रङ्ग

raṅga (romanization)
रङ्गः (nominative singular)
रङ्गौ (dual nominative)
रङ्गा1 (dual nominative)
रङ्गाः (nominative plural)
रङ्गासः1 (nominative plural)
रङ्ग (singular vocative)
रङ्गौ (dual vocative)
रङ्गा1 (dual vocative)
रङ्गाः (plural vocative)
रङ्गासः1 (plural vocative)
रङ्गम् (accusative singular)
रङ्गौ (accusative dual)
रङ्गा1 (accusative dual)
रङ्गान् (accusative plural)
रङ्गेण (instrumental singular)
रङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
रङ्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रङ्गाय (dative singular)
रङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
रङ्गात् (ablative singular)
रङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
रङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
रङ्गाणाम् (genitive plural)
रङ्गे (locative singular)
रङ्गयोः (dual locative)
रङ्गेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: ৰাং (raṅ), Assamese: ৰঙা (roṅa)

→ Assamese: ৰঙ্গ (roṅgo)

desc

Bengali: রং (roṅ), রঙ (roṅ), রাঙা (raṅa)

→ Early Assamese: ৰঙ্গ (roṅgo)

→ Assamese: ৰং (roṅ)

Bhojpuri: रंग (raṅg)

Marwari: रंग (raṅg)

Rohingya: rong

Hindi: रंग (raṅg)

Old Gujarati: रंग (raṃga)

Gujarati: રંગ (raṅg)

Magahi: 𑂩𑂑𑂹𑂏 (raṅg)

Marathi: रंग (raṅga)

Odia: ରଙ୍ଗ (raṅga)

Pali: ranga

Punjabi: ਰੰਗ (raṅg)

→ Tamil: ரங்கு (raṅku), ரங்கம் (raṅkam), அரங்கு (araṅku), அரங்கம் (araṅkam)

→ Telugu: రంగు (raṅgu)

Sylheti: ꠞꠣꠋꠉꠣ (raṅga)

Bishnupriya Manipuri: রাঙা (raṅa)

Chakma: 𑄒𑄊 (ragha), 𑄢𑄋 (raṅa)

Derived from the root रञ्ज् (rañj), which is from Proto-Indo-European *reg- (“to dye”). Cognate with Persian رنگ (rang).

a place for public amusement or for dramatic exhibition, theatre, playhouse, stage, arena, any place of assembly


पोत

pota (romanization)
पोतः (nominative singular)
पोतौ (dual nominative)
पोता1 (dual nominative)
पोताः (nominative plural)
पोतासः1 (nominative plural)
पोत (singular vocative)
पोतौ (dual vocative)
पोता1 (dual vocative)
पोताः (plural vocative)
पोतासः1 (plural vocative)
पोतम् (accusative singular)
पोतौ (accusative dual)
पोता1 (accusative dual)
पोतान् (accusative plural)
पोतेन (instrumental singular)
पोताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पोतैः (instrumental plural)
पोतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पोताय (dative singular)
पोताभ्याम् (dative dual)
पोतेभ्यः (dative plural)
पोतात् (ablative singular)
पोताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पोतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पोतस्य (genitive singular)
पोतयोः (dual genitive)
पोतानाम् (genitive plural)
पोते (locative singular)
पोतयोः (dual locative)
पोतेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀧𑁄𑀅 (poa)

Assamese: পো (pü)

Middle Bengali: পোয়া (poa)

Bengali: পো (pō), পোয়া (pōẇa), পুয়া (puẏa), ফুয়া (phuẏa)

Bhojpuri: पोइ (pōi)

Hindi: पोआ (poā)

⇒ Magadhi Prakrit: *𑀧𑁄𑀅𑀦𑁆𑀦 (*poanna) (extension)

Assamese: পোনা (püna)

Bengali: পোনা (pōna)

Maithili: पोआ (pōā)

Odia: ପୋ (po), ପୋଅ (poa), ପୁଅ (pua), ପୁଆ (puā), ପୋଇ (poi)

Punjabi: ਪੋਆ (poā)

Rohingya: fua

Sylheti: ꠙꠥꠀ (fua)

Urdu: پوت (pot)

Pali: pota

Borrowed from Dravidian; ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *pōntt-.

the young of any animal; a cub, colt, etc.


पोत

Marathi: पोते (pote)

desctree

→ Classical Persian: فوطه (fūta), فوته (fute)
→ Arabic: فُوطَة (fūṭa) (likely)
Egyptian Arabic: فوطة (fūṭa)
Moroccan Arabic: فوطة (fūṭa)
South Levantine Arabic: فوطة (fūṭa)
→ English: fouta
→ French: fouta, foutah
→ Portuguese: fota
→ Old Anatolian Turkish: فوطه (fuṭa)
Classical Azerbaijani: futə
Azerbaijani: fitə
Ottoman Turkish: فوطه (futa, fota)
Turkish: futa, fıta, fota, foda
→ Albanian: futë
→ Aromanian: futã, fotã
→ Bulgarian: фу́та (fúta), фота (fota)
→ Georgian: ფუტა (puṭa), ფოტა (poṭa), ფუთა (puta)
→ Greek: φουτάς (foutás)
→ Hungarian: futa, fúta, fota
→ Laz: ჶოტა (foťa)
→ Macedonian: фута (futa)
→ Mingrelian: ფოტა (poṭa), ფოტი (poṭi), ⇒ ფოტინე (poṭine)
→ Old East Slavic: фота (fota), фата (fata)
Russian: фата́ (fatá)
Ukrainian: фо́та (fóta)
→ Polish: fota
→ Pontic Greek: φοτά (fotá)
→ Romanian: fotă
→ Serbo-Croatian: fȕta / фу̏та


रोचक

/ˈɾoː.t͡ɕɐ.kɐ/

a worker in glass or artificial ornaments


नास्तिक

nāstika (romanization)
नास्तिकः (nominative singular)
नास्तिकौ (dual nominative)
नास्तिका1 (dual nominative)
नास्तिकाः (nominative plural)
नास्तिकासः1 (nominative plural)
नास्तिक (singular vocative)
नास्तिकौ (dual vocative)
नास्तिका1 (dual vocative)
नास्तिकाः (plural vocative)
नास्तिकासः1 (plural vocative)
नास्तिकम् (accusative singular)
नास्तिकौ (accusative dual)
नास्तिका1 (accusative dual)
नास्तिकान् (accusative plural)
नास्तिकेन (instrumental singular)
नास्तिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नास्तिकैः (instrumental plural)
नास्तिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नास्तिकाय (dative singular)
नास्तिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नास्तिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
नास्तिकात् (ablative singular)
नास्तिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नास्तिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नास्तिकस्य (genitive singular)
नास्तिकयोः (dual genitive)
नास्तिकानाम् (genitive plural)
नास्तिके (locative singular)
नास्तिकयोः (dual locative)
नास्तिकेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: नास्तिक (nāstik)

→ Marathi: नास्तिक (nāstik)

desc

→ Punjabi: ਨਾਸਤਿਕ (nāstik), ਨਾਸਤਕ (nāstak)

→ Telugu: నాస్తికుడు (nāstikuḍu)

→ Tamil: நாத்திகம் (nāttikam)


केवल

kévala (romanization)
केवलः (nominative singular)
केवलौ (dual nominative)
केवला1 (dual nominative)
केवलाः (nominative plural)
केवलासः1 (nominative plural)
केवल (singular vocative)
केवलौ (dual vocative)
केवला1 (dual vocative)
केवलाः (plural vocative)
केवलासः1 (plural vocative)
केवलम् (accusative singular)
केवलौ (accusative dual)
केवला1 (accusative dual)
केवलान् (accusative plural)
केवलेन (instrumental singular)
केवलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
केवलैः (instrumental plural)
केवलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
केवलाय (dative singular)
केवलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
केवलेभ्यः (dative plural)
केवलात् (ablative singular)
केवलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
केवलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
केवलस्य (genitive singular)
केवलयोः (dual genitive)
केवलानाम् (genitive plural)
केवले (locative singular)
केवलयोः (dual locative)
केवलेषु (locative plural)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *káywalas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káywalas, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kéywelos (“alone”); compare Latin *cael, caelebs (“single, unmarried”).


केवल

kévala (romanization)
केवलम् (nominative singular)
केवले (dual nominative)
केवलानि (nominative plural)
केवला1 (nominative plural)
केवल (singular vocative)
केवले (dual vocative)
केवलानि (plural vocative)
केवला1 (plural vocative)
केवलम् (accusative singular)
केवले (accusative dual)
केवलानि (accusative plural)
केवला1 (accusative plural)
केवलेन (instrumental singular)
केवलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
केवलैः (instrumental plural)
केवलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
केवलाय (dative singular)
केवलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
केवलेभ्यः (dative plural)
केवलात् (ablative singular)
केवलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
केवलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
केवलस्य (genitive singular)
केवलयोः (dual genitive)
केवलानाम् (genitive plural)
केवले (locative singular)
केवलयोः (dual locative)
केवलेषु (locative plural)

Pali: kevala (“alone, complete”), kevalaṃ (“only”)

Prakrit: 𑀓𑁂𑀯𑀮 (kevala, “alone, complete”), 𑀓𑁂𑀯𑀮𑀁 (kevalaṃ, “only”)

Old Gujarati: केवलउं (kevalauṃ)

→ Assamese: কেৱল (kewol) (learned)

→ Bengali: কেবল (kebol) (learned)

→ Gujarati: કેવળ (kevaḷ) (learned)

→ Hindi: केवल (keval) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಕೇವಲ (kēvala) (learned)

→ Malayalam: കേവലം (kēvalaṁ) (learned)

→ Marathi: केवळ (kevaḷ) (learned)

→ Nepali: केवल (kewal) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਕੇਵਲ (keval) (learned)

→ Telugu: కేవలము (kēvalamu) (learned)

the doctrine of the absolute unity of spirit


गर्जन

garjana (romanization)
गृज् (root)
गर्जनम् (nominative singular)
गर्जने (dual nominative)
गर्जनानि (nominative plural)
गर्जन (singular vocative)
गर्जने (dual vocative)
गर्जनानि (plural vocative)
गर्जनम् (accusative singular)
गर्जने (accusative dual)
गर्जनानि (accusative plural)
गर्जनेन (instrumental singular)
गर्जनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गर्जनैः (instrumental plural)
गर्जनाय (dative singular)
गर्जनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गर्जनेभ्यः (dative plural)
गर्जनात् (ablative singular)
गर्जनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गर्जनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गर्जनस्य (genitive singular)
गर्जनयोः (dual genitive)
गर्जनानाम् (genitive plural)
गर्जने (locative singular)
गर्जनयोः (dual locative)
गर्जनेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">गर्जन</i>

गर्जनाभ्याम्

गर्जनाभ्याम्

गर्जनाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

गर्जनाभ्याम्

गर्जनाभ्याम्

गर्जनाभ्याम्

desc

→ Tamil: கர்ஜ்ஜனை (karjjaṉai), கர்ஜனை (karjaṉai)


स्वर्ग

svargá (romanization)
स्वर्गः (nominative singular)
स्वर्गौ (dual nominative)
स्वर्गा1 (dual nominative)
स्वर्गाः (nominative plural)
स्वर्गासः1 (nominative plural)
स्वर्ग (singular vocative)
स्वर्गौ (dual vocative)
स्वर्गा1 (dual vocative)
स्वर्गाः (plural vocative)
स्वर्गासः1 (plural vocative)
स्वर्गम् (accusative singular)
स्वर्गौ (accusative dual)
स्वर्गा1 (accusative dual)
स्वर्गान् (accusative plural)
स्वर्गेण (instrumental singular)
स्वर्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वर्गैः (instrumental plural)
स्वर्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्वर्गाय (dative singular)
स्वर्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वर्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वर्गात् (ablative singular)
स्वर्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वर्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वर्गस्य (genitive singular)
स्वर्गयोः (dual genitive)
स्वर्गाणाम् (genitive plural)
स्वर्गे (locative singular)
स्वर्गयोः (dual locative)
स्वर्गेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *suHargás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *suHargás, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂ul-gʷḿ̥-s (“going to the sun”). Directly cognate with Ancient Greek ἠλίβατος (ēlíbatos, “high, steep”).

cog

celestial abode of light and of the gods


सहन

sahana (romanization)
सहनम् (nominative singular)
सहने (dual nominative)
सहनानि (nominative plural)
सहना1 (nominative plural)
सहन (singular vocative)
सहने (dual vocative)
सहनानि (plural vocative)
सहना1 (plural vocative)
सहनम् (accusative singular)
सहने (accusative dual)
सहनानि (accusative plural)
सहना1 (accusative plural)
सहनेन (instrumental singular)
सहनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सहनैः (instrumental plural)
सहनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सहनाय (dative singular)
सहनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सहनेभ्यः (dative plural)
सहनात् (ablative singular)
सहनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सहनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सहनस्य (genitive singular)
सहनयोः (dual genitive)
सहनानाम् (genitive plural)
सहने (locative singular)
सहनयोः (dual locative)
सहनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈs̪ɐ.ɦɐ.n̪ɐ/

सह (saha, “powerful, mighty”) + -न (-na).


अङ्गुष्ठ

sa-noun

अङ्गुष्ठ • (aṅgúṣṭha) stem, m

aṅgúṣṭha (romanization)
अङ्गुष्ठः (nominative singular)
अङ्गुष्ठौ (dual nominative)
अङ्गुष्ठा1 (dual nominative)
अङ्गुष्ठाः (nominative plural)
अङ्गुष्ठासः1 (nominative plural)
अङ्गुष्ठ (singular vocative)
अङ्गुष्ठौ (dual vocative)
अङ्गुष्ठा1 (dual vocative)
अङ्गुष्ठाः (plural vocative)
अङ्गुष्ठासः1 (plural vocative)
अङ्गुष्ठम् (accusative singular)
अङ्गुष्ठौ (accusative dual)
अङ्गुष्ठा1 (accusative dual)
अङ्गुष्ठान् (accusative plural)
अङ्गुष्ठेन (instrumental singular)
अङ्गुष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अङ्गुष्ठैः (instrumental plural)
अङ्गुष्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अङ्गुष्ठाय (dative singular)
अङ्गुष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अङ्गुष्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
अङ्गुष्ठात् (ablative singular)
अङ्गुष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अङ्गुष्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अङ्गुष्ठस्य (genitive singular)
अङ्गुष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
अङ्गुष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
अङ्गुष्ठे (locative singular)
अङ्गुष्ठयोः (dual locative)
अङ्गुष्ठेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: نٮ۪ٹھ (nyŏṭh)

Torwali: [script needed] (aṅgū́ṭh)

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: औंठी (auṇṭhī)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞 (aṃguṭṭha)

Marathi: अंगठा (aṅgṭhā)

Konkani: अंगठो (aṅgṭho)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਅੰਗੂਠਾ (aṅgūṭhā /aṅgūṭṭhā/)

Pali: aṅguṭṭha

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Romani: anguśt

Hindustani: aṅgūṭhā

desc

Hindi: अंगूठा

Hindi: अंगूठा

Urdu: انگوٹھا

Urdu: انگوٹھا

Gujarati: અંગૂઠો (aṅgūṭho)

Marwari: अंगूठौ (aṅgūṭhau)

→ Bengali: অঙ্গুষ্ঠ (oṅguśṭho)

→ Telugu: అంగుళము (aṅguḷamu)

/ɐŋ.ɡúʂ.ʈʰɐ/

/ɐŋˈɡuʂ.ʈʰɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hangúštʰas (“thumb, big toe”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng- (“joint”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬧𐬔𐬎𐬱𐬙𐬀 (aṇgušta), Middle Persian ʾngwst' (angust) (whence Persian انگشت (angošt)). Also related to अङ्गुरि (aṅgúri), अङ्गुलि (aṅgúli), अङ्ग (aṅgá).


अङ्गुली

aṅgulī (romanization)
अङ्गुली (nominative singular)
अङ्गुल्यौ (dual nominative)
अङ्गुल्यः (nominative plural)
अङ्गुलि (singular vocative)
अङ्गुल्यौ (dual vocative)
अङ्गुल्यः (plural vocative)
अङ्गुलीम् (accusative singular)
अङ्गुल्यौ (accusative dual)
अङ्गुलीः (accusative plural)
अङ्गुल्या (instrumental singular)
अङ्गुलीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अङ्गुलीभिः (instrumental plural)
अङ्गुल्यै (dative singular)
अङ्गुलीभ्याम् (dative dual)
अङ्गुलीभ्यः (dative plural)
अङ्गुल्याः (ablative singular)
अङ्गुलीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अङ्गुलीभ्यः (ablative plural)
अङ्गुल्याः (genitive singular)
अङ्गुल्योः (dual genitive)
अङ्गुलीनाम् (genitive plural)
अङ्गुल्याम् (locative singular)
अङ्गुल्योः (dual locative)
अङ्गुलीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of अङ्गुली

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्

अङ्गुलीभ्याम्


दुर्ग

durgá (romanization)
दुर्गम् (nominative singular)
दुर्गे (dual nominative)
दुर्गाणि (nominative plural)
दुर्गा1 (nominative plural)
दुर्ग (singular vocative)
दुर्गे (dual vocative)
दुर्गाणि (plural vocative)
दुर्गा1 (plural vocative)
दुर्गम् (accusative singular)
दुर्गे (accusative dual)
दुर्गाणि (accusative plural)
दुर्गा1 (accusative plural)
दुर्गेण (instrumental singular)
दुर्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुर्गैः (instrumental plural)
दुर्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुर्गाय (dative singular)
दुर्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुर्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुर्गात् (ablative singular)
दुर्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुर्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुर्गस्य (genitive singular)
दुर्गयोः (dual genitive)
दुर्गाणाम् (genitive plural)
दुर्गे (locative singular)
दुर्गयोः (dual locative)
दुर्गेषु (locative plural)

→ Malayalam: ദുർഗം (duṟgaṁ) (learned)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀕 (dugga)

Pali: dugga

→ Tamil: துருகம் (turukam)

→ Telugu: దుర్గము (durgamu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dews-?
Proto-Indo-European *dus-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-
Sanskrit दुस्- (dus-)
Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-
Sanskrit गम् (gam)
Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂-
Sanskrit गा (gā)
Sanskrit -ग (-ga)
Sanskrit दुर्ग (durga)
From दुस्- (dus-, “badly, with difficulty”) + -ग (-ga, “going, moving”), literally “difficult to approach”.

af

difficult or narrow passage; a place difficult to access

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


सुरक्षा

→ Hindi: सुरक्षा (surakṣā) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਸੁਰੱਖਿਆ (surakkhiā)

/s̪uˈɾɐk.ʂɑː/


शपथ

śapátha (romanization)
शपथः (nominative singular)
शपथौ (dual nominative)
शपथा1 (dual nominative)
शपथाः (nominative plural)
शपथासः1 (nominative plural)
शपथ (singular vocative)
शपथौ (dual vocative)
शपथा1 (dual vocative)
शपथाः (plural vocative)
शपथासः1 (plural vocative)
शपथम् (accusative singular)
शपथौ (accusative dual)
शपथा1 (accusative dual)
शपथान् (accusative plural)
शपथेन (instrumental singular)
शपथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शपथैः (instrumental plural)
शपथेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शपथाय (dative singular)
शपथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शपथेभ्यः (dative plural)
शपथात् (ablative singular)
शपथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शपथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शपथस्य (genitive singular)
शपथयोः (dual genitive)
शपथानाम् (genitive plural)
शपथे (locative singular)
शपथयोः (dual locative)
शपथेषु (locative plural)

Pali: sapatha

Prakrit:

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀯𑀳 (savaha)

Khasa Prakrit:

Kumaoni: सौँ (saũ)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀯𑀳 (savaha)

Konkani: savo

Devanagari script: सवो

Latin script: savo

Kannada script: ಸವೊ

Paisaci Prakrit:

Sindhi: sãhũ

Arabic script: سَنهُن

Devanagari script: संहुं

Punjabi:

desc

Gurmukhi script: ਸੌਂਹ (saũh), ਸਹੁੰ (sahũ)

Shahmukhi script: سَون٘ہہ (sauṉh)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani:

Hindi: सौंह (sa͠uh), सोंह (sõh), सौं (sa͠u), सों (sõ)

Urdu: سَون٘ہہ (sa͠uhh), سوں (sõ)

→ Bengali: শপথ (śopoth) (learned)

→ Hindi: शपथ (śapath) (learned)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: śapatha
> Javanese: ꦱꦥꦠ (sapata), ꦱꦼꦥꦠ (sepata), ꦱꦸꦥꦠ (supata), ꦱꦸꦥꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (supaos) (inherited)
→ Balinese: sepata

→ Old Khmer: [script needed] (śapatha)

Khmer: ស្បថ (sbɑt)

→ Tamil: சபதம் (capatam) (learned)

/ɕɐ.pɐ́.tʰɐ/

/ˈɕɐ.pɐ.t̪ʰɐ/

From the root शप् (śap, “to swear, curse”).


प्रतिज्ञा

pratijñā (romanization)
प्रतिज्ञा (nominative singular)
प्रतिज्ञे (dual nominative)
प्रतिज्ञाः (nominative plural)
प्रतिज्ञे (singular vocative)
प्रतिज्ञे (dual vocative)
प्रतिज्ञाः (plural vocative)
प्रतिज्ञाम् (accusative singular)
प्रतिज्ञे (accusative dual)
प्रतिज्ञाः (accusative plural)
प्रतिज्ञया (instrumental singular)
प्रतिज्ञा1 (instrumental singular)
प्रतिज्ञाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रतिज्ञाभिः (instrumental plural)
प्रतिज्ञायै (dative singular)
प्रतिज्ञाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रतिज्ञाभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रतिज्ञायाः (ablative singular)
प्रतिज्ञायै2 (ablative singular)
प्रतिज्ञाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रतिज्ञाभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रतिज्ञायाः (genitive singular)
प्रतिज्ञायै2 (genitive singular)
प्रतिज्ञयोः (dual genitive)
प्रतिज्ञानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रतिज्ञायाम् (locative singular)
प्रतिज्ञयोः (dual locative)
प्रतिज्ञासु (locative plural)

Pali: paṭiññā

Ashokan Prakrit:

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀇𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (païjjā)

Old Marathi: 𑘢𑘺𑘕 (paija), 𑘢𑘺𑘕𑘰 (paijā)

Marathi: पैज (paij)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀇𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (païjjā)

Hindustani:

Hindi: पैज (paij)

Urdu: پیج (paij)

Paisaci Prakrit: 𑀧𑀇𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (païjjā)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi: [script needed] (paij)

Shahmukhi: [script needed] (paij)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: प्रतिज्ञा (pratijñā)

Urdu: پرتِگّیا (pratigyā)

desc

→ Marathi: प्रतिज्ञा (pratijñā) (learned)

Derived from the root प्रतिज्ञा (pratijñā) (see above) + -आ (-ā).

/pɾɐˈt̪id͡ʑ.ɲɑː/

agreement, assent, admission, acknowledgement

declaration, proposition, statement, assertion, allegation

(law) plaint, complaint, indictment, prosecution

(logic) a proposition, the assertion or proposition to be proved


चतुर

catura (romanization)
चतुरः (nominative singular)
चतुरौ (dual nominative)
चतुरा1 (dual nominative)
चतुराः (nominative plural)
चतुरासः1 (nominative plural)
चतुर (singular vocative)
चतुरौ (dual vocative)
चतुरा1 (dual vocative)
चतुराः (plural vocative)
चतुरासः1 (plural vocative)
चतुरम् (accusative singular)
चतुरौ (accusative dual)
चतुरा1 (accusative dual)
चतुरान् (accusative plural)
चतुरेण (instrumental singular)
चतुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चतुरैः (instrumental plural)
चतुरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चतुराय (dative singular)
चतुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
चतुरेभ्यः (dative plural)
चतुरात् (ablative singular)
चतुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चतुरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चतुरस्य (genitive singular)
चतुरयोः (dual genitive)
चतुराणाम् (genitive plural)
चतुरे (locative singular)
चतुरयोः (dual locative)
चतुरेषु (locative plural)

/ˈt͡ɕɐ.t̪u.ɾɐ/

Of unclear origin.
Traditionally derived from चतुर् (catur, “four”), with an interpretation of "having the four"; the four in question are folk-etymologically interpreted as the Vedas.
An alternative theory considers the word a Dravidian borrowing; compare Tamil சதுர் (catur, “ability, skill, dexterity”) and Telugu చదువు (caduvu, “to read, study”). In light of the exact phonetic and semantic match as well as the word's lack of attestation in Vedic, this derivation is quite likely. However, it is also possible that the Dravidian terms are borrowed from Indo-Aryan rather than the other way around.
The relation to words like चटुल (caṭula, “trembling, unsteady, fine”), चटु (caṭu, “kind or flattering words”), and चाटु (cāṭu, “pleasing words, flattery”) is unclear and uncertain.

cog

Labeo rohita, a fish of the carp family Cyprinidae, found in the Ganges river


चतुर

catura (romanization)
चतुरम् (nominative singular)
चतुरे (dual nominative)
चतुराणि (nominative plural)
चतुरा1 (nominative plural)
चतुर (singular vocative)
चतुरे (dual vocative)
चतुराणि (plural vocative)
चतुरा1 (plural vocative)
चतुरम् (accusative singular)
चतुरे (accusative dual)
चतुराणि (accusative plural)
चतुरा1 (accusative plural)
चतुरेण (instrumental singular)
चतुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चतुरैः (instrumental plural)
चतुरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चतुराय (dative singular)
चतुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
चतुरेभ्यः (dative plural)
चतुरात् (ablative singular)
चतुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चतुरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चतुरस्य (genitive singular)
चतुरयोः (dual genitive)
चतुराणाम् (genitive plural)
चतुरे (locative singular)
चतुरयोः (dual locative)
चतुरेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: चतुर (catur) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਚਤਰ (catar) (learned)

→ Telugu: చతుర (catura)

/ˈt͡ɕɐ.t̪u.ɾɐ/


योजना

→ Hindi: योजना (yojnā)

→ Kannada: ಯೋಚನೆ (yōcane)

→ Marathi: योजना (yojnā)

→ Tamil: யோசனை (yōcaṉai)

→ Telugu: యోచన (yōcana)

/ˈjoː.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɑː/


सागर

sāgara (romanization)
सागरः (nominative singular)
सागरौ (dual nominative)
सागरा1 (dual nominative)
सागराः (nominative plural)
सागरासः1 (nominative plural)
सागर (singular vocative)
सागरौ (dual vocative)
सागरा1 (dual vocative)
सागराः (plural vocative)
सागरासः1 (plural vocative)
सागरम् (accusative singular)
सागरौ (accusative dual)
सागरा1 (accusative dual)
सागरान् (accusative plural)
सागरेण (instrumental singular)
सागराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सागरैः (instrumental plural)
सागरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सागराय (dative singular)
सागराभ्याम् (dative dual)
सागरेभ्यः (dative plural)
सागरात् (ablative singular)
सागराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सागरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सागरस्य (genitive singular)
सागरयोः (dual genitive)
सागराणाम् (genitive plural)
सागरे (locative singular)
सागरयोः (dual locative)
सागरेषु (locative plural)

Pali: sāgara

desctree

→ Old Javanese: sāgara
Javanese: ꦱꦒꦫ (sagara, ngoko), ꦱꦼꦒꦫ (segara)
Javanese: ꦱꦒꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (saganten, krama), ꦱꦼꦒꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (seganten)
→ Balinese: ᬲᬵᬕᬭ (sagara, segara), ᬲᬕᬭ (sagara)

→ Malay: segara
Indonesian: segara

→ Sundanese: ᮞᮌᮛ (sagara)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀕𑀭 (sāgara), 𑀲𑀸𑀬𑀭 (sāyara), 𑀲𑀸𑀅𑀭 (sāara)

desctree

Apabhramsa: सायर (sāyara)
Assamese: হাৱৰ (hawor)
Bengali: সায়র (śaẏor), হাওর (haōr)
Old Hindi: सायर (sāyara)
Sylheti: ꠀꠅꠞ (aor)
→ English: haor
→ Gujarati: હાઓર (hāora)
→ Hindi: हाउर (hāur)

→ Assamese: সাগৰ (xagor)

→ Bengali: সাগর (śagor)

→ Rohingya: cáigor

→ Sylheti: ꠡꠣꠉꠞ (śagor)

→ Hindustani: sāgar m

Hindi: सागर

Urdu: ساگَر

→ Marathi: सागर (sāgar)

→ Sindhi: ساگر m

→ Sinhalese: සාගරය (sāgaraya)

/ˈs̪ɑː.ɡɐ.ɾɐ/

Vṛddhi derivative of सगर (sagara, “ocean, sea”).


पेशी

peśī (romanization)
पेशी (nominative singular)
पेश्यौ (dual nominative)
पेशी1 (dual nominative)
पेश्यः (nominative plural)
पेशीः1 (nominative plural)
पेशि (singular vocative)
पेश्यौ (dual vocative)
पेशी1 (dual vocative)
पेश्यः (plural vocative)
पेशीः1 (plural vocative)
पेशीम् (accusative singular)
पेश्यौ (accusative dual)
पेशी1 (accusative dual)
पेशीः (accusative plural)
पेश्या (instrumental singular)
पेशीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पेशीभिः (instrumental plural)
पेश्यै (dative singular)
पेशीभ्याम् (dative dual)
पेशीभ्यः (dative plural)
पेश्याः (ablative singular)
पेश्यै2 (ablative singular)
पेशीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पेशीभ्यः (ablative plural)
पेश्याः (genitive singular)
पेश्यै2 (genitive singular)
पेश्योः (dual genitive)
पेशीनाम् (genitive plural)
पेश्याम् (locative singular)
पेश्योः (dual locative)
पेशीषु (locative plural)

From the root पिश् (piś, “to hew out, carve, form”).


निष्ठा

niṣṭhā (romanization)
निष्ठा (nominative singular)
निष्ठे (dual nominative)
निष्ठाः (nominative plural)
निष्ठे (singular vocative)
निष्ठे (dual vocative)
निष्ठाः (plural vocative)
निष्ठाम् (accusative singular)
निष्ठे (accusative dual)
निष्ठाः (accusative plural)
निष्ठया (instrumental singular)
निष्ठा1 (instrumental singular)
निष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
निष्ठाभिः (instrumental plural)
निष्ठायै (dative singular)
निष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
निष्ठाभ्यः (dative plural)
निष्ठायाः (ablative singular)
निष्ठायै2 (ablative singular)
निष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
निष्ठाभ्यः (ablative plural)
निष्ठायाः (genitive singular)
निष्ठायै2 (genitive singular)
निष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
निष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
निष्ठायाम् (locative singular)
निष्ठयोः (dual locative)
निष्ठासु (locative plural)

Punjabi: ਨਿੱਠ (niṭṭha, “focus”)

end, termination, culminating or extreme point, decisive sentence, catastrophe


वर्तनी

vartanī (romanization)
वर्तनी (nominative singular)
वर्तन्यौ (dual nominative)
वर्तन्यः (nominative plural)
वर्तनि (singular vocative)
वर्तन्यौ (dual vocative)
वर्तन्यः (plural vocative)
वर्तनीम् (accusative singular)
वर्तन्यौ (accusative dual)
वर्तनीः (accusative plural)
वर्तन्या (instrumental singular)
वर्तनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्तनीभिः (instrumental plural)
वर्तन्यै (dative singular)
वर्तनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्तनीभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्तन्याः (ablative singular)
वर्तनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्तनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्तन्याः (genitive singular)
वर्तन्योः (dual genitive)
वर्तनीणाम् (genitive plural)
वर्तन्याम् (locative singular)
वर्तन्योः (dual locative)
वर्तनीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of वर्तनी

वर्तनीभ्याम्

वर्तनीभ्याम्

वर्तनीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

वर्तनीभ्याम्

वर्तनीभ्याम्

वर्तनीभ्याम्

→ Hindi: वर्तनी (vartanī)

/ʋɐɾ.tɐ.níː/

/ˈʋɐɾ.t̪ɐ.n̪iː/


कामना

kāmanā (romanization)
कामना (nominative singular)
कामने (dual nominative)
कामनाः (nominative plural)
कामने (singular vocative)
कामने (dual vocative)
कामनाः (plural vocative)
कामनाम् (accusative singular)
कामने (accusative dual)
कामनाः (accusative plural)
कामनया (instrumental singular)
कामना1 (instrumental singular)
कामनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कामनाभिः (instrumental plural)
कामनायै (dative singular)
कामनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कामनाभ्यः (dative plural)
कामनायाः (ablative singular)
कामनायै2 (ablative singular)
कामनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कामनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कामनायाः (genitive singular)
कामनायै2 (genitive singular)
कामनयोः (dual genitive)
कामनानाम् (genitive plural)
कामनायाम् (locative singular)
कामनयोः (dual locative)
कामनासु (locative plural)

/ˈkɑː.mɐ.n̪ɑː/

From the root कम् (kam, “to wish, desire”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”).
Wider cognates include Latin cārus whence French cher and English charity, and English whore.


दल

dála (romanization)
दलम् (nominative singular)
दले (dual nominative)
दलानि (nominative plural)
दला1 (nominative plural)
दल (singular vocative)
दले (dual vocative)
दलानि (plural vocative)
दला1 (plural vocative)
दलम् (accusative singular)
दले (accusative dual)
दलानि (accusative plural)
दला1 (accusative plural)
दलेन (instrumental singular)
दलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दलैः (instrumental plural)
दलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दलाय (dative singular)
दलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दलेभ्यः (dative plural)
दलात् (ablative singular)
दलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दलस्य (genitive singular)
दलयोः (dual genitive)
दलानाम् (genitive plural)
दले (locative singular)
दलयोः (dual locative)
दलेषु (locative plural)

Hindustani:

Hindi: दल (dal)

Urdu: دل

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: دَل (dal)

Devanagari script: दल (dal)


स्नान

snāna (romanization)
स्नानम् (nominative singular)
स्नाने (dual nominative)
स्नानानि (nominative plural)
स्नाना1 (nominative plural)
स्नान (singular vocative)
स्नाने (dual vocative)
स्नानानि (plural vocative)
स्नाना1 (plural vocative)
स्नानम् (accusative singular)
स्नाने (accusative dual)
स्नानानि (accusative plural)
स्नाना1 (accusative plural)
स्नानेन (instrumental singular)
स्नानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्नानैः (instrumental plural)
स्नानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्नानाय (dative singular)
स्नानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्नानेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्नानात् (ablative singular)
स्नानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्नानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्नानस्य (genitive singular)
स्नानयोः (dual genitive)
स्नानानाम् (genitive plural)
स्नाने (locative singular)
स्नानयोः (dual locative)
स्नानेषु (locative plural)

Pali: sināna, nahāna

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡 (ṇhāṇa)
Old Marathi: नहाण (nahāṇa), न्हाण (nhāṇa)
Marathi: नहाण (nahāṇ), न्हाण (nhāṇ)

→ Bengali: স্নান (snan)

→ Bengali: চান (can) (semi-learned)

→ Kannada: ಸ್ನಾನ (snāna)

→ Hindi: स्नान (snān)

→ Malayalam: സ്നാനം (snānaṁ)

→ Telugu: స్నానము (snānamu)

→ Urdu: سنان (snān), اسنان (isnān)

/ˈs̪n̪ɑː.n̪ɐ/


आम्र

āmrá (romanization)
आम्रः (nominative singular)
आम्रौ (dual nominative)
आम्रा1 (dual nominative)
आम्राः (nominative plural)
आम्रासः1 (nominative plural)
आम्र (singular vocative)
आम्रौ (dual vocative)
आम्रा1 (dual vocative)
आम्राः (plural vocative)
आम्रासः1 (plural vocative)
आम्रम् (accusative singular)
आम्रौ (accusative dual)
आम्रा1 (accusative dual)
आम्रान् (accusative plural)
आम्रेण (instrumental singular)
आम्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आम्रैः (instrumental plural)
आम्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आम्राय (dative singular)
आम्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
आम्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
आम्रात् (ablative singular)
आम्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आम्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आम्रस्य (genitive singular)
आम्रयोः (dual genitive)
आम्राणाम् (genitive plural)
आम्रे (locative singular)
आम्रयोः (dual locative)
आम्रेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: اَمب (amb)

Devanagari script: अंब (aṃb)

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba)

Assamese: আম (am)

Bengali: আম (am)

Bhojpuri:

Devanagari script: आम (ām)

Kaithi script: 𑂄𑂧 (ām)

Chakma: 𑄃𑄟𑄴

Odia: ଆମ୍ବ (āmba)

Rohingya:

Hanifi Rohingya script: 𐴀𐴝𐴔𐴧 (amm)

Latin script: amm

Sylheti: ꠀꠝ (am)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: आंबा (āṃbā)

Modi script: 𑘁𑘽𑘤 (āṃba)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: आम्बो (āmbô)

Kannada script: ಆಂಬೊ (āmbô)

Latin script: ambo

desc

→ Arabic: عَنْبَة (ʕanba), عَنْبَا (ʕanbā)

→ Middle Armenian: անապ (anap), անպ (anp)

→ Somali: cámbe

→ Middle Persian: *anbag

Persian: انبه (anbe)

Baluchi: ہمب (humb)

→ Arabic: أَنْبَج (ʔanbaj)

→ Middle Armenian: ամպաճ (ampač), անպաճ (anpač), անապաճ (anapač)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba)

Dogri:

Devanagari script: अम्ब (amb)

Dogra script: 𑠀𑠢𑠹𑠠 (amba)

Hindustani:

Hindi: आम (ām)

Urdu: آم (ām)

Kachchi: આમુ (āmu)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅੰਬ (amba)

Shahmukhi script: اَمْب (amb)

Marwari: आंब (āmb)

Saurashtra:

Saurashtra script: ꢂꢀꢨꣁ (aṃbo)

Tamil script: அம்பொ (ambo)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: اَنبُ

Devanagari script: अंबु

Khasa Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba)

→ Nepali: आँप (ā̃p)

Dhivehi: އަނބު (aᵐbu)

Pali: amba

q

→ Swahili: embe (an early borrowing from an Indo-Iranian language)

→ Tocharian B: āmpär

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂h₃m-ro- (“sour”). Compare अम्ल (amla, “sour”), Proto-Germanic *ampraz (“sour”), Latin amārus (“bitter, sharp tasting”).

c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica#Translingual


उपवन

upavana (romanization)
उपवनम् (nominative singular)
उपवने (dual nominative)
उपवनानि (nominative plural)
उपवना1 (nominative plural)
उपवन (singular vocative)
उपवने (dual vocative)
उपवनानि (plural vocative)
उपवना1 (plural vocative)
उपवनम् (accusative singular)
उपवने (accusative dual)
उपवनानि (accusative plural)
उपवना1 (accusative plural)
उपवनेन (instrumental singular)
उपवनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उपवनैः (instrumental plural)
उपवनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उपवनाय (dative singular)
उपवनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उपवनेभ्यः (dative plural)
उपवनात् (ablative singular)
उपवनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उपवनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उपवनस्य (genitive singular)
उपवनयोः (dual genitive)
उपवनानाम् (genitive plural)
उपवने (locative singular)
उपवनयोः (dual locative)
उपवनेषु (locative plural)

Compound of उप- (upa-) + वन (vana, “forest”).


शशक

śaśaka (romanization)
शशकः (nominative singular)
शशकौ (dual nominative)
शशका1 (dual nominative)
शशकाः (nominative plural)
शशकासः1 (nominative plural)
शशक (singular vocative)
शशकौ (dual vocative)
शशका1 (dual vocative)
शशकाः (plural vocative)
शशकासः1 (plural vocative)
शशकम् (accusative singular)
शशकौ (accusative dual)
शशका1 (accusative dual)
शशकान् (accusative plural)
शशकेन (instrumental singular)
शशकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शशकैः (instrumental plural)
शशकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शशकाय (dative singular)
शशकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शशकेभ्यः (dative plural)
शशकात् (ablative singular)
शशकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शशकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शशकस्य (genitive singular)
शशकयोः (dual genitive)
शशकानाम् (genitive plural)
शशके (locative singular)
शशकयोः (dual locative)
शशकेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: शशक (śaśak)

Urdu: ششک

Middle Indo-Aryan:

Pali: sasaka

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindi: ससक (sasak) (uncommon)

Romani: śośoj

From शश (śaśa, “hare”) + -क (-ka, diminutive suffix).


साहस

sāhasa (romanization)
साहसम् (nominative singular)
साहसे (dual nominative)
साहसानि (nominative plural)
साहस (singular vocative)
साहसे (dual vocative)
साहसानि (plural vocative)
साहसम् (accusative singular)
साहसे (accusative dual)
साहसानि (accusative plural)
साहसेन (instrumental singular)
साहसाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
साहसैः (instrumental plural)
साहसाय (dative singular)
साहसाभ्याम् (dative dual)
साहसेभ्यः (dative plural)
साहसात् (ablative singular)
साहसाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
साहसेभ्यः (ablative plural)
साहसस्य (genitive singular)
साहसयोः (dual genitive)
साहसानाम् (genitive plural)
साहसे (locative singular)
साहसयोः (dual locative)
साहसेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">साहस</i>

Assamese: সাহ (xah)

Hindi: साहस (sāhas)

→ Tagalog: gahasa; sagasa

adventure, boldness, daring, aggression, rashness

felony, violence, robbery, any reckless or precipitate act


परिणाम

pariṇāma (romanization)
परिणामः (nominative singular)
परिणामौ (dual nominative)
परिणामाः (nominative plural)
परिणाम (singular vocative)
परिणामौ (dual vocative)
परिणामाः (plural vocative)
परिणामम् (accusative singular)
परिणामौ (accusative dual)
परिणामान् (accusative plural)
परिणामेन (instrumental singular)
परिणामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परिणामैः (instrumental plural)
परिणामाय (dative singular)
परिणामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
परिणामेभ्यः (dative plural)
परिणामात् (ablative singular)
परिणामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
परिणामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
परिणामस्य (genitive singular)
परिणामयोः (dual genitive)
परिणामानाम् (genitive plural)
परिणामे (locative singular)
परिणामयोः (dual locative)
परिणामेषु (locative plural)

Masculine a-stem declension of परिणाम

परिणामाभ्याम्

परिणामाभ्याम्

परिणामाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

परिणामाभ्याम्

परिणामाभ्याम्

परिणामाभ्याम्

Tamil: பரிணாமம் (pariṇāmam)

Compound of परि- (pari-) + नाम (nāma), from नम् (nam, “to bow; to yield, give way”).

a figure of speech by which the properties of any object are transferred to that with which it is compared


భూ

Telugu script form of भू (“becoming; world”)


प्रमाण

Pali: pramana

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀫𑀸𑀡 (pamāṇa)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: પરમાણ (parmāṇ)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: পানা (pana)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ފުރަމާނަ (furamāna)

Sinhalese: ප්රමාණය (pramāṇaya)

Western:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: parmāṇ

Gurmukhi script: ਪਰਮਾਣ

Shahmukhi script: پَرمَاݨ

→ Hindi: प्रमाण (pramāṇ)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: pramāṇa
Javanese: ꦥꦿꦩꦤ (pramana)
→ Indonesian: Pramono
→ Balinese: ᬧ᭄ᬭᬫᬡ (pramana)

→ Old Marathi: प्रमाण (pramāṇa)

→ Marathi: प्रमाण (pramāṇ)

/pɾɐ.mɑː.ɳɐ/

/pɾɐˈmɑː.ɳɐ/

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pramaHnam, from *pra- + *maHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁nom, from *meh₁- (“to measure”). Cognate with Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠 (framānā); see New Persian فرمان (farmân, “decree”).

inh+

proof, authority; any proof, testimony, or evidence

measurement, dimensions, length; measure of any kind

accordance of the movements in dancing with music and song


साक्ष्य

Telugu: సాక్ష్యము (sākṣyamu)

/ˈs̪ɑːk.ʂjɐ/


स्वयं

head

स्वयं • (svayaṃ)

स्वयम् स्वयम्#Sanskrit


स्वास्थ्य

→ Assamese: স্বাস্থ্য (sasthyo)

→ Bengali: স্বাস্থ্য (śasttho)

→ Gujarati: સ્વાસ્થ્ય (svāsthya)

→ Hindi: स्वास्थ्य (svāsthya)

→ Marathi: स्वास्थ्य (svāsthya)

/ˈs̪ʋɑːs̪.t̪ʰjɐ/

Vrddhi derivative of स्वस्थ (svastha, “healthy”) with a -य (-ya) extension, itself a compound of स्व (sva, “self”) + स्थ (stha, “to stand, endure”), literally meaning "self-standing".


बाधा

bādhā (romanization)
बाधा (nominative singular)
बाधे (dual nominative)
बाधाः (nominative plural)
बाधे (singular vocative)
बाधे (dual vocative)
बाधाः (plural vocative)
बाधाम् (accusative singular)
बाधे (accusative dual)
बाधाः (accusative plural)
बाधया (instrumental singular)
बाधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बाधाभिः (instrumental plural)
बाधायै (dative singular)
बाधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बाधाभ्यः (dative plural)
बाधायाः (ablative singular)
बाधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बाधाभ्यः (ablative plural)
बाधायाः (genitive singular)
बाधयोः (dual genitive)
बाधानाम् (genitive plural)
बाधायाम् (locative singular)
बाधयोः (dual locative)
बाधासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of बाधा

→ Tamil: வாதை (vātai)

interruption, obstacle, hardship, disturbance


रोगी

sa-noun form

रोगी • (rogī)

रोगिन् रोगिन्#Sanskrit

masculine nominative singular of रोगिन् (rogin)


खण्ड

khaṇḍa (romanization)
खण्डः (nominative singular)
खण्डौ (dual nominative)
खण्डा1 (dual nominative)
खण्डाः (nominative plural)
खण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
खण्ड (singular vocative)
खण्डौ (dual vocative)
खण्डा1 (dual vocative)
खण्डाः (plural vocative)
खण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
खण्डम् (accusative singular)
खण्डौ (accusative dual)
खण्डा1 (accusative dual)
खण्डान् (accusative plural)
खण्डेन (instrumental singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खण्डैः (instrumental plural)
खण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
खण्डाय (dative singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
खण्डात् (ablative singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
खण्डस्य (genitive singular)
खण्डयोः (dual genitive)
खण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
खण्डे (locative singular)
खण्डयोः (dual locative)
खण्डेषु (locative plural)
खण्डम् (nominative singular)
खण्डे (dual nominative)
खण्डानि (nominative plural)
खण्डा1 (nominative plural)
खण्ड (singular vocative)
खण्डे (dual vocative)
खण्डानि (plural vocative)
खण्डा1 (plural vocative)
खण्डम् (accusative singular)
खण्डे (accusative dual)
खण्डानि (accusative plural)
खण्डा1 (accusative plural)
खण्डेन (instrumental singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खण्डैः (instrumental plural)
खण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
खण्डाय (dative singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
खण्डात् (ablative singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
खण्डस्य (genitive singular)
खण्डयोः (dual genitive)
खण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
खण्डे (locative singular)
खण्डयोः (dual locative)
खण्डेषु (locative plural)

An internally-derived word, likely of non-Indo-European, probably Dravidian origin; compare Tamil கண்டு (kaṇṭu, “hard candy”), கண்டம் (kaṇṭam, “piece, part”), Tamil கட்டு (kaṭṭu, “to harden, condense”), Tamil கண்டி (kaṇṭi, “to cut”). Watkins instead suggests a borrowing from Munda, while Mayrhofer mentions a potential connection to क्षद् (kṣad, “to cut, carve”).

cog

a chip, piece, slice, bit, portion, fragment

clause, chapter, section (of a work, document)


अम्बर

ámbara (romanization)
अम्बरम् (nominative singular)
अम्बरे (dual nominative)
अम्बराणि (nominative plural)
अम्बरा1 (nominative plural)
अम्बर (singular vocative)
अम्बरे (dual vocative)
अम्बराणि (plural vocative)
अम्बरा1 (plural vocative)
अम्बरम् (accusative singular)
अम्बरे (accusative dual)
अम्बराणि (accusative plural)
अम्बरा1 (accusative plural)
अम्बरेण (instrumental singular)
अम्बराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अम्बरैः (instrumental plural)
अम्बरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अम्बराय (dative singular)
अम्बराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अम्बरेभ्यः (dative plural)
अम्बरात् (ablative singular)
अम्बराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अम्बरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अम्बरस्य (genitive singular)
अम्बरयोः (dual genitive)
अम्बराणाम् (genitive plural)
अम्बरे (locative singular)
अम्बरयोः (dual locative)
अम्बरेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: अंबर (ambar)

→ Old Gujarati: अंबर (aṃbara)

desc

→ Malayalam: അംബരം (ambaraṁ), അമ്പരക്കുക (amparakkuka)

→ Telugu: అంబరము (ambaramu)

→ Thai: อัมพร (am-pɔɔn)


सिद्धि

siddhi (romanization)
सिद्धिः (nominative singular)
सिद्धी (dual nominative)
सिद्धयः (nominative plural)
सिद्धे (singular vocative)
सिद्धी (dual vocative)
सिद्धयः (plural vocative)
सिद्धिम् (accusative singular)
सिद्धी (accusative dual)
सिद्धीः (accusative plural)
सिद्ध्या (instrumental singular)
सिद्धी1 (instrumental singular)
सिद्धिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिद्धिभिः (instrumental plural)
सिद्धये (dative singular)
सिद्ध्यै2 (dative singular)
सिद्धी1 (dative singular)
सिद्धिभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिद्धिभ्यः (dative plural)
सिद्धेः (ablative singular)
सिद्ध्याः2 (ablative singular)
सिद्ध्यै3 (ablative singular)
सिद्धिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिद्धिभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिद्धेः (genitive singular)
सिद्ध्याः2 (genitive singular)
सिद्ध्यै3 (genitive singular)
सिद्ध्योः (dual genitive)
सिद्धीनाम् (genitive plural)
सिद्धौ (locative singular)
सिद्ध्याम्2 (locative singular)
सिद्धा1 (locative singular)
सिद्ध्योः (dual locative)
सिद्धिषु (locative plural)

desctree

>? Pali: siddhi
→ Burmese: သိဒ္ဓိ (siddhi.)
→ Old Khmer: siddhi
→ Khmer: សិទ្ធិ (sətthiʼ)
→ Lao: ສິດທິ (sit thi)
→ Thai: สิทธิ (sìt-tí, “entitlement; potential”)
→ Thai: สิทธิ์ (sìt, “entitlement; potential”)

→ Burmese: သိဒ္ဓိ (siddhi.)

→ Indonesian: sidi

→ Thai: สิทธิ (sìt-tí)

From the root सिध् (sidh), weak form of साध् (sādh, “to succeed”).

success, perfection, attainment, determination, substantiation

acquisition of supernatural powers by magical means


मूढ

mūḍhá (romanization)
मूढः (nominative singular)
मूढौ (dual nominative)
मूढा1 (dual nominative)
मूढाः (nominative plural)
मूढासः1 (nominative plural)
मूढ (singular vocative)
मूढौ (dual vocative)
मूढा1 (dual vocative)
मूढाः (plural vocative)
मूढासः1 (plural vocative)
मूढम् (accusative singular)
मूढौ (accusative dual)
मूढा1 (accusative dual)
मूढान् (accusative plural)
मूढेन (instrumental singular)
मूढाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मूढैः (instrumental plural)
मूढेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मूढाय (dative singular)
मूढाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मूढेभ्यः (dative plural)
मूढात् (ablative singular)
मूढाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मूढेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मूढस्य (genitive singular)
मूढयोः (dual genitive)
मूढानाम् (genitive plural)
मूढे (locative singular)
मूढयोः (dual locative)
मूढेषु (locative plural)

→ Old Javanese: mūḍha
Javanese: ꦩꦸꦝ (mudha), ꦩꦸꦢ (muda)
→ Malay: muda
> Indonesian: muda (inherited)
>? Malay: mudah
> Indonesian: mudah (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬫᬹᬥ (muda)

Pali: mūḷha

desc

→ Tamil: மூடன் (mūṭaṉ), மூடி (mūṭi)

→ Tamil: மூடன் (mūṭaṉ), மூடி (mūṭi) (< mūḍhī́)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *muẓḍʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *muždʰás, from the root *mawǰʰ- (“to err, to deviate”). Related to मुग्ध (mugdhá). See the root मुह् (muh) for cognates.


निर्बुद्धि

nirbúddhi (romanization)
निर्बुद्धिः (nominative singular)
निर्बुद्धी (dual nominative)
निर्बुद्धयः (nominative plural)
निर्बुद्धे (singular vocative)
निर्बुद्धी (dual vocative)
निर्बुद्धयः (plural vocative)
निर्बुद्धिम् (accusative singular)
निर्बुद्धी (accusative dual)
निर्बुद्धीन् (accusative plural)
निर्बुद्धिना (instrumental singular)
निर्बुद्ध्या1 (instrumental singular)
निर्बुद्धिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
निर्बुद्धिभिः (instrumental plural)
निर्बुद्धये (dative singular)
निर्बुद्धिभ्याम् (dative dual)
निर्बुद्धिभ्यः (dative plural)
निर्बुद्धेः (ablative singular)
निर्बुद्धिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
निर्बुद्धिभ्यः (ablative plural)
निर्बुद्धेः (genitive singular)
निर्बुद्ध्योः (dual genitive)
निर्बुद्धीनाम् (genitive plural)
निर्बुद्धौ (locative singular)
निर्बुद्धा1 (locative singular)
निर्बुद्ध्योः (dual locative)
निर्बुद्धिषु (locative plural)

Compound of निर्- (nir-, “out”) + बुद्धि (búddhi, “intelligence”)


शय्या

śayyā (romanization)
शी (root)
शय्या (nominative singular)
शय्ये (dual nominative)
शय्याः (nominative plural)
शय्ये (singular vocative)
शय्ये (dual vocative)
शय्याः (plural vocative)
शय्याम् (accusative singular)
शय्ये (accusative dual)
शय्याः (accusative plural)
शय्यया (instrumental singular)
शय्या1 (instrumental singular)
शय्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शय्याभिः (instrumental plural)
शय्यायै (dative singular)
शय्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
शय्याभ्यः (dative plural)
शय्यायाः (ablative singular)
शय्यायै2 (ablative singular)
शय्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शय्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
शय्यायाः (genitive singular)
शय्यायै2 (genitive singular)
शय्ययोः (dual genitive)
शय्यानाम् (genitive plural)
शय्यायाम् (locative singular)
शय्ययोः (dual locative)
शय्यासु (locative plural)

Pali: seyyā

Prakrit: 𑀲𑁂𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (sĕjjā), 𑀲𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (sijjā)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Awadhi: सेज (sej)

Gujarati: સેજ (sej)

Hindustani: sej

Hindi: सेज

Urdu: سیج

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: সেজা (xeza)

Bengali: সেজ (Sej), সেঁজ (śẽj)

Bihari: सजेआ (sajeā), सजिया (sajiyā)

Bhojpuri: सेज (sēj)

Maithili: सेज (sēj)

Odia: ସେଜ (seja), ସେସ (sesa)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: सेज (sej)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: सेज (sej)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އެނދު (eⁿdu)

Sinhalese: සී (sī), ඇඳ (æⁿda)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: शेज (śej̈)

Western:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: sej, chej

Gurmukhi script: ਸੇਜ, ਚੇਜ

Shahmukhi script: سیج, چیج

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: seja

Arabic script: سيجِ

Devanagari script: सेज

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: शय्या (śayyā)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-
Sanskrit शी (śī)
Sanskrit -या (-yā)
Sanskrit शय्या (śayyā)
From the root शी (śī) + -या (-yā).

etymon

rhetorical composition, or a particular rhetorical figure involving stringing words together


विद्

vid (romanization)
वित् (nominative singular)
विदौ (dual nominative)
विदा1 (dual nominative)
विदः (nominative plural)
वित् (singular vocative)
विदौ (dual vocative)
विदा1 (dual vocative)
विदः (plural vocative)
विदम् (accusative singular)
विदौ (accusative dual)
विदा1 (accusative dual)
विदः (accusative plural)
विदा (instrumental singular)
विद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विद्भिः (instrumental plural)
विदे (dative singular)
विद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
विद्भ्यः (dative plural)
विदः (ablative singular)
विद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
विद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
विदः (genitive singular)
विदोः (dual genitive)
विदाम् (genitive plural)
विदि (locative singular)
विदोः (dual locative)
वित्सु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wayd-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wayd-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see”); figuratively "to know". Cognate with Latin videō (“to see”), Ancient Greek οἶδα (oîda, “to know”), Belarusian ве́даць (vjédacʹ, “to know”), Russian ве́дать (védatʹ, “to know”), Old Church Slavonic вѣдѣти (věděti, “to know, see”). Compare also English wit, Bulgarian ви́дя (vídja, “I see”), Russian ви́деть (vídetʹ, “to see”).


गते

head

गते • (gáte)

→ Chinese: 揭諦 /揭谛 (jiēdì)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gátay, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gátay, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷémti, vocative singular of *gʷémtis.


दुर्बल

durbala (romanization)
दुर्बलः (nominative singular)
दुर्बलौ (dual nominative)
दुर्बलाः (nominative plural)
दुर्बल (singular vocative)
दुर्बलौ (dual vocative)
दुर्बलाः (plural vocative)
दुर्बलम् (accusative singular)
दुर्बलौ (accusative dual)
दुर्बलान् (accusative plural)
दुर्बलेन (instrumental singular)
दुर्बलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुर्बलैः (instrumental plural)
दुर्बलाय (dative singular)
दुर्बलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुर्बलेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुर्बलात् (ablative singular)
दुर्बलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुर्बलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुर्बलस्य (genitive singular)
दुर्बलयोः (dual genitive)
दुर्बलानाम् (genitive plural)
दुर्बले (locative singular)
दुर्बलयोः (dual locative)
दुर्बलेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of दुर्बल

दुर्बलाभ्याम्

दुर्बलाभ्याम्

दुर्बलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

दुर्बलाभ्याम्

दुर्बलाभ्याम्

दुर्बलाभ्याम्

Assamese: দুৰ্বল (durrol)

Bengali: দুর্বল (durbol)

Hindi: दुर्बल (durbal)

Urdu: دربل


शोक

śoká (romanization)
शोकः (nominative singular)
शोकौ (dual nominative)
शोका1 (dual nominative)
शोकाः (nominative plural)
शोकासः1 (nominative plural)
शोक (singular vocative)
शोकौ (dual vocative)
शोका1 (dual vocative)
शोकाः (plural vocative)
शोकासः1 (plural vocative)
शोकम् (accusative singular)
शोकौ (accusative dual)
शोका1 (accusative dual)
शोकान् (accusative plural)
शोकेन (instrumental singular)
शोकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शोकैः (instrumental plural)
शोकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शोकाय (dative singular)
शोकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शोकेभ्यः (dative plural)
शोकात् (ablative singular)
शोकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शोकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शोकस्य (genitive singular)
शोकयोः (dual genitive)
शोकानाम् (genitive plural)
शोके (locative singular)
शोकयोः (dual locative)
शोकेषु (locative plural)

From the root शुच् (śuc), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćáwčati, *ćúčyati (“shines, glares, gleams”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewk- (“white”). See also Gilaki سوتن (sutən), Talysh سوته (sute), Baluchi سوچگ (sóčag), Mazanderani بسوتن (basuten), Central Kurdish سوتان (sutan).

sorrow, affliction, anguish, pain, trouble, grief


उज्ज्वल

ujjvala (romanization)
उज्ज्वलः (nominative singular)
उज्ज्वलौ (dual nominative)
उज्ज्वला1 (dual nominative)
उज्ज्वलाः (nominative plural)
उज्ज्वलासः1 (nominative plural)
उज्ज्वल (singular vocative)
उज्ज्वलौ (dual vocative)
उज्ज्वला1 (dual vocative)
उज्ज्वलाः (plural vocative)
उज्ज्वलासः1 (plural vocative)
उज्ज्वलम् (accusative singular)
उज्ज्वलौ (accusative dual)
उज्ज्वला1 (accusative dual)
उज्ज्वलान् (accusative plural)
उज्ज्वलेन (instrumental singular)
उज्ज्वलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उज्ज्वलैः (instrumental plural)
उज्ज्वलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उज्ज्वलाय (dative singular)
उज्ज्वलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उज्ज्वलेभ्यः (dative plural)
उज्ज्वलात् (ablative singular)
उज्ज्वलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उज्ज्वलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उज्ज्वलस्य (genitive singular)
उज्ज्वलयोः (dual genitive)
उज्ज्वलानाम् (genitive plural)
उज्ज्वले (locative singular)
उज्ज्वलयोः (dual locative)
उज्ज्वलेषु (locative plural)

/ˈud̪.d͡ʑʋɐ.l̪ɐ/

[ˈud̪̚.d͡ʑʋɐ.l̪ɐ]


उज्ज्वल

ujjvala (romanization)
उज्ज्वलम् (nominative singular)
उज्ज्वले (dual nominative)
उज्ज्वलानि (nominative plural)
उज्ज्वला1 (nominative plural)
उज्ज्वल (singular vocative)
उज्ज्वले (dual vocative)
उज्ज्वलानि (plural vocative)
उज्ज्वला1 (plural vocative)
उज्ज्वलम् (accusative singular)
उज्ज्वले (accusative dual)
उज्ज्वलानि (accusative plural)
उज्ज्वला1 (accusative plural)
उज्ज्वलेन (instrumental singular)
उज्ज्वलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उज्ज्वलैः (instrumental plural)
उज्ज्वलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उज्ज्वलाय (dative singular)
उज्ज्वलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उज्ज्वलेभ्यः (dative plural)
उज्ज्वलात् (ablative singular)
उज्ज्वलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उज्ज्वलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उज्ज्वलस्य (genitive singular)
उज्ज्वलयोः (dual genitive)
उज्ज्वलानाम् (genitive plural)
उज्ज्वले (locative singular)
उज्ज्वलयोः (dual locative)
उज्ज्वलेषु (locative plural)

/ˈud̪.d͡ʑʋɐ.l̪ɐ/

[ˈud̪̚.d͡ʑʋɐ.l̪ɐ]


औषध

auṣadhá (romanization)
औषधम् (nominative singular)
औषधे (dual nominative)
औषधानि (nominative plural)
औषधा1 (nominative plural)
औषध (singular vocative)
औषधे (dual vocative)
औषधानि (plural vocative)
औषधा1 (plural vocative)
औषधम् (accusative singular)
औषधे (accusative dual)
औषधानि (accusative plural)
औषधा1 (accusative plural)
औषधेन (instrumental singular)
औषधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
औषधैः (instrumental plural)
औषधेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
औषधाय (dative singular)
औषधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
औषधेभ्यः (dative plural)
औषधात् (ablative singular)
औषधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
औषधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
औषधस्य (genitive singular)
औषधयोः (dual genitive)
औषधानाम् (genitive plural)
औषधे (locative singular)
औषधयोः (dual locative)
औषधेषु (locative plural)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀑𑀲𑀳 (osaha)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀑𑀲𑀠 (osaḍha)

desctree

Pali: osadha
→ Burmese: ဩသဓ (au:sa.dha.)
→ Khmer: ឱសថ (ʼaosɑt)
→ Lao: ໂອສົດ (ʼō sot)
→ Thai: โอสถ (oo-sòt)

→ Assamese: ঔষধ (ouxodh)

→ Bengali: ঔষধ (ōuśodh)

→ Gujarati: ઔષધ (auṣadh)

→ Hindi: औषध (auṣadh)

→ Kannada: ಔಷಧ (auṣadha)

→ Konkani: वकद (vakad), ओकद (okad)

desc

→ Malayalam: ഔഷധം (auṣadhaṁ), അവിഴതം (aviḻataṁ), അവുഴതം (avuḻataṁ) — tadbhava

→ Marathi: औषध (auṣadh)

→ Nepali: औषध (auṣadh)

→ Old Hindi: औखध (aukhadha)

Hindi: औखध (aukhadh)

→ Old Javanese: oṣadha, uṣadha

→ Balinese: ᬉᬱᬥ (usada)

Javanese: ꦲꦸꦱꦢ (usada)

→ Indonesian: usada

→ Old Marathi: वखदि (vakhadi), ओखदि (okhadi)

→ Odia: ଔଷଧ (aushadha)

→ Sinhalese: ඖෂධය (auṣadhaya)

→ Tamil: ஔடதம் (auṭatam), ஔஷதம் (auṣatam), அவ்ஷதம் (avṣatam), அவுஷதம் (avuṣatam), அவ்டதம் (avṭatam), அவுடதம் (avuṭatam)

→ Telugu: ఔషధము (auṣadhamu)

→ Urdu: اوشدھ

→ Urdu: اوشدھ

/ɑːw.ʂɐ.dʱɐ́/

/ˈɑw.ʂɐ.d̪ʱɐ/

herbs used in medicine, medicine in general


सत्यता

satyatā (romanization)
सत्यता (nominative singular)
सत्यते (dual nominative)
सत्यताः (nominative plural)
सत्यते (singular vocative)
सत्यते (dual vocative)
सत्यताः (plural vocative)
सत्यताम् (accusative singular)
सत्यते (accusative dual)
सत्यताः (accusative plural)
सत्यतया (instrumental singular)
सत्यता1 (instrumental singular)
सत्यताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सत्यताभिः (instrumental plural)
सत्यतायै (dative singular)
सत्यताभ्याम् (dative dual)
सत्यताभ्यः (dative plural)
सत्यतायाः (ablative singular)
सत्यतायै2 (ablative singular)
सत्यताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सत्यताभ्यः (ablative plural)
सत्यतायाः (genitive singular)
सत्यतायै2 (genitive singular)
सत्यतयोः (dual genitive)
सत्यतानाम् (genitive plural)
सत्यतायाम् (locative singular)
सत्यतयोः (dual locative)
सत्यतासु (locative plural)

/ˈs̪ɐt̪.jɐ.t̪ɑː/


महार्घ

mahārgha (romanization)
महार्घः (nominative singular)
महार्घौ (dual nominative)
महार्घा1 (dual nominative)
महार्घाः (nominative plural)
महार्घासः1 (nominative plural)
महार्घ (singular vocative)
महार्घौ (dual vocative)
महार्घा1 (dual vocative)
महार्घाः (plural vocative)
महार्घासः1 (plural vocative)
महार्घम् (accusative singular)
महार्घौ (accusative dual)
महार्घा1 (accusative dual)
महार्घान् (accusative plural)
महार्घेण (instrumental singular)
महार्घाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
महार्घैः (instrumental plural)
महार्घेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
महार्घाय (dative singular)
महार्घाभ्याम् (dative dual)
महार्घेभ्यः (dative plural)
महार्घात् (ablative singular)
महार्घाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
महार्घेभ्यः (ablative plural)
महार्घस्य (genitive singular)
महार्घयोः (dual genitive)
महार्घाणाम् (genitive plural)
महार्घे (locative singular)
महार्घयोः (dual locative)
महार्घेषु (locative plural)

/mɐ.ɦɑːɾ.ɡʱɐ/

/mɐˈɦɑːɾ.ɡʱɐ/

From महा (mahā, “large, mega”) + अर्घ (arghá, “price”).

Perdix chenensis
Perdix chenensis#Translingual

Perdix chenensis, a species of blue-breasted quail native to India and China


रिक्त

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *riktás (“empty”), from Proto-Indo-European *likʷ-tó-s, from *leykʷ- (“to leave”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬑𐬙𐬀 (ⁱrixta), Latin (re-)lictus. The Sanskrit root is रिच् (ric).


प्रताप

pratāpa (romanization)
प्रतापः (nominative singular)
प्रतापौ (dual nominative)
प्रतापाः (nominative plural)
प्रताप (singular vocative)
प्रतापौ (dual vocative)
प्रतापाः (plural vocative)
प्रतापम् (accusative singular)
प्रतापौ (accusative dual)
प्रतापान् (accusative plural)
प्रतापेण (instrumental singular)
प्रतापाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रतापैः (instrumental plural)
प्रतापाय (dative singular)
प्रतापाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रतापेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रतापात् (ablative singular)
प्रतापाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रतापेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रतापस्य (genitive singular)
प्रतापयोः (dual genitive)
प्रतापाणाम् (genitive plural)
प्रतापे (locative singular)
प्रतापयोः (dual locative)
प्रतापेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of प्रताप

प्रतापाभ्याम्

प्रतापाभ्याम्

प्रतापाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

प्रतापाभ्याम्

प्रतापाभ्याम्

प्रतापाभ्याम्

desctree

→ Old Javanese: pratāpa
> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦠꦥ (pratapa) (inherited)

From प्र- (pra-) and ताप (tāpa), lit. 'bringing heat forth'.

That is why Lord Vishnu is known as Pratāpa (ie, scorcher)

विश्वं प्रतापयति यस्सवित्रादि विभूतिभिः स श्रीविष्णुः प्रतापन इति संकीर्यते बुधैः viśvaṃ pratāpayati yassavitrādi vibhūtibhiḥ sa śrīviṣṇuḥ pratāpana iti saṃkīryate budhaiḥ Scorcher of worlds, mighty tormenter and frighter


कागद

kāgada (romanization)
कागदम् (nominative singular)
कागदे (dual nominative)
कागदानि (nominative plural)
कागदा1 (nominative plural)
कागद (singular vocative)
कागदे (dual vocative)
कागदानि (plural vocative)
कागदा1 (plural vocative)
कागदम् (accusative singular)
कागदे (accusative dual)
कागदानि (accusative plural)
कागदा1 (accusative plural)
कागदेन (instrumental singular)
कागदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कागदैः (instrumental plural)
कागदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कागदाय (dative singular)
कागदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कागदेभ्यः (dative plural)
कागदात् (ablative singular)
कागदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कागदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कागदस्य (genitive singular)
कागदयोः (dual genitive)
कागदानाम् (genitive plural)
कागदे (locative singular)
कागदयोः (dual locative)
कागदेषु (locative plural)

/ˈkɑː.ɡɐ.d̪ɐ/


समान

samāna (romanization)
समानः (nominative singular)
समानौ (dual nominative)
समाना1 (dual nominative)
समानाः (nominative plural)
समानासः1 (nominative plural)
समान (singular vocative)
समानौ (dual vocative)
समाना1 (dual vocative)
समानाः (plural vocative)
समानासः1 (plural vocative)
समानम् (accusative singular)
समानौ (accusative dual)
समाना1 (accusative dual)
समानान् (accusative plural)
समानेन (instrumental singular)
समानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
समानैः (instrumental plural)
समानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
समानाय (dative singular)
समानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
समानेभ्यः (dative plural)
समानात् (ablative singular)
समानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
समानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
समानस्य (genitive singular)
समानयोः (dual genitive)
समानानाम् (genitive plural)
समाने (locative singular)
समानयोः (dual locative)
समानेषु (locative plural)

/s̪ɐˈmɑː.n̪ɐ/

one of the five vital airs (that which circulates about the navel and is essential to digestion; personified as a son of Sādhya)


पानीय

pānīya (romanization)
पानीयम् (nominative singular)
पानीये (dual nominative)
पानीयानि (nominative plural)
पानीया1 (nominative plural)
पानीय (singular vocative)
पानीये (dual vocative)
पानीयानि (plural vocative)
पानीया1 (plural vocative)
पानीयम् (accusative singular)
पानीये (accusative dual)
पानीयानि (accusative plural)
पानीया1 (accusative plural)
पानीयेन (instrumental singular)
पानीयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पानीयैः (instrumental plural)
पानीयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पानीयाय (dative singular)
पानीयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पानीयेभ्यः (dative plural)
पानीयात् (ablative singular)
पानीयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पानीयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पानीयस्य (genitive singular)
पानीययोः (dual genitive)
पानीयानाम् (genitive plural)
पानीये (locative singular)
पानीययोः (dual locative)
पानीयेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅 (pāṇīa) (see there for further descendants)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *peh₃-
Sanskrit पा (pā)
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Sanskrit -अन (-ana)
Proto-Indo-Iranian *-iHyas
Sanskrit -ईय (-īya)
Sanskrit -अनीय (-anīya)
Sanskrit पानीय (pānīya)
From पा (pā, “to drink”) + -अनीय (-anīya).


भार्या

bhāryā̀ (romanization)
metrical Vedic bhāríyā (romanization)
भार्या (nominative singular)
भार्ये (dual nominative)
भार्याः (nominative plural)
भार्ये (singular vocative)
भार्ये (dual vocative)
भार्याः (plural vocative)
भार्याम् (accusative singular)
भार्ये (accusative dual)
भार्याः (accusative plural)
भार्यया (instrumental singular)
भार्या1 (instrumental singular)
भार्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भार्याभिः (instrumental plural)
भार्यायै (dative singular)
भार्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
भार्याभ्यः (dative plural)
भार्यायाः (ablative singular)
भार्यायै2 (ablative singular)
भार्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भार्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
भार्यायाः (genitive singular)
भार्यायै2 (genitive singular)
भार्ययोः (dual genitive)
भार्याणाम् (genitive plural)
भार्यायाम् (locative singular)
भार्ययोः (dual locative)
भार्यासु (locative plural)

desctree

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (bhajjā), 𑀪𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀆 (bhāriā) — Paiśācī
Old Marathi: 𑘥𑘰𑘕 (bhāja), 𑘥𑘰𑘕𑘰 (bhājā)

Paisaci Prakrit: 𑀪𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀆 (bhāriā)

Pali: bhariyā
→ Khmer: ភរិយា (phĕəʼriyiə)
→ Lao: ພະລິຍາ (pha li nyā)
→ Lü: ᦘᦟᦲᧉᦍᦱ (phlii²yaa)
→ Thai: ภริยา (pá-rí-yaa)

→ Bengali: ভার্যা (bharja)

→ Hindi: भार्या (bhāryā)

→ Malayalam: ഭാര്യ (bhārya)

→ Old Marathi: 𑘥𑘰𑘨𑘱𑘧𑘰 (bhāriyā)

→ Tamil: பாரியை (pāriyai)

→ Telugu: భార్య (bhārya)

/bʱɑː.ɾí.jɑː/

/ˈbʱɑːɾ.jɑː/

Feminine of भार्य (bhāryà); literally meaning "female [of a household] to be supported/endured". The sense "female of an animal" is formed by further extending the sense "wife".


शत्रु

śátru (romanization)
शत्रुः (nominative singular)
शत्रू (dual nominative)
शत्रवः (nominative plural)
शत्रो (singular vocative)
शत्रू (dual vocative)
शत्रवः (plural vocative)
शत्रुम् (accusative singular)
शत्रू (accusative dual)
शत्रून् (accusative plural)
शत्रुणा (instrumental singular)
शत्र्वा1 (instrumental singular)
शत्रुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शत्रुभिः (instrumental plural)
शत्रवे (dative singular)
शत्रुभ्याम् (dative dual)
शत्रुभ्यः (dative plural)
शत्रोः (ablative singular)
शत्रुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शत्रुभ्यः (ablative plural)
शत्रोः (genitive singular)
शत्र्वोः (dual genitive)
शत्रूणाम् (genitive plural)
शत्रौ (locative singular)
शत्र्वोः (dual locative)
शत्रुषु (locative plural)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ހަތުރު (haturu)

Sinhalese: සතුරා (saturā)

→ Old Javanese: [script needed] (śatru)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬢ᭄ᬭᬸ

→ Sundanese: satru

Javanese: ꦱꦠꦿꦸ (satru)

→ Indonesian: satru

→ Old Khmer: [script needed] (śatru)

→ Khmer: សត្រូវ (sattrəw)

→ Lao: ສັຕຣູ (sat rū)

→ Thai: ศัตรู (sàt-dtruu)

→ Old Malay: [script needed] (śatru)

Malay: seteru

Indonesian: seteru

→ Old Tamil:

Tamil: சத்துரு (catturu)

Pali: sattu

→ Lao: ສັດຕູ (sat tū)

→ Assamese: শত্ৰু (xotru)

→ Bengali: শত্রু (śotru)

→ Gujarati: શત્રુ (śatru)

→ Hindi: शत्रु (śatru)

→ Kannada: ಶತ್ರು (śatru)

→ Malayalam: ശത്രു (śatru)

→ Marathi: शत्रू (śatrū)

→ Punjabi: ਸ਼ੱਤਰੂ (śattarū) / شترو (śtro)

desc

→ Telugu: శత్రువు (śatruvu), శత్రుడు (śatruḍu)

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *keh₃- and cognate with Ancient Greek κότος (kótos, “anger”), German Hader (“strife”), Irish cath (“battle”) (with unexpected a), Old Church Slavonic котора (kotora, “quarrel”) (with *ḱ > *k?).

cog

यदच॑रस्त॒न्वा॑ वावृधा॒नो बला॑नीन्द्र प्रब्रुवा॒णो जने॑षु।
मा॒येत्सा ते॒ यानि॑ यु॒द्धान्या॒हुर्नाद्य शत्रुं॑ न॒नु पु॒रा वि॑वित्से॥
yádácarastanvā̀ vāvṛdhānó bálānīndra prabruvāṇó jáneṣu.

When you were roaming, increasing in body, telling your might, Indra, among the people, all the men called your battles as illusions: no foe have you to date, nor had you one before.

māyétsā́ te yā́ni yuddhā́nyāhúrnā́dyá śátruṃ nanú purā́ vivitse.

a hostile king (especially a neighbouring king as a natural enemy)

Asparagus racemosus
Asparagus racemosus#Translingual


शान्ति

śā́nti (romanization)
शान्तिः (nominative singular)
शान्ती (dual nominative)
शान्तयः (nominative plural)
शान्ते (singular vocative)
शान्ती (dual vocative)
शान्तयः (plural vocative)
शान्तिम् (accusative singular)
शान्ती (accusative dual)
शान्तीः (accusative plural)
शान्त्या (instrumental singular)
शान्ती1 (instrumental singular)
शान्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शान्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
शान्तये (dative singular)
शान्त्यै2 (dative singular)
शान्ती1 (dative singular)
शान्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
शान्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
शान्तेः (ablative singular)
शान्त्याः2 (ablative singular)
शान्त्यै3 (ablative singular)
शान्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शान्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
शान्तेः (genitive singular)
शान्त्याः2 (genitive singular)
शान्त्यै3 (genitive singular)
शान्त्योः (dual genitive)
शान्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
शान्तौ (locative singular)
शान्त्याम्2 (locative singular)
शान्ता1 (locative singular)
शान्त्योः (dual locative)
शान्तिषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨭𐨎𐨟𐨁 (śaṃti)

desctree

Pali: santi
→ Khmer: សន្តិ (sɑnteʼ), សាន្តិ (saanteʼ)
→ Lao: ສັນຕິ (san ti)
→ Thai: สันติ (sǎn-dtì)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀁𑀢𑀺 (saṃti)

Punjabi: ਸਾਂਦ (sānd)

→ Bengali: শান্তি (śanti) (learned)

→ Rohingya: cánti

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: शांति (śānti)

desc

Urdu: شانْتی (śāntī)

Urdu: شانْتی (śāntī)

→ Telugu: శాంతి (śānti)

→ English: shanti

/ˈɕɑːn̪.t̪i/

tranquillity, peace, rest, quietness, calmness, absence of passion

welfare, prosperity, good fortune, ease, comfort, happiness, bliss


यवसुरा

→ Hindi: यवसुरा (yavsurā)

यव (yáva, “barley”) + सुरा (surā, “liquor; wine; beer”).

compound

beer; a kind of alcoholic drink made from barley


लेखनी

lekhanī (romanization)
लेखनी (nominative singular)
लेखन्यौ (dual nominative)
लेखन्यः (nominative plural)
लेखनि (singular vocative)
लेखन्यौ (dual vocative)
लेखन्यः (plural vocative)
लेखनीम् (accusative singular)
लेखन्यौ (accusative dual)
लेखनीः (accusative plural)
लेखन्या (instrumental singular)
लेखनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लेखनीभिः (instrumental plural)
लेखन्यै (dative singular)
लेखनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
लेखनीभ्यः (dative plural)
लेखन्याः (ablative singular)
लेखनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लेखनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
लेखन्याः (genitive singular)
लेखन्योः (dual genitive)
लेखनीनाम् (genitive plural)
लेखन्याम् (locative singular)
लेखन्योः (dual locative)
लेखनीषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: লেখনী (lekhoni)

→ Bengali: লেখনী (lekhoni)

→ Burmese: လီခနီ (lihka.ni)

→ Dhivehi: ލޭކަނީ (lēkanī)

→ Gujarati: લેખની (lekhnī)

Hindustani:

→ Hindi: लेखनी (lekhnī)

→ Pashto: ليکني

→ Urdu: لیکھنی (lekhnī)

→ Kannada: ಲೇಖನಿ (lēkhani)

→ Khmer: លេខនី (leikhaʼnii)

→ Malayalam: ലേഖനി (lēkhani)

desc

→ Marathi: लोखणी (lokhṇī), लेखनी (lekhnī)

→ Nepali: लेखनी (lekhanī)

→ Odia: ଲେଖନୀ (lekhani)

→ Punjabi: ਲੇਖਨੀ (lekhnī)

→ Sinhalese: ලේඛනී (lēkhanī)

→ Sylheti: ꠟꠦꠈꠘꠤ (lexóni)

→ Tamil: லேகநீ (lēkanī)

→ Telugu: లేఖని (lēkhani)

→ Thai: เลกฮานี

→ Thai: เลกฮานี

→ Tibetan: ལེཁནཱི (lekhnī)

From the feminine form of लेखन (lekhana, “scratching, scarifying, scraping”), from the root लिख् (likh, “to write”).

an instrument for writing or painting, reed-pen, painting-brush, pen, pencil

Saccharum spontaneum
Saccharum spontaneum#Translingual

Saccharum spontaneum (a sort of reed of which pens are made)


नाश

nāśa (romanization)
नाशः (nominative singular)
नाशौ (dual nominative)
नाशा1 (dual nominative)
नाशाः (nominative plural)
नाशासः1 (nominative plural)
नाश (singular vocative)
नाशौ (dual vocative)
नाशा1 (dual vocative)
नाशाः (plural vocative)
नाशासः1 (plural vocative)
नाशम् (accusative singular)
नाशौ (accusative dual)
नाशा1 (accusative dual)
नाशान् (accusative plural)
नाशेन (instrumental singular)
नाशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाशैः (instrumental plural)
नाशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नाशाय (dative singular)
नाशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाशेभ्यः (dative plural)
नाशात् (ablative singular)
नाशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाशस्य (genitive singular)
नाशयोः (dual genitive)
नाशानाम् (genitive plural)
नाशे (locative singular)
नाशयोः (dual locative)
नाशेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: नाश (nāś)

→ Marathi: नाश (nāś)

→ Punjabi: ਨਾਸ (nās)

→ Tamil: நாசம் (nācam)

→ Telugu: నాశము (nāśamu)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *nā́śas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *nā́ćas, from Proto-Indo-European *nóḱ-o-s, from *neḱ- (“to perish, disappear”). Cognate with Ancient Greek νεκρός (nekrós, “dead body”), Middle Welsh angheu (“death”), Breton ankou, Old Irish éc, Latin noxius (“harmful”), Latin nocēre (“to hurt, harm”), Latin nex (“murder, violent death”) (as opposed to mors), Old Persian 𐎻𐎴𐎰𐎹𐎫𐎹 (vi-n-θ-y-t-y /vi-nathayatiy/, “he injures”), Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (nasiieⁱti, “disappears”). See also Sanskrit नशति (naśati, “finds, disappears”) and Sanskrit नाशयति (nāśayati, “to ruin, spoil”).

cog

demolition, ruin, destruction, annihilation


चषक

caṣaka (romanization)
चषकः (nominative singular)
चषकौ (dual nominative)
चषका1 (dual nominative)
चषकाः (nominative plural)
चषकासः1 (nominative plural)
चषक (singular vocative)
चषकौ (dual vocative)
चषका1 (dual vocative)
चषकाः (plural vocative)
चषकासः1 (plural vocative)
चषकम् (accusative singular)
चषकौ (accusative dual)
चषका1 (accusative dual)
चषकान् (accusative plural)
चषकेण (instrumental singular)
चषकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चषकैः (instrumental plural)
चषकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चषकाय (dative singular)
चषकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चषकेभ्यः (dative plural)
चषकात् (ablative singular)
चषकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चषकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चषकस्य (genitive singular)
चषकयोः (dual genitive)
चषकाणाम् (genitive plural)
चषके (locative singular)
चषकयोः (dual locative)
चषकेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: चषक (caṣak)

Urdu: چشك

→ Telugu: చషకము (caṣakamu)

/ˈt͡ɕɐ.ʂɐ.kɐh/

[ˈt͡ɕɐ.ʂɐ.kɐhɐ̆]

From चष् (caṣ, “to eat”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čaš-. Cognate with Persian چاشنی (čâšni, “taste; taste by way of a sample”) whence Turkish çeşni (“flavor, taste”) and Hindustani - Hindi चाशनी (cāśnī, “syrup”) and Urdu چَاشْنی (cāśnī, “syrup”). Georgian ჭაშნიკი (č̣ašniḳi, “gustation of wine”) comes from Old Armenian ճաշակ (čašak), an Iranian borrowing. Also compare Proto-Slavic *čaša, and diminutives such as Russian ча́шка (čáška), Macedonian чашка (čaška).

एषः चषकः लघुः।


न्याय

nyāyá (romanization)
न्यायः (nominative singular)
न्यायौ (dual nominative)
न्याया1 (dual nominative)
न्यायाः (nominative plural)
न्यायासः1 (nominative plural)
न्याय (singular vocative)
न्यायौ (dual vocative)
न्याया1 (dual vocative)
न्यायाः (plural vocative)
न्यायासः1 (plural vocative)
न्यायम् (accusative singular)
न्यायौ (accusative dual)
न्याया1 (accusative dual)
न्यायान् (accusative plural)
न्यायेन (instrumental singular)
न्यायाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
न्यायैः (instrumental plural)
न्यायेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
न्यायाय (dative singular)
न्यायाभ्याम् (dative dual)
न्यायेभ्यः (dative plural)
न्यायात् (ablative singular)
न्यायाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
न्यायेभ्यः (ablative plural)
न्यायस्य (genitive singular)
न्याययोः (dual genitive)
न्यायानाम् (genitive plural)
न्याये (locative singular)
न्याययोः (dual locative)
न्यायेषु (locative plural)

Pali: ñāya

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀬 (ṇāya)

→ Telugu: నాయము (nāyamu)

Punjabi: ਨਿਆਂ (niā̃)

→ Hindi: न्याय (nyāy)

→ Kannada: ನ್ಯಾಯ (nyāya)

→ Malayalam: ന്യായം (nyāyaṁ)

→ Tamil: நியாயம் (niyāyam)

→ Telugu: న్యాయము (nyāyamu)

Literally means "that into which a thing goes back"; ultimately formed from नि (ni, “back, into”) + इ (i, “to go”).

that into which a thing goes back i.e. an original type, standard, method, rule, (esp.) a general or universal rule, model, axiom, system, plan, manner, right or fit manner or way, fitness, propriety

a lawsuit, legal proceeding, judicial sentence, judgement

a logical or syllogistic argument or inference (consisting of a combination of enthymeme and syllogism, and so having, according to the नैयायिकs 5 members, viz. प्रतिज्ञा, हेतु, उदाहरण, उपनय, निगमन, or according to the वेदान्तिन्s 3 members)

a system of philosophy delivered by गोतम or गौतम (it is one of the six दर्शनस् q.v., and is perhaps so called, because it ‘goes into’ all subjects physical and metaphysical according to the above syllogistic method treated of in one division of the system ; its branch is called वैशेषिक)

likeness, analogy, a popular maxim or apposite illustration (cf. काकाक्षि-, घुणाक्षर-, दण्डापूप. &c.)


शव

śáva (romanization)
शवः (nominative singular)
शवौ (dual nominative)
शवा1 (dual nominative)
शवाः (nominative plural)
शवासः1 (nominative plural)
शव (singular vocative)
शवौ (dual vocative)
शवा1 (dual vocative)
शवाः (plural vocative)
शवासः1 (plural vocative)
शवम् (accusative singular)
शवौ (accusative dual)
शवा1 (accusative dual)
शवान् (accusative plural)
शवेन (instrumental singular)
शवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शवैः (instrumental plural)
शवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शवाय (dative singular)
शवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शवेभ्यः (dative plural)
शवात् (ablative singular)
शवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शवस्य (genitive singular)
शवयोः (dual genitive)
शवानाम् (genitive plural)
शवे (locative singular)
शवयोः (dual locative)
शवेषु (locative plural)
शवम् (nominative singular)
शवे (dual nominative)
शवानि (nominative plural)
शवा1 (nominative plural)
शव (singular vocative)
शवे (dual vocative)
शवानि (plural vocative)
शवा1 (plural vocative)
शवम् (accusative singular)
शवे (accusative dual)
शवानि (accusative plural)
शवा1 (accusative plural)
शवेन (instrumental singular)
शवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शवैः (instrumental plural)
शवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शवाय (dative singular)
शवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शवेभ्यः (dative plural)
शवात् (ablative singular)
शवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शवस्य (genitive singular)
शवयोः (dual genitive)
शवानाम् (genitive plural)
शवे (locative singular)
शवयोः (dual locative)
शवेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: শ (xo)

Hindustani: sau

Hindi: सौ

Urdu: سَوْ

Pali: sava

Prakrit: 𑀙𑀯 (chava)

Sinhalese: සවය (sawaya), සැවය (sæwaya)

Punjabi: sivā

Gurmukhi script: ਸਿਵਾ

Shahmukhi script: سِوا

→ Bengali: শব (śobo)

Borrowed from Dravidian, compare Tamil சாவு (cāvu). Traditionally derived from शू (śū, “to swell”).


पथ

pathá (romanization)
पथः (nominative singular)
पथौ (dual nominative)
पथा1 (dual nominative)
पथाः (nominative plural)
पथासः1 (nominative plural)
पथ (singular vocative)
पथौ (dual vocative)
पथा1 (dual vocative)
पथाः (plural vocative)
पथासः1 (plural vocative)
पथम् (accusative singular)
पथौ (accusative dual)
पथा1 (accusative dual)
पथान् (accusative plural)
पथेन (instrumental singular)
पथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पथैः (instrumental plural)
पथेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पथाय (dative singular)
पथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पथेभ्यः (dative plural)
पथात् (ablative singular)
पथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पथस्य (genitive singular)
पथयोः (dual genitive)
पथानाम् (genitive plural)
पथे (locative singular)
पथयोः (dual locative)
पथेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: পথ (poth)

Bengali: পথ (poth)

Gujarati: પથ (path)

Hindi: पथ (path)

→ Kannada: ಪಥ (patha)

Konkani: पथ (path)

→ Malayalam: പഥം (pathaṁ)

Marathi: पथ (path)

Nepali: पथ (path)

Odia: ପଥ (patha)

Pali: patha

Punjabi: ਪਥ (path)

→ Tamil: பாதை (pātai)

→ Telugu: పథము (pathamu)

Urdu: پتھ (path)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *patʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pántaHs, from Proto-Indo-European *pent- (“path”). Cognate with English find and path (an Iranian borrowing).

प्र ते॑ऽरद॒द्वरु॑णो॒ यात॑वे प॒थः सिन्धो॒ यद्वाजाँ॑ अ॒भ्यद्र॑व॒स्त्वम्।
भूम्या॒ अधि॑ प्र॒वता॑ यासि॒ सानु॑ना॒ यदे॑षा॒मग्रं॒ जग॑तामिर॒ज्यसि॑॥
prá teʼradadváruṇo yā́tave patháḥ síndho yádvā́jām̐ abhyádravastvám.
bhū́myā ádhi pravátā yāsi sā́nunā yádeṣāmágraṃ jágatāmirajyási.

For your course, Sindhu, Varuṇa tore open a path, since you hastened towards food; you go by alofty road down upon the earth, by which road you reign in the sight of all worlds.


परिहास

Malayalam: പരിഹാസം (parihāsaṁ)

Tamil: பரிகாசம் (parikācam)

Telugu: పరిహాసం (parihāsaṁ)

/pɐ.ɾiˈɦɑː.s̪ɐ/


विनाश

vināśá (romanization)
विनाशः (nominative singular)
विनाशौ (dual nominative)
विनाशा1 (dual nominative)
विनाशाः (nominative plural)
विनाशासः1 (nominative plural)
विनाश (singular vocative)
विनाशौ (dual vocative)
विनाशा1 (dual vocative)
विनाशाः (plural vocative)
विनाशासः1 (plural vocative)
विनाशम् (accusative singular)
विनाशौ (accusative dual)
विनाशा1 (accusative dual)
विनाशान् (accusative plural)
विनाशेन (instrumental singular)
विनाशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विनाशैः (instrumental plural)
विनाशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
विनाशाय (dative singular)
विनाशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
विनाशेभ्यः (dative plural)
विनाशात् (ablative singular)
विनाशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विनाशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विनाशस्य (genitive singular)
विनाशयोः (dual genitive)
विनाशानाम् (genitive plural)
विनाशे (locative singular)
विनाशयोः (dual locative)
विनाशेषु (locative plural)

Pali: vināsa

Hindi: विनाश (vināś)

Lao: ພິນາດ (phi nāt)

Thai: พินาศ, วินาศ (wí-nâat)

/ʋi.nɑː.ɕɐ́/

/ʋiˈn̪ɑː.ɕɐ/

Compound of वि- (vi-, “apart, away”) + नाश (nāśá, “destruction”)

com+

annihilation, perdition, destruction, decay, death.


प्रतिष्ठा

pratiṣṭhā (romanization)
प्रतिष्ठा (nominative singular)
प्रतिष्ठे (dual nominative)
प्रतिष्ठाः (nominative plural)
प्रतिष्ठे (singular vocative)
प्रतिष्ठे (dual vocative)
प्रतिष्ठाः (plural vocative)
प्रतिष्ठाम् (accusative singular)
प्रतिष्ठे (accusative dual)
प्रतिष्ठाः (accusative plural)
प्रतिष्ठया (instrumental singular)
प्रतिष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रतिष्ठाभिः (instrumental plural)
प्रतिष्ठायै (dative singular)
प्रतिष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रतिष्ठाभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रतिष्ठायाः (ablative singular)
प्रतिष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रतिष्ठाभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रतिष्ठायाः (genitive singular)
प्रतिष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
प्रतिष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रतिष्ठायाम् (locative singular)
प्रतिष्ठयोः (dual locative)
प्रतिष्ठासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of प्रतिष्ठा

प्रतिष्ठाभ्याम्

प्रतिष्ठाभिः

प्रतिष्ठाभ्याम्

प्रतिष्ठाभ्यः

प्रतिष्ठायाः

प्रतिष्ठाभ्याम्

प्रतिष्ठाभ्यः

प्रतिष्ठायाः

प्रतिष्ठानाम्

प्रतिष्ठायाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

प्रतिष्ठायाः

प्रतिष्ठाभ्याम्

प्रतिष्ठाभिः

प्रतिष्ठाभ्याम्

प्रतिष्ठाभ्यः

प्रतिष्ठायाः

प्रतिष्ठाभ्याम्

प्रतिष्ठाभ्यः

प्रतिष्ठायाः

प्रतिष्ठानाम्

प्रतिष्ठायाम्

Pali: patiṭṭhā

desc

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸 (païṭṭhā), 𑀧𑀤𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸 (padiṭṭhā)

Central:

Hindustani: pẽṭh, paĩṭh

Hindi: पेँठ, पैँठ

Hindi: पेँठ, पैँठ

Urdu: پین٘ٹھ, پَیْن٘ٹھ

Urdu: پین٘ٹھ, پَیْن٘ٹھ

Northern:

Nepali: पयेठ (payeṭh), पैंठ (paiṇṭha)

Eastern:

Bengali: পৈঠা (pōiṭha), পইঠে (poiṭhe)

Bihari:

Maithili: पेठि (pēṭhɨ)

Odia: ପଇଠି (paiṭhi)

Western:

Gujarati: પૈંઠ (paiṇṭh)

Southern:

Konkani: pẽṭa

Devanagari script: पेंट

Latin script: pentt

Kannada script: ಪೆಂಟ್

Marathi: पेठ (peṭh), पेँठ (peĕṇṭha)

Sinhalese: පිහිට (pihiṭa)

→ Bengali: প্রতিষ্ঠা (protiśṭha) (learned)

→ Hindustani: pratiṣṭhā

Hindi: प्रतिष्ठा

Hindi: प्रतिष्ठा

Urdu: پرَتِشٹھا

Urdu: پرَتِشٹھا

→ Odia: ପ୍ରତିଷ୍ଠା (pratishṭhā) (learned)

→ Tamil: பிரதிஷ்டை (piratiṣṭai)

/pɾɐ.tiʂ.ʈʰɑː/

/pɾɐˈt̪iʂ.ʈʰɑː/

performance of any ceremony or any solemn act, any ceremony for obtaining supernatural or magical powers

eminence, dignity, status, celebrity, rank


आशीर्वाद

sa-noun

आशीर्वाद • (āśīrvāda) stem, m

→ Bengali: আশীর্বাদ (aśirbad)

→ Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: आशीर्वाद (āśīrvād)

Hindi: आशीर्वाद (āśīrvād)

Urdu: آشیرواد (āśervād), آشيرباد (āśīrbād)

→ Kannada: ಆಶೀರ್ವಾದ (āśīrvāda)

→ Marathi: आशीर्वाद (āśīrvād)

→ Marathi: आशीर्वाद (āśīrvād)

→ Tamil: ஆசீர்வாதம் (ācīrvātam)

→ Tamil: ஆசீர்வாதம் (ācīrvātam)

→ Tocharian B: āśirvāt

/ɑː.ɕiːɾ.ʋɑː.dɐ/

/ɑː.ɕiːɾˈʋɑː.d̪ɐ/

आशिस् (āśis, “blessing”) + वाद (vāda, “statement”). The first part is cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬴𐬌 (aṣ̌i, “blessing”).


विचार

vicāra (romanization)
विचारः (nominative singular)
विचारौ (dual nominative)
विचाराः (nominative plural)
विचार (singular vocative)
विचारौ (dual vocative)
विचाराः (plural vocative)
विचारम् (accusative singular)
विचारौ (accusative dual)
विचारान् (accusative plural)
विचारेन (instrumental singular)
विचाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विचारैः (instrumental plural)
विचाराय (dative singular)
विचाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
विचारेभ्यः (dative plural)
विचारात् (ablative singular)
विचाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विचारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विचारस्य (genitive singular)
विचारयोः (dual genitive)
विचारानाम् (genitive plural)
विचारे (locative singular)
विचारयोः (dual locative)
विचारेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of विचार

विचाराभ्याम्

विचाराभ्याम्

विचाराभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

विचाराभ्याम्

विचाराभ्याम्

विचाराभ्याम्

Pali: vicāra

Lao: ວິຈານ (wi chān)

Thai: วิจารณ์ (wí-jaan)

→ Gujarati: વિચાર (vicār) (learned)

→ Hindi: विचार (vicār) (learned)

→ Marathi: विचार (vicār) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਵਿਚਾਰ (vicār) (learned)

→ Tamil: விசாரணை (vicāraṇai)

→ Telugu: విచారము (vicāramu)

thought, idea, consideration, deliberation

investigation, deliberation, discussion, conjecture


प्रस्ताव

prastāva (romanization)
प्रस्तावः (nominative singular)
प्रस्तावौ (dual nominative)
प्रस्तावाः (nominative plural)
प्रस्ताव (singular vocative)
प्रस्तावौ (dual vocative)
प्रस्तावाः (plural vocative)
प्रस्तावम् (accusative singular)
प्रस्तावौ (accusative dual)
प्रस्तावान् (accusative plural)
प्रस्तावेन (instrumental singular)
प्रस्तावाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रस्तावैः (instrumental plural)
प्रस्तावाय (dative singular)
प्रस्तावाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रस्तावेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रस्तावात् (ablative singular)
प्रस्तावाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रस्तावेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रस्तावस्य (genitive singular)
प्रस्तावयोः (dual genitive)
प्रस्तावानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रस्तावे (locative singular)
प्रस्तावयोः (dual locative)
प्रस्तावेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of प्रस्ताव

प्रस्तावाभ्याम्

प्रस्तावाभ्याम्

प्रस्तावेभ्यः

प्रस्तावाभ्याम्

प्रस्तावेभ्यः

प्रस्तावानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

प्रस्तावाभ्याम्

प्रस्तावाभ्याम्

प्रस्तावेभ्यः

प्रस्तावाभ्याम्

प्रस्तावेभ्यः

प्रस्तावानाम्

the occasion or subject of a conversation


निर्णय

nirṇaya (romanization)
निर्णयः (nominative singular)
निर्णयौ (dual nominative)
निर्णयाः (nominative plural)
निर्णय (singular vocative)
निर्णयौ (dual vocative)
निर्णयाः (plural vocative)
निर्णयम् (accusative singular)
निर्णयौ (accusative dual)
निर्णयान् (accusative plural)
निर्णयेण (instrumental singular)
निर्णयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
निर्णयैः (instrumental plural)
निर्णयाय (dative singular)
निर्णयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
निर्णयेभ्यः (dative plural)
निर्णयात् (ablative singular)
निर्णयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
निर्णयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
निर्णयस्य (genitive singular)
निर्णययोः (dual genitive)
निर्णयाणाम् (genitive plural)
निर्णये (locative singular)
निर्णययोः (dual locative)
निर्णयेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of निर्णय

निर्णयाभ्याम्

निर्णयाभ्याम्

निर्णयाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

निर्णयाभ्याम्

निर्णयाभ्याम्

निर्णयाभ्याम्

From the root निर्णी (nirṇī, “to take away, to lead; to find, to ascertain”), which is from निस् (nis, “out, forth, away”) + नी (nī, “to lead”).


भविष्य

bhaviṣya (romanization)
भविष्यम् (nominative singular)
भविष्ये (dual nominative)
भविष्याणि (nominative plural)
भविष्या1 (nominative plural)
भविष्य (singular vocative)
भविष्ये (dual vocative)
भविष्याणि (plural vocative)
भविष्या1 (plural vocative)
भविष्यम् (accusative singular)
भविष्ये (accusative dual)
भविष्याणि (accusative plural)
भविष्या1 (accusative plural)
भविष्येण (instrumental singular)
भविष्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भविष्यैः (instrumental plural)
भविष्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भविष्याय (dative singular)
भविष्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
भविष्येभ्यः (dative plural)
भविष्यात् (ablative singular)
भविष्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भविष्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
भविष्यस्य (genitive singular)
भविष्ययोः (dual genitive)
भविष्याणाम् (genitive plural)
भविष्ये (locative singular)
भविष्ययोः (dual locative)
भविष्येषु (locative plural)

desc

→ Bengali: ভবিষ্যৎ (bhobiśśot) (learned)

→ Hindi: भविष्य (bhaviṣya) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಭವಿಷ್ಯ (bhaviṣya) (learned)

→ Malayalam: ഭവിഷ്യത്ത് (bhaviṣyattŭ) (learned)

→ Marathi: भविष्य (bhaviṣya) (learned)

→ Odia: ଭବିଷ୍ୟତ (bhabishyata) (learned)

→ Telugu: భవిష్యత్తు (bhaviṣyattu) (learned)

/bʱɐˈʋiʂ.jɐ/

Back-formation from भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati).


परीक्षा

parīkṣā (romanization)
परीक्षा (nominative singular)
परीक्षे (dual nominative)
परीक्षाः (nominative plural)
परीक्षे (singular vocative)
परीक्षे (dual vocative)
परीक्षाः (plural vocative)
परीक्षाम् (accusative singular)
परीक्षे (accusative dual)
परीक्षाः (accusative plural)
परीक्षया (instrumental singular)
परीक्षा1 (instrumental singular)
परीक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परीक्षाभिः (instrumental plural)
परीक्षायै (dative singular)
परीक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
परीक्षाभ्यः (dative plural)
परीक्षायाः (ablative singular)
परीक्षायै2 (ablative singular)
परीक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
परीक्षाभ्यः (ablative plural)
परीक्षायाः (genitive singular)
परीक्षायै2 (genitive singular)
परीक्षयोः (dual genitive)
परीक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
परीक्षायाम् (locative singular)
परीक्षयोः (dual locative)
परीक्षासु (locative plural)

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ਪਰੀਖਿਆ (parīkhiā)

Punjabi: ਪਰਖ (parakh), ਪਰੀਖਿਆ (parīkhiā)

→ Bengali: পরীক্ষা (porikkha)

→ Hindi: परीक्षा (parīkṣā)

→ Khmer: បរីក្សា (paʼreksaa)

desctree

→ Malay: periksa
> Indonesian: periksa (inherited)
→ Tagalog: paligsa

→ Old Javanese: parīkṣa
> Javanese: ꦥꦫꦶꦏ꧀ꦱ (pariksa) (inherited)

desc

→ Tamil: பரீட்சை (parīṭcai), பரிட்சை (pariṭcai)

→ Telugu: పరీక్ష (parīkṣa)

/pɐˈɾiːk.ʂɑː/

inspection, investigation, examination, test, trial by ordeal of various kinds


ताप

tāpá (romanization)
तापः (nominative singular)
तापौ (dual nominative)
तापा1 (dual nominative)
तापाः (nominative plural)
तापासः1 (nominative plural)
ताप (singular vocative)
तापौ (dual vocative)
तापा1 (dual vocative)
तापाः (plural vocative)
तापासः1 (plural vocative)
तापम् (accusative singular)
तापौ (accusative dual)
तापा1 (accusative dual)
तापान् (accusative plural)
तापेन (instrumental singular)
तापाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तापैः (instrumental plural)
तापेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तापाय (dative singular)
तापाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तापेभ्यः (dative plural)
तापात् (ablative singular)
तापाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तापेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तापस्य (genitive singular)
तापयोः (dual genitive)
तापानाम् (genitive plural)
तापे (locative singular)
तापयोः (dual locative)
तापेषु (locative plural)

Pali: tāpa

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tāpás, from Proto-Indo-European *tep-os. The Sanskrit root is तप् (tap).

inh+

heat, pain, torment (mental and bodily), sorrow, affliction


अन्ति

anti (romanization)
अन्तिः (nominative singular)
अन्ती (dual nominative)
अन्तयः (nominative plural)
अन्ते (singular vocative)
अन्ती (dual vocative)
अन्तयः (plural vocative)
अन्तिम् (accusative singular)
अन्ती (accusative dual)
अन्तीः (accusative plural)
अन्त्या (instrumental singular)
अन्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अन्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
अन्त्यै (dative singular)
अन्तये (dative singular)
अन्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अन्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
अन्त्याः (ablative singular)
अन्तेः (ablative singular)
अन्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अन्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अन्त्याः (genitive singular)
अन्तेः (genitive singular)
अन्त्योः (dual genitive)
अन्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
अन्त्याम् (locative singular)
अन्तौ (locative singular)
अन्त्योः (dual locative)
अन्तिषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine i-stem declension of अन्ति

अन्त्यै / अन्तये

अन्त्याः / अन्तेः

अन्त्याः / अन्तेः

अन्त्याम् / अन्तौ

sa-decl-noun/cell

अन्त्याः / अन्तेः

अन्त्यै / अन्तये

अन्त्याः / अन्तेः

अन्त्याः / अन्तेः

अन्त्याम् / अन्तौ


पाटल

pāṭalá (romanization)
पाटलम् (nominative singular)
पाटले (dual nominative)
पाटलानि (nominative plural)
पाटला1 (nominative plural)
पाटल (singular vocative)
पाटले (dual vocative)
पाटलानि (plural vocative)
पाटला1 (plural vocative)
पाटलम् (accusative singular)
पाटले (accusative dual)
पाटलानि (accusative plural)
पाटला1 (accusative plural)
पाटलेन (instrumental singular)
पाटलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पाटलैः (instrumental plural)
पाटलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पाटलाय (dative singular)
पाटलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पाटलेभ्यः (dative plural)
पाटलात् (ablative singular)
पाटलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पाटलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पाटलस्य (genitive singular)
पाटलयोः (dual genitive)
पाटलानाम् (genitive plural)
पाटले (locative singular)
पाटलयोः (dual locative)
पाटलेषु (locative plural)

/pɑː.ʈɐ.lɐ́/

/ˈpɑː.ʈɐ.l̪ɐ/


पाटल

pāṭalá (romanization)
पाटलः (nominative singular)
पाटलौ (dual nominative)
पाटला1 (dual nominative)
पाटलाः (nominative plural)
पाटलासः1 (nominative plural)
पाटल (singular vocative)
पाटलौ (dual vocative)
पाटला1 (dual vocative)
पाटलाः (plural vocative)
पाटलासः1 (plural vocative)
पाटलम् (accusative singular)
पाटलौ (accusative dual)
पाटला1 (accusative dual)
पाटलान् (accusative plural)
पाटलेन (instrumental singular)
पाटलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पाटलैः (instrumental plural)
पाटलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पाटलाय (dative singular)
पाटलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पाटलेभ्यः (dative plural)
पाटलात् (ablative singular)
पाटलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पाटलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पाटलस्य (genitive singular)
पाटलयोः (dual genitive)
पाटलानाम् (genitive plural)
पाटले (locative singular)
पाटलयोः (dual locative)
पाटलेषु (locative plural)

/pɑː.ʈɐ.lɐ́/

/ˈpɑː.ʈɐ.l̪ɐ/

a tree that bears trumpet flowers (Stereospermum chelonoides)


पण्यशाला

sa-noun

पण्यशाला • (paṇyaśālā) stem, f

paṇyaśālā (romanization)
पण्यशाला (nominative singular)
पण्यशाले (dual nominative)
पण्यशालाः (nominative plural)
पण्यशाले (singular vocative)
पण्यशाले (dual vocative)
पण्यशालाः (plural vocative)
पण्यशालाम् (accusative singular)
पण्यशाले (accusative dual)
पण्यशालाः (accusative plural)
पण्यशालया (instrumental singular)
पण्यशालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पण्यशालाभिः (instrumental plural)
पण्यशालायै (dative singular)
पण्यशालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पण्यशालाभ्यः (dative plural)
पण्यशालायाः (ablative singular)
पण्यशालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पण्यशालाभ्यः (ablative plural)
पण्यशालायाः (genitive singular)
पण्यशालयोः (dual genitive)
पण्यशालानाम् (genitive plural)
पण्यशालायाम् (locative singular)
पण्यशालयोः (dual locative)
पण्यशालासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of पण्यशाला

पण्यशालाभ्याम्

पण्यशालाभ्याम्

पण्यशालाभ्यः

पण्यशालाभ्याम्

पण्यशालाभ्यः

पण्यशालानाम्

पण्यशालायाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

पण्यशालाभ्याम्

पण्यशालाभ्याम्

पण्यशालाभ्यः

पण्यशालाभ्याम्

पण्यशालाभ्यः

पण्यशालानाम्

पण्यशालायाम्

Tamil: பண்ணியசாலை (paṇṇiyacālai)

From पण्य (paṇya, “ware, commodity”) + शाला (śālā, “house, abode”).


शिल्पशाला

sa-noun

शिल्पशाला • (śilpaśālā) stem, f

śilpaśālā (romanization)
शिल्पशाला (nominative singular)
शिल्पशाले (dual nominative)
शिल्पशालाः (nominative plural)
शिल्पशाले (singular vocative)
शिल्पशाले (dual vocative)
शिल्पशालाः (plural vocative)
शिल्पशालाम् (accusative singular)
शिल्पशाले (accusative dual)
शिल्पशालाः (accusative plural)
शिल्पशालया (instrumental singular)
शिल्पशालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिल्पशालाभिः (instrumental plural)
शिल्पशालायै (dative singular)
शिल्पशालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिल्पशालाभ्यः (dative plural)
शिल्पशालायाः (ablative singular)
शिल्पशालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिल्पशालाभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिल्पशालायाः (genitive singular)
शिल्पशालयोः (dual genitive)
शिल्पशालानाम् (genitive plural)
शिल्पशालायाम् (locative singular)
शिल्पशालयोः (dual locative)
शिल्पशालासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of शिल्पशाला

शिल्पशालाभ्याम्

शिल्पशालाभिः

शिल्पशालाभ्याम्

शिल्पशालाभ्यः

शिल्पशालायाः

शिल्पशालाभ्याम्

शिल्पशालाभ्यः

शिल्पशालायाः

शिल्पशालानाम्

शिल्पशालायाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

शिल्पशालायाः

शिल्पशालाभ्याम्

शिल्पशालाभिः

शिल्पशालाभ्याम्

शिल्पशालाभ्यः

शिल्पशालायाः

शिल्पशालाभ्याम्

शिल्पशालाभ्यः

शिल्पशालायाः

शिल्पशालानाम्

शिल्पशालायाम्

From शिल्प (śilpa, “craft, artifact”) + शाला (śālā, “house, abode”).


श्मशान

sa-noun

श्मशान • (śmaśāná) stem, n

śmaśāná (romanization)
श्मशानम् (nominative singular)
श्मशाने (dual nominative)
श्मशानानि (nominative plural)
श्मशाना1 (nominative plural)
श्मशान (singular vocative)
श्मशाने (dual vocative)
श्मशानानि (plural vocative)
श्मशाना1 (plural vocative)
श्मशानम् (accusative singular)
श्मशाने (accusative dual)
श्मशानानि (accusative plural)
श्मशाना1 (accusative plural)
श्मशानेन (instrumental singular)
श्मशानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्मशानैः (instrumental plural)
श्मशानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्मशानाय (dative singular)
श्मशानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्मशानेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्मशानात् (ablative singular)
श्मशानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्मशानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्मशानस्य (genitive singular)
श्मशानयोः (dual genitive)
श्मशानानाम् (genitive plural)
श्मशाने (locative singular)
श्मशानयोः (dual locative)
श्मशानेषु (locative plural)

Pali: susāna (see there for further descendants)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀲𑀸𑀡 (masāṇa), 𑀫𑀰𑀸𑀡 (maśāṇa) — Māgadhī, 𑀲𑀼𑀲𑀸𑀡 (susāṇa) — Ardhamāgadhī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

→ Bengali: শ্মশান (śmośan) (learned)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: श्मशान (śmaśān)

Urdu: شمشان

→ Malayalam: ശ്മശാനം (śmaśānaṁ)

→ Telugu: శ్మశానము (śmaśānamu)

/ɕmɐ.ɕɑː.nɐ́/

/ɕmɐˈɕɑː.n̪ɐ/

Of unclear origin. Theories taking the term as an aphetic derivative of अश्मन् (áśman, “stone, firmament”) or शी (śī, “to lie down”) are semantically and morphologically dubious, as are theories deriving the word from a phrase *श्मशारु रुधत् (śmaśāru rudhat, “the beard will keep off”) or the syllable *शान (śāna) from शा (śā, “to regale, sharpen”).


कारागार

sa-noun

कारागार • (kārāgārá) stem, n

kārāgārá (romanization)
कारागारम् (nominative singular)
कारागारे (dual nominative)
कारागाराणि (nominative plural)
कारागारा1 (nominative plural)
कारागार (singular vocative)
कारागारे (dual vocative)
कारागाराणि (plural vocative)
कारागारा1 (plural vocative)
कारागारम् (accusative singular)
कारागारे (accusative dual)
कारागाराणि (accusative plural)
कारागारा1 (accusative plural)
कारागारेण (instrumental singular)
कारागाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कारागारैः (instrumental plural)
कारागारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कारागाराय (dative singular)
कारागाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कारागारेभ्यः (dative plural)
कारागारात् (ablative singular)
कारागाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कारागारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कारागारस्य (genitive singular)
कारागारयोः (dual genitive)
कारागाराणाम् (genitive plural)
कारागारे (locative singular)
कारागारयोः (dual locative)
कारागारेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: कारागार (kārāgār)

Urdu: کاراگار (kārāgār)

→ Telugu: కారాగారము (kārāgāramu)

/kɑː.ɾɑː.ɡɑː.ɾɐ́/

/kɑː.ɾɑːˈɡɑː.ɾɐ/

Compounded from कारा (kārā, “imprisonment”) + आगार (āgāra, “place”).


लक्ष्य

lakṣya (romanization)
लक्ष्यम् (nominative singular)
लक्ष्ये (dual nominative)
लक्ष्याणि (nominative plural)
लक्ष्या1 (nominative plural)
लक्ष्य (singular vocative)
लक्ष्ये (dual vocative)
लक्ष्याणि (plural vocative)
लक्ष्या1 (plural vocative)
लक्ष्यम् (accusative singular)
लक्ष्ये (accusative dual)
लक्ष्याणि (accusative plural)
लक्ष्या1 (accusative plural)
लक्ष्येण (instrumental singular)
लक्ष्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लक्ष्यैः (instrumental plural)
लक्ष्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लक्ष्याय (dative singular)
लक्ष्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
लक्ष्येभ्यः (dative plural)
लक्ष्यात् (ablative singular)
लक्ष्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लक्ष्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
लक्ष्यस्य (genitive singular)
लक्ष्ययोः (dual genitive)
लक्ष्याणाम् (genitive plural)
लक्ष्ये (locative singular)
लक्ष्ययोः (dual locative)
लक्ष्येषु (locative plural)


लक्ष्य

lakṣya (romanization)
लक्ष्यम् (nominative singular)
लक्ष्ये (dual nominative)
लक्ष्याणि (nominative plural)
लक्ष्या1 (nominative plural)
लक्ष्य (singular vocative)
लक्ष्ये (dual vocative)
लक्ष्याणि (plural vocative)
लक्ष्या1 (plural vocative)
लक्ष्यम् (accusative singular)
लक्ष्ये (accusative dual)
लक्ष्याणि (accusative plural)
लक्ष्या1 (accusative plural)
लक्ष्येण (instrumental singular)
लक्ष्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लक्ष्यैः (instrumental plural)
लक्ष्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लक्ष्याय (dative singular)
लक्ष्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
लक्ष्येभ्यः (dative plural)
लक्ष्यात् (ablative singular)
लक्ष्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लक्ष्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
लक्ष्यस्य (genitive singular)
लक्ष्ययोः (dual genitive)
लक्ष्याणाम् (genitive plural)
लक्ष्ये (locative singular)
लक्ष्ययोः (dual locative)
लक्ष्येषु (locative plural)
लक्ष्यः (nominative singular)
लक्ष्यौ (dual nominative)
लक्ष्या1 (dual nominative)
लक्ष्याः (nominative plural)
लक्ष्यासः1 (nominative plural)
लक्ष्य (singular vocative)
लक्ष्यौ (dual vocative)
लक्ष्या1 (dual vocative)
लक्ष्याः (plural vocative)
लक्ष्यासः1 (plural vocative)
लक्ष्यम् (accusative singular)
लक्ष्यौ (accusative dual)
लक्ष्या1 (accusative dual)
लक्ष्यान् (accusative plural)
लक्ष्येण (instrumental singular)
लक्ष्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लक्ष्यैः (instrumental plural)
लक्ष्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लक्ष्याय (dative singular)
लक्ष्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
लक्ष्येभ्यः (dative plural)
लक्ष्यात् (ablative singular)
लक्ष्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लक्ष्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
लक्ष्यस्य (genitive singular)
लक्ष्ययोः (dual genitive)
लक्ष्याणाम् (genitive plural)
लक्ष्ये (locative singular)
लक्ष्ययोः (dual locative)
लक्ष्येषु (locative plural)


लक्ष्य

→ Hindi: लक्ष्य (lakṣya)

→ Malayalam: ലക്ഷ്യം (lakṣyaṁ)

→ Marathi: लक्ष्य (lakṣya)


श्यामा

sa-noun

श्यामा • (śyāmā) stem, f

śyāmā (romanization)
श्यामा (nominative singular)
श्यामे (dual nominative)
श्यामाः (nominative plural)
श्यामे (singular vocative)
श्यामे (dual vocative)
श्यामाः (plural vocative)
श्यामाम् (accusative singular)
श्यामे (accusative dual)
श्यामाः (accusative plural)
श्यामया (instrumental singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्यामाभिः (instrumental plural)
श्यामायै (dative singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्यामाभ्यः (dative plural)
श्यामायाः (ablative singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्यामाभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्यामायाः (genitive singular)
श्यामयोः (dual genitive)
श्यामानाम् (genitive plural)
श्यामायाम् (locative singular)
श्यामयोः (dual locative)
श्यामासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of श्यामा

श्यामाभ्याम्

श्यामाभ्याम्

श्यामाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

श्यामाभ्याम्

श्यामाभ्याम्

श्यामाभ्याम्

name of several plants, particularly the indigo plant


हास्य

hāsya (romanization)
हास्यः (nominative singular)
हास्यौ (dual nominative)
हास्या1 (dual nominative)
हास्याः (nominative plural)
हास्यासः1 (nominative plural)
हास्य (singular vocative)
हास्यौ (dual vocative)
हास्या1 (dual vocative)
हास्याः (plural vocative)
हास्यासः1 (plural vocative)
हास्यम् (accusative singular)
हास्यौ (accusative dual)
हास्या1 (accusative dual)
हास्यान् (accusative plural)
हास्येन (instrumental singular)
हास्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हास्यैः (instrumental plural)
हास्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हास्याय (dative singular)
हास्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
हास्येभ्यः (dative plural)
हास्यात् (ablative singular)
हास्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हास्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
हास्यस्य (genitive singular)
हास्ययोः (dual genitive)
हास्यानाम् (genitive plural)
हास्ये (locative singular)
हास्ययोः (dual locative)
हास्येषु (locative plural)

Vrddhi derivative of हस् (has, root) with a -य (-ya) extension.


हास्य

hāsya (romanization)
हास्यम् (nominative singular)
हास्ये (dual nominative)
हास्यानि (nominative plural)
हास्या1 (nominative plural)
हास्य (singular vocative)
हास्ये (dual vocative)
हास्यानि (plural vocative)
हास्या1 (plural vocative)
हास्यम् (accusative singular)
हास्ये (accusative dual)
हास्यानि (accusative plural)
हास्या1 (accusative plural)
हास्येन (instrumental singular)
हास्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हास्यैः (instrumental plural)
हास्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हास्याय (dative singular)
हास्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
हास्येभ्यः (dative plural)
हास्यात् (ablative singular)
हास्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हास्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
हास्यस्य (genitive singular)
हास्ययोः (dual genitive)
हास्यानाम् (genitive plural)
हास्ये (locative singular)
हास्ययोः (dual locative)
हास्येषु (locative plural)


लोचन

locana (romanization)
लोचनम् (nominative singular)
लोचने (dual nominative)
लोचनानि (nominative plural)
लोचन (singular vocative)
लोचने (dual vocative)
लोचनानि (plural vocative)
लोचनम् (accusative singular)
लोचने (accusative dual)
लोचनानि (accusative plural)
लोचनेन (instrumental singular)
लोचनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोचनैः (instrumental plural)
लोचनाय (dative singular)
लोचनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोचनेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोचनात् (ablative singular)
लोचनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोचनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोचनस्य (genitive singular)
लोचनयोः (dual genitive)
लोचनानाम् (genitive plural)
लोचने (locative singular)
लोचनयोः (dual locative)
लोचनेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">लोचन</i>

→ Bengali: লোচন (lōcon)

→ Odia: ଲୋଚନ (lōcånå)

/ˈl̪oː.t͡ɕɐ.n̪ɐ/

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“to see”). Cognate with Welsh llygad. The Sanskrit root is लोच् (loc).


हानि

→ Telugu: హాని (hāni)

From the root हा (hā, “to be empty, abandoned”).

(accord. to some fr. √ हन्) abandonment, relinquishment

damage, loss, failure (also in a lawsuit), ruin

insufficiency, deficit, a minus ĀṡvGṛ. MBh. cessation, disappearance, non-existence