सौचिक

saucika (romanization)
सौचिकः (nominative singular)
सौचिकौ (dual nominative)
सौचिका1 (dual nominative)
सौचिकाः (nominative plural)
सौचिकासः1 (nominative plural)
सौचिक (singular vocative)
सौचिकौ (dual vocative)
सौचिका1 (dual vocative)
सौचिकाः (plural vocative)
सौचिकासः1 (plural vocative)
सौचिकम् (accusative singular)
सौचिकौ (accusative dual)
सौचिका1 (accusative dual)
सौचिकान् (accusative plural)
सौचिकेन (instrumental singular)
सौचिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सौचिकैः (instrumental plural)
सौचिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सौचिकाय (dative singular)
सौचिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सौचिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
सौचिकात् (ablative singular)
सौचिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सौचिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सौचिकस्य (genitive singular)
सौचिकयोः (dual genitive)
सौचिकानाम् (genitive plural)
सौचिके (locative singular)
सौचिकयोः (dual locative)
सौचिकेषु (locative plural)

From सूचि (sūci, “needle, pointed object”) + -क (-ka).

af

सौचिकः वस्त्रं सीव्यति।


शब्दार्थ

śabdārtha (romanization)
शब्दार्थः (nominative singular)
शब्दार्थौ (dual nominative)
शब्दार्थाः (nominative plural)
शब्दार्थ (singular vocative)
शब्दार्थौ (dual vocative)
शब्दार्थाः (plural vocative)
शब्दार्थम् (accusative singular)
शब्दार्थौ (accusative dual)
शब्दार्थान् (accusative plural)
शब्दार्थेन (instrumental singular)
शब्दार्थाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शब्दार्थैः (instrumental plural)
शब्दार्थाय (dative singular)
शब्दार्थाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शब्दार्थेभ्यः (dative plural)
शब्दार्थात् (ablative singular)
शब्दार्थाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शब्दार्थेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शब्दार्थस्य (genitive singular)
शब्दार्थयोः (dual genitive)
शब्दार्थानाम् (genitive plural)
शब्दार्थे (locative singular)
शब्दार्थयोः (dual locative)
शब्दार्थेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of शब्दार्थ

शब्दार्थाभ्याम्

शब्दार्थाभ्याम्

शब्दार्थेभ्यः

शब्दार्थाभ्याम्

शब्दार्थेभ्यः

शब्दार्थानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

शब्दार्थाभ्याम्

शब्दार्थाभ्याम्

शब्दार्थेभ्यः

शब्दार्थाभ्याम्

शब्दार्थेभ्यः

शब्दार्थानाम्

[ɕɐb̚.dɑːɾ.tʰɐh]

/ɕɐbˈd̪ɑːɾ.t̪ʰɐh/

[ɕɐb̚ˈd̪ɑːɾ.t̪ʰɐhɐ̆]

शब्द (śabda, “word”) + अर्थ (artha, “meaning; value”).

compound

nature or meaning (of sounds, oral traditions)


आङ्ग्लभाषा

sa-noun

आङ्ग्लभाषा • (āṅglabhāṣā) stem, f

āṅglabhāṣā (romanization)
आङ्ग्लभाषा (nominative singular)
आङ्ग्लभाषे (dual nominative)
आङ्ग्लभाषाः (nominative plural)
आङ्ग्लभाषे (singular vocative)
आङ्ग्लभाषे (dual vocative)
आङ्ग्लभाषाः (plural vocative)
आङ्ग्लभाषाम् (accusative singular)
आङ्ग्लभाषे (accusative dual)
आङ्ग्लभाषाः (accusative plural)
आङ्ग्लभाषया (instrumental singular)
आङ्ग्लभाषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आङ्ग्लभाषाभिः (instrumental plural)
आङ्ग्लभाषायै (dative singular)
आङ्ग्लभाषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आङ्ग्लभाषाभ्यः (dative plural)
आङ्ग्लभाषायाः (ablative singular)
आङ्ग्लभाषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आङ्ग्लभाषाभ्यः (ablative plural)
आङ्ग्लभाषायाः (genitive singular)
आङ्ग्लभाषयोः (dual genitive)
आङ्ग्लभाषाणाम् (genitive plural)
आङ्ग्लभाषायाम् (locative singular)
आङ्ग्लभाषयोः (dual locative)
आङ्ग्लभाषासु (locative plural)

/ɑːŋɡ.lɐ.bʱɑː.ʂɑː/

/ɑːŋɡ.l̪ɐˈbʱɑː.ʂɑː/

From आङ्ग्ल (āṅgla, “english, anglo”) + भाषा (bhāṣā, “language”).


भस्त्रा

bhástrā (romanization)
भस्त्रा (nominative singular)
भस्त्रे (dual nominative)
भस्त्राः (nominative plural)
भस्त्रे (singular vocative)
भस्त्रे (dual vocative)
भस्त्राः (plural vocative)
भस्त्राम् (accusative singular)
भस्त्रे (accusative dual)
भस्त्राः (accusative plural)
भस्त्रया (instrumental singular)
भस्त्रा1 (instrumental singular)
भस्त्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भस्त्राभिः (instrumental plural)
भस्त्रायै (dative singular)
भस्त्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
भस्त्राभ्यः (dative plural)
भस्त्रायाः (ablative singular)
भस्त्रायै2 (ablative singular)
भस्त्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भस्त्राभ्यः (ablative plural)
भस्त्रायाः (genitive singular)
भस्त्रायै2 (genitive singular)
भस्त्रयोः (dual genitive)
भस्त्राणाम् (genitive plural)
भस्त्रायाम् (locative singular)
भस्त्रयोः (dual locative)
भस्त्रासु (locative plural)

Gujarati: ભાથો (bhātho, “quiver”)

Hindi: भाथा (bhāthā, “bellows”)

Marathi: भाता (bhātā, “quiver”)

/bʱɐ́s.tɾɑː/

/ˈbʱɐs̪.t̪ɾɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰástraH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰástraH, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéstreh₂, from *bʰes- (“to blow (air)”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ψύχω (psúkhō, “I breathe”), Albanian badër (“asphodel”).

cog

bellows; a device used for blowing air into a fire

a large hide with valves and a clay nozzle used as a bellows


पितु

pitú (romanization)
पितुः (nominative singular)
पितू (dual nominative)
पितवः (nominative plural)
पितो (singular vocative)
पितू (dual vocative)
पितवः (plural vocative)
पितुम् (accusative singular)
पितू (accusative dual)
पितून् (accusative plural)
पितुना (instrumental singular)
पित्वा1 (instrumental singular)
पितुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पितुभिः (instrumental plural)
पितवे (dative singular)
पित्वे1 (dative singular)
पितुभ्याम् (dative dual)
पितुभ्यः (dative plural)
पितोः (ablative singular)
पित्वः1 (ablative singular)
पितुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पितुभ्यः (ablative plural)
पितोः (genitive singular)
पित्वः1 (genitive singular)
पित्वोः (dual genitive)
पितूनाम् (genitive plural)
पितौ (locative singular)
पित्वोः (dual locative)
पितुषु (locative plural)
पितु (nominative singular)
पितुनी (dual nominative)
पितूनि (nominative plural)
पितु1 (nominative plural)
पितू1 (nominative plural)
पितु (singular vocative)
पितो (singular vocative)
पितुनी (dual vocative)
पितूनि (plural vocative)
पितु1 (plural vocative)
पितू1 (plural vocative)
पितु (accusative singular)
पितुनी (accusative dual)
पितूनि (accusative plural)
पितु1 (accusative plural)
पितू1 (accusative plural)
पितुना (instrumental singular)
पित्वा1 (instrumental singular)
पितुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पितुभिः (instrumental plural)
पितुने (dative singular)
पितवे1 (dative singular)
पित्वे1 (dative singular)
पितुभ्याम् (dative dual)
पितुभ्यः (dative plural)
पितुनः (ablative singular)
पितोः1 (ablative singular)
पित्वः1 (ablative singular)
पितुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पितुभ्यः (ablative plural)
पितुनः (genitive singular)
पितोः1 (genitive singular)
पित्वः1 (genitive singular)
पितुनोः (dual genitive)
पितूनाम् (genitive plural)
पितुनि (locative singular)
पितौ1 (locative singular)
पितुनोः (dual locative)
पितुषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pitúš (“food”), from Proto-Indo-European *peyt- (“food”). Compare Avestan 𐬞𐬌𐬙𐬎 (pitu, “food”), Lithuanian piẽtūs (“lunch”), Old Irish ith (“grain”).


उक्षन्

ukṣán (romanization)
उक्षा (nominative singular)
उक्षाणौ (dual nominative)
उक्षाणा1 (dual nominative)
उक्षणः (nominative plural)
उक्षन् (singular vocative)
उक्षाणौ (dual vocative)
उक्षाणा1 (dual vocative)
उक्षणः (plural vocative)
उक्षाणम् (accusative singular)
उक्षाणौ (accusative dual)
उक्षाणा1 (accusative dual)
उक्ष्णः (accusative plural)
उक्ष्णा (instrumental singular)
उक्षभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उक्षभिः (instrumental plural)
उक्ष्णे (dative singular)
उक्षभ्याम् (dative dual)
उक्षभ्यः (dative plural)
उक्ष्णः (ablative singular)
उक्षभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उक्षभ्यः (ablative plural)
उक्ष्णः (genitive singular)
उक्ष्णोः (dual genitive)
उक्ष्णाम् (genitive plural)
उक्ष्णि (locative singular)
उक्षणि (locative singular)
उक्षन्1 (locative singular)
उक्ष्णोः (dual locative)
उक्षसु (locative plural)

→ Telugu: ఉక్షము (ukṣamu)

→ Malayalam: ഉക്ഷം (ukṣaṁ)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(H)ukšā́ (“bull, ox”), from Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)uksḗn (“bull, ox”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬥 (uxšān, “bull”), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌰 (auhsa), Welsh ych (“ox”), Breton oc'hen, Old English oxa (whence English ox).

inh

उक्षा मिमाति प्रति यन्ति धेनवो देवस्य देवीरुप यन्ति निष्कृतम् ।

The Bull is bellowing; the Cows are coming nigh: the Goddesses approach the God's own resting-place.

ukṣā mimāti prati yanti dhenavo devasya devīrupa yanti niṣkṛtam.


भस्त्री

bhastrī (romanization)
भस्त्री (nominative singular)
भस्त्र्यौ (dual nominative)
भस्त्र्यः (nominative plural)
भस्त्रि (singular vocative)
भस्त्र्यौ (dual vocative)
भस्त्र्यः (plural vocative)
भस्त्रीम् (accusative singular)
भस्त्र्यौ (accusative dual)
भस्त्रीः (accusative plural)
भस्त्र्या (instrumental singular)
भस्त्रीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भस्त्रीभिः (instrumental plural)
भस्त्र्यै (dative singular)
भस्त्रीभ्याम् (dative dual)
भस्त्रीभ्यः (dative plural)
भस्त्र्याः (ablative singular)
भस्त्रीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भस्त्रीभ्यः (ablative plural)
भस्त्र्याः (genitive singular)
भस्त्र्योः (dual genitive)
भस्त्रीनाम् (genitive plural)
भस्त्र्याम् (locative singular)
भस्त्र्योः (dual locative)
भस्त्रीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of भस्त्री

भस्त्रीभ्याम्

भस्त्रीभ्याम्

भस्त्रीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

भस्त्रीभ्याम्

भस्त्रीभ्याम्

भस्त्रीभ्याम्

Hindi: भाथी (bhāthī)

/ˈbʱɐs̪.t̪ɾiː/

भस्त्रा भस्त्रा#Sanskrit


बभ्रु

babhru (romanization)
बभ्रुः (nominative singular)
बभ्रू (dual nominative)
बभ्रवः (nominative plural)
बभ्रो (singular vocative)
बभ्रू (dual vocative)
बभ्रवः (plural vocative)
बभ्रुम् (accusative singular)
बभ्रू (accusative dual)
बभ्रून् (accusative plural)
बभ्रुणा (instrumental singular)
बभ्र्वा1 (instrumental singular)
बभ्रुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बभ्रुभिः (instrumental plural)
बभ्रवे (dative singular)
बभ्रुभ्याम् (dative dual)
बभ्रुभ्यः (dative plural)
बभ्रोः (ablative singular)
बभ्रुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बभ्रुभ्यः (ablative plural)
बभ्रोः (genitive singular)
बभ्र्वोः (dual genitive)
बभ्रूणाम् (genitive plural)
बभ्रौ (locative singular)
बभ्र्वोः (dual locative)
बभ्रुषु (locative plural)

Pali: babbu (“cat”)

→ Telugu: బభ్రువు (babhruvu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰábʰruš (“beaver, mongoose”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰébʰrus (“beaver”), a nominal derivative of the adjective *bʰebʰrús (“brown”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (baβra), Latin fiber, Old English befer (whence English beaver).

inh

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


वाल

vāla (romanization)
वालः (nominative singular)
वालौ (dual nominative)
वाला1 (dual nominative)
वालाः (nominative plural)
वालासः1 (nominative plural)
वाल (singular vocative)
वालौ (dual vocative)
वाला1 (dual vocative)
वालाः (plural vocative)
वालासः1 (plural vocative)
वालम् (accusative singular)
वालौ (accusative dual)
वाला1 (accusative dual)
वालान् (accusative plural)
वालेन (instrumental singular)
वालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वालैः (instrumental plural)
वालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वालाय (dative singular)
वालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वालेभ्यः (dative plural)
वालात् (ablative singular)
वालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वालस्य (genitive singular)
वालयोः (dual genitive)
वालानाम् (genitive plural)
वाले (locative singular)
वालयोः (dual locative)
वालेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: বাল (bal, “pubic hair”)

Bengali: বাল (bal, “pubic hair”)

Bhojpuri: 𑂥𑂰𑂩 (pubic hair, hair)

Magahi: 𑂥𑂰𑂩 (bār)

desc

Dhivehi: ބޯ, ބޮލު (bō, bolu, “head or hair”)

Gujarati: વાળ (vāḷ, “hair”)

Hindi: बाल (bāl, “hair”)

Kashmiri: وال (vāl, “hair”)

desctree

Pali: vāla (“tail, tail hair”)
→ Khmer: វាល (viəlĕəʼ, “hair”)
→ Thai: พาล (paan, “body hair”)

Punjabi: (“hair”) وال (vāl) / ਵਾਲ (vāl)

Romani: bal (“hair”)

Saraiki: وال (vāl, “hair”)

Urdu: بال (bāl)

→? Kannada: ಬಾಲ (bāla, “tail”) (probably)

→ Tamil: வால் (vāl)

Uncertain; possibly cognate with Lithuanian valaĩ (“hair of the tail”), if so
from Proto-Indo-European *ul (“the tail”), Cognate with Latin *ulos (“tail”) (attested in adūlor), presumably from Proto-Indo-Aryan *wālás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wālás, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to turn”). Further suggested to be related to Latin adūlor. Possibly of Austroasiatic origin according to Przyluski, compare Vietnamese vải (“cotton”), Lao ຝ້າຍ (fāi, “cotton”) (a borrowing from Vietic). However the proper Proto-Austronesian root is *k-rn-pas, whence Sanskrit कर्पास (through Munda), so this hypothesis is untenable.


बहिष्कार

bahiṣkāra (romanization)
बहिष्कारः (nominative singular)
बहिष्कारौ (dual nominative)
बहिष्कारा1 (dual nominative)
बहिष्काराः (nominative plural)
बहिष्कारासः1 (nominative plural)
बहिष्कार (singular vocative)
बहिष्कारौ (dual vocative)
बहिष्कारा1 (dual vocative)
बहिष्काराः (plural vocative)
बहिष्कारासः1 (plural vocative)
बहिष्कारम् (accusative singular)
बहिष्कारौ (accusative dual)
बहिष्कारा1 (accusative dual)
बहिष्कारान् (accusative plural)
बहिष्कारेण (instrumental singular)
बहिष्काराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बहिष्कारैः (instrumental plural)
बहिष्कारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बहिष्काराय (dative singular)
बहिष्काराभ्याम् (dative dual)
बहिष्कारेभ्यः (dative plural)
बहिष्कारात् (ablative singular)
बहिष्काराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बहिष्कारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बहिष्कारस्य (genitive singular)
बहिष्कारयोः (dual genitive)
बहिष्काराणाम् (genitive plural)
बहिष्कारे (locative singular)
बहिष्कारयोः (dual locative)
बहिष्कारेषु (locative plural)

/bɐ.ɦiʂˈkɑː.ɾɐ/

From बहिष् (bahiṣ, “out”) + कार (kāra, “action”).


सर्जन

sárjana (romanization)
सर्जनम् (nominative singular)
सर्जने (dual nominative)
सर्जनानि (nominative plural)
सर्जना1 (nominative plural)
सर्जन (singular vocative)
सर्जने (dual vocative)
सर्जनानि (plural vocative)
सर्जना1 (plural vocative)
सर्जनम् (accusative singular)
सर्जने (accusative dual)
सर्जनानि (accusative plural)
सर्जना1 (accusative plural)
सर्जनेन (instrumental singular)
सर्जनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सर्जनैः (instrumental plural)
सर्जनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सर्जनाय (dative singular)
सर्जनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सर्जनेभ्यः (dative plural)
सर्जनात् (ablative singular)
सर्जनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सर्जनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सर्जनस्य (genitive singular)
सर्जनयोः (dual genitive)
सर्जनानाम् (genitive plural)
सर्जने (locative singular)
सर्जनयोः (dual locative)
सर्जनेषु (locative plural)

/sɐ́ɾ.d͡ʑɐ.nɐ/

/ˈs̪ɐɾ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sárȷ́anam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sárȷ́anam, from Proto-Indo-European *sélǵ-o-no-m, from *selǵ- (“to stand”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥𐬀 (har^əzana), Old English āseolcan (whence English sulk).


मर्मर

marmara (romanization)
मर्मरः (nominative singular)
मर्मरौ (dual nominative)
मर्मराः (nominative plural)
मर्मर (singular vocative)
मर्मरौ (dual vocative)
मर्मराः (plural vocative)
मर्मरम् (accusative singular)
मर्मरौ (accusative dual)
मर्मरान् (accusative plural)
मर्मरेन (instrumental singular)
मर्मराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मर्मरैः (instrumental plural)
मर्मराय (dative singular)
मर्मराभ्याम् (dative dual)
मर्मरेभ्यः (dative plural)
मर्मरात् (ablative singular)
मर्मराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मर्मरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मर्मरस्य (genitive singular)
मर्मरयोः (dual genitive)
मर्मरानाम् (genitive plural)
मर्मरे (locative singular)
मर्मरयोः (dual locative)
मर्मरेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मर्मर

मर्मराभ्याम्

मर्मराभ्याम्

मर्मराभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मर्मराभ्याम्

मर्मराभ्याम्

मर्मराभ्याम्

/ˈmɐɾ.mɐ.ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-European *mormur, of onomatopoeic origin. Cognate with Latin murmur (whence is borrowed English murmur), Ancient Greek μορμύρω (mormúrō, “to roar”), Old High German murmurōn, Old Armenian մռմռամ (mṙmṙam) and Lithuanian mùrmėti (“to mutter, murmur, babble”).


युवक

yuvaka (romanization)
युवकः (nominative singular)
युवकौ (dual nominative)
युवकाः (nominative plural)
युवक (singular vocative)
युवकौ (dual vocative)
युवकाः (plural vocative)
युवकम् (accusative singular)
युवकौ (accusative dual)
युवकान् (accusative plural)
युवकेन (instrumental singular)
युवकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
युवकैः (instrumental plural)
युवकाय (dative singular)
युवकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
युवकेभ्यः (dative plural)
युवकात् (ablative singular)
युवकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
युवकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
युवकस्य (genitive singular)
युवकयोः (dual genitive)
युवकानाम् (genitive plural)
युवके (locative singular)
युवकयोः (dual locative)
युवकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of युवक

→ Bengali: যুবক (jubok)

→ Nepali: युवक (yuwak)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਜਵਾਕ (javāk)

→ Hindi: युवक (yuvak) (learned)

→ Telugu: యువకుడు (yuvakuḍu)


मर्यादा

maryā́dā (romanization)
मर्यादा (nominative singular)
मर्यादे (dual nominative)
मर्यादाः (nominative plural)
मर्यादे (singular vocative)
मर्यादे (dual vocative)
मर्यादाः (plural vocative)
मर्यादाम् (accusative singular)
मर्यादे (accusative dual)
मर्यादाः (accusative plural)
मर्यादया (instrumental singular)
मर्यादा1 (instrumental singular)
मर्यादाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मर्यादाभिः (instrumental plural)
मर्यादायै (dative singular)
मर्यादाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मर्यादाभ्यः (dative plural)
मर्यादायाः (ablative singular)
मर्यादायै2 (ablative singular)
मर्यादाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मर्यादाभ्यः (ablative plural)
मर्यादायाः (genitive singular)
मर्यादायै2 (genitive singular)
मर्यादयोः (dual genitive)
मर्यादानाम् (genitive plural)
मर्यादायाम् (locative singular)
मर्यादयोः (dual locative)
मर्यादासु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: মর্যাদা (morjada)

→ Hindi: मर्यादा (maryādā)

→ Kannada: ಮರ್ಯಾದೆ (maryāde)

Pali: mariyāda

→ Thai: มริยาท (má-rí-yâat)

→ Punjabi: ਮਰਯਾਦਾ (maryādā)

→ Tamil: மரியாதை (mariyātai)

→ Telugu: మర్యాద (maryāda)

→ Thai: มารยาท (maa-rá-yâat), มรรยาท (man-yâat)

/mɐɾ.jɑ́ː.dɑː/

/mɐɾˈjɑː.d̪ɑː/

Uncertain. As the oldest meaning is "border", Mayrhofer prefers the connection to Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀 (mar^əza, “border region”) and Persian مرز (marz, “border”), from Proto-Indo-European *merǵ- (compare English march (“borderland”)) over the connection to *móri (“the sea”) (compare Latin mare, English mere (“lake”)).


अपसर्जन

apasarjana (romanization)
अपसर्जनम् (nominative singular)
अपसर्जने (dual nominative)
अपसर्जनानि (nominative plural)
अपसर्जना1 (nominative plural)
अपसर्जन (singular vocative)
अपसर्जने (dual vocative)
अपसर्जनानि (plural vocative)
अपसर्जना1 (plural vocative)
अपसर्जनम् (accusative singular)
अपसर्जने (accusative dual)
अपसर्जनानि (accusative plural)
अपसर्जना1 (accusative plural)
अपसर्जनेन (instrumental singular)
अपसर्जनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अपसर्जनैः (instrumental plural)
अपसर्जनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अपसर्जनाय (dative singular)
अपसर्जनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अपसर्जनेभ्यः (dative plural)
अपसर्जनात् (ablative singular)
अपसर्जनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अपसर्जनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अपसर्जनस्य (genitive singular)
अपसर्जनयोः (dual genitive)
अपसर्जनानाम् (genitive plural)
अपसर्जने (locative singular)
अपसर्जनयोः (dual locative)
अपसर्जनेषु (locative plural)

/ɐ.pɐˈs̪ɐɾ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hapasarȷ́anam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hapasarȷ́anam (“abandonment”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥𐬀 (apahar^əzana, “dismissal”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎼𐎭 (avahard). Compare also Old Armenian ապահարզան (apaharzan), an Iranian borrowing.


शीर्षन्

sa-noun

शीर्षन् • (śīrṣán) stem, n

śīrṣán (romanization)
शीर्ष (nominative singular)
शीर्ष्णी (dual nominative)
शीर्षणी (dual nominative)
शीर्षाणि (nominative plural)
शीर्ष1 (nominative plural)
शीर्षा1 (nominative plural)
शीर्षन् (singular vocative)
शीर्ष (singular vocative)
शीर्ष्णी (dual vocative)
शीर्षणी (dual vocative)
शीर्षाणि (plural vocative)
शीर्ष1 (plural vocative)
शीर्षा1 (plural vocative)
शीर्ष (accusative singular)
शीर्ष्णी (accusative dual)
शीर्षणी (accusative dual)
शीर्षाणि (accusative plural)
शीर्ष1 (accusative plural)
शीर्षा1 (accusative plural)
शीर्ष्णा (instrumental singular)
शीर्षभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शीर्षभिः (instrumental plural)
शीर्ष्णे (dative singular)
शीर्षभ्याम् (dative dual)
शीर्षभ्यः (dative plural)
शीर्ष्णः (ablative singular)
शीर्षभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शीर्षभ्यः (ablative plural)
शीर्ष्णः (genitive singular)
शीर्ष्णोः (dual genitive)
शीर्ष्णाम् (genitive plural)
शीर्ष्णि (locative singular)
शीर्षणि (locative singular)
शीर्षन्1 (locative singular)
शीर्ष्णोः (dual locative)
शीर्षसु (locative plural)

/ˈɕiːɾ.ʂɐn̪/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śr̥Hsá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥Hšá, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱérh₂-sō, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κάρα (kára), Old English hærn (whence English harns). Collateral of Sanskrit शीर्ष (śīrṣá).


शृङ्खल

śṛṅkhala (romanization)
शृङ्खलः (nominative singular)
शृङ्खलौ (dual nominative)
शृङ्खला1 (dual nominative)
शृङ्खलाः (nominative plural)
शृङ्खलासः1 (nominative plural)
शृङ्खल (singular vocative)
शृङ्खलौ (dual vocative)
शृङ्खला1 (dual vocative)
शृङ्खलाः (plural vocative)
शृङ्खलासः1 (plural vocative)
शृङ्खलम् (accusative singular)
शृङ्खलौ (accusative dual)
शृङ्खला1 (accusative dual)
शृङ्खलान् (accusative plural)
शृङ्खलेन (instrumental singular)
शृङ्खलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शृङ्खलैः (instrumental plural)
शृङ्खलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शृङ्खलाय (dative singular)
शृङ्खलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शृङ्खलेभ्यः (dative plural)
शृङ्खलात् (ablative singular)
शृङ्खलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शृङ्खलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शृङ्खलस्य (genitive singular)
शृङ्खलयोः (dual genitive)
शृङ्खलानाम् (genitive plural)
शृङ्खले (locative singular)
शृङ्खलयोः (dual locative)
शृङ्खलेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: শিকল (śikol)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀗𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀻 (saṅkalī)

Konkani: साखळी (sākhḷī)

Old Marathi:

Marathi: साखळी (sākhḷī)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀁𑀓𑀮 (saṃkala)

Old Gujarati: सांकलउं (sāṃkalaüṃ)

Gujarati: સાંકળું (sā̃kaḷũ)

Hindi: साँकल (sā̃kal)

→ Old Javanese: saṅkala

→ Malay: sengkela

desc

→ Malayalam: ശൃംഖല (śr̥ṅkhala), ചങ്ങല (caṅṅala)

/ˈɕr̩ŋ.kʰɐ.l̪ɐ/

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱer- (“rope”). Cognate with Ancient Greek καῖρος (kaîros), Old Armenian սարդ (sard) and Albanian thur. Given the semantics, the second part of the compound may refer to iron; cf. खरपात्र (kharapātra, “iron pot”), खरसोनि (kharasoni, “iron vessel”), खरालिक (kharālika, “iron arrow”), प्रखर (prakhara, “iron armor”).

chain, fetter, especially one made of iron


साम

sāma (romanization)
सामम् (nominative singular)
सामे (dual nominative)
सामानि (nominative plural)
सामा1 (nominative plural)
साम (singular vocative)
सामे (dual vocative)
सामानि (plural vocative)
सामा1 (plural vocative)
सामम् (accusative singular)
सामे (accusative dual)
सामानि (accusative plural)
सामा1 (accusative plural)
सामेन (instrumental singular)
सामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सामैः (instrumental plural)
सामेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सामाय (dative singular)
सामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सामेभ्यः (dative plural)
सामात् (ablative singular)
सामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सामस्य (genitive singular)
सामयोः (dual genitive)
सामानाम् (genitive plural)
सामे (locative singular)
सामयोः (dual locative)
सामेषु (locative plural)


साम

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

सामन् सामन्#Sanskrit


स्थिर

sthira (romanization)
स्थिरः (nominative singular)
स्थिरौ (dual nominative)
स्थिरा1 (dual nominative)
स्थिराः (nominative plural)
स्थिरासः1 (nominative plural)
स्थिर (singular vocative)
स्थिरौ (dual vocative)
स्थिरा1 (dual vocative)
स्थिराः (plural vocative)
स्थिरासः1 (plural vocative)
स्थिरम् (accusative singular)
स्थिरौ (accusative dual)
स्थिरा1 (accusative dual)
स्थिरान् (accusative plural)
स्थिरेण (instrumental singular)
स्थिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्थिरैः (instrumental plural)
स्थिरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्थिराय (dative singular)
स्थिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्थिरेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्थिरात् (ablative singular)
स्थिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्थिरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्थिरस्य (genitive singular)
स्थिरयोः (dual genitive)
स्थिराणाम् (genitive plural)
स्थिरे (locative singular)
स्थिरयोः (dual locative)
स्थिरेषु (locative plural)

/ˈs̪t̪ʰi.ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *stHrás, from Proto-Indo-European *sth₂rós. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *stàrъ, Proto-Germanic *stōraz, Lithuanian stóras, Albanian stër-, Ossetian стыр (styr), Pashto ستر (stër).

Desmodium gangeticum
Desmodium gangeticum#Translingual


स्थिर

sthira (romanization)
स्थिरम् (nominative singular)
स्थिरे (dual nominative)
स्थिराणि (nominative plural)
स्थिरा1 (nominative plural)
स्थिर (singular vocative)
स्थिरे (dual vocative)
स्थिराणि (plural vocative)
स्थिरा1 (plural vocative)
स्थिरम् (accusative singular)
स्थिरे (accusative dual)
स्थिराणि (accusative plural)
स्थिरा1 (accusative plural)
स्थिरेण (instrumental singular)
स्थिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्थिरैः (instrumental plural)
स्थिरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्थिराय (dative singular)
स्थिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्थिरेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्थिरात् (ablative singular)
स्थिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्थिरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्थिरस्य (genitive singular)
स्थिरयोः (dual genitive)
स्थिराणाम् (genitive plural)
स्थिरे (locative singular)
स्थिरयोः (dual locative)
स्थिरेषु (locative plural)

/ˈs̪t̪ʰi.ɾɐ/


मर्य

márya (romanization)
metrical Vedic máriya (romanization)
मर्यः (nominative singular)
मर्यौ (dual nominative)
मर्या1 (dual nominative)
मर्याः (nominative plural)
मर्यासः1 (nominative plural)
मर्य (singular vocative)
मर्यौ (dual vocative)
मर्या1 (dual vocative)
मर्याः (plural vocative)
मर्यासः1 (plural vocative)
मर्यम् (accusative singular)
मर्यौ (accusative dual)
मर्या1 (accusative dual)
मर्यान् (accusative plural)
मर्येण (instrumental singular)
मर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मर्यैः (instrumental plural)
मर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मर्याय (dative singular)
मर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
मर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
मर्यात् (ablative singular)
मर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
मर्यस्य (genitive singular)
मर्ययोः (dual genitive)
मर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
मर्ये (locative singular)
मर्ययोः (dual locative)
मर्येषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *máryas (“young man”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“young man or woman”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (maⁱriia, “yeoman”) and Latin marītus (“husband”), Ancient Greek μεῖρᾰξ (meîrăx, “lass, young lady”), Welsh morwyn (“maiden”).

cog

सूर्यो देवीमुषसं रोचमानां मर्यो न योषामभ्येति पश्चात् ।

The Sun follows the refulgent goddess of the Dawn like a young man pursues a young lady.

sūryo devīmuṣasaṃ rocamānāṃ maryo na yoṣāmabhyeti paścāt.


गल

gala (romanization)
गलः (nominative singular)
गलौ (dual nominative)
गलाः (nominative plural)
गल (singular vocative)
गलौ (dual vocative)
गलाः (plural vocative)
गलम् (accusative singular)
गलौ (accusative dual)
गलान् (accusative plural)
गलेन (instrumental singular)
गलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गलैः (instrumental plural)
गलाय (dative singular)
गलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गलेभ्यः (dative plural)
गलात् (ablative singular)
गलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गलस्य (genitive singular)
गलयोः (dual genitive)
गलानाम् (genitive plural)
गले (locative singular)
गलयोः (dual locative)
गलेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of गल

Assamese: গল (gol)

Bengali: গলা (gola)

Gujarati: ગળું (gaḷũ)

Hindi: गला (galā)

Kannada: ಗಂಟಲು (gaṇṭalu)

Konkani: गळो (gaḷô)

Marathi: गळा (gaḷā)

Punjabi: ਗਲ਼ਾ (gaḷā), ਗਲ਼ (gaḷa)

Rohingya: gola

Sylheti: ꠉꠟꠣ (gola)

→ Telugu: గళము (gaḷamu), గొంతు (gontu)

Sindhi: गलो (galo)

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷel- (“throat”). Cognate with Latin gula (“throat”) (whence English gullet), Persian گلو (galu, “throat”), Russian глотка (glotka), Old Armenian կուլ- (kul-).


अन्धस्

ándhas (romanization)
अन्धः (nominative singular)
अन्धसी (dual nominative)
अन्धांसि (nominative plural)
अन्धः (singular vocative)
अन्धसी (dual vocative)
अन्धांसि (plural vocative)
अन्धः (accusative singular)
अन्धसी (accusative dual)
अन्धांसि (accusative plural)
अन्धसा (instrumental singular)
अन्धोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अन्धोभिः (instrumental plural)
अन्धसे (dative singular)
अन्धोभ्याम् (dative dual)
अन्धोभ्यः (dative plural)
अन्धसः (ablative singular)
अन्धोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अन्धोभ्यः (ablative plural)
अन्धसः (genitive singular)
अन्धसोः (dual genitive)
अन्धसाम् (genitive plural)
अन्धसि (locative singular)
अन्धसोः (dual locative)
अन्धःसु (locative plural)

/ˈɐn̪.d̪ʱɐs̪/

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éndʰos (“blooming flower, herb, sprout”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”), Old Irish ainder (“young lady, maiden”), Albanian endë (“blooming”), Old Armenian անդ (and, “field”).

inh

तरत् स मन्दी धावति धारा सुतस्यान्धसः।
तरत् स मन्दी धावति॥
tarat sa mandī dhāvati dhārā sutasyāndhasaḥ.

Swift runs this giver of delight, even the stream of flowing juice:
Swift runs this giver of delight.

उभे यत् ते महिना शुभ्रे अन्धसी अधिक्षियन्ति पूरवः।
सा नो बोध्यवित्री मरुत्सखा चोद राधो मघोनाम्॥
ubhe yat te mahinā śubhre andhasī adhikṣiyanti pūravaḥ.
sā no bodhyavitrī marutsakhā coda rādho maghonām.

Favour us thou who hast the Maruts for thy friends: stir up the bounty of our chiefs.

When in the fulness of their strength the Pūrus dwell, Beauteous One, on thy two grassy banks,


पर्यटन

paryaṭana (romanization)
पर्यटनम् (nominative singular)
पर्यटने (dual nominative)
पर्यटनानि (nominative plural)
पर्यटना1 (nominative plural)
पर्यटन (singular vocative)
पर्यटने (dual vocative)
पर्यटनानि (plural vocative)
पर्यटना1 (plural vocative)
पर्यटनम् (accusative singular)
पर्यटने (accusative dual)
पर्यटनानि (accusative plural)
पर्यटना1 (accusative plural)
पर्यटनेन (instrumental singular)
पर्यटनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पर्यटनैः (instrumental plural)
पर्यटनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पर्यटनाय (dative singular)
पर्यटनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पर्यटनेभ्यः (dative plural)
पर्यटनात् (ablative singular)
पर्यटनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पर्यटनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पर्यटनस्य (genitive singular)
पर्यटनयोः (dual genitive)
पर्यटनानाम् (genitive plural)
पर्यटने (locative singular)
पर्यटनयोः (dual locative)
पर्यटनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈpɐɾ.jɐ.ʈɐ.n̪ɐ/

पर्य् (pary, “combining form of परि- (pari-, “around, towards”)”) + अटन (aṭana, “the act or habit of wandering about”).

affix

combining form of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">परि-</i> (pari-, “around, towards”)


तत

tatá (romanization)
ततः (nominative singular)
ततौ (dual nominative)
तता1 (dual nominative)
तताः (nominative plural)
ततासः1 (nominative plural)
तत (singular vocative)
ततौ (dual vocative)
तता1 (dual vocative)
तताः (plural vocative)
ततासः1 (plural vocative)
ततम् (accusative singular)
ततौ (accusative dual)
तता1 (accusative dual)
ततान् (accusative plural)
ततेन (instrumental singular)
तताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ततैः (instrumental plural)
ततेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तताय (dative singular)
तताभ्याम् (dative dual)
ततेभ्यः (dative plural)
ततात् (ablative singular)
तताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ततेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ततस्य (genitive singular)
ततयोः (dual genitive)
ततानाम् (genitive plural)
तते (locative singular)
ततयोः (dual locative)
ततेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *tata-, imitative of baby talk. Compare Latin tata, Ancient Greek τατᾶ (tatâ).

कारुरहं ततो भिषगुपलप्रक्षिणी नना।
नानाधियोवसूयवो अनु घा इव तस्थिमेन्द्रायेन्दो परि स्रव॥
kārurahaṃ tato bhiṣagupalaprakṣiṇī nanā.

I am a poet, my father is a physician and my mother lays corn upon the stones.
Striving for wealth, with varied plans, we follow our desires like kine. Flow, Indu, flow for Indra's sake.

nānādhiyovasūyavo anu ghā iva tasthimendrāyendo pari srava.


उन्नति

unnati (romanization)
उन्नतिः (nominative singular)
उन्नती (dual nominative)
उन्नतयः (nominative plural)
उन्नते (singular vocative)
उन्नती (dual vocative)
उन्नतयः (plural vocative)
उन्नतिम् (accusative singular)
उन्नती (accusative dual)
उन्नतीः (accusative plural)
उन्नत्या (instrumental singular)
उन्नती1 (instrumental singular)
उन्नतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उन्नतिभिः (instrumental plural)
उन्नतये (dative singular)
उन्नत्यै2 (dative singular)
उन्नती1 (dative singular)
उन्नतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
उन्नतिभ्यः (dative plural)
उन्नतेः (ablative singular)
उन्नत्याः2 (ablative singular)
उन्नत्यै3 (ablative singular)
उन्नतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उन्नतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
उन्नतेः (genitive singular)
उन्नत्याः2 (genitive singular)
उन्नत्यै3 (genitive singular)
उन्नत्योः (dual genitive)
उन्नतीनाम् (genitive plural)
उन्नतौ (locative singular)
उन्नत्याम्2 (locative singular)
उन्नता1 (locative singular)
उन्नत्योः (dual locative)
उन्नतिषु (locative plural)

From उद्- (ud-, “up”) + नम् (nam, “to bow, yield”) + -ति (-ti, nominal suffix).


अर्ध

ardhá (romanization)
अर्धम् (nominative singular)
अर्धे (dual nominative)
अर्धानि (nominative plural)
अर्धा1 (nominative plural)
अर्ध (singular vocative)
अर्धे (dual vocative)
अर्धानि (plural vocative)
अर्धा1 (plural vocative)
अर्धम् (accusative singular)
अर्धे (accusative dual)
अर्धानि (accusative plural)
अर्धा1 (accusative plural)
अर्धेन (instrumental singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्धैः (instrumental plural)
अर्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्धाय (dative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्धात् (ablative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्धस्य (genitive singular)
अर्धयोः (dual genitive)
अर्धानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्धे (locative singular)
अर्धयोः (dual locative)
अर्धेषु (locative plural)
अर्धः (nominative singular)
अर्धौ (dual nominative)
अर्धा1 (dual nominative)
अर्धाः (nominative plural)
अर्धासः1 (nominative plural)
अर्ध (singular vocative)
अर्धौ (dual vocative)
अर्धा1 (dual vocative)
अर्धाः (plural vocative)
अर्धासः1 (plural vocative)
अर्धम् (accusative singular)
अर्धौ (accusative dual)
अर्धा1 (accusative dual)
अर्धान् (accusative plural)
अर्धेन (instrumental singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्धैः (instrumental plural)
अर्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्धाय (dative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्धात् (ablative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्धस्य (genitive singular)
अर्धयोः (dual genitive)
अर्धानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्धे (locative singular)
अर्धयोः (dual locative)
अर्धेषु (locative plural)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hárdʰas. Cognate with ऋधक् (ṛdhak, “separately”), Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (ar^əδa), Lithuanian ardýti (“to pull down, destroy”).

cog

भूय इद्वावृधे वीर्यायँ एको अजुर्यो दयते वसूनि ।
प्र रिरिचे दिव इन्द्रः पृथिव्या अर्धमिदस्य प्रति रोदसी उभे ॥
bhūya idvāvṛdhe vīryāyam̐ eko ajuryo dayate vasūni.

INDRA hath waxed yet more for hero prowess, alone, Eternal, he bestoweth treasures.
Indra transcendeth both the worlds in greatness: one half of him equalleth earth and heaven.

pra ririce diva indraḥ pṛthivyā ardhamidasya prati rodasī ubhe.


अर्ध

árdha (romanization)
अर्धम् (nominative singular)
अर्धे (dual nominative)
अर्धानि (nominative plural)
अर्धा1 (nominative plural)
अर्ध (singular vocative)
अर्धे (dual vocative)
अर्धानि (plural vocative)
अर्धा1 (plural vocative)
अर्धम् (accusative singular)
अर्धे (accusative dual)
अर्धानि (accusative plural)
अर्धा1 (accusative plural)
अर्धेन (instrumental singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्धैः (instrumental plural)
अर्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्धाय (dative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्धात् (ablative singular)
अर्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्धस्य (genitive singular)
अर्धयोः (dual genitive)
अर्धानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्धे (locative singular)
अर्धयोः (dual locative)
अर्धेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: اَڈ (aḍ), اۆڈُ (oḍu)

Phalura: آڈ (ā́ḍu)

Torwali: ار (ar)

Pali: addha

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥 (addha), 𑀅𑀟𑁆𑀠 (aḍḍha)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥 (addha)

Awadhi: आधा (ādhā)

Old Gujarati: अरधउं (aradhaüṃ)

desc

Gujarati: અર્ધું (ardhũ), અડધું (aḍadhũ)

Marwari: अरधौ (ardhau)

Hindustani: ādhā

Hindi: आधा

Urdu: آدھا

→ Telugu: అడ్డ (aḍḍa)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: আধা (adha), আধ (adh)

Bengali: আধা (adha), আধ (adh)

Bihari: आधा (ādhā)

Bhojpuri: आधा (ādhā)

Maithili: आध (ādh)

Odia: ଅଧ (adha), ଅଧା (adhā), ଆଡ଼ (āṛa)

Sylheti: ꠀꠗꠣ (àdá)

Northern:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: आद् (ād), आधो (ādho)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: आधा (ādhā), अध (adh)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: अद्धू (addhū), अद्दो (addo), अद्धा (addhā)

Northwestern:

Punjabi: addha

Gurmukhi script: ਅੱਧ

Shahmukhi script: اَدّھَ

Sindhi: adhu

Arabic script: اَڌُ

Devanagari script: अधु

Southern:

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: ādo

Devanagari script: आदो

Latin script: ado

Kannada script: ಆದೊ

Marathi: अर्धे (ardhe)

Sinhalese: අඩ (aḍa)

→ Telugu: అర్ధము (ardhamu)


अतिकाय

(Hinduism) Name of a demon, son of Ravana in the Hindu epic Ramayana


भित्त

bhitta (romanization)
भित्तम् (nominative singular)
भित्ते (dual nominative)
भित्तानि (nominative plural)
भित्ता1 (nominative plural)
भित्त (singular vocative)
भित्ते (dual vocative)
भित्तानि (plural vocative)
भित्ता1 (plural vocative)
भित्तम् (accusative singular)
भित्ते (accusative dual)
भित्तानि (accusative plural)
भित्ता1 (accusative plural)
भित्तेन (instrumental singular)
भित्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भित्तैः (instrumental plural)
भित्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भित्ताय (dative singular)
भित्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
भित्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
भित्तात् (ablative singular)
भित्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भित्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भित्तस्य (genitive singular)
भित्तयोः (dual genitive)
भित्तानाम् (genitive plural)
भित्ते (locative singular)
भित्तयोः (dual locative)
भित्तेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: भित्त (bhitt) (learned)

→ Telugu: భిత్తము (bhittamu) (learned)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd-
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-European *bʰidtós
Sanskrit भित्त (bhitta)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰitˢtás, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰidtós (“split”). By surface analysis, भिद् (bhid) + -त (-ta). Compare English bit.


ਲੋਕ

loká (romanization)
ਲੋਕਃ (nominative singular)
ਲੋਕੌ (dual nominative)
ਲੋਕਾ1 (dual nominative)
ਲੋਕਾਃ (nominative plural)
ਲੋਕਾਸਃ1 (nominative plural)
ਲੋਕ (singular vocative)
ਲੋਕੌ (dual vocative)
ਲੋਕਾ1 (dual vocative)
ਲੋਕਾਃ (plural vocative)
ਲੋਕਾਸਃ1 (plural vocative)
ਲੋਕਮ੍ (accusative singular)
ਲੋਕੌ (accusative dual)
ਲੋਕਾ1 (accusative dual)
ਲੋਕਾਨ੍ (accusative plural)
ਲੋਕੇਨ (instrumental singular)
ਲੋਕਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (dual instrumental)
ਲੋਕੈਃ (instrumental plural)
ਲੋਕੇਭਿਃ1 (instrumental plural)
ਲੋਕਾਯ (dative singular)
ਲੋਕਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (dative dual)
ਲੋਕੇਭ੍ਯਃ (dative plural)
ਲੋਕਾਤ੍ (ablative singular)
ਲੋਕਾਭ੍ਯਾਮ੍ (ablative dual)
ਲੋਕੇਭ੍ਯਃ (ablative plural)
ਲੋਕਸ੍ਯ (genitive singular)
ਲੋਕਯੋਃ (dual genitive)
ਲੋਕਾਨਾਮ੍ (genitive plural)
ਲੋਕੇ (locative singular)
ਲੋਕਯੋਃ (dual locative)
ਲੋਕੇਸ਼ੁ (locative plural)


कृत

kṛtá (romanization)
कृतम् (nominative singular)
कृते (dual nominative)
कृतानि (nominative plural)
कृता1 (nominative plural)
कृत (singular vocative)
कृते (dual vocative)
कृतानि (plural vocative)
कृता1 (plural vocative)
कृतम् (accusative singular)
कृते (accusative dual)
कृतानि (accusative plural)
कृता1 (accusative plural)
कृतेन (instrumental singular)
कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृतैः (instrumental plural)
कृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृताय (dative singular)
कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
कृतात् (ablative singular)
कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृतस्य (genitive singular)
कृतयोः (dual genitive)
कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
कृते (locative singular)
कृतयोः (dual locative)
कृतेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tás (“done”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷr̥-tó-s, from *kʷer- (“to do, make”). By surface analysis, कृ (kṛ) + -त (-ta). Cognate with Avestan 𐬐𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (kər^əta), Old Persian 𐎣𐎼𐎫 (k-r-t /karta/).

name of the die or of the side of a die marked with four points or dots (the lucky or winning die)

name of the first of the four ages of the world


प्रतीक्षा

sa-noun

प्रतीक्षा • (pratīkṣā) stem, f

pratīkṣā (romanization)
प्रतीक्षा (nominative singular)
प्रतीक्षे (dual nominative)
प्रतीक्षाः (nominative plural)
प्रतीक्षे (singular vocative)
प्रतीक्षे (dual vocative)
प्रतीक्षाः (plural vocative)
प्रतीक्षाम् (accusative singular)
प्रतीक्षे (accusative dual)
प्रतीक्षाः (accusative plural)
प्रतीक्षया (instrumental singular)
प्रतीक्षा1 (instrumental singular)
प्रतीक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रतीक्षाभिः (instrumental plural)
प्रतीक्षायै (dative singular)
प्रतीक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रतीक्षाभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रतीक्षायाः (ablative singular)
प्रतीक्षायै2 (ablative singular)
प्रतीक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रतीक्षाभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रतीक्षायाः (genitive singular)
प्रतीक्षायै2 (genitive singular)
प्रतीक्षयोः (dual genitive)
प्रतीक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
प्रतीक्षायाम् (locative singular)
प्रतीक्षयोः (dual locative)
प्रतीक्षासु (locative plural)

/pɾɐˈt̪iːk.ʂɑː/

From प्रति (prati, “towards”) + ईक्ष् (īkṣ, “to see”).

com

expectation, consideration, respect, attention


भर

bhára (romanization)
भरः (nominative singular)
भरौ (dual nominative)
भरा1 (dual nominative)
भराः (nominative plural)
भरासः1 (nominative plural)
भर (singular vocative)
भरौ (dual vocative)
भरा1 (dual vocative)
भराः (plural vocative)
भरासः1 (plural vocative)
भरम् (accusative singular)
भरौ (accusative dual)
भरा1 (accusative dual)
भरान् (accusative plural)
भरेण (instrumental singular)
भराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भरैः (instrumental plural)
भरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भराय (dative singular)
भराभ्याम् (dative dual)
भरेभ्यः (dative plural)
भरात् (ablative singular)
भराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भरस्य (genitive singular)
भरयोः (dual genitive)
भराणाम् (genitive plural)
भरे (locative singular)
भरयोः (dual locative)
भरेषु (locative plural)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰáras, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰóros (“load, burden”). Cognate with Ancient Greek φόρος (phóros).

inh

carrying away or what is carried away, gain,prize, booty

a large quantity, great number, mass, bulk, multitude, abundance, excess

raising the voice, shout or song of praise


गायन

gāyana (romanization)
गायनम् (nominative singular)
गायने (dual nominative)
गायनानि (nominative plural)
गायना1 (nominative plural)
गायन (singular vocative)
गायने (dual vocative)
गायनानि (plural vocative)
गायना1 (plural vocative)
गायनम् (accusative singular)
गायने (accusative dual)
गायनानि (accusative plural)
गायना1 (accusative plural)
गायनेन (instrumental singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गायनैः (instrumental plural)
गायनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गायनाय (dative singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गायनेभ्यः (dative plural)
गायनात् (ablative singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गायनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गायनस्य (genitive singular)
गायनयोः (dual genitive)
गायनानाम् (genitive plural)
गायने (locative singular)
गायनयोः (dual locative)
गायनेषु (locative plural)

Pali: gāyana

→ Hindi: गायन (gāyan)

→ Nepali: गायन (gāyan)

/ˈɡɑː.jɐ.n̪ɐ/

the act of professing or practising singing as a livelihood


गायन

gāyana (romanization)
गायनः (nominative singular)
गायनौ (dual nominative)
गायना1 (dual nominative)
गायनाः (nominative plural)
गायनासः1 (nominative plural)
गायन (singular vocative)
गायनौ (dual vocative)
गायना1 (dual vocative)
गायनाः (plural vocative)
गायनासः1 (plural vocative)
गायनम् (accusative singular)
गायनौ (accusative dual)
गायना1 (accusative dual)
गायनान् (accusative plural)
गायनेन (instrumental singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गायनैः (instrumental plural)
गायनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गायनाय (dative singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गायनेभ्यः (dative plural)
गायनात् (ablative singular)
गायनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गायनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गायनस्य (genitive singular)
गायनयोः (dual genitive)
गायनानाम् (genitive plural)
गायने (locative singular)
गायनयोः (dual locative)
गायनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈɡɑː.jɐ.n̪ɐ/


ભૂ

Gujarati script form of भू (“becoming; world”)


अप्रमाण

head

अप्रमाण • (apramāṇa)

→ Old Gujarati: अप्रमाण (apramāṇa)

→ Tocharian B: apramani


फिङ्गक

phiṅgaka (romanization)
फिङ्गकः (nominative singular)
फिङ्गकौ (dual nominative)
फिङ्गकाः (nominative plural)
फिङ्गक (singular vocative)
फिङ्गकौ (dual vocative)
फिङ्गकाः (plural vocative)
फिङ्गकम् (accusative singular)
फिङ्गकौ (accusative dual)
फिङ्गकान् (accusative plural)
फिङ्गकेन (instrumental singular)
फिङ्गकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
फिङ्गकैः (instrumental plural)
फिङ्गकाय (dative singular)
फिङ्गकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
फिङ्गकेभ्यः (dative plural)
फिङ्गकात् (ablative singular)
फिङ्गकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
फिङ्गकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
फिङ्गकस्य (genitive singular)
फिङ्गकयोः (dual genitive)
फिङ्गकानाम् (genitive plural)
फिङ्गके (locative singular)
फिङ्गकयोः (dual locative)
फिङ्गकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of फिङ्गक

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

फिङ्गकाभ्याम्

Assamese: ফিঙা (phiṅa)

Hindi: फिंगा (phiṅgā)

Diminutive of *फिङ्ग (phiṅga), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pingos (“chaffinch”). Compare Ancient Greek σπίγγος (spíngos, “chaffinch”), Russian пе́нка (pénka, “wren”), Welsh pinc (“finch”), German Fink, Old English finċ (English finch).

cog

species of shrike; a small fork-tailed bird


श्याव

śyāva (romanization)
श्यावः (nominative singular)
श्यावौ (dual nominative)
श्यावा1 (dual nominative)
श्यावाः (nominative plural)
श्यावासः1 (nominative plural)
श्याव (singular vocative)
श्यावौ (dual vocative)
श्यावा1 (dual vocative)
श्यावाः (plural vocative)
श्यावासः1 (plural vocative)
श्यावम् (accusative singular)
श्यावौ (accusative dual)
श्यावा1 (accusative dual)
श्यावान् (accusative plural)
श्यावेन (instrumental singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्यावैः (instrumental plural)
श्यावेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्यावाय (dative singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्यावेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्यावात् (ablative singular)
श्यावाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्यावेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्यावस्य (genitive singular)
श्यावयोः (dual genitive)
श्यावानाम् (genitive plural)
श्यावे (locative singular)
श्यावयोः (dual locative)
श्यावेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHwás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-wó-s (“dark; deep brown”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀 (siiāuua), Persian سیاه (siyâh, “black”), Russian сивый (sivyj, “grey”), Lithuanian šývas (“light grey”), Old English hīew (whence English hue).


जामातृ

sa-noun

जामातृ • (jā́mātṛ) stem, m

jā́mātṛ (romanization)
जामाता (nominative singular)
जामातरौ (dual nominative)
जामातरा1 (dual nominative)
जामातरः (nominative plural)
जामातः (singular vocative)
जामातरौ (dual vocative)
जामातरा1 (dual vocative)
जामातरः (plural vocative)
जामातरम् (accusative singular)
जामातरौ (accusative dual)
जामातरा1 (accusative dual)
जामातॄन् (accusative plural)
जामात्रा (instrumental singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जामातृभिः (instrumental plural)
जामात्रे (dative singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (dative dual)
जामातृभ्यः (dative plural)
जामातुः (ablative singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जामातृभ्यः (ablative plural)
जामातुः (genitive singular)
जामात्रोः (dual genitive)
जामातॄणाम् (genitive plural)
जामातरि (locative singular)
जामात्रोः (dual locative)
जामातृषु (locative plural)
जामाता (nominative singular)
जामातारौ (dual nominative)
जामातारा1 (dual nominative)
जामातारः (nominative plural)
जामातः (singular vocative)
जामातारौ (dual vocative)
जामातारा1 (dual vocative)
जामातारः (plural vocative)
जामातारम् (accusative singular)
जामातारौ (accusative dual)
जामातारा1 (accusative dual)
जामातॄन् (accusative plural)
जामात्रा (instrumental singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जामातृभिः (instrumental plural)
जामात्रे (dative singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (dative dual)
जामातृभ्यः (dative plural)
जामातुः (ablative singular)
जामातृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जामातृभ्यः (ablative plural)
जामातुः (genitive singular)
जामात्रोः (dual genitive)
जामातॄणाम् (genitive plural)
जामातरि (locative singular)
जामात्रोः (dual locative)
जामातृषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: ǰamów

Kashmiri: زامتُر (zāmtur)

Khowar: جَمار (jamaár)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ދަނބި (daᵐbi)

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: ज्वाइँ (jwāĩ)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali-Assamese:

Early Assamese: জমাই (jomai)

Assamese: জোঁৱাই (zü̃ai)

Bengali: জামাই (jamai)

Kamta: জাঙৈ (zaṅoi)

Sylheti: ꠎꠣꠝꠣꠁ (zamai), ꠎꠥꠀꠁ (zuai)

Odia: ଜ୍ୱାଇଁ (jwāĩ)

desctree

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅 (jāmāua)
*𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀅 ~ * 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀺𑀅 (*jāmāia ~ * jāmādia)
Gujarati: જમાઈ (jamāī)
Hindustani: jamāī, jãvāī
Hindi: जमाई, जँवाई
Urdu: جَمائی (jamāī), جَن٘وائی (jãvāī)
Nepali: ज्वाइँ (jwāĩ)
Konkani: jā̃vãy
Devanagari script: जांवंय
Kannada script: ಜಾಂವಂಯ್
Latin script: zanvoim
Old Marathi:
Devanagari script: जावाइ (jāvāi), जावाई (jāvāī)
Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘪𑘰𑘃 (jāvāī)
Marathi: जावई (jāvaī)
Odia: ଜ୍ୱାଇଁ (jwāĩ)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀬 (jāmāuya) — Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀼𑀅 (jāmādua) — Śaurasenī

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜਵਾਈ (javāī)

Shahmukhi script: جَوائی

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڄاٽرو

Devanagari script: ॼाट्रो

Pali: jāmātu

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀼𑀅 (jāmādua)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Old Gujarati: जमाई (jamāī)
Gujarati: જમાઈ (jamāī)
Marwari: जमाई (jamāī)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindustani:

Hindi: जँवाई (jãvāī), जमाई (jamāī)

Urdu: جنوائی (jnvāī), جمائی

Romani: ʒamutro

/d͡ʑɑ́ː.mɑː.tr̩/

/d͡ʑɑːˈmɑː.t̪r̩/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ā́mātā (“son-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵem- (“to marry”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (zāmātar, “son-in-law”), Persian داماد (dâmâd), Ancient Greek γαμβρός (gambrós, “any relative by marriage”), γάμος (gámos) (whence English -gamy).

cog

तव॑ वायव् ऋतस्पते॒ त्वष्टु॑र् जामातर् अद्भुत।
अवां॒स्य् आ वृ॑णीमहे॥
táva vāyav ṛtaspate tváṣṭur jāmātar adbhuta.
ávāṃsy ā́ vṛṇīmahe.

Wonderful Vāyu, Lord of the Order, O thou who art Tvaṣṭar's son-in-law,


होला

holā (romanization)
होला (nominative singular)
होले (dual nominative)
होलाः (nominative plural)
होले (singular vocative)
होले (dual vocative)
होलाः (plural vocative)
होलाम् (accusative singular)
होले (accusative dual)
होलाः (accusative plural)
होलया (instrumental singular)
होला1 (instrumental singular)
होलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
होलाभिः (instrumental plural)
होलायै (dative singular)
होलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
होलाभ्यः (dative plural)
होलायाः (ablative singular)
होलायै2 (ablative singular)
होलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
होलाभ्यः (ablative plural)
होलायाः (genitive singular)
होलायै2 (genitive singular)
होलयोः (dual genitive)
होलानाम् (genitive plural)
होलायाम् (locative singular)
होलयोः (dual locative)
होलासु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰawlaH, of uncertain origin.
Mayrhofer considers this as possibly an onomatopoeic exclamation. He also raises the possibility, via the alternative form होलाका (holākā), of a relation to होलक (holaka, “half-ripe pulse cooked over a light fire”), with the original meaning presumably being "a special type of sweating over hot cow-dung ash".
Others derive the term further from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰaw-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew- (“to pour”).


पङ्क

páṅka (romanization)
पङ्कः (nominative singular)
पङ्कौ (dual nominative)
पङ्का1 (dual nominative)
पङ्काः (nominative plural)
पङ्कासः1 (nominative plural)
पङ्क (singular vocative)
पङ्कौ (dual vocative)
पङ्का1 (dual vocative)
पङ्काः (plural vocative)
पङ्कासः1 (plural vocative)
पङ्कम् (accusative singular)
पङ्कौ (accusative dual)
पङ्का1 (accusative dual)
पङ्कान् (accusative plural)
पङ्केन (instrumental singular)
पङ्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पङ्कैः (instrumental plural)
पङ्केभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पङ्काय (dative singular)
पङ्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
पङ्केभ्यः (dative plural)
पङ्कात् (ablative singular)
पङ्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पङ्केभ्यः (ablative plural)
पङ्कस्य (genitive singular)
पङ्कयोः (dual genitive)
पङ्कानाम् (genitive plural)
पङ्के (locative singular)
पङ्कयोः (dual locative)
पङ्केषु (locative plural)

Assamese: পেঁক (pẽk), বোকা (büka)

Bengali: পাঁক (pãk), পেঁক (pẽk)

Hindi: पाँक (pā̃k)

Sylheti: ꠙꠦꠇ (fex)

Tamil: பங்கம் (paṅkam)

Pali: paṅka

Lao: ບົງ (bong)

Thai: บงก์

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pánkas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánkas, from Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“mire, bog”). Cognate with Old Prussian pannean (“bog”), Middle Irish en (“water”), Dutch veen, Old English fenn (English fen).


किरण

kiráṇa (romanization)
किरणः (nominative singular)
किरणौ (dual nominative)
किरणा1 (dual nominative)
किरणाः (nominative plural)
किरणासः1 (nominative plural)
किरण (singular vocative)
किरणौ (dual vocative)
किरणा1 (dual vocative)
किरणाः (plural vocative)
किरणासः1 (plural vocative)
किरणम् (accusative singular)
किरणौ (accusative dual)
किरणा1 (accusative dual)
किरणान् (accusative plural)
किरणेन (instrumental singular)
किरणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
किरणैः (instrumental plural)
किरणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
किरणाय (dative singular)
किरणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
किरणेभ्यः (dative plural)
किरणात् (ablative singular)
किरणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
किरणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
किरणस्य (genitive singular)
किरणयोः (dual genitive)
किरणानाम् (genitive plural)
किरणे (locative singular)
किरणयोः (dual locative)
किरणेषु (locative plural)

a ray or beam of light, a sunbeam or moonbeam

name of a kind of ketu (of which twenty-five are named)


मन्दुरा

mandurā (romanization)
मन्दुरा (nominative singular)
मन्दुरे (dual nominative)
मन्दुराः (nominative plural)
मन्दुरे (singular vocative)
मन्दुरे (dual vocative)
मन्दुराः (plural vocative)
मन्दुराम् (accusative singular)
मन्दुरे (accusative dual)
मन्दुराः (accusative plural)
मन्दुरया (instrumental singular)
मन्दुरा1 (instrumental singular)
मन्दुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मन्दुराभिः (instrumental plural)
मन्दुरायै (dative singular)
मन्दुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
मन्दुराभ्यः (dative plural)
मन्दुरायाः (ablative singular)
मन्दुरायै2 (ablative singular)
मन्दुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मन्दुराभ्यः (ablative plural)
मन्दुरायाः (genitive singular)
मन्दुरायै2 (genitive singular)
मन्दुरयोः (dual genitive)
मन्दुराणाम् (genitive plural)
मन्दुरायाम् (locative singular)
मन्दुरयोः (dual locative)
मन्दुरासु (locative plural)

Tamil: மந்துரை (manturai)

Together with मन्दिर (mandira, “temple”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *mendreh₂ (“enclosure, stall”), itself a borrowing from an unidentified source that also gave Ancient Greek μάνδρα (mándra, “enclosed space, stable”).


उष्ट्र

sa-noun

उष्ट्र • (úṣṭra) stem, m

úṣṭra (romanization)
उष्ट्रः (nominative singular)
उष्ट्रौ (dual nominative)
उष्ट्रा1 (dual nominative)
उष्ट्राः (nominative plural)
उष्ट्रासः1 (nominative plural)
उष्ट्र (singular vocative)
उष्ट्रौ (dual vocative)
उष्ट्रा1 (dual vocative)
उष्ट्राः (plural vocative)
उष्ट्रासः1 (plural vocative)
उष्ट्रम् (accusative singular)
उष्ट्रौ (accusative dual)
उष्ट्रा1 (accusative dual)
उष्ट्रान् (accusative plural)
उष्ट्रेण (instrumental singular)
उष्ट्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उष्ट्रैः (instrumental plural)
उष्ट्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उष्ट्राय (dative singular)
उष्ट्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
उष्ट्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
उष्ट्रात् (ablative singular)
उष्ट्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उष्ट्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उष्ट्रस्य (genitive singular)
उष्ट्रयोः (dual genitive)
उष्ट्राणाम् (genitive plural)
उष्ट्रे (locative singular)
उष्ट्रयोः (dual locative)
उष्ट्रेषु (locative plural)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 (uṭṭa)

Dardic:

Kalasha: uṭ

Kashmiri: ووٗنٛٹ (vūnṭ)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އޮށް (oṣ̊)

Sinhalese: ඔටුවා (oṭuwā)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: উট (ut)

Bengali: উট (uṭ)

Chakma: 𑄅𑄑𑄴 (uṭ), 𑄃𑄪𑄑𑄴 (uṭ)

Odia: ଓଟ (oṭa)

Sylheti: ꠃꠐ (uṭ)

desctree

< vṛddhi derivative <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">औष्ट्र</i> (auṣṭra)

Pali: oṭṭha (< vṛddhi derivative औष्ट्र (auṣṭra))
→ Lao: ອູດ (ʼūt)
→ Burmese: အုတ် (ut)
→ Khmer: អូដ្ឋ (ʼout) , ឩដ្ឋ (ʼout)
→ Thai: อูฐ (ùut)

Prakrit:

→ Burushaski: [script needed] (ūṭ)

→ Gondi: ఊటడ్ (ūṭaḍ)

→ Kannada: ಒಂಟೆ (oṇṭe)

→ Malayalam: ഒട്ടകം (oṭṭakaṁ)

→ Malay: unta

→ Indonesian: unta

→ Tamil: ஒட்டகம் (oṭṭakam)

→ Telugu: ఒంటె (oṇṭe)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 (uṭṭa), 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀞 (uṭṭha)
Konkani: ओंटे (oṇṭe)
Marathi: उंट (uṇṭa)
Dhivehi: އޮށް (oṣ̊)

Marathi: उंट (uṇṭa)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 (uṭṭa)

Gujarati: ઊંટ (ū̃ṭa)

Hindustani:

Hindi: ऊँट (ū̃ṭ)

→ English: oont

desc

Urdu: اونٹ (ū̃ṭ)

Urdu: اونٹ (ū̃ṭ)

Nepali: उँट (ũṭ)

Punjabi: ਊਠ (ūṭha) / اوٹھ (ūṭh, ūṭhṭh)

Marwari: ओठारू (oṭhārū)

Sindhi: اُٺُ / उठु (uṭhu)

→ Bengali: উষ্ট্র (uśṭro)

→ Hindi: उष्ट्र (uṣṭra)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *úštras; see there for more. Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬱𐬙𐬭𐬀 (uštra), Old English ūr.

ऊँटान

Sauraseni Prakrit: uṭṭāhana (“Lord Hanumat”)

ऊँटसवार

Hindi: ऊँटवान (ū̃ṭ(a)vān, “Lord Hanuman”)


चटक

caṭaka (romanization)
चटकः (nominative singular)
चटकौ (dual nominative)
चटकाः (nominative plural)
चटक (singular vocative)
चटकौ (dual vocative)
चटकाः (plural vocative)
चटकम् (accusative singular)
चटकौ (accusative dual)
चटकान् (accusative plural)
चटकेन (instrumental singular)
चटकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चटकैः (instrumental plural)
चटकाय (dative singular)
चटकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चटकेभ्यः (dative plural)
चटकात् (ablative singular)
चटकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चटकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चटकस्य (genitive singular)
चटकयोः (dual genitive)
चटकानाम् (genitive plural)
चटके (locative singular)
चटकयोः (dual locative)
चटकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of चटक

desc

Prakrit: *𑀘𑀟𑀬 (*caḍaya), *𑀘𑀺𑀟𑀺𑀕 (*ciḍiga), *𑀘𑀟𑀺𑀬 (*caḍiya)

Assamese: চৰাই (sorai)

Bengali: চড়াই (coṛai)

Hindi: चिड़ा (ciṛā), चिड़िया f (ciṛiyā)

→ Bengali: চিড়িয়া (ciṛiẏa)

Punjabi: ਚਿੜੀ (ciṛī)

Romani: ćiriklo, ćirikli

Odia: ଚଟିଆ (caṭiā), ଚଢ଼େଇ (caṛhei)

Sylheti: ꠌꠠꠂ (soṛoi)

/t͡ɕɐ.ʈɐ.kɐ/

/ˈt͡ɕɐ.ʈɐ.kɐ/

A compound of चट (caṭa) + -क (-ka, “doer”), with the first element probably being an imitation of the sounds made by the bird.


हेति

hetí (romanization)
हेतिः (nominative singular)
हेती (dual nominative)
हेतयः (nominative plural)
हेते (singular vocative)
हेती (dual vocative)
हेतयः (plural vocative)
हेतिम् (accusative singular)
हेती (accusative dual)
हेतीः (accusative plural)
हेत्या (instrumental singular)
हेती1 (instrumental singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हेतिभिः (instrumental plural)
हेतये (dative singular)
हेत्यै2 (dative singular)
हेती1 (dative singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
हेतिभ्यः (dative plural)
हेतेः (ablative singular)
हेत्याः2 (ablative singular)
हेत्यै3 (ablative singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हेतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
हेतेः (genitive singular)
हेत्याः2 (genitive singular)
हेत्यै3 (genitive singular)
हेत्योः (dual genitive)
हेतीनाम् (genitive plural)
हेतौ (locative singular)
हेत्याम्2 (locative singular)
हेता1 (locative singular)
हेत्योः (dual locative)
हेतिषु (locative plural)
हेतिः (nominative singular)
हेती (dual nominative)
हेतयः (nominative plural)
हेते (singular vocative)
हेती (dual vocative)
हेतयः (plural vocative)
हेतिम् (accusative singular)
हेती (accusative dual)
हेतीन् (accusative plural)
हेतिना (instrumental singular)
हेत्या1 (instrumental singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हेतिभिः (instrumental plural)
हेतये (dative singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
हेतिभ्यः (dative plural)
हेतेः (ablative singular)
हेत्यः1 (ablative singular)
हेतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हेतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
हेतेः (genitive singular)
हेत्यः1 (genitive singular)
हेत्योः (dual genitive)
हेतीनाम् (genitive plural)
हेतौ (locative singular)
हेता1 (locative singular)
हेत्योः (dual locative)
हेतिषु (locative plural)

→ Tamil: ஏதி (ēti)

From the root हि (hi) + -ति (-ti), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰey- (“dart, projectile”); cognate with English goad and Scottish Gaelic gath (“arrow, dart”).

inh

परि॑ णो हे॒ती रु॒द्रस्य॑ वृज्याः॒ परि॑ त्वे॒षस्य॑ दुर्म॒तिर्म॒ही गा॑त् ।
अव॑ स्थि॒रा म॒घव॑द्भ्यस्तनुष्व॒ मीढ्व॑स्तो॒काय॒ तन॑याय मृळ ॥
pári ṇo hetī́ rudrásya vṛjyāḥ pári tveṣásya durmatírmahī́ gāt.

May Rudra's missile turn aside and spare us, may the great wrath of the impetuous One avoid us.
Turn, O Bounteous God, thy strong bow from our princes, and be thou gracious to our progeny and offspring.

áva sthirā́ maghávadbhyastanuṣva mī́ḍhvastokā́ya tánayāya mṛḷa


स्नुषा

snuṣā́ (romanization)
स्नुषा (nominative singular)
स्नुषे (dual nominative)
स्नुषाः (nominative plural)
स्नुषे (singular vocative)
स्नुषे (dual vocative)
स्नुषाः (plural vocative)
स्नुषाम् (accusative singular)
स्नुषे (accusative dual)
स्नुषाः (accusative plural)
स्नुषया (instrumental singular)
स्नुषा1 (instrumental singular)
स्नुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्नुषाभिः (instrumental plural)
स्नुषायै (dative singular)
स्नुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्नुषाभ्यः (dative plural)
स्नुषायाः (ablative singular)
स्नुषायै2 (ablative singular)
स्नुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्नुषाभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्नुषायाः (genitive singular)
स्नुषायै2 (genitive singular)
स्नुषयोः (dual genitive)
स्नुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
स्नुषायाम् (locative singular)
स्नुषयोः (dual locative)
स्नुषासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: نۄش (nọś)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (suṇhā)

Old Marathi: सुन (sun)

Marathi: सून (sūn)

Konkani: सून (sūn)

Pali: suṇisā

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਨੂੰਹ (nū̃h)

→ Kannada: ಸೊಸೆ (sose)

/ˈs̪n̪u.ʂɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *snušás (“daughter-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *snusós (“daughter-in-law”). Cognate with Persian سنه (sonoh), سنهار (sonhâr), Latin nurus, Ancient Greek νυός (nuós), Old English snoru.

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

ये सूर्यात्परिसर्पन्ति स्नुषेव श्वशुरादधि ।
ye sūryātparisarpanti snuṣeva śvaśurādadhi.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 8.6.24

She slinkers from the Sun, as slinks a daughter-in-law from her father-in-law


कोलिक

kolika (romanization)
कोलिकः (nominative singular)
कोलिकौ (dual nominative)
कोलिकाः (nominative plural)
कोलिक (singular vocative)
कोलिकौ (dual vocative)
कोलिकाः (plural vocative)
कोलिकम् (accusative singular)
कोलिकौ (accusative dual)
कोलिकान् (accusative plural)
कोलिकेन (instrumental singular)
कोलिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोलिकैः (instrumental plural)
कोलिकाय (dative singular)
कोलिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोलिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
कोलिकात् (ablative singular)
कोलिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोलिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोलिकस्य (genitive singular)
कोलिकयोः (dual genitive)
कोलिकानाम् (genitive plural)
कोलिके (locative singular)
कोलिकयोः (dual locative)
कोलिकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of कोलिक

कोलिकाभ्याम्

कोलिकाभ्याम्

कोलिकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

कोलिकाभ्याम्

कोलिकाभ्याम्

कोलिकाभ्याम्

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀅 (kolia)

Marathi: कोळी (koḷī)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀅 (kolia)

Hindi: कोली (kolī)

Gujarati: કોળી (koḷī)

Gujarati: કરોળિયો (karoḷiyo)


धूलि

dhūli (romanization)
धूलिः (nominative singular)
धूली (dual nominative)
धूलयः (nominative plural)
धूले (singular vocative)
धूली (dual vocative)
धूलयः (plural vocative)
धूलिम् (accusative singular)
धूली (accusative dual)
धूलीः (accusative plural)
धूल्या (instrumental singular)
धूली1 (instrumental singular)
धूलिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धूलिभिः (instrumental plural)
धूलये (dative singular)
धूल्यै2 (dative singular)
धूली1 (dative singular)
धूलिभ्याम् (dative dual)
धूलिभ्यः (dative plural)
धूलेः (ablative singular)
धूल्याः2 (ablative singular)
धूल्यै3 (ablative singular)
धूलिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धूलिभ्यः (ablative plural)
धूलेः (genitive singular)
धूल्याः2 (genitive singular)
धूल्यै3 (genitive singular)
धूल्योः (dual genitive)
धूलीनाम् (genitive plural)
धूलौ (locative singular)
धूल्याम्2 (locative singular)
धूला1 (locative singular)
धूल्योः (dual locative)
धूलिषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀥𑀽𑀮𑀻 (dhūlī)

Old Marathi: धूळि (dhūḷi)

Marathi: धूळ (dhūḷ)

→ Kannada: ಧೂಳು (dhūḷu)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਧੂੜ (dhūṛ)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀥𑀽𑀮𑀻 (dhūlī)

Gujarati: ધૂળ (dhūḷ)

Hindi: धूल (dhūl), धूर (dhūr)

Romani: thuli

→ Old Khmer: ធូលី (dhūlī)

Khmer: ធូលី (thuulii)

→ Lao: ທຸລີ (thu lī)

→ Thai: ธุลี (tú-lii)

→ Malay: duli

Indonesian: duli

→ Hindi: धूलि (dhūli)

→ Bengali: ধূলি (dhuli)

→? Tamil: தூசி (tūci)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰuHliṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHliš, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂lis, from *dʰewh₂- (“smoke”). Cognate with Lithuanian dúlis (“mist”) and Latin fūlīgō.


नस्

nás (romanization)
नासा (dual nominative)
नसा (instrumental singular)
नसोः (dual genitive)
नसि (locative singular)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *náHs, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s (“nose”). Cognate with Old Persian 𐎴𐎠𐏃𐎶 (n-a-h-m /nāham/), Latin nāsus (“nose”), Lithuanian nósis (“nose”), Prasuni nes, Tregami nās, Old English nosu (whence English nose).

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

सुपर्णस्त्वान्वविन्दत्सूकरस्त्वाखनन् नसा ।
प्राशं प्रतिप्राशो जह्यरसान् कृण्वोषधे ॥
suparṇastvānvavindatsūkarastvākhanan nasā.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 2.27.2

The strong-winged bird discovered thee, the boar unearthed thee with his snout.
Refute mine adversary's speech. Render them dull and flat, O Plant.

prāśaṃ pratiprāśo jahyarasān kṛṇvoṣadhe.

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa


धाना

dhānā́ (romanization)
धाना (nominative singular)
धाने (dual nominative)
धानाः (nominative plural)
धाने (singular vocative)
धाने (dual vocative)
धानाः (plural vocative)
धानाम् (accusative singular)
धाने (accusative dual)
धानाः (accusative plural)
धानया (instrumental singular)
धाना1 (instrumental singular)
धानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धानाभिः (instrumental plural)
धानायै (dative singular)
धानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
धानाभ्यः (dative plural)
धानायाः (ablative singular)
धानायै2 (ablative singular)
धानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धानाभ्यः (ablative plural)
धानायाः (genitive singular)
धानायै2 (genitive singular)
धानयोः (dual genitive)
धानानाम् (genitive plural)
धानायाम् (locative singular)
धानयोः (dual locative)
धानासु (locative plural)

Punjabi: ਧਾਣ (dhāṇ)

/ˈd̪ʱɑː.n̪ɑː/

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰoHnéh₂ (“grain”). Cognate with Lithuanian dúona, Tocharian B tāno, Persian دانه (dâne). Compare Kamkata-viri juvór dõ (“popped corn”).

स्तीर्णं ते बर्हिः सुत इन्द्र सोमः कृता धाना अत्तवे ते हरिभ्याम् ।
तदोकसे पुरुशाकाय वृष्णे मरुत्वते तुभ्यं राता हवींषि ॥
stīrṇaṃ te barhiḥ suta indra somaḥ kṛtā dhānā attave te haribhyām.

The grass is strewn for thee, pressed is the Soma; the grain is ready for thy horses to feed on.
To thee who lovest them, the very mighty, strong, girt by Maruts, are these gifts presented.

tadokase puruśākāya vṛṣṇe marutvate tubhyaṃ rātā havīṃṣi.


कोक

kóka (romanization)
कोकः (nominative singular)
कोकौ (dual nominative)
कोकाः (nominative plural)
कोक (singular vocative)
कोकौ (dual vocative)
कोकाः (plural vocative)
कोकम् (accusative singular)
कोकौ (accusative dual)
कोकान् (accusative plural)
कोकेन (instrumental singular)
कोकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कोकैः (instrumental plural)
कोकाय (dative singular)
कोकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कोकेभ्यः (dative plural)
कोकात् (ablative singular)
कोकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कोकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कोकस्य (genitive singular)
कोकयोः (dual genitive)
कोकानाम् (genitive plural)
कोके (locative singular)
कोकयोः (dual locative)
कोकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of कोक

Pali: koka

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀅 (koa)

Hindi: कोक (kok)

Odia: କୋକ (koka)

→ Tamil: கோகம் (kōkam)

→ Telugu: కోకము (kōkamu)

(Atharvaveda) a kind of parasitical animal


निद्रा

nidrā́ (romanization)
निद्रा (nominative singular)
निद्रे (dual nominative)
निद्राः (nominative plural)
निद्रे (singular vocative)
निद्रे (dual vocative)
निद्राः (plural vocative)
निद्राम् (accusative singular)
निद्रे (accusative dual)
निद्राः (accusative plural)
निद्रया (instrumental singular)
निद्रा1 (instrumental singular)
निद्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
निद्राभिः (instrumental plural)
निद्रायै (dative singular)
निद्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
निद्राभ्यः (dative plural)
निद्रायाः (ablative singular)
निद्रायै2 (ablative singular)
निद्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
निद्राभ्यः (ablative plural)
निद्रायाः (genitive singular)
निद्रायै2 (genitive singular)
निद्रयोः (dual genitive)
निद्राणाम् (genitive plural)
निद्रायाम् (locative singular)
निद्रयोः (dual locative)
निद्रासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Torwali: نین (nīn)

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (ṇiddā) (see there for further descendants)

→ Kannada: ನಿದ್ರೆ (nidre)

→ Tamil: நித்திரை (nittirai)

→ Thai: นิทรา (nít-traa)

/ˈn̪id̪.ɾɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HnidráH (“sleep”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HnidráH (“sleep”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ni-drm̥-éh₂, from *h₁ni (“down”) + *drem- (“to sleep”). Compare Old Armenian նիրհ (nirh) (a borrowing from Iranian), Ancient Greek δαρθάνω (darthánō), Latin dormiō. See also नि (ní) and द्रायति (drā́yati).

त्राता॑रो देवा॒ अधि॑ वोचता नो॒ मा नो॑ नि॒द्रा ई॑शत॒ मोत जल्पि॑:।
व॒यं सोम॑स्य वि॒श्वह॑ प्रि॒यास॑: सु॒वीरा॑सो वि॒दथ॒मा व॑देम॥
trā́tāro devā ádhi vocatā no mā́ no nidrā́ īśata mótá jálpi:.

Give us your blessing, O ye Gods’ preservers. Never may sleep or idle talk control us.
But evermore may we, as friends of Soma, speak to the synod with brave sons around us.

vayáṃ sómasya viśváha priyā́sa: suvī́rāso vidáthamā́ vadema.


कृकर

kṛkara (romanization)
कृकरः (nominative singular)
कृकरौ (dual nominative)
कृकराः (nominative plural)
कृकर (singular vocative)
कृकरौ (dual vocative)
कृकराः (plural vocative)
कृकरम् (accusative singular)
कृकरौ (accusative dual)
कृकरान् (accusative plural)
कृकरेन (instrumental singular)
कृकराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृकरैः (instrumental plural)
कृकराय (dative singular)
कृकराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृकरेभ्यः (dative plural)
कृकरात् (ablative singular)
कृकराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृकरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृकरस्य (genitive singular)
कृकरयोः (dual genitive)
कृकरानाम् (genitive plural)
कृकरे (locative singular)
कृकरयोः (dual locative)
कृकरेषु (locative plural)

Masculine a-stem declension of कृकर

Early Assamese: কৈৰা (koira)

Assamese: কইৰ (koir)

→ Hindi: किरकिला (kirkilā)

Punjabi: ਕੁੱਕੜ (kukkaṛ, “rooster”)

From Proto-Indo-European *kerk- (“crow, raven”), probably an onamatopoeia. Cognate with Ancient Greek κόραξ (kórax), Old Irish cerc (“hen”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀𐬙𐬀𐬝 (kahrkatat̰, “rooster”), obsolete German Ruch, Old English hrōc (English rook).


कुब्ज

kubjá (romanization)
कुब्जः (nominative singular)
कुब्जौ (dual nominative)
कुब्जा1 (dual nominative)
कुब्जाः (nominative plural)
कुब्जासः1 (nominative plural)
कुब्ज (singular vocative)
कुब्जौ (dual vocative)
कुब्जा1 (dual vocative)
कुब्जाः (plural vocative)
कुब्जासः1 (plural vocative)
कुब्जम् (accusative singular)
कुब्जौ (accusative dual)
कुब्जा1 (accusative dual)
कुब्जान् (accusative plural)
कुब्जेन (instrumental singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुब्जैः (instrumental plural)
कुब्जेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुब्जाय (dative singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुब्जेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुब्जात् (ablative singular)
कुब्जाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुब्जेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुब्जस्य (genitive singular)
कुब्जयोः (dual genitive)
कुब्जानाम् (genitive plural)
कुब्जे (locative singular)
कुब्जयोः (dual locative)
कुब्जेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚 (kujja)

Assamese: কুঁজ (kũz)

Bengali: কুঁজ (kũj), কুঁজা (kũja)

desc

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚 (kujja), 𑀓𑁄𑀚𑁆𑀚 (kojja), 𑀔𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚 (khujja)

⇒ Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀔𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚-𑀟-𑀅 (*khujja-ḍa-a)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: खुजट (khujaṭa)

Modi script: 𑘏𑘳𑘕𑘘 (khujaṭa)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਕੁੱਬਾ (kubbā)

Pali: kujja, khujja

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: कुब्ज (kubj)

Urdu: کُبْج (kubj)

→ Old Gujarati: कुबज (kubaja)

→ Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: कुबुज (kubuja)

Modi script: 𑘎𑘳𑘤𑘳𑘕 (kubuja)

→ Telugu: కుబ్జము (kubjamu), కుబ్జుడు (kubjuḍu)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kubȷ́ás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kubȷ́ás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewb-. Compare Persian غوز (ğuz), Latin gibbus, Old English hype.

खुजे

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀅 (kujjaa), 𑀔𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀅 (khujjaa)

prickly chaff flower
prickly chaff flower

Achyranthes aspera
Achyranthes aspera#Translingual

a prickly chaff flower (Achyranthes aspera)


पृथुक

pṛ́thuka (romanization)
पृथुकः (nominative singular)
पृथुकौ (dual nominative)
पृथुका1 (dual nominative)
पृथुकाः (nominative plural)
पृथुकासः1 (nominative plural)
पृथुक (singular vocative)
पृथुकौ (dual vocative)
पृथुका1 (dual vocative)
पृथुकाः (plural vocative)
पृथुकासः1 (plural vocative)
पृथुकम् (accusative singular)
पृथुकौ (accusative dual)
पृथुका1 (accusative dual)
पृथुकान् (accusative plural)
पृथुकेन (instrumental singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पृथुकैः (instrumental plural)
पृथुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पृथुकाय (dative singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पृथुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
पृथुकात् (ablative singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पृथुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पृथुकस्य (genitive singular)
पृथुकयोः (dual genitive)
पृथुकानाम् (genitive plural)
पृथुके (locative singular)
पृथुकयोः (dual locative)
पृथुकेषु (locative plural)
पृथुकम् (nominative singular)
पृथुके (dual nominative)
पृथुकानि (nominative plural)
पृथुका1 (nominative plural)
पृथुक (singular vocative)
पृथुके (dual vocative)
पृथुकानि (plural vocative)
पृथुका1 (plural vocative)
पृथुकम् (accusative singular)
पृथुके (accusative dual)
पृथुकानि (accusative plural)
पृथुका1 (accusative plural)
पृथुकेन (instrumental singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पृथुकैः (instrumental plural)
पृथुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पृथुकाय (dative singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पृथुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
पृथुकात् (ablative singular)
पृथुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पृथुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पृथुकस्य (genitive singular)
पृथुकयोः (dual genitive)
पृथुकानाम् (genitive plural)
पृथुके (locative singular)
पृथुकयोः (dual locative)
पृथुकेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: पोहे (pohe)

Konkani: फौ (fou)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: પૌંઆ (paũā)

Punjabi: ਪੋਹਾ (pohā)

Hindi: पोहा (pohā)

→ Assamese: পোহা (püha)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pŕ̥tʰukas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pŕ̥tʰukas, from Proto-Indo-European *pŕ̥-th₂u-ko-s, from *per- (“to give birth”). Compare Ancient Greek πόρτις (pórtis), Latin partus.


ऋज्र

ṛjrá (romanization)
ऋज्रः (nominative singular)
ऋज्रौ (dual nominative)
ऋज्रा1 (dual nominative)
ऋज्राः (nominative plural)
ऋज्रासः1 (nominative plural)
ऋज्र (singular vocative)
ऋज्रौ (dual vocative)
ऋज्रा1 (dual vocative)
ऋज्राः (plural vocative)
ऋज्रासः1 (plural vocative)
ऋज्रम् (accusative singular)
ऋज्रौ (accusative dual)
ऋज्रा1 (accusative dual)
ऋज्रान् (accusative plural)
ऋज्रेण (instrumental singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋज्रैः (instrumental plural)
ऋज्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ऋज्राय (dative singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋज्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋज्रात् (ablative singular)
ऋज्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋज्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋज्रस्य (genitive singular)
ऋज्रयोः (dual genitive)
ऋज्राणाम् (genitive plural)
ऋज्रे (locative singular)
ऋज्रयोः (dual locative)
ऋज्रेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hr̥ȷ́rás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥ȷ́rás, from Proto-Indo-European h₂r̥ǵ-ró-s (“white, shining”), from *h₂erǵ- (“white, glittering”) (whence अर्जुन (árjuna), रजत (rajatá)). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀργός (argós).


श्येन

śyená (romanization)
श्येनः (nominative singular)
श्येनौ (dual nominative)
श्येना1 (dual nominative)
श्येनाः (nominative plural)
श्येनासः1 (nominative plural)
श्येन (singular vocative)
श्येनौ (dual vocative)
श्येना1 (dual vocative)
श्येनाः (plural vocative)
श्येनासः1 (plural vocative)
श्येनम् (accusative singular)
श्येनौ (accusative dual)
श्येना1 (accusative dual)
श्येनान् (accusative plural)
श्येनेन (instrumental singular)
श्येनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्येनैः (instrumental plural)
श्येनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्येनाय (dative singular)
श्येनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्येनेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्येनात् (ablative singular)
श्येनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्येनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्येनस्य (genitive singular)
श्येनयोः (dual genitive)
श्येनानाम् (genitive plural)
श्येने (locative singular)
श्येनयोः (dual locative)
श्येनेषु (locative plural)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: শেন (xen)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑁂𑀡 (seṇa)

Pali: sena

→ Telugu: శ్యేనము (śyēnamu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaynás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱy-ey-nó-s ~ *ḱyeh₁-inó-s (“bird of prey”), probably ultimately related to *(s)ḱeh₃- (“shade, hue”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬀 (saēna, “raptor; a mythical bird”), Middle Persian syn-mwlw (/Sēn-murw/), Old Armenian ցին (cʻin, “kite”) and probably Ancient Greek ἴκτινος (íktinos, “kite”).

cog

वृ॒ष॒ण॒श्वेन॑ मरुतो॒ वृष॑प्सुना॒ रथे॑न॒ वृष॑नाभिना।
आ श्ये॒नासो॒ न प॒क्षिणो॒ वृथा॑ नरो ह॒व्या नो॑ वी॒तये॑ गत॥
vṛṣaṇaśvéna maruto vṛ́ṣapsunā ráthena vṛ́ṣanābhinā.

Come hither, O ye Maruts, on your strong horsed car, solid in look, with solid naves.
Lightly like winged falcons, O ye Heroes, come, come to enjoy our offerings.

ā́ śyenā́so ná pakṣíṇo vṛ́thā naro havyā́ no vītáye gata.

अग्नि अग्नि#Sanskrit

(Vedic religion) The name of a divine hawk identified with अग्नि (agni) who ascends to the heavens for bringing सोम (soma) to earth

(Vedic religion) A hawk-shaped fire-altar (अग्निचयन (agnicayana)) constructed with bricks


तरुण

taruṇa (romanization)
तरुणः (nominative singular)
तरुणौ (dual nominative)
तरुणा1 (dual nominative)
तरुणाः (nominative plural)
तरुणासः1 (nominative plural)
तरुण (singular vocative)
तरुणौ (dual vocative)
तरुणा1 (dual vocative)
तरुणाः (plural vocative)
तरुणासः1 (plural vocative)
तरुणम् (accusative singular)
तरुणौ (accusative dual)
तरुणा1 (accusative dual)
तरुणान् (accusative plural)
तरुणेन (instrumental singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तरुणैः (instrumental plural)
तरुणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तरुणाय (dative singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तरुणेभ्यः (dative plural)
तरुणात् (ablative singular)
तरुणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तरुणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तरुणस्य (genitive singular)
तरुणयोः (dual genitive)
तरुणानाम् (genitive plural)
तरुणे (locative singular)
तरुणयोः (dual locative)
तरुणेषु (locative plural)

/ˈt̪ɐ.ɾu.ɳɐ/

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tárunas (“young”), from Proto-Indo-European *térunos (“tender, soft”), from *ter- (“young, tender”). Cognate with Ancient Greek τέρην (térēn), Albanian trim (“man, hero”), Avestan 𐬙𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬥𐬀 (taᵘruna, “young”).


भुजङ्ग

bhujaṅga (romanization)
भुजङ्गः (nominative singular)
भुजङ्गौ (dual nominative)
भुजङ्गाः (nominative plural)
भुजङ्ग (singular vocative)
भुजङ्गौ (dual vocative)
भुजङ्गाः (plural vocative)
भुजङ्गम् (accusative singular)
भुजङ्गौ (accusative dual)
भुजङ्गान् (accusative plural)
भुजङ्गेन (instrumental singular)
भुजङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भुजङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
भुजङ्गाय (dative singular)
भुजङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भुजङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
भुजङ्गात् (ablative singular)
भुजङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भुजङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भुजङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
भुजङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
भुजङ्गानाम् (genitive plural)
भुजङ्गे (locative singular)
भुजङ्गयोः (dual locative)
भुजङ्गेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of भुजङ्ग

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

भुजङ्गाभ्याम्

Pali: bhujaṅga

→ Old Khmer: būjuṅa

Khmer: ភុជង្គ (phucngkɔɔ)

→ Thai: ภุชงค์ (pú-chong)

→ Hindi: भुजंग (bhujaṅg)

→ Tamil: புஜங்கம் (pujaṅkam)

/bʱu.d͡ʑɐŋ.ɡɐ/

/bʱuˈd͡ʑɐŋ.ɡɐ/

From the root भुज् (bhuj, “to bend”), similar to पतङ्ग (pataṅgá) from पत् (pat). Sometimes interpreted as भुज् (bhuj) + अङ्ग (aṅga, “body”).


शफ

śaphá (romanization)
शफः (nominative singular)
शफौ (dual nominative)
शफा1 (dual nominative)
शफाः (nominative plural)
शफासः1 (nominative plural)
शफ (singular vocative)
शफौ (dual vocative)
शफा1 (dual vocative)
शफाः (plural vocative)
शफासः1 (plural vocative)
शफम् (accusative singular)
शफौ (accusative dual)
शफा1 (accusative dual)
शफान् (accusative plural)
शफेन (instrumental singular)
शफाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शफैः (instrumental plural)
शफेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शफाय (dative singular)
शफाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शफेभ्यः (dative plural)
शफात् (ablative singular)
शफाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शफेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शफस्य (genitive singular)
शफयोः (dual genitive)
शफानाम् (genitive plural)
शफे (locative singular)
शफयोः (dual locative)
शफेषु (locative plural)

Pali: sapha

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćapʰás (“hoof”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱoph₂ós (“hoof”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬟𐬀 (safa, “hoof”), Old English hōf (whence English hoof).

यस्य॑ व्र॒ते पृ॑थि॒वी नन्न॑मीति॒ यस्य॑ व्र॒ते श॒फव॒ज्जर्भु॑रीति ।
यस्य॑ व्र॒त ओष॑धीर्वि॒श्वरू॑पाः॒ स नः॑ पर्जन्य॒ महि॒ शर्म॑ यच्छ ॥
yásya vraté pṛthivī́ nánnamīti yásya vraté śaphávajjárbhurīti.

Thou at whose bidding earth bows low before thee, at whose command hoofed cattle quiver in terror
At whose behest the plants assume all colours, even thou Parjanya, yield us great protection.

yásya vratá óṣadhīrviśvárūpāḥ sá naḥ parjanya máhi śárma yaccha.


ऋषभ

ṛṣabhá (romanization)
ऋषभः (nominative singular)
ऋषभौ (dual nominative)
ऋषभा1 (dual nominative)
ऋषभाः (nominative plural)
ऋषभासः1 (nominative plural)
ऋषभ (singular vocative)
ऋषभौ (dual vocative)
ऋषभा1 (dual vocative)
ऋषभाः (plural vocative)
ऋषभासः1 (plural vocative)
ऋषभम् (accusative singular)
ऋषभौ (accusative dual)
ऋषभा1 (accusative dual)
ऋषभान् (accusative plural)
ऋषभेण (instrumental singular)
ऋषभाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋषभैः (instrumental plural)
ऋषभेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ऋषभाय (dative singular)
ऋषभाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋषभेभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋषभात् (ablative singular)
ऋषभाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋषभेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋषभस्य (genitive singular)
ऋषभयोः (dual genitive)
ऋषभाणाम् (genitive plural)
ऋषभे (locative singular)
ऋषभयोः (dual locative)
ऋषभेषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨀𐨂𐨮𐨬𐨿𐨱 (uṣavha)

Khowar: ریݰو (reṣú)

Pali: usabha

→ Khmer: ឧសភ (ʼŏsâph)

→ Kannada: ಋಷಭ (ṛṣabha)

desc

→ Malayalam: ഋഷഭം (r̥ṣabhaṁ), ഇടവം (iṭavaṁ)

→ Tamil: ரிஷபம் (riṣapam), இடபம் (iṭapam)

→ Telugu: ఋషభము (r̥ṣabhamu)

/r̩.ʂɐ.bʱɐ́/

/ˈr̩.ʂɐ.bʱɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)r̥šabʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥sn̥-bʰó-s, from *wérsēn (“male animal; manly man”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (ar^əšan), Ancient Greek ἄρσην (ársēn), Old Armenian առն (aṙn), Latin verrēs (“boar”). Also related to वृषभ (vṛṣabhá), वृषन् (vṛṣan).

ऋ॒ष॒भं मा॑ समा॒नानां॑ स॒पत्ना॑नां विषास॒हिम्।
ह॒न्तारं॒ शत्रू॑णां कृधि वि॒राजं॒ गोप॑तिं॒ गवा॑म्॥
ṛṣabháṃ mā samānā́nāṃ sapátnānāṃ viṣāsahím.

Make me a bull among my peers, make me conquer my rivals, make me the slayer of my foes, a sovereign ruler lord of the cattle.

hantā́raṃ śátrūṇāṃ kṛdhi virā́jaṃ gópatiṃ gávām.

the best, excellent and the most powerful of any kind or race


हृद्रोग

→ Bengali: হৃদ্রোগ (hridrōg)

→ Kannada: ಹೃದ್ರೋಗ (hṛdrōga)

→ Telugu: హృద్రోగము (hr̥drōgamu)

→ Malayalam: ഹൃദ്രോഗം (hr̥drōgaṁ)

/ɦr̩d.ɾɐw.ɡɐ́/

/ɦr̩d̪ˈɾoː.ɡɐ/

From हृद् (hṛd, “heart”) + रोग (roga, “disease, pain”).

compound

हृद्रोगं मम सूर्य हरिमाणं च नाशय ॥
hṛdrogaṃ mama sūrya harimāṇaṃ ca nāśaya.
O Sūrya remove my heart's disease, take from me this my yellow hue [jaundice].

heart disease; any disease affecting the heart


क्षम्

kṣám (romanization)
क्षाः (nominative singular)
क्षामा (dual nominative)
क्षामः (nominative plural)
क्षाः (nominative plural)
क्षाम् (accusative singular)
क्षामा (accusative dual)
क्षाः (accusative plural)
ज्मा (instrumental singular)
क्षे (dative singular)
ग्मः (ablative singular)
ज्मः (ablative singular)
क्ष्मः (ablative singular)
ग्मः (genitive singular)
ज्मः (genitive singular)
क्ष्मः (genitive singular)
क्षमि (locative singular)
क्षासु (locative plural)

Kalasha: čhom

→ Telugu: క్షమ (kṣama)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ḍẓʰáHs, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰžʰáHs, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰḿ̥h₂s (“earth”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬨 (zam), Latin humus, the source of English human; Ancient Greek χθών (khthṓn), Persian زمین (zamin), Russian земля (zemlja).

कृ॒ष्णा रजां॑सि पत्सु॒तः प्र॒याणे॑ जा॒तवे॑दसः ।
अ॒ग्निर्यद्रोध॑ति॒ क्षमि॑ ॥
kṛṣṇā́ rájāṃsi patsutáḥ prayā́ṇe jātávedasaḥ.
agníryádródhati kṣámi.

As Jātavedas speeds along, the dust is black beneath his feet,


मृद्

mṛ́d (romanization)
मृत् (nominative singular)
मृदौ (dual nominative)
मृदा1 (dual nominative)
मृदः (nominative plural)
मृत् (singular vocative)
मृदौ (dual vocative)
मृदा1 (dual vocative)
मृदः (plural vocative)
मृदम् (accusative singular)
मृदौ (accusative dual)
मृदा1 (accusative dual)
मृदः (accusative plural)
मृदा (instrumental singular)
मृद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मृद्भिः (instrumental plural)
मृदे (dative singular)
मृद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
मृद्भ्यः (dative plural)
मृदः (ablative singular)
मृद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
मृद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
मृदः (genitive singular)
मृदोः (dual genitive)
मृदाम् (genitive plural)
मृदि (locative singular)
मृदोः (dual locative)
मृत्सु (locative plural)

→ Tamil: மிருதை (mirutai)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *mŕ̥ts, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mŕ̥ts, from Proto-Indo-European *mĺ̥dʰ-s. Cognate with मृदु (mṛdu, “soft, weak”) Ancient Greek μάλθη (málthē), Old English molde (whence English mold).


पांसु

pāṃsú (romanization)
पांसुः (nominative singular)
पांसू (dual nominative)
पांसवः (nominative plural)
पांसो (singular vocative)
पांसू (dual vocative)
पांसवः (plural vocative)
पांसुम् (accusative singular)
पांसू (accusative dual)
पांसून् (accusative plural)
पांसुना (instrumental singular)
पांस्वा1 (instrumental singular)
पांसुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पांसुभिः (instrumental plural)
पांसवे (dative singular)
पांस्वे1 (dative singular)
पांसुभ्याम् (dative dual)
पांसुभ्यः (dative plural)
पांसोः (ablative singular)
पांस्वः1 (ablative singular)
पांसुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पांसुभ्यः (ablative plural)
पांसोः (genitive singular)
पांस्वः1 (genitive singular)
पांस्वोः (dual genitive)
पांसूनाम् (genitive plural)
पांसौ (locative singular)
पांस्वोः (dual locative)
पांसुषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: phāu

Kashmiri: پَاہ

Shumashti: pō

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Kamkata-viri: pəŕes

Prasuni: puċé, pərċé

Waigali: pasilä̃

Pali: paṁsu

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀀𑀲𑀼 (pam̐su), 𑀧𑀸𑀲𑀼 (pāsu)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Awadhi: पाँसि (pā̃si)

Gujarati: પાઁસુ (pām̐su)

Old Hindi: पाँसु (pām̐su)

Hindustani: pā̃s

Hindi: पाँस

Urdu: پَاںس (pā̃s)

Romani:

Carpathian Romani: pōši

Romano-Greek: pošík

Vlax Romani: poš, poši

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: পাঁস (pãs)

Odia: ପାଉଁସ (pāũsa)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ފަސް (fas)

Sinhalese: පස (pasa)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi:

Lahnda: پاہ (pāh)

Southern Hindko: پا (pā)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pānsúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pānsúš.


पाषी

pāṣī (romanization)
पाषी (nominative singular)
पाष्यौ (dual nominative)
पाषी1 (dual nominative)
पाष्यः (nominative plural)
पाषीः1 (nominative plural)
पाषि (singular vocative)
पाष्यौ (dual vocative)
पाषी1 (dual vocative)
पाष्यः (plural vocative)
पाषीः1 (plural vocative)
पाषीम् (accusative singular)
पाष्यौ (accusative dual)
पाषी1 (accusative dual)
पाषीः (accusative plural)
पाष्या (instrumental singular)
पाषीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पाषीभिः (instrumental plural)
पाष्यै (dative singular)
पाषीभ्याम् (dative dual)
पाषीभ्यः (dative plural)
पाष्याः (ablative singular)
पाष्यै2 (ablative singular)
पाषीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पाषीभ्यः (ablative plural)
पाष्याः (genitive singular)
पाष्यै2 (genitive singular)
पाष्योः (dual genitive)
पाषीणाम् (genitive plural)
पाष्याम् (locative singular)
पाष्योः (dual locative)
पाषीषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *paršíH, from Proto-Indo-European *pels-íh₂. Cognate with Pashto پرښه (parša), Ancient Greek πέλλα (pélla, “stone”). See also पाषाण (pāṣāṇa). Compare Ashkun paṣú (“mountainslope, side”), Kamkata-viri paṣǘ, paṣí (“mountainslope, side”), Prasuni Uṣǘt (“Pashki, literally "place of the rock"”).

cog

RV 1.56.6
त्वं दिवो धरुणं धिष ओजसा पृथिव्या इन्द्र सदनेषु माहिनः ।
त्वं सुतस्य मदे अरिणा अपो वि वृत्रस्य समया पाष्यारुजः ॥
tvaṃ divo dharuṇaṃ dhiṣa ojasā pṛthivyā indra sadaneṣu māhinaḥ.
tvaṃ sutasya made ariṇā apo vi vṛtrasya samayā pāṣyārujaḥ.
Thou with thy might didst grasp, the holder-up of heaven, thou who art mighty also in the seats of earth.
Thou, gladdened by the juice, hast set the waters free, and broken Vrtra's stony fences through and through.


ऋश्य

ṛ́śya (romanization)
ऋश्यः (nominative singular)
ऋश्यौ (dual nominative)
ऋश्या1 (dual nominative)
ऋश्याः (nominative plural)
ऋश्यासः1 (nominative plural)
ऋश्य (singular vocative)
ऋश्यौ (dual vocative)
ऋश्या1 (dual vocative)
ऋश्याः (plural vocative)
ऋश्यासः1 (plural vocative)
ऋश्यम् (accusative singular)
ऋश्यौ (accusative dual)
ऋश्या1 (accusative dual)
ऋश्यान् (accusative plural)
ऋश्येन (instrumental singular)
ऋश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋश्यैः (instrumental plural)
ऋश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ऋश्याय (dative singular)
ऋश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋश्यात् (ablative singular)
ऋश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋश्यस्य (genitive singular)
ऋश्ययोः (dual genitive)
ऋश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
ऋश्ये (locative singular)
ऋश्ययोः (dual locative)
ऋश्येषु (locative plural)

⇒ Pali: issamiga

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ĺ̥-ḱ-yos (“horned wild animal”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔλαφος (élaphos, “red deer”), Russian лось (losʹ, “elk”), English elk. Also compare ऋश (ṛśa).

cog

ऋश्यो॒ न तृष्य॑न्नव॒पान॒मा ग॑हि॒ पिबा॒ सोमं॒ वशाँ॒ अनु॑।
नि॒मेघ॑मानो मघवन्दि॒वेदि॑व॒ ओजि॑ष्ठं दधिषे॒ सहः॑॥
ṛ́śyo ná tṛ́ṣyannavapā́namā́ gahi píbā sómaṃ váśām̐ ánu.

Come like a thirsty antelope to the drinking-place: drink Soma to thy heart's desire.
Raining it down, O Maghavan, day after day, thou gainest thy surpassing might.

niméghamāno maghavandivédiva ójiṣṭhaṃ dadhiṣe sáhaḥ.

(Vedic) a stag, the male of a species of antelope


वार्

vā́r (romanization)
वाः (nominative singular)
वारी (dual nominative)
वारि (nominative plural)
वाः (singular vocative)
वारी (dual vocative)
वारि (plural vocative)
वाः (accusative singular)
वारी (accusative dual)
वारि (accusative plural)
वारा (instrumental singular)
वार्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वार्भिः (instrumental plural)
वारे (dative singular)
वार्भ्याम् (dative dual)
वार्भ्यः (dative plural)
वारः (ablative singular)
वार्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
वार्भ्यः (ablative plural)
वारः (genitive singular)
वारोः (dual genitive)
वाराम् (genitive plural)
वारि (locative singular)
वारोः (dual locative)
वार्षु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáHr̥, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁r- ~ *h₂wer-. Compare Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬭 (vār), Persian باران (bârân, “rain”), Latin ūrīna, ūrīnārī, Ancient Greek οὖρον (oûron), Old English ūrig (“moist”), Old Prussian wurs (“pool”), perhaps Old Armenian գայռ (gayṙ, “mud”) and Proto-Slavic *varъ.

अश्वो॒ वोळ्हा॑ सु॒खं रथं॑ हस॒नामु॑पम॒न्त्रिण॑:।
शेपो॒ रोम॑ण्वन्तौ भे॒दौ वारिन्म॒ण्डूक॑ इच्छ॒तीन्द्रा॑येन्दो॒ परि॑ स्रव॥
áśvo vóḷhā sukháṃ ráthaṃ hasanā́mupamantríṇa:.

The draught horse (desire) a cart easy (to draw); those who invite guests (desire) merriment; the frog desires water; flow, Indu, for Indra.

śépo rómaṇvantau bhedaú vā́rínmaṇḍū́ka icchatī́ndrāyendo pári srava.


वापी

vāpī (romanization)
वापी (nominative singular)
वाप्यौ (dual nominative)
वापी1 (dual nominative)
वाप्यः (nominative plural)
वापीः1 (nominative plural)
वापि (singular vocative)
वाप्यौ (dual vocative)
वापी1 (dual vocative)
वाप्यः (plural vocative)
वापीः1 (plural vocative)
वापीम् (accusative singular)
वाप्यौ (accusative dual)
वापी1 (accusative dual)
वापीः (accusative plural)
वाप्या (instrumental singular)
वापीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वापीभिः (instrumental plural)
वाप्यै (dative singular)
वापीभ्याम् (dative dual)
वापीभ्यः (dative plural)
वाप्याः (ablative singular)
वाप्यै2 (ablative singular)
वापीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वापीभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाप्याः (genitive singular)
वाप्यै2 (genitive singular)
वाप्योः (dual genitive)
वापीनाम् (genitive plural)
वाप्याम् (locative singular)
वाप्योः (dual locative)
वापीषु (locative plural)

Pali: vāpi

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀯𑀻 (vāvī)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: bāwī, bāī̃

desc

Hindi: बावी, बाईं

Hindi: बावी, बाईं

Urdu: بَاوِی (bāvī), بَاءِیں (bā'ī̃)

Urdu: بَاوِی (bāvī), بَاءِیں (bā'ī̃)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: vā̃, bā̃

Gurmukhi script: ਵਾਂ, ਬਾਂ

Shahmukhi script: وَاں, بَاں

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: vāī

Arabic script: وَاءِي

Devanagari script: वाई

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ވެއު (veu)

Old Sinhalese: වපි (wapi)

Sinhalese: වැව (wæwa)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: bāiya

Devanagari script: बांय

Latin script: baim

Kannada script: ಬಾಂಯ್

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: વાવ (vāv)

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀯~𑀟𑀻

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: bāuṛī

Hindi: बाउड़ी

Hindi: बाउड़ी

Urdu: بَاءُڑِی (bā'uṛī)

Urdu: بَاءُڑِی (bā'uṛī)

→ Marathi: बावडी (bāvḍī)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: વાવડી (vāvḍī)

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀯~𑀮𑀻

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Old Awadhi: बावरी (bāvarī)

Hindustani: bāulī, bāurī

Hindi: बाउली, बाउरी

Hindi: बाउली, बाउरी

Urdu: بَاءُلِی (bā'ulī), بَاءُرِی (bā'urī)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bihari: बाव्ली (bāwlī)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: बावली (bāwalī)

→ Kannada: ಬಾವಿ (bāvi)

Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *weHp-. Compare Lithuanian upė.


लोपाश

lopāśá (romanization)
laupāśá (Vedic)
लोपाशः (nominative singular)
लोपाशौ (dual nominative)
लोपाशा1 (dual nominative)
लोपाशाः (nominative plural)
लोपाशासः1 (nominative plural)
लोपाश (singular vocative)
लोपाशौ (dual vocative)
लोपाशा1 (dual vocative)
लोपाशाः (plural vocative)
लोपाशासः1 (plural vocative)
लोपाशम् (accusative singular)
लोपाशौ (accusative dual)
लोपाशा1 (accusative dual)
लोपाशान् (accusative plural)
लोपाशेन (instrumental singular)
लोपाशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोपाशैः (instrumental plural)
लोपाशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लोपाशाय (dative singular)
लोपाशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोपाशेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोपाशात् (ablative singular)
लोपाशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोपाशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोपाशस्य (genitive singular)
लोपाशयोः (dual genitive)
लोपाशानाम् (genitive plural)
लोपाशे (locative singular)
लोपाशयोः (dual locative)
लोपाशेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: لۆہ (loh)

/l̪oːˈpɑː.ɕɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HlawpaHśás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HlawpaHćás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl(o)p-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬞𐬌 (urupi), 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬞𐬌 (raopi), Latin vulpēs (“fox”), Ancient Greek ἀλώπηξ (alṓpēx), and Lithuanian lapė. Doublet of लोपाक (lopāka). Doublet of रूपका (rū́pakā).


अद्ग

ádga (romanization)
अद्गः (nominative singular)
अद्गौ (dual nominative)
अद्गा1 (dual nominative)
अद्गाः (nominative plural)
अद्गासः1 (nominative plural)
अद्ग (singular vocative)
अद्गौ (dual vocative)
अद्गा1 (dual vocative)
अद्गाः (plural vocative)
अद्गासः1 (plural vocative)
अद्गम् (accusative singular)
अद्गौ (accusative dual)
अद्गा1 (accusative dual)
अद्गान् (accusative plural)
अद्गेन (instrumental singular)
अद्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अद्गैः (instrumental plural)
अद्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अद्गाय (dative singular)
अद्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अद्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
अद्गात् (ablative singular)
अद्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अद्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अद्गस्य (genitive singular)
अद्गयोः (dual genitive)
अद्गानाम् (genitive plural)
अद्गे (locative singular)
अद्गयोः (dual locative)
अद्गेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hádᶻgas, from Proto-Indo-European *Hodsgʷós (“knot”).


मशक

maśaka (romanization)
मशकः (nominative singular)
मशकौ (dual nominative)
मशका1 (dual nominative)
मशकाः (nominative plural)
मशकासः1 (nominative plural)
मशक (singular vocative)
मशकौ (dual vocative)
मशका1 (dual vocative)
मशकाः (plural vocative)
मशकासः1 (plural vocative)
मशकम् (accusative singular)
मशकौ (accusative dual)
मशका1 (accusative dual)
मशकान् (accusative plural)
मशकेन (instrumental singular)
मशकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मशकैः (instrumental plural)
मशकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मशकाय (dative singular)
मशकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मशकेभ्यः (dative plural)
मशकात् (ablative singular)
मशकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मशकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मशकस्य (genitive singular)
मशकयोः (dual genitive)
मशकानाम् (genitive plural)
मशके (locative singular)
मशकयोः (dual locative)
मशकेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Early Assamese: মশ (mośo)

Assamese: মহ (moh)

Bengali: মশা (mośa)

Konkani: मूस (mūs)

Tamil: மசகம் (macakam), மசம் (macam)

→ Telugu: మశకము (maśakamu)

Metathesized from Proto-Indo-Aryan *makáśas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *makáćas.


जलूका

jalūkā (romanization)
जलूका (nominative singular)
जलूके (dual nominative)
जलूकाः (nominative plural)
जलूके (singular vocative)
जलूके (dual vocative)
जलूकाः (plural vocative)
जलूकाम् (accusative singular)
जलूके (accusative dual)
जलूकाः (accusative plural)
जलूकया (instrumental singular)
जलूकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जलूकाभिः (instrumental plural)
जलूकायै (dative singular)
जलूकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जलूकाभ्यः (dative plural)
जलूकायाः (ablative singular)
जलूकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जलूकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
जलूकायाः (genitive singular)
जलूकयोः (dual genitive)
जलूकानाम् (genitive plural)
जलूकायाम् (locative singular)
जलूकयोः (dual locative)
जलूकासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of जलूका

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: জোক (zük)

Bengali: জোঁক (jō̃k)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: जळू (j̈aḷū)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑁄𑀓𑁆 (jok)

Gujarati: જળો (jaḷo)

Hindustani:

Hindi: जोंक (jõk)

Urdu: جونک (joṅk)

Nepali: जुका (jukā)

Punjabi: ਜੋਕ (jok) / جوک (jok)

Sindhi: ڄَرُ / ॼरु (j̈aru), ڄؤر / ॼौर (j̈aura)

/d͡ʑɐˈl̪uː.kɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́aluš, potentially from Proto-Indo-European *ǵelu-. Compare Persian زالو.


वसा

vásā (romanization)
वसा (nominative singular)
वसे (dual nominative)
वसाः (nominative plural)
वसे (singular vocative)
वसे (dual vocative)
वसाः (plural vocative)
वसाम् (accusative singular)
वसे (accusative dual)
वसाः (accusative plural)
वसया (instrumental singular)
वसाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वसाभिः (instrumental plural)
वसायै (dative singular)
वसाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वसाभ्यः (dative plural)
वसायाः (ablative singular)
वसाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वसाभ्यः (ablative plural)
वसायाः (genitive singular)
वसयोः (dual genitive)
वसानाम् (genitive plural)
वसायाम् (locative singular)
वसयोः (dual locative)
वसासु (locative plural)

Feminine ā-stem declension of वसा

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wásaH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wásaH, from Proto-Indo-European *wóseh₂ (“sap”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *wōsą, whence Old English wos (“sap, froth”) (whence English ooze).


वाष्प

vāṣpá (romanization)
वाष्पः (nominative singular)
वाष्पौ (dual nominative)
वाष्पाः (nominative plural)
वाष्प (singular vocative)
वाष्पौ (dual vocative)
वाष्पाः (plural vocative)
वाष्पम् (accusative singular)
वाष्पौ (accusative dual)
वाष्पान् (accusative plural)
वाष्पेन (instrumental singular)
वाष्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाष्पैः (instrumental plural)
वाष्पाय (dative singular)
वाष्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाष्पेभ्यः (dative plural)
वाष्पात् (ablative singular)
वाष्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाष्पेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाष्पस्य (genitive singular)
वाष्पयोः (dual genitive)
वाष्पानाम् (genitive plural)
वाष्पे (locative singular)
वाष्पयोः (dual locative)
वाष्पेषु (locative plural)

Masculine a-stem declension of वाष्प

वाष्पाभ्याम्

वाष्पाभ्याम्

वाष्पाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

वाष्पाभ्याम्

वाष्पाभ्याम्

वाष्पाभ्याम्

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀩𑀧𑁆𑀨 (bappha)

Hindustani:

Hindi: भाप (bhāp)

Urdu: بھاپ (bhāp)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਭਾਫ (bhāph)

Shahmukhi script: بھاف (bhāf)

→ Hindi: वाष्प (vāṣp) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਵਾਸ਼ਪ (vāśap) (learned)

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *wápōs undergoing metathesis. Compare Latin vapor.


मत्कुण

matkuṇa (romanization)
मत्कुणः (nominative singular)
मत्कुणौ (dual nominative)
मत्कुणाः (nominative plural)
मत्कुण (singular vocative)
मत्कुणौ (dual vocative)
मत्कुणाः (plural vocative)
मत्कुणम् (accusative singular)
मत्कुणौ (accusative dual)
मत्कुणान् (accusative plural)
मत्कुणेन (instrumental singular)
मत्कुणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मत्कुणैः (instrumental plural)
मत्कुणाय (dative singular)
मत्कुणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मत्कुणेभ्यः (dative plural)
मत्कुणात् (ablative singular)
मत्कुणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मत्कुणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मत्कुणस्य (genitive singular)
मत्कुणयोः (dual genitive)
मत्कुणानाम् (genitive plural)
मत्कुणे (locative singular)
मत्कुणयोः (dual locative)
मत्कुणेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मत्कुण

मत्कुणाभ्याम्

मत्कुणाभ्याम्

मत्कुणाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मत्कुणाभ्याम्

मत्कुणाभ्याम्

मत्कुणाभ्याम्

→ Tamil: மற்குணம் (maṟkuṇam)

From Proto-Indo-European *mot- (“worm, grub”). Cognate with Russian мотыль (motylʹ, “bloodworm”) and Old English maþa.