पुद्गल

pudgala (romanization)
पुद्गलः (nominative singular)
पुद्गलौ (dual nominative)
पुद्गला1 (dual nominative)
पुद्गलाः (nominative plural)
पुद्गलासः1 (nominative plural)
पुद्गल (singular vocative)
पुद्गलौ (dual vocative)
पुद्गला1 (dual vocative)
पुद्गलाः (plural vocative)
पुद्गलासः1 (plural vocative)
पुद्गलम् (accusative singular)
पुद्गलौ (accusative dual)
पुद्गला1 (accusative dual)
पुद्गलान् (accusative plural)
पुद्गलेन (instrumental singular)
पुद्गलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुद्गलैः (instrumental plural)
पुद्गलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पुद्गलाय (dative singular)
पुद्गलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुद्गलेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुद्गलात् (ablative singular)
पुद्गलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुद्गलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुद्गलस्य (genitive singular)
पुद्गलयोः (dual genitive)
पुद्गलानाम् (genitive plural)
पुद्गले (locative singular)
पुद्गलयोः (dual locative)
पुद्गलेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Pali: puggala
→ Burmese: ပုဂ္ဂိုလ် (pugguil)
→ Khmer: បុគ្គល (bokkŭəl)
→ Lao: ບຸກຄົນ (buk khon)
→ Thai: บุคคล (bùk-kon)

→ Northern Thai: ᨷᩩᨣ᩠ᨣᩫᩃ᩺ (bǔk-kon)

desc

→ Thai: บุทคล

→ Thai: บุทคล

Likely a Sanskritization of a Middle Indic पुग्गल (puggala) (reflected in Pali puggala), of unclear further origin. One theory takes the word from an earlier *पुथकल (puthakala) < *पृथकल (pṛthakala), from पृथक् (pṛthak, “separately, singly”), thus an "individual", but the voiced gemination would remain unexplained.


अंशुमती

→ Tocharian B: aśamati

Desmodium gangeticum
Desmodium gangeticum#Translingual


अशैक्षमार्ग

aśaikṣamārga (romanization)
अशैक्षमार्गः (nominative singular)
अशैक्षमार्गौ (dual nominative)
अशैक्षमार्गा1 (dual nominative)
अशैक्षमार्गाः (nominative plural)
अशैक्षमार्गासः1 (nominative plural)
अशैक्षमार्ग (singular vocative)
अशैक्षमार्गौ (dual vocative)
अशैक्षमार्गा1 (dual vocative)
अशैक्षमार्गाः (plural vocative)
अशैक्षमार्गासः1 (plural vocative)
अशैक्षमार्गम् (accusative singular)
अशैक्षमार्गौ (accusative dual)
अशैक्षमार्गा1 (accusative dual)
अशैक्षमार्गान् (accusative plural)
अशैक्षमार्गेण (instrumental singular)
अशैक्षमार्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अशैक्षमार्गैः (instrumental plural)
अशैक्षमार्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अशैक्षमार्गाय (dative singular)
अशैक्षमार्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अशैक्षमार्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
अशैक्षमार्गात् (ablative singular)
अशैक्षमार्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अशैक्षमार्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अशैक्षमार्गस्य (genitive singular)
अशैक्षमार्गयोः (dual genitive)
अशैक्षमार्गाणाम् (genitive plural)
अशैक्षमार्गे (locative singular)
अशैक्षमार्गयोः (dual locative)
अशैक्षमार्गेषु (locative plural)

→ Tocharian B: aśaikṣamārg

→ Middle Chinese: (calque) 無學道 (MC mju haewk dawX)

/ɐ.ɕɑjk.ʂɐˈmɑːɾ.ɡɐ/

Tatpuruṣa compound of अशैक्ष (aśaikṣa, “no longer a pupil”) + मार्ग (mārga, “path; way”).

compound

अशैक्षमार्गे त्वाज्ञातमित्यवगम आज्ञातावः ।
aśaikṣamārge tvājñātamityavagama ājñātāvaḥ.
And in the path of the not-of-learning, knowing that (it is) known, such awareness is the ājñātāva.

c. 300 CE – 400 CE, Vasubandhu, Abhidharmakośabhāṣya 2.8

(Buddhism) the path of those no longer needing religious instruction


अशैक्ष

→ Tocharian B: aśaikṣe

Bahuvrīhi compound of अ- (a-, “not”) + शिक्षा (śikṣā, “study”) (vṛddhi)

one no longer needing religious training


अश्रद्ध

अश्रद्ध (canonical)
aśraddha (romanization)

→ Tocharian B: aśrāddhe


अश्वगन्ध

→ Bengali: অশ্বগন্ধা (ośśogondha)

→ English: ashwagandha

→ Hindi: अश्वगंधा (aśvagandhā)

→ Kannada: ಅಶ್ವಗಂಧಾ (aśvagandhā)

→ Marathi: अश्वगंधा (aśvagandhā)

→ Tamil: அஸ்வகந்தா (asvakantā)

→ Tocharian B: aśvakānt

/ɐɕ.ʋɐ.ɡɐn.dʱɐ/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐˈɡɐn̪.d̪ʱɐ/

Compound of अश्व (aśva, “horse”) + गन्ध (gandha, “smell”), literally “horse's smell” owing to the odor of the plant.


कर्तनी

kartanī (romanization)
कर्तनी (nominative singular)
कर्तन्यौ (dual nominative)
कर्तनी1 (dual nominative)
कर्तन्यः (nominative plural)
कर्तनीः1 (nominative plural)
कर्तनि (singular vocative)
कर्तन्यौ (dual vocative)
कर्तनी1 (dual vocative)
कर्तन्यः (plural vocative)
कर्तनीः1 (plural vocative)
कर्तनीम् (accusative singular)
कर्तन्यौ (accusative dual)
कर्तनी1 (accusative dual)
कर्तनीः (accusative plural)
कर्तन्या (instrumental singular)
कर्तनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्तनीभिः (instrumental plural)
कर्तन्यै (dative singular)
कर्तनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्तनीभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्तन्याः (ablative singular)
कर्तन्यै2 (ablative singular)
कर्तनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्तनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्तन्याः (genitive singular)
कर्तन्यै2 (genitive singular)
कर्तन्योः (dual genitive)
कर्तनीनाम् (genitive plural)
कर्तन्याम् (locative singular)
कर्तन्योः (dual locative)
कर्तनीषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”).


ស្វគ្គ៌

វិវធ៌យន្តិយេទេវ
ភូមិទាសាំគ្ច*ធាម្ម៌ិកាះ
ស្វគ្គ៌េតេសវ្វ៌ទេវេន
បូជ្យន្តាន្និត្យសំបទះ ៕
* Read គ្ច as ឝ្ច

900-1100 AD; copied later, Arlo Griffiths, Kunthea Chhom, “A problematic inscription (K.1237)”, in Udaya: Journal of Khmer Studies, volume 14 (PDF), Yosothor, published 2019, halshs-02168837, page 10:

The pious ones who make the god's land and servants prosper, may they be honoured in heaven by all the gods and always be prosperous.

vivardhayanti ye deva
bhūmidāsāṃś ca dhārmmikāḥ
svargge te sarvvadevena
pūjyantān nityasaṃpadaḥ ॥

स्वर्ग स्वर्ग#Sanskrit


និត្យ

नित्य नित्य#Sanskrit

Khmer script form of नित्य (“sea, ocean”)


និត្យ

नित्य नित्य#Sanskrit

Khmer script form of नित्य (“constant and indispensable rite or act”)


សំបទ៑

सम्पद् सम्पद्#Sanskrit


सम्पद्

sampád (romanization)
सम्पत् (nominative singular)
सम्पदौ (dual nominative)
सम्पदः (nominative plural)
सम्पत् (singular vocative)
सम्पदौ (dual vocative)
सम्पदः (plural vocative)
सम्पदम् (accusative singular)
सम्पदौ (accusative dual)
सम्पदः (accusative plural)
सम्पदा (instrumental singular)
सम्पद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सम्पद्भिः (instrumental plural)
सम्पदे (dative singular)
सम्पद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
सम्पद्भ्यः (dative plural)
सम्पदः (ablative singular)
सम्पद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
सम्पद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
सम्पदः (genitive singular)
सम्पदोः (dual genitive)
सम्पदाम् (genitive plural)
सम्पदि (locative singular)
सम्पदोः (dual locative)
सम्पत्सु (locative plural)

acquisition, possession, benefit, blessing

correctness, excellence, splendour, beauty


យាតនា

វិមទ*យន្តិយេភូមី*
ទាសាន្ទេវស្យបាបី*នះ
តេសវ្វ៌នរកេយាន្តុ
យាតនាមាភវក្ឞយាត៑ ៕
* Read ទ, មី and បី as ទ៌, មិ and បិ.

May the evil ones who disturb the land and servants of the god undergo torment in every hell until the end of existence.

vimardayanti ye bhūmi
dāsāndevasya pāpinaḥ
te sarvvanarake yāntu
yātanām ā bhavakṣayāt· ॥

यातना यातना#Sanskrit


यातना

yātanā (romanization)
यातना (nominative singular)
यातने (dual nominative)
यातनाः (nominative plural)
यातने (singular vocative)
यातने (dual vocative)
यातनाः (plural vocative)
यातनाम् (accusative singular)
यातने (accusative dual)
यातनाः (accusative plural)
यातनया (instrumental singular)
यातना1 (instrumental singular)
यातनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यातनाभिः (instrumental plural)
यातनायै (dative singular)
यातनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यातनाभ्यः (dative plural)
यातनायाः (ablative singular)
यातनायै2 (ablative singular)
यातनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यातनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
यातनायाः (genitive singular)
यातनायै2 (genitive singular)
यातनयोः (dual genitive)
यातनानाम् (genitive plural)
यातनायाम् (locative singular)
यातनयोः (dual locative)
यातनासु (locative plural)

Hindi: यातना (yātnā)

Marathi: यातना (yātnā)

Pali: yātanā

Lao: ຍາຕະນາ (nyā ta nā)

Thai: ยาตนา


ភវក្ឞយ

भवक्षय भवक्षय#Sanskrit

Khmer script form of भवक्षय (“end of existence”)


भवक्षय

bhavakṣaya (romanization)
भवक्षयः (nominative singular)
भवक्षयौ (dual nominative)
भवक्षया1 (dual nominative)
भवक्षयाः (nominative plural)
भवक्षयासः1 (nominative plural)
भवक्षय (singular vocative)
भवक्षयौ (dual vocative)
भवक्षया1 (dual vocative)
भवक्षयाः (plural vocative)
भवक्षयासः1 (plural vocative)
भवक्षयम् (accusative singular)
भवक्षयौ (accusative dual)
भवक्षया1 (accusative dual)
भवक्षयान् (accusative plural)
भवक्षयेण (instrumental singular)
भवक्षयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भवक्षयैः (instrumental plural)
भवक्षयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भवक्षयाय (dative singular)
भवक्षयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भवक्षयेभ्यः (dative plural)
भवक्षयात् (ablative singular)
भवक्षयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भवक्षयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भवक्षयस्य (genitive singular)
भवक्षययोः (dual genitive)
भवक्षयाणाम् (genitive plural)
भवक्षये (locative singular)
भवक्षययोः (dual locative)
भवक्षयेषु (locative plural)


धीता

dhītā (romanization)
धीता (nominative singular)
धीते (dual nominative)
धीताः (nominative plural)
धीते (singular vocative)
धीते (dual vocative)
धीताः (plural vocative)
धीताम् (accusative singular)
धीते (accusative dual)
धीताः (accusative plural)
धीतया (instrumental singular)
धीता1 (instrumental singular)
धीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धीताभिः (instrumental plural)
धीतायै (dative singular)
धीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
धीताभ्यः (dative plural)
धीतायाः (ablative singular)
धीतायै2 (ablative singular)
धीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धीताभ्यः (ablative plural)
धीतायाः (genitive singular)
धीतायै2 (genitive singular)
धीतयोः (dual genitive)
धीतानाम् (genitive plural)
धीतायाम् (locative singular)
धीतयोः (dual locative)
धीतासु (locative plural)

Punjabi: ਧੀ (dhī)

→ Khmer: ធីតា (thiidaa)

→ Thai: ธิดา (tí-daa)

/ˈd̪ʱiː.t̪ɑː/

While quite possibly coined in Proto-Indo-Aryan, the attested word is from Pali dhītā.


गुह्

gúh (romanization)
घुट् (nominative singular)
गुहौ (dual nominative)
गुहा1 (dual nominative)
गुहः (nominative plural)
घुट् (singular vocative)
गुहौ (dual vocative)
गुहा1 (dual vocative)
गुहः (plural vocative)
गुहम् (accusative singular)
गुहौ (accusative dual)
गुहा1 (accusative dual)
गुहः (accusative plural)
गुहा (instrumental singular)
घुड्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घुड्भिः (instrumental plural)
गुहे (dative singular)
घुड्भ्याम् (dative dual)
घुड्भ्यः (dative plural)
गुहः (ablative singular)
घुड्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
घुड्भ्यः (ablative plural)
गुहः (genitive singular)
गुहोः (dual genitive)
गुहाम् (genitive plural)
गुहि (locative singular)
गुहोः (dual locative)
घुट्सु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰawȷ́ʰ- (“to hide, conceal”). See गूहति (gūhati) for cognates.

inh

प्रि॒या प॒दानि॑ प॒श्वो नि पा॑हि वि॒श्वायु॑रग्ने गु॒हा गुहं॑ गाः ॥

O Agni, guard the spots which cattle love: thou, life of all, hast gone from lair to lair.

priyā́ padā́ni paśvó ní pāhi viśvā́yuragne guhā́ gúhaṃ gāḥ.


भूपति

bhūpáti (romanization)
भूपतिः (nominative singular)
भूपती (dual nominative)
भूपतयः (nominative plural)
भूपते (singular vocative)
भूपती (dual vocative)
भूपतयः (plural vocative)
भूपतिम् (accusative singular)
भूपती (accusative dual)
भूपतीन् (accusative plural)
भूपतिना (instrumental singular)
भूपत्या1 (instrumental singular)
भूपतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भूपतिभिः (instrumental plural)
भूपतये (dative singular)
भूपतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
भूपतिभ्यः (dative plural)
भूपतेः (ablative singular)
भूपत्यः1 (ablative singular)
भूपतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भूपतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
भूपतेः (genitive singular)
भूपत्यः1 (genitive singular)
भूपत्योः (dual genitive)
भूपतीनाम् (genitive plural)
भूपतौ (locative singular)
भूपता1 (locative singular)
भूपत्योः (dual locative)
भूपतिषु (locative plural)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: bhūpati (“king”)
Javanese: ꦨꦹꦥꦠꦶ → ꦧꦸꦥꦠꦶ (bupati)
→ Indonesian: bupati
→ Balinese: ᬪᬹᬧᬢᬶ (bupati)

→ Telugu: భూపతి (bhūpati)

Compound of भू (bhū́, “land”) + पति (páti, “lord”).


वयुन

vayúna (romanization)
वयुनम् (nominative singular)
वयुने (dual nominative)
वयुनानि (nominative plural)
वयुना1 (nominative plural)
वयुन (singular vocative)
वयुने (dual vocative)
वयुनानि (plural vocative)
वयुना1 (plural vocative)
वयुनम् (accusative singular)
वयुने (accusative dual)
वयुनानि (accusative plural)
वयुना1 (accusative plural)
वयुनेन (instrumental singular)
वयुनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वयुनैः (instrumental plural)
वयुनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वयुनाय (dative singular)
वयुनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वयुनेभ्यः (dative plural)
वयुनात् (ablative singular)
वयुनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वयुनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वयुनस्य (genitive singular)
वयुनयोः (dual genitive)
वयुनानाम् (genitive plural)
वयुने (locative singular)
वयुनयोः (dual locative)
वयुनेषु (locative plural)


परस्वत्

/pɐˈɾɐs̪.ʋɐt̪/

Unknown. Potentially a wanderwort, compare Proto-Semitic *faraʾ- (“wild ass”) (whence Arabic فَرَأ (faraʔ)).


शिरोपधान

śiropadhāna (romanization)
शिरोपधानम् (nominative singular)
शिरोपधाने (dual nominative)
शिरोपधानानि (nominative plural)
शिरोपधान (singular vocative)
शिरोपधाने (dual vocative)
शिरोपधानानि (plural vocative)
शिरोपधानम् (accusative singular)
शिरोपधाने (accusative dual)
शिरोपधानानि (accusative plural)
शिरोपधानेन (instrumental singular)
शिरोपधानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिरोपधानैः (instrumental plural)
शिरोपधानाय (dative singular)
शिरोपधानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिरोपधानेभ्यः (dative plural)
शिरोपधानात् (ablative singular)
शिरोपधानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिरोपधानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिरोपधानस्य (genitive singular)
शिरोपधानयोः (dual genitive)
शिरोपधानानाम् (genitive plural)
शिरोपधाने (locative singular)
शिरोपधानयोः (dual locative)
शिरोपधानेषु (locative plural)

/ɕi.ɾoː.pɐˈd̪ʱɑː.n̪ɐ/

From शिर (śira, “head”) + उपधान (upadhāna, “cushion”).


फेनक

phenaka (romanization)
फेनकः (nominative singular)
फेनकौ (dual nominative)
फेनका1 (dual nominative)
फेनकाः (nominative plural)
फेनकासः1 (nominative plural)
फेनक (singular vocative)
फेनकौ (dual vocative)
फेनका1 (dual vocative)
फेनकाः (plural vocative)
फेनकासः1 (plural vocative)
फेनकम् (accusative singular)
फेनकौ (accusative dual)
फेनका1 (accusative dual)
फेनकान् (accusative plural)
फेनकेन (instrumental singular)
फेनकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
फेनकैः (instrumental plural)
फेनकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
फेनकाय (dative singular)
फेनकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
फेनकेभ्यः (dative plural)
फेनकात् (ablative singular)
फेनकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
फेनकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
फेनकस्य (genitive singular)
फेनकयोः (dual genitive)
फेनकानाम् (genitive plural)
फेनके (locative singular)
फेनकयोः (dual locative)
फेनकेषु (locative plural)

From फेन (phena, “foam, lather”) + -क (-ka, “doer, maker”).

af

नित्यं स्नानं द्वितीयकमुत्सादनम् । तृतीयकः फेनकः चतुर्थकमायुष्यम् ॥

nityaṃ snānaṃ dvitīyakamutsādanam. tṛtīyakaḥ phenakaḥ caturthakamāyuṣyam.


ध्रुति

dhrúti (romanization)
ध्रुतिः (nominative singular)
ध्रुती (dual nominative)
ध्रुतयः (nominative plural)
ध्रुते (singular vocative)
ध्रुती (dual vocative)
ध्रुतयः (plural vocative)
ध्रुतिम् (accusative singular)
ध्रुती (accusative dual)
ध्रुतीः (accusative plural)
ध्रुत्या (instrumental singular)
ध्रुती1 (instrumental singular)
ध्रुतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ध्रुतिभिः (instrumental plural)
ध्रुतये (dative singular)
ध्रुत्यै2 (dative singular)
ध्रुती1 (dative singular)
ध्रुतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
ध्रुतिभ्यः (dative plural)
ध्रुतेः (ablative singular)
ध्रुत्याः2 (ablative singular)
ध्रुत्यै3 (ablative singular)
ध्रुतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ध्रुतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
ध्रुतेः (genitive singular)
ध्रुत्याः2 (genitive singular)
ध्रुत्यै3 (genitive singular)
ध्रुत्योः (dual genitive)
ध्रुतीनाम् (genitive plural)
ध्रुतौ (locative singular)
ध्रुत्याम्2 (locative singular)
ध्रुता1 (locative singular)
ध्रुत्योः (dual locative)
ध्रुतिषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrew- (“to deceive, mislead”). Cognate with Latin fraus and Parthian [Term?] (/dr'w/, “to seduce, delude”).


मियेध

miyédha (romanization)
मियेधः (nominative singular)
मियेधौ (dual nominative)
मियेधा1 (dual nominative)
मियेधाः (nominative plural)
मियेधासः1 (nominative plural)
मियेध (singular vocative)
मियेधौ (dual vocative)
मियेधा1 (dual vocative)
मियेधाः (plural vocative)
मियेधासः1 (plural vocative)
मियेधम् (accusative singular)
मियेधौ (accusative dual)
मियेधा1 (accusative dual)
मियेधान् (accusative plural)
मियेधेन (instrumental singular)
मियेधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मियेधैः (instrumental plural)
मियेधेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मियेधाय (dative singular)
मियेधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मियेधेभ्यः (dative plural)
मियेधात् (ablative singular)
मियेधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मियेधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मियेधस्य (genitive singular)
मियेधयोः (dual genitive)
मियेधानाम् (genitive plural)
मियेधे (locative singular)
मियेधयोः (dual locative)
मियेधेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *myázdʰas (“sacrificial oblation”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyh₁- + *dʰeh₁-.
The first component may be related to any of मेध (medha, “offering”), मयस् (mayas, “pleasure”), Hittite [Term?] (/miye-/, “to thrive, grow”). For the second component, compare धा (dhā, “to place, set down”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬀 (miiazda), Middle Persian [script needed] (myzd /mēzd/), the latter whence Persian میز (miz, “table”) and Hindi मेज़ (mez, “table”).


ओदन

odaná (romanization)
ओदनः (nominative singular)
ओदनौ (dual nominative)
ओदना1 (dual nominative)
ओदनाः (nominative plural)
ओदनासः1 (nominative plural)
ओदन (singular vocative)
ओदनौ (dual vocative)
ओदना1 (dual vocative)
ओदनाः (plural vocative)
ओदनासः1 (plural vocative)
ओदनम् (accusative singular)
ओदनौ (accusative dual)
ओदना1 (accusative dual)
ओदनान् (accusative plural)
ओदनेन (instrumental singular)
ओदनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ओदनैः (instrumental plural)
ओदनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ओदनाय (dative singular)
ओदनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ओदनेभ्यः (dative plural)
ओदनात् (ablative singular)
ओदनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ओदनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ओदनस्य (genitive singular)
ओदनयोः (dual genitive)
ओदनानाम् (genitive plural)
ओदने (locative singular)
ओदनयोः (dual locative)
ओदनेषु (locative plural)
ओदनम् (nominative singular)
ओदने (dual nominative)
ओदनानि (nominative plural)
ओदना1 (nominative plural)
ओदन (singular vocative)
ओदने (dual vocative)
ओदनानि (plural vocative)
ओदना1 (plural vocative)
ओदनम् (accusative singular)
ओदने (accusative dual)
ओदनानि (accusative plural)
ओदना1 (accusative plural)
ओदनेन (instrumental singular)
ओदनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ओदनैः (instrumental plural)
ओदनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ओदनाय (dative singular)
ओदनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ओदनेभ्यः (dative plural)
ओदनात् (ablative singular)
ओदनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ओदनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ओदनस्य (genitive singular)
ओदनयोः (dual genitive)
ओदनानाम् (genitive plural)
ओदने (locative singular)
ओदनयोः (dual locative)
ओदनेषु (locative plural)

Pali: odana

Prakrit: 𑀑𑀤𑀡 (odaṇa), 𑀑𑀬𑀡 (oyaṇa)

→ Tamil: ஓதனம் (ōtaṉam)

desc

→ Middle Bengali: উদন (udon) (semi-learned)

→ Bengali: ওদন (ōdon) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: ओदन (odan)

→ Malayalam: ഓദനം (ōdanaṁ) (learned)

→ Marathi: ओदन (odan) (learned)

→ Odia: ଓଦନ (odana) (learned)

→ Sinhalese: ඕදන (ōdana) (learned)

→ Telugu: ఓదనము (ōdanamu) (learned)

From उद् (ud, “to moisten, wet, bathe; to spring or flow out”, root) + -अन (-ana).

suf

grain mashed and cooked with milk; porridge; boiled rice; any pap or pulpy substance


साढृ

sā́ḍhṛ (romanization)
साढा (nominative singular)
साढारौ (dual nominative)
साढारा1 (dual nominative)
साढारः (nominative plural)
साढः (singular vocative)
साढारौ (dual vocative)
साढारा1 (dual vocative)
साढारः (plural vocative)
साढारम् (accusative singular)
साढारौ (accusative dual)
साढारा1 (accusative dual)
साढॄन् (accusative plural)
साढ्रा (instrumental singular)
साढृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
साढृभिः (instrumental plural)
साढ्रे (dative singular)
साढृभ्याम् (dative dual)
साढृभ्यः (dative plural)
साढुः (ablative singular)
साढृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
साढृभ्यः (ablative plural)
साढुः (genitive singular)
साढ्रोः (dual genitive)
साढॄणाम् (genitive plural)
साढरि (locative singular)
साढ्रोः (dual locative)
साढृषु (locative plural)

/ˈs̪ɑː.ɖʱr̩/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sáẓḍʰā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáždʰā, from Proto-Indo-European *séǵʰ-tōr (“conqueror”), from *seǵʰ- (“to overcome, to conquer”). Cognate with Ancient Greek Ἕκτωρ (Héktōr).

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


साळ्हृ

sa-noun

साळ्हृ • (sā́ḷhṛ) stem, m

sā́ḷhṛ (romanization)
साळ्हा (nominative singular)
साळ्हारौ (dual nominative)
साळ्हारा1 (dual nominative)
साळ्हारः (nominative plural)
साळ्हः (singular vocative)
साळ्हारौ (dual vocative)
साळ्हारा1 (dual vocative)
साळ्हारः (plural vocative)
साळ्हारम् (accusative singular)
साळ्हारौ (accusative dual)
साळ्हारा1 (accusative dual)
साळ्हॄन् (accusative plural)
साढ्रा (instrumental singular)
साळ्हृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
साळ्हृभिः (instrumental plural)
साढ्रे (dative singular)
साळ्हृभ्याम् (dative dual)
साळ्हृभ्यः (dative plural)
साळ्हुः (ablative singular)
साळ्हृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
साळ्हृभ्यः (ablative plural)
साळ्हुः (genitive singular)
साढ्रोः (dual genitive)
साळ्हॄणाम् (genitive plural)
साळ्हरि (locative singular)
साढ्रोः (dual locative)
साळ्हृषु (locative plural)

/sɑ́ː.ɭ̆ʱr̩/

/ˈs̪ɑː.ɭ̆ʱr̩/


मयस्

máyas (romanization)
मयः (nominative singular)
मयसी (dual nominative)
मयांसि (nominative plural)
मयः (singular vocative)
मयसी (dual vocative)
मयांसि (plural vocative)
मयः (accusative singular)
मयसी (accusative dual)
मयांसि (accusative plural)
मयसा (instrumental singular)
मयोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मयोभिः (instrumental plural)
मयसे (dative singular)
मयोभ्याम् (dative dual)
मयोभ्यः (dative plural)
मयसः (ablative singular)
मयोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मयोभ्यः (ablative plural)
मयसः (genitive singular)
मयसोः (dual genitive)
मयसाम् (genitive plural)
मयसि (locative singular)
मयसोः (dual locative)
मयःसु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *máyHas (“pleasure, enjoyment”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyh₁-es-, from Proto-Indo-European *meyh₁- (“pleasure, pleasant”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (maiiah, “pleasure”), Proto-Slavic *mìlъ (“sweet”), Lithuanian mielas (“nice, sweet, cute”), Latin mītis (“mild, calm, pleasant”), English mitigate.

der

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

pleasure, enjoyment, refreshment, delight


वकार

vakāra (romanization)
वकारः (nominative singular)
वकारौ (dual nominative)
वकाराः (nominative plural)
वकार (singular vocative)
वकारौ (dual vocative)
वकाराः (plural vocative)
वकारम् (accusative singular)
वकारौ (accusative dual)
वकारान् (accusative plural)
वकारेन (instrumental singular)
वकाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वकारैः (instrumental plural)
वकाराय (dative singular)
वकाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
वकारेभ्यः (dative plural)
वकारात् (ablative singular)
वकाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वकारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वकारस्य (genitive singular)
वकारयोः (dual genitive)
वकारानाम् (genitive plural)
वकारे (locative singular)
वकारयोः (dual locative)
वकारेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of वकार

व (va, the letter) + कार (kāra, term designating a letter or sound).

compound

The name of the Devanagari letter व (va).


छिद्र

chidrá (romanization)
छिद्रम् (nominative singular)
छिद्रे (dual nominative)
छिद्राणि (nominative plural)
छिद्रा1 (nominative plural)
छिद्र (singular vocative)
छिद्रे (dual vocative)
छिद्राणि (plural vocative)
छिद्रा1 (plural vocative)
छिद्रम् (accusative singular)
छिद्रे (accusative dual)
छिद्राणि (accusative plural)
छिद्रा1 (accusative plural)
छिद्रेण (instrumental singular)
छिद्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
छिद्रैः (instrumental plural)
छिद्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
छिद्राय (dative singular)
छिद्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
छिद्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
छिद्रात् (ablative singular)
छिद्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
छिद्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
छिद्रस्य (genitive singular)
छिद्रयोः (dual genitive)
छिद्राणाम् (genitive plural)
छिद्रे (locative singular)
छिद्रयोः (dual locative)
छिद्रेषु (locative plural)

/t͡ɕʰid.ɾɐ́/

/ˈt͡ɕʰid̪.ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sčidrás, from Proto-Indo-European *skid-ró-s.


नय

naya (romanization)
नयः (nominative singular)
नयौ (dual nominative)
नया1 (dual nominative)
नयाः (nominative plural)
नयासः1 (nominative plural)
नय (singular vocative)
नयौ (dual vocative)
नया1 (dual vocative)
नयाः (plural vocative)
नयासः1 (plural vocative)
नयम् (accusative singular)
नयौ (accusative dual)
नया1 (accusative dual)
नयान् (accusative plural)
नयेन (instrumental singular)
नयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नयैः (instrumental plural)
नयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नयाय (dative singular)
नयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नयेभ्यः (dative plural)
नयात् (ablative singular)
नयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नयस्य (genitive singular)
नययोः (dual genitive)
नयानाम् (genitive plural)
नये (locative singular)
नययोः (dual locative)
नयेषु (locative plural)

conduct, behavior, (esp.) prudent conduct or behavior, good management, polity, civil and military government

leading thought, maxim, principle, system, method, doctrine


स्रुव

→ Malayalam: സ്രുവം (sruvaṁ)

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“to flow”).


मण्डूक

maṇḍū́ka (romanization)
मण्डूकः (nominative singular)
मण्डूकौ (dual nominative)
मण्डूका1 (dual nominative)
मण्डूकाः (nominative plural)
मण्डूकासः1 (nominative plural)
मण्डूक (singular vocative)
मण्डूकौ (dual vocative)
मण्डूका1 (dual vocative)
मण्डूकाः (plural vocative)
मण्डूकासः1 (plural vocative)
मण्डूकम् (accusative singular)
मण्डूकौ (accusative dual)
मण्डूका1 (accusative dual)
मण्डूकान् (accusative plural)
मण्डूकेन (instrumental singular)
मण्डूकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मण्डूकैः (instrumental plural)
मण्डूकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मण्डूकाय (dative singular)
मण्डूकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मण्डूकेभ्यः (dative plural)
मण्डूकात् (ablative singular)
मण्डूकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मण्डूकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मण्डूकस्य (genitive singular)
मण्डूकयोः (dual genitive)
मण्डूकानाम् (genitive plural)
मण्डूके (locative singular)
मण्डूकयोः (dual locative)
मण्डूकेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

desc

Kashmiri: مۄنٛڈُکھ (mọnḍukh), مٲن (mạ̄n)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Odia: ମଣ୍ଡୁକ (maṇḍuka)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀟𑀽𑀓 (maṃḍūka)

Marathi: बेडूक (beḍūk)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀟𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓 (maṃḍukka)

Gujarati: મેંડક (meṇḍak), મેડક (meḍak)

Hindustani:

Hindi: मेंढक (meṇḍhak)

Urdu: مینڈک (meṇḍak)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੇਡਕ (meḍak)

Pali: maṇḍūka

/mɐɳ.ɖúː.kɐ/

/mɐɳˈɖuː.kɐ/

Probably a substrate borrowing, as evidenced by many variants; possibly related to मण्डल (maṇḍala) and मण्ड (maṇḍa) and/or influenced by taboo.


उर्वरा

urvárā (romanization)
उर्वरा (nominative singular)
उर्वरे (dual nominative)
उर्वराः (nominative plural)
उर्वरे (singular vocative)
उर्वरे (dual vocative)
उर्वराः (plural vocative)
उर्वराम् (accusative singular)
उर्वरे (accusative dual)
उर्वराः (accusative plural)
उर्वरया (instrumental singular)
उर्वरा1 (instrumental singular)
उर्वराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उर्वराभिः (instrumental plural)
उर्वरायै (dative singular)
उर्वराभ्याम् (dative dual)
उर्वराभ्यः (dative plural)
उर्वरायाः (ablative singular)
उर्वरायै2 (ablative singular)
उर्वराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उर्वराभ्यः (ablative plural)
उर्वरायाः (genitive singular)
उर्वरायै2 (genitive singular)
उर्वरयोः (dual genitive)
उर्वराणाम् (genitive plural)
उर्वरायाम् (locative singular)
उर्वरयोः (dual locative)
उर्वरासु (locative plural)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀭𑀻 (ubbarī)

/uɾ.ʋɐ́.ɾɑː/

/ˈuɾ.ʋɐ.ɾɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥HwáraH, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥h₃-wé-reh₂ (“fertile land”), from *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”). Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬁 (uruuarā), Ancient Greek ἄρουρᾰ (ároură, “cultivated land”).

cog

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda


ऋश

ṛ́śa (romanization)
ऋशः (nominative singular)
ऋशौ (dual nominative)
ऋशा1 (dual nominative)
ऋशाः (nominative plural)
ऋशासः1 (nominative plural)
ऋश (singular vocative)
ऋशौ (dual vocative)
ऋशा1 (dual vocative)
ऋशाः (plural vocative)
ऋशासः1 (plural vocative)
ऋशम् (accusative singular)
ऋशौ (accusative dual)
ऋशा1 (accusative dual)
ऋशान् (accusative plural)
ऋशेन (instrumental singular)
ऋशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋशैः (instrumental plural)
ऋशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ऋशाय (dative singular)
ऋशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋशेभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋशात् (ablative singular)
ऋशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋशस्य (genitive singular)
ऋशयोः (dual genitive)
ऋशानाम् (genitive plural)
ऋशे (locative singular)
ऋशयोः (dual locative)
ऋशेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ĺ̥-ḱo-s, from *h₁el- (“deer, horned wild animal”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔλαφος (élaphos, “red deer”), English elk. Also related to ऋश्य (ṛśya).

आहं तनोमि ते पसो अधि ज्यामिव धन्वनि ।
क्रमस्वर्श इव रोहितमनवग्लायता सदा ॥
āhaṃ tanomi te paso adhi jyāmiva dhanvani.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 6.101.3

I stretch your penis like a bowstring on a bow
Approach [a woman] tirelessly always, like a stag approaches a doe.

kramasvarśa iva rohitamanavaglāyatā sadā.

a stag; the male of a species of antelope


जातिफल

jātiphala (romanization)
जातिफलम् (nominative singular)
जातिफले (dual nominative)
जातिफलानि (nominative plural)
जातिफल (singular vocative)
जातिफले (dual vocative)
जातिफलानि (plural vocative)
जातिफलम् (accusative singular)
जातिफले (accusative dual)
जातिफलानि (accusative plural)
जातिफलेन (instrumental singular)
जातिफलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जातिफलैः (instrumental plural)
जातिफलाय (dative singular)
जातिफलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जातिफलेभ्यः (dative plural)
जातिफलात् (ablative singular)
जातिफलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जातिफलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जातिफलस्य (genitive singular)
जातिफलयोः (dual genitive)
जातिफलानाम् (genitive plural)
जातिफले (locative singular)
जातिफलयोः (dual locative)
जातिफलेषु (locative plural)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindi: जायफल (jāyphal)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: জাঁইফল (zãiphol)

Bengali: জায়ফল (jaẏophol)

Sylheti: ꠎꠄꠚꠟ (zoefól)

Odia: ଜାଇଫଳ (jāiphaḷa)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: जाइफल (jāiphal)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: ਜਾਇਫਲ (jāiphal)

Sindhi: جافَرُ (jāfaru)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: जायफळ (jāyphaḷ)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: જાયફળ (jāyaphaḷ)

→ Classical Tibetan: ཛ་ཏི (dza ti)

Dzongkha: ཛ་ཏི (dza ti)

Tibetan: ཛ་ཏི (dza ti)

→ Classical Mongolian: ᠵᠠᠳᠢ (ǰadi)

Kalmyk: зать (zatʹ)

Mongolian: задь (zadʹ)

/ˈd͡ʑɑː.t̪i.pʰɐ.l̪ɐ/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis
Sanskrit जाति (jāti)
Proto-Dravidian *paẓambor.
Sanskrit फल (phala)
Sanskrit जातिफल (jātiphala)
Compound of जाति (jāti) + फल (phala). Further etymology unknown. Compare Pali jātipuppha.

etymon

550 CE, Varāhamihira, Bṛhat Saṃhitā

Myristica fragrans
Myristica fragrans#Translingual


योद्धृ

yoddhṛ (romanization)
युध् (root)
योद्धा (nominative singular)
योद्धारौ (dual nominative)
योद्धारा1 (dual nominative)
योद्धारः (nominative plural)
योद्धः (singular vocative)
योद्धारौ (dual vocative)
योद्धारा1 (dual vocative)
योद्धारः (plural vocative)
योद्धारम् (accusative singular)
योद्धारौ (accusative dual)
योद्धारा1 (accusative dual)
योद्धॄन् (accusative plural)
योद्ध्रा (instrumental singular)
योद्धृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
योद्धृभिः (instrumental plural)
योद्ध्रे (dative singular)
योद्धृभ्याम् (dative dual)
योद्धृभ्यः (dative plural)
योद्धुः (ablative singular)
योद्धृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
योद्धृभ्यः (ablative plural)
योद्धुः (genitive singular)
योद्ध्रोः (dual genitive)
योद्धॄणाम् (genitive plural)
योद्धरि (locative singular)
योद्ध्रोः (dual locative)
योद्धृषु (locative plural)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਜੋਧ (jodh)

From Proto-Indo-European *Hyéwdʰ-tōr. By surface analysis, युध् (yudh) + -तृ (-tṛ).

surf

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


हस्तत्राण

hastatrāṇa (romanization)
हस्तत्राणम् (nominative singular)
हस्तत्राणे (dual nominative)
हस्तत्राणानि (nominative plural)
हस्तत्राणा1 (nominative plural)
हस्तत्राण (singular vocative)
हस्तत्राणे (dual vocative)
हस्तत्राणानि (plural vocative)
हस्तत्राणा1 (plural vocative)
हस्तत्राणम् (accusative singular)
हस्तत्राणे (accusative dual)
हस्तत्राणानि (accusative plural)
हस्तत्राणा1 (accusative plural)
हस्तत्राणेन (instrumental singular)
हस्तत्राणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हस्तत्राणैः (instrumental plural)
हस्तत्राणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हस्तत्राणाय (dative singular)
हस्तत्राणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हस्तत्राणेभ्यः (dative plural)
हस्तत्राणात् (ablative singular)
हस्तत्राणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हस्तत्राणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हस्तत्राणस्य (genitive singular)
हस्तत्राणयोः (dual genitive)
हस्तत्राणानाम् (genitive plural)
हस्तत्राणे (locative singular)
हस्तत्राणयोः (dual locative)
हस्तत्राणेषु (locative plural)

/ɦɐs.tɐt.ɾɑː.ɳɐ/

/ɦɐs̪.t̪ɐt̪ˈɾɑː.ɳɐ/

From हस्त (hasta, “hand”) + त्राण (trāṇa, “covering, protection”).


करवस्त्र

karavastra (romanization)
करवस्त्रम् (nominative singular)
करवस्त्रे (dual nominative)
करवस्त्राणि (nominative plural)
करवस्त्रा1 (nominative plural)
करवस्त्र (singular vocative)
करवस्त्रे (dual vocative)
करवस्त्राणि (plural vocative)
करवस्त्रा1 (plural vocative)
करवस्त्रम् (accusative singular)
करवस्त्रे (accusative dual)
करवस्त्राणि (accusative plural)
करवस्त्रा1 (accusative plural)
करवस्त्रेण (instrumental singular)
करवस्त्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
करवस्त्रैः (instrumental plural)
करवस्त्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
करवस्त्राय (dative singular)
करवस्त्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
करवस्त्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
करवस्त्रात् (ablative singular)
करवस्त्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
करवस्त्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
करवस्त्रस्य (genitive singular)
करवस्त्रयोः (dual genitive)
करवस्त्राणाम् (genitive plural)
करवस्त्रे (locative singular)
करवस्त्रयोः (dual locative)
करवस्त्रेषु (locative plural)

/kɐ.ɾɐˈʋɐs̪.t̪ɾɐ/

From कर (kara, “hand”) + वस्त्र (vastra, “cloth”).


भिण्डा

bhiṇḍā (romanization)
भिण्डा (nominative singular)
भिण्डे (dual nominative)
भिण्डाः (nominative plural)
भिण्डे (singular vocative)
भिण्डे (dual vocative)
भिण्डाः (plural vocative)
भिण्डाम् (accusative singular)
भिण्डे (accusative dual)
भिण्डाः (accusative plural)
भिण्डया (instrumental singular)
भिण्डा1 (instrumental singular)
भिण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भिण्डाभिः (instrumental plural)
भिण्डायै (dative singular)
भिण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भिण्डाभ्यः (dative plural)
भिण्डायाः (ablative singular)
भिण्डायै2 (ablative singular)
भिण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भिण्डाभ्यः (ablative plural)
भिण्डायाः (genitive singular)
भिण्डायै2 (genitive singular)
भिण्डयोः (dual genitive)
भिण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
भिण्डायाम् (locative singular)
भिण्डयोः (dual locative)
भिण्डासु (locative plural)

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: भिण्डी (bhiṇḍī)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ভেণ্ডি (bhendi)

Bengali: ভেন্ডি (bhenḍi)

Maithili:

Devanagari script: भिण्डी (bhiṇḍī)

Tirhuta script: 𑒦𑒱𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒲 (bhiṇḍī)

Odia: ଭେଣ୍ଡି (bheṇḍi)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: भेंडो (bheṇḍo)

Latin script: bhenddo

Marathi: भेंडी (bheṇḍī)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਭਿੰਡੀ (bhiṇḍī)

Shahmukhi script: بھِنڈِی (bhinḍī)

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڀِينڊيِ

Devanagari script: भींडी

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Gujarati: ભીંડો (bhī̃ḍo)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindustani:

desctree

Hindi: भिंडी (bhiṇḍī), भिण्डी (bhiṇḍī)
→ Pashto: بېنډۍ
→ English: bhindi

Urdu: بِھنڈِی (bhinḍī)

Borrowed from Dravidian. Compare Tamil வெண்டை (veṇṭai), Malayalam വെണ്ട (veṇṭa).


आलुक

āluka (romanization)
आलुकः (nominative singular)
आलुकौ (dual nominative)
आलुका1 (dual nominative)
आलुकाः (nominative plural)
आलुकासः1 (nominative plural)
आलुक (singular vocative)
आलुकौ (dual vocative)
आलुका1 (dual vocative)
आलुकाः (plural vocative)
आलुकासः1 (plural vocative)
आलुकम् (accusative singular)
आलुकौ (accusative dual)
आलुका1 (accusative dual)
आलुकान् (accusative plural)
आलुकेन (instrumental singular)
आलुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आलुकैः (instrumental plural)
आलुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आलुकाय (dative singular)
आलुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आलुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
आलुकात् (ablative singular)
आलुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आलुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आलुकस्य (genitive singular)
आलुकयोः (dual genitive)
आलुकानाम् (genitive plural)
आलुके (locative singular)
आलुकयोः (dual locative)
आलुकेषु (locative plural)


आलुक

āluka (romanization)
आलुकम् (nominative singular)
आलुके (dual nominative)
आलुकानि (nominative plural)
आलुका1 (nominative plural)
आलुक (singular vocative)
आलुके (dual vocative)
आलुकानि (plural vocative)
आलुका1 (plural vocative)
आलुकम् (accusative singular)
आलुके (accusative dual)
आलुकानि (accusative plural)
आलुका1 (accusative plural)
आलुकेन (instrumental singular)
आलुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आलुकैः (instrumental plural)
आलुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आलुकाय (dative singular)
आलुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आलुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
आलुकात् (ablative singular)
आलुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आलुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आलुकस्य (genitive singular)
आलुकयोः (dual genitive)
आलुकानाम् (genitive plural)
आलुके (locative singular)
आलुकयोः (dual locative)
आलुकेषु (locative plural)

the esculent root of Amorphophallus campanulatus (elephant foot yam)

Synonym of आरुक (ā́ruka, “the fruit of a medicinal plant growing on the Himalayas”)


पुष्पशाक

puṣpaśāka (romanization)
पुष्पशाकः (nominative singular)
पुष्पशाकौ (dual nominative)
पुष्पशाका1 (dual nominative)
पुष्पशाकाः (nominative plural)
पुष्पशाकासः1 (nominative plural)
पुष्पशाक (singular vocative)
पुष्पशाकौ (dual vocative)
पुष्पशाका1 (dual vocative)
पुष्पशाकाः (plural vocative)
पुष्पशाकासः1 (plural vocative)
पुष्पशाकम् (accusative singular)
पुष्पशाकौ (accusative dual)
पुष्पशाका1 (accusative dual)
पुष्पशाकान् (accusative plural)
पुष्पशाकेन (instrumental singular)
पुष्पशाकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुष्पशाकैः (instrumental plural)
पुष्पशाकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पुष्पशाकाय (dative singular)
पुष्पशाकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुष्पशाकेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुष्पशाकात् (ablative singular)
पुष्पशाकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुष्पशाकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुष्पशाकस्य (genitive singular)
पुष्पशाकयोः (dual genitive)
पुष्पशाकानाम् (genitive plural)
पुष्पशाके (locative singular)
पुष्पशाकयोः (dual locative)
पुष्पशाकेषु (locative plural)
पुष्पशाकम् (nominative singular)
पुष्पशाके (dual nominative)
पुष्पशाकानि (nominative plural)
पुष्पशाका1 (nominative plural)
पुष्पशाक (singular vocative)
पुष्पशाके (dual vocative)
पुष्पशाकानि (plural vocative)
पुष्पशाका1 (plural vocative)
पुष्पशाकम् (accusative singular)
पुष्पशाके (accusative dual)
पुष्पशाकानि (accusative plural)
पुष्पशाका1 (accusative plural)
पुष्पशाकेन (instrumental singular)
पुष्पशाकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुष्पशाकैः (instrumental plural)
पुष्पशाकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पुष्पशाकाय (dative singular)
पुष्पशाकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुष्पशाकेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुष्पशाकात् (ablative singular)
पुष्पशाकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुष्पशाकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुष्पशाकस्य (genitive singular)
पुष्पशाकयोः (dual genitive)
पुष्पशाकानाम् (genitive plural)
पुष्पशाके (locative singular)
पुष्पशाकयोः (dual locative)
पुष्पशाकेषु (locative plural)

From पुष्प (puṣpa, “flower”) + शाक (śāka, “vegetable”).


केम्बुक

kembuka (romanization)
केम्बुकम् (nominative singular)
केम्बुके (dual nominative)
केम्बुकानि (nominative plural)
केम्बुका1 (nominative plural)
केम्बुक (singular vocative)
केम्बुके (dual vocative)
केम्बुकानि (plural vocative)
केम्बुका1 (plural vocative)
केम्बुकम् (accusative singular)
केम्बुके (accusative dual)
केम्बुकानि (accusative plural)
केम्बुका1 (accusative plural)
केम्बुकेन (instrumental singular)
केम्बुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
केम्बुकैः (instrumental plural)
केम्बुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
केम्बुकाय (dative singular)
केम्बुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
केम्बुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
केम्बुकात् (ablative singular)
केम्बुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
केम्बुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
केम्बुकस्य (genitive singular)
केम्बुकयोः (dual genitive)
केम्बुकानाम् (genitive plural)
केम्बुके (locative singular)
केम्बुकयोः (dual locative)
केम्बुकेषु (locative plural)


कपिशाक

kapiśāka (romanization)
कपिशाकः (nominative singular)
कपिशाकौ (dual nominative)
कपिशाका1 (dual nominative)
कपिशाकाः (nominative plural)
कपिशाकासः1 (nominative plural)
कपिशाक (singular vocative)
कपिशाकौ (dual vocative)
कपिशाका1 (dual vocative)
कपिशाकाः (plural vocative)
कपिशाकासः1 (plural vocative)
कपिशाकम् (accusative singular)
कपिशाकौ (accusative dual)
कपिशाका1 (accusative dual)
कपिशाकान् (accusative plural)
कपिशाकेन (instrumental singular)
कपिशाकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कपिशाकैः (instrumental plural)
कपिशाकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कपिशाकाय (dative singular)
कपिशाकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कपिशाकेभ्यः (dative plural)
कपिशाकात् (ablative singular)
कपिशाकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कपिशाकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कपिशाकस्य (genitive singular)
कपिशाकयोः (dual genitive)
कपिशाकानाम् (genitive plural)
कपिशाके (locative singular)
कपिशाकयोः (dual locative)
कपिशाकेषु (locative plural)


अलाबु

alā́bu (romanization)
अलाबुः (nominative singular)
अलाबू (dual nominative)
अलाबवः (nominative plural)
अलाबो (singular vocative)
अलाबू (dual vocative)
अलाबवः (plural vocative)
अलाबुम् (accusative singular)
अलाबू (accusative dual)
अलाबूः (accusative plural)
अलाब्वा (instrumental singular)
अलाबुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अलाबुभिः (instrumental plural)
अलाबवे (dative singular)
अलाब्वै1 (dative singular)
अलाबुभ्याम् (dative dual)
अलाबुभ्यः (dative plural)
अलाबोः (ablative singular)
अलाब्वाः1 (ablative singular)
अलाब्वै2 (ablative singular)
अलाबुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अलाबुभ्यः (ablative plural)
अलाबोः (genitive singular)
अलाब्वाः1 (genitive singular)
अलाब्वै2 (genitive singular)
अलाब्वोः (dual genitive)
अलाबूनाम् (genitive plural)
अलाबौ (locative singular)
अलाब्वाम्1 (locative singular)
अलाब्वोः (dual locative)
अलाबुषु (locative plural)

Of Austroasiatic origin (Proto-Mon-Khmer *rbaw, *baw (“gourd”)).


अलाबु

alā́bu (romanization)
अलाबु (nominative singular)
अलाबुनी (dual nominative)
अलाबूनि (nominative plural)
अलाबु1 (nominative plural)
अलाबू1 (nominative plural)
अलाबु (singular vocative)
अलाबो (singular vocative)
अलाबुनी (dual vocative)
अलाबूनि (plural vocative)
अलाबु1 (plural vocative)
अलाबू1 (plural vocative)
अलाबु (accusative singular)
अलाबुनी (accusative dual)
अलाबूनि (accusative plural)
अलाबु1 (accusative plural)
अलाबू1 (accusative plural)
अलाबुना (instrumental singular)
अलाब्वा1 (instrumental singular)
अलाबुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अलाबुभिः (instrumental plural)
अलाबुने (dative singular)
अलाबवे1 (dative singular)
अलाब्वे1 (dative singular)
अलाबुभ्याम् (dative dual)
अलाबुभ्यः (dative plural)
अलाबुनः (ablative singular)
अलाबोः1 (ablative singular)
अलाब्वः1 (ablative singular)
अलाबुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अलाबुभ्यः (ablative plural)
अलाबुनः (genitive singular)
अलाबोः1 (genitive singular)
अलाब्वः1 (genitive singular)
अलाबुनोः (dual genitive)
अलाबूनाम् (genitive plural)
अलाबुनि (locative singular)
अलाबौ1 (locative singular)
अलाबुनोः (dual locative)
अलाबुषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: লাউ (lau)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀮𑀸𑀯𑀽 (lāvū)

Hindustani: (extended with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓𑁆𑀓- (-kka-) + -𑀇𑀓𑀸- (-ikā-))

Hindi: लौकी (laukī)

Urdu: لوکی (laukī)

desc

< Sanskrit <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">लाबु</i> (lābu)

→ Hindi: लाबु (lābu) (learned) (< Sanskrit लाबु (lābu))

→ Malay: labu (learned) (< Sanskrit लाबु (lābu))

Indonesian: labu


कोशवती

kośavatī (romanization)
कोशवती (nominative singular)
कोशवत्यौ (dual nominative)
कोशवती1 (dual nominative)
कोशवत्यः (nominative plural)
कोशवतीः1 (nominative plural)
कोशवति (singular vocative)
कोशवत्यौ (dual vocative)
कोशवती1 (dual vocative)
कोशवत्यः (plural vocative)
कोशवतीः1 (plural vocative)
कोशवतीम् (accusative singular)
कोशवत्यौ (accusative dual)
कोशवती1 (accusative dual)
कोशवतीः (accusative plural)
कोशवत्या (instrumental singular)
कोशवतीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोशवतीभिः (instrumental plural)
कोशवत्यै (dative singular)
कोशवतीभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोशवतीभ्यः (dative plural)
कोशवत्याः (ablative singular)
कोशवत्यै2 (ablative singular)
कोशवतीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोशवतीभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोशवत्याः (genitive singular)
कोशवत्यै2 (genitive singular)
कोशवत्योः (dual genitive)
कोशवतीनाम् (genitive plural)
कोशवत्याम् (locative singular)
कोशवत्योः (dual locative)
कोशवतीषु (locative plural)


पटोल

paṭola (romanization)
पटोलः (nominative singular)
पटोलौ (dual nominative)
पटोला1 (dual nominative)
पटोलाः (nominative plural)
पटोलासः1 (nominative plural)
पटोल (singular vocative)
पटोलौ (dual vocative)
पटोला1 (dual vocative)
पटोलाः (plural vocative)
पटोलासः1 (plural vocative)
पटोलम् (accusative singular)
पटोलौ (accusative dual)
पटोला1 (accusative dual)
पटोलान् (accusative plural)
पटोलेन (instrumental singular)
पटोलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पटोलैः (instrumental plural)
पटोलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पटोलाय (dative singular)
पटोलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पटोलेभ्यः (dative plural)
पटोलात् (ablative singular)
पटोलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पटोलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पटोलस्य (genitive singular)
पटोलयोः (dual genitive)
पटोलानाम् (genitive plural)
पटोले (locative singular)
पटोलयोः (dual locative)
पटोलेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀟𑁄𑀮 (paḍola), 𑀧𑀑𑀮 (paola)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: पडवळ (paḍavaḷa)

Modi script: 𑘢𑘚𑘪𑘯 (paḍavaḷa)

Pali: paṭola

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: પરવળ (parvaḷ), પંડોળું (paṇḍoḷũ)

Hindustani:

Hindi: परवल (parval)

Urdu: پَرْوَل (parval)

→ Assamese: পটল (potol)

→ Bengali: পটোল (poṭōl)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: पटोल (paṭol)

Urdu: پَٹول (paṭol)

Borrowed from Dravidian. Compare Tamil புடலை (puṭalai).

/pɐˈʈoː.l̪ɐ/


पटोल

paṭola (romanization)
पटोलम् (nominative singular)
पटोले (dual nominative)
पटोलानि (nominative plural)
पटोला1 (nominative plural)
पटोल (singular vocative)
पटोले (dual vocative)
पटोलानि (plural vocative)
पटोला1 (plural vocative)
पटोलम् (accusative singular)
पटोले (accusative dual)
पटोलानि (accusative plural)
पटोला1 (accusative plural)
पटोलेन (instrumental singular)
पटोलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पटोलैः (instrumental plural)
पटोलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पटोलाय (dative singular)
पटोलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पटोलेभ्यः (dative plural)
पटोलात् (ablative singular)
पटोलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पटोलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पटोलस्य (genitive singular)
पटोलयोः (dual genitive)
पटोलानाम् (genitive plural)
पटोले (locative singular)
पटोलयोः (dual locative)
पटोलेषु (locative plural)

Gujarati: પટોળું (paṭoḷũ)

From पट (paṭa, “garment, piece of cloth”).

/pɐˈʈoː.l̪ɐ/


कुष्माण्ड

sa-noun

कुष्माण्ड • (kuṣmāṇḍa) stem, m

kuṣmāṇḍa (romanization)
कुष्माण्डः (nominative singular)
कुष्माण्डौ (dual nominative)
कुष्माण्डा1 (dual nominative)
कुष्माण्डाः (nominative plural)
कुष्माण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
कुष्माण्ड (singular vocative)
कुष्माण्डौ (dual vocative)
कुष्माण्डा1 (dual vocative)
कुष्माण्डाः (plural vocative)
कुष्माण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
कुष्माण्डम् (accusative singular)
कुष्माण्डौ (accusative dual)
कुष्माण्डा1 (accusative dual)
कुष्माण्डान् (accusative plural)
कुष्माण्डेन (instrumental singular)
कुष्माण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुष्माण्डैः (instrumental plural)
कुष्माण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुष्माण्डाय (dative singular)
कुष्माण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुष्माण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुष्माण्डात् (ablative singular)
कुष्माण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुष्माण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुष्माण्डस्य (genitive singular)
कुष्माण्डयोः (dual genitive)
कुष्माण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
कुष्माण्डे (locative singular)
कुष्माण्डयोः (dual locative)
कुष्माण्डेषु (locative plural)

/kuʂˈmɑːɳ.ɖɐ/

Hypercorrected form of a Middle Indo-Aryan *kumhaṃḍa, from a substrate language. See कुम्हड़ा (kumhaṛā) for more.


पालङ्की

pālaṅkī (romanization)
पालङ्की (nominative singular)
पालङ्क्यौ (dual nominative)
पालङ्की1 (dual nominative)
पालङ्क्यः (nominative plural)
पालङ्कीः1 (nominative plural)
पालङ्कि (singular vocative)
पालङ्क्यौ (dual vocative)
पालङ्की1 (dual vocative)
पालङ्क्यः (plural vocative)
पालङ्कीः1 (plural vocative)
पालङ्कीम् (accusative singular)
पालङ्क्यौ (accusative dual)
पालङ्की1 (accusative dual)
पालङ्कीः (accusative plural)
पालङ्क्या (instrumental singular)
पालङ्कीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पालङ्कीभिः (instrumental plural)
पालङ्क्यै (dative singular)
पालङ्कीभ्याम् (dative dual)
पालङ्कीभ्यः (dative plural)
पालङ्क्याः (ablative singular)
पालङ्क्यै2 (ablative singular)
पालङ्कीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पालङ्कीभ्यः (ablative plural)
पालङ्क्याः (genitive singular)
पालङ्क्यै2 (genitive singular)
पालङ्क्योः (dual genitive)
पालङ्कीनाम् (genitive plural)
पालङ्क्याम् (locative singular)
पालङ्क्योः (dual locative)
पालङ्कीषु (locative plural)

/pɑːˈl̪ɐŋ.kiː/

gum olibanum, Indian frankincense (Boswellia thurifera)


वातिङ्गण

vātiṅgaṇa (romanization)
वातिङ्गणः (nominative singular)
वातिङ्गणौ (dual nominative)
वातिङ्गणा1 (dual nominative)
वातिङ्गणाः (nominative plural)
वातिङ्गणासः1 (nominative plural)
वातिङ्गण (singular vocative)
वातिङ्गणौ (dual vocative)
वातिङ्गणा1 (dual vocative)
वातिङ्गणाः (plural vocative)
वातिङ्गणासः1 (plural vocative)
वातिङ्गणम् (accusative singular)
वातिङ्गणौ (accusative dual)
वातिङ्गणा1 (accusative dual)
वातिङ्गणान् (accusative plural)
वातिङ्गणेन (instrumental singular)
वातिङ्गणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वातिङ्गणैः (instrumental plural)
वातिङ्गणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वातिङ्गणाय (dative singular)
वातिङ्गणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वातिङ्गणेभ्यः (dative plural)
वातिङ्गणात् (ablative singular)
वातिङ्गणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वातिङ्गणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वातिङ्गणस्य (genitive singular)
वातिङ्गणयोः (dual genitive)
वातिङ्गणानाम् (genitive plural)
वातिङ्गणे (locative singular)
वातिङ्गणयोः (dual locative)
वातिङ्गणेषु (locative plural)
वातिङ्गणम् (nominative singular)
वातिङ्गणे (dual nominative)
वातिङ्गणानि (nominative plural)
वातिङ्गणा1 (nominative plural)
वातिङ्गण (singular vocative)
वातिङ्गणे (dual vocative)
वातिङ्गणानि (plural vocative)
वातिङ्गणा1 (plural vocative)
वातिङ्गणम् (accusative singular)
वातिङ्गणे (accusative dual)
वातिङ्गणानि (accusative plural)
वातिङ्गणा1 (accusative plural)
वातिङ्गणेन (instrumental singular)
वातिङ्गणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वातिङ्गणैः (instrumental plural)
वातिङ्गणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वातिङ्गणाय (dative singular)
वातिङ्गणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वातिङ्गणेभ्यः (dative plural)
वातिङ्गणात् (ablative singular)
वातिङ्गणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वातिङ्गणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वातिङ्गणस्य (genitive singular)
वातिङ्गणयोः (dual genitive)
वातिङ्गणानाम् (genitive plural)
वातिङ्गणे (locative singular)
वातिङ्गणयोः (dual locative)
वातिङ्गणेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀇𑀁𑀕𑀡 (vāiṃgaṇa) (see there for further descendants)

Pali: vātiṅgaṇa

desc

→ Classical Persian: بَادِنْگَان (bādingān), بَادِنْجَان (bādinjān) (see there for further descendants)

→ Iranian:

→ Dardic: (or learned borrowing from Sanskrit) (“tomato”)

Kalami: بَاتِنگَنْڑ (bātĩgäṇ)

Kalami: بَاتِنگَنْڑ (bātĩgäṇ)

Phalura: beetíngal

Ushojo: باتِنگڑ (bātingaṛ)

/ʋɑːˈt̪iŋ.ɡɐ.ɳɐ/

Etymology tree
Proto-Dravidian *waẓVtVder.
Sanskrit वातिङ्गण (vātiṅgaṇa)
Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *waẓVtV; compare Malayalam വഴുതനങ്ങ (vaḻutanaṅṅa). Related to other names for the same plant, such as भण्टाकी (bhaṇṭākī), वृन्ताक (vṛntāka).


रक्तफल

raktaphala (romanization)
रक्तफलम् (nominative singular)
रक्तफले (dual nominative)
रक्तफलानि (nominative plural)
रक्तफला1 (nominative plural)
रक्तफल (singular vocative)
रक्तफले (dual vocative)
रक्तफलानि (plural vocative)
रक्तफला1 (plural vocative)
रक्तफलम् (accusative singular)
रक्तफले (accusative dual)
रक्तफलानि (accusative plural)
रक्तफला1 (accusative plural)
रक्तफलेन (instrumental singular)
रक्तफलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रक्तफलैः (instrumental plural)
रक्तफलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रक्तफलाय (dative singular)
रक्तफलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रक्तफलेभ्यः (dative plural)
रक्तफलात् (ablative singular)
रक्तफलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रक्तफलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रक्तफलस्य (genitive singular)
रक्तफलयोः (dual genitive)
रक्तफलानाम् (genitive plural)
रक्तफले (locative singular)
रक्तफलयोः (dual locative)
रक्तफलेषु (locative plural)

/ˈɾɐk.t̪ɐ.pʰɐ.l̪ɐ/

[ˈɾɐk̚.t̪ɐ.pʰɐ.l̪ɐ]

From रक्त (rakta, “red”) + फल (phala, “fruit”).


शैम्ब्य

śaimbya (romanization)
शैम्ब्यः (nominative singular)
शैम्ब्यौ (dual nominative)
शैम्ब्या1 (dual nominative)
शैम्ब्याः (nominative plural)
शैम्ब्यासः1 (nominative plural)
शैम्ब्य (singular vocative)
शैम्ब्यौ (dual vocative)
शैम्ब्या1 (dual vocative)
शैम्ब्याः (plural vocative)
शैम्ब्यासः1 (plural vocative)
शैम्ब्यम् (accusative singular)
शैम्ब्यौ (accusative dual)
शैम्ब्या1 (accusative dual)
शैम्ब्यान् (accusative plural)
शैम्ब्येन (instrumental singular)
शैम्ब्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शैम्ब्यैः (instrumental plural)
शैम्ब्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शैम्ब्याय (dative singular)
शैम्ब्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
शैम्ब्येभ्यः (dative plural)
शैम्ब्यात् (ablative singular)
शैम्ब्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शैम्ब्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
शैम्ब्यस्य (genitive singular)
शैम्ब्ययोः (dual genitive)
शैम्ब्यानाम् (genitive plural)
शैम्ब्ये (locative singular)
शैम्ब्ययोः (dual locative)
शैम्ब्येषु (locative plural)


कर्कटिका

karkaṭikā (romanization)
कर्कटिका (nominative singular)
कर्कटिके (dual nominative)
कर्कटिकाः (nominative plural)
कर्कटिके (singular vocative)
कर्कटिके (dual vocative)
कर्कटिकाः (plural vocative)
कर्कटिकाम् (accusative singular)
कर्कटिके (accusative dual)
कर्कटिकाः (accusative plural)
कर्कटिकया (instrumental singular)
कर्कटिका1 (instrumental singular)
कर्कटिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्कटिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
कर्कटिकायै (dative singular)
कर्कटिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्कटिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्कटिकायाः (ablative singular)
कर्कटिकायै2 (ablative singular)
कर्कटिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्कटिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्कटिकायाः (genitive singular)
कर्कटिकायै2 (genitive singular)
कर्कटिकयोः (dual genitive)
कर्कटिकानाम् (genitive plural)
कर्कटिकायाम् (locative singular)
कर्कटिकयोः (dual locative)
कर्कटिकासु (locative plural)


भशिरा

bhaśirā (romanization)
भशिरा (nominative singular)
भशिरे (dual nominative)
भशिराः (nominative plural)
भशिरे (singular vocative)
भशिरे (dual vocative)
भशिराः (plural vocative)
भशिराम् (accusative singular)
भशिरे (accusative dual)
भशिराः (accusative plural)
भशिरया (instrumental singular)
भशिरा1 (instrumental singular)
भशिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भशिराभिः (instrumental plural)
भशिरायै (dative singular)
भशिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
भशिराभ्यः (dative plural)
भशिरायाः (ablative singular)
भशिरायै2 (ablative singular)
भशिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भशिराभ्यः (ablative plural)
भशिरायाः (genitive singular)
भशिरायै2 (genitive singular)
भशिरयोः (dual genitive)
भशिराणाम् (genitive plural)
भशिरायाम् (locative singular)
भशिरयोः (dual locative)
भशिरासु (locative plural)

/bʱɐ.ɕi.ɾɑː/

/ˈbʱɐ.ɕi.ɾɑː/


धानेयक

dhāneyaka (romanization)
धानेयकम् (nominative singular)
धानेयके (dual nominative)
धानेयकानि (nominative plural)
धानेयका1 (nominative plural)
धानेयक (singular vocative)
धानेयके (dual vocative)
धानेयकानि (plural vocative)
धानेयका1 (plural vocative)
धानेयकम् (accusative singular)
धानेयके (accusative dual)
धानेयकानि (accusative plural)
धानेयका1 (accusative plural)
धानेयकेन (instrumental singular)
धानेयकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धानेयकैः (instrumental plural)
धानेयकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
धानेयकाय (dative singular)
धानेयकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
धानेयकेभ्यः (dative plural)
धानेयकात् (ablative singular)
धानेयकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धानेयकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
धानेयकस्य (genitive singular)
धानेयकयोः (dual genitive)
धानेयकानाम् (genitive plural)
धानेयके (locative singular)
धानेयकयोः (dual locative)
धानेयकेषु (locative plural)

/d̪ʱɑːˈn̪eː.jɐ.kɐ/


मूलिका

mūlikā (romanization)
मूलिका (nominative singular)
मूलिके (dual nominative)
मूलिकाः (nominative plural)
मूलिके (singular vocative)
मूलिके (dual vocative)
मूलिकाः (plural vocative)
मूलिकाम् (accusative singular)
मूलिके (accusative dual)
मूलिकाः (accusative plural)
मूलिकया (instrumental singular)
मूलिका1 (instrumental singular)
मूलिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मूलिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
मूलिकायै (dative singular)
मूलिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मूलिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
मूलिकायाः (ablative singular)
मूलिकायै2 (ablative singular)
मूलिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मूलिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
मूलिकायाः (genitive singular)
मूलिकायै2 (genitive singular)
मूलिकयोः (dual genitive)
मूलिकानाम् (genitive plural)
मूलिकायाम् (locative singular)
मूलिकयोः (dual locative)
मूलिकासु (locative plural)


हरेणु

hareṇu (romanization)
हरेणुः (nominative singular)
हरेणू (dual nominative)
हरेणवः (nominative plural)
हरेणो (singular vocative)
हरेणू (dual vocative)
हरेणवः (plural vocative)
हरेणुम् (accusative singular)
हरेणू (accusative dual)
हरेणून् (accusative plural)
हरेणुना (instrumental singular)
हरेण्वा1 (instrumental singular)
हरेणुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हरेणुभिः (instrumental plural)
हरेणवे (dative singular)
हरेण्वे1 (dative singular)
हरेणुभ्याम् (dative dual)
हरेणुभ्यः (dative plural)
हरेणोः (ablative singular)
हरेण्वः1 (ablative singular)
हरेणुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हरेणुभ्यः (ablative plural)
हरेणोः (genitive singular)
हरेण्वः1 (genitive singular)
हरेण्वोः (dual genitive)
हरेणूनाम् (genitive plural)
हरेणौ (locative singular)
हरेण्वोः (dual locative)
हरेणुषु (locative plural)

a kind of pea or pulse (with slightly globular seeds)

a creeper marking the boundary of a village


हरेणु

hareṇu (romanization)
हरेणुः (nominative singular)
हरेणू (dual nominative)
हरेणवः (nominative plural)
हरेणो (singular vocative)
हरेणू (dual vocative)
हरेणवः (plural vocative)
हरेणुम् (accusative singular)
हरेणू (accusative dual)
हरेणूः (accusative plural)
हरेण्वा (instrumental singular)
हरेणुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हरेणुभिः (instrumental plural)
हरेणवे (dative singular)
हरेण्वै1 (dative singular)
हरेणुभ्याम् (dative dual)
हरेणुभ्यः (dative plural)
हरेणोः (ablative singular)
हरेण्वाः1 (ablative singular)
हरेण्वै2 (ablative singular)
हरेणुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हरेणुभ्यः (ablative plural)
हरेणोः (genitive singular)
हरेण्वाः1 (genitive singular)
हरेण्वै2 (genitive singular)
हरेण्वोः (dual genitive)
हरेणूनाम् (genitive plural)
हरेणौ (locative singular)
हरेण्वाम्1 (locative singular)
हरेण्वोः (dual locative)
हरेणुषु (locative plural)

reṇukā रेणुका

a sort of drug or perfume (equals reṇukā)


छत्रक

/t͡ɕʰɐt.ɾɐ.kɐ/

/ˈt͡ɕʰɐt̪.ɾɐ.kɐ/

छत्त्रक छत्त्रक#Sanskrit


छत्रक

/t͡ɕʰɐt.ɾɐ.kɐ/

/ˈt͡ɕʰɐt̪.ɾɐ.kɐ/

छत्त्रक छत्त्रक#Sanskrit


मेथिका

methikā (romanization)
मेथिका (nominative singular)
मेथिके (dual nominative)
मेथिकाः (nominative plural)
मेथिके (singular vocative)
मेथिके (dual vocative)
मेथिकाः (plural vocative)
मेथिकाम् (accusative singular)
मेथिके (accusative dual)
मेथिकाः (accusative plural)
मेथिकया (instrumental singular)
मेथिका1 (instrumental singular)
मेथिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेथिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
मेथिकायै (dative singular)
मेथिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेथिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
मेथिकायाः (ablative singular)
मेथिकायै2 (ablative singular)
मेथिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेथिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेथिकायाः (genitive singular)
मेथिकायै2 (genitive singular)
मेथिकयोः (dual genitive)
मेथिकानाम् (genitive plural)
मेथिकायाम् (locative singular)
मेथिकयोः (dual locative)
मेथिकासु (locative plural)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *mentti (compare Sanskrit मेथी (methī), Tamil வெந்தயம் (ventayam), Telugu మెంతులు (mentulu), Kannada ಮೆಂತೆ (mente)).


कारवेल्ल

sa-noun

कारवेल्ल • (kāravella) stem, m or n (feminine करवेल्ली)

kāravella (romanization)
करवेल्ली (feminine)
कारवेल्लः (nominative singular)
कारवेल्लौ (dual nominative)
कारवेल्ला1 (dual nominative)
कारवेल्लाः (nominative plural)
कारवेल्लासः1 (nominative plural)
कारवेल्ल (singular vocative)
कारवेल्लौ (dual vocative)
कारवेल्ला1 (dual vocative)
कारवेल्लाः (plural vocative)
कारवेल्लासः1 (plural vocative)
कारवेल्लम् (accusative singular)
कारवेल्लौ (accusative dual)
कारवेल्ला1 (accusative dual)
कारवेल्लान् (accusative plural)
कारवेल्लेन (instrumental singular)
कारवेल्लाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कारवेल्लैः (instrumental plural)
कारवेल्लेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कारवेल्लाय (dative singular)
कारवेल्लाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कारवेल्लेभ्यः (dative plural)
कारवेल्लात् (ablative singular)
कारवेल्लाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कारवेल्लेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कारवेल्लस्य (genitive singular)
कारवेल्लयोः (dual genitive)
कारवेल्लानाम् (genitive plural)
कारवेल्ले (locative singular)
कारवेल्लयोः (dual locative)
कारवेल्लेषु (locative plural)
कारवेल्लम् (nominative singular)
कारवेल्ले (dual nominative)
कारवेल्लानि (nominative plural)
कारवेल्ला1 (nominative plural)
कारवेल्ल (singular vocative)
कारवेल्ले (dual vocative)
कारवेल्लानि (plural vocative)
कारवेल्ला1 (plural vocative)
कारवेल्लम् (accusative singular)
कारवेल्ले (accusative dual)
कारवेल्लानि (accusative plural)
कारवेल्ला1 (accusative plural)
कारवेल्लेन (instrumental singular)
कारवेल्लाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कारवेल्लैः (instrumental plural)
कारवेल्लेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कारवेल्लाय (dative singular)
कारवेल्लाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कारवेल्लेभ्यः (dative plural)
कारवेल्लात् (ablative singular)
कारवेल्लाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कारवेल्लेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कारवेल्लस्य (genitive singular)
कारवेल्लयोः (dual genitive)
कारवेल्लानाम् (genitive plural)
कारवेल्ले (locative singular)
कारवेल्लयोः (dual locative)
कारवेल्लेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: کَریل (karēl)

Pali: kāravella

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀬𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀈 (kāriyallaī)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

desc

Bihari: करइला (karailā), करइली (karailī)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: කරිවිල (kariwila)

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬 (kārĕllaya)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: karelā

Hindi: करेला

Urdu: کَریلہ

Urdu: کَریلہ

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: কেৰেলা (kerela)

Bengali: করেলা (korela), করেলি (koreli), করলা (korla)

Odia: କର୍ଲା (karlā), କଲରା (kalarā), କଲୁରି (kaluri), କରଡ଼ା (karaṛā)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: करेलो (karelo)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: करेल (karel)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Lahnda: کریلا (krēlā)

Punjabi: karelā

Gurmukhi script: ਕਰੇਲਾ

Shahmukhi script: کَریلَا

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: karelo

Arabic script: ڪَريلو

Devanagari script: करेलो

Southern:

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: कारली (kārlī), कारलें (kārlẽ), कारेती (kāretī), कारेतें (kāretẽ)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: કારેલી (kārelī), કારેલું (kārelũ)

/kɑː.ɾɐˈʋeːl̪.l̪ɐ/

Momordica charantia
Momordica charantia#Translingual


निम्बूक

nimbūka (romanization)
निम्बूकः (nominative singular)
निम्बूकौ (dual nominative)
निम्बूका1 (dual nominative)
निम्बूकाः (nominative plural)
निम्बूकासः1 (nominative plural)
निम्बूक (singular vocative)
निम्बूकौ (dual vocative)
निम्बूका1 (dual vocative)
निम्बूकाः (plural vocative)
निम्बूकासः1 (plural vocative)
निम्बूकम् (accusative singular)
निम्बूकौ (accusative dual)
निम्बूका1 (accusative dual)
निम्बूकान् (accusative plural)
निम्बूकेन (instrumental singular)
निम्बूकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
निम्बूकैः (instrumental plural)
निम्बूकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
निम्बूकाय (dative singular)
निम्बूकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
निम्बूकेभ्यः (dative plural)
निम्बूकात् (ablative singular)
निम्बूकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
निम्बूकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
निम्बूकस्य (genitive singular)
निम्बूकयोः (dual genitive)
निम्बूकानाम् (genitive plural)
निम्बूके (locative singular)
निम्बूकयोः (dual locative)
निम्बूकेषु (locative plural)


गृञ्जन

gṛñjana (romanization)
गृञ्जनम् (nominative singular)
गृञ्जने (dual nominative)
गृञ्जनानि (nominative plural)
गृञ्जना1 (nominative plural)
गृञ्जन (singular vocative)
गृञ्जने (dual vocative)
गृञ्जनानि (plural vocative)
गृञ्जना1 (plural vocative)
गृञ्जनम् (accusative singular)
गृञ्जने (accusative dual)
गृञ्जनानि (accusative plural)
गृञ्जना1 (accusative plural)
गृञ्जनेन (instrumental singular)
गृञ्जनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गृञ्जनैः (instrumental plural)
गृञ्जनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गृञ्जनाय (dative singular)
गृञ्जनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गृञ्जनेभ्यः (dative plural)
गृञ्जनात् (ablative singular)
गृञ्जनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गृञ्जनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गृञ्जनस्य (genitive singular)
गृञ्जनयोः (dual genitive)
गृञ्जनानाम् (genitive plural)
गृञ्जने (locative singular)
गृञ्जनयोः (dual locative)
गृञ्जनेषु (locative plural)

/ɡr̩ɲ.d͡ʑɐ.nɐ/

/ˈɡr̩ɲ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/

Uncertain.
Mayrhofer tentatively connects this with Ancient Greek γέλγις (gélgis, “head of garlic”) and Swedish kälk, but this is also uncertain. He also originally considered a potential connection with गञ्जा (gañjā, “hemp”), but later doubts this.
Monier-Williams proposes a derivation from गृज् (gṛj, “to rumble, sound”), itself from गर्ज् (garj) and thus Proto-Indo-European *gerh₂- (“to cry hoarsely”), but this presents semantic difficulties. There is also the phonetic problem of the extra ñ. Compare, however, गार्जर (gārjara, “carrot”).

cog

a small red variety of garlic or onion (prohibited as food for द्विज) Mn. v , 5 Ya1jn5. i , 176 Bhpr.

the tops of hemp chewed to produce an inebriating effect (the ganja) W.

the meat of an animal destroyed by poisoned arrow; 'अथ गृञ्जनं विषदिग्धपशोर्मांसे' Medinī. । Mb.13.9.39.


वर्वट

/ˈʋɐɾ.ʋɐ.ʈɐ/

बर्बट बर्बट#Sanskrit

Alternative spelling of बर्बट (barbaṭa, “Dolichos catjang”)


राजमाष

rājamāṣa (romanization)
राजमाषः (nominative singular)
राजमाषौ (dual nominative)
राजमाषा1 (dual nominative)
राजमाषाः (nominative plural)
राजमाषासः1 (nominative plural)
राजमाष (singular vocative)
राजमाषौ (dual vocative)
राजमाषा1 (dual vocative)
राजमाषाः (plural vocative)
राजमाषासः1 (plural vocative)
राजमाषम् (accusative singular)
राजमाषौ (accusative dual)
राजमाषा1 (accusative dual)
राजमाषान् (accusative plural)
राजमाषेण (instrumental singular)
राजमाषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राजमाषैः (instrumental plural)
राजमाषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
राजमाषाय (dative singular)
राजमाषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
राजमाषेभ्यः (dative plural)
राजमाषात् (ablative singular)
राजमाषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राजमाषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
राजमाषस्य (genitive singular)
राजमाषयोः (dual genitive)
राजमाषाणाम् (genitive plural)
राजमाषे (locative singular)
राजमाषयोः (dual locative)
राजमाषेषु (locative plural)

/ɾɑː.d͡ʑɐ.mɑː.ʂɐ/

/ɾɑː.d͡ʑɐˈmɑː.ʂɐ/

Sanskritization of Punjabi ਰਾਜਮਾਂਹ (rājmā̃h).


चण

caṇa (romanization)
चणः (nominative singular)
चणौ (dual nominative)
चणा1 (dual nominative)
चणाः (nominative plural)
चणासः1 (nominative plural)
चण (singular vocative)
चणौ (dual vocative)
चणा1 (dual vocative)
चणाः (plural vocative)
चणासः1 (plural vocative)
चणम् (accusative singular)
चणौ (accusative dual)
चणा1 (accusative dual)
चणान् (accusative plural)
चणेन (instrumental singular)
चणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चणैः (instrumental plural)
चणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चणाय (dative singular)
चणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चणेभ्यः (dative plural)
चणात् (ablative singular)
चणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चणस्य (genitive singular)
चणयोः (dual genitive)
चणानाम् (genitive plural)
चणे (locative singular)
चणयोः (dual locative)
चणेषु (locative plural)

Probably borrowed from Dravidian; compare Telugu సెనగలు (senagalu, “chickpea (Cicer arietinum)”). In this case, the Sanskrit term is borrowed from Dravidian, rather than the other way around.

Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinum#Translingual


टिण्डिश

sa-noun

टिण्डिश • (ṭiṇḍiśa) stem, m

ṭiṇḍiśa (romanization)
टिण्डिशः (nominative singular)
टिण्डिशौ (dual nominative)
टिण्डिशा1 (dual nominative)
टिण्डिशाः (nominative plural)
टिण्डिशासः1 (nominative plural)
टिण्डिश (singular vocative)
टिण्डिशौ (dual vocative)
टिण्डिशा1 (dual vocative)
टिण्डिशाः (plural vocative)
टिण्डिशासः1 (plural vocative)
टिण्डिशम् (accusative singular)
टिण्डिशौ (accusative dual)
टिण्डिशा1 (accusative dual)
टिण्डिशान् (accusative plural)
टिण्डिशेन (instrumental singular)
टिण्डिशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
टिण्डिशैः (instrumental plural)
टिण्डिशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
टिण्डिशाय (dative singular)
टिण्डिशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
टिण्डिशेभ्यः (dative plural)
टिण्डिशात् (ablative singular)
टिण्डिशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
टिण्डिशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
टिण्डिशस्य (genitive singular)
टिण्डिशयोः (dual genitive)
टिण्डिशानाम् (genitive plural)
टिण्डिशे (locative singular)
टिण्डिशयोः (dual locative)
टिण्डिशेषु (locative plural)

Hindustani: ṭiṇḍā

Hindi: टिंडा

desc

Urdu: ٹِن٘ڈا

Urdu: ٹِن٘ڈا

Sindhi: ṭiṇḍasu

Arabic script: ٽِنڊَسُ

Devanagari script: टिंडसु

/ˈʈiɳ.ɖi.ɕɐ/

Given the semantic domain and the number of alternative forms, probably from a substrate.


न्यून

nyū̀na (romanization)
न्यूनम् (nominative singular)
न्यूने (dual nominative)
न्यूनानि (nominative plural)
न्यूना1 (nominative plural)
न्यून (singular vocative)
न्यूने (dual vocative)
न्यूनानि (plural vocative)
न्यूना1 (plural vocative)
न्यूनम् (accusative singular)
न्यूने (accusative dual)
न्यूनानि (accusative plural)
न्यूना1 (accusative plural)
न्यूनेन (instrumental singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
न्यूनैः (instrumental plural)
न्यूनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
न्यूनाय (dative singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
न्यूनेभ्यः (dative plural)
न्यूनात् (ablative singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
न्यूनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
न्यूनस्य (genitive singular)
न्यूनयोः (dual genitive)
न्यूनानाम् (genitive plural)
न्यूने (locative singular)
न्यूनयोः (dual locative)
न्यूनेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀽𑀡 (ṇūṇa)
⇒ Prakrit: *𑀡𑀽𑀡𑀺𑀓𑀸 (*ṇūṇikā) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀇𑀓𑀸- (-ikā-))
Assamese: নুনু (nunu)
Bengali: নুনু (nunu), নুনি (nuni)
Hindustani: nūnī
Hindi: नूनी
Urdu: نُونی
Marathi: नुन्नी (nunnī), नुनी (nunī)
Odia: ନୁନି (nuni), ନୁନ୍ନି (nunni)
Kumaoni: नूनि (“paralysed in limbs”)

desc

→ Tamil: நியூனம் (niyūṉam), நூனம் (nūṉam)

→ Assamese: ন্যূন (nyun) (learned)

→ Bengali: ন্যূন (nun) (learned)

→ Gujarati: ન્યૂન (nyūn) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: न्यून (nyūn)

→ Kannada: ನ್ಯೂನ (nyūna) (learned)

→ Malayalam: ന്യൂനം (nyūnaṁ) (learned)

→ Marathi: न्यून (nyūn) (learned)

→ Odia: ନ୍ୟୂନ (nyuna) (learned)

→ Telugu: న్యూనము (nyūnamu) (learned)


मांस्

From Proto-Indo-European *mḗms (“flesh, meat”). See also मांस (māṃsa).

inh

यन् नीक्षणं मांस्-पचन्या उखाया या पात्राणि यूष्ण आसेचनानि । ऊष्मण्यापिधाना चरूणाम् अङ्काः सूनाः परि भूषन्त्य् अश्वम् ॥

The ladle of the meat-cooking cauldron, the vessels out of which the broth is sprinkled, The warming-pots, the covers of the dishes, hooks, carving-boards,-all these attend the Horse.

yan nīkṣaṇaṃ māṃs-pacanyā ukhāyā yā pātrāṇi yūṣṇa āsecanāni. ūṣmaṇyāpidhānā carūṇām aṅkāḥ sūnāḥ pari bhūṣanty aśvam.


वृक्क

vṛkká (romanization)
वृक्कः (nominative singular)
वृक्कौ (dual nominative)
वृक्का1 (dual nominative)
वृक्काः (nominative plural)
वृक्कासः1 (nominative plural)
वृक्क (singular vocative)
वृक्कौ (dual vocative)
वृक्का1 (dual vocative)
वृक्काः (plural vocative)
वृक्कासः1 (plural vocative)
वृक्कम् (accusative singular)
वृक्कौ (accusative dual)
वृक्का1 (accusative dual)
वृक्कान् (accusative plural)
वृक्केण (instrumental singular)
वृक्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृक्कैः (instrumental plural)
वृक्केभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वृक्काय (dative singular)
वृक्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृक्केभ्यः (dative plural)
वृक्कात् (ablative singular)
वृक्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृक्केभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृक्कस्य (genitive singular)
वृक्कयोः (dual genitive)
वृक्काणाम् (genitive plural)
वृक्के (locative singular)
वृक्कयोः (dual locative)
वृक्केषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalami: جُوک (juk)

Kalasha: bruk

Khowar: بروُک (bruk)

Phalura: bhruk

Pali: vakka

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥tkás (“kidney”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬐𐬀 (vər^əδka), Middle Persian gwltk’ (gurdag), whence modern Persian گرده (gorde, “kidney”).

inh+

क्रोधो वृक्कौ मन्युराण्डौ प्रजा शेपः ॥

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 9.7.13

Wrath [represents] the kidneys, anger the testes, offspring the generative organ [of the Divine Bull].


बन्धन

bándhana (romanization)
बन्धनम् (nominative singular)
बन्धने (dual nominative)
बन्धनानि (nominative plural)
बन्धना1 (nominative plural)
बन्धन (singular vocative)
बन्धने (dual vocative)
बन्धनानि (plural vocative)
बन्धना1 (plural vocative)
बन्धनम् (accusative singular)
बन्धने (accusative dual)
बन्धनानि (accusative plural)
बन्धना1 (accusative plural)
बन्धनेन (instrumental singular)
बन्धनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बन्धनैः (instrumental plural)
बन्धनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बन्धनाय (dative singular)
बन्धनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बन्धनेभ्यः (dative plural)
बन्धनात् (ablative singular)
बन्धनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बन्धनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बन्धनस्य (genitive singular)
बन्धनयोः (dual genitive)
बन्धनानाम् (genitive plural)
बन्धने (locative singular)
बन्धनयोः (dual locative)
बन्धनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈbɐn̪.d̪ʱɐ.n̪ɐ/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-
Sanskrit बन्ध् (bandh)
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Sanskrit -अन (-ana)
Sanskrit बन्धन (bandhana)
From the root बन्ध् (bandh) + -अन (-ana), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to bind, tie”).

der

त्र्य॑म्बकं यजामहे सु॒गन्धिं॑ पुष्टि॒वर्ध॑नम् ।
उ॒र्वा॒रु॒कम् इ॑व॒ बन्ध॑नान् मृ॒त्योर् मु॑क्षीय॒ मामृता॑त् ॥
tryàmbakaṃ yajāmahe sugándhiṃ puṣṭivárdhanam.
urvārukám iva bándhanān mṛtyór mukṣīya mā́mṛ́tāt.
trans=We worship Tryambaka, the sweet augmenter of prosperity.

As a [ripe] cucumber is released from its bondage [to the plant], so may I be released from death; not from immortality.}


वैष्णव

→ Assamese: বৈষ্ণব (boisnobo)

→ Bengali: বৈষ্ণব (bōiśnob)

→ English: Vaishnava

⇒ English: Vaishnavism, Vaishnavist

→ Gujarati: વૈષ્ણવ (vaiṣṇav)

→ Hindi: वैष्णव (vaiṣṇav)

→ Kannada: ವೈಷ್ಣವ (vaiṣṇava)

→ Malayalam: വൈഷ്ണവ (vaiṣṇava)

desc

→ Old Bengali: *বৈষ্টৱঁ (*baiṣṭavã) (semi-learned)

Bengali: বোষ্টম (bōśṭom)

→ Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: वैष्णव (vaiṣṇava)

Modi script: 𑘪𑘺𑘬𑘿𑘜𑘪 (vaiṣṇava)

→ Tamil: வைஷ்ணவ (vaiṣṇava)

⇒ Telugu: వైష్ణవము (vaiṣṇavamu)

/ʋɑːjʂ.ɳɐ.ʋɐ́/

/ˈʋɑjʂ.ɳɐ.ʋɐ/

a worshipper of Vishnu, a follower of Vaishnavism


शैव

śaiva (romanization)
शैवः (nominative singular)
शैवौ (dual nominative)
शैवाः (nominative plural)
शैव (singular vocative)
शैवौ (dual vocative)
शैवाः (plural vocative)
शैवम् (accusative singular)
शैवौ (accusative dual)
शैवान् (accusative plural)
शैवेन (instrumental singular)
शैवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शैवैः (instrumental plural)
शैवाय (dative singular)
शैवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शैवेभ्यः (dative plural)
शैवात् (ablative singular)
शैवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शैवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शैवस्य (genitive singular)
शैवयोः (dual genitive)
शैवानाम् (genitive plural)
शैवे (locative singular)
शैवयोः (dual locative)
शैवेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: শৈব (xoibo)

→ Bengali: শৈব (śōib)

→ English: Saiva

⇒ English: Saivite, Shaivist, Shaivism

→ Gujarati: શૈવ (śaiv)

→ Hindi: शैव (śaiv)

→ Kannada: ಶೈವ (śaiva)

→ Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: शैव (śaiva)

Modi script: 𑘫𑘺𑘪 (śaiva)

→ Punjabi: ਸ਼ੈਵ (śaiv)

→ Sinhalese: ශෛව (śaiwa)

→ Tamil: சைவ (caiva)

⇒ Telugu: శైవము (śaivamu), Telugu: శైవుడు (śaivuḍu)

a worshipper of Shiva, a follower of Shaivism


कौशलम्

nominative/accusative singular of कौशल (kauśala)


वाताद

vātāda (romanization)
वातादः (nominative singular)
वातादौ (dual nominative)
वातादा1 (dual nominative)
वातादाः (nominative plural)
वातादासः1 (nominative plural)
वाताद (singular vocative)
वातादौ (dual vocative)
वातादा1 (dual vocative)
वातादाः (plural vocative)
वातादासः1 (plural vocative)
वातादम् (accusative singular)
वातादौ (accusative dual)
वातादा1 (accusative dual)
वातादान् (accusative plural)
वातादेन (instrumental singular)
वातादाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वातादैः (instrumental plural)
वातादेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वातादाय (dative singular)
वातादाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वातादेभ्यः (dative plural)
वातादात् (ablative singular)
वातादाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वातादेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वातादस्य (genitive singular)
वातादयोः (dual genitive)
वातादानाम् (genitive plural)
वातादे (locative singular)
वातादयोः (dual locative)
वातादेषु (locative plural)

/ʋɑː.tɑː.dɐ/

/ʋɑːˈt̪ɑː.d̪ɐ/


वाताद

Phono-semantic matching of Classical Persian بادام (bādām).

psm

/ʋɑː.tɑː.dɐ/

/ʋɑːˈt̪ɑː.d̪ɐ/


हेळ

héḷa (romanization)
हेळः (nominative singular)
हेळौ (dual nominative)
हेळा1 (dual nominative)
हेळाः (nominative plural)
हेळासः1 (nominative plural)
हेळ (singular vocative)
हेळौ (dual vocative)
हेळा1 (dual vocative)
हेळाः (plural vocative)
हेळासः1 (plural vocative)
हेळम् (accusative singular)
हेळौ (accusative dual)
हेळा1 (accusative dual)
हेळान् (accusative plural)
हेळेन (instrumental singular)
हेळाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हेळैः (instrumental plural)
हेळेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हेळाय (dative singular)
हेळाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हेळेभ्यः (dative plural)
हेळात् (ablative singular)
हेळाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हेळेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हेळस्य (genitive singular)
हेळयोः (dual genitive)
हेळानाम् (genitive plural)
हेळे (locative singular)
हेळयोः (dual locative)
हेळेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰáyždas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéysd-os, from *ǵʰeysd- (“anger, agitation”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀 (zaēša), Persian زشت (zešt, “ugly, hateful, disgusting”), German Geist, Old English gāst (whence English ghost).


व्यजन

vyajana (romanization)
व्यजनम् (nominative singular)
व्यजने (dual nominative)
व्यजनानि (nominative plural)
व्यजना1 (nominative plural)
व्यजन (singular vocative)
व्यजने (dual vocative)
व्यजनानि (plural vocative)
व्यजना1 (plural vocative)
व्यजनम् (accusative singular)
व्यजने (accusative dual)
व्यजनानि (accusative plural)
व्यजना1 (accusative plural)
व्यजनेन (instrumental singular)
व्यजनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
व्यजनैः (instrumental plural)
व्यजनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
व्यजनाय (dative singular)
व्यजनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
व्यजनेभ्यः (dative plural)
व्यजनात् (ablative singular)
व्यजनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
व्यजनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
व्यजनस्य (genitive singular)
व्यजनयोः (dual genitive)
व्यजनानाम् (genitive plural)
व्यजने (locative singular)
व्यजनयोः (dual locative)
व्यजनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈʋjɐ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/

Of unclear origin, with many theories proposed:
* Hoffman considers the word a compound of वि- (vi-, “apart, away”) + ईज- (īja-), the latter from the root अज् (aj, “to drive, propel”). This appears to be Mayrhofer's preferred derivation.
* Burrow considers the word as borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil வீசு (vīcu, “to throw; to blow (of wind)”), Telugu వీచు (vīcu, “to blow (of wind); to wave (as a fan)”), Kui (India) ୱୀଂଜା (wīñja). In light of the word's lack of Vedic attestation, the possibility of this derivation rises.
* Wright considers the word as jointly derived from the roots विच् (vic, “to sift”) and विज् (vij, “to dart, speed”), with contamination from the Dravidian root above.
* Horn notes a similarity to Persian بادبزن (bâdbezan, “(hand) fan”), though a relation is unlikely.

a palm-leaf or other article used for fanning, fan, whisk


शल्यक्रिया

śalyakriyā (romanization)
शल्यक्रिया (nominative singular)
शल्यक्रिये (dual nominative)
शल्यक्रियाः (nominative plural)
शल्यक्रिये (singular vocative)
शल्यक्रिये (dual vocative)
शल्यक्रियाः (plural vocative)
शल्यक्रियाम् (accusative singular)
शल्यक्रिये (accusative dual)
शल्यक्रियाः (accusative plural)
शल्यक्रियया (instrumental singular)
शल्यक्रिया1 (instrumental singular)
शल्यक्रियाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शल्यक्रियाभिः (instrumental plural)
शल्यक्रियायै (dative singular)
शल्यक्रियाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शल्यक्रियाभ्यः (dative plural)
शल्यक्रियायाः (ablative singular)
शल्यक्रियायै2 (ablative singular)
शल्यक्रियाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शल्यक्रियाभ्यः (ablative plural)
शल्यक्रियायाः (genitive singular)
शल्यक्रियायै2 (genitive singular)
शल्यक्रिययोः (dual genitive)
शल्यक्रियाणाम् (genitive plural)
शल्यक्रियायाम् (locative singular)
शल्यक्रिययोः (dual locative)
शल्यक्रियासु (locative plural)

From शल्य (śalya, “cutting”) + क्रिया (kriyā, “act”).


शल्यकार

śalyakāra (romanization)
शल्यकारः (nominative singular)
शल्यकारौ (dual nominative)
शल्यकारा1 (dual nominative)
शल्यकाराः (nominative plural)
शल्यकारासः1 (nominative plural)
शल्यकार (singular vocative)
शल्यकारौ (dual vocative)
शल्यकारा1 (dual vocative)
शल्यकाराः (plural vocative)
शल्यकारासः1 (plural vocative)
शल्यकारम् (accusative singular)
शल्यकारौ (accusative dual)
शल्यकारा1 (accusative dual)
शल्यकारान् (accusative plural)
शल्यकारेण (instrumental singular)
शल्यकाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शल्यकारैः (instrumental plural)
शल्यकारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शल्यकाराय (dative singular)
शल्यकाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
शल्यकारेभ्यः (dative plural)
शल्यकारात् (ablative singular)
शल्यकाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शल्यकारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शल्यकारस्य (genitive singular)
शल्यकारयोः (dual genitive)
शल्यकाराणाम् (genitive plural)
शल्यकारे (locative singular)
शल्यकारयोः (dual locative)
शल्यकारेषु (locative plural)

/ɕɐl̪.jɐˈkɑː.ɾɐ/

From शल्य (śalya, “surgery, cutting”) + -कार (-kāra, “doer”).


आसन्द

āsanda (romanization)
आसन्दः (nominative singular)
आसन्दौ (dual nominative)
आसन्दा1 (dual nominative)
आसन्दाः (nominative plural)
आसन्दासः1 (nominative plural)
आसन्द (singular vocative)
आसन्दौ (dual vocative)
आसन्दा1 (dual vocative)
आसन्दाः (plural vocative)
आसन्दासः1 (plural vocative)
आसन्दम् (accusative singular)
आसन्दौ (accusative dual)
आसन्दा1 (accusative dual)
आसन्दान् (accusative plural)
आसन्देन (instrumental singular)
आसन्दाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आसन्दैः (instrumental plural)
आसन्देभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आसन्दाय (dative singular)
आसन्दाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आसन्देभ्यः (dative plural)
आसन्दात् (ablative singular)
आसन्दाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आसन्देभ्यः (ablative plural)
आसन्दस्य (genitive singular)
आसन्दयोः (dual genitive)
आसन्दानाम् (genitive plural)
आसन्दे (locative singular)
आसन्दयोः (dual locative)
आसन्देषु (locative plural)

/ɑːˈs̪ɐn̪.d̪ɐ/


गोलदीप

goladīpa (romanization)
गोलदीपः (nominative singular)
गोलदीपौ (dual nominative)
गोलदीपा1 (dual nominative)
गोलदीपाः (nominative plural)
गोलदीपासः1 (nominative plural)
गोलदीप (singular vocative)
गोलदीपौ (dual vocative)
गोलदीपा1 (dual vocative)
गोलदीपाः (plural vocative)
गोलदीपासः1 (plural vocative)
गोलदीपम् (accusative singular)
गोलदीपौ (accusative dual)
गोलदीपा1 (accusative dual)
गोलदीपान् (accusative plural)
गोलदीपेन (instrumental singular)
गोलदीपाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोलदीपैः (instrumental plural)
गोलदीपेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गोलदीपाय (dative singular)
गोलदीपाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोलदीपेभ्यः (dative plural)
गोलदीपात् (ablative singular)
गोलदीपाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोलदीपेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोलदीपस्य (genitive singular)
गोलदीपयोः (dual genitive)
गोलदीपानाम् (genitive plural)
गोलदीपे (locative singular)
गोलदीपयोः (dual locative)
गोलदीपेषु (locative plural)

From गोल (gola, “round”) + दीप (dīpa, “lamp, light source”).


दण्डदीप

daṇḍadīpa (romanization)
दण्डदीपः (nominative singular)
दण्डदीपौ (dual nominative)
दण्डदीपा1 (dual nominative)
दण्डदीपाः (nominative plural)
दण्डदीपासः1 (nominative plural)
दण्डदीप (singular vocative)
दण्डदीपौ (dual vocative)
दण्डदीपा1 (dual vocative)
दण्डदीपाः (plural vocative)
दण्डदीपासः1 (plural vocative)
दण्डदीपम् (accusative singular)
दण्डदीपौ (accusative dual)
दण्डदीपा1 (accusative dual)
दण्डदीपान् (accusative plural)
दण्डदीपेन (instrumental singular)
दण्डदीपाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दण्डदीपैः (instrumental plural)
दण्डदीपेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दण्डदीपाय (dative singular)
दण्डदीपाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दण्डदीपेभ्यः (dative plural)
दण्डदीपात् (ablative singular)
दण्डदीपाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दण्डदीपेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दण्डदीपस्य (genitive singular)
दण्डदीपयोः (dual genitive)
दण्डदीपानाम् (genitive plural)
दण्डदीपे (locative singular)
दण्डदीपयोः (dual locative)
दण्डदीपेषु (locative plural)

/d̪ɐɳ.ɖɐˈd̪iː.pɐ/

From दण्ड (daṇḍa, “stick, rod”) + दीप (dīpa, “light source”).


करदीप

karadīpa (romanization)
करदीपः (nominative singular)
करदीपौ (dual nominative)
करदीपा1 (dual nominative)
करदीपाः (nominative plural)
करदीपासः1 (nominative plural)
करदीप (singular vocative)
करदीपौ (dual vocative)
करदीपा1 (dual vocative)
करदीपाः (plural vocative)
करदीपासः1 (plural vocative)
करदीपम् (accusative singular)
करदीपौ (accusative dual)
करदीपा1 (accusative dual)
करदीपान् (accusative plural)
करदीपेन (instrumental singular)
करदीपाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
करदीपैः (instrumental plural)
करदीपेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
करदीपाय (dative singular)
करदीपाभ्याम् (dative dual)
करदीपेभ्यः (dative plural)
करदीपात् (ablative singular)
करदीपाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
करदीपेभ्यः (ablative plural)
करदीपस्य (genitive singular)
करदीपयोः (dual genitive)
करदीपानाम् (genitive plural)
करदीपे (locative singular)
करदीपयोः (dual locative)
करदीपेषु (locative plural)

From कर (kara, “hand”) + दीप (dīpa, “light source”).


शाक

śāka (romanization)
शाकः (nominative singular)
शाकौ (dual nominative)
शाका1 (dual nominative)
शाकाः (nominative plural)
शाकासः1 (nominative plural)
शाक (singular vocative)
शाकौ (dual vocative)
शाका1 (dual vocative)
शाकाः (plural vocative)
शाकासः1 (plural vocative)
शाकम् (accusative singular)
शाकौ (accusative dual)
शाका1 (accusative dual)
शाकान् (accusative plural)
शाकेन (instrumental singular)
शाकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शाकैः (instrumental plural)
शाकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शाकाय (dative singular)
शाकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शाकेभ्यः (dative plural)
शाकात् (ablative singular)
शाकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शाकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शाकस्य (genitive singular)
शाकयोः (dual genitive)
शाकानाम् (genitive plural)
शाके (locative singular)
शाकयोः (dual locative)
शाकेषु (locative plural)
शाकम् (nominative singular)
शाके (dual nominative)
शाकानि (nominative plural)
शाका1 (nominative plural)
शाक (singular vocative)
शाके (dual vocative)
शाकानि (plural vocative)
शाका1 (plural vocative)
शाकम् (accusative singular)
शाके (accusative dual)
शाकानि (accusative plural)
शाका1 (accusative plural)
शाकेन (instrumental singular)
शाकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शाकैः (instrumental plural)
शाकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शाकाय (dative singular)
शाकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शाकेभ्यः (dative plural)
शाकात् (ablative singular)
शाकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शाकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शाकस्य (genitive singular)
शाकयोः (dual genitive)
शाकानाम् (genitive plural)
शाके (locative singular)
शाकयोः (dual locative)
शाकेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: শাক (xak)

Bengali: শাক (śak)

Hindi: साग (sāg)

Nepali: साग (sāg)

Odia: ଶାକ (śāka)

Pali: sāka

Pashto: ساګ (sāg)

Punjabi: ਸਾਗ (sāg)

Sindhi: ساڳُہ

→ Tamil: சாகம் (cākam)

→ Telugu: శాకము (śākamu)

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *ḱēko- / *ḱeHko-; compare Lithuanian šėkas (“freshly cut green fodder”), Latvian sệks (“freshly mown fodder grass”), Old Norse há (“aftergrass”), Hittite [script needed] (kikla-, “herb”).


शाक

śāka (romanization)
शाकः (nominative singular)
शाकौ (dual nominative)
शाका1 (dual nominative)
शाकाः (nominative plural)
शाकासः1 (nominative plural)
शाक (singular vocative)
शाकौ (dual vocative)
शाका1 (dual vocative)
शाकाः (plural vocative)
शाकासः1 (plural vocative)
शाकम् (accusative singular)
शाकौ (accusative dual)
शाका1 (accusative dual)
शाकान् (accusative plural)
शाकेन (instrumental singular)
शाकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शाकैः (instrumental plural)
शाकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शाकाय (dative singular)
शाकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शाकेभ्यः (dative plural)
शाकात् (ablative singular)
शाकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शाकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शाकस्य (genitive singular)
शाकयोः (dual genitive)
शाकानाम् (genitive plural)
शाके (locative singular)
शाकयोः (dual locative)
शाकेषु (locative plural)

Probably borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil தேக்கு (tēkku), Malayalam തേക്ക് (tēkkŭ), and Telugu టేకు (ṭēku).

Tectona grandis
Tectona grandis#Translingual


अङ्कनी

aṅkanī (romanization)
अङ्कनी (nominative singular)
अङ्कन्यौ (dual nominative)
अङ्कनी1 (dual nominative)
अङ्कन्यः (nominative plural)
अङ्कनीः1 (nominative plural)
अङ्कनि (singular vocative)
अङ्कन्यौ (dual vocative)
अङ्कनी1 (dual vocative)
अङ्कन्यः (plural vocative)
अङ्कनीः1 (plural vocative)
अङ्कनीम् (accusative singular)
अङ्कन्यौ (accusative dual)
अङ्कनी1 (accusative dual)
अङ्कनीः (accusative plural)
अङ्कन्या (instrumental singular)
अङ्कनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अङ्कनीभिः (instrumental plural)
अङ्कन्यै (dative singular)
अङ्कनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
अङ्कनीभ्यः (dative plural)
अङ्कन्याः (ablative singular)
अङ्कन्यै2 (ablative singular)
अङ्कनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अङ्कनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
अङ्कन्याः (genitive singular)
अङ्कन्यै2 (genitive singular)
अङ्कन्योः (dual genitive)
अङ्कनीनाम् (genitive plural)
अङ्कन्याम् (locative singular)
अङ्कन्योः (dual locative)
अङ्कनीषु (locative plural)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately Proto-Dravidian [Term?].


मसि

masi (romanization)
मसिः (nominative singular)
मसी (dual nominative)
मसयः (nominative plural)
मसे (singular vocative)
मसी (dual vocative)
मसयः (plural vocative)
मसिम् (accusative singular)
मसी (accusative dual)
मसीः (accusative plural)
मस्या (instrumental singular)
मसी1 (instrumental singular)
मसिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मसिभिः (instrumental plural)
मसये (dative singular)
मस्यै2 (dative singular)
मसी1 (dative singular)
मसिभ्याम् (dative dual)
मसिभ्यः (dative plural)
मसेः (ablative singular)
मस्याः2 (ablative singular)
मस्यै3 (ablative singular)
मसिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मसिभ्यः (ablative plural)
मसेः (genitive singular)
मस्याः2 (genitive singular)
मस्यै3 (genitive singular)
मस्योः (dual genitive)
मसीनाम् (genitive plural)
मसौ (locative singular)
मस्याम्2 (locative singular)
मसा1 (locative singular)
मस्योः (dual locative)
मसिषु (locative plural)

Oldest attestation in the Vedic Sanskrit compound मष्मषाकृ (maṣmaṣā́kṛ-, “to crush”, literally “to do 'mash-mash'”). It is an onomatopoeic word with parallels in many languages, eg English smash, German Matsch (“muck”), Finnish mäiskis (“splash”), Arabic مص (maṣṣa, “sip”).


मसी

masī (romanization)
मसी (nominative singular)
मस्यौ (dual nominative)
मसी1 (dual nominative)
मस्यः (nominative plural)
मसीः1 (nominative plural)
मसि (singular vocative)
मस्यौ (dual vocative)
मसी1 (dual vocative)
मस्यः (plural vocative)
मसीः1 (plural vocative)
मसीम् (accusative singular)
मस्यौ (accusative dual)
मसी1 (accusative dual)
मसीः (accusative plural)
मस्या (instrumental singular)
मसीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मसीभिः (instrumental plural)
मस्यै (dative singular)
मसीभ्याम् (dative dual)
मसीभ्यः (dative plural)
मस्याः (ablative singular)
मस्यै2 (ablative singular)
मसीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मसीभ्यः (ablative plural)
मस्याः (genitive singular)
मस्यै2 (genitive singular)
मस्योः (dual genitive)
मसीनाम् (genitive plural)
मस्याम् (locative singular)
मस्योः (dual locative)
मसीषु (locative plural)


मषी

maṣī (romanization)
मषी (nominative singular)
मष्यौ (dual nominative)
मषी1 (dual nominative)
मष्यः (nominative plural)
मषीः1 (nominative plural)
मषि (singular vocative)
मष्यौ (dual vocative)
मषी1 (dual vocative)
मष्यः (plural vocative)
मषीः1 (plural vocative)
मषीम् (accusative singular)
मष्यौ (accusative dual)
मषी1 (accusative dual)
मषीः (accusative plural)
मष्या (instrumental singular)
मषीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मषीभिः (instrumental plural)
मष्यै (dative singular)
मषीभ्याम् (dative dual)
मषीभ्यः (dative plural)
मष्याः (ablative singular)
मष्यै2 (ablative singular)
मषीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मषीभ्यः (ablative plural)
मष्याः (genitive singular)
मष्यै2 (genitive singular)
मष्योः (dual genitive)
मषीणाम् (genitive plural)
मष्याम् (locative singular)
मष्योः (dual locative)
मषीषु (locative plural)


मसिपात्र

masipātra (romanization)
मसिपात्रम् (nominative singular)
मसिपात्रे (dual nominative)
मसिपात्राणि (nominative plural)
मसिपात्रा1 (nominative plural)
मसिपात्र (singular vocative)
मसिपात्रे (dual vocative)
मसिपात्राणि (plural vocative)
मसिपात्रा1 (plural vocative)
मसिपात्रम् (accusative singular)
मसिपात्रे (accusative dual)
मसिपात्राणि (accusative plural)
मसिपात्रा1 (accusative plural)
मसिपात्रेण (instrumental singular)
मसिपात्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मसिपात्रैः (instrumental plural)
मसिपात्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मसिपात्राय (dative singular)
मसिपात्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मसिपात्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
मसिपात्रात् (ablative singular)
मसिपात्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मसिपात्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मसिपात्रस्य (genitive singular)
मसिपात्रयोः (dual genitive)
मसिपात्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मसिपात्रे (locative singular)
मसिपात्रयोः (dual locative)
मसिपात्रेषु (locative plural)

From मसि (masi, “ink”) + पात्र (pātra, “container”).


मसीपात्र

masīpātra (romanization)
मसीपात्रम् (nominative singular)
मसीपात्रे (dual nominative)
मसीपात्राणि (nominative plural)
मसीपात्रा1 (nominative plural)
मसीपात्र (singular vocative)
मसीपात्रे (dual vocative)
मसीपात्राणि (plural vocative)
मसीपात्रा1 (plural vocative)
मसीपात्रम् (accusative singular)
मसीपात्रे (accusative dual)
मसीपात्राणि (accusative plural)
मसीपात्रा1 (accusative plural)
मसीपात्रेण (instrumental singular)
मसीपात्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मसीपात्रैः (instrumental plural)
मसीपात्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मसीपात्राय (dative singular)
मसीपात्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मसीपात्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
मसीपात्रात् (ablative singular)
मसीपात्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मसीपात्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मसीपात्रस्य (genitive singular)
मसीपात्रयोः (dual genitive)
मसीपात्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मसीपात्रे (locative singular)
मसीपात्रयोः (dual locative)
मसीपात्रेषु (locative plural)

/mɐ.s̪iːˈpɑːt̪.ɾɐ/

From मसी (masī, “ink”) + पात्र (pātra, “container”).


मषिपात्र

maṣipātra (romanization)
मषिपात्रम् (nominative singular)
मषिपात्रे (dual nominative)
मषिपात्राणि (nominative plural)
मषिपात्रा1 (nominative plural)
मषिपात्र (singular vocative)
मषिपात्रे (dual vocative)
मषिपात्राणि (plural vocative)
मषिपात्रा1 (plural vocative)
मषिपात्रम् (accusative singular)
मषिपात्रे (accusative dual)
मषिपात्राणि (accusative plural)
मषिपात्रा1 (accusative plural)
मषिपात्रेण (instrumental singular)
मषिपात्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मषिपात्रैः (instrumental plural)
मषिपात्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मषिपात्राय (dative singular)
मषिपात्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मषिपात्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
मषिपात्रात् (ablative singular)
मषिपात्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मषिपात्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मषिपात्रस्य (genitive singular)
मषिपात्रयोः (dual genitive)
मषिपात्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मषिपात्रे (locative singular)
मषिपात्रयोः (dual locative)
मषिपात्रेषु (locative plural)

/mɐ.ʂiˈpɑːt̪.ɾɐ/

From मषि (maṣi, “ink”) + पात्र (pātra, “container”).


मषीपात्र

maṣīpātra (romanization)
मषीपात्रम् (nominative singular)
मषीपात्रे (dual nominative)
मषीपात्राणि (nominative plural)
मषीपात्रा1 (nominative plural)
मषीपात्र (singular vocative)
मषीपात्रे (dual vocative)
मषीपात्राणि (plural vocative)
मषीपात्रा1 (plural vocative)
मषीपात्रम् (accusative singular)
मषीपात्रे (accusative dual)
मषीपात्राणि (accusative plural)
मषीपात्रा1 (accusative plural)
मषीपात्रेण (instrumental singular)
मषीपात्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मषीपात्रैः (instrumental plural)
मषीपात्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मषीपात्राय (dative singular)
मषीपात्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मषीपात्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
मषीपात्रात् (ablative singular)
मषीपात्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मषीपात्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मषीपात्रस्य (genitive singular)
मषीपात्रयोः (dual genitive)
मषीपात्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मषीपात्रे (locative singular)
मषीपात्रयोः (dual locative)
मषीपात्रेषु (locative plural)

/mɐ.ʂiːˈpɑːt̪.ɾɐ/

From मषी (maṣī, “ink”) + पात्र (pātra, “container”).


वचा

Bengali: বচ (boc)

Deccani: وچ (vač)

Gujarati: વજ (vaj)

Hindustani:

Hindi: बच (bac)

Urdu: بچ (bač)

Nepali: बोझो (bojho)

→ Kannada: ಬಜೆ (baje)

→ Malayalam: വയമ്പ് (vayamp)

→ Middle Persian: *vač

desctree

Persian: وج (vaj)
→ Arabic: وَجّ (wajj)
→ Middle Armenian: վաճ (vač)

→ Classical Syriac: ܘܲܨ (waṣ)

→ Tamil: வசம்பு (vacampu)

→ Telugu: వస (vasa)

Acorus calamus
Acorus calamus#Translingual


नापित

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀤 (ṇāvida)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀅 (ṇhāvia)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: न्हावी (nhāvī)

Modi script: 𑘡𑘿𑘮𑘰𑘪𑘲 (nhāvī)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਨਾਈ (nāī)

Shahmukhi script: نائی (nā'ī)

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi:

Arabic script: نائيِ

Devanagari script: नाई

Pali: nahāpita

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀤 (ṇāvida)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: નાવી (nāvī)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Old Hindi:

Hindustani:

Hindi: नाई (nāī)

Urdu: نَائی (nāī)

→ Assamese: নাপিত (napit)

→ Bengali: নাপিত (napito)

→ Gujarati: નાપિત (nāpit)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: नापित (nāpit)

Urdu: نَاپِت (nāpit)

→ Kamta: নাপিত (napit)

→ Kannada: ನಾಪಿತ (nāpita)

desc

→ Malayalam: നാപിതൻ (nāpitaṉ), നാവിതൻ (nāvitaṉ)

→ Tamil: நாவிதன் (nāvitaṉ)

→ Tulu: ನಾಪಿಕೆ (nāpike)


तिन्दिश

टिण्डिश टिण्डिश#Sanskrit

Alternative spelling of टिण्डिश (ṭiṇḍiśa)


जवा

javā (romanization)
जवा (nominative singular)
जवे (dual nominative)
जवाः (nominative plural)
जवे (singular vocative)
जवे (dual vocative)
जवाः (plural vocative)
जवाम् (accusative singular)
जवे (accusative dual)
जवाः (accusative plural)
जवया (instrumental singular)
जवा1 (instrumental singular)
जवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जवाभिः (instrumental plural)
जवायै (dative singular)
जवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जवाभ्यः (dative plural)
जवायाः (ablative singular)
जवायै2 (ablative singular)
जवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जवाभ्यः (ablative plural)
जवायाः (genitive singular)
जवायै2 (genitive singular)
जवयोः (dual genitive)
जवानाम् (genitive plural)
जवायाम् (locative singular)
जवयोः (dual locative)
जवासु (locative plural)

Bengali: জবা (joba, “hibiscus”)

→ Hindi: जवा (javā)

Cognate with Transoxianan Persian obsolete ژافه (žâfa, “a kind of herb, saffron?”), dialectal زافه (zâfe, “a kind of Persian shallot”) and زعفران (za'ferân, “saffron”).


आवर्त

āvarta (romanization)
आवर्तः (nominative singular)
आवर्तौ (dual nominative)
आवर्ता1 (dual nominative)
आवर्ताः (nominative plural)
आवर्तासः1 (nominative plural)
आवर्त (singular vocative)
आवर्तौ (dual vocative)
आवर्ता1 (dual vocative)
आवर्ताः (plural vocative)
आवर्तासः1 (plural vocative)
आवर्तम् (accusative singular)
आवर्तौ (accusative dual)
आवर्ता1 (accusative dual)
आवर्तान् (accusative plural)
आवर्तेन (instrumental singular)
आवर्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आवर्तैः (instrumental plural)
आवर्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आवर्ताय (dative singular)
आवर्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
आवर्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
आवर्तात् (ablative singular)
आवर्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आवर्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आवर्तस्य (genitive singular)
आवर्तयोः (dual genitive)
आवर्तानाम् (genitive plural)
आवर्ते (locative singular)
आवर्तयोः (dual locative)
आवर्तेषु (locative plural)

Pali: āvaṭṭa

Prakrit: 𑀆𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀢 (āvatta), 𑀆𑀯𑀝𑁆𑀝 (āvaṭṭa)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: આઁટો (ām̐ṭo)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: আউটি (auti)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އަވަށް (avaṣ̊)

Sinhalese: අවට (awaṭa)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: आटा (āṭā)

→ Hindustani: āvart

Hindi: आवर्त

Urdu: آوَرت (āvart)

/ɑː.ʋɐɾ.tɐ́/

/ɑːˈʋɐɾ.t̪ɐ/

a crowded place where many men live together


धन्वन्

dhánvan (romanization)
धन्व (nominative singular)
धन्वनी (dual nominative)
धन्वानि (nominative plural)
धन्व1 (nominative plural)
धन्वा1 (nominative plural)
धन्वन् (singular vocative)
धन्व (singular vocative)
धन्वनी (dual vocative)
धन्वानि (plural vocative)
धन्व1 (plural vocative)
धन्वा1 (plural vocative)
धन्व (accusative singular)
धन्वनी (accusative dual)
धन्वानि (accusative plural)
धन्व1 (accusative plural)
धन्वा1 (accusative plural)
धन्वना (instrumental singular)
धन्वभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धन्वभिः (instrumental plural)
धन्वने (dative singular)
धन्वभ्याम् (dative dual)
धन्वभ्यः (dative plural)
धन्वनः (ablative singular)
धन्वभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धन्वभ्यः (ablative plural)
धन्वनः (genitive singular)
धन्वनोः (dual genitive)
धन्वनाम् (genitive plural)
धन्वनि (locative singular)
धन्वन्1 (locative singular)
धन्वनोः (dual locative)
धन्वसु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀥𑀫𑁆𑀫 (dhamma, “bow”)

[dʱɐ́ʋ̃.ʋɐn]

/ˈd̪ʱɐn̪.ʋɐn̪/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰánwr̥ ~ *dʰánwan- (“bow”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰénwr̥ ~ *dʰn̥-wén-s (“bow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬚𐬀𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬥 (θanuuan), 𐬚𐬀𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (θanuuar^ə), Old Persian 𐎰𐎵𐎢𐎺𐎴𐎡𐎹 (θ-nu-u-v-n-i-y /θanuvaniya/, “archer”). Compare धनुस् (dhanus).

cog

इषु॒र्न धन्व॒न्प्रति॑ धीयते म॒तिर्व॒त्सो न मा॒तुरुप॑ स॒र्ज्यूध॑नि।
उ॒रुधा॑रेव दुहे॒ अग्र॑ आय॒त्यस्य॑ व्र॒तेष्वपि॒ सोम॑ इष्यते॥
íṣurná dhánvanpráti dhīyate matírvatsó ná mātúrúpa sarjyū́dhani.

Laid like an arrow on the bow, the hymn hath been let loose forth like a young calf to the udder of its mother.
As one who cometh first with full stream she is milked the Soma is impelled to this man's holy rites.

urúdhāreva duhe ágra āyatyásya vratéṣvápi sóma iṣyate.


आगार

āgāra (romanization)
आगारम् (nominative singular)
आगारे (dual nominative)
आगाराणि (nominative plural)
आगारा1 (nominative plural)
आगार (singular vocative)
आगारे (dual vocative)
आगाराणि (plural vocative)
आगारा1 (plural vocative)
आगारम् (accusative singular)
आगारे (accusative dual)
आगाराणि (accusative plural)
आगारा1 (accusative plural)
आगारेण (instrumental singular)
आगाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आगारैः (instrumental plural)
आगारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आगाराय (dative singular)
आगाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
आगारेभ्यः (dative plural)
आगारात् (ablative singular)
आगाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आगारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आगारस्य (genitive singular)
आगारयोः (dual genitive)
आगाराणाम् (genitive plural)
आगारे (locative singular)
आगारयोः (dual locative)
आगारेषु (locative plural)

Of uncertain origin. आगार (āgāra) was probably the original form, while अगार (agāra) was secondary. Has been taken to be from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (“to gather”); compare ग्राम (grāma, “village”), Ancient Greek ᾰ̓γορᾱ́ (ăgorā́, “assembly, market”)).