See दुस्- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "su-",
"word": "सु-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "inh",
"3": "iir-pro>*duš->bad",
"id": "bad",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dews-?\nProto-Indo-European *dus-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *duš-\nSanskrit दुस्- (dus-)",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*duš-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dus-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dus-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δυσ-",
"t": "hard, difficult"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “hard, difficult”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "տ-",
"pos": "a negative prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian տ- (t-, a negative prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬎𐬱-"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬱- (duš-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐌿𐌶-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "do-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish do-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dews-?\nProto-Indo-European *dus-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *duš-\nSanskrit दुस्- (dus-)\nFrom Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-, from Proto-Indo-European *dus-. Cognate with Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “hard, difficult”), Old Armenian տ- (t-, a negative prefix), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬱- (duš-), Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-); Old Irish do-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dus-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "दुः-",
"roman": "duḥ-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "दुर्-",
"roman": "dur-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "दुश्-",
"roman": "duś-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "दुष्-",
"roman": "duṣ-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "दू-",
"roman": "dū-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "दुस्- • (dus-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ill-, mal-"
],
"id": "en-दुस्--sa-prefix-3Yo4u4EX",
"links": [
[
"ill",
"ill"
],
[
"mal-",
"mal-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "दुस्- (dus-) + कर्म (karma, “act, action”) → दुष्कर्म (duṣkarma, “evil act”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"badly, hardly; slight, inferior, etc., often = English in- or un-."
],
"id": "en-दुस्--sa-prefix-Mh6eJJzX",
"links": [
[
"badly",
"badly"
],
[
"hardly",
"hardly"
],
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
],
[
"un-",
"un-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dus/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪us̪/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "दुस्-"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "su-",
"word": "सु-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit entries with etymology trees",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit prefixes",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "inh",
"3": "iir-pro>*duš->bad",
"id": "bad",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dews-?\nProto-Indo-European *dus-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *duš-\nSanskrit दुस्- (dus-)",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*duš-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dus-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dus-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δυσ-",
"t": "hard, difficult"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “hard, difficult”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "տ-",
"pos": "a negative prefix"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian տ- (t-, a negative prefix)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬛𐬎𐬱-"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬱- (duš-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐌿𐌶-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "do-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish do-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dews-?\nProto-Indo-European *dus-\nProto-Indo-Iranian *duš-\nSanskrit दुस्- (dus-)\nFrom Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-, from Proto-Indo-European *dus-. Cognate with Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “hard, difficult”), Old Armenian տ- (t-, a negative prefix), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬱- (duš-), Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-); Old Irish do-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dus-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "दुः-",
"roman": "duḥ-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "दुर्-",
"roman": "dur-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "दुश्-",
"roman": "duś-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "दुष्-",
"roman": "duṣ-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "दू-",
"roman": "dū-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "दुस्- • (dus-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ill-, mal-"
],
"links": [
[
"ill",
"ill"
],
[
"mal-",
"mal-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "दुस्- (dus-) + कर्म (karma, “act, action”) → दुष्कर्म (duṣkarma, “evil act”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"badly, hardly; slight, inferior, etc., often = English in- or un-."
],
"links": [
[
"badly",
"badly"
],
[
"hardly",
"hardly"
],
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
],
[
"un-",
"un-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dus/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪us̪/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "दुस्-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for दुस्- meaning in Sanskrit (3.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Sanskrit dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.