सेना

sénā (romanization)
सेना (nominative singular)
सेने (dual nominative)
सेनाः (nominative plural)
सेने (singular vocative)
सेने (dual vocative)
सेनाः (plural vocative)
सेनाम् (accusative singular)
सेने (accusative dual)
सेनाः (accusative plural)
सेनया (instrumental singular)
सेना1 (instrumental singular)
सेनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सेनाभिः (instrumental plural)
सेनायै (dative singular)
सेनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सेनाभ्यः (dative plural)
सेनायाः (ablative singular)
सेनायै2 (ablative singular)
सेनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सेनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
सेनायाः (genitive singular)
सेनायै2 (genitive singular)
सेनयोः (dual genitive)
सेनानाम् (genitive plural)
सेनायाम् (locative singular)
सेनयोः (dual locative)
सेनासु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸 (seṇā)

Pali: senā

→ Hindi: सेना (senā)

→ Bengali: সেনা (śena)

→ Marathi: सेना (senā)

→ Kannada: ಸೇನೆ (sēne)

→ Malayalam: സേന (sēna)

→ Indonesian: sena

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸੈਨਾ (sainā)

Shahmukhi script: سينا (sainā)

→ Old Tamil: 𑀘𑁂𑀷𑁃 (cēṉai)

Tamil: சேனை (cēṉai)

/ˈs̪eː.n̪ɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáynaH (“army”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬁 (haēnā, “hostile army”), Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎴𐎠 (h-i-n-a /hainā/, “hostile army”).

cog

मृळा जरित्रे रुद्र स्तवानोऽन्यं ते अस्मन्नि वपन्तु सेनाः ॥

O exalted Rudra, be gracious to the singer of thy hymns; let thy armies spare us and smite down someone else.

mṛḷā jaritre rudra stavānoʼnyaṃ te asmanni vapantu senāḥ.

an army, armament, battle-array, armed force

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā)

c. 700 BCE – 500 BCE, Aitareya Brāhmaṇa

name of Indra's wife (or his thunderbolt so personified)

any drilled troop or band or body of men (Bālar.)

a kind of title or addition to the names of persons (also names of courtezans) (Sāh.; compare Pāṇ. 4-1, 152 etc.)

कुबेरसेना कुबेरसेना#Sanskrit

name of a courtesan (abridged from कुबेरसेना (kubera-senā)) (HPariś.)


प्रबुध्

prabúdh (romanization)
प्रभुत् (nominative singular)
प्रबुधौ (dual nominative)
प्रबुधा1 (dual nominative)
प्रबुधः (nominative plural)
प्रभुत् (singular vocative)
प्रबुधौ (dual vocative)
प्रबुधा1 (dual vocative)
प्रबुधः (plural vocative)
प्रबुधम् (accusative singular)
प्रबुधौ (accusative dual)
प्रबुधा1 (accusative dual)
प्रबुधः (accusative plural)
प्रबुधा (instrumental singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रभुद्भिः (instrumental plural)
प्रबुधे (dative singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रभुद्भ्यः (dative plural)
प्रबुधः (ablative singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रभुद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रबुधः (genitive singular)
प्रबुधोः (dual genitive)
प्रबुधाम् (genitive plural)
प्रबुधि (locative singular)
प्रबुधोः (dual locative)
प्रभुत्सु (locative plural)


प्रबुध्

prabúdh (romanization)
प्रभुत् (nominative singular)
प्रबुधौ (dual nominative)
प्रबुधा1 (dual nominative)
प्रबुधः (nominative plural)
प्रभुत् (singular vocative)
प्रबुधौ (dual vocative)
प्रबुधा1 (dual vocative)
प्रबुधः (plural vocative)
प्रबुधम् (accusative singular)
प्रबुधौ (accusative dual)
प्रबुधा1 (accusative dual)
प्रबुधः (accusative plural)
प्रबुधा (instrumental singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रभुद्भिः (instrumental plural)
प्रबुधे (dative singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रभुद्भ्यः (dative plural)
प्रबुधः (ablative singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रभुद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रबुधः (genitive singular)
प्रबुधोः (dual genitive)
प्रबुधाम् (genitive plural)
प्रबुधि (locative singular)
प्रबुधोः (dual locative)
प्रभुत्सु (locative plural)
प्रभुत् (nominative singular)
प्रबुधौ (dual nominative)
प्रबुधा1 (dual nominative)
प्रबुधः (nominative plural)
प्रभुत् (singular vocative)
प्रबुधौ (dual vocative)
प्रबुधा1 (dual vocative)
प्रबुधः (plural vocative)
प्रबुधम् (accusative singular)
प्रबुधौ (accusative dual)
प्रबुधा1 (accusative dual)
प्रबुधः (accusative plural)
प्रबुधा (instrumental singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रभुद्भिः (instrumental plural)
प्रबुधे (dative singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रभुद्भ्यः (dative plural)
प्रबुधः (ablative singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रभुद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रबुधः (genitive singular)
प्रबुधोः (dual genitive)
प्रबुधाम् (genitive plural)
प्रबुधि (locative singular)
प्रबुधोः (dual locative)
प्रभुत्सु (locative plural)
प्रभुत् (nominative singular)
प्रबुधी (dual nominative)
प्रबुन्धि (nominative plural)
प्रभुत् (singular vocative)
प्रबुधी (dual vocative)
प्रबुन्धि (plural vocative)
प्रभुत् (accusative singular)
प्रबुधी (accusative dual)
प्रबुन्धि (accusative plural)
प्रबुधा (instrumental singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रभुद्भिः (instrumental plural)
प्रबुधे (dative singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रभुद्भ्यः (dative plural)
प्रबुधः (ablative singular)
प्रभुद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रभुद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रबुधः (genitive singular)
प्रबुधोः (dual genitive)
प्रबुधाम् (genitive plural)
प्रबुधि (locative singular)
प्रबुधोः (dual locative)
प्रभुत्सु (locative plural)


वायु

vāyú (romanization)
वा (root)
वायुः (nominative singular)
वायू (dual nominative)
वायवः (nominative plural)
वायो (singular vocative)
वायू (dual vocative)
वायवः (plural vocative)
वायुम् (accusative singular)
वायू (accusative dual)
वायून् (accusative plural)
वायुना (instrumental singular)
वाय्वा1 (instrumental singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वायुभिः (instrumental plural)
वायवे (dative singular)
वाय्वे1 (dative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dative dual)
वायुभ्यः (dative plural)
वायोः (ablative singular)
वाय्वः1 (ablative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वायुभ्यः (ablative plural)
वायोः (genitive singular)
वाय्वः1 (genitive singular)
वाय्वोः (dual genitive)
वायूनाम् (genitive plural)
वायौ (locative singular)
वाय्वोः (dual locative)
वायुषु (locative plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwaHyúš
Sanskrit वायु (vāyu)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwaHyúš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁yús (“wind, air”), from *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬎 (vaiiu), Lithuanian vejas.

inh

यस्य॑ वा॒योर्इव द्र॒वद्भ॒द्रा रा॒तिः स॑ह॒स्रिणी॑।
स॒द्यो दा॒नाय॒ मंह॑ते॥
yásya vāyórívá dravádbhadrā́ rātíḥ sahasríṇī.

Of whom, prompt as the wind, the liberal donation of thousands of cattle have been quickly given to me soliciting a gift.

(medicine) the windy humour or any morbid affection of it


वायु

vāyú (romanization)
वायुः (nominative singular)
वायू (dual nominative)
वायवः (nominative plural)
वायो (singular vocative)
वायू (dual vocative)
वायवः (plural vocative)
वायुम् (accusative singular)
वायू (accusative dual)
वायून् (accusative plural)
वायुना (instrumental singular)
वाय्वा1 (instrumental singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वायुभिः (instrumental plural)
वायवे (dative singular)
वाय्वे1 (dative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dative dual)
वायुभ्यः (dative plural)
वायोः (ablative singular)
वाय्वः1 (ablative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वायुभ्यः (ablative plural)
वायोः (genitive singular)
वाय्वः1 (genitive singular)
वाय्वोः (dual genitive)
वायूनाम् (genitive plural)
वायौ (locative singular)
वाय्वोः (dual locative)
वायुषु (locative plural)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ވައި (vai)

Javanese: ꦧꦪꦸ (bayu)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀬𑀼 (vāyu)

→ Marathi: वायू (vāyū)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਵਾ (vā), ਵਾਓ (vāo), ਵਾਉ (vāu)

Pali: vāyu

→ Khmer: ព្យុះ (pyuh)

→ Lao: ພາຍຸ (phā nyu)

→ Lü: ᦘᦍᦳ (phyu)

→ Malay: bayu

→ Thai: พายุ (paa-yú)

→ Assamese: বায়ু (bayu) (learned)

→ Bengali: বায়ু (baẏu) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: वायु (vāyu)

Urdu: وَایُو (vāyū)

→ Kannada: ವಾಯು (vāyu) (learned)

→ Tamil: வாயு (vāyu) (learned)

→ Telugu: వాయువు (vāyuvu) (learned)

पीवो॑अन्नाँ रयि॒वृध॑: सुमे॒धाः श्वे॒तः सि॑षक्ति नि॒युता॑मभि॒श्रीः ।
ते वा॒यवे॒ सम॑नसो॒ वि त॑स्थु॒र्विश्वेन्नर॑: स्वप॒त्यानि॑ चक्रुः ॥
pī́voannām̐ rayivṛ́dha: sumedhā́ḥ śvetáḥ siṣakti niyútāmabhiśrī́ḥ.
té vāyáve sámanaso ví tasthurvíśvénnára: svapatyā́ni cakruḥ.

The white-complexioned Vāyu, intelligent, glorious with the Niyut steeds, favours those men who arewell fed, abounding in riches, for they with one mind stand everywhere, ready to worship him, and leaders of rites, they perform all the ceremonies, that are productive of excellent offspring.

vabbāpi

वाय्वापि (vāyvāpi, “friend of the wind”), see: वातापि (vātāpi, “same as vāyvāpi”)


वायु

vāyú (romanization)
वायुः (nominative singular)
वायू (dual nominative)
वायवः (nominative plural)
वायो (singular vocative)
वायू (dual vocative)
वायवः (plural vocative)
वायुम् (accusative singular)
वायू (accusative dual)
वायून् (accusative plural)
वायुना (instrumental singular)
वाय्वा1 (instrumental singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वायुभिः (instrumental plural)
वायवे (dative singular)
वाय्वे1 (dative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dative dual)
वायुभ्यः (dative plural)
वायोः (ablative singular)
वाय्वः1 (ablative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वायुभ्यः (ablative plural)
वायोः (genitive singular)
वाय्वः1 (genitive singular)
वाय्वोः (dual genitive)
वायूनाम् (genitive plural)
वायौ (locative singular)
वाय्वोः (dual locative)
वायुषु (locative plural)
वायुः (nominative singular)
वायू (dual nominative)
वायवः (nominative plural)
वायो (singular vocative)
वायू (dual vocative)
वायवः (plural vocative)
वायुम् (accusative singular)
वायू (accusative dual)
वायूः (accusative plural)
वाय्वा (instrumental singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वायुभिः (instrumental plural)
वायवे (dative singular)
वाय्वै1 (dative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dative dual)
वायुभ्यः (dative plural)
वायोः (ablative singular)
वाय्वाः1 (ablative singular)
वाय्वै2 (ablative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वायुभ्यः (ablative plural)
वायोः (genitive singular)
वाय्वाः1 (genitive singular)
वाय्वै2 (genitive singular)
वाय्वोः (dual genitive)
वायूनाम् (genitive plural)
वायौ (locative singular)
वाय्वाम्1 (locative singular)
वाय्वोः (dual locative)
वायुषु (locative plural)
वायु (nominative singular)
वायुनी (dual nominative)
वायूनि (nominative plural)
वायु1 (nominative plural)
वायू1 (nominative plural)
वायु (singular vocative)
वायो (singular vocative)
वायुनी (dual vocative)
वायूनि (plural vocative)
वायु1 (plural vocative)
वायू1 (plural vocative)
वायु (accusative singular)
वायुनी (accusative dual)
वायूनि (accusative plural)
वायु1 (accusative plural)
वायू1 (accusative plural)
वायुना (instrumental singular)
वाय्वा1 (instrumental singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वायुभिः (instrumental plural)
वायुने (dative singular)
वायवे1 (dative singular)
वाय्वे1 (dative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (dative dual)
वायुभ्यः (dative plural)
वायुनः (ablative singular)
वायोः1 (ablative singular)
वाय्वः1 (ablative singular)
वायुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वायुभ्यः (ablative plural)
वायुनः (genitive singular)
वायोः1 (genitive singular)
वाय्वः1 (genitive singular)
वायुनोः (dual genitive)
वायूनाम् (genitive plural)
वायुनि (locative singular)
वायौ1 (locative singular)
वायुनोः (dual locative)
वायुषु (locative plural)


वायु

desirous, covetous, greedy (for food, applied to calves)


वृत्रहन्

head

वृत्रहन् • (vṛtrahán)

vṛtrahán (romanization)
वृत्रहा (nominative singular)
वृत्रहणाउ (dual nominative)
वृत्रहणः (nominative plural)
वृत्रहन् (singular vocative)
वृत्रहणाउ (dual vocative)
वृत्रहणः (plural vocative)
वृत्रहणम् (accusative singular)
वृत्रघ्नः (accusative plural)
वृत्रघ्ना (instrumental singular)
वृत्रहभिः (instrumental plural)
वृत्रघ्ने (dative singular)
वृत्रहभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृत्रहभ्यः (dative plural)
वृत्रघ्नः (ablative singular)
वृत्रघ्नाम् (ablative plural)
वृत्रघ्नः (genitive singular)
वृत्रघ्नोः (dual genitive)
वृत्रघ्नाम् (genitive plural)
वृत्रघ्नि (locative singular)
वृत्रहणि (locative singular)
वृत्रघ्नोः (dual locative)
वृत्रहसु (locative plural)
वृत्रघ्नी (nominative singular)
वृत्रघ्न्यौ (dual nominative)
वृत्रघ्नी1 (dual nominative)
वृत्रघ्न्यः (nominative plural)
वृत्रघ्नीः1 (nominative plural)
वृत्रघ्णि (singular vocative)
वृत्रघ्न्यौ (dual vocative)
वृत्रघ्नी1 (dual vocative)
वृत्रघ्न्यः (plural vocative)
वृत्रघ्नीः1 (plural vocative)
वृत्रघ्नीम् (accusative singular)
वृत्रघ्न्यौ (accusative dual)
वृत्रघ्नी1 (accusative dual)
वृत्रघ्नीः (accusative plural)
वृत्रघ्न्या (instrumental singular)
वृत्रघ्नीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृत्रघ्नीभिः (instrumental plural)
वृत्रघ्न्यै (dative singular)
वृत्रघ्नीभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृत्रघ्नीभ्यः (dative plural)
वृत्रघ्न्याः (ablative singular)
वृत्रघ्न्यै2 (ablative singular)
वृत्रघ्नीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृत्रघ्नीभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृत्रघ्न्याः (genitive singular)
वृत्रघ्न्यै2 (genitive singular)
वृत्रघ्न्योः (dual genitive)
वृत्रघ्नीनाम् (genitive plural)
वृत्रघ्न्याम् (locative singular)
वृत्रघ्न्योः (dual locative)
वृत्रघ्नीषु (locative plural)
वृत्रह (nominative singular)
वृत्रह्णी (dual nominative)
वृत्रहणी (dual nominative)
वृत्रहाणि (nominative plural)
वृत्रह1 (nominative plural)
वृत्रहा1 (nominative plural)
वृत्रहन् (singular vocative)
वृत्रह (singular vocative)
वृत्रह्णी (dual vocative)
वृत्रहणी (dual vocative)
वृत्रहाणि (plural vocative)
वृत्रह1 (plural vocative)
वृत्रहा1 (plural vocative)
वृत्रह (accusative singular)
वृत्रह्णी (accusative dual)
वृत्रहणी (accusative dual)
वृत्रहाणि (accusative plural)
वृत्रह1 (accusative plural)
वृत्रहा1 (accusative plural)
वृत्रह्णा (instrumental singular)
वृत्रहभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृत्रहभिः (instrumental plural)
वृत्रह्णे (dative singular)
वृत्रहभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृत्रहभ्यः (dative plural)
वृत्रह्णः (ablative singular)
वृत्रहभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृत्रहभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृत्रह्णः (genitive singular)
वृत्रह्णोः (dual genitive)
वृत्रह्णाम् (genitive plural)
वृत्रह्णि (locative singular)
वृत्रहणि (locative singular)
वृत्रहन्1 (locative singular)
वृत्रह्णोः (dual locative)
वृत्रहसु (locative plural)

/ʋr̩t.ɾɐ.ɦɐ́n/

/ˈʋr̩t̪.ɾɐ.ɦɐn̪/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥traǰʰā́. Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬘𐬀𐬥 (vər^əθrajan).

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

killing enemies or Vritra, victorious (mostly applied to Indra, but also to Agni and even to Sarasvati)


दम्पति

dámpati (romanization)
दम्पतिः (nominative singular)
दम्पती (dual nominative)
दम्पतयः (nominative plural)
दम्पते (singular vocative)
दम्पती (dual vocative)
दम्पतयः (plural vocative)
दम्पतिम् (accusative singular)
दम्पती (accusative dual)
दम्पतीन् (accusative plural)
दम्पतिना (instrumental singular)
दम्पत्या1 (instrumental singular)
दम्पतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दम्पतिभिः (instrumental plural)
दम्पतये (dative singular)
दम्पतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
दम्पतिभ्यः (dative plural)
दम्पतेः (ablative singular)
दम्पत्यः1 (ablative singular)
दम्पतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दम्पतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
दम्पतेः (genitive singular)
दम्पत्यः1 (genitive singular)
दम्पत्योः (dual genitive)
दम्पतीनाम् (genitive plural)
दम्पतौ (locative singular)
दम्पता1 (locative singular)
दम्पत्योः (dual locative)
दम्पतिषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: दंपति (dampti)

→ Old Javanese: dampatī

→ Malayalam: ദമ്പതി (dampati)

→ Punjabi: ਦੰਪਤੀ (dampatī)

→ Tamil: தம்பதி (tampati)

→ Telugu: దంపతులు (dampatulu)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dáms-patiṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáms-patiš, from Proto-Indo-European *déms pótis (“master of the house”), from *dṓm (“house”) (whence दम (dáma, “house, home”)) + *pótis (“master”) (whence पति (páti, “lord, master; husband”)). Cognate with Ancient Greek δεσπότης (despótēs, “lord, master”), whence English despot.

cog

ubʰā́ rajī́ ná keśínā pátir dán

(please add the primary text of this usage example)


पाप

pāpá (romanization)
pā́pa (romanization)
पापः (nominative singular)
पापौ (dual nominative)
पापा1 (dual nominative)
पापाः (nominative plural)
पापासः1 (nominative plural)
पाप (singular vocative)
पापौ (dual vocative)
पापा1 (dual vocative)
पापाः (plural vocative)
पापासः1 (plural vocative)
पापम् (accusative singular)
पापौ (accusative dual)
पापा1 (accusative dual)
पापान् (accusative plural)
पापेन (instrumental singular)
पापाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पापैः (instrumental plural)
पापेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पापाय (dative singular)
पापाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पापेभ्यः (dative plural)
पापात् (ablative singular)
पापाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पापेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पापस्य (genitive singular)
पापयोः (dual genitive)
पापानाम् (genitive plural)
पापे (locative singular)
पापयोः (dual locative)
पापेषु (locative plural)
पापा (nominative singular)
पापे (dual nominative)
पापाः (nominative plural)
पापे (singular vocative)
पापे (dual vocative)
पापाः (plural vocative)
पापाम् (accusative singular)
पापे (accusative dual)
पापाः (accusative plural)
पापया (instrumental singular)
पापा1 (instrumental singular)
पापाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पापाभिः (instrumental plural)
पापायै (dative singular)
पापाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पापाभ्यः (dative plural)
पापायाः (ablative singular)
पापायै2 (ablative singular)
पापाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पापाभ्यः (ablative plural)
पापायाः (genitive singular)
पापायै2 (genitive singular)
पापयोः (dual genitive)
पापानाम् (genitive plural)
पापायाम् (locative singular)
पापयोः (dual locative)
पापासु (locative plural)
पापम् (nominative singular)
पापे (dual nominative)
पापानि (nominative plural)
पापा1 (nominative plural)
पाप (singular vocative)
पापे (dual vocative)
पापानि (plural vocative)
पापा1 (plural vocative)
पापम् (accusative singular)
पापे (accusative dual)
पापानि (accusative plural)
पापा1 (accusative plural)
पापेन (instrumental singular)
पापाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पापैः (instrumental plural)
पापेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पापाय (dative singular)
पापाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पापेभ्यः (dative plural)
पापात् (ablative singular)
पापाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पापेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पापस्य (genitive singular)
पापयोः (dual genitive)
पापानाम् (genitive plural)
पापे (locative singular)
पापयोः (dual locative)
पापेषु (locative plural)
पापी (nominative singular)
पाप्यौ (dual nominative)
पापी1 (dual nominative)
पाप्यः (nominative plural)
पापीः1 (nominative plural)
पापि (singular vocative)
पाप्यौ (dual vocative)
पापी1 (dual vocative)
पाप्यः (plural vocative)
पापीः1 (plural vocative)
पापीम् (accusative singular)
पाप्यौ (accusative dual)
पापी1 (accusative dual)
पापीः (accusative plural)
पाप्या (instrumental singular)
पापीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पापीभिः (instrumental plural)
पाप्यै (dative singular)
पापीभ्याम् (dative dual)
पापीभ्यः (dative plural)
पाप्याः (ablative singular)
पाप्यै2 (ablative singular)
पापीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पापीभ्यः (ablative plural)
पाप्याः (genitive singular)
पाप्यै2 (genitive singular)
पाप्योः (dual genitive)
पापीनाम् (genitive plural)
पाप्याम् (locative singular)
पाप्योः (dual locative)
पापीषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pāpás. Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬁𐬞𐬀 (pāpa).

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

bad, vicious, wicked, evil, wretched, vile, low


पाप

pāpá (romanization)
पापः (nominative singular)
पापौ (dual nominative)
पापा1 (dual nominative)
पापाः (nominative plural)
पापासः1 (nominative plural)
पाप (singular vocative)
पापौ (dual vocative)
पापा1 (dual vocative)
पापाः (plural vocative)
पापासः1 (plural vocative)
पापम् (accusative singular)
पापौ (accusative dual)
पापा1 (accusative dual)
पापान् (accusative plural)
पापेन (instrumental singular)
पापाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पापैः (instrumental plural)
पापेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पापाय (dative singular)
पापाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पापेभ्यः (dative plural)
पापात् (ablative singular)
पापाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पापेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पापस्य (genitive singular)
पापयोः (dual genitive)
पापानाम् (genitive plural)
पापे (locative singular)
पापयोः (dual locative)
पापेषु (locative plural)

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


पाप

pāpá (romanization)
पापम् (nominative singular)
पापे (dual nominative)
पापानि (nominative plural)
पापा1 (nominative plural)
पाप (singular vocative)
पापे (dual vocative)
पापानि (plural vocative)
पापा1 (plural vocative)
पापम् (accusative singular)
पापे (accusative dual)
पापानि (accusative plural)
पापा1 (accusative plural)
पापेन (instrumental singular)
पापाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पापैः (instrumental plural)
पापेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पापाय (dative singular)
पापाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पापेभ्यः (dative plural)
पापात् (ablative singular)
पापाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पापेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पापस्य (genitive singular)
पापयोः (dual genitive)
पापानाम् (genitive plural)
पापे (locative singular)
पापयोः (dual locative)
पापेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀬 (pāya)

Pali: pāpa

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀯 (pāva)

Old Gujarati: पाव (pāv)

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

evil, misfortune, ill-luck, trouble, mischief, harm

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


सखि

sákhi (romanization)
सखी (feminine)
सखा (nominative singular)
सखायौ (dual nominative)
सखायः (nominative plural)
सखे (singular vocative)
सखायौ (dual vocative)
सखायः (plural vocative)
सखायम् (accusative singular)
सखायौ (accusative dual)
सखीन् (accusative plural)
सख्या (instrumental singular)
सखिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सखिभिः (instrumental plural)
सख्ये (dative singular)
सखिभ्याम् (dative dual)
सखिभ्यः (dative plural)
सख्युः (ablative singular)
सखिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सखिभ्यः (ablative plural)
सख्युः (genitive singular)
सख्योः (dual genitive)
सखीनाम् (genitive plural)
सख्यौ (locative singular)
सख्योः (dual locative)
सखिषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sákʰā, from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷH- (“friend, companion”), from *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬑𐬌 (haxi, “friend”), Latin socius (“partner, companion”), Proto-Germanic *sagjaz (“warrior, retainer”), Old English secg (“man, warrior, hero”).

cog

वयं ते अस्यामिन्द्र द्युम्नहूतौ सखायः स्याम महिन प्रेष्ठाः ।

O Indra, at this holy invocation, may we be thy friends and thy most beloved.

vayaṃ te asyāmindra dyumnahūtau sakhāyaḥ syāma mahina preṣṭhāḥ.

the husband of the wife's sister, brother-in-law


नृ

nṛ́ (romanization)
ना (nominative singular)
नरौ (dual nominative)
नरा1 (dual nominative)
नरः (nominative plural)
नारः (nominative plural)
नः (singular vocative)
नरौ (dual vocative)
नरा1 (dual vocative)
नरः (plural vocative)
नारः (plural vocative)
नरम् (accusative singular)
नरौ (accusative dual)
नरा1 (accusative dual)
नॄन् (accusative plural)
नरा (instrumental singular)
नृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नृभिः (instrumental plural)
नृभिः (instrumental plural)
नरे (dative singular)
नृभ्याम् (dative dual)
नृभ्यः (dative plural)
नृभ्यः (dative plural)
नरः (ablative singular)
नृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नृभ्यः (ablative plural)
नृभ्यः (ablative plural)
नरः (genitive singular)
न्रोः (dual genitive)
नराम् (genitive plural)
नरअम् (genitive plural)
नृणाम् (genitive plural)
नॄणाम् (genitive plural)
नरि (locative singular)
न्रोः (dual locative)
नृषु (locative plural)
नृषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun-m

This term displays a wide variety of anomalous/archaic forms including:
Inst.sg. नरा (nárā) for expected *न्रा (*nrā́)
Dat.sg. नरे (náre) for expected *न्रे (*nré).
Abl/gen.sg. नरः (náraḥ) for expected *नुः (*núḥ)
Archaic Vedic gen.pl. नराम् (narā́m), often distracted to naráam
Vedic gen.pl. spelling नृणाम् (nṛṇā́m) often scanned as नॄणाम् (nṝṇā́m)
Oxytonic inst.pl. नृभिः (nṛbhíḥ), dat/abl.pl. नृभ्यः (nṛbhyáḥ), loc.pl. नृषु (nṛṣú)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnā́ (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr (“man”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬭 (nar), Old Armenian այր (ayr), Ancient Greek ἀνήρ (anḗr), Persian نر (nar).

इन्द्रा॑ ह॒ रत्नं॒ वरु॑णा॒ धेष्ठे॒त्था नृभ्य॑: शशमा॒नेभ्य॒स्ता।
यदी॒ सखा॑या स॒ख्याय॒ सोमै॑: सु॒तेभि॑: सुप्र॒यसा॑ मा॒दयै॑ते॥
índrā ha rátnaṃ váruṇā dhéṣṭhetthā́ nṛ́bhya: śaśamānébhyastā́.
yádī sákhāyā sakhyā́ya sómai: sutébhi: suprayásā mādáyaite.

Indra and Varuṇa are most liberal givers of treasure to the men who toil to serve them, when they, as Friends inclined to friendship, honoured with dainty food, delight in flowing Soma.


अथर्ववेद

/ɐ.tʰɐɾ.ʋɐ.ʋɐj.dɐ/

/ɐ.t̪ʰɐɾ.ʋɐˈʋeː.d̪ɐ/

अथर्वन् (atharvan, “a type of priest”) + वेद (veda, “knowledge”).


नराशंस

head

नराशंस • (nárā-śáṃsa) m

nárā-śáṃsa (romanization)
नराशंसः (nominative singular)
नराशंसौ (dual nominative)
नराशंसा1 (dual nominative)
नराशंसाः (nominative plural)
नराशंसासः1 (nominative plural)
नराशंस (singular vocative)
नराशंसौ (dual vocative)
नराशंसा1 (dual vocative)
नराशंसाः (plural vocative)
नराशंसासः1 (plural vocative)
नराशंसम् (accusative singular)
नराशंसौ (accusative dual)
नराशंसा1 (accusative dual)
नराशंसान् (accusative plural)
नराशंसेन (instrumental singular)
नराशंसाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नराशंसैः (instrumental plural)
नराशंसेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नराशंसाय (dative singular)
नराशंसाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नराशंसेभ्यः (dative plural)
नराशंसात् (ablative singular)
नराशंसाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नराशंसेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नराशंसस्य (genitive singular)
नराशंसयोः (dual genitive)
नराशंसानाम् (genitive plural)
नराशंसे (locative singular)
नराशंसयोः (dual locative)
नराशंसेषु (locative plural)

/n̪ɐ́.ɽɑː.ɕɐ̃́.s̪ɐ/

/n̪ɐ.ɽɑːˈɕɐ̃.s̪ɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hnárāśánsas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnárāćánsas. Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬋⸱𐬯𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀 (naⁱriiō.saŋha, “Nairyosangha”, literally “potent utterance”).

cog

𐬥𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬋⸱𐬯𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀

Possibly literally 'the desire or praise of men': a mystical name of Agni


ऋग्वेद

ṛgvéda (romanization)
ऋग्वेदः (nominative singular)
ऋग्वेदौ (dual nominative)
ऋग्वेदा1 (dual nominative)
ऋग्वेदाः (nominative plural)
ऋग्वेदासः1 (nominative plural)
ऋग्वेद (singular vocative)
ऋग्वेदौ (dual vocative)
ऋग्वेदा1 (dual vocative)
ऋग्वेदाः (plural vocative)
ऋग्वेदासः1 (plural vocative)
ऋग्वेदम् (accusative singular)
ऋग्वेदौ (accusative dual)
ऋग्वेदा1 (accusative dual)
ऋग्वेदान् (accusative plural)
ऋग्वेदेन (instrumental singular)
ऋग्वेदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋग्वेदैः (instrumental plural)
ऋग्वेदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ऋग्वेदाय (dative singular)
ऋग्वेदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋग्वेदेभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋग्वेदात् (ablative singular)
ऋग्वेदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋग्वेदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋग्वेदस्य (genitive singular)
ऋग्वेदयोः (dual genitive)
ऋग्वेदानाम् (genitive plural)
ऋग्वेदे (locative singular)
ऋग्वेदयोः (dual locative)
ऋग्वेदेषु (locative plural)

Pali: irubbeda

→ English: Rigveda

→ Hindi: ऋग्वेद (ŕgved)

→ Kannada: ಋಗ್ವೇದ (ṛgvēda)

desc

இருக்கு வேதம்

→ Tamil: இருக்கு வேதம் (irukku vētam)

/r̩ɡˈʋeː.d̪ɐ/

From ऋच् (ṛ́c, “praise”) + वेद (véda, “knowledge”).

af

(Hinduism) Rigveda, first of the four Vedas.


अभि

head

अभि • (abhí)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Habʰí, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Habʰí, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“round about, around”). Cognate with Latin ambi-, Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí), Old Persian 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 (abiy, “towards, against, upon”), Old High German umbi, Old Irish imb (“around”).

cog

(with accusative) to, towards, in the direction of, against

on, upon, with regard to, by, before, in front of

over. It may even express one after the other, severally


वेत्ति

sa-verb

वेत्ति • (vétti) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, present, root विद्)

vétti (romanization)
विद् (root)
वेत्ति (present)
वित्ते (present)
वेत्ति (active indicative singular third-person)
वित्तः (active dual indicative third-person)
विदन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
वित्ते (indicative singular third-person)
विदाते (dual indicative third-person)
विदते (indicative plural third-person)
वेत्सि (active indicative second-person singular)
वित्थः (active dual indicative second-person)
वित्थ (active indicative plural second-person)
वित्से (indicative second-person singular)
विदाथे (dual indicative second-person)
विद्ध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
वेद्मि (active first-person indicative singular)
विद्वः (active dual first-person indicative)
विद्मः (active first-person indicative plural)
विद्मसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
विदे (first-person indicative singular)
विद्वहे (dual first-person indicative)
विद्महे (first-person indicative plural)
वेत्तु (active imperative singular third-person)
वित्ताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
विदन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
वित्ताम् (imperative singular third-person)
विदाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
विदताम् (imperative plural third-person)
विद्धि (active imperative second-person singular)
वित्तम् (active dual imperative second-person)
वित्त (active imperative plural second-person)
वित्स्व (imperative second-person singular)
विदाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
विद्ध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
वेदानि (active first-person imperative singular)
वेदाव (active dual first-person imperative)
वेदाम (active first-person imperative plural)
वेदै (first-person imperative singular)
वेदावहै (dual first-person imperative)
वेदामहै (first-person imperative plural)
विद्यात् (active imperative singular third-person)
विद्याताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
विद्युः (active imperative plural third-person)
विदीत (imperative singular third-person)
विदीयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
विदीरन् (imperative plural third-person)
विद्याः (active imperative second-person singular)
विद्यातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
विद्यात (active imperative plural second-person)
विदीथाः (imperative second-person singular)
विदीयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
विदीध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
विद्याम् (active first-person imperative singular)
विद्याव (active dual first-person imperative)
विद्याम (active first-person imperative plural)
विदीय (first-person imperative singular)
विदीवहि (dual first-person imperative)
विदीमहि (first-person imperative plural)
वेदत् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
वेदति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
वेदतः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
वेदन् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
वेदते (singular subjunctive third-person)
वेदातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
वेदैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
वेदन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
वेदान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
वेदः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
वेदसि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
वेदथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
वेदथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
वेदसे (second-person singular subjunctive)
वेदासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
वेदैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
वेदाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
वेदानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
वेदा (active first-person singular subjunctive)
वेदाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
वेदाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
वेदै (first-person singular subjunctive)
वेदावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
वेदामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
विदत् (active participle)
विदान (participle)
अवेत् (imperfect)
अवित्त (imperfect)
अवेत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अवित्ताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अविदन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अविदुः (active indicative plural third-person)
अवित्त (indicative singular third-person)
अविदाताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अविदत (indicative plural third-person)
अवेत् (active indicative second-person singular)
अवित्तम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अवित्त (active indicative plural second-person)
अवित्थाः (indicative second-person singular)
अविदाथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अविद्ध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अवेदम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अविद्व (active dual first-person indicative)
अविद्म (active first-person indicative plural)
अविदि (first-person indicative singular)
अविद्वहि (dual first-person indicative)
अविद्महि (first-person indicative plural)

A secondary present verb from the perfect वेद (véda, “to know”), from Proto-Indo-European *wóyde.

(with infinitive)

विद्धि यथा

विद्यात्

one should know / it should be understood

य एवं वेद

who knows thus / who has this knowledge (Br.)

(with accusative, in older language also with genitive) to know, understand, perceive, learn, become or be acquainted with, be conscious of, have a correct notion of (RV. etc.)

तं स्थविरं विदुः

राजर्षिरिति मां विदुः ― rājarṣir iti māṃ viduḥ ― they consider me a rājarṣi

(usually in third-person plural, or with accusative and nominative with इति (iti)) to know, regard, consider as, take for, declare to be, call (Up., Mn., MBh. etc.)

(with genitive or accusative) to mind, notice, observe, remember (RV., ŚBr., MBh.)

(with accusative or genitive) to experience, feel (RV. etc.)

(with accusative) to wish to know, inquire about (RV., AV., Br.)

→ causative वेदयते (vedáyate), rarely वेदयति (vedáyati), aorist अवीविदत् (avīvidat), passive वेद्यते (vedyate)

(in causative) to make known, announce, report, tell (ŚBr. etc.)

(with two accusatives) to recognize or regard as, take for (MBh., Kāv.)

→ desiderative of causative विवेदयिषु (vivedayiṣu), desiderative विविदिषति (vividiṣati) or विवित्सति (vivitsati), intensive वेविद्यते (vevidyate), वेवेत्ति (vevetti)

(in desiderative, with accusative) to wish to know or learn, inquire about (ŚBr. etc.)


भग

bhága (romanization)
भगः (nominative singular)
भगौ (dual nominative)
भगा1 (dual nominative)
भगाः (nominative plural)
भगासः1 (nominative plural)
भग (singular vocative)
भगौ (dual vocative)
भगा1 (dual vocative)
भगाः (plural vocative)
भगासः1 (plural vocative)
भगम् (accusative singular)
भगौ (accusative dual)
भगा1 (accusative dual)
भगान् (accusative plural)
भगेन (instrumental singular)
भगाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भगैः (instrumental plural)
भगेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भगाय (dative singular)
भगाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भगेभ्यः (dative plural)
भगात् (ablative singular)
भगाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भगेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भगस्य (genitive singular)
भगयोः (dual genitive)
भगानाम् (genitive plural)
भगे (locative singular)
भगयोः (dual locative)
भगेषु (locative plural)

→ English: Bhaga

→ Hindi: भग (bhag)

Pali: bhaga

→ Tamil: பகன் (pakaṉ)

→ Telugu: భగము (bhagamu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás
Sanskrit भग (bhaga)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂g-ó-s, from *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide, distribute”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬖𐬀 (baγa, “god”) Old Persian 𐎲𐎥 (baga, “god”). Compare also Proto-Slavic *bogъ, an Iranian borrowing. The Sanskrit root is भज् (bhaj).

etymon

तान्पूर्व॑या नि॒विदा॑ हूमहे व॒यं भगं॑ मि॒त्रमदि॑तिं॒ दक्ष॑म॒स्रिध॑म्।
अ॒र्य॒मणं॒ वरु॑णं॒ सोम॑म॒श्विना॒ सर॑स्वती नः सु॒भगा॒ मय॑स्करत्॥
tā́npū́rvayā nivídā hūmahe vayáṃ bhágaṃ mitrámáditiṃ dákṣamasrídham.
aryamáṇaṃ váruṇaṃ sómamaśvínā sárasvatī naḥ subhágā máyaskarat.

We invoke them with an ancient text, Bhaga, Mitra, Aditi, Dakṣa, Asridh, Aryaman, Varuṇa, Soma, the Aśvins; and may the gracious Sarasvatī grant us happiness.

(Vedic religion, Hinduism) Bhaga, one of the Adityas, a god of wealth and marriage in Hinduism. In the Rigveda Bhaga is the god who supervises the distribution of goods and destiny to each man corresponding to his merits.

"dispenser", gracious lord, patron (applied to gods, especially to Savitṛ)

good fortune, happiness, welfare, prosperity

dignity, majesty, distinction, excellence, beauty, loveliness

love, affection, sexual passion, amorous pleasure, dalliance

the female organs, pudendum muliebre, vulva


अङ्गार

áṅgāra (romanization)
अङ्गारः (nominative singular)
अङ्गारौ (dual nominative)
अङ्गारा1 (dual nominative)
अङ्गाराः (nominative plural)
अङ्गारासः1 (nominative plural)
अङ्गार (singular vocative)
अङ्गारौ (dual vocative)
अङ्गारा1 (dual vocative)
अङ्गाराः (plural vocative)
अङ्गारासः1 (plural vocative)
अङ्गारम् (accusative singular)
अङ्गारौ (accusative dual)
अङ्गारा1 (accusative dual)
अङ्गारान् (accusative plural)
अङ्गारेण (instrumental singular)
अङ्गाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अङ्गारैः (instrumental plural)
अङ्गारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अङ्गाराय (dative singular)
अङ्गाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अङ्गारेभ्यः (dative plural)
अङ्गारात् (ablative singular)
अङ्गाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अङ्गारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अङ्गारस्य (genitive singular)
अङ्गारयोः (dual genitive)
अङ्गाराणाम् (genitive plural)
अङ्गारे (locative singular)
अङ्गारयोः (dual locative)
अङ्गारेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀭 (aṃgāra)

Bengali-Assamese:

Assamese: এঙাৰ (eṅar), আঙাৰ (aṅar)

→ Bengali: অঙ্গার (oṅgar)

desc

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀭 (aṃgāra), 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀮 (aṃgāla)

Konkani: इंगाळो (iṅgāḷô)

Old Marathi: इंगळ (iṅgaḷa)

Marathi: इंगळ (iṅgaḷ)

Pali: aṅgāra

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀭 (aṃgāra)

Gujarati: અંગારો (aṅgāro)

Hindustani:

Hindi: अंगार (aṅgār), अंगारा (aṅgārā)

Urdu: انگار (aṅgār), انگارا (aṅgārā)

Punjabi: ਅੰਗਾਰ (aṅgār), ਅੰਗਿਆਰ (aṅgiāra)

desctree

Romani: angar
Angloromani:
→ English: wonga

→ Burmese: အင်္ဂါ (angga)

desc

→ Khmer: អង្គារ (ʼɑɑʼɑngkiə)

→ Khmer: អង្គារ (ʼɑɑʼɑngkiə)

→ Lao: ອັງຄານ (ʼang khān)

→ Mongolian: Ангараг (Angarag)

→ Mon: အၚါ

desctree

→ Old Javanese: aṅgara
→ Balinese: ᬅᬗ᭄ᬕᬭ (Anggara)

→ Sinhalese: අඟහරු (aⁿgaharu)

desc

→ Shan: ဢင်ႇၵႃႇ (ʼàng kàa)

→ Shan: ဢင်ႇၵႃႇ (ʼàng kàa)

→ Shan: ဢင်းၵၼ်း (ʼáng kán)

→ Shan: ဢင်းၵၼ်း (ʼáng kán)

→ Telugu: అంగారము (aṅgāramu)

⇒ Telugu: అంగారకము (aṅgārakamu)

⇒ Telugu: అంగారకుడు (aṅgārakuḍu)

→ Thai: อังคาร (ang-kaan)

/ɐ́ŋ.ɡɑː.ɾɐ/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁engʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-ōl
Proto-Indo-European *h₁óngʷl̥
Sanskrit अङ्गार (aṅgāra)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hángāras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hángāras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óngʷl̥. Cognate with Old Church Slavonic ѫгль (ǫglĭ), Lithuanian anglis, Old Armenian ածուղ (acuł).

inh+

नी॒चा व॑र्तन्त उ॒परि॑ स्फुरन्त्यह॒स्तासो॒ हस्त॑वन्तं सहन्ते।
दि॒व्या अङ्गा॑रा॒ इरि॑णे॒ न्यु॑प्ताः शी॒ताः सन्तो॒ हृद॑यं॒ निर्द॑हन्ति॥
nīcā́ vartanta upári sphurantyahastā́so hástavantaṃ sahante.

Downward they roll, and then spring quickly upward, and, handless, force the man with hands to serve them.
Cast on the board, like lumps of magic charcoal, though cold themselves they burn the heart to ashes.

divyā́ áṅgārā íriṇe nyùptāḥ śītā́ḥ sánto hṛ́dayaṃ nírdahanti.


अत्ति

sa-verb

अत्ति • (átti) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, root अद्)

átti (romanization)
अद् (root)
अत्ति (present)
अत्ति (active indicative singular third-person)
अत्तः (active dual indicative third-person)
अदन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
अत्सि (active indicative second-person singular)
अत्थः (active dual indicative second-person)
अत्थ (active indicative plural second-person)
अद्मि (active first-person indicative singular)
अद्वः (active dual first-person indicative)
अद्मः (active first-person indicative plural)
अद्मसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
अत्तु (active imperative singular third-person)
अत्ताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
अदन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
अद्धि (active imperative second-person singular)
अत्तम् (active dual imperative second-person)
अत्त (active imperative plural second-person)
अदानि (active first-person imperative singular)
अदाव (active dual first-person imperative)
अदाम (active first-person imperative plural)
अद्यात् (active imperative singular third-person)
अद्याताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
अद्युः (active imperative plural third-person)
अद्याः (active imperative second-person singular)
अद्यातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
अद्यात (active imperative plural second-person)
अद्याम् (active first-person imperative singular)
अद्याव (active dual first-person imperative)
अद्याम (active first-person imperative plural)
अदत् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
अदति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
अदतः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
अदन् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
अदः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
अदसि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
अदथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
अदथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
अदानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
अदा (active first-person singular subjunctive)
अदाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
अदाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
अदत् (active participle)
आदत् (imperfect)
आदत् (active indicative singular third-person)
आत्ताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
आदन् (active indicative plural third-person)
आदः (active indicative second-person singular)
आत्तम् (active dual indicative second-person)
आत्त (active indicative plural second-person)
आदम् (active first-person indicative singular)
आद्व (active dual first-person indicative)
आद्म (active first-person indicative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hátti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hátˢti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁édti (compare Latin edō (“I eat”), Ancient Greek ἔδω (édō, “I eat”), Hittite 𒂊𒀉𒈪 (e-id-mi /ēdmi/, “I eat”), Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti), Old English etan (whence English eat)). The root is derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Had- (compare Avestan 𐬀𐬛- (ad-)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-.


अर्भ

árbha (romanization)
अर्भः (nominative singular)
अर्भौ (dual nominative)
अर्भा1 (dual nominative)
अर्भाः (nominative plural)
अर्भासः1 (nominative plural)
अर्भ (singular vocative)
अर्भौ (dual vocative)
अर्भा1 (dual vocative)
अर्भाः (plural vocative)
अर्भासः1 (plural vocative)
अर्भम् (accusative singular)
अर्भौ (accusative dual)
अर्भा1 (accusative dual)
अर्भान् (accusative plural)
अर्भेण (instrumental singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्भैः (instrumental plural)
अर्भेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्भाय (dative singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्भेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्भात् (ablative singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्भेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्भस्य (genitive singular)
अर्भयोः (dual genitive)
अर्भाणाम् (genitive plural)
अर्भे (locative singular)
अर्भयोः (dual locative)
अर्भेषु (locative plural)
अर्भा (nominative singular)
अर्भे (dual nominative)
अर्भाः (nominative plural)
अर्भे (singular vocative)
अर्भे (dual vocative)
अर्भाः (plural vocative)
अर्भाम् (accusative singular)
अर्भे (accusative dual)
अर्भाः (accusative plural)
अर्भया (instrumental singular)
अर्भा1 (instrumental singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्भाभिः (instrumental plural)
अर्भायै (dative singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्भाभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्भायाः (ablative singular)
अर्भायै2 (ablative singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्भाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्भायाः (genitive singular)
अर्भायै2 (genitive singular)
अर्भयोः (dual genitive)
अर्भाणाम् (genitive plural)
अर्भायाम् (locative singular)
अर्भयोः (dual locative)
अर्भासु (locative plural)
अर्भम् (nominative singular)
अर्भे (dual nominative)
अर्भाणि (nominative plural)
अर्भा1 (nominative plural)
अर्भ (singular vocative)
अर्भे (dual vocative)
अर्भाणि (plural vocative)
अर्भा1 (plural vocative)
अर्भम् (accusative singular)
अर्भे (accusative dual)
अर्भाणि (accusative plural)
अर्भा1 (accusative plural)
अर्भेण (instrumental singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्भैः (instrumental plural)
अर्भेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्भाय (dative singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्भेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्भात् (ablative singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्भेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्भस्य (genitive singular)
अर्भयोः (dual genitive)
अर्भाणाम् (genitive plural)
अर्भे (locative singular)
अर्भयोः (dual locative)
अर्भेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hárbʰas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hárbʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”). Cognate with Latin orbus (“orphaned”), Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphaned”), Old Armenian որբ (orb, “orphan”).
 PIE word
 *h₃órbʰos


अर्भ

arbhá (romanization)
अर्भः (nominative singular)
अर्भौ (dual nominative)
अर्भा1 (dual nominative)
अर्भाः (nominative plural)
अर्भासः1 (nominative plural)
अर्भ (singular vocative)
अर्भौ (dual vocative)
अर्भा1 (dual vocative)
अर्भाः (plural vocative)
अर्भासः1 (plural vocative)
अर्भम् (accusative singular)
अर्भौ (accusative dual)
अर्भा1 (accusative dual)
अर्भान् (accusative plural)
अर्भेण (instrumental singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्भैः (instrumental plural)
अर्भेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्भाय (dative singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्भेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्भात् (ablative singular)
अर्भाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्भेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्भस्य (genitive singular)
अर्भयोः (dual genitive)
अर्भाणाम् (genitive plural)
अर्भे (locative singular)
अर्भयोः (dual locative)
अर्भेषु (locative plural)


शर्करा

śárkarā (romanization)
शर्करा (nominative singular)
शर्करे (dual nominative)
शर्कराः (nominative plural)
शर्करे (singular vocative)
शर्करे (dual vocative)
शर्कराः (plural vocative)
शर्कराम् (accusative singular)
शर्करे (accusative dual)
शर्कराः (accusative plural)
शर्करया (instrumental singular)
शर्करा1 (instrumental singular)
शर्कराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शर्कराभिः (instrumental plural)
शर्करायै (dative singular)
शर्कराभ्याम् (dative dual)
शर्कराभ्यः (dative plural)
शर्करायाः (ablative singular)
शर्करायै2 (ablative singular)
शर्कराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शर्कराभ्यः (ablative plural)
शर्करायाः (genitive singular)
शर्करायै2 (genitive singular)
शर्करयोः (dual genitive)
शर्कराणाम् (genitive plural)
शर्करायाम् (locative singular)
शर्करयोः (dual locative)
शर्करासु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨭𐨐𐨪 (śakara)

→ Middle Persian:

Manichaean script: 𐫢𐫞𐫡 (šqr /šakar/)

desctree

Book Pahlavi script: 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (škl /šakar/)
Persian: شکر (šakar) (see there for further descendants)
→ Arabic: سُكَّر (sukkar) (see there for further descendants)
→ Aramaic:
Classical Syriac: ܫܟܪ (šekkar)
→ Georgian: შაქარი (šakari)
→ Abkhaz: ашьақар (ašakar)
→ Mingrelian: შანქარი (šankari)
→ Svan: შაქარ (šakar)
→ Mingrelian: შანქარი (šankari)
→ Old Armenian: շաքար (šakʻar)
Middle Armenian: շաքար (šakʻar)
Armenian: շաքար (šakʻar)
→? Middle Georgian: შაქარი (šakari)
Georgian: შაქარი (šakari)
→ Abkhaz: ашьақар (ašakar)
→ Mingrelian: შანქარი (šankari)
→ Svan: შაქარ (šakar)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ހަކުރު (hakuru)

desc

Sinhalese: හකුරු (hakuru), සකුරු (sakuru)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: শিকৰ (xikor)

⇒ Assamese: দাঁত-শিকৰ (dãt-xikor)

⇒ Assamese: শিকলিয়া (xikolia)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀭𑀸 (sakkarā)

Konkani: साक्कर (sākkar)

Old Marathi: साकर (sākara)

Marathi: साखर (sākhar)

Pali: sakkharā (see there for further descendants)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: સાકર (sākar)

Hindi: सकर (sakar), सक्कर (sakkar)

Nepali: सखर (sakhar)

/ɕɐ́ɾ.kɐ.ɾɑː/

/ˈɕɐɾ.kɐ.ɾɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śárkaraH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćárkaraH, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“gravel, boulder”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρόκη (krókē, “pebbles”), whence English crocodile.

inh

gravel, grit, pebbles, shingle, gravelly mould or soil (mostly plural)

a fragment or piece of broken earthenware, potsherd


अंहु

head

अंहु • (áṃhu)

áṃhu (romanization)
अंहुः (nominative singular)
अंहू (dual nominative)
अंहवः (nominative plural)
अंहो (singular vocative)
अंहू (dual vocative)
अंहवः (plural vocative)
अंहुम् (accusative singular)
अंहू (accusative dual)
अंहून् (accusative plural)
अंहुना (instrumental singular)
अंह्वा1 (instrumental singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंहुभिः (instrumental plural)
अंहवे (dative singular)
अंह्वे1 (dative singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंहुभ्यः (dative plural)
अंहोः (ablative singular)
अंह्वः1 (ablative singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंहुभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंहोः (genitive singular)
अंह्वः1 (genitive singular)
अंह्वोः (dual genitive)
अंहूनाम् (genitive plural)
अंहौ (locative singular)
अंह्वोः (dual locative)
अंहुषु (locative plural)
अंहुः (nominative singular)
अंहू (dual nominative)
अंहवः (nominative plural)
अंहो (singular vocative)
अंहू (dual vocative)
अंहवः (plural vocative)
अंहुम् (accusative singular)
अंहू (accusative dual)
अंहूः (accusative plural)
अंह्वा (instrumental singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंहुभिः (instrumental plural)
अंहवे (dative singular)
अंह्वै1 (dative singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंहुभ्यः (dative plural)
अंहोः (ablative singular)
अंह्वाः1 (ablative singular)
अंह्वै2 (ablative singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंहुभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंहोः (genitive singular)
अंह्वाः1 (genitive singular)
अंह्वै2 (genitive singular)
अंह्वोः (dual genitive)
अंहूनाम् (genitive plural)
अंहौ (locative singular)
अंह्वाम्1 (locative singular)
अंह्वोः (dual locative)
अंहुषु (locative plural)
अंहु (nominative singular)
अंहुनी (dual nominative)
अंहूनि (nominative plural)
अंहु1 (nominative plural)
अंहू1 (nominative plural)
अंहु (singular vocative)
अंहो (singular vocative)
अंहुनी (dual vocative)
अंहूनि (plural vocative)
अंहु1 (plural vocative)
अंहू1 (plural vocative)
अंहु (accusative singular)
अंहुनी (accusative dual)
अंहूनि (accusative plural)
अंहु1 (accusative plural)
अंहू1 (accusative plural)
अंहुना (instrumental singular)
अंह्वा1 (instrumental singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंहुभिः (instrumental plural)
अंहुने (dative singular)
अंहवे1 (dative singular)
अंह्वे1 (dative singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंहुभ्यः (dative plural)
अंहुनः (ablative singular)
अंहोः1 (ablative singular)
अंह्वः1 (ablative singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंहुभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंहुनः (genitive singular)
अंहोः1 (genitive singular)
अंह्वः1 (genitive singular)
अंहुनोः (dual genitive)
अंहूनाम् (genitive plural)
अंहुनि (locative singular)
अंहौ1 (locative singular)
अंहुनोः (dual locative)
अंहुषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hánźʰuṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hánȷ́ʰuš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énǵʰus, from *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow, tight”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵 (ązah), Latin angustus, Old Church Slavonic ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ). Related to अंहस् (áṃhas).


अंहु

áṃhu (romanization)
अंहु (nominative singular)
अंहुनी (dual nominative)
अंहूनि (nominative plural)
अंहु1 (nominative plural)
अंहू1 (nominative plural)
अंहु (singular vocative)
अंहो (singular vocative)
अंहुनी (dual vocative)
अंहूनि (plural vocative)
अंहु1 (plural vocative)
अंहू1 (plural vocative)
अंहु (accusative singular)
अंहुनी (accusative dual)
अंहूनि (accusative plural)
अंहु1 (accusative plural)
अंहू1 (accusative plural)
अंहुना (instrumental singular)
अंह्वा1 (instrumental singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंहुभिः (instrumental plural)
अंहुने (dative singular)
अंहवे1 (dative singular)
अंह्वे1 (dative singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंहुभ्यः (dative plural)
अंहुनः (ablative singular)
अंहोः1 (ablative singular)
अंह्वः1 (ablative singular)
अंहुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंहुभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंहुनः (genitive singular)
अंहोः1 (genitive singular)
अंह्वः1 (genitive singular)
अंहुनोः (dual genitive)
अंहूनाम् (genitive plural)
अंहुनि (locative singular)
अंहौ1 (locative singular)
अंहुनोः (dual locative)
अंहुषु (locative plural)

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


वेद

véda (romanization)
वेदः (nominative singular)
वेदौ (dual nominative)
वेदा1 (dual nominative)
वेदाः (nominative plural)
वेदासः1 (nominative plural)
वेद (singular vocative)
वेदौ (dual vocative)
वेदा1 (dual vocative)
वेदाः (plural vocative)
वेदासः1 (plural vocative)
वेदम् (accusative singular)
वेदौ (accusative dual)
वेदा1 (accusative dual)
वेदान् (accusative plural)
वेदेन (instrumental singular)
वेदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वेदैः (instrumental plural)
वेदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वेदाय (dative singular)
वेदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वेदेभ्यः (dative plural)
वेदात् (ablative singular)
वेदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वेदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वेदस्य (genitive singular)
वेदयोः (dual genitive)
वेदानाम् (genitive plural)
वेदे (locative singular)
वेदयोः (dual locative)
वेदेषु (locative plural)

Pali: veda
→ Burmese: ဗေဒ (beda.)

→ Dutch: Veda

→ English: Veda

→ Hindi: वेद (ved) (learned)

→ Indonesian: Weda (learned)

→ Khmer: វេទ (veit)

→ Lao: ເວດ (wēt)

→ Malay: Weda (learned)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਵੇਦ (ved)

Shahmukhi script: وید (ved)

→ Portuguese: Veda

→ Russian: ве́да (véda)

→ Tamil: வேதம் (vētam)

→ Telugu: వేదము (vēdamu)

→ Thai: เวท (wêet)

→ Ukrainian: ве́да (véda)

From the root विद् (vid), lemma वेत्ति (vetti, “to know, understand”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *weyd-.

यः स॒मिधा॒ य आहु॑ती॒ यो वेदे॑न द॒दाश॒ मर्तो॑ अ॒ग्नये॑।
यो नम॑सा स्वध्व॒रः॥
yáḥ samídhā yá ā́hutī yó védena dadā́śa márto agnáye.

The mortal who hath ministered to Agni with oblation, fuel, ritual lore,
And reverence, skilled in sacrifice.

knowledge, true or sacred knowledge or lore, knowledge of ritual

वृत्त वृत्त#Sanskrit

वित्त वित्त#Sanskrit


वेद

veda (romanization)
वेदः (nominative singular)
वेदौ (dual nominative)
वेदा1 (dual nominative)
वेदाः (nominative plural)
वेदासः1 (nominative plural)
वेद (singular vocative)
वेदौ (dual vocative)
वेदा1 (dual vocative)
वेदाः (plural vocative)
वेदासः1 (plural vocative)
वेदम् (accusative singular)
वेदौ (accusative dual)
वेदा1 (accusative dual)
वेदान् (accusative plural)
वेदेन (instrumental singular)
वेदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वेदैः (instrumental plural)
वेदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वेदाय (dative singular)
वेदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वेदेभ्यः (dative plural)
वेदात् (ablative singular)
वेदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वेदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वेदस्य (genitive singular)
वेदयोः (dual genitive)
वेदानाम् (genitive plural)
वेदे (locative singular)
वेदयोः (dual locative)
वेदेषु (locative plural)

सुवेद (su-veda)


वेद

sa-verb

वेद • (véda) third-singular indicative (type UP, perfect, root विद्)

véda (romanization)
विद् (root)
वेद (perfect)
विदे (perfect)
वेद (active indicative singular third-person)
विदतुः (active dual indicative third-person)
विदुः (active indicative plural third-person)
विदे (indicative singular third-person)
विदाते (dual indicative third-person)
विदिरे (indicative plural third-person)
विद्रे1 (indicative plural third-person)
वेत्थ (active indicative second-person singular)
विदथुः (active dual indicative second-person)
विद (active indicative plural second-person)
वित्से (indicative second-person singular)
विदाथे (dual indicative second-person)
विद्ध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
वेद (active first-person indicative singular)
विद्व (active dual first-person indicative)
विद्म (active first-person indicative plural)
विदे (first-person indicative singular)
विद्वहे (dual first-person indicative)
विद्महे (first-person indicative plural)
विद्वांस् (active participle)
विदान (participle)

From Proto-Indo-European *wóyd-e ~ *wid-ḗr, perfect verb from the root *weyd- (“to see”).


वेद

vedá (romanization)
वेदः (nominative singular)
वेदौ (dual nominative)
वेदा1 (dual nominative)
वेदाः (nominative plural)
वेदासः1 (nominative plural)
वेद (singular vocative)
वेदौ (dual vocative)
वेदा1 (dual vocative)
वेदाः (plural vocative)
वेदासः1 (plural vocative)
वेदम् (accusative singular)
वेदौ (accusative dual)
वेदा1 (accusative dual)
वेदान् (accusative plural)
वेदेन (instrumental singular)
वेदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वेदैः (instrumental plural)
वेदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वेदाय (dative singular)
वेदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वेदेभ्यः (dative plural)
वेदात् (ablative singular)
वेदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वेदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वेदस्य (genitive singular)
वेदयोः (dual genitive)
वेदानाम् (genitive plural)
वेदे (locative singular)
वेदयोः (dual locative)
वेदेषु (locative plural)

Perhaps connected with √वे (√ve, “to weave or bind together”).

मुञ्ज मुञ्ज#Sanskrit

a tuft or bunch of strong grass (कुश (kuśa) or मुञ्ज (muñja)) made into a broom (and used for sweeping, making up the sacrificial fire etc., in rites)


आर्य

ā́rya (romanization)
metrical Vedic ā́riya (romanization)
आर्यः (nominative singular)
आर्यौ (dual nominative)
आर्या1 (dual nominative)
आर्याः (nominative plural)
आर्यासः1 (nominative plural)
आर्य (singular vocative)
आर्यौ (dual vocative)
आर्या1 (dual vocative)
आर्याः (plural vocative)
आर्यासः1 (plural vocative)
आर्यम् (accusative singular)
आर्यौ (accusative dual)
आर्या1 (accusative dual)
आर्यान् (accusative plural)
आर्येण (instrumental singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आर्यैः (instrumental plural)
आर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आर्याय (dative singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
आर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
आर्यात् (ablative singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
आर्यस्य (genitive singular)
आर्ययोः (dual genitive)
आर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
आर्ये (locative singular)
आर्ययोः (dual locative)
आर्येषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀅𑀚𑁆𑀚 (ajja)

Marathi: आजा (ājā), आजोबा (ājobā)

Konkani: आजो (āzô)

→ Kannada: ಅಜ್ಜ (ajja)

→ Malayalam: അച്ഛൻ (acchaṉ)

→ Tamil: அச்சன் (accaṉ)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: આજો (ājo)

Pali: ariya

Mon: အရဳ (ʼarī)

→ Assamese: আৰ্য্য (airzo)

→ Bengali: আর্য (arjo), আর্যু (arju)

→ English: Arya

desc

→ Hindi: आर्य (ārya, “Aryan”), हिंद-आर्य (hind-ārya, “Indo-Aryan”)

→ Urdu: آریہ (ārya, “Aryan”)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: ārya
Javanese: ꦲꦂꦪ (arya), ꦄꦂꦪ (Arya)
→ Balinese: ᬆᬃᬬ (arya)

→ Punjabi: ਆਰੀਆ (ārīā, “Aryan”)

→ Tamil: ஆரியம் (āriyam)

desc

→ Thai: อารียา (female given name "Ariya")

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Áryas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Áryas (“Aryan”).
Old Indic ā́rya (with long a, vṛddhi-formed Sanskrit ā́rya-) is a cognate of Proto-Iranian *Áryah (with short a, Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (aⁱriia) and Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹 (a-r-i-y /Ariya/). The term was used as a self-designator by both Indians and Iranians.

(primary) an Indo-Aryan, i.e. an Ārya, a self-designator of the peoples of Ancient India who speak आर्य भाषा (ārya bhāṣā)

a speaker of the language of the Vedas (as opposed to अनार्य (anārya), दस्यु (dasyu), दास (dāsa))

अनार्य अनार्य#Sanskrit

दस्यु दस्यु#Sanskrit

an inhabitant of the आर्यावर्त (āryāvarta)

आर्यावर्त आर्यावर्त#Sanskrit

one who is favourable to the Āryan people/cause (RV. etc.)

(secondary) a person having the self-ascribed qualities of a speaker of Ārya language

one who is faithful to the religion of his country

a man highly esteemed, a respectable, honourable man (Pañcat., Śak. etc.)

in later times name of the first three castes, compare ārya.varna (opposed to शूद्र (śūdra)) (late RV., AV., VS., MBh., Yājñ., Pañcat. etc.)

शूद्र शूद्र#Sanskrit

(from developments in Buddhist/Pali usage)

(Buddhism) a man who has thought on the four chief truths of Buddhism and lives accordingly, a Buddhist priest (Pali ayya, or ariya)

(proper noun) a son of Manu Sāvarṇa (Hariv.)


आर्य

ā́rya (romanization)
आर्यः (nominative singular)
आर्यौ (dual nominative)
आर्या1 (dual nominative)
आर्याः (nominative plural)
आर्यासः1 (nominative plural)
आर्य (singular vocative)
आर्यौ (dual vocative)
आर्या1 (dual vocative)
आर्याः (plural vocative)
आर्यासः1 (plural vocative)
आर्यम् (accusative singular)
आर्यौ (accusative dual)
आर्या1 (accusative dual)
आर्यान् (accusative plural)
आर्येण (instrumental singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आर्यैः (instrumental plural)
आर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आर्याय (dative singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
आर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
आर्यात् (ablative singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
आर्यस्य (genitive singular)
आर्ययोः (dual genitive)
आर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
आर्ये (locative singular)
आर्ययोः (dual locative)
आर्येषु (locative plural)
आर्या (nominative singular)
आर्ये (dual nominative)
आर्याः (nominative plural)
आर्ये (singular vocative)
आर्ये (dual vocative)
आर्याः (plural vocative)
आर्याम् (accusative singular)
आर्ये (accusative dual)
आर्याः (accusative plural)
आर्यया (instrumental singular)
आर्या1 (instrumental singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आर्याभिः (instrumental plural)
आर्यायै (dative singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
आर्याभ्यः (dative plural)
आर्यायाः (ablative singular)
आर्यायै2 (ablative singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आर्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
आर्यायाः (genitive singular)
आर्यायै2 (genitive singular)
आर्ययोः (dual genitive)
आर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
आर्यायाम् (locative singular)
आर्ययोः (dual locative)
आर्यासु (locative plural)
आर्यम् (nominative singular)
आर्ये (dual nominative)
आर्याणि (nominative plural)
आर्या1 (nominative plural)
आर्य (singular vocative)
आर्ये (dual vocative)
आर्याणि (plural vocative)
आर्या1 (plural vocative)
आर्यम् (accusative singular)
आर्ये (accusative dual)
आर्याणि (accusative plural)
आर्या1 (accusative plural)
आर्येण (instrumental singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आर्यैः (instrumental plural)
आर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आर्याय (dative singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
आर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
आर्यात् (ablative singular)
आर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
आर्यस्य (genitive singular)
आर्ययोः (dual genitive)
आर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
आर्ये (locative singular)
आर्ययोः (dual locative)
आर्येषु (locative plural)

(primary) Indo-Aryan, pertaining to peoples of ancient India who speak आर्य भाषा (ārya bhāṣā)

pertaining to speakers of the language of the Vedas (as opposed to अनार्य (anārya), दस्यु (dasyu), दास (dāsa))

अनार्य अनार्य#Sanskrit

दस्यु दस्यु#Sanskrit

pertaining to inhabitants of the आर्यावर्त (āryāvarta)

आर्यावर्त आर्यावर्त#Sanskrit

pertaining to members of the आर्यवर्ण (āryavarṇa)

pertaining to worshipers of the gods of the Vedas

(secondary) self-ascribed qualities of a person who speaks (an) Ārya language

behaving like an Āryan, worthy of one, honourable, respectable, noble (R., Mn., Śak. etc.)


एति

sa-verb

एति • (éti) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, root इ)

éti (romanization)
इ (root)
एति (present)
इते (present)
ईयते (present)
एति (active indicative singular third-person)
इतः (active dual indicative third-person)
यन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
इते (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
याते (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
यते (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
ईयते (indicative passive singular third-person)
ईयेते (dual indicative passive third-person)
ईयन्ते (indicative passive plural third-person)
एषि (active indicative second-person singular)
इथः (active dual indicative second-person)
इथ (active indicative plural second-person)
इषे (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
याथे (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
इध्वे (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
ईयसे (indicative passive second-person singular)
ईयेथे (dual indicative passive second-person)
ईयध्वे (indicative passive plural second-person)
एमि (active first-person indicative singular)
इवः (active dual first-person indicative)
इमः (active first-person indicative plural)
ये (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
इवहे (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
इमहे (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
ईये (first-person indicative passive singular)
ईयावहे (dual first-person indicative passive)
ईयामहे (first-person indicative passive plural)
एतु (active indicative singular third-person)
इताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
यन्तु (active indicative plural third-person)
इताम् (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
याताम् (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
यताम् (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
ईयताम् (indicative passive singular third-person)
ईयेताम् (dual indicative passive third-person)
ईयन्ताम् (indicative passive plural third-person)
इहि (active indicative second-person singular)
इतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
इत (active indicative plural second-person)
एष्व (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
याथाम् (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
इध्वम् (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
ईयस्व (indicative passive second-person singular)
ईयेथाम् (dual indicative passive second-person)
ईयध्वम् (indicative passive plural second-person)
अयानि (active first-person indicative singular)
अयाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अयाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अयै (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
अयावहै (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
अयामहै (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
ईयै (first-person indicative passive singular)
ईयावहै (dual first-person indicative passive)
ईयामहै (first-person indicative passive plural)
इयात् (active indicative singular third-person)
इयाताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
इयुः (active indicative plural third-person)
ईत (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
ईयाताम् (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
ईरन् (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
ईयेत (indicative passive singular third-person)
ईयेयाताम् (dual indicative passive third-person)
ईयेरन् (indicative passive plural third-person)
इयाः (active indicative second-person singular)
इयातम् (active dual indicative second-person)
इयात (active indicative plural second-person)
ईथाः (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
ईयाथाम् (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
ईध्वम् (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
ईयेथाः (indicative passive second-person singular)
ईयेयाथाम् (dual indicative passive second-person)
ईयेध्वम् (indicative passive plural second-person)
इयाम् (active first-person indicative singular)
इयाव (active dual first-person indicative)
इयामः (active first-person indicative plural)
ईय (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
ईवहि (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
ईमहि (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
ईयेय (first-person indicative passive singular)
ईयेवहि (dual first-person indicative passive)
ईयेमहि (first-person indicative passive plural)
यत् (active participle singular)
or (active dual participle)
यन्त् (active participle plural)
यान (middle-voice participle)
ईयमान (participle passive)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀏𑀢𑀺 (eti)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀏𑀇 (ei)
Konkani: yevce
Devanagari script: येव्चे
Kannada script: ಯೆವ್ಚೆ
Latin script: ievchem
Old Marathi:
Modi script: 𑘊𑘜𑘹 (eṇe), 𑘧𑘹𑘜𑘹 (yeṇe)
Devanagari script: एणे (eṇe), येणे (yeṇe)
Marathi: येणे (yeṇe)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀏𑀤𑀺 (edi)

Dardic:

Dameli: y

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: එනවා (enawā)

Pali: eti

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háyti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háyti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éyti.
Cognate with Ancient Greek εἶμι (eîmi, “I go”), Mycenaean Greek 𐀂𐀍𐀳 (i-jo-te), Latin eō (“I go”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹 (a-i-t-i-y /aitiy/, “goes”), Luwian 𒄿𒋾 (i-ti /iti, idi/, “goes”), Hittite 𒄿𒄿𒀀𒀜𒋫 (i-ya-at-ta /iyatta/, “goes”), Old Church Slavonic ити (iti), Lithuanian eiti.

cog

to return (in this sense only future tense)

पुनर् पुनर्#Sanskrit

(with पुनर् (punar)) to come back again, return

to approach with prayers, gain by asking

to be employed in, go on with, continue in any condition or relation

to approach any one with requests (with two accusatives), ask, request


कृपाण

kṛpāṇa (romanization)
कृपाणः (nominative singular)
कृपाणौ (dual nominative)
कृपाणा1 (dual nominative)
कृपाणाः (nominative plural)
कृपाणासः1 (nominative plural)
कृपाण (singular vocative)
कृपाणौ (dual vocative)
कृपाणा1 (dual vocative)
कृपाणाः (plural vocative)
कृपाणासः1 (plural vocative)
कृपाणम् (accusative singular)
कृपाणौ (accusative dual)
कृपाणा1 (accusative dual)
कृपाणान् (accusative plural)
कृपाणेन (instrumental singular)
कृपाणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृपाणैः (instrumental plural)
कृपाणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृपाणाय (dative singular)
कृपाणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृपाणेभ्यः (dative plural)
कृपाणात् (ablative singular)
कृपाणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृपाणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृपाणस्य (genitive singular)
कृपाणयोः (dual genitive)
कृपाणानाम् (genitive plural)
कृपाणे (locative singular)
कृपाणयोः (dual locative)
कृपाणेषु (locative plural)

From कल्पयति (kalpayáti, “he orders, apportions, cuts, trims”).


वातिगगम

vātigagama (romanization)
वातिगगमः (nominative singular)
वातिगगमौ (dual nominative)
वातिगगमा1 (dual nominative)
वातिगगमाः (nominative plural)
वातिगगमासः1 (nominative plural)
वातिगगम (singular vocative)
वातिगगमौ (dual vocative)
वातिगगमा1 (dual vocative)
वातिगगमाः (plural vocative)
वातिगगमासः1 (plural vocative)
वातिगगमम् (accusative singular)
वातिगगमौ (accusative dual)
वातिगगमा1 (accusative dual)
वातिगगमान् (accusative plural)
वातिगगमेन (instrumental singular)
वातिगगमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वातिगगमैः (instrumental plural)
वातिगगमेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वातिगगमाय (dative singular)
वातिगगमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वातिगगमेभ्यः (dative plural)
वातिगगमात् (ablative singular)
वातिगगमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वातिगगमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वातिगगमस्य (genitive singular)
वातिगगमयोः (dual genitive)
वातिगगमानाम् (genitive plural)
वातिगगमे (locative singular)
वातिगगमयोः (dual locative)
वातिगगमेषु (locative plural)

Of non-Indo-European substrate origin, possibly Proto-Dravidian *waẓVtV; compare Tamil வழுதலை (vaḻutalai), வழுதுணை (vaḻutuṇai), Malayalam വഴുതന (vaḻutana).

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena#Translingual

eggplant (Solanum melongena) (by folk etymology, "the plant that cures the wind")


अजति

sa-verb

अजति • (ájati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root अज्)

ájati (romanization)
अज् (root)
अजति (present)
अजते (present)
अजति (active indicative singular third-person)
अजतः (active dual indicative third-person)
अजन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
अजते (indicative singular third-person)
अजेते (dual indicative third-person)
अजन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
अजसि (active indicative second-person singular)
अजथः (active dual indicative second-person)
अजथ (active indicative plural second-person)
अजसे (indicative second-person singular)
अजेथे (dual indicative second-person)
अजध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
अजामि (active first-person indicative singular)
अजावः (active dual first-person indicative)
अजामः (active first-person indicative plural)
अजामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
अजे (first-person indicative singular)
अजावहे (dual first-person indicative)
अजामहे (first-person indicative plural)
अजतु (active imperative singular third-person)
अजताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
अजन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
अजताम् (imperative singular third-person)
अजेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
अजन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
अज (active imperative second-person singular)
अजतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
अजत (active imperative plural second-person)
अजस्व (imperative second-person singular)
अजेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
अजध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
अजानि (active first-person imperative singular)
अजाव (active dual first-person imperative)
अजाम (active first-person imperative plural)
अजै (first-person imperative singular)
अजावहै (dual first-person imperative)
अजामहै (first-person imperative plural)
अजेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
अजेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
अजेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
अजेत (imperative singular third-person)
अजेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
अजेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
अजेः (active imperative second-person singular)
अजेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
अजेत (active imperative plural second-person)
अजेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
अजेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
अजेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
अजेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
अजेव (active dual first-person imperative)
अजेम (active first-person imperative plural)
अजेय (first-person imperative singular)
अजेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
अजेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
अजात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
अजाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
अजातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
अजान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
अजाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
अजातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
अजैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
अजन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
अजान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
अजाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
अजासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
अजाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
अजाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
अजासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
अजासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
अजैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
अजाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
अजानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
अजाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
अजाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
अजै (first-person singular subjunctive)
अजावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
अजामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
अजत् (active participle)
अजमान (participle)
आजत् (imperfect)
आजत (imperfect)
आजत् (active indicative singular third-person)
आजताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
आजन् (active indicative plural third-person)
आजत (indicative singular third-person)
आजेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
आजन्त (indicative plural third-person)
आजः (active indicative second-person singular)
आजतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
आजत (active indicative plural second-person)
आजथाः (indicative second-person singular)
आजेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
आजध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
आजम् (active first-person indicative singular)
आजाव (active dual first-person indicative)
आजाम (active first-person indicative plural)
आजे (first-person indicative singular)
आजावहि (dual first-person indicative)
आजामहि (first-person indicative plural)

Pali: ajati

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háȷ́ati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háȷ́ati, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (azaⁱti), Ancient Greek ἄγω (ágō, “to lead”), Latin agō (“to do”).


पुत्र

putrá (romanization)
पुत्रः (nominative singular)
पुत्रौ (dual nominative)
पुत्रा1 (dual nominative)
पुत्राः (nominative plural)
पुत्रासः1 (nominative plural)
पुत्र (singular vocative)
पुत्रौ (dual vocative)
पुत्रा1 (dual vocative)
पुत्राः (plural vocative)
पुत्रासः1 (plural vocative)
पुत्रम् (accusative singular)
पुत्रौ (accusative dual)
पुत्रा1 (accusative dual)
पुत्रान् (accusative plural)
पुत्रेण (instrumental singular)
पुत्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुत्रैः (instrumental plural)
पुत्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पुत्राय (dative singular)
पुत्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुत्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुत्रात् (ablative singular)
पुत्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुत्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुत्रस्य (genitive singular)
पुत्रयोः (dual genitive)
पुत्राणाम् (genitive plural)
पुत्रे (locative singular)
पुत्रयोः (dual locative)
पुत्रेषु (locative plural)

desc

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀭 (putra), 𑀧𑀼𑀢 (puta)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: পুত (put)

Bengali: পুত (put)

Rohingya: fut

Sylheti: ꠙꠥꠔ (fut)

desctree

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (putta)
Paisaci Prakrit:
Punjabi: ਪੁੱਤ (putta), ਪੁੱਤਰ (puttar)
Hindustani: pūt
Hindi: पूत
Urdu: پُوت
Konkani: pūt
Devanagari script: पूत
Kannada script: ಪೂತ್
Latin script: put
Old Marathi:
Devanagari script: पुत (puta), पूत (pūta)
Modi script: 𑘢𑘳𑘝 (puta)

Konkani: पूत (pūt)

Marathi: पूत (pūt)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਪੁੱਤ (putta), ਪੁੱਤਰ (puttar)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (putta)
Paisaci Prakrit:
Punjabi: ਪੁੱਤ (putta), ਪੁੱਤਰ (puttar)
Hindustani: pūt
Hindi: पूत
Urdu: پُوت
Konkani: pūt
Devanagari script: पूत
Kannada script: ಪೂತ್
Latin script: put
Old Marathi:
Devanagari script: पुत (puta), पूत (pūta)
Modi script: 𑘢𑘳𑘝 (puta)

Hindustani: pūt

Hindi: पूत

Urdu: پُوت (pūt)

Dardic:

Kalasha: putr

Kashmiri: پۆتھٕر (pothụr, “son”)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ފުތް (fut̊)

Pali: putta

→ Hindi: पुत्र (putra)

→ Bengali: পুত্র (putro)

→ Kannada: ಪುತ್ರ (putra)

→ Khmer: បុត្រា (botraa)

desc

→ Lü: ᦢᦳᧆ (ḃud)

→ Lü: ᦢᦳᧆ (ḃud)

→ Malay: putera, putra

Indonesian: putra, putera

→ Malayalam: പുത്രൻ (putraṉ)

→ Marathi: पुत्र (putra)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: putra
Javanese: ꦥꦸꦠꦿ (putra)

→ Sinhalese: පුතා (putā)

→ Sylheti: ꠙꠥꠔ꠆ꠞꠣ (futra)

→ Tamil: புத்திரன் (puttiraṉ)

→ Telugu: పుత్రుడు (putruḍu)

→ Thai: บุตร (bùt)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *putrás (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (“small, little, few”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬎𐬚𐬭𐬀 (puθra), Old Persian 𐎱𐎢𐏂 (p-u-ç /puça/, “son”), Ancient Greek παῖς (paîs, “child, son”), Latin puer (“boy”), Old English fēaw (whence English few).

der

ते हि पु॒त्रासो॒ अदि॑तेर्वि॒दुर्द्वेषां॑सि॒ योत॑वे।
अं॒होश्चि॑दुरु॒चक्र॑योऽने॒हस॑:॥
té hí putrā́so áditervidúrdvéṣāṃsi yótave.

For well these Sons of Aditi know to keep enmities aloof,
Unrivalled, giving ample room, they save from woe.


प्रथमपुरुष

prathamá-puruṣa (romanization)
प्रथमपुरुषः (nominative singular)
प्रथमपुरुषौ (dual nominative)
प्रथमपुरुषाः (nominative plural)
प्रथमपुरुष (singular vocative)
प्रथमपुरुषौ (dual vocative)
प्रथमपुरुषाः (plural vocative)
प्रथमपुरुषम् (accusative singular)
प्रथमपुरुषौ (accusative dual)
प्रथमपुरुषान् (accusative plural)
प्रथमपुरुषेण (instrumental singular)
प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रथमपुरुषैः (instrumental plural)
प्रथमपुरुषाय (dative singular)
प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रथमपुरुषात् (ablative singular)
प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रथमपुरुषस्य (genitive singular)
प्रथमपुरुषयोः (dual genitive)
प्रथमपुरुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
प्रथमपुरुषे (locative singular)
प्रथमपुरुषयोः (dual locative)
प्रथमपुरुषेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of प्रथमपुरुष

प्रथमपुरुषाः

प्रथमपुरुषाः

प्रथमपुरुषम्

प्रथमपुरुषान्

प्रथमपुरुषेण

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषैः

प्रथमपुरुषाय

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः

प्रथमपुरुषात्

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः

प्रथमपुरुषस्य

प्रथमपुरुषयोः

प्रथमपुरुषाणाम्

प्रथमपुरुषयोः

प्रथमपुरुषेषु

sa-decl-noun/cell

प्रथमपुरुषस्य

प्रथमपुरुषाः

प्रथमपुरुषाः

प्रथमपुरुषम्

प्रथमपुरुषान्

प्रथमपुरुषेण

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषैः

प्रथमपुरुषाय

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः

प्रथमपुरुषात्

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः

प्रथमपुरुषस्य

प्रथमपुरुषयोः

प्रथमपुरुषाणाम्

प्रथमपुरुषयोः

प्रथमपुरुषेषु

(grammar) third person, but literally the "first person" in Sanskrit grammar tradition


मध्यमपुरुष

madhyamá-puruṣa (romanization)
मध्यमपुरुषः (nominative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषौ (dual nominative)
मध्यमपुरुषाः (nominative plural)
मध्यमपुरुष (singular vocative)
मध्यमपुरुषौ (dual vocative)
मध्यमपुरुषाः (plural vocative)
मध्यमपुरुषम् (accusative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषौ (accusative dual)
मध्यमपुरुषान् (accusative plural)
मध्यमपुरुषेन (instrumental singular)
मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मध्यमपुरुषैः (instrumental plural)
मध्यमपुरुषाय (dative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
मध्यमपुरुषात् (ablative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मध्यमपुरुषस्य (genitive singular)
मध्यमपुरुषयोः (dual genitive)
मध्यमपुरुषानाम् (genitive plural)
मध्यमपुरुषे (locative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषयोः (dual locative)
मध्यमपुरुषेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मध्यमपुरुष

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषम्

मध्यमपुरुषान्

मध्यमपुरुषेन

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषैः

मध्यमपुरुषाय

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषात्

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषस्य

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषानाम्

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषेषु

sa-decl-noun/cell

मध्यमपुरुषस्य

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषम्

मध्यमपुरुषान्

मध्यमपुरुषेन

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषैः

मध्यमपुरुषाय

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषात्

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषस्य

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषानाम्

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषेषु

desc

→ Pali: majjhimapurisa (“second person”)

(grammar) the second person in verbal conjugation, a termination of the second person


उत्तमपुरुष

ut-tamá-puruṣa (romanization)
उत्तमपुरुषः (nominative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषौ (dual nominative)
उत्तमपुरुषाः (nominative plural)
उत्तमपुरुष (singular vocative)
उत्तमपुरुषौ (dual vocative)
उत्तमपुरुषाः (plural vocative)
उत्तमपुरुषम् (accusative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषौ (accusative dual)
उत्तमपुरुषान् (accusative plural)
उत्तमपुरुषेण (instrumental singular)
उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उत्तमपुरुषैः (instrumental plural)
उत्तमपुरुषाय (dative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
उत्तमपुरुषात् (ablative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उत्तमपुरुषस्य (genitive singular)
उत्तमपुरुषयोः (dual genitive)
उत्तमपुरुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
उत्तमपुरुषे (locative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषयोः (dual locative)
उत्तमपुरुषेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of उत्तमपुरुष

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषम्

उत्तमपुरुषान्

उत्तमपुरुषेण

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषैः

उत्तमपुरुषाय

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषात्

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषस्य

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषाणाम्

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषेषु

sa-decl-noun/cell

उत्तमपुरुषस्य

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषम्

उत्तमपुरुषान्

उत्तमपुरुषेण

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषैः

उत्तमपुरुषाय

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषात्

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषस्य

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषाणाम्

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषेषु

(grammar) first person, literally "the last person" in Sanskrit grammar tradition


अपत्यता

apatyatā (romanization)
अपत्यता (nominative singular)
अपत्यते (dual nominative)
अपत्यताः (nominative plural)
अपत्यते (singular vocative)
अपत्यते (dual vocative)
अपत्यताः (plural vocative)
अपत्यताम् (accusative singular)
अपत्यते (accusative dual)
अपत्यताः (accusative plural)
अपत्यतया (instrumental singular)
अपत्यताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अपत्यताभिः (instrumental plural)
अपत्यतायै (dative singular)
अपत्यताभ्याम् (dative dual)
अपत्यताभ्यः (dative plural)
अपत्यतायाः (ablative singular)
अपत्यताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अपत्यताभ्यः (ablative plural)
अपत्यतायाः (genitive singular)
अपत्यतयोः (dual genitive)
अपत्यतानाम् (genitive plural)
अपत्यतायाम् (locative singular)
अपत्यतयोः (dual locative)
अपत्यतासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of अपत्यता

अपत्यताभ्याम्

अपत्यताभ्याम्

अपत्यताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अपत्यताभ्याम्

अपत्यताभ्याम्

अपत्यताभ्याम्


कच्छ

kaccha (romanization)
कच्छः (nominative singular)
कच्छौ (dual nominative)
कच्छाः (nominative plural)
कच्छ (singular vocative)
कच्छौ (dual vocative)
कच्छाः (plural vocative)
कच्छम् (accusative singular)
कच्छौ (accusative dual)
कच्छान् (accusative plural)
कच्छेन (instrumental singular)
कच्छाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कच्छैः (instrumental plural)
कच्छाय (dative singular)
कच्छाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कच्छेभ्यः (dative plural)
कच्छात् (ablative singular)
कच्छाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कच्छेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कच्छस्य (genitive singular)
कच्छयोः (dual genitive)
कच्छानाम् (genitive plural)
कच्छे (locative singular)
कच्छयोः (dual locative)
कच्छेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of कच्छ

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙 (kaccha)

Pali: kaccha

→ Gujarati: કચ્છ (kacch)

→ English: Kutch, Cutch, Kachchh

→ Hindi: कच्छ (kacch)

/ˈkɐt̪.t͡ɕʰɐ/

[ˈkɐt̪̚.t͡ɕʰɐ]

Unknown; possibly a Prakritism for कक्ष (kakṣa, “armpit”), but this is rejected by Turner. Compare Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬱𐬀 (kaša, “ocean”).

a bank or any ground bordering on water, shore

watery soil, marshy ground, marsh, morass


पिपर्ति

sa-verb

पिपर्ति • (píparti) third-singular indicative (class 3, type P, present, root पृ)

píparti (romanization)
पृ (root)
पिपर्ति (present)
पिपर्ति (active indicative singular third-person)
पिपृतः (active dual indicative third-person)
पिप्रति (active indicative plural third-person)
पिपर्षि (active indicative second-person singular)
पिपृथः (active dual indicative second-person)
पिपृथ (active indicative plural second-person)
पिपर्मि (active first-person indicative singular)
पिपृवः (active dual first-person indicative)
पिपृमः (active first-person indicative plural)
पिपृमसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
पिपर्तु (active imperative singular third-person)
पिपृताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
पिप्रतु (active imperative plural third-person)
पिपृहि (active imperative second-person singular)
पीपृहि (active imperative second-person singular)
पिपृतात् (active imperative second-person singular)
पिपृतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
पिपृत (active imperative plural second-person)
पिपर्तन (active imperative plural second-person)
पिपराणि (active first-person imperative singular)
पिपराव (active dual first-person imperative)
पिपराम (active first-person imperative plural)
पिपृयात् (active imperative singular third-person)
पिपृयाताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
पिपृयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
पिपृयाः (active imperative second-person singular)
पिपृयातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
पिपृयात (active imperative plural second-person)
पिपृयाम् (active first-person imperative singular)
पिपृयाव (active dual first-person imperative)
पिपृयाम (active first-person imperative plural)
पिपरत् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
पिपरति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
पिपरतः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
पिपरन् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
पिपरः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
पिपरसि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
पिपरथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
पिपरथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
पिपराणि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
पिपरा (active first-person singular subjunctive)
पिपराव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
पिपराम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
पिप्रत् (active participle)
अपिपः (imperfect)
अपिपः (active indicative singular third-person)
अपिपृताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अपिपरुः (active indicative plural third-person)
अपिपः (active indicative second-person singular)
अपिपृतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अपिपृत (active indicative plural second-person)
अपिपरम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अपिपृव (active dual first-person indicative)
अपिपृम (active first-person indicative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *píparti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *píparti, from Proto-Indo-European *pí-per-ti, from *per-. Cognate with Ancient Greek πείρω (peírō), Old English faru.

to bring over or to [with accusative], bring out of, deliver from [with ablative], rescue, save, protect, escort, further, promote

(causative) to bring over or out, rescue, protect, save, preserve, keep alive

(causative) to get over, overcome, bring to an end

(causative) to resist, withstand, be a match for (acc.)

(causative) to be capable of or able to (+ infinitive)


पिपर्ति

पिपर्ति • (píparti) third-singular indicative (class 3, type P, present, root पॄ)

píparti (romanization)
पॄ (root)
पिपर्ति (present)
पिपृते (present)
पिपर्ति (active indicative singular third-person)
पिपृतः (active dual indicative third-person)
पिप्रति (active indicative plural third-person)
पिपृते (indicative singular third-person)
पिप्राते (dual indicative third-person)
पिप्रते (indicative plural third-person)
पिपर्षि (active indicative second-person singular)
पिपृथः (active dual indicative second-person)
पिपृथ (active indicative plural second-person)
पिपृषे (indicative second-person singular)
पिप्राथे (dual indicative second-person)
पिपृध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
पिपर्मि (active first-person indicative singular)
पिपृवः (active dual first-person indicative)
पिपृमः (active first-person indicative plural)
पिपृमसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
पिप्रे (first-person indicative singular)
पिपृवहे (dual first-person indicative)
पिपृमहे (first-person indicative plural)
पिपर्तु (active imperative singular third-person)
पिपृताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
पिप्रतु (active imperative plural third-person)
पिपृताम् (imperative singular third-person)
पिप्राताम् (dual imperative third-person)
पिप्रताम् (imperative plural third-person)
पिपृहि (active imperative second-person singular)
पिपीपृहि (active imperative second-person singular)
पिपृतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
पिपृत (active imperative plural second-person)
पिपृष्व (imperative second-person singular)
पिप्राथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
पिपृध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
पिपराणि (active first-person imperative singular)
पिपराव (active dual first-person imperative)
पिपराम (active first-person imperative plural)
पिपरै (first-person imperative singular)
पिपरावहै (dual first-person imperative)
पिपरामहै (first-person imperative plural)
पिपृयात् (active imperative singular third-person)
पिपृयाताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
पिपृयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
पिप्रीत (imperative singular third-person)
पिप्रीयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
पिप्रीरन् (imperative plural third-person)
पिपृयाः (active imperative second-person singular)
पिपृयातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
पिपृयात (active imperative plural second-person)
पिप्रीथाः (imperative second-person singular)
पिप्रीयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
पिप्रीध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
पिपृयाम् (active first-person imperative singular)
पिपृयाव (active dual first-person imperative)
पिपृयाम (active first-person imperative plural)
पिप्रीय (first-person imperative singular)
पिप्रीवहि (dual first-person imperative)
पिप्रीमहि (first-person imperative plural)
पिपरत् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
पिपरति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
पिपरतः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
पिपरन् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
पिपरते (singular subjunctive third-person)
पिपरातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
पिपरैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
पिपरन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
पिपरान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
पिपरः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
पिपरसि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
पिपरथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
पिपरथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
पिपरसे (second-person singular subjunctive)
पिपरासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
पिपरैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
पिपराध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
पिपराणि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
पिपरा (active first-person singular subjunctive)
पिपराव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
पिपराम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
पिपरै (first-person singular subjunctive)
पिपरावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
पिपरामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
पिप्रत् (active participle)
पिप्राण (participle)
अपिपः (imperfect)
अपिपृत (imperfect)
अपिप्रत (imperfect)
अपिपः (active indicative singular third-person)
अपिपृताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अपिपरुः (active indicative plural third-person)
अपिपृत (indicative singular third-person)
अपिप्रत (indicative singular third-person)
अपिप्राताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अपिप्रत (indicative plural third-person)
अपिपः (active indicative second-person singular)
अपिपृतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अपिपृत (active indicative plural second-person)
अपिपृथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अपिप्राथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अपिपृध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अपिपरम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अपिपृव (active dual first-person indicative)
अपिपृम (active first-person indicative plural)
अपिप्रि (first-person indicative singular)
अपिपृवहि (dual first-person indicative)
अपिपृमहि (first-person indicative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *píparti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *píparti, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬨-𐬞𐬁𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (ham-pāfrāⁱti), Ancient Greek πίμπλημι (pímplēmi, “to fill”).

cog

𐬵𐬀𐬨-𐬞𐬁𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌

to grant abundantly, bestow on (+ dative), present with

(passive voice) to be filled with, become full of (+ instrumental), be sated

(passive voice) to become complete (as a number)

to fill (with a noise, said also of the noise itself)

to make full, complete, supplement (a sentence)

to cover completely, overspread, bestrew, surround


लङ्का

laṅkā (romanization)
लङ्का (nominative singular)
लङ्के (dual nominative)
लङ्काः (nominative plural)
लङ्के (singular vocative)
लङ्के (dual vocative)
लङ्काः (plural vocative)
लङ्काम् (accusative singular)
लङ्के (accusative dual)
लङ्काः (accusative plural)
लङ्कया (instrumental singular)
लङ्का1 (instrumental singular)
लङ्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लङ्काभिः (instrumental plural)
लङ्कायै (dative singular)
लङ्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
लङ्काभ्यः (dative plural)
लङ्कायाः (ablative singular)
लङ्कायै2 (ablative singular)
लङ्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लङ्काभ्यः (ablative plural)
लङ्कायाः (genitive singular)
लङ्कायै2 (genitive singular)
लङ्कयोः (dual genitive)
लङ्कानाम् (genitive plural)
लङ्कायाम् (locative singular)
लङ्कयोः (dual locative)
लङ्कासु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: लंका (laṅkā)

→ Pali: laṅkā

→ Sinhalese: ලංකා (laṁkā)

→ Tamil: இலங்கை (ilaṅkai)

→ Malay: langgar لڠݢر

unknown

Of unexplained origin


वृद्धि

vṛ́ddhi (romanization)
वृद्धिः (nominative singular)
वृद्धी (dual nominative)
वृद्धयः (nominative plural)
वृद्धे (singular vocative)
वृद्धी (dual vocative)
वृद्धयः (plural vocative)
वृद्धिम् (accusative singular)
वृद्धी (accusative dual)
वृद्धीः (accusative plural)
वृद्ध्या (instrumental singular)
वृद्धी1 (instrumental singular)
वृद्धिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृद्धिभिः (instrumental plural)
वृद्धये (dative singular)
वृद्ध्यै2 (dative singular)
वृद्धी1 (dative singular)
वृद्धिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृद्धिभ्यः (dative plural)
वृद्धेः (ablative singular)
वृद्ध्याः2 (ablative singular)
वृद्ध्यै3 (ablative singular)
वृद्धिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृद्धिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृद्धेः (genitive singular)
वृद्ध्याः2 (genitive singular)
वृद्ध्यै3 (genitive singular)
वृद्ध्योः (dual genitive)
वृद्धीनाम् (genitive plural)
वृद्धौ (locative singular)
वृद्ध्याम्2 (locative singular)
वृद्धा1 (locative singular)
वृद्ध्योः (dual locative)
वृद्धिषु (locative plural)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀠𑀺 (vaḍhi /vaḍḍhi/)
Prakrit: 𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (vaḍḍhi)
Central:
Hindi: बाढ़ (bāṛh, “increase; flood”)
Urdu: باڑھ (bāṛh, “increase; flood”)
Eastern
Bengali: বাড় (baṛ, “growth”)
Northern:
Kumaoni: बाढ़ (bāṛh, “increase”)
Southern:
Konkani-Marathi:
Konkani: वाड (vāḍ, “increase”)
Marathi: वाढ (vāḍh, “increase”)
Sinhalese: වැඩ (wæḍa, “increase, profit”)
→ Kannada: ಬಡ್ಡಿ (baḍḍi, “interest”)
→ Malayalam: വട്ടി (vaṭṭi, “interest”)
→ Tamil: வட்டி (vaṭṭi, “interest”)
→ Telugu: వడ్డి (vaḍḍi, “interest”)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀠𑀺 (vuḍhi /vuḍḍhi/)
Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (vuḍḍhi), 𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (uḍḍhi)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀥𑀺 (vadhi /vaddhi/)
Prakrit: *vaddhi ~ *vaddhiyā
Northwestern:
Sindhi: واڌِ (vadhi, “abundance”)
Western:
Gujarati: વધ (vadh, “increase”)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨬𐨢𐨿𐨪𐨁 (vadhri)

Ashokan Prakrit: *viddhi

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (viddhi)

Ashokan Prakrit: *vuddhi

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (vuddhi)
Sindhi: اُڌيِ کُٽيِ (udhī-khuṭī, “profit-loss”) (< *vuddhiyā)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: वड् (waḍ, “profit”)

Pali: vaḍḍhi, vuḍḍhi, vuddhi

desc

→ English: vṛddhi, vrddhi, vr̥ddhi, vriddhi

→ Hindi: वृद्धि (vŕddhi)

→ Kannada: ವೃದ್ಧಿ (vṛddhi)

→ Old Javanese: wṛddhi, wrĕde

→ Tamil: விருத்தி (virutti)

→ Telugu: వృద్ధి (vr̥ddhi)

[ˈʋr̩d̪̚.d̪ʱi]

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥dᶻdʰiš (“growth, increase”), from Proto-Indo-European *wérdʰ-ti-s ~ *wr̥dʰ-téy-s. Synchronically, from the root वृध् (vṛdh, “to grow”) + -ति (-ti). See वृद्ध (vṛddha) and वर्धति (vardhati) for cognates.

sa-root

परि त्वा गिर्वणो गिर इमा भवन्तु विश्वतः ।
वृद्धायुमनु वृद्धयो जुष्टा भवन्तु जुष्टयः ॥
pari tvā girvaṇo gira imā bhavantu viśvataḥ.

Thou who lovest hymns, may these hymns of ours encompass thee on every side
May they be an augmentation to thee of lengthened life, may they be dear delights to thee.

vṛddhāyumanu vṛddhayo juṣṭā bhavantu juṣṭayaḥ.

वृद्धिश् च मे सत्यं च मे श्रद्धा च मे

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.7.2

To me [may] growth, truth and faith [be granted]

vṛddhiś ca me satyaṃ ca me śraddhā ca me

growth, increase, augmentation, prolongation

advancement, prosperity, welfare, happiness

ऋणं दातुम् अशक्तो यः कर्तुम् इच्छेत्पुनः क्रियाम् ।
स दत्त्वा निर्जितां वृद्धिं करणं परिवर्तयेत् ।।
ṛṇaṃ dātum aśakto yaḥ kartum icchetpunaḥ kriyām.

He who, unable to pay a debt (at the fixed time), wishes to make a new contract, may renew the agreement, after paying the interest which is due.

sa dattvā nirjitāṃ vṛddhiṃ karaṇaṃ parivartayet..

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

gain, profit
profit from lending money; interest


बहुव्रीहि

bahuvrīhí (romanization)
बहुव्रीहिः (nominative singular)
बहुव्रीही (dual nominative)
बहुव्रीहयः (nominative plural)
बहुव्रीहे (singular vocative)
बहुव्रीही (dual vocative)
बहुव्रीहयः (plural vocative)
बहुव्रीहिम् (accusative singular)
बहुव्रीही (accusative dual)
बहुव्रीहीन् (accusative plural)
बहुव्रीहिणा (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीह्या1 (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बहुव्रीहिभिः (instrumental plural)
बहुव्रीहये (dative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (dative plural)
बहुव्रीहेः (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीह्यः1 (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (ablative plural)
बहुव्रीहेः (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीह्यः1 (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीह्योः (dual genitive)
बहुव्रीहीणाम् (genitive plural)
बहुव्रीहौ (locative singular)
बहुव्रीहा1 (locative singular)
बहुव्रीह्योः (dual locative)
बहुव्रीहिषु (locative plural)
बहुव्रीहिः (nominative singular)
बहुव्रीही (dual nominative)
बहुव्रीहयः (nominative plural)
बहुव्रीहे (singular vocative)
बहुव्रीही (dual vocative)
बहुव्रीहयः (plural vocative)
बहुव्रीहिम् (accusative singular)
बहुव्रीही (accusative dual)
बहुव्रीहीः (accusative plural)
बहुव्रीह्या (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीही1 (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बहुव्रीहिभिः (instrumental plural)
बहुव्रीहये (dative singular)
बहुव्रीह्यै2 (dative singular)
बहुव्रीही1 (dative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (dative plural)
बहुव्रीहेः (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीह्याः2 (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीह्यै3 (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (ablative plural)
बहुव्रीहेः (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीह्याः2 (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीह्यै3 (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीह्योः (dual genitive)
बहुव्रीहीणाम् (genitive plural)
बहुव्रीहौ (locative singular)
बहुव्रीह्याम्2 (locative singular)
बहुव्रीहा1 (locative singular)
बहुव्रीह्योः (dual locative)
बहुव्रीहिषु (locative plural)
बहुव्रीहि (nominative singular)
बहुव्रीहिणी (dual nominative)
बहुव्रीहीणि (nominative plural)
बहुव्रीहि1 (nominative plural)
बहुव्रीही1 (nominative plural)
बहुव्रीहि (singular vocative)
बहुव्रीहे (singular vocative)
बहुव्रीहिणी (dual vocative)
बहुव्रीहीणि (plural vocative)
बहुव्रीहि1 (plural vocative)
बहुव्रीही1 (plural vocative)
बहुव्रीहि (accusative singular)
बहुव्रीहिणी (accusative dual)
बहुव्रीहीणि (accusative plural)
बहुव्रीहि1 (accusative plural)
बहुव्रीही1 (accusative plural)
बहुव्रीहिणा (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीह्या1 (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बहुव्रीहिभिः (instrumental plural)
बहुव्रीहिणे (dative singular)
बहुव्रीहये1 (dative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (dative plural)
बहुव्रीहिणः (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीहेः1 (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (ablative plural)
बहुव्रीहिणः (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीहेः1 (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीहिणोः (dual genitive)
बहुव्रीहीणाम् (genitive plural)
बहुव्रीहिणि (locative singular)
बहुव्रीहौ1 (locative singular)
बहुव्रीहा1 (locative singular)
बहुव्रीहिणोः (dual locative)
बहुव्रीहिषु (locative plural)

Bahuvrīhi compound of बहु (bahú, “much”) + व्रीहि (vrīhí, “rice”).


बहुव्रीहि

bahuvrīhí (romanization)
बहुव्रीहिः (nominative singular)
बहुव्रीही (dual nominative)
बहुव्रीहयः (nominative plural)
बहुव्रीहे (singular vocative)
बहुव्रीही (dual vocative)
बहुव्रीहयः (plural vocative)
बहुव्रीहिम् (accusative singular)
बहुव्रीही (accusative dual)
बहुव्रीहीन् (accusative plural)
बहुव्रीहिणा (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीह्या1 (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बहुव्रीहिभिः (instrumental plural)
बहुव्रीहये (dative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (dative plural)
बहुव्रीहेः (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीह्यः1 (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (ablative plural)
बहुव्रीहेः (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीह्यः1 (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीह्योः (dual genitive)
बहुव्रीहीणाम् (genitive plural)
बहुव्रीहौ (locative singular)
बहुव्रीहा1 (locative singular)
बहुव्रीह्योः (dual locative)
बहुव्रीहिषु (locative plural)