मध्यमपुरुष

madhyamá-puruṣa (romanization)
मध्यमपुरुषः (nominative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषौ (dual nominative)
मध्यमपुरुषाः (nominative plural)
मध्यमपुरुष (singular vocative)
मध्यमपुरुषौ (dual vocative)
मध्यमपुरुषाः (plural vocative)
मध्यमपुरुषम् (accusative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषौ (accusative dual)
मध्यमपुरुषान् (accusative plural)
मध्यमपुरुषेन (instrumental singular)
मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मध्यमपुरुषैः (instrumental plural)
मध्यमपुरुषाय (dative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
मध्यमपुरुषात् (ablative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मध्यमपुरुषस्य (genitive singular)
मध्यमपुरुषयोः (dual genitive)
मध्यमपुरुषानाम् (genitive plural)
मध्यमपुरुषे (locative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषयोः (dual locative)
मध्यमपुरुषेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मध्यमपुरुष

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषम्

मध्यमपुरुषान्

मध्यमपुरुषेन

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषैः

मध्यमपुरुषाय

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषात्

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषस्य

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषानाम्

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषेषु

sa-decl-noun/cell

मध्यमपुरुषस्य

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषम्

मध्यमपुरुषान्

मध्यमपुरुषेन

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषैः

मध्यमपुरुषाय

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषात्

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषस्य

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषानाम्

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषेषु

desc

→ Pali: majjhimapurisa (“second person”)

(grammar) the second person in verbal conjugation, a termination of the second person


पुत्र

putrá (romanization)
पुत्रः (nominative singular)
पुत्रौ (dual nominative)
पुत्रा1 (dual nominative)
पुत्राः (nominative plural)
पुत्रासः1 (nominative plural)
पुत्र (singular vocative)
पुत्रौ (dual vocative)
पुत्रा1 (dual vocative)
पुत्राः (plural vocative)
पुत्रासः1 (plural vocative)
पुत्रम् (accusative singular)
पुत्रौ (accusative dual)
पुत्रा1 (accusative dual)
पुत्रान् (accusative plural)
पुत्रेण (instrumental singular)
पुत्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुत्रैः (instrumental plural)
पुत्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पुत्राय (dative singular)
पुत्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुत्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुत्रात् (ablative singular)
पुत्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुत्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुत्रस्य (genitive singular)
पुत्रयोः (dual genitive)
पुत्राणाम् (genitive plural)
पुत्रे (locative singular)
पुत्रयोः (dual locative)
पुत्रेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀭 (putra), 𑀧𑀼𑀢 (puta)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: পুত (put)

Bengali: পুত (put)

Rohingya: fut

Sylheti: ꠙꠥꠔ (fut)

desctree

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (putta)
Paisaci Prakrit:
Punjabi: ਪੁੱਤ (putta), ਪੁੱਤਰ (puttar)
Hindustani: pūt
Hindi: पूत
Urdu: پُوت
Konkani: pūt
Devanagari script: पूत
Kannada script: ಪೂತ್
Latin script: put
Old Marathi:
Devanagari script: पुत (puta), पूत (pūta)
Modi script: 𑘢𑘳𑘝 (puta)

Konkani: पूत (pūt)

Marathi: पूत (pūt)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਪੁੱਤ (putta), ਪੁੱਤਰ (puttar)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (putta)
Paisaci Prakrit:
Punjabi: ਪੁੱਤ (putta), ਪੁੱਤਰ (puttar)
Hindustani: pūt
Hindi: पूत
Urdu: پُوت
Konkani: pūt
Devanagari script: पूत
Kannada script: ಪೂತ್
Latin script: put
Old Marathi:
Devanagari script: पुत (puta), पूत (pūta)
Modi script: 𑘢𑘳𑘝 (puta)

Hindustani: pūt

Hindi: पूत

Urdu: پُوت (pūt)

Dardic:

Kalasha: putr

Kashmiri: پۆتھٕر (pothụr, “son”)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ފުތް (fut̊)

Pali: putta

→ Hindi: पुत्र (putra)

→ Bengali: পুত্র (putro)

→ Kannada: ಪುತ್ರ (putra)

→ Khmer: បុត្រា (botraa)

desc

→ Lü: ᦢᦳᧆ (ḃud)

→ Lü: ᦢᦳᧆ (ḃud)

→ Malay: putera, putra

Indonesian: putra, putera

→ Malayalam: പുത്രൻ (putraṉ)

→ Marathi: पुत्र (putra)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: putra
Javanese: ꦥꦸꦠꦿ (putra)

→ Sinhalese: පුතා (putā)

→ Sylheti: ꠙꠥꠔ꠆ꠞꠣ (futra)

→ Tamil: புத்திரன் (puttiraṉ)

→ Telugu: పుత్రుడు (putruḍu)

→ Thai: บุตร (bùt)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *putrás (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (“small, little, few”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬎𐬚𐬭𐬀 (puθra), Old Persian 𐎱𐎢𐏂 (p-u-ç /puça/, “son”), Ancient Greek παῖς (paîs, “child, son”), Latin puer (“boy”), Old English fēaw (whence English few).


उत्तमपुरुष

ut-tamá-puruṣa (romanization)
उत्तमपुरुषः (nominative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषौ (dual nominative)
उत्तमपुरुषाः (nominative plural)
उत्तमपुरुष (singular vocative)
उत्तमपुरुषौ (dual vocative)
उत्तमपुरुषाः (plural vocative)
उत्तमपुरुषम् (accusative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषौ (accusative dual)
उत्तमपुरुषान् (accusative plural)
उत्तमपुरुषेण (instrumental singular)
उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उत्तमपुरुषैः (instrumental plural)
उत्तमपुरुषाय (dative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
उत्तमपुरुषात् (ablative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उत्तमपुरुषस्य (genitive singular)
उत्तमपुरुषयोः (dual genitive)
उत्तमपुरुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
उत्तमपुरुषे (locative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषयोः (dual locative)
उत्तमपुरुषेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of उत्तमपुरुष

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषम्

उत्तमपुरुषान्

उत्तमपुरुषेण

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषैः

उत्तमपुरुषाय

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषात्

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषस्य

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषाणाम्

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषेषु

sa-decl-noun/cell

उत्तमपुरुषस्य

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषम्

उत्तमपुरुषान्

उत्तमपुरुषेण

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषैः

उत्तमपुरुषाय

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषात्

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषस्य

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषाणाम्

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषेषु

(grammar) first person, literally "the last person" in Sanskrit grammar tradition


वृद्धि

vṛ́ddhi (romanization)
वृद्धिः (nominative singular)
वृद्धी (dual nominative)
वृद्धयः (nominative plural)
वृद्धे (singular vocative)
वृद्धी (dual vocative)
वृद्धयः (plural vocative)
वृद्धिम् (accusative singular)
वृद्धी (accusative dual)
वृद्धीः (accusative plural)
वृद्ध्या (instrumental singular)
वृद्धी1 (instrumental singular)
वृद्धिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृद्धिभिः (instrumental plural)
वृद्धये (dative singular)
वृद्ध्यै2 (dative singular)
वृद्धी1 (dative singular)
वृद्धिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृद्धिभ्यः (dative plural)
वृद्धेः (ablative singular)
वृद्ध्याः2 (ablative singular)
वृद्ध्यै3 (ablative singular)
वृद्धिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृद्धिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृद्धेः (genitive singular)
वृद्ध्याः2 (genitive singular)
वृद्ध्यै3 (genitive singular)
वृद्ध्योः (dual genitive)
वृद्धीनाम् (genitive plural)
वृद्धौ (locative singular)
वृद्ध्याम्2 (locative singular)
वृद्धा1 (locative singular)
वृद्ध्योः (dual locative)
वृद्धिषु (locative plural)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀠𑀺 (vaḍhi /vaḍḍhi/), 𐨬𐨝𐨁 (vaḍhi)
Prakrit: 𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (vaḍḍhi)
Central:
Hindi: बाढ़ (bāṛh, “increase; flood”)
Urdu: باڑھ (bāṛh, “increase; flood”)
Eastern
Bengali: বাড় (baṛ, “growth”)
Northern:
Kumaoni: बाढ़ (bāṛh, “increase”)
Southern:
Konkani-Marathi:
Konkani: वाड (vāḍ, “increase”)
Marathi: वाढ (vāḍh, “increase”)
Sinhalese: වැඩ (wæḍa, “increase, profit”)
→ Kannada: ಬಡ್ಡಿ (baḍḍi, “interest”)
→ Malayalam: വട്ടി (vaṭṭi, “interest”)
→ Tamil: வட்டி (vaṭṭi, “interest”)
→ Telugu: వడ్డి (vaḍḍi, “interest”)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀠𑀺 (vuḍhi /vuḍḍhi/)
Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (vuḍḍhi), 𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (uḍḍhi)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀥𑀺 (vadhi /vaddhi/)
Prakrit: *vaddhi ~ *vaddhiyā
Northwestern:
Sindhi: واڌِ (vadhi, “abundance”)
Western:
Gujarati: વધ (vadh, “increase”)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨬𐨢𐨿𐨪𐨁 (vadhri)

Ashokan Prakrit: *viddhi

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (viddhi)

Ashokan Prakrit: *vuddhi

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (vuddhi)
Sindhi: اُڌيِ کُٽيِ (udhī-khuṭī, “profit-loss”) (< *vuddhiyā)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: वड् (waḍ, “profit”)

Pali: vaḍḍhi, vuḍḍhi, vuddhi

desc

→ English: vṛddhi, vrddhi, vr̥ddhi, vriddhi

→ Hindi: वृद्धि (vŕddhi)

→ Kannada: ವೃದ್ಧಿ (vṛddhi)

→ Old Javanese: wṛddhi, wrĕde

→ Tamil: விருத்தி (virutti)

→ Telugu: వృద్ధి (vr̥ddhi)

[ˈʋr̩d̪̚.d̪ʱi]

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥dᶻdʰiš (“growth, increase”), from Proto-Indo-European *wérdʰ-ti-s ~ *wr̥dʰ-téy-s. Synchronically, from the root वृध् (vṛdh, “to grow”) + -ति (-ti). See वृद्ध (vṛddha) and वर्धति (vardhati) for cognates.


बहुव्रीहि

bahuvrīhí (romanization)
बहुव्रीहिः (nominative singular)
बहुव्रीही (dual nominative)
बहुव्रीहयः (nominative plural)
बहुव्रीहे (singular vocative)
बहुव्रीही (dual vocative)
बहुव्रीहयः (plural vocative)
बहुव्रीहिम् (accusative singular)
बहुव्रीही (accusative dual)
बहुव्रीहीन् (accusative plural)
बहुव्रीहिणा (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीह्या1 (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बहुव्रीहिभिः (instrumental plural)
बहुव्रीहये (dative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (dative plural)
बहुव्रीहेः (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीह्यः1 (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (ablative plural)
बहुव्रीहेः (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीह्यः1 (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीह्योः (dual genitive)
बहुव्रीहीणाम् (genitive plural)
बहुव्रीहौ (locative singular)
बहुव्रीहा1 (locative singular)
बहुव्रीह्योः (dual locative)
बहुव्रीहिषु (locative plural)

Bahuvrīhi compound of बहु (bahú, “much”) + व्रीहि (vrīhí, “rice”).


पायु

pā́yu (romanization)
पायुः (nominative singular)
पायू (dual nominative)
पायवः (nominative plural)
पायो (singular vocative)
पायू (dual vocative)
पायवः (plural vocative)
पायुम् (accusative singular)
पायू (accusative dual)
पायून् (accusative plural)
पायुना (instrumental singular)
पाय्वा1 (instrumental singular)
पायुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पायुभिः (instrumental plural)
पायवे (dative singular)
पाय्वे1 (dative singular)
पायुभ्याम् (dative dual)
पायुभ्यः (dative plural)
पायोः (ablative singular)
पाय्वः1 (ablative singular)
पायुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पायुभ्यः (ablative plural)
पायोः (genitive singular)
पाय्वः1 (genitive singular)
पाय्वोः (dual genitive)
पायूनाम् (genitive plural)
पायौ (locative singular)
पाय्वोः (dual locative)
पायुषु (locative plural)


पक्ष

pakṣá (romanization)
पक्षः (nominative singular)
पक्षौ (dual nominative)
पक्षा1 (dual nominative)
पक्षाः (nominative plural)
पक्षासः1 (nominative plural)
पक्ष (singular vocative)
पक्षौ (dual vocative)
पक्षा1 (dual vocative)
पक्षाः (plural vocative)
पक्षासः1 (plural vocative)
पक्षम् (accusative singular)
पक्षौ (accusative dual)
पक्षा1 (accusative dual)
पक्षान् (accusative plural)
पक्षेण (instrumental singular)
पक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पक्षैः (instrumental plural)
पक्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पक्षाय (dative singular)
पक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पक्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
पक्षात् (ablative singular)
पक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पक्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पक्षस्य (genitive singular)
पक्षयोः (dual genitive)
पक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
पक्षे (locative singular)
पक्षयोः (dual locative)
पक्षेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Pali: pakkha
→ Kannada: ಪಕ್ಕ (pakka, “side”)
→ Tamil: பக்கம் (pakkam)
→ Thai: ปักข์, ปักษ์ (bpàk)

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀓𑁆𑀔 (pakkha), 𑀧𑀁𑀔 (paṃkha)

desc

Assamese: পখা (pokha), পাখা (pakha), পাখি (pakhi)

Bengali: পাখা (pakha)

Hindi: पंख (paṅkh), पंखा (paṅkhā), पांख (pāṅkh)

Konkani: पाख (pākh)

Marathi: पंख (paṅkha), पाख (pākh)

Mewari: पंखो (paṅkho)

Punjabi: ਪੱਖ (pakkha)

Romani: phak

→ Hindi: पक्ष (pakṣ)

→ Kannada: ಪಕ್ಷ (pakṣa)

→ Marathi: पक्ष (pakṣa)

→ Malay: paksa

Indonesian: paksa

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pakšás (“side, flank”), from Proto-Indo-European *peg- (“side, flank”).
Cognate with Ossetian фахс (faxs, “side”) and maybe Latvian paksis (“corner of a house”).

der

(logic) the proposition to be proved in a syllogism

(algebra) a primary division or the side of an equation in a primary division


प्रश्न

praśná (romanization)
प्रश्नः (nominative singular)
प्रश्नौ (dual nominative)
प्रश्ना1 (dual nominative)
प्रश्नाः (nominative plural)
प्रश्नासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रश्न (singular vocative)
प्रश्नौ (dual vocative)
प्रश्ना1 (dual vocative)
प्रश्नाः (plural vocative)
प्रश्नासः1 (plural vocative)
प्रश्नम् (accusative singular)
प्रश्नौ (accusative dual)
प्रश्ना1 (accusative dual)
प्रश्नान् (accusative plural)
प्रश्नेन (instrumental singular)
प्रश्नाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रश्नैः (instrumental plural)
प्रश्नेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रश्नाय (dative singular)
प्रश्नाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रश्नेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रश्नात् (ablative singular)
प्रश्नाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रश्नेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रश्नस्य (genitive singular)
प्रश्नयोः (dual genitive)
प्रश्नानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रश्ने (locative singular)
प्रश्नयोः (dual locative)
प्रश्नेषु (locative plural)

→ Burmese: ပြဿနာ (pra.ssa.na)

→ Hindi: प्रश्न (praśna) (learned)

→ Khmer: ប្រស្នា (prɑɑsnaa)

→ Kannada: ಪ್ರಶ್ನೆ (praśne) (learned)

desc

→ Malayalam: പ്രശ്നം (praśnaṁ) (learned)

→ Marathi: praśna (learned)

Devanagari script: प्रश्न

Modi script: 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘫𑘿𑘡

→ Punjabi: ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਨ (praśan) (learned)

→ Tamil: பிரச்சனை (piraccaṉai) (learned)

→ Telugu: ప్రశ్న (praśna) (learned)

From the root प्रछ् (prach) + -न (-na), whence पृच्छति (pṛccháti, “to ask, question, interrogate”).

दिव्यप्रश्न (divyá-praśna)

देवप्रश्न (devá-praśna)

दैवप्रश्न (daíva-praśna)

(astrology) astrological inquiry into the future


प्रथम

prathamá (romanization)
प्रथमः (nominative singular)
प्रथमौ (dual nominative)
प्रथमा1 (dual nominative)
प्रथमाः (nominative plural)
प्रथमासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रथम (singular vocative)
प्रथमौ (dual vocative)
प्रथमा1 (dual vocative)
प्रथमाः (plural vocative)
प्रथमासः1 (plural vocative)
प्रथमम् (accusative singular)
प्रथमौ (accusative dual)
प्रथमा1 (accusative dual)
प्रथमान् (accusative plural)
प्रथमेन (instrumental singular)
प्रथमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रथमैः (instrumental plural)
प्रथमेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रथमाय (dative singular)
प्रथमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रथमेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रथमात् (ablative singular)
प्रथमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रथमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रथमस्य (genitive singular)
प्रथमयोः (dual genitive)
प्रथमानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रथमे (locative singular)
प्रथमयोः (dual locative)
प्रथमेषु (locative plural)

/ˈpɾɐ.t̪ʰɐ.mɐ/

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pratʰamás (“first, foremost”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-tm̥mós (“foremost”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (fratəma), Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠 (f-r-t-m-a /fratama/), Old Armenian փարթամ (pʻartʻam).

inh+

(grammar) (namely वर्ण (varṇa)) the first consonant of a वर्ग (varga), a surd unaspirate letter

पुरुष पुरुष#Sanskrit

(grammar) (namely पुरुष (puruṣa)) the first (in Western grammar terminology, the 3rd) person or its terminations

(mathematics) the sum of the products divided by the difference between the squares of the cosine of the azimuth and the sine of the amplitude


पृच्छति

sa-verb

पृच्छति • (pṛccháti) third-singular indicative (class 6, type P, root प्रछ्)

pṛccháti (romanization)
प्रछ् (root)
पृच्छति (present)
पृच्छते (present)
पृच्छ्यते (present)
पृच्छति (active indicative singular third-person)
पृच्छतः (active dual indicative third-person)
पृच्छन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
पृच्छते (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
पृच्छेते (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
पृच्छन्ते (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
पृच्छ्यते (indicative passive singular third-person)
पृच्छ्येते (dual indicative passive third-person)
पृच्छ्यन्ते (indicative passive plural third-person)
पृच्छसि (active indicative second-person singular)
पृच्छथः (active dual indicative second-person)
पृच्छथ (active indicative plural second-person)
पृच्छसे (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
पृच्छेथे (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
पृच्छध्वे (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
पृच्छ्यसे (indicative passive second-person singular)
पृच्छ्येथे (dual indicative passive second-person)
पृच्छ्यध्वे (indicative passive plural second-person)
पृच्छामि (active first-person indicative singular)
पृच्छावः (active dual first-person indicative)
पृच्छामः (active first-person indicative plural)
पृच्छे (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
पृच्छावहे (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
पृच्छामहे (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
पृच्छ्ये (first-person indicative passive singular)
पृच्छ्यावहे (dual first-person indicative passive)
पृच्छ्यामहे (first-person indicative passive plural)
पृच्छतु (active indicative singular third-person)
पृच्छताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
पृच्छन्तु (active indicative plural third-person)
पृच्छताम् (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
पृच्छेताम् (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
पृच्छन्ताम् (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
पृच्छ्यताम् (indicative passive singular third-person)
पृच्छ्येताम् (dual indicative passive third-person)
पृच्छ्यन्ताम् (indicative passive plural third-person)
पृच्छ (active indicative second-person singular)
पृच्छतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
पृच्छत (active indicative plural second-person)
पृच्छस्व (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
पृच्छेथाम् (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
पृच्छध्वम् (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
पृच्छ्यस्व (indicative passive second-person singular)
पृच्छ्येथाम् (dual indicative passive second-person)
पृच्छ्यध्वम् (indicative passive plural second-person)
पृच्छानि (active first-person indicative singular)
पृच्छाव (active dual first-person indicative)
पृच्छाम (active first-person indicative plural)
पृच्छै (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
पृच्छावहै (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
पृच्छामहै (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
पृच्छ्यै (first-person indicative passive singular)
पृच्छ्यावहै (dual first-person indicative passive)
पृच्छ्यामहै (first-person indicative passive plural)
पृच्छेत् (active indicative singular third-person)
पृच्छेताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
पृच्छेयुः (active indicative plural third-person)
पृच्छेत (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
पृच्छेयाताम् (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
पृच्छेरन् (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
पृच्छ्येत (indicative passive singular third-person)
पृच्छ्येयाताम् (dual indicative passive third-person)
पृच्छ्येरन् (indicative passive plural third-person)
पृच्छेः (active indicative second-person singular)
पृच्छेतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
पृच्छेत (active indicative plural second-person)
पृच्छेथाः (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
पृच्छेयाथाम् (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
पृच्छेध्वम् (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
पृच्छ्येथाः (indicative passive second-person singular)
पृच्छ्येयाथाम् (dual indicative passive second-person)
पृच्छ्येध्वम् (indicative passive plural second-person)
पृच्छेयम् (active first-person indicative singular)
पृच्छेव (active dual first-person indicative)
पृच्छेमः (active first-person indicative plural)
पृच्छेय (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
पृच्छेवहि (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
पृच्छेमहि (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
पृच्छ्येय (first-person indicative passive singular)
पृच्छ्येवहि (dual first-person indicative passive)
पृच्छ्येमहि (first-person indicative passive plural)
पृच्छत् (active participle singular)
or (active dual participle)
पृच्छन्त् (active participle plural)
पृच्छमान (middle-voice participle)
पृच्छ्यमान (participle passive)
अपृच्छत् (imperfect)
अपृच्छत (imperfect)
अपृच्छ्यत (imperfect)
अपृच्छत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अपृच्छताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अपृच्छन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अपृच्छत (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
अपृच्छेताम् (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
अपृच्छन्त (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
अपृच्छ्यत (indicative passive singular third-person)
अपृच्छ्येताम् (dual indicative passive third-person)
अपृच्छ्यन्त (indicative passive plural third-person)
अपृच्छः (active indicative second-person singular)
अपृच्छतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अपृच्छत (active indicative plural second-person)
अपृच्छथाः (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
अपृच्छेथाम् (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
अपृच्छध्वम् (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
अपृच्छ्यथाः (indicative passive second-person singular)
अपृच्छ्येथाम् (dual indicative passive second-person)
अपृच्छ्यध्वम् (indicative passive plural second-person)
अपृच्छम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अपृच्छाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अपृच्छाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अपृच्छे (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
अपृच्छावहि (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
अपृच्छामहि (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
अपृच्छ्ये (first-person indicative passive singular)
अपृच्छ्यावहि (dual first-person indicative passive)
अपृच्छ्यामहि (first-person indicative passive plural)
प्रक्ष्यति (active future person singular third-person)
प्रक्ष्यतः (active dual future person third-person)
प्रक्ष्यन्ति (active future person plural third-person)
प्रक्ष्यते (future middle-voice person singular third-person)
प्रक्ष्येते (dual future middle-voice person third-person)
प्रक्ष्यन्ते (future middle-voice person plural third-person)
प्रक्ष्यसि (active future person second-person singular)
प्रक्ष्यथः (active dual future person second-person)
प्रक्ष्यथ (active future person plural second-person)
प्रक्ष्यसे (future middle-voice person second-person singular)
प्रक्ष्येथे (dual future middle-voice person second-person)
प्रक्ष्यध्वे (future middle-voice person plural second-person)
प्रक्ष्यामि (active first-person future person singular)
प्रक्ष्यावः (active dual first-person future person)
प्रक्ष्यामः (active first-person future person plural)
प्रक्ष्ये (first-person future middle-voice person singular)
प्रक्ष्यावहे (dual first-person future middle-voice person)
प्रक्ष्यामहे (first-person future middle-voice person plural)
प्रष्टा (active future person singular third-person)
प्रष्टारौ (active dual future person third-person)
प्रष्टारः (active future person plural third-person)
प्रष्टासि (active future person second-person singular)
प्रष्टास्थः (active dual future person second-person)
प्रष्टास्थ (active future person plural second-person)
प्रष्टास्मि (active first-person future person singular)
प्रष्टास्वः (active dual first-person future person)
प्रष्टास्मः (active first-person future person plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: phúčik

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: पूछ्णो (pūchṇo)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: पुछ्नु (puchnu)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: पुच्छ्णू (pucchṇū)

Churahi: पुच्छ्णा (pucchṇā)

Pangwali: पुच्छ्णा (pucchṇā)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀤𑀺 (pucchadi)

Assamese: পোঁছ (pü̃s)

Bengali: পুছা (pucha)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: पुछल (puchal)

Maithili: पूछब (pūchab)

Odia: ପୁଛିବା (puchibā)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (pucchaï)

Old Marathi: pusaṇe

Devanagari script: पुसणे

Modi script: 𑘢𑘳𑘭𑘜𑘹

desc

Niya Prakrit: 𐨤𐨿𐨪𐨁𐨖𐨟𐨁 (prichati), 𐨤𐨃𐨖𐨟𐨁 (pṛchati)

Pali: pucchati

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: pucchṇā

Gurmukhi script: ਪੁੱਛਣਾ

Shahmukhi script: پچھنا

Sindhi: puchaṇu

Arabic script: پُڇَڻُ

Devanagari script: पुछणु

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀤𑀺 (pucchadi)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Awadhi: पूछब (pūchab)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Old Gujarati: पूछिवउं (pūchivaũ)

Old Gujarati: प्रीछइ (prīchaï)

Gujarati: પ્રિછવું (prichvũ)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindustani:

Hindi: पूछना (pūchnā)

Urdu: پوچھنا (pūchnā)

Romani: pućhel

Caló: puchar

⇒ Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: पृछणे (pṛchaṇe)

Modi script: 𑘢𑘵𑘔𑘜𑘹 (pṛchaṇe)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥śćáti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥šćáti, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥sḱéti (“to ask”). Cognates include Avestan 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (pər^əsaⁱti), Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎰- (f-r-θ- /fraθ-/), Old Armenian հարցանեմ (harcʻanem), Latin poscō, Old English frignan (whence English frain), Russian проси́ть (prosítʹ), Northern Kurdish pirsîn, Persian پُرسیدَن (porsidan).


तक्षति

sa-verb

तक्षति • (tákṣati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root तक्ष्)

tákṣati (romanization)
तक्ष् (root)
तक्षति (present)
तक्षते (present)
तक्षति (active indicative singular third-person)
तक्षतः (active dual indicative third-person)
तक्षन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
तक्षते (indicative singular third-person)
तक्षेते (dual indicative third-person)
तक्षन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
तक्षसि (active indicative second-person singular)
तक्षथः (active dual indicative second-person)
तक्षथ (active indicative plural second-person)
तक्षसे (indicative second-person singular)
तक्षेथे (dual indicative second-person)
तक्षध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
तक्षामि (active first-person indicative singular)
तक्षावः (active dual first-person indicative)
तक्षामः (active first-person indicative plural)
तक्षामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
तक्षे (first-person indicative singular)
तक्षावहे (dual first-person indicative)
तक्षामहे (first-person indicative plural)
तक्षतु (active imperative singular third-person)
तक्षताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
तक्षन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
तक्षताम् (imperative singular third-person)
तक्षेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
तक्षन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
तक्ष (active imperative second-person singular)
तक्षतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
तक्षत (active imperative plural second-person)
तक्षस्व (imperative second-person singular)
तक्षेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
तक्षध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
तक्षाणि (active first-person imperative singular)
तक्षाव (active dual first-person imperative)
तक्षाम (active first-person imperative plural)
तक्षै (first-person imperative singular)
तक्षावहै (dual first-person imperative)
तक्षामहै (first-person imperative plural)
तक्षेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
तक्षेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
तक्षेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
तक्षेत (imperative singular third-person)
तक्षेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
तक्षेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
तक्षेः (active imperative second-person singular)
तक्षेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
तक्षेत (active imperative plural second-person)
तक्षेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
तक्षेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
तक्षेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
तक्षेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
तक्षेव (active dual first-person imperative)
तक्षेम (active first-person imperative plural)
तक्षेय (first-person imperative singular)
तक्षेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
तक्षेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
तक्षात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
तक्षाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
तक्षातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
तक्षान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
तक्षाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
तक्षातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
तक्षैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
तक्षन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
तक्षान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
तक्षाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
तक्षाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
तक्षासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
तक्षाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
तक्षाणि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
तक्षाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
तक्षै (first-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
तक्षामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
तक्षत् (active participle)
तक्षमाण (participle)
अतक्षत् (imperfect)
अतक्षत (imperfect)
अतक्षत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अतक्षताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अतक्षन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अतक्षत (indicative singular third-person)
अतक्षेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अतक्षन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अतक्षः (active indicative second-person singular)
अतक्षतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अतक्षत (active indicative plural second-person)
अतक्षथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अतक्षेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अतक्षध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अतक्षम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अतक्षाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अतक्षाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अतक्षे (first-person indicative singular)
अतक्षावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अतक्षामहि (first-person indicative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: tachun

Arabic script: تَچھُک

Devanagari script: तछुन

Khowar: توچھک (točhik)

Pali: tacchati, tacchēti

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀢𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (tacchaï), 𑀘𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (cacchaï), 𑀘𑀁𑀙𑀇 (caṃchaï)
Central:
Hindustani: cā̃chnā
Hindi: चाँछना
Urdu: چانچھنا
Eastern:
Bengali: চাঁছা (cãcha)
Bihari:
Bhojpuri: चाँछल (cā̃chal)
Odia: ଟାଞ୍ଛିବା (ṭāñchibā), ଚାଞ୍ଛିବା (cāñchibā), ଛାଞ୍ଚିବା (chāñcibā)
Northern:
Kumaoni: ताछ्णो (tāchṇo)
Nepali: ताछ्नु (tāchnu)
Northwestern:
Punjabi: tacchṇā
Gurmukhi script: ਤੱਛਣਾ
Shahmukhi script: تچھنا
Southern:
Marathi: तासणे (tāsṇe)
Sinhalese: සහිනවා (sahinawā), හහිනවා (hahinawā)
Western:
Gujarati: તાછવું (tāchvũ)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *táṭṣati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *táćšati, from Proto-Indo-European *tḗtḱ-ti ~ *tétḱ-n̥ti, from *tetḱ- (“to create, cut”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌 𐬙𐬁𐬱𐬙𐬌 (auui tāšti). Compare also Old Armenian տաշեմ (tašem), an Iranian borrowing.


सकर्मक

sa-karmaka (romanization)
सकर्मकः (nominative singular)
सकर्मकौ (dual nominative)
सकर्मकाः (nominative plural)
सकर्मक (singular vocative)
सकर्मकौ (dual vocative)
सकर्मकाः (plural vocative)
सकर्मकम् (accusative singular)
सकर्मकौ (accusative dual)
सकर्मकान् (accusative plural)
सकर्मकेण (instrumental singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सकर्मकैः (instrumental plural)
सकर्मकाय (dative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सकर्मकेभ्यः (dative plural)
सकर्मकात् (ablative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सकर्मकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सकर्मकस्य (genitive singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual genitive)
सकर्मकाणाम् (genitive plural)
सकर्मके (locative singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual locative)
सकर्मकेषु (locative plural)
सकर्मका (nominative singular)
सकर्मके (dual nominative)
सकर्मकाः (nominative plural)
सकर्मके (singular vocative)
सकर्मके (dual vocative)
सकर्मकाः (plural vocative)
सकर्मकाम् (accusative singular)
सकर्मके (accusative dual)
सकर्मकाः (accusative plural)
सकर्मकया (instrumental singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सकर्मकाभिः (instrumental plural)
सकर्मकायै (dative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सकर्मकाभ्यः (dative plural)
सकर्मकायाः (ablative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सकर्मकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
सकर्मकायाः (genitive singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual genitive)
सकर्मकाणाम् (genitive plural)
सकर्मकायाम् (locative singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual locative)
सकर्मकासु (locative plural)
सकर्मकम् (nominative singular)
सकर्मके (dual nominative)
सकर्मकाणि (nominative plural)
सकर्मक (singular vocative)
सकर्मके (dual vocative)
सकर्मकाणि (plural vocative)
सकर्मकम् (accusative singular)
सकर्मके (accusative dual)
सकर्मकाणि (accusative plural)
सकर्मकेण (instrumental singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सकर्मकैः (instrumental plural)
सकर्मकाय (dative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सकर्मकेभ्यः (dative plural)
सकर्मकात् (ablative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सकर्मकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सकर्मकस्य (genitive singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual genitive)
सकर्मकाणाम् (genitive plural)
सकर्मके (locative singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual locative)
सकर्मकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of सकर्मक

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of सकर्मक

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">सकर्मक</i>

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

(grammar) ("having an object") transitive


कर्मन्

kárman (romanization)
कर्म (nominative singular)
कर्मणी (dual nominative)
कर्माणि (nominative plural)
कर्म1 (nominative plural)
कर्मा1 (nominative plural)
कर्मन् (singular vocative)
कर्म (singular vocative)
कर्मणी (dual vocative)
कर्माणि (plural vocative)
कर्म1 (plural vocative)
कर्मा1 (plural vocative)
कर्म (accusative singular)
कर्मणी (accusative dual)
कर्माणि (accusative plural)
कर्म1 (accusative plural)
कर्मा1 (accusative plural)
कर्मणा (instrumental singular)
कर्मभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्मभिः (instrumental plural)
कर्मणे (dative singular)
कर्मभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्मभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्मणः (ablative singular)
कर्मभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्मभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्मणः (genitive singular)
कर्मणोः (dual genitive)
कर्मणाम् (genitive plural)
कर्मणि (locative singular)
कर्मन्1 (locative singular)
कर्मणोः (dual locative)
कर्मसु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: krom

Kashmiri: کٲم (kạ̄m)

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma)
Central:
Western Hindi:
Old Hindi: काम (kāma)
Braj: काम (kām)
Hindustani: kām
Hindi: काम
Urdu: کَام
Eastern:
Bengali-Assamese:
Early Assamese: কাম (kamo)
Assamese: কাম (kam)
Old Bengali: কাম (kāma)
Middle Bengali: কাম (kam)
Bengali: কাম (kam)
Rohingya: ham
Chakma: 𑄇𑄟𑄴 (kām)
Bihari:
Bhojpuri: kām
Devanagari script: काम
Kaithi script: 𑂍𑂰𑂧
Maithili: kām
Devanagari script: काम
Tirhuta script: 𑒏𑒰𑒧
Odia: କାମ (kāma)
Northern:
Central Pahari:
Garhwali: काम (kām)
Eastern Pahari:
Nepali: काम (kām)
Western Pahari:
Dogri: kamma
Devanagari script: कम्म
Dogra script: 𑠊𑠢𑠹𑠢
Northwestern:
Kachchi: કમ (kam)
Old Punjabi: ਕੰਮੁ (kammu)
Punjabi: kamm
Gurmukhi script: ਕੰਮ
Shahmukhi script: کَمّ
Saraiki: kamm
Devanagari script: कम्म
Multani script: 𑊄𑊠
Shahmukhi script: کَمّ
Sindhi: kamu
Arabic script: ڪَمُ
Devanagari script: कमु
Khudabadi script: 𑊺𑋗𑋣
Southern:
Insular:
Dhivehi: ކަން (kan̊)
Sinhalese: කම (kama)
Marathi-Konkani:
Konkani: kām
Devanagari script: काम
Kannada script: ಕಾಮ್
Latin script: kam
Old Marathi: kāma
Devanagari script: काम
Modi script: 𑘎𑘰𑘦
Marathi: kām
Devanagari script: काम
Modi script: 𑘎𑘰𑘦
Varhadi: kām
Devanagari script: काम
Modi script: 𑘎𑘰𑘦
Western:
Ahirani: काम (kām)
Old Gujarati: कंम (kaṃma)
Gojri: کَم (kamm)
Middle Gujarati: काम
Gujarati: કામ (kām), કામું (kāmũ)
Malvi: काम (kām)
Marwari:
Devanagari script: काम (kām)
Mahajani script: 𑅕𑅬 (km)
Nimadi: काम (kām)

Pali: kamma
→ Burmese: ကံ (kam)
→ Khmer: កម្ម (kam)
→ Lao: ກຳ (kam)
→ Thai: กรรม (gam)

→ Bengali: কর্ম (kormo)

→ Middle Chinese: 羯磨 (MC kjot ma|maH)

→ Japanese: 羯磨 (katsuma)

→ Korean: 갈마 (galma)

→ Dutch: karma (perhaps via English)

→ English: karma

→ Esperanto: karmo

→ Finnish: karma

→ Georgian: კარმა (ḳarma)

→ German: Karma

→ Gujarati: કર્મ (karma)

→ Hindi: कर्म (karm)

→ Icelandic: karma

→ Italian: karma

→ Japanese: カルマ (karuma)

→ Kannada: ಕರ್ಮ (karma)

→ Old Khmer: karmma

→ Thai: กรรม (gam)

→ Malayalam: കർമ്മം (kaṟmmaṁ)

→ Marathi: कर्म (karma)

→ Old Marathi: 𑘎𑘨𑘿𑘦 (karma)

→ Odia: କର୍ମ (karma)

→ Polish: karma

→ Portuguese: carma

→ Punjabi: ਕਰਮ (karam)/→ Punjabi: کَرَم (karam)

→ Russian: ка́рма (kárma)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ка̏рма / kȁrma

→ Spanish: karma

desc

→ Tamil: கருமம் (karumam), கர்மா (karmā)

→ Telugu: కర్మ (karma), కర్మము (karmamu)

→ Tocharian B: kārm

→ Turkish: karma

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kʷer-
Sanskrit कृ (kṛ)
Sanskrit -मन् (-man)
Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman)
According to Uṇ. iv, 144 an inner-Sanskrit derivation from the root कृ (kṛ, “to do, make, perform etc.”) + -मन् (-man). If inherited from Proto-Indo-European *kʷérmn̥, the paradigm must have been leveled from the weak stem, e.g. Proto-Indo-Iranian *čárma, *kr̥mán- > Proto-Indo-Aryan *kárma, *kárman-.

sa-root

कटं करोति (kaṭaṃ karoti)

पुत्रं प्रसूते (putraṃ prasūte) — she bears a son; विकार्य (vi-kārya), when change is implied either of the substance and form:

काष्ठं भस्म करोति (kāṣṭhaṃ bhasma karoti)

he reduces fuel to ashes; or of the form only e.g.

सुवर्णं कुण्डलं करोति (suvarṇaṃ kuṇḍalaṃ karoti) — he fashions gold into an ear-ring; प्राप्य (prā-pya), when any desired object is attained:

ग्रामं गच्छति (grāmaṃ gacchati)

चन्द्रं पश्यति (candraṃ paśyati) — he sees the moon; अनीप्सित (an-īpsita), when an undesired object is abandoned:

पापं त्यजति (pāpaṃ tyajati)

कर्तृ कर्तृ#Sanskrit

निर्वर्त्य निर्वर्त्य#Sanskrit

(grammar) the object that it stands either in the accusative (in active construction), or in the nominative (in passive construction), or in the genitive (in connection with a noun of action); opposed to कर्तृ (kartṛ́), the subject. (Pāṇ. 1-4, 49 ff.) It is of four kinds, namely a. निर्वर्त्य (nir-vartya), when anything new is produced:


छन्दस्

chándas (romanization)
छन्दः (nominative singular)
छन्दसी (dual nominative)
छन्दांसि (nominative plural)
छन्दः (singular vocative)
छन्दसी (dual vocative)
छन्दांसि (plural vocative)
छन्दः (accusative singular)
छन्दसी (accusative dual)
छन्दांसि (accusative plural)
छन्दसा (instrumental singular)
छन्दोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
छन्दोभिः (instrumental plural)
छन्दसे (dative singular)
छन्दोभ्याम् (dative dual)
छन्दोभ्यः (dative plural)
छन्दसः (ablative singular)
छन्दोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
छन्दोभ्यः (ablative plural)
छन्दसः (genitive singular)
छन्दसोः (dual genitive)
छन्दसाम् (genitive plural)
छन्दसि (locative singular)
छन्दसोः (dual locative)
छन्दःसु (locative plural)

/ˈt͡ɕʰɐn̪.d̪ɐs̪/

From the root छन्द् (chand).
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śćándas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *śćándas, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱend-.

स्तोमा॑ आसन्प्रति॒धय॑: कु॒रीरं॒ छन्द॑ ओप॒शः।
सू॒र्याया॑ अ॒श्विना॑ व॒राग्निरा॑सीत्पुरोग॒वः॥
stómā āsanpratidháya: kurī́raṃ chánda opaśáḥ.

Hymns were the cross-bars of the pole, Kurira-metre decked the car: the bridesmen were the Asvin Pair, Agni was leader of the train.


स्थान

sthā́na (romanization)
स्थानम् (nominative singular)
स्थाने (dual nominative)
स्थानानि (nominative plural)
स्थाना1 (nominative plural)
स्थान (singular vocative)
स्थाने (dual vocative)
स्थानानि (plural vocative)
स्थाना1 (plural vocative)
स्थानम् (accusative singular)
स्थाने (accusative dual)
स्थानानि (accusative plural)
स्थाना1 (accusative plural)
स्थानेन (instrumental singular)
स्थानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्थानैः (instrumental plural)
स्थानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्थानाय (dative singular)
स्थानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्थानेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्थानात् (ablative singular)
स्थानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्थानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्थानस्य (genitive singular)
स्थानयोः (dual genitive)
स्थानानाम् (genitive plural)
स्थाने (locative singular)
स्थानयोः (dual locative)
स्थानेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Dameli: ثان (thān)

Gawar-Bati: ٹھَن (ṭhan)

Kalasha: thon

desc

Kashmiri: تھانہٕ (thānụ, “police station”), تھَانَ (“dwelling place”)

Khowar: تھَن (than, “body”)

Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (tān)

Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (thān)

⇒ Shumashti: [script needed] (šāṛie-thōone)

Tirahi: [script needed] (thān)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ތަން (tan̊)

Sinhalese: තන (tana)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀞𑀸𑀡 (ṭhāṇa)

Konkani: ठाण (ṭhāṇ, “camp”)

Marathi: ठाण (ṭhāṇ)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀞𑀸𑀡 (ṭhāṇa)

Early Assamese: থান (thano)

Assamese: থান (than), ঠান (than, “shape”), থানা (thana, “police station”)

Bengali: থান (than), থানা (thana, “police station, post”), ঠাঁই (ṭhãi)

Odia: ଠାଣା (ṭhāṇā, “post”), ଠଣା (ṭhaṇā, “residence”)

desctree

Pali: ṭhāna
→ Burmese: ဌာန (htana., “place”)
→ Khmer: ឋាន (thaan, “place”), ដ្ឋាន (thaan) (as suffix)
→ Tamil: தானி (tāṉi)
→ Thai: ฐาน (tǎan, “place, evidence; because”)
→ Lao: ຖານ (thān, “place, evidence; because”)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀞𑀸𑀡 (ṭhāṇa)
Garhwali: थान (thān)
Gujarati: ઠાણ (ṭhāṇ), થાણું (thāṇũ, “police station”)
Hindustani:
Hindi: थान (thān), थाना (thānā, “police station”)
Urdu: تھان (thān), تھانہ (thānā, “police station”)
Kumaoni: थाणो (thāṇo, “police station”)
Konkani: ठाण (ṭhāṇ, “camp”)
Marathi: ठाण (ṭhāṇ)
Nepali: थानु (thānu), थाना (thānā, “police station”)
Punjabi: ਥਾਣ (thāṇ), ਥਾਣਾ (thāṇā, “police station”)
Romani: than
Sindhi: थाणो (ṭhāṇo), ठाणु (ṭhāṇu, “stall in a stable”)

Romani: than

Vlax Romani: tan

Welsh Romani: than

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: स्थान (sthān)

Urdu: ستھان (sthān)

→ Bengali: স্থান (sthan)

→ Kannada: ಸ್ಥಾನ (sthāna)

→ Lao: ສະຖານ (sa thān)

→ Lü: ᦉᦏᦱᧃ (ṡṫhaan), ᦏᦱᧃᧉ (ṫhaan²)

→ Malayalam: സ്ഥാനം (sthānaṁ)

→ Marathi: स्थान (sthān)

desc

→ Telugu: స్థానము (sthānamu), స్థానం (sthānaṁ)

→ Thai: สถาน (sà-tǎan), สถานะ (sà-tǎa-ná)

/ˈs̪t̪ʰɑː.n̪ɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *stáHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂-no-m, from *steh₂- (“to stand”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀 (stāna), Old Persian 𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴 (s-t-a-n /stāna/), Persian ـستان (-estân, “place”). By surface analysis, स्था (sthā) + -अन (-ana).

surf

(astrology) a mansion or its subdivision


कोश

kóśa (romanization)
कोशः (nominative singular)
कोशौ (dual nominative)
कोशा1 (dual nominative)
कोशाः (nominative plural)
कोशासः1 (nominative plural)
कोश (singular vocative)
कोशौ (dual vocative)
कोशा1 (dual vocative)
कोशाः (plural vocative)
कोशासः1 (plural vocative)
कोशम् (accusative singular)
कोशौ (accusative dual)
कोशा1 (accusative dual)
कोशान् (accusative plural)
कोशेन (instrumental singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोशैः (instrumental plural)
कोशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कोशाय (dative singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोशेभ्यः (dative plural)
कोशात् (ablative singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोशस्य (genitive singular)
कोशयोः (dual genitive)
कोशानाम् (genitive plural)
कोशे (locative singular)
कोशयोः (dual locative)
कोशेषु (locative plural)
कोशम् (nominative singular)
कोशे (dual nominative)
कोशानि (nominative plural)
कोशा1 (nominative plural)
कोश (singular vocative)
कोशे (dual vocative)
कोशानि (plural vocative)
कोशा1 (plural vocative)
कोशम् (accusative singular)
कोशे (accusative dual)
कोशानि (accusative plural)
कोशा1 (accusative plural)
कोशेन (instrumental singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोशैः (instrumental plural)
कोशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कोशाय (dative singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोशेभ्यः (dative plural)
कोशात् (ablative singular)
कोशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोशस्य (genitive singular)
कोशयोः (dual genitive)
कोशानाम् (genitive plural)
कोशे (locative singular)
कोशयोः (dual locative)
कोशेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: কোশ (küx)

→ Bengali: কোশ (kōś), কোষ (kōś)

→ English: kosha

→ Hindi: कोश (koś)

→ Malay: kosa

Indonesian: kosa

Nepali: कोश् (koś) / कोसो (koso)

→ Odia: କୋଷ (kosha)

Sindhi: ڪوشُ

→ Tamil: கோசம் (kōcam)

→ Telugu: కోశము (kōśamu)

→ Thai: โกศ (gòot)

Pali: kosa

desc

→ Punjabi: ਕੋਸ਼ (koś, “store, glossary, lexicon”)

Probably from the verb कुश्यति (kuśyati, “to embrace, enfold”), related to कुक्षि (kukṣí, “belly, interior”) and कोष्ठ (koṣṭha, “viscera of the body”), or from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káwćas, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kówH-ḱo-s, probably from *(s)kewH-. Compare Kamkata-viri kuć, kyuć, Lithuanian káušas.


हिमालय

himālaya (romanization)
हिमालयः (nominative singular)
हिमालय (singular vocative)
हिमालयम् (accusative singular)
हिमालयेन (instrumental singular)
हिमालयाय (dative singular)
हिमालयात् (ablative singular)
हिमालयस्य (genitive singular)
हिमालये (locative singular)

→ Chinese: 喜馬拉雅／喜马拉雅

→ Chinese: 喜馬拉雅／喜马拉雅

→ Tamil: இமயம் (imayam)

→ Tibetan: ཧི་མ་ལ་ཡ (hi ma la ya)

→ Assamese: হিমালয় (himaloy) (learned)

→ Bengali: হিমালয় (himaloẏ) (learned)

→ Gujarati: હિમાલય (himālya) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: हिमालय (himālay)

Urdu: ہمالے (himāle)

→ Malayalam: ഹിമാലയം (himālayaṁ) (learned)

→ Marathi: हिमालय (himālay) (learned)

→ Nepali: हिमालय (himālaya) (learned)

→ Odia: ହିମାଳୟ (himāḷaya) (learned)

→ Telugu: హిమాలయము (himālayamu), హిమాలయం (himālayaṁ) (learned)

desctree

→ Urdu: ہمالیہ (himāliya) (semi-learned)
→ Arabic: هِمَالِيَة (himāliya)

→ English: Himalaya, Himmaleh (learned)

⇒ English: Himalayas

→ German: Himalaja (learned)

Compound of हिम (hima, “snow, frost”) + आलय (ālaya, “house, dwelling”).

com+

(Hinduism, mythology) Himalaya, the personified range, husband of Menaka and father of Parvati (wife of Shiva) and Ganga (the personified Ganges)


सरस्वती

sárasvatī (romanization)
सरस्वती (nominative singular)
सरस्वति (singular vocative)
सरस्वतीम् (accusative singular)
सरस्वत्या (instrumental singular)
सरस्वत्यै (dative singular)
सरस्वत्याः (ablative singular)
सरस्वत्यै1 (ablative singular)
सरस्वत्याः (genitive singular)
सरस्वत्यै1 (genitive singular)
सरस्वत्याम् (locative singular)

/s̪ɐˈɾɐs̪.ʋɐ.t̪iː/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *SáraswatiH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *SáraswatiH, from Proto-Indo-European *sélos. Equivalent to सरस् (sáras, “pond”) + -वती (-vatī, “-ful”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬑𐬬𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬍 (haraxvaⁱtī), a region described to be rich in rivers, Old Persian 𐏃𐎼𐎢𐎺𐎫 (h-r-u-v-t /harauvati/), the Helmand river system.

cog

प्र क्षोद॑सा॒ धाय॑सा सस्र ए॒षा सर॑स्वती ध॒रुण॒माय॑सी॒ पूः ।
प्र॒बाब॑धाना र॒थ्ये॑व याति॒ विश्वा॑ अ॒पो म॑हि॒ना सिन्धु॑र॒न्याः ॥
prá kṣódasā dhā́yasā sasra eṣā́ sárasvatī dharúṇamā́yasī pū́ḥ.
prabā́badhānā rathyèva yāti víśvā apó mahinā́ síndhuranyā́ḥ.

This Sarasvatī, firm as a city made of metal, flows rapidly with all sustaining water, sweeping away in it might all other waters, as a charioteer clears the road.

(history, geography) the Saraswati river, of which only a small stream remains as the Ghaggar River


मल

mála (romanization)
m in later language (also)
मलम् (nominative singular)
मले (dual nominative)
मलानि (nominative plural)
मला1 (nominative plural)
मल (singular vocative)
मले (dual vocative)
मलानि (plural vocative)
मला1 (plural vocative)
मलम् (accusative singular)
मले (accusative dual)
मलानि (accusative plural)
मला1 (accusative plural)
मलेन (instrumental singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मलैः (instrumental plural)
मलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मलाय (dative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मलात् (ablative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मलस्य (genitive singular)
मलयोः (dual genitive)
मलानाम् (genitive plural)
मले (locative singular)
मलयोः (dual locative)
मलेषु (locative plural)
मलः (nominative singular)
मलौ (dual nominative)
मला1 (dual nominative)
मलाः (nominative plural)
मलासः1 (nominative plural)
मल (singular vocative)
मलौ (dual vocative)
मला1 (dual vocative)
मलाः (plural vocative)
मलासः1 (plural vocative)
मलम् (accusative singular)
मलौ (accusative dual)
मला1 (accusative dual)
मलान् (accusative plural)
मलेन (instrumental singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मलैः (instrumental plural)
मलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मलाय (dative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मलात् (ablative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मलस्य (genitive singular)
मलयोः (dual genitive)
मलानाम् (genitive plural)
मले (locative singular)
मलयोः (dual locative)
मलेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *málas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *málas, from Proto-Indo-European *mélh₂-os, from *melh₂- (“black”). Cognate with Ancient Greek μέλας (mélas), Old Prussian melne.

(medicine) any bodily excretion or secretion (especially those of the dhatus, described as phlegm from chyle, bile from the blood, nose mucus and ear wax from the flesh, perspiration from the fat, nails and hair from the bones, rheum of the eye from the brain)


कर्कट

karkaṭa (romanization)
कर्कटः (nominative singular)
कर्कटौ (dual nominative)
कर्कटा1 (dual nominative)
कर्कटाः (nominative plural)
कर्कटासः1 (nominative plural)
कर्कट (singular vocative)
कर्कटौ (dual vocative)
कर्कटा1 (dual vocative)
कर्कटाः (plural vocative)
कर्कटासः1 (plural vocative)
कर्कटम् (accusative singular)
कर्कटौ (accusative dual)
कर्कटा1 (accusative dual)
कर्कटान् (accusative plural)
कर्कटेन (instrumental singular)
कर्कटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्कटैः (instrumental plural)
कर्कटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कर्कटाय (dative singular)
कर्कटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्कटेभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्कटात् (ablative singular)
कर्कटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्कटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्कटस्य (genitive singular)
कर्कटयोः (dual genitive)
कर्कटानाम् (genitive plural)
कर्कटे (locative singular)
कर्कटयोः (dual locative)
कर्कटेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Tirahi: [script needed] (kaṅgarā́)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: කකුළුවා (kakuḷuwā)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)

Old Marathi:

Marathi: खेकडा (khekḍā)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)

Early Assamese: কাঙ্কৰা (kaṅkora)

Middle Assamese: কঁকৰা (kõkora)

desc

Assamese: কেঁকোৰা (kẽküra), কাঁক্ৰা (kãkra) (Kamrupi dialect)

→ Bodo (India): खांख्राय (kangkray)

→ Dimasa: khangkrai

Old Bengali: কাংকডা (kāṃkaḍā)

Middle Bengali: কাঁকড়া (kãkoṛa)

Bengali: কাঁকড়া (kãkṛa)

Kamta: কাঁকৰা (kãkora)

Odia: କାଂକଡ଼ା (kāṅkaṛā), କାକାଡ଼ା (kākāṛā)

Sylheti: ꠇꠣꠇꠠꠣ (xaxoṛa)

Pali: kakkaṭaka

→ Khmer: កក្កដា (kakkaʼdaa)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)

Hindustani:

Hindi: केकड़ (kekaṛ), केकड़ा (kekṛā)

Urdu: کےکَڑ (kekaṛ), کیکڑا

Punjabi: ਕੇਕੜਾ (kekṛā)

Lahnda: [script needed] (kakkaṛ)

Western:

Sindhi:

Devanagari script: केकड़ो

Arabic script: ڪڪڙ

→ Bengali: কর্কট (korkoṭ)

→ Dhivehi: ކަރުކަށަ (karukaṣa)

→ Telugu: కర్కటము (karkaṭamu)

→ Thai: กรกฎ (gɔɔ-rá-gòt)

→ Tibetan: ཀརྐ་ཊ (krka ṭa)

→ Burmese: ကရကဋ် (ka.ra.kat)

→ Classical Newar: कखडि

Newar: कःलि (ka:li)

/ˈkɐɾ.kɐ.ʈɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *karkartas, according to Pokorny, related to कर्कर (karkara, “hard”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂er- (“hard”) (see also Welsh crach (“crust”), Proto-Slavic *rakъ (“crayfish”)). Latin cancer and Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos, “crab”) could also be related, but this is uncertain.
More likely from a substrate language, and possibly cognate with Santali ᱠᱟᱴᱠᱚᱢ (kaṭkôm); however, this is uncertain, as the latter could also be from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kt₁aam. However, the Santali word is definitely not borrowed from Sanskrit; and a borrowing from Munda languages into Sanskrit is not verifiable.


मृत्यु

mṛtyú (romanization)
मृत्युः (nominative singular)
मृत्यू (dual nominative)
मृत्यवः (nominative plural)
मृत्यो (singular vocative)
मृत्यू (dual vocative)
मृत्यवः (plural vocative)
मृत्युम् (accusative singular)
मृत्यू (accusative dual)
मृत्यून् (accusative plural)
मृत्युना (instrumental singular)
मृत्य्वा1 (instrumental singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मृत्युभिः (instrumental plural)
मृत्यवे (dative singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (dative dual)
मृत्युभ्यः (dative plural)
मृत्योः (ablative singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मृत्युभ्यः (ablative plural)
मृत्योः (genitive singular)
मृत्य्वोः (dual genitive)
मृत्यूनाम् (genitive plural)
मृत्यौ (locative singular)
मृत्य्वोः (dual locative)
मृत्युषु (locative plural)
मृत्युः (nominative singular)
मृत्यू (dual nominative)
मृत्यवः (nominative plural)
मृत्यो (singular vocative)
मृत्यू (dual vocative)
मृत्यवः (plural vocative)
मृत्युम् (accusative singular)
मृत्यू (accusative dual)
मृत्यूः (accusative plural)
मृत्य्वा (instrumental singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मृत्युभिः (instrumental plural)
मृत्यवे (dative singular)
मृत्य्वै1 (dative singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (dative dual)
मृत्युभ्यः (dative plural)
मृत्योः (ablative singular)
मृत्य्वाः1 (ablative singular)
मृत्य्वै2 (ablative singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मृत्युभ्यः (ablative plural)
मृत्योः (genitive singular)
मृत्य्वाः1 (genitive singular)
मृत्य्वै2 (genitive singular)
मृत्य्वोः (dual genitive)
मृत्यूनाम् (genitive plural)
मृत्यौ (locative singular)
मृत्य्वाम्1 (locative singular)
मृत्य्वोः (dual locative)
मृत्युषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼 (maccu)

Pali: maccu

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindi: मीच (mīc)

→ Assamese: মৃত্যু (mriittu)

→ Bengali: মৃত্যু (mrittu)

→ Gujarati: મૃત્યુ (mŕtyu)

→ Hindi: मृत्यु (mŕtyu)

→ Kannada: ಮೃತ್ಯು (mṛtyu)

→ Khmer: ម្រឹត្យ (mrɨtyɑɑ)

→ Javanese: mreti (kawi class)

→ Thai: มฤตยู (má-rʉ́t-dtà-yuu)

→ Marathi: मृत्यू (mŕtyū)

→ Tamil: மிருத்தியு (miruttiyu)

→ Telugu: మృత్యువు (mr̥tyuvu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tyúš (“death”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬌𐬌𐬎 (mər^əθiiu), Old Persian 𐎶𐎼𐏁𐎡𐎹 (m-r-š-i-y /məršiyu/), Lithuanian mirtis, Latin mors.


मणि

maṇí (romanization)
मणिः (nominative singular)
मणी (dual nominative)
मणयः (nominative plural)
मणे (singular vocative)
मणी (dual vocative)
मणयः (plural vocative)
मणिम् (accusative singular)
मणी (accusative dual)
मणीन् (accusative plural)
मणिना (instrumental singular)
मण्या1 (instrumental singular)
मणिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मणिभिः (instrumental plural)
मणये (dative singular)
मणिभ्याम् (dative dual)
मणिभ्यः (dative plural)
मणेः (ablative singular)
मण्यः1 (ablative singular)
मणिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मणिभ्यः (ablative plural)
मणेः (genitive singular)
मण्यः1 (genitive singular)
मण्योः (dual genitive)
मणीनाम् (genitive plural)
मणौ (locative singular)
मणा1 (locative singular)
मण्योः (dual locative)
मणिषु (locative plural)

Pali: maṇi

→ Burmese: မဏိ (ma.ni.)

→ Hindi: मणि (maṇi)

→ Malayalam: മണി (maṇi)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: maṇi, maṇik
Javanese: ꦩꦤꦶꦏ꧀ (manik)
→ Balinese: ᬫᬡᬷᬓ᭄ (manik)

→ Tamil: மணி (maṇi)

→ Telugu: మణి (maṇi)

→ Urdu: منی (manī)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *maníṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *maníš, from Proto-Indo-European *mon-is (“ornament, jewel”), from *mon- (“neck”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬎-𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌 (zar^ənu-maⁱni, “with a golden neck ornament”), Latin monile (“jewel”), Old Norse men (“necklace”), Old English mene (“necklace”).

cog

𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬎-𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌

c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā


अपस्मार

apasmāra (romanization)
अपस्मारः (nominative singular)
अपस्मारौ (dual nominative)
अपस्माराः (nominative plural)
अपस्मार (singular vocative)
अपस्मारौ (dual vocative)
अपस्माराः (plural vocative)
अपस्मारम् (accusative singular)
अपस्मारौ (accusative dual)
अपस्मारान् (accusative plural)
अपस्मारेण (instrumental singular)
अपस्माराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अपस्मारैः (instrumental plural)
अपस्माराय (dative singular)
अपस्माराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अपस्मारेभ्यः (dative plural)
अपस्मारात् (ablative singular)
अपस्माराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अपस्मारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अपस्मारस्य (genitive singular)
अपस्मारयोः (dual genitive)
अपस्माराणाम् (genitive plural)
अपस्मारे (locative singular)
अपस्मारयोः (dual locative)
अपस्मारेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अपस्मार

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्मारेभ्यः

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्मारेभ्यः

अपस्माराणाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्मारेभ्यः

अपस्माराभ्याम्

अपस्मारेभ्यः

अपस्माराणाम्

Hindi: अपस्मार (apasmār)

→ Tocharian B: apasmār


बिन्दु

bindú (romanization)
बिन्दुः (nominative singular)
बिन्दू (dual nominative)
बिन्दवः (nominative plural)
बिन्दो (singular vocative)
बिन्दू (dual vocative)
बिन्दवः (plural vocative)
बिन्दुम् (accusative singular)
बिन्दू (accusative dual)
बिन्दून् (accusative plural)
बिन्दुना (instrumental singular)
बिन्द्वा1 (instrumental singular)
बिन्दुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बिन्दुभिः (instrumental plural)
बिन्दवे (dative singular)
बिन्दुभ्याम् (dative dual)
बिन्दुभ्यः (dative plural)
बिन्दोः (ablative singular)
बिन्दुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बिन्दुभ्यः (ablative plural)
बिन्दोः (genitive singular)
बिन्द्वोः (dual genitive)
बिन्दूनाम् (genitive plural)
बिन्दौ (locative singular)
बिन्द्वोः (dual locative)
बिन्दुषु (locative plural)
बिन्दु (nominative singular)
बिन्दुनी (dual nominative)
बिन्दूनि (nominative plural)
बिन्दु1 (nominative plural)
बिन्दू1 (nominative plural)
बिन्दु (singular vocative)
बिन्दो (singular vocative)
बिन्दुनी (dual vocative)
बिन्दूनि (plural vocative)
बिन्दु1 (plural vocative)
बिन्दू1 (plural vocative)
बिन्दु (accusative singular)
बिन्दुनी (accusative dual)
बिन्दूनि (accusative plural)
बिन्दु1 (accusative plural)
बिन्दू1 (accusative plural)
बिन्दुना (instrumental singular)
बिन्द्वा1 (instrumental singular)
बिन्दुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बिन्दुभिः (instrumental plural)
बिन्दुने (dative singular)
बिन्दवे1 (dative singular)
बिन्दुभ्याम् (dative dual)
बिन्दुभ्यः (dative plural)
बिन्दुनः (ablative singular)
बिन्दोः1 (ablative singular)
बिन्दुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बिन्दुभ्यः (ablative plural)
बिन्दुनः (genitive singular)
बिन्दोः1 (genitive singular)
बिन्दुनोः (dual genitive)
बिन्दूनाम् (genitive plural)
बिन्दुनि (locative singular)
बिन्दौ1 (locative singular)
बिन्दुनोः (dual locative)
बिन्दुषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: বিন্দু (bindu)

→ Bengali: বিন্দু (bindu)

→ Hindi: बिन्दु (bindu), बिंदु (bindu)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: windu
Javanese: ꦮꦶꦤ꧀ꦢꦸ (windu, “a period of eight (Javanese) years”)
→ Indonesian: windu (“eight years”)
→ Balinese: ᬯᬶᬦ᭄ᬤᬸ (windu, “zero; dot, period, point”)

→ Malayalam: ബിന്ദു (bindu)

→ Odia: ବିନ୍ଦୁ (bindu)

→ Punjabi: ਬਿੰਦੂ (bindū)

Pali: bindu

Burmese: ဗိန္ဒု (bindu.)

→ Tamil: பிந்து (pintu)

→ Telugu: బిందువు (binduvu)

→ Thai: พินทุ (pin-tú)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *bindúṣ, of uncertain further origin. Per Turner, it is likely a substrate borrowing related to उण्डुक (uṇḍuka, “network”), इन्दु (indu, “drop”), इण्ड्व (iṇḍva, “(two) mats”), वीटा (vīṭā, “stick used in tipcat”), वृन्त (vṛnta, “stalk”) and विटप (viṭapa, “tree”).

बिन्दुक बिन्दुक#Sanskrit

(grammar, lexicography) (at the end of a compound also बिन्दुक (binduka)) the dot over a letter representing the anusvara (supposed to be connected with शिव (śiva) and of great mystical importance)


हेतु

hetú (romanization)
हेतुः (nominative singular)
हेतू (dual nominative)
हेतवः (nominative plural)
हेतो (singular vocative)
हेतू (dual vocative)
हेतवः (plural vocative)
हेतुम् (accusative singular)
हेतू (accusative dual)
हेतून् (accusative plural)
हेतुना (instrumental singular)
हेत्वा1 (instrumental singular)
हेतुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हेतुभिः (instrumental plural)
हेतवे (dative singular)
हेत्वे1 (dative singular)
हेतुभ्याम् (dative dual)
हेतुभ्यः (dative plural)
हेतोः (ablative singular)
हेत्वः1 (ablative singular)
हेतुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हेतुभ्यः (ablative plural)
हेतोः (genitive singular)
हेत्वः1 (genitive singular)
हेत्वोः (dual genitive)
हेतूनाम् (genitive plural)
हेतौ (locative singular)
हेत्वोः (dual locative)
हेतुषु (locative plural)

Pali: hetu
→ Khmer: ហេតុ (haet), ហែត (haet)
→ Northern Thai: เหตุ, ᩉᩮᨲᩩ, ᩉᩮ᩠ᨲᩩ
→ Thai: เหตุ (hèet)

→ Hindi: हेतु (hetu)

→ Marathi: हेतू (hetū)

→ Old Gujarati: हेतु (hetu)


साधन

sā́dhana (romanization)
साधनम् (nominative singular)
साधने (dual nominative)
साधनानि (nominative plural)
साधना1 (nominative plural)
साधन (singular vocative)
साधने (dual vocative)
साधनानि (plural vocative)
साधना1 (plural vocative)
साधनम् (accusative singular)
साधने (accusative dual)
साधनानि (accusative plural)
साधना1 (accusative plural)
साधनेन (instrumental singular)
साधनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
साधनैः (instrumental plural)
साधनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
साधनाय (dative singular)
साधनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
साधनेभ्यः (dative plural)
साधनात् (ablative singular)
साधनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
साधनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
साधनस्य (genitive singular)
साधनयोः (dual genitive)
साधनानाम् (genitive plural)
साधने (locative singular)
साधनयोः (dual locative)
साधनेषु (locative plural)

Pali: sādhana

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀡 (sāhaṇa)

Assamese: সাহন (xahon)

Marathi: साधन (sādhan)

→ Kannada: ಸಾಧನ (sādhana)

→ Tamil: சாதனம் (cātaṉam)

→ Telugu: సాధనము (sādhanamu)

/ˈs̪ɑː.d̪ʱɐ.n̪ɐ/

(grammar) the sense of the instrumental or agent (as expressed by the case of a noun, as opposed to the action itself)


साधारण

head

साधारण • (sādhāraṇa)

sādhāraṇa (romanization)
साधारणः (nominative singular)
साधारणौ (dual nominative)
साधारणा1 (dual nominative)
साधारणाः (nominative plural)
साधारणासः1 (nominative plural)
साधारण (singular vocative)
साधारणौ (dual vocative)
साधारणा1 (dual vocative)
साधारणाः (plural vocative)
साधारणासः1 (plural vocative)
साधारणम् (accusative singular)
साधारणौ (accusative dual)
साधारणा1 (accusative dual)
साधारणान् (accusative plural)
साधारणेन (instrumental singular)
साधारणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
साधारणैः (instrumental plural)
साधारणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
साधारणाय (dative singular)
साधारणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
साधारणेभ्यः (dative plural)
साधारणात् (ablative singular)
साधारणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
साधारणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
साधारणस्य (genitive singular)
साधारणयोः (dual genitive)
साधारणानाम् (genitive plural)
साधारणे (locative singular)
साधारणयोः (dual locative)
साधारणेषु (locative plural)
साधारणा (nominative singular)
साधारणे (dual nominative)
साधारणाः (nominative plural)
साधारणे (singular vocative)
साधारणे (dual vocative)
साधारणाः (plural vocative)
साधारणाम् (accusative singular)
साधारणे (accusative dual)
साधारणाः (accusative plural)
साधारणया (instrumental singular)
साधारणा1 (instrumental singular)
साधारणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
साधारणाभिः (instrumental plural)
साधारणायै (dative singular)
साधारणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
साधारणाभ्यः (dative plural)
साधारणायाः (ablative singular)
साधारणायै2 (ablative singular)
साधारणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
साधारणाभ्यः (ablative plural)
साधारणायाः (genitive singular)
साधारणायै2 (genitive singular)
साधारणयोः (dual genitive)
साधारणानाम् (genitive plural)
साधारणायाम् (locative singular)
साधारणयोः (dual locative)
साधारणासु (locative plural)
साधारणम् (nominative singular)
साधारणे (dual nominative)
साधारणानि (nominative plural)
साधारणा1 (nominative plural)
साधारण (singular vocative)
साधारणे (dual vocative)
साधारणानि (plural vocative)
साधारणा1 (plural vocative)
साधारणम् (accusative singular)
साधारणे (accusative dual)
साधारणानि (accusative plural)
साधारणा1 (accusative plural)
साधारणेन (instrumental singular)
साधारणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
साधारणैः (instrumental plural)
साधारणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
साधारणाय (dative singular)
साधारणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
साधारणेभ्यः (dative plural)
साधारणात् (ablative singular)
साधारणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
साधारणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
साधारणस्य (genitive singular)
साधारणयोः (dual genitive)
साधारणानाम् (genitive plural)
साधारणे (locative singular)
साधारणयोः (dual locative)
साधारणेषु (locative plural)

अनैकान्तिक अनैकान्तिक#Sanskrit

(logic) belonging to more than the one instance alleged (one of the three divisions of the fallacy called अनैकान्तिक (anaikāntika))


साधु

sādhú (romanization)
साधुः (nominative singular)
साधू (dual nominative)
साधवः (nominative plural)
साधो (singular vocative)
साधू (dual vocative)
साधवः (plural vocative)
साधुम् (accusative singular)
साधू (accusative dual)
साधून् (accusative plural)
साधुना (instrumental singular)
साध्वा1 (instrumental singular)
साधुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
साधुभिः (instrumental plural)
साधवे (dative singular)
साध्वे1 (dative singular)
साधुभ्याम् (dative dual)
साधुभ्यः (dative plural)
साधोः (ablative singular)
साध्वः1 (ablative singular)
साधुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
साधुभ्यः (ablative plural)
साधोः (genitive singular)
साध्वः1 (genitive singular)
साध्वोः (dual genitive)
साधूनाम् (genitive plural)
साधौ (locative singular)
साध्वोः (dual locative)
साधुषु (locative plural)

/ˈs̪ɑː.d̪ʱu/

(grammar) a derivative or inflected noun


विपक्ष

vi-pakṣa (romanization)
विपक्षः (nominative singular)
विपक्षौ (dual nominative)
विपक्षाः (nominative plural)
विपक्ष (singular vocative)
विपक्षौ (dual vocative)
विपक्षाः (plural vocative)
विपक्षम् (accusative singular)
विपक्षौ (accusative dual)
विपक्षान् (accusative plural)
विपक्षेण (instrumental singular)
विपक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विपक्षैः (instrumental plural)
विपक्षाय (dative singular)
विपक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
विपक्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
विपक्षात् (ablative singular)
विपक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विपक्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विपक्षस्य (genitive singular)
विपक्षयोः (dual genitive)
विपक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
विपक्षे (locative singular)
विपक्षयोः (dual locative)
विपक्षेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of विपक्ष

विपक्षाभ्याम्

विपक्षाभ्याम्

विपक्षाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

विपक्षाभ्याम्

विपक्षाभ्याम्

विपक्षाभ्याम्

(logic) a counter-statement, counter-instance, argument proving the contrary (e.g. "there cannot be fire in a lake, because there is no smoke there")


साध्य

sādhyá (romanization)
साध्यम् (nominative singular)
साध्ये (dual nominative)
साध्यानि (nominative plural)
साध्य (singular vocative)
साध्ये (dual vocative)
साध्यानि (plural vocative)
साध्यम् (accusative singular)
साध्ये (accusative dual)
साध्यानि (accusative plural)
साध्येन (instrumental singular)
साध्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
साध्यैः (instrumental plural)
साध्याय (dative singular)
साध्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
साध्येभ्यः (dative plural)
साध्यात् (ablative singular)
साध्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
साध्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
साध्यस्य (genitive singular)
साध्ययोः (dual genitive)
साध्यानाम् (genitive plural)
साध्ये (locative singular)
साध्ययोः (dual locative)
साध्येषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">साध्य</i>

साध्याभ्याम्

साध्याभ्याम्

साध्याभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

साध्याभ्याम्

साध्याभ्याम्

साध्याभ्याम्

Pali: sajjha

/ˈs̪ɑːd̪ʱ.jɐ/


वाणिज

vāṇijá (romanization)
वाणिजः (nominative singular)
वाणिजौ (dual nominative)
वाणिजा1 (dual nominative)
वाणिजाः (nominative plural)
वाणिजासः1 (nominative plural)
वाणिज (singular vocative)
वाणिजौ (dual vocative)
वाणिजा1 (dual vocative)
वाणिजाः (plural vocative)
वाणिजासः1 (plural vocative)
वाणिजम् (accusative singular)
वाणिजौ (accusative dual)
वाणिजा1 (accusative dual)
वाणिजान् (accusative plural)
वाणिजेन (instrumental singular)
वाणिजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाणिजैः (instrumental plural)
वाणिजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वाणिजाय (dative singular)
वाणिजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाणिजेभ्यः (dative plural)
वाणिजात् (ablative singular)
वाणिजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाणिजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाणिजस्य (genitive singular)
वाणिजयोः (dual genitive)
वाणिजानाम् (genitive plural)
वाणिजे (locative singular)
वाणिजयोः (dual locative)
वाणिजेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

desc

Kashmiri: वोञु॒ (wōñu॒), वाञुरु॒ (wāñuru॒)

Pali: vāṇija, vāṇijaka

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀺𑀅 (vāṇia), 𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀺𑀅𑀬 (vāṇiaya)

Bengali: বানিয়া (baniẏa), বেনে (bene)

Konkani: वाणि (vāṇi)

Old Gujarati: वाणीउ (vāṇīu), वाणीडु (vāṇīḍu)

Gujarati: વાણિયો (vāṇiyo)

→ Arabic: بَنِيَان (baniyān)

desctree

→ Portuguese: baniano, baniane
→ English: banyan

→ Spanish: baniano

→ Swahili: baniani

Marathi: वाणी (vāṇī)

Marwari: 𑅪𑅐𑅧𑅢𑅛õ (banṇjõ)

Punjabi: ਬਾਨਿਆ (bāniā)

desc

Sinhalese: වේණඳ (wēṇaⁿda), වේණේඳ (wēṇēⁿda), වේණද (wēṇada), වේඏඅඳ (wēl̥aⁿda), වේඏඒඳ (wēl̥ēⁿda)

Sindhi: 𑋛𑋠𑋌𑋪𑋘𑋠𑋌𑋢 (vāṇyāṇī), 𑋛𑋠𑋅𑋠𑋌𑋢 (vāñāṇī)

Urdu: بنيان (baniyān, “vest, undershirt”)

/ʋɑː.ɳi.d͡ʑɐ́/

/ˈʋɑː.ɳi.d͡ʑɐ/

Vṛddhi derivative of वणिज् (vaṇíj, “merchant, trader”).

vrd

(mythology) the submarine fire (supposed to be at the south-pole)


मरण

maraṇa (romanization)
मरणम् (nominative singular)
मरणे (dual nominative)
मरणानि (nominative plural)
मरणा1 (nominative plural)
मरण (singular vocative)
मरणे (dual vocative)
मरणानि (plural vocative)
मरणा1 (plural vocative)
मरणम् (accusative singular)
मरणे (accusative dual)
मरणानि (accusative plural)
मरणा1 (accusative plural)
मरणेन (instrumental singular)
मरणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मरणैः (instrumental plural)
मरणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मरणाय (dative singular)
मरणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मरणेभ्यः (dative plural)
मरणात् (ablative singular)
मरणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मरणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मरणस्य (genitive singular)
मरणयोः (dual genitive)
मरणानाम् (genitive plural)
मरणे (locative singular)
मरणयोः (dual locative)
मरणेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: মরণ (moron)

Gujarati: મરણ (maraṇ)

Hindi: मरण (maraṇ)

→ Kannada: ಮರಣ (maraṇa)

→ Malayalam: മരണം (maraṇaṁ)

Marathi: मरण (maraṇ)

→ Malay: merana

Indonesian: merana

→ Santali: ᱢᱳᱨᱳᱱ (moron)

Sinhalese: මරණය (maraṇaya)

→ Tamil: மரணம் (maraṇam)

→ Telugu: మరణము (maraṇamu)

→ Thai: มรณะ (morana), มรณ์

desc

→ Parthian: [script needed] (mrn /maran/)

From मृ (mṛ, “to die”, root) + -अन (-ana, nominalization suffix) with guṇa and sandhi.


वृषभ

vṛṣabhá (romanization)
वृषभः (nominative singular)
वृषभौ (dual nominative)
वृषभा1 (dual nominative)
वृषभाः (nominative plural)
वृषभासः1 (nominative plural)
वृषभ (singular vocative)
वृषभौ (dual vocative)
वृषभा1 (dual vocative)
वृषभाः (plural vocative)
वृषभासः1 (plural vocative)
वृषभम् (accusative singular)
वृषभौ (accusative dual)
वृषभा1 (accusative dual)
वृषभान् (accusative plural)
वृषभेण (instrumental singular)
वृषभाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृषभैः (instrumental plural)
वृषभेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वृषभाय (dative singular)
वृषभाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृषभेभ्यः (dative plural)
वृषभात् (ablative singular)
वृषभाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृषभेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृषभस्य (genitive singular)
वृषभयोः (dual genitive)
वृषभाणाम् (genitive plural)
वृषभे (locative singular)
वृषभयोः (dual locative)
वृषभेषु (locative plural)

/ʋr̩.ʂɐ.bʱɐ́/

/ˈʋr̩.ʂɐ.bʱɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)r̥šabʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥sn̥-bʰó-s, from *wérsēn (“male animal; manly man”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (ar^əšan), Ancient Greek ἄρσην (ársēn), Latin verrēs. Also related to ऋषभ (ṛṣabhá), वृषन् (vṛṣan).


मिथुन

mithuná (romanization)
मिथुनम् (nominative singular)
मिथुने (dual nominative)
मिथुनानि (nominative plural)
मिथुना1 (nominative plural)
मिथुन (singular vocative)
मिथुने (dual vocative)
मिथुनानि (plural vocative)
मिथुना1 (plural vocative)
मिथुनम् (accusative singular)
मिथुने (accusative dual)
मिथुनानि (accusative plural)
मिथुना1 (accusative plural)
मिथुनेन (instrumental singular)
मिथुनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मिथुनैः (instrumental plural)
मिथुनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मिथुनाय (dative singular)
मिथुनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मिथुनेभ्यः (dative plural)
मिथुनात् (ablative singular)
मिथुनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मिथुनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मिथुनस्य (genitive singular)
मिथुनयोः (dual genitive)
मिथुनानाम् (genitive plural)
मिथुने (locative singular)
मिथुनयोः (dual locative)
मिथुनेषु (locative plural)

→ Burmese: မေထုန် (mehtun)

→ English: mithuna (learned)

→ Khmer: មិថុនា (mithonaa)

Pali: mithuna

→ Malayalam: മിഥുനം (mithunaṁ)

Marathi: मिथुन (mithun)

→ Tamil: மிதுனம் (mituṉam)

→ Telugu: మిథునము (mithunamu)

desc

→ Thai: เมถุน (mee-tǔn), มิถุนายน (mí-tù-naa-yon)

→ Malay: mintuna (مينتونا)

From Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to exchange”) an extension of *mey- (“to exchange”). Cognate with Latin mutō whence English mutate, mutual; Latin mittō (“send”) whence English emit, mission, etc.; Proto-Slavic *mьstь (“revenge, vengeance”); English mis-, miss.
Also cf. Mitra, the Indo-Iranian god of contracts.

cog

(astrology, sometimes masculine) the sign of the zodiac Gemini or the third arc of 30 degrees in a circle

(grammar) root compounded with a preposition


मस्त

masta (romanization)
मस्तः (nominative singular)
मस्तौ (dual nominative)
मस्ताः (nominative plural)
मस्त (singular vocative)
मस्तौ (dual vocative)
मस्ताः (plural vocative)
मस्तम् (accusative singular)
मस्तौ (accusative dual)
मस्तान् (accusative plural)
मस्तेन (instrumental singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मस्तैः (instrumental plural)
मस्ताय (dative singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
मस्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
मस्तात् (ablative singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मस्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मस्तस्य (genitive singular)
मस्तयोः (dual genitive)
मस्तानाम् (genitive plural)
मस्ते (locative singular)
मस्तयोः (dual locative)
मस्तेषु (locative plural)
मस्तम् (nominative singular)
मस्ते (dual nominative)
मस्तानि (nominative plural)
मस्त (singular vocative)
मस्ते (dual vocative)
मस्तानि (plural vocative)
मस्तम् (accusative singular)
मस्ते (accusative dual)
मस्तानि (accusative plural)
मस्तेन (instrumental singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मस्तैः (instrumental plural)
मस्ताय (dative singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
मस्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
मस्तात् (ablative singular)
मस्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मस्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मस्तस्य (genitive singular)
मस्तयोः (dual genitive)
मस्तानाम् (genitive plural)
मस्ते (locative singular)
मस्तयोः (dual locative)
मस्तेषु (locative plural)

Pali: mattha

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀣 (mattha) (see there for further descendants)

दण्डकमण्डलुमण्डितहस्तः सुललिततिलकविभूषितमस्तः ।

His hands adorned with a stick and a kamandalu, his beautiful forehead decorated with a tilak […]


मुख

मुख ॑ (canonical)
múkha (romanization)
मुखम् (nominative singular)
मुखे (dual nominative)
मुखानि (nominative plural)
मुखा1 (nominative plural)
मुख (singular vocative)
मुखे (dual vocative)
मुखानि (plural vocative)
मुखा1 (plural vocative)
मुखम् (accusative singular)
मुखे (accusative dual)
मुखानि (accusative plural)
मुखा1 (accusative plural)
मुखेन (instrumental singular)
मुखाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मुखैः (instrumental plural)
मुखेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मुखाय (dative singular)
मुखाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मुखेभ्यः (dative plural)
मुखात् (ablative singular)
मुखाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मुखेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मुखस्य (genitive singular)
मुखयोः (dual genitive)
मुखानाम् (genitive plural)
मुखे (locative singular)
मुखयोः (dual locative)
मुखेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Khowar: موخ (mux)

Shina: مُک (muk)

desctree

Pali: mukha
→ Burmese: မုခ် (muhk)
→ Shan: မုၵ်ႈ (mūk)

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀳 (muha) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

→ Assamese: মুখ (mukh)

→ Bengali: মুখ (mukh)

→ Gujarati: મુખ (mukh)

→ Hindi: मुख (mukh)

→ Kannada: ಮುಖ (mukha)

→ Khmer: មុខ (muk)

→ Malay: muka

Indonesian: muka

→ Malayalam: മുഖം (mukhaṁ)

→ Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘳𑘏 (mukha)
Marathi: मुख (mukh)

→ Nepali: मुख (mukh)

→ Punjabi: ਮੁਖ (mukh)

→ Marwari:

Devanagari script: मुखड़ौ (mukhṛau)

desc

Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅒𑅖𑅲𑅒 (mukhṛu /mukhṛau/)

→ Tamil: முகம் (mukam)

→ Tagalog: mukhâ

→ Telugu: ముఖము (mukhamu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *múkʰam
Sanskrit मुख॑ (múkha)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *múkʰam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *múkʰam, from earlier *múkHam, with further origin uncertain.
According to Pokorny, ultimately from Dravidian and not related to Proto-Indo-European *mū- (“lips, muzzle”) (Proto-Germanic *mūlō, English mutter, Latin muttiō).
However, Mayrhofer considers an Indo-European derivation to be more likely, taking Proto-Indo-European *mu- to mean "a vocal gesture for pressed lips", and compares Ancient Greek μῠχός (mukhós, “innermost part of a place”), μῦθος (mûthos, “word”), and German Maul (“mouth (of an animal)”). According to him, the possibility of a borrowing from Dravidian (compare Tamil முகம் (mukam, “face”)) or "pan-Asiatic" is possible but unlikely due to the root's presence in Vedic texts and Iranian languages.

etymon

मुख॑


अपभ्रंश

apabhraṃśá (romanization)
अपभ्रंशः (nominative singular)
अपभ्रंशौ (dual nominative)
अपभ्रंशा1 (dual nominative)
अपभ्रंशाः (nominative plural)
अपभ्रंशासः1 (nominative plural)
अपभ्रंश (singular vocative)
अपभ्रंशौ (dual vocative)
अपभ्रंशा1 (dual vocative)
अपभ्रंशाः (plural vocative)
अपभ्रंशासः1 (plural vocative)
अपभ्रंशम् (accusative singular)
अपभ्रंशौ (accusative dual)
अपभ्रंशा1 (accusative dual)
अपभ्रंशान् (accusative plural)
अपभ्रंशेन (instrumental singular)
अपभ्रंशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अपभ्रंशैः (instrumental plural)
अपभ्रंशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अपभ्रंशाय (dative singular)
अपभ्रंशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अपभ्रंशेभ्यः (dative plural)
अपभ्रंशात् (ablative singular)
अपभ्रंशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अपभ्रंशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अपभ्रंशस्य (genitive singular)
अपभ्रंशयोः (dual genitive)
अपभ्रंशानाम् (genitive plural)
अपभ्रंशे (locative singular)
अपभ्रंशयोः (dual locative)
अपभ्रंशेषु (locative plural)

/ɐ.pɐbʱ.ɾɐ̃.ɕɐ́/

/ɐ.pɐbʱˈɾɐ̃.ɕɐ/

Compound of अप- (apá-, “down, back”) + भ्रंश (bhraṃśá, “deviation”).

com+

(grammar, linguistics) corrupted form of a word, corruption

(grammar, linguistics) ungrammatical language

(grammar, linguistics) the most corrupt of the Prakrit dialects


संहिता

saṃ-hitā (romanization)
संहिता (nominative singular)
संहिते (dual nominative)
संहिताः (nominative plural)
संहिते (singular vocative)
संहिते (dual vocative)
संहिताः (plural vocative)
संहिताम् (accusative singular)
संहिते (accusative dual)
संहिताः (accusative plural)
संहितया (instrumental singular)
संहिता1 (instrumental singular)
संहिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संहिताभिः (instrumental plural)
संहितायै (dative singular)
संहिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
संहिताभ्यः (dative plural)
संहितायाः (ablative singular)
संहितायै2 (ablative singular)
संहिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संहिताभ्यः (ablative plural)
संहितायाः (genitive singular)
संहितायै2 (genitive singular)
संहितयोः (dual genitive)
संहितानाम् (genitive plural)
संहितायाम् (locative singular)
संहितयोः (dual locative)
संहितासु (locative plural)

/ˈs̪ɐ̃.ɦi.t̪ɑː/

(grammar) the junction or combination of letters according to euphonic rules (sandhi, but sometimes considered rather as the state preparatory to the actual junction than the junction itself)


मण्डल

máṇḍala (romanization)
मण्डलम् (nominative singular)
मण्डले (dual nominative)
मण्डलानि (nominative plural)
मण्डला1 (nominative plural)
मण्डल (singular vocative)
मण्डले (dual vocative)
मण्डलानि (plural vocative)
मण्डला1 (plural vocative)
मण्डलम् (accusative singular)
मण्डले (accusative dual)
मण्डलानि (accusative plural)
मण्डला1 (accusative plural)
मण्डलेन (instrumental singular)
मण्डलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मण्डलैः (instrumental plural)
मण्डलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मण्डलाय (dative singular)
मण्डलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मण्डलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मण्डलात् (ablative singular)
मण्डलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मण्डलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मण्डलस्य (genitive singular)
मण्डलयोः (dual genitive)
मण्डलानाम् (genitive plural)
मण्डले (locative singular)
मण्डलयोः (dual locative)
मण्डलेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: māṇḍal (“coffin”), māṇḍau

Kashmiri: manḍul (“circle”)

Devanagari script: मन्डुल

Arabic script: مانڈل

Pali: maṇḍala

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀟𑀮 (maṃḍala) (see there for further descendants)

→ Bengali: মণ্ডল (monḍol) (learned)

→ Hindi: मंडल (maṇḍal) (learned)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: maṇḍala
Javanese: ꦩꦤ꧀ꦝꦭ (mandhala), ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭ (mandala)
→ Balinese: ᬫᬡ᭄ᬟᬮ (mandala)

→ Punjabi: ਮੰਡਲ (maṇḍal) (learned)

→ Tamil: மண்டலம் (maṇṭalam) (learned)

→ Thai: มณฑล (mon-ton)

/mɐ́ɳ.ɖɐ.lɐ/

/ˈmɐɳ.ɖɐ.l̪ɐ/

Etymology tree
Sanskrit *मण्ड (maṇḍa)?
Sanskrit -ल (-la)?
Sanskrit मण्डल (maṇḍala)
Unknown. Several theories have been proposed:
* Mayrhofer and Turner agree on *मण्ड (maṇḍa, “round”) + -ल (-la), based on the lexeme found in the Classical compounds नौमण्ड (naumaṇḍa, “chief part of a ship”), मण्डचरवन्त् (maṇḍacaravant, “as if going in a circle; having a noose (?)”). Further etymology is unknown, but Dardic descendants may support a non-retroflexed *मन्द (manda) as the ultimate source.
** Mayrhofer proposes the following Indo-European cognates: Proto-Slavic *mǫdo (“testicle”) if the retroflexion is spontaneous, or Old Irish mell (“ball”) (> modern Irish meall) if we assume l-induced retroflexion of *mel-nd- under Fortunatov's law.
** Burrow, later supported by Turner, proposes borrowing from Proto-Dravidian *maṇḍ- (“to be bent”), with cognates Tamil மண்டி (maṇṭi, “kneeling”), முடலை (muṭalai, “ball, globe”).
* Tedesco proposes वृत्त (vṛtta, “round”) + -ल (-la), undergoing Prakrit-like sound changes via ad-hoc intermediate *वट्टल (vaṭṭala) > *वण्टल (vaṇṭala) > *वण्डल (vaṇḍala). He furthermore proposes initial v- > m- as a common Middle Indo-Aryan sound change; see मुण्ड (muṇḍa, “bald”) for more. Turner rejects this etymology on phonological grounds.
* Borrowed from substrate language. Compare Nihali मौड्ढारी (moḍḍhārī, “triangle”), for the "triangle" sense in the Caturvargacintāmaṇi.

etymon

c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā


वणिज्

vaṇíj (romanization)
वणिक् (nominative singular)
वणिजौ (dual nominative)
वणिजा1 (dual nominative)
वणिजः (nominative plural)
वणिक् (singular vocative)
वणिजौ (dual vocative)
वणिजा1 (dual vocative)
वणिजः (plural vocative)
वणिजम् (accusative singular)
वणिजौ (accusative dual)
वणिजा1 (accusative dual)
वणिजः (accusative plural)
वणिजा (instrumental singular)
वणिग्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वणिग्भिः (instrumental plural)
वणिजे (dative singular)
वणिग्भ्याम् (dative dual)
वणिग्भ्यः (dative plural)
वणिजः (ablative singular)
वणिग्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
वणिग्भ्यः (ablative plural)
वणिजः (genitive singular)
वणिजोः (dual genitive)
वणिजाम् (genitive plural)
वणिजि (locative singular)
वणिजोः (dual locative)
वणिक्षु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀡𑀺 (vaṇi)

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *wen(h₁)-h₂ǵ-, composed of *wenh₁- (“to win”) + *h₂eǵ- (“to drive, lead”). Compare वनोति (vanóti), particularly in the meaning “to acquire”, and अजति (ájati, “to drive”), respectively.

550 CE, Varāhamihira, Bṛhat Saṃhitā

(astrology, astronomy) the zodiacal sign Libra


जघन

jaghana (romanization)
जघनः (nominative singular)
जघनौ (dual nominative)
जघनाः (nominative plural)
जघन (singular vocative)
जघनौ (dual vocative)
जघनाः (plural vocative)
जघनम् (accusative singular)
जघनौ (accusative dual)
जघनान् (accusative plural)
जघनेन (instrumental singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जघनैः (instrumental plural)
जघनाय (dative singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जघनेभ्यः (dative plural)
जघनात् (ablative singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जघनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जघनस्य (genitive singular)
जघनयोः (dual genitive)
जघनानाम् (genitive plural)
जघने (locative singular)
जघनयोः (dual locative)
जघनेषु (locative plural)
जघनम् (nominative singular)
जघने (dual nominative)
जघनानि (nominative plural)
जघन (singular vocative)
जघने (dual vocative)
जघनानि (plural vocative)
जघनम् (accusative singular)
जघने (accusative dual)
जघनानि (accusative plural)
जघनेन (instrumental singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जघनैः (instrumental plural)
जघनाय (dative singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जघनेभ्यः (dative plural)
जघनात् (ablative singular)
जघनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जघनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जघनस्य (genitive singular)
जघनयोः (dual genitive)
जघनानाम् (genitive plural)
जघने (locative singular)
जघनयोः (dual locative)
जघनेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of जघन

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">जघन</i>

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰongʰ- (“dirty”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κοχώνη (kokhṓnē, “crotch”).


रक्त

rakta (romanization)
रक्तः (nominative singular)
रक्तौ (dual nominative)
रक्ता1 (dual nominative)
रक्ताः (nominative plural)
रक्तासः1 (nominative plural)
रक्त (singular vocative)
रक्तौ (dual vocative)
रक्ता1 (dual vocative)
रक्ताः (plural vocative)
रक्तासः1 (plural vocative)
रक्तम् (accusative singular)
रक्तौ (accusative dual)
रक्ता1 (accusative dual)
रक्तान् (accusative plural)
रक्तेन (instrumental singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रक्तैः (instrumental plural)
रक्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रक्ताय (dative singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
रक्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
रक्तात् (ablative singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रक्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रक्तस्य (genitive singular)
रक्तयोः (dual genitive)
रक्तानाम् (genitive plural)
रक्ते (locative singular)
रक्तयोः (dual locative)
रक्तेषु (locative plural)
रक्ता (nominative singular)
रक्ते (dual nominative)
रक्ताः (nominative plural)
रक्ते (singular vocative)
रक्ते (dual vocative)
रक्ताः (plural vocative)
रक्ताम् (accusative singular)
रक्ते (accusative dual)
रक्ताः (accusative plural)
रक्तया (instrumental singular)
रक्ता1 (instrumental singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रक्ताभिः (instrumental plural)
रक्तायै (dative singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
रक्ताभ्यः (dative plural)
रक्तायाः (ablative singular)
रक्तायै2 (ablative singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रक्ताभ्यः (ablative plural)
रक्तायाः (genitive singular)
रक्तायै2 (genitive singular)
रक्तयोः (dual genitive)
रक्तानाम् (genitive plural)
रक्तायाम् (locative singular)
रक्तयोः (dual locative)
रक्तासु (locative plural)
रक्तम् (nominative singular)
रक्ते (dual nominative)
रक्तानि (nominative plural)
रक्ता1 (nominative plural)
रक्त (singular vocative)
रक्ते (dual vocative)
रक्तानि (plural vocative)
रक्ता1 (plural vocative)
रक्तम् (accusative singular)
रक्ते (accusative dual)
रक्तानि (accusative plural)
रक्ता1 (accusative plural)
रक्तेन (instrumental singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रक्तैः (instrumental plural)
रक्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रक्ताय (dative singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
रक्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
रक्तात् (ablative singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रक्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रक्तस्य (genitive singular)
रक्तयोः (dual genitive)
रक्तानाम् (genitive plural)
रक्ते (locative singular)
रक्तयोः (dual locative)
रक्तेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: ৰাতা (rata), ৰাতুল (ratul)

Nepali: रगत (ragat), रातो (rāto)

Marwari: रगत (ragat)

Romani: rat

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਰੱਤ (ratta)

Shahmukhi script: رَتّ (ratt)

Sindhi: रतु (ratu)

→ Bengali: রক্ত (rokto)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: रक्त (rakt)

Urdu: رکت

→ Kannada: ರಕ್ತ (rakta)

→ Malayalam: രക്തം (raktaṁ)

→ Nepali: रक्त (rakta)

desctree

→ Old Marathi: 𑘨𑘎𑘿𑘝 (rakta)
Marathi: रक्त (rakta)

→ Tamil: ரத்தம் (rattam)

→ Telugu: రక్తము (raktamu)

From the root verb रञ्ज् (rañj, “to redden”), from Proto-Indo-European *reg- (“to dye”). Cognate with Persian رخش (raxš), Sogdian [script needed] (rɣš- /raxš/, “Rakhsh”), Khwarezmian rxtk (raxtak, “red”), Mazanderani رش (raš, “red (of cattle)”), Northern Kurdish reş (“black”).


चिबुक

cibuka (romanization)
चिबुकम् (nominative singular)
चिबुके (dual nominative)
चिबुकानि (nominative plural)
चिबुका1 (nominative plural)
चिबुक (singular vocative)
चिबुके (dual vocative)
चिबुकानि (plural vocative)
चिबुका1 (plural vocative)
चिबुकम् (accusative singular)
चिबुके (accusative dual)
चिबुकानि (accusative plural)
चिबुका1 (accusative plural)
चिबुकेन (instrumental singular)
चिबुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चिबुकैः (instrumental plural)
चिबुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चिबुकाय (dative singular)
चिबुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चिबुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
चिबुकात् (ablative singular)
चिबुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चिबुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चिबुकस्य (genitive singular)
चिबुकयोः (dual genitive)
चिबुकानाम् (genitive plural)
चिबुके (locative singular)
चिबुकयोः (dual locative)
चिबुकेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀘𑀺𑀩𑀼𑀅 (cibua)

ref

Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “chúbuka”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 560

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “cibuka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 262

c. 600 BCE – 200 BCE, Caraka, Caraka Saṃhitā

लम्बकर्णललाटां च लम्बोदरपयोधराम् ।
लम्बौष्ठीं चुबुकौष्ठीं च लम्बास्यां लम्बजानुकाम् ॥
lambakarṇalalāṭāṃ ca lambodarapayodharām.

[Hanuman saw demonesses] having hanging ears on the forehead, another having a long belly till the breast, another having big hanging lips, another had long lips hanging up to the chin, another having a long face and another having long knees.

lambauṣṭhīṃ cubukauṣṭhīṃ ca lambāsyāṃ lambajānukām.


कण्ठ

kaṇṭhá (romanization)
कण्ठः (nominative singular)
कण्ठौ (dual nominative)
कण्ठा1 (dual nominative)
कण्ठाः (nominative plural)
कण्ठासः1 (nominative plural)
कण्ठ (singular vocative)
कण्ठौ (dual vocative)
कण्ठा1 (dual vocative)
कण्ठाः (plural vocative)
कण्ठासः1 (plural vocative)
कण्ठम् (accusative singular)
कण्ठौ (accusative dual)
कण्ठा1 (accusative dual)
कण्ठान् (accusative plural)
कण्ठेन (instrumental singular)
कण्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कण्ठैः (instrumental plural)
कण्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कण्ठाय (dative singular)
कण्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कण्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
कण्ठात् (ablative singular)
कण्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कण्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कण्ठस्य (genitive singular)
कण्ठयोः (dual genitive)
कण्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
कण्ठे (locative singular)
कण्ठयोः (dual locative)
कण्ठेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: कंठ (kaṇṭh)

→ Kannada: ಕಂಠ (kaṇṭha)

→ Punjabi: ਕੰਠ (kaṇṭh)

→ Telugu: కంఠము (kaṇṭhamu)

Borrowed from Dravidian, compare Tulu ಕಂಟೆಲ್ (kaṇṭelŭ).


अनुस्वार

anusvāra (romanization)
अनुस्वारः (nominative singular)
अनुस्वारौ (dual nominative)
अनुस्वाराः (nominative plural)
अनुस्वार (singular vocative)
अनुस्वारौ (dual vocative)
अनुस्वाराः (plural vocative)
अनुस्वारम् (accusative singular)
अनुस्वारौ (accusative dual)
अनुस्वारान् (accusative plural)
अनुस्वारेण (instrumental singular)
अनुस्वाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अनुस्वारैः (instrumental plural)
अनुस्वाराय (dative singular)
अनुस्वाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अनुस्वारेभ्यः (dative plural)
अनुस्वारात् (ablative singular)
अनुस्वाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अनुस्वारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अनुस्वारस्य (genitive singular)
अनुस्वारयोः (dual genitive)
अनुस्वाराणाम् (genitive plural)
अनुस्वारे (locative singular)
अनुस्वारयोः (dual locative)
अनुस्वारेषु (locative plural)

/ɐ.n̪us̪ˈʋɑː.ɾɐ/

From अनु- (anu-, “along; with; after”) + स्वर् (svar, “to sound; to utter”, root) + -अ (-a, nominalization suffix) with vṛddhi of the root.

affix

(phonetics) anusvara, the "after-sound" (a nasal consonant following a vowel; denoted by a dot or circle in various scripts and by ṃ in IAST)


वर्ग

várga (romanization)
वर्गः (nominative singular)
वर्गौ (dual nominative)
वर्गा1 (dual nominative)
वर्गाः (nominative plural)
वर्गासः1 (nominative plural)
वर्ग (singular vocative)
वर्गौ (dual vocative)
वर्गा1 (dual vocative)
वर्गाः (plural vocative)
वर्गासः1 (plural vocative)
वर्गम् (accusative singular)
वर्गौ (accusative dual)
वर्गा1 (accusative dual)
वर्गान् (accusative plural)
वर्गेण (instrumental singular)
वर्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्गैः (instrumental plural)
वर्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वर्गाय (dative singular)
वर्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्गात् (ablative singular)
वर्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्गस्य (genitive singular)
वर्गयोः (dual genitive)
वर्गाणाम् (genitive plural)
वर्गे (locative singular)
वर्गयोः (dual locative)
वर्गेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: वर्ग (varg)

→ Javanese: warga

→ Lao: ວັກ (wak)

desctree

→ Malay: warga
> Indonesian: warga (inherited)

→ Marathi: वर्ग (varga)

Nepali: बर्ग (barga)

→ Old Javanese: warga
> Javanese: ꦮꦂꦒ (warga) (inherited)

Pali: vagga
→ Burmese: ဝဂ် (wag)
→ Khmer: វគ្គ (vĕək)

→ Punjabi: ਵਰਗ (varag)

→ Thai: วรรค (wák), พรรค (pák)

→ Pattani Malay: ڤ̲اء / พะ (pá)

From वृज् (vṛj, root) + -अ (-a, nominalization suffix). The root carries a variety of senses, including "to pluck; to pick; to choose", etc.

suffix

चवर्ग ― cavarga ― the palatal series, the letters grouped under च (ca)

(phonetics) a class of letters or phonemes grouped together by place of articulation.

place of articulation
place of articulation

the things being grouped together
(grammar) a category of words

the things being grouped together
a category of words


करण

karaṇa (romanization)
करणम् (nominative singular)
करणे (dual nominative)
करणानि (nominative plural)
करणा1 (nominative plural)
करण (singular vocative)
करणे (dual vocative)
करणानि (plural vocative)
करणा1 (plural vocative)
करणम् (accusative singular)
करणे (accusative dual)
करणानि (accusative plural)
करणा1 (accusative plural)
करणेन (instrumental singular)
करणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
करणैः (instrumental plural)
करणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
करणाय (dative singular)
करणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
करणेभ्यः (dative plural)
करणात् (ablative singular)
करणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
करणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
करणस्य (genitive singular)
करणयोः (dual genitive)
करणानाम् (genitive plural)
करणे (locative singular)
करणयोः (dual locative)
करणेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: करण (karaṇ)

Pali: karaṇa

Derived from the root कृ (kṛ) + -अन (-ana).

(grammar) a sound or word as an independent part of speech

(grammar) the means or instrument by which an action is effected, the idea expressed by the instrumental case, instrumentality


व्याकरण

vyākaraṇa (romanization)
व्याकरणम् (nominative singular)
व्याकरणे (dual nominative)
व्याकरणानि (nominative plural)
व्याकरण (singular vocative)
व्याकरणे (dual vocative)
व्याकरणानि (plural vocative)
व्याकरणम् (accusative singular)
व्याकरणे (accusative dual)
व्याकरणानि (accusative plural)
व्याकरणेन (instrumental singular)
व्याकरणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
व्याकरणैः (instrumental plural)
व्याकरणाय (dative singular)
व्याकरणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
व्याकरणेभ्यः (dative plural)
व्याकरणात् (ablative singular)
व्याकरणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
व्याकरणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
व्याकरणस्य (genitive singular)
व्याकरणयोः (dual genitive)
व्याकरणानाम् (genitive plural)
व्याकरणे (locative singular)
व्याकरणयोः (dual locative)
व्याकरणेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">व्याकरण</i>

व्याकरणाभ्याम्

व्याकरणाभ्याम्

व्याकरणेभ्यः

व्याकरणाभ्याम्

व्याकरणेभ्यः

व्याकरणानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

व्याकरणाभ्याम्

व्याकरणाभ्याम्

व्याकरणेभ्यः

व्याकरणाभ्याम्

व्याकरणेभ्यः

व्याकरणानाम्

Assamese: ব্যাকৰণ (byakoron)

Bengali: ব্যাকরণ (bêkron)

Gujarati: વ્યાકરણ (vyākraṇ)

Hindi: व्याकरण (vyākraṇ)

Kannada: ವ್ಯಾಕರಣ (vyākaraṇa)

Marathi: व्याकरण (vyākraṇ)

Telugu: వ్యాకరణము (vyākaraṇamu)

Malayalam: വ്യാകരണം (vyākaraṇaṁ)

desc

Urdu: ویاکرن

Urdu: ویاکرن

/ʋjɑː.kɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐm/

/ˈʋjɑː.kɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐm/

वि- (ví, “apart”) + आ- (ā, “towards; unto”) + करण (karaṇa, “performing, activity”)

affix

(grammar) grammatical correctness, polished or accurate language


विमान

ví-māna (romanization)
विमानम् (nominative singular)
विमाने (dual nominative)
विमानानि (nominative plural)
विमान (singular vocative)
विमाने (dual vocative)
विमानानि (plural vocative)
विमानम् (accusative singular)
विमाने (accusative dual)
विमानानि (accusative plural)
विमानेन (instrumental singular)
विमानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विमानैः (instrumental plural)
विमानाय (dative singular)
विमानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
विमानेभ्यः (dative plural)
विमानात् (ablative singular)
विमानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विमानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विमानस्य (genitive singular)
विमानयोः (dual genitive)
विमानानाम् (genitive plural)
विमाने (locative singular)
विमानयोः (dual locative)
विमानेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">विमान</i>

विमानाभ्याम्

विमानाभ्याम्

विमानाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

विमानाभ्याम्

विमानाभ्याम्

विमानाभ्याम्

→ Bengali: বিমান (biman)

→ English: vimana

→ Gujarati: વિમાન (vimān)

→ Kannada: ವಿಮಾನ (vimāna)

→ Hindi: विमान (vimān)

→ Malayalam: വിമാനം (vimānaṁ)

→ Marathi: विमान (vimān)

→ Odia: ବିମାନ (bimāna)

→ Punjabi: ਵਿਮਾਨ (vimān)

→ Burmese: ဗိမာန် (bi.man)

→ Tamil: விமானம் (vimāṉam)

→ Telugu: విమానము (vimānamu)

→ Urdu: ومان (vimān)

/ʋiˈmɑː.n̪ɐ/

(medicine) the science of (right) measure or proportion (e.g. of the right relation between the humours of the body, of medicines and remedies etc.) (Car.)


व्यक्ति

vyakti (romanization)
व्यक्तिः (nominative singular)
व्यक्ती (dual nominative)
व्यक्तयः (nominative plural)
व्यक्ते (singular vocative)
व्यक्ती (dual vocative)
व्यक्तयः (plural vocative)
व्यक्तिम् (accusative singular)
व्यक्ती (accusative dual)
व्यक्तीः (accusative plural)
व्यक्त्या (instrumental singular)
व्यक्ती1 (instrumental singular)
व्यक्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
व्यक्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
व्यक्तये (dative singular)
व्यक्त्यै2 (dative singular)
व्यक्ती1 (dative singular)
व्यक्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
व्यक्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
व्यक्तेः (ablative singular)
व्यक्त्याः2 (ablative singular)
व्यक्त्यै3 (ablative singular)
व्यक्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
व्यक्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
व्यक्तेः (genitive singular)
व्यक्त्याः2 (genitive singular)
व्यक्त्यै3 (genitive singular)
व्यक्त्योः (dual genitive)
व्यक्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
व्यक्तौ (locative singular)
व्यक्त्याम्2 (locative singular)
व्यक्ता1 (locative singular)
व्यक्त्योः (dual locative)
व्यक्तिषु (locative plural)

→ Malayalam: വ്യക്തി (vyakti)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: wyakti, yakti
> Javanese: ꦪꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (yakti), ꦪꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (yekti) (inherited)


संज्ञा

sa-noun

संज्ञा • (saṃjñā́) stem, f

saṃjñā́ (romanization)
संज्ञा (nominative singular)
संज्ञे (dual nominative)
संज्ञाः (nominative plural)
संज्ञे (singular vocative)
संज्ञे (dual vocative)
संज्ञाः (plural vocative)
संज्ञाम् (accusative singular)
संज्ञे (accusative dual)
संज्ञाः (accusative plural)
संज्ञया (instrumental singular)
संज्ञा1 (instrumental singular)
संज्ञाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संज्ञाभिः (instrumental plural)
संज्ञायै (dative singular)
संज्ञाभ्याम् (dative dual)
संज्ञाभ्यः (dative plural)
संज्ञायाः (ablative singular)
संज्ञायै2 (ablative singular)
संज्ञाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संज्ञाभ्यः (ablative plural)
संज्ञायाः (genitive singular)
संज्ञायै2 (genitive singular)
संज्ञयोः (dual genitive)
संज्ञानाम् (genitive plural)
संज्ञायाम् (locative singular)
संज्ञयोः (dual locative)
संज्ञासु (locative plural)

/sɐɲd͡ʑ.ɲɑ́ː/

/ˈs̪ɐɲd͡ʑ.ɲɑː/

From the root संज्ञा (saṃjñā) + -आ (-ā).

suf

संज्ञा (saṃjñā) + -आ (-ā)

(grammar) the name of anything thought of as standing by itself, any noun having a special meaning


वृत्त

vṛttá (romanization)
वृत्तम् (nominative singular)
वृत्ते (dual nominative)
वृत्तानि (nominative plural)
वृत्ता1 (nominative plural)
वृत्त (singular vocative)
वृत्ते (dual vocative)
वृत्तानि (plural vocative)
वृत्ता1 (plural vocative)
वृत्तम् (accusative singular)
वृत्ते (accusative dual)
वृत्तानि (accusative plural)
वृत्ता1 (accusative plural)
वृत्तेन (instrumental singular)
वृत्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृत्तैः (instrumental plural)
वृत्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वृत्ताय (dative singular)
वृत्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृत्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
वृत्तात् (ablative singular)
वृत्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृत्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृत्तस्य (genitive singular)
वृत्तयोः (dual genitive)
वृत्तानाम् (genitive plural)
वृत्ते (locative singular)
वृत्तयोः (dual locative)
वृत्तेषु (locative plural)

desctree

→ Malay: berita
Indonesian: berita
→ Bikol Central: bareta
→ Cebuano: balita
→ Hiligaynon: balita
→ Matigsalug Manobo: balita
→ Tagalog: balita
→ Tausug: bayta'

→ Malayalam: വൃത്തം (vr̥ttaṁ)

Pali: 𑀯𑀝𑁆𑀝 (vaṭṭa)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀝𑁆𑀝 (vaṭṭa), 𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀢 (vatta), 𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 (vitta), 𑀯𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (vutta)

Sinhalese: වට (waṭa)

→ Malayalam: വട്ടം (vaṭṭaṁ), വട (vaṭa)

→ Tamil: வட்டம் (vaṭṭam)

desctree

→ Tamil: வடை (vaṭai)
→ Hindi: वड़ा (vaṛā)
→ Marathi: वडा (vaḍā)

/ˈʋr̩t̪.t̪ɐ/

[ˈʋr̩t̪̚.t̪ɐ]

Compound of वृत् (vṛt, “to turn”) + -त (-ta). Cognate with Persian گرد (gard), Russian вертеть (vertetʹ), English worth.

com+

(prosody) the rhythm at the end of a verse, final rhythm

(prosody) any metre containing a fixed number of syllables

(prosody) a metre consisting of 10 trochees


ऋण

ṛṇá (romanization)
ऋणम् (nominative singular)
ऋणे (dual nominative)
ऋणानि (nominative plural)
ऋणा1 (nominative plural)
ऋण (singular vocative)
ऋणे (dual vocative)
ऋणानि (plural vocative)
ऋणा1 (plural vocative)
ऋणम् (accusative singular)
ऋणे (accusative dual)
ऋणानि (accusative plural)
ऋणा1 (accusative plural)
ऋणेन (instrumental singular)
ऋणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋणैः (instrumental plural)
ऋणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ऋणाय (dative singular)
ऋणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋणेभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋणात् (ablative singular)
ऋणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋणस्य (genitive singular)
ऋणयोः (dual genitive)
ऋणानाम् (genitive plural)
ऋणे (locative singular)
ऋणयोः (dual locative)
ऋणेषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨀𐨁𐨣 (ina)

→ Gujarati: ઋણ (ŕṇa)

Marathi: ऋण (ŕṇ)

Pali: iṇa

desc

→ Tamil: இரணம் (iraṇam), இருணம் (iruṇam), ரணம் (raṇam)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥nás, *Harnás (“debt, guilt”). Compare Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬝𐬹𐬗𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀 (ar^ənat̰ caēša, “punishing guilt”), Khotanese [script needed] (ārra, “fault”), and possibly Hittite [script needed] (ar-nu-, “to pay for debts, make up damage”).

cog

𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬝𐬹𐬗𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀