अग्रहायण

/ɐɡ.ɾɐ.ɦɑː.jɐ.ɳɐ/

/ɐɡ.ɾɐ.ɦɑː.jɐ.ɳɐ/

Compound of अग्र (agra, “foremost, anterior”) + हायण (hāyaṇa, “year”)


पौष

Prakrit: 𑀧𑁄𑀲 (posa)

Gujarati: પોસ (pos)

Punjabi: poh

Gurmukhi script: ਪੋਹ

Shahmukhi script: پوہ

Sindhi: pohu

Arabic script: پوهُ

Devanagari script: पोहु

→ Hindi: पौष (pauṣ) (learned)

→ Nepali: पौष (pauṣ) (learned)

Vṛddhi derivative of पुष्य (puṣya, “nourisher”), from पुष् (puṣ, “to nourish”)


माघ

From मघा (maghā, “bountiful”), from मघ (magha, “bounty”)

Eleventh month of the Hindu lunar calendar


फाल्गुन

phālguna (romanization)
फाल्गुनः (nominative singular)
फाल्गुनौ (dual nominative)
फाल्गुना1 (dual nominative)
फाल्गुनाः (nominative plural)
फाल्गुनासः1 (nominative plural)
फाल्गुनम् (accusative singular)
फाल्गुनौ (accusative dual)
फाल्गुना1 (accusative dual)
फाल्गुनान् (accusative plural)
फाल्गुनेन (instrumental singular)
फाल्गुनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
फाल्गुनैः (instrumental plural)
फाल्गुनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
फाल्गुनाय (dative singular)
फाल्गुनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
फाल्गुनेभ्यः (dative plural)
फाल्गुनात् (ablative singular)
फाल्गुनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
फाल्गुनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
फाल्गुनस्य (genitive singular)
फाल्गुनयोः (dual genitive)
फाल्गुनानाम् (genitive plural)
फाल्गुने (locative singular)
फाल्गुनयोः (dual locative)
फाल्गुनेषु (locative plural)
फाल्गुन (singular vocative)
फाल्गुनौ (dual vocative)
फाल्गुना1 (dual vocative)
फाल्गुनाः (plural vocative)
फाल्गुनासः1 (plural vocative)

Vṛddhi derivative of फल्गुन (phálguna, “the red one”), from फल्गु (phalgú, “reddish”).

Twelfth month of the Hindu lunar calendar


भौम

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀪𑁄𑀫 (bhoma)

Vṛddhi derivative of भूमि (bhūmi); literally meaning "relating to or produced from the earth". The sense "Mars" comes from the Hindu mythology, where the deity Maṅgala, the personification of the planet Mars, is considered to be the son of the goddess Bhūmi, the personification of the earth.


कालिका

kālikā (romanization)
कालिका (nominative singular)
कालिके (dual nominative)
कालिकाः (nominative plural)
कालिकाम् (accusative singular)
कालिके (accusative dual)
कालिकाः (accusative plural)
कालिकया (instrumental singular)
कालिका1 (instrumental singular)
कालिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कालिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
कालिकायै (dative singular)
कालिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कालिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
कालिकायाः (ablative singular)
कालिकायै2 (ablative singular)
कालिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कालिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कालिकायाः (genitive singular)
कालिकायै2 (genitive singular)
कालिकयोः (dual genitive)
कालिकानाम् (genitive plural)
कालिकायाम् (locative singular)
कालिकयोः (dual locative)
कालिकासु (locative plural)
कालिके (singular vocative)
कालिके (dual vocative)
कालिकाः (plural vocative)

From काल (kāla, “destruction, blackness”) + -इका (-ikā).

suf

(Hinduism) Kali, title of goddess Durga. Also known as काली.

the most terrifying Goddess, wife of Shiva, identified as Parvati in her benevolent aspect.


भगदत्त

bhagadatta (romanization)
भगदत्तः (nominative singular)
भगदत्तम् (accusative singular)
भगदत्तेन (instrumental singular)
भगदत्ताय (dative singular)
भगदत्तात् (ablative singular)
भगदत्तस्य (genitive singular)
भगदत्ते (locative singular)
भगदत्त (singular vocative)

/bʱɐ.ɡɐ.d̪ɐt̪.t̪ɐ/

[bʱɐ.ɡɐ.d̪ɐt̪̚.t̪ɐ]

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás
Sanskrit भग (bhaga)
Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-der.
Sanskrit दत्त (datta)
Sanskrit भगदत्त (bhagadatta)
Tatpuruṣa compound of भग (bhága, name of an Āditya who bestows wealth, fortune, and love) + दत्त (dattá, “given”), literally “given by Bhaga”. Doublet of बगदाद (bagadāda). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬖𐬊𐬛𐬁𐬙𐬀 (baγodāta), Old Persian *Bagadātah.

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(Classical Sanskrit) Bhagadatta (a mythological king of Prāgjyotiṣa kingdom in the Mahābhārata, who fought for the Kauravas; son of Narakasura)

𐨧𐨒𐨡𐨟

*भगदत्ता (bhagadattā) (+ -आ (-ā, feminine-forming suffix))


जाबालिपुर

jābālipura (romanization)
जाबालिपुरम् (nominative singular)
जाबालिपुरे (dual nominative)
जाबालिपुराणि (nominative plural)
जाबालिपुरा1 (nominative plural)
जाबालिपुरम् (accusative singular)
जाबालिपुरे (accusative dual)
जाबालिपुराणि (accusative plural)
जाबालिपुरा1 (accusative plural)
जाबालिपुरेण (instrumental singular)
जाबालिपुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जाबालिपुरैः (instrumental plural)
जाबालिपुरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जाबालिपुराय (dative singular)
जाबालिपुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
जाबालिपुरेभ्यः (dative plural)
जाबालिपुरात् (ablative singular)
जाबालिपुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जाबालिपुरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जाबालिपुरस्य (genitive singular)
जाबालिपुरयोः (dual genitive)
जाबालिपुराणाम् (genitive plural)
जाबालिपुरे (locative singular)
जाबालिपुरयोः (dual locative)
जाबालिपुरेषु (locative plural)
जाबालिपुर (singular vocative)
जाबालिपुरे (dual vocative)
जाबालिपुराणि (plural vocative)
जाबालिपुरा1 (plural vocative)

→ Arabic: جَابَلْبُور (jābalbūr)

→ Bengali: জবলপুর (joblopur)

Chinese:

desc

→ Mandarin: 賈巴爾普爾 /贾巴尔普尔 (Jiǎbā'ěrpǔ'ěr)

>? Hindustani:

Hindi: जबलपुर (jabalpur)

Urdu: جَبَل پُور (jabal pūr)

→ Japanese: ジャバルプル (Jabarupuru)

→ Polish: Jabalpur, Dżabalpur

→ Russian: Джабалпу́р (Džabalpúr)

→ Ukrainian: Джабалпу́р (Džabalpúr)

Compound of जाबालि (jābāli, “sage Jaabaali”) + पुर (pura, “town, city”).

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Jabalpur, Jubbulpore (a city in Madhya Pradesh, India), named after a Hindu saint & philosopher, who meditated on the banks of Narmada River.


अनङ्ग

anaṅgá (romanization)
अनङ्गः (nominative singular)
अनङ्गौ (dual nominative)
अनङ्गा1 (dual nominative)
अनङ्गाः (nominative plural)
अनङ्गासः1 (nominative plural)
अनङ्गम् (accusative singular)
अनङ्गौ (accusative dual)
अनङ्गा1 (accusative dual)
अनङ्गान् (accusative plural)
अनङ्गेन (instrumental singular)
अनङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अनङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
अनङ्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अनङ्गाय (dative singular)
अनङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अनङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
अनङ्गात् (ablative singular)
अनङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अनङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अनङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
अनङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
अनङ्गानाम् (genitive plural)
अनङ्गे (locative singular)
अनङ्गयोः (dual locative)
अनङ्गेषु (locative plural)
अनङ्ग (singular vocative)
अनङ्गौ (dual vocative)
अनङ्गा1 (dual vocative)
अनङ्गाः (plural vocative)
अनङ्गासः1 (plural vocative)

name of Kamadeva (god of love, so called because he was made bodiless by a flash from the eye of Shiva, for having attempted to disturb his life of austerity by filling him with love for Parvati)


अभिनवगुप्त

abhinavagupta (romanization)
अभिनवगुप्तः (nominative singular)
अभिनवगुप्तौ (dual nominative)
अभिनवगुप्ता1 (dual nominative)
अभिनवगुप्ताः (nominative plural)
अभिनवगुप्तासः1 (nominative plural)
अभिनवगुप्तम् (accusative singular)
अभिनवगुप्तौ (accusative dual)
अभिनवगुप्ता1 (accusative dual)
अभिनवगुप्तान् (accusative plural)
अभिनवगुप्तेन (instrumental singular)
अभिनवगुप्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अभिनवगुप्तैः (instrumental plural)
अभिनवगुप्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अभिनवगुप्ताय (dative singular)
अभिनवगुप्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
अभिनवगुप्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
अभिनवगुप्तात् (ablative singular)
अभिनवगुप्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अभिनवगुप्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अभिनवगुप्तस्य (genitive singular)
अभिनवगुप्तयोः (dual genitive)
अभिनवगुप्तानाम् (genitive plural)
अभिनवगुप्ते (locative singular)
अभिनवगुप्तयोः (dual locative)
अभिनवगुप्तेषु (locative plural)
अभिनवगुप्त (singular vocative)
अभिनवगुप्तौ (dual vocative)
अभिनवगुप्ता1 (dual vocative)
अभिनवगुप्ताः (plural vocative)
अभिनवगुप्तासः1 (plural vocative)

Compound of अभिनव (abhináva, “new”) + गुप्त (guptá, “hidden”)

Abhinavagupta (950 – 1016 CE) philosopher, mystic and aesthetician.


फिरङ्ग

phiraṅga (romanization)
फिरङ्गः (nominative singular)
फिरङ्गम् (accusative singular)
फिरङ्गेण (instrumental singular)
फिरङ्गाय (dative singular)
फिरङ्गात् (ablative singular)
फिरङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
फिरङ्गे (locative singular)
फिरङ्ग (singular vocative)

/pʰi.ɾɐŋ.ɡɐ/

Via Hindi फ़िरंग (firaṅg), from Classical Persian فرنگ (farang, firing), ultimately from French Franc.

(New Sanskrit) “the country of the Franks”, Europe


तुखार

tukhāra (romanization)
तुखारः (nominative singular)
तुखारौ (dual nominative)
तुखारा1 (dual nominative)
तुखाराः (nominative plural)
तुखारासः1 (nominative plural)
तुखारम् (accusative singular)
तुखारौ (accusative dual)
तुखारा1 (accusative dual)
तुखारान् (accusative plural)
तुखारेण (instrumental singular)
तुखाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तुखारैः (instrumental plural)
तुखारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तुखाराय (dative singular)
तुखाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
तुखारेभ्यः (dative plural)
तुखारात् (ablative singular)
तुखाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तुखारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तुखारस्य (genitive singular)
तुखारयोः (dual genitive)
तुखाराणाम् (genitive plural)
तुखारे (locative singular)
तुखारयोः (dual locative)
तुखारेषु (locative plural)
तुखार (singular vocative)
तुखारौ (dual vocative)
तुखारा1 (dual vocative)
तुखाराः (plural vocative)
तुखारासः1 (plural vocative)
तुषार (alternative)
तुःखार (alternative)
तुक्खर (alternative)

Probably from an Indo-Iranian source. Cognate with Old Persian [script needed] (tuxāri-), Khotanese [script needed] (ttahvāra), Ancient Greek Τόχαρος (Tókharos) (whence English Tocharian).

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa

धनकनकरजतसंचयाश् च सर्वे शमदममन्त्रपराश् चये मनुष्याः ।
शकयवनतुखारबाल्हिकाश् च क्षयम् उपयान्ति दिवाकरस्य घाते ॥
dhanakanakarajatasaṃcayāś ca sarve śamadamamantraparāś caye manuṣyāḥ.

The accretion of riches, gold, and silver; all fully dedicated to counsels of calmness and restraint; and these peoples
The Sakas, Yavanas, Tukharas, and Balhikas ascend the seat of the Sun, when (the astrological planet is) invaded.

śakayavanatukhārabālhikāś ca kṣayam upayānti divākarasya ghāte.

Tocharians (an Indo-European but non-Indo-Aryan people to the northwest of the Indian subcontinent, often identified as the founders of the Kushana Empire in India)


विश्वकर्मन्

viśvakarman (romanization)
विश्वकर्मा (nominative singular)
विश्वकर्माणौ (dual nominative)
विश्वकर्माणा1 (dual nominative)
विश्वकर्माणः (nominative plural)
विश्वकर्माणम् (accusative singular)
विश्वकर्माणौ (accusative dual)
विश्वकर्माणा1 (accusative dual)
विश्वकर्मणः (accusative plural)
विश्वकर्मणा (instrumental singular)
विश्वकर्मभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विश्वकर्मभिः (instrumental plural)
विश्वकर्मणे (dative singular)
विश्वकर्मभ्याम् (dative dual)
विश्वकर्मभ्यः (dative plural)
विश्वकर्मणः (ablative singular)
विश्वकर्मभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विश्वकर्मभ्यः (ablative plural)
विश्वकर्मणः (genitive singular)
विश्वकर्मणोः (dual genitive)
विश्वकर्मणाम् (genitive plural)
विश्वकर्मणि (locative singular)
विश्वकर्मन्1 (locative singular)
विश्वकर्मणोः (dual locative)
विश्वकर्मसु (locative plural)
विश्वकर्मन् (singular vocative)
विश्वकर्माणौ (dual vocative)
विश्वकर्माणा1 (dual vocative)
विश्वकर्माणः (plural vocative)

From विश्व (viśva, “all”) + कर्मन् (karman, “action, doer”).

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Vishvakarman, the architect of the heaven


धनंजय

dhanaṃjaya (romanization)
धनंजयः (nominative singular)
धनंजयम् (accusative singular)
धनंजयेन (instrumental singular)
धनंजयाय (dative singular)
धनंजयात् (ablative singular)
धनंजयस्य (genitive singular)
धनंजये (locative singular)
धनंजय (singular vocative)

→ Tamil: தனஞ்சயன் (taṉañcayaṉ)

/dʱɐ.nɐɲ.d͡ʑɐ.jɐ́/

/d̪ʱɐ.n̪ɐɲ.d͡ʑɐ.jɐ/

Compound of धनम् (dhánam, accusative of धन (dhána, “wealth”)) + जय (jayá, “winning, conquering”).

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accusative of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">धन</i> (dhána, “wealth”)

पाञ्चजन्यं हृषिकेशो देवदत्तं धनञ्जयः ।
पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः ॥
pāñcajanyaṃ hṛṣikeśo devadattaṃ dhanañjayaḥ.
pauṇḍraṃ dadhmau mahāśaṅkhaṃ bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ.

Hṛṣikeśa blew his conch shell, named Pāñcajanya, and Arjuna blew the Devadatta. Bhīma, the voracious eater and performer of herculean tasks, blew his mighty conch, named Pauṇḍra.


पाटलिपुत्र

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀝𑀮𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢 (pāṭaliputa /pāṭaliputta/)
Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀟𑀮𑀺𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀢 (pāḍaliutta)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀟𑀮𑀺𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀢 (pāḍaliutta), 𑀧𑀸𑀟𑀮𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (pāḍaliputta)
Paisaci Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀝𑀮𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (pāṭaliputta)

→ Ancient Greek: Παλιμβόθρα (Palimbóthra)
→ Latin: Palimbothra

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పాటలీపుత్రము

⇒ Telugu: పాటలీపుత్రము (pāṭalīputramu)

Compound of पाटलि (pāṭali) + पुत्र (putra); the first element is perhaps related to पाटल (pāṭala). Previously known by names like पाटलिग्राम (pāṭaligrāma) and पाटलिपुर (pāṭalipura).

com+

Pataliputra (the ancient capital of the Magadha kingdom; modern Patna)

𑀧𑀸𑀟𑀮𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀅

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀧𑀸𑀝𑀮𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢-𑀓 (*pāṭaliputta-ka)


विश्वकर्मा

विश्वकर्मन् विश्वकर्मन्#Sanskrit

masculine nominative singular of विश्वकर्मन् (viśvakarman)


शंतनु

śáṃtanu (romanization)
शंतनुः (nominative singular)
शंतनू (dual nominative)
शंतनवः (nominative plural)
शंतनुम् (accusative singular)
शंतनू (accusative dual)
शंतनून् (accusative plural)
शंतनुना (instrumental singular)
शंतन्वा1 (instrumental singular)
शंतनुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शंतनुभिः (instrumental plural)
शंतनवे (dative singular)
शंतन्वे1 (dative singular)
शंतनुभ्याम् (dative dual)
शंतनुभ्यः (dative plural)
शंतनोः (ablative singular)
शंतन्वः1 (ablative singular)
शंतनुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शंतनुभ्यः (ablative plural)
शंतनोः (genitive singular)
शंतन्वः1 (genitive singular)
शंतन्वोः (dual genitive)
शंतनूनाम् (genitive plural)
शंतनौ (locative singular)
शंतन्वोः (dual locative)
शंतनुषु (locative plural)
शंतनो (singular vocative)
शंतनू (dual vocative)
शंतनवः (plural vocative)
शान्तनु (alternative)
शांतनु (alternative)
शन्तनु (alternative)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: शंतनु (śantanu)

Urdu: شَنْتَانُو (śantanu)

→ Persian: شانتانو (šântânu)

बृह॑स्पते॒ प्रति॑ मे दे॒वता॑मिहि मि॒त्रो वा॒ यद्वरु॑णो॒ वासि॑ पू॒षा।
आ॒दि॒त्यैर्वा॒ यद्वसु॑भिर्म॒रुत्वा॒न्त्स प॒र्जन्यं॒ शंत॑नवे वृषाय॥
bṛ́haspate práti me devátāmihi mitró vā yádváruṇo vā́si pūṣā́.
ādityaírvā yádvásubhirmarútvāntsá parjányaṃ śáṃtanave vṛṣāya.

Come, be you Mitra, Varuna, or Pusan, come, O Brhaspati, to mine oblation: With Maruts, Vasus, or Adityas, make you Parjanya pour for Shantanu his rain-drops.

(Hinduism) Shantanu, King of the Kuru Kingdom, husband of Ganga and Satyavati, father of Bhishma, Chitrāngada and Vichitravirya.


दुर्योधन

duryodhana (romanization)
दुर्योधनः (nominative singular)
दुर्योधनौ (dual nominative)
दुर्योधना1 (dual nominative)
दुर्योधनाः (nominative plural)
दुर्योधनासः1 (nominative plural)
दुर्योधनम् (accusative singular)
दुर्योधनौ (accusative dual)
दुर्योधना1 (accusative dual)
दुर्योधनान् (accusative plural)
दुर्योधनेन (instrumental singular)
दुर्योधनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुर्योधनैः (instrumental plural)
दुर्योधनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुर्योधनाय (dative singular)
दुर्योधनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुर्योधनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुर्योधनात् (ablative singular)
दुर्योधनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुर्योधनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुर्योधनस्य (genitive singular)
दुर्योधनयोः (dual genitive)
दुर्योधनानाम् (genitive plural)
दुर्योधने (locative singular)
दुर्योधनयोः (dual locative)
दुर्योधनेषु (locative plural)
दुर्योधन (singular vocative)
दुर्योधनौ (dual vocative)
दुर्योधना1 (dual vocative)
दुर्योधनाः (plural vocative)
दुर्योधनासः1 (plural vocative)

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄𑀳𑀡 (dujjohaṇa)

From दुर्- (dur-, “badly, with difficulty”) + योधन (yodhana, “the act of fighting, battle”), literally “difficult to fight with”.

af

(Hinduism) Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra and Gandhari, eldest of the Kauravas in the Mahabharata)


मेरु

meru (romanization)
मेरुः (nominative singular)
मेरू (dual nominative)
मेरवः (nominative plural)
मेरुम् (accusative singular)
मेरू (accusative dual)
मेरून् (accusative plural)
मेरुणा (instrumental singular)
मेर्वा1 (instrumental singular)
मेरुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेरुभिः (instrumental plural)
मेरवे (dative singular)
मेर्वे1 (dative singular)
मेरुभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेरुभ्यः (dative plural)
मेरोः (ablative singular)
मेर्वः1 (ablative singular)
मेरुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेरुभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेरोः (genitive singular)
मेर्वः1 (genitive singular)
मेर्वोः (dual genitive)
मेरूणाम् (genitive plural)
मेरौ (locative singular)
मेर्वोः (dual locative)
मेरुषु (locative plural)
मेरो (singular vocative)
मेरू (dual vocative)
मेरवः (plural vocative)

Name of a fabulous mountain, regarded as the Olympus of Hindu mythology and said to form the central point of jambu-dvīpa-. All the planets revolve round it and it is compared to the cup or seed-vessel of a lotus, the leaves of which are formed by the different dvīpas q.v. The river Ganges falls from heaven on its summit, and flows thence to the surrounding worlds in four streams. The regents of the four quarters of the compass occupy the corresponding faces of the mountain, the whole of which consists of gold and gems. Its summit is the residence of Brahma, and a place of meeting for the gods, rishis, gandharvas etc. When not regarded as a fabulous mountain, it appears to mean the highland of Tartary north of the Himalayas.


गौतम

gautamá (romanization)
गौतमः (nominative singular)
गौतमौ (dual nominative)
गौतमा1 (dual nominative)
गौतमाः (nominative plural)
गौतमासः1 (nominative plural)
गौतमम् (accusative singular)
गौतमौ (accusative dual)
गौतमा1 (accusative dual)
गौतमान् (accusative plural)
गौतमेन (instrumental singular)
गौतमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गौतमैः (instrumental plural)
गौतमेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गौतमाय (dative singular)
गौतमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गौतमेभ्यः (dative plural)
गौतमात् (ablative singular)
गौतमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गौतमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गौतमस्य (genitive singular)
गौतमयोः (dual genitive)
गौतमानाम् (genitive plural)
गौतमे (locative singular)
गौतमयोः (dual locative)
गौतमेषु (locative plural)
गौतम (singular vocative)
गौतमौ (dual vocative)
गौतमा1 (dual vocative)
गौतमाः (plural vocative)
गौतमासः1 (plural vocative)

Vṛddhi derivative of गोतम (gótama, “richest in cows”).

vrd

Gautama, husband of Ahalya and one of the Saptarshis.

name of various men, among which:
Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha


कश्यपमीर

kaśyapamīra (romanization)
कश्यपमीरः (nominative singular)
कश्यपमीरौ (dual nominative)
कश्यपमीरा1 (dual nominative)
कश्यपमीराः (nominative plural)
कश्यपमीरासः1 (nominative plural)
कश्यपमीरम् (accusative singular)
कश्यपमीरौ (accusative dual)
कश्यपमीरा1 (accusative dual)
कश्यपमीरान् (accusative plural)
कश्यपमीरेण (instrumental singular)
कश्यपमीराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कश्यपमीरैः (instrumental plural)
कश्यपमीरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कश्यपमीराय (dative singular)
कश्यपमीराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कश्यपमीरेभ्यः (dative plural)
कश्यपमीरात् (ablative singular)
कश्यपमीराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कश्यपमीरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कश्यपमीरस्य (genitive singular)
कश्यपमीरयोः (dual genitive)
कश्यपमीराणाम् (genitive plural)
कश्यपमीरे (locative singular)
कश्यपमीरयोः (dual locative)
कश्यपमीरेषु (locative plural)
कश्यपमीर (singular vocative)
कश्यपमीरौ (dual vocative)
कश्यपमीरा1 (dual vocative)
कश्यपमीराः (plural vocative)
कश्यपमीरासः1 (plural vocative)

desctree

Classical Sanskrit: कश्मीर (kaśmīra)
Assamese: কাশ্মীৰ (kasmir)
Bengali: কাশ্মীর (kaśmir)
Hindustani:
Hindi: कश्मीर (kaśmīr)
Urdu: کشمیر (kaśmīr)
→ English: Kashmir, Cashmere
Persian: کشمیر (kašmir), قشمیر (ghešmir)
Tajik: Кашмир (Kašmir)
→ Chinese: 開司米 /开司米 (kāisīmǐ)
Kannada: ಕಾಶ್ಮೀರ (kāśmīra)
Kashmiri:
Sharada script: 𑆑𑇋𑆯𑆵𑆫
Devanagari script: कऺशीर (kạśīr)
Arabic script: کٔشیٖر (kạśīr)
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ (kaśmīr)
Shahmukhi script: کشمیر (kaśmīr)
Tamil: காஷ்மீர் (kāṣmīr)

Compound of कश्यप (kaśyapa) + मीर (mīra), lit., Kashyapa's lake.


सामवेद

sāmavéda (romanization)
सामवेदः (nominative singular)
सामवेदौ (dual nominative)
सामवेदा1 (dual nominative)
सामवेदाः (nominative plural)
सामवेदासः1 (nominative plural)
सामवेदम् (accusative singular)
सामवेदौ (accusative dual)
सामवेदा1 (accusative dual)
सामवेदान् (accusative plural)
सामवेदेन (instrumental singular)
सामवेदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सामवेदैः (instrumental plural)
सामवेदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सामवेदाय (dative singular)
सामवेदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सामवेदेभ्यः (dative plural)
सामवेदात् (ablative singular)
सामवेदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सामवेदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सामवेदस्य (genitive singular)
सामवेदयोः (dual genitive)
सामवेदानाम् (genitive plural)
सामवेदे (locative singular)
सामवेदयोः (dual locative)
सामवेदेषु (locative plural)
सामवेद (singular vocative)
सामवेदौ (dual vocative)
सामवेदा1 (dual vocative)
सामवेदाः (plural vocative)
सामवेदासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Hindi: सामवेद (sāmved)

→ Kannada: ಸಾಮವೇದ (sāmavēda)

→ Malayalam: സാമവേദം (sāmavēdaṁ)

→ Marathi: सामवेद (sāmved)

→ Old Marathi: 𑘭𑘰𑘦𑘪𑘹𑘟 (sāmaveda)

→ Punjabi: ਸਾਮਵੇਦ (sāmved)

→ Tamil: சாம வேதம் (cāma vētam)

→ Telugu: సామవేదము (sāmavēdamu)

Compound of साम (sā́ma, “song”) + वेद (véda, “knowledge”).

(Hinduism) the Samaveda (see there for all details)


शम्ब

śámba (romanization)
शम्बः (nominative singular)
शम्बौ (dual nominative)
शम्बा1 (dual nominative)
शम्बाः (nominative plural)
शम्बासः1 (nominative plural)
शम्बम् (accusative singular)
शम्बौ (accusative dual)
शम्बा1 (accusative dual)
शम्बान् (accusative plural)
शम्बेन (instrumental singular)
शम्बाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शम्बैः (instrumental plural)
शम्बेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शम्बाय (dative singular)
शम्बाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शम्बेभ्यः (dative plural)
शम्बात् (ablative singular)
शम्बाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शम्बेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शम्बस्य (genitive singular)
शम्बयोः (dual genitive)
शम्बानाम् (genitive plural)
शम्बे (locative singular)
शम्बयोः (dual locative)
शम्बेषु (locative plural)
शम्ब (singular vocative)
शम्बौ (dual vocative)
शम्बा1 (dual vocative)
शम्बाः (plural vocative)
शम्बासः1 (plural vocative)

śambara शम्बर


करिमुख

karimukha (romanization)
करिमुखः (nominative singular)
करिमुखौ (dual nominative)
करिमुखा1 (dual nominative)
करिमुखाः (nominative plural)
करिमुखासः1 (nominative plural)
करिमुखम् (accusative singular)
करिमुखौ (accusative dual)
करिमुखा1 (accusative dual)
करिमुखान् (accusative plural)
करिमुखेण (instrumental singular)
करिमुखाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
करिमुखैः (instrumental plural)
करिमुखेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
करिमुखाय (dative singular)
करिमुखाभ्याम् (dative dual)
करिमुखेभ्यः (dative plural)
करिमुखात् (ablative singular)
करिमुखाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
करिमुखेभ्यः (ablative plural)
करिमुखस्य (genitive singular)
करिमुखयोः (dual genitive)
करिमुखाणाम् (genitive plural)
करिमुखे (locative singular)
करिमुखयोः (dual locative)
करिमुखेषु (locative plural)
करिमुख (singular vocative)
करिमुखौ (dual vocative)
करिमुखा1 (dual vocative)
करिमुखाः (plural vocative)
करिमुखासः1 (plural vocative)


कार्त्तिक

kārttika (romanization)
कार्त्तिकः (nominative singular)
कार्त्तिकौ (dual nominative)
कार्त्तिका1 (dual nominative)
कार्त्तिकाः (nominative plural)
कार्त्तिकासः1 (nominative plural)
कार्त्तिकम् (accusative singular)
कार्त्तिकौ (accusative dual)
कार्त्तिका1 (accusative dual)
कार्त्तिकान् (accusative plural)
कार्त्तिकेन (instrumental singular)
कार्त्तिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कार्त्तिकैः (instrumental plural)
कार्त्तिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कार्त्तिकाय (dative singular)
कार्त्तिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कार्त्तिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
कार्त्तिकात् (ablative singular)
कार्त्तिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कार्त्तिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कार्त्तिकस्य (genitive singular)
कार्त्तिकयोः (dual genitive)
कार्त्तिकानाम् (genitive plural)
कार्त्तिके (locative singular)
कार्त्तिकयोः (dual locative)
कार्त्तिकेषु (locative plural)
कार्त्तिक (singular vocative)
कार्त्तिकौ (dual vocative)
कार्त्तिका1 (dual vocative)
कार्त्तिकाः (plural vocative)
कार्त्तिकासः1 (plural vocative)

Vṛddhi derivative of कृत्तिका (kṛttikā, “cutter”), a variant of कृतिका (kṛtikā), from the root कृत् (kṛt, “to cut”).

vrd

Kartika (eighth month of the Hindu lunar calendar)

name of the first year in Jupiter's period of revolution


वृष्णि

sa-prop

वृष्णि • (vṛṣṇí or vṛ́ṣṇi) stem, m

vṛṣṇí (romanization)
vṛ́ṣṇi (romanization)
वृष्णिः (nominative singular)
वृष्णी (dual nominative)
वृष्णयः (nominative plural)
वृष्णिम् (accusative singular)
वृष्णी (accusative dual)
वृष्णीन् (accusative plural)
वृष्णिना (instrumental singular)
वृष्ण्या1 (instrumental singular)
वृष्णिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृष्णिभिः (instrumental plural)
वृष्णये (dative singular)
वृष्णिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृष्णिभ्यः (dative plural)
वृष्णेः (ablative singular)
वृष्णिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृष्णिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृष्णेः (genitive singular)
वृष्ण्योः (dual genitive)
वृष्णीनाम् (genitive plural)
वृष्णौ (locative singular)
वृष्णा1 (locative singular)
वृष्ण्योः (dual locative)
वृष्णिषु (locative plural)
वृष्णे (singular vocative)
वृष्णी (dual vocative)
वृष्णयः (plural vocative)
वृष्णिः (nominative singular)
वृष्णी (dual nominative)
वृष्णयः (nominative plural)
वृष्णिम् (accusative singular)
वृष्णी (accusative dual)
वृष्णीन् (accusative plural)
वृष्णिना (instrumental singular)
वृष्ण्या1 (instrumental singular)
वृष्णिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृष्णिभिः (instrumental plural)
वृष्णये (dative singular)
वृष्णिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृष्णिभ्यः (dative plural)
वृष्णेः (ablative singular)
वृष्णिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृष्णिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृष्णेः (genitive singular)
वृष्ण्योः (dual genitive)
वृष्णीनाम् (genitive plural)
वृष्णौ (locative singular)
वृष्णा1 (locative singular)
वृष्ण्योः (dual locative)
वृष्णिषु (locative plural)
वृष्णे (singular vocative)
वृष्णी (dual vocative)
वृष्णयः (plural vocative)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥šníš (“ram”), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥sn-í-s, from *wérsēn (“male, manly; male animal”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬥𐬌 (varšni, “ram”). Also related to ऋषभ (ṛṣabha), वृषभ (vṛṣabha, “bull”), Latin verrēs (“boar”).

(Hinduism, historical) Vrishni, legendary king of the Vrishni clan.


आर्यवर्मन्

head

आर्यवर्मन् • (āryavarman)

Tocharian B: Āryawarme

From आर्य (ārya, “noble”) + वर्मन् (varman, “armor, protection”).


मरीयमिपुत्र

marīyamiputra (romanization)
मरीयमिपुत्रः (nominative singular)
मरीयमिपुत्रौ (dual nominative)
मरीयमिपुत्राः (nominative plural)
मरीयमिपुत्रम् (accusative singular)
मरीयमिपुत्रौ (accusative dual)
मरीयमिपुत्रान् (accusative plural)
मरीयमिपुत्रेण (instrumental singular)
मरीयमिपुत्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मरीयमिपुत्रैः (instrumental plural)
मरीयमिपुत्राय (dative singular)
मरीयमिपुत्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मरीयमिपुत्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
मरीयमिपुत्रात् (ablative singular)
मरीयमिपुत्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मरीयमिपुत्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मरीयमिपुत्रस्य (genitive singular)
मरीयमिपुत्रयोः (dual genitive)
मरीयमिपुत्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मरीयमिपुत्रे (locative singular)
मरीयमिपुत्रयोः (dual locative)
मरीयमिपुत्रेषु (locative plural)
मरीयमिपुत्र (singular vocative)
मरीयमिपुत्रौ (dual vocative)
मरीयमिपुत्राः (plural vocative)

From मरीयमि (marīyami, “Mary”) + पुत्र (putrá, “son”). The word मरीयमि (marīyami) is from Hindi मरियम (mariyam), from Arabic مَرْيَم (maryam), from Hebrew מרים (maryam).


मरीयमि

marīyami (romanization)
मरीयमिः (nominative singular)
मरीयमी (dual nominative)
मरीयमयः (nominative plural)
मरीयमिम् (accusative singular)
मरीयमी (accusative dual)
मरीयमीः (accusative plural)
मरीयम्या (instrumental singular)
मरीयमिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मरीयमिभिः (instrumental plural)
मरीयमये (dative singular)
मरीयम्यै1 (dative singular)
मरीयमिभ्याम् (dative dual)
मरीयमिभ्यः (dative plural)
मरीयमेः (ablative singular)
मरीयम्याः1 (ablative singular)
मरीयमिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मरीयमिभ्यः (ablative plural)
मरीयमेः (genitive singular)
मरीयम्याः1 (genitive singular)
मरीयम्योः (dual genitive)
मरीयमीणाम् (genitive plural)
मरीयमौ (locative singular)
मरीयम्याम्1 (locative singular)
मरीयम्योः (dual locative)
मरीयमिषु (locative plural)
मरीयमे (singular vocative)
मरीयमी (dual vocative)
मरीयमयः (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Hindi मरियम (mariyam), from Classical Persian مریم (maryam), from Arabic مَرْيَم (maryam), ultimately a borrowing from Hebrew מרים (maryam).

(New Sanskrit) Mary (the mother of Jesus Christ)


कूट

kū́ṭa (romanization)
कूटः (nominative singular)
कूटौ (dual nominative)
कूटा1 (dual nominative)
कूटाः (nominative plural)
कूटासः1 (nominative plural)
कूटम् (accusative singular)
कूटौ (accusative dual)
कूटा1 (accusative dual)
कूटान् (accusative plural)
कूटेन (instrumental singular)
कूटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कूटैः (instrumental plural)
कूटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कूटाय (dative singular)
कूटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कूटेभ्यः (dative plural)
कूटात् (ablative singular)
कूटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कूटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कूटस्य (genitive singular)
कूटयोः (dual genitive)
कूटानाम् (genitive plural)
कूटे (locative singular)
कूटयोः (dual locative)
कूटेषु (locative plural)
कूट (singular vocative)
कूटौ (dual vocative)
कूटा1 (dual vocative)
कूटाः (plural vocative)
कूटासः1 (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kūṭ-.


श्वसन

śvasaná (romanization)
श्वसनः (nominative singular)
श्वसनौ (dual nominative)
श्वसना1 (dual nominative)
श्वसनाः (nominative plural)
श्वसनासः1 (nominative plural)
श्वसनम् (accusative singular)
श्वसनौ (accusative dual)
श्वसना1 (accusative dual)
श्वसनान् (accusative plural)
श्वसनेन (instrumental singular)
श्वसनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वसनैः (instrumental plural)
श्वसनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्वसनाय (dative singular)
श्वसनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वसनेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्वसनात् (ablative singular)
श्वसनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वसनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्वसनस्य (genitive singular)
श्वसनयोः (dual genitive)
श्वसनानाम् (genitive plural)
श्वसने (locative singular)
श्वसनयोः (dual locative)
श्वसनेषु (locative plural)
श्वसन (singular vocative)
श्वसनौ (dual vocative)
श्वसना1 (dual vocative)
श्वसनाः (plural vocative)
श्वसनासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Hindi: श्वसन (śvasan) (learned)

/ɕʋɐ.sɐ.nɐ́/

/ɕʋɐ.s̪ɐ.n̪ɐ/

From श्वस् (śvas, “to breathe”, root) + -अन (-ana, “-ing”).


हिन्दुस्थान

hindusthāna (romanization)
हिन्दुस्थानम् (nominative singular)
हिन्दुस्थाने (dual nominative)
हिन्दुस्थानानि (nominative plural)
हिन्दुस्थानम् (accusative singular)
हिन्दुस्थाने (accusative dual)
हिन्दुस्थानानि (accusative plural)
हिन्दुस्थानेन (instrumental singular)
हिन्दुस्थानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हिन्दुस्थानैः (instrumental plural)
हिन्दुस्थानाय (dative singular)
हिन्दुस्थानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हिन्दुस्थानेभ्यः (dative plural)
हिन्दुस्थानात् (ablative singular)
हिन्दुस्थानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हिन्दुस्थानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हिन्दुस्थानस्य (genitive singular)
हिन्दुस्थानयोः (dual genitive)
हिन्दुस्थानानाम् (genitive plural)
हिन्दुस्थाने (locative singular)
हिन्दुस्थानयोः (dual locative)
हिन्दुस्थानेषु (locative plural)
हिन्दुस्थान (singular vocative)
हिन्दुस्थाने (dual vocative)
हिन्दुस्थानानि (plural vocative)

Calque of Classical Persian هندوستان (hindūstān). By surface analysis, हिन्दु (hindu, “Hindu”) + स्थान (sthāna, “land, place”).


वामन

vāmaná (romanization)
वामनः (nominative singular)
वामनौ (dual nominative)
वामना1 (dual nominative)
वामनाः (nominative plural)
वामनासः1 (nominative plural)
वामनम् (accusative singular)
वामनौ (accusative dual)
वामना1 (accusative dual)
वामनान् (accusative plural)
वामनेन (instrumental singular)
वामनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वामनैः (instrumental plural)
वामनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वामनाय (dative singular)
वामनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वामनेभ्यः (dative plural)
वामनात् (ablative singular)
वामनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वामनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वामनस्य (genitive singular)
वामनयोः (dual genitive)
वामनानाम् (genitive plural)
वामने (locative singular)
वामनयोः (dual locative)
वामनेषु (locative plural)
वामन (singular vocative)
वामनौ (dual vocative)
वामना1 (dual vocative)
वामनाः (plural vocative)
वामनासः1 (plural vocative)

/ʋɑː.mɐ.nɐ́/

/ʋɑː.mɐ.n̪ɐ/

Maybe levelled from an earlier *वामन् (*vāmán, “deficient, lacking”), from the same origin as ऊन (ūna). See also वाम (vāma, “left”).

(Hinduism) Vāmana (the fifth avatar of Viṣṇu)

name of the elephant that supports the south or west quarter

name of a particular disease of the vagina

name of one of the 18 attendants of the Sun

Jayāpīḍa जयापीड

name of a poet who was the minister under Jayāpīḍa

Kāśikā काशिका

vṛtti वृत्ति

Jayāditya जयादित्य

Kāvyālaṃkāra काव्यालंकार

name of various other scholars and authors (especially of one of the authors of the Kāśikā-vṛtti, the other being Jayāditya, and of the author of the Kāvyālaṃkāra-vṛtti)


वामन

vāmaná (romanization)
वामनम् (nominative singular)
वामने (dual nominative)
वामनानि (nominative plural)
वामना1 (nominative plural)
वामनम् (accusative singular)
वामने (accusative dual)
वामनानि (accusative plural)
वामना1 (accusative plural)
वामनेन (instrumental singular)
वामनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वामनैः (instrumental plural)
वामनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वामनाय (dative singular)
वामनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वामनेभ्यः (dative plural)
वामनात् (ablative singular)
वामनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वामनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वामनस्य (genitive singular)
वामनयोः (dual genitive)
वामनानाम् (genitive plural)
वामने (locative singular)
वामनयोः (dual locative)
वामनेषु (locative plural)
वामन (singular vocative)
वामने (dual vocative)
वामनानि (plural vocative)
वामना1 (plural vocative)

Pali: vāmana

desctree

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀫𑀡 (vāmaṇa)
Hindustani:
Hindi: बौना (baunā)
Urdu: بونا (baunā)
Nepali: बाउन्ने (bāunne)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: वामन (vāman)

Urdu: وامن (vāman)

/ʋɑː.mɐ.nɐ́/

/ʋɑː.mɐ.n̪ɐ/


लोल

lola (romanization)
लोलः (nominative singular)
लोलौ (dual nominative)
लोला1 (dual nominative)
लोलाः (nominative plural)
लोलासः1 (nominative plural)
लोलम् (accusative singular)
लोलौ (accusative dual)
लोला1 (accusative dual)
लोलान् (accusative plural)
लोलेन (instrumental singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोलैः (instrumental plural)
लोलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लोलाय (dative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोलेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोलात् (ablative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोलस्य (genitive singular)
लोलयोः (dual genitive)
लोलानाम् (genitive plural)
लोले (locative singular)
लोलयोः (dual locative)
लोलेषु (locative plural)
लोल (singular vocative)
लोलौ (dual vocative)
लोला1 (dual vocative)
लोलाः (plural vocative)
लोलासः1 (plural vocative)

From the root लुल् (lul, “to move to and fro, roll about, stir”).

Utpalāvartaka उत्पालवर्तक


आर्द्र

ārdrá (romanization)
आर्द्रः (nominative singular)
आर्द्रौ (dual nominative)
आर्द्रा1 (dual nominative)
आर्द्राः (nominative plural)
आर्द्रासः1 (nominative plural)
आर्द्रम् (accusative singular)
आर्द्रौ (accusative dual)
आर्द्रा1 (accusative dual)
आर्द्रान् (accusative plural)
आर्द्रेण (instrumental singular)
आर्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आर्द्रैः (instrumental plural)
आर्द्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आर्द्राय (dative singular)
आर्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
आर्द्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
आर्द्रात् (ablative singular)
आर्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आर्द्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आर्द्रस्य (genitive singular)
आर्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
आर्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
आर्द्रे (locative singular)
आर्द्रयोः (dual locative)
आर्द्रेषु (locative plural)
आर्द्र (singular vocative)
आर्द्रौ (dual vocative)
आर्द्रा1 (dual vocative)
आर्द्राः (plural vocative)
आर्द्रासः1 (plural vocative)

Derived from the root अर्द् (ard, “to dissolve”).


अर्यमा

/ɐɾ.jɐ.mɑ́ː/

अर्यमन् अर्यमन्#Sanskrit

nominative singular of अर्यमन् (aryamán)


सुसंस्कृत

súsaṃskṛta (romanization)
सुसंस्कृतम् (nominative singular)
सुसंस्कृते (dual nominative)
सुसंस्कृतानि (nominative plural)
सुसंस्कृता1 (nominative plural)
सुसंस्कृतम् (accusative singular)
सुसंस्कृते (accusative dual)
सुसंस्कृतानि (accusative plural)
सुसंस्कृता1 (accusative plural)
सुसंस्कृतेन (instrumental singular)
सुसंस्कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सुसंस्कृतैः (instrumental plural)
सुसंस्कृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सुसंस्कृताय (dative singular)
सुसंस्कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
सुसंस्कृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
सुसंस्कृतात् (ablative singular)
सुसंस्कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सुसंस्कृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सुसंस्कृतस्य (genitive singular)
सुसंस्कृतयोः (dual genitive)
सुसंस्कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
सुसंस्कृते (locative singular)
सुसंस्कृतयोः (dual locative)
सुसंस्कृतेषु (locative plural)
सुसंस्कृत (singular vocative)
सुसंस्कृते (dual vocative)
सुसंस्कृतानि (plural vocative)
सुसंस्कृता1 (plural vocative)


कालिय

kāliya (romanization)
कालियः (nominative singular)
कालियौ (dual nominative)
कालिया1 (dual nominative)
कालियाः (nominative plural)
कालियासः1 (nominative plural)
कालियम् (accusative singular)
कालियौ (accusative dual)
कालिया1 (accusative dual)
कालियान् (accusative plural)
कालियेन (instrumental singular)
कालियाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कालियैः (instrumental plural)
कालियेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कालियाय (dative singular)
कालियाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कालियेभ्यः (dative plural)
कालियात् (ablative singular)
कालियाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कालियेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कालियस्य (genitive singular)
कालिययोः (dual genitive)
कालियानाम् (genitive plural)
कालिये (locative singular)
कालिययोः (dual locative)
कालियेषु (locative plural)
कालिय (singular vocative)
कालियौ (dual vocative)
कालिया1 (dual vocative)
कालियाः (plural vocative)
कालियासः1 (plural vocative)

From काल (kāla, “time, blackness, death”).

Kaliya (a poisonous Nāga inhabiting the Yamuna, who was slain by Krishna)

the Kali Yuga (the last and worst of the four yugas or ages, the present age, age of vice)


पूषन्

pūṣán (romanization)
पूषा (nominative singular)
पूषाणौ (dual nominative)
पूषाणा1 (dual nominative)
पूषाणः (nominative plural)
पूषाणम् (accusative singular)
पूषाणौ (accusative dual)
पूषाणा1 (accusative dual)
पूष्णः (accusative plural)
पूष्णा (instrumental singular)
पूषभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पूषभिः (instrumental plural)
पूष्णे (dative singular)
पूषभ्याम् (dative dual)
पूषभ्यः (dative plural)
पूष्णः (ablative singular)
पूषभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पूषभ्यः (ablative plural)
पूष्णः (genitive singular)
पूष्णोः (dual genitive)
पूष्णाम् (genitive plural)
पूष्णि (locative singular)
पूषणि (locative singular)
पूषन्1 (locative singular)
पूष्णोः (dual locative)
पूषसु (locative plural)
पूषन् (singular vocative)
पूषाणौ (dual vocative)
पूषाणा1 (dual vocative)
पूषाणः (plural vocative)
पूषण (alternative)

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀽𑀲 (pūsa)

→ Hindi: पूषण (pūṣaṇ) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *puHšā́, from Proto-Indo-European *Péh₂-usōn, from *peh₂- (“to protect”). Traditionally explained as from the root पूष् (pūṣ, “to nourish”), a possibly fictitious alternative form of पुष् (puṣ).

यो नः॑ पूषन्नघो वृको॑ दुः॒शेव॑ आ॒दिदे॑शति।
अप॑ स्म॒ तं प॒थो ज॑हि॥
yó naḥ pūṣannagho vṛko duḥśéva ādídeśati.
ápa sma táṃ pathó jahi.

If a wicked adversary, Pūṣan, a robber, or one who delights in evil, points out to us the way we ought not to go, do you drive him from the road.

(Vedic religion) Pūṣan (a Vedic solar deity and one of the Ādityas)


पुरुषोत्तम

puruṣottama (romanization)
पुरुषोत्तमः (nominative singular)
पुरुषोत्तमौ (dual nominative)
पुरुषोत्तमाः (nominative plural)
पुरुषोत्तमम् (accusative singular)
पुरुषोत्तमौ (accusative dual)
पुरुषोत्तमान् (accusative plural)
पुरुषोत्तमेन (instrumental singular)
पुरुषोत्तमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुरुषोत्तमैः (instrumental plural)
पुरुषोत्तमाय (dative singular)
पुरुषोत्तमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुरुषोत्तमेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुरुषोत्तमात् (ablative singular)
पुरुषोत्तमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुरुषोत्तमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुरुषोत्तमस्य (genitive singular)
पुरुषोत्तमयोः (dual genitive)
पुरुषोत्तमानाम् (genitive plural)
पुरुषोत्तमे (locative singular)
पुरुषोत्तमयोः (dual locative)
पुरुषोत्तमेषु (locative plural)
पुरुषोत्तम (singular vocative)
पुरुषोत्तमौ (dual vocative)
पुरुषोत्तमाः (plural vocative)

Tatpuruṣa compound of पुरुष (puruṣa, “man”) + उत्तम (uttama, “great”).

com

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

"The Supreme Being", an epithet of Vishnu or Krishna


भल्ल

Related to मल्ल (malla, “wrestler, boxer by profession”).

(in the plural) the name of a tribe of people


लण्ड्र

laṇḍra (romanization)
लण्ड्रः (nominative singular)
लण्ड्रम् (accusative singular)
लण्ड्रेण (instrumental singular)
लण्ड्राय (dative singular)
लण्ड्रात् (ablative singular)
लण्ड्रस्य (genitive singular)
लण्ड्रे (locative singular)
लण्ड्र (singular vocative)

From French Londres, ultimately from Latin Londinium.

(New Sanskrit) London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)


सासु

sa-proper noun form

सासु • (sāsu)

locative plural of सा (sā, “name of Lakshmi or Gauri”)


रमजान

ramajāna (romanization)
रमजानः (nominative singular)
रमजानौ (dual nominative)
रमजानाः (nominative plural)
रमजानम् (accusative singular)
रमजानौ (accusative dual)
रमजानान् (accusative plural)
रमजानेन (instrumental singular)
रमजानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रमजानैः (instrumental plural)
रमजानाय (dative singular)
रमजानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रमजानेभ्यः (dative plural)
रमजानात् (ablative singular)
रमजानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रमजानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रमजानस्य (genitive singular)
रमजानयोः (dual genitive)
रमजानानाम् (genitive plural)
रमजाने (locative singular)
रमजानयोः (dual locative)
रमजानेषु (locative plural)
रमजान (singular vocative)
रमजानौ (dual vocative)
रमजानाः (plural vocative)

/ɾɐ.mɐ.d͡ʑɑː.n̪ɐ/

From Hindustani رمضان / रमज़ान (ramzān, “Ramadan”), phono-semantic translation as रम (Rama, an Indic hero) + जान (jāna, birth).


रमजानमास

ramajānamāsa (romanization)
रमजानमासः (nominative singular)
रमजानमासौ (dual nominative)
रमजानमासाः (nominative plural)
रमजानमासम् (accusative singular)
रमजानमासौ (accusative dual)
रमजानमासान् (accusative plural)
रमजानमासेन (instrumental singular)
रमजानमासाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रमजानमासैः (instrumental plural)
रमजानमासाय (dative singular)
रमजानमासाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रमजानमासेभ्यः (dative plural)
रमजानमासात् (ablative singular)
रमजानमासाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रमजानमासेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रमजानमासस्य (genitive singular)
रमजानमासयोः (dual genitive)
रमजानमासानाम् (genitive plural)
रमजानमासे (locative singular)
रमजानमासयोः (dual locative)
रमजानमासेषु (locative plural)
रमजानमास (singular vocative)
रमजानमासौ (dual vocative)
रमजानमासाः (plural vocative)

/ɾɐ.mɐ.d͡ʑɑː.n̪ɐ.mɑː.s̪ɐ/

From रमजान (ramajāna, “Ramadan”) + मास (mā́sa, “month”).

com

(New Sanskrit, neologism, Islam) Ramadan


आषाढ

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: आसाढ़ (āsāṛh)

Urdu: آساڑھ (āsāṛh)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Assamese: আহাৰ (ahar)

Sylheti: ꠀꠠ (aáṛ)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: असार (asār), आसार (āsār)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: ahāṛh

Gurmukhi script: ਅਹਾੜ੍ਹ

Shahmukhi script: اہاڑھ

Sindhi: āhāṛh

Devanagari script: आहाढ़

Arabic script: آهاڙھ

→ Hindi: आषाढ़ (āṣāṛh) (learned)

→ Nepali: आषाढ (āṣāḍh) (learned)

→ Sindhi: آکاڙھ (learned)

desc

→ Malayalam: ആഷാഢം (āṣāḍhaṁ), ആടി (āṭi) — tadbhava

→ Tamil: ஆடி (āṭi)

→ Tulu: ಆಟಿ (āṭi), ആടി (āṭi)

/ɑː.ʂɑː.ɖʱɐ/

/ɑː.ʂɑː.ɖʱɐ/

(Hinduism) The fourth month of the Hindu lunar calendar


पुरंदर

puraṃdará (romanization)
पुरंदरः (nominative singular)
पुरंदरौ (dual nominative)
पुरंदरा1 (dual nominative)
पुरंदराः (nominative plural)
पुरंदरासः1 (nominative plural)
पुरंदरम् (accusative singular)
पुरंदरौ (accusative dual)
पुरंदरा1 (accusative dual)
पुरंदरान् (accusative plural)
पुरंदरेण (instrumental singular)
पुरंदराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुरंदरैः (instrumental plural)
पुरंदरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पुरंदराय (dative singular)
पुरंदराभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुरंदरेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुरंदरात् (ablative singular)
पुरंदराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुरंदरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुरंदरस्य (genitive singular)
पुरंदरयोः (dual genitive)
पुरंदराणाम् (genitive plural)
पुरंदरे (locative singular)
पुरंदरयोः (dual locative)
पुरंदरेषु (locative plural)
पुरंदर (singular vocative)
पुरंदरौ (dual vocative)
पुरंदरा1 (dual vocative)
पुरंदराः (plural vocative)
पुरंदरासः1 (plural vocative)

पुरम् (puram, accusative singular of पुर् (pur, “fortress, stronghold, castle”)) + दर (dara, “breaking, destroying, cleaving”).

af

accusative singular of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">पुर्</i> (pur, “fortress, stronghold, castle”)

स वृत्रहेन्द्रः कृष्णयोनीः पुरंदरो दासीरैरयद्वि ।
अजनयन्मनवे क्षामपश्च सत्रा शंसं यजमानस्य तूतोत् ॥
sa vṛtrahendraḥ kṛṣṇayonīḥ puraṃdaro dāsīrairayadvi.
ajanayanmanave kṣāmapaśca satrā śaṃsaṃ yajamānasya tūtot.

For men hath he created earth and waters, and ever helped the prayer of him who worships.

Indra the Vṛtra-slayer, Fort-destroyer, scattered the Dāsa hosts who dwelt in darkness.

"destroyer of forts/strongholds"; an epithet of Indra


द्रमिल

dramila (romanization)
द्रमिलः (nominative singular)
द्रमिलौ (dual nominative)
द्रमिला1 (dual nominative)
द्रमिलाः (nominative plural)
द्रमिलासः1 (nominative plural)
द्रमिलम् (accusative singular)
द्रमिलौ (accusative dual)
द्रमिला1 (accusative dual)
द्रमिलान् (accusative plural)
द्रमिलेन (instrumental singular)
द्रमिलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्रमिलैः (instrumental plural)
द्रमिलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
द्रमिलाय (dative singular)
द्रमिलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्रमिलेभ्यः (dative plural)
द्रमिलात् (ablative singular)
द्रमिलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्रमिलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
द्रमिलस्य (genitive singular)
द्रमिलयोः (dual genitive)
द्रमिलानाम् (genitive plural)
द्रमिले (locative singular)
द्रमिलयोः (dual locative)
द्रमिलेषु (locative plural)
द्रमिल (singular vocative)
द्रमिलौ (dual vocative)
द्रमिला1 (dual vocative)
द्रमिलाः (plural vocative)
द्रमिलासः1 (plural vocative)
द्रमिड (alternative)

Sanskritized from Prakrit 𑀤𑀫𑀺𑀮 (damila), most likely borrowed from an older form of Tamil தமிழ் (tamiḻ, “Tamil”).

द्रविड द्रविड#Sanskrit


द्रमिड

dramiḍa (romanization)
द्रमिडः (nominative singular)
द्रमिडौ (dual nominative)
द्रमिडा1 (dual nominative)
द्रमिडाः (nominative plural)
द्रमिडासः1 (nominative plural)
द्रमिडम् (accusative singular)
द्रमिडौ (accusative dual)
द्रमिडा1 (accusative dual)
द्रमिडान् (accusative plural)
द्रमिडेन (instrumental singular)
द्रमिडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्रमिडैः (instrumental plural)
द्रमिडेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
द्रमिडाय (dative singular)
द्रमिडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्रमिडेभ्यः (dative plural)
द्रमिडात् (ablative singular)
द्रमिडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्रमिडेभ्यः (ablative plural)
द्रमिडस्य (genitive singular)
द्रमिडयोः (dual genitive)
द्रमिडानाम् (genitive plural)
द्रमिडे (locative singular)
द्रमिडयोः (dual locative)
द्रमिडेषु (locative plural)
द्रमिड (singular vocative)
द्रमिडौ (dual vocative)
द्रमिडा1 (dual vocative)
द्रमिडाः (plural vocative)
द्रमिडासः1 (plural vocative)

द्रमिल द्रमिल#Sanskrit


भगवद्गीता

bhagavadgītā́ (romanization)
भगवद्गीता (nominative singular)
भगवद्गीते (dual nominative)
भगवद्गीताः (nominative plural)
भगवद्गीताम् (accusative singular)
भगवद्गीते (accusative dual)
भगवद्गीताः (accusative plural)
भगवद्गीतया (instrumental singular)
भगवद्गीता1 (instrumental singular)
भगवद्गीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भगवद्गीताभिः (instrumental plural)
भगवद्गीतायै (dative singular)
भगवद्गीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
भगवद्गीताभ्यः (dative plural)
भगवद्गीतायाः (ablative singular)
भगवद्गीतायै2 (ablative singular)
भगवद्गीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भगवद्गीताभ्यः (ablative plural)
भगवद्गीतायाः (genitive singular)
भगवद्गीतायै2 (genitive singular)
भगवद्गीतयोः (dual genitive)
भगवद्गीतानाम् (genitive plural)
भगवद्गीतायाम् (locative singular)
भगवद्गीतयोः (dual locative)
भगवद्गीतासु (locative plural)
भगवद्गीते (singular vocative)
भगवद्गीते (dual vocative)
भगवद्गीताः (plural vocative)

/bʱɐ.ɡɐ.ʋɐd.ɡiː.tɑ́ː/

[bʱɐ.ɡɐ.ʋɐd̚.ɡiː.tɑ́ː]

/bʱɐ.ɡɐ.ʋɐd̪.ɡiː.t̪ɑː/

[bʱɐ.ɡɐ.ʋɐd̪̚.ɡiː.t̪ɑː]

Compound of भगवत् (bhágavat, “divine”) + गीता (gītā́, “song”).


पुरन्दर

purandará (romanization)
पुरन्दरः (nominative singular)
पुरन्दरम् (accusative singular)
पुरन्दरेण (instrumental singular)
पुरन्दराय (dative singular)
पुरन्दरात् (ablative singular)
पुरन्दरस्य (genitive singular)
पुरन्दरे (locative singular)
पुरन्दर (singular vocative)

pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling

पुरंदर पुरंदर#Sanskrit

pronunciation spelling of पुरंदर (puraṃdará, “Indra”)


मुण्डस्

sa-proper noun form

मुण्डस् • (muṇḍas)

मुण्ड मुण्ड#Sanskrit

masculine nominative singular of मुण्ड (muṇḍa)


अनल

Of Dravidian origin; compare Tamil அனல் (aṉal). Said by some to be from अन् (an, “to breathe, gasp, move, go, live”, root), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”).

der

(astronomy) the fiftieth year of Jupiter's cycle


𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝

प्राकृत प्राकृत#Sanskrit


कौरव

kaúrava (romanization)
कौरवः (nominative singular)
कौरवौ (dual nominative)
कौरवा1 (dual nominative)
कौरवाः (nominative plural)
कौरवासः1 (nominative plural)
कौरवम् (accusative singular)
कौरवौ (accusative dual)
कौरवा1 (accusative dual)
कौरवान् (accusative plural)
कौरवेण (instrumental singular)
कौरवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कौरवैः (instrumental plural)
कौरवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कौरवाय (dative singular)
कौरवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कौरवेभ्यः (dative plural)
कौरवात् (ablative singular)
कौरवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कौरवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कौरवस्य (genitive singular)
कौरवयोः (dual genitive)
कौरवाणाम् (genitive plural)
कौरवे (locative singular)
कौरवयोः (dual locative)
कौरवेषु (locative plural)
कौरव (singular vocative)
कौरवौ (dual vocative)
कौरवा1 (dual vocative)
कौरवाः (plural vocative)
कौरवासः1 (plural vocative)

/kɑːw.ɾɐ.ʋɐ/


शकमुरुण्ड

śakamuruṇḍa (romanization)
शकमुरुण्डः (nominative singular)
शकमुरुण्डौ (dual nominative)
शकमुरुण्डाः (nominative plural)
शकमुरुण्डम् (accusative singular)
शकमुरुण्डौ (accusative dual)
शकमुरुण्डान् (accusative plural)
शकमुरुण्डेन (instrumental singular)
शकमुरुण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शकमुरुण्डैः (instrumental plural)
शकमुरुण्डाय (dative singular)
शकमुरुण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शकमुरुण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
शकमुरुण्डात् (ablative singular)
शकमुरुण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शकमुरुण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शकमुरुण्डस्य (genitive singular)
शकमुरुण्डयोः (dual genitive)
शकमुरुण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
शकमुरुण्डे (locative singular)
शकमुरुण्डयोः (dual locative)
शकमुरुण्डेषु (locative plural)
शकमुरुण्ड (singular vocative)
शकमुरुण्डौ (dual vocative)
शकमुरुण्डाः (plural vocative)

From शक (śaka, “Scythians, Sacae, Saka”) + मुरुण्ड (muruṇḍa), from a Proto-Saka name *Sakā mravantaʰ (literally “Saka lords”).
Equivalent in meaning to but not cognates with Ancient Greek Σακαραῦκαι (Sakaraûkai) and Middle Chinese 塞旺 (MC sojH|sok hjwangH).

com

(Epigraphic Sanskrit) name of a Scythian people who invaded Bactria and Gandhara


𑀰𑀓𑀫𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀟

शकमुरुण्ड शकमुरुण्ड#Sanskrit


उषवदात

head

उषवदात • (Uṣavadāta)

From Scythian *R̥śvadāta (“rightly created”), composed of Scythian *r̥śva (“right”) (cf. Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬬𐬀 (ər^əšva, “right”)) + Scythian *dāta (“created”) (cf. Khotanese [script needed] (dāta, “placed, established, law”)).

cog

(Epigraphic Sanskrit) a male given name, Ushavadata, from Scythian, son-in-law of the Indo-Scythian satrap Nahapana


𑀉𑀱𑀯𑀤𑀸𑀢

उषवदात उषवदात#Sanskrit


उलान

From Scythian *Ulāna (“high born”), composed of a cognate of Khotanese ula (“up”) + Scythian *-āna (“suffix”).

(Epigraphic Sanskrit) a male given name, Ulana, from Scythian, an Indo-Scythian general


त्र्यम्बक

tryàmbaka (romanization)
metrical Vedic tríyambaka (romanization)
त्र्यम्बकः (nominative singular)
त्र्यम्बकौ (dual nominative)
त्र्यम्बका1 (dual nominative)
त्र्यम्बकाः (nominative plural)
त्र्यम्बकासः1 (nominative plural)
त्र्यम्बकम् (accusative singular)
त्र्यम्बकौ (accusative dual)
त्र्यम्बका1 (accusative dual)
त्र्यम्बकान् (accusative plural)
त्र्यम्बकेण (instrumental singular)
त्र्यम्बकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
त्र्यम्बकैः (instrumental plural)
त्र्यम्बकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
त्र्यम्बकाय (dative singular)
त्र्यम्बकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
त्र्यम्बकेभ्यः (dative plural)
त्र्यम्बकात् (ablative singular)
त्र्यम्बकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
त्र्यम्बकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
त्र्यम्बकस्य (genitive singular)
त्र्यम्बकयोः (dual genitive)
त्र्यम्बकाणाम् (genitive plural)
त्र्यम्बके (locative singular)
त्र्यम्बकयोः (dual locative)
त्र्यम्बकेषु (locative plural)
त्र्यम्बक (singular vocative)
त्र्यम्बकौ (dual vocative)
त्र्यम्बका1 (dual vocative)
त्र्यम्बकाः (plural vocative)
त्र्यम्बकासः1 (plural vocative)

From त्रि (tri, “three”) + अम्बा (ambā, “mother”) + क (ka); originally meaning "having three mothers". The name was later reinterpreted as "having three eyes".

af

त्र्य॑म्बकं यजामहे सु॒गन्धिं॑ पुष्टि॒वर्ध॑नम्।
उ॒र्वा॒रु॒कम् इ॑व॒ बन्ध॑नान् मृ॒त्योर् मु॑क्षीय॒ मामृता॑त्॥
tryàmbakaṃ yajāmahe sugándhiṃ puṣṭivárdhanam.

1896 translation by Ralph T. H. Griffith
Tryambaka we worship, the sweet augmenter of prosperity.
As from its stem the cucumber, so may I be released from death, not reft of immortality.

urvārukám iva bándhanān mṛtyór mukṣīya mā́mṛ́tāt.

स तप्यमानः सुमहत् तपो योगसमन्वितः ।
आससाद महात्मानं त्र्यक्षं त्रिपुरमर्दनम् ॥
शंकरं भवम् ईशानं पिनाकिं शूलपाणिनम् ।
त्र्यम्बकं शिवम् उग्रेशं बहुरूपम् उमापतिम् ॥
sa tapyamānaḥ sumahat tapo yogasamanvitaḥ.
āsasāda mahātmānaṃ tryakṣaṃ tripuramardanam.
śaṃkaraṃ bhavam īśānaṃ pinākiṃ śūlapāṇinam.
tryambakaṃ śivam ugreśaṃ bahurūpam umāpatim.
And being engaged in the practice of rigid austerities, and (also) engaged in the contemplation known by the name of Yoga, he obtained the sight of the magnanimous God with three eyes--the slayer of Tripurasura; [also known as] Śaṃkara, Bhava, Īśāna; the holder of the Pinaka bow; carrying in his hand his (well-known weapon)--the trident; [also known as] Tryambaka [and] Śiva; the ruler of all those that are fierce; capable of assuming very many forms; and the lord of the goddess Uma.

c. 900 CE – 1300, Śiva Purāṇa


𑀯𑀺𑀰𑁆𑀯𑀲𑀺𑀓

viśvasika (romanization)
𑀯𑀺𑀰𑁆𑀯𑀰𑀺𑀓 (alternative)

From an earlier form *Vayaspasika, ultimately from Scythian *Bagaspasika (literally “servant of God/the Lord”), composed of a cognate of Khotanese vvūv (“lord”), from Iranian *Baga (cf. Old Persian 𐏎 (Baga)) + a cognate of Khotanese spaśś (“to look”), spaśa (“observer”).
Compare with the Indo-Scythian proper names 𐨬𐨅𐨭𐨿𐨤𐨭𐨁𐨀 (veśpaśia), 𐨬𐨅𐨭𐨿𐨤𐨭𐨁 (veśpaśi), and 𐨤𐨁𐨭𐨿𐨤𐨯𐨿𐨪𐨁 (piśpasri).

(Epigraphic Sanskrit) An Indo-Scythian title


𑀯𑀺𑀰𑁆𑀯𑀰𑀺𑀓

viśvaśika (romanization)
𑀯𑀺𑀰𑁆𑀯𑀲𑀺𑀓 (alternative)


होरमुर्ण्डग

From Scythian *Horamrundaka (“lord of gifts”), composed of a cognate of Khotanese hora, haura (“gift”) + Scythian *mrund (literally “lord, king”) (cf. Khotanese rrund). Equivalent of the Sanskrit title दानपति (dānapati) and the Pali title dānapati.
Compare with 𐨱𐨆𐨪𐨨𐨂𐨪𐨿𐨟 (horamurta) and 𐨱𐨆𐨪𐨐 (horaka).

(Epigraphic Sanskrit) a male given name, Horamurṇḍaga, from Scythian, name of an Indo-Scythian Buddhist donor


ರುದ್ರ

रुद्र रुद्र#Sanskrit


वृत्रहा

/ʋr̩t.ɾɐ.ɦɑ́ː/

/ʋr̩t̪.ɾɐ.ɦɑː/

वृत्रहन् वृत्रहन्#Sanskrit

nominative singular of वृत्रहन् (vṛtrahán, “Indra”)


वृत्रहन्ता

/ʋr̩t̪.ɾɐ.ɦɐn̪.t̪ɑː/

वृत्रहन्तृ वृत्रहन्तृ#Sanskrit

nominative singular of वृत्रहन्तृ (vṛtrahantṛ)


शक्र

śakrá (romanization)
शक्रः (nominative singular)
शक्रौ (dual nominative)
शक्रा1 (dual nominative)
शक्राः (nominative plural)
शक्रासः1 (nominative plural)
शक्रम् (accusative singular)
शक्रौ (accusative dual)
शक्रा1 (accusative dual)
शक्रान् (accusative plural)
शक्रेण (instrumental singular)
शक्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शक्रैः (instrumental plural)
शक्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शक्राय (dative singular)
शक्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
शक्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
शक्रात् (ablative singular)
शक्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शक्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शक्रस्य (genitive singular)
शक्रयोः (dual genitive)
शक्राणाम् (genitive plural)
शक्रे (locative singular)
शक्रयोः (dual locative)
शक्रेषु (locative plural)
शक्र (singular vocative)
शक्रौ (dual vocative)
शक्रा1 (dual vocative)
शक्राः (plural vocative)
शक्रासः1 (plural vocative)

Pali: sakka

Prakrit: सक्क (sakka)

From the root शक् (śak, “to be strong, powerful, capable”) + -र (-ra, “adjectival suffix”).

sa-root

वी॒रेण्यः॒ क्रतु॒रिन्द्रः॑ सुश॒स्तिरु॒तापि॒ धेना॑ पुरुहू॒तमी॑ट्टे।
आर्द॑यद्वृ॒त्रमकृ॑णोदु लो॒कं स॑सा॒हे श॒क्रः पृत॑ना अभि॒ष्टिः॥
vīréṇyaḥ kráturíndraḥ suśastírutā́pi dhénā puruhūtámīṭṭe.
ā́rdayadvṛtrámákṛṇodu lokáṃ sasāhé śakráḥ pṛ́tanā abhiṣṭíḥ.
Heroic power and noble praise is Indra yea, the song worships him invoked of many.

Vṛtra he quelled, and gave men room and freedom: Śakra, victorious, hath conquered armies.

तं गोपायति राजेन्द्र शक्रः शरणमागतम्।
तेन संस्तम्भितः सर्पस्तस्मान्नाग्नौ पतत्यसौ॥
taṃ gopāyati rājendra śakraḥ śaraṇamāgatam.
tena saṃstambhitaḥ sarpastasmānnāgnau patatyasau.
[The Brāhmaṇas replied:] O best of kings, he [the snake Takṣaka] has not fallen into the fire because he is being protected by Indra, whom he has approached for shelter. Indra is holding him back from the fire.

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 12.6.19

दूरभारोद्वहश्रान्ताः शक्रवैरोचनादयः।
अपारयन्तस्तं वोढुं विवशा विजहुः पथि॥
dūrabhārodvahaśrāntāḥ śakravairocanādayaḥ.
apārayantastaṃ voḍhuṃ vivaśā vijahuḥ pathi.
Because of conveying the great mountain for a long distance, Indra, Vairocana [son of Virocana, Mahābali] and the other demigods and demons became fatigued. Being unable to carry the mountain, they left it on the way.

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 8.6.34

(Buddhism) Śakra (Buddhism equivalent of Indra)


अक्षितोति

ákṣitoti (romanization)
अक्षितोतिः (nominative singular)
अक्षितोती (dual nominative)
अक्षितोतयः (nominative plural)
अक्षितोतिम् (accusative singular)
अक्षितोती (accusative dual)
अक्षितोतीन् (accusative plural)
अक्षितोतिना (instrumental singular)
अक्षितोत्या1 (instrumental singular)
अक्षितोतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अक्षितोतिभिः (instrumental plural)
अक्षितोतये (dative singular)
अक्षितोतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अक्षितोतिभ्यः (dative plural)
अक्षितोतेः (ablative singular)
अक्षितोत्यः1 (ablative singular)
अक्षितोतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अक्षितोतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अक्षितोतेः (genitive singular)
अक्षितोत्यः1 (genitive singular)
अक्षितोत्योः (dual genitive)
अक्षितोतीनाम् (genitive plural)
अक्षितोतौ (locative singular)
अक्षितोता1 (locative singular)
अक्षितोत्योः (dual locative)
अक्षितोतिषु (locative plural)
अक्षितोते (singular vocative)
अक्षितोती (dual vocative)
अक्षितोतयः (plural vocative)

Compound of अक्षित (ákṣita, “permanent”) + ऊति (ūtí, “help”), literally “[who gives] permanent help; who always helps”.

com

􂀿who gives􂁀 permanent help; who always helps

अक्षि॑तोतिः सनेदि॒मं वाज॒मिन्द्रः॑ सह॒स्रिण॑म्। यस्मि॒न्विश्वा॑नि॒ पौंस्या॑॥
ákṣitotiḥ sanedimáṃ vā́jamíndraḥ sahasríṇam. yásminvíśvāni paúṃsyā

Akṣitoti, whose succour never fails, accept these viands thousandfold, wherein all manly powers abide.

(Vedic religion, Hinduism) an epithet of Indra


सहस्रनेत्र

sahasranetra (romanization)
सहस्रनेत्रः (nominative singular)
सहस्रनेत्रम् (accusative singular)
सहस्रनेत्रेण (instrumental singular)
सहस्रनेत्राय (dative singular)
सहस्रनेत्रात् (ablative singular)
सहस्रनेत्रस्य (genitive singular)
सहस्रनेत्रे (locative singular)
सहस्रनेत्र (singular vocative)

/s̪ɐ.ɦɐs̪.ɾɐ.n̪eːt̪.ɾɐ/

Compound of सहस्र (sahasra, “thousand”) + नेत्र (netra, “eye”). Indra was given the title after he was cursed by Gautama for adultery with Ahalya; the curse was for a thousand vulvae to appear on his body, which later became eyes.


वज्रहस्त

vájrahasta (romanization)
वज्रहस्तः (nominative singular)
वज्रहस्तौ (dual nominative)
वज्रहस्ता1 (dual nominative)
वज्रहस्ताः (nominative plural)
वज्रहस्तासः1 (nominative plural)
वज्रहस्तम् (accusative singular)
वज्रहस्तौ (accusative dual)
वज्रहस्ता1 (accusative dual)
वज्रहस्तान् (accusative plural)
वज्रहस्तेन (instrumental singular)
वज्रहस्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वज्रहस्तैः (instrumental plural)
वज्रहस्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वज्रहस्ताय (dative singular)
वज्रहस्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वज्रहस्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
वज्रहस्तात् (ablative singular)
वज्रहस्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वज्रहस्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वज्रहस्तस्य (genitive singular)
वज्रहस्तयोः (dual genitive)
वज्रहस्तानाम् (genitive plural)
वज्रहस्ते (locative singular)
वज्रहस्तयोः (dual locative)
वज्रहस्तेषु (locative plural)
वज्रहस्त (singular vocative)
वज्रहस्तौ (dual vocative)
वज्रहस्ता1 (dual vocative)
वज्रहस्ताः (plural vocative)
वज्रहस्तासः1 (plural vocative)

/ʋɐ́d͡ʑ.ɾɐ.ɦɐs.tɐ/

/ʋɐd͡ʑ.ɾɐ.ɦɐs̪.t̪ɐ/

Compound of वज्र (vájra, “thunderbolt”) + हस्त (hásta, “hand”), literally “having the thunderbold in the hand”.


मेढ्रज

meḍhraja (romanization)
मेढ्रजः (nominative singular)
मेढ्रजौ (dual nominative)
मेढ्रजा1 (dual nominative)
मेढ्रजाः (nominative plural)
मेढ्रजासः1 (nominative plural)
मेढ्रजम् (accusative singular)
मेढ्रजौ (accusative dual)
मेढ्रजा1 (accusative dual)
मेढ्रजान् (accusative plural)
मेढ्रजेन (instrumental singular)
मेढ्रजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेढ्रजैः (instrumental plural)
मेढ्रजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मेढ्रजाय (dative singular)
मेढ्रजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेढ्रजेभ्यः (dative plural)
मेढ्रजात् (ablative singular)
मेढ्रजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेढ्रजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेढ्रजस्य (genitive singular)
मेढ्रजयोः (dual genitive)
मेढ्रजानाम् (genitive plural)
मेढ्रजे (locative singular)
मेढ्रजयोः (dual locative)
मेढ्रजेषु (locative plural)
मेढ्रज (singular vocative)
मेढ्रजौ (dual vocative)
मेढ्रजा1 (dual vocative)
मेढ्रजाः (plural vocative)
मेढ्रजासः1 (plural vocative)

/mɐjɖʱ.ɾɐ.d͡ʑɐ/

/meːɖʱ.ɾɐ.d͡ʑɐ/

Compound of मेढ्र (méḍhra, “penis”) + ज (já, “born”), literally “born from the penis”.

(Hinduism) an epithet of Shiva, from the belief that he originated from a lingam


कृच्छ्रम्

[kr̩t̚.t͡ɕʰɾɐ́m]

[kr̩t̪̚.t͡ɕʰɾɐm]

कृच्छ्र कृच्छ्र#Sanskrit

accusative singular of कृच्छ्र (kṛcchrá, “Vishnu”)


आकाशेश

sa-prop

आकाशेश • (ākāśeśá) stem, m

ākāśeśá (romanization)
आकाशेशः (nominative singular)
आकाशेशौ (dual nominative)
आकाशेशा1 (dual nominative)
आकाशेशाः (nominative plural)
आकाशेशासः1 (nominative plural)
आकाशेशम् (accusative singular)
आकाशेशौ (accusative dual)
आकाशेशा1 (accusative dual)
आकाशेशान् (accusative plural)
आकाशेशेन (instrumental singular)
आकाशेशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आकाशेशैः (instrumental plural)
आकाशेशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आकाशेशाय (dative singular)
आकाशेशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आकाशेशेभ्यः (dative plural)
आकाशेशात् (ablative singular)
आकाशेशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आकाशेशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आकाशेशस्य (genitive singular)
आकाशेशयोः (dual genitive)
आकाशेशानाम् (genitive plural)
आकाशेशे (locative singular)
आकाशेशयोः (dual locative)
आकाशेशेषु (locative plural)
आकाशेश (singular vocative)
आकाशेशौ (dual vocative)
आकाशेशा1 (dual vocative)
आकाशेशाः (plural vocative)
आकाशेशासः1 (plural vocative)

/ɑː.kɑː.ɕɐj.ɕɐ́/

/ɑː.kɑː.ɕeː.ɕɐ/

Compound of आकाश (ākāśá, “sky; emptiness”) + ईश (īśá, “possessing; lord”).

com+

(Hinduism, Vedic religion) "lord of the sky" an epithet of Indra


कृच्छ्रे

sa-proper noun form

कृच्छ्रे • (kṛcchre) m

[kr̩t̪̚.t͡ɕʰɾeː]

कृच्छ्र कृच्छ्र#Sanskrit


सुराधिप

surādhipa (romanization)
सुराधिपः (nominative singular)
सुराधिपौ (dual nominative)
सुराधिपा1 (dual nominative)
सुराधिपाः (nominative plural)
सुराधिपासः1 (nominative plural)
सुराधिपम् (accusative singular)
सुराधिपौ (accusative dual)
सुराधिपा1 (accusative dual)
सुराधिपान् (accusative plural)
सुराधिपेन (instrumental singular)
सुराधिपाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सुराधिपैः (instrumental plural)
सुराधिपेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सुराधिपाय (dative singular)
सुराधिपाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सुराधिपेभ्यः (dative plural)
सुराधिपात् (ablative singular)
सुराधिपाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सुराधिपेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सुराधिपस्य (genitive singular)
सुराधिपयोः (dual genitive)
सुराधिपानाम् (genitive plural)
सुराधिपे (locative singular)
सुराधिपयोः (dual locative)
सुराधिपेषु (locative plural)
सुराधिप (singular vocative)
सुराधिपौ (dual vocative)
सुराधिपा1 (dual vocative)
सुराधिपाः (plural vocative)
सुराधिपासः1 (plural vocative)

From सुर (sura, “god, deva”) + अधिप (adhipa, “king, lord”).

af

सुरभेरिमामवस्थां दृष्ट्वा सुरधिपः तामपृच्छत्-
surabherimāmavasthāṃ dṛṣṭvā suradhipaḥ tāmapṛcchat-

Seeing this state of the holy mother cow, Indra asked her-

Monier Williams
w:Monier Monier-Williams

Clarendon Press
w:Oxford University Press


सुराधिपस्

सुराधिप सुराधिप#Sanskrit

nominative singular of सुराधिप (surādhipa, “Indra”)


नक्र

Of Dravidian origin, ultimately from Proto-South Dravidian *nekVḷ; compare Kannada ನೆಗಳೆ (negaḷe).


ऐन्दव

aindava (romanization)
ऐन्दवः (nominative singular)
ऐन्दवौ (dual nominative)
ऐन्दवाः (nominative plural)
ऐन्दवम् (accusative singular)
ऐन्दवौ (accusative dual)
ऐन्दवान् (accusative plural)
ऐन्दवेन (instrumental singular)
ऐन्दवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऐन्दवैः (instrumental plural)
ऐन्दवाय (dative singular)
ऐन्दवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऐन्दवेभ्यः (dative plural)
ऐन्दवात् (ablative singular)
ऐन्दवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऐन्दवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऐन्दवस्य (genitive singular)
ऐन्दवयोः (dual genitive)
ऐन्दवानाम् (genitive plural)
ऐन्दवे (locative singular)
ऐन्दवयोः (dual locative)
ऐन्दवेषु (locative plural)
ऐन्दव (singular vocative)
ऐन्दवौ (dual vocative)
ऐन्दवाः (plural vocative)

Vṛddhi derivative of इन्दु (índu, “Moon”). Attested in Classical Sanskrit.


𑀭𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀬𑀡

रामायण रामायण#Sanskrit

Brahmi script form of रामायण (“Ramayana”)


गङ्गाधर

gaṅgādhara (romanization)
गङ्गाधरः (nominative singular)
गङ्गाधरम् (accusative singular)
गङ्गाधरेण (instrumental singular)
गङ्गाधराय (dative singular)
गङ्गाधरात् (ablative singular)
गङ्गाधरस्य (genitive singular)
गङ्गाधरे (locative singular)
गङ्गाधर (singular vocative)

→ Bengali: গঙ্গাধর (goṅgadhor)

→ Gujarati: ગંગાધર (gaṅgādhar)

→ Hindi: गंगाधर (gaṅgādhar)

→ Kannada: ಗಂಗಾಧರ (gaṅgādhara)

→ Marathi: गंगाधर (gaṅgādhar)

→ Tamil: கங்காதரன் (kaṅkātaraṉ)

→ Telugu: గంగాధరుడు (gaṅgādharuḍu)

/ɡɐŋ.ɡɑː.d̪ʱɐ.ɾɐ/

Compound of गङ्गा (gaṅgā, “Ganges”) + धर (dhara, “holding, bearing, supporting”), (referring to the Hindu belief that the Ganges flows through the matted locks of Shiva's hair).

n-g

(Hinduism) "holder of the Ganges", an epithet of Shiva


चान्द्रायण

cāndrāyaṇa (romanization)
चान्द्रायणः (nominative singular)
चान्द्रायणौ (dual nominative)
चान्द्रायणाः (nominative plural)
चान्द्रायणम् (accusative singular)
चान्द्रायणौ (accusative dual)
चान्द्रायणान् (accusative plural)
चान्द्रायणेन (instrumental singular)
चान्द्रायणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चान्द्रायणैः (instrumental plural)
चान्द्रायणाय (dative singular)
चान्द्रायणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चान्द्रायणेभ्यः (dative plural)
चान्द्रायणात् (ablative singular)
चान्द्रायणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चान्द्रायणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चान्द्रायणस्य (genitive singular)
चान्द्रायणयोः (dual genitive)
चान्द्रायणानाम् (genitive plural)
चान्द्रायणे (locative singular)
चान्द्रायणयोः (dual locative)
चान्द्रायणेषु (locative plural)
चान्द्रायण (singular vocative)
चान्द्रायणौ (dual vocative)
चान्द्रायणाः (plural vocative)
चान्द्रायणम् (nominative singular)
चान्द्रायणे (dual nominative)
चान्द्रायणानि (nominative plural)
चान्द्रायणम् (accusative singular)
चान्द्रायणे (accusative dual)
चान्द्रायणानि (accusative plural)
चान्द्रायणेन (instrumental singular)
चान्द्रायणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चान्द्रायणैः (instrumental plural)
चान्द्रायणाय (dative singular)
चान्द्रायणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चान्द्रायणेभ्यः (dative plural)
चान्द्रायणात् (ablative singular)
चान्द्रायणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चान्द्रायणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चान्द्रायणस्य (genitive singular)
चान्द्रायणयोः (dual genitive)
चान्द्रायणानाम् (genitive plural)
चान्द्रायणे (locative singular)
चान्द्रायणयोः (dual locative)
चान्द्रायणेषु (locative plural)
चान्द्रायण (singular vocative)
चान्द्रायणे (dual vocative)
चान्द्रायणानि (plural vocative)

/t͡ɕɑːn.dɾɑː.jɐ.ɳɐ/

/t͡ɕɑːn̪.d̪ɾɑː.jɐ.ɳɐ/

Compound of चान्द्र (cāndra, “belonging to the Moon; Moon's”) + अयन (ayana, “going, course”).

com

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

चातुर्वर्ण्येषु सर्वेषु हितां वक्ष्यामि निष्कृतिम्। अगम्यागमने चैव शुद्ध्यै चान्द्रायणं चरेत्॥
cāturvarṇyeṣu sarveṣu hitāṃ vakṣyāmi niṣkṛtim. agamyāgamane caiva śuddhyai cāndrāyaṇaṃ caret.
Now I shall describe the penances while are salutary for all the castes. In [the case of] illicit sexual intercourse, and for purification, one must do the Cāndrāyaṇa.

एकैकं ह्रासयेद्ग्रासं कृष्णे शुक्ले च वर्धयेत्। अमावास्यां न भुञ्जीत ह्येष चान्द्रायणो विधिः॥
ekaikaṃ hrāsayedgrāsaṃ kṛṣṇe śukle ca vardhayet. amāvāsyāṃ na bhuñjīta hyeṣa cāndrāyaṇo vidhiḥ.
One must reduce his [food] by one mouthful each day during the dark fortnight, and similarly increase it during the light fortnight. On the Amāvāsyā, he mustn't eat, for this is the rule for Cāndrāyaṇa.

(Classical Sanskrit, Hinduism) Cāndrāyaṇa


सदाशिव

sadāśiva (romanization)
सदाशिवः (nominative singular)
सदाशिवौ (dual nominative)
सदाशिवा1 (dual nominative)
सदाशिवाः (nominative plural)
सदाशिवासः1 (nominative plural)
सदाशिवम् (accusative singular)
सदाशिवौ (accusative dual)
सदाशिवा1 (accusative dual)
सदाशिवान् (accusative plural)
सदाशिवेन (instrumental singular)
सदाशिवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सदाशिवैः (instrumental plural)
सदाशिवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सदाशिवाय (dative singular)
सदाशिवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सदाशिवेभ्यः (dative plural)
सदाशिवात् (ablative singular)
सदाशिवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सदाशिवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सदाशिवस्य (genitive singular)
सदाशिवयोः (dual genitive)
सदाशिवानाम् (genitive plural)
सदाशिवे (locative singular)
सदाशिवयोः (dual locative)
सदाशिवेषु (locative plural)
सदाशिव (singular vocative)
सदाशिवौ (dual vocative)
सदाशिवा1 (dual vocative)
सदाशिवाः (plural vocative)
सदाशिवासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Bengali: সদাশিব (śodaśibo)

→ Kannada: ಸದಾಶಿವ (sadāśiva)

→ Marathi: सदाशिव (sadāśiv)

→ Tamil: சதாசிவன் (catācivaṉ)

→ Telugu: సదాశివుడు (sadāśivuḍu)

/s̪ɐ.d̪ɑː.ɕi.ʋɐ/

सदा (sadā, “always, forever”) + शिव (śiva, “auspicious, gracious, kind”).


श्रीनिवास

śrīnivāsa (romanization)
श्रीनिवासः (nominative singular)
श्रीनिवासौ (dual nominative)
श्रीनिवासा1 (dual nominative)
श्रीनिवासाः (nominative plural)
श्रीनिवासासः1 (nominative plural)
श्रीनिवासम् (accusative singular)
श्रीनिवासौ (accusative dual)
श्रीनिवासा1 (accusative dual)
श्रीनिवासान् (accusative plural)
श्रीनिवासेन (instrumental singular)
श्रीनिवासाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रीनिवासैः (instrumental plural)
श्रीनिवासेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्रीनिवासाय (dative singular)
श्रीनिवासाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रीनिवासेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रीनिवासात् (ablative singular)
श्रीनिवासाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रीनिवासेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रीनिवासस्य (genitive singular)
श्रीनिवासयोः (dual genitive)
श्रीनिवासानाम् (genitive plural)
श्रीनिवासे (locative singular)
श्रीनिवासयोः (dual locative)
श्रीनिवासेषु (locative plural)
श्रीनिवास (singular vocative)
श्रीनिवासौ (dual vocative)
श्रीनिवासा1 (dual vocative)
श्रीनिवासाः (plural vocative)
श्रीनिवासासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Kannada: ಶ್ರೀನಿವಾಸ (śrīnivāsa)

→ Marathi: श्रीनिवास (śrīnivās)

desc

⇒ Tamil: சீனிவாசன் (cīṉivācaṉ)

⇒ Tamil: சீனிவாசன் (cīṉivācaṉ)

శ్రీనివాసుడు

→ Telugu: శ్రీనివాసుడు (śrīnivāsuḍu)

→ Telugu: శ్రీనివాసుడు (śrīnivāsuḍu)

/ɕɾiː.n̪i.ʋɑː.s̪ɐ/

श्री (śrī, a name of Lakshmi) + निवास (nivāsa, “abode”), referring to the Hindu belief that the goddess Lakshmi resides in Vishnu's heart.


मुरलीधर

muralīdhara (romanization)
मुरलीधरः (nominative singular)
मुरलीधरौ (dual nominative)
मुरलीधरा1 (dual nominative)
मुरलीधराः (nominative plural)
मुरलीधरासः1 (nominative plural)
मुरलीधरम् (accusative singular)
मुरलीधरौ (accusative dual)
मुरलीधरा1 (accusative dual)
मुरलीधरान् (accusative plural)
मुरलीधरेण (instrumental singular)
मुरलीधराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मुरलीधरैः (instrumental plural)
मुरलीधरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मुरलीधराय (dative singular)
मुरलीधराभ्याम् (dative dual)
मुरलीधरेभ्यः (dative plural)
मुरलीधरात् (ablative singular)
मुरलीधराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मुरलीधरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मुरलीधरस्य (genitive singular)
मुरलीधरयोः (dual genitive)
मुरलीधराणाम् (genitive plural)
मुरलीधरे (locative singular)
मुरलीधरयोः (dual locative)
मुरलीधरेषु (locative plural)
मुरलीधर (singular vocative)
मुरलीधरौ (dual vocative)
मुरलीधरा1 (dual vocative)
मुरलीधराः (plural vocative)
मुरलीधरासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Kannada: ಮುರಳೀಧರ (muraḷīdhara)

→ Tamil: முரளீதரன் (muraḷītaraṉ)

→ Telugu: మురళీధరుడు (muraḷīdharuḍu)

मुरली (muralī, “flute”) + धर (dhara, “holding”).

the "holder of the flute", a name of Krishna


𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢

bhagadatta (romanization)
𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀂 (nominative singular)
𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀫𑁆 (accusative singular)
𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀦 (instrumental singular)
𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀬 (dative singular)
𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀢𑁆 (ablative singular)
𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀬 (genitive singular)
𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢 (singular vocative)

भगदत्त भगदत्त#Sanskrit

Brahmi script form of भगदत्त (“Bhagadatta”)


𑀩𑀾𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀧𑀢𑀺

बृहस्पति बृहस्पति#Sanskrit


नकुल

nakula (romanization)
नकुलः (nominative singular)
नकुलौ (dual nominative)
नकुलाः (nominative plural)
नकुलम् (accusative singular)
नकुलौ (accusative dual)
नकुलान् (accusative plural)
नकुलेन (instrumental singular)
नकुलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नकुलैः (instrumental plural)
नकुलाय (dative singular)
नकुलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नकुलेभ्यः (dative plural)
नकुलात् (ablative singular)
नकुलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नकुलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नकुलस्य (genitive singular)
नकुलयोः (dual genitive)
नकुलानाम् (genitive plural)
नकुले (locative singular)
नकुलयोः (dual locative)
नकुलेषु (locative plural)
नकुल (singular vocative)
नकुलौ (dual vocative)
नकुलाः (plural vocative)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: نول (nūl)

desc

Shina: [script needed] (nɔ̈̄lέ) — Jijelut dialect

Pashayi: [Term?] (noŭl, “otter”) — Kunar valley

Pali: nakula

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀉𑀮 (ṇaüla) (see there for further descendants)

→ Assamese: নকুল (nokul) (learned)

→ Bengali: নকুল (nokul) (learned)

→ Gujarati: નકુલ (nakul) (learned)

→ Hindi: नकुल (nakul) (learned)

→ Kannada: ನಕುಲ (nakula) (learned)

→ Maithili: नकुल (nakul) (learned)

→ Malayalam: നകുലൻ (nakulaṉ) (learned)

→ Marathi: नकुल (nakul) (learned)

→ Odia: ନକୁଳ (nakuḷa) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਨਕੁਲ (nakul) (learned)

→ Tamil: நகுலன் (nakulaṉ) (learned)

→ Telugu: నకులుడు (nakuluḍu) (learned)

Unknown. Pāṇini suggests न (na, “no”) + कुल (kula, “family”), but this is probably folk etymology.

(Hinduism) Nakula, son of Pandu and Madri, husband of Draupadi, and the father of Shatanika.


वङ्ग

name of a king of the lunar race (son of Dīrgha-tamas or Dīrgha-tapas and Su-deṣṇā, regarded as the common ancestor of the people of Bengal)


विरोचन

From वि- (vi-) + रोचन (rocana, “light; splendour”). Also analysable as वि- (vi-, “distributing; away”, verbal prefix) + रुच् (ruc, root) + -अन (-ana, agent suffix) with regular accent; i.e. "the one that shines forth; emitter of light".


वैरोचन

/ʋɑːj.ɾɐw.t͡ɕɐ.nɐ́/

/ʋɑj.ɾoː.t͡ɕɐ.n̪ɐ/

Vṛddhi derivative of विरोचन (virócana, “the sun; giver of light”); i.e. "pertaining to virocana".

vrddhi

(Hinduism, Jainism) an epithet of the Asura Bali, son of Virocana

(Mahayana Buddhism) Vairocana (a manifestation of the Buddha)


स्तुत

stutá (romanization)
स्तुतः (nominative singular)
स्तुतौ (dual nominative)
स्तुता1 (dual nominative)
स्तुताः (nominative plural)
स्तुतासः1 (nominative plural)
स्तुतम् (accusative singular)
स्तुतौ (accusative dual)
स्तुता1 (accusative dual)
स्तुतान् (accusative plural)
स्तुतेन (instrumental singular)
स्तुताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्तुतैः (instrumental plural)
स्तुतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्तुताय (dative singular)
स्तुताभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्तुतेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्तुतात् (ablative singular)
स्तुताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्तुतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्तुतस्य (genitive singular)
स्तुतयोः (dual genitive)
स्तुतानाम् (genitive plural)
स्तुते (locative singular)
स्तुतयोः (dual locative)
स्तुतेषु (locative plural)
स्तुत (singular vocative)
स्तुतौ (dual vocative)
स्तुता1 (dual vocative)
स्तुताः (plural vocative)
स्तुतासः1 (plural vocative)

From the root स्तु (stu, “to praise, laud”).


दीपोत्सव

dīpotsava (romanization)
दीपोत्सवः (nominative singular)
दीपोत्सवौ (dual nominative)
दीपोत्सवाः (nominative plural)
दीपोत्सवम् (accusative singular)
दीपोत्सवौ (accusative dual)
दीपोत्सवान् (accusative plural)
दीपोत्सवेन (instrumental singular)
दीपोत्सवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दीपोत्सवैः (instrumental plural)
दीपोत्सवाय (dative singular)
दीपोत्सवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दीपोत्सवेभ्यः (dative plural)
दीपोत्सवात् (ablative singular)
दीपोत्सवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दीपोत्सवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दीपोत्सवस्य (genitive singular)
दीपोत्सवयोः (dual genitive)
दीपोत्सवानाम् (genitive plural)
दीपोत्सवे (locative singular)
दीपोत्सवयोः (dual locative)
दीपोत्सवेषु (locative plural)
दीपोत्सव (singular vocative)
दीपोत्सवौ (dual vocative)
दीपोत्सवाः (plural vocative)

→ Bengali: দীপোৎসব (dipōtśob) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: दीपोत्सव (dīpotsav)

desc

→ Marathi: दीपोत्सव (dīpotsav) (learned)

दीप (dīpa, “diya, lamp, lantern”) + उत्सव (utsava, “festival”).

com

c. 400 CE, Bhaviṣya Purāṇa

महानवम्यां दीपोत्सवे च शिष्टाचारः।

1889, Journal of the American Oriental Society: Volumes 13-14, page 355:

Good conduct on Mahanavami and on Diwali.

दीपोत्सवो महाप्रीत्या क्रियते सकलैर्जनैः ॥

Diwali is celebrated with great pleasure by all people.

dīpotsavo mahāprītyā kriyate sakalairjanaiḥ.

कार्तिकमासस्य अमावस्यायां तिथौ अयं दीपोत्सवः महता उल्लासेन विधीयते ।

1984–1990, Devkant Jha, अभिनव इन्टर संस्कृत व्याकरण और रचना, Varanasi: Motilal Banarsidass, →ISBN, page 105, →ISBN:

On the tithi of Amavasya in the month Kartika, Diwali is celebrated with great merriness.

kārtikamāsasya amāvasyāyāṃ tithau ayaṃ dīpotsavaḥ mahatā ullāsena vidhīyate.


बाङ्गलादेश

sa-proper noun

बाङ्गलादेश • (bāṅgalādeśa) stem, m

bāṅgalādeśa (romanization)
बाङ्गलादेशः (nominative singular)
बाङ्गलादेशम् (accusative singular)
बाङ्गलादेशेन (instrumental singular)
बाङ्गलादेशाय (dative singular)
बाङ्गलादेशात् (ablative singular)
बाङ्गलादेशस्य (genitive singular)
बाङ्गलादेशे (locative singular)
बाङ्गलादेश (singular vocative)

/bɑːŋ.ɡɐ.l̪ɑː.d̪eː.ɕɐ/

Borrowed from Hindi बांग्लादेश (bāṅglādeś).

bor+

बाङ्ग्लादेशस्य कस्यचन अनामकवेः बङ्गभाषीयं काव्यं “सोनारबङ्गभूमे”ऽनूदितम्।

2001, Chandrabhushan Jha, दिल्लीस्था विंशशताब्दीयाः संस्कृत-रचनाकाराः [20ᵗʰ century Sanskrit authors of Delhi], New Delhi: Delhi Sanskrit Academy, →OCLC, page 81:

A poem in Bengali language “Sonārabaṅgabhūme”, of some anonymous poet of Bangladesh, is translated.

bāṅglādeśasya kasyacana anāmakaveḥ baṅgabhāṣīyaṃ kāvyaṃ “sonārabaṅgabhūme”ʼnūditam.

(New Sanskrit) Bangladesh (a country in South Asia)

sa:बाङ्गलादेश


वङ्गालदेश

vaṅgāladeśa (romanization)
वङ्गालदेशः (nominative singular)
वङ्गालदेशम् (accusative singular)
वङ्गालदेशेन (instrumental singular)
वङ्गालदेशाय (dative singular)
वङ्गालदेशात् (ablative singular)
वङ्गालदेशस्य (genitive singular)
वङ्गालदेशे (locative singular)
वङ्गालदेश (singular vocative)

/ʋɐŋ.ɡɑː.l̪ɐ.d̪eː.ɕɐ/

sa:वङ्गालदेश


रंहस्

raṃhas (romanization)
रंहाः (nominative singular)
रंहसम् (accusative singular)
रंहसा (instrumental singular)
रंहसे (dative singular)
रंहसः (ablative singular)
रंहसः (genitive singular)
रंहसि (locative singular)
रंहः (singular vocative)

From the root रंह् (raṃh, “to speed up, hasten”) + -अस् (-as).

sa-root

एवं कृत्वा नमस्तस्मै महादेवाय रंहसे ।

Having done thus, I bow to the great god, Shiva.

evaṃ kṛtvā namastasmai mahādevāya raṃhase.


उत्तरकुरु

→ Tocharian B: *Uttarakur

Uttarakuru (a possibly mythological region to the north of India, mentioned in ancient Indian and classical texts)


उत्तरफाल्गुनी

sa-proper noun

उत्तरफाल्गुनी • (uttaraphālgunī) stem, n

desc

→ Thai: อุตรผลคุนี (ùt-dtà-rá pǒn-lá-kú-nii)

→ Tocharian B: Uttaraphalguṇi

(astronomy) Uttara Phalgunī, the twelfth of 27 nakshatras in Hindu astronomy, corresponding to Denebola (β Leonis) in the Leo constellation.


कंस

kaṃsa (romanization)
कंसः (nominative singular)
कंसौ (dual nominative)
कंसा1 (dual nominative)
कंसाः (nominative plural)
कंसासः1 (nominative plural)
कंसम् (accusative singular)
कंसौ (accusative dual)
कंसा1 (accusative dual)
कंसान् (accusative plural)
कंसेन (instrumental singular)
कंसाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कंसैः (instrumental plural)
कंसेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कंसाय (dative singular)
कंसाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कंसेभ्यः (dative plural)
कंसात् (ablative singular)
कंसाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कंसेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कंसस्य (genitive singular)
कंसयोः (dual genitive)
कंसानाम् (genitive plural)
कंसे (locative singular)
कंसयोः (dual locative)
कंसेषु (locative plural)
कंस (singular vocative)
कंसौ (dual vocative)
कंसा1 (dual vocative)
कंसाः (plural vocative)
कंसासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Hindi: कंस (kans)

→ Kannada: ಕಂಸ (kaṃsa)

→ Burmese: ကံသ (kamsa.)

(Hinduism) Name of a king of Mathura, the cousin of Devaki, who was later slain by Krishna


क्षुद्रक

kṣudraka (romanization)
क्षुद्रकः (nominative singular)
क्षुद्रकौ (dual nominative)
क्षुद्रका1 (dual nominative)
क्षुद्रकाः (nominative plural)
क्षुद्रकासः1 (nominative plural)
क्षुद्रकम् (accusative singular)
क्षुद्रकौ (accusative dual)
क्षुद्रका1 (accusative dual)
क्षुद्रकान् (accusative plural)
क्षुद्रकेण (instrumental singular)
क्षुद्रकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
क्षुद्रकैः (instrumental plural)
क्षुद्रकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
क्षुद्रकाय (dative singular)
क्षुद्रकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
क्षुद्रकेभ्यः (dative plural)
क्षुद्रकात् (ablative singular)
क्षुद्रकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
क्षुद्रकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
क्षुद्रकस्य (genitive singular)
क्षुद्रकयोः (dual genitive)
क्षुद्रकाणाम् (genitive plural)
क्षुद्रके (locative singular)
क्षुद्रकयोः (dual locative)
क्षुद्रकेषु (locative plural)
क्षुद्रक (singular vocative)
क्षुद्रकौ (dual vocative)
क्षुद्रका1 (dual vocative)
क्षुद्रकाः (plural vocative)
क्षुद्रकासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Ancient Greek: Οξυδρακοι (Oxudrakoi)

→ English: Oxydracian

Diminutive of क्षुद्र (kṣudrá); see there for more. Compare the Vedic dialectal form क्षुल्लक (kṣullaká).


चाणक्य

cāṇakya (romanization)
चाणक्यः (nominative singular)
चाणक्यौ (dual nominative)
चाणक्याः (nominative plural)
चाणक्यम् (accusative singular)
चाणक्यौ (accusative dual)
चाणक्यान् (accusative plural)
चाणक्येन (instrumental singular)
चाणक्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चाणक्यैः (instrumental plural)
चाणक्याय (dative singular)
चाणक्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
चाणक्येभ्यः (dative plural)
चाणक्यात् (ablative singular)
चाणक्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चाणक्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
चाणक्यस्य (genitive singular)
चाणक्ययोः (dual genitive)
चाणक्यानाम् (genitive plural)
चाणक्ये (locative singular)
चाणक्ययोः (dual locative)
चाणक्येषु (locative plural)
चाणक्य (singular vocative)
चाणक्यौ (dual vocative)
चाणक्याः (plural vocative)

→ English: Chanakya

→ Malayalam: ചാണക്യൻ (cāṇakyaṉ)

/t͡ɕɑː.ɳɐk.jɐ/

Vṛddhi derivative of चणक (caṇaka) with a -य (-ya) extension.


काश्यप

→ Tocharian B: Kāśyap (learned)

Sanskritisation of Pali Kassapa, itself from Sanskrit कश्यप (kaśyapa).

(Buddhism) Kassapa, one of the ancient Buddhas


महाकाश्यप

head

महाकाश्यप • (mahākāśyapa)

→ Tocharian B: Kāśyape

Learned borrowing from Pali Mahākassapa.

(Buddhism) Maha Kassapa, one of Ten Principal Disciples of Gautama Buddha


अश्विन्

aśvin (romanization)
अश्वी (nominative singular)
अश्विनौ (dual nominative)
अश्विना1 (dual nominative)
अश्विनः (nominative plural)
अश्विनम् (accusative singular)
अश्विनौ (accusative dual)
अश्विना1 (accusative dual)
अश्विनः (accusative plural)
अश्विना (instrumental singular)
अश्विभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्विभिः (instrumental plural)
अश्विने (dative singular)
अश्विभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्विभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्विनः (ablative singular)
अश्विभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्विभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्विनः (genitive singular)
अश्विनोः (dual genitive)
अश्विनाम् (genitive plural)
अश्विनि (locative singular)
अश्विनोः (dual locative)
अश्विषु (locative plural)
अश्विन् (singular vocative)
अश्विनौ (dual vocative)
अश्विना1 (dual vocative)
अश्विनः (plural vocative)

From अश्व (áśva, “horse”) + -इन् (-in, “possessor”).

suffix

अश्वि॑ना॒ यज्व॑री॒रिषो॒ द्रव॑त्पाणी॒ शुभ॑स्पती।
पुरु॑भुजा चन॒स्यत॑म्॥
áśvinā yájvarīríṣo drávatpāṇī śúbhaspatī.
púrubhujā canasyátam.

Aśvins, cherishers of pious acts, long-armed, accept with outstretched hands the sacrificial viands.

(Hinduism, in the dual) Ashvins, sons of Surya and Sanjna, and the divine physicians of the gods.

(Hinduism, in the dual) the two sons of the Aśvins, namely Nakula and Sahadeva (MBh.)

(Hinduism, astrology) a name of the Nakṣatra presided over by the Aśvins (VarBrS.)

(Hinduism) Seventh month of Hindu lunar calendar


इन्द्रस्य

इन्द्र इन्द्र#Sanskrit


कृतिका

sa-proper noun form

कृतिका • (kṛtikā) f

Pali: kattikā

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀬𑀸 (kattiyā)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: khittī

Gurmukhi script: ਖਿੱਤੀ

Shahmukhi script: کھِتِّی

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: katyū̃

Arabic script: ڪَتيُون

Devanagari script: कत्यूं

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ކެތި (keti)

Sinhalese: කැති (kæti)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: कात्या (kātyā)

→ Tocharian B: Kertik (learned)

कृत्तिका कृत्तिका#Sanskrit

Alternative form of कृत्तिका (kṛttikā, “Pleiades star cluster”)


कृत्तिका

kṛttikā (romanization)
कृत्तिका (nominative singular)
कृत्तिकाम् (accusative singular)
कृत्तिकया (instrumental singular)
कृत्तिका1 (instrumental singular)
कृत्तिकायै (dative singular)
कृत्तिकायाः (ablative singular)
कृत्तिकायै2 (ablative singular)
कृत्तिकायाः (genitive singular)
कृत्तिकायै2 (genitive singular)
कृत्तिकायाम् (locative singular)
कृत्तिके (singular vocative)

→ Indonesian: kartika

(Vedic astrology) Krttika, (a nakshatra or lunar mansion, i.e. a sector of the sky along the ecliptic, the Pleiades star cluster)


तोरण

toraṇa (romanization)
तोरणः (nominative singular)
तोरणौ (dual nominative)
तोरणा1 (dual nominative)
तोरणाः (nominative plural)
तोरणासः1 (nominative plural)
तोरणम् (accusative singular)
तोरणौ (accusative dual)
तोरणा1 (accusative dual)
तोरणान् (accusative plural)
तोरणेन (instrumental singular)
तोरणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तोरणैः (instrumental plural)
तोरणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तोरणाय (dative singular)
तोरणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तोरणेभ्यः (dative plural)
तोरणात् (ablative singular)
तोरणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तोरणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तोरणस्य (genitive singular)
तोरणयोः (dual genitive)
तोरणानाम् (genitive plural)
तोरणे (locative singular)
तोरणयोः (dual locative)
तोरणेषु (locative plural)
तोरण (singular vocative)
तोरणौ (dual vocative)
तोरणा1 (dual vocative)
तोरणाः (plural vocative)
तोरणासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: tòrana

→ English: toran

→ German: Torana

→ Korean: 토라나 (torana)

/t̪oː.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/

Probably related to प्रतोली (pratolī, “a broad way, principal road”), with further origin unclear.
Kölver derives the word from an unattested *अतिवलन (ativalana), from वल् (val, “to turn round”), from which a pseudo-root *तोल् (tol) / *तुल् (tul) was presumably extracted and used to build तोरण, as well as तोलिका (tolikā, “a wall around a watchtower”) and प्रतोली.
Probably not related to the Mediterranean Kulturworts Ancient Greek τύρσις (túrsis, “tower”) and Latin turris (“tower”).


सुरेश

From सुर (sura, “a god, divinity, deity”) + ईश (īśa).


सुरेश्वर

From सुर (sura, “a god, divinity, deity”) + ईश्वर (īśvara).


सुराष्ट्र

sa-proper noun

सुराष्ट्र • (súrāṣṭra) stem, m

súrāṣṭra (romanization)
सुराष्ट्रः (nominative singular)
सुराष्ट्रौ (dual nominative)
सुराष्ट्रा1 (dual nominative)
सुराष्ट्राः (nominative plural)
सुराष्ट्रासः1 (nominative plural)
सुराष्ट्रम् (accusative singular)
सुराष्ट्रौ (accusative dual)
सुराष्ट्रा1 (accusative dual)
सुराष्ट्रान् (accusative plural)
सुराष्ट्रेण (instrumental singular)
सुराष्ट्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सुराष्ट्रैः (instrumental plural)
सुराष्ट्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सुराष्ट्राय (dative singular)
सुराष्ट्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
सुराष्ट्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
सुराष्ट्रात् (ablative singular)
सुराष्ट्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सुराष्ट्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सुराष्ट्रस्य (genitive singular)
सुराष्ट्रयोः (dual genitive)
सुराष्ट्राणाम् (genitive plural)
सुराष्ट्रे (locative singular)
सुराष्ट्रयोः (dual locative)
सुराष्ट्रेषु (locative plural)
सुराष्ट्र (singular vocative)
सुराष्ट्रौ (dual vocative)
सुराष्ट्रा1 (dual vocative)
सुराष्ट्राः (plural vocative)
सुराष्ट्रासः1 (plural vocative)

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀲𑀼𑀭𑀱𑁆𑀝 (*suraṣṭa)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀭𑀝𑁆𑀞 (suraṭṭha)

Gurjara Apabhramsa: सुरट्ठु (suraṭṭhu)

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Συραστρηνή (Surastrēnḗ)

→ Middle Chinese: 蘇剌佗 (MC su lat da|tha)

/sú.ɾɑːʂ.ʈɾɐ/

/s̪u.ɾɑːʂ.ʈɾɐ/

From सु- (su-, “good”) + राष्ट्र (rāṣṭra, “realm, dominion”).

af

An ancient Indian polity (janapada) located in the region.


भरुकच्छ

bharukaccha (romanization)
भरुकच्छः (nominative singular)
भरुकच्छौ (dual nominative)
भरुकच्छा1 (dual nominative)
भरुकच्छाः (nominative plural)
भरुकच्छासः1 (nominative plural)
भरुकच्छम् (accusative singular)
भरुकच्छौ (accusative dual)
भरुकच्छा1 (accusative dual)
भरुकच्छान् (accusative plural)
भरुकच्छेन (instrumental singular)
भरुकच्छाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भरुकच्छैः (instrumental plural)
भरुकच्छेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भरुकच्छाय (dative singular)
भरुकच्छाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भरुकच्छेभ्यः (dative plural)
भरुकच्छात् (ablative singular)
भरुकच्छाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भरुकच्छेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भरुकच्छस्य (genitive singular)
भरुकच्छयोः (dual genitive)
भरुकच्छानाम् (genitive plural)
भरुकच्छे (locative singular)
भरुकच्छयोः (dual locative)
भरुकच्छेषु (locative plural)
भरुकच्छ (singular vocative)
भरुकच्छौ (dual vocative)
भरुकच्छा1 (dual vocative)
भरुकच्छाः (plural vocative)
भरुकच्छासः1 (plural vocative)
बृगुकच्छ (alternative)
मरुकच्छ (alternative)

desc

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀪𑀭𑀼𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙 (*bharukaccha)

Prakrit: 𑀪𑀭𑀼𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙 (bharuaccha), *𑀪𑀭𑀼𑀕𑀘𑁆𑀙 (*bharugaccha)

Gujarati: ભરૂચ (bharūc)

→ Hindi: भरूच (bharūc)

→ English: Bharuch, Broach

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Βαρύγαζα (Barúgaza), Βαργοσα (Bargosa)
→ Latin: Barygaza

Pali: Bharukaccha

→⇒ Middle Chinese: 跋祿羯呫婆 (MC bat luwk kjot thep ba)

[bʱɐ.ɾu.kɐt̪̚.t͡ɕʰɐ]

Seemingly from भरु (bharu, “sea”) + कच्छ (kaccha, “shore”), but the first element may be non-Indic; compare the alternative form मरुकच्छ (marukaccha). The form भृगुकच्छ (bhṛgukaccha) is folk-etymological.

af

An ancient Indian polity (janapada) located near modern Bharuch.


ताम्रपर्णी

tāmraparṇī (romanization)
ताम्रपर्णी (nominative singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्यौ (dual nominative)
ताम्रपर्णी1 (dual nominative)
ताम्रपर्ण्यः (nominative plural)
ताम्रपर्णीः1 (nominative plural)
ताम्रपर्णीम् (accusative singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्यौ (accusative dual)
ताम्रपर्णी1 (accusative dual)
ताम्रपर्णीः (accusative plural)
ताम्रपर्ण्या (instrumental singular)
ताम्रपर्णीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ताम्रपर्णीभिः (instrumental plural)
ताम्रपर्ण्यै (dative singular)
ताम्रपर्णीभ्याम् (dative dual)
ताम्रपर्णीभ्यः (dative plural)
ताम्रपर्ण्याः (ablative singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्यै2 (ablative singular)
ताम्रपर्णीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ताम्रपर्णीभ्यः (ablative plural)
ताम्रपर्ण्याः (genitive singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्यै2 (genitive singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्योः (dual genitive)
ताम्रपर्णीनाम् (genitive plural)
ताम्रपर्ण्याम् (locative singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्योः (dual locative)
ताम्रपर्णीषु (locative plural)
ताम्रपर्णि (singular vocative)
ताम्रपर्ण्यौ (dual vocative)
ताम्रपर्णी1 (dual vocative)
ताम्रपर्ण्यः (plural vocative)
ताम्रपर्णीः1 (plural vocative)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀢𑀁𑀩𑀧𑀁𑀦𑀺 (taṃbapaṃni), 𑀢𑀁𑀩𑀧𑀁𑀡𑀺 (taṃbapaṃṇi), 𑀢𑀁𑀩𑀧𑀡𑀺 (taṃbapaṇi)
→ Ancient Greek: Ταπροβάνη (Taprobánē), Ταπροβανᾶ (Taprobanâ), Ταπροβανῆ (Taprobanê)
→ Latin: Tāprobanē, Tāprobana
→ English: Taprobana (learned)
→ Portuguese: Taprobana (learned)
→ Old English: Deprobane

Pali: tambapaṇṇī

→ Sinhalese: තම්බපණ්ණිය (tambapaṇṇiya)

→ Tamil: தாமிரபரணி (tāmiraparaṇi)

→ English: Thamirabarani

/t̪ɑːm.ɾɐ.pɐɾ.ɳiː/

From ताम्र (tāmra, “copper”) + पर्ण (parṇa, “leaf”) + -ई (-ī).
Some suppose the "town in Sri Lanka" sense to be a hypercorrect form of *ताम्रवर्णी (tāmravarṇī, literally “copper-coloured”), but the Ashokan Prakrit forms make this problematic.

af

Thamirabarani (a river in Tamil Nadu, India)


केनडा

kenaḍā (romanization)
कनडा (alternative)

Borrowed from English Canada, from Laurentian kanata (“village, settlement”).

der

(New Sanskrit) Canada (a country in North America)


अमेरिकायाः संयुक्तराज्यानि

sa-proper noun

अमेरिकायाः संयुक्तराज्यानि • (amerikāyāḥ saṃyuktarājyāni) stem, n

/ɐ.meː.ɾi.kɑː.jɑːh s̪ɐ̃.juk.t̪ɐ.ɾɑːd͡ʑ.jɑː.n̪i/

[ɐ.meː.ɾi.kɑː.jɑːhɑ̆ s̪ɐ̃.juk̚.t̪ɐ.ɾɑːd͡ʑ.jɑː.n̪i]

Calque of English United States of America

calque

United States of America
United States of America#English

(New Sanskrit) United States of America (a country in North America)

sa:अमेरिकायाः संयुक्तराज्यानि

en-अमेरिकायाः_संयुक्तराज्यानि-sa-name-6DbKFMqU


अङ्गद

head

अङ्गद • (aṅgada)


सरमा

sarámā (romanization)
सरमा (nominative singular)
सरमाम् (accusative singular)
सरमया (instrumental singular)
सरमा1 (instrumental singular)
सरमायै (dative singular)
सरमायाः (ablative singular)
सरमायै2 (ablative singular)
सरमायाः (genitive singular)
सरमायै2 (genitive singular)
सरमायाम् (locative singular)
सरमे (singular vocative)

/sɐ.ɾɐ́.mɑː/

/s̪ɐ.ɾɐ.mɑː/

Compound of सर् (sar, “to run”) + अमा (amā).

com+

किमि॒च्छन्ती॑ स॒रमा॒ प्रेदमा॑नड्दू॒रे ह्यध्वा॒ जगु॑रिः परा॒चैः।
कास्मेहि॑तिः॒ का परि॑तक्म्यासीत्क॒थं र॒साया॑ अतरः॒ पयां॑सि॥
kímicchántī sarámā prédámānaḍdūré hyádhvā jáguriḥ parācaíḥ.
kā́sméhitiḥ kā́ páritakmyāsītkatháṃ rasā́yā ataraḥ páyāṃsi.
Seeking what has Saramā arrived here, for far is the road, swallowing up (the traveler) in the distance? What is your mission to us? What was the final turn (bringing you here)? How did you cross the waters of the Rasā.

(Hinduism) Sarama, the female dog of the devas, mother of all wild animals, who helped Indra recover Bṛhaspati's cows, stolen by Paṇis, the followers of Vala


यदु

yádu (romanization)
यदुः (nominative singular)
यदुम् (accusative singular)
यदुना (instrumental singular)
यद्वा1 (instrumental singular)
यदवे (dative singular)
यद्वे1 (dative singular)
यदोः (ablative singular)
यद्वः1 (ablative singular)
यदोः (genitive singular)
यद्वः1 (genitive singular)
यदौ (locative singular)
यदो (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *yĀṭu (“goat, sheep”); for the semantic connection, note that early Indo-Aryan speakers (like the Yadu tribe) were pastoralists who reared cattle, goats and sheep. Cognate with Tamil ஆடு (āṭu), யாடு (yāṭu), Telugu ఏట (ēṭa) and Gondi యేటీ (yēṭī).

उ॒त दा॒सा प॑रि॒विषे॒ स्मद्दि॑ष्टी॒ गोप॑रीणसा।
यदु॑स्तु॒र्वश्च॑ मामहे॥
utá dāsā́ parivíṣe smáddiṣṭī góparīṇasā.

Yadu and Turva, too, have given two Dasas, well-disposed, to serve, together with great store of kine.

तुर्वशु तुर्वशु#Sanskrit

द्रुह्यु द्रुह्यु#Sanskrit

अनुद्रुह्यु अनुद्रुह्यु#Sanskrit

(Hinduism) a son of Yayati and Devayani, and brother of तुर्वशु (turvaśu), द्रुह्यु (druhyu), अनुद्रुह्यु (anudruhyu), पूरु (pūru)


आभीर

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Prakrit: 𑀆𑀪𑀻𑀭 (ābhīra), 𑀆𑀳𑀻𑀭 (āhīra), 𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀭 (ahira), 𑀆𑀳𑁆ē𑀭 (āhēra)

Kumaoni: अहीर (ahīr)

Bengali: আহীর (ahir)

Odia: ଆହିର (āhira)

Bihari: अहीर (ahīr)

Bhojpuri: 𑂃𑂯𑂱𑂩𑂹 (ahir)

Awadhi: अहिर (ahir)

Hindi: अहीर (ahīr)

→ English: Ahir

Gujarati: આહીર (āhīr)

Marathi: 𑘀𑘮𑘲𑘨 (ahīr)

/ɑː.bʱiː.ɾɐ/

/ɑː.bʱiː.ɾɐ/


जेतवन

→ Japanese: 祇園 (Gion) (calque)

Compound of जेत (jeta, “Jeta”, name of a prince) + वन (vana, “grove”).

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(Buddhism) the name of a grove near Śrāvastī (where the Buddha promulgated his doctrines).


विपाश्

sa-proper noun

विपाश् • (vípāś) stem, f

vípāś (romanization)
विपाट् (nominative singular)
विपाशम् (accusative singular)
विपाशि (locative singular)

From वि- (vi-) + Proto-Indo-European *pḗh₂ḱs, from *peh₂ḱ- (“to bind, tie, fasten”). Literally, “fetterless; free; unbound”.

प्र पर्व॑तानाम् उश॒ती उ॒पस्था॒द् अश्वे॑ इव॒ विषि॑ते॒ हास॑माने ।
गावे॑व शु॒भ्रे मा॒तरा॑ रिहा॒णे विपा॑ट् छुतु॒द्री पय॑सा जवेते ॥
prá párvatānām uśatī́ upásthād áśve iva víṣite hā́samāne.
gā́veva śubhré mātárā rihāṇé vípāṭ chutudrī́ páyasā javete.
Forth from the bosom of the mountains, eager as two swift mares with loosened rein contending,

Like two bright mother cows who lick their youngling, Vipāś and Śutudrī speed down their waters.

अपो॒षा अन॑सः सर॒त् संपि॑ष्टा॒द् अह॑ बि॒भ्युषी॑ ।
नि यत्सीं॑ शि॒श्नथ॒द् वृषा॑ ॥
ए॒तद् अ॑स्या॒ अनः॑ शये॒ सुसं॑पिष्टं॒ विपा॒श्य् आ ।
स॒सार॑ सीं परा॒वतः॑ ॥
ápoṣā́ ánasaḥ sarat sáṃpiṣṭād áha bibhyúṣī.
ní yátsīṃ śiśnáthad vṛ́ṣā.
etád asyā ánaḥ śaye súsaṃpiṣṭaṃ vípāśy ā́.
sasā́ra sīṃ parāvátaḥ.
Then from her chariot Uṣas fled, affrighted, from her ruined car.
When the strong God had shattered it.
So there this car of Uṣas lay, broken to pieces, in [the river] Vipāś,


विपाशा

vipāśā (romanization)
विपाशा (nominative singular)
विपाशे (dual nominative)
विपाशाः (nominative plural)
विपाशाम् (accusative singular)
विपाशे (accusative dual)
विपाशाः (accusative plural)
विपाशया (instrumental singular)
विपाशा1 (instrumental singular)
विपाशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विपाशाभिः (instrumental plural)
विपाशायै (dative singular)
विपाशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
विपाशाभ्यः (dative plural)
विपाशायाः (ablative singular)
विपाशायै2 (ablative singular)
विपाशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विपाशाभ्यः (ablative plural)
विपाशायाः (genitive singular)
विपाशायै2 (genitive singular)
विपाशयोः (dual genitive)
विपाशानाम् (genitive plural)
विपाशायाम् (locative singular)
विपाशयोः (dual locative)
विपाशासु (locative plural)
विपाशे (singular vocative)
विपाशे (dual vocative)
विपाशाः (plural vocative)

Punjabi: ਬਿਆਸ (biāsa)

→ English: Beas

→ Ancient Greek: Ὕφασις (Húphasis)

→ Latin: Hypasis

/ʋi.pɑː.ɕɑː/

/ʋi.pɑː.ɕɑː/

From earlier Vedic विपाश् (vipāś), see there for more.


श्रीधर

śrīdhara (romanization)
श्रीधरः (nominative singular)
श्रीधरौ (dual nominative)
श्रीधरा1 (dual nominative)
श्रीधराः (nominative plural)
श्रीधरासः1 (nominative plural)
श्रीधरम् (accusative singular)
श्रीधरौ (accusative dual)
श्रीधरा1 (accusative dual)
श्रीधरान् (accusative plural)
श्रीधरेण (instrumental singular)
श्रीधराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रीधरैः (instrumental plural)
श्रीधरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्रीधराय (dative singular)
श्रीधराभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रीधरेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रीधरात् (ablative singular)
श्रीधराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रीधरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रीधरस्य (genitive singular)
श्रीधरयोः (dual genitive)
श्रीधराणाम् (genitive plural)
श्रीधरे (locative singular)
श्रीधरयोः (dual locative)
श्रीधरेषु (locative plural)
श्रीधर (singular vocative)
श्रीधरौ (dual vocative)
श्रीधरा1 (dual vocative)
श्रीधराः (plural vocative)
श्रीधरासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Bengali: শ্রীধর (sridhor)

→ Gujarati: શ્રીધર (śrīdhar)

→ Hindi: श्रीधर (śrīdhar)

→ Kannada: ಶ್ರೀಧರ (śrīdhara)

→ Marathi: श्रीधर (śrīdhar)

→ Tamil: சிறீதரன் (ciṟītaraṉ)

/ɕɾiː.dʱɐ.ɾɐ/

/ɕɾiː.d̪ʱɐ.ɾɐ/

From श्री (śrī, epithet of Lakshmi) + धर (dhara, “holding, bearing”), referring to the Hindu belief that Lakshmi resides in Vishnu's heart.

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the "holder of Lakshmi", a name of Vishnu


विश्वनाथ

viśvanāthá (romanization)
विश्वनाथः (nominative singular)
विश्वनाथौ (dual nominative)
विश्वनाथा1 (dual nominative)
विश्वनाथाः (nominative plural)
विश्वनाथासः1 (nominative plural)
विश्वनाथम् (accusative singular)
विश्वनाथौ (accusative dual)
विश्वनाथा1 (accusative dual)
विश्वनाथान् (accusative plural)
विश्वनाथेन (instrumental singular)
विश्वनाथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विश्वनाथैः (instrumental plural)
विश्वनाथेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
विश्वनाथाय (dative singular)
विश्वनाथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
विश्वनाथेभ्यः (dative plural)
विश्वनाथात् (ablative singular)
विश्वनाथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विश्वनाथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विश्वनाथस्य (genitive singular)
विश्वनाथयोः (dual genitive)
विश्वनाथानाम् (genitive plural)
विश्वनाथे (locative singular)
विश्वनाथयोः (dual locative)
विश्वनाथेषु (locative plural)
विश्वनाथ (singular vocative)
विश्वनाथौ (dual vocative)
विश्वनाथा1 (dual vocative)
विश्वनाथाः (plural vocative)
विश्वनाथासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Bengali: বিশ্বনাথ (biśśonath)

→ Gujarati: વિશ્વનાથ (viśvanāth)

→ Hindi: विश्वनाथ (viśvanāth)

→ Kannada: ವಿಶ್ವನಾಥ (viśvanātha)

→ Marathi: विश्वनाथ (viśvanāth)

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விச்சுவநாதன்

→ Tamil: விசுவநாதன் (vicuvanātaṉ), விஸ்வநாதன் (visvanātaṉ), விச்சுவநாதன் (viccuvanātaṉ)

→ Telugu: విశ్వనాథుడు (viśvanāthuḍu)

/ʋiɕ.ʋɐ.nɑː.tʰɐ́/

/ʋiɕ.ʋɐ.n̪ɑː.t̪ʰɐ/

Compound of विश्व (víśva, “world”) + नाथ (nāthá, “protector, lord”)

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an epithet of Shiva, especially as the object of worship at Varanasi


विधाता

/ʋi.dʱɑː.tɑ́ː/

/ʋi.d̪ʱɑː.t̪ɑː/

विधातृ विधातृ#Sanskrit

nominative singular of विधातृ (vidhātṛ́)