: kānu
Devanagari script: कानु
Latin script: kanu
Kannada script: ಕಾನು
Old Marathi: kāna
Modi script: 𑘎𑘰𑘡
Devanagari script: कान
Marathi: कान (kān)
Western:
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Old Gujarati: कान (kāna)
Gujarati: કાન (kān)
Old Marwari: कान (kān)

→ Bengali: কর্ণ (korno)

→ English: Karna

→ Hindi: कर्ण (karṇ)

→ Old Javanese: karṇa
> Javanese: ꦏꦂꦤ (karna) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬓᬃᬡ (karna)

⇒ Tamil: கன்னம் (kaṉṉam)

⇒ Malayalam: കർണ്ണം (kaṟṇṇaṁ)

desc

⇒ Telugu: కర్ణుడు (karṇuḍu), కర్ణము (karṇamu)

→ Thai: กรรณ (gan)

Of uncertain origin.
Likely related to Persian کر (kar, “deaf”), and perhaps to Old Church Slavonic крънъ (krŭnŭ, “mutilated (esp. of the ears and nose)”); however, Fraenkel's presupposition that "defect of the ear" was the original meaning of the common root and that Sanskrit later developed the more basal meaning of "ear" from the "defect" meaning is suspect.
Pischel takes the original meaning as "point, spike"; under this view, कर्णक (karṇaka, “lateral protrusion; fork”) could be related. However, a convincing etymological path for this has not been found.
Zupitsa connects this with Russian Church Slavonic črĕnъ, from a common root meaning "handle, grip".
Finally, others have connected this word to शृणोति (śṛṇóti, “to listen, hear”).


वायु

vāyú (romanization)
वा (root)
वायुः (nominative singular)
वायू (dual nominative)
वायवः (nominative plural)
वायो (singular vocative)
वायू (dual vocative)
वायवः (plural vocative)
वायुम् (accusative singular)
वायू (accusative dual)
वायून् (accusative plural)
वायुना (instrumental singular)
वाय्वा1 (instrumental singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वायुभिः (instrumental plural)
वायवे (dative singular)
वाय्वे1 (dative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dative dual)
वायुभ्यः (dative plural)
वायोः (ablative singular)
वाय्वः1 (ablative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वायुभ्यः (ablative plural)
वायोः (genitive singular)
वाय्वः1 (genitive singular)
वाय्वोः (dual genitive)
वायूनाम् (genitive plural)
वायौ (locative singular)
वाय्वोः (dual locative)
वायुषु (locative plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwaHyúš
Sanskrit वायु (vāyu)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwaHyúš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁yús (“wind, air”), from *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬎 (vaiiu), Lithuanian vejas.

inh

(medicine) the windy humour or any morbid affection of it


पायु

pā́yu (romanization)
पायुः (nominative singular)
पायू (dual nominative)
पायवः (nominative plural)
पायो (singular vocative)
पायू (dual vocative)
पायवः (plural vocative)
पायुम् (accusative singular)
पायू (accusative dual)
पायून् (accusative plural)
पायुना (instrumental singular)
पाय्वा1 (instrumental singular)
पायुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पायुभिः (instrumental plural)
पायवे (dative singular)
पाय्वे1 (dative singular)
पायुभ्याम् (dative dual)
पायुभ्यः (dative plural)
पायोः (ablative singular)
पाय्वः1 (ablative singular)
पायुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पायुभ्यः (ablative plural)
पायोः (genitive singular)
पाय्वः1 (genitive singular)
पाय्वोः (dual genitive)
पायूनाम् (genitive plural)
पायौ (locative singular)
पाय्वोः (dual locative)
पायुषु (locative plural)


कोश

kóśa (romanization)
कोशः (nominative singular)
कोशौ (dual nominative)
कोशा1 (dual nominative)
कोशाः (nominative plural)
कोशासः1 (nominative plural)
कोश (singular vocative)
कोशौ (dual vocative)
कोशा1 (dual vocative)
कोशाः (plural vocative)
कोशासः1 (plural vocative)
कोशम् (accusative singular)
कोशौ (accusative dual)
कोशा1 (accusative dual)
कोशान् (accusative plural)
कोशेन (instrumental singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोशैः (instrumental plural)
कोशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कोशाय (dative singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोशेभ्यः (dative plural)
कोशात् (ablative singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोशस्य (genitive singular)
कोशयोः (dual genitive)
कोशानाम् (genitive plural)
कोशे (locative singular)
कोशयोः (dual locative)
कोशेषु (locative plural)
कोशम् (nominative singular)
कोशे (dual nominative)
कोशानि (nominative plural)
कोशा1 (nominative plural)
कोश (singular vocative)
कोशे (dual vocative)
कोशानि (plural vocative)
कोशा1 (plural vocative)
कोशम् (accusative singular)
कोशे (accusative dual)
कोशानि (accusative plural)
कोशा1 (accusative plural)
कोशेन (instrumental singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोशैः (instrumental plural)
कोशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कोशाय (dative singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोशेभ्यः (dative plural)
कोशात् (ablative singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोशस्य (genitive singular)
कोशयोः (dual genitive)
कोशानाम् (genitive plural)
कोशे (locative singular)
कोशयोः (dual locative)
कोशेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: কোশ (küx)

→ Bengali: কোশ (kōś), কোষ (kōś)

→ English: kosha

→ Hindi: कोश (koś)

→ Malay: kosa

Indonesian: kosa

Nepali: कोश् (koś) / कोसो (koso)

→ Odia: କୋଷ (kosha)

Sindhi: ڪوشُ

→ Tamil: கோசம் (kōcam)

→ Telugu: కోశము (kōśamu)

→ Thai: โกศ (gòot)

Pali: kosa

desc

→ Punjabi: ਕੋਸ਼ (koś, “store, glossary, lexicon”)

Probably from the verb कुश्यति (kuśyati, “to embrace, enfold”), related to कुक्षि (kukṣí, “belly, interior”) and कोष्ठ (koṣṭha, “viscera of the body”), or from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káwćas, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kówH-ḱo-s, probably from *(s)kewH-. Compare Kamkata-viri kuć, kyuć, Lithuanian káušas.


मल

mála (romanization)
m in later language (also)
मलम् (nominative singular)
मले (dual nominative)
मलानि (nominative plural)
मला1 (nominative plural)
मल (singular vocative)
मले (dual vocative)
मलानि (plural vocative)
मला1 (plural vocative)
मलम् (accusative singular)
मले (accusative dual)
मलानि (accusative plural)
मला1 (accusative plural)
मलेन (instrumental singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मलैः (instrumental plural)
मलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मलाय (dative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मलात् (ablative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मलस्य (genitive singular)
मलयोः (dual genitive)
मलानाम् (genitive plural)
मले (locative singular)
मलयोः (dual locative)
मलेषु (locative plural)
मलः (nominative singular)
मलौ (dual nominative)
मला1 (dual nominative)
मलाः (nominative plural)
मलासः1 (nominative plural)
मल (singular vocative)
मलौ (dual vocative)
मला1 (dual vocative)
मलाः (plural vocative)
मलासः1 (plural vocative)
मलम् (accusative singular)
मलौ (accusative dual)
मला1 (accusative dual)
मलान् (accusative plural)
मलेन (instrumental singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मलैः (instrumental plural)
मलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मलाय (dative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मलात् (ablative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मलस्य (genitive singular)
मलयोः (dual genitive)
मलानाम् (genitive plural)
मले (locative singular)
मलयोः (dual locative)
मलेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *málas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *málas, from Proto-Indo-European *mélh₂-os, from *melh₂- (“black”). Cognate with Ancient Greek μέλας (mélas), Old Prussian melne.

(medicine) any bodily excretion or secretion (especially those of the dhatus, described as phlegm from chyle, bile from the blood, nose mucus and ear wax from the flesh, perspiration from the fat, nails and hair from the bones, rheum of the eye from the brain)


मणि

maṇí (romanization)
मणिः (nominative singular)
मणी (dual nominative)
मणयः (nominative plural)
मणे (singular vocative)
मणी (dual vocative)
मणयः (plural vocative)
मणिम् (accusative singular)
मणी (accusative dual)
मणीन् (accusative plural)
मणिना (instrumental singular)
मण्या1 (instrumental singular)
मणिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मणिभिः (instrumental plural)
मणये (dative singular)
मणिभ्याम् (dative dual)
मणिभ्यः (dative plural)
मणेः (ablative singular)
मण्यः1 (ablative singular)
मणिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मणिभ्यः (ablative plural)
मणेः (genitive singular)
मण्यः1 (genitive singular)
मण्योः (dual genitive)
मणीनाम् (genitive plural)
मणौ (locative singular)
मणा1 (locative singular)
मण्योः (dual locative)
मणिषु (locative plural)

Pali: maṇi

→ Burmese: မဏိ (ma.ni.)

→ Hindi: मणि (maṇi)

→ Malayalam: മണി (maṇi)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: maṇi, maṇik
Javanese: ꦩꦤꦶꦏ꧀ (manik)
→ Balinese: ᬫᬡᬷᬓ᭄ (manik)

→ Tamil: மணி (maṇi)

→ Telugu: మణి (maṇi)

→ Urdu: منی (manī)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *maníṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *maníš, from Proto-Indo-European *mon-is (“ornament, jewel”), from *mon- (“neck”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬎-𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌 (zar^ənu-maⁱni, “with a golden neck ornament”), Latin monile (“jewel”), Old Norse men (“necklace”), Old English mene (“necklace”).

cog

𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬎-𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌

c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā


अपस्मार

apasmāra (romanization)
अपस्मारः (nominative singular)
अपस्मारौ (dual nominative)
अपस्माराः (nominative plural)
अपस्मार (singular vocative)
अपस्मारौ (dual vocative)
अपस्माराः (plural vocative)
अपस्मारम् (accusative singular)
अपस्मारौ (accusative dual)
अपस्मारान् (accusative plural)
अपस्मारेण (instrumental singular)
अपस्माराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अपस्मारैः (instrumental plural)
अपस्माराय (dative singular)
अपस्माराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अपस्मारेभ्यः (dative plural)
अपस्मारात् (ablative singular)
अपस्माराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अपस्मारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अपस्मारस्य (genitive singular)
अपस्मारयोः (dual genitive)
अपस्माराणाम् (genitive plural)
अपस्मारे (locative singular)
अपस्मारयोः (dual locative)
अपस्मारेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अपस्मार

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्मारेभ्यः

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्मारेभ्यः

अपस्माराणाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्मारेभ्यः

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्मारेभ्यः

अपस्माराणाम्

Hindi: अपस्मार (apasmār)

→ Tocharian B: apasmār


मस्त

masta (romanization)
मस्तः (nominative singular)
मस्तौ (dual nominative)
मस्ताः (nominative plural)
मस्त (singular vocative)
मस्तौ (dual vocative)
मस्ताः (plural vocative)
मस्तम् (accusative singular)
मस्तौ (accusative dual)
मस्तान् (accusative plural)
मस्तेन (instrumental singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मस्तैः (instrumental plural)
मस्ताय (dative singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
मस्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
मस्तात् (ablative singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मस्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मस्तस्य (genitive singular)
मस्तयोः (dual genitive)
मस्तानाम् (genitive plural)
मस्ते (locative singular)
मस्तयोः (dual locative)
मस्तेषु (locative plural)
मस्तम् (nominative singular)
मस्ते (dual nominative)
मस्तानि (nominative plural)
मस्त (singular vocative)
मस्ते (dual vocative)
मस्तानि (plural vocative)
मस्तम् (accusative singular)
मस्ते (accusative dual)
मस्तानि (accusative plural)
मस्तेन (instrumental singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मस्तैः (instrumental plural)
मस्ताय (dative singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
मस्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
मस्तात् (ablative singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मस्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मस्तस्य (genitive singular)
मस्तयोः (dual genitive)
मस्तानाम् (genitive plural)
मस्ते (locative singular)
मस्तयोः (dual locative)
मस्तेषु (locative plural)

Pali: mattha

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀣 (mattha) (see there for further descendants)

दण्डकमण्डलुमण्डितहस्तः सुललिततिलकविभूषितमस्तः ।

His hands adorned with a stick and a kamandalu, his beautiful forehead decorated with a tilak […]


मुख

मुख ॑ (canonical)
múkha (romanization)
मुखम् (nominative singular)
मुखे (dual nominative)
मुखानि (nominative plural)
मुखा1 (nominative plural)
मुख (singular vocative)
मुखे (dual vocative)
मुखानि (plural vocative)
मुखा1 (plural vocative)
मुखम् (accusative singular)
मुखे (accusative dual)
मुखानि (accusative plural)
मुखा1 (accusative plural)
मुखेन (instrumental singular)
मुखाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मुखैः (instrumental plural)
मुखेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मुखाय (dative singular)
मुखाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मुखेभ्यः (dative plural)
मुखात् (ablative singular)
मुखाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मुखेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मुखस्य (genitive singular)
मुखयोः (dual genitive)
मुखानाम् (genitive plural)
मुखे (locative singular)
मुखयोः (dual locative)
मुखेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Khowar: موخ (mux)

Shina: مُک (muk)

desctree

Pali: mukha
→ Burmese: မုခ် (muhk)
→ Shan: မုၵ်ႈ (mūk)

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀳 (muha) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

→ Assamese: মুখ (mukh)

→ Bengali: মুখ (mukh)

→ Gujarati: મુખ (mukh)

→ Hindi: मुख (mukh)

→ Kannada: ಮುಖ (mukha)

→ Khmer: មុខ (muk)

→ Malay: muka

Indonesian: muka

→ Malayalam: മുഖം (mukhaṁ)

→ Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘳𑘏 (mukha)
Marathi: मुख (mukh)

→ Nepali: मुख (mukh)

→ Punjabi: ਮੁਖ (mukh)

→ Marwari:

Devanagari script: मुखड़ौ (mukhṛau)

desc

Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅒𑅖𑅲𑅒 (mukhṛu /mukhṛau/)

→ Tamil: முகம் (mukam)

→ Tagalog: mukhâ

→ Telugu: ముఖము (mukhamu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *múkʰam
Sanskrit मुख॑ (múkha)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *múkʰam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *múkʰam, from earlier *múkHam, with further origin uncertain.
According to Pokorny, ultimately from Dravidian and not related to Proto-Indo-European *mū- (“lips, muzzle”) (Proto-Germanic *mūlō, English mutter, Latin muttiō).
However, Mayrhofer considers an Indo-European derivation to be more likely, taking Proto-Indo-European *mu- to mean "a vocal gesture for pressed lips", and compares Ancient Greek μῠχός (mukhós, “innermost part of a place”), μῦθος (mûthos, “word”), and German Maul (“mouth (of an animal)”). According to him, the possibility of a borrowing from Dravidian (compare Tamil முகம் (mukam, “face”)) or "pan-Asiatic" is possible but unlikely due to the root's presence in Vedic texts and Iranian languages.

etymon

मुख॑


मण्डल

máṇḍala (romanization)
मण्डलम् (nominative singular)
मण्डले (dual nominative)
मण्डलानि (nominative plural)
मण्डला1 (nominative plural)
मण्डल (singular vocative)
मण्डले (dual vocative)
मण्डलानि (plural vocative)
मण्डला1 (plural vocative)
मण्डलम् (accusative singular)
मण्डले (accusative dual)
मण्डलानि (accusative plural)
मण्डला1 (accusative plural)
मण्डलेन (instrumental singular)
मण्डलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मण्डलैः (instrumental plural)
मण्डलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मण्डलाय (dative singular)
मण्डलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मण्डलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मण्डलात् (ablative singular)
मण्डलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मण्डलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मण्डलस्य (genitive singular)
मण्डलयोः (dual genitive)
मण्डलानाम् (genitive plural)
मण्डले (locative singular)
मण्डलयोः (dual locative)
मण्डलेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: māṇḍal (“coffin”), māṇḍau

Kashmiri: manḍul (“circle”)

Devanagari script: मन्डुल

Arabic script: مانڈل

Pali: maṇḍala

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀟𑀮 (maṃḍala) (see there for further descendants)

→ Bengali: মণ্ডল (monḍol) (learned)

→ Hindi: मंडल (maṇḍal) (learned)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: maṇḍala
Javanese: ꦩꦤ꧀ꦝꦭ (mandhala), ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭ (mandala)
→ Balinese: ᬫᬡ᭄ᬟᬮ (mandala)

→ Punjabi: ਮੰਡਲ (maṇḍal) (learned)

→ Tamil: மண்டலம் (maṇṭalam) (learned)

→ Thai: มณฑล (mon-ton)

/mɐ́ɳ.ɖɐ.lɐ/

/ˈmɐɳ.ɖɐ.l̪ɐ/

Etymology tree
Sanskrit *मण्ड (maṇḍa)?
Sanskrit -ल (-la)?
Sanskrit मण्डल (maṇḍala)
Unknown. Several theories have been proposed:
* Mayrhofer and Turner agree on *मण्ड (maṇḍa, “round”) + -ल (-la), based on the lexeme found in the Classical compounds नौमण्ड (naumaṇḍa, “chief part of a ship”), मण्डचरवन्त् (maṇḍacaravant, “as if going in a circle; having a noose (?)”). Further etymology is unknown, but Dardic descendants may support a non-retroflexed *मन्द (manda) as the ultimate source.
** Mayrhofer proposes the following Indo-European cognates: Proto-Slavic *mǫdo (“testicle”) if the retroflexion is spontaneous, or Old Irish mell (“ball”) (> modern Irish meall) if we assume l-induced retroflexion of *mel-nd- under Fortunatov's law.
** Burrow, later supported by Turner, proposes borrowing from Proto-Dravidian *maṇḍ- (“to be bent”), with cognates Tamil மண்டி (maṇṭi, “kneeling”), முடலை (muṭalai, “ball, globe”).
* Tedesco proposes वृत्त (vṛtta, “round”) + -ल (-la), undergoing Prakrit-like sound changes via ad-hoc intermediate *वट्टल (vaṭṭala) > *वण्टल (vaṇṭala) > *वण्डल (vaṇḍala). He furthermore proposes initial v- > m- as a common Middle Indo-Aryan sound change; see मुण्ड (muṇḍa, “bald”) for more. Turner rejects this etymology on phonological grounds.
* Borrowed from substrate language. Compare Nihali मौड्ढारी (moḍḍhārī, “triangle”), for the "triangle" sense in the Caturvargacintāmaṇi.


जघन

jaghana (romanization)
जघनः (nominative singular)
जघनौ (dual nominative)
जघनाः (nominative plural)
जघन (singular vocative)
जघनौ (dual vocative)
जघनाः (plural vocative)
जघनम् (accusative singular)
जघनौ (accusative dual)
जघनान् (accusative plural)
जघनेन (instrumental singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जघनैः (instrumental plural)
जघनाय (dative singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जघनेभ्यः (dative plural)
जघनात् (ablative singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जघनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जघनस्य (genitive singular)
जघनयोः (dual genitive)
जघनानाम् (genitive plural)
जघने (locative singular)
जघनयोः (dual locative)
जघनेषु (locative plural)
जघनम् (nominative singular)
जघने (dual nominative)
जघनानि (nominative plural)
जघन (singular vocative)
जघने (dual vocative)
जघनानि (plural vocative)
जघनम् (accusative singular)
जघने (accusative dual)
जघनानि (accusative plural)
जघनेन (instrumental singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जघनैः (instrumental plural)
जघनाय (dative singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जघनेभ्यः (dative plural)
जघनात् (ablative singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जघनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जघनस्य (genitive singular)
जघनयोः (dual genitive)
जघनानाम् (genitive plural)
जघने (locative singular)
जघनयोः (dual locative)
जघनेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of जघन

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">जघन</i>

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰongʰ- (“dirty”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κοχώνη (kokhṓnē, “crotch”).


चिबुक

cibuka (romanization)
चिबुकम् (nominative singular)
चिबुके (dual nominative)
चिबुकानि (nominative plural)
चिबुका1 (nominative plural)
चिबुक (singular vocative)
चिबुके (dual vocative)
चिबुकानि (plural vocative)
चिबुका1 (plural vocative)
चिबुकम् (accusative singular)
चिबुके (accusative dual)
चिबुकानि (accusative plural)
चिबुका1 (accusative plural)
चिबुकेन (instrumental singular)
चिबुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चिबुकैः (instrumental plural)
चिबुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चिबुकाय (dative singular)
चिबुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चिबुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
चिबुकात् (ablative singular)
चिबुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चिबुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चिबुकस्य (genitive singular)
चिबुकयोः (dual genitive)
चिबुकानाम् (genitive plural)
चिबुके (locative singular)
चिबुकयोः (dual locative)
चिबुकेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀘𑀺𑀩𑀼𑀅 (cibua)

ref

Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “chúbuka”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 560

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “cibuka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 262

c. 600 BCE – 200 BCE, Caraka, Caraka Saṃhitā

लम्बकर्णललाटां च लम्बोदरपयोधराम् ।
लम्बौष्ठीं चुबुकौष्ठीं च लम्बास्यां लम्बजानुकाम् ॥
lambakarṇalalāṭāṃ ca lambodarapayodharām.

[Hanuman saw demonesses] having hanging ears on the forehead, another having a long belly till the breast, another having big hanging lips, another had long lips hanging up to the chin, another having a long face and another having long knees.

lambauṣṭhīṃ cubukauṣṭhīṃ ca lambāsyāṃ lambajānukām.


कण्ठ

kaṇṭhá (romanization)
कण्ठः (nominative singular)
कण्ठौ (dual nominative)
कण्ठा1 (dual nominative)
कण्ठाः (nominative plural)
कण्ठासः1 (nominative plural)
कण्ठ (singular vocative)
कण्ठौ (dual vocative)
कण्ठा1 (dual vocative)
कण्ठाः (plural vocative)
कण्ठासः1 (plural vocative)
कण्ठम् (accusative singular)
कण्ठौ (accusative dual)
कण्ठा1 (accusative dual)
कण्ठान् (accusative plural)
कण्ठेन (instrumental singular)
कण्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कण्ठैः (instrumental plural)
कण्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कण्ठाय (dative singular)
कण्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कण्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
कण्ठात् (ablative singular)
कण्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कण्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कण्ठस्य (genitive singular)
कण्ठयोः (dual genitive)
कण्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
कण्ठे (locative singular)
कण्ठयोः (dual locative)
कण्ठेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: कंठ (kaṇṭh)

→ Kannada: ಕಂಠ (kaṇṭha)

→ Punjabi: ਕੰਠ (kaṇṭh)

→ Telugu: కంఠము (kaṇṭhamu)

Borrowed from Dravidian, compare Tulu ಕಂಟೆಲ್ (kaṇṭelŭ).


विमान

ví-māna (romanization)
विमानम् (nominative singular)
विमाने (dual nominative)
विमानानि (nominative plural)
विमान (singular vocative)
विमाने (dual vocative)
विमानानि (plural vocative)
विमानम् (accusative singular)
विमाने (accusative dual)
विमानानि (accusative plural)
विमानेन (instrumental singular)
विमानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विमानैः (instrumental plural)
विमानाय (dative singular)
विमानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
विमानेभ्यः (dative plural)
विमानात् (ablative singular)
विमानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विमानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विमानस्य (genitive singular)
विमानयोः (dual genitive)
विमानानाम् (genitive plural)
विमाने (locative singular)
विमानयोः (dual locative)
विमानेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">विमान</i>

विमानाभ्याम्

विमानाभ्याम्

विमानाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

विमानाभ्याम्

विमानाभ्याम्

विमानाभ्याम्

→ Bengali: বিমান (biman)

→ English: vimana

→ Gujarati: વિમાન (vimān)

→ Kannada: ವಿಮಾನ (vimāna)

→ Hindi: विमान (vimān)

→ Malayalam: വിമാനം (vimānaṁ)

→ Marathi: विमान (vimān)

→ Odia: ବିମାନ (bimāna)

→ Punjabi: ਵਿਮਾਨ (vimān)

→ Burmese: ဗိမာန် (bi.man)

→ Tamil: விமானம் (vimāṉam)

→ Telugu: విమానము (vimānamu)

→ Urdu: ومان (vimān)

/ʋiˈmɑː.n̪ɐ/

(medicine) the science of (right) measure or proportion (e.g. of the right relation between the humours of the body, of medicines and remedies etc.) (Car.)


गृह्य

gṛhya (romanization)
गृह्यम् (nominative singular)
गृह्ये (dual nominative)
गृह्यानि (nominative plural)
गृह्य (singular vocative)
गृह्ये (dual vocative)
गृह्यानि (plural vocative)
गृह्यम् (accusative singular)
गृह्ये (accusative dual)
गृह्यानि (accusative plural)
गृह्येन (instrumental singular)
गृह्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गृह्यैः (instrumental plural)
गृह्याय (dative singular)
गृह्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
गृह्येभ्यः (dative plural)
गृह्यात् (ablative singular)
गृह्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गृह्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
गृह्यस्य (genitive singular)
गृह्ययोः (dual genitive)
गृह्यानाम् (genitive plural)
गृह्ये (locative singular)
गृह्ययोः (dual locative)
गृह्येषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">गृह्य</i>

गृह्याभ्याम्

गृह्याभ्याम्

गृह्याभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

गृह्याभ्याम्

गृह्याभ्याम्

गृह्याभ्याम्


विशेष

viśeṣa (romanization)
विशेषः (nominative singular)
विशेषौ (dual nominative)
विशेषाः (nominative plural)
विशेष (singular vocative)
विशेषौ (dual vocative)
विशेषाः (plural vocative)
विशेषम् (accusative singular)
विशेषौ (accusative dual)
विशेषान् (accusative plural)
विशेषेण (instrumental singular)
विशेषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विशेषैः (instrumental plural)
विशेषाय (dative singular)
विशेषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
विशेषेभ्यः (dative plural)
विशेषात् (ablative singular)
विशेषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विशेषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विशेषस्य (genitive singular)
विशेषयोः (dual genitive)
विशेषाणाम् (genitive plural)
विशेषे (locative singular)
विशेषयोः (dual locative)
विशेषेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of विशेष

विशेषाभ्याम्

विशेषाभ्याम्

विशेषाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

विशेषाभ्याम्

विशेषाभ्याम्

विशेषाभ्याम्

→ Hindi: विशेष (viśeṣ)

→ Kannada: ವಿಶೇಷ (viśēṣa)

→ Malay: wisesa

Indonesian: wisésa

→ Newar: विशेष (wiśeṣa)

→ Old Javanese: wiśeṣa

Javanese: ꦮꦶꦱꦺꦱ (wisésa)

→ Old Khmer: viśeṣa, biśeṣa

desc

→ Thai: วิเศษ (wí-sèet), พิเศษ (pí-sèet)

desctree

Pali: visesa
→ Burmese: ဝိသေသ (wi.sesa.)
→ Khmer: វិសេស (visaeh)

→ Punjabi: ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ (viśeś)

desc

→ Tamil: விசேடம் (vicēṭam), விசேஷம் (vicēṣam)

वि- (vi-, “separation prefix”) + शेष (śeṣa, “residue, that which is saved”).

af

(medicine) turning point of illness, crisis (Suśr.)


नेत्र

netra (romanization)
नेत्रम् (nominative singular)
नेत्रे (dual nominative)
नेत्राणि (nominative plural)
नेत्रा1 (nominative plural)
नेत्र (singular vocative)
नेत्रे (dual vocative)
नेत्राणि (plural vocative)
नेत्रा1 (plural vocative)
नेत्रम् (accusative singular)
नेत्रे (accusative dual)
नेत्राणि (accusative plural)
नेत्रा1 (accusative plural)
नेत्रेण (instrumental singular)
नेत्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नेत्रैः (instrumental plural)
नेत्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नेत्राय (dative singular)
नेत्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
नेत्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
नेत्रात् (ablative singular)
नेत्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नेत्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नेत्रस्य (genitive singular)
नेत्रयोः (dual genitive)
नेत्राणाम् (genitive plural)
नेत्रे (locative singular)
नेत्रयोः (dual locative)
नेत्रेषु (locative plural)
नेत्रः (nominative singular)
नेत्रौ (dual nominative)
नेत्रा1 (dual nominative)
नेत्राः (nominative plural)
नेत्रासः1 (nominative plural)
नेत्र (singular vocative)
नेत्रौ (dual vocative)
नेत्रा1 (dual vocative)
नेत्राः (plural vocative)
नेत्रासः1 (plural vocative)
नेत्रम् (accusative singular)
नेत्रौ (accusative dual)
नेत्रा1 (accusative dual)
नेत्रान् (accusative plural)
नेत्रेण (instrumental singular)
नेत्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नेत्रैः (instrumental plural)
नेत्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नेत्राय (dative singular)
नेत्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
नेत्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
नेत्रात् (ablative singular)
नेत्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नेत्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नेत्रस्य (genitive singular)
नेत्रयोः (dual genitive)
नेत्राणाम् (genitive plural)
नेत्रे (locative singular)
नेत्रयोः (dual locative)
नेत्रेषु (locative plural)

Pali: netta

→ Bengali: নেত্র (netro)

→ Hindi: नेत्र (netra)

→ Indonesian: netra

→ Malayalam: നേത്രം (nētraṁ)

→ Marathi:

Devanagari script: नेत्र (netra)

Modi script: 𑘡𑘹𑘝𑘿𑘨 (netra)

→ Odia: ନେତ୍ର (nētrå)

→ Telugu: నేత్రము (nētramu)

/ˈn̪eːt̪.ɾɐ/


नयन

nayana (romanization)
नयनम् (nominative singular)
नयने (dual nominative)
नयनाणि (nominative plural)
नयन (singular vocative)
नयने (dual vocative)
नयनाणि (plural vocative)
नयनम् (accusative singular)
नयने (accusative dual)
नयनाणि (accusative plural)
नयनेण (instrumental singular)
नयनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नयनैः (instrumental plural)
नयनाय (dative singular)
नयनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नयनेभ्यः (dative plural)
नयनात् (ablative singular)
नयनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नयनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नयनस्य (genitive singular)
नयनयोः (dual genitive)
नयनाणाम् (genitive plural)
नयने (locative singular)
नयनयोः (dual locative)
नयनेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">नयन</i>

Hindustani:

Hindi: नैन (nain)

Urdu: نَین (nain)

Punjabi: ਨੈਣ (naiṇ)

→ Bengali: নয়ন (noẏon) (learned)

→ Hindi: नयन (nayan) (learned)

→ Malayalam: നയനം (nayanaṁ) (learned)

→ Marathi: नयन (nayan) (learned)

→ Odia: ନୟନ (nayana) (learned)

→ Pali: nayana (learned)

→ Tamil: நயனம் (nayaṉam) (learned)

→ Telugu: నయనము (nayanamu) (learned)

A compound of नय् (nay, “to guide, lead”) + -अन (-ana); the sense of "eye" is due to the fact that it is the primary sensory or "guiding" organ.


अङ्गुली

aṅgulī (romanization)
अङ्गुली (nominative singular)
अङ्गुल्यौ (dual nominative)
अङ्गुल्यः (nominative plural)
अङ्गुलि (singular vocative)
अङ्गुल्यौ (dual vocative)
अङ्गुल्यः (plural vocative)
अङ्गुलीम् (accusative singular)
अङ्गुल्यौ (accusative dual)
अङ्गुलीः (accusative plural)
अङ्गुल्या (instrumental singular)
अङ्गुलीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अङ्गुलीभिः (instrumental plural)
अङ्गुल्यै (dative singular)
अङ्गुलीभ्याम् (dative dual)
अङ्गुलीभ्यः (dative plural)
अङ्गुल्याः (ablative singular)
अङ्गुलीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अङ्गुलीभ्यः (ablative plural)
अङ्गुल्याः (genitive singular)
अङ्गुल्योः (dual genitive)
अङ्गुलीनाम् (genitive plural)
अङ्गुल्याम् (locative singular)
अङ्गुल्योः (dual locative)
अङ्गुलीषु (locative plural)

Feminine ī-stem declension of अङ्गुली

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्


पेशी

peśī (romanization)
पेशी (nominative singular)
पेश्यौ (dual nominative)
पेशी1 (dual nominative)
पेश्यः (nominative plural)
पेशीः1 (nominative plural)
पेशि (singular vocative)
पेश्यौ (dual vocative)
पेशी1 (dual vocative)
पेश्यः (plural vocative)
पेशीः1 (plural vocative)
पेशीम् (accusative singular)
पेश्यौ (accusative dual)
पेशी1 (accusative dual)
पेशीः (accusative plural)
पेश्या (instrumental singular)
पेशीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पेशीभिः (instrumental plural)
पेश्यै (dative singular)
पेशीभ्याम् (dative dual)
पेशीभ्यः (dative plural)
पेश्याः (ablative singular)
पेश्यै2 (ablative singular)
पेशीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पेशीभ्यः (ablative plural)
पेश्याः (genitive singular)
पेश्यै2 (genitive singular)
पेश्योः (dual genitive)
पेशीनाम् (genitive plural)
पेश्याम् (locative singular)
पेश्योः (dual locative)
पेशीषु (locative plural)

From the root पिश् (piś, “to hew out, carve, form”).


लोचन

locana (romanization)
लोचनम् (nominative singular)
लोचने (dual nominative)
लोचनानि (nominative plural)
लोचन (singular vocative)
लोचने (dual vocative)
लोचनानि (plural vocative)
लोचनम् (accusative singular)
लोचने (accusative dual)
लोचनानि (accusative plural)
लोचनेन (instrumental singular)
लोचनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोचनैः (instrumental plural)
लोचनाय (dative singular)
लोचनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोचनेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोचनात् (ablative singular)
लोचनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोचनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोचनस्य (genitive singular)
लोचनयोः (dual genitive)
लोचनानाम् (genitive plural)
लोचने (locative singular)
लोचनयोः (dual locative)
लोचनेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">लोचन</i>

→ Bengali: লোচন (lōcon)

→ Odia: ଲୋଚନ (lōcånå)

/ˈl̪oː.t͡ɕɐ.n̪ɐ/

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“to see”). Cognate with Welsh llygad. The Sanskrit root is लोच् (loc).


अरुण

aruṇá (romanization)
अरुणः (nominative singular)
अरुणौ (dual nominative)
अरुणा1 (dual nominative)
अरुणाः (nominative plural)
अरुणासः1 (nominative plural)
अरुण (singular vocative)
अरुणौ (dual vocative)
अरुणा1 (dual vocative)
अरुणाः (plural vocative)
अरुणासः1 (plural vocative)
अरुणम् (accusative singular)
अरुणौ (accusative dual)
अरुणा1 (accusative dual)
अरुणान् (accusative plural)
अरुणेन (instrumental singular)
अरुणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अरुणैः (instrumental plural)
अरुणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अरुणाय (dative singular)
अरुणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अरुणेभ्यः (dative plural)
अरुणात् (ablative singular)
अरुणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अरुणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अरुणस्य (genitive singular)
अरुणयोः (dual genitive)
अरुणानाम् (genitive plural)
अरुणे (locative singular)
अरुणयोः (dual locative)
अरुणेषु (locative plural)

Malayalam: അരുൺ (aruṇ), അരുണൻ (aruṇaṉ)

→ Old Javanese: aruṇa

Telugu: అరుణము (aruṇamu)

Telugu: అరుణ (aruṇa)

Bengali: অরুণ (orun)

Thai: อรุณ (à-run)

(pathology) a kind of leprosy, with red spots and insensibility of the skin


नख

nakhá (romanization)
नखः (nominative singular)
नखौ (dual nominative)
नखा1 (dual nominative)
नखाः (nominative plural)
नखासः1 (nominative plural)
नख (singular vocative)
नखौ (dual vocative)
नखा1 (dual vocative)
नखाः (plural vocative)
नखासः1 (plural vocative)
नखम् (accusative singular)
नखौ (accusative dual)
नखा1 (accusative dual)
नखान् (accusative plural)
नखेन (instrumental singular)
नखाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नखैः (instrumental plural)
नखेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नखाय (dative singular)
नखाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नखेभ्यः (dative plural)
नखात् (ablative singular)
नखाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नखेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नखस्य (genitive singular)
नखयोः (dual genitive)
नखानाम् (genitive plural)
नखे (locative singular)
नखयोः (dual locative)
नखेषु (locative plural)
नखम् (nominative singular)
नखे (dual nominative)
नखानि (nominative plural)
नखा1 (nominative plural)
नख (singular vocative)
नखे (dual vocative)
नखानि (plural vocative)
नखा1 (plural vocative)
नखम् (accusative singular)
नखे (accusative dual)
नखानि (accusative plural)
नखा1 (accusative plural)
नखेन (instrumental singular)
नखाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नखैः (instrumental plural)
नखेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नखाय (dative singular)
नखाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नखेभ्यः (dative plural)
नखात् (ablative singular)
नखाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नखेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नखस्य (genitive singular)
नखयोः (dual genitive)
नखानाम् (genitive plural)
नखे (locative singular)
नखयोः (dual locative)
नखेषु (locative plural)

Pali: nakha

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀳 (ṇaha)

desc

Punjabi: ਨਹਿ (nahi), ਨਹਿੰ (nahĩ), ਨਹੁੰ (nahũ)

Romani: naj

→ Assamese: নখ (nokh)

→ Bengali: নখ (nokh)

→ Gujarati: નખ (nakh)

→ Hindi: नख (nakh)

→ Konkani: नाखूट (nākhūṭ)

→ Marathi: नख (nakh)

→ Odia: ନଖ (nakha)

→ Tamil: நகம் (nakam)

→ Telugu: నఖము (nakhamu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnakʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nogʰ- (“nail”). Cognate with Persian ناخن (nâxon), Central Kurdish نینۆک (nînok), Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux), Latin unguis, Old Armenian եղունգն (ełungn), English nail.

मेहनाद्वनंकरणाल्लोमभ्यस्ते नखेभ्यः ।
यक्ष्मं सर्वस्मादात्मनस्तमिदं वि वृहामि ते ॥
mehanādvanaṃkaraṇāllomabhyaste nakhebhyaḥ.

From what is voided from within, and from thy hair, and from thy nails,
From all thyself from top to toe, I drive thy malady away.

yakṣmaṃ sarvasmādātmanastamidaṃ vi vṛhāmi te.


लिङ्ग

liṅga (romanization)
लिङ्गम् (nominative singular)
लिङ्गे (dual nominative)
लिङ्गानि (nominative plural)
लिङ्गा1 (nominative plural)
लिङ्ग (singular vocative)
लिङ्गे (dual vocative)
लिङ्गानि (plural vocative)
लिङ्गा1 (plural vocative)
लिङ्गम् (accusative singular)
लिङ्गे (accusative dual)
लिङ्गानि (accusative plural)
लिङ्गा1 (accusative plural)
लिङ्गेन (instrumental singular)
लिङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लिङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
लिङ्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लिङ्गाय (dative singular)
लिङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लिङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
लिङ्गात् (ablative singular)
लिङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लिङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लिङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
लिङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
लिङ्गानाम् (genitive plural)
लिङ्गे (locative singular)
लिङ्गयोः (dual locative)
लिङ्गेषु (locative plural)

Pali: liṅga

→ Thai: ลึงค์ (lʉng), ลิงค์ (ling) (or borrowed directly from Sanskrit)

Prakrit: 𑀮𑀺𑀁𑀕 (liṃga) (see there for further descendants)

→ English: lingam

→ Kannada: ಲಿಂಗ (liṅga)

→ Khmer: លិង្គ (lɨng)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *lingás ~ *ringás (“mark, sign, token”). Cognate with Avestan -𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬧𐬔𐬀 (-iriṇga) (attested in 𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬋𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬧𐬔𐬀 (haptōⁱriṇga, “the constellation Ursa Major”, literally “having seven signs”)), Sogdian [script needed] (pryng /paring/, “damask textile with markings on it”) (< *upa-ringa-).

cog

यशोदा नन्दपत्नी च जातं परमबुध्यत। न तल्लिङ्गं परिश्रान्ता निद्रयापगतस्मृतिः॥
yaśodā nandapatnī ca jātaṃ paramabudhyata. na talliṅgaṃ pariśrāntā nidrayāpagatasmṛtiḥ.

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.3.53

Exhausted by the labor of childbirth, Yaśodā, the wife of Nanda, was overwhelmed with sleep and unable to understand what was the gender of the child born to her.

mark, spot, sign, token, badge, form, emblem, characteristic, representation

(anatomy) the sign of gender or sex; organ of generation; genital

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

(Shaivism) lingam; (especially) the phallus of Shiva worshipped in the form of a stone or marble column which generally rises out of a yoni


कृत्य

kṛ́tya (romanization)
कृत्यः (nominative singular)
कृत्यौ (dual nominative)
कृत्या1 (dual nominative)
कृत्याः (nominative plural)
कृत्यासः1 (nominative plural)
कृत्य (singular vocative)
कृत्यौ (dual vocative)
कृत्या1 (dual vocative)
कृत्याः (plural vocative)
कृत्यासः1 (plural vocative)
कृत्यम् (accusative singular)
कृत्यौ (accusative dual)
कृत्या1 (accusative dual)
कृत्यान् (accusative plural)
कृत्येन (instrumental singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्यैः (instrumental plural)
कृत्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृत्याय (dative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्यात् (ablative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्यस्य (genitive singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
कृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्ये (locative singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual locative)
कृत्येषु (locative plural)
कृत्या (nominative singular)
कृत्ये (dual nominative)
कृत्याः (nominative plural)
कृत्ये (singular vocative)
कृत्ये (dual vocative)
कृत्याः (plural vocative)
कृत्याम् (accusative singular)
कृत्ये (accusative dual)
कृत्याः (accusative plural)
कृत्यया (instrumental singular)
कृत्या1 (instrumental singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्याभिः (instrumental plural)
कृत्यायै (dative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्याभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्यायाः (ablative singular)
कृत्यायै2 (ablative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्यायाः (genitive singular)
कृत्यायै2 (genitive singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
कृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्यायाम् (locative singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual locative)
कृत्यासु (locative plural)
कृत्यम् (nominative singular)
कृत्ये (dual nominative)
कृत्यानि (nominative plural)
कृत्या1 (nominative plural)
कृत्य (singular vocative)
कृत्ये (dual vocative)
कृत्यानि (plural vocative)
कृत्या1 (plural vocative)
कृत्यम् (accusative singular)
कृत्ये (accusative dual)
कृत्यानि (accusative plural)
कृत्या1 (accusative plural)
कृत्येन (instrumental singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्यैः (instrumental plural)
कृत्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृत्याय (dative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्यात् (ablative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्यस्य (genitive singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
कृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्ये (locative singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual locative)
कृत्येषु (locative plural)

(medicine) to be treated or attended with


श्रवस्

śrávas (romanization)
श्रवः (nominative singular)
श्रवसी (dual nominative)
श्रवांसि (nominative plural)
श्रवः (singular vocative)
श्रवसी (dual vocative)
श्रवांसि (plural vocative)
श्रवः (accusative singular)
श्रवसी (accusative dual)
श्रवांसि (accusative plural)
श्रवसा (instrumental singular)
श्रवोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रवोभिः (instrumental plural)
श्रवसे (dative singular)
श्रवोभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रवोभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रवसः (ablative singular)
श्रवोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रवोभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रवसः (genitive singular)
श्रवसोः (dual genitive)
श्रवसाम् (genitive plural)
श्रवसि (locative singular)
श्रवसोः (dual locative)
श्रवःसु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀯 (sava)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćráwas, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱléwos (“fame, glory”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬭𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬢𐬵 (srauuaŋh, “word”), Ancient Greek κλέος (kléos, “fame”), Russian сла́ва (sláva), Persian سروب (sarūb).


उल्ब

úlba (romanization)
उल्बम् (nominative singular)
उल्बे (dual nominative)
उल्बानि (nominative plural)
उल्बा1 (nominative plural)
उल्ब (singular vocative)
उल्बे (dual vocative)
उल्बानि (plural vocative)
उल्बा1 (plural vocative)
उल्बम् (accusative singular)
उल्बे (accusative dual)
उल्बानि (accusative plural)
उल्बा1 (accusative plural)
उल्बेन (instrumental singular)
उल्बाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उल्बैः (instrumental plural)
उल्बेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उल्बाय (dative singular)
उल्बाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उल्बेभ्यः (dative plural)
उल्बात् (ablative singular)
उल्बाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उल्बेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उल्बस्य (genitive singular)
उल्बयोः (dual genitive)
उल्बानाम् (genitive plural)
उल्बे (locative singular)
उल्बयोः (dual locative)
उल्बेषु (locative plural)

A late Old Indo-Aryan corruption of an earlier *vĺ̥va-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wĺ̥Hwam, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn”). Akin to Latin vulva; also compare the variant उल्व (úlva).


द्वंद्व

dvaṃdvá (romanization)
द्वंद्वम् (nominative singular)
द्वंद्वे (dual nominative)
द्वंद्वानि (nominative plural)
द्वंद्व (singular vocative)
द्वंद्वे (dual vocative)
द्वंद्वानि (plural vocative)
द्वंद्वम् (accusative singular)
द्वंद्वे (accusative dual)
द्वंद्वानि (accusative plural)
द्वंद्वेन (instrumental singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्वंद्वैः (instrumental plural)
द्वंद्वाय (dative singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्वंद्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
द्वंद्वात् (ablative singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्वंद्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
द्वंद्वस्य (genitive singular)
द्वंद्वयोः (dual genitive)
द्वंद्वानाम् (genitive plural)
द्वंद्वे (locative singular)
द्वंद्वयोः (dual locative)
द्वंद्वेषु (locative plural)
द्वंद्वः (nominative singular)
द्वंद्वौ (dual nominative)
द्वंद्वाः (nominative plural)
द्वंद्व (singular vocative)
द्वंद्वौ (dual vocative)
द्वंद्वाः (plural vocative)
द्वंद्वम् (accusative singular)
द्वंद्वौ (accusative dual)
द्वंद्वान् (accusative plural)
द्वंद्वेन (instrumental singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्वंद्वैः (instrumental plural)
द्वंद्वाय (dative singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्वंद्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
द्वंद्वात् (ablative singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्वंद्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
द्वंद्वस्य (genitive singular)
द्वंद्वयोः (dual genitive)
द्वंद्वानाम् (genitive plural)
द्वंद्वे (locative singular)
द्वंद्वयोः (dual locative)
द्वंद्वेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">द्वंद्व</i>

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वानाम्

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of द्वंद्व

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वानाम्

→ English: dvandva

→ Telugu: ద్వంద్వము (dvandvamu)

/ˈd̪ʋɐn̪d̪.ʋɐ/

A reduplication of the nominative द्व (dva, “two”).

(medicine) a species of disease, a complication of two disorders, a compound affection of two tumors


अधर

ádhara (romanization)
अधरः (nominative singular)
अधरौ (dual nominative)
अधरा1 (dual nominative)
अधराः (nominative plural)
अधरासः1 (nominative plural)
अधर (singular vocative)
अधरौ (dual vocative)
अधरा1 (dual vocative)
अधराः (plural vocative)
अधरासः1 (plural vocative)
अधरम् (accusative singular)
अधरौ (accusative dual)
अधरा1 (accusative dual)
अधरान् (accusative plural)
अधरेण (instrumental singular)
अधराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधरैः (instrumental plural)
अधरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अधराय (dative singular)
अधराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधरेभ्यः (dative plural)
अधरात् (ablative singular)
अधराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधरस्य (genitive singular)
अधरयोः (dual genitive)
अधराणाम् (genitive plural)
अधरे (locative singular)
अधरयोः (dual locative)
अधरेषु (locative plural)

/ˈɐ.d̪ʱɐ.ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hadʰáras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hadʰáras, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)n̥dʰér-o-s, from *(h₁)n̥dʰér(i) (“low; under”). Cognate with Latin īnferus, Old English under (whence English under). The accent shift is irregular.


वदन

vádana (romanization)
वदनम् (nominative singular)
वदने (dual nominative)
वदनानि (nominative plural)
वदना1 (nominative plural)
वदन (singular vocative)
वदने (dual vocative)
वदनानि (plural vocative)
वदना1 (plural vocative)
वदनम् (accusative singular)
वदने (accusative dual)
वदनानि (accusative plural)
वदना1 (accusative plural)
वदनेन (instrumental singular)
वदनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वदनैः (instrumental plural)
वदनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वदनाय (dative singular)
वदनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वदनेभ्यः (dative plural)
वदनात् (ablative singular)
वदनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वदनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वदनस्य (genitive singular)
वदनयोः (dual genitive)
वदनानाम् (genitive plural)
वदने (locative singular)
वदनयोः (dual locative)
वदनेषु (locative plural)

→ Old Javanese: wadana (“face, head”)

Javanese: wadana, wedana (ꦮꦢꦤ, ꦮꦼꦢꦤ)

→ Indonesian: wedana

→ Tamil: வதனம் (vataṉam)

→ Telugu: వదనము (vadanamu)

/ˈʋɐ.d̪ɐ.n̪ɐ/


जाल

jālá (romanization)
जालम् (nominative singular)
जाले (dual nominative)
जालानि (nominative plural)
जाला1 (nominative plural)
जाल (singular vocative)
जाले (dual vocative)
जालानि (plural vocative)
जाला1 (plural vocative)
जालम् (accusative singular)
जाले (accusative dual)
जालानि (accusative plural)
जाला1 (accusative plural)
जालेन (instrumental singular)
जालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जालैः (instrumental plural)
जालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जालाय (dative singular)
जालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जालेभ्यः (dative plural)
जालात् (ablative singular)
जालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जालस्य (genitive singular)
जालयोः (dual genitive)
जालानाम् (genitive plural)
जाले (locative singular)
जालयोः (dual locative)
जालेषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨗𐨫 (jala)

Pali: jāla

desctree

→ Malay: jala
Indonesian: jala
→ Pattani Malay: ยาลอ (jalɔ) (learned)
→? Rade: jal
→ Tagalog: dala
→ Thai: ยะลา (yá-laa)
→ Urak Lawoi': ยฺาลา (jala) (learned)

→ Old Javanese: jāla
Javanese: ꦗꦭ (jala)
→ Balinese: ᬚᬮ (jala)

Of unclear origin. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to braid, twist”) and connected to गरल (garala, “a bundle of grass or hay”) and जटा (jaṭā, “braid of hair”). Kuiper, however, claims Proto-Munda origin for जाल (jāla) and जटा (jaṭā). Alternatively, Forssman suggests a connection with Ancient Greek βάλλω (bállō, “to throw”).

der

/ˈd͡ʑɑː.l̪ɐ/


चिकित्सा

cikitsā (romanization)
चिकित्सा (nominative singular)
चिकित्से (dual nominative)
चिकित्साः (nominative plural)
चिकित्से (singular vocative)
चिकित्से (dual vocative)
चिकित्साः (plural vocative)
चिकित्साम् (accusative singular)
चिकित्से (accusative dual)
चिकित्साः (accusative plural)
चिकित्सया (instrumental singular)
चिकित्सा1 (instrumental singular)
चिकित्साभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चिकित्साभिः (instrumental plural)
चिकित्सायै (dative singular)
चिकित्साभ्याम् (dative dual)
चिकित्साभ्यः (dative plural)
चिकित्सायाः (ablative singular)
चिकित्सायै2 (ablative singular)
चिकित्साभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चिकित्साभ्यः (ablative plural)
चिकित्सायाः (genitive singular)
चिकित्सायै2 (genitive singular)
चिकित्सयोः (dual genitive)
चिकित्सानाम् (genitive plural)
चिकित्सायाम् (locative singular)
चिकित्सयोः (dual locative)
चिकित्सासु (locative plural)

Bengali: চিকিত্সা (cikitśa)

চিকিৎসা (cikitśa)

Gujarati: ચિકિત્સા (cikitsā)

Hindi: चिकित्सा (cikitsā)

Punjabi: ਚਿਕਿਤਸਾ (cikitsā)

Tamil: சிகிச்சை (cikiccai)

Telugu: చికిత్స (cikitsa)

desc

Thai: ติกิจฉา

Thai: ติกิจฉา

From चित् (cit, “to perceive, comprehend”).

(medicine) medical attendance, practice or science of medicine (esp. therapeutics, one of the six sections of medicine)


गुद

Dardic:

Kashmiri: गूद (gūd), گوٗد (gūd)

→ Assamese: গুদ (gud)

→ Bengali: গুদ (gud)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: गुद (gud), गुदा (gudā)

Urdu: گد (gud), گدا (gudā)

→ Malayalam: ഗുദം (gudaṁ)

→ Marathi: गुद (gud)

→ Odia: ଗୁଦ (guda), ଗୁଦା (gudā)

→ Punjabi: ਗੁਦਾ (gudā)

→ Telugu: గుదము (gudamu), గూద (gūda, “prolapse”)

Pali: guda

Prakrit: 𑀕𑀼𑀤 (guda), 𑀕𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (guddā)

→ Telugu: గుద్ద (gudda)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gudá-. Compare Avestan 𐬔𐬎𐬜𐬀 (guδa).


अपान

Telugu: అపానము (apānamu)


शीर्ष

sa-noun

शीर्ष • (śīrṣá) stem, n

śīrṣá (romanization)
शीर्षम् (nominative singular)
शीर्षे (dual nominative)
शीर्षाणि (nominative plural)
शीर्षा1 (nominative plural)
शीर्ष (singular vocative)
शीर्षे (dual vocative)
शीर्षाणि (plural vocative)
शीर्षा1 (plural vocative)
शीर्षम् (accusative singular)
शीर्षे (accusative dual)
शीर्षाणि (accusative plural)
शीर्षा1 (accusative plural)
शीर्षेण (instrumental singular)
शीर्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शीर्षैः (instrumental plural)
शीर्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शीर्षाय (dative singular)
शीर्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शीर्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
शीर्षात् (ablative singular)
शीर्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शीर्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शीर्षस्य (genitive singular)
शीर्षयोः (dual genitive)
शीर्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
शीर्षे (locative singular)
शीर्षयोः (dual locative)
शीर्षेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Chilisso: šiš

Kalasha: ṣiṣ

Kamkata-viri: ṣīṣ

Phalura: ṣiṣ

desc

Shina: ݜݜ (ṣĭṣ), ݜیݜ (ṣīṣ), ݜںݜ (ṣĭ̃ṣu)

Shina: ݜݜ (ṣĭṣ), ݜیݜ (ṣīṣ), ݜںݜ (ṣĭ̃ṣu)

Indus Kohistani: ݜِݜ (šiš), شِش (ṣiṣ)

Kohistani Shina: ݜیݜو (ṣīṣo)

Savi: ṣiṣ

Pali: sīsa, sīsaka

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sissa), 𑀲𑀻𑀲 (sīsa)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sissa)

Baltic Romani: sīs

Braj: सीस (sīs)

Gujarati: શીસ (śīs)

Hindustani: sīs

Hindi: सीस

Urdu: سِیس (sīs)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: শীহ (xih)

Bengali: শীষ (śiś)

Bihari: सिस (sis)

Maithili: सीसा (sīsā)

Odia: ସୀସା (sisā)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އިސް (is), އިހު (ihu)

Sinhalese: ඉහ (iha)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: śisaru

Devanagari script: शिसरु (śisru)

Latin script: xisoru

Kannada script: ಶಿಸರು

Marathi: शीस (śīs), शींस (śīusa)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: sīs, sīsā

Gurmukhi script: ਸੀਸ, ਸੀਸਾ

Shahmukhi script: سِیس, سِیسَا

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: sisī

Arabic script: سِسِي

Devanagari script: सिसी

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śr̥Hsá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥Hšá, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱérh₂-sō, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κάρα (kára), Old English hærn (whence English harns). Collateral to Vedic Sanskrit शीर्षन् (śīrṣán).


अन्त्र

ántra (romanization)
अन्त्रम् (nominative singular)
अन्त्रे (dual nominative)
अन्त्राणि (nominative plural)
अन्त्रा1 (nominative plural)
अन्त्र (singular vocative)
अन्त्रे (dual vocative)
अन्त्राणि (plural vocative)
अन्त्रा1 (plural vocative)
अन्त्रम् (accusative singular)
अन्त्रे (accusative dual)
अन्त्राणि (accusative plural)
अन्त्रा1 (accusative plural)
अन्त्रेण (instrumental singular)
अन्त्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अन्त्रैः (instrumental plural)
अन्त्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अन्त्राय (dative singular)
अन्त्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
अन्त्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
अन्त्रात् (ablative singular)
अन्त्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अन्त्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अन्त्रस्य (genitive singular)
अन्त्रयोः (dual genitive)
अन्त्राणाम् (genitive plural)
अन्त्रे (locative singular)
अन्त्रयोः (dual locative)
अन्त्रेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit:

desctree

Early Assamese: আন্ত (anto)
Assamese: আঁত (ãt)

Konkani: आंत (ānta)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਆਂਦਰਾਂ (āndarā̃)

⇒ Vaghri: આંદરા (ā̃darā)

→ Bengali: অন্ত্র (ontro)

→ Hindi: अंत्र (antra)

Pali: anta

desc

Khmer: អន្តៈ (ʼɑɑʼɑntaʼ)

Khmer: អន្តៈ (ʼɑɑʼɑntaʼ)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hántram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hántram, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éntrom (“guts, entrails”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔντερον (énteron), Russian я́тро (játro, “testicle, liver”), Serbo-Croatian је̏тра.


तालु

tālu (romanization)
तालु (nominative singular)
तालुनी (dual nominative)
तालूनि (nominative plural)
तालु1 (nominative plural)
तालू1 (nominative plural)
तालु (singular vocative)
तालो (singular vocative)
तालुनी (dual vocative)
तालूनि (plural vocative)
तालु1 (plural vocative)
तालू1 (plural vocative)
तालु (accusative singular)
तालुनी (accusative dual)
तालूनि (accusative plural)
तालु1 (accusative plural)
तालू1 (accusative plural)
तालुना (instrumental singular)
ताल्वा1 (instrumental singular)
तालुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तालुभिः (instrumental plural)
तालुने (dative singular)
तालवे1 (dative singular)
ताल्वे1 (dative singular)
तालुभ्याम् (dative dual)
तालुभ्यः (dative plural)
तालुनः (ablative singular)
तालोः1 (ablative singular)
ताल्वः1 (ablative singular)
तालुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तालुभ्यः (ablative plural)
तालुनः (genitive singular)
तालोः1 (genitive singular)
ताल्वः1 (genitive singular)
तालुनोः (dual genitive)
तालूनाम् (genitive plural)
तालुनि (locative singular)
तालौ1 (locative singular)
तालुनोः (dual locative)
तालुषु (locative plural)


कुष्ठ

kuṣṭha (romanization)
कुष्ठम् (nominative singular)
कुष्ठे (dual nominative)
कुष्ठानि (nominative plural)
कुष्ठा1 (nominative plural)
कुष्ठ (singular vocative)
कुष्ठे (dual vocative)
कुष्ठानि (plural vocative)
कुष्ठा1 (plural vocative)
कुष्ठम् (accusative singular)
कुष्ठे (accusative dual)
कुष्ठानि (accusative plural)
कुष्ठा1 (accusative plural)
कुष्ठेन (instrumental singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुष्ठैः (instrumental plural)
कुष्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुष्ठाय (dative singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुष्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुष्ठात् (ablative singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुष्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुष्ठस्य (genitive singular)
कुष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
कुष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
कुष्ठे (locative singular)
कुष्ठयोः (dual locative)
कुष्ठेषु (locative plural)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (koṭṭha)

Gujarati: કોઢ (koḍh)

Hindi: कोढ़ (koṛh)

Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀠 (koḍha)

Old Punjabi: ਕੋੜ੍ਹੁ (koṛhu)

→ Indonesian: kusta (learned)

→ Magahi: 𑂍𑂷𑂀𑂜 (kõṛh)

→ Malayalam: കുഷ്ഠം (kuṣṭhaṁ)

→ Tocharian B: kuṣṭh (learned)


सिरा

sirā́ (romanization)
सिरा (nominative singular)
सिरे (dual nominative)
सिराः (nominative plural)
सिरे (singular vocative)
सिरे (dual vocative)
सिराः (plural vocative)
सिराम् (accusative singular)
सिरे (accusative dual)
सिराः (accusative plural)
सिरया (instrumental singular)
सिरा1 (instrumental singular)
सिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिराभिः (instrumental plural)
सिरायै (dative singular)
सिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिराभ्यः (dative plural)
सिरायाः (ablative singular)
सिरायै2 (ablative singular)
सिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिराभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिरायाः (genitive singular)
सिरायै2 (genitive singular)
सिरयोः (dual genitive)
सिराणाम् (genitive plural)
सिरायाम् (locative singular)
सिरयोः (dual locative)
सिरासु (locative plural)

Pali: sirā

desctree

Prakrit: सिरा (sirā), 𑀙𑀺𑀭𑀸 (chirā)
Gujarati: સેર (ser)
Marathi: शीर (śīr)
Bengali: শিরা (śira)
Odia: ସିରା (sirā)
Assamese: সিৰ (xir)

→ Tamil: சிரை (cirai)

→ Malayalam: ശിര (śira), സിര (sira)

Related to सीरा (sīrā́), further etymology unclear.

(anatomy) any tubular vessel of the body

any tubular vessel of the body
an artery


श्रोत्र

śrótra (romanization)
श्रोत्रम् (nominative singular)
श्रोत्रे (dual nominative)
श्रोत्राणि (nominative plural)
श्रोत्रा1 (nominative plural)
श्रोत्र (singular vocative)
श्रोत्रे (dual vocative)
श्रोत्राणि (plural vocative)
श्रोत्रा1 (plural vocative)
श्रोत्रम् (accusative singular)
श्रोत्रे (accusative dual)
श्रोत्राणि (accusative plural)
श्रोत्रा1 (accusative plural)
श्रोत्रेण (instrumental singular)
श्रोत्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रोत्रैः (instrumental plural)
श्रोत्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्रोत्राय (dative singular)
श्रोत्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रोत्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रोत्रात् (ablative singular)
श्रोत्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रोत्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रोत्रस्य (genitive singular)
श्रोत्रयोः (dual genitive)
श्रोत्राणाम् (genitive plural)
श्रोत्रे (locative singular)
श्रोत्रयोः (dual locative)
श्रोत्रेषु (locative plural)

Pali: sota

Prakrit: 𑀲𑁄𑀅 (soa)

→ Hindi: श्रोत्र (śrotra) (learned)

/ˈɕɾoːt̪.ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱléw-tro-m (“means of hearing”), from *ḱlew- (“to hear”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *hleuþrą (whence Icelandic hljóður). By surface analysis, श्रो (śro, full grade of श्रु (śru, “to hear”)) + -त्र (-tra, suffix indicating instrumentality).

surf

full grade of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">श्रु</i> (śru, “to hear”)

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

आयु॑र्य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां प्रा॒णो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पताम्-अपा॒नो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ व्या॒नो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ चक्षु॑र्य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पता॒ँ श्रोत्रं॑ य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ मनो॑ य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ वाग्य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पताम्-आ॒त्मा य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां य॒ज्ञो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पताम्

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.7.10

May life prosper through the worship, may expiration prosper through the worship, may inspiration prosper through the worship, may cross-breathing prosper through the worship, may the eye prosper through the worship, may the ear prosper through the worship, may mind prosper through the worship, may speech prosper through the worship, may the self prosper through the worship, may the worship prosper through the worship.

ā́yuryajñéna kalpatāṃ prāṇó yajñéna kalpatām-apānó yajñéna kalpatāṃ vyānó yajñéna kalpatāṃ cákṣuryajñéna kalpatām̐ śrotraṃ yajñéna kalpatāṃ máno yajñéna kalpatāṃ vā́gyajñéna kalpatām-ātmā́ yajñéna kalpatāṃ yajñó yajñéna kalpatām

श्रोत्रं चक्षुः स्पर्शनं च रसनं घ्राणमेव च।अधिष्ठाय मनश्चायं विषयानुपसेवते॥

The living entity, thus taking another gross body, obtains a certain type of ear, eye, tongue, nose and sense of touch, which are grouped about the mind. He thus enjoys a particular set of sense objects.

śrotraṃ cakṣuḥ sparśanaṃ ca rasanaṃ ghrāṇameva ca.adhiṣṭhāya manaścāyaṃ viṣayānupasevate.


नयनपुट

nayanapuṭa (romanization)
नयनपुटः (nominative singular)
नयनपुटौ (dual nominative)
नयनपुटाः (nominative plural)
नयनपुट (singular vocative)
नयनपुटौ (dual vocative)
नयनपुटाः (plural vocative)
नयनपुटम् (accusative singular)
नयनपुटौ (accusative dual)
नयनपुटान् (accusative plural)
नयनपुटेन (instrumental singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नयनपुटैः (instrumental plural)
नयनपुटाय (dative singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नयनपुटेभ्यः (dative plural)
नयनपुटात् (ablative singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नयनपुटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नयनपुटस्य (genitive singular)
नयनपुटयोः (dual genitive)
नयनपुटानाम् (genitive plural)
नयनपुटे (locative singular)
नयनपुटयोः (dual locative)
नयनपुटेषु (locative plural)
नयनपुटम् (nominative singular)
नयनपुटे (dual nominative)
नयनपुटानि (nominative plural)
नयनपुट (singular vocative)
नयनपुटे (dual vocative)
नयनपुटानि (plural vocative)
नयनपुटम् (accusative singular)
नयनपुटे (accusative dual)
नयनपुटानि (accusative plural)
नयनपुटेन (instrumental singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नयनपुटैः (instrumental plural)
नयनपुटाय (dative singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नयनपुटेभ्यः (dative plural)
नयनपुटात् (ablative singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नयनपुटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नयनपुटस्य (genitive singular)
नयनपुटयोः (dual genitive)
नयनपुटानाम् (genitive plural)
नयनपुटे (locative singular)
नयनपुटयोः (dual locative)
नयनपुटेषु (locative plural)

Compound of नयन (nayana, “eye”) + पुट (puṭa, “covering”); coined by Varāhamihira.


नेत्रच्छद

netracchada (romanization)
नेत्रच्छदः (nominative singular)
नेत्रच्छदौ (dual nominative)
नेत्रच्छदाः (nominative plural)
नेत्रच्छद (singular vocative)
नेत्रच्छदौ (dual vocative)
नेत्रच्छदाः (plural vocative)
नेत्रच्छदम् (accusative singular)
नेत्रच्छदौ (accusative dual)
नेत्रच्छदान् (accusative plural)
नेत्रच्छदेन (instrumental singular)
नेत्रच्छदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नेत्रच्छदैः (instrumental plural)
नेत्रच्छदाय (dative singular)
नेत्रच्छदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नेत्रच्छदेभ्यः (dative plural)
नेत्रच्छदात् (ablative singular)
नेत्रच्छदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नेत्रच्छदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नेत्रच्छदस्य (genitive singular)
नेत्रच्छदयोः (dual genitive)
नेत्रच्छदानाम् (genitive plural)
नेत्रच्छदे (locative singular)
नेत्रच्छदयोः (dual locative)
नेत्रच्छदेषु (locative plural)

/n̪eːt̪ˈɾɐt̪.t͡ɕʰɐ.d̪ɐ/

[n̪eːt̪ˈɾɐt̪̚.t͡ɕʰɐ.d̪ɐ]

Compound of नेत्र (netra, “eye”) + -च्- (-c-) + छद (chada, “covering”).


कपोल

kapolá (romanization)
कपोलः (nominative singular)
कपोलौ (dual nominative)
कपोला1 (dual nominative)
कपोलाः (nominative plural)
कपोलासः1 (nominative plural)
कपोल (singular vocative)
कपोलौ (dual vocative)
कपोला1 (dual vocative)
कपोलाः (plural vocative)
कपोलासः1 (plural vocative)
कपोलम् (accusative singular)
कपोलौ (accusative dual)
कपोला1 (accusative dual)
कपोलान् (accusative plural)
कपोलेन (instrumental singular)
कपोलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कपोलैः (instrumental plural)
कपोलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कपोलाय (dative singular)
कपोलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कपोलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कपोलात् (ablative singular)
कपोलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कपोलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कपोलस्य (genitive singular)
कपोलयोः (dual genitive)
कपोलानाम् (genitive plural)
कपोले (locative singular)
कपोलयोः (dual locative)
कपोलेषु (locative plural)

Pali: kapola

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀯𑁄𑀮 (kavola)
Apabhramsa: kavola
Devanagari script: कवोल
Sharada script: 𑆑𑆮𑆾𑆬

→ Hindi: कपोल (kapol)

→ Telugu: కపోలము (kapōlamu)

Uncertain. Maybe borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kapVḷ or related to Old English hafela and Latin caput (“head”).


बस्तिकोप

(pathology) cystitis ― inflammation of the urinary bladder


कनीनिका

kanī́nikā (romanization)
कनीनिका (nominative singular)
कनीनिके (dual nominative)
कनीनिकाः (nominative plural)
कनीनिके (singular vocative)
कनीनिके (dual vocative)
कनीनिकाः (plural vocative)
कनीनिकाम् (accusative singular)
कनीनिके (accusative dual)
कनीनिकाः (accusative plural)
कनीनिकया (instrumental singular)
कनीनिका1 (instrumental singular)
कनीनिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कनीनिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
कनीनिकायै (dative singular)
कनीनिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कनीनिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
कनीनिकायाः (ablative singular)
कनीनिकायै2 (ablative singular)
कनीनिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कनीनिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कनीनिकायाः (genitive singular)
कनीनिकायै2 (genitive singular)
कनीनिकयोः (dual genitive)
कनीनिकानाम् (genitive plural)
कनीनिकायाम् (locative singular)
कनीनिकयोः (dual locative)
कनीनिकासु (locative plural)

From कनीनक (kanīnaká, “boy, child”) + -आ (-ā, feminine suffix).


वक्षस्

vákṣas (romanization)
वक्षः (nominative singular)
वक्षसी (dual nominative)
वक्षांसि (nominative plural)
वक्षः (singular vocative)
वक्षसी (dual vocative)
वक्षांसि (plural vocative)
वक्षः (accusative singular)
वक्षसी (accusative dual)
वक्षांसि (accusative plural)
वक्षसा (instrumental singular)
वक्षोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वक्षोभिः (instrumental plural)
वक्षसे (dative singular)
वक्षोभ्याम् (dative dual)
वक्षोभ्यः (dative plural)
वक्षसः (ablative singular)
वक्षोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वक्षोभ्यः (ablative plural)
वक्षसः (genitive singular)
वक्षसोः (dual genitive)
वक्षसाम् (genitive plural)
वक्षसि (locative singular)
वक्षसोः (dual locative)
वक्षःसु (locative plural)

desc

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀙 (vaccha), 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔 (vakkha)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: wakṣa
> Javanese: ꦮꦏ꧀ꦱ (waksa) (inherited)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hwákṣas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwákšas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wég-s-os ~ *h₂wég-s-es-, from *h₂weg- (“to enlarge, increase”).


अंसकूट

áṃsakūṭa (romanization)
अंसकूटः (nominative singular)
अंसकूटौ (dual nominative)
अंसकूटा1 (dual nominative)
अंसकूटाः (nominative plural)
अंसकूटासः1 (nominative plural)
अंसकूट (singular vocative)
अंसकूटौ (dual vocative)
अंसकूटा1 (dual vocative)
अंसकूटाः (plural vocative)
अंसकूटासः1 (plural vocative)
अंसकूटम् (accusative singular)
अंसकूटौ (accusative dual)
अंसकूटा1 (accusative dual)
अंसकूटान् (accusative plural)
अंसकूटेन (instrumental singular)
अंसकूटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंसकूटैः (instrumental plural)
अंसकूटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अंसकूटाय (dative singular)
अंसकूटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंसकूटेभ्यः (dative plural)
अंसकूटात् (ablative singular)
अंसकूटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंसकूटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंसकूटस्य (genitive singular)
अंसकूटयोः (dual genitive)
अंसकूटानाम् (genitive plural)
अंसकूटे (locative singular)
अंसकूटयोः (dual locative)
अंसकूटेषु (locative plural)

/ɐ̃.s̪ɐˈkuː.ʈɐ/

From अंस (áṃsa, “shoulder”) + कूट (kū́ṭa, “any prominence or projection”).


अंसफलक

aṃsaphalaká (romanization)
अंसफलकम् (nominative singular)
अंसफलके (dual nominative)
अंसफलकानि (nominative plural)
अंसफलका1 (nominative plural)
अंसफलक (singular vocative)
अंसफलके (dual vocative)
अंसफलकानि (plural vocative)
अंसफलका1 (plural vocative)
अंसफलकम् (accusative singular)
अंसफलके (accusative dual)
अंसफलकानि (accusative plural)
अंसफलका1 (accusative plural)
अंसफलकेन (instrumental singular)
अंसफलकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंसफलकैः (instrumental plural)
अंसफलकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अंसफलकाय (dative singular)
अंसफलकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंसफलकेभ्यः (dative plural)
अंसफलकात् (ablative singular)
अंसफलकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंसफलकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंसफलकस्य (genitive singular)
अंसफलकयोः (dual genitive)
अंसफलकानाम् (genitive plural)
अंसफलके (locative singular)
अंसफलकयोः (dual locative)
अंसफलकेषु (locative plural)

/ɐ̃ˈs̪ɐ.pʰɐ.l̪ɐ.kɐ/

From अंस (áṃsa, “shoulder”) + फलक (phalaka, “any flat surface (of a part of the body)”).


अंसपृष्ठ

sa-noun

अंसपृष्ठ • (áṃsapṛṣṭha) stem, n

áṃsapṛṣṭha (romanization)
अंसपृष्ठम् (nominative singular)
अंसपृष्ठे (dual nominative)
अंसपृष्ठानि (nominative plural)
अंसपृष्ठा1 (nominative plural)
अंसपृष्ठ (singular vocative)
अंसपृष्ठे (dual vocative)
अंसपृष्ठानि (plural vocative)
अंसपृष्ठा1 (plural vocative)
अंसपृष्ठम् (accusative singular)
अंसपृष्ठे (accusative dual)
अंसपृष्ठानि (accusative plural)
अंसपृष्ठा1 (accusative plural)
अंसपृष्ठेन (instrumental singular)
अंसपृष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंसपृष्ठैः (instrumental plural)
अंसपृष्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अंसपृष्ठाय (dative singular)
अंसपृष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंसपृष्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
अंसपृष्ठात् (ablative singular)
अंसपृष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंसपृष्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंसपृष्ठस्य (genitive singular)
अंसपृष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
अंसपृष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
अंसपृष्ठे (locative singular)
अंसपृष्ठयोः (dual locative)
अंसपृष्ठेषु (locative plural)

/ɐ̃́.sɐ.pr̩ʂ.ʈʰɐ/

/ɐ̃.s̪ɐˈpr̩ʂ.ʈʰɐ/

From अंस (áṃsa, “shoulder”) + पृष्ठ (pṛṣṭhá, “back of an animal”).


कल्प

kálpa (romanization)
कल्पः (nominative singular)
कल्पौ (dual nominative)
कल्पा1 (dual nominative)
कल्पाः (nominative plural)
कल्पासः1 (nominative plural)
कल्प (singular vocative)
कल्पौ (dual vocative)
कल्पा1 (dual vocative)
कल्पाः (plural vocative)
कल्पासः1 (plural vocative)
कल्पम् (accusative singular)
कल्पौ (accusative dual)
कल्पा1 (accusative dual)
कल्पान् (accusative plural)
कल्पेन (instrumental singular)
कल्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कल्पैः (instrumental plural)
कल्पेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कल्पाय (dative singular)
कल्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कल्पेभ्यः (dative plural)
कल्पात् (ablative singular)
कल्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कल्पेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कल्पस्य (genitive singular)
कल्पयोः (dual genitive)
कल्पानाम् (genitive plural)
कल्पे (locative singular)
कल्पयोः (dual locative)
कल्पेषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨐𐨤𐨂 (kapu), 𐨐𐨤 (kapa)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: কাপ (kap)

Bengali: কল্প (kolpo)

Pali: kappa

→ Burmese: ကပ် (kap)

→ Thai: กัป (gàp)

→ English: kalpa

→ Sogdian: 𐼸𐼹𐼾𐼰 (klpʾ /*kalpa/), 𐼋𐼘𐼔𐼁 (krpʾ /*karpa, kalpa/)

→ Manchu: ᡬᠠᠯᠠᠪ (g'alab)

→ Middle Chinese: 劫 (MC kjaep) (possibly indirectly)

desc

→ Thai: กัลป์

→ Thai: กัลป์

→ Tibetan: བསྐལ་པ (bskal pa)

→ Tocharian A: kalp

→ Tocharian B: kālp

From कॢप् (kḷp) + -अ (-a, nominalizing suffix).

suf

(medicine) treatment of the sick, manner of curing


कषेरुका

kaṣerukā (romanization)
कषेरुका (nominative singular)
कषेरुके (dual nominative)
कषेरुकाः (nominative plural)
कषेरुके (singular vocative)
कषेरुके (dual vocative)
कषेरुकाः (plural vocative)
कषेरुकाम् (accusative singular)
कषेरुके (accusative dual)
कषेरुकाः (accusative plural)
कषेरुकया (instrumental singular)
कषेरुका1 (instrumental singular)
कषेरुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कषेरुकाभिः (instrumental plural)
कषेरुकायै (dative singular)
कषेरुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कषेरुकाभ्यः (dative plural)
कषेरुकायाः (ablative singular)
कषेरुकायै2 (ablative singular)
कषेरुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कषेरुकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कषेरुकायाः (genitive singular)
कषेरुकायै2 (genitive singular)
कषेरुकयोः (dual genitive)
कषेरुकाणाम् (genitive plural)
कषेरुकायाम् (locative singular)
कषेरुकयोः (dual locative)
कषेरुकासु (locative plural)


मेरुदण्ड

merudaṇḍa (romanization)
मेरुदण्डः (nominative singular)
मेरुदण्डौ (dual nominative)
मेरुदण्डा1 (dual nominative)
मेरुदण्डाः (nominative plural)
मेरुदण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
मेरुदण्ड (singular vocative)
मेरुदण्डौ (dual vocative)
मेरुदण्डा1 (dual vocative)
मेरुदण्डाः (plural vocative)
मेरुदण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
मेरुदण्डम् (accusative singular)
मेरुदण्डौ (accusative dual)
मेरुदण्डा1 (accusative dual)
मेरुदण्डान् (accusative plural)
मेरुदण्डेन (instrumental singular)
मेरुदण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेरुदण्डैः (instrumental plural)
मेरुदण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मेरुदण्डाय (dative singular)
मेरुदण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेरुदण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
मेरुदण्डात् (ablative singular)
मेरुदण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेरुदण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेरुदण्डस्य (genitive singular)
मेरुदण्डयोः (dual genitive)
मेरुदण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
मेरुदण्डे (locative singular)
मेरुदण्डयोः (dual locative)
मेरुदण्डेषु (locative plural)

/meː.ɾuˈd̪ɐɳ.ɖɐ/


हस्ततल

hastatala (romanization)
हस्ततलम् (nominative singular)
हस्ततले (dual nominative)
हस्ततलानि (nominative plural)
हस्ततला1 (nominative plural)
हस्ततल (singular vocative)
हस्ततले (dual vocative)
हस्ततलानि (plural vocative)
हस्ततला1 (plural vocative)
हस्ततलम् (accusative singular)
हस्ततले (accusative dual)
हस्ततलानि (accusative plural)
हस्ततला1 (accusative plural)
हस्ततलेन (instrumental singular)
हस्ततलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हस्ततलैः (instrumental plural)
हस्ततलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हस्ततलाय (dative singular)
हस्ततलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हस्ततलेभ्यः (dative plural)
हस्ततलात् (ablative singular)
हस्ततलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हस्ततलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हस्ततलस्य (genitive singular)
हस्ततलयोः (dual genitive)
हस्ततलानाम् (genitive plural)
हस्ततले (locative singular)
हस्ततलयोः (dual locative)
हस्ततलेषु (locative plural)

Hindi: हथेली (hathelī)

/ˈɦɐs̪.t̪ɐ.t̪ɐ.l̪ɐ/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰós-tos
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas
Sanskrit हस्त (hasta)
Proto-Indo-Iranian *tálas
Sanskrit तल (tala)
Sanskrit हस्ततल (hastatala)
Compound of हस्त (hasta) + तल (tala).


उण्डुक

uṇḍuka (romanization)
उण्डुकः (nominative singular)
उण्डुकौ (dual nominative)
उण्डुका1 (dual nominative)
उण्डुकाः (nominative plural)
उण्डुकासः1 (nominative plural)
उण्डुक (singular vocative)
उण्डुकौ (dual vocative)
उण्डुका1 (dual vocative)
उण्डुकाः (plural vocative)
उण्डुकासः1 (plural vocative)
उण्डुकम् (accusative singular)
उण्डुकौ (accusative dual)
उण्डुका1 (accusative dual)
उण्डुकान् (accusative plural)
उण्डुकेन (instrumental singular)
उण्डुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उण्डुकैः (instrumental plural)
उण्डुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उण्डुकाय (dative singular)
उण्डुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उण्डुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
उण्डुकात् (ablative singular)
उण्डुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उण्डुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उण्डुकस्य (genitive singular)
उण्डुकयोः (dual genitive)
उण्डुकानाम् (genitive plural)
उण्डुके (locative singular)
उण्डुकयोः (dual locative)
उण्डुकेषु (locative plural)


कटि

kaṭi (romanization)
कटिः (nominative singular)
कटी (dual nominative)
कटयः (nominative plural)
कटे (singular vocative)
कटी (dual vocative)
कटयः (plural vocative)
कटिम् (accusative singular)
कटी (accusative dual)
कटीः (accusative plural)
कट्या (instrumental singular)
कटी1 (instrumental singular)
कटिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कटिभिः (instrumental plural)
कटये (dative singular)
कट्यै2 (dative singular)
कटी1 (dative singular)
कटिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कटिभ्यः (dative plural)
कटेः (ablative singular)
कट्याः2 (ablative singular)
कट्यै3 (ablative singular)
कटिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कटिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कटेः (genitive singular)
कट्याः2 (genitive singular)
कट्यै3 (genitive singular)
कट्योः (dual genitive)
कटीनाम् (genitive plural)
कटौ (locative singular)
कट्याम्2 (locative singular)
कटा1 (locative singular)
कट्योः (dual locative)
कटिषु (locative plural)

Borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil கடம் (kaṭam, “mountain side, elephant's temple”), Kannada ಕಡೆ (kaḍe, “side, end”), Telugu కడ (kaḍa).


लोल

lola (romanization)
लोलः (nominative singular)
लोलौ (dual nominative)
लोला1 (dual nominative)
लोलाः (nominative plural)
लोलासः1 (nominative plural)
लोल (singular vocative)
लोलौ (dual vocative)
लोला1 (dual vocative)
लोलाः (plural vocative)
लोलासः1 (plural vocative)
लोलम् (accusative singular)
लोलौ (accusative dual)
लोला1 (accusative dual)
लोलान् (accusative plural)
लोलेन (instrumental singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोलैः (instrumental plural)
लोलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लोलाय (dative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोलेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोलात् (ablative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोलस्य (genitive singular)
लोलयोः (dual genitive)
लोलानाम् (genitive plural)
लोले (locative singular)
लोलयोः (dual locative)
लोलेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: लोल (lol) (learned)

From the root लुल् (lul, “to move to and fro, roll about, stir”).


प्रकोप

prakopa (romanization)
प्रकोपः (nominative singular)
प्रकोपौ (dual nominative)
प्रकोपा1 (dual nominative)
प्रकोपाः (nominative plural)
प्रकोपासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रकोप (singular vocative)
प्रकोपौ (dual vocative)
प्रकोपा1 (dual vocative)
प्रकोपाः (plural vocative)
प्रकोपासः1 (plural vocative)
प्रकोपम् (accusative singular)
प्रकोपौ (accusative dual)
प्रकोपा1 (accusative dual)
प्रकोपान् (accusative plural)
प्रकोपेण (instrumental singular)
प्रकोपाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रकोपैः (instrumental plural)
प्रकोपेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रकोपाय (dative singular)
प्रकोपाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रकोपेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रकोपात् (ablative singular)
प्रकोपाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रकोपेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रकोपस्य (genitive singular)
प्रकोपयोः (dual genitive)
प्रकोपाणाम् (genitive plural)
प्रकोपे (locative singular)
प्रकोपयोः (dual locative)
प्रकोपेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: प्रकोप (prakop) (learned)

(medicine) excess, superabundance, vitiation


गर्भनाडी

garbhanāḍī (romanization)
गर्भनाडी (nominative singular)
गर्भनाड्यौ (dual nominative)
गर्भनाडी1 (dual nominative)
गर्भनाड्यः (nominative plural)
गर्भनाडीः1 (nominative plural)
गर्भनाडि (singular vocative)
गर्भनाड्यौ (dual vocative)
गर्भनाडी1 (dual vocative)
गर्भनाड्यः (plural vocative)
गर्भनाडीः1 (plural vocative)
गर्भनाडीम् (accusative singular)
गर्भनाड्यौ (accusative dual)
गर्भनाडी1 (accusative dual)
गर्भनाडीः (accusative plural)
गर्भनाड्या (instrumental singular)
गर्भनाडीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गर्भनाडीभिः (instrumental plural)
गर्भनाड्यै (dative singular)
गर्भनाडीभ्याम् (dative dual)
गर्भनाडीभ्यः (dative plural)
गर्भनाड्याः (ablative singular)
गर्भनाड्यै2 (ablative singular)
गर्भनाडीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गर्भनाडीभ्यः (ablative plural)
गर्भनाड्याः (genitive singular)
गर्भनाड्यै2 (genitive singular)
गर्भनाड्योः (dual genitive)
गर्भनाडीनाम् (genitive plural)
गर्भनाड्याम् (locative singular)
गर्भनाड्योः (dual locative)
गर्भनाडीषु (locative plural)

desc

→ Hindi: गर्भनाड़ी (garbhanāṛī) (learned)

/ɡɐɾ.bʱɐ.nɑː.ɖiː/

/ɡɐɾ.bʱɐˈn̪ɑː.ɖiː/

Compound of गर्भ (gárbha, “womb; embryo”) + नाडी (nāḍī́, “tube; blood-vessel”).


नाडी

sa-noun

नाडी • (nāḍī́) stem, f

nāḍī́ (romanization)
नाडी (nominative singular)
नाड्यौ (dual nominative)
नाडी1 (dual nominative)
नाड्यः (nominative plural)
नाडीः1 (nominative plural)
नाडि (singular vocative)
नाड्यौ (dual vocative)
नाडी1 (dual vocative)
नाड्यः (plural vocative)
नाडीः1 (plural vocative)
नाडीम् (accusative singular)
नाड्यौ (accusative dual)
नाडी1 (accusative dual)
नाडीः (accusative plural)
नाड्या (instrumental singular)
नाडीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाडीभिः (instrumental plural)
नाड्यै (dative singular)
नाडीभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाडीभ्यः (dative plural)
नाड्याः (ablative singular)
नाड्यै2 (ablative singular)
नाडीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाडीभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाड्याः (genitive singular)
नाड्यै2 (genitive singular)
नाड्योः (dual genitive)
नाडीनाम् (genitive plural)
नाड्याम् (locative singular)
नाड्योः (dual locative)
नाडीषु (locative plural)

Pali: nāḷī

Prakrit: णाडी (ṇāḍī)

Hindustani: nāṛī

Hindi: नाड़ी

Urdu: ناڑی (nāṛī)

Marathi: नाडी (nāḍī)

Punjabi: ਨਾੜੀ (nāṛī), ਨਾੜ (nāṛ)

→ Malay: nadi

Indonesian: nadi

desc

→ Malayalam: നാഡി (nāḍi), നാഡിക (nāḍika), നാഴി (nāḻi), നാഴിക (nāḻika)

→ Telugu: నాడి (nāḍi)

विष्णुर्गत्यैव चरणौ नोदतिष्ठत्तदा विराट्। नाडीर्नद्यो लोहितेन नोदतिष्ठत्तदा विराट्॥
viṣṇurgatyaiva caraṇau nodatiṣṭhattadā virāṭ. nāḍīrnadyo lohitena nodatiṣṭhattadā virāṭ.

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 3.26.67

Lord Viṣṇu entered his feet with the faculty of locomotion, but Virāj refused to stand up even then. The rivers entered his blood vessels with the blood and the power of circulation, but still the cosmic being could not be made to stir.


नक्र

nakra (romanization)
नक्रम् (nominative singular)
नक्रे (dual nominative)
नक्राणि (nominative plural)
नक्रा1 (nominative plural)
नक्र (singular vocative)
नक्रे (dual vocative)
नक्राणि (plural vocative)
नक्रा1 (plural vocative)
नक्रम् (accusative singular)
नक्रे (accusative dual)
नक्राणि (accusative plural)
नक्रा1 (accusative plural)
नक्रेण (instrumental singular)
नक्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नक्रैः (instrumental plural)
नक्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नक्राय (dative singular)
नक्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
नक्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
नक्रात् (ablative singular)
नक्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नक्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नक्रस्य (genitive singular)
नक्रयोः (dual genitive)
नक्राणाम् (genitive plural)
नक्रे (locative singular)
नक्रयोः (dual locative)
नक्रेषु (locative plural)

Sanskritization of Prakrit णक्क (ṇakka) or Ashokan Prakrit *𑀦𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*nakka), itself ultimately from Sanskrit नस् (nás) + -क (-ka).


अधिपति

adhipáti (romanization)
अधिपतिः (nominative singular)
अधिपती (dual nominative)
अधिपतयः (nominative plural)
अधिपते (singular vocative)
अधिपती (dual vocative)
अधिपतयः (plural vocative)
अधिपतिम् (accusative singular)
अधिपती (accusative dual)
अधिपतीन् (accusative plural)
अधिपतिना (instrumental singular)
अधिपत्या1 (instrumental singular)
अधिपतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधिपतिभिः (instrumental plural)
अधिपतये (dative singular)
अधिपतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधिपतिभ्यः (dative plural)
अधिपतेः (ablative singular)
अधिपत्यः1 (ablative singular)
अधिपतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधिपतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधिपतेः (genitive singular)
अधिपत्यः1 (genitive singular)
अधिपत्योः (dual genitive)
अधिपतीनाम् (genitive plural)
अधिपतौ (locative singular)
अधिपता1 (locative singular)
अधिपत्योः (dual locative)
अधिपतिषु (locative plural)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: adhipati
Javanese: ꦲꦢꦶꦥꦠꦶ (adipati)

Pali: adhipati

Burmese: အဓိပတိ (a.dhi.pa.ti.)

Khmer: អធិបតី (ʼaʼthipaʼdəy)

Thai: อธิบดี (à-típ-bɔɔ-dii)

Compound of अधि (adhi, “high, over”) + पति (páti, “lord”).

com+

(medicine) a particular part of the head (where a wound proves instantly fatal)


गलगण्ड

galagaṇḍa (romanization)
गलगण्डः (nominative singular)
गलगण्डौ (dual nominative)
गलगण्डाः (nominative plural)
गलगण्ड (singular vocative)
गलगण्डौ (dual vocative)
गलगण्डाः (plural vocative)
गलगण्डम् (accusative singular)
गलगण्डौ (accusative dual)
गलगण्डान् (accusative plural)
गलगण्डेन (instrumental singular)
गलगण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गलगण्डैः (instrumental plural)
गलगण्डाय (dative singular)
गलगण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गलगण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
गलगण्डात् (ablative singular)
गलगण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गलगण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गलगण्डस्य (genitive singular)
गलगण्डयोः (dual genitive)
गलगण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
गलगण्डे (locative singular)
गलगण्डयोः (dual locative)
गलगण्डेषु (locative plural)

/ɡɐ.l̪ɐˈɡɐɳ.ɖɐ/

Tatpuruṣa compound of गल (gala, “throat”) + गण्ड (gaṇḍa, “goitre”).

com

यस्य श्लेष्मा प्रकुपितो गलबाह्येऽवतिष्ठते ।शनैः संजनयेच्छोफं गलगण्डोऽस्य जायते ॥

c. 600 BCE – 200 BCE, Caraka, Caraka Saṃhitā 1.18.21

When the provoked phlegm in the body gets localised outside the throat, it produces chronic swelling there and causes goitre.

yasya śleṣmā prakupito galabāhyeʼvatiṣṭhate.śanaiḥ saṃjanayecchophaṃ galagaṇḍoʼsya jāyate.

निबद्धः श्वयथुर्यस्य मुष्कवल्लम्बते गले । महान् वा यदि वा ह्रस्वो गलगण्डं तमादिशेत् ॥

c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā 2.11.29

A pendant swelling, whether large or small, occurring in the throat region and resembling the scrotum in shape is called goitre.

nibaddhaḥ śvayathuryasya muṣkavallambate gale. mahān vā yadi vā hrasvo galagaṇḍaṃ tamādiśet.


नासिका

nā́sikā (romanization)
नासिका (nominative singular)
नासिके (dual nominative)
नासिकाः (nominative plural)
नासिके (singular vocative)
नासिके (dual vocative)
नासिकाः (plural vocative)
नासिकाम् (accusative singular)
नासिके (accusative dual)
नासिकाः (accusative plural)
नासिकया (instrumental singular)
नासिका1 (instrumental singular)
नासिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नासिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
नासिकायै (dative singular)
नासिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नासिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
नासिकायाः (ablative singular)
नासिकायै2 (ablative singular)
नासिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नासिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
नासिकायाः (genitive singular)
नासिकायै2 (genitive singular)
नासिकयोः (dual genitive)
नासिकानाम् (genitive plural)
नासिकायाम् (locative singular)
नासिकयोः (dual locative)
नासिकासु (locative plural)

Marathi: नाशिक (nāśik)

→ Hindi: नासिक (nāsik)

→ Hindi: नासिका (nāsikā) (learned)

→ Tamil: நாசி (nāci) (learned)

→ Thai: นาสิก (naa-sìk)