दुग्ध

dugdhá (romanization)
दुह् (root)
दुग्धम् (nominative singular)
दुग्धे (dual nominative)
दुग्धानि (nominative plural)
दुग्धा1 (nominative plural)
दुग्ध (singular vocative)
दुग्धे (dual vocative)
दुग्धानि (plural vocative)
दुग्धा1 (plural vocative)
दुग्धम् (accusative singular)
दुग्धे (accusative dual)
दुग्धानि (accusative plural)
दुग्धा1 (accusative plural)
दुग्धेन (instrumental singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुग्धैः (instrumental plural)
दुग्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुग्धाय (dative singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुग्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुग्धात् (ablative singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुग्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुग्धस्य (genitive singular)
दुग्धयोः (dual genitive)
दुग्धानाम् (genitive plural)
दुग्धे (locative singular)
दुग्धयोः (dual locative)
दुग्धेषु (locative plural)

Rajbanshi: दुऩि (dunhi)

Kashmiri: دۄد (dọd)

Pali: duddha

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (duddha) (see there for further descendants)

→ Bengali: দুগ্ধ (dugdho)

→ Hindi: दुग्ध (dugdh) (learned)

→ Kannada: ದುಗ್ಧ (dugdha)

→ Tamil: துத்தம் (tuttam)

/ˈd̪uɡ.d̪ʱɐ/

[ˈd̪uɡ̚.d̪ʱɐ]

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰugʰ-tó-s from *dʰewgʰ- (“to be yield”). Synchronically analyzable as the past passive participle of the root of दोग्धि (dógdhi, “to milk”).

प्रि॒यं दु॒ग्धं न काम्य॒मजा॑मि जा॒म्योः सचा॑। घ॒र्मो न वाज॑जठ॒रोऽद॑ब्ध॒: शश्व॑तो॒ दभ॑:॥

May Agni with his two relatives, heaven and earth, hear this faultless praise, acceptable as milk; he who, like the mixed oblation, is filled with food, and unsubsdued, is ever the subduer of his foes.

priyáṃ dugdháṃ ná kā́myamájāmi jāmyóḥ sácā. gharmó ná vā́jajaṭharóʼdabdha: śáśvato dábha:.

श्वेतायै श्वेतवत्सायै दुग्धं मथितमाज्यमभवत्यज्यं प्रोक्षणमाज्येन मार्जयन्ते...

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) II.2.10.2

The butter is churned from the milk of a white (cow) with a white calf; butter is used for the sprinkling, and they purify themselves with butter...

śvetāyai śvetavatsāyai dugdhaṃ mathitamājyamabhavatyajyaṃ prokṣaṇamājyena mārjayante...


क्षीर

kṣīrá (romanization)
क्षीरम् (nominative singular)
क्षीरे (dual nominative)
क्षीराणि (nominative plural)
क्षीरा1 (nominative plural)
क्षीर (singular vocative)
क्षीरे (dual vocative)
क्षीराणि (plural vocative)
क्षीरा1 (plural vocative)
क्षीरम् (accusative singular)
क्षीरे (accusative dual)
क्षीराणि (accusative plural)
क्षीरा1 (accusative plural)
क्षीरेण (instrumental singular)
क्षीराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
क्षीरैः (instrumental plural)
क्षीरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
क्षीराय (dative singular)
क्षीराभ्याम् (dative dual)
क्षीरेभ्यः (dative plural)
क्षीरात् (ablative singular)
क्षीराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
क्षीरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
क्षीरस्य (genitive singular)
क्षीरयोः (dual genitive)
क्षीराणाम् (genitive plural)
क्षीरे (locative singular)
क्षीरयोः (dual locative)
क्षीरेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Dameli: [script needed] (c̣hīr)

Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (c̣hir)

desc

Kalami: [script needed] (c̣hīr, “milk, udder”)

Kalasha: č̣hir

Khowar: ݯھیر (c̣hír)

Phalura: ڇھیر (c̣hīr)

Savi: [script needed] (c̣hir)

Shumashti: [script needed] (c̣hīr)

Torwali: ڇھی (c̣hī)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit: 𑀓𑀺𑀭𑀺 (kiri)

Dhivehi: ކިރު (kiru)

Sinhalese: කිරි (kiri)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀔𑀻𑀭 (khīra)

Marathi: खीर (khīr), शिरें (śirẽ, “caudle for puerperal women of coconut milk”)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: खीर (khīra)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀔𑀻𑀭 (khīra)

Assamese: খীৰ (khir)

Bengali: ক্ষীর (khir), খীর (khir)

Odia: ଖିରି (khiri), ଖିର (khira, “milk, juice from trees”), ଖିରା (khirā, “inspissated milk”)

Sylheti: ꠈꠤꠞ (kír)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਖੀਰ (khīr)

Lahnda: کھِیر (khīr)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: کِيرُ

Devanagari script: खीरु

Pali: khīra

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀔𑀻𑀭 (khīra)

Domaaki: [script needed] (c̣hīr)

Gujarati: ખીરું (khīrũ)

Hindustani:

Hindi: खीर (khīr)

Urdu: کھیر (khīr)

>? Romani: khil

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Waigali: [script needed] (c̣hīr, “sour milk”)

→ Telugu: క్షీరము (kṣīramu) (learned)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám
Sanskrit क्षीर (kṣīra)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám (“milk”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬛- (xšuuid-), Northern Kurdish şîr, Persian شیر (šir), Zazaki şıd, şıt. Originally thought to be from Proto-Indo-European *swēyd- (“milk”), but Lubotsky claims a borrowing from the BMAC substrate.

etymon

पावमानीर्यो अध्येत्यृषिभिः सम्भृतं रसम् ।
तस्मै सरस्वती दुहे क्षीरं सर्पिर्मधूदकम् ॥
pāvamānīryo adhyetyṛṣibhiḥ sambhṛtaṃ rasam.
tasmai sarasvatī duhe kṣīraṃ sarpirmadhūdakam.
Whoever reads the essence stored by saints, the Pavamani hymns,

Sarasvatī draws forth for him water and butter, milk and meath.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda


दुःस्वप्न

duḥsvápna (romanization)
दुःस्वप्नः (nominative singular)
दुःस्वप्नौ (dual nominative)
दुःस्वप्ना1 (dual nominative)
दुःस्वप्नाः (nominative plural)
दुःस्वप्नासः1 (nominative plural)
दुःस्वप्न (singular vocative)
दुःस्वप्नौ (dual vocative)
दुःस्वप्ना1 (dual vocative)
दुःस्वप्नाः (plural vocative)
दुःस्वप्नासः1 (plural vocative)
दुःस्वप्नम् (accusative singular)
दुःस्वप्नौ (accusative dual)
दुःस्वप्ना1 (accusative dual)
दुःस्वप्नान् (accusative plural)
दुःस्वप्नेन (instrumental singular)
दुःस्वप्नाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुःस्वप्नैः (instrumental plural)
दुःस्वप्नेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुःस्वप्नाय (dative singular)
दुःस्वप्नाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुःस्वप्नेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुःस्वप्नात् (ablative singular)
दुःस्वप्नाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुःस्वप्नेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुःस्वप्नस्य (genitive singular)
दुःस्वप्नयोः (dual genitive)
दुःस्वप्नानाम् (genitive plural)
दुःस्वप्ने (locative singular)
दुःस्वप्नयोः (dual locative)
दुःस्वप्नेषु (locative plural)

desc

→ Hindi: दुःस्वप्न (duḥsvapna) (learned)

→ Kannada: ದುಃಸ್ವಪ್ನ (duḥsvapna) (learned)

→ Marathi: दुःस्वप्न (duḥsvapna) (learned)

From दुस्- (dus-, “bad”) + स्वप्न (svápna, “dream”)


ភូមិ

វិវធ៌យន្តិយេទេវ
ភូមិទាសាំគ្ច*ធាម្ម៌ិកាះ
ស្វគ្គ៌េតេសវ្វ៌ទេវេន
បូជ្យន្តាន្និត្យសំបទះ ៕
* Read គ្ច as ឝ្ច

900-1100 AD; copied later, Arlo Griffiths, Kunthea Chhom, “A problematic inscription (K.1237)”, in Udaya: Journal of Khmer Studies, volume 14 (PDF), Yosothor, published 2019, halshs-02168837, page 10:

The pious ones who make the god's land and servants prosper, may they be honoured in heaven by all the gods and always be prosperous.

vivardhayanti ye deva
bhūmidāsāṃś ca dhārmmikāḥ
svargge te sarvvadevena
pūjyantān nityasaṃpadaḥ ॥


तुरग

/ˈt̪u.ɾɐ.ɡɐ/

Possibly a reborrowing from a Middle-Indo-Aryan form of त्वर् (for another reborrowing ultimately from this root, see तरु (sense 1)) + गम्, meaning "the swift-goer".


नभस्

nábhas (romanization)
नभः (nominative singular)
नभसी (dual nominative)
नभांसि (nominative plural)
नभः (singular vocative)
नभसी (dual vocative)
नभांसि (plural vocative)
नभः (accusative singular)
नभसी (accusative dual)
नभांसि (accusative plural)
नभसा (instrumental singular)
नभोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नभोभिः (instrumental plural)
नभसे (dative singular)
नभोभ्याम् (dative dual)
नभोभ्यः (dative plural)
नभसः (ablative singular)
नभोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नभोभ्यः (ablative plural)
नभसः (genitive singular)
नभसोः (dual genitive)
नभसाम् (genitive plural)
नभसि (locative singular)
नभसोः (dual locative)
नभःसु (locative plural)

Pali: nabha

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀳 (ṇaha)

→ Bengali: নভ (nobho)

→ Hindi: नभ (nabh)

→ Tamil: நபம் (napam)

/ˈn̪ɐ.bʱɐs̪/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *nebʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos
Proto-Indo-Iranian *nábʰas
Sanskrit नभस् (nabhas)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *nábʰas (“cloud, mist”), from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos. Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬠𐬀𐬵 (nabah), Ancient Greek νέφος (néphos), Latin nebula, Hittite 𒉈𒂊𒁉𒅖 (nēpis).

inh

तं शग्मासो अरुषासो अश्वा बृहस्पतिं सहवाहो वहन्ति।
सहश्चिद्यस्य नीलवत्सधस्थं नभो न रूपमरुषं वसानाः॥
taṃ śagmāso aruṣāso aśvā bṛhaspatiṃ sahavāho vahanti.
sahaścidyasya nīlavatsadhasthaṃ nabho na rūpamaruṣaṃ vasānāḥ.

Robed in red colour like the cloud, they carry the Lord of Might whose friendship gives a dwelling.

Him, this Bṛhaspati, his red-hued horses, drawing together, full of strength, bring hither.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

the sky or atmosphere (in dual: heaven and earth)


कृमि

kṛ́mi (romanization)
कृमिः (nominative singular)
कृमी (dual nominative)
कृमयः (nominative plural)
कृमे (singular vocative)
कृमी (dual vocative)
कृमयः (plural vocative)
कृमिम् (accusative singular)
कृमी (accusative dual)
कृमीन् (accusative plural)
कृमिणा (instrumental singular)
कृम्या1 (instrumental singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृमिभिः (instrumental plural)
कृमये (dative singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृमिभ्यः (dative plural)
कृमेः (ablative singular)
कृम्यः1 (ablative singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृमिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृमेः (genitive singular)
कृम्यः1 (genitive singular)
कृम्योः (dual genitive)
कृमीणाम् (genitive plural)
कृमौ (locative singular)
कृमा1 (locative singular)
कृम्योः (dual locative)
कृमिषु (locative plural)

Pali: kimi

desc

Punjabi: ਕਿਰਮ (kiram, “worm, slug, maggot”)

Odia: କୃମି (krumi)

Bengali: ক্রিমি (krimi)

Bengali: কির্মি (kirmi)

Sinhalese: කිමියා (kimiyā)

→ Malayalam: കൃമി (kr̥mi)

→ Tamil: கிருமி (kirumi)

→ Telugu: క్రిమి (krimi)

→ Indonesian: keremi

>? Romani: kirmo, kermo

PIE word
 *kʷŕ̥mis
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kŕ̥miṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷŕ̥mis (“worm”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *čьrvь (“worm”), Lithuanian kirmìs (“worm”), and Persian کرم (kerm, “worm”).

a worm, insect (VS., TS., AV., ŚBr., Mn. etc.)

कृमितन्तुजाल कृमितन्तुजाल#Sanskrit

"a spider" (» कृमितन्तुजाल (kṛ́mi-tantu-jāla))

उशीनर उशीनर#Sanskrit

भजमान भजमान#Sanskrit

name of a son (of उशीनर (uśīnara) Hariv. 1676 ff.; of भजमान (bhajamāna) Hariv. 2002)

name of an Asura (brother of Rāvaṇa) (L.)

नागराज नागराज#Sanskrit


कृमि

kṛ́mi (romanization)
कृमिः (nominative singular)
कृमी (dual nominative)
कृमयः (nominative plural)
कृमे (singular vocative)
कृमी (dual vocative)
कृमयः (plural vocative)
कृमिम् (accusative singular)
कृमी (accusative dual)
कृमीः (accusative plural)
कृम्या (instrumental singular)
कृमी1 (instrumental singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृमिभिः (instrumental plural)
कृमये (dative singular)
कृम्यै2 (dative singular)
कृमी1 (dative singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृमिभ्यः (dative plural)
कृमेः (ablative singular)
कृम्याः2 (ablative singular)
कृम्यै3 (ablative singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृमिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृमेः (genitive singular)
कृम्याः2 (genitive singular)
कृम्यै3 (genitive singular)
कृम्योः (dual genitive)
कृमीणाम् (genitive plural)
कृमौ (locative singular)
कृम्याम्2 (locative singular)
कृमा1 (locative singular)
कृम्योः (dual locative)
कृमिषु (locative plural)

उशीनर उशीनर#Sanskrit

name of the wife of उशीनर (uśīnara) and mother of Kṛmi (Hariv. 1675 and VP.; v.l. कृमी (kṛmī))


शृङ्ग

sa-noun

शृङ्ग • (śṛ́ṅga) stem, n

śṛ́ṅga (romanization)
शृङ्गम् (nominative singular)
शृङ्गे (dual nominative)
शृङ्गाणि (nominative plural)
शृङ्गा1 (nominative plural)
शृङ्ग (singular vocative)
शृङ्गे (dual vocative)
शृङ्गाणि (plural vocative)
शृङ्गा1 (plural vocative)
शृङ्गम् (accusative singular)
शृङ्गे (accusative dual)
शृङ्गाणि (accusative plural)
शृङ्गा1 (accusative plural)
शृङ्गेण (instrumental singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शृङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
शृङ्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शृङ्गाय (dative singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शृङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
शृङ्गात् (ablative singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शृङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शृङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
शृङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
शृङ्गाणाम् (genitive plural)
शृङ्गे (locative singular)
शृङ्गयोः (dual locative)
शृङ्गेषु (locative plural)

Pali: siṅga

Ashokan Prakrit:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: শিং (xiṅ)

Bengali: শিং (śiṅ), শিঙা (śiṅa)

Odia: ଶିଙ (śiṅa), ଶିଙ୍ଗ (śiṅga)

Sylheti: ꠢꠤꠋ (hiṅ)

desctree

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀕 (siṃga), 𑀲𑀁𑀕 (saṃga)
Bengali: সিংএ (śiṅe)
Old Marathi:
Devanagari script: सिंग (siṃga)
Modi script: 𑘭𑘱𑘽𑘐 (siṃga)
Marathi: शिंग (śiṅga)
Romani: śing, shing (Anglicized), šing (Pan-Vlax)
Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
Hindustani:
Hindi: सींग (sīṅg)
Urdu: سینگ (sīṅg)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: ਸਿੰਗ (siṅg), سنگ (siṅg)

→ Hindi: शृंग (śŕṅg) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಶೃಂಗ (śṛṅga)

→ Telugu: శృంగము (śr̥ṅgamu)

desc

→ Thai: ศฤงค์

→ Thai: ศฤงค์

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic сръна (srŭna, “roedeer”), Hittite [script needed] (surna, “horn”), Latin cornū, Old English horn (whence English horn).

cog

च॒त्वारि॒ शृङ्गा॒ त्रयो॑ अस्य॒ पादा॒ द्वे शी॒र्षे स॒प्त हस्ता॑सो अस्य ।
त्रिधा॑ ब॒द्धो वृ॑ष॒भो रो॑रवीति म॒हो दे॒वो मर्त्याँ॒ आ वि॑वेश ॥
catvā́ri śṛ́ṅgā tráyo asya pā́dā dvé śīrṣé saptá hástāso asya.

Four are his horns, three are the feet that bear him; his heads are two, his hands are seven in number.
Bound thrice, the Steer roars loudly: the mighty God hath entered in to mortals.

trídhā baddhó vṛṣabhó roravīti mahó devó mártyām̐ ā́ viveśa.

the top or summit of a mountain, a peak, crag

the summit of a building, pinnacle, turret

any peak or projection or lofty object, elevation, point, end, extremity

highest point, acme, height or perfection of anything


शृङ्ग

śṛṅga (romanization)
शृङ्गः (nominative singular)
शृङ्गौ (dual nominative)
शृङ्गा1 (dual nominative)
शृङ्गाः (nominative plural)
शृङ्गासः1 (nominative plural)
शृङ्ग (singular vocative)
शृङ्गौ (dual vocative)
शृङ्गा1 (dual vocative)
शृङ्गाः (plural vocative)
शृङ्गासः1 (plural vocative)
शृङ्गम् (accusative singular)
शृङ्गौ (accusative dual)
शृङ्गा1 (accusative dual)
शृङ्गान् (accusative plural)
शृङ्गेण (instrumental singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शृङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
शृङ्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शृङ्गाय (dative singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शृङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
शृङ्गात् (ablative singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शृङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शृङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
शृङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
शृङ्गाणाम् (genitive plural)
शृङ्गे (locative singular)
शृङ्गयोः (dual locative)
शृङ्गेषु (locative plural)

name of a मुनि (of whom, in some parts of India, on occasions of drought, earthen images are said to be made and worshipped for rain)


ពុទ្ធ

बुद्ध बुद्ध#Sanskrit


वाट

vāṭa (romanization)
वाटः (nominative singular)
वाटौ (dual nominative)
वाटाः (nominative plural)
वाट (singular vocative)
वाटौ (dual vocative)
वाटाः (plural vocative)
वाटम् (accusative singular)
वाटौ (accusative dual)
वाटान् (accusative plural)
वाटेन (instrumental singular)
वाटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाटैः (instrumental plural)
वाटाय (dative singular)
वाटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाटेभ्यः (dative plural)
वाटात् (ablative singular)
वाटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाटस्य (genitive singular)
वाटयोः (dual genitive)
वाटानाम् (genitive plural)
वाटे (locative singular)
वाटयोः (dual locative)
वाटेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of वाट

A Prakritism from Early Eastern Prakrit, from *वार्त्र (vārtra, “any fenced or enclosed structure”), vriddhi of वृत (vṛta, “enclosed”).

enclosure, (either) a fence, wall, (or) a piece of enclosed ground, garden, park, plantation


मधुलिह्

mádhu-lih (romanization)
मधुलिट् (nominative singular)
मधुलिहौ (dual nominative)
मधुलिहा1 (dual nominative)
मधुलिहः (nominative plural)
मधुलिट् (singular vocative)
मधुलिहौ (dual vocative)
मधुलिहा1 (dual vocative)
मधुलिहः (plural vocative)
मधुलिहम् (accusative singular)
मधुलिहौ (accusative dual)
मधुलिहा1 (accusative dual)
मधुलिहः (accusative plural)
मधुलिहा (instrumental singular)
मधुलिड्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मधुलिड्भिः (instrumental plural)
मधुलिहे (dative singular)
मधुलिड्भ्याम् (dative dual)
मधुलिड्भ्यः (dative plural)
मधुलिहः (ablative singular)
मधुलिड्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
मधुलिड्भ्यः (ablative plural)
मधुलिहः (genitive singular)
मधुलिहोः (dual genitive)
मधुलिहाम् (genitive plural)
मधुलिहि (locative singular)
मधुलिहोः (dual locative)
मधुलिट्सु (locative plural)

From मधु (madhu, “honey”) + लिह् (lih, “licking”). Compare Ancient Greek μέλισσα (mélissa), sometimes said to be from μέλι (méli, “honey”) + the root of λείχω (leíkhō, “lick”).

af

(at the end of a compound) one who has licked the honey of


भ्रमर

bhramara (romanization)
भ्रमरः (nominative singular)
भ्रमरौ (dual nominative)
भ्रमरा1 (dual nominative)
भ्रमराः (nominative plural)
भ्रमरासः1 (nominative plural)
भ्रमर (singular vocative)
भ्रमरौ (dual vocative)
भ्रमरा1 (dual vocative)
भ्रमराः (plural vocative)
भ्रमरासः1 (plural vocative)
भ्रमरम् (accusative singular)
भ्रमरौ (accusative dual)
भ्रमरा1 (accusative dual)
भ्रमरान् (accusative plural)
भ्रमरेण (instrumental singular)
भ्रमराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भ्रमरैः (instrumental plural)
भ्रमरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भ्रमराय (dative singular)
भ्रमराभ्याम् (dative dual)
भ्रमरेभ्यः (dative plural)
भ्रमरात् (ablative singular)
भ्रमराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भ्रमरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भ्रमरस्य (genitive singular)
भ्रमरयोः (dual genitive)
भ्रमराणाम् (genitive plural)
भ्रमरे (locative singular)
भ्रमरयोः (dual locative)
भ्रमरेषु (locative plural)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ބުމަރު (bumaru)

Sinhalese: බමරය (bamaraya)

desc

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀪𑀫𑀭 (bhamara), 𑀪𑀫𑀭𑀻 (bhamarī), 𑀪𑀫𑀮𑀻 (bhamalī), 𑀪𑀫𑀮𑀺𑀬𑀸 (bhamaliyā)

⇒ Old Marathi: 𑘥𑘪𑘨𑘰 (bhavarā), 𑘥𑘽𑘪𑘨𑘰 (bhaṃvarā)

Bengali: ভোমরা (bhōmra)

⇒ Kashmiri: بۆمبُر (bombur)

Marathi: भोवरा (bhovrā)

Pali: bhamara

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀪𑀫𑀭 (bhamara)

Gujarati: ભમર (bhamar), ભમરો (bhamro), ભમરી (bhamrī)

⇒ Gujarati: ભમરડો (bhamarḍo)

Hindi: भँवर (bhãvar), भौंर (bha͠ur)

⇒ Hindi: भँवरा (bhãvrā), भौंरा (bha͠urā)

Nepali : भ्रमर (bhramar)

⇒ Nepali: भँमरा (bhãmarā)

→ Bengali: ভ্রমর (bhromor)

→ Tamil: பிரமரம் (piramaram)

→ Telugu: భ్రమరము (bhramaramu)

/bʱɾɐ.mɐ.ɾɐ/

/ˈbʱɾɐ.mɐ.ɾɐ/

From the root भ्रम् (bhram, “to wander”) + -अर (-ara)

sa-root

a large black bee, a kind of bumblebee, any bee


सर्पिणी

sarpiṇī (romanization)
सर्पिणी (nominative singular)
सर्पिण्यौ (dual nominative)
सर्पिण्यः (nominative plural)
सर्पिणि (singular vocative)
सर्पिण्यौ (dual vocative)
सर्पिण्यः (plural vocative)
सर्पिणीम् (accusative singular)
सर्पिण्यौ (accusative dual)
सर्पिणीः (accusative plural)
सर्पिण्या (instrumental singular)
सर्पिणीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सर्पिणीभिः (instrumental plural)
सर्पिण्यै (dative singular)
सर्पिणीभ्याम् (dative dual)
सर्पिणीभ्यः (dative plural)
सर्पिण्याः (ablative singular)
सर्पिणीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सर्पिणीभ्यः (ablative plural)
सर्पिण्याः (genitive singular)
सर्पिण्योः (dual genitive)
सर्पिणीनाम् (genitive plural)
सर्पिण्याम् (locative singular)
सर्पिण्योः (dual locative)
सर्पिणीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of सर्पिणी

सर्पिणीभ्याम्

सर्पिणीभ्याम्

सर्पिणीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

सर्पिणीभ्याम्

सर्पिणीभ्याम्

सर्पिणीभ्याम्


मक्षिक

makṣika (romanization)
मक्षिकः (nominative singular)
मक्षिकौ (dual nominative)
मक्षिका1 (dual nominative)
मक्षिकाः (nominative plural)
मक्षिकासः1 (nominative plural)
मक्षिक (singular vocative)
मक्षिकौ (dual vocative)
मक्षिका1 (dual vocative)
मक्षिकाः (plural vocative)
मक्षिकासः1 (plural vocative)
मक्षिकम् (accusative singular)
मक्षिकौ (accusative dual)
मक्षिका1 (accusative dual)
मक्षिकान् (accusative plural)
मक्षिकेण (instrumental singular)
मक्षिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मक्षिकैः (instrumental plural)
मक्षिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मक्षिकाय (dative singular)
मक्षिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मक्षिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
मक्षिकात् (ablative singular)
मक्षिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मक्षिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मक्षिकस्य (genitive singular)
मक्षिकयोः (dual genitive)
मक्षिकाणाम् (genitive plural)
मक्षिके (locative singular)
मक्षिकयोः (dual locative)
मक्षिकेषु (locative plural)


मक्षिकामल

makṣikāmala (romanization)
मक्षिकामलम् (nominative singular)
मक्षिकामले (dual nominative)
मक्षिकामलानि (nominative plural)
मक्षिकामला1 (nominative plural)
मक्षिकामल (singular vocative)
मक्षिकामले (dual vocative)
मक्षिकामलानि (plural vocative)
मक्षिकामला1 (plural vocative)
मक्षिकामलम् (accusative singular)
मक्षिकामले (accusative dual)
मक्षिकामलानि (accusative plural)
मक्षिकामला1 (accusative plural)
मक्षिकामलेन (instrumental singular)
मक्षिकामलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मक्षिकामलैः (instrumental plural)
मक्षिकामलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मक्षिकामलाय (dative singular)
मक्षिकामलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मक्षिकामलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मक्षिकामलात् (ablative singular)
मक्षिकामलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मक्षिकामलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मक्षिकामलस्य (genitive singular)
मक्षिकामलयोः (dual genitive)
मक्षिकामलानाम् (genitive plural)
मक्षिकामले (locative singular)
मक्षिकामलयोः (dual locative)
मक्षिकामलेषु (locative plural)


पयस्

páyas (romanization)
पयः (nominative singular)
पयसी (dual nominative)
पयांसि (nominative plural)
पयः (singular vocative)
पयसी (dual vocative)
पयांसि (plural vocative)
पयः (accusative singular)
पयसी (accusative dual)
पयांसि (accusative plural)
पयसा (instrumental singular)
पयोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पयोभिः (instrumental plural)
पयसे (dative singular)
पयोभ्याम् (dative dual)
पयोभ्यः (dative plural)
पयसः (ablative singular)
पयोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पयोभ्यः (ablative plural)
पयसः (genitive singular)
पयसोः (dual genitive)
पयसाम् (genitive plural)
पयसि (locative singular)
पयसोः (dual locative)
पयःसु (locative plural)

Pali: paya

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀬 (paya)

Sinhalese: පය (paya), පා (pā)

→ Kannada: ಪಯಸ್ಸು (payassu) (learned)

→ Malayalam: പയസ്സ് (payassŭ) (learned)

→ Telugu: పయస్సు (payassu) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *páyHas (“milk”), from Proto-Indo-European *péyh₂-os ~ *péyh₂-esos (“fat, milk”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (paiiah), 𐬞𐬀𐬉𐬨𐬀𐬥 (paēman), Latvian piens, Lithuanian píenas, English fat. The Sanskrit root is पी (pī, “to swell”).

sa-root

दुहामश्विभ्यां पयो अघ्न्येयं सा वर्धतां महते सौभगाय ॥
duhāmaśvibhyāṃ payo aghnyeyaṃ sā vardhatāṃ mahate saubhagāya.

"...May this cow yield her milk for both the Aśvins, and may she prosper to our high advantage."

semen, (metaphorically) vital spirit, power, strength


वर्षा

varṣā́ (romanization)
वर्षा (nominative singular)
वर्षे (dual nominative)
वर्षाः (nominative plural)
वर्षे (singular vocative)
वर्षे (dual vocative)
वर्षाः (plural vocative)
वर्षाम् (accusative singular)
वर्षे (accusative dual)
वर्षाः (accusative plural)
वर्षया (instrumental singular)
वर्षा1 (instrumental singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्षाभिः (instrumental plural)
वर्षायै (dative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्षाभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्षायाः (ablative singular)
वर्षायै2 (ablative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्षाभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्षायाः (genitive singular)
वर्षायै2 (genitive singular)
वर्षयोः (dual genitive)
वर्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
वर्षायाम् (locative singular)
वर्षयोः (dual locative)
वर्षासु (locative plural)

Assamese: বাৰিষা (barixa)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (varisā)

Sinhalese: වැස්ස (wæssa)

→ Bengali: বর্ষা (borśa)

→ Hindi: वर्षा (varṣā) (learned)

→ Hindustani: barkhā

Hindi: बर्खा

Urdu: برکها

→ Marathi: वर्षा (varṣā)

→ Nepali: वर्षा (varṣā)

→ Northern Kurdish: variş (“rain”)

→ Punjabi: ਵਰਖਾ (varkhā, “rain”)

→ Telugu: వర్షము (varṣamu)

desc

→ Thai: พรรษา (pan-sǎa, “rainy season, year”)

From वर्ष (varṣá, “rain”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wers- (“to rain”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἕρση (hérsē, “dew”), Old Irish frass (“rain-shower”).

der

c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā)

(in the plural) the rains, rainy season, monsoon (lasting two months according to the Hindu division of the year into six seasons)

बरसात

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (vāsāratti)


वृष्टि

sa-noun

वृष्टि • (vṛṣṭí or vṛ́ṣṭi) stem, f

vṛṣṭí (romanization)
vṛ́ṣṭi (romanization)
वृष्टिः (nominative singular)
वृष्टी (dual nominative)
वृष्टयः (nominative plural)
वृष्टे (singular vocative)
वृष्टी (dual vocative)
वृष्टयः (plural vocative)
वृष्टिम् (accusative singular)
वृष्टी (accusative dual)
वृष्टीः (accusative plural)
वृष्ट्या (instrumental singular)
वृष्टी1 (instrumental singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृष्टिभिः (instrumental plural)
वृष्टये (dative singular)
वृष्ट्यै2 (dative singular)
वृष्टी1 (dative singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृष्टिभ्यः (dative plural)
वृष्टेः (ablative singular)
वृष्ट्याः2 (ablative singular)
वृष्ट्यै3 (ablative singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृष्टिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृष्टेः (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्याः2 (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्यै3 (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्योः (dual genitive)
वृष्टीनाम् (genitive plural)
वृष्टौ (locative singular)
वृष्ट्याम्2 (locative singular)
वृष्टा1 (locative singular)
वृष्ट्योः (dual locative)
वृष्टिषु (locative plural)
वृष्टिः (nominative singular)
वृष्टी (dual nominative)
वृष्टयः (nominative plural)
वृष्टे (singular vocative)
वृष्टी (dual vocative)
वृष्टयः (plural vocative)
वृष्टिम् (accusative singular)
वृष्टी (accusative dual)
वृष्टीः (accusative plural)
वृष्ट्या (instrumental singular)
वृष्टी1 (instrumental singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृष्टिभिः (instrumental plural)
वृष्टये (dative singular)
वृष्ट्यै2 (dative singular)
वृष्टी1 (dative singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृष्टिभ्यः (dative plural)
वृष्टेः (ablative singular)
वृष्ट्याः2 (ablative singular)
वृष्ट्यै3 (ablative singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृष्टिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृष्टेः (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्याः2 (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्यै3 (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्योः (dual genitive)
वृष्टीनाम् (genitive plural)
वृष्टौ (locative singular)
वृष्ट्याम्2 (locative singular)
वृष्टा1 (locative singular)
वृष्ट्योः (dual locative)
वृष्टिषु (locative plural)

Pali: vuṭṭhi

→ Bengali: বৃষ্টি (briśṭi)

→ Gujarati: વૃષ્ટિ (vŕṣṭi)

desc

→ Tamil: விருட்டி (viruṭṭi), விருஷ்டி (viruṣṭi)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁wérs-ti-s ~ *h₁wr̥s-téy-s, from the root *h₁wers- (“to rain”); related to वर्ष (varṣa).

inh

मात्र॑ पूषन्नाघृण इरस्यो॒ वरू॑त्री॒ यद्रा॑ति॒षाच॑श्च॒ रास॑न्।
म॒यो॒भुवो॑ नो॒ अर्व॑न्तो॒ नि पा॑न्तु वृ॒ष्टिं परि॑ज्मा॒ वातो॑ ददातु॥
mā́tra pūṣannāghṛṇa irasyo várūtrī yádrātiṣā́caśca rā́san.
mayobhúvo no árvanto ní pāntu vṛṣṭíṃ párijmā vā́to dadātu.
Be not thou angry here, O glowing Puṣan, for what Varūtrī and the Bounteous gave us.

May the swift-moving Gods protect and bless us, and Vāta send us rain, who wanders round us.


अन्तरात्मन्

the internal feelings, the heart or mind


चेतस्

cétas (romanization)
चेतः (nominative singular)
चेतसी (dual nominative)
चेतांसि (nominative plural)
चेतः (singular vocative)
चेतसी (dual vocative)
चेतांसि (plural vocative)
चेतः (accusative singular)
चेतसी (accusative dual)
चेतांसि (accusative plural)
चेतसा (instrumental singular)
चेतोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चेतोभिः (instrumental plural)
चेतसे (dative singular)
चेतोभ्याम् (dative dual)
चेतोभ्यः (dative plural)
चेतसः (ablative singular)
चेतोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चेतोभ्यः (ablative plural)
चेतसः (genitive singular)
चेतसोः (dual genitive)
चेतसाम् (genitive plural)
चेतसि (locative singular)
चेतसोः (dual locative)
चेतःसु (locative plural)

Pali: cetas

Prakrit: 𑀘𑁂𑀅𑀲𑁆 (ceas)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Old Bengali: চী (cī)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ހެއި (hei), ހޭ (hē)

Sinhalese: සෙය් (sey)

/ˈt͡ɕeː.t̪ɐs̪/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćáytas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čáytas, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷéyt-os ~ kʷéyt-es-, from *kʷeyt- (“to notice”).

RV 5.73.6b
युवोर अत्रिश चिकेतति नरा सुम्नेन चेतसा |
घर्मं यद वाम अरेपसं नासत्यास्ना भुरण्यति ||
yuvor atriś ciketati narā sumnena cetasā |
gharmaṃ yad vām arepasaṃ nāsatyāsnā bhuraṇyati ||
Atri bethinks himself of you, O Heroes, with a friendly mind,
What time, Nāsatyas, with his mouth he stirs the spotless flame for you.

RV 9.83.2d
तपोष पवित्रं विततं दिवस पदे शोचन्तो अस्य तन्तवो वयस्थिरन |
अवन्त्यस्य पवीतारमाशवो दिवस पर्ष्ठमधितिष्ठन्ति चेतसा ||
tapoṣ pavitraṃ vitataṃ divas pade śocanto asya tantavo vyasthiran |
avantyasya pavītāramāśavo divas pṛṣṭhamadhitiṣṭhanti cetasā ||
High in the seat of heaven is spread the Scorcher's sieve: its threads are standing separate, glittering with light.
The Swift Ones favour him who purifieth this: with consciousness they stand upon the height of heaven.

consciousness, intelligence, thinking soul, heart, mind


भुज

bhúja (romanization)
भुजः (nominative singular)
भुजौ (dual nominative)
भुजा1 (dual nominative)
भुजाः (nominative plural)
भुजासः1 (nominative plural)
भुज (singular vocative)
भुजौ (dual vocative)
भुजा1 (dual vocative)
भुजाः (plural vocative)
भुजासः1 (plural vocative)
भुजम् (accusative singular)
भुजौ (accusative dual)
भुजा1 (accusative dual)
भुजान् (accusative plural)
भुजेन (instrumental singular)
भुजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भुजैः (instrumental plural)
भुजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भुजाय (dative singular)
भुजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भुजेभ्यः (dative plural)
भुजात् (ablative singular)
भुजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भुजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भुजस्य (genitive singular)
भुजयोः (dual genitive)
भुजानाम् (genitive plural)
भुजे (locative singular)
भुजयोः (dual locative)
भुजेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: ভুজ (bhuz)

Bengali: ভুজ (bhuj)

Hindi: भुजा (bhujā)

Kannada: ಭುಜ (bhuja)

Khowar: بازو

Marathi: भुज (bhuj)

Odia: ଭୁଜ (bhuja)

Pali: bhuja

Punjabi: ਭੁਜਾ (bhujā)

desc

Tamil: புஜம் (pujam), புசம் (pucam), புயம் (puyam)

Telugu: భుజము (bhujamu)

Urdu: بازو (bāzo)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰúȷ́as, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰúǰas, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (“to bend”). Cognate with Old English būgan (whence English bow). The Sanskrit root is भुज् (bhuj).


वादक

vādaka (romanization)
वादकः (nominative singular)
वादकौ (dual nominative)
वादकाः (nominative plural)
वादक (singular vocative)
वादकौ (dual vocative)
वादकाः (plural vocative)
वादकम् (accusative singular)
वादकौ (accusative dual)
वादकान् (accusative plural)
वादकेन (instrumental singular)
वादकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वादकैः (instrumental plural)
वादकाय (dative singular)
वादकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वादकेभ्यः (dative plural)
वादकात् (ablative singular)
वादकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वादकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वादकस्य (genitive singular)
वादकयोः (dual genitive)
वादकानाम् (genitive plural)
वादके (locative singular)
वादकयोः (dual locative)
वादकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of वादक


भा

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰáH, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂.

light or a beam of light; lustre, splendour


शोभा

śobhā́ (romanization)
शोभा (nominative singular)
शोभे (dual nominative)
शोभाः (nominative plural)
शोभे (singular vocative)
शोभे (dual vocative)
शोभाः (plural vocative)
शोभाम् (accusative singular)
शोभे (accusative dual)
शोभाः (accusative plural)
शोभया (instrumental singular)
शोभाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शोभाभिः (instrumental plural)
शोभायै (dative singular)
शोभाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शोभाभ्यः (dative plural)
शोभायाः (ablative singular)
शोभाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शोभाभ्यः (ablative plural)
शोभायाः (genitive singular)
शोभयोः (dual genitive)
शोभानाम् (genitive plural)
शोभायाम् (locative singular)
शोभयोः (dual locative)
शोभासु (locative plural)

Feminine ā-stem declension of शोभा

Pali: sobha

Telugu: శోభ (śōbha)

Thai: โศภา (sǒo-paa)

splendour, brilliance, lustre, beauty, grace, loveliness


शिर

śira (romanization)
शिरः (nominative singular)
शिरौ (dual nominative)
शिरा1 (dual nominative)
शिराः (nominative plural)
शिरासः1 (nominative plural)
शिर (singular vocative)
शिरौ (dual vocative)
शिरा1 (dual vocative)
शिराः (plural vocative)
शिरासः1 (plural vocative)
शिरम् (accusative singular)
शिरौ (accusative dual)
शिरा1 (accusative dual)
शिरान् (accusative plural)
शिरेण (instrumental singular)
शिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिरैः (instrumental plural)
शिरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शिराय (dative singular)
शिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिरेभ्यः (dative plural)
शिरात् (ablative singular)
शिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिरस्य (genitive singular)
शिरयोः (dual genitive)
शिराणाम् (genitive plural)
शिरे (locative singular)
शिरयोः (dual locative)
शिरेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Pashayi: šero

desc

Kashmiri: ह्यरि॒ (hyari॒), हीरू॒ (hīrū॒)

desctree

Old Javanese: śirah
Javanese: ꦱꦶꦫꦃ (sirah)
→ Sundanese: ᮞᮤᮛᮂ (sirah)
→ Balinese: ᬰᬶᬭᬄ → ᬲᬶᬭᬄ (sirah)

Pali: sira

→ Sinhalese: සිර (sira)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)

Punjabi: ਸਿਰ (sir), ਸਿਰੀ (sirī)

Sindhi: 𑋝𑋡𑋙𑋣 (siru), 𑋝𑋡𑋙𑋢 (sirī)

West Pahāṛī: śir,śirī

Churahi: 𑚧𑚮𑚤

Kumaoni: सिर

Nepali: सिर (sira)

Assamese: শিৰ (xir)

Bengali: শির (śir)

Odia: ଶିର (śira)

Maithili: 𑒮𑒱𑒩 (sira)

Awadhi: 𑂮𑂱𑂩

desc

Hindi: सिर (sir), सिरा (sirā), सिरी (sirī)

Gujarati: સિર (sir)

Marathi: 𑘫𑘲𑘨 (śīr), शीर (śīr)

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head”); see there for more. Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬀 (sara).


चुम्ब

cumba (romanization)
चुम्बः (nominative singular)
चुम्बौ (dual nominative)
चुम्बा1 (dual nominative)
चुम्बाः (nominative plural)
चुम्बासः1 (nominative plural)
चुम्ब (singular vocative)
चुम्बौ (dual vocative)
चुम्बा1 (dual vocative)
चुम्बाः (plural vocative)
चुम्बासः1 (plural vocative)
चुम्बम् (accusative singular)
चुम्बौ (accusative dual)
चुम्बा1 (accusative dual)
चुम्बान् (accusative plural)
चुम्बेन (instrumental singular)
चुम्बाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चुम्बैः (instrumental plural)
चुम्बेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चुम्बाय (dative singular)
चुम्बाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चुम्बेभ्यः (dative plural)
चुम्बात् (ablative singular)
चुम्बाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चुम्बेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चुम्बस्य (genitive singular)
चुम्बयोः (dual genitive)
चुम्बानाम् (genitive plural)
चुम्बे (locative singular)
चुम्बयोः (dual locative)
चुम्बेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: চুমা (suma)

Bengali: চুম্বা (cumba), চুমা (cuma)

Hindi: चुम्मा (cummā)

Punjabi: ਚੁੱਮਾ (cummā)

Odia: ଚୁମ୍ବା (cumbā), ଚୁମା (cumā)

Romani: ćumi

From चुम्ब् (cumb, “to kiss”, root) + -अ (-a).


अनिल

ánila (romanization)
अनिलः (nominative singular)
अनिलौ (dual nominative)
अनिला1 (dual nominative)
अनिलाः (nominative plural)
अनिलासः1 (nominative plural)
अनिल (singular vocative)
अनिलौ (dual vocative)
अनिला1 (dual vocative)
अनिलाः (plural vocative)
अनिलासः1 (plural vocative)
अनिलम् (accusative singular)
अनिलौ (accusative dual)
अनिला1 (accusative dual)
अनिलान् (accusative plural)
अनिलेन (instrumental singular)
अनिलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अनिलैः (instrumental plural)
अनिलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अनिलाय (dative singular)
अनिलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अनिलेभ्यः (dative plural)
अनिलात् (ablative singular)
अनिलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अनिलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अनिलस्य (genitive singular)
अनिलयोः (dual genitive)
अनिलानाम् (genitive plural)
अनिले (locative singular)
अनिलयोः (dual locative)
अनिलेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: অনিল (onil)

→ Bengali: অনিল (onil)

→ Hindi: अनिल (anil)

→ Kannada: ಅನಿಲ (anila)

→ Marathi: अनिल (anil)

→ Odia: ଅନିଳ (aniḷa)

→ Pali: anila

→ Tamil: அனிலம் (aṉilam)

→ Telugu: అనిలము (anilamu)

From a derivative of *h₂enh₁- (“breathe”) (see अन् (an, “to breathe”)). Compare Ancient Greek ἄνεμος (ánemos, “wind, breeze”), Old Armenian անձն (anjn, “person”) and հողմ (hołm, “wind”), Old Frisian omma (“breath”), Latin animus, anima.


पवन

pávana (romanization)
पवनः (nominative singular)
पवनौ (dual nominative)
पवना1 (dual nominative)
पवनाः (nominative plural)
पवनासः1 (nominative plural)
पवन (singular vocative)
पवनौ (dual vocative)
पवना1 (dual vocative)
पवनाः (plural vocative)
पवनासः1 (plural vocative)
पवनम् (accusative singular)
पवनौ (accusative dual)
पवना1 (accusative dual)
पवनान् (accusative plural)
पवनेन (instrumental singular)
पवनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पवनैः (instrumental plural)
पवनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पवनाय (dative singular)
पवनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पवनेभ्यः (dative plural)
पवनात् (ablative singular)
पवनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पवनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पवनस्य (genitive singular)
पवनयोः (dual genitive)
पवनानाम् (genitive plural)
पवने (locative singular)
पवनयोः (dual locative)
पवनेषु (locative plural)

→ Gujarati: પવન (pavan)

→ Hindi: पवन (pavan)

→ Malay: pawana

desc

→ Tamil: பவனம் (pavaṉam), பவனன் (pavaṉaṉ)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pawHanas, from Proto-Indo-European *pewH-e-nos, from *pewH- (“to be pure, clean”).

"purifier", wind or the god of wind, breeze, air


मरुत्

marút (romanization)
मरुत् (nominative singular)
मरुतौ (dual nominative)
मरुता1 (dual nominative)
मरुतः (nominative plural)
मरुत् (singular vocative)
मरुतौ (dual vocative)
मरुता1 (dual vocative)
मरुतः (plural vocative)
मरुतम् (accusative singular)
मरुतौ (accusative dual)
मरुता1 (accusative dual)
मरुतः (accusative plural)
मरुता (instrumental singular)
मरुद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मरुद्भिः (instrumental plural)
मरुते (dative singular)
मरुद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
मरुद्भ्यः (dative plural)
मरुतः (ablative singular)
मरुद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
मरुद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
मरुतः (genitive singular)
मरुतोः (dual genitive)
मरुताम् (genitive plural)
मरुति (locative singular)
मरुतोः (dual locative)
मरुत्सु (locative plural)

Pali: marū

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀭𑀼 (maru), 𑀫𑀭𑀼𑀅 (marua)

Uncertain. Mayrhofer draws a connection to Latin Mārs (originally Māvors, from either Proto-Italic *Māwortis or *Māmart-) and Oscan 𐌌𐌀𐌌𐌄𐌓𐌕- (mamert-).
Mayrhofer also notes that more authors assume a suffixal -उत् (-ut, “breathing”), from the root वा (vā, “to breathe”); compare वात (vāta, “wind”), which in the plural can also refer to the Maruts. For मर्- (mar-), he considers several origin possibilities:
* Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“sea”), whence Latin mare
* *mer- (“young man”), whence मर्य (marya, “man”)
* *mer- (“to flicker, twinkle”), whence Ancient Greek μαρμαίρω (marmaírō, “to flash”) and Sanskrit मरीचि (marīci, “ray of light”), a connection to which is also supported by Monier-Williams.

cog

Maruts, storm-god, patron deity of the winds


मारुत

Sundanese: ᮙᮛᮥᮒ (maruta)

Tamil: மாருதம் (mārutam)

Malayalam: മാരുതം (mārutaṁ)

vital air, one of the 3 humours of the body


वात

vā́ta (romanization)
वातः (nominative singular)
वातौ (dual nominative)
वाता1 (dual nominative)
वाताः (nominative plural)
वातासः1 (nominative plural)
वात (singular vocative)
वातौ (dual vocative)
वाता1 (dual vocative)
वाताः (plural vocative)
वातासः1 (plural vocative)
वातम् (accusative singular)
वातौ (accusative dual)
वाता1 (accusative dual)
वातान् (accusative plural)
वातेन (instrumental singular)
वाताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वातैः (instrumental plural)
वातेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वाताय (dative singular)
वाताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वातेभ्यः (dative plural)
वातात् (ablative singular)
वाताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वातेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वातस्य (genitive singular)
वातयोः (dual genitive)
वातानाम् (genitive plural)
वाते (locative singular)
वातयोः (dual locative)
वातेषु (locative plural)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ވައި (vai)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: বা (ba)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀬 (vāya)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Sindhi: واءُ (vaha)

Pali: vāta

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwáHatas (“wind”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁-n̥t-os (“wind”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬙𐬀 (vāta), Persian باد (bâd), Ancient Greek ἀείς (aeís), Latin ventus, English wind.

यथा वातः पुष्करिणीं समिङ्गयति सर्वतः।
एवा ते गर्भ एजतु निरैतु दशमास्यः ॥
yathā vātaḥ puṣkariṇīṃ samiṅgayati sarvataḥ.

Move the unborn baby inside you just like the wind on every side ruffles a pool of lotuses,
So that the ten-month baby may be born.

wind or air as one of the humours of the body

morbid affection of the windy humour, flatulence, gout, rheumatism


द्यु

dyú (romanization)
द्यौः (nominative singular)
द्यावा (dual nominative)
द्यावौ (dual nominative)
दिवौ (dual nominative)
दिवः (nominative plural)
द्यावः (nominative plural)
द्यौः (singular vocative)
द्यावा (dual vocative)
द्यावौ (dual vocative)
दिवौ (dual vocative)
दिवः (plural vocative)
द्यावः (plural vocative)
दिवम् (accusative singular)
द्याम् (accusative singular)
द्यावा (accusative dual)
द्यावौ (accusative dual)
दिवौ (accusative dual)
दिवः (accusative plural)
द्यून् (accusative plural)
दिवा (instrumental singular)
द्यवा (instrumental singular)
द्युभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्युभिः (instrumental plural)
दिवे (dative singular)
द्यवे (dative singular)
द्युभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्युभ्यः (dative plural)
दिवः (ablative singular)
द्योः (ablative singular)
द्युभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्युभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिवः (genitive singular)
द्योः (genitive singular)
द्यवोः (dual genitive)
दिवोः (dual genitive)
दिवाम् (genitive plural)
द्यवाम् (genitive plural)
दिवि (locative singular)
द्यवि (locative singular)
द्यवोः (dual locative)
दिवोः (dual locative)
द्युषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun-m

द्यावा, द्यावौ, दिवौ

द्यावा, द्यावौ, दिवौ

द्यावा, द्यावौ, दिवौ

द्यवोः, दिवोः

द्यवोः, दिवोः

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dyā́wṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dyā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (“sky, heaven”). Cognate with Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús), Latin diēs, Hittite 𒅆𒍑 (sius).

inh

इ॒मा गावः॑ सरमे॒ या ऐच्छः॒ परि॑ दि॒वो अन्ता॑न्त्सुभगे॒ पत॑न्ती ।
कस्त॑ एना॒ अव॑ सृजा॒दयु॑ध्व्यु॒तास्माक॒मायु॑धा सन्ति ति॒ग्मा ॥
imā́ gā́vaḥ sarame yā́ áichaḥ pári divó ántān subhage pátantī
kás ta enā áva sṛjād áyudhvy utā́smā́kam ā́yudhā santi tigmā́

Who will loose these for thee without a battle? Yea, and sharp-pointed are our warlike weapons.

These are the kine which, Saramā, thou seekest, flying, O Blest One, to the ends of heaven.


अण्ड

अ॒ण्ड (canonical)
aṇḍá (romanization)
अण्डः (nominative singular)
अण्डौ (dual nominative)
अण्डा1 (dual nominative)
अण्डाः (nominative plural)
अण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
अण्ड (singular vocative)
अण्डौ (dual vocative)
अण्डा1 (dual vocative)
अण्डाः (plural vocative)
अण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
अण्डम् (accusative singular)
अण्डौ (accusative dual)
अण्डा1 (accusative dual)
अण्डान् (accusative plural)
अण्डेन (instrumental singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अण्डैः (instrumental plural)
अण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अण्डाय (dative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
अण्डात् (ablative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अण्डस्य (genitive singular)
अण्डयोः (dual genitive)
अण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
अण्डे (locative singular)
अण्डयोः (dual locative)
अण्डेषु (locative plural)
अण्डम् (nominative singular)
अण्डे (dual nominative)
अण्डानि (nominative plural)
अण्डा1 (nominative plural)
अण्ड (singular vocative)
अण्डे (dual vocative)
अण्डानि (plural vocative)
अण्डा1 (plural vocative)
अण्डम् (accusative singular)
अण्डे (accusative dual)
अण्डानि (accusative plural)
अण्डा1 (accusative plural)
अण्डेन (instrumental singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अण्डैः (instrumental plural)
अण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अण्डाय (dative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
अण्डात् (ablative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अण्डस्य (genitive singular)
अण्डयोः (dual genitive)
अण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
अण्डे (locative singular)
अण्डयोः (dual locative)
अण्डेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: ónḍrak (“egg”), ond'rak

Kunar:

Gawar-Bati: aṇḍa

Shumashti: aṛa

Pashayi:

Northeast Pashayi: āndō (Kurangali)

Northwest Pashayi: āṇḍā (Laurowani)

Southeast Pashayi: ãṛa (Wegali)

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀟 (aṃḍa) (see there for further descendants)

Pali: aṇḍa

Borrowed terms

→ Bengali: অণ্ড (onḍo)

→ Kannada: ಅಂಡ (aṇḍa)

→ Malayalam: അണ്ഡം (aṇḍaṁ)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: aṇḍa (“egg; world egg”)
→ Balinese: ᬅᬡ᭄ᬥ (anda, “egg”)

→ Tamil: அண்டம் (aṇṭam)

→ Telugu: అండము (aṇḍamu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Aryan *āndrám
Sanskrit आ॒ण्ड (āṇḍá)
Sanskrit अण्ड (aṇḍa)
From an earlier Vedic Sanskrit आ॒ण्ड (āṇḍá).

etymon

musk bag, musk pod (caudal gland of the musk deer)


लाला

/ˈl̪ɑː.l̪ɑː/

Borrowed from South Dravidian, compare Kannada ಲಾಳ (lāḷa).


मह

mahá (romanization)
महः (nominative singular)
महौ (dual nominative)
महा1 (dual nominative)
महाः (nominative plural)
महासः1 (nominative plural)
मह (singular vocative)
महौ (dual vocative)
महा1 (dual vocative)
महाः (plural vocative)
महासः1 (plural vocative)
महम् (accusative singular)
महौ (accusative dual)
महा1 (accusative dual)
महान् (accusative plural)
महेन (instrumental singular)
महाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
महैः (instrumental plural)
महेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
महाय (dative singular)
महाभ्याम् (dative dual)
महेभ्यः (dative plural)
महात् (ablative singular)
महाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
महेभ्यः (ablative plural)
महस्य (genitive singular)
महयोः (dual genitive)
महानाम् (genitive plural)
महे (locative singular)
महयोः (dual locative)
महेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *maźʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *maȷ́ʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s. Compare Latin magnus, Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas), Albanian madh (“large”), Tocharian B māka, Persian مه.


बृहत्

bṛhát (romanization)
बृहत् (nominative singular)
बृहन्ती (dual nominative)
बृहन्ति (nominative plural)
बृहत् (singular vocative)
बृहन्ती (dual vocative)
बृहन्ति (plural vocative)
बृहत् (accusative singular)
बृहन्ती (accusative dual)
बृहन्ति (accusative plural)
बृहता (instrumental singular)
बृहद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बृहद्भिः (instrumental plural)
बृहते (dative singular)
बृहद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
बृहद्भ्यः (dative plural)
बृहतः (ablative singular)
बृहद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
बृहद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
बृहतः (genitive singular)
बृहतोः (dual genitive)
बृहताम् (genitive plural)
बृहति (locative singular)
बृहतोः (dual locative)
बृहत्सु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰr̥ȷ́ʰáns, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰonts (“high, lofty”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬧𐬙 (bər^əzaṇt), Persian بلند (boland). The Sanskrit root is बृह् (bṛh, “to be thick, grow great or strong, increase, expand”).


कुमार

kumārá (romanization)
कुमारः (nominative singular)
कुमारौ (dual nominative)
कुमारा1 (dual nominative)
कुमाराः (nominative plural)
कुमारासः1 (nominative plural)
कुमार (singular vocative)
कुमारौ (dual vocative)
कुमारा1 (dual vocative)
कुमाराः (plural vocative)
कुमारासः1 (plural vocative)
कुमारम् (accusative singular)
कुमारौ (accusative dual)
कुमारा1 (accusative dual)
कुमारान् (accusative plural)
कुमारेण (instrumental singular)
कुमाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुमारैः (instrumental plural)
कुमारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुमाराय (dative singular)
कुमाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुमारेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुमारात् (ablative singular)
कुमाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुमारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुमारस्य (genitive singular)
कुमारयोः (dual genitive)
कुमाराणाम् (genitive plural)
कुमारे (locative singular)
कुमारयोः (dual locative)
कुमारेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: কোঁৱৰ (kü̃or)

→ Khmer: កុមារ (ko’maa)

→ Malayalam: കുമാരൻ (kumāraṉ)

→ Punjabi: ਕੁਮਾਰ (kumār) (learned)

→ Tamil: குமாரன் (kumāraṉ)

→ Telugu: కుమారుడు (kumāruḍu)

→ Thai: กุมาร (gù-maan)

Of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ku-ma- (“tender, young”) (with *ku denoting "small and weak") and cognate with Persian کودک (kudak, “child”), deriving further from a hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *ku-mo- (“small, weak”) and possibly connected to Ancient Greek σκύμνος (skúmnos, “cub, whelp”), Lithuanian kumẽlė (“mare”), and Latvian kumeļš (“foal”). Another theory takes the word as a compound of कु- (ku-, “intensifying prefix”) + a form of म्लै (mlai, “to fade, wither, decay, be languid or exhausted”). Finally, Kuiper considers the word to be borrowed from Dravidian.

cog

prince, heir apparent associated in the kingdom with the reigning monarch


शिशु

śíśu (romanization)
शू (root)
शिशुः (nominative singular)
शिशू (dual nominative)
शिशवः (nominative plural)
शिशो (singular vocative)
शिशू (dual vocative)
शिशवः (plural vocative)
शिशुम् (accusative singular)
शिशू (accusative dual)
शिशून् (accusative plural)
शिशुना (instrumental singular)
शिश्वा1 (instrumental singular)
शिशुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिशुभिः (instrumental plural)
शिशवे (dative singular)
शिश्वे1 (dative singular)
शिशुभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिशुभ्यः (dative plural)
शिशोः (ablative singular)
शिश्वः1 (ablative singular)
शिशुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिशुभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिशोः (genitive singular)
शिश्वः1 (genitive singular)
शिश्वोः (dual genitive)
शिशूनाम् (genitive plural)
शिशौ (locative singular)
शिश्वोः (dual locative)
शिशुषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: शिशु (śiśu)

→ Bengali: শিশু (śiśu)

→ Kannada: ಶಿಶು (śiśu)

→ Telugu: శిశువు (śiśuvu)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śíśHuṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćíćHuš, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱiḱh₁-ú-s, a derivative of *ḱewh₁- (“to swell, to be strong”). Compare also शाव (śāva), with the same meaning and origin; perhaps the sense of "strength" later changed to mean "growth", and even later to mean the "young" (since they continue to grow to maturity).

a child, infant, the young of any animal (as a calf, puppy, etc.); also applied to young plants, and to the recently risen sun


श्वन्

śván (romanization)
शुनी (feminine)
श्वा (nominative singular)
श्वानौ (dual nominative)
श्वाना1 (dual nominative)
श्वानः (nominative plural)
श्वन् (singular vocative)
श्वानौ (dual vocative)
श्वाना1 (dual vocative)
श्वानः (plural vocative)
श्वानम् (accusative singular)
श्वानौ (accusative dual)
श्वाना1 (accusative dual)
शुनः (accusative plural)
शुना (instrumental singular)
श्वभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वभिः (instrumental plural)
शुने (dative singular)
श्वभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वभ्यः (dative plural)
शुनः (ablative singular)
श्वभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वभ्यः (ablative plural)
शुनः (genitive singular)
शुनोः (dual genitive)
शुनाम् (genitive plural)
शुनि (locative singular)
शुनोः (dual locative)
श्वसु (locative plural)
शुनी (nominative singular)
शुन्यौ (dual nominative)
शुनी1 (dual nominative)
शुन्यः (nominative plural)
शुनीः1 (nominative plural)
शुनि (singular vocative)
शुन्यौ (dual vocative)
शुनी1 (dual vocative)
शुन्यः (plural vocative)
शुनीः1 (plural vocative)
शुनीम् (accusative singular)
शुन्यौ (accusative dual)
शुनी1 (accusative dual)
शुनीः (accusative plural)
शुन्या (instrumental singular)
शुनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शुनीभिः (instrumental plural)
शुन्यै (dative singular)
शुनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
शुनीभ्यः (dative plural)
शुन्याः (ablative singular)
शुन्यै2 (ablative singular)
शुनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शुनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
शुन्याः (genitive singular)
शुन्यै2 (genitive singular)
शुन्योः (dual genitive)
शुनीनाम् (genitive plural)
शुन्याम् (locative singular)
शुन्योः (dual locative)
शुनीषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: šọ̃́a

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: ہوٗن (hūn)

Devanagari script: हून (hūn)

Shina: śun

Pali: sā, soṇa

→ Thai: โสณ (sǒo-ná-) (learned)

Prakrit:

Konkani: सूणें (sūṇẽ)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κύων (kúōn, “dog”), Latin canis (“dog”), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬥 (span, “dog”), Lithuanian šuo, Old Armenian շուն (šun), Old English hund (whence English hound).

ना॒वेव॑ नः पारयतं यु॒गेव॒ नभ्ये॑व न उप॒धीव॑ प्र॒धीव॑।
श्वाने॑व नो॒ अरि॑षण्या त॒नूनां॒ खृग॑लेव वि॒स्रसः॑ पातम॒स्मान्॥
nāvéva naḥ pārayataṃ yugéva nábhyeva na upadhī́va pradhī́va.

Bear us across the sea of life, like two vessels, or like the poles of a car, the axles, the spokes, the fellies of two wheels. Be like two dogs, warding off injury to our people, and, like two coats of mail, defend us from decay.

śvā́neva no áriṣaṇyā tanū́nāṃ khṛ́galeva visrásaḥ pātamasmā́n.

प्रतिघातेन सान्त्वस्य दारुणं संप्रवर्तते।
तच्छुनाम्इव गोपादे पण्डितैरुपलक्षितम्॥
pratighātena sāntvasya dāruṇaṃ saṃpravartate.
tacchunāmiva gopāde paṇḍitairupalakṣitam.
With the failure of appeasement, hostility ensues;
This is observed by the wise in a gopāda (brawl?) of dog-like men.

अयं श्वा भूतभव्येश भक्तो मां नित्यमेव ह।
स गच्छेत मया सार्धमानृशंस्या हि मे मतिः॥
ayaṃ śvā bhūtabhavyeśa bhakto māṃ nityameva ha.

O master of past and present, this dog has been constantly loyal to me like no other.
Let him go with me side by side, for the sake of my care (for his wellbeing).

sa gaccheta mayā sārdhamānṛśaṃsyā hi me matiḥ.


त्वच्

tvác (romanization)
त्वक् (nominative singular)
त्वचौ (dual nominative)
त्वचा1 (dual nominative)
त्वचः (nominative plural)
त्वक् (singular vocative)
त्वचौ (dual vocative)
त्वचा1 (dual vocative)
त्वचः (plural vocative)
त्वचम् (accusative singular)
त्वचौ (accusative dual)
त्वचा1 (accusative dual)
त्वचः (accusative plural)
त्वचा (instrumental singular)
त्वग्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
त्वग्भिः (instrumental plural)
त्वचे (dative singular)
त्वग्भ्याम् (dative dual)
त्वग्भ्यः (dative plural)
त्वचः (ablative singular)
त्वग्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
त्वग्भ्यः (ablative plural)
त्वचः (genitive singular)
त्वचोः (dual genitive)
त्वचाम् (genitive plural)
त्वचि (locative singular)
त्वचोः (dual locative)
त्वक्षु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *twek- (“shield, skin; to cover”). Cognate with Ancient Greek σάκος (sákos, “shield”), Hittite [script needed] (tuekkaš, “body”).

cog

skin (of men, serpents etc.), hide (of goats, cows etc.)

a cow's hide (used in pressing out the soma juice)


वल्क

valká (romanization)
वल्कः (nominative singular)
वल्कौ (dual nominative)
वल्का1 (dual nominative)
वल्काः (nominative plural)
वल्कासः1 (nominative plural)
वल्क (singular vocative)
वल्कौ (dual vocative)
वल्का1 (dual vocative)
वल्काः (plural vocative)
वल्कासः1 (plural vocative)
वल्कम् (accusative singular)
वल्कौ (accusative dual)
वल्का1 (accusative dual)
वल्कान् (accusative plural)
वल्केन (instrumental singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वल्कैः (instrumental plural)
वल्केभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वल्काय (dative singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
वल्केभ्यः (dative plural)
वल्कात् (ablative singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वल्केभ्यः (ablative plural)
वल्कस्य (genitive singular)
वल्कयोः (dual genitive)
वल्कानाम् (genitive plural)
वल्के (locative singular)
वल्कयोः (dual locative)
वल्केषु (locative plural)
वल्कम् (nominative singular)
वल्के (dual nominative)
वल्कानि (nominative plural)
वल्का1 (nominative plural)
वल्क (singular vocative)
वल्के (dual vocative)
वल्कानि (plural vocative)
वल्का1 (plural vocative)
वल्कम् (accusative singular)
वल्के (accusative dual)
वल्कानि (accusative plural)
वल्का1 (accusative plural)
वल्केन (instrumental singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वल्कैः (instrumental plural)
वल्केभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वल्काय (dative singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
वल्केभ्यः (dative plural)
वल्कात् (ablative singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वल्केभ्यः (ablative plural)
वल्कस्य (genitive singular)
वल्कयोः (dual genitive)
वल्कानाम् (genitive plural)
वल्के (locative singular)
वल्कयोः (dual locative)
वल्केषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *walkás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *walkás. Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬐𐬀 (var^əka).


पुष्प

púṣpa (romanization)
पुष्पम् (nominative singular)
पुष्पे (dual nominative)
पुष्पाणि (nominative plural)
पुष्पा1 (nominative plural)
पुष्प (singular vocative)
पुष्पे (dual vocative)
पुष्पाणि (plural vocative)
पुष्पा1 (plural vocative)
पुष्पम् (accusative singular)
पुष्पे (accusative dual)
पुष्पाणि (accusative plural)
पुष्पा1 (accusative plural)
पुष्पेण (instrumental singular)
पुष्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुष्पैः (instrumental plural)
पुष्पेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पुष्पाय (dative singular)
पुष्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुष्पेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुष्पात् (ablative singular)
पुष्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुष्पेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुष्पस्य (genitive singular)
पुष्पयोः (dual genitive)
पुष्पाणाम् (genitive plural)
पुष्पे (locative singular)
पुष्पयोः (dual locative)
पुष्पेषु (locative plural)

Pali: puppha

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨 (puppha) (see there for further descendants)

→ Bengali: পুষ্প (puśpo)

→ Gujarati: પુષ્પ (puṣp)

→ Hindi: पुष्प (puṣp)

→ Indonesian: puspa

→ Malayalam: പുഷ്പം (puṣpaṁ)

→ Marathi: पुष्प (puṣpa)

→ Sundanese: ᮕᮥᮞ᮪ᮕ (puspa)

desc

→ Tamil: புட்பம் (puṭpam), புஷ்பம் (puṣpam)

⇒ Telugu: పుష్పము (puṣpamu)

→ Thai: บุษบา (bùt-sà-baa)

(drama) gallantry, politeness, declaration of love


पीवस्

pī́vas (romanization)
पीवः (nominative singular)
पीवसी (dual nominative)
पीवांसि (nominative plural)
पीवः (singular vocative)
पीवसी (dual vocative)
पीवांसि (plural vocative)
पीवः (accusative singular)
पीवसी (accusative dual)
पीवांसि (accusative plural)
पीवसा (instrumental singular)
पीवोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पीवोभिः (instrumental plural)
पीवसे (dative singular)
पीवोभ्याम् (dative dual)
पीवोभ्यः (dative plural)
पीवसः (ablative singular)
पीवोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पीवोभ्यः (ablative plural)
पीवसः (genitive singular)
पीवसोः (dual genitive)
पीवसाम् (genitive plural)
पीवसि (locative singular)
पीवसोः (dual locative)
पीवःसु (locative plural)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peyh₂-.


मेदस्

médas (romanization)
मेदः (nominative singular)
मेदसी (dual nominative)
मेदांसि (nominative plural)
मेदः (singular vocative)
मेदसी (dual vocative)
मेदांसि (plural vocative)
मेदः (accusative singular)
मेदसी (accusative dual)
मेदांसि (accusative plural)
मेदसा (instrumental singular)
मेदोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेदोभिः (instrumental plural)
मेदसे (dative singular)
मेदोभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेदोभ्यः (dative plural)
मेदसः (ablative singular)
मेदोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेदोभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेदसः (genitive singular)
मेदसोः (dual genitive)
मेदसाम् (genitive plural)
मेदसि (locative singular)
मेदसोः (dual locative)
मेदःसु (locative plural)

Pali: meda

Prakrit: 𑀫𑁂𑀅 (mea)

From मिद् (mid, “to grow fat”, root) + -अस् (-as).

suf

ववृषू रुधिरौघासृक्पूयविण्मूत्रमेदसः। निपेतुर्गगनादस्य कबन्धान्यग्रतोऽनघ॥
vavṛṣū rudhiraughāsṛkpūyaviṇmūtramedasaḥ. nipeturgaganādasya kabandhānyagratoʼnagha.

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.10.24

My dear faultless Vidura, in that rainfall there was blood, mucus, pus, stool, urine and marrow falling heavily before Dhruva Mahārāja, and there were trunks of bodies falling from the sky.

अमूषां क्षुत्परीतानामार्तानां परिदेवितम्। शमयिष्यामि मद्बाणैर्भिन्नायास्तव मेदसा॥

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.17.25

Now, with the help of my arrows, I shall cut you to pieces and with your flesh satisfy the hunger-stricken citizens, who are now crying for want of grains.

amūṣāṃ kṣutparītānāmārtānāṃ paridevitam. śamayiṣyāmi madbāṇairbhinnāyāstava medasā.


पर्ण

parṇá (romanization)
पर्णम् (nominative singular)
पर्णे (dual nominative)
पर्णानि (nominative plural)
पर्णा1 (nominative plural)
पर्ण (singular vocative)
पर्णे (dual vocative)
पर्णानि (plural vocative)
पर्णा1 (plural vocative)
पर्णम् (accusative singular)
पर्णे (accusative dual)
पर्णानि (accusative plural)
पर्णा1 (accusative plural)
पर्णेन (instrumental singular)
पर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पर्णैः (instrumental plural)
पर्णेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पर्णाय (dative singular)
पर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पर्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
पर्णात् (ablative singular)
पर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पर्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पर्णस्य (genitive singular)
पर्णयोः (dual genitive)
पर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
पर्णे (locative singular)
पर्णयोः (dual locative)
पर्णेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (paṇa)

Kalasha: pọ̃

Kashmiri: پَن (pan)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ފަން (fan̊)

Sinhalese: පන (pana)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡 (paṇṇa)

Assamese: পাণ (pan, “betel leaf”)

Bengali: পান (pan, “betel leaf”)

Bihari: पान (pān, “betel leaf”)

Bhojpuri: 𑂣𑂰𑂢 (pān, “betel leaf”)

Maithili: पान (pān, “betel leaf”)

Magahi: 𑂣𑂰𑂢 (pān, “betel leaf”)

Odia: ପାନ (pāna, “betel leaf”)

Sylheti: ꠙꠣꠘ (fan, “betel leaf”)

desctree

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡 (paṇṇa)
Gurjara Apabhramsa: पण्ण (paṇṇa)
Old Gujarati: पान (pāna)
Gujarati: પાન (pān)
⇒ Gujarati: પાંદડું (pā̃dḍũ)
Marwari: पान (pān)
Konkani: पान (pān)
Old Marathi: 𑘢𑘰𑘡 (pāna)
Marathi: पान (pān)
Hindustani: pān
Hindi: पान
Urdu: پان (pān)

Pali: paṇṇa

→ Khmer: ប័ណ្ណ (ban) (learned)

→ Lao: ບັນນະ (ban na) (learned)

→ Thai: บรรณ (ban) (learned)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡 (paṇṇa)

Doteli: पन्ना (pannā)

Garhwali: पान (pān, “betel leaf”)

Hindustani:

Hindi: पान (pān, “betel leaf”), पन्ना (pannā, “page”)

Urdu: پن (pān, “betel leaf”), پنا (pannā, “page”)

Kumaoni: पान (pān, “betel leaf”)

desc

Nepali: पानु (pānu), पान (pān, “betel leaf”)

Punjabi: ਪੰਨਾ (pannā)

Sindhi: पनु (panu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *parnám (“leaf, feather, wing”), from Proto-Indo-European *pornóm (“feather, wing”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna), Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), English fern.

inh

pinion, feather (also of an arrow), wing

leaf (regarded as the plumage of a tree)


कर्ण

kárṇa (romanization)
कर्णः (nominative singular)
कर्णौ (dual nominative)
कर्णा1 (dual nominative)
कर्णाः (nominative plural)
कर्णासः1 (nominative plural)
कर्ण (singular vocative)
कर्णौ (dual vocative)
कर्णा1 (dual vocative)
कर्णाः (plural vocative)
कर्णासः1 (plural vocative)
कर्णम् (accusative singular)
कर्णौ (accusative dual)
कर्णा1 (accusative dual)
कर्णान् (accusative plural)
कर्णेन (instrumental singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्णैः (instrumental plural)
कर्णेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कर्णाय (dative singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्णात् (ablative singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्णस्य (genitive singular)
कर्णयोः (dual genitive)
कर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
कर्णे (locative singular)
कर्णयोः (dual locative)
कर्णेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Grangali: kō̃

Indus Kohistani: kaṇa, kān

Kalami: kan

Kalasha: kọ̃

Kashmiri: کَن (kan), کَنّ

Phalura: کاݨ (kāṇ)

Shina: کون (kon), کوݨ (koṇí)

Kohistani Shina: کݨ (kuṇ), کءاݨ (kuāṇə)

→ Domaaki: کون (kon)

Shumashti: kō̃ṛ

Tirahi: kana

Torwali: کان (kaṇ)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kanə, kan

Pali: kaṇṇa

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡 (kaṇṇa)
Central:
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
Awadhi: कान (kān)
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Hindustani: kān
Hindi: कान
Urdu: کان (kān)
Romani: kan
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
Avahattha: 𑖎𑖜𑖿𑖜 (kaṇṇa), कण्ण (kaṇṇa)
Bengali-Assamese:
Assamese: কাণ (kan), কান (kan)
Bengali: কান (kan)
Hajong: কান
Bihari:
Bhojpuri: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Kaithi script: 𑂍𑂰𑂢
Magahi: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Kaithi script: 𑂍𑂰𑂢
Maithili: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Tirhuta script: 𑒏𑒰𑒢
Odia: କାନ (kāna)
Northern:
Khasa Prakrit:
Central Pahari:
Kumaoni: कान (kān)
Eastern Pahari:
Nepali: कान (kān)
Western Pahari:
Bhadrawahi: कन्न (kann)
Chambeali: कन्न (kann)
Northwestern:
Paisaci Prakrit:
Takka Apabhramsa:
Lahnda: کَنّ (kann), کَن (kan)
Punjabi: kann
Gurmukhi script: ਕੰਨ
Shahmukhi script: کَنّ
Vracada Apabhramsa:
Sindhi: kanu
Arabic script: ڪَنُ
Devanagari script: कनु
Kachchi: કન (kan)
Southern:
Helu Prakrit:
⇒ Dhivehi: ކަންފަތް (kan̊fat̊)
Sinhalese: කන (kana), කණ (kaṇa)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Konkani: kānu
Devanagari script: कानु
Latin script: kanu
Kannada script: ಕಾನು
Old Marathi: kāna
Modi script: 𑘎𑘰𑘡
Devanagari script: कान
Marathi: कान (kān)
Western:
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Old Gujarati: कान (kāna)
Gujarati: કાન (kān)
Old Marwari: कान (kān)

→ Bengali: কর্ণ (korno)

→ English: Karna

→ Hindi: कर्ण (karṇ)

→ Old Javanese: karṇa
> Javanese: ꦏꦂꦤ (karna) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬓᬃᬡ (karna)

⇒ Tamil: கன்னம் (kaṉṉam)

⇒ Malayalam: കർണ്ണം (kaṟṇṇaṁ)

desc

⇒ Telugu: కర్ణుడు (karṇuḍu), కర్ణము (karṇamu)

→ Thai: กรรณ (gan)

Of uncertain origin.
Likely related to Persian کر (kar, “deaf”), and perhaps to Old Church Slavonic крънъ (krŭnŭ, “mutilated (esp. of the ears and nose)”); however, Fraenkel's presupposition that "defect of the ear" was the original meaning of the common root and that Sanskrit later developed the more basal meaning of "ear" from the "defect" meaning is suspect.
Pischel takes the original meaning as "point, spike"; under this view, कर्णक (karṇaka, “lateral protrusion; fork”) could be related. However, a convincing etymological path for this has not been found.
Zupitsa connects this with Russian Church Slavonic črĕnъ, from a common root meaning "handle, grip".
Finally, others have connected this word to शृणोति (śṛṇóti, “to listen, hear”).

cog

(nautical) the handle or ear of a vessel

(geometry) the hypotenuse of a triangle or the diagonal of a quadrilateral


श्रवण

Pali: savana

→ Thai: สวน (sà-wá-ná-)

→ Telugu: శ్రవణము (śravaṇamu)

From श्रव्- (śrav-), variant of the root श्रु (śru, “to hear”) + -अन (-ana).

/ɕɾɐ́.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/

/ˈɕɾɐ.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/

acquiring knowledge by hearing, learning, study

(philosophy) the determining by means of the six signs the true doctrine of the vedānta


श्रवण

śrávaṇa (romanization)
श्रवणः (nominative singular)
श्रवणौ (dual nominative)
श्रवणा1 (dual nominative)
श्रवणाः (nominative plural)
श्रवणासः1 (nominative plural)
श्रवण (singular vocative)
श्रवणौ (dual vocative)
श्रवणा1 (dual vocative)
श्रवणाः (plural vocative)
श्रवणासः1 (plural vocative)
श्रवणम् (accusative singular)
श्रवणौ (accusative dual)
श्रवणा1 (accusative dual)
श्रवणान् (accusative plural)
श्रवणेन (instrumental singular)
श्रवणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रवणैः (instrumental plural)
श्रवणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्रवणाय (dative singular)
श्रवणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रवणेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रवणात् (ablative singular)
श्रवणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रवणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रवणस्य (genitive singular)
श्रवणयोः (dual genitive)
श्रवणानाम् (genitive plural)
श्रवणे (locative singular)
श्रवणयोः (dual locative)
श्रवणेषु (locative plural)

/ɕɾɐ́.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/

/ˈɕɾɐ.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/

the hypotenuse of a triangle or the diagonal of a tetragon


श्रुति

śrúti (romanization)
श्रुतिः (nominative singular)
श्रुती (dual nominative)
श्रुतयः (nominative plural)
श्रुते (singular vocative)
श्रुती (dual vocative)
श्रुतयः (plural vocative)
श्रुतिम् (accusative singular)
श्रुती (accusative dual)
श्रुतीः (accusative plural)
श्रुत्या (instrumental singular)
श्रुती1 (instrumental singular)
श्रुतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रुतिभिः (instrumental plural)
श्रुतये (dative singular)
श्रुत्यै2 (dative singular)
श्रुती1 (dative singular)
श्रुतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रुतिभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रुतेः (ablative singular)
श्रुत्याः2 (ablative singular)
श्रुत्यै3 (ablative singular)
श्रुतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रुतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रुतेः (genitive singular)
श्रुत्याः2 (genitive singular)
श्रुत्यै3 (genitive singular)
श्रुत्योः (dual genitive)
श्रुतीनाम् (genitive plural)
श्रुतौ (locative singular)
श्रुत्याम्2 (locative singular)
श्रुता1 (locative singular)
श्रुत्योः (dual locative)
श्रुतिषु (locative plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-
Sanskrit श्रु (śru)
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Sanskrit -ति (-ti)
Sanskrit श्रुति (śruti)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćrútiš, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlú-ti-s, from *ḱlew- (“to hear”). Cognate with Old English hlūd (whence English loud), Lithuanian klausa, Proto-Slavic *sluxъ (whence Polish słuch, Russian слух (slux), Old Church Slavonic слоухъ (sluxŭ) (Glagolitic spelling ⱄⰾⱆⱈⱏ (sluxŭ)), Bulgarian слух (sluh)). Equivalent to श्रु (śru) + -ति (-ti).

etymon

śrutim abhinīya

śrutiṃ vaco nugāṃ-√kṛ

the diagonal of a tetragon or hypothenuse of a triangle

that which is heard or perceived with the ear, sound, noise

an aggregate of sounds (whether forming a word or any part of a word)

rumour, report, news, intelligence, hearsay

that which has been heard or communicated from the beginning, sacred knowledge orally transmitted by the Brahmans from generation to generation, the Veda

(music) a particular division of the octave, a quarter tone or interval (twenty-two of these are enumerated, four constituting a major tone, three a minor, and two a semitone; they are said to be personified as nymphs)


श्रुति

स्रुति स्रुति#Sanskrit

(compare स्रुति (sruti)) course, path (?)

श्रवणा श्रवणा#Sanskrit


पट

paṭa (romanization)
पटः (nominative singular)
पटौ (dual nominative)
पटा1 (dual nominative)
पटाः (nominative plural)
पटासः1 (nominative plural)
पट (singular vocative)
पटौ (dual vocative)
पटा1 (dual vocative)
पटाः (plural vocative)
पटासः1 (plural vocative)
पटम् (accusative singular)
पटौ (accusative dual)
पटा1 (accusative dual)
पटान् (accusative plural)
पटेन (instrumental singular)
पटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पटैः (instrumental plural)
पटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पटाय (dative singular)
पटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पटेभ्यः (dative plural)
पटात् (ablative singular)
पटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पटस्य (genitive singular)
पटयोः (dual genitive)
पटानाम् (genitive plural)
पटे (locative singular)
पटयोः (dual locative)
पटेषु (locative plural)

Pali: paṭa

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pel-der.?
Sanskrit पट (paṭa)
Of uncertain origin. Usually derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan *paḷṭas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *paltas (whence Persian پرده (parde, “curtain, veil”)), from Proto-Indo-European *pol-to-s, from *pel- (“to cover, wrap; hide, cloth”). This would make the term cognate with Proto-Slavic *poltьno (“linen, cloth”), Ancient Greek πέλτη (péltē, “a small leather shield”). Alternatively, borrowed from substrate.
Likely related to पटल (paṭala, “roof”) and पट्ट (paṭṭa, “slab, cloth”).


अंशक

aṃśaka (romanization)
अंशकः (nominative singular)
अंशकौ (dual nominative)
अंशकाः (nominative plural)
अंशक (singular vocative)
अंशकौ (dual vocative)
अंशकाः (plural vocative)
अंशकम् (accusative singular)
अंशकौ (accusative dual)
अंशकान् (accusative plural)
अंशकेन (instrumental singular)
अंशकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंशकैः (instrumental plural)
अंशकाय (dative singular)
अंशकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंशकेभ्यः (dative plural)
अंशकात् (ablative singular)
अंशकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंशकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंशकस्य (genitive singular)
अंशकयोः (dual genitive)
अंशकानाम् (genitive plural)
अंशके (locative singular)
अंशकयोः (dual locative)
अंशकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अंशक


अंशक

aṃśaka (romanization)
अंशकम् (nominative singular)
अंशके (dual nominative)
अंशकानि (nominative plural)
अंशक (singular vocative)
अंशके (dual vocative)
अंशकानि (plural vocative)
अंशकम् (accusative singular)
अंशके (accusative dual)
अंशकानि (accusative plural)
अंशकेन (instrumental singular)
अंशकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंशकैः (instrumental plural)
अंशकाय (dative singular)
अंशकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंशकेभ्यः (dative plural)
अंशकात् (ablative singular)
अंशकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंशकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंशकस्य (genitive singular)
अंशकयोः (dual genitive)
अंशकानाम् (genitive plural)
अंशके (locative singular)
अंशकयोः (dual locative)
अंशकेषु (locative plural)

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">अंशक</i>


अंशु

aṃśú (romanization)
अंशुः (nominative singular)
अंशू (dual nominative)
अंशवः (nominative plural)
अंशो (singular vocative)
अंशू (dual vocative)
अंशवः (plural vocative)
अंशुम् (accusative singular)
अंशू (accusative dual)
अंशून् (accusative plural)
अंशुना (instrumental singular)
अंश्वा1 (instrumental singular)
अंशुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंशुभिः (instrumental plural)
अंशवे (dative singular)
अंश्वे1 (dative singular)
अंशुभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंशुभ्यः (dative plural)
अंशोः (ablative singular)
अंश्वः1 (ablative singular)
अंशुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंशुभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंशोः (genitive singular)
अंश्वः1 (genitive singular)
अंश्वोः (dual genitive)
अंशूनाम् (genitive plural)
अंशौ (locative singular)
अंश्वोः (dual locative)
अंशुषु (locative plural)

Pali: aṃsu

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼 (aṃsu)

Assamese: আঁহ (ãh)

Bengali: আঁশ (ãś)

Rohingya: añc

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hanśúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hanćúš, possibly from the BMAC substrate per Lubotsky. Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬄𐬯𐬎 (ąsu).

पि॒पी॒ळे अं॒शुर्मद्यो॒ न सिन्धु॒रा त्वा॒ शमी॑ शशमा॒नस्य॑ श॒क्तिः।
अ॒स्म॒द्र्य॑क्छुशुचा॒नस्य॑ यम्या आ॒शुर्न र॒श्मिं तु॒व्योज॑सं॒ गोः॥
pipīḷé aṃśúrmádyo ná síndhurā́ tvā śámī śaśamānásya śaktíḥ.

Pressed is the gladdening stalk as ’twere a river: so let the rite, the toiler's power, attract thee To us-ward, of the Bright One, as the courser strains his. exceedingly strong leather bridle.

asmadryàkchuśucānásya yamyā āśúrná raśmíṃ tuvyójasaṃ góḥ.

filament, stalk, beam (especially of the Soma plant)

यथो॒त कृत्व्ये॒ धनें॒ अं॒शुं गोष्व॒गस्त्य॑म्।
यथा॒ वाजे॑षु॒ सोभ॑रिम्॥
yáthotá kṛ́tvye dháneṃ aṃśúṃ góṣvagástyam.
yáthā vā́jeṣu sóbharim.

And in like manner as you protected Aṃśú when wealth was to be bestowed, and Agastya when his cattle were to be recovered, and Sobhari when food was to be supplied to him.

धनंजय धनंजय#Sanskrit

name of an ancient Vedic teacher, son of a धनंजय (dhanaṃjaya)


अंशुक

aṃśuka (romanization)
अंशुकम् (nominative singular)
अंशुके (dual nominative)
अंशुकानि (nominative plural)
अंशुका1 (nominative plural)
अंशुक (singular vocative)
अंशुके (dual vocative)
अंशुकानि (plural vocative)
अंशुका1 (plural vocative)
अंशुकम् (accusative singular)
अंशुके (accusative dual)
अंशुकानि (accusative plural)
अंशुका1 (accusative plural)
अंशुकेन (instrumental singular)
अंशुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंशुकैः (instrumental plural)
अंशुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अंशुकाय (dative singular)
अंशुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंशुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
अंशुकात् (ablative singular)
अंशुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंशुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंशुकस्य (genitive singular)
अंशुकयोः (dual genitive)
अंशुकानाम् (genitive plural)
अंशुके (locative singular)
अंशुकयोः (dual locative)
अंशुकेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: अंशुक (añśuk)

→ Tocharian A: aśśuk

→ Tocharian B: aṃśūk

→ Malayalam: അംശുകം (aṁśukaṁ)


अंहस्

áṃhas (romanization)
अंहः (nominative singular)
अंहसी (dual nominative)
अंहांसि (nominative plural)
अंहः (singular vocative)
अंहसी (dual vocative)
अंहांसि (plural vocative)
अंहः (accusative singular)
अंहसी (accusative dual)
अंहांसि (accusative plural)
अंहसा (instrumental singular)
अंहोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंहोभिः (instrumental plural)
अंहसे (dative singular)
अंहोभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंहोभ्यः (dative plural)
अंहसः (ablative singular)
अंहोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंहोभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंहसः (genitive singular)
अंहसोः (dual genitive)
अंहसाम् (genitive plural)
अंहसि (locative singular)
अंहसोः (dual locative)
अंहःसु (locative plural)

/ɐ́.ɡm̩.ɦɐs̪/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hánȷ́ʰas (“anxiety, fear”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énǵʰ-o-s, from *h₂enǵʰ- (“constricted, tight; distress anxiety”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵 (ązah), Latin angor (“anguish”), Proto-Germanic *angazaz (“worry”). Also distantly related to English anxiety.

inh

यथा॑ ह॒ त्यद्व॑सवो गौ॒र्यं॑ चित्प॒दि षि॒ताममुं॑चता यजत्राः ।
ए॒वो ष्व१॒॑स्मन्मुं॑चता॒ व्य्अंहः॒ प्र ता॑र्यग्ने प्रत॒रं न॒ आयुः॑ ॥
yáthā ha tyádvasavo gauryám citpadí ṣitā́mámuñcatā yajatrāḥ.

O Excellent and Holy Gods, just like you have loosened the cow that was tethered by the foot,
Set us free from this affliction and let our life, O Agni, be extended long.

evó ṣvásmánmuñcatā vyáṃhaḥ prá tāryagne pratarám na ā́yuḥ.


अकनिष्ठ

/ɐ.kɐˈn̪iʂ.ʈʰɐ/


अकन्या

akanyā (romanization)
अकन्या (nominative singular)
अकन्ये (dual nominative)
अकन्याः (nominative plural)
अकन्ये (singular vocative)
अकन्ये (dual vocative)
अकन्याः (plural vocative)
अकन्याम् (accusative singular)
अकन्ये (accusative dual)
अकन्याः (accusative plural)
अकन्यया (instrumental singular)
अकन्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकन्याभिः (instrumental plural)
अकन्यायै (dative singular)
अकन्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकन्याभ्यः (dative plural)
अकन्यायाः (ablative singular)
अकन्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकन्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकन्यायाः (genitive singular)
अकन्ययोः (dual genitive)
अकन्यानाम् (genitive plural)
अकन्यायाम् (locative singular)
अकन्ययोः (dual locative)
अकन्यासु (locative plural)

/ɐˈkɐn̪.jɑː/

From अ- (a-, negative) + कन्या (kanyā̀, “virgin”).

af

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

(Classical Sanskrit) not a virgin; a female who has lost her virginity or has had sexual intercourse


अकर्तृ

/ɐˈkɐɾ.t̪r̩/


अकर्मन्

akarman (romanization)
अकर्म (nominative singular)
अकर्मणी (dual nominative)
अकर्माणि (nominative plural)
अकर्म1 (nominative plural)
अकर्मा1 (nominative plural)
अकर्मन् (singular vocative)
अकर्म (singular vocative)
अकर्मणी (dual vocative)
अकर्माणि (plural vocative)
अकर्म1 (plural vocative)
अकर्मा1 (plural vocative)
अकर्म (accusative singular)
अकर्मणी (accusative dual)
अकर्माणि (accusative plural)
अकर्म1 (accusative plural)
अकर्मा1 (accusative plural)
अकर्मणा (instrumental singular)
अकर्मभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकर्मभिः (instrumental plural)
अकर्मणे (dative singular)
अकर्मभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकर्मभ्यः (dative plural)
अकर्मणः (ablative singular)
अकर्मभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकर्मभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकर्मणः (genitive singular)
अकर्मणोः (dual genitive)
अकर्मणाम् (genitive plural)
अकर्मणि (locative singular)
अकर्मन्1 (locative singular)
अकर्मणोः (dual locative)
अकर्मसु (locative plural)

/ɐˈkɐɾ.mɐn̪/


अकार

akāra (romanization)
अकारः (nominative singular)
अकारौ (dual nominative)
अकाराः (nominative plural)
अकार (singular vocative)
अकारौ (dual vocative)
अकाराः (plural vocative)
अकारम् (accusative singular)
अकारौ (accusative dual)
अकारान् (accusative plural)
अकारेन (instrumental singular)
अकाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकारैः (instrumental plural)
अकाराय (dative singular)
अकाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकारेभ्यः (dative plural)
अकारात् (ablative singular)
अकाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकारस्य (genitive singular)
अकारयोः (dual genitive)
अकारानाम् (genitive plural)
अकारे (locative singular)
अकारयोः (dual locative)
अकारेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अकार

→ English: akāra (learned)

→ Pali: akāra (learned)

अ (a, the letter) + कार (kāra, term designating a letter or sound).


अकारण

/ɐ.kɑː.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/

/ɐˈkɑː.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/


अकार्य

akārya (romanization)
अकार्यम् (nominative singular)
अकार्ये (dual nominative)
अकार्यानि (nominative plural)
अकार्य (singular vocative)
अकार्ये (dual vocative)
अकार्यानि (plural vocative)
अकार्यम् (accusative singular)
अकार्ये (accusative dual)
अकार्यानि (accusative plural)
अकार्येन (instrumental singular)
अकार्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकार्यैः (instrumental plural)
अकार्याय (dative singular)
अकार्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकार्येभ्यः (dative plural)
अकार्यात् (ablative singular)
अकार्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकार्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकार्यस्य (genitive singular)
अकार्ययोः (dual genitive)
अकार्यानाम् (genitive plural)
अकार्ये (locative singular)
अकार्ययोः (dual locative)
अकार्येषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">अकार्य</i>

अकार्याभ्याम्

अकार्याभ्याम्

अकार्याभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अकार्याभ्याम्

अकार्याभ्याम्

अकार्याभ्याम्


अकिञ्चन

akiñcana (romanization)
अकिञ्चनम् (nominative singular)
अकिञ्चने (dual nominative)
अकिञ्चनानि (nominative plural)
अकिञ्चन (singular vocative)
अकिञ्चने (dual vocative)
अकिञ्चनानि (plural vocative)
अकिञ्चनम् (accusative singular)
अकिञ्चने (accusative dual)
अकिञ्चनानि (accusative plural)
अकिञ्चनेन (instrumental singular)
अकिञ्चनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकिञ्चनैः (instrumental plural)
अकिञ्चनाय (dative singular)
अकिञ्चनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकिञ्चनेभ्यः (dative plural)
अकिञ्चनात् (ablative singular)
अकिञ्चनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकिञ्चनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकिञ्चनस्य (genitive singular)
अकिञ्चनयोः (dual genitive)
अकिञ्चनानाम् (genitive plural)
अकिञ्चने (locative singular)
अकिञ्चनयोः (dual locative)
अकिञ्चनेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">अकिञ्चन</i>

अकिञ्चनाभ्याम्

अकिञ्चनाभ्याम्

अकिञ्चनेभ्यः

अकिञ्चनाभ्याम्

अकिञ्चनेभ्यः

अकिञ्चनानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अकिञ्चनाभ्याम्

अकिञ्चनाभ्याम्

अकिञ्चनेभ्यः

अकिञ्चनाभ्याम्

अकिञ्चनेभ्यः

अकिञ्चनानाम्

/ɐˈkiɲ.t͡ɕɐ.n̪ɐ/


अकीर्ति

Pali: akitti

ill fame, notoriety, disrepute, ill repute, disgrace


सत्

sát (romanization)
सन् (nominative singular)
सन्तौ (dual nominative)
सन्ता1 (dual nominative)
सन्तः (nominative plural)
सन् (singular vocative)
सन्तौ (dual vocative)
सन्ता1 (dual vocative)
सन्तः (plural vocative)
सन्तम् (accusative singular)
सन्तौ (accusative dual)
सन्ता1 (accusative dual)
सतः (accusative plural)
सता (instrumental singular)
सद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सद्भिः (instrumental plural)
सते (dative singular)
सद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
सद्भ्यः (dative plural)
सतः (ablative singular)
सद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
सद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
सतः (genitive singular)
सतोः (dual genitive)
सताम् (genitive plural)
सति (locative singular)
सतोः (dual locative)
सत्सु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsáns ~ *Hsatás (“being, existing”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁sónts (“being, existing”). Equivalent to अस् (as, “to be”) + -अत् (-at). Cognate with Old Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬧𐬙 (haṇt), Ancient Greek ὤν (ṓn), Latin prae-sēns (“present”), Old English sōþ.

inh

a being; (in the plural) beings, creatures

good or honest or wise or respectable people


सत्

sat (romanization)
सत् (nominative singular)
सन्ती (dual nominative)
सती (dual nominative)
सन्ति (nominative plural)
सत् (singular vocative)
सन्ती (dual vocative)
सती (dual vocative)
सन्ति (plural vocative)
सत् (accusative singular)
सन्ती (accusative dual)
सती (accusative dual)
सन्ति (accusative plural)
सता (instrumental singular)
सद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सद्भिः (instrumental plural)
सते (dative singular)
सद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
सद्भ्यः (dative plural)
सतः (ablative singular)
सद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
सद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
सतः (genitive singular)
सतोः (dual genitive)
सताम् (genitive plural)
सति (locative singular)
सतोः (dual locative)
सत्सु (locative plural)

that which is good or real or true, reality, truth


मन्त्र

mántra (romanization)
मन्त्रः (nominative singular)
मन्त्रौ (dual nominative)
मन्त्रा1 (dual nominative)
मन्त्राः (nominative plural)
मन्त्रासः1 (nominative plural)
मन्त्र (singular vocative)
मन्त्रौ (dual vocative)
मन्त्रा1 (dual vocative)
मन्त्राः (plural vocative)
मन्त्रासः1 (plural vocative)
मन्त्रम् (accusative singular)
मन्त्रौ (accusative dual)
मन्त्रा1 (accusative dual)
मन्त्रान् (accusative plural)
मन्त्रेण (instrumental singular)
मन्त्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मन्त्रैः (instrumental plural)
मन्त्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मन्त्राय (dative singular)
मन्त्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मन्त्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
मन्त्रात् (ablative singular)
मन्त्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मन्त्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मन्त्रस्य (genitive singular)
मन्त्रयोः (dual genitive)
मन्त्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मन्त्रे (locative singular)
मन्त्रयोः (dual locative)
मन्त्रेषु (locative plural)
मन्त्रम् (nominative singular)
मन्त्रे (dual nominative)
मन्त्राणि (nominative plural)
मन्त्रा1 (nominative plural)
मन्त्र (singular vocative)
मन्त्रे (dual vocative)
मन्त्राणि (plural vocative)
मन्त्रा1 (plural vocative)
मन्त्रम् (accusative singular)
मन्त्रे (accusative dual)
मन्त्राणि (accusative plural)
मन्त्रा1 (accusative plural)
मन्त्रेण (instrumental singular)
मन्त्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मन्त्रैः (instrumental plural)
मन्त्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मन्त्राय (dative singular)
मन्त्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मन्त्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
मन्त्रात् (ablative singular)
मन्त्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मन्त्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मन्त्रस्य (genitive singular)
मन्त्रयोः (dual genitive)
मन्त्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मन्त्रे (locative singular)
मन्त्रयोः (dual locative)
मन्त्रेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: মাত (mat)

Sylheti: ꠝꠣꠔ (mat)

→ Assamese: মন্ত্ৰ (montro)

→ Bengali: মন্ত্র (môntrô)

→ Chinese: 曼特羅 /曼特罗 (màntèluó)

→ Danish: mantra

→ English: mantra

→ French: mantra

→ Finnish: mantra

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: मंत्र (mantra)

Urdu: مَنْتَر (mantar)

→ Japanese: マントラ (mantora)

→ Korean: 만트라 (manteura)

→ Malay: mantra, mantera

→ Indonesian: mantra

→ Marathi: मंत्र (mantra)

→ Portuguese: mantra

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੰਤਰ (mantar)

Shahmukhi script: مَنْتَر (mantar)

→ Russian: ма́нтра (mántra)

→ Serbo-Croatian: mantra

→ Spanish: mantra

→ Tamil: மந்திரம் (mantiram)

→ Telugu: మంత్రము (mantramu)

/ˈmɐn̪.t̪ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *mántram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mántram, from Proto-Indo-European *mén-trom, from *men- (“to think”) + *-trom, hence "instrument of thought". Related to मनस् (mánas, “mind”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (mąθra).

a prayer or song of praise (RV. AV. TS.), a sacred formula addressed to any individual deity; a mantra

यजुस् यजुस्#Sanskrit

सामन् सामन्#Sanskrit

अथर्वन् अथर्वन्#Sanskrit

a Vedic hymn or sacrificial formula, that portion of the Veda which contains the texts called ऋच् (ṛc-) or यजुस् (yajus-) or सामन् (sāma) or अथर्वन् (atharvan) (as opposed to the Brahmana or Upanishad portions); a mantra

a mystical verse or magical formula (sometimes personified), incantation, charm, spell; a mantra

consultation, resolution, counsel, advice, plan, design, secret


अकूपार

á-kūpāra (romanization)
अकूपारः (nominative singular)
अकूपारौ (dual nominative)
अकूपाराः (nominative plural)
अकूपार (singular vocative)
अकूपारौ (dual vocative)
अकूपाराः (plural vocative)
अकूपारम् (accusative singular)
अकूपारौ (accusative dual)
अकूपारान् (accusative plural)
अकूपारेण (instrumental singular)
अकूपाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकूपारैः (instrumental plural)
अकूपाराय (dative singular)
अकूपाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकूपारेभ्यः (dative plural)
अकूपारात् (ablative singular)
अकूपाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकूपारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकूपारस्य (genitive singular)
अकूपारयोः (dual genitive)
अकूपाराणाम् (genitive plural)
अकूपारे (locative singular)
अकूपारयोः (dual locative)
अकूपारेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अकूपार

अकूपाराभ्याम्

अकूपाराभ्याम्

अकूपाराभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अकूपाराभ्याम्

अकूपाराभ्याम्

अकूपाराभ्याम्

/ɐ.kuːˈpɑː.ɾɐ/

the mythical tortoise that upholds the world


अकृत

ákṛta (romanization)
अकृतम् (nominative singular)
अकृते (dual nominative)
अकृतानि (nominative plural)
अकृता1 (nominative plural)
अकृत (singular vocative)
अकृते (dual vocative)
अकृतानि (plural vocative)
अकृता1 (plural vocative)
अकृतम् (accusative singular)
अकृते (accusative dual)
अकृतानि (accusative plural)
अकृता1 (accusative plural)
अकृतेन (instrumental singular)
अकृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकृतैः (instrumental plural)
अकृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अकृताय (dative singular)
अकृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
अकृतात् (ablative singular)
अकृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकृतस्य (genitive singular)
अकृतयोः (dual genitive)
अकृतानाम् (genitive plural)
अकृते (locative singular)
अकृतयोः (dual locative)
अकृतेषु (locative plural)


अकृत्य

akṛtya (romanization)
अकृत्यम् (nominative singular)
अकृत्ये (dual nominative)
अकृत्यानि (nominative plural)
अकृत्य (singular vocative)
अकृत्ये (dual vocative)
अकृत्यानि (plural vocative)
अकृत्यम् (accusative singular)
अकृत्ये (accusative dual)
अकृत्यानि (accusative plural)
अकृत्येन (instrumental singular)
अकृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकृत्यैः (instrumental plural)
अकृत्याय (dative singular)
अकृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकृत्येभ्यः (dative plural)
अकृत्यात् (ablative singular)
अकृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकृत्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकृत्यस्य (genitive singular)
अकृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
अकृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
अकृत्ये (locative singular)
अकृत्ययोः (dual locative)
अकृत्येषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">अकृत्य</i>

अकृत्याभ्याम्

अकृत्याभ्याम्

अकृत्याभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अकृत्याभ्याम्

अकृत्याभ्याम्

अकृत्याभ्याम्

→ Telugu: అకృత్యము (akr̥tyamu)


अक्का

akkā (romanization)
अक्का (nominative singular)
अक्के (dual nominative)
अक्काः (nominative plural)
अक्के (singular vocative)
अक्के (dual vocative)
अक्काः (plural vocative)
अक्काम् (accusative singular)
अक्के (accusative dual)
अक्काः (accusative plural)
अक्कया (instrumental singular)
अक्का1 (instrumental singular)
अक्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अक्काभिः (instrumental plural)
अक्कायै (dative singular)
अक्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
अक्काभ्यः (dative plural)
अक्कायाः (ablative singular)
अक्कायै2 (ablative singular)
अक्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अक्काभ्यः (ablative plural)
अक्कायाः (genitive singular)
अक्कायै2 (genitive singular)
अक्कयोः (dual genitive)
अक्कानाम् (genitive plural)
अक्कायाम् (locative singular)
अक्कयोः (dual locative)
अक्कासु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 (akkā)

Etymology tree
Proto-Dravidian *akkabor.
Sanskrit अक्का (akkā)
Onomatopoeic, probably via Proto-Dravidian *akka (“elder sister”); compare Kannada ಅಕ್ಕ (akka), Malayalam അക്ക (akka), Telugu అక్క (akka), Tamil அக்கா (akkā), Sinhalese අක්කා (akkā), Marathi अक्का (akkā).
However, note Latin Acca Larentia and Ancient Greek ἀγάλλω (agállō, “to adorn oneself, be vain or crazy”), used to describe women.


अक्तु

aktú (romanization)
अक्तुः (nominative singular)
अक्तू (dual nominative)
अक्तवः (nominative plural)
अक्तो (singular vocative)
अक्तू (dual vocative)
अक्तवः (plural vocative)
अक्तुम् (accusative singular)
अक्तू (accusative dual)
अक्तून् (accusative plural)
अक्तुना (instrumental singular)
अक्त्वा1 (instrumental singular)
अक्तुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अक्तुभिः (instrumental plural)
अक्तवे (dative singular)
अक्तुभ्याम् (dative dual)
अक्तुभ्यः (dative plural)
अक्तोः (ablative singular)
अक्तुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अक्तुभ्यः (ablative plural)
अक्तोः (genitive singular)
अक्त्वोः (dual genitive)
अक्तूनाम् (genitive plural)
अक्तौ (locative singular)
अक्त्वोः (dual locative)
अक्तुषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *aktúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *aktúš, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *nokʷt-ú-s (“night”); compare, though with potential phonetic and semantic issues, Ancient Greek ἀκτίς (aktís, “ray, beam”). Both are traditionally assigned to a root *h₂ek-t- (“ray, beam”), but this fails to explain the “night” and related senses unless the Sanskrit is a merger of two different roots.
Also compare Proto-Germanic *unhtwǭ (“last part of the night”).


अक्षया

/ˈɐk.ʂɐ.jɑː/

the seventh day of a lunar month, if it falls on Sunday or Monday


अक्षमा

/ˈɐk.ʂɐ.mɑː/


अक्षता

ákṣatā (romanization)
अक्षता (nominative singular)
अक्षते (dual nominative)
अक्षताः (nominative plural)
अक्षते (singular vocative)
अक्षते (dual vocative)
अक्षताः (plural vocative)
अक्षताम् (accusative singular)
अक्षते (accusative dual)
अक्षताः (accusative plural)
अक्षतया (instrumental singular)
अक्षता1 (instrumental singular)
अक्षताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अक्षताभिः (instrumental plural)
अक्षतायै (dative singular)
अक्षताभ्याम् (dative dual)
अक्षताभ्यः (dative plural)
अक्षतायाः (ablative singular)
अक्षतायै2 (ablative singular)
अक्षताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अक्षताभ्यः (ablative plural)
अक्षतायाः (genitive singular)
अक्षतायै2 (genitive singular)
अक्षतयोः (dual genitive)
अक्षतानाम् (genitive plural)
अक्षतायाम् (locative singular)
अक्षतयोः (dual locative)
अक्षतासु (locative plural)

/ɐ́k.ʂɐ.tɑː/

/ˈɐk.ʂɐ.t̪ɑː/


अकृता

ákṛtā (romanization)
अकृता (nominative singular)
अकृते (dual nominative)
अकृताः (nominative plural)
अकृते (singular vocative)
अकृते (dual vocative)
अकृताः (plural vocative)
अकृताम् (accusative singular)
अकृते (accusative dual)
अकृताः (accusative plural)
अकृतया (instrumental singular)
अकृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकृताभिः (instrumental plural)
अकृतायै (dative singular)
अकृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकृताभ्यः (dative plural)
अकृतायाः (ablative singular)
अकृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकृताभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकृतायाः (genitive singular)
अकृतयोः (dual genitive)
अकृतानाम् (genitive plural)
अकृतायाम् (locative singular)
अकृतयोः (dual locative)
अकृतासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of अकृता

पुत्रिका पुत्रिका#Sanskrit

a daughter who has not been made पुत्रिका (putrikā), or a sharer in the privileges of a son


अक्षयता

/ˈɐk.ʂɐ.jɐ.t̪ɑː/


अक्षयत्व

/ɐk.ʂɐˈjɐt̪.ʋɐ/


अक्षरा

ákṣarā (romanization)
अक्षरा (nominative singular)
अक्षरे (dual nominative)
अक्षराः (nominative plural)
अक्षरे (singular vocative)
अक्षरे (dual vocative)
अक्षराः (plural vocative)
अक्षराम् (accusative singular)
अक्षरे (accusative dual)
अक्षराः (accusative plural)
अक्षरया (instrumental singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अक्षराभिः (instrumental plural)
अक्षरायै (dative singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अक्षराभ्यः (dative plural)
अक्षरायाः (ablative singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अक्षराभ्यः (ablative plural)
अक्षरायाः (genitive singular)
अक्षरयोः (dual genitive)
अक्षरानाम् (genitive plural)
अक्षरायाम् (locative singular)
अक्षरयोः (dual locative)
अक्षरासु (locative plural)

Feminine ā-stem declension of अक्षरा

अक्षराभ्याम्

अक्षराभ्याम्

अक्षराभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अक्षराभ्याम्

अक्षराभ्याम्

अक्षराभ्याम्

/ˈɐk.ʂɐ.ɾɑː/


अक्षहृदय

/ɐkˈʂɐ.ɦr̩.d̪ɐ.jɐ/

innermost nature of dice, perfect skill in gambling


अक्षान्ति

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Old Gujarati: अक्खंति (akkhaṃti)

/ɐkˈʂɑːn̪.t̪i/


अखण्ड

अ- (a-, “not”) + खण्ड (khaṇḍa, “part, fragment”)


अग

aga (romanization)
अगः (nominative singular)
अगौ (dual nominative)
अगा1 (dual nominative)
अगाः (nominative plural)
अगासः1 (nominative plural)
अग (singular vocative)
अगौ (dual vocative)
अगा1 (dual vocative)
अगाः (plural vocative)
अगासः1 (plural vocative)
अगम् (accusative singular)
अगौ (accusative dual)
अगा1 (accusative dual)
अगान् (accusative plural)
अगेन (instrumental singular)
अगाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अगैः (instrumental plural)
अगेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अगाय (dative singular)
अगाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अगेभ्यः (dative plural)
अगात् (ablative singular)
अगाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अगेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अगस्य (genitive singular)
अगयोः (dual genitive)
अगानाम् (genitive plural)
अगे (locative singular)
अगयोः (dual locative)
अगेषु (locative plural)


अगद

agada (romanization)
अगदः (nominative singular)
अगदौ (dual nominative)
अगदाः (nominative plural)
अगद (singular vocative)
अगदौ (dual vocative)
अगदाः (plural vocative)
अगदम् (accusative singular)
अगदौ (accusative dual)
अगदान् (accusative plural)
अगदेन (instrumental singular)
अगदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अगदैः (instrumental plural)
अगदाय (dative singular)
अगदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अगदेभ्यः (dative plural)
अगदात् (ablative singular)
अगदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अगदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अगदस्य (genitive singular)
अगदयोः (dual genitive)
अगदानाम् (genitive plural)
अगदे (locative singular)
अगदयोः (dual locative)
अगदेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अगद

→ Bengali: অগদ (ogod)

→ Odia: ଅଗଦ (agada)

→ Tocharian B: āgat


अगम्यागमन

/ɐ.ɡɐmˈjɑː.ɡɐ.mɐ.n̪ɐ/


अगस्ति

agasti (romanization)
अगस्तिः (nominative singular)
अगस्ती (dual nominative)
अगस्तयः (nominative plural)
अगस्ते (singular vocative)
अगस्ती (dual vocative)
अगस्तयः (plural vocative)
अगस्तिम् (accusative singular)
अगस्ती (accusative dual)
अगस्तीन् (accusative plural)
अगस्तिना (instrumental singular)
अगस्त्या1 (instrumental singular)
अगस्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अगस्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
अगस्तये (dative singular)
अगस्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अगस्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
अगस्तेः (ablative singular)
अगस्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अगस्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अगस्तेः (genitive singular)
अगस्त्योः (dual genitive)
अगस्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
अगस्तौ (locative singular)
अगस्ता1 (locative singular)
अगस्त्योः (dual locative)
अगस्तिषु (locative plural)

/ɐˈɡɐs̪.t̪i/


अगाध

agādha (romanization)
अगाधः (nominative singular)
अगाधौ (dual nominative)
अगाधाः (nominative plural)
अगाध (singular vocative)
अगाधौ (dual vocative)
अगाधाः (plural vocative)
अगाधम् (accusative singular)
अगाधौ (accusative dual)
अगाधान् (accusative plural)
अगाधेन (instrumental singular)
अगाधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अगाधैः (instrumental plural)
अगाधाय (dative singular)
अगाधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अगाधेभ्यः (dative plural)
अगाधात् (ablative singular)
अगाधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अगाधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अगाधस्य (genitive singular)
अगाधयोः (dual genitive)
अगाधानाम् (genitive plural)
अगाधे (locative singular)
अगाधयोः (dual locative)
अगाधेषु (locative plural)

Masculine a-stem declension of अगाध

Bengali: অগাধ (ogadh)

Old Gujarati: अगाध (agādha)

Telugu: అగాధము (agādhamu)

/ɐˈɡɑː.d̪ʱɐ/

अ- (a-) + गाध (gādha). Compared to Ancient Greek βυθός (buthós, “depths”), which is of unclear origin.


अगुण

aguṇa (romanization)
अगुणः (nominative singular)
अगुणौ (dual nominative)
अगुणाः (nominative plural)
अगुण (singular vocative)
अगुणौ (dual vocative)
अगुणाः (plural vocative)
अगुणम् (accusative singular)
अगुणौ (accusative dual)
अगुणान् (accusative plural)
अगुणेन (instrumental singular)
अगुणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अगुणैः (instrumental plural)
अगुणाय (dative singular)
अगुणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अगुणेभ्यः (dative plural)
अगुणात् (ablative singular)
अगुणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अगुणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अगुणस्य (genitive singular)
अगुणयोः (dual genitive)
अगुणानाम् (genitive plural)
अगुणे (locative singular)
अगुणयोः (dual locative)
अगुणेषु (locative plural)

Masculine a-stem declension of अगुण


अगुरु

aguru (romanization)
अगुरुः (nominative singular)
अगुरू (dual nominative)
अगुरवः (nominative plural)
अगुरो (singular vocative)
अगुरू (dual vocative)
अगुरवः (plural vocative)
अगुरुम् (accusative singular)
अगुरू (accusative dual)
अगुरून् (accusative plural)
अगुरुना (instrumental singular)
अगुरुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अगुरुभिः (instrumental plural)
अगुरवे (dative singular)
अगुरुभ्याम् (dative dual)
अगुरुभ्यः (dative plural)
अगुरोः (ablative singular)
अगुरुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अगुरुभ्यः (ablative plural)
अगुरोः (genitive singular)
अगुर्वोः (dual genitive)
अगुरूनाम् (genitive plural)
अगुरौ (locative singular)
अगुर्वोः (dual locative)
अगुरुषु (locative plural)
अगुरु (nominative singular)
अगुरुनी (dual nominative)
अगुरूनि (nominative plural)
अगुरु (singular vocative)
अगुरुनी (dual vocative)
अगुरूनि (plural vocative)
अगुरु (accusative singular)
अगुरुनी (accusative dual)
अगुरूनि (accusative plural)
अगुरुना (instrumental singular)
अगुरुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अगुरुभिः (instrumental plural)
अगुरुने (dative singular)
अगुरुभ्याम् (dative dual)
अगुरुभ्यः (dative plural)
अगुरुनः (ablative singular)
अगुरुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अगुरुभ्यः (ablative plural)
अगुरुनः (genitive singular)
अगुरुनोः (dual genitive)
अगुरूनाम् (genitive plural)
अगुरुनि (locative singular)
अगुरुनोः (dual locative)
अगुरुषु (locative plural)

Masculine u-stem declension of अगुरु

Neuter u-stem declension of अगुरु

Vaghri: અગર (agar)

Aquilaria malaccensis
Aquilaria malaccensis#Translingual

fragrant aloe wood and tree, Aquilaria malaccensis


वीर

vīrá (romanization)
वीरः (nominative singular)
वीरौ (dual nominative)
वीरा1 (dual nominative)
वीराः (nominative plural)
वीरासः1 (nominative plural)
वीर (singular vocative)
वीरौ (dual vocative)
वीरा1 (dual vocative)
वीराः (plural vocative)
वीरासः1 (plural vocative)
वीरम् (accusative singular)
वीरौ (accusative dual)
वीरा1 (accusative dual)
वीरान् (accusative plural)
वीरेण (instrumental singular)
वीराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वीरैः (instrumental plural)
वीरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वीराय (dative singular)
वीराभ्याम् (dative dual)
वीरेभ्यः (dative plural)
वीरात् (ablative singular)
वीराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वीरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वीरस्य (genitive singular)
वीरयोः (dual genitive)
वीराणाम् (genitive plural)
वीरे (locative singular)
वीरयोः (dual locative)
वीरेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wiHrás (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós (“man”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬭𐬀 (vīra), Latin vir (“man”), Lithuanian výras, Old Irish fer, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂 (wair), Old Norse verr, Old English wer (whence English wer).

त्वद्विप्रो॑ जायते वा॒ज्य॑ग्ने॒ त्वद्वी॒रासो॑ अभिमाति॒षाहः॑ ।
वैश्वा॑नर॒ त्वम॒स्मासु॑ धेहि॒ वसू॑नि राजन्त्स्पृह॒याय्या॑णि ॥
tvádvípro jāyate vājyàgne tvádvīrā́so abhimātiṣā́haḥ.
vaíśvānara tvámasmā́su dhehi vásūni rājantspṛhayā́yyāṇi.
The offerer of (sacrificial) food becomes wise, Agni, from you heroes become the vanquishers of foes; therefore, do you, royal vaiśvānara, bestow upon us enviable riches.

a man, especially a brave or eminent man, hero, chief

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata