अङ्गुलीय

aṅgulīya (romanization)
अङ्गुलीयः (nominative singular)
अङ्गुलीयौ (dual nominative)
अङ्गुलीया1 (dual nominative)
अङ्गुलीयाः (nominative plural)
अङ्गुलीयासः1 (nominative plural)
अङ्गुलीय (singular vocative)
अङ्गुलीयौ (dual vocative)
अङ्गुलीया1 (dual vocative)
अङ्गुलीयाः (plural vocative)
अङ्गुलीयासः1 (plural vocative)
अङ्गुलीयम् (accusative singular)
अङ्गुलीयौ (accusative dual)
अङ्गुलीया1 (accusative dual)
अङ्गुलीयान् (accusative plural)
अङ्गुलीयेन (instrumental singular)
अङ्गुलीयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अङ्गुलीयैः (instrumental plural)
अङ्गुलीयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अङ्गुलीयाय (dative singular)
अङ्गुलीयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अङ्गुलीयेभ्यः (dative plural)
अङ्गुलीयात् (ablative singular)
अङ्गुलीयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अङ्गुलीयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अङ्गुलीयस्य (genitive singular)
अङ्गुलीययोः (dual genitive)
अङ्गुलीयानाम् (genitive plural)
अङ्गुलीये (locative singular)
अङ्गुलीययोः (dual locative)
अङ्गुलीयेषु (locative plural)
अङ्गुलीयम् (nominative singular)
अङ्गुलीये (dual nominative)
अङ्गुलीयानि (nominative plural)
अङ्गुलीया1 (nominative plural)
अङ्गुलीय (singular vocative)
अङ्गुलीये (dual vocative)
अङ्गुलीयानि (plural vocative)
अङ्गुलीया1 (plural vocative)
अङ्गुलीयम् (accusative singular)
अङ्गुलीये (accusative dual)
अङ्गुलीयानि (accusative plural)
अङ्गुलीया1 (accusative plural)
अङ्गुलीयेन (instrumental singular)
अङ्गुलीयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अङ्गुलीयैः (instrumental plural)
अङ्गुलीयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अङ्गुलीयाय (dative singular)
अङ्गुलीयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अङ्गुलीयेभ्यः (dative plural)
अङ्गुलीयात् (ablative singular)
अङ्गुलीयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अङ्गुलीयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अङ्गुलीयस्य (genitive singular)
अङ्गुलीययोः (dual genitive)
अङ्गुलीयानाम् (genitive plural)
अङ्गुलीये (locative singular)
अङ्गुलीययोः (dual locative)
अङ्गुलीयेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Indus Kohistani: aṅgulī

Pali: aṅguleyyaka

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀮𑀻𑀬 (aṃgulīya), 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀮𑀻𑀬𑀕 (aṃgulīyaga), 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀕 (aṃgulijjaga), 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀮𑁂𑀬𑀬 (aṃguleyaya)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Welsh Romani: vaṅlī

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އަނގޮޓި (aⁿgoṭi)


आञ्जन

āñjana (romanization)
आञ्जनम् (nominative singular)
आञ्जने (dual nominative)
आञ्जनानि (nominative plural)
आञ्जना1 (nominative plural)
आञ्जन (singular vocative)
आञ्जने (dual vocative)
आञ्जनानि (plural vocative)
आञ्जना1 (plural vocative)
आञ्जनम् (accusative singular)
आञ्जने (accusative dual)
आञ्जनानि (accusative plural)
आञ्जना1 (accusative plural)
आञ्जनेन (instrumental singular)
आञ्जनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आञ्जनैः (instrumental plural)
आञ्जनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आञ्जनाय (dative singular)
आञ्जनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आञ्जनेभ्यः (dative plural)
आञ्जनात् (ablative singular)
आञ्जनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आञ्जनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आञ्जनस्य (genitive singular)
आञ्जनयोः (dual genitive)
आञ्जनानाम् (genitive plural)
आञ्जने (locative singular)
आञ्जनयोः (dual locative)
आञ्जनेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Ashkun: aná

Waigali: anřō̃

Pali: añjana, añjanī

desc

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀚𑀡 (aṃjaṇa), 𑀅𑀁𑀚𑀡𑀕 (aṃjaṇaga)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: ā̃jan

Hindi: आंजन

Urdu: آںجَن (ā̃jan)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: আঁজন (ãjon)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: आन्णो (ānṇo), आन्ड़ो (ānṛo)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: आनो (āno)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi:

Lahnda: انڑی (ānṛī)

Khetrani: اندر (āndar)

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: āniṛo

Arabic script: آنِڙو

Devanagari script: आनिड़ो

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އަނދުން (aⁿdun̊)

Sinhalese: අඳුන් (aⁿdun), අඳුන (aⁿduna), අඳන (aⁿdana)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: añjaṇa

Devanagari script: अंजण

Latin script: onjonn

Kannada script: ಅಂಜಣ

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: આંજણ (ā̃jaṇ)

/ɑ́ːɲ.d͡ʑɐ.nɐ/

/ˈɑːɲ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/


अवलम्ब

Dardic:

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Prasuni: wurbók, ulbók

Pali: ōlamba, ōlambaka

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀯𑀮𑀁𑀩 (avalaṃba), 𑀅𑀯𑀮𑀁𑀩𑀕 (avalaṃbaga), 𑀑𑀮𑀁𑀩 (olaṃba)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ওলোম (ülüm)

Odia: ଓଳମ (oḷama), ଉଲମ (ulama)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އޮލަނބު (olaᵐbu)

Sinhalese: ලඹ (laᵐba), ඔලම්බු (olambu)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: ओळंबा (oḷambā)

⇒ Marathi: ओळंबणे (oḷambṇe)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: ઓળંબા (oḷṃbā)

/ɐ.ʋɐˈl̪ɐm.bɐ/


इञ्चाक

iñcāka (romanization)
इञ्चाकः (nominative singular)
इञ्चाकौ (dual nominative)
इञ्चाका1 (dual nominative)
इञ्चाकाः (nominative plural)
इञ्चाकासः1 (nominative plural)
इञ्चाक (singular vocative)
इञ्चाकौ (dual vocative)
इञ्चाका1 (dual vocative)
इञ्चाकाः (plural vocative)
इञ्चाकासः1 (plural vocative)
इञ्चाकम् (accusative singular)
इञ्चाकौ (accusative dual)
इञ्चाका1 (accusative dual)
इञ्चाकान् (accusative plural)
इञ्चाकेन (instrumental singular)
इञ्चाकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इञ्चाकैः (instrumental plural)
इञ्चाकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
इञ्चाकाय (dative singular)
इञ्चाकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
इञ्चाकेभ्यः (dative plural)
इञ्चाकात् (ablative singular)
इञ्चाकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इञ्चाकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
इञ्चाकस्य (genitive singular)
इञ्चाकयोः (dual genitive)
इञ्चाकानाम् (genitive plural)
इञ्चाके (locative singular)
इञ्चाकयोः (dual locative)
इञ्चाकेषु (locative plural)

Eastern:

Bengali: ইচলা (icola)

Chakma: 𑄄𑄎 (ijā), 𑄃𑄨𑄎 (ijā)

Southern:

Dhivehi: އިހި (ihi)

Sinhalese: ඉසියා (isiyā), ඉහිය (ihiya), ඉස්සා (issā)

/iɲˈt͡ɕɑː.kɐ/


उद्वान

Dardic:

Khowar: اون (awán), اوان (awān)

Central:

Hindustani: ubānā

Hindi: उबाना

Urdu: اُبَانَہ (ubāna)

/ud̪ˈʋɑː.n̪ɐ/


उद्वान

udvāna (romanization)
उद्वानम् (nominative singular)
उद्वाने (dual nominative)
उद्वानानि (nominative plural)
उद्वाना1 (nominative plural)
उद्वान (singular vocative)
उद्वाने (dual vocative)
उद्वानानि (plural vocative)
उद्वाना1 (plural vocative)
उद्वानम् (accusative singular)
उद्वाने (accusative dual)
उद्वानानि (accusative plural)
उद्वाना1 (accusative plural)
उद्वानेन (instrumental singular)
उद्वानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उद्वानैः (instrumental plural)
उद्वानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उद्वानाय (dative singular)
उद्वानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उद्वानेभ्यः (dative plural)
उद्वानात् (ablative singular)
उद्वानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उद्वानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उद्वानस्य (genitive singular)
उद्वानयोः (dual genitive)
उद्वानानाम् (genitive plural)
उद्वाने (locative singular)
उद्वानयोः (dual locative)
उद्वानेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀡 (uddāṇa)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އުނދުން (uⁿdun̊)

Sinhalese: උදුන (uduna), උඳුන (uⁿduna)

/ud̪ˈʋɑː.n̪ɐ/


ऊरु

ūrú (romanization)
ऊरुः (nominative singular)
ऊरू (dual nominative)
ऊरवः (nominative plural)
ऊरो (singular vocative)
ऊरू (dual vocative)
ऊरवः (plural vocative)
ऊरुम् (accusative singular)
ऊरू (accusative dual)
ऊरून् (accusative plural)
ऊरुणा (instrumental singular)
ऊर्वा1 (instrumental singular)
ऊरुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऊरुभिः (instrumental plural)
ऊरवे (dative singular)
ऊर्वे1 (dative singular)
ऊरुभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऊरुभ्यः (dative plural)
ऊरोः (ablative singular)
ऊर्वः1 (ablative singular)
ऊरुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऊरुभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऊरोः (genitive singular)
ऊर्वः1 (genitive singular)
ऊर्वोः (dual genitive)
ऊरूणाम् (genitive plural)
ऊरौ (locative singular)
ऊर्वोः (dual locative)
ऊरुषु (locative plural)

Pali: ūru

Prakrit: 𑀊𑀭𑀼 (ūru)

Assamese: ঊৰত (urot)

Bengali: ঊরূ (uru), ঊরু (uru)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އުރު (uru)

Sinhalese: උරුව (uruwa)

ब्रा॒ह्म॒णो॑ऽस्य॒ मुख॑मासीद्बा॒हू रा॑ज॒न्य॑: कृ॒तः।
ऊ॒रू तद॑स्य॒ यद्वैश्य॑: प॒द्भ्यां शू॒द्रो अ॑जायत॥
brāhmaṇòʼsya múkhamāsīdbāhū́ rājanyà: kṛtáḥ.
ūrū́ tádasya yádvaíśya: padbhyā́ṃ śūdró ajāyata.
The Brāhmaṇa was his mouth, of both his arms was the Rājanya made.

His thighs became the Vaiśya, from his feet the Śudra was produced.


ऊर्जस्

ūrjas (romanization)
ऊर्जः (nominative singular)
ऊर्जसी (dual nominative)
ऊर्जांसि (nominative plural)
ऊर्जः (singular vocative)
ऊर्जसी (dual vocative)
ऊर्जांसि (plural vocative)
ऊर्जः (accusative singular)
ऊर्जसी (accusative dual)
ऊर्जांसि (accusative plural)
ऊर्जसा (instrumental singular)
ऊर्जोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऊर्जोभिः (instrumental plural)
ऊर्जसे (dative singular)
ऊर्जोभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऊर्जोभ्यः (dative plural)
ऊर्जसः (ablative singular)
ऊर्जोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऊर्जोभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऊर्जसः (genitive singular)
ऊर्जसोः (dual genitive)
ऊर्जसाम् (genitive plural)
ऊर्जसि (locative singular)
ऊर्जसोः (dual locative)
ऊर्जःसु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚 (ujja)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: ūj

Hindi: ऊज

Urdu: اُوج (ūj)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Kumaoni: उज (uj̈)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އުދަ (uda)

Sinhalese: ඔද (oda)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: ओज (oj̈)

/ˈuːɾ.d͡ʑɐs̪/


ऊर्ध्वमुख

Pali: uddhamukha

Southern:

Dhivehi: އުއްޑުން (uḍḍun̊), އުޑުތިލަ (uḍutila)

Sinhalese: උඩුමුව (uḍumuwa)

ऊर्ध्‧व‧मु‧ख


भुर्वन्

bhurván (romanization)
भुर्व (nominative singular)
भुर्वणी (dual nominative)
भुर्वाणि (nominative plural)
भुर्व1 (nominative plural)
भुर्वा1 (nominative plural)
भुर्वन् (singular vocative)
भुर्व (singular vocative)
भुर्वणी (dual vocative)
भुर्वाणि (plural vocative)
भुर्व1 (plural vocative)
भुर्वा1 (plural vocative)
भुर्व (accusative singular)
भुर्वणी (accusative dual)
भुर्वाणि (accusative plural)
भुर्व1 (accusative plural)
भुर्वा1 (accusative plural)
भुर्वणा (instrumental singular)
भुर्वभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भुर्वभिः (instrumental plural)
भुर्वणे (dative singular)
भुर्वभ्याम् (dative dual)
भुर्वभ्यः (dative plural)
भुर्वणः (ablative singular)
भुर्वभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भुर्वभ्यः (ablative plural)
भुर्वणः (genitive singular)
भुर्वणोः (dual genitive)
भुर्वणाम् (genitive plural)
भुर्वणि (locative singular)
भुर्वन्1 (locative singular)
भुर्वणोः (dual locative)
भुर्वसु (locative plural)

/ˈbʱuɾ.ʋɐn̪/

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₁wr̥. Cognate with Ancient Greek φρέᾱρ (phréār).


कन्धर

kandhara (romanization)
कन्धरः (nominative singular)
कन्धरौ (dual nominative)
कन्धरा1 (dual nominative)
कन्धराः (nominative plural)
कन्धरासः1 (nominative plural)
कन्धर (singular vocative)
कन्धरौ (dual vocative)
कन्धरा1 (dual vocative)
कन्धराः (plural vocative)
कन्धरासः1 (plural vocative)
कन्धरम् (accusative singular)
कन्धरौ (accusative dual)
कन्धरा1 (accusative dual)
कन्धरान् (accusative plural)
कन्धरेण (instrumental singular)
कन्धराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कन्धरैः (instrumental plural)
कन्धरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कन्धराय (dative singular)
कन्धराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कन्धरेभ्यः (dative plural)
कन्धरात् (ablative singular)
कन्धराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कन्धरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कन्धरस्य (genitive singular)
कन्धरयोः (dual genitive)
कन्धराणाम् (genitive plural)
कन्धरे (locative singular)
कन्धरयोः (dual locative)
कन्धरेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀁𑀥𑀭𑀸 (kaṃdharā)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: kānhar

Hindi: कान्हर

Hindi: कान्हर

Urdu: کَانہَر

Urdu: کَانہَر

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Old Maithili: कान्धर

→ Dhivehi: ކަނދުރާ (kaⁿdurā), ކަނދަރަ (kaⁿdara)

→ Tamil: கந்தரம் (kantaram)

/ˈkɐn̪.d̪ʱɐ.ɾɐ/


कर्कारु

karkāru (romanization)
कर्कारुः (nominative singular)
कर्कारू (dual nominative)
कर्कारवः (nominative plural)
कर्कारो (singular vocative)
कर्कारू (dual vocative)
कर्कारवः (plural vocative)
कर्कारुम् (accusative singular)
कर्कारू (accusative dual)
कर्कारून् (accusative plural)
कर्कारुणा (instrumental singular)
कर्कार्वा1 (instrumental singular)
कर्कारुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्कारुभिः (instrumental plural)
कर्कारवे (dative singular)
कर्कार्वे1 (dative singular)
कर्कारुभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्कारुभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्कारोः (ablative singular)
कर्कार्वः1 (ablative singular)
कर्कारुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्कारुभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्कारोः (genitive singular)
कर्कार्वः1 (genitive singular)
कर्कार्वोः (dual genitive)
कर्कारूणाम् (genitive plural)
कर्कारौ (locative singular)
कर्कार्वोः (dual locative)
कर्कारुषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Pashayi:

Northwest Pashayi: ککرو (kakarū́)

Southeast Pashayi: kā̃ḥarǖ́

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Waigali: kaṅkarǖ́

Pali: kakkāru

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀼𑀆 (kakkāluā)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Odia: କଖାରୁ (kakhāru), କଂଖାର (kaṅkhāra), କଂଖାରୁ (kaṅkhāru)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ކެކުރި (kekuri), ކެކެރި (kekeri)

Sinhalese: කැකිර (kækira), කැකිරි (kækiri)

/kɐɾˈkɑː.ɾu/


कर्णपत्त्रक

karṇapattraka (romanization)
कर्णपत्त्रकः (nominative singular)
कर्णपत्त्रकौ (dual nominative)
कर्णपत्त्रका1 (dual nominative)
कर्णपत्त्रकाः (nominative plural)
कर्णपत्त्रकासः1 (nominative plural)
कर्णपत्त्रक (singular vocative)
कर्णपत्त्रकौ (dual vocative)
कर्णपत्त्रका1 (dual vocative)
कर्णपत्त्रकाः (plural vocative)
कर्णपत्त्रकासः1 (plural vocative)
कर्णपत्त्रकम् (accusative singular)
कर्णपत्त्रकौ (accusative dual)
कर्णपत्त्रका1 (accusative dual)
कर्णपत्त्रकान् (accusative plural)
कर्णपत्त्रकेण (instrumental singular)
कर्णपत्त्रकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्णपत्त्रकैः (instrumental plural)
कर्णपत्त्रकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कर्णपत्त्रकाय (dative singular)
कर्णपत्त्रकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्णपत्त्रकेभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्णपत्त्रकात् (ablative singular)
कर्णपत्त्रकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्णपत्त्रकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्णपत्त्रकस्य (genitive singular)
कर्णपत्त्रकयोः (dual genitive)
कर्णपत्त्रकाणाम् (genitive plural)
कर्णपत्त्रके (locative singular)
कर्णपत्त्रकयोः (dual locative)
कर्णपत्त्रकेषु (locative plural)

Central:

Hindustani:, kanautī, kanauṭī

Hindi: कनौती, कनौटी

Hindi: कनौती, कनौटी

Urdu: کَنَوتِی (kanautī), کَنَوٹِی (kanauṭī)

Dardic:

Gawar-Bati: کمتک (kumtak)

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Ashkun: karmuṭä

Kamkata-viri: karmútə

Northwestern:

Punjabi: kanautare, kanotare, kanātare, kanautiā̃

Gurmukhi script: ਕਨੌਤਰੇ, ਕਨੋਤਰੇ, ਕਨਾਤਰੇ, ਕਨੌਤਿਆਂ

Shahmukhi script: کَنَوتَرے, کَنوتَرے, کَنَاتَرے, کَنَوتِءَاں

Pali: kaṇṇapatta

Southern:

Dhivehi: ކަންފަތް (kan̊fat̊)

Sinhalese: කන්පොතු (kanpotu), කන්පොත්ත (kanpotta)

/kɐɾ.ɳɐˈpɐt̪.t̪ɾɐ.kɐ/

[kɐɾ.ɳɐˈpɐt̪̚.t̪ɾɐ.kɐ]

कर्‧ण‧पत्‧त्र‧क

कर्ण (karṇa) + पत्त्र (pattra) + -क (-ka)


कर्मार

karmā́ra (romanization)
कर्मारः (nominative singular)
कर्मारौ (dual nominative)
कर्मारा1 (dual nominative)
कर्माराः (nominative plural)
कर्मारासः1 (nominative plural)
कर्मार (singular vocative)
कर्मारौ (dual vocative)
कर्मारा1 (dual vocative)
कर्माराः (plural vocative)
कर्मारासः1 (plural vocative)
कर्मारम् (accusative singular)
कर्मारौ (accusative dual)
कर्मारा1 (accusative dual)
कर्मारान् (accusative plural)
कर्मारेण (instrumental singular)
कर्माराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्मारैः (instrumental plural)
कर्मारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कर्माराय (dative singular)
कर्माराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्मारेभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्मारात् (ablative singular)
कर्माराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्मारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्मारस्य (genitive singular)
कर्मारयोः (dual genitive)
कर्माराणाम् (genitive plural)
कर्मारे (locative singular)
कर्मारयोः (dual locative)
कर्मारेषु (locative plural)

Pali: kammāra

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀭 (kammāra), 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀭𑀬 (kammāraya)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: কমাৰ (komar)

Bengali: কামার (kamar)

Bihari:

Maithili: कमार (kamār)

Odia: କମାର (kamāra)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ކަނބުރު (kaᵐburu)

Sinhalese: කඹුරා (kaᵐburā)

/kɐɾ.mɑ́ː.ɾɐ/

/kɐɾˈmɑː.ɾɐ/


कुस्तुम्बरी

kustumbarī (romanization)
कुस्तुम्बरी (nominative singular)
कुस्तुम्बर्यौ (dual nominative)
कुस्तुम्बरी1 (dual nominative)
कुस्तुम्बर्यः (nominative plural)
कुस्तुम्बरीः1 (nominative plural)
कुस्तुम्बरि (singular vocative)
कुस्तुम्बर्यौ (dual vocative)
कुस्तुम्बरी1 (dual vocative)
कुस्तुम्बर्यः (plural vocative)
कुस्तुम्बरीः1 (plural vocative)
कुस्तुम्बरीम् (accusative singular)
कुस्तुम्बर्यौ (accusative dual)
कुस्तुम्बरी1 (accusative dual)
कुस्तुम्बरीः (accusative plural)
कुस्तुम्बर्या (instrumental singular)
कुस्तुम्बरीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुस्तुम्बरीभिः (instrumental plural)
कुस्तुम्बर्यै (dative singular)
कुस्तुम्बरीभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुस्तुम्बरीभ्यः (dative plural)
कुस्तुम्बर्याः (ablative singular)
कुस्तुम्बर्यै2 (ablative singular)
कुस्तुम्बरीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुस्तुम्बरीभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुस्तुम्बर्याः (genitive singular)
कुस्तुम्बर्यै2 (genitive singular)
कुस्तुम्बर्योः (dual genitive)
कुस्तुम्बरीणाम् (genitive plural)
कुस्तुम्बर्याम् (locative singular)
कुस्तुम्बर्योः (dual locative)
कुस्तुम्बरीषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀼𑀁𑀪𑀭𑀻 (kutthuṃbharī)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: kothmīr, koṭhmīr

Devanagari script: कोथमीर, कोठमीर

Urdu: کوتھمِیر (kothmīr), کوٹھمِیر (koṭhmīr)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Odia: କଥମିରି (kathamiri), କଥିମିରି (kathimiri)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ކޮތަނބިރި (kotaᵐbiri)

Sinhalese: කොතඹුරු (kotaᵐburu)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: kottambari

Devanagari script: कोत्तंबरि, कोतमीर

Kannada script: ಕೊತ್ತಂಬರಿ, ಕೋತಮೀರ್

Kannada script: ಕೊತ್ತಂಬರಿ, ಕೋತಮೀರ್

Latin script: kottombri, kotmir

Marathi: कोथंबिर (kothambir), कोथंबिरी (kothambirī), कोथंब्री (kothambrī), कोथिंबिर (kothimbir), कोथिंबीर (kothimbīr), कोथिंब्री (kothimbrī), कोथ्रीब (kothrīb), कोत्रीब (kotrīb)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: કોથમીર (kothmīr), કોથમી (kothmī)

कुस्‧तुम्‧ब‧री

Borrowed from Dravidian, likely through a Prakrit. Compare Tamil கொத்தமல்லி (kottamalli) a compound of கொத்து (kottu, “bunch”) + மல்லி (malli, “coriander”), Kannada ಕೊತ್ತಂಬರಿ (kottambari).


खट्वा

khaṭvā (romanization)
खट्वा (nominative singular)
खट्वे (dual nominative)
खट्वाः (nominative plural)
खट्वे (singular vocative)
खट्वे (dual vocative)
खट्वाः (plural vocative)
खट्वाम् (accusative singular)
खट्वे (accusative dual)
खट्वाः (accusative plural)
खट्वया (instrumental singular)
खट्वा1 (instrumental singular)
खट्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खट्वाभिः (instrumental plural)
खट्वायै (dative singular)
खट्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खट्वाभ्यः (dative plural)
खट्वायाः (ablative singular)
खट्वायै2 (ablative singular)
खट्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खट्वाभ्यः (ablative plural)
खट्वायाः (genitive singular)
खट्वायै2 (genitive singular)
खट्वयोः (dual genitive)
खट्वानाम् (genitive plural)
खट्वायाम् (locative singular)
खट्वयोः (dual locative)
खट्वासु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀔𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (khaṭṭā)

Prakrit: 𑀔𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀬𑀸 (khaṭṭuliyā)

Assamese: খটলা (khotola)

Bengali: খাটুলি (khaṭuli)

Bihari: खटोली (khaṭolī)

Maithili: खटुली (khaṭulī), खोटली (khōṭᵊlī)

Hindustani: khaṭolā

Hindi: खटोला

Urdu: کھَٹولا

Urdu: کھَٹولا

Gujarati: ખાળલો (khāḷlo)

Punjabi: khaṭolī

Gurmukhi script: ਖਟੋਲੀ

Shahmukhi script: کھٹولی

Sindhi: khaṭolo

Arabic script: کَٽولو

Devanagari script: खटोलो

Central:

Awadhi: खाटिया (khāṭiyā)

Hindustani: khāṭ

Hindi: खाट

Urdu: کھاٹ

Eastern:

Assamese: খাট (khat)

Bengali: খাট (khaṭ)

Bihari: खाट (khāṭ)

Bhojpuri: खाटी (khāṭī)

Maithili: खाट (khāṭ)

Odia: ଖଟ (khaṭa)

Northern:

Bhadrawahi: खट (khaṭ)

Kumaoni: खाट (khāṭ)

Nepali: खाट (khāṭ)

Northwestern:

Punjabi: khaṭṭ

Gurmukhi script: ਖੱਟ

Shahmukhi script: کھَٹّ

Sindhi: khaṭa

Arabic script: کَٽَ

Devanagari script: खट

Southern:

Konkani: khaṭ

Devanagari script: खाट

Latin script: khatt

Kannada script: ಖಾಟ್

Marathi: खाट (khāṭ)

Western:

Gujarati: ખાટ (khāṭ)

→ Hindustani: khaṭvā

Hindi: खट्वा

Urdu: کھَٹْوا

Urdu: کھَٹْوا

→ Kannada: ಖಟ್ವೆ (khaṭve) (learned)

→ Malayalam: ഖട്വ (khaṭva) (learned)

→ Marathi: खट्वा (khaṭvā) (learned)

→ Telugu: ఖట్వ (khaṭva)

Borrowed from Dravidian; compare Malayalam കട്ടിൽ (kaṭṭil, “cot”), Tamil கட்டில் (kaṭṭil).


केवर्त

kevárta (romanization)
केवर्तः (nominative singular)
केवर्तौ (dual nominative)
केवर्ता1 (dual nominative)
केवर्ताः (nominative plural)
केवर्तासः1 (nominative plural)
केवर्त (singular vocative)
केवर्तौ (dual vocative)
केवर्ता1 (dual vocative)
केवर्ताः (plural vocative)
केवर्तासः1 (plural vocative)
केवर्तम् (accusative singular)
केवर्तौ (accusative dual)
केवर्ता1 (accusative dual)
केवर्तान् (accusative plural)
केवर्तेन (instrumental singular)
केवर्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
केवर्तैः (instrumental plural)
केवर्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
केवर्ताय (dative singular)
केवर्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
केवर्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
केवर्तात् (ablative singular)
केवर्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
केवर्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
केवर्तस्य (genitive singular)
केवर्तयोः (dual genitive)
केवर्तानाम् (genitive plural)
केवर्ते (locative singular)
केवर्तयोः (dual locative)
केवर्तेषु (locative plural)

Pali: kevaṭṭa

Prakrit: 𑀓𑁂𑀯𑀝𑁆𑀝 (kevaṭṭa)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Braj: केवट (kevaṭ), खेवट (khevaṭ)

Hindustani: kewaṭ

Hindi: केवट

Urdu: کیوَٹ (kevaṭ)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: কেওট (keüt)

Bengali: কেওট (keōṭ)

Bihari: केवत

Bhojpuri: केँवट (kē̃vaṭ)

Maithili: क्योट (kyōṭ)

Odia: କେଉଟ (keuṭa)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

⇒ Dhivehi: ކެއޮޅުކަމް (keoḷukam̊), ކެއުޅުކަމް (keuḷukam̊)

Sinhalese: කෙවුළා (kewuḷā)

/keːˈʋɐɾ.t̪ɐ/


कोष्ठागार

sa-noun

कोष्ठागार • (koṣṭhāgāra) stem, n

koṣṭhāgāra (romanization)
कोष्ठागारम् (nominative singular)
कोष्ठागारे (dual nominative)
कोष्ठागाराणि (nominative plural)
कोष्ठागारा1 (nominative plural)
कोष्ठागार (singular vocative)
कोष्ठागारे (dual vocative)
कोष्ठागाराणि (plural vocative)
कोष्ठागारा1 (plural vocative)
कोष्ठागारम् (accusative singular)
कोष्ठागारे (accusative dual)
कोष्ठागाराणि (accusative plural)
कोष्ठागारा1 (accusative plural)
कोष्ठागारेण (instrumental singular)
कोष्ठागाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोष्ठागारैः (instrumental plural)
कोष्ठागारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कोष्ठागाराय (dative singular)
कोष्ठागाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोष्ठागारेभ्यः (dative plural)
कोष्ठागारात् (ablative singular)
कोष्ठागाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोष्ठागारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोष्ठागारस्य (genitive singular)
कोष्ठागारयोः (dual genitive)
कोष्ठागाराणाम् (genitive plural)
कोष्ठागारे (locative singular)
कोष्ठागारयोः (dual locative)
कोष्ठागारेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: کُٹھار (kuṭhār)

Pali: koṭṭhāgāra

desc

Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀕𑀸𑀭 (kŏṭṭhāgāra), 𑀓𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀭 (kŏṭṭhāra)

Central:

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Awadhi: कोठार (koṭhār)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: kuṭhiyār

Hindi: कुठियार

Hindi: कुठियार

Urdu: کُٹھِیَار (kuṭhiyār)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: কুঠৰী (kuthori)

Bengali: কুঠরী (kuṭhori)

Odia: କୋଠରୀ (koṭhari)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: कोठार (koṭhār)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Sindhi:

Jadgali: [script needed] (kuṭhār), [script needed] (kṭhār)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ކޮށާރު (koṣāru), ކޮށާރަ (koṣāra)

Sinhalese: කොටාර (koṭāra)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: कोठार (koṭhār), कोठारें (koṭhārẽ), कोठारी (koṭhārī)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: કોઠાર (koṭhār), કોઠારિયું (koṭhāriyũ)

/kɐwʂ.ʈʰɑː.ɡɑː.ɾɐ/

/koːʂ.ʈʰɑːˈɡɑː.ɾɐ/


कोष्ठागारिक

sa-noun

कोष्ठागारिक • (koṣṭhāgārika) stem, m

koṣṭhāgārika (romanization)
कोष्ठागारिकः (nominative singular)
कोष्ठागारिकौ (dual nominative)
कोष्ठागारिका1 (dual nominative)
कोष्ठागारिकाः (nominative plural)
कोष्ठागारिकासः1 (nominative plural)
कोष्ठागारिक (singular vocative)
कोष्ठागारिकौ (dual vocative)
कोष्ठागारिका1 (dual vocative)
कोष्ठागारिकाः (plural vocative)
कोष्ठागारिकासः1 (plural vocative)
कोष्ठागारिकम् (accusative singular)
कोष्ठागारिकौ (accusative dual)
कोष्ठागारिका1 (accusative dual)
कोष्ठागारिकान् (accusative plural)
कोष्ठागारिकेण (instrumental singular)
कोष्ठागारिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोष्ठागारिकैः (instrumental plural)
कोष्ठागारिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कोष्ठागारिकाय (dative singular)
कोष्ठागारिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोष्ठागारिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
कोष्ठागारिकात् (ablative singular)
कोष्ठागारिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोष्ठागारिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोष्ठागारिकस्य (genitive singular)
कोष्ठागारिकयोः (dual genitive)
कोष्ठागारिकाणाम् (genitive plural)
कोष्ठागारिके (locative singular)
कोष्ठागारिकयोः (dual locative)
कोष्ठागारिकेषु (locative plural)

Pali: koṭṭhāgārika

Central:

Hindustani: kuṭhiyārī

desc

Hindi: कुठियारी

Hindi: कुठियारी

Urdu: کُٹھِیَارِی (kuṭhiyārī)

Urdu: کُٹھِیَارِی (kuṭhiyārī)

Eastern:

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: कोठारी (kōṭhārī)

Odia: କୋଠାରୀ (koṭhāri)

Northwestern:

Sindhi: koṭhārī

Arabic script: ڪوٺَارِي

Devanagari script: कोठारी

Western:

Gujarati: કોઠારી (koṭhārī)

/kɐwʂ.ʈʰɑː.ɡɑː.ɾi.kɐ/

/koːʂ.ʈʰɑːˈɡɑː.ɾi.kɐ/

कोष्‧ठा‧गा‧रि‧क


खदिरक

Central:

Hindustani: khairā

Hindi: खैरा

Urdu: کھَیرَا (khairā)

Eastern:

Bengali: খৈরা (khōira)

Odia: ଖଇରା (khairā)

Northwestern:

Punjabi: khairā

Gurmukhi script: ਖੈਰਾ

Shahmukhi script: کھَیرَا

Southern:

Dhivehi: ކައިރު (kairu), ކައިރި (kairi)

Marathi: खैरा (khairā)

Western:

Gujarati: ખેરો (khero)


रुष्टि

ruṣṭi (romanization)
रुष्टिः (nominative singular)
रुष्टी (dual nominative)
रुष्टयः (nominative plural)
रुष्टे (singular vocative)
रुष्टी (dual vocative)
रुष्टयः (plural vocative)
रुष्टिम् (accusative singular)
रुष्टी (accusative dual)
रुष्टीः (accusative plural)
रुष्ट्या (instrumental singular)
रुष्टी1 (instrumental singular)
रुष्टिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रुष्टिभिः (instrumental plural)
रुष्टये (dative singular)
रुष्ट्यै2 (dative singular)
रुष्टी1 (dative singular)
रुष्टिभ्याम् (dative dual)
रुष्टिभ्यः (dative plural)
रुष्टेः (ablative singular)
रुष्ट्याः2 (ablative singular)
रुष्ट्यै3 (ablative singular)
रुष्टिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रुष्टिभ्यः (ablative plural)
रुष्टेः (genitive singular)
रुष्ट्याः2 (genitive singular)
रुष्ट्यै3 (genitive singular)
रुष्ट्योः (dual genitive)
रुष्टीनाम् (genitive plural)
रुष्टौ (locative singular)
रुष्ट्याम्2 (locative singular)
रुष्टा1 (locative singular)
रुष्ट्योः (dual locative)
रुष्टिषु (locative plural)

Bengali: রুট (ruṭ)

Dhivehi: ރުޅި (ruḷi)

Hindustani: rūṭh

Hindi: रूठ

Urdu: رُوٹھ (rūṭh)


वर्त्स्य

head

वर्त्स्य • (vartsya)

vartsya (romanization)
वर्त्स्यः (nominative singular)
वर्त्स्यौ (dual nominative)
वर्त्स्या1 (dual nominative)
वर्त्स्याः (nominative plural)
वर्त्स्यासः1 (nominative plural)
वर्त्स्य (singular vocative)
वर्त्स्यौ (dual vocative)
वर्त्स्या1 (dual vocative)
वर्त्स्याः (plural vocative)
वर्त्स्यासः1 (plural vocative)
वर्त्स्यम् (accusative singular)
वर्त्स्यौ (accusative dual)
वर्त्स्या1 (accusative dual)
वर्त्स्यान् (accusative plural)
वर्त्स्येन (instrumental singular)
वर्त्स्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्त्स्यैः (instrumental plural)
वर्त्स्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वर्त्स्याय (dative singular)
वर्त्स्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्त्स्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्त्स्यात् (ablative singular)
वर्त्स्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्त्स्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्त्स्यस्य (genitive singular)
वर्त्स्ययोः (dual genitive)
वर्त्स्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वर्त्स्ये (locative singular)
वर्त्स्ययोः (dual locative)
वर्त्स्येषु (locative plural)

/ˈʋɐɾt̪.s̪jɐ/


गावुत

Pali: gāvuta

Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀊𑀅 (gāūa), 𑀕𑀸𑀉 (gāu)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: gau

Hindi: गौ

Urdu: گَو (gau)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: g̠āū

Arabic script: ڳَاءُو

Devanagari script: ॻाऊ

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ގަވި (gavi)

Sinhalese: ගවුව (gawuwa), ගව් (gaw)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: ગાઉ (gāu)

/ˈɡɑː.ʋu.t̪ɐ/


गोण

goṇa (romanization)
गोणी (feminine)
गोणः (nominative singular)
गोणौ (dual nominative)
गोणा1 (dual nominative)
गोणाः (nominative plural)
गोणासः1 (nominative plural)
गोण (singular vocative)
गोणौ (dual vocative)
गोणा1 (dual vocative)
गोणाः (plural vocative)
गोणासः1 (plural vocative)
गोणम् (accusative singular)
गोणौ (accusative dual)
गोणा1 (accusative dual)
गोणान् (accusative plural)
गोणेन (instrumental singular)
गोणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोणैः (instrumental plural)
गोणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गोणाय (dative singular)
गोणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोणेभ्यः (dative plural)
गोणात् (ablative singular)
गोणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोणस्य (genitive singular)
गोणयोः (dual genitive)
गोणानाम् (genitive plural)
गोणे (locative singular)
गोणयोः (dual locative)
गोणेषु (locative plural)

Pali: goṇa, goṇaka

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀦 (gona)
Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀡 (goṇa), 𑀕𑁄𑀡𑀻 (goṇī), 𑀕𑁄𑀡𑀸 (goṇā)
Southern:
Helu Prakrit:
⇒ Dhivehi: މީނގުނު (mīⁿgunu)
Sinhalese: ගොනා (gonā)


ग्रामदार

Dardic:

Kashmiri: gammār

Arabic script: گَمّار

Devanagari script: गम्मार

Pali: gāmadāraka

Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀭 (gāmāra), 𑀕𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀭 (gāvāra)

Central:

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Awadhi: गंवार (gamvār)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Braj: गंवार (gamvār), गंवारू (gamvārū)

Hindustani: gãwār

Hindi: गंवार

Urdu: گَںوَار (gãvār)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: গোঁৱাৰ (gü̃ar)

Bengali: গোয়াঁর (gōẇãr)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: गँवार (gãvār)

Maithili: गमार (gamār)

Odia: ଗମାର (gamāra), ଗୁଆଁର (guā̃ra)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: गमार (gamār)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: gãvār, gavār

Gurmukhi script: ਗਂਵਾਰ, ਗਵਾਰ

Shahmukhi script: گَںوَار, گَوَار

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ގަމާރު (gamāru)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: गंवार (gauvār)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

desc

Gujarati: ગમાર (gamār), ગુમાર (gumār), ગવાર (gavār)

/ɡɾɑː.mɐ.dɑː.ɾɐ/

/ɡɾɑː.mɐˈd̪ɑː.ɾɐ/


घट

ghaṭa (romanization)
घटी (feminine)
घटः (nominative singular)
घटौ (dual nominative)
घटा1 (dual nominative)
घटाः (nominative plural)
घटासः1 (nominative plural)
घट (singular vocative)
घटौ (dual vocative)
घटा1 (dual vocative)
घटाः (plural vocative)
घटासः1 (plural vocative)
घटम् (accusative singular)
घटौ (accusative dual)
घटा1 (accusative dual)
घटान् (accusative plural)
घटेन (instrumental singular)
घटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घटैः (instrumental plural)
घटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
घटाय (dative singular)
घटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घटेभ्यः (dative plural)
घटात् (ablative singular)
घटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
घटस्य (genitive singular)
घटयोः (dual genitive)
घटानाम् (genitive plural)
घटे (locative singular)
घटयोः (dual locative)
घटेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: گَڈَ (gaḍa)

Pali: ghaṭa

Prakrit: 𑀖𑀟 (ghaḍa)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: ghaṛā

Hindi: घड़ा

Urdu: گھَڑَا (ghaṛā)

→ Bihari: घड़ा (ghaṛā)

→ Nepali: घडा (ghaḍā)

Romani: khoro

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ঘড়া (ghora)

Bengali: ঘড়া (ghoṛa)

Odia: ଘଡ଼ା (ghaṛā)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: घड़ो (ghaṛo), घड़ु (ghaṛu)

Kumaoni: घड़ (ghaṛ)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: घड़ा (ghaṛā), घड़ो (ghaṛo)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: ghaṛā

Gurmukhi script: ਘੜਾ

Shahmukhi script: گھَڑَا

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: ghaṛo

Arabic script: گھَڙو

Devanagari script: घड़ो

Southern:

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: घडा (ghaḍā)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: ઘડો (ghaḍo), ઘડું (ghaḍũ)

Prakrit: *𑀖𑀟~𑀉𑀮𑁆𑀮 (*ghaḍa~ulla)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: ghaṛolā

Hindi: घड़ोला

Hindi: घड़ोला

Urdu: گھَڑولَا (ghaṛolā)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: घड़ोली (ghaṛolī)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Lahnda: گھڑولی (ghaṛolī)

Prakrit: *𑀖𑀟~𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮 (*ghaḍa~illa)

Eastern Pahari:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bihari: घरिल (gharil)

Northwestern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: घड़ेलड़ु (ghaṛelṛu)


पेरज

peraja (romanization)
पेरजम् (nominative singular)
पेरजे (dual nominative)
पेरजानि (nominative plural)
पेरजा1 (nominative plural)
पेरज (singular vocative)
पेरजे (dual vocative)
पेरजानि (plural vocative)
पेरजा1 (plural vocative)
पेरजम् (accusative singular)
पेरजे (accusative dual)
पेरजानि (accusative plural)
पेरजा1 (accusative plural)
पेरजेन (instrumental singular)
पेरजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पेरजैः (instrumental plural)
पेरजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पेरजाय (dative singular)
पेरजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पेरजेभ्यः (dative plural)
पेरजात् (ablative singular)
पेरजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पेरजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पेरजस्य (genitive singular)
पेरजयोः (dual genitive)
पेरजानाम् (genitive plural)
पेरजे (locative singular)
पेरजयोः (dual locative)
पेरजेषु (locative plural)

/ˈpeː.ɾɐ.d͡ʑɐ/

Derived from Classical Persian پیروزه (pērōza).


प्रणपात्

/pɾɐ́.ɳɐ.pɑːt/

/ˈpɾɐ.ɳɐ.pɑːt̪/

From Proto-Indo-European *prónepōts (“great-grandson”), from *pro- + *népōts (“grandson”). Cognate with Latin pronepōs (“great-grandchild”).

यस्ते॑ शृङ्गवृषो नपा॒त् प्रण॑पात् कुण्ड॒पाय्यः॑ ।
न्य् अ॑स्मिन् दध्र॒ आ मनः॑ ॥
yáste śṛṅgavṛṣo napāt práṇapāt kuṇḍapā́yyaḥ.

To Kundapayya, grandson's son, grandson of Srngavrs! to thee,
To him have I addressed my thought.


दात्र

dā́tra (romanization)
दात्रम् (nominative singular)
दात्रे (dual nominative)
दात्राणि (nominative plural)
दात्रा1 (nominative plural)
दात्र (singular vocative)
दात्रे (dual vocative)
दात्राणि (plural vocative)
दात्रा1 (plural vocative)
दात्रम् (accusative singular)
दात्रे (accusative dual)
दात्राणि (accusative plural)
दात्रा1 (accusative plural)
दात्रेण (instrumental singular)
दात्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दात्रैः (instrumental plural)
दात्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दात्राय (dative singular)
दात्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
दात्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
दात्रात् (ablative singular)
दात्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दात्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दात्रस्य (genitive singular)
दात्रयोः (dual genitive)
दात्राणाम् (genitive plural)
दात्रे (locative singular)
दात्रयोः (dual locative)
दात्रेषु (locative plural)

Central:

Braj: द्राँत (drā̃t)

Hindi: दा (dā), दाव (dāv)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: द्रोतु॒ (drôtᵘ)

Eastern:

Bengali-Assamese:

Assamese: দা (da), দাৱ (daw)

Bengali: দাও (daō), দা (da)

Kamta: দাও (daü)

Odia: ଦା (dā), ଦାଆ (dāā)

Northern:

Bhadrawahi: ड्ळात (ḍḷāt)

Bhalesi: द्रत (drat)

Kothgarhi: दाच (dāc)

Northwestern:

Punjabic:

Lahnda: ڈاتر (ḍ̠ātr)

Punjabi: [script needed] (dāttar)

Sindhic:

Kachchi: [script needed] (ḍātro), [script needed] (ḍā̃tro), [script needed] (ḍāytro)

Sindhi: ڏانٽو (ḍ̠ā̃ṭro)

Pali: dātta

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢 (datta)

Southern:

Sinhalese: දැ(-කැත්ත) (dæ(-kætta))

→ Kannada: ದಾತ್ರ (dātra)

→ Tamil: தாத்திரம் (tāttiram)

→ Telugu: దాత్రము (dātramu)

/ˈd̪ɑːt̪.ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáHtram (“sickle, scythe”), from *daH- (“to cut, mow”) + *-tram. By surface analysis, दा (dā, “to cut, mow”) + -त्र (-tra, suffix denoting an instrument). Cognate with Persian داس (dâs, “sickle”), Parthian [script needed] (dēš, “sickle”).

cog

तवेदि॑न्द्रा॒हमा॒शसा॒ हस्ते॒ दात्रं॑ च॒ना द॑दे ।
दि॒नस्य॑ वा मघव॒न्त्संभृ॑तस्य वा पू॒र्धि यव॑स्य का॒शिना॑ ॥
távédindrāhámāśásā háste dā́traṃ canā́ dade.

Indra, through hope in thee alone do I grasp this sickle.
Fill my hand, Maghavan, with all that it can hold of barley cut or gathered up.

dinásya vā maghavantsáṃbhṛtasya vā pūrdhí yávasya kāśínā.


दात्र

dātrá (romanization)
दात्रम् (nominative singular)
दात्रे (dual nominative)
दात्राणि (nominative plural)
दात्रा1 (nominative plural)
दात्र (singular vocative)
दात्रे (dual vocative)
दात्राणि (plural vocative)
दात्रा1 (plural vocative)
दात्रम् (accusative singular)
दात्रे (accusative dual)
दात्राणि (accusative plural)
दात्रा1 (accusative plural)
दात्रेण (instrumental singular)
दात्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दात्रैः (instrumental plural)
दात्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दात्राय (dative singular)
दात्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
दात्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
दात्रात् (ablative singular)
दात्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दात्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दात्रस्य (genitive singular)
दात्रयोः (dual genitive)
दात्राणाम् (genitive plural)
दात्रे (locative singular)
दात्रयोः (dual locative)
दात्रेषु (locative plural)

/ˈd̪ɑːt̪.ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáHtram (“gift, offering”), from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃-trom, from *deh₃- (“to give”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬁𐬚𐬭𐬀 (dāθra, “gift, offering”)

inh

उ॒तो हि वां॑ दा॒त्रा सन्ति॒ पूर्वा॒ या पू॒रुभ्य॑स्त्र॒सद॑स्युर्नितो॒शे ।
क्षे॒त्रा॒सां द॑दथुरुर्वरा॒सां घ॒नं दस्यु॑भ्यो अ॒भिभू॑तिमु॒ग्रम् ॥
utó hí vāṃ dātrā́ sánti pū́rvā yā́ pūrúbhyastrasádasyurnitośé.
kṣetrāsā́ṃ dadathururvarāsā́ṃ ghanáṃ dásyubhyo abhíbhūtimugrám.

Ye gave the winner of our fields and plough-lands, and the strong smiter who subdued the Dasyus.

From you two came the gifts in days aforetime which Trasadasyu granted to the Pūrus.


कल्लोल

kallola (romanization)
कल्लोलः (nominative singular)
कल्लोलौ (dual nominative)
कल्लोलाः (nominative plural)
कल्लोल (singular vocative)
कल्लोलौ (dual vocative)
कल्लोलाः (plural vocative)
कल्लोलम् (accusative singular)
कल्लोलौ (accusative dual)
कल्लोलान् (accusative plural)
कल्लोलेन (instrumental singular)
कल्लोलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कल्लोलैः (instrumental plural)
कल्लोलाय (dative singular)
कल्लोलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कल्लोलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कल्लोलात् (ablative singular)
कल्लोलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कल्लोलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कल्लोलस्य (genitive singular)
कल्लोलयोः (dual genitive)
कल्लोलानाम् (genitive plural)
कल्लोले (locative singular)
कल्लोलयोः (dual locative)
कल्लोलेषु (locative plural)

Pali: kallola

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁄𑀮 (kallola)

Hindustani: kalol

Hindi: कलोल

Urdu: کَلول

Old Marathi: 𑘎𑘩𑘻𑘯 (kaloḷa), 𑘎𑘩𑘿𑘩𑘻𑘯 (kalloḷa)

Marathi: कल्लोळ (kalloḷ)

Punjabi: kalol

Gurmukhi script: ਕਲੋਲ

Shahmukhi script: کَلول

Sindhi: ڪَلولِ

→ Hindi: कल्लोल (kallol)

→ Tamil: கல்லோலம் (kallōlam)

A sound-symbolic formation of substrate origin, perhaps from Dravidian, and probably related to हिल्लोल (hillola) and उल्लोल (ullola), all attested in the post-Vedic era.

अहो भुवनकल्लोलैर्विचित्रैर्द्राक् समुत्थितम् ।
मय्यनन्तमहाम्भोधौ चित्तवाते समुद्यते ॥
aho bhuvanakallolairvicitrairdrāk samutthitam.

Truly it is in the infinite ocean of myself, that, stimulated by the colourful waves of the world, everything suddenly arises in the wind of consciousness.


शाटी

śāṭī (romanization)
शाट (masculine)
शाटी (nominative singular)
शाट्यौ (dual nominative)
शाटी1 (dual nominative)
शाट्यः (nominative plural)
शाटीः1 (nominative plural)
शाटि (singular vocative)
शाट्यौ (dual vocative)
शाटी1 (dual vocative)
शाट्यः (plural vocative)
शाटीः1 (plural vocative)
शाटीम् (accusative singular)
शाट्यौ (accusative dual)
शाटी1 (accusative dual)
शाटीः (accusative plural)
शाट्या (instrumental singular)
शाटीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शाटीभिः (instrumental plural)
शाट्यै (dative singular)
शाटीभ्याम् (dative dual)
शाटीभ्यः (dative plural)
शाट्याः (ablative singular)
शाट्यै2 (ablative singular)
शाटीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शाटीभ्यः (ablative plural)
शाट्याः (genitive singular)
शाट्यै2 (genitive singular)
शाट्योः (dual genitive)
शाटीनाम् (genitive plural)
शाट्याम् (locative singular)
शाट्योः (dual locative)
शाटीषु (locative plural)

Pali: sāṭi

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀟𑀻 (sāḍī)

Central:

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Awadhi: सारी (sārī)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: sāṛī, sāṛhī

desc

Hindi: साड़ी, साढ़ी

Hindi: साड़ी, साढ़ी

Urdu: سَاڑِی (sāṛī), سَاڑھِی (sāṛhī)

Urdu: سَاڑِی (sāṛī), سَاڑھِی (sāṛhī)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: শাৰী (xari)

Bengali: শাড়ি (śaṛi)

Bihari: सारी (sārī), सरिया (sariyā)

Bhojpuri: सार (sār)

Maithili: सारी (sārī)

Odia: ସାଡ଼ି (sāṛi), ସାଢ଼ୀ (sāṛhi)

Sylheti: ꠢꠣꠠꠤ (haṛi)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: साड़ि (sāṛi)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: सारि (sāri)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Lahnda:

Southern Hindko: ساڑی (sāṛī)

Punjabi: sāṛhī

Gurmukhi script: ਸਾੜ੍ਹੀ

Shahmukhi script: سَاڑھِی

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: sāṛhī

Arabic script: سَاڙِي

Devanagari script: साढ़ी

Southern:

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: साडी (sāḍī)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: સાડી (sāḍī)

Old Marwari: साडी (sāḍī)

Prakrit: *𑀲𑀸𑀟𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (*sāḍilla)

Western:

Gujarati: સાડલો (sāḍlo), સાલ્લો (sāllo)

The origin is uncertain. Often thought to be borrowed from Dravidian. However, Burrow prefers to connect this to Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to hide”), via an intermediate form *शाल्त् (śālt). Compare Persian شال (šâl).


मेषी

meṣī́ (romanization)
मेषी (nominative singular)
मेष्यौ (dual nominative)
मेषी1 (dual nominative)
मेष्यः (nominative plural)
मेषीः1 (nominative plural)
मेषि (singular vocative)
मेष्यौ (dual vocative)
मेषी1 (dual vocative)
मेष्यः (plural vocative)
मेषीः1 (plural vocative)
मेषीम् (accusative singular)
मेष्यौ (accusative dual)
मेषी1 (accusative dual)
मेषीः (accusative plural)
मेष्या (instrumental singular)
मेषीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेषीभिः (instrumental plural)
मेष्यै (dative singular)
मेषीभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेषीभ्यः (dative plural)
मेष्याः (ablative singular)
मेष्यै2 (ablative singular)
मेषीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेषीभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेष्याः (genitive singular)
मेष्यै2 (genitive singular)
मेष्योः (dual genitive)
मेषीणाम् (genitive plural)
मेष्याम् (locative singular)
मेष्योः (dual locative)
मेषीषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mayšíH (“ewe”), from Proto-Indo-European *moysíh₂. Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬍 (maēšī). See मेष (meṣa) for more.

शं नः॑ कर॒त्यर्व॑ते सु॒गं मे॒षाय॑ मे॒ष्ये॑ ।
नृभ्यो॒ नारि॑भ्यो॒ गवे॑ ॥
śáṃ naḥ karatyárvate sugáṃ meṣā́ya meṣyè.

May he (Rudra) grant health to our steeds, wellbeing to our rams and ewes,
To men, to women, and to the cows.


पवस्त

pavásta (romanization)
पवस्तम् (nominative singular)
पवस्ते (dual nominative)
पवस्तानि (nominative plural)
पवस्ता1 (nominative plural)
पवस्त (singular vocative)
पवस्ते (dual vocative)
पवस्तानि (plural vocative)
पवस्ता1 (plural vocative)
पवस्तम् (accusative singular)
पवस्ते (accusative dual)
पवस्तानि (accusative plural)
पवस्ता1 (accusative plural)
पवस्तेन (instrumental singular)
पवस्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पवस्तैः (instrumental plural)
पवस्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पवस्ताय (dative singular)
पवस्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
पवस्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
पवस्तात् (ablative singular)
पवस्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पवस्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पवस्तस्य (genitive singular)
पवस्तयोः (dual genitive)
पवस्तानाम् (genitive plural)
पवस्ते (locative singular)
पवस्तयोः (dual locative)
पवस्तेषु (locative plural)

Pali: potthaka (with Middle Indo-Aryan -ka-)

Prakrit: 𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀣 (pŏttha)

Prakrit: 𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀬 (pŏtthaya) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -ka-)

Sindhi: پوٿو (potho, “lump of rag for smearing”)

/pɐˈʋɐs̪.t̪ɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pawástam (“covering, envelope”). Cognate with Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎺𐎿𐎫𐎠 (p-a-v-s-t-a /pavastā/, “thin clay envelope”), whence Persian پوست (pust, “hide”). Also compare पुस्तक (pustaka), a borrowing from Middle Iranian. The Indo-Iranian word most likely traces back to a combination of *pa-was-ta-, the former component from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”) (compare अप (apa, “away, back; down”)), and the latter from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to dress”) (compare वस्ते (vaste, “to put on, invest, wear”)). The form of the former component as प-, rather than the expected अप-, is explained as a preserved archaism from Old Indo-Aryan.
Alternatively, Cheung connects the word to Proto-Iranian *paus- (“to dress, clothe, cover”) (whence Persian پوشیدن (pušidan, “to wear clothes”)), deriving both from an unidentified substrate. This is less likely, considering the word's Vedic presence and existence of a plausible Indo-Iranian etymology.

noncog

अभूर्वौक्षीर्व्यु आयुरानड्दर्षन्नु पूर्वो अपरो नु दर्षत् ।
द्वे पवस्ते परि तं न भूतो यो अस्य पारे रजसो विवेष ॥
abhūrvaukṣīrvyu āyurānaḍdarṣannu pūrvo aparo nu darṣat.

Thou wast, thou grewest to full vital vigour: an earlier saw, a later one shall see thee.
Two canopies, as ’twere, are round about him who reacheth to the limit of this region.

dve pavaste pari taṃ na bhūto yo asya pāre rajaso viveṣa.

पवस्तैस् त्वा पर्यक्रीणन् दूर्शेभिर् अजिनैर् उत ।
प्रक्रीरसि त्वम् ओषधेऽभ्रिखाते न रूरुपः ॥
pavastais tvā paryakrīṇan dūrśebhir ajinair uta.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 4.7.6

For coverings men have bartered thee, for skins of deer and woven cloths.
Thou art a thing of sale, O Plant. Dug up with mattocks, gripe not thou!

prakrīrasi tvam oṣadheʼbhrikhāte na rūrupaḥ.


चित्रा

citrā́ (romanization)
चित्रा (nominative singular)
चित्रे (dual nominative)
चित्राः (nominative plural)
चित्रे (singular vocative)
चित्रे (dual vocative)
चित्राः (plural vocative)
चित्राम् (accusative singular)
चित्रे (accusative dual)
चित्राः (accusative plural)
चित्रया (instrumental singular)
चित्रा1 (instrumental singular)
चित्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चित्राभिः (instrumental plural)
चित्रायै (dative singular)
चित्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
चित्राभ्यः (dative plural)
चित्रायाः (ablative singular)
चित्रायै2 (ablative singular)
चित्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चित्राभ्यः (ablative plural)
चित्रायाः (genitive singular)
चित्रायै2 (genitive singular)
चित्रयोः (dual genitive)
चित्राणाम् (genitive plural)
चित्रायाम् (locative singular)
चित्रयोः (dual locative)
चित्रासु (locative plural)

/t͡ɕit.ɾɑ́ː/

/ˈt͡ɕit̪.ɾɑː/


खल

khála (romanization)
खलः (nominative singular)
खलौ (dual nominative)
खला1 (dual nominative)
खलाः (nominative plural)
खलासः1 (nominative plural)
खल (singular vocative)
खलौ (dual vocative)
खला1 (dual vocative)
खलाः (plural vocative)
खलासः1 (plural vocative)
खलम् (accusative singular)
खलौ (accusative dual)
खला1 (accusative dual)
खलान् (accusative plural)
खलेन (instrumental singular)
खलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खलैः (instrumental plural)
खलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
खलाय (dative singular)
खलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खलेभ्यः (dative plural)
खलात् (ablative singular)
खलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
खलस्य (genitive singular)
खलयोः (dual genitive)
खलानाम् (genitive plural)
खले (locative singular)
खलयोः (dual locative)
खलेषु (locative plural)

Pali: khala

Odia: ଖଳ (khaḷa), ଖଳା (khaḷā)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kaḷam.


खल

khala (romanization)
खलः (nominative singular)
खलौ (dual nominative)
खला1 (dual nominative)
खलाः (nominative plural)
खलासः1 (nominative plural)
खल (singular vocative)
खलौ (dual vocative)
खला1 (dual vocative)
खलाः (plural vocative)
खलासः1 (plural vocative)
खलम् (accusative singular)
खलौ (accusative dual)
खला1 (accusative dual)
खलान् (accusative plural)
खलेन (instrumental singular)
खलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खलैः (instrumental plural)
खलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
खलाय (dative singular)
खलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खलेभ्यः (dative plural)
खलात् (ablative singular)
खलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
खलस्य (genitive singular)
खलयोः (dual genitive)
खलानाम् (genitive plural)
खले (locative singular)
खलयोः (dual locative)
खलेषु (locative plural)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kaḷ-.


चूड

cūḍa (romanization)
चूडा (feminine)
चूडः (nominative singular)
चूडौ (dual nominative)
चूडा1 (dual nominative)
चूडाः (nominative plural)
चूडासः1 (nominative plural)
चूड (singular vocative)
चूडौ (dual vocative)
चूडा1 (dual vocative)
चूडाः (plural vocative)
चूडासः1 (plural vocative)
चूडम् (accusative singular)
चूडौ (accusative dual)
चूडा1 (accusative dual)
चूडान् (accusative plural)
चूडेन (instrumental singular)
चूडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चूडैः (instrumental plural)
चूडेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चूडाय (dative singular)
चूडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चूडेभ्यः (dative plural)
चूडात् (ablative singular)
चूडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चूडेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चूडस्य (genitive singular)
चूडयोः (dual genitive)
चूडानाम् (genitive plural)
चूडे (locative singular)
चूडयोः (dual locative)
चूडेषु (locative plural)

Pali: cūḷa, cūḷā

Prakrit: 𑀘𑀽𑀮𑀸 (cūlā)

Prakrit: 𑀘𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀻 (cŏṭṭī)

Odia: ଚୁନ୍ଦି (cundi)

Of uncertain origin. Likely borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil சூடு (cūṭu, “to be crowned, wear on one's head”). Phonetic variation of its descendants and related words make a Munda origin possible as well. An Indo-Iranian provenance is also possible; compare Avestan 𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀𐬐𐬀𐬊𐬲𐬛𐬀 (ašta.kaožda-, “a type of diadem”).


दोग्धृ

sa-noun

दोग्धृ • (dogdhṛ́) stem, m (feminine दोग्ध्री, root दुह्)

dogdhṛ́ (romanization)
दोग्ध्री (feminine)
दुह् (root)
दोग्धा (nominative singular)
दोग्धारौ (dual nominative)
दोग्धारा1 (dual nominative)
दोग्धारः (nominative plural)
दोग्धः (singular vocative)
दोग्धारौ (dual vocative)
दोग्धारा1 (dual vocative)
दोग्धारः (plural vocative)
दोग्धारम् (accusative singular)
दोग्धारौ (accusative dual)
दोग्धारा1 (accusative dual)
दोग्धॄन् (accusative plural)
दोग्ध्रा (instrumental singular)
दोग्धृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दोग्धृभिः (instrumental plural)
दोग्ध्रे (dative singular)
दोग्धृभ्याम् (dative dual)
दोग्धृभ्यः (dative plural)
दोग्धुः (ablative singular)
दोग्धृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दोग्धृभ्यः (ablative plural)
दोग्धुः (genitive singular)
दोग्ध्रोः (dual genitive)
दोग्धॄणाम् (genitive plural)
दोग्धरि (locative singular)
दोग्ध्रोः (dual locative)
दोग्धृषु (locative plural)

Central:

Hindi: दोध (dodh, “cowherd”)

Northwestern:

Punjabic:

Awankari: دودھی (dodhī)

Lahnda: ڈودھی (ḍ̠odhī)

Sindhic:

Sindhi: ڏوڌيِ (ḍ̠odhī, “milk seller”)

[dɐwɡ̚.dʱŕ̩]

/ˈd̪oːɡ.d̪ʱr̩/

[ˈd̪oːɡ̚.d̪ʱr̩]

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ-tḗr, from the root *dʰewgʰ-.

शतं कंसाः शतं दोग्धारः शतं गोप्तारो अधि पृष्ठे अस्याः ।

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 10.10.5

Upon her (the Divine Cow's) back there are a hundred protectors, a hundred metal bowls, a hundred milkers.

śataṃ kaṃsāḥ śataṃ dogdhāraḥ śataṃ goptāro adhi pṛṣṭhe asyāḥ.


छादन

chādana (romanization)
छादनम् (nominative singular)
छादने (dual nominative)
छादनानि (nominative plural)
छादना1 (nominative plural)
छादन (singular vocative)
छादने (dual vocative)
छादनानि (plural vocative)
छादना1 (plural vocative)
छादनम् (accusative singular)
छादने (accusative dual)
छादनानि (accusative plural)
छादना1 (accusative plural)
छादनेन (instrumental singular)
छादनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
छादनैः (instrumental plural)
छादनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
छादनाय (dative singular)
छादनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
छादनेभ्यः (dative plural)
छादनात् (ablative singular)
छादनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
छादनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
छादनस्य (genitive singular)
छादनयोः (dual genitive)
छादनानाम् (genitive plural)
छादने (locative singular)
छादनयोः (dual locative)
छादनेषु (locative plural)

Pali: chādana

desc

Prakrit: 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀡 (chāyaṇa), 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀡𑀻 (chāyaṇī), 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀡𑀺𑀬𑀸 (chāyaṇiyā), 𑀙𑀸𑀡 (chāṇa), 𑀙𑀸𑀡𑀻 (chāṇī)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Odia: ଛାଆଣ (chāāṇa), ଛାଆଣି (chāāṇi)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: छाण (ċhāṇ)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi:

Jadgali: [script needed] (chwaiṇ)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: සෙවන (sewana), හෙවන (hewana), සෙවනි (sewani)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: साण (sāṇ)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Old Gujarati: छायण (chāyaṇa)

/t͡ɕʰɑː.dɐ.nɐ/

/ˈt͡ɕʰɑː.d̪ɐ.n̪ɐ/


सलिल

salila (romanization)
सलिलम् (nominative singular)
सलिले (dual nominative)
सलिलानि (nominative plural)
सलिला1 (nominative plural)
सलिल (singular vocative)
सलिले (dual vocative)
सलिलानि (plural vocative)
सलिला1 (plural vocative)
सलिलम् (accusative singular)
सलिले (accusative dual)
सलिलानि (accusative plural)
सलिला1 (accusative plural)
सलिलेन (instrumental singular)
सलिलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सलिलैः (instrumental plural)
सलिलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सलिलाय (dative singular)
सलिलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सलिलेभ्यः (dative plural)
सलिलात् (ablative singular)
सलिलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सलिलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सलिलस्य (genitive singular)
सलिलयोः (dual genitive)
सलिलानाम् (genitive plural)
सलिले (locative singular)
सलिलयोः (dual locative)
सलिलेषु (locative plural)

→ Awadhi: सलिल (salil) (learned)

→ Bengali: সলিল (śolil) (learned)

→ Marathi: सलिल (salil) (learned)

Probably from an extension of Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls (“salt”); compare Ancient Greek ᾰ̔́λς (hắls, “sea; salt”).
A folk etymology explains the word as स- (sa-, “with”) + लीला (līlā, “playfulness”), literally “the playful one”, which would refer to the erratic motion of waves on the water surface. However, this does not explain the short इ (i) sound.


ज्वालित

Pali: jālita

Southern:

Dhivehi: ދެލި (deli), ދޭޓި (dēṭi)

Sinhalese: දැලි (dæli)

/ˈd͡ʑʋɑː.l̪i.t̪ɐ/


रथो

sandhi form of nominative singular of रथ (ratha, “chariot”)


ठक्कुर

ṭhakkura (romanization)
ठक्कुरः (nominative singular)
ठक्कुरौ (dual nominative)
ठक्कुरा1 (dual nominative)
ठक्कुराः (nominative plural)
ठक्कुरासः1 (nominative plural)
ठक्कुर (singular vocative)
ठक्कुरौ (dual vocative)
ठक्कुरा1 (dual vocative)
ठक्कुराः (plural vocative)
ठक्कुरासः1 (plural vocative)
ठक्कुरम् (accusative singular)
ठक्कुरौ (accusative dual)
ठक्कुरा1 (accusative dual)
ठक्कुरान् (accusative plural)
ठक्कुरेण (instrumental singular)
ठक्कुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ठक्कुरैः (instrumental plural)
ठक्कुरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ठक्कुराय (dative singular)
ठक्कुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
ठक्कुरेभ्यः (dative plural)
ठक्कुरात् (ablative singular)
ठक्कुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ठक्कुरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ठक्कुरस्य (genitive singular)
ठक्कुरयोः (dual genitive)
ठक्कुराणाम् (genitive plural)
ठक्कुरे (locative singular)
ठक्कुरयोः (dual locative)
ठक्कुरेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: ٹھوکُر (ṭhōkur)

Khowar: تکر (takur)

Shina: ٹھکر (ṭhakur)

Prakrit: 𑀞𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀼𑀭 (ṭhakkura)

Central:

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Awadhi: ठाकुर (ṭhākur)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: ṭhākur, ṭhākurāin, ṭhākurānī

desc

Hindi: ठाकुर, ठाकुराइन, ठाकुरानी

Hindi: ठाकुर, ठाकुराइन, ठाकुरानी

تھَاکُرَاءِن

ٹھَاکُرَانِی

Urdu: ٹھَاکُر (ṭhākur), تھَاکُرَاءِن (thākurā'in), ٹھَاکُرَانِی (ṭhākurānī)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ঠাকুৰ (thakur)

Bengali: ঠাকুর (ṭhakur)

Bihari: ठाकुर (ṭhākur)

Bhojpuri: ठाकुर (ṭhākur)

Maithili: ठाकुर (ṭhākur)

Chakma: 𑄒𑄉𑄪𑄢𑄴 (ṭhāgur)

Odia: ଠାକୁର (ṭhākura), ଠାକୁରାଣୀ (ṭhākurāṇi)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: ठाकुर (ṭhākur)

Kumaoni: ठाकुर (ṭhākur)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: ठाकुर (ṭhākura), ठाकुरि (ṭhākuri)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: ṭhākar, ṭhaukar

Gurmukhi script: ਠਾਕਰ, ਠੌਕਰ

Shahmukhi script: ٹھَاکَر, ٹھَوکَر

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: ṭhakuru

Arabic script: ٺَڪُرُ

Devanagari script: ठकुरु

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ތަކުރު (takuru)

Sinhalese: තකුරු (takuru)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: ठाकूर (ṭhākūr)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: ઠાકોર (ṭhākor), ઠાકર (ṭhākar), ઠકરાણી (ṭhakrāṇī)

[ˈʈʰɐk̚.ku.ɾɐ]

An honorific title added to the name of a distinguished person


पुंश्चली

sa-noun

पुंश्चली • (puṃścalī́) stem, f

puṃścalī́ (romanization)
पुंश्चली (nominative singular)
पुंश्चल्यौ (dual nominative)
पुंश्चली1 (dual nominative)
पुंश्चल्यः (nominative plural)
पुंश्चलीः1 (nominative plural)
पुंश्चलि (singular vocative)
पुंश्चल्यौ (dual vocative)
पुंश्चली1 (dual vocative)
पुंश्चल्यः (plural vocative)
पुंश्चलीः1 (plural vocative)
पुंश्चलीम् (accusative singular)
पुंश्चल्यौ (accusative dual)
पुंश्चली1 (accusative dual)
पुंश्चलीः (accusative plural)
पुंश्चल्या (instrumental singular)
पुंश्चलीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुंश्चलीभिः (instrumental plural)
पुंश्चल्यै (dative singular)
पुंश्चलीभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुंश्चलीभ्यः (dative plural)
पुंश्चल्याः (ablative singular)
पुंश्चल्यै2 (ablative singular)
पुंश्चलीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुंश्चलीभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुंश्चल्याः (genitive singular)
पुंश्चल्यै2 (genitive singular)
पुंश्चल्योः (dual genitive)
पुंश्चलीनाम् (genitive plural)
पुंश्चल्याम् (locative singular)
पुंश्चल्योः (dual locative)
पुंश्चलीषु (locative plural)

/pũɕ.t͡ɕɐ.líː/

/ˈpũɕ.t͡ɕɐ.l̪iː/

पुंस् (puṃs, “man”) + a derivative of चल् (cal, “to walk, to move”). Literally, “walking towards men”, or more loosely translated as “chasing after men”.

lit

तस्य प्राच्यां दिशि श्रद्धा पुंश्चली

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 15.2

In the eastern region [the personification of] Faith is his paramour.


तामरस

tāmarasá (romanization)
तामरसम् (nominative singular)
तामरसे (dual nominative)
तामरसानि (nominative plural)
तामरसा1 (nominative plural)
तामरस (singular vocative)
तामरसे (dual vocative)
तामरसानि (plural vocative)
तामरसा1 (plural vocative)
तामरसम् (accusative singular)
तामरसे (accusative dual)
तामरसानि (accusative plural)
तामरसा1 (accusative plural)
तामरसेन (instrumental singular)
तामरसाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तामरसैः (instrumental plural)
तामरसेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तामरसाय (dative singular)
तामरसाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तामरसेभ्यः (dative plural)
तामरसात् (ablative singular)
तामरसाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तामरसेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तामरसस्य (genitive singular)
तामरसयोः (dual genitive)
तामरसानाम् (genitive plural)
तामरसे (locative singular)
तामरसयोः (dual locative)
तामरसेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀢𑀸𑀫𑀭𑀲 (tāmarasa)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

desc

Dhivehi: ތަނބުރު (taᵐburu), ތަބުރު (taburu)

Sinhalese: තඹර (taᵐbara)

/ˈt̪ɑː.mɐ.ɾɐ.s̪ɐ/

From ताम्र (tāmra). Alternatively, from a Dravidian source: compare Tamil தாமரை (tāmarai), Telugu తామర (tāmara), Malayalam താമര (tāmara), Kannada ತಾವರೆ (tāvare).


विश्पत्नी

sa-noun

विश्पत्नी • (viśpátnī) stem, f

viśpátnī (romanization)
विश्पत्नी (nominative singular)
विश्पत्न्यौ (dual nominative)
विश्पत्नी1 (dual nominative)
विश्पत्न्यः (nominative plural)
विश्पत्नीः1 (nominative plural)
विश्पत्नि (singular vocative)
विश्पत्न्यौ (dual vocative)
विश्पत्नी1 (dual vocative)
विश्पत्न्यः (plural vocative)
विश्पत्नीः1 (plural vocative)
विश्पत्नीम् (accusative singular)
विश्पत्न्यौ (accusative dual)
विश्पत्नी1 (accusative dual)
विश्पत्नीः (accusative plural)
विश्पत्न्या (instrumental singular)
विश्पत्नीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विश्पत्नीभिः (instrumental plural)
विश्पत्न्यै (dative singular)
विश्पत्नीभ्याम् (dative dual)
विश्पत्नीभ्यः (dative plural)
विश्पत्न्याः (ablative singular)
विश्पत्न्यै2 (ablative singular)
विश्पत्नीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विश्पत्नीभ्यः (ablative plural)
विश्पत्न्याः (genitive singular)
विश्पत्न्यै2 (genitive singular)
विश्पत्न्योः (dual genitive)
विश्पत्नीनाम् (genitive plural)
विश्पत्न्याम् (locative singular)
विश्पत्न्योः (dual locative)
विश्पत्नीषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *wiḱ-pótnih₂ (“lady of the household”). Cognate with Old Prussian waispattin (“mistress of the house”), Albanian zonjë (“respected lady”). By surface analysis, विश् (viś, “house, dwelling”) + पत्नी (patnī, “mistress”). See also विश्पति (viśpati).

surf

या सुबाहुः स्वङ्गुरिः सुषूमा बहुसूवरी ।
तस्यै विश्पत्न्यै हविः सिनीवाल्यै जुहोतन ॥
yā subāhuḥ svaṅguriḥ suṣūmā bahusūvarī.
tasyai viśpatnyai haviḥ sinīvālyai juhotana.
To her with lovely fingers, lovely arms, to the prolific Mother of many sons—

Present the sacred gifts to her, to Sinīvālī, the lady of the house.


अष्ठि

Pali: aṭṭhi n

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 n (aṭṭhi)


हन्तृ

sa-noun

हन्तृ • (hantṛ́ or hántṛ) stem, m (root हन्)

hantṛ́ (romanization)
hántṛ (romanization)
हन् (root)
हन्ता (nominative singular)
हन्तारौ (dual nominative)
हन्तारा1 (dual nominative)
हन्तारः (nominative plural)
हन्तः (singular vocative)
हन्तारौ (dual vocative)
हन्तारा1 (dual vocative)
हन्तारः (plural vocative)
हन्तारम् (accusative singular)
हन्तारौ (accusative dual)
हन्तारा1 (accusative dual)
हन्तॄन् (accusative plural)
हन्त्रा (instrumental singular)
हन्तृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हन्तृभिः (instrumental plural)
हन्त्रे (dative singular)
हन्तृभ्याम् (dative dual)
हन्तृभ्यः (dative plural)
हन्तुः (ablative singular)
हन्तृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हन्तृभ्यः (ablative plural)
हन्तुः (genitive singular)
हन्त्रोः (dual genitive)
हन्तॄणाम् (genitive plural)
हन्तरि (locative singular)
हन्त्रोः (dual locative)
हन्तृषु (locative plural)
हन्ता (nominative singular)
हन्तारौ (dual nominative)
हन्तारा1 (dual nominative)
हन्तारः (nominative plural)
हन्तः (singular vocative)
हन्तारौ (dual vocative)
हन्तारा1 (dual vocative)
हन्तारः (plural vocative)
हन्तारम् (accusative singular)
हन्तारौ (accusative dual)
हन्तारा1 (accusative dual)
हन्तॄन् (accusative plural)
हन्त्रा (instrumental singular)
हन्तृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हन्तृभिः (instrumental plural)
हन्त्रे (dative singular)
हन्तृभ्याम् (dative dual)
हन्तृभ्यः (dative plural)
हन्तुः (ablative singular)
हन्तृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हन्तृभ्यः (ablative plural)
हन्तुः (genitive singular)
हन्त्रोः (dual genitive)
हन्तॄणाम् (genitive plural)
हन्तरि (locative singular)
हन्त्रोः (dual locative)
हन्तृषु (locative plural)

Pali: hantar

Prakrit: 𑀳𑀁𑀢𑀼 (haṃtu)

/ˈɦɐn̪.t̪r̩/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰʰantŕ̥ (“striker, slayer”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰén-tōr ~ *gʷʰn̥-tr-és (“striker, slayer”), from *gʷʰen- (“to slay, strike”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬘𐬀𐬧𐬙𐬀𐬭 (jaṇtar, “striker, smasher, smiter”), Old Persian 𐎩𐎫𐎼 (j-t-r /jaⁿtar/, “smiter, crusher”), Prasuni žütu (“leopard”). By surface analysis, हन् (han) + -तृ (-tṛ).

surf

परि॑ त्वाग्ने॒ पुरं॑ व॒यं विप्रं॑ सहस्य धीमहि ।
धृ॒षद्व॑र्णं दि॒वेदि॑वे ह॒न्तारं॑ भङ्गु॒राव॑ताम् ॥
pári tvāgne púraṃ vayáṃ vípraṃ sahasya dhīmahi.

Day by day, we set thee round us as a fort, victorious Agni, thee a Sage, of heroic race, killer of the treacherous.

dhṛṣádvarṇaṃ divédive hantā́raṃ bhaṅgurā́vatām.

नमो अग्रेवधाय च दूरेवधाय च नमो हन्त्रे च हनीयसे च

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.5.08.1

Homage to him [Rudra] who slays from the front, to him who slays from a distance. Homage to the slayer and the most destructive.

namo agrevadhāya ca dūrevadhāya ca namo hantre ca hanīyase ca


चन्द्रहास

head

चन्द्रहास • (candrahā́sa) m

candrahā́sa (romanization)
चन्द्रहासः (nominative singular)
चन्द्रहासौ (dual nominative)
चन्द्रहासा1 (dual nominative)
चन्द्रहासाः (nominative plural)
चन्द्रहासासः1 (nominative plural)
चन्द्रहास (singular vocative)
चन्द्रहासौ (dual vocative)
चन्द्रहासा1 (dual vocative)
चन्द्रहासाः (plural vocative)
चन्द्रहासासः1 (plural vocative)
चन्द्रहासम् (accusative singular)
चन्द्रहासौ (accusative dual)
चन्द्रहासा1 (accusative dual)
चन्द्रहासान् (accusative plural)
चन्द्रहासेन (instrumental singular)
चन्द्रहासाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चन्द्रहासैः (instrumental plural)
चन्द्रहासेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चन्द्रहासाय (dative singular)
चन्द्रहासाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चन्द्रहासेभ्यः (dative plural)
चन्द्रहासात् (ablative singular)
चन्द्रहासाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चन्द्रहासेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चन्द्रहासस्य (genitive singular)
चन्द्रहासयोः (dual genitive)
चन्द्रहासानाम् (genitive plural)
चन्द्रहासे (locative singular)
चन्द्रहासयोः (dual locative)
चन्द्रहासेषु (locative plural)

Hindi: चन्द्रहास (candrahās, “sword”)

desc

Kannada: ಚಂದ್ರಹಾಸ (candrahāsa, “sword, Chandrahasa”)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀘𑀦𑁆𑀤𑀭𑀸𑀲 (candarāsa, “divine sword”)

Malay: cenderasa (“divine sword”)

Indonesian: cenderasa (“mythological sword”)

/t͡ɕɐn.dɾɐ́.ɦɑː.sɐ/

/t͡ɕɐn̪.d̪ɾɐˈɦɑː.s̪ɐ/

From चन्द्र (candra, “moon”) + हास (hāsa, “laughter”). The latter comes from the root हस् (has, “to laugh”).

An indestructible sword gifted by Lord Shiva to Ravana


वातापि

head

वातापि • (vātāpi) m

vātāpi (romanization)
वातापिः (nominative singular)
वातापी (dual nominative)
वातापयः (nominative plural)
वातापे (singular vocative)
वातापी (dual vocative)
वातापयः (plural vocative)
वातापिम् (accusative singular)
वातापी (accusative dual)
वातापीन् (accusative plural)
वातापिना (instrumental singular)
वाताप्या1 (instrumental singular)
वातापिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वातापिभिः (instrumental plural)
वातापये (dative singular)
वातापिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वातापिभ्यः (dative plural)
वातापेः (ablative singular)
वाताप्यः1 (ablative singular)
वातापिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वातापिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वातापेः (genitive singular)
वाताप्यः1 (genitive singular)
वाताप्योः (dual genitive)
वातापीनाम् (genitive plural)
वातापौ (locative singular)
वातापा1 (locative singular)
वाताप्योः (dual locative)
वातापिषु (locative plural)

Old Kannada: ವಾತಾಪಿ (vātāpi)

Kannada: ಬಾದಾಮಿ (bādāmi)

English: Badami

/ʋɑːˈt̪ɑː.pi/

From वात (vāta, “wind”) and आपि (āpi, “friend/ally”), therefore "friend of the wind".

The demon nephew of Prahlāda, and brother of Ilvala, who was eaten by Sage Agastya


राड्राजन्

राड्राजन् • (rāḍrājan) n

rāḍrājan (romanization)
राड्राजा (nominative singular)
राड्राजानौ (dual nominative)
राड्राजाना1 (dual nominative)
राड्राजानः (nominative plural)
राड्राजन् (singular vocative)
राड्राजानौ (dual vocative)
राड्राजाना1 (dual vocative)
राड्राजानः (plural vocative)
राड्राजानम् (accusative singular)
राड्राजानौ (accusative dual)
राड्राजाना1 (accusative dual)
राड्राज्ञः (accusative plural)
राड्राज्ञा (instrumental singular)
राड्राजभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राड्राजभिः (instrumental plural)
राड्राज्ञे (dative singular)
राड्राजभ्याम् (dative dual)
राड्राजभ्यः (dative plural)
राड्राज्ञः (ablative singular)
राड्राजभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राड्राजभ्यः (ablative plural)
राड्राज्ञः (genitive singular)
राड्राज्ञोः (dual genitive)
राड्राज्ञाम् (genitive plural)
राड्राज्ञि (locative singular)
राड्राजनि (locative singular)
राड्राजन्1 (locative singular)
राड्राज्ञोः (dual locative)
राड्राजसु (locative plural)
राड्राज (nominative singular)
राड्राज्ञी (dual nominative)
राड्राजनी (dual nominative)
राड्राजानि (nominative plural)
राड्राज1 (nominative plural)
राड्राजा1 (nominative plural)
राड्राजन् (singular vocative)
राड्राज (singular vocative)
राड्राज्ञी (dual vocative)
राड्राजनी (dual vocative)
राड्राजानि (plural vocative)
राड्राज1 (plural vocative)
राड्राजा1 (plural vocative)
राड्राज (accusative singular)
राड्राज्ञी (accusative dual)
राड्राजनी (accusative dual)
राड्राजानि (accusative plural)
राड्राज1 (accusative plural)
राड्राजा1 (accusative plural)
राड्राज्ञा (instrumental singular)
राड्राजभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राड्राजभिः (instrumental plural)
राड्राज्ञे (dative singular)
राड्राजभ्याम् (dative dual)
राड्राजभ्यः (dative plural)
राड्राज्ञः (ablative singular)
राड्राजभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राड्राजभ्यः (ablative plural)
राड्राज्ञः (genitive singular)
राड्राज्ञोः (dual genitive)
राड्राज्ञाम् (genitive plural)
राड्राज्ञि (locative singular)
राड्राजनि (locative singular)
राड्राजन्1 (locative singular)
राड्राज्ञोः (dual locative)
राड्राजसु (locative plural)
राड्राज (nominative singular)
राड्राज्ञी (dual nominative)
राड्राजनी (dual nominative)
राड्राजानि (nominative plural)
राड्राज1 (nominative plural)
राड्राजा1 (nominative plural)
राड्राजन् (singular vocative)
राड्राज (singular vocative)
राड्राज्ञी (dual vocative)
राड्राजनी (dual vocative)
राड्राजानि (plural vocative)
राड्राज1 (plural vocative)
राड्राजा1 (plural vocative)
राड्राज (accusative singular)
राड्राज्ञी (accusative dual)
राड्राजनी (accusative dual)
राड्राजानि (accusative plural)
राड्राज1 (accusative plural)
राड्राजा1 (accusative plural)
राड्राज्ञा (instrumental singular)
राड्राजभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राड्राजभिः (instrumental plural)
राड्राज्ञे (dative singular)
राड्राजभ्याम् (dative dual)
राड्राजभ्यः (dative plural)
राड्राज्ञः (ablative singular)
राड्राजभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राड्राजभ्यः (ablative plural)
राड्राज्ञः (genitive singular)
राड्राज्ञोः (dual genitive)
राड्राज्ञाम् (genitive plural)
राड्राज्ञि (locative singular)
राड्राजनि (locative singular)
राड्राजन्1 (locative singular)
राड्राज्ञोः (dual locative)
राड्राजसु (locative plural)

/ɾɑːɖ.ɾɑ́ː.d͡ʑɐn/

/ɾɑːɖˈɾɑː.d͡ʑɐn̪/

From राट् (rāṭ, “king”) and राजन् (rājan, “king”)


नप्ती

naptī́ (romanization)
नप्ती (nominative singular)
नप्त्यौ (dual nominative)
नप्ती1 (dual nominative)
नप्त्यः (nominative plural)
नप्तीः1 (nominative plural)
नप्ति (singular vocative)
नप्त्यौ (dual vocative)
नप्ती1 (dual vocative)
नप्त्यः (plural vocative)
नप्तीः1 (plural vocative)
नप्तीम् (accusative singular)
नप्त्यौ (accusative dual)
नप्ती1 (accusative dual)
नप्तीः (accusative plural)
नप्त्या (instrumental singular)
नप्तीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नप्तीभिः (instrumental plural)
नप्त्यै (dative singular)
नप्तीभ्याम् (dative dual)
नप्तीभ्यः (dative plural)
नप्त्याः (ablative singular)
नप्त्यै2 (ablative singular)
नप्तीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नप्तीभ्यः (ablative plural)
नप्त्याः (genitive singular)
नप्त्यै2 (genitive singular)
नप्त्योः (dual genitive)
नप्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
नप्त्याम् (locative singular)
नप्त्योः (dual locative)
नप्तीषु (locative plural)

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (ṇattī)
Konkani: नात (nāt)
Marathi: नात (nāt)

From Proto-Indo-European *néptih₂ (“niece, granddaughter, female descendant”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬍 (naptī, “granddaughter”), Old English nift (“niece, granddaughter”), Latin neptis (“granddaughter”), Irish neacht (“niece”). See also नप्ति (naptí).

cog

न॒प्तीभि॒र् यो वि॒वस्व॑तः शु॒भ्रो न मा॑मृ॒जे युवा॑ ।

He hath been adorned, like a fair youth, by the granddaughters of the priest.

naptī́bhir yó vivásvataḥ śubhró ná māmṛjé yúvā.


नप्ति

naptí (romanization)
नप्तिः (nominative singular)
नप्ती (dual nominative)
नप्तयः (nominative plural)
नप्ते (singular vocative)
नप्ती (dual vocative)
नप्तयः (plural vocative)
नप्तिम् (accusative singular)
नप्ती (accusative dual)
नप्तीः (accusative plural)
नप्त्या (instrumental singular)
नप्ती1 (instrumental singular)
नप्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नप्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
नप्तये (dative singular)
नप्त्यै2 (dative singular)
नप्ती1 (dative singular)
नप्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
नप्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
नप्तेः (ablative singular)
नप्त्याः2 (ablative singular)
नप्त्यै3 (ablative singular)
नप्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नप्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
नप्तेः (genitive singular)
नप्त्याः2 (genitive singular)
नप्त्यै3 (genitive singular)
नप्त्योः (dual genitive)
नप्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
नप्तौ (locative singular)
नप्त्याम्2 (locative singular)
नप्ता1 (locative singular)
नप्त्योः (dual locative)
नप्तिषु (locative plural)

From late Proto-Indo-European *néptis, a dialectal variant of *néptih₂ (“niece, granddaughter, female descendant”). Latin neptis and Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬌 (napti) are formal cognates. See also नप्ती (naptī).

पश्यन्त्यस्याश्चरितं पृथिव्यां पृथङ्नरो बहुधा मीमांसमानाः ।
अग्नेर्वातान् मधुकशा हि जज्ञे मरुतामुग्रा नप्तिः ॥
paśyantyasyāścaritaṃ pṛthivyāṃ pṛthaṅnaro bahudhā mīmāṃsamānāḥ.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 9.1.3

In sundry spots, repeatedly reflecting, men view upon the earth: her course and action;
For she, the eldest granddaughter of the Maruts, derives her origin from Wind and Agni.

agnervātān madhukaśā hi jajñe marutāmugrā naptiḥ.

नप्ती नप्ती#Sanskrit

Alternative form of नप्ती (naptī); a granddaughter


વીણા

vīṇā (romanization)
વીણા (nominative singular)
વીણે (dual nominative)
વીણાઃ (nominative plural)
વીણે (singular vocative)
વીણે (dual vocative)
વીણાઃ (plural vocative)
વીણામ્ (accusative singular)
વીણે (accusative dual)
વીણાઃ (accusative plural)
વીણયા (instrumental singular)
વીણા1 (instrumental singular)
વીણાભ્યામ્ (dual instrumental)
વીણાભિઃ (instrumental plural)
વીણાયૈ (dative singular)
વીણાભ્યામ્ (dative dual)
વીણાભ્યઃ (dative plural)
વીણાયાઃ (ablative singular)
વીણાયૈ2 (ablative singular)
વીણાભ્યામ્ (ablative dual)
વીણાભ્યઃ (ablative plural)
વીણાયાઃ (genitive singular)
વીણાયૈ2 (genitive singular)
વીણયોઃ (dual genitive)
વીણાનામ્ (genitive plural)
વીણાયામ્ (locative singular)
વીણયોઃ (dual locative)
વીણાસુ (locative plural)

Gujarati script form of वीणा (“Indian lute”)


रात्री

rā́trī (romanization)
रात्री (nominative singular)
रात्र्यौ (dual nominative)
रात्री1 (dual nominative)
रात्र्यः (nominative plural)
रात्रीः1 (nominative plural)
रात्रि (singular vocative)
रात्र्यौ (dual vocative)
रात्री1 (dual vocative)
रात्र्यः (plural vocative)
रात्रीः1 (plural vocative)
रात्रीम् (accusative singular)
रात्र्यौ (accusative dual)
रात्री1 (accusative dual)
रात्रीः (accusative plural)
रात्र्या (instrumental singular)
रात्रीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रात्रीभिः (instrumental plural)
रात्र्यै (dative singular)
रात्रीभ्याम् (dative dual)
रात्रीभ्यः (dative plural)
रात्र्याः (ablative singular)
रात्र्यै2 (ablative singular)
रात्रीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रात्रीभ्यः (ablative plural)
रात्र्याः (genitive singular)
रात्र्यै2 (genitive singular)
रात्र्योः (dual genitive)
रात्रीणाम् (genitive plural)
रात्र्याम् (locative singular)
रात्र्योः (dual locative)
रात्रीषु (locative plural)

/ˈɾɑːt̪.ɾiː/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂
Proto-Indo-European *-trih₂
Proto-Indo-Iranian *HráHtriH
Sanskrit रात्री (rātrī)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HráHtriH, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁réh₁-trih₂, from the root *h₁reh₁- (“quiet, lonely”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬥 (rāman, “peace, tranquility”), Proto-Germanic *rōō (“calm, quiet, peace”), whence German Ruhe (“calm, peace, rest”). The Rigveda exclusively uses रात्री (rā́trī) and the term gradually started falling out of use and started being replaced by the variant रात्रि (rā́tri) from the Middle Vedic period onwards. While post-Rigveda Vedic texts use both the variants, Classical Sanskrit only attests रात्रि (rātri).

cog

उत रात्रीम् उभयतः परीयस उत मित्रो भवसि देव धर्मभिः ॥

Around, on both sides thou encompassest the night: yea, thou, O God, art Mitra through thy righteous laws.

uta rātrīm ubhayataḥ parīyasa uta mitro bhavasi deva dharmabhiḥ.


निरोधो

निरोध निरोध#Sanskrit

sandhi form of nominative singular of निरोध (nirodha, “confinement”)


इन्द्रप्रस्थ

head

इन्द्रप्रस्थ • (índraprastha) m

índraprastha (romanization)
इन्द्रप्रस्थः (nominative singular)
इन्द्रप्रस्थौ (dual nominative)
इन्द्रप्रस्था1 (dual nominative)
इन्द्रप्रस्थाः (nominative plural)
इन्द्रप्रस्थासः1 (nominative plural)
इन्द्रप्रस्थ (singular vocative)
इन्द्रप्रस्थौ (dual vocative)
इन्द्रप्रस्था1 (dual vocative)
इन्द्रप्रस्थाः (plural vocative)
इन्द्रप्रस्थासः1 (plural vocative)
इन्द्रप्रस्थम् (accusative singular)
इन्द्रप्रस्थौ (accusative dual)
इन्द्रप्रस्था1 (accusative dual)
इन्द्रप्रस्थान् (accusative plural)
इन्द्रप्रस्थेन (instrumental singular)
इन्द्रप्रस्थाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इन्द्रप्रस्थैः (instrumental plural)
इन्द्रप्रस्थेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
इन्द्रप्रस्थाय (dative singular)
इन्द्रप्रस्थाभ्याम् (dative dual)
इन्द्रप्रस्थेभ्यः (dative plural)
इन्द्रप्रस्थात् (ablative singular)
इन्द्रप्रस्थाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इन्द्रप्रस्थेभ्यः (ablative plural)
इन्द्रप्रस्थस्य (genitive singular)
इन्द्रप्रस्थयोः (dual genitive)
इन्द्रप्रस्थानाम् (genitive plural)
इन्द्रप्रस्थे (locative singular)
इन्द्रप्रस्थयोः (dual locative)
इन्द्रप्रस्थेषु (locative plural)

Pali: 𑀇𑀦𑁆𑀤𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀢 (indapatta)

/in̪.d̪ɾɐpˈɾɐs̪.t̪ʰɐ/

Compound of इन्द्र (indra) + प्रस्थ (prastha)

com+

A legendary city mentioned in the Sanskrit epic, the Mahabharata


पत्ति

pattí (romanization)
पत्तिः (nominative singular)
पत्ती (dual nominative)
पत्तयः (nominative plural)
पत्ते (singular vocative)
पत्ती (dual vocative)
पत्तयः (plural vocative)
पत्तिम् (accusative singular)
पत्ती (accusative dual)
पत्तीन् (accusative plural)
पत्तिना (instrumental singular)
पत्त्या1 (instrumental singular)
पत्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पत्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
पत्तये (dative singular)
पत्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
पत्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
पत्तेः (ablative singular)
पत्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पत्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
पत्तेः (genitive singular)
पत्त्योः (dual genitive)
पत्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
पत्तौ (locative singular)
पत्ता1 (locative singular)
पत्त्योः (dual locative)
पत्तिषु (locative plural)

Pali: patti

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (patti)

Assamese: পাতি (pati, “pedestrian”)

→ Balinese: ᬧᬢ᭄ᬢᬶ

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *patˢtíš (“foot-soldier, infantryman, pedestrian”), from Proto-Indo-European *ped-tí-s (“pedestrian”), from *ped-. Cognate with Old Persian 𐎱𐎿𐎫𐎡 (p-s-t-i /pasti/, “infantryman, foot-soldier”), Ossetian фестӕг (festæg, “pedestrian”).

cog

नम उच्चैर्घोषायाक्रन्दयते पत्तीनाम् पतये नमः ।
nama uccairghoṣāyākrandayate pattīnām pataye namaḥ.
Homage to he who calls out loudly, to he who screams, to the leader of infantrymen, homage!
c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 7.62.1:
अयम् अग्निः सत्पतिर् वृद्धवृष्णो रथीव पत्तीन् अजयत् पुरोहितः ।
नाभा पृथिव्यां निहितो दविद्युतद् अधस् पदं कृणुतां ये पृतन्यवः ॥
ayam agniḥ satpatir vṛddhavṛṣṇo rathīva pattīn ajayat purohitaḥ.

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.5.2.12

Like a warrior on a chariot, Agni here, grown mighty, Lord of the brave, Chief Priest, hath subdued the foot-soldiers.
Laid on earth's centre he hath flashed and glittered. May he lay our enemies low beneath us.

nābhā pṛthivyāṃ nihito davidyutad adhas padaṃ kṛṇutāṃ ye pṛtanyavaḥ.

a foot soldier, an infantryman (a soldier who fights on foot)


पृषत

pṛṣatá (romanization)
पृषतः (nominative singular)
पृषतौ (dual nominative)
पृषता1 (dual nominative)
पृषताः (nominative plural)
पृषतासः1 (nominative plural)
पृषत (singular vocative)
पृषतौ (dual vocative)
पृषता1 (dual vocative)
पृषताः (plural vocative)
पृषतासः1 (plural vocative)
पृषतम् (accusative singular)
पृषतौ (accusative dual)
पृषता1 (accusative dual)
पृषतान् (accusative plural)
पृषतेन (instrumental singular)
पृषताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पृषतैः (instrumental plural)
पृषतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पृषताय (dative singular)
पृषताभ्याम् (dative dual)
पृषतेभ्यः (dative plural)
पृषतात् (ablative singular)
पृषताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पृषतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पृषतस्य (genitive singular)
पृषतयोः (dual genitive)
पृषतानाम् (genitive plural)
पृषते (locative singular)
पृषतयोः (dual locative)
पृषतेषु (locative plural)

From an earlier *पृशत् (*pṛ́ṣat, “speckled, white-spotted”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *pŕ̥śans ~ *pr̥śatás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pŕ̥ćans ~ *pr̥ćatás, from Proto-Indo-European *pérḱ-ont-s ~ *pr̥ḱ-n̥t-és, from *perḱ- (“colored, speckled”) + *-onts..


पाण्डुप्रस्थ

head

पाण्डुप्रस्थ • (pāṇḍuprastha) m

pāṇḍuprastha (romanization)
पाण्डुप्रस्थः (nominative singular)
पाण्डुप्रस्थौ (dual nominative)
पाण्डुप्रस्था1 (dual nominative)
पाण्डुप्रस्थाः (nominative plural)
पाण्डुप्रस्थासः1 (nominative plural)
पाण्डुप्रस्थ (singular vocative)
पाण्डुप्रस्थौ (dual vocative)
पाण्डुप्रस्था1 (dual vocative)
पाण्डुप्रस्थाः (plural vocative)
पाण्डुप्रस्थासः1 (plural vocative)
पाण्डुप्रस्थम् (accusative singular)
पाण्डुप्रस्थौ (accusative dual)
पाण्डुप्रस्था1 (accusative dual)
पाण्डुप्रस्थान् (accusative plural)
पाण्डुप्रस्थेन (instrumental singular)
पाण्डुप्रस्थाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पाण्डुप्रस्थैः (instrumental plural)
पाण्डुप्रस्थेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पाण्डुप्रस्थाय (dative singular)
पाण्डुप्रस्थाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पाण्डुप्रस्थेभ्यः (dative plural)
पाण्डुप्रस्थात् (ablative singular)
पाण्डुप्रस्थाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पाण्डुप्रस्थेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पाण्डुप्रस्थस्य (genitive singular)
पाण्डुप्रस्थयोः (dual genitive)
पाण्डुप्रस्थानाम् (genitive plural)
पाण्डुप्रस्थे (locative singular)
पाण्डुप्रस्थयोः (dual locative)
पाण्डुप्रस्थेषु (locative plural)

/pɑːɳ.ɖúp.ɾɐs.tʰɐ/

/pɑːɳ.ɖupˈɾɐs̪.t̪ʰɐ/

From Sanksrit पाण्डु (pāṇḍu, “A character from the Mahabharata”) and प्रस्थ (prastha, “city”).

A city founded by the Pāṇḍava-s and named after their father, Pāṇḍu

Panipat, the most likely modern counterpart of Pāṇḍuprastha


वराहो

sa-noun form

वराहो • (varāho)

sandhi form of nominative singular of वराह (varāha, “boar”)


वसन्तो

वसन्त वसन्त#Sanskrit

sandhi form of nominative singular of वसन्त (vasanta)


विजयो

sandhi form of nominative singular of विजय (vijaya)


अर्वत्

árvat (romanization)
ऋ (root)
अर्वान् (nominative singular)
अर्वन्तौ (dual nominative)
अर्वन्ता1 (dual nominative)
अर्वन्तः (nominative plural)
अर्वन् (singular vocative)
अर्वः2 (singular vocative)
अर्वन्तौ (dual vocative)
अर्वन्ता1 (dual vocative)
अर्वन्तः (plural vocative)
अर्वन्तम् (accusative singular)
अर्वन्तौ (accusative dual)
अर्वन्ता1 (accusative dual)
अर्वतः (accusative plural)
अर्वता (instrumental singular)
अर्वद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्वद्भिः (instrumental plural)
अर्वते (dative singular)
अर्वद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्वद्भ्यः (dative plural)
अर्वतः (ablative singular)
अर्वद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्वद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्वतः (genitive singular)
अर्वतोः (dual genitive)
अर्वताम् (genitive plural)
अर्वति (locative singular)
अर्वतोः (dual locative)
अर्वत्सु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hárwāns (“fast, quick; a racehorse, courser, a fast horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ér-went-s, from *h₃er- (“to move (swiftly), to spring”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬧𐬙 (aᵘruuaṇt, “quick, fast; a courser, fast horse”), Middle Persian [script needed] ('lwnd /arwand/, “quick”).

cog

शं नः॑ कर॒त्य् अर्व॑ते सु॒गं मे॒षाय॑ मे॒ष्ये॑ ।
नृभ्यो॒ नारि॑भ्यो॒ गवे॑ ॥
śáṃ naḥ karaty árvate sugáṃ meṣā́ya meṣyè.

May he (Rudra) grant health to our steed, wellbeing to our ram and ewe,
To men, to women, and to the cows.

सोमो धेनुं सोमो अर्वन्तम् आशुं सोमो वीरं कर्मण्यं ददाति ।
सादन्यं विदथ्यं सभेयं पितृश्रवणं यो ददाशदस्मै ॥
somo dhenuṃ somo arvantam āśuṃ somo vīraṃ karmaṇyaṃ dadāti.

To him who worships Soma gives the milch-cow, a fast horse and a son of active knowledge,
[Who is] skilled in home duties, meet for holy synod, for council meet, a glory to his father.

sādanyaṃ vidathyaṃ sabheyaṃ pitṛśravaṇaṃ yo dadāśadasmai.


खरो

sandhi form of nominative singular of खर (khara, “donkey”)


प्रविष्ट

/pɾɐ.ʋiʂ.ʈɐ́/

/pɾɐˈʋiʂ.ʈɐ/

मध्य (madhya, “center”) + प्रविष्ट (praviṣṭa) → मध्यप्रविष्ट (madhyapraviṣṭa, “(in drama) one who has entered the stage”)

+obj

one who has entered or gone or come into, being in or among [with locative; or with accusative; or with compound]

one who has entered upon or undertaken, occupied with, intent upon, engaged in [with locative; or with compound]


गव्य

gávya (romanization)
गव्यम् (nominative singular)
गव्ये (dual nominative)
गव्यानि (nominative plural)
गव्या1 (nominative plural)
गव्य (singular vocative)
गव्ये (dual vocative)
गव्यानि (plural vocative)
गव्या1 (plural vocative)
गव्यम् (accusative singular)
गव्ये (accusative dual)
गव्यानि (accusative plural)
गव्या1 (accusative plural)
गव्येन (instrumental singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गव्यैः (instrumental plural)
गव्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गव्याय (dative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
गव्यात् (ablative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
गव्यस्य (genitive singular)
गव्ययोः (dual genitive)
गव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
गव्ये (locative singular)
गव्ययोः (dual locative)
गव्येषु (locative plural)

Odia: ଗାବ (gāba, “cattle”)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gáwyas (“pertaining to cattle; coming from cattle”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷów-yo-s (“of or pertaining to cattle”), from *gʷṓws (“cow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬌𐬀 (gaoiia, “coming from cattle, consisting of cattle”), Ancient Greek ἐννεά-βοιος (enneá-boios, “worth nine oxen”), Old Armenian կոգի (kogi, “butter”).

cog

अभी नो अग्न उक्थमिज्जुगुर्या द्यावाक्षामा सिन्धवश्च स्वगूर्ताः ।
गव्यं यव्यं यन्तो दीर्घाहेषं वरमरुण्यो वरन्त ॥
abhī no agna ukthamijjuguryā dyāvākṣāmā sindhavaśca svagūrtāḥ.

Welcome our laud with thine approval, Agni. May earth and heaven and freely flowing rivers
Yield us long life and food and corn and cattle, and may the red Dawns choose for us their choicest.

gavyaṃ yavyaṃ yanto dīrghāheṣaṃ varamaruṇyo varanta.


गव्य

gavyá (romanization)
गव्यम् (nominative singular)
गव्ये (dual nominative)
गव्यानि (nominative plural)
गव्या1 (nominative plural)
गव्य (singular vocative)
गव्ये (dual vocative)
गव्यानि (plural vocative)
गव्या1 (plural vocative)
गव्यम् (accusative singular)
गव्ये (accusative dual)
गव्यानि (accusative plural)
गव्या1 (accusative plural)
गव्येन (instrumental singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गव्यैः (instrumental plural)
गव्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गव्याय (dative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
गव्यात् (ablative singular)
गव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
गव्यस्य (genitive singular)
गव्ययोः (dual genitive)
गव्यानाम् (genitive plural)
गव्ये (locative singular)
गव्ययोः (dual locative)
गव्येषु (locative plural)


स्तोतृ

stotṛ́ (romanization)
स्तोता (nominative singular)
स्तोतारौ (dual nominative)
स्तोतारा1 (dual nominative)
स्तोतारः (nominative plural)
स्तोतः (singular vocative)
स्तोतारौ (dual vocative)
स्तोतारा1 (dual vocative)
स्तोतारः (plural vocative)
स्तोतारम् (accusative singular)
स्तोतारौ (accusative dual)
स्तोतारा1 (accusative dual)
स्तोतॄन् (accusative plural)
स्तोत्रा (instrumental singular)
स्तोतृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्तोतृभिः (instrumental plural)
स्तोत्रे (dative singular)
स्तोतृभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्तोतृभ्यः (dative plural)
स्तोतुः (ablative singular)
स्तोतृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्तोतृभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्तोतुः (genitive singular)
स्तोत्रोः (dual genitive)
स्तोतॄणाम् (genitive plural)
स्तोतरि (locative singular)
स्तोत्रोः (dual locative)
स्तोतृषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *stawtā́ (“praiser, eulogizer”), from Proto-Indo-European *stéw-tōr ~ *stu-tr-és (“praiser, eulogizer”), from *stew- (“to praise, eulogize”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬙𐬀𐬭 (staotar, “praiser”).

inh

पूषन् तव व्रते वयं न रिष्येम कदा चन ।
स्तोतारस् त इह स्मसि ॥
pūṣan tava vrate vayaṃ na riṣyema kadā cana.
stotāras ta iha smasi.

Secure in thy protecting care, O Pūṣan, never may we fail.


दुष्कृत

duṣkṛtá (romanization)
दुष्कृतम् (nominative singular)
दुष्कृते (dual nominative)
दुष्कृतानि (nominative plural)
दुष्कृता1 (nominative plural)
दुष्कृत (singular vocative)
दुष्कृते (dual vocative)
दुष्कृतानि (plural vocative)
दुष्कृता1 (plural vocative)
दुष्कृतम् (accusative singular)
दुष्कृते (accusative dual)
दुष्कृतानि (accusative plural)
दुष्कृता1 (accusative plural)
दुष्कृतेन (instrumental singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुष्कृतैः (instrumental plural)
दुष्कृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुष्कृताय (dative singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुष्कृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुष्कृतात् (ablative singular)
दुष्कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुष्कृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुष्कृतस्य (genitive singular)
दुष्कृतयोः (dual genitive)
दुष्कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
दुष्कृते (locative singular)
दुष्कृतयोः (dual locative)
दुष्कृतेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit: dukkaṭa

Kharoshthi script: 𐨡𐨂𐨐𐨚

Brahmi script: 𑀤𑀼𑀓𑀝

desc

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀓𑀢 (dukata /dukkata/)

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀬 (dukkaya)

Ashokan Prakrit: *dukkita

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀺𑀬 (dukkiya)

Pali: dukkata

यद् आशसा निःशसाभिशसोपारिम जाग्रतो यत् स्वपन्तः ।
अग्निर् विश्वान्य् अप दुष्कृतान्य् अजुष्टान्य् आरे अस्मद् दधातु ॥
yad āśasā niḥśasābhiśasopārima jāgrato yat svapantaḥ.

If by address, by blame, by imprecation we have committed sin, while awake or asleep,
All hateful acts of ours, all evil doings may Agni banish away to distant places.

agnir viśvāny apa duṣkṛtāny ajuṣṭāny āre asmad dadhātu.


नाणक

nāṇaka (romanization)
नाणकम् (nominative singular)
नाणके (dual nominative)
नाणकानि (nominative plural)
नाणका1 (nominative plural)
नाणक (singular vocative)
नाणके (dual vocative)
नाणकानि (plural vocative)
नाणका1 (plural vocative)
नाणकम् (accusative singular)
नाणके (accusative dual)
नाणकानि (accusative plural)
नाणका1 (accusative plural)
नाणकेन (instrumental singular)
नाणकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाणकैः (instrumental plural)
नाणकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नाणकाय (dative singular)
नाणकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाणकेभ्यः (dative plural)
नाणकात् (ablative singular)
नाणकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाणकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाणकस्य (genitive singular)
नाणकयोः (dual genitive)
नाणकानाम् (genitive plural)
नाणके (locative singular)
नाणकयोः (dual locative)
नाणकेषु (locative plural)

Marathi: नाणे (nāṇe)

/ˈn̪ɑː.ɳɐ.kɐ/

Of unclear origin. Perhaps borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil நாணயம் (nāṇayam, “coin; honesty”). Alternatively, the Dravidian is borrowed from Sanskrit, and the word is from Prakrit [script needed] (nāṇa-), from Vedic Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñāna, “knowledge”), with a semantic shift from "knowledge" > "proof of acknowledgement" > "coin".

der

a coin or anything stamped with an impression


उपवीत

úpavīta (romanization)
उपवीतम् (nominative singular)
उपवीते (dual nominative)
उपवीतानि (nominative plural)
उपवीता1 (nominative plural)
उपवीत (singular vocative)
उपवीते (dual vocative)
उपवीतानि (plural vocative)
उपवीता1 (plural vocative)
उपवीतम् (accusative singular)
उपवीते (accusative dual)
उपवीतानि (accusative plural)
उपवीता1 (accusative plural)
उपवीतेन (instrumental singular)
उपवीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उपवीतैः (instrumental plural)
उपवीतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उपवीताय (dative singular)
उपवीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
उपवीतेभ्यः (dative plural)
उपवीतात् (ablative singular)
उपवीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उपवीतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उपवीतस्य (genitive singular)
उपवीतयोः (dual genitive)
उपवीतानाम् (genitive plural)
उपवीते (locative singular)
उपवीतयोः (dual locative)
उपवीतेषु (locative plural)

Past participle of उपव्ये (upavye, “to wear the sacred thread”).

निवीतम् मनुष्याणाम् प्राचीनावीतम् पितृणाम् उपवीतं देवानाम् उपव्ययते देवलक्ष्मम् एव तत् कुरुते

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) II.5.11

For the sake of people, he wears the thread around the neck, for [the sake of] the ancestors, he wears the thread over the right shoulder, for the sake of the gods, he wears the thread over the left shoulder; verily he makes the mark of the gods.

nivītam manuṣyāṇām prācīnāvītam pitṛṇām upavītaṃ devānām upavyayate devalakṣmam eva tat kurute

the sacred thread worn over the left shoulder and under the right arm by the three twice-born classes

the act of investing one with the sacred thread


कङ्कण

kaṅkaṇa (romanization)
कङ्कणम् (nominative singular)
कङ्कणे (dual nominative)
कङ्कणानि (nominative plural)
कङ्कणा1 (nominative plural)
कङ्कण (singular vocative)
कङ्कणे (dual vocative)
कङ्कणानि (plural vocative)
कङ्कणा1 (plural vocative)
कङ्कणम् (accusative singular)
कङ्कणे (accusative dual)
कङ्कणानि (accusative plural)
कङ्कणा1 (accusative plural)
कङ्कणेन (instrumental singular)
कङ्कणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कङ्कणैः (instrumental plural)
कङ्कणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कङ्कणाय (dative singular)
कङ्कणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कङ्कणेभ्यः (dative plural)
कङ्कणात् (ablative singular)
कङ्कणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कङ्कणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कङ्कणस्य (genitive singular)
कङ्कणयोः (dual genitive)
कङ्कणानाम् (genitive plural)
कङ्कणे (locative singular)
कङ्कणयोः (dual locative)
कङ्कणेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: kangun

Arabic script: کَنگَن

Devanagari script: कंगुन्

Pali: kaṅkana

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀁𑀓𑀡 (kaṃkaṇa)
Central:
Awadhi: ककना (kaknā)
Hindustani: kaknā, kaknī
Hindi: ककना, ककनी
Urdu: ککنا, ککنی
Eastern:
Bengali: কাঁকন (kãkon)
Bihari: कँकना (kãknā), कँकनी (kãknī), ककना (kaknā)
Northern:
Bhadrawahi: कङ्कण (kaṅkaṇ)
Northwestern:
Sindhi: kaṅgaṇu, kaṅgiṇī
Arabic script: ڪَنگَڻُ, ڪَنگِڻِي
Devanagari script: कंगणु, कंगिणी
Punjabi: kaṅgaṇ, kaṅgan
Gurmukhi script: ਕੰਗਣ, ਕੰਗਨ
Shahmukhi script: کنگن, کنگن
→ Hindustani: kaṅgan
Hindi: कंगन
Urdu: کنگن
→ Bihari: कंग्ना (kãgnā), कंग्नी (kãgnī)
Bhojpuri: कंगना (kaṅgᵊnā)
→ Marathi: कंगणी (kaṅgṇī)
→ Nepali: कंग्ना (kaṅgnā)

/kɐ́ŋ.kɐ.ɳɐ/

/ˈkɐŋ.kɐ.ɳɐ/

Monier-Williams links कङ्कण to the root कै (kai, “to sound”). Mayrhofer considers कङ्कण to be sound-imitative, from a repeating onomatopoeia कन्-कन् (kan-kan, “sound of clinking”).

a bracelet; a bangle; an ornament for the wrist; a ring

a band or ribbon (tied around the wrist of a bride or bridegroom before marriage)


रजक

rajaka (romanization)
रजकः (nominative singular)
रजकौ (dual nominative)
रजका1 (dual nominative)
रजकाः (nominative plural)
रजकासः1 (nominative plural)
रजक (singular vocative)
रजकौ (dual vocative)
रजका1 (dual vocative)
रजकाः (plural vocative)
रजकासः1 (plural vocative)
रजकम् (accusative singular)
रजकौ (accusative dual)
रजका1 (accusative dual)
रजकान् (accusative plural)
रजकेन (instrumental singular)
रजकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रजकैः (instrumental plural)
रजकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रजकाय (dative singular)
रजकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रजकेभ्यः (dative plural)
रजकात् (ablative singular)
रजकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रजकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रजकस्य (genitive singular)
रजकयोः (dual genitive)
रजकानाम् (genitive plural)
रजके (locative singular)
रजकयोः (dual locative)
रजकेषु (locative plural)

/ɾɐ́.d͡ʑɐ.kɐ/

/ˈɾɐ.d͡ʑɐ.kɐ/


सम्मार्जनी

sammārjanī (romanization)
सम्मार्जनी (nominative singular)
सम्मार्जन्यौ (dual nominative)
सम्मार्जनी1 (dual nominative)
सम्मार्जन्यः (nominative plural)
सम्मार्जनीः1 (nominative plural)
सम्मार्जनि (singular vocative)
सम्मार्जन्यौ (dual vocative)
सम्मार्जनी1 (dual vocative)
सम्मार्जन्यः (plural vocative)
सम्मार्जनीः1 (plural vocative)
सम्मार्जनीम् (accusative singular)
सम्मार्जन्यौ (accusative dual)
सम्मार्जनी1 (accusative dual)
सम्मार्जनीः (accusative plural)
सम्मार्जन्या (instrumental singular)
सम्मार्जनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सम्मार्जनीभिः (instrumental plural)
सम्मार्जन्यै (dative singular)
सम्मार्जनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
सम्मार्जनीभ्यः (dative plural)
सम्मार्जन्याः (ablative singular)
सम्मार्जन्यै2 (ablative singular)
सम्मार्जनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सम्मार्जनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
सम्मार्जन्याः (genitive singular)
सम्मार्जन्यै2 (genitive singular)
सम्मार्जन्योः (dual genitive)
सम्मार्जनीनाम् (genitive plural)
सम्मार्जन्याम् (locative singular)
सम्मार्जन्योः (dual locative)
सम्मार्जनीषु (locative plural)

/s̪ɐmˈmɑːɾ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪iː/


कर्त्तरी

karttarī (romanization)
कर्त्तरी (nominative singular)
कर्त्तर्यौ (dual nominative)
कर्त्तरी1 (dual nominative)
कर्त्तर्यः (nominative plural)
कर्त्तरीः1 (nominative plural)
कर्त्तरि (singular vocative)
कर्त्तर्यौ (dual vocative)
कर्त्तरी1 (dual vocative)
कर्त्तर्यः (plural vocative)
कर्त्तरीः1 (plural vocative)
कर्त्तरीम् (accusative singular)
कर्त्तर्यौ (accusative dual)
कर्त्तरी1 (accusative dual)
कर्त्तरीः (accusative plural)
कर्त्तर्या (instrumental singular)
कर्त्तरीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्त्तरीभिः (instrumental plural)
कर्त्तर्यै (dative singular)
कर्त्तरीभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्त्तरीभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्त्तर्याः (ablative singular)
कर्त्तर्यै2 (ablative singular)
कर्त्तरीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्त्तरीभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्त्तर्याः (genitive singular)
कर्त्तर्यै2 (genitive singular)
कर्त्तर्योः (dual genitive)
कर्त्तरीणाम् (genitive plural)
कर्त्तर्याम् (locative singular)
कर्त्तर्योः (dual locative)
कर्त्तरीषु (locative plural)

/ˈkɐɾt̪.t̪ɐ.ɾiː/

[ˈkɐɾt̪̚.t̪ɐ.ɾiː]


पेटिका

peṭikā (romanization)
पेटिका (nominative singular)
पेटिके (dual nominative)
पेटिकाः (nominative plural)
पेटिके (singular vocative)
पेटिके (dual vocative)
पेटिकाः (plural vocative)
पेटिकाम् (accusative singular)
पेटिके (accusative dual)
पेटिकाः (accusative plural)
पेटिकया (instrumental singular)
पेटिका1 (instrumental singular)
पेटिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पेटिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
पेटिकायै (dative singular)
पेटिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पेटिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
पेटिकायाः (ablative singular)
पेटिकायै2 (ablative singular)
पेटिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पेटिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
पेटिकायाः (genitive singular)
पेटिकायै2 (genitive singular)
पेटिकयोः (dual genitive)
पेटिकानाम् (genitive plural)
पेटिकायाम् (locative singular)
पेटिकयोः (dual locative)
पेटिकासु (locative plural)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *peṭṭi.

a small basket or box; a case; a suitcase


उष्णीष

uṣṇīṣa (romanization)
उष्णीषः (nominative singular)
उष्णीषौ (dual nominative)
उष्णीषा1 (dual nominative)
उष्णीषाः (nominative plural)
उष्णीषासः1 (nominative plural)
उष्णीष (singular vocative)
उष्णीषौ (dual vocative)
उष्णीषा1 (dual vocative)
उष्णीषाः (plural vocative)
उष्णीषासः1 (plural vocative)
उष्णीषम् (accusative singular)
उष्णीषौ (accusative dual)
उष्णीषा1 (accusative dual)
उष्णीषान् (accusative plural)
उष्णीषेण (instrumental singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उष्णीषैः (instrumental plural)
उष्णीषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उष्णीषाय (dative singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उष्णीषेभ्यः (dative plural)
उष्णीषात् (ablative singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उष्णीषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उष्णीषस्य (genitive singular)
उष्णीषयोः (dual genitive)
उष्णीषाणाम् (genitive plural)
उष्णीषे (locative singular)
उष्णीषयोः (dual locative)
उष्णीषेषु (locative plural)
उष्णीषम् (nominative singular)
उष्णीषे (dual nominative)
उष्णीषाणि (nominative plural)
उष्णीषा1 (nominative plural)
उष्णीष (singular vocative)
उष्णीषे (dual vocative)
उष्णीषाणि (plural vocative)
उष्णीषा1 (plural vocative)
उष्णीषम् (accusative singular)
उष्णीषे (accusative dual)
उष्णीषाणि (accusative plural)
उष्णीषा1 (accusative plural)
उष्णीषेण (instrumental singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उष्णीषैः (instrumental plural)
उष्णीषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उष्णीषाय (dative singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उष्णीषेभ्यः (dative plural)
उष्णीषात् (ablative singular)
उष्णीषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उष्णीषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उष्णीषस्य (genitive singular)
उष्णीषयोः (dual genitive)
उष्णीषाणाम् (genitive plural)
उष्णीषे (locative singular)
उष्णीषयोः (dual locative)
उष्णीषेषु (locative plural)

desc

Hindi: उश्णीष (uśṇīṣ)

Hindi: उश्णीष (uśṇīṣ)

English: ushnisha

From the root उष् (uṣ, “to burn, consume”), and ultimately from *h₁ews- (“to burn”), cognate with Latin ussī? The line of logic would go that a head covering keeps the head warm. Would thus also be related to Sanskrit उष्ण (uṣṇa).

anything wound round the head; a turban; a fillet

a kind of excrescence on the head of Buddha


स्पट्

head

स्पट् • (spáṭ) m

स्पश् स्पश्#Sanskrit

inflection of स्पश् (spáś):
nominative singular

स्पश् स्पश्#Sanskrit

inflection of स्पश् (spáś):
vocative singular

स्पश् स्पश्#Sanskrit

inflection of स्पश् (spáś):
compounding form


ਵੇਲਾ

vélā (romanization)
ਵੇਲਾ (nominative singular)
ਵੇਲੇ (dual nominative)
ਵੇਲਾਃ (nominative plural)
ਵੇਲੇ (singular vocative)
ਵੇਲੇ (dual vocative)
ਵੇਲਾਃ (plural vocative)
ਵੇਲਾਮ੍ (accusative singular)
ਵੇਲੇ (accusative dual)
ਵੇਲਾਃ (accusative plural)
ਵੇਲਯਾ (instrumental singular)
ਵੇਲਾ1 (instrumental singular)
ਵੇਲਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (dual instrumental)
ਵੇਲਾਭਿਃ (instrumental plural)
ਵੇਲਾਯੈ (dative singular)
ਵੇਲਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (dative dual)
ਵੇਲਾਭ੍ਯਃ (dative plural)
ਵੇਲਾਯਾਃ (ablative singular)
ਵੇਲਾਯੈ2 (ablative singular)
ਵੇਲਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (ablative dual)
ਵੇਲਾਭ੍ਯਃ (ablative plural)
ਵੇਲਾਯਾਃ (genitive singular)
ਵੇਲਾਯੈ2 (genitive singular)
ਵੇਲਯੋਃ (dual genitive)
ਵੇਲਾਨਾਮ੍ (genitive plural)
ਵੇਲਾਯਾਮ੍ (locative singular)
ਵੇਲਯੋਃ (dual locative)
ਵੇਲਾਸੁ (locative plural)


वाघत्

vāghát (romanization)
वाघत् (nominative singular)
वाघतौ (dual nominative)
वाघता1 (dual nominative)
वाघतः (nominative plural)
वाघत् (singular vocative)
वाघतौ (dual vocative)
वाघता1 (dual vocative)
वाघतः (plural vocative)
वाघतम् (accusative singular)
वाघतौ (accusative dual)
वाघता1 (accusative dual)
वाघतः (accusative plural)
वाघता (instrumental singular)
वाघद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाघद्भिः (instrumental plural)
वाघते (dative singular)
वाघद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
वाघद्भ्यः (dative plural)
वाघतः (ablative singular)
वाघद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाघद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
वाघतः (genitive singular)
वाघतोः (dual genitive)
वाघताम् (genitive plural)
वाघति (locative singular)
वाघतोः (dual locative)
वाघत्सु (locative plural)

/ˈʋɑː.ɡʱɐt̪/

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁wogʷʰ-ét, from *h₁wegʷʰ- (“to pray, to praise”). Cognate with Ancient Greek εὔχομαι (eúkhomai, “to pray”).

cog

पुरुत्रा चिद्धि वां नरा विह्वयन्ते मनीषिणः ।
वाघद्भिर् अश्विना गतम् ॥
purutrā ciddhi vāṃ narā vihvayante manīṣiṇaḥ.
vāghadbhir aśvinā gatam.
Verily sages call on you, ye Heroes, in full many a place.

Come, O Aśvins, having been called upon by the initating priests.

the institutor or initiator of the Vedic ritual worship


कट

kaṭa (romanization)
कटः (nominative singular)
कटौ (dual nominative)
कटा1 (dual nominative)
कटाः (nominative plural)
कटासः1 (nominative plural)
कट (singular vocative)
कटौ (dual vocative)
कटा1 (dual vocative)
कटाः (plural vocative)
कटासः1 (plural vocative)
कटम् (accusative singular)
कटौ (accusative dual)
कटा1 (accusative dual)
कटान् (accusative plural)
कटेन (instrumental singular)
कटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कटैः (instrumental plural)
कटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कटाय (dative singular)
कटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कटेभ्यः (dative plural)
कटात् (ablative singular)
कटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कटस्य (genitive singular)
कटयोः (dual genitive)
कटानाम् (genitive plural)
कटे (locative singular)
कटयोः (dual locative)
कटेषु (locative plural)

Probably from a Middle Indic form of unattested *कृत (kṛta), from the root कृत् (kṛt, “to spin”).

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā)

c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

a twist of straw of grass, straw mat, a screen of straw


कट

Of uncertain origin.
Perhaps from an unattested *कृत (kṛta, “curved”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kel-to- (“to curve, bend”), and thus cognate with Ancient Greek σκέλος (skélos, “leg”) and Latin scelus (“wicked deed”).
Alternatively, borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil கடம் (kaṭam, “mountain side, elephant's temple”), Kannada ಕಡೆ (kaḍe, “side, end”), Telugu కడ (kaḍa, “place; end”). See also कटि (kaṭi, “side, end, hip”).

cog

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

the hollow above the hip or the loins, the hip and loins


कट

Of unclear origin. Probably related to Etymology 1. Alternatively, borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil கட்டை (kaṭṭai, “corpse”).

a hearse or any vehicle for conveying a dead body


कट

Borrowed from Dravidian; compare Telugu గడ్డి (gaḍḍi, “grass, straw”). See also खट (khaṭa, “thatching grass”).


कट

Perhaps from Etymology 1, with semantic shift; agreements would be conducted on straw mats in the Classical era. Alternatively, from कृ (kṛ, “to express”).


कट

See करकट (karakaṭa, “elephant's temples”) / करट (karaṭa, “elephant's temples”).

c. 400 CE, Kālidāsa, Raghuvaṃśa

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa