घटना

ghaṭanā (romanization)
घटना (nominative singular)
घटने (dual nominative)
घटनाः (nominative plural)
घटने (singular vocative)
घटने (dual vocative)
घटनाः (plural vocative)
घटनाम् (accusative singular)
घटने (accusative dual)
घटनाः (accusative plural)
घटनया (instrumental singular)
घटनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घटनाभिः (instrumental plural)
घटनायै (dative singular)
घटनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घटनाभ्यः (dative plural)
घटनायाः (ablative singular)
घटनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घटनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
घटनायाः (genitive singular)
घटनयोः (dual genitive)
घटनानाम् (genitive plural)
घटनायाम् (locative singular)
घटनयोः (dual locative)
घटनासु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: ঘটনা (ghôṭôna) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: घटना (ghaṭnā)

Urdu: گَھٹْنَا (ghaṭnā)

desc

→ Telugu: ఘటన (ghaṭana), ఘటనము (ghaṭanamu)

→ Punjabi: (learned)

Gurmukhi script: ਘਟਨਾ (ghaṭnā)

Shahmukhi script: گَھٹْنَا (ghaṭnā)

/ˈɡʱɐ.ʈɐ.n̪ɑː/

Feminine form of घटन (ghaṭana, “connection or union with”).

exertion, motion, acting, manner of acting

striving after, being occupied or busy with

taking effect, answering, accomplishment

happening, occurring, occurrence, event, incident, phenomenon


शाब्दिक

śābdiká (romanization)
शाब्दिकः (nominative singular)
शाब्दिकौ (dual nominative)
शाब्दिका1 (dual nominative)
शाब्दिकाः (nominative plural)
शाब्दिकासः1 (nominative plural)
शाब्दिक (singular vocative)
शाब्दिकौ (dual vocative)
शाब्दिका1 (dual vocative)
शाब्दिकाः (plural vocative)
शाब्दिकासः1 (plural vocative)
शाब्दिकम् (accusative singular)
शाब्दिकौ (accusative dual)
शाब्दिका1 (accusative dual)
शाब्दिकान् (accusative plural)
शाब्दिकेन (instrumental singular)
शाब्दिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शाब्दिकैः (instrumental plural)
शाब्दिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शाब्दिकाय (dative singular)
शाब्दिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शाब्दिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
शाब्दिकात् (ablative singular)
शाब्दिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शाब्दिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शाब्दिकस्य (genitive singular)
शाब्दिकयोः (dual genitive)
शाब्दिकानाम् (genitive plural)
शाब्दिके (locative singular)
शाब्दिकयोः (dual locative)
शाब्दिकेषु (locative plural)

conversant with words, a grammarian, lexicographer


शासन

śāsana (romanization)
शासनम् (nominative singular)
शासने (dual nominative)
शासनानि (nominative plural)
शासना1 (nominative plural)
शासन (singular vocative)
शासने (dual vocative)
शासनानि (plural vocative)
शासना1 (plural vocative)
शासनम् (accusative singular)
शासने (accusative dual)
शासनानि (accusative plural)
शासना1 (accusative plural)
शासनेन (instrumental singular)
शासनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शासनैः (instrumental plural)
शासनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शासनाय (dative singular)
शासनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शासनेभ्यः (dative plural)
शासनात् (ablative singular)
शासनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शासनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शासनस्य (genitive singular)
शासनयोः (dual genitive)
शासनानाम् (genitive plural)
शासने (locative singular)
शासनयोः (dual locative)
शासनेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀡 (sāsaṇa)

Central:

Hindustani: sāsan

Hindi: सासन

Urdu: ساسَن

Eastern:

Assamese: সাহোন (xahün)

Southern:

Sinhalese: සසුන් (sasun), හසුන් (hasun), අසුන (asuna)

Western:

Gujarati: સાંસણી (sā̃sṇī)

→ Marathi: शासन (śāsan)

→ Gujarati: શાસન (śāsan)

→ Hindi: शासन (śāsan)

→ Classical Mongolian: ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ (šasin)

Mongolian: ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ (šasin), шашин (šašin)

→ Southern Altai: шајын (šaǰïn)

→ Tuvan: шажын (şajın)

→ Buryat: ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ (šasin), шажан (šažan)

→ Old Javanese: śāsana

→ Malayalam: ശാസനം (śāsanaṁ)

→ Odia: ଶାସନ (śāsana)

desctree

Pali: sāsana
→ Burmese: သာသနာ (sasa.na)
→ Malay: sasana
→ Indonesian: sasana
→ Khmer: សាសនា (saasnaa)
→ Lao: ສາດສະໜາ (sāt sa nā)
→ Mon: သာသၞာ
→ Shan: သႃႇသၼႃႇ (sàa sǎ nàa)
→ Thai: ศาสนา (sàat-sà-nǎa)

→ Tamil: சாசனம் (cācaṉam)

/ˈɕɑː.s̪ɐ.n̪ɐ/

From the root शास् (śās, “to order, command, direct”).


उपसर्ग

upasarga (romanization)
उपसर्गः (nominative singular)
उपसर्गौ (dual nominative)
उपसर्गा1 (dual nominative)
उपसर्गाः (nominative plural)
उपसर्गासः1 (nominative plural)
उपसर्ग (singular vocative)
उपसर्गौ (dual vocative)
उपसर्गा1 (dual vocative)
उपसर्गाः (plural vocative)
उपसर्गासः1 (plural vocative)
उपसर्गम् (accusative singular)
उपसर्गौ (accusative dual)
उपसर्गा1 (accusative dual)
उपसर्गान् (accusative plural)
उपसर्गेण (instrumental singular)
उपसर्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उपसर्गैः (instrumental plural)
उपसर्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उपसर्गाय (dative singular)
उपसर्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उपसर्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
उपसर्गात् (ablative singular)
उपसर्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उपसर्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उपसर्गस्य (genitive singular)
उपसर्गयोः (dual genitive)
उपसर्गाणाम् (genitive plural)
उपसर्गे (locative singular)
उपसर्गयोः (dual locative)
उपसर्गेषु (locative plural)

→ Old Javanese: upasarga

/u.pɐˈs̪ɐɾ.ɡɐ/

A nipāta (particle) with prepositional and/or adverbial force canonically prefixable to verbs or nouns, of which there are formally twenty or so, and in contrast to gati and cvi prefixes.

(in relation to the Veda) a separable preverb

अति (áti), अधि (ádhi), अभि (abhí), आ (ā́), अनु (ánu),अव (áva), अप (ápa), अपि (ápi), उप (úpa), उद्- (ud), वि (ví), सम् (sám), प्र- (prá), परि (pári),परा (párā), प्रति (práti), नि (ní), निस् (nís), सु (sú), दुस् (dus), अन्तर् (antár), अच्छ (áccha, ácchā)

प्रति प्रति#Sanskrit

अन्तर् अन्तर्#Sanskrit


रहस्य

rahasya (romanization)
रहस्यम् (nominative singular)
रहस्ये (dual nominative)
रहस्यानि (nominative plural)
रहस्या1 (nominative plural)
रहस्य (singular vocative)
रहस्ये (dual vocative)
रहस्यानि (plural vocative)
रहस्या1 (plural vocative)
रहस्यम् (accusative singular)
रहस्ये (accusative dual)
रहस्यानि (accusative plural)
रहस्या1 (accusative plural)
रहस्येन (instrumental singular)
रहस्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रहस्यैः (instrumental plural)
रहस्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रहस्याय (dative singular)
रहस्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
रहस्येभ्यः (dative plural)
रहस्यात् (ablative singular)
रहस्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रहस्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
रहस्यस्य (genitive singular)
रहस्ययोः (dual genitive)
रहस्यानाम् (genitive plural)
रहस्ये (locative singular)
रहस्ययोः (dual locative)
रहस्येषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: রহস্য (rohośśo)

Pali: rahassa

→ Thai: รหัส (rá-hàt)

→ Hindi: रहस्य (rahasya)

→ Kannada: ರಹಸ್ಯ (rahasya)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀭𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (rahassa)

→ Marathi: रहस्य (rahasya)

→ Malay: rahsia

→ Indonesian: rahasia

→ Malayalam: രഹസ്യം (rahasyaṁ)

→ Tamil: ரகசியம் (rakaciyam)

→ Telugu: రహస్యము (rahasyamu)

/ɾɐˈɦɐs̪.jɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *raȷ́ʰ- (“secret, mystery; to abandon”), with further origin uncertain. Mayrhofer tentatively derived the root from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lay”) originally, but later doubts this derivation. Cognate with Persian راز (râz). Also related to रहति (rahati, “to abandon”). The Sanskrit root is रह् (rah).

inh

a secret, any secret doctrine or mystery, any subtle or recondite point, mystical or esoteric teaching


कविता

kavitā (romanization)
कविता (nominative singular)
कविते (dual nominative)
कविताः (nominative plural)
कविते (singular vocative)
कविते (dual vocative)
कविताः (plural vocative)
कविताम् (accusative singular)
कविते (accusative dual)
कविताः (accusative plural)
कवितया (instrumental singular)
कविता1 (instrumental singular)
कविताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कविताभिः (instrumental plural)
कवितायै (dative singular)
कविताभ्याम् (dative dual)
कविताभ्यः (dative plural)
कवितायाः (ablative singular)
कवितायै2 (ablative singular)
कविताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कविताभ्यः (ablative plural)
कवितायाः (genitive singular)
कवितायै2 (genitive singular)
कवितयोः (dual genitive)
कवितानाम् (genitive plural)
कवितायाम् (locative singular)
कवितयोः (dual locative)
कवितासु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: কবিতা (kobita)

Chakma: 𑄇𑄧𑄝𑄨𑄖 (kabitā)

→ Hindi: कविता (kavitā)

→ Marathi: कविता (kavitā)

Odia: କବିତା (kabitā)

→ Punjabi: ਕਵਿਤਾ (kavitā)

→ Malayalam: കവിത (kavita)

→ Tamil: கவிதை (kavitai)

poetry, ornate style (whether of verse or prose)


સંસ્કૃત

संस्कृत संस्कृत#Sanskrit


व्यक्ति

vyakti (romanization)
व्यक्तिः (nominative singular)
व्यक्ती (dual nominative)
व्यक्तयः (nominative plural)
व्यक्ते (singular vocative)
व्यक्ती (dual vocative)
व्यक्तयः (plural vocative)
व्यक्तिम् (accusative singular)
व्यक्ती (accusative dual)
व्यक्तीः (accusative plural)
व्यक्त्या (instrumental singular)
व्यक्ती1 (instrumental singular)
व्यक्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
व्यक्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
व्यक्तये (dative singular)
व्यक्त्यै2 (dative singular)
व्यक्ती1 (dative singular)
व्यक्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
व्यक्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
व्यक्तेः (ablative singular)
व्यक्त्याः2 (ablative singular)
व्यक्त्यै3 (ablative singular)
व्यक्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
व्यक्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
व्यक्तेः (genitive singular)
व्यक्त्याः2 (genitive singular)
व्यक्त्यै3 (genitive singular)
व्यक्त्योः (dual genitive)
व्यक्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
व्यक्तौ (locative singular)
व्यक्त्याम्2 (locative singular)
व्यक्ता1 (locative singular)
व्यक्त्योः (dual locative)
व्यक्तिषु (locative plural)

→ Malayalam: വ്യക്തി (vyakti)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: wyakti, yakti
> Javanese: ꦪꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (yakti), ꦪꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (yekti) (inherited)

visible appearance or manifestation, becoming evident or known or public

specific appearance, distinctness, individuality

case, inflection, the proper form of any inflected word


भण्टाकी

sa-noun

भण्टाकी • (bhaṇṭākī) stem, f

bhaṇṭākī (romanization)
भण्टाकी (nominative singular)
भण्टाक्यौ (dual nominative)
भण्टाक्यः (nominative plural)
भण्टाकि (singular vocative)
भण्टाक्यौ (dual vocative)
भण्टाक्यः (plural vocative)
भण्टाकीम् (accusative singular)
भण्टाक्यौ (accusative dual)
भण्टाकीः (accusative plural)
भण्टाक्या (instrumental singular)
भण्टाकीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भण्टाकीभिः (instrumental plural)
भण्टाक्यै (dative singular)
भण्टाकीभ्याम् (dative dual)
भण्टाकीभ्यः (dative plural)
भण्टाक्याः (ablative singular)
भण्टाकीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भण्टाकीभ्यः (ablative plural)
भण्टाक्याः (genitive singular)
भण्टाक्योः (dual genitive)
भण्टाकीनाम् (genitive plural)
भण्टाक्याम् (locative singular)
भण्टाक्योः (dual locative)
भण्टाकीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of भण्टाकी

भण्टाकीभ्याम्

भण्टाकीभ्याम्

भण्टाकीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

भण्टाकीभ्याम्

भण्टाकीभ्याम्

भण्टाकीभ्याम्

Southern:

Dhivehi: ބަށި (baṣi)

Sinhalese: බටු (baṭu)

Eastern:

Bengali: ভাঁটা (bhãṭa)

Bihari: भंटा

Awadhi: भांटा (bhāṇṭā)

Maithili: भांटा (bhāṇṭā)

→ Tamil: பண்டாகி (paṇṭāki)

/bʱɐɳ.ʈɑː.kiː/

/bʱɐɳˈʈɑː.kiː/

Probably borrowed from Dravidian. Compare Tamil வழுதனங்காய் (vaḻutaṉaṅkāy).

cog

Tamil வழுதனங்காய் (vaḻutaṉaṅkāy)

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena#Translingual

brinjal, aubergine, eggplant (Solanum melongena)


भण्डाकी

sa-noun

भण्डाकी • (bhaṇḍākī) stem, f

bhaṇḍākī (romanization)
भण्डाकी (nominative singular)
भण्डाक्यौ (dual nominative)
भण्डाकी1 (dual nominative)
भण्डाक्यः (nominative plural)
भण्डाकीः1 (nominative plural)
भण्डाकि (singular vocative)
भण्डाक्यौ (dual vocative)
भण्डाकी1 (dual vocative)
भण्डाक्यः (plural vocative)
भण्डाकीः1 (plural vocative)
भण्डाकीम् (accusative singular)
भण्डाक्यौ (accusative dual)
भण्डाकी1 (accusative dual)
भण्डाकीः (accusative plural)
भण्डाक्या (instrumental singular)
भण्डाकीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भण्डाकीभिः (instrumental plural)
भण्डाक्यै (dative singular)
भण्डाकीभ्याम् (dative dual)
भण्डाकीभ्यः (dative plural)
भण्डाक्याः (ablative singular)
भण्डाक्यै2 (ablative singular)
भण्डाकीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भण्डाकीभ्यः (ablative plural)
भण्डाक्याः (genitive singular)
भण्डाक्यै2 (genitive singular)
भण्डाक्योः (dual genitive)
भण्डाकीनाम् (genitive plural)
भण्डाक्याम् (locative singular)
भण्डाक्योः (dual locative)
भण्डाकीषु (locative plural)

/bʱɐɳ.ɖɑː.kiː/

/bʱɐɳˈɖɑː.kiː/


समाचार

samācāra (romanization)
समाचारः (nominative singular)
समाचारौ (dual nominative)
समाचारा1 (dual nominative)
समाचाराः (nominative plural)
समाचारासः1 (nominative plural)
समाचार (singular vocative)
समाचारौ (dual vocative)
समाचारा1 (dual vocative)
समाचाराः (plural vocative)
समाचारासः1 (plural vocative)
समाचारम् (accusative singular)
समाचारौ (accusative dual)
समाचारा1 (accusative dual)
समाचारान् (accusative plural)
समाचारेण (instrumental singular)
समाचाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
समाचारैः (instrumental plural)
समाचारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
समाचाराय (dative singular)
समाचाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
समाचारेभ्यः (dative plural)
समाचारात् (ablative singular)
समाचाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
समाचारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
समाचारस्य (genitive singular)
समाचारयोः (dual genitive)
समाचाराणाम् (genitive plural)
समाचारे (locative singular)
समाचारयोः (dual locative)
समाचारेषु (locative plural)

/sɐ.mɑː.t͡ɕɑː.ɾɐ/

/s̪ɐ.mɑːˈt͡ɕɑː.ɾɐ/

सम्- (sam-, “together with, syn-”) + आचार (ācāra, “conduct, custom”).

affix

procedure, practice, conduct, behavior in (compound)

(at end of compounds) the customary presentation of

"doings", news, report, information, tradition


चीन

cīna (romanization)
चीनम् (nominative singular)
चीने (dual nominative)
चीनानि (nominative plural)
चीना1 (nominative plural)
चीन (singular vocative)
चीने (dual vocative)
चीनानि (plural vocative)
चीना1 (plural vocative)
चीनम् (accusative singular)
चीने (accusative dual)
चीनानि (accusative plural)
चीना1 (accusative plural)
चीनेन (instrumental singular)
चीनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चीनैः (instrumental plural)
चीनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चीनाय (dative singular)
चीनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चीनेभ्यः (dative plural)
चीनात् (ablative singular)
चीनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चीनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चीनस्य (genitive singular)
चीनयोः (dual genitive)
चीनानाम् (genitive plural)
चीने (locative singular)
चीनयोः (dual locative)
चीनेषु (locative plural)

Chinas
Zhengzhang Shangfang
states of ancient China
zh:鄭張尚芳

/ˈt͡ɕiː.n̪ɐ/

Uncertain, but usually held to derive from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin) (sm Qín, mc d͡ziɪn, oc *zin, "Qin"), the westernmost ancient Chinese state. Other theories have been proposed, including derivation from 晉 /晋 (jìn) (sm Jìn, mc t͡siɪn, oc *ʔsins, "Jin"), another important ancient state; 荊 /荆 (jīng) (sm Jīng, mc kˠiæŋ, oc *keŋ, "Chu"), the southernmost ancient Chinese state; or Zina, the endonym of the people of the Yelang kingdom. See "Names of China" and "Chinas" at Wikipedia.

c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā 1.18.11


अद्भुत

adbhuta (romanization)
अद्भुतः (nominative singular)
अद्भुतौ (dual nominative)
अद्भुता1 (dual nominative)
अद्भुताः (nominative plural)
अद्भुतासः1 (nominative plural)
अद्भुत (singular vocative)
अद्भुतौ (dual vocative)
अद्भुता1 (dual vocative)
अद्भुताः (plural vocative)
अद्भुतासः1 (plural vocative)
अद्भुतम् (accusative singular)
अद्भुतौ (accusative dual)
अद्भुता1 (accusative dual)
अद्भुतान् (accusative plural)
अद्भुतेन (instrumental singular)
अद्भुताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अद्भुतैः (instrumental plural)
अद्भुतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अद्भुताय (dative singular)
अद्भुताभ्याम् (dative dual)
अद्भुतेभ्यः (dative plural)
अद्भुतात् (ablative singular)
अद्भुताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अद्भुतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अद्भुतस्य (genitive singular)
अद्भुतयोः (dual genitive)
अद्भुतानाम् (genitive plural)
अद्भुते (locative singular)
अद्भुतयोः (dual locative)
अद्भुतेषु (locative plural)

From अ- (a-, “not, a-”) + द्भुत (dbhuta, “harmed”), the latter a past participle form of दभ् (dabh, “to harm, deceive”), literally "not able to be harmed". Not from अत्- (at-, “prefix indicating surprise”) + भुत (bhuta, “(no definition given)”), despite Monier-Williams.

name of the Indra of the ninth Manvantara


अद्भुत

adbhuta (romanization)
अद्भुतम् (nominative singular)
अद्भुते (dual nominative)
अद्भुतानि (nominative plural)
अद्भुता1 (nominative plural)
अद्भुत (singular vocative)
अद्भुते (dual vocative)
अद्भुतानि (plural vocative)
अद्भुता1 (plural vocative)
अद्भुतम् (accusative singular)
अद्भुते (accusative dual)
अद्भुतानि (accusative plural)
अद्भुता1 (accusative plural)
अद्भुतेन (instrumental singular)
अद्भुताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अद्भुतैः (instrumental plural)
अद्भुतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अद्भुताय (dative singular)
अद्भुताभ्याम् (dative dual)
अद्भुतेभ्यः (dative plural)
अद्भुतात् (ablative singular)
अद्भुताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अद्भुतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अद्भुतस्य (genitive singular)
अद्भुतयोः (dual genitive)
अद्भुतानाम् (genitive plural)
अद्भुते (locative singular)
अद्भुतयोः (dual locative)
अद्भुतेषु (locative plural)


राष्ट्र

rāṣṭrá (romanization)
राष्ट्रम् (nominative singular)
राष्ट्रे (dual nominative)
राष्ट्राणि (nominative plural)
राष्ट्रा1 (nominative plural)
राष्ट्र (singular vocative)
राष्ट्रे (dual vocative)
राष्ट्राणि (plural vocative)
राष्ट्रा1 (plural vocative)
राष्ट्रम् (accusative singular)
राष्ट्रे (accusative dual)
राष्ट्राणि (accusative plural)
राष्ट्रा1 (accusative plural)
राष्ट्रेण (instrumental singular)
राष्ट्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राष्ट्रैः (instrumental plural)
राष्ट्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
राष्ट्राय (dative singular)
राष्ट्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
राष्ट्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
राष्ट्रात् (ablative singular)
राष्ट्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राष्ट्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
राष्ट्रस्य (genitive singular)
राष्ट्रयोः (dual genitive)
राष्ट्राणाम् (genitive plural)
राष्ट्रे (locative singular)
राष्ट्रयोः (dual locative)
राष्ट्रेषु (locative plural)
राष्ट्रः (nominative singular)
राष्ट्रौ (dual nominative)
राष्ट्राः (nominative plural)
राष्ट्र (singular vocative)
राष्ट्रौ (dual vocative)
राष्ट्राः (plural vocative)
राष्ट्रम् (accusative singular)
राष्ट्रौ (accusative dual)
राष्ट्रान् (accusative plural)
राष्ट्रेण (instrumental singular)
राष्ट्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राष्ट्रैः (instrumental plural)
राष्ट्राय (dative singular)
राष्ट्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
राष्ट्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
राष्ट्रात् (ablative singular)
राष्ट्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राष्ट्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
राष्ट्रस्य (genitive singular)
राष्ट्रयोः (dual genitive)
राष्ट्राणाम् (genitive plural)
राष्ट्रे (locative singular)
राष्ट्रयोः (dual locative)
राष्ट्रेषु (locative plural)

Dhivehi: ރަށް (raṣ̊)

Pali: raṭṭha

→ Burmese: ရဋ္ဌ (rathta.)

→ Khmer: រដ្ឋ (rŏət)

→ Lao: ລັດ (lat), ຣັຖ (rat) (old spelling)

→ Thai: รัฐ (rát)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵ-tro-m, from *h₃rḗǵs (“king”) (which was reinterpreted as being from a root *h₃rēǵ-) + *-trom (suffix denoting an instrument). See also राज् (rāj), राजन् (rājan).

मम॑ द्वि॒ता रा॒ष्ट्रं क्ष॒त्रिय॑स्य वि॒श्वायो॒र्विश्वे॑ अ॒मृता॒ यथा॑ नः।
क्रतुं॑ सचन्ते॒ वरु॑णस्य दे॒वा राजा॑मि कृ॒ष्टेरु॑प॒मस्य॑ व॒व्रेः॥
máma dvitā́ rāṣṭráṃ kṣatríyasya viśvā́yorvíśve amṛ́tā yáthā naḥ.
krátuṃ sacante váruṇasya devā́ rā́jāmi kṛṣṭérupamásya vavréḥ.
Twofold is my empire, that of the whole kṣatriya race, and all the immortals are ours; the gods associate me with the acts of Varuṇa; I rule over (those) of the proximate form of man.

a kingdom, realm, empire, dominion, district, country

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

public calamity such as plague, famine, etc.


ध्वज

dhvajá (romanization)
ध्वजः (nominative singular)
ध्वजौ (dual nominative)
ध्वजा1 (dual nominative)
ध्वजाः (nominative plural)
ध्वजासः1 (nominative plural)
ध्वज (singular vocative)
ध्वजौ (dual vocative)
ध्वजा1 (dual vocative)
ध्वजाः (plural vocative)
ध्वजासः1 (plural vocative)
ध्वजम् (accusative singular)
ध्वजौ (accusative dual)
ध्वजा1 (accusative dual)
ध्वजान् (accusative plural)
ध्वजेन (instrumental singular)
ध्वजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ध्वजैः (instrumental plural)
ध्वजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ध्वजाय (dative singular)
ध्वजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ध्वजेभ्यः (dative plural)
ध्वजात् (ablative singular)
ध्वजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ध्वजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ध्वजस्य (genitive singular)
ध्वजयोः (dual genitive)
ध्वजानाम् (genitive plural)
ध्वजे (locative singular)
ध्वजयोः (dual locative)
ध्वजेषु (locative plural)

Pali: dhaja

desc

Prakrit: 𑀥𑀚 (dhaja), 𑀥𑀸 (dhā), 𑀛𑀬 (jhaya), 𑀛𑀬𑀸 (jhayā)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ދިދަ (dida)

Sinhalese: දදය (dadaya)

/dʱʋɐ.d͡ʑɐ́/

/ˈd̪ʱʋɐ.d͡ʑɐ/

From the root ध्वज् (dhvaj, “(of a banner) to move and wave around”), of uncertain origin. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *dʰweg- (“cloth”), and compared with Proto-Germanic *dōkaz (“cloth, rag”). However, Kroonen and Mayrhofer find this derivation phonetically unconvincing, with Mayrhofer preferring to derive the Sanskrit from a homophonous root *dʰweg-, albeit with a different root meaning "to move back and forth", which he takes as a verbal extension related to धव् (dhav, “to run, flow”).

ध्वजगृह

a room in which banners are kept or from which banners wave

ध्वजद्रुम

the palm tree used for making flag-staffs

ध्वजभङ्ग

the fracture or fall of a banner, impotence

a distiller or vendor of spirituous liquors


रक्षा

rakṣā (romanization)
रक्षा (nominative singular)
रक्षे (dual nominative)
रक्षाः (nominative plural)
रक्षे (singular vocative)
रक्षे (dual vocative)
रक्षाः (plural vocative)
रक्षाम् (accusative singular)
रक्षे (accusative dual)
रक्षाः (accusative plural)
रक्षया (instrumental singular)
रक्षा1 (instrumental singular)
रक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रक्षाभिः (instrumental plural)
रक्षायै (dative singular)
रक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रक्षाभ्यः (dative plural)
रक्षायाः (ablative singular)
रक्षायै2 (ablative singular)
रक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रक्षाभ्यः (ablative plural)
रक्षायाः (genitive singular)
रक्षायै2 (genitive singular)
रक्षयोः (dual genitive)
रक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
रक्षायाम् (locative singular)
रक्षयोः (dual locative)
रक्षासु (locative plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: रक्षा (rakṣā)

Urdu: رکشا (rakṣā)

Kashmiri: رٲچھ (rạ̄ch)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: rakṣa (“guarding, protecting; protection”)
> Javanese: ꦉꦏ꧀ꦱ (reksa), ꦫꦏ꧀ꦱ (raksa) — archaic (inherited)
→ Indonesian: reksa (“police; guard”)
→ Balinese: ᬭᬓ᭄ᬱ (raksa)

From रक्ष् (rakṣ), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to defend”), same source as Ancient Greek ἀλέξω (aléxō, “I defend”). Other cognates include Old Armenian երաշխիք (erašxikʻ), and Old English ealgian (“to protect, defend”).

cog

the act of protecting or guarding, protection, care, preservation, security Mn. MBh. &c.

any preservative, (esp.) a sort of bracelet or amulet, any mysterious token used as a charm BhP. Suṡr.

a piece of thread or silk bound round the wrist on partic. occasions (esp. on the full moon of श्रावण, either as an amulet and preservative against misfortune, or as a symbol of mutual dependence, or as a mark of respect) MW.


पर्याय

paryāya (romanization)
पर्यायः (nominative singular)
पर्यायौ (dual nominative)
पर्याया1 (dual nominative)
पर्यायाः (nominative plural)
पर्यायासः1 (nominative plural)
पर्याय (singular vocative)
पर्यायौ (dual vocative)
पर्याया1 (dual vocative)
पर्यायाः (plural vocative)
पर्यायासः1 (plural vocative)
पर्यायम् (accusative singular)
पर्यायौ (accusative dual)
पर्याया1 (accusative dual)
पर्यायान् (accusative plural)
पर्यायेण (instrumental singular)
पर्यायाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पर्यायैः (instrumental plural)
पर्यायेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पर्यायाय (dative singular)
पर्यायाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पर्यायेभ्यः (dative plural)
पर्यायात् (ablative singular)
पर्यायाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पर्यायेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पर्यायस्य (genitive singular)
पर्याययोः (dual genitive)
पर्यायाणाम् (genitive plural)
पर्याये (locative singular)
पर्याययोः (dual locative)
पर्यायेषु (locative plural)

Pali: pariyāya

/pɐɾˈjɑː.jɐ/

परि- (pari-) + आय (āya), the second element a vriddhi-derivative from the root इ (i, “to go”)


लेख

lekha (romanization)
लेखः (nominative singular)
लेखौ (dual nominative)
लेखा1 (dual nominative)
लेखाः (nominative plural)
लेखासः1 (nominative plural)
लेख (singular vocative)
लेखौ (dual vocative)
लेखा1 (dual vocative)
लेखाः (plural vocative)
लेखासः1 (plural vocative)
लेखम् (accusative singular)
लेखौ (accusative dual)
लेखा1 (accusative dual)
लेखान् (accusative plural)
लेखेन (instrumental singular)
लेखाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लेखैः (instrumental plural)
लेखेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लेखाय (dative singular)
लेखाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लेखेभ्यः (dative plural)
लेखात् (ablative singular)
लेखाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लेखेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लेखस्य (genitive singular)
लेखयोः (dual genitive)
लेखानाम् (genitive plural)
लेखे (locative singular)
लेखयोः (dual locative)
लेखेषु (locative plural)

→ Khmer: លេខ (leek), លេខា (leikhaa)

→ Lao: ເລກ (lēk), ເລຂາ (lē khā)

→ Thai: เลข (lêek), เลขา (lee-kǎa)

From the root लिख् (likh, “to write”) + -अ (-a, nominalizing suffix).

sa-root

(also pl.) a writing, letter, manuscript, written document of any kind, Hariv. ; Kāv. ; VarBṛS. &c.


स्खलन

→ Hindi: स्खलन (skhalan)

→ Malayalam: സ്ഖലനം (skhalanaṁ)

→ Marathi: स्खलन (skhalan)

→ Telugu: స్ఖలనము (skhalanamu)

/ˈs̪kʰɐ.l̪ɐ.n̪ɐ/

stumbling, tottering, tripping unsteady gait Suṡr. Kām. BhP.

faltering, stammering (in वाक्-स्ख्°) g. खण्ड्व्-आदि

rubbing, friction, touch, contact, collision Ṡiṡ.

discharge, emission (of semen) Kull. on Mn. v, 63


संज्ञा

sa-noun

संज्ञा • (saṃjñā́) stem, f

saṃjñā́ (romanization)
संज्ञा (nominative singular)
संज्ञे (dual nominative)
संज्ञाः (nominative plural)
संज्ञे (singular vocative)
संज्ञे (dual vocative)
संज्ञाः (plural vocative)
संज्ञाम् (accusative singular)
संज्ञे (accusative dual)
संज्ञाः (accusative plural)
संज्ञया (instrumental singular)
संज्ञा1 (instrumental singular)
संज्ञाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संज्ञाभिः (instrumental plural)
संज्ञायै (dative singular)
संज्ञाभ्याम् (dative dual)
संज्ञाभ्यः (dative plural)
संज्ञायाः (ablative singular)
संज्ञायै2 (ablative singular)
संज्ञाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संज्ञाभ्यः (ablative plural)
संज्ञायाः (genitive singular)
संज्ञायै2 (genitive singular)
संज्ञयोः (dual genitive)
संज्ञानाम् (genitive plural)
संज्ञायाम् (locative singular)
संज्ञयोः (dual locative)
संज्ञासु (locative plural)

/sɐɲd͡ʑ.ɲɑ́ː/

/ˈs̪ɐɲd͡ʑ.ɲɑː/

From the root संज्ञा (saṃjñā) + -आ (-ā).

suf

संज्ञा (saṃjñā) + -आ (-ā)

agreement, mutual understanding, harmony

consciousness, clear knowledge, understanding, notion, conception

a name, appellation, title, technical term

(grammar) the name of anything thought of as standing by itself, any noun having a special meaning

(Buddhism) perception (one of the 5 skandhas)


जल

jalá (romanization)
जलः (nominative singular)
जलौ (dual nominative)
जला1 (dual nominative)
जलाः (nominative plural)
जलासः1 (nominative plural)
जल (singular vocative)
जलौ (dual vocative)
जला1 (dual vocative)
जलाः (plural vocative)
जलासः1 (plural vocative)
जलम् (accusative singular)
जलौ (accusative dual)
जला1 (accusative dual)
जलान् (accusative plural)
जलेन (instrumental singular)
जलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जलैः (instrumental plural)
जलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जलाय (dative singular)
जलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जलेभ्यः (dative plural)
जलात् (ablative singular)
जलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जलस्य (genitive singular)
जलयोः (dual genitive)
जलानाम् (genitive plural)
जले (locative singular)
जलयोः (dual locative)
जलेषु (locative plural)

From जल् (jal, “to be sharp; to be stiff or dull”).


जल

jalá (romanization)
जलम् (nominative singular)
जले (dual nominative)
जलानि (nominative plural)
जला1 (nominative plural)
जल (singular vocative)
जले (dual vocative)
जलानि (plural vocative)
जला1 (plural vocative)
जलम् (accusative singular)
जले (accusative dual)
जलानि (accusative plural)
जला1 (accusative plural)
जलेन (instrumental singular)
जलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जलैः (instrumental plural)
जलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जलाय (dative singular)
जलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जलेभ्यः (dative plural)
जलात् (ablative singular)
जलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जलस्य (genitive singular)
जलयोः (dual genitive)
जलानाम् (genitive plural)
जले (locative singular)
जलयोः (dual locative)
जलेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀚𑀮 (jala)
Assamese: জল (zol)
Bengali: জল (jol)
Dardic:
Kashmiri: زَل (zal, “urine”)
Hindustani:
Hindi: जल (jal)
Urdu: جل
Marathi: जल (jal)
Nepali: जल (jal)
Pali: jala
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਜਲ (jal)
Shahmukhi script: جل (jal)
Sylheti: ꠎꠟ (zol)

Gandhari: 𐨗𐨫 (jala)

Pali: jala
→ Thai: ชล (chon)
→ Khmer: ជល (cɔɔl)

→ Kannada: ಜಲ (jala)

→ Malayalam: ജലം (jalaṁ)

→ Tamil: ஜலம் (jalam)

→ Telugu: జలము (jalamu)

→ Sinhalese: ජලය (jalaya)

Of unclear origin. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelHo-, from *gʷel- (“to dribble; gush forth; spring; squirt; throw”), and thus cognate with गल् (gal, “to drip”) and German quellen (“(of water) to well, issue forth”). A local substrate origin is possible, though quite unlikely due to the word being attested in Vedic texts and lacking typical substrate features (e.g. retroflexion, variation between aspirated and deaspirated forms). Related to Vedic Sanskrit जलाष (jalāṣa), of uncertain meaning; not related to Latin gelū (“frost”).


सहोदर

sahodara (romanization)
सहोदरः (nominative singular)
सहोदरौ (dual nominative)
सहोदरा1 (dual nominative)
सहोदराः (nominative plural)
सहोदरासः1 (nominative plural)
सहोदर (singular vocative)
सहोदरौ (dual vocative)
सहोदरा1 (dual vocative)
सहोदराः (plural vocative)
सहोदरासः1 (plural vocative)
सहोदरम् (accusative singular)
सहोदरौ (accusative dual)
सहोदरा1 (accusative dual)
सहोदरान् (accusative plural)
सहोदरेण (instrumental singular)
सहोदराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सहोदरैः (instrumental plural)
सहोदरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सहोदराय (dative singular)
सहोदराभ्याम् (dative dual)
सहोदरेभ्यः (dative plural)
सहोदरात् (ablative singular)
सहोदराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सहोदरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सहोदरस्य (genitive singular)
सहोदरयोः (dual genitive)
सहोदराणाम् (genitive plural)
सहोदरे (locative singular)
सहोदरयोः (dual locative)
सहोदरेषु (locative plural)

/s̪ɐˈɦoː.d̪ɐ.ɾɐ/

Tatpuruṣa compound of सह (saha) + उदर (udara)


हिंसा

Sinhalese: හිංසාව (hiṁsāwa)

→ Tamil: இம்சை (imcai)

→ Kannada: ಹಿಂಸೆ (hiṃse)

From हिंस् (hiṃs), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeys- (“fright”), an extension of *ǵʰey- (“wound, thrust”). See हेषस् (heṣas) for more.

injury, mischief, wrong, harm, hurt (said to be of three kinds: personal, verbal and mental)


विश्पति

viś-páti (romanization)
विश्पतिः (nominative singular)
विश्पती (dual nominative)
विश्पतयः (nominative plural)
विश्पते (singular vocative)
विश्पती (dual vocative)
विश्पतयः (plural vocative)
विश्पतिम् (accusative singular)
विश्पती (accusative dual)
विश्पतीन् (accusative plural)
विश्पतिना (instrumental singular)
विश्पत्या1 (instrumental singular)
विश्पतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विश्पतिभिः (instrumental plural)
विश्पतये (dative singular)
विश्पतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
विश्पतिभ्यः (dative plural)
विश्पतेः (ablative singular)
विश्पत्यः1 (ablative singular)
विश्पतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विश्पतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
विश्पतेः (genitive singular)
विश्पत्यः1 (genitive singular)
विश्पत्योः (dual genitive)
विश्पतीनाम् (genitive plural)
विश्पतौ (locative singular)
विश्पता1 (locative singular)
विश्पत्योः (dual locative)
विश्पतिषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wiśpátiṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wićpátiš, from Proto-Indo-European *wiḱpótis.
Cognate with Lithuanian viẽšpats (“lord”), Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vīspaⁱti, “chief of a tribe”), Old Prussian waispattin (“mistress of a house”), probably Albanian zot (“lord, master”).

cog

RV 7.7.4c
सद्यो अध्वरे रथिरं जनन्त मानुषासो विचेतसो य एषाम |
विशामधायि विश्पतिर्दुरोणे.अग्निर्मन्द्रो मधुवचा रतावा ||
sadyo adhvare rathiraṃ jananta mānuṣāso vicetaso ya eṣām |
viśāmadhāyi viśpatirduroṇe agnirmandro madhuvacā ṛtāvā ||
Forthwith the men, the best of these for wisdom, have made him leader in the solemn worship.
As Lord in homes of men is Agni stablished, the Holy One, the joyous, sweetly speaking.

the chief of a settlement or tribe, lord of the house or of the people (also applied to Agni and Indra) (RV., AV., TS.)

(in the dual) "master and mistress of the house"

(in the plural) "kings" or, "head-merchants" (BhP.)


मर्मन्

márman (romanization)
मर्म (nominative singular)
मर्मणी (dual nominative)
मर्माणि (nominative plural)
मर्म1 (nominative plural)
मर्मा1 (nominative plural)
मर्मन् (singular vocative)
मर्म (singular vocative)
मर्मणी (dual vocative)
मर्माणि (plural vocative)
मर्म1 (plural vocative)
मर्मा1 (plural vocative)
मर्म (accusative singular)
मर्मणी (accusative dual)
मर्माणि (accusative plural)
मर्म1 (accusative plural)
मर्मा1 (accusative plural)
मर्मणा (instrumental singular)
मर्मभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मर्मभिः (instrumental plural)
मर्मणे (dative singular)
मर्मभ्याम् (dative dual)
मर्मभ्यः (dative plural)
मर्मणः (ablative singular)
मर्मभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मर्मभ्यः (ablative plural)
मर्मणः (genitive singular)
मर्मणोः (dual genitive)
मर्मणाम् (genitive plural)
मर्मणि (locative singular)
मर्मन्1 (locative singular)
मर्मणोः (dual locative)
मर्मसु (locative plural)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥meno-, abstract noun derived from the root *mer- (“to die, decease”). Compare Old Armenian մարմին (marmin, “body”).
By surface analysis, मृ (mṛ, “to die, decease”) + -मन् (-man).

surf

mortal spot, vulnerable point, any open or exposed or weak or sensitive part of the body

the joint of a limb, any joint or articulation

anything which requires to be kept concealed, secret quality, hidden meaning, any secret or mystery


नड

naḍá (romanization)
नडः (nominative singular)
नडौ (dual nominative)
नडाः (nominative plural)
नड (singular vocative)
नडौ (dual vocative)
नडाः (plural vocative)
नडम् (accusative singular)
नडौ (accusative dual)
नडान् (accusative plural)
नडेन (instrumental singular)
नडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नडैः (instrumental plural)
नडाय (dative singular)
नडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नडेभ्यः (dative plural)
नडात् (ablative singular)
नडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नडेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नडस्य (genitive singular)
नडयोः (dual genitive)
नडानाम् (genitive plural)
नडे (locative singular)
नडयोः (dual locative)
नडेषु (locative plural)
नडम् (nominative singular)
नडे (dual nominative)
नडानि (nominative plural)
नड (singular vocative)
नडे (dual vocative)
नडानि (plural vocative)
नडम् (accusative singular)
नडे (accusative dual)
नडानि (accusative plural)
नडेन (instrumental singular)
नडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नडैः (instrumental plural)
नडाय (dative singular)
नडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नडेभ्यः (dative plural)
नडात् (ablative singular)
नडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नडेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नडस्य (genitive singular)
नडयोः (dual genitive)
नडानाम् (genitive plural)
नडे (locative singular)
नडयोः (dual locative)
नडेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of नड

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">नड</i>

Assamese: নল (nol)

Hindi: नाल (nāl)

From an earlier form नद (nada) (with retroflexion due to substrate influence, perhaps from a Dravidian language; compare Tamil நாணல் (nāṇal), Kannada ನಳ್ಳು (naḷḷu, “reed”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *nada (compare Middle Persian nʾd (nāy, nay, “reed, cane”)), from Proto-Indo-European *nedo- (“reed”); outside of Indo-Iranian, compare Old Armenian նետ (net, “arrow”), Hittite [script needed] (nāta-, “redd, arrow, drinking straw”). See also the Sanskrit root नद् (nad, “to resound, vibrate, thunder”), which नड (naḍa) is likely a nominal formation of.

cog

(L. also n) tropical reed (Phragmites karka, syns. Arundo tibialis, A. karka) (RV. AV., ŚBr.)

name of a prince with the patronymic Naishidha (ŚBr.) (= nala naiṣadha Sch.)

name of a particular tribe whose employment is making a sort of glass bracelet (W.) (compare नल (nala))


मेथि

methí (romanization)
मेथिः (nominative singular)
मेथी (dual nominative)
मेथयः (nominative plural)
मेथे (singular vocative)
मेथी (dual vocative)
मेथयः (plural vocative)
मेथिम् (accusative singular)
मेथी (accusative dual)
मेथीन् (accusative plural)
मेथिना (instrumental singular)
मेथिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेथिभिः (instrumental plural)
मेथये (dative singular)
मेथिभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेथिभ्यः (dative plural)
मेथेः (ablative singular)
मेथिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेथिभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेथेः (genitive singular)
मेथ्योः (dual genitive)
मेथीनाम् (genitive plural)
मेथौ (locative singular)
मेथ्योः (dual locative)
मेथिषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine i-stem declension of मेथि

a pillar, post (especially a pillar in the middle of a threshing-floor to which oxen are bound, but also any central point or centre) (AV. etc.)

a prop for supporting carriage-shafts (AV. etc.)


शस्ति

śastí (romanization)
शस्तिः (nominative singular)
शस्ती (dual nominative)
शस्तयः (nominative plural)
शस्ते (singular vocative)
शस्ती (dual vocative)
शस्तयः (plural vocative)
शस्तिम् (accusative singular)
शस्ती (accusative dual)
शस्तीः (accusative plural)
शस्त्या (instrumental singular)
शस्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शस्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
शस्त्यै (dative singular)
शस्तये (dative singular)
शस्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
शस्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
शस्त्याः (ablative singular)
शस्तेः (ablative singular)
शस्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शस्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
शस्त्याः (genitive singular)
शस्तेः (genitive singular)
शस्त्योः (dual genitive)
शस्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
शस्त्याम् (locative singular)
शस्तौ (locative singular)
शस्त्योः (dual locative)
शस्तिषु (locative plural)

Feminine i-stem declension of शस्ति

शस्त्यै / शस्तये

शस्त्याः / शस्तेः

शस्त्याः / शस्तेः

शस्त्याम् / शस्तौ

sa-decl-noun/cell

शस्त्याः / शस्तेः

शस्त्यै / शस्तये

शस्त्याः / शस्तेः

शस्त्याः / शस्तेः

शस्त्याम् / शस्तौ

शस्मन् शस्मन्#Sanskrit


रजस्

rájas (romanization)
रजः (nominative singular)
रजसी (dual nominative)
रजांसि (nominative plural)
रजः (singular vocative)
रजसी (dual vocative)
रजांसि (plural vocative)
रजः (accusative singular)
रजसी (accusative dual)
रजांसि (accusative plural)
रजसा (instrumental singular)
रजोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रजोभिः (instrumental plural)
रजसे (dative singular)
रजोभ्याम् (dative dual)
रजोभ्यः (dative plural)
रजसः (ablative singular)
रजोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रजोभ्यः (ablative plural)
रजसः (genitive singular)
रजसोः (dual genitive)
रजसाम् (genitive plural)
रजसि (locative singular)
रजसोः (dual locative)
रजःसु (locative plural)

/ˈɾɐ.d͡ʑɐs̪/

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁régʷos (“darkness”). Cognate with Ancient Greek Ἔρεβος (Érebos, personification of darkness), Gothic 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐍃 (riqis, “darkness”).

cog

atmosphere; space between heaven and earth


उक्ति

uktí (romanization)
उक्तिः (nominative singular)
उक्ती (dual nominative)
उक्तयः (nominative plural)
उक्ते (singular vocative)
उक्ती (dual vocative)
उक्तयः (plural vocative)
उक्तिम् (accusative singular)
उक्ती (accusative dual)
उक्तीः (accusative plural)
उक्त्या (instrumental singular)
उक्ती1 (instrumental singular)
उक्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उक्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
उक्तये (dative singular)
उक्त्यै2 (dative singular)
उक्ती1 (dative singular)
उक्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
उक्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
उक्तेः (ablative singular)
उक्त्याः2 (ablative singular)
उक्त्यै3 (ablative singular)
उक्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उक्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
उक्तेः (genitive singular)
उक्त्याः2 (genitive singular)
उक्त्यै3 (genitive singular)
उक्त्योः (dual genitive)
उक्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
उक्तौ (locative singular)
उक्त्याम्2 (locative singular)
उक्ता1 (locative singular)
उक्त्योः (dual locative)
उक्तिषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: उक्ति (ukti)

→ Punjabi: ਉਕਤੀ (ukatī) (learned)

Telugu: ఉక్తి (ukti)

→ Tamil: உத்தி (utti)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *uktíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *uktíš, from Proto-Indo-European *ukʷtís, from the root *wekʷ- (“to speak”). By surface analysis, वच् (vac) + -ति (-ti). Compare Avestan 𐬎𐬑𐬙𐬌 (uxti, “word, speech”), 𐬎𐬑𐬙𐬀 (uxta, “said, spoken”), Old Armenian ուխտ (uxt, “vow”).

surf

sentence, proclamation, speech, expression, word (Mn., Pañcat., Kathās. etc.)


उक्त

uktá (romanization)
उक्तम् (nominative singular)
उक्ते (dual nominative)
उक्तानि (nominative plural)
उक्ता1 (nominative plural)
उक्त (singular vocative)
उक्ते (dual vocative)
उक्तानि (plural vocative)
उक्ता1 (plural vocative)
उक्तम् (accusative singular)
उक्ते (accusative dual)
उक्तानि (accusative plural)
उक्ता1 (accusative plural)
उक्तेन (instrumental singular)
उक्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उक्तैः (instrumental plural)
उक्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उक्ताय (dative singular)
उक्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
उक्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
उक्तात् (ablative singular)
उक्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उक्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उक्तस्य (genitive singular)
उक्तयोः (dual genitive)
उक्तानाम् (genitive plural)
उक्ते (locative singular)
उक्तयोः (dual locative)
उक्तेषु (locative plural)
उक्ता (nominative singular)
उक्ते (dual nominative)
उक्ताः (nominative plural)
उक्ते (singular vocative)
उक्ते (dual vocative)
उक्ताः (plural vocative)
उक्ताम् (accusative singular)
उक्ते (accusative dual)
उक्ताः (accusative plural)
उक्तया (instrumental singular)
उक्ता1 (instrumental singular)
उक्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उक्ताभिः (instrumental plural)
उक्तायै (dative singular)
उक्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
उक्ताभ्यः (dative plural)
उक्तायाः (ablative singular)
उक्तायै2 (ablative singular)
उक्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उक्ताभ्यः (ablative plural)
उक्तायाः (genitive singular)
उक्तायै2 (genitive singular)
उक्तयोः (dual genitive)
उक्तानाम् (genitive plural)
उक्तायाम् (locative singular)
उक्तयोः (dual locative)
उक्तासु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *uktás (“said, spoken”), from Proto-Indo-European *ukʷ-tó-s, from *wekʷ- (“to speak”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬑𐬙𐬀 (uxta, “said, spoken”). Compare also Old Armenian ուխտ (uxt), an Iranian borrowing.

inh

(n or f) a stanza of four lines (with one syllabic instant or one long or two short syllables in each)


मृध

mṛdha (romanization)
मृधः (nominative singular)
मृधौ (dual nominative)
मृधाः (nominative plural)
मृध (singular vocative)
मृधौ (dual vocative)
मृधाः (plural vocative)
मृधम् (accusative singular)
मृधौ (accusative dual)
मृधान् (accusative plural)
मृधेन (instrumental singular)
मृधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मृधैः (instrumental plural)
मृधाय (dative singular)
मृधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मृधेभ्यः (dative plural)
मृधात् (ablative singular)
मृधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मृधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मृधस्य (genitive singular)
मृधयोः (dual genitive)
मृधानाम् (genitive plural)
मृधे (locative singular)
मृधयोः (dual locative)
मृधेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मृध

Tamil: மிருதம் (mirutam)

Akin to Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛- (marəd-, “to destroy”), Ancient Greek μάρναμαι (márnamai, “I fight, struggle”), Latin Mars (“the god of war”), Armenian մարտ (mart, “battle, combat”) etc.


संदेश

saṃdeśa (romanization)
संदेशः (nominative singular)
संदेशौ (dual nominative)
संदेशा1 (dual nominative)
संदेशाः (nominative plural)
संदेशासः1 (nominative plural)
संदेश (singular vocative)
संदेशौ (dual vocative)
संदेशा1 (dual vocative)
संदेशाः (plural vocative)
संदेशासः1 (plural vocative)
संदेशम् (accusative singular)
संदेशौ (accusative dual)
संदेशा1 (accusative dual)
संदेशान् (accusative plural)
संदेशेन (instrumental singular)
संदेशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संदेशैः (instrumental plural)
संदेशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
संदेशाय (dative singular)
संदेशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
संदेशेभ्यः (dative plural)
संदेशात् (ablative singular)
संदेशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संदेशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
संदेशस्य (genitive singular)
संदेशयोः (dual genitive)
संदेशानाम् (genitive plural)
संदेशे (locative singular)
संदेशयोः (dual locative)
संदेशेषु (locative plural)

Pali: sandesa

Prakrit: saṃdesa

Brahmi script: 𑀲𑀁𑀤𑁂𑀲

Devanagari script: संदेस

Kannada script: ಸಂದೇಸ

Dogri: sanehā

Devanagari script: सनेहा

Dogra script: 𑠩𑠝𑠳𑠪𑠬

Gojri: سنیہو (saneho)

Hindustani: sandesā

desc

Hindi: संदेसा

Hindi: संदेसा

Urdu: سَنْدیْسَا

Urdu: سَنْدیْسَا, سنْدیْسَہ

Marathi: संदेसा (sandesā) (poetic)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: संदेसो (sandeso), संदेसौ (sandesau)

Mahajani script: 𑅰𑅧𑅥𑅓𑅰𑅔 (sndeso), 𑅰𑅧𑅥𑅓𑅰𑅒 (sndesu)

Old Punjabi: ਸਨੇਹਾ (sanehā)

Punjabi: sanehā, sunehā

Gurmukhi script: ਸਨੇਹਾ, ਸੁਨੇਹਾ

Shahmukhi script: سَنیہا, سُنیْہا

Saraiki:

Devanagari script: सनेहा (sanehā)

Multani script: 𑊥𑊚𑊦 (snh)

Shahmukhi script: سَنیہا (sanehā)

Sindhi: saneho

Arabic script: سَنيهو

Devanagari script: सनेहो

Khudabadi script: 𑋝𑋑𑋥𑋞𑋧

Sindhi: =sanehaṛo

Arabic script: سَنيَهڙو

Devanagari script: सनेहड़ो

Khudabadi script: 𑋝𑋑𑋥𑋞𑋊𑋧

Assamese: সন্দেশ (xondex)

Bengali: সন্দেশ (śondeś)

Gujarati: સંદેશ (sandeś), સંદેશો (sandeśo)

Hindustani: sandeś

Hindi: संदेश

Urdu: سَنْدیْش

Urdu: سَنْدیْش

Kannada: ಸಂದೇಶ (sandēśa)

Malayalam: സന്ദേശം (sandēśaṁ)

Marathi: संदेश (sandeś)

Nepali: सन्देश (sandeś)

Punjabi: sandeś

Gurmukhi script: ਸੰਦੇਸ਼

Shahmukhi script: سَنْدیْش

Sinhalese: සන්දේශය (sandēśaya)

Tamil: சந்தேசம் (cantēcam)

Telugu: సందేశము (sandēśamu)

Compound of सम्- (sam-) + देश (deśa). Compare Old Armenian հանդէս (handēs).

communication of intelligence, message, information, errand, direction, command, order to (genitive or locative; -tas with genitive "by order of") (Kauś., MBh. etc.)


कृप्

kṛ́p (romanization)
कृपा (instrumental singular)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kŕ̥ps, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥ps, from Proto-Indo-European *kérp-s ~ *kr̥p-é-s, from *krep- (“body”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬐𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬞𐬇𐬨 (kəhrpə̄m), Middle Persian klp (kirb, “body, form”), Latin corpus, Old Armenian որովայն (orovayn) and Old English hrif (whence English riff).

पावकया यश्चितयन्त्या कृपा क्षामन्रुरुच उषसो न भानुना ।

Who with his purifying, eye-attracting form hath shone upon the earth as with the light of Dawn

pāvakayā yaścitayantyā kṛpā kṣāmanruruca uṣaso na bhānunā.


बर्हिस्

barhís (romanization)
बर्हिः (nominative singular)
बर्हिषी (dual nominative)
बर्हींषि (nominative plural)
बर्हिः (singular vocative)
बर्हिषी (dual vocative)
बर्हींषि (plural vocative)
बर्हिः (accusative singular)
बर्हिषी (accusative dual)
बर्हींषि (accusative plural)
बर्हिषा (instrumental singular)
बर्हिर्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बर्हिर्भिः (instrumental plural)
बर्हिषे (dative singular)
बर्हिर्भ्याम् (dative dual)
बर्हिर्भ्यः (dative plural)
बर्हिषः (ablative singular)
बर्हिर्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
बर्हिर्भ्यः (ablative plural)
बर्हिषः (genitive singular)
बर्हिषोः (dual genitive)
बर्हिषाम् (genitive plural)
बर्हिषि (locative singular)
बर्हिषोः (dual locative)
बर्हिःषु (locative plural)
बर्हिः (nominative singular)
बर्हिषौ (dual nominative)
बर्हिषा1 (dual nominative)
बर्हिषः (nominative plural)
बर्हिः (singular vocative)
बर्हिषौ (dual vocative)
बर्हिषा1 (dual vocative)
बर्हिषः (plural vocative)
बर्हिषम् (accusative singular)
बर्हिषौ (accusative dual)
बर्हिषा1 (accusative dual)
बर्हिषः (accusative plural)
बर्हिषा (instrumental singular)
बर्हिर्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बर्हिर्भिः (instrumental plural)
बर्हिषे (dative singular)
बर्हिर्भ्याम् (dative dual)
बर्हिर्भ्यः (dative plural)
बर्हिषः (ablative singular)
बर्हिर्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
बर्हिर्भ्यः (ablative plural)
बर्हिषः (genitive singular)
बर्हिषोः (dual genitive)
बर्हिषाम् (genitive plural)
बर्हिषि (locative singular)
बर्हिषोः (dual locative)
बर्हिःषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰarȷ́ʰíš (“padding, pillow, cushion”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰolǵʰ-í-s. Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬌𐬱 (bar^əziš, “pad, pillow”), Persian بالش (pillow, cushion).

cog

अग्न॒ आ या॑हि वी॒तये॑ गृणा॒नो ह॒व्यदा॑तये ।
नि होता॑ सत्सि ब॒र्हिषि॑ ॥
ágna ā́ yāhi vītáye gṛṇānó havyádātaye.

Come, Agni, lauded, to the feast; come to the offering of the gifts.
As the Priest, be seated on the bed of grass.

a bed, cushion, or layer of Kuśa grass, strewn over the place where the Yajña is performed, to serve as a sacred surface on which to present the oblations, and as a seat for the gods and for the worshippers


अर्हत्

arhat (romanization)
अर्हन् (nominative singular)
अर्हन्तौ (dual nominative)
अर्हन्तः (nominative plural)
अर्हन् (singular vocative)
अर्हन्तौ (dual vocative)
अर्हन्तः (plural vocative)
अर्हन्तम् (accusative singular)
अर्हन्तौ (accusative dual)
अर्हतः (accusative plural)
अर्हता (instrumental singular)
अर्हद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्हद्भिः (instrumental plural)
अर्हते (dative singular)
अर्हद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्हद्भ्यः (dative plural)
अर्हतः (ablative singular)
अर्हद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्हद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्हतः (genitive singular)
अर्हतोः (dual genitive)
अर्हताम् (genitive plural)
अर्हति (locative singular)
अर्हतोः (dual locative)
अर्हत्सु (locative plural)

Pali: arahant

→ Middle Mongol: ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠳ (arqad)

→ Manchu: ᠠᡵᡤᠠᡨ (argat)

→ Tocharian A: ārānt (from अर्हन्त् (arhant)

→ Tocharian B: arahānte (from अर्हन्त् (arhant))

→ Chinese: 阿羅漢 /阿罗汉 (āluóhàn) (from अर्हन्त् (arhant))

From the present participle of अर्हति (arhati, “to deserve”). From the root अर्ह् (arh) + -अत् (-at).

arhat; a buddha who is still a candidate for nirvana

an arhat or superior divinity with the Jains

the highest rank in the Buddhist hierarchy (L.)


डमरु

ḍamaru (romanization)
डमरुः (nominative singular)
डमरू (dual nominative)
डमरवः (nominative plural)
डमरो (singular vocative)
डमरू (dual vocative)
डमरवः (plural vocative)
डमरुम् (accusative singular)
डमरू (accusative dual)
डमरून् (accusative plural)
डमरुणा (instrumental singular)
डमर्वा1 (instrumental singular)
डमरुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
डमरुभिः (instrumental plural)
डमरवे (dative singular)
डमर्वे1 (dative singular)
डमरुभ्याम् (dative dual)
डमरुभ्यः (dative plural)
डमरोः (ablative singular)
डमर्वः1 (ablative singular)
डमरुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
डमरुभ्यः (ablative plural)
डमरोः (genitive singular)
डमर्वः1 (genitive singular)
डमर्वोः (dual genitive)
डमरूणाम् (genitive plural)
डमरौ (locative singular)
डमर्वोः (dual locative)
डमरुषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀟𑀩𑀭𑀼𑀅 (ḍabarua)

Northern:

Kumaoni: डौंर (ḍaũr), डौंरु (ḍaũru)

Northwestern:

Punjabi: ḍaurū

Gurmukhi script: ਡੌਰੂ

Shahmukhi script: ڈَوْرُو

Southern:

desc

Marathi: डौर (ḍaur), डवरा (ḍavrā), डौरी (ḍaurī)

Assamese: ডম্বৰু (domboru)

Bengali: ডমরু (ḍomru)

Gujarati: ડમરુ (ḍamru)

Hindustani: ḍamrū

Hindi: डमरू (ḍamrū)

Urdu: ڈَمَرُو (ḍamarū)

Marathi: डमरु (ḍamru)

Nepali: डम्बरु (ḍambaru), डमरु (ḍamaru)

Odia: ଡମ୍ବରୁ (ḍambaru), ଡମରୁ (ḍamaru)

(music) a sacred drum, shaped like an hourglass, used by the god Shiva and by Buddhist mendicant monks for a musical accompaniment in chanting


वज्र

vájra (romanization)
वज् (root)
वज्रः (nominative singular)
वज्रौ (dual nominative)
वज्रा1 (dual nominative)
वज्राः (nominative plural)
वज्रासः1 (nominative plural)
वज्र (singular vocative)
वज्रौ (dual vocative)
वज्रा1 (dual vocative)
वज्राः (plural vocative)
वज्रासः1 (plural vocative)
वज्रम् (accusative singular)
वज्रौ (accusative dual)
वज्रा1 (accusative dual)
वज्रान् (accusative plural)
वज्रेण (instrumental singular)
वज्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वज्रैः (instrumental plural)
वज्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वज्राय (dative singular)
वज्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
वज्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
वज्रात् (ablative singular)
वज्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वज्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वज्रस्य (genitive singular)
वज्रयोः (dual genitive)
वज्राणाम् (genitive plural)
वज्रे (locative singular)
वज्रयोः (dual locative)
वज्रेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wáȷ́ras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáȷ́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (“strong, lively”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬰𐬭𐬀 (vazra, “mace; main weapon of Mithra”), Persian گرز (“club, mace”), Northern Sami: veahčir (“hammer”), Erzya: узере (uzere, “axe”). Compare also Old Armenian վարզ (varz, “mace”), an Iranian borrowing.

cog

दि॒वश्चि॑दस्य वरि॒मा वि प॑प्रथ॒ इन्द्रं॒ न म॒ह्ना पृ॑थि॒वी च॒न प्रति॑।
भी॒मस्तुवि॑ष्माञ्चर्ष॒णिभ्य॑ आत॒पः शिशी॑ते॒ वज्रं॒ तेज॑से॒ न वंस॑गः॥
diváścidasya varimā́ ví papratha índraṃ ná mahnā́ pṛthivī́ caná práti.

His expansion spreads out even beyond heaven; not even the earth is the counterpart to Indra in greatness.
Fearsome and mighty, a scorching firebrand for the settled domains, he hones his vajra, like a buffalo its horn, to be piercingly sharp.

bhīmástúviṣmāñcarṣaṇíbhya ātapáḥ śíśīte vájraṃ téjase ná váṃsagaḥ.

दधीचि दधीचि#Sanskrit

(also n) "the hard or mighty one", a thunderbolt

especially that of Indra, said to have been formed out of the bones of the rishi दधीच (dadhīca) or दधीचि (dadhīci), and shaped like a circular discus, or in later times regarded as having the form of two transverse bolts crossing each other thus x

मन्यु मन्यु#Sanskrit

अपाम् अपाम्#Sanskrit

sometimes also applied to similar weapons used by various gods or superhuman beings, or to any mythical weapon destructive of spells or charms, also to मन्यु (manyu, “wrath”), RV. or [with अपाम् (apām)] to a jet of water AV. etc.

also applied to a thunderbolt in general, or to the lightning evolved from the centrifugal energy of the circular thunderbolt of Indra when launched at a foe

in Northern Buddhist countries, it is shaped like a dumbbell and called Dorje (MWB. 201, 322 etc.; RV. etc.)

a diamond (thought to be as hard as the thunderbolt or of the same substance with it), (ShaḍvBr., Mn., MBh. etc.)

a kind of penance (feeding for a month on only barley prepared with cow's urine) (L.)

वज्रव्यूह वज्रव्यूह#Sanskrit

a form of military array (Mn., MBh., etc.) (compare वज्रव्यूह (vajra-vyūha))

वज्रलेप वज्रलेप#Sanskrit

a kind of hard mortar or cement (कल्क (kalka)) (VarBṛS.) (compare वज्रलेप (vajra-lepa))

name of the 15th of the 27 yogas or astronomical divisions of time (ib.)

Euphorbia antiquorum and another species (L.)

अनिरुद्ध अनिरुद्ध#Sanskrit

name of a son of अनिरुद्ध (aniruddha) (MBh., Hariv., Pur.)

विश्वामित्र विश्वामित्र#Sanskrit

name of a son of विश्वामित्र (viśvāmitra) (MBh.)

(Jainism) of one of the 10 dala-pūrvins (L.)

वात्स्य वात्स्य#Sanskrit

name of a rishi (VarBṛS.) (compare वात्स्य (vātsya))

नरेन्द्रादित्य नरेन्द्रादित्य#Sanskrit

name of a minister of नरेन्द्रादित्य (narendrāditya) (Rājat.)


वज्र

vájra (romanization)
वज्रम् (nominative singular)
वज्रे (dual nominative)
वज्राणि (nominative plural)
वज्रा1 (nominative plural)
वज्र (singular vocative)
वज्रे (dual vocative)
वज्राणि (plural vocative)
वज्रा1 (plural vocative)
वज्रम् (accusative singular)
वज्रे (accusative dual)
वज्राणि (accusative plural)
वज्रा1 (accusative plural)
वज्रेण (instrumental singular)
वज्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वज्रैः (instrumental plural)
वज्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वज्राय (dative singular)
वज्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
वज्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
वज्रात् (ablative singular)
वज्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वज्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वज्रस्य (genitive singular)
वज्रयोः (dual genitive)
वज्राणाम् (genitive plural)
वज्रे (locative singular)
वज्रयोः (dual locative)
वज्रेषु (locative plural)

वाक्यवज्र वाक्यवज्र#Sanskrit

वाग्वज्र वाग्वज्र#Sanskrit

denunciation in strong language (compared to thunder) (R., Sāh., Pratāp.) (compare वाक्यवज्र (vākya-vajra) and वाग्वज्र (vāg-vajra))

वज्रासन वज्रासन#Sanskrit

a particular posture in sitting (Cat.) (compare वज्रासन (vajrā*sana))

name of a particular configurations of the planets and stars (in which favourable planets are situated in the 1st and 7th houses and unfavourable in the 4th and 10th) (VarBṛS.)

the blossom of the sesamum or of any plant called vajra (L.)

Chrysopogon zizanioides
Chrysopogon zizanioides#Translingual

vetiver, Chrysopogon zizanioides, formerly Andropogon muricatus (L.)


वेदी

vedī (romanization)
वेदी (nominative singular)
वेद्यौ (dual nominative)
वेदी1 (dual nominative)
वेद्यः (nominative plural)
वेदीः1 (nominative plural)
वेदि (singular vocative)
वेद्यौ (dual vocative)
वेदी1 (dual vocative)
वेद्यः (plural vocative)
वेदीः1 (plural vocative)
वेदीम् (accusative singular)
वेद्यौ (accusative dual)
वेदी1 (accusative dual)
वेदीः (accusative plural)
वेद्या (instrumental singular)
वेदीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वेदीभिः (instrumental plural)
वेद्यै (dative singular)
वेदीभ्याम् (dative dual)
वेदीभ्यः (dative plural)
वेद्याः (ablative singular)
वेद्यै2 (ablative singular)
वेदीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वेदीभ्यः (ablative plural)
वेद्याः (genitive singular)
वेद्यै2 (genitive singular)
वेद्योः (dual genitive)
वेदीनाम् (genitive plural)
वेद्याम् (locative singular)
वेद्योः (dual locative)
वेदीषु (locative plural)


चैत्य

caitya (romanization)
चैत्यः (nominative singular)
चैत्यौ (dual nominative)
चैत्याः (nominative plural)
चैत्य (singular vocative)
चैत्यौ (dual vocative)
चैत्याः (plural vocative)
चैत्यम् (accusative singular)
चैत्यौ (accusative dual)
चैत्यान् (accusative plural)
चैत्येन (instrumental singular)
चैत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चैत्यैः (instrumental plural)
चैत्याय (dative singular)
चैत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
चैत्येभ्यः (dative plural)
चैत्यात् (ablative singular)
चैत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चैत्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
चैत्यस्य (genitive singular)
चैत्ययोः (dual genitive)
चैत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
चैत्ये (locative singular)
चैत्ययोः (dual locative)
चैत्येषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of चैत्य

चैत्याभ्याम्

चैत्याभ्याम्

चैत्याभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

चैत्याभ्याम्

चैत्याभ्याम्

चैत्याभ्याम्

From चित् (cít, “thought, intellect, spirit, soul”) or चिति (cití, “understanding; the thinking mind”).

the individual soul (BhP. III, 26; 28, 28; 31, 19; Sarvad. II, 198f.)


चैत्य

desctree

Pali: cetiya
→ Burmese: စေတီ (ceti)
→ Mon: စေတဳ (cetī)
→ Thai: เจดีย์ (jee-dii)
→ English: chedi

Tibetan: ཅ་ཏི (ca ti)

स्तूप स्तूप#Sanskrit

(also n) a funeral monument or स्तूप (stūpa) or pyramidal column containing the ashes of deceased persons, sacred tree (especially a religious fig-tree) growing on a mound, hall or temple or place of worship (especially in Buddhism and Jainism and generally containing a monument), a sanctuary near a village (ĀśvGṛ. I, 12, Parāś., MBh. etc.)

च्ऐत्यक च्ऐत्यक#Sanskrit


रत्न

rátna (romanization)
रत्नम् (nominative singular)
रत्ने (dual nominative)
रत्नानि (nominative plural)
रत्ना1 (nominative plural)
रत्न (singular vocative)
रत्ने (dual vocative)
रत्नानि (plural vocative)
रत्ना1 (plural vocative)
रत्नम् (accusative singular)
रत्ने (accusative dual)
रत्नानि (accusative plural)
रत्ना1 (accusative plural)
रत्नेन (instrumental singular)
रत्नाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रत्नैः (instrumental plural)
रत्नेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रत्नाय (dative singular)
रत्नाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रत्नेभ्यः (dative plural)
रत्नात् (ablative singular)
रत्नाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रत्नेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रत्नस्य (genitive singular)
रत्नयोः (dual genitive)
रत्नानाम् (genitive plural)
रत्ने (locative singular)
रत्नयोः (dual locative)
रत्नेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: रत्न (ratna)

→ Malayalam: രത്നം (ratnaṁ)

→ Marathi: रत्न (ratna)

→ Nepali: रत्न (ratna)

→ Old Javanese: ratna
> Javanese: ꦫꦠ꧀ꦤ (ratna), ꦉꦠ꧀ꦤ (retna) (inherited)

Pali: ratana

→ Burmese: ရတနာ (ra.ta.na)

→ Khmer: រត្ន (rɔɔrŭətnɔɔ)

→ Thai: รัตนะ (rát-dtà-ná)

→ Punjabi: ਰਤਨ (ratan)

desc

→ Tamil: இரத்தினம் (irattiṉam), ரத்தினம் (rattiṉam)

→ Telugu: రత్నము (ratnamu)

gift, present, goods, wealth, riches (RV., AV., ŚBr.)

गोमेद गोमेद#Sanskrit

jewel, gem, treasure, precious stone (the nine jewel are pearl, ruby, topaz, diamond, emerald, lapis lazuli, coral, sapphire, गोमेद (gomeda); hence ratna is a name for the number 9; but according to some 14) (Mn. MBh. etc.)

पुत्ररत्न पुत्ररत्न#Sanskrit

anything valuable or best of its kind (e. g. पुत्ररत्न (putra-ratna, “an excellent son”))

magnet, loadstone (Kap., Sch.) (compare मणि (maṇi))

रत्नहविस् रत्नहविस्#Sanskrit


कोटि

koṭi (romanization)
कोटिः (nominative singular)
कोटी (dual nominative)
कोटयः (nominative plural)
कोटे (singular vocative)
कोटी (dual vocative)
कोटयः (plural vocative)
कोटिम् (accusative singular)
कोटी (accusative dual)
कोटीः (accusative plural)
कोट्या (instrumental singular)
कोटी1 (instrumental singular)
कोटिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोटिभिः (instrumental plural)
कोटये (dative singular)
कोट्यै2 (dative singular)
कोटी1 (dative singular)
कोटिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोटिभ्यः (dative plural)
कोटेः (ablative singular)
कोट्याः2 (ablative singular)
कोट्यै3 (ablative singular)
कोटिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोटिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोटेः (genitive singular)
कोट्याः2 (genitive singular)
कोट्यै3 (genitive singular)
कोट्योः (dual genitive)
कोटीनाम् (genitive plural)
कोटौ (locative singular)
कोट्याम्2 (locative singular)
कोटा1 (locative singular)
कोट्योः (dual locative)
कोटिषु (locative plural)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀟𑀺 (koḍi)
Pali: koṭi
→ Khmer: កោដិ (kaot)
→ Burmese: ကုဋေ (ku.te)
→ Thai: โกฏิ (gòot)
Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀟𑀺 (koḍi)
Central:
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀟𑀺 (koḍi):
Hindustani: karoṛ koṛī, kor, korī
Hindi: करोड़, कोड़ी, कोर, कोरी
Urdu: کروڑ, کوڑِی, کور, کورِی
→ English: crore
Eastern:
> Odia: କୋଡ଼ିଏ (koṛie) (inherited)
Northern:
Khasa Prakrit:
Nepali: करोड (karoḍ)
Northwestern:
Paisaci Prakrit:
Vracada Apabhramsa:
Sindhi: koṛi
Devanagari script: कोड़ि
Arabic script: ڪوڙِ
Southern:
Helu Prakrit:
Dhivehi: ކޮޅު (koḷu), ކެޑެ (keḍe)
Sinhalese: කෙළ (keḷa)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Marathi: करोड (karoḍ)
Western:
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Gujarati: કરોડ (karoḍ)

Borrowed terms

→ Assamese: কোটি (kûti)

→ Bengali: কোটি (kōṭi)

→ Hindi: कोटि (koṭi)

→ Kannada: ಕೋಟಿ (kōṭi)

→ Malay: keti
Indonesian: keti
→ Malagasy: hetsi

→ Malayalam: കോടി (kōṭi)

→ Odia: କୋଟି (kōṭi)

→ Punjabi: ਕੋਟੀ (koṭī)

→ Tagalog: kati

→ Tamil: கோடி (kōṭi)

→ Saurashtra: ꢒꣂꢞꢶ (kōḍi)

→ Telugu: కోటి (kōṭi)

→ Tocharian A: kor (learned)

→ Tocharian B: koṭ (learned)

Of uncertain origin.
For the "curved end of a bow, tip" meanings, Burrow compares Latin cautēs (“pointy rock”). He also considered a borrowing from Dravidian in the past, but later rejects this.
The "large number" meaning is often considered to be of a separate origin from the other meanings, and is traditionally considered of substrate (possibly Munda) origin; compare Bodo Gadaba [script needed] (koɽi, “twenty”) (in small-scale counting, 20 would be considered a large number). However, Mayrhofer later doubts this derivation, and considers the "large number" meaning as a semantic transfer from the "tip" meaning.

cog

the curved end of a bow or of claws, end or top of anything, edge or point (of a sword), horns or cusps (of the moon)

the highest point, eminence, excellence, end, extremity

‘a point or side in an argument or disputation’, (if there are two) ‘alternative’

the perpendicular side of a right-angled triangle

the highest number in the older system of numbers; a krore, ten million (10,000,000), or 100 lakhs (1,00,00,000) in the South Asian numeral system


बृहस्पतिवार

bṛhaspativāra (romanization)
बृहस्पतिवारः (nominative singular)
बृहस्पतिवारौ (dual nominative)
बृहस्पतिवारा1 (dual nominative)
बृहस्पतिवाराः (nominative plural)
बृहस्पतिवारासः1 (nominative plural)
बृहस्पतिवार (singular vocative)
बृहस्पतिवारौ (dual vocative)
बृहस्पतिवारा1 (dual vocative)
बृहस्पतिवाराः (plural vocative)
बृहस्पतिवारासः1 (plural vocative)
बृहस्पतिवारम् (accusative singular)
बृहस्पतिवारौ (accusative dual)
बृहस्पतिवारा1 (accusative dual)
बृहस्पतिवारान् (accusative plural)
बृहस्पतिवारेण (instrumental singular)
बृहस्पतिवाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बृहस्पतिवारैः (instrumental plural)
बृहस्पतिवारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बृहस्पतिवाराय (dative singular)
बृहस्पतिवाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
बृहस्पतिवारेभ्यः (dative plural)
बृहस्पतिवारात् (ablative singular)
बृहस्पतिवाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बृहस्पतिवारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बृहस्पतिवारस्य (genitive singular)
बृहस्पतिवारयोः (dual genitive)
बृहस्पतिवाराणाम् (genitive plural)
बृहस्पतिवारे (locative singular)
बृहस्पतिवारयोः (dual locative)
बृहस्पतिवारेषु (locative plural)

/br̩.ɦɐs̪.pɐ.t̪iˈʋɑː.ɾɐ/

Compound of बृहस्पति (bṛhaspati, "Jupiter") + वार (vāra, "day").


यज्ञ

yajñá (romanization)
यज्ञः (nominative singular)
यज्ञौ (dual nominative)
यज्ञा1 (dual nominative)
यज्ञाः (nominative plural)
यज्ञासः1 (nominative plural)
यज्ञ (singular vocative)
यज्ञौ (dual vocative)
यज्ञा1 (dual vocative)
यज्ञाः (plural vocative)
यज्ञासः1 (plural vocative)
यज्ञम् (accusative singular)
यज्ञौ (accusative dual)
यज्ञा1 (accusative dual)
यज्ञान् (accusative plural)
यज्ञेन (instrumental singular)
यज्ञाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यज्ञैः (instrumental plural)
यज्ञेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
यज्ञाय (dative singular)
यज्ञाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यज्ञेभ्यः (dative plural)
यज्ञात् (ablative singular)
यज्ञाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यज्ञेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यज्ञस्य (genitive singular)
यज्ञयोः (dual genitive)
यज्ञानाम् (genitive plural)
यज्ञे (locative singular)
यज्ञयोः (dual locative)
यज्ञेषु (locative plural)

→ Balinese: yadnya

→ English: yajna

→ Indonesian: yadnya

→ Javanese: yadnya

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: যগ্গু (zoggu)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀡 (jaṇṇa)

→ Sauraseni Prakrit: *𑀬𑀕𑁆𑀕 (*yagga)

Gujarati: યાગ (yāg)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਯੱਗ (yagga)

Shahmukhi script: یگّ (yagg)

Pali: yañña

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyaȷ́nás. Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬯𐬥𐬀 (yasna, “act of worship”), Latin ieiunus (“fasting, abstinent”), Persian جشن (jašn, “festival”). The Sanskrit root is यज् (yaj).

अ॒ग्निमी॑ळे पु॒रोहि॑तं य॒ज्ञस्य॑ दे॒वमृ॒त्विज॑म् ।
होता॑रं रत्न॒धात॑मम् ॥
agnímīḷe puróhitaṃ yajñásya devámṛtvíjam.

I glorify Agni, the high priest of the sacrifice, the divine, the ministrant, who presents the oblation to the gods, and is possessor of great wealth

act of worship or devotion, offering, oblation, sacrifice


यजुर्वेद

yajurvéda (romanization)
यजुर्वेदः (nominative singular)
यजुर्वेदौ (dual nominative)
यजुर्वेदा1 (dual nominative)
यजुर्वेदाः (nominative plural)
यजुर्वेदासः1 (nominative plural)
यजुर्वेद (singular vocative)
यजुर्वेदौ (dual vocative)
यजुर्वेदा1 (dual vocative)
यजुर्वेदाः (plural vocative)
यजुर्वेदासः1 (plural vocative)
यजुर्वेदम् (accusative singular)
यजुर्वेदौ (accusative dual)
यजुर्वेदा1 (accusative dual)
यजुर्वेदान् (accusative plural)
यजुर्वेदेन (instrumental singular)
यजुर्वेदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यजुर्वेदैः (instrumental plural)
यजुर्वेदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
यजुर्वेदाय (dative singular)
यजुर्वेदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यजुर्वेदेभ्यः (dative plural)
यजुर्वेदात् (ablative singular)
यजुर्वेदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यजुर्वेदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यजुर्वेदस्य (genitive singular)
यजुर्वेदयोः (dual genitive)
यजुर्वेदानाम् (genitive plural)
यजुर्वेदे (locative singular)
यजुर्वेदयोः (dual locative)
यजुर्वेदेषु (locative plural)

/jɐ.d͡ʑuɾˈʋeː.d̪ɐ/

Compound of यजुस् (yájus, “sacrifice”) + वेद (véda, “knowledge”).

(Hinduism) Yajurveda, third of the four Vedas, and one of the most important Ancient Hindu scriptures containing a collection of sacrificial formulas and prayers.


सत्संग

सत् (sat, “true”) + सङ्ग (saṅga, “company”).

compound

(Indian philosophy) A company of pious people seeking truth, such as honorable companions or a guru who are listening to or reading scriptures, and reflection, discussion, application and meditation.


वृत्त

vṛttá (romanization)
वृत्तः (nominative singular)
वृत्तौ (dual nominative)
वृत्ता1 (dual nominative)
वृत्ताः (nominative plural)
वृत्तासः1 (nominative plural)
वृत्त (singular vocative)
वृत्तौ (dual vocative)
वृत्ता1 (dual vocative)
वृत्ताः (plural vocative)
वृत्तासः1 (plural vocative)
वृत्तम् (accusative singular)
वृत्तौ (accusative dual)
वृत्ता1 (accusative dual)
वृत्तान् (accusative plural)
वृत्तेन (instrumental singular)
वृत्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृत्तैः (instrumental plural)
वृत्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वृत्ताय (dative singular)
वृत्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृत्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
वृत्तात् (ablative singular)
वृत्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृत्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृत्तस्य (genitive singular)
वृत्तयोः (dual genitive)
वृत्तानाम् (genitive plural)
वृत्ते (locative singular)
वृत्तयोः (dual locative)
वृत्तेषु (locative plural)

/ˈʋr̩t̪.t̪ɐ/

[ˈʋr̩t̪̚.t̪ɐ]

Compound of वृत् (vṛt, “to turn”) + -त (-ta). Cognate with Persian گرد (gard), Russian вертеть (vertetʹ), English worth.


वृत्त

vṛttá (romanization)
वृत्तम् (nominative singular)
वृत्ते (dual nominative)
वृत्तानि (nominative plural)
वृत्ता1 (nominative plural)
वृत्त (singular vocative)
वृत्ते (dual vocative)
वृत्तानि (plural vocative)
वृत्ता1 (plural vocative)
वृत्तम् (accusative singular)
वृत्ते (accusative dual)
वृत्तानि (accusative plural)
वृत्ता1 (accusative plural)
वृत्तेन (instrumental singular)
वृत्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृत्तैः (instrumental plural)
वृत्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वृत्ताय (dative singular)
वृत्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृत्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
वृत्तात् (ablative singular)
वृत्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृत्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृत्तस्य (genitive singular)
वृत्तयोः (dual genitive)
वृत्तानाम् (genitive plural)
वृत्ते (locative singular)
वृत्तयोः (dual locative)
वृत्तेषु (locative plural)

desctree

→ Malay: berita
Indonesian: berita
→ Bikol Central: bareta
→ Cebuano: balita
→ Hiligaynon: balita
→ Matigsalug Manobo: balita
→ Tagalog: balita
→ Tausug: bayta'

→ Malayalam: വൃത്തം (vr̥ttaṁ)

Pali: 𑀯𑀝𑁆𑀝 (vaṭṭa)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀝𑁆𑀝 (vaṭṭa), 𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀢 (vatta), 𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 (vitta), 𑀯𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (vutta)

Sinhalese: වට (waṭa)

→ Malayalam: വട്ടം (vaṭṭaṁ), വട (vaṭa)

→ Tamil: வட்டம் (vaṭṭam)

desctree

→ Tamil: வடை (vaṭai)
→ Hindi: वड़ा (vaṛā)
→ Marathi: वडा (vaḍā)

/ˈʋr̩t̪.t̪ɐ/

[ˈʋr̩t̪̚.t̪ɐ]

procedure, practice, action, mode of life, conduct, behaviour

(prosody) the rhythm at the end of a verse, final rhythm

(prosody) any metre containing a fixed number of syllables

(prosody) a metre consisting of 10 trochees


मद

máda (romanization)
मदः (nominative singular)
मदौ (dual nominative)
मदाः (nominative plural)
मद (singular vocative)
मदौ (dual vocative)
मदाः (plural vocative)
मदम् (accusative singular)
मदौ (accusative dual)
मदान् (accusative plural)
मदेन (instrumental singular)
मदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मदैः (instrumental plural)
मदाय (dative singular)
मदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मदेभ्यः (dative plural)
मदात् (ablative singular)
मदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मदस्य (genitive singular)
मदयोः (dual genitive)
मदानाम् (genitive plural)
मदे (locative singular)
मदयोः (dual locative)
मदेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मद

Hindi: मद (mad)

Old Javanese: mada

Pali: mada

Tamil: மதம் (matam)

Malayalam: മദം (madaṁ)

Related to मदिर (madirá) and मत्त (mattá), all three being ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬜𐬀- (maδa-, “intoxication”).

viniścetuṃ śakyo / na sukham iti vā duḥkham iti vā / pramoho nidrā vā / kim u viṣa|visarpaḥ kim u madaḥ?
tava sparśe sparśe / mama hi parimūḍh’|êndriya|gaṇo/vikāraś caitanyaṃ / bhramayati ca sammīlayati ca.

8th c., Bhavabhuti, Uttararāmacarita (Rama's Last Act), Act I, verse 36

Every single time you touch me / a kind of transformation— / it can’t be described as joy or sorrow, / ecstasy or sleep,
a state of intoxication / or all-suffusing poison— / confuses my senses and at once / excites and dulls my awareness.

hilarity, rapture, excitement, inspiration, intoxication (RV. etc.)

मदस्य मदस्य#Sanskrit

(dual with मदस्य (madasya)) name of 2 sāmans (ĀrshBr.)

(in compounds) ardent passion for (MBh.)


केतक

ketaka (romanization)
केतकः (nominative singular)
केतकौ (dual nominative)
केतकाः (nominative plural)
केतक (singular vocative)
केतकौ (dual vocative)
केतकाः (plural vocative)
केतकम् (accusative singular)
केतकौ (accusative dual)
केतकान् (accusative plural)
केतकेन (instrumental singular)
केतकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
केतकैः (instrumental plural)
केतकाय (dative singular)
केतकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
केतकेभ्यः (dative plural)
केतकात् (ablative singular)
केतकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
केतकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
केतकस्य (genitive singular)
केतकयोः (dual genitive)
केतकानाम् (genitive plural)
केतके (locative singular)
केतकयोः (dual locative)
केतकेषु (locative plural)

Masculine a-stem declension of केतक

Pali: ketaka, ketakī f

Prakrit: 𑀓𑁂𑀅𑀕 (keaga), 𑀓𑁂𑀅𑀬 (keaya), 𑀓𑁂𑀅𑀕𑀻 f (keagī)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ކަށިކެޔޮ (kaṣikeyo)

Sinhalese: කේ (kē)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: কেয়া (keẏa)

Odia: କିଆ (kiā)

desc

→? Middle Persian: [script needed] (gytyk /gēdīg/)

desctree

Persian: گیدی (gidi), کیدی (kidi), کادی (kâdi), کدر (perhaps misspelling)
→ Arabic: كَاذِيّ (kāḏiyy)
→ Ottoman Turkish: كاذی (kazi)

tooltip

reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes

q

with Middle Indo-Aryan <i class="Brah mention" lang="inc-ash">-𑀟-</i> (-ḍa-)

⇒ Prakrit: 𑀓𑁂𑀅𑀬𑁆𑀟 (keayḍa) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀟- (-ḍa-))

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: কেওড়া (keōṛa)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: केवडा (kevḍā)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڪيلو (also < कदल (kadala)), ڪيوِڙو (“banana, plantain”)

Devanagari script: केलो (also < कदल (kadala)), केविड़ो (“banana, plantain”)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Gujarati: કેવડો (kevḍo)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindustani: kevṛā

desc

Hindi: केवड़ा

Hindi: केवड़ा

Urdu: کیوڑا (kyoṛā), کیوڑہ (kyoṛh)

→ Bengali: কেতকী (ketoki)

→ Gujarati: કેતક (ketak), કેતકી f (ketkī)

→ Kannada: ಕೇದಗೆ (kēdage)

→ Hindustani: ketkī f

Hindi: केतकी

Urdu: کیتْکِی (ketkī)

→ Malayalam: കേതകി (kētaki)

→ Marathi: केतकी (ketkī) f

→ Odia: କେତକୀ (ketaki)

→ Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڪيتڪي

→ Tamil: கேதகை (kētakai); கைதை (kaitai)

→ Telugu: కేతకి (kētaki)

→ Tulu: ಕೇತಗೆ (kētage), ಕೇದಗೆ (kēdage), ಕೇದಯಿ (kēdayi), ಕೇದಿಗೆ (kēdige)

8th c., Bhavabhuti, Uttararāmacarita (Rama's Last Act), Prelude to act III:
किसलयमिव मुग्धं बन्धनाद्विप्रलूनम् । हृदय कुसुम शोषी दारुणो दीर्घ शोकः
ग्लपयति परिपाण्डु क्षाममस्याः शरीरं । शरदि ज इव धर्मः केतकी गर्भ पत्रं ॥
kisalayam iva mugdhaṃ bandhanād vipralūnam / ḥrdaya kusuma śoṣī dāruṇo dīrgha śokaḥ
glapayati paripāṇḍu kṣāmam asyāḥ śarīraṃ / śaradi ja iva dharmaḥ ketakī garbha patram.
Like a tender bud sheared off from its stem / her pallid and haggard body has been withered
by long hard grief parching her heart’s flower / like autumn heat a leaf in a ketaki bud.

screw pine (Pandanus fascicularis or odoratissimus) (MBh., R., Megh. etc.)


क्षितिज

From क्षिति (kṣiti, “earth”), Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ṭṣítiṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćšítiš, from Proto-Indo-European *tḱí-ti-s, from *tḱey- (“to settle, live”). Cognate with Ancient Greek Ancient Greek κτίσις (ktísis, “founding, setting”), Avestan 𐬱𐬌𐬙𐬌 (šiti).

cog

Name of the demon Naraka killed by Viṣṇu


साम्राज्य

sā́mrājya (romanization)
साम्राज्यम् (nominative singular)
साम्राज्ये (dual nominative)
साम्राज्यानि (nominative plural)
साम्राज्या1 (nominative plural)
साम्राज्य (singular vocative)
साम्राज्ये (dual vocative)
साम्राज्यानि (plural vocative)
साम्राज्या1 (plural vocative)
साम्राज्यम् (accusative singular)
साम्राज्ये (accusative dual)
साम्राज्यानि (accusative plural)
साम्राज्या1 (accusative plural)
साम्राज्येन (instrumental singular)
साम्राज्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
साम्राज्यैः (instrumental plural)
साम्राज्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
साम्राज्याय (dative singular)
साम्राज्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
साम्राज्येभ्यः (dative plural)
साम्राज्यात् (ablative singular)
साम्राज्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
साम्राज्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
साम्राज्यस्य (genitive singular)
साम्राज्ययोः (dual genitive)
साम्राज्यानाम् (genitive plural)
साम्राज्ये (locative singular)
साम्राज्ययोः (dual locative)
साम्राज्येषु (locative plural)

/sɑ́ːm.ɾɑːd͡ʑ.jɐ/

/s̪ɑːmˈɾɑːd͡ʑ.jɐ/

Vrddhi derivative of सम्राज् (samrā́j) with a -य (-ya) extension.


कर्म

कर्मन् कर्मन्#Sanskrit

nominative/accusative singular of कर्मन् (kárman)


नायक

nāyaka (romanization)
नायकः (nominative singular)
नायकौ (dual nominative)
नायका1 (dual nominative)
नायकाः (nominative plural)
नायकासः1 (nominative plural)
नायक (singular vocative)
नायकौ (dual vocative)
नायका1 (dual vocative)
नायकाः (plural vocative)
नायकासः1 (plural vocative)
नायकम् (accusative singular)
नायकौ (accusative dual)
नायका1 (accusative dual)
नायकान् (accusative plural)
नायकेन (instrumental singular)
नायकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नायकैः (instrumental plural)
नायकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नायकाय (dative singular)
नायकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नायकेभ्यः (dative plural)
नायकात् (ablative singular)
नायकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नायकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नायकस्य (genitive singular)
नायकयोः (dual genitive)
नायकानाम् (genitive plural)
नायके (locative singular)
नायकयोः (dual locative)
नायकेषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: নায়ক (naẏok) (learned)

→ Hindi: नायक (nāyak) (learned)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: nāyaka (“chief, leader, commander”)
Javanese: ꦤꦪꦏ (nayaka, “leader, adviser, minister”)
→ Malay: nayaka (“minister”)
Indonesian: nayaka (“minister”)

→ Tamil: நாயகன் (nāyakaṉ) (learned)

→ Telugu: నాయకుడు (nāyakuḍu) (learned)

→ Portuguese: naique

Vṛddhi derivative of नी (nī, “to guide, govern”, root) + -अक (-aka).


ईर्ष्या

sa-noun

ईर्ष्या • (īrṣyā) stem, f

īrṣyā (romanization)
ईर्ष्या (nominative singular)
ईर्ष्ये (dual nominative)
ईर्ष्याः (nominative plural)
ईर्ष्ये (singular vocative)
ईर्ष्ये (dual vocative)
ईर्ष्याः (plural vocative)
ईर्ष्याम् (accusative singular)
ईर्ष्ये (accusative dual)
ईर्ष्याः (accusative plural)
ईर्ष्यया (instrumental singular)
ईर्ष्या1 (instrumental singular)
ईर्ष्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ईर्ष्याभिः (instrumental plural)
ईर्ष्यायै (dative singular)
ईर्ष्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
ईर्ष्याभ्यः (dative plural)
ईर्ष्यायाः (ablative singular)
ईर्ष्यायै2 (ablative singular)
ईर्ष्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ईर्ष्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
ईर्ष्यायाः (genitive singular)
ईर्ष्यायै2 (genitive singular)
ईर्ष्ययोः (dual genitive)
ईर्ष्याणाम् (genitive plural)
ईर्ष्यायाम् (locative singular)
ईर्ष्ययोः (dual locative)
ईर्ष्यासु (locative plural)

Magahi: 𑂅𑂩𑂹𑂎𑂰 (irkhā)

From a root ईर्ष्य् (īrṣy). See ईर्ष्यति (īrṣyati) for more.

envy or impatience over another's success, jealousy


अद्रि

ádri (romanization)
अद्रिः (nominative singular)
अद्री (dual nominative)
अद्रयः (nominative plural)
अद्रे (singular vocative)
अद्री (dual vocative)
अद्रयः (plural vocative)
अद्रिम् (accusative singular)
अद्री (accusative dual)
अद्रीन् (accusative plural)
अद्रिणा (instrumental singular)
अद्र्या1 (instrumental singular)
अद्रिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अद्रिभिः (instrumental plural)
अद्रये (dative singular)
अद्रिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अद्रिभ्यः (dative plural)
अद्रेः (ablative singular)
अद्रिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अद्रिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अद्रेः (genitive singular)
अद्र्योः (dual genitive)
अद्रीणाम् (genitive plural)
अद्रौ (locative singular)
अद्रा1 (locative singular)
अद्र्योः (dual locative)
अद्रिषु (locative plural)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: adri (“mountain”), ardi
Javanese: ꦲꦢꦿꦶ (adri), ꦢꦿꦶ (dri), ꦉꦢꦶ (redi)
→ Balinese: ᬅᬤ᭄ᬭᬶ (adri, “mountain”)
→ Malay: adri (“mountain”)
Indonesian: adri (“mountain”)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hádriṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hádriš, from Proto-Indo-European *Hód-ris, from *Hond- (“stone”). Cognate with Middle Irish ond.

अ॒यं नि॒धिः स॑रमे॒ अद्रि॑बुध्नो॒ गोभि॒रश्वे॑भि॒र्वसु॑भि॒र्न्यृ॑ष्टः।
रक्ष॑न्ति॒ तं प॒णयो॒ ये सु॑गो॒पा रेकु॑ प॒दमल॑क॒मा ज॑गन्थ॥
ayáṃ nidhíḥ sarame ádribudhno góbhiráśvebhirvásubhirnyṛ̀ṣṭaḥ.
rákṣanti táṃ paṇáyo yé sugopā́ réku padámálakamā́ jagantha.
Paved with the rock is this our treasure-chamber; filled full of precious things, of kine, and horses.

These Paṇis who are watchful keepers guard it. In vain hast thou approached this lonely station.


पुर्

púr (romanization)
पूः (nominative singular)
पुरौ (dual nominative)
पुरा1 (dual nominative)
पुरः (nominative plural)
पूः (singular vocative)
पुरौ (dual vocative)
पुरा1 (dual vocative)
पुरः (plural vocative)
पुरम् (accusative singular)
पुरौ (accusative dual)
पुरा1 (accusative dual)
पुरः (accusative plural)
पुरा (instrumental singular)
पूर्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पूर्भिः (instrumental plural)
पुरे (dative singular)
पूर्भ्याम् (dative dual)
पूर्भ्यः (dative plural)
पुरः (ablative singular)
पूर्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
पूर्भ्यः (ablative plural)
पुरः (genitive singular)
पुरोः (dual genitive)
पुराम् (genitive plural)
पुरि (locative singular)
पुरोः (dual locative)
पूर्षु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *(t)pĺ̥H (“city, fortress, stronghold”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πτόλις (ptólis), πόλις (pólis), Lithuanian pilis, Latvian pils.

inh

प्र क्षोदसा धायसा सस्र एषा सरस्वती धरुणमायसी पूः।
pra kṣodasā dhāyasā sasra eṣā sarasvatī dharuṇamāyasī pūḥ.

THIS stream Sarasvatī with fostering current comes forth, our sure defence, our fort of iron.


वर्ण

várṇa (romanization)
वर्णः (nominative singular)
वर्णौ (dual nominative)
वर्णा1 (dual nominative)
वर्णाः (nominative plural)
वर्णासः1 (nominative plural)
वर्ण (singular vocative)
वर्णौ (dual vocative)
वर्णा1 (dual vocative)
वर्णाः (plural vocative)
वर्णासः1 (plural vocative)
वर्णम् (accusative singular)
वर्णौ (accusative dual)
वर्णा1 (accusative dual)
वर्णान् (accusative plural)
वर्णेन (instrumental singular)
वर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्णैः (instrumental plural)
वर्णेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वर्णाय (dative singular)
वर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्णात् (ablative singular)
वर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्णस्य (genitive singular)
वर्णयोः (dual genitive)
वर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
वर्णे (locative singular)
वर्णयोः (dual locative)
वर्णेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wárnas, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to cover”). By surface analysis, वृ (vṛ, “cover”, root) + -न (-na). Compare वृणोति (vṛṇoti, “to cover”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬵 (var^ənah, “covering”), English warn.

surf

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

outward appearance, exterior, figure, form, shape, color

color of the face, (esp. good color or complexion), luster, beauty

(by extension) race, species, kind, caste

color, tint, dye, pigment
race, species, kind, caste

the order or arrangement of a song or poem


वर्ण

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡 (vaṇṇa)
Gujarati: વાન (vān)
Hindi: बान (bān)
Old Marathi: 𑘪𑘰𑘜 (vāṇa), 𑘪𑘰𑘜𑘹𑘽 (vāṇeṃ), 𑘪𑘰𑘡 (vāna)
Marathi: वाण (vāṇ)
→ Tamil: வண்ணம் (vaṇṇam) (or from Pali)
→ Telugu: వన్నె (vanne)
→ Kannada: ಬಣ್ಣ (baṇṇa)

Pali: vaṇṇa
→ Burmese: ဝဏ္ဏ (wanna.)
→ Kannada: ಬಣ್ಣ (baṇṇa, “color”)
→ Khmer: វណ្ណ (vannaʼ)
→ Tamil: வண்ணம் (vaṇṇam) (or from Prakrit)

→ Assamese: বৰ্ণ (borno)

→ Early Assamese: বৰণ (boroṇo)

Assamese: বৰণ (boron)

→ Bengali: বরন (boron), বর্ণ (borno)

→ Santali: ᱵᱳᱨᱳᱱ (boron)

→ English: varna

→ Gujarati: વર્ણ (varṇ)

→ Hindi: वर्ण (varṇ)

→ Kannada: ವರ್ಣ (varṇa)

→ Khmer: ពណ៌ (pɔə)

→ Madurese: bârna

→ Malay: warna (ورنا), rona (رونا) (through metathesis)

Indonesian: warna

→ Marathi: वर्ण (varṇa)

→ Old Marathi: 𑘪𑘨𑘿𑘜 (varṇa)

→ Old Javanese: warṇa
> Javanese: ꦮꦂꦤ (warna) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬯᬃᬡ (warna)

→ Tamil: வர்ணம் (varṇam) (learned)

→ Telugu: వర్ణము (varṇamu)

→ Thai: วรรณ (wan)

Probably a semantic extension of the "color, species" meaning above.

a musical sound or note (also applied to the voice of animals)


गविष्टि

gáviṣṭi (romanization)
गविष्टिः (nominative singular)
गविष्टी (dual nominative)
गविष्टयः (nominative plural)
गविष्टे (singular vocative)
गविष्टी (dual vocative)
गविष्टयः (plural vocative)
गविष्टिम् (accusative singular)
गविष्टी (accusative dual)
गविष्टीः (accusative plural)
गविष्ट्या (instrumental singular)
गविष्टिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गविष्टिभिः (instrumental plural)
गविष्ट्यै (dative singular)
गविष्टये (dative singular)
गविष्टिभ्याम् (dative dual)
गविष्टिभ्यः (dative plural)
गविष्ट्याः (ablative singular)
गविष्टेः (ablative singular)
गविष्टिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गविष्टिभ्यः (ablative plural)
गविष्ट्याः (genitive singular)
गविष्टेः (genitive singular)
गविष्ट्योः (dual genitive)
गविष्टीनाम् (genitive plural)
गविष्ट्याम् (locative singular)
गविष्टौ (locative singular)
गविष्ट्योः (dual locative)
गविष्टिषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine i-stem declension of गविष्टि

गविष्टिभ्याम्

गविष्ट्यै / गविष्टये

गविष्टिभ्याम्

गविष्ट्याः / गविष्टेः

गविष्टिभ्याम्

गविष्ट्याः / गविष्टेः

गविष्ट्याम् / गविष्टौ

sa-decl-noun/cell

गविष्ट्याः / गविष्टेः

गविष्टिभ्याम्

गविष्ट्यै / गविष्टये

गविष्टिभ्याम्

गविष्ट्याः / गविष्टेः

गविष्टिभ्याम्

गविष्ट्याः / गविष्टेः

गविष्ट्याम् / गविष्टौ

/ɡɐ́.ʋiʂ.ʈi/

From गविष् (gavíṣ, “wishing for cows, desirous (in general), eager, fervent”) + -ति (-ti), from गो (gó, “cow”) + इष् (√iṣ, “to endeavour to obtain, strive, seek”).


गृहपति

gṛhapáti (romanization)
गृहपतिः (nominative singular)
गृहपती (dual nominative)
गृहपतयः (nominative plural)
गृहपते (singular vocative)
गृहपती (dual vocative)
गृहपतयः (plural vocative)
गृहपतिम् (accusative singular)
गृहपती (accusative dual)
गृहपतीन् (accusative plural)
गृहपतिना (instrumental singular)
गृहपत्या1 (instrumental singular)
गृहपतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गृहपतिभिः (instrumental plural)
गृहपतये (dative singular)
गृहपतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
गृहपतिभ्यः (dative plural)
गृहपतेः (ablative singular)
गृहपत्यः1 (ablative singular)
गृहपतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गृहपतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
गृहपतेः (genitive singular)
गृहपत्यः1 (genitive singular)
गृहपत्योः (dual genitive)
गृहपतीनाम् (genitive plural)
गृहपतौ (locative singular)
गृहपता1 (locative singular)
गृहपत्योः (dual locative)
गृहपतिषु (locative plural)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀕𑀺𑀳𑀯𑀇 (gihavaï), 𑀕𑀳𑀯𑀇 (gahavaï)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ގެވެހި (gevehi), ގެވަށި (gevaṣi)

Sinhalese: ගැහවියා (gæhawiyā), ගැහවි (gæhawi)

Compound of गृह (gṛhá, “house”) + पति (páti, “lord”).


इन्दु

índu (romanization)
इन्दुः (nominative singular)
इन्दू (dual nominative)
इन्दवः (nominative plural)
इन्दो (singular vocative)
इन्दू (dual vocative)
इन्दवः (plural vocative)
इन्दुम् (accusative singular)
इन्दू (accusative dual)
इन्दून् (accusative plural)
इन्दुना (instrumental singular)
इन्द्वा1 (instrumental singular)
इन्दुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इन्दुभिः (instrumental plural)
इन्दवे (dative singular)
इन्दुभ्याम् (dative dual)
इन्दुभ्यः (dative plural)
इन्दोः (ablative singular)
इन्दुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इन्दुभ्यः (ablative plural)
इन्दोः (genitive singular)
इन्द्वोः (dual genitive)
इन्दूनाम् (genitive plural)
इन्दौ (locative singular)
इन्द्वोः (dual locative)
इन्दुषु (locative plural)

Assamese: ইন্দু (indu)

Bengali: ইন্দু (indu)

Gujarati: ઇન્દુ (indu)

Hindi: इन्दु (indu), इंदु (indu)

Javanese: ꦆꦤ꧀ꦢꦸ (indu)

Kannada: ಇಂದು (indu)

Khmer: ឥន្ទុ (ʼɨn)

Malayalam: ഇന്ദു (indu)

Marathi: इण्दु (iṇdu)

Odia: ଇନ୍ଦୁ (indu)

Telugu: ఇందు (indu)

Related to the root उन्द् (und, “to flow or issue out, spring (as water); to wet, bathe”), ultimately root cognate with English water. Compare Latin unda (“wave”).

a drop, especially of Soma (Vedic), a bright drop, a spark (Vedic)

the moon; time of moonlight, night (Vedic); (in the plural) the periodic changes of the moon

a point, the point on a die (AV 7.109.6), a symbolic expression for the number "one"; designation of the Anusvara


श्रद्धा

śraddhā́ (romanization)
श्रद्धा (nominative singular)
श्रद्धे (dual nominative)
श्रद्धाः (nominative plural)
श्रद्धे (singular vocative)
श्रद्धे (dual vocative)
श्रद्धाः (plural vocative)
श्रद्धाम् (accusative singular)
श्रद्धे (accusative dual)
श्रद्धाः (accusative plural)
श्रद्धया (instrumental singular)
श्रद्धा1 (instrumental singular)
श्रद्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रद्धाभिः (instrumental plural)
श्रद्धायै (dative singular)
श्रद्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रद्धाभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रद्धायाः (ablative singular)
श्रद्धायै2 (ablative singular)
श्रद्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रद्धाभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रद्धायाः (genitive singular)
श्रद्धायै2 (genitive singular)
श्रद्धयोः (dual genitive)
श्रद्धानाम् (genitive plural)
श्रद्धायाम् (locative singular)
श्रद्धयोः (dual locative)
श्रद्धासु (locative plural)

/ɕɾɐd.dʱɑ́ː/

[ɕɾɐd̚.dʱɑ́ː]

/ˈɕɾɐd̪.d̪ʱɑː/

[ˈɕɾɐd̪̚.d̪ʱɑː]

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćradᶻdʰáH (“faith, trust, belief”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱred-dʰh₁-éh₂, from *ḱred dʰeh₁- (“to place one's heart, to believe”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬭𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬁 (zrazdā), Latin crēdō (“I believe”), Old Irish creitid.

inh

आ प॑वस्व दिशां पत आर्जी॒कात्सो॑म मीढ्वः ।
ऋ॒त॒वा॒केन॑ स॒त्येन॑ श्र॒द्धया॒ तप॑सा सु॒त इन्द्रा॑येन्दो॒ परि॑ स्रव ॥
ā́ pavasva diśāṃ pata ārjīkā́tsoma mīḍhvaḥ.

Lord of the Quarters, flow thou on, boon Soma, from Arjika land,
Effused with ardour and with faith, and the true hymn of sacrifice. Flow, Indu, flow for Indra's sake.

ṛtavākéna satyéna śraddháyā tápasā sutá índrāyendo pári srava.

faith, trust, confidence, loyalty, belief in


मन्यु

manyú (romanization)
मन्युः (nominative singular)
मन्यू (dual nominative)
मन्यवः (nominative plural)
मन्यो (singular vocative)
मन्यू (dual vocative)
मन्यवः (plural vocative)
मन्युम् (accusative singular)
मन्यू (accusative dual)
मन्यून् (accusative plural)
मन्युना (instrumental singular)
मन्य्वा1 (instrumental singular)
मन्युभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मन्युभिः (instrumental plural)
मन्यवे (dative singular)
मन्युभ्याम् (dative dual)
मन्युभ्यः (dative plural)
मन्योः (ablative singular)
मन्युभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मन्युभ्यः (ablative plural)
मन्योः (genitive singular)
मन्य्वोः (dual genitive)
मन्यूनाम् (genitive plural)
मन्यौ (locative singular)
मन्य्वोः (dual locative)
मन्युषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *manyúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *manyúš. Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (maⁱniiu), 𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (aŋra.maⁱniiu) (whence English Angra Mainyu).


धातृ

dhātṛ́ (romanization)
धाता (nominative singular)
धातारौ (dual nominative)
धातारा1 (dual nominative)
धातारः (nominative plural)
धातः (singular vocative)
धातारौ (dual vocative)
धातारा1 (dual vocative)
धातारः (plural vocative)
धातारम् (accusative singular)
धातारौ (accusative dual)
धातारा1 (accusative dual)
धातॄन् (accusative plural)
धात्रा (instrumental singular)
धातृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धातृभिः (instrumental plural)
धात्रे (dative singular)
धातृभ्याम् (dative dual)
धातृभ्यः (dative plural)
धातुः (ablative singular)
धातृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धातृभ्यः (ablative plural)
धातुः (genitive singular)
धात्रोः (dual genitive)
धातॄणाम् (genitive plural)
धातरि (locative singular)
धात्रोः (dual locative)
धातृषु (locative plural)

/ˈd̪ʱɑː.t̪r̩/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰaHtā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰaHtā́, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-tḗr, from *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (dātar).

the god who is responsible for the creation and maintenance of existence


प्रजापति

prajāpáti (romanization)
प्रजापतिः (nominative singular)
प्रजापती (dual nominative)
प्रजापतयः (nominative plural)
प्रजापते (singular vocative)
प्रजापती (dual vocative)
प्रजापतयः (plural vocative)
प्रजापतिम् (accusative singular)
प्रजापती (accusative dual)
प्रजापतीन् (accusative plural)
प्रजापतिना (instrumental singular)
प्रजापत्या1 (instrumental singular)
प्रजापतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रजापतिभिः (instrumental plural)
प्रजापतये (dative singular)
प्रजापतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रजापतिभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रजापतेः (ablative singular)
प्रजापत्यः1 (ablative singular)
प्रजापतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रजापतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रजापतेः (genitive singular)
प्रजापत्यः1 (genitive singular)
प्रजापत्योः (dual genitive)
प्रजापतीनाम् (genitive plural)
प्रजापतौ (locative singular)
प्रजापता1 (locative singular)
प्रजापत्योः (dual locative)
प्रजापतिषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: প্রজাপতি (prôjapôti)

→ English: Prajapati

/pɾɐˈd͡ʑɑː.pɐ.t̪i/

Compound of प्रजा (prajā́, “creatures”) + पति (páti, “lord”).

com+

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

(Vedic religion, Hinduism) Prajapati, a deity later identified with Brahma.


अदिति

áditi (romanization)
अदितिः (nominative singular)
अदिती (dual nominative)
अदितयः (nominative plural)
अदिते (singular vocative)
अदिती (dual vocative)
अदितयः (plural vocative)
अदितिम् (accusative singular)
अदिती (accusative dual)
अदितीः (accusative plural)
अदित्या (instrumental singular)
अदिती1 (instrumental singular)
अदितिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अदितिभिः (instrumental plural)
अदितये (dative singular)
अदित्यै2 (dative singular)
अदिती1 (dative singular)
अदितिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अदितिभ्यः (dative plural)
अदितेः (ablative singular)
अदित्याः2 (ablative singular)
अदित्यै3 (ablative singular)
अदितिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अदितिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अदितेः (genitive singular)
अदित्याः2 (genitive singular)
अदित्यै3 (genitive singular)
अदित्योः (dual genitive)
अदितीनाम् (genitive plural)
अदितौ (locative singular)
अदित्याम्2 (locative singular)
अदिता1 (locative singular)
अदित्योः (dual locative)
अदितिषु (locative plural)

From अ- (a-, “not”) + दिति (diti), from the root दा (dā, “to bind”): "being unbound".


अदिति

aditi (romanization)
अदितिः (nominative singular)
अदिती (dual nominative)
अदितयः (nominative plural)
अदिते (singular vocative)
अदिती (dual vocative)
अदितयः (plural vocative)
अदितिम् (accusative singular)
अदिती (accusative dual)
अदितीन् (accusative plural)
अदितिना (instrumental singular)
अदित्या1 (instrumental singular)
अदितिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अदितिभिः (instrumental plural)
अदितये (dative singular)
अदितिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अदितिभ्यः (dative plural)
अदितेः (ablative singular)
अदित्यः1 (ablative singular)
अदितिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अदितिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अदितेः (genitive singular)
अदित्यः1 (genitive singular)
अदित्योः (dual genitive)
अदितीनाम् (genitive plural)
अदितौ (locative singular)
अदिता1 (locative singular)
अदित्योः (dual locative)
अदितिषु (locative plural)


अघ्न्या

aghnyā́ (romanization)
ághnyā (romanization)
अघ्न्या (nominative singular)
अघ्न्ये (dual nominative)
अघ्न्याः (nominative plural)
अघ्न्ये (singular vocative)
अघ्न्ये (dual vocative)
अघ्न्याः (plural vocative)
अघ्न्याम् (accusative singular)
अघ्न्ये (accusative dual)
अघ्न्याः (accusative plural)
अघ्न्यया (instrumental singular)
अघ्न्या1 (instrumental singular)
अघ्न्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अघ्न्याभिः (instrumental plural)
अघ्न्यायै (dative singular)
अघ्न्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
अघ्न्याभ्यः (dative plural)
अघ्न्यायाः (ablative singular)
अघ्न्यायै2 (ablative singular)
अघ्न्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अघ्न्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
अघ्न्यायाः (genitive singular)
अघ्न्यायै2 (genitive singular)
अघ्न्ययोः (dual genitive)
अघ्न्यानाम् (genitive plural)
अघ्न्यायाम् (locative singular)
अघ्न्ययोः (dual locative)
अघ्न्यासु (locative plural)
अघ्न्या (nominative singular)
अघ्न्ये (dual nominative)
अघ्न्याः (nominative plural)
अघ्न्ये (singular vocative)
अघ्न्ये (dual vocative)
अघ्न्याः (plural vocative)
अघ्न्याम् (accusative singular)
अघ्न्ये (accusative dual)
अघ्न्याः (accusative plural)
अघ्न्यया (instrumental singular)
अघ्न्या1 (instrumental singular)
अघ्न्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अघ्न्याभिः (instrumental plural)
अघ्न्यायै (dative singular)
अघ्न्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
अघ्न्याभ्यः (dative plural)
अघ्न्यायाः (ablative singular)
अघ्न्यायै2 (ablative singular)
अघ्न्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अघ्न्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
अघ्न्यायाः (genitive singular)
अघ्न्यायै2 (genitive singular)
अघ्न्ययोः (dual genitive)
अघ्न्यानाम् (genitive plural)
अघ्न्यायाम् (locative singular)
अघ्न्ययोः (dual locative)
अघ्न्यासु (locative plural)

/ɐɡʱ.n̪jɑ́ː/

[ɐɡʱ.j̃jɑ́ː]

/ɐ́ɡʱ.n̪jɑː/

[ɐ́ɡʱ.j̃jɑː]

/ˈɐɡʱ.n̪jɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *agʰnyáH (“milch cow”, literally “not to be killed”), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-gʷʰn̥-yéh₂ (literally “not to be killed”), from *gʷʰen- (“to kill”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬔𐬆𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬁 (agəniiā, “milch cow”).

inh

म॒हान्तं॒ कोश॒म् उद् अ॑चा॒ नि षि॑ञ्च॒ स्यन्द॑न्तां कु॒ल्या विषि॑ताः पु॒रस्ता॑त् ।
घृ॒तेन॒ द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी व्य् उ॑न्धि सुप्रपा॒णं भ॑वत्व् अ॒घ्न्याभ्यः॑ ॥
mahā́ntaṃ kóśam úd acā ní ṣiñca syándantāṃ kulyā́ víṣitāḥ purástāt.

Lift up the mighty vessel, pour down water, and let the liberated streams rush forward.
Saturate both the earth and heaven with clarified butter, and for the cows let there be drink abundant.

ghṛténa dyā́vāpṛthivī́ vy undhi suprapāṇáṃ bhavatv aghnyā́bhyaḥ.


ओषधि

óṣadhi (romanization)
ओषधिः (nominative singular)
ओषधी (dual nominative)
ओषधयः (nominative plural)
ओषधे (singular vocative)
ओषधी (dual vocative)
ओषधयः (plural vocative)
ओषधिम् (accusative singular)
ओषधी (accusative dual)
ओषधीः (accusative plural)
ओषध्या (instrumental singular)
ओषधी1 (instrumental singular)
ओषधिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ओषधिभिः (instrumental plural)
ओषधये (dative singular)
ओषध्यै2 (dative singular)
ओषधी1 (dative singular)
ओषधिभ्याम् (dative dual)
ओषधिभ्यः (dative plural)
ओषधेः (ablative singular)
ओषध्याः2 (ablative singular)
ओषध्यै3 (ablative singular)
ओषधिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ओषधिभ्यः (ablative plural)
ओषधेः (genitive singular)
ओषध्याः2 (genitive singular)
ओषध्यै3 (genitive singular)
ओषध्योः (dual genitive)
ओषधीनाम् (genitive plural)
ओषधौ (locative singular)
ओषध्याम्2 (locative singular)
ओषधा1 (locative singular)
ओषध्योः (dual locative)
ओषधिषु (locative plural)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: oṣadhi
→ Balinese: ᬑᬱᬥᬶ (osadi)

Of unclear origin. The latter component, धि (dhi), is likely derived from the root धा (dhā, “to put, place”). The former component, ओष् (oṣ), has been subject to vigorous debate and multiple competing theories:
* Related to अवस् (avas, “favor, protection”) and अवस (avasa, “refreshment, food, provisions”).
* Derived from the root उष् (uṣ, “to burn”).
* Related to Gothic 𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌹𐌶𐌰 (iusiza, “better”) or Lithuanian auštis (“to refresh, revive”).

cog

यस्य॑ व्र॒ते पृ॑थि॒वी नन्न॑मीति॒ यस्य॑ व्र॒ते श॒फव॒ज्जर्भु॑रीति।
यस्य॑ व्र॒त ओष॑धीर्वि॒श्वरू॑पा॒: स न॑: पर्जन्य॒ महि॒ शर्म॑ यच्छ॥
yásya vraté pṛthivī́ nánnamīti yásya vraté śaphávajjárbhurīti.

Do you, Parjanya, through whose function the earth is bowed down; through whose function hoofed cattle thrive; through whose function plants assume all kinds of forms, grant us great felicity.

yásya vratá óṣadhīrviśvárūpā: sá na: parjanya máhi śárma yaccha.

an herb, plant, especially a medicinal herb

an annual plant or herb (which dies after becoming ripe)


सुर

sura (romanization)
सुरः (nominative singular)
सुरौ (dual nominative)
सुरा1 (dual nominative)
सुराः (nominative plural)
सुरासः1 (nominative plural)
सुर (singular vocative)
सुरौ (dual vocative)
सुरा1 (dual vocative)
सुराः (plural vocative)
सुरासः1 (plural vocative)
सुरम् (accusative singular)
सुरौ (accusative dual)
सुरा1 (accusative dual)
सुरान् (accusative plural)
सुरेण (instrumental singular)
सुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सुरैः (instrumental plural)
सुरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सुराय (dative singular)
सुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
सुरेभ्यः (dative plural)
सुरात् (ablative singular)
सुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सुरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सुरस्य (genitive singular)
सुरयोः (dual genitive)
सुराणाम् (genitive plural)
सुरे (locative singular)
सुरयोः (dual locative)
सुरेषु (locative plural)

Hindi: सुर (sur)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: sura
> Javanese: ꦱꦸꦫ (sura) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬲᬸᬭ (sura)

Probably from स्वर् (svar, “heaven”), or from असुर (asura) as an antonym, cf. Avestan 𐬀𐬵𐬎 (ahu, “lord; life, existence”) and 𐬀𐬵𐬎𐬭𐬀 (ahura, “lord”), Hittite 𒈗 (ḥaššū, “king”), Old Norse æsir (“gods”) and Old English ōs (“god”). Possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ens- (“to engender, beget”).


दास

dā́sa (romanization)
Ṛgvedic dáasa (romanization)
दासः (nominative singular)
दासौ (dual nominative)
दासा1 (dual nominative)
दासाः (nominative plural)
दासासः1 (nominative plural)
दास (singular vocative)
दासौ (dual vocative)
दासा1 (dual vocative)
दासाः (plural vocative)
दासासः1 (plural vocative)
दासम् (accusative singular)
दासौ (accusative dual)
दासा1 (accusative dual)
दासान् (accusative plural)
दासेन (instrumental singular)
दासाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दासैः (instrumental plural)
दासेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दासाय (dative singular)
दासाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दासेभ्यः (dative plural)
दासात् (ablative singular)
दासाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दासेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दासस्य (genitive singular)
दासयोः (dual genitive)
दासानाम् (genitive plural)
दासे (locative singular)
दासयोः (dual locative)
दासेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit:

Prakrit:

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: දාසයා (dāsayā)

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: दास (dās)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Kamarupi Prakrit:

Early Assamese:

Middle Assamese:

Assamese: দাস (dax)

Old Bengali:

Middle Bengali:

Bengali: দাস (daś)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀤𑀸𑀲 (dāsa)

Romani: das

Hindi: दास (dās)

Pali: dāsa

desctree

→ Old Javanese: dāsa
> Javanese: ꦢꦱ (dasa) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬤᬵᬲ (dasa)

→ Telugu: దాసుడు (dāsuḍu)

→ Thai: ทาส (tâat)

Related to Proto-Indo-Iranian *dásyuš (“enemy, foreigner, foreign people, foreign land”), from Proto-Indo-European *des- (“enemy, foreigner”).
See also Old Persian 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢 (d-h-y-a-u /dahạyau/, “land, country”), Persian ده, Old Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬒𐬌𐬌𐬎 (dax́iiu, “country”), Younger Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬣𐬵𐬎 (daŋ́hu). Ancient Greek δοῦλος (doûlos, “slave”) perhaps belongs in this group as well. Related to दस्यु (dasyu, “barbarian”).

cog

វិវធ៌យន្តិយេទេវ
ភូមិទាសាំគ្ច*ធាម្ម៌ិកាះ
ស្វគ្គ៌េតេសវ្វ៌ទេវេន
បូជ្យន្តាន្និត្យសំបទះ ៕
* Read គ្ច as ឝ្ច

900-1100 AD; copied later, Arlo Griffiths, Kunthea Chhom, “A problematic inscription (K.1237)”, in Udaya: Journal of Khmer Studies, volume 14 (PDF), Yosothor, published 2019, halshs-02168837, page 10:

The pious ones who make the god's land and servants prosper, may they be honoured in heaven by all the gods and always be prosperous.

vivardhayanti ye deva
bhūmidāsāṃś ca dhārmmikāḥ
svargge te sarvvadevena
pūjyantān nityasaṃpadaḥ ॥