वहति

sa-verb

वहति • (váhati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type UP, root वह्)

váhati (romanization)
वह् (root)
वहति (present)
वहते (present)
वहति (active indicative singular third-person)
वहतः (active dual indicative third-person)
वहन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
वहते (indicative singular third-person)
वहेते (dual indicative third-person)
वहन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
वहसि (active indicative second-person singular)
वहथः (active dual indicative second-person)
वहथ (active indicative plural second-person)
वहसे (indicative second-person singular)
वहेथे (dual indicative second-person)
वहध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
वहामि (active first-person indicative singular)
वहावः (active dual first-person indicative)
वहामः (active first-person indicative plural)
वहामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
वहे (first-person indicative singular)
वहावहे (dual first-person indicative)
वहामहे (first-person indicative plural)
वहतु (active imperative singular third-person)
वहताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
वहन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
वहताम् (imperative singular third-person)
वहेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
वहन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
वह (active imperative second-person singular)
वहतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
वहत (active imperative plural second-person)
वहस्व (imperative second-person singular)
वहेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
वहध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
वहानि (active first-person imperative singular)
वहाव (active dual first-person imperative)
वहाम (active first-person imperative plural)
वहै (first-person imperative singular)
वहावहै (dual first-person imperative)
वहामहै (first-person imperative plural)
वहेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
वहेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
वहेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
वहेत (imperative singular third-person)
वहेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
वहेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
वहेः (active imperative second-person singular)
वहेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
वहेत (active imperative plural second-person)
वहेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
वहेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
वहेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
वहेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
वहेव (active dual first-person imperative)
वहेम (active first-person imperative plural)
वहेय (first-person imperative singular)
वहेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
वहेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
वहात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
वहाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
वहातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
वहान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
वहाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
वहातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
वहैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
वहन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
वहान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
वहाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
वहासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
वहाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
वहाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
वहासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
वहासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
वहैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
वहाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
वहानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
वहाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
वहाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
वहै (first-person singular subjunctive)
वहावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
वहामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
वहत् (active participle)
वहमान (participle)
अवहत् (imperfect)
अवहत (imperfect)
अवहत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अवहताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अवहन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अवहत (indicative singular third-person)
अवहेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अवहन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अवहः (active indicative second-person singular)
अवहतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अवहत (active indicative plural second-person)
अवहथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अवहेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अवहध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अवहम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अवहाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अवहाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अवहे (first-person indicative singular)
अवहावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अवहामहि (first-person indicative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: বোৱা (büa)

Bengali: বহা (boha)

Bengali: বওয়া (bôoẇa)

desctree

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀳𑀇 (vahaï)
Old Marathi: 𑘪𑘮𑘜𑘹 (vahaṇe), 𑘪𑘮𑘰𑘜𑘹 (vahāṇe), 𑘪𑘰𑘜𑘹 (vāṇe), 𑘪𑘰𑘮𑘰𑘜𑘹 (vāhāṇe), 𑘪𑘿𑘮𑘰𑘜𑘹 (vhāṇe)
Marathi: वाहणे (vāhṇe)

Pali: vahati

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀳𑀤𑀺 (vahadi)

Hindustani:

Hindi: बहना (bahnā)

Urdu: بہنا (bahnā)

/ˈʋɐ.ɦɐ.t̪i/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wáźʰati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáȷ́ʰati, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring, transport”). Cognate with Latin vehō, Old English wegan (whence English weigh).

der

तेन कूलापहारेण मैत्रावरुणिर् औह्यत ।
उह्यमानश् च तुष्टाव तदा राजन् सरस्वतीम्
tena kūlāpahāreṇa maitrāvaruṇir auhyata.
uhyamānaś ca tuṣṭāva tadā rājan sarasvatīm
Maitrāvaruṇi was carried off along with the submerged bank,

And as he was being carried, O king, he praised the river Sarasvatī.

to carry, transport, convey (with instr. of vehicle)

to lead, conduct (especially offerings to the gods, said of Agni)

to lead towards, to bring, procure, bestow

to take or carry with or about one's self, have, possess

शिरस् शिरस्#Sanskrit

उच्चैश्तराम् उच्चैश्तराम्#Sanskrit

(with शिरस् (śiras)) to bear one's head (उच्चैश्तराम् (uccaiś-tarām, “high”))

वसुंधराम् वसुंधराम्#Sanskrit

क्ष्मामण्डालम् क्ष्मामण्डालम्#Sanskrit

(with वसुंधराम् (vasuṃdharām) or क्ष्मामण्डालम् (kṣmā-maṇḍālam)) to support i.e. rule the earth

गर्भम् गर्भम्#Sanskrit

(with गर्भम् (garbham)) to be with child

to undergo (with agnim, viṣam, tulām, 'the ordeal of fire, poison, and the balance')

(intransitive) to drive, ride, go by or in (with instr. of the vehicle), be borne or carried along, run, swim

to draw (scil. a carriage, said of a horse)

to be drawn or borne by (+ instrumental) or along or off


वृश्चिक

vṛ́ścika (romanization)
वृश्चिकः (nominative singular)
वृश्चिकौ (dual nominative)
वृश्चिका1 (dual nominative)
वृश्चिकाः (nominative plural)
वृश्चिकासः1 (nominative plural)
वृश्चिक (singular vocative)
वृश्चिकौ (dual vocative)
वृश्चिका1 (dual vocative)
वृश्चिकाः (plural vocative)
वृश्चिकासः1 (plural vocative)
वृश्चिकम् (accusative singular)
वृश्चिकौ (accusative dual)
वृश्चिका1 (accusative dual)
वृश्चिकान् (accusative plural)
वृश्चिकेन (instrumental singular)
वृश्चिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृश्चिकैः (instrumental plural)
वृश्चिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वृश्चिकाय (dative singular)
वृश्चिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृश्चिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
वृश्चिकात् (ablative singular)
वृश्चिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृश्चिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृश्चिकस्य (genitive singular)
वृश्चिकयोः (dual genitive)
वृश्चिकानाम् (genitive plural)
वृश्चिके (locative singular)
वृश्चिकयोः (dual locative)
वृश्चिकेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: বিছা (bisa)

desc

Bengali: বিচ্ছু (bicchu), বিছে (biche), বিছা (bicha)

Sylheti: ꠛꠤꠍꠣ (bisá)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼 (viccu), 𑀯𑀺𑀁𑀙𑀺𑀅 (viṃchia)

Old Marathi: विंचु (viṃcu)

Marathi: विंचू (viñcū)

Pali: vicchika

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀺𑀅 (vicchia), 𑀯𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀼𑀅 (vicchua)

Hindi: बिच्छू (bicchū)

→ Burmese: ဗြိစ္ဆာ (brichca)

→ Hindi: वृश्चिक (vŕścik)

→ Bengali: বৃশ্চিক (briścik)

→ Kannada: ವೃಶ್ಚಿಕ (vṛścika)

→ Khmer: វិច្ឆិកា (vicchekaa)

→ Old Marathi: विश्चिक (viścika)

→ Malayalam: വൃശ്ചികം (vr̥ścikaṁ)

→ Tamil: விருச்சிகம் (viruccikam)

→ Telugu: వృశ్చిక (vr̥ścika), వృశ్చికం (vr̥ścikaṁ), వృశ్చికము (vr̥ścikamu)

→ Thai: พิจิก (pí-jìk)

/ʋŕ̩ɕ.t͡ɕi.kɐ/

Probably from the root व्रश्च् (vraśc, “to cut”). The astrological sense is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek σκορπῐ́ος (skorpíos).

sl

कु॒षु॒म्भ॒कस्तद॑ब्रवीद्गि॒रेः प्र॑वर्तमान॒कः। वृश्चि॑कस्यार॒सं वि॒षम॑र॒सं वृ॑श्चिक ते वि॒षम्॥

Hastening forth at the command (of Agastya), thus spoke the mongoose: the venom of the scorpion is innocuous; scorpion, your venom is innocuous.

kuṣumbhakástádabravīdgiréḥ pravartamānakáḥ. vṛ́ścikasyārasáṃ viṣámarasáṃ vṛścika te viṣám.

(astrology, astronomy) the zodiacal sign Scorpio


रथ

rátha (romanization)
रथः (nominative singular)
रथौ (dual nominative)
रथा1 (dual nominative)
रथाः (nominative plural)
रथासः1 (nominative plural)
रथ (singular vocative)
रथौ (dual vocative)
रथा1 (dual vocative)
रथाः (plural vocative)
रथासः1 (plural vocative)
रथम् (accusative singular)
रथौ (accusative dual)
रथा1 (accusative dual)
रथान् (accusative plural)
रथेन (instrumental singular)
रथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रथैः (instrumental plural)
रथेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रथाय (dative singular)
रथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रथेभ्यः (dative plural)
रथात् (ablative singular)
रथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रथस्य (genitive singular)
रथयोः (dual genitive)
रथानाम् (genitive plural)
रथे (locative singular)
रथयोः (dual locative)
रथेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: ৰথ (roth)

→ Bengali: রথ (roth)

→ Burmese: ရထား (ra.hta:)

→ Gujarati: રથ (rath)

→ Kannada: ರಥ (ratha)

→ Khmer: រថ (rŭət)

→ Lao: ລົດ (lot), ຣົຖ (rot)

Pali: ratha

Prakrit: 𑀭𑀳 (raha)

Old Gujarati: रह (raha)

⇒ Hindustani: rẽṛhū

desc

Hindi: रेंढ़ू

Hindi: रेंढ़ू

Urdu: رینڑهو

Urdu: رینڑهو

desctree

→ Old Javanese: ratha
Javanese: ꦫꦠ (rata)
→ Balinese: ᬭᬣ (rata)

→ Kannada: ರಥ (ratha)

→ Malayalam: രഥം (rathaṁ)

→ Marathi: रथ (rath)

→ Sinhalese: රථ (ratha), රථය (rathaya)

→ Tamil: இரதம் (iratam)

→ Telugu: రథము (rathamu)

→ Thai: รถ (rót)

From, Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hrátʰas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrátʰas (“chariot, car”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂-os, from *Hreth₂- (“to roll”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬚𐬀 (raθa, “chariot, car”), Latin rota, Old Irish roth, Old High German rad, Lithuanian ratas.

inh

त उ॒ग्रासो॒ वृष॑ण उ॒ग्रबा॑हवो॒ नकि॑ष्ट॒नूषु॑ येतिरे।
स्थि॒रा धन्वा॒न्यायु॑धा॒ रथे॑षु॒ वोऽनी॑के॒ष्वधि॒ श्रिय॑:॥
tá ugrā́so vṛ́ṣaṇa ugrábāhavo nákiṣṭanū́ṣu yetire.

Fierce, vigorous, strong-armed, they need not exert (the energy of their) people; bows and arrows are ready in your chariots; the glory (of conquest) over (hostile) armies is yours.

sthirā́ dhánvānyā́yudhā rátheṣu vóʼnīkeṣvádhi śríya:.

chariot, car, especially a two-wheeled war-chariot (lighter and swifter than the अनस् (anas)), any vehicle or equipage or carriage (applied also to the vehicles of the gods), waggon, cart


रथ

ratha (romanization)
रथः (nominative singular)
रथौ (dual nominative)
रथाः (nominative plural)
रथ (singular vocative)
रथौ (dual vocative)
रथाः (plural vocative)
रथम् (accusative singular)
रथौ (accusative dual)
रथान् (accusative plural)
रथेन (instrumental singular)
रथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रथैः (instrumental plural)
रथाय (dative singular)
रथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रथेभ्यः (dative plural)
रथात् (ablative singular)
रथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रथस्य (genitive singular)
रथयोः (dual genitive)
रथानाम् (genitive plural)
रथे (locative singular)
रथयोः (dual locative)
रथेषु (locative plural)

मनोरथ मनोरथ#Sanskrit

pleasure, joy, delight (compare मनोरथ (manoratha))


कल

kala (romanization)
कलः (nominative singular)
कलौ (dual nominative)
कलाः (nominative plural)
कल (singular vocative)
कलौ (dual vocative)
कलाः (plural vocative)
कलम् (accusative singular)
कलौ (accusative dual)
कलान् (accusative plural)
कलेन (instrumental singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कलैः (instrumental plural)
कलाय (dative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कलात् (ablative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कलस्य (genitive singular)
कलयोः (dual genitive)
कलानाम् (genitive plural)
कले (locative singular)
कलयोः (dual locative)
कलेषु (locative plural)
कला (nominative singular)
कले (dual nominative)
कलाः (nominative plural)
कले (singular vocative)
कले (dual vocative)
कलाः (plural vocative)
कलाम् (accusative singular)
कले (accusative dual)
कलाः (accusative plural)
कलया (instrumental singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कलाभिः (instrumental plural)
कलायै (dative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कलाभ्यः (dative plural)
कलायाः (ablative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कलाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कलायाः (genitive singular)
कलयोः (dual genitive)
कलानाम् (genitive plural)
कलायाम् (locative singular)
कलयोः (dual locative)
कलासु (locative plural)
कलम् (nominative singular)
कले (dual nominative)
कलानि (nominative plural)
कल (singular vocative)
कले (dual vocative)
कलानि (plural vocative)
कलम् (accusative singular)
कले (accusative dual)
कलानि (accusative plural)
कलेन (instrumental singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कलैः (instrumental plural)
कलाय (dative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कलात् (ablative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कलस्य (genitive singular)
कलयोः (dual genitive)
कलानाम् (genitive plural)
कले (locative singular)
कलयोः (dual locative)
कलेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of कल

Feminine ā-stem declension of कल

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">कल</i>

indistinct or inarticulate (on account of tears)

low, soft (as a tone), emitting a soft tone, melodious (as a voice or throat)

a kind of faulty pronunciation of vowels


कल

kala (romanization)
कलः (nominative singular)
कलौ (dual nominative)
कलाः (nominative plural)
कल (singular vocative)
कलौ (dual vocative)
कलाः (plural vocative)
कलम् (accusative singular)
कलौ (accusative dual)
कलान् (accusative plural)
कलेन (instrumental singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कलैः (instrumental plural)
कलाय (dative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कलात् (ablative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कलस्य (genitive singular)
कलयोः (dual genitive)
कलानाम् (genitive plural)
कले (locative singular)
कलयोः (dual locative)
कलेषु (locative plural)

Masculine a-stem declension of कल

a low or soft and inarticulate tone (as humming, buzzing etc.)

Shorea robusta
Shorea robusta#Translingual

(poetry) time equal to four matras or instants


कल

kala (romanization)
कलम् (nominative singular)
कले (dual nominative)
कलानि (nominative plural)
कल (singular vocative)
कले (dual vocative)
कलानि (plural vocative)
कलम् (accusative singular)
कले (accusative dual)
कलानि (accusative plural)
कलेन (instrumental singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कलैः (instrumental plural)
कलाय (dative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कलात् (ablative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कलस्य (genitive singular)
कलयोः (dual genitive)
कलानाम् (genitive plural)
कले (locative singular)
कलयोः (dual locative)
कलेषु (locative plural)

Ziziphus zizyphus
Ziziphus zizyphus#Translingual

Ziziphus jujuba
Ziziphus jujuba#Translingual


क्षीर

kṣīrá (romanization)
क्षीरम् (nominative singular)
क्षीरे (dual nominative)
क्षीराणि (nominative plural)
क्षीरा1 (nominative plural)
क्षीर (singular vocative)
क्षीरे (dual vocative)
क्षीराणि (plural vocative)
क्षीरा1 (plural vocative)
क्षीरम् (accusative singular)
क्षीरे (accusative dual)
क्षीराणि (accusative plural)
क्षीरा1 (accusative plural)
क्षीरेण (instrumental singular)
क्षीराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
क्षीरैः (instrumental plural)
क्षीरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
क्षीराय (dative singular)
क्षीराभ्याम् (dative dual)
क्षीरेभ्यः (dative plural)
क्षीरात् (ablative singular)
क्षीराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
क्षीरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
क्षीरस्य (genitive singular)
क्षीरयोः (dual genitive)
क्षीराणाम् (genitive plural)
क्षीरे (locative singular)
क्षीरयोः (dual locative)
क्षीरेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Dameli: [script needed] (c̣hīr)

Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (c̣hir)

desc

Kalami: [script needed] (c̣hīr, “milk, udder”)

Kalasha: č̣hir

Khowar: ݯھیر (c̣hír)

Phalura: ڇھیر (c̣hīr)

Savi: [script needed] (c̣hir)

Shumashti: [script needed] (c̣hīr)

Torwali: ڇھی (c̣hī)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit: 𑀓𑀺𑀭𑀺 (kiri)

Dhivehi: ކިރު (kiru)

Sinhalese: කිරි (kiri)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀔𑀻𑀭 (khīra)

Marathi: खीर (khīr), शिरें (śirẽ, “caudle for puerperal women of coconut milk”)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: खीर (khīra)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀔𑀻𑀭 (khīra)

Assamese: খীৰ (khir)

Bengali: ক্ষীর (khir), খীর (khir)

Odia: ଖିରି (khiri), ଖିର (khira, “milk, juice from trees”), ଖିରା (khirā, “inspissated milk”)

Sylheti: ꠈꠤꠞ (kír)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਖੀਰ (khīr)

Lahnda: کھِیر (khīr)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: کِيرُ

Devanagari script: खीरु

Pali: khīra

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀔𑀻𑀭 (khīra)

Domaaki: [script needed] (c̣hīr)

Gujarati: ખીરું (khīrũ)

Hindustani:

Hindi: खीर (khīr)

Urdu: کھیر (khīr)

>? Romani: khil

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Waigali: [script needed] (c̣hīr, “sour milk”)

→ Telugu: క్షీరము (kṣīramu) (learned)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám
Sanskrit क्षीर (kṣīra)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám (“milk”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬛- (xšuuid-), Northern Kurdish şîr, Persian شیر (šir), Zazaki şıd, şıt. Originally thought to be from Proto-Indo-European *swēyd- (“milk”), but Lubotsky claims a borrowing from the BMAC substrate.

etymon

पावमानीर्यो अध्येत्यृषिभिः सम्भृतं रसम् ।
तस्मै सरस्वती दुहे क्षीरं सर्पिर्मधूदकम् ॥
pāvamānīryo adhyetyṛṣibhiḥ sambhṛtaṃ rasam.
tasmai sarasvatī duhe kṣīraṃ sarpirmadhūdakam.
Whoever reads the essence stored by saints, the Pavamani hymns,

Sarasvatī draws forth for him water and butter, milk and meath.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda


जय

jayá (romanization)
जयः (nominative singular)
जयौ (dual nominative)
जया1 (dual nominative)
जयाः (nominative plural)
जयासः1 (nominative plural)
जय (singular vocative)
जयौ (dual vocative)
जया1 (dual vocative)
जयाः (plural vocative)
जयासः1 (plural vocative)
जयम् (accusative singular)
जयौ (accusative dual)
जया1 (accusative dual)
जयान् (accusative plural)
जयेन (instrumental singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जयैः (instrumental plural)
जयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जयाय (dative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जयेभ्यः (dative plural)
जयात् (ablative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जयस्य (genitive singular)
जययोः (dual genitive)
जयानाम् (genitive plural)
जये (locative singular)
जययोः (dual locative)
जयेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: জয় (joẏ)

→ Chinese: 闍耶／阇耶

→ English: Jaya

Gujarati: જાય (jāya)

→ Hindi: जय (jay)

→ Kannada: ಜಯ (jaya)

→ Khmer: ជយោ (cĕəʼyoo)

→ Lao: ໄຊ (sai)

→ Lü: ᦺᦋ (tsay)

→ Madurese: jhâjâ

→ Malay: jaya

Indonesian: jaya

→ Malayalam: ജയാ (jayā)

Marathi: जय (jay)

Nepali: जय (jaya)

Odia: ଜୟ (jaya)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: jaya
Javanese: ꦗꦪ (jaya)
→ Balinese: ᬚᬬ (jaya)

Pali: jaya
→ Khmer: ជ័យ (cɨy)
→ Burmese: ဇေယျ (jeyya.)
→ Mon: ဇၞး
→ Thai: ชัย (chai), ชโย (chayo) ไชโย (chaiyo)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜੈ (jai)

Shahmukhi script: جے (jay)

→ Tamil: ஜெயா (jeyā), ஜெய (jeya)

→ Telugu: జయ (jaya), జయము (jayamu)

From the root जि (ji, “to win”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to win, conquer”). Cognate with Ancient Greek βῐ́ᾱ (bíā).

inh

conquest, victory, triumph, winning, being victorious (in battle or in playing with dice or in a lawsuit)

(in the plural, paroxytone) name of particular verses causing victory (personified as deities)

a yellow variety of Vigna mungo ( <= Phaseolus mungo)

name of the 3rd year of the 6th lustrum of the bṛhaspati cycle

name of a rishi (author of RV. x, 180 ; son of Angiras or of Indra; living under the 10th manu)

name of an ancient king (11th cakravartin in Bharata)

Terminalia chebula
Terminalia chebula#Translingual

नीलदूर्वा नीलदूर्वा#Sanskrit

नीलदूर्वा (nīla-dūrvā)

the 3rd or 8th or 13th day of either half-month

one of the 7 flag-sticks of Indra's banner

of the mother of the 12th arhat of the present Avsarpini


जय

jayá (romanization)
जयः (nominative singular)
जयौ (dual nominative)
जया1 (dual nominative)
जयाः (nominative plural)
जयासः1 (nominative plural)
जय (singular vocative)
जयौ (dual vocative)
जया1 (dual vocative)
जयाः (plural vocative)
जयासः1 (plural vocative)
जयम् (accusative singular)
जयौ (accusative dual)
जया1 (accusative dual)
जयान् (accusative plural)
जयेन (instrumental singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जयैः (instrumental plural)
जयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जयाय (dative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जयेभ्यः (dative plural)
जयात् (ablative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जयस्य (genitive singular)
जययोः (dual genitive)
जयानाम् (genitive plural)
जये (locative singular)
जययोः (dual locative)
जयेषु (locative plural)
जया (nominative singular)
जये (dual nominative)
जयाः (nominative plural)
जये (singular vocative)
जये (dual vocative)
जयाः (plural vocative)
जयाम् (accusative singular)
जये (accusative dual)
जयाः (accusative plural)
जयया (instrumental singular)
जया1 (instrumental singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जयाभिः (instrumental plural)
जयायै (dative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जयाभ्यः (dative plural)
जयायाः (ablative singular)
जयायै2 (ablative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जयाभ्यः (ablative plural)
जयायाः (genitive singular)
जयायै2 (genitive singular)
जययोः (dual genitive)
जयानाम् (genitive plural)
जयायाम् (locative singular)
जययोः (dual locative)
जयासु (locative plural)
जयी (nominative singular)
जय्यौ (dual nominative)
जयी1 (dual nominative)
जय्यः (nominative plural)
जयीः1 (nominative plural)
जयि (singular vocative)
जय्यौ (dual vocative)
जयी1 (dual vocative)
जय्यः (plural vocative)
जयीः1 (plural vocative)
जयीम् (accusative singular)
जय्यौ (accusative dual)
जयी1 (accusative dual)
जयीः (accusative plural)
जय्या (instrumental singular)
जयीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जयीभिः (instrumental plural)
जय्यै (dative singular)
जयीभ्याम् (dative dual)
जयीभ्यः (dative plural)
जय्याः (ablative singular)
जय्यै2 (ablative singular)
जयीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जयीभ्यः (ablative plural)
जय्याः (genitive singular)
जय्यै2 (genitive singular)
जय्योः (dual genitive)
जयीनाम् (genitive plural)
जय्याम् (locative singular)
जय्योः (dual locative)
जयीषु (locative plural)
जयम् (nominative singular)
जये (dual nominative)
जयानि (nominative plural)
जया1 (nominative plural)
जय (singular vocative)
जये (dual vocative)
जयानि (plural vocative)
जया1 (plural vocative)
जयम् (accusative singular)
जये (accusative dual)
जयानि (accusative plural)
जया1 (accusative plural)
जयेन (instrumental singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जयैः (instrumental plural)
जयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जयाय (dative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जयेभ्यः (dative plural)
जयात् (ablative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जयस्य (genitive singular)
जययोः (dual genitive)
जयानाम् (genitive plural)
जये (locative singular)
जययोः (dual locative)
जयेषु (locative plural)

(at the end of a compound) conquering, winning


वृणोति

sa-verb

वृणोति • (vṛṇóti) third-singular indicative (class 5, type P, root वृ)

vṛṇóti (romanization)
वृ (root)
वृणोति (present)
वृणुते (present)
वृणोति (active indicative singular third-person)
वृणुतः (active dual indicative third-person)
वृण्वन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
वृणुते (indicative singular third-person)
वृण्वाते (dual indicative third-person)
वृण्वते (indicative plural third-person)
वृणोषि (active indicative second-person singular)
वृणुथः (active dual indicative second-person)
वृणुथ (active indicative plural second-person)
वृणुषे (indicative second-person singular)
वृण्वाथे (dual indicative second-person)
वृणुध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
वृणोमि (active first-person indicative singular)
वृण्वः (active dual first-person indicative)
वृणुवः (active dual first-person indicative)
वृण्मः (active first-person indicative plural)
वृण्मसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
वृणुमः (active first-person indicative plural)
वृणुमसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
वृण्वे (first-person indicative singular)
वृण्वहे (dual first-person indicative)
वृणुवहे (dual first-person indicative)
वृण्महे (first-person indicative plural)
वृणुमहे (first-person indicative plural)
वृणोतु (active imperative singular third-person)
वृणुताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
वृण्वन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
वृणुताम् (imperative singular third-person)
वृण्वाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
वृण्वताम् (imperative plural third-person)
वृणु (active imperative second-person singular)
वृणुहि1 (active imperative second-person singular)
वृणुतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
वृणुत (active imperative plural second-person)
वृणुष्व (imperative second-person singular)
वृण्वाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
वृणुध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
वृणवानि (active first-person imperative singular)
वृणवाव (active dual first-person imperative)
वृणवाम (active first-person imperative plural)
वृणवै (first-person imperative singular)
वृणवावहै (dual first-person imperative)
वृणवामहै (first-person imperative plural)
वृणुयात् (active imperative singular third-person)
वृणुयाताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
वृणुयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
वृण्वीत (imperative singular third-person)
वृण्वीयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
वृण्वीरन् (imperative plural third-person)
वृणुयाः (active imperative second-person singular)
वृणुयातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
वृणुयात (active imperative plural second-person)
वृण्वीथाः (imperative second-person singular)
वृण्वीयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
वृण्वीध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
वृणुयाम् (active first-person imperative singular)
वृणुयाव (active dual first-person imperative)
वृणुयाम (active first-person imperative plural)
वृण्वीय (first-person imperative singular)
वृण्वीवहि (dual first-person imperative)
वृण्वीमहि (first-person imperative plural)
वृणवत् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
वृणवति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
वृणवतः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
वृणवन् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
वृणवते (singular subjunctive third-person)
वृणवातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
वृणवैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
वृणवन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
वृणवान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
वृणवः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
वृणवसि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
वृणवथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
वृणवथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
वृणवसे (second-person singular subjunctive)
वृणवासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
वृणवैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
वृणवाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
वृणवानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
वृणवा (active first-person singular subjunctive)
वृणवाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
वृणवाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
वृणवै (first-person singular subjunctive)
वृणवावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
वृणवामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
वृण्वत् (active participle)
वृण्वान (participle)
अवृणोत् (imperfect)
अवृनुत (imperfect)
अवृणोत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अवृनुताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अवृन्वन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अवृनुत (indicative singular third-person)
अवृन्वाताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अवृन्वत (indicative plural third-person)
अवृणोः (active indicative second-person singular)
अवृनुतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अवृनुत (active indicative plural second-person)
अवृनुथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अवृन्वाथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अवृनुध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अवृणवम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अवृण्व (active dual first-person indicative)
अवृनुव (active dual first-person indicative)
अवृण्म (active first-person indicative plural)
अवृनुम (active first-person indicative plural)
अवृन्वि (first-person indicative singular)
अवृण्वहि (dual first-person indicative)
अवृनुवहि (dual first-person indicative)
अवृण्महि (first-person indicative plural)
अवृनुमहि (first-person indicative plural)

Pali: varati

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wr̥náwti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥náwti, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to wish, desire, want”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔλδομαι (éldomai), Old English willan (whence English will).

der

to choose, select, choose for oneself, choose as or for

to choose or pick out a person (for a boon), grant (a boon) to


वृणोति

Pali: varati

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wr̥náwti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥náwti. Further etymology uncertain. It is possibly a merger of verbs from three Proto-Indo-European roots: *h₂wer- (“to enclose”), *wel- (“to enclose”), and *wer- (“to guard”).

to cover, screen, veil, conceal, hide, envelop, obstruct

to ward off, check, keep back, prevent hinder, restrain


दुग्ध

dugdhá (romanization)
दुह् (root)
दुग्धः (nominative singular)
दुग्धौ (dual nominative)
दुग्धा1 (dual nominative)
दुग्धाः (nominative plural)
दुग्धासः1 (nominative plural)
दुग्ध (singular vocative)
दुग्धौ (dual vocative)
दुग्धा1 (dual vocative)
दुग्धाः (plural vocative)
दुग्धासः1 (plural vocative)
दुग्धम् (accusative singular)
दुग्धौ (accusative dual)
दुग्धा1 (accusative dual)
दुग्धान् (accusative plural)
दुग्धेन (instrumental singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुग्धैः (instrumental plural)
दुग्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुग्धाय (dative singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुग्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुग्धात् (ablative singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुग्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुग्धस्य (genitive singular)
दुग्धयोः (dual genitive)
दुग्धानाम् (genitive plural)
दुग्धे (locative singular)
दुग्धयोः (dual locative)
दुग्धेषु (locative plural)
दुग्धा (nominative singular)
दुग्धे (dual nominative)
दुग्धाः (nominative plural)
दुग्धे (singular vocative)
दुग्धे (dual vocative)
दुग्धाः (plural vocative)
दुग्धाम् (accusative singular)
दुग्धे (accusative dual)
दुग्धाः (accusative plural)
दुग्धया (instrumental singular)
दुग्धा1 (instrumental singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुग्धाभिः (instrumental plural)
दुग्धायै (dative singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुग्धाभ्यः (dative plural)
दुग्धायाः (ablative singular)
दुग्धायै2 (ablative singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुग्धाभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुग्धायाः (genitive singular)
दुग्धायै2 (genitive singular)
दुग्धयोः (dual genitive)
दुग्धानाम् (genitive plural)
दुग्धायाम् (locative singular)
दुग्धयोः (dual locative)
दुग्धासु (locative plural)
दुग्धम् (nominative singular)
दुग्धे (dual nominative)
दुग्धानि (nominative plural)
दुग्धा1 (nominative plural)
दुग्ध (singular vocative)
दुग्धे (dual vocative)
दुग्धानि (plural vocative)
दुग्धा1 (plural vocative)
दुग्धम् (accusative singular)
दुग्धे (accusative dual)
दुग्धानि (accusative plural)
दुग्धा1 (accusative plural)
दुग्धेन (instrumental singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुग्धैः (instrumental plural)
दुग्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुग्धाय (dative singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुग्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुग्धात् (ablative singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुग्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुग्धस्य (genitive singular)
दुग्धयोः (dual genitive)
दुग्धानाम् (genitive plural)
दुग्धे (locative singular)
दुग्धयोः (dual locative)
दुग्धेषु (locative plural)

/ˈd̪uɡ.d̪ʱɐ/

[ˈd̪uɡ̚.d̪ʱɐ]

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰugʰ-tó-s from *dʰewgʰ- (“to be yield”). Synchronically analyzable as the past passive participle of the root of दोग्धि (dógdhi, “to milk”).

अध॒ धार॑या॒ मध्वा॑ पृचा॒नस्ति॒रो रोम॑ पवते॒ अद्रि॑दुग्धः।
इन्दु॒रिन्द्र॑स्य स॒ख्यं जु॑षा॒णो दे॒वो दे॒वस्य॑ मत्स॒रो मदा॑य॥
ádha dhā́rayā mádhvā pṛcānástiró róma pavate ádridugdhaḥ.

Milked forth by the stones the Soma flows through the sheep's hair coming into contact with the gods with its sweet-flavoured stream; the divine exhilarating Indu desiring the friendship of Indra flows for the exhilaration of the deity.

índuríndrasya sakhyáṃ juṣāṇó devó devásya matsaró mádāya.

milked together, accumulated, filled, full


दुग्ध

dugdhá (romanization)
दुह् (root)
दुग्धम् (nominative singular)
दुग्धे (dual nominative)
दुग्धानि (nominative plural)
दुग्धा1 (nominative plural)
दुग्ध (singular vocative)
दुग्धे (dual vocative)
दुग्धानि (plural vocative)
दुग्धा1 (plural vocative)
दुग्धम् (accusative singular)
दुग्धे (accusative dual)
दुग्धानि (accusative plural)
दुग्धा1 (accusative plural)
दुग्धेन (instrumental singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुग्धैः (instrumental plural)
दुग्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुग्धाय (dative singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुग्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुग्धात् (ablative singular)
दुग्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुग्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुग्धस्य (genitive singular)
दुग्धयोः (dual genitive)
दुग्धानाम् (genitive plural)
दुग्धे (locative singular)
दुग्धयोः (dual locative)
दुग्धेषु (locative plural)

Rajbanshi: दुऩि (dunhi)

Kashmiri: دۄد (dọd)

Pali: duddha

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (duddha) (see there for further descendants)

→ Bengali: দুগ্ধ (dugdho)

→ Hindi: दुग्ध (dugdh) (learned)

→ Kannada: ದುಗ್ಧ (dugdha)

→ Tamil: துத்தம் (tuttam)

/ˈd̪uɡ.d̪ʱɐ/

[ˈd̪uɡ̚.d̪ʱɐ]

प्रि॒यं दु॒ग्धं न काम्य॒मजा॑मि जा॒म्योः सचा॑। घ॒र्मो न वाज॑जठ॒रोऽद॑ब्ध॒: शश्व॑तो॒ दभ॑:॥

May Agni with his two relatives, heaven and earth, hear this faultless praise, acceptable as milk; he who, like the mixed oblation, is filled with food, and unsubsdued, is ever the subduer of his foes.

priyáṃ dugdháṃ ná kā́myamájāmi jāmyóḥ sácā. gharmó ná vā́jajaṭharóʼdabdha: śáśvato dábha:.

श्वेतायै श्वेतवत्सायै दुग्धं मथितमाज्यमभवत्यज्यं प्रोक्षणमाज्येन मार्जयन्ते...

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) II.2.10.2

The butter is churned from the milk of a white (cow) with a white calf; butter is used for the sprinkling, and they purify themselves with butter...

śvetāyai śvetavatsāyai dugdhaṃ mathitamājyamabhavatyajyaṃ prokṣaṇamājyena mārjayante...


दुःस्वप्न

duḥsvápna (romanization)
दुःस्वप्नः (nominative singular)
दुःस्वप्नौ (dual nominative)
दुःस्वप्ना1 (dual nominative)
दुःस्वप्नाः (nominative plural)
दुःस्वप्नासः1 (nominative plural)
दुःस्वप्न (singular vocative)
दुःस्वप्नौ (dual vocative)
दुःस्वप्ना1 (dual vocative)
दुःस्वप्नाः (plural vocative)
दुःस्वप्नासः1 (plural vocative)
दुःस्वप्नम् (accusative singular)
दुःस्वप्नौ (accusative dual)
दुःस्वप्ना1 (accusative dual)
दुःस्वप्नान् (accusative plural)
दुःस्वप्नेन (instrumental singular)
दुःस्वप्नाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुःस्वप्नैः (instrumental plural)
दुःस्वप्नेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुःस्वप्नाय (dative singular)
दुःस्वप्नाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुःस्वप्नेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुःस्वप्नात् (ablative singular)
दुःस्वप्नाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुःस्वप्नेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुःस्वप्नस्य (genitive singular)
दुःस्वप्नयोः (dual genitive)
दुःस्वप्नानाम् (genitive plural)
दुःस्वप्ने (locative singular)
दुःस्वप्नयोः (dual locative)
दुःस्वप्नेषु (locative plural)

desc

→ Hindi: दुःस्वप्न (duḥsvapna) (learned)

→ Kannada: ದುಃಸ್ವಪ್ನ (duḥsvapna) (learned)

→ Marathi: दुःस्वप्न (duḥsvapna) (learned)

From दुस्- (dus-, “bad”) + स्वप्न (svápna, “dream”)


ភូមិ

វិវធ៌យន្តិយេទេវ
ភូមិទាសាំគ្ច*ធាម្ម៌ិកាះ
ស្វគ្គ៌េតេសវ្វ៌ទេវេន
បូជ្យន្តាន្និត្យសំបទះ ៕
* Read គ្ច as ឝ្ច

900-1100 AD; copied later, Arlo Griffiths, Kunthea Chhom, “A problematic inscription (K.1237)”, in Udaya: Journal of Khmer Studies, volume 14 (PDF), Yosothor, published 2019, halshs-02168837, page 10:

The pious ones who make the god's land and servants prosper, may they be honoured in heaven by all the gods and always be prosperous.

vivardhayanti ye deva
bhūmidāsāṃś ca dhārmmikāḥ
svargge te sarvvadevena
pūjyantān nityasaṃpadaḥ ॥


तुरग

/ˈt̪u.ɾɐ.ɡɐ/

Possibly a reborrowing from a Middle-Indo-Aryan form of त्वर् (for another reborrowing ultimately from this root, see तरु (sense 1)) + गम्, meaning "the swift-goer".


नभस्

nábhas (romanization)
नभः (nominative singular)
नभसी (dual nominative)
नभांसि (nominative plural)
नभः (singular vocative)
नभसी (dual vocative)
नभांसि (plural vocative)
नभः (accusative singular)
नभसी (accusative dual)
नभांसि (accusative plural)
नभसा (instrumental singular)
नभोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नभोभिः (instrumental plural)
नभसे (dative singular)
नभोभ्याम् (dative dual)
नभोभ्यः (dative plural)
नभसः (ablative singular)
नभोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नभोभ्यः (ablative plural)
नभसः (genitive singular)
नभसोः (dual genitive)
नभसाम् (genitive plural)
नभसि (locative singular)
नभसोः (dual locative)
नभःसु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀡𑀳 (ṇaha)

→ Tamil: நபம் (napam)

Bengali: নভ (nobho)

/ˈn̪ɐ.bʱɐs̪/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *nábʰas (“cloud, mist”), from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos. Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬠𐬀𐬵 (nabah), Ancient Greek νέφος (néphos), Latin nebula, Hittite 𒉈𒂊𒁉𒅖 (nēpis).

inh

तं शग्मासो अरुषासो अश्वा बृहस्पतिं सहवाहो वहन्ति।
सहश्चिद्यस्य नीलवत्सधस्थं नभो न रूपमरुषं वसानाः॥
taṃ śagmāso aruṣāso aśvā bṛhaspatiṃ sahavāho vahanti.
sahaścidyasya nīlavatsadhasthaṃ nabho na rūpamaruṣaṃ vasānāḥ.

Robed in red colour like the cloud, they carry the Lord of Might whose friendship gives a dwelling.

Him, this Bṛhaspati, his red-hued horses, drawing together, full of strength, bring hither.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

the sky or atmosphere (in dual: heaven and earth)


कृमि

kṛ́mi (romanization)
कृमिः (nominative singular)
कृमी (dual nominative)
कृमयः (nominative plural)
कृमे (singular vocative)
कृमी (dual vocative)
कृमयः (plural vocative)
कृमिम् (accusative singular)
कृमी (accusative dual)
कृमीन् (accusative plural)
कृमिणा (instrumental singular)
कृम्या1 (instrumental singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृमिभिः (instrumental plural)
कृमये (dative singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृमिभ्यः (dative plural)
कृमेः (ablative singular)
कृम्यः1 (ablative singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृमिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृमेः (genitive singular)
कृम्यः1 (genitive singular)
कृम्योः (dual genitive)
कृमीणाम् (genitive plural)
कृमौ (locative singular)
कृमा1 (locative singular)
कृम्योः (dual locative)
कृमिषु (locative plural)

Pali: kimi

desc

Punjabi: ਕਿਰਮ (kiram, “worm, slug, maggot”)

Odia: କୃମି (krumi)

Bengali: ক্রিমি (krimi)

Bengali: কির্মি (kirmi)

Sinhalese: කිමියා (kimiyā)

→ Malayalam: കൃമി (kr̥mi)

→ Tamil: கிருமி (kirumi)

→ Telugu: క్రిమి (krimi)

>? Romani: kirmo

PIE word
 *kʷŕ̥mis
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kŕ̥miṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷŕ̥mis (“worm”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *čьrvь (“worm”), Lithuanian kirmìs (“worm”), and Persian کرم (kerm, “worm”).

a worm, insect (VS., TS., AV., ŚBr., Mn. etc.)

कृमितन्तुजाल कृमितन्तुजाल#Sanskrit

"a spider" (» कृमितन्तुजाल (kṛ́mi-tantu-jāla))

उशीनर उशीनर#Sanskrit

भजमान भजमान#Sanskrit

name of a son (of उशीनर (uśīnara) Hariv. 1676 ff.; of भजमान (bhajamāna) Hariv. 2002)

name of an Asura (brother of Rāvaṇa) (L.)

नागराज नागराज#Sanskrit


कृमि

kṛ́mi (romanization)
कृमिः (nominative singular)
कृमी (dual nominative)
कृमयः (nominative plural)
कृमे (singular vocative)
कृमी (dual vocative)
कृमयः (plural vocative)
कृमिम् (accusative singular)
कृमी (accusative dual)
कृमीः (accusative plural)
कृम्या (instrumental singular)
कृमी1 (instrumental singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृमिभिः (instrumental plural)
कृमये (dative singular)
कृम्यै2 (dative singular)
कृमी1 (dative singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृमिभ्यः (dative plural)
कृमेः (ablative singular)
कृम्याः2 (ablative singular)
कृम्यै3 (ablative singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृमिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृमेः (genitive singular)
कृम्याः2 (genitive singular)
कृम्यै3 (genitive singular)
कृम्योः (dual genitive)
कृमीणाम् (genitive plural)
कृमौ (locative singular)
कृम्याम्2 (locative singular)
कृमा1 (locative singular)
कृम्योः (dual locative)
कृमिषु (locative plural)

उशीनर उशीनर#Sanskrit

name of the wife of उशीनर (uśīnara) and mother of Kṛmi (Hariv. 1675 and VP.; v.l. कृमी (kṛmī))


शृङ्ग

sa-noun

शृङ्ग • (śṛṅgá) stem, n

śṛṅgá (romanization)
शृङ्गम् (nominative singular)
शृङ्गे (dual nominative)
शृङ्गाणि (nominative plural)
शृङ्गा1 (nominative plural)
शृङ्ग (singular vocative)
शृङ्गे (dual vocative)
शृङ्गाणि (plural vocative)
शृङ्गा1 (plural vocative)
शृङ्गम् (accusative singular)
शृङ्गे (accusative dual)
शृङ्गाणि (accusative plural)
शृङ्गा1 (accusative plural)
शृङ्गेण (instrumental singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शृङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
शृङ्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शृङ्गाय (dative singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शृङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
शृङ्गात् (ablative singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शृङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शृङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
शृङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
शृङ्गाणाम् (genitive plural)
शृङ्गे (locative singular)
शृङ्गयोः (dual locative)
शृङ्गेषु (locative plural)

Pali: siṅga

Ashokan Prakrit:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: শিং (xiṅ)

Bengali: শিং (śiṅ), শিঙা (śiṅa)

Sylheti: ꠢꠤꠋ (hiṅ)

desctree

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀕 (siṃga)
Old Marathi:
Devanagari script: सिंग (siṃga)
Modi script: 𑘭𑘱𑘽𑘐 (siṃga)
Marathi: शिंग (śiṅga)
Romani: śing
Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
Hindustani:
Hindi: सींग (sīṅg)
Urdu: سینگ (sīṅg)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: ਸਿੰਗ (siṅg)

→ Kannada: ಶೃಂಗ (śṛṅga)

→ Telugu: శృంగము (śr̥ṅgamu)

Thai: ศฤงค์

→ Hindi: शृंग (śŕṅg) (learned)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *śr̥Hngám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥Hngám, from earlier *ćr̥Hnám, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂-nó-m, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”).
Cognate with Old Church Slavonic сръна (srŭna, “roedeer”), Hittite [script needed] (surna, “horn”), Latin cornū, Old English horn (whence English horn).

cog

the top or summit of a mountain, a peak, crag

the summit of a building, pinnacle, turret

any peak or projection or lofty object, elevation, point, end, extremity

highest point, acme, height or perfection of anything


शृङ्ग

sa-noun

शृङ्ग • (śṛṅgá) stem, m

śṛṅgá (romanization)
शृङ्गः (nominative singular)
शृङ्गौ (dual nominative)
शृङ्गा1 (dual nominative)
शृङ्गाः (nominative plural)
शृङ्गासः1 (nominative plural)
शृङ्ग (singular vocative)
शृङ्गौ (dual vocative)
शृङ्गा1 (dual vocative)
शृङ्गाः (plural vocative)
शृङ्गासः1 (plural vocative)
शृङ्गम् (accusative singular)
शृङ्गौ (accusative dual)
शृङ्गा1 (accusative dual)
शृङ्गान् (accusative plural)
शृङ्गेण (instrumental singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शृङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
शृङ्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शृङ्गाय (dative singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शृङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
शृङ्गात् (ablative singular)
शृङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शृङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शृङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
शृङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
शृङ्गाणाम् (genitive plural)
शृङ्गे (locative singular)
शृङ्गयोः (dual locative)
शृङ्गेषु (locative plural)

name of a मुनि (of whom, in some parts of India, on occasions of drought, earthen images are said to be made and worshipped for rain)


सर्पिणी

sarpiṇī (romanization)
सर्पिणी (nominative singular)
सर्पिण्यौ (dual nominative)
सर्पिण्यः (nominative plural)
सर्पिणि (singular vocative)
सर्पिण्यौ (dual vocative)
सर्पिण्यः (plural vocative)
सर्पिणीम् (accusative singular)
सर्पिण्यौ (accusative dual)
सर्पिणीः (accusative plural)
सर्पिण्या (instrumental singular)
सर्पिणीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सर्पिणीभिः (instrumental plural)
सर्पिण्यै (dative singular)
सर्पिणीभ्याम् (dative dual)
सर्पिणीभ्यः (dative plural)
सर्पिण्याः (ablative singular)
सर्पिणीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सर्पिणीभ्यः (ablative plural)
सर्पिण्याः (genitive singular)
सर्पिण्योः (dual genitive)
सर्पिणीनाम् (genitive plural)
सर्पिण्याम् (locative singular)
सर्पिण्योः (dual locative)
सर्पिणीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of सर्पिणी

सर्पिणीभ्याम्

सर्पिणीभ्याम्

सर्पिणीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

सर्पिणीभ्याम्

सर्पिणीभ्याम्

सर्पिणीभ्याम्


मक्षिक

makṣika (romanization)
मक्षिकः (nominative singular)
मक्षिकौ (dual nominative)
मक्षिका1 (dual nominative)
मक्षिकाः (nominative plural)
मक्षिकासः1 (nominative plural)
मक्षिक (singular vocative)
मक्षिकौ (dual vocative)
मक्षिका1 (dual vocative)
मक्षिकाः (plural vocative)
मक्षिकासः1 (plural vocative)
मक्षिकम् (accusative singular)
मक्षिकौ (accusative dual)
मक्षिका1 (accusative dual)
मक्षिकान् (accusative plural)
मक्षिकेण (instrumental singular)
मक्षिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मक्षिकैः (instrumental plural)
मक्षिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मक्षिकाय (dative singular)
मक्षिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मक्षिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
मक्षिकात् (ablative singular)
मक्षिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मक्षिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मक्षिकस्य (genitive singular)
मक्षिकयोः (dual genitive)
मक्षिकाणाम् (genitive plural)
मक्षिके (locative singular)
मक्षिकयोः (dual locative)
मक्षिकेषु (locative plural)


मक्षिकामल

makṣikāmala (romanization)
मक्षिकामलम् (nominative singular)
मक्षिकामले (dual nominative)
मक्षिकामलानि (nominative plural)
मक्षिकामला1 (nominative plural)
मक्षिकामल (singular vocative)
मक्षिकामले (dual vocative)
मक्षिकामलानि (plural vocative)
मक्षिकामला1 (plural vocative)
मक्षिकामलम् (accusative singular)
मक्षिकामले (accusative dual)
मक्षिकामलानि (accusative plural)
मक्षिकामला1 (accusative plural)
मक्षिकामलेन (instrumental singular)
मक्षिकामलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मक्षिकामलैः (instrumental plural)
मक्षिकामलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मक्षिकामलाय (dative singular)
मक्षिकामलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मक्षिकामलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मक्षिकामलात् (ablative singular)
मक्षिकामलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मक्षिकामलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मक्षिकामलस्य (genitive singular)
मक्षिकामलयोः (dual genitive)
मक्षिकामलानाम् (genitive plural)
मक्षिकामले (locative singular)
मक्षिकामलयोः (dual locative)
मक्षिकामलेषु (locative plural)


चेतस्

cétas (romanization)
चेतः (nominative singular)
चेतसी (dual nominative)
चेतांसि (nominative plural)
चेतः (singular vocative)
चेतसी (dual vocative)
चेतांसि (plural vocative)
चेतः (accusative singular)
चेतसी (accusative dual)
चेतांसि (accusative plural)
चेतसा (instrumental singular)
चेतोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चेतोभिः (instrumental plural)
चेतसे (dative singular)
चेतोभ्याम् (dative dual)
चेतोभ्यः (dative plural)
चेतसः (ablative singular)
चेतोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चेतोभ्यः (ablative plural)
चेतसः (genitive singular)
चेतसोः (dual genitive)
चेतसाम् (genitive plural)
चेतसि (locative singular)
चेतसोः (dual locative)
चेतःसु (locative plural)

Pali: cetas

Prakrit: 𑀘𑁂𑀅𑀲𑁆 (ceas)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Old Bengali: চী (cī)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ހެއި (hei), ހޭ (hē)

Sinhalese: සෙය් (sey)

/ˈt͡ɕeː.t̪ɐs̪/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćáytas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čáytas, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷéyt-os ~ kʷéyt-es-, from *kʷeyt- (“to notice”).

inh

RV 5.73.6b
युवोर अत्रिश चिकेतति नरा सुम्नेन चेतसा |
घर्मं यद वाम अरेपसं नासत्यास्ना भुरण्यति ||
yuvor atriś ciketati narā sumnena cetasā |
gharmaṃ yad vām arepasaṃ nāsatyāsnā bhuraṇyati ||
Atri bethinks himself of you, O Heroes, with a friendly mind,
What time, Nāsatyas, with his mouth he stirs the spotless flame for you.

RV 9.83.2d
तपोष पवित्रं विततं दिवस पदे शोचन्तो अस्य तन्तवो वयस्थिरन |
अवन्त्यस्य पवीतारमाशवो दिवस पर्ष्ठमधितिष्ठन्ति चेतसा ||
tapoṣ pavitraṃ vitataṃ divas pade śocanto asya tantavo vyasthiran |
avantyasya pavītāramāśavo divas pṛṣṭhamadhitiṣṭhanti cetasā ||
High in the seat of heaven is spread the Scorcher's sieve: its threads are standing separate, glittering with light.
The Swift Ones favour him who purifieth this: with consciousness they stand upon the height of heaven.

consciousness, intelligence, thinking soul, heart, mind


पयस्

páyas (romanization)
पयः (nominative singular)
पयसी (dual nominative)
पयांसि (nominative plural)
पयः (singular vocative)
पयसी (dual vocative)
पयांसि (plural vocative)
पयः (accusative singular)
पयसी (accusative dual)
पयांसि (accusative plural)
पयसा (instrumental singular)
पयोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पयोभिः (instrumental plural)
पयसे (dative singular)
पयोभ्याम् (dative dual)
पयोभ्यः (dative plural)
पयसः (ablative singular)
पयोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पयोभ्यः (ablative plural)
पयसः (genitive singular)
पयसोः (dual genitive)
पयसाम् (genitive plural)
पयसि (locative singular)
पयसोः (dual locative)
पयःसु (locative plural)

Pali: paya

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀬 (paya)

Sinhalese: පය (paya), පා (pā)

→ Kannada: ಪಯಸ್ಸು (payassu) (learned)

→ Malayalam: പയസ്സ് (payassŭ) (learned)

→ Telugu: పయస్సు (payassu) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *páyHas (“milk”), from Proto-Indo-European *péyH-o-s (“fat, milk”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (paiiah), 𐬞𐬀𐬉𐬨𐬀𐬥 (paēman), Latvian piens, Lithuanian píenas, English fat.

दुहामश्विभ्यां पयो अघ्न्येयं सा वर्धतां महते सौभगाय ॥
duhāmaśvibhyāṃ payo aghnyeyaṃ sā vardhatāṃ mahate saubhagāya.

"...May this cow yield her milk for both the Aśvins, and may she prosper to our high advantage."

semen, (metaphorically) vital spirit, power, strength


अन्तरात्मन्

the internal feelings, the heart or mind


वाट

vāṭa (romanization)
वाटः (nominative singular)
वाटौ (dual nominative)
वाटाः (nominative plural)
वाट (singular vocative)
वाटौ (dual vocative)
वाटाः (plural vocative)
वाटम् (accusative singular)
वाटौ (accusative dual)
वाटान् (accusative plural)
वाटेन (instrumental singular)
वाटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाटैः (instrumental plural)
वाटाय (dative singular)
वाटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाटेभ्यः (dative plural)
वाटात् (ablative singular)
वाटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाटस्य (genitive singular)
वाटयोः (dual genitive)
वाटानाम् (genitive plural)
वाटे (locative singular)
वाटयोः (dual locative)
वाटेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of वाट

A Prakritism from Early Eastern Prakrit, from *वार्त्र (vārtra, “any fenced or enclosed structure”), vriddhi of वृत (vṛta, “enclosed”).

enclosure, (either) a fence, wall, (or) a piece of enclosed ground, garden, park, plantation


वृष्टि

sa-noun

वृष्टि • (vṛṣṭí or vṛ́ṣṭi) stem, f

vṛṣṭí (romanization)
vṛ́ṣṭi (romanization)
वृष्टिः (nominative singular)
वृष्टी (dual nominative)
वृष्टयः (nominative plural)
वृष्टे (singular vocative)
वृष्टी (dual vocative)
वृष्टयः (plural vocative)
वृष्टिम् (accusative singular)
वृष्टी (accusative dual)
वृष्टीः (accusative plural)
वृष्ट्या (instrumental singular)
वृष्टी1 (instrumental singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृष्टिभिः (instrumental plural)
वृष्टये (dative singular)
वृष्ट्यै2 (dative singular)
वृष्टी1 (dative singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृष्टिभ्यः (dative plural)
वृष्टेः (ablative singular)
वृष्ट्याः2 (ablative singular)
वृष्ट्यै3 (ablative singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृष्टिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृष्टेः (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्याः2 (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्यै3 (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्योः (dual genitive)
वृष्टीनाम् (genitive plural)
वृष्टौ (locative singular)
वृष्ट्याम्2 (locative singular)
वृष्टा1 (locative singular)
वृष्ट्योः (dual locative)
वृष्टिषु (locative plural)
वृष्टिः (nominative singular)
वृष्टी (dual nominative)
वृष्टयः (nominative plural)
वृष्टे (singular vocative)
वृष्टी (dual vocative)
वृष्टयः (plural vocative)
वृष्टिम् (accusative singular)
वृष्टी (accusative dual)
वृष्टीः (accusative plural)
वृष्ट्या (instrumental singular)
वृष्टी1 (instrumental singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृष्टिभिः (instrumental plural)
वृष्टये (dative singular)
वृष्ट्यै2 (dative singular)
वृष्टी1 (dative singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृष्टिभ्यः (dative plural)
वृष्टेः (ablative singular)
वृष्ट्याः2 (ablative singular)
वृष्ट्यै3 (ablative singular)
वृष्टिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृष्टिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृष्टेः (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्याः2 (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्यै3 (genitive singular)
वृष्ट्योः (dual genitive)
वृष्टीनाम् (genitive plural)
वृष्टौ (locative singular)
वृष्ट्याम्2 (locative singular)
वृष्टा1 (locative singular)
वृष्ट्योः (dual locative)
वृष्टिषु (locative plural)

Pali: vuṭṭhi

→ Bengali: বৃষ্টি (briśṭi)

→ Gujarati: વૃષ્ટિ (vŕṣṭi)

desc

→ Tamil: விருட்டி (viruṭṭi), விருஷ்டி (viruṣṭi)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁wérs-ti-s ~ *h₁wr̥s-téy-s, from the root *h₁wers- (“to rain”); related to वर्ष (varṣa).

inh

मयोभुवो नो अर्वन्तो नि पान्तु वृष्टिं परिज्मा वातो ददातु॥
mayobhuvo no arvanto ni pāntu vṛṣṭiṃ parijmā vāto dadātu.

May the swift-moving Gods protect and bless us, and Vāta send us rain, who wanders round us.


भ्रमर

bhramara (romanization)
भ्रमरः (nominative singular)
भ्रमरौ (dual nominative)
भ्रमरा1 (dual nominative)
भ्रमराः (nominative plural)
भ्रमरासः1 (nominative plural)
भ्रमर (singular vocative)
भ्रमरौ (dual vocative)
भ्रमरा1 (dual vocative)
भ्रमराः (plural vocative)
भ्रमरासः1 (plural vocative)
भ्रमरम् (accusative singular)
भ्रमरौ (accusative dual)
भ्रमरा1 (accusative dual)
भ्रमरान् (accusative plural)
भ्रमरेण (instrumental singular)
भ्रमराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भ्रमरैः (instrumental plural)
भ्रमरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भ्रमराय (dative singular)
भ्रमराभ्याम् (dative dual)
भ्रमरेभ्यः (dative plural)
भ्रमरात् (ablative singular)
भ्रमराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भ्रमरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भ्रमरस्य (genitive singular)
भ्रमरयोः (dual genitive)
भ्रमराणाम् (genitive plural)
भ्रमरे (locative singular)
भ्रमरयोः (dual locative)
भ्रमरेषु (locative plural)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ބުމަރު (bumaru)

Sinhalese: බමරය (bamaraya)

desc

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀪𑀫𑀭 (bhamara), 𑀪𑀫𑀭𑀻 (bhamarī), 𑀪𑀫𑀮𑀻 (bhamalī), 𑀪𑀫𑀮𑀺𑀬𑀸 (bhamaliyā)

⇒ Old Marathi: 𑘥𑘪𑘨𑘰 (bhavarā), 𑘥𑘽𑘪𑘨𑘰 (bhaṃvarā)

Bengali: ভোমরা (bhōmra)

⇒ Kashmiri: بۆمبُر (bombur)

Marathi: भोवरा (bhovrā)

Pali: bhamara

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀪𑀫𑀭 (bhamara)

Gujarati: ભમર (bhamar), ભમરો (bhamro), ભમરી (bhamrī)

⇒ Gujarati: ભમરડો (bhamarḍo)

Hindi: भँवर (bhãvar), भौंर (bha͠ur)

⇒ Hindi: भँवरा (bhãvrā), भौंरा (bha͠urā)

Nepali : भ्रमर (bhramar)

⇒ Nepali: भँमरा (bhãmarā)

→ Bengali: ভ্রমর (bhromor)

→ Tamil: பிரமரம் (piramaram)

→ Telugu: భ్రమరము (bhramaramu)

/bʱɾɐ.mɐ.ɾɐ/

/ˈbʱɾɐ.mɐ.ɾɐ/

From the root भ्रम् (bhram, “to wander”) + -अर (-ara)

sa-root

a large black bee, a kind of bumblebee, any bee


मधुलिह्

mádhu-lih (romanization)
मधुलिट् (nominative singular)
मधुलिहौ (dual nominative)
मधुलिहा1 (dual nominative)
मधुलिहः (nominative plural)
मधुलिट् (singular vocative)
मधुलिहौ (dual vocative)
मधुलिहा1 (dual vocative)
मधुलिहः (plural vocative)
मधुलिहम् (accusative singular)
मधुलिहौ (accusative dual)
मधुलिहा1 (accusative dual)
मधुलिहः (accusative plural)
मधुलिहा (instrumental singular)
मधुलिड्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मधुलिड्भिः (instrumental plural)
मधुलिहे (dative singular)
मधुलिड्भ्याम् (dative dual)
मधुलिड्भ्यः (dative plural)
मधुलिहः (ablative singular)
मधुलिड्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
मधुलिड्भ्यः (ablative plural)
मधुलिहः (genitive singular)
मधुलिहोः (dual genitive)
मधुलिहाम् (genitive plural)
मधुलिहि (locative singular)
मधुलिहोः (dual locative)
मधुलिट्सु (locative plural)

From मधु (madhu, “honey”) + लिह् (lih, “licking”). Compare Ancient Greek μέλισσα (mélissa), sometimes said to be from μέλι (méli, “honey”) + the root of λείχω (leíkhō, “lick”).

af

(at the end of a compound) one who has licked the honey of


वादक

vādaka (romanization)
वादकः (nominative singular)
वादकौ (dual nominative)
वादकाः (nominative plural)
वादक (singular vocative)
वादकौ (dual vocative)
वादकाः (plural vocative)
वादकम् (accusative singular)
वादकौ (accusative dual)
वादकान् (accusative plural)
वादकेन (instrumental singular)
वादकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वादकैः (instrumental plural)
वादकाय (dative singular)
वादकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वादकेभ्यः (dative plural)
वादकात् (ablative singular)
वादकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वादकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वादकस्य (genitive singular)
वादकयोः (dual genitive)
वादकानाम् (genitive plural)
वादके (locative singular)
वादकयोः (dual locative)
वादकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of वादक


मारुत

Sundanese: ᮙᮛᮥᮒ (maruta)

Tamil: மாருதம் (mārutam)

Malayalam: മാരുതം (mārutaṁ)

vital air, one of the 3 humours of the body


वर्षा

varṣā́ (romanization)
वर्षा (nominative singular)
वर्षे (dual nominative)
वर्षाः (nominative plural)
वर्षे (singular vocative)
वर्षे (dual vocative)
वर्षाः (plural vocative)
वर्षाम् (accusative singular)
वर्षे (accusative dual)
वर्षाः (accusative plural)
वर्षया (instrumental singular)
वर्षा1 (instrumental singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्षाभिः (instrumental plural)
वर्षायै (dative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्षाभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्षायाः (ablative singular)
वर्षायै2 (ablative singular)
वर्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्षाभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्षायाः (genitive singular)
वर्षायै2 (genitive singular)
वर्षयोः (dual genitive)
वर्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
वर्षायाम् (locative singular)
वर्षयोः (dual locative)
वर्षासु (locative plural)

Assamese: বাৰিষা (barixa)

Hindi: बर्खा (barkhā)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (varisā)

Punjabi: (“raining”) وَسَّہ (vassah) / ਵੱਸ (vassa)

Sinhalese: වැස්ස (wæssa)

Urdu: برکها (barkhā)

→ Bengali: বর্ষা (borśa)

→ Hindi: वर्षा (varṣā)

→ Marathi: वर्षा (varṣā)

→ Nepali: वर्षा (varṣā)

→ Northern Kurdish: variş (“rain”)

→ Telugu: వర్షము (varṣamu)

desc

→ Thai: พรรษา (pan-sǎa, “rainy season, year”)

From वर्ष (varṣá, “rain”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wers- (“to rain”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἕρση (hérsē, “dew”), Old Irish frass (“rain-shower”).

der

c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā)

(in the plural) the rains, rainy season, monsoon (lasting two months according to the Hindu division of the year into six seasons)

बरसात

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (vāsāratti)


शोभा

śobhā́ (romanization)
शोभा (nominative singular)
शोभे (dual nominative)
शोभाः (nominative plural)
शोभे (singular vocative)
शोभे (dual vocative)
शोभाः (plural vocative)
शोभाम् (accusative singular)
शोभे (accusative dual)
शोभाः (accusative plural)
शोभया (instrumental singular)
शोभाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शोभाभिः (instrumental plural)
शोभायै (dative singular)
शोभाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शोभाभ्यः (dative plural)
शोभायाः (ablative singular)
शोभाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शोभाभ्यः (ablative plural)
शोभायाः (genitive singular)
शोभयोः (dual genitive)
शोभानाम् (genitive plural)
शोभायाम् (locative singular)
शोभयोः (dual locative)
शोभासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of शोभा

Pali: sobha

Telugu: శోభ (śōbha)

Thai: โศภา (sǒo-paa)

splendour, brilliance, lustre, beauty, grace, loveliness


शिर

śira (romanization)
शिरः (nominative singular)
शिरौ (dual nominative)
शिरा1 (dual nominative)
शिराः (nominative plural)
शिरासः1 (nominative plural)
शिर (singular vocative)
शिरौ (dual vocative)
शिरा1 (dual vocative)
शिराः (plural vocative)
शिरासः1 (plural vocative)
शिरम् (accusative singular)
शिरौ (accusative dual)
शिरा1 (accusative dual)
शिरान् (accusative plural)
शिरेण (instrumental singular)
शिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिरैः (instrumental plural)
शिरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शिराय (dative singular)
शिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिरेभ्यः (dative plural)
शिरात् (ablative singular)
शिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिरस्य (genitive singular)
शिरयोः (dual genitive)
शिराणाम् (genitive plural)
शिरे (locative singular)
शिरयोः (dual locative)
शिरेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Pashayi: šero

desc

Kashmiri: ह्यरि॒ (hyari॒), हीरू॒ (hīrū॒)

desctree

Old Javanese: śirah
Javanese: ꦱꦶꦫꦃ (sirah)
→ Sundanese: ᮞᮤᮛᮂ (sirah)
→ Balinese: ᬰᬶᬭᬄ → ᬲᬶᬭᬄ (sirah)

Pali: sira

→ Sinhalese: සිර (sira)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀭 (sira)

Punjabi: ਸਿਰ (sir), ਸਿਰੀ (sirī)

Sindhi: 𑋝𑋡𑋙𑋣 (siru), 𑋝𑋡𑋙𑋢 (sirī)

West Pahāṛī: śir,śirī

Churahi: 𑚧𑚮𑚤

Kumaoni: सिर

Nepali: सिर (sira)

Assamese: শিৰ (xir)

Bengali: শির (śir)

Odia: ଶିର (śira)

Maithili: 𑒮𑒱𑒩 (sira)

Awadhi: 𑂮𑂱𑂩

desc

Hindi: सिर (sir), सिरा (sirā), सिरी (sirī)

Gujarati: સિર (sir)

Marathi: 𑘫𑘲𑘨 (śīr), 𑘫𑘲𑘨 (śīr)

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head”); see there for more. Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬀 (sara).


चुम्ब

cumba (romanization)
चुम्बः (nominative singular)
चुम्बौ (dual nominative)
चुम्बा1 (dual nominative)
चुम्बाः (nominative plural)
चुम्बासः1 (nominative plural)
चुम्ब (singular vocative)
चुम्बौ (dual vocative)
चुम्बा1 (dual vocative)
चुम्बाः (plural vocative)
चुम्बासः1 (plural vocative)
चुम्बम् (accusative singular)
चुम्बौ (accusative dual)
चुम्बा1 (accusative dual)
चुम्बान् (accusative plural)
चुम्बेन (instrumental singular)
चुम्बाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चुम्बैः (instrumental plural)
चुम्बेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चुम्बाय (dative singular)
चुम्बाभ्याम् (dative dual)
चुम्बेभ्यः (dative plural)
चुम्बात् (ablative singular)
चुम्बाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चुम्बेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चुम्बस्य (genitive singular)
चुम्बयोः (dual genitive)
चुम्बानाम् (genitive plural)
चुम्बे (locative singular)
चुम्बयोः (dual locative)
चुम्बेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: চুমা (suma)

Bengali: চুম্বা (cumba), চুমা (cuma)

Hindi: चुम्मा (cummā)

Punjabi: ਚੁੱਮਾ (cummā)

Odia: ଚୁମ୍ବା (cumbā), ଚୁମା (cumā)

Romani: ćumi

From चुम्ब् (cumb, “to kiss”, root) + -अ (-a).


मरुत्

marút (romanization)
मरुत् (nominative singular)
मरुतौ (dual nominative)
मरुता1 (dual nominative)
मरुतः (nominative plural)
मरुत् (singular vocative)
मरुतौ (dual vocative)
मरुता1 (dual vocative)
मरुतः (plural vocative)
मरुतम् (accusative singular)
मरुतौ (accusative dual)
मरुता1 (accusative dual)
मरुतः (accusative plural)
मरुता (instrumental singular)
मरुद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मरुद्भिः (instrumental plural)
मरुते (dative singular)
मरुद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
मरुद्भ्यः (dative plural)
मरुतः (ablative singular)
मरुद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
मरुद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
मरुतः (genitive singular)
मरुतोः (dual genitive)
मरुताम् (genitive plural)
मरुति (locative singular)
मरुतोः (dual locative)
मरुत्सु (locative plural)

Pali: marū

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀭𑀼 (maru), 𑀫𑀭𑀼𑀅 (marua)

Uncertain. Mayrhofer draws a connection to Latin Mārs (originally Māvors, from either Proto-Italic *Māwortis or *Māmart-) and Oscan 𐌌𐌀𐌌𐌄𐌓𐌕- (mamert-).
Mayrhofer also notes that more authors assume a suffixal -उत् (-ut, “breathing”), from the root वा (vā, “to breathe”); compare वात (vāta, “wind”), which in the plural can also refer to the Maruts. For मर्- (mar-), he considers several origin possibilities:
* Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“sea”), whence Latin mare
* *mer- (“young man”), whence मर्य (marya, “man”)
* *mer- (“to flicker, twinkle”), whence Ancient Greek μαρμαίρω (marmaírō, “to flash”) and Sanskrit मरीचि (marīci, “ray of light”), a connection to which is also supported by Monier-Williams.

cog

Maruts, storm-god, patron deity of the winds


अनिल

ánila (romanization)
अनिलः (nominative singular)
अनिलौ (dual nominative)
अनिला1 (dual nominative)
अनिलाः (nominative plural)
अनिलासः1 (nominative plural)
अनिल (singular vocative)
अनिलौ (dual vocative)
अनिला1 (dual vocative)
अनिलाः (plural vocative)
अनिलासः1 (plural vocative)
अनिलम् (accusative singular)
अनिलौ (accusative dual)
अनिला1 (accusative dual)
अनिलान् (accusative plural)
अनिलेन (instrumental singular)
अनिलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अनिलैः (instrumental plural)
अनिलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अनिलाय (dative singular)
अनिलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अनिलेभ्यः (dative plural)
अनिलात् (ablative singular)
अनिलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अनिलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अनिलस्य (genitive singular)
अनिलयोः (dual genitive)
अनिलानाम् (genitive plural)
अनिले (locative singular)
अनिलयोः (dual locative)
अनिलेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: অনিল (onil)

→ Bengali: অনিল (onil)

→ Hindi: अनिल (anil)

→ Kannada: ಅನಿಲ (anila)

→ Marathi: अनिल (anil)

→ Odia: ଅନିଳ (aniḷa)

→ Pali: anila

→ Tamil: அனிலம் (aṉilam)

→ Telugu: అనిలము (anilamu)

From a derivative of *h₂enh₁- (“breathe”) (see अन् (an, “to breathe”)). Compare Ancient Greek ἄνεμος (ánemos, “wind, breeze”), Old Armenian անձն (anjn, “person”) and հողմ (hołm, “wind”), Old Frisian omma (“breath”), Latin animus, anima.


पवन

pávana (romanization)
पवनः (nominative singular)
पवनौ (dual nominative)
पवना1 (dual nominative)
पवनाः (nominative plural)
पवनासः1 (nominative plural)
पवन (singular vocative)
पवनौ (dual vocative)
पवना1 (dual vocative)
पवनाः (plural vocative)
पवनासः1 (plural vocative)
पवनम् (accusative singular)
पवनौ (accusative dual)
पवना1 (accusative dual)
पवनान् (accusative plural)
पवनेन (instrumental singular)
पवनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पवनैः (instrumental plural)
पवनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पवनाय (dative singular)
पवनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पवनेभ्यः (dative plural)
पवनात् (ablative singular)
पवनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पवनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पवनस्य (genitive singular)
पवनयोः (dual genitive)
पवनानाम् (genitive plural)
पवने (locative singular)
पवनयोः (dual locative)
पवनेषु (locative plural)

→ Gujarati: પવન (pavan)

→ Hindi: पवन (pavan)

→ Malay: pawana

desc

→ Tamil: பவனம் (pavaṉam), பவனன் (pavaṉaṉ)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pawHanas, from Proto-Indo-European *pewH-e-nos, from *pewH- (“to be pure, clean”).

"purifier", wind or the god of wind, breeze, air


द्यु

dyú (romanization)
द्यौः (nominative singular)
द्यावा (dual nominative)
द्यावौ (dual nominative)
दिवौ (dual nominative)
दिवः (nominative plural)
द्यावः (nominative plural)
द्यौः (singular vocative)
द्यावा (dual vocative)
द्यावौ (dual vocative)
दिवौ (dual vocative)
दिवः (plural vocative)
द्यावः (plural vocative)
दिवम् (accusative singular)
द्याम् (accusative singular)
द्यावा (accusative dual)
द्यावौ (accusative dual)
दिवौ (accusative dual)
दिवः (accusative plural)
द्यून् (accusative plural)
दिवा (instrumental singular)
द्यवा (instrumental singular)
द्युभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्युभिः (instrumental plural)
दिवे (dative singular)
द्यवे (dative singular)
द्युभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्युभ्यः (dative plural)
दिवः (ablative singular)
द्योः (ablative singular)
द्युभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्युभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिवः (genitive singular)
द्योः (genitive singular)
द्यवोः (dual genitive)
दिवोः (dual genitive)
दिवाम् (genitive plural)
द्यवाम् (genitive plural)
दिवि (locative singular)
द्यवि (locative singular)
द्यवोः (dual locative)
दिवोः (dual locative)
द्युषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun-m

द्यावा, द्यावौ, दिवौ

द्यावा, द्यावौ, दिवौ

द्यावा, द्यावौ, दिवौ

द्यवोः, दिवोः

द्यवोः, दिवोः

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dyā́wṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dyā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (“sky, heaven”). Cognate with Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús), Latin diēs, Hittite 𒅆𒍑 (sius).

inh

इ॒मा गावः॑ सरमे॒ या ऐच्छः॒ परि॑ दि॒वो अन्ता॑न्त्सुभगे॒ पत॑न्ती ।
कस्त॑ एना॒ अव॑ सृजा॒दयु॑ध्व्यु॒तास्माक॒मायु॑धा सन्ति ति॒ग्मा ॥
imā́ gā́vaḥ sarame yā́ áichaḥ pári divó ántān subhage pátantī
kás ta enā áva sṛjād áyudhvy utā́smā́kam ā́yudhā santi tigmā́

Who will loose these for thee without a battle? Yea, and sharp-pointed are our warlike weapons.

These are the kine which, Saramā, thou seekest, flying, O Blest One, to the ends of heaven.


भा

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰaH-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-.


भा

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰáH, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂.

light or a beam of light; lustre, splendour


ពុទ្ធ

बुद्ध बुद्ध#Sanskrit


ពុទ្ធ

बुद्ध बुद्ध#Sanskrit


भुज

bhúja (romanization)
भुजः (nominative singular)
भुजौ (dual nominative)
भुजा1 (dual nominative)
भुजाः (nominative plural)
भुजासः1 (nominative plural)
भुज (singular vocative)
भुजौ (dual vocative)
भुजा1 (dual vocative)
भुजाः (plural vocative)
भुजासः1 (plural vocative)
भुजम् (accusative singular)
भुजौ (accusative dual)
भुजा1 (accusative dual)
भुजान् (accusative plural)
भुजेन (instrumental singular)
भुजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भुजैः (instrumental plural)
भुजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भुजाय (dative singular)
भुजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भुजेभ्यः (dative plural)
भुजात् (ablative singular)
भुजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भुजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भुजस्य (genitive singular)
भुजयोः (dual genitive)
भुजानाम् (genitive plural)
भुजे (locative singular)
भुजयोः (dual locative)
भुजेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: ভুজ (bhuz)

Bengali: ভুজ (bhuj)

Hindi: भुजा (bhujā)

Kannada: ಭುಜ (bhuja)

Khowar: بازو

Marathi: भुज (bhuj)

Odia: ଭୁଜ (bhuja)

Pali: bhuja

Punjabi: ਭੁਜਾ (bhujā)

desc

Tamil: புஜம் (pujam), புசம் (pucam), புயம் (puyam)

Telugu: భుజము (bhujamu)

Urdu: بازو (bāzo)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰúȷ́as, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰúǰas, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (“to bend”). Cognate with Old English būgan (whence English bow). The Sanskrit root is भुज् (bhuj).


वात

vā́ta (romanization)
वातः (nominative singular)
वातौ (dual nominative)
वाता1 (dual nominative)
वाताः (nominative plural)
वातासः1 (nominative plural)
वात (singular vocative)
वातौ (dual vocative)
वाता1 (dual vocative)
वाताः (plural vocative)
वातासः1 (plural vocative)
वातम् (accusative singular)
वातौ (accusative dual)
वाता1 (accusative dual)
वातान् (accusative plural)
वातेन (instrumental singular)
वाताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वातैः (instrumental plural)
वातेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वाताय (dative singular)
वाताभ्याम् (dative dual)
वातेभ्यः (dative plural)
वातात् (ablative singular)
वाताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वातेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वातस्य (genitive singular)
वातयोः (dual genitive)
वातानाम् (genitive plural)
वाते (locative singular)
वातयोः (dual locative)
वातेषु (locative plural)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ވައި (vai)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: বা (ba)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀸𑀬 (vāya)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Sindhi: واءُ (vaha)

Pali: vāta

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwáHatas (“wind”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁-n̥t-os (“wind”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬙𐬀 (vāta), Persian باد (bâd), Ancient Greek ἀείς (aeís), Latin ventus, English wind.

यथा वातः पुष्करिणीं समिङ्गयति सर्वतः।
एवा ते गर्भ एजतु निरैतु दशमास्यः ॥
yathā vātaḥ puṣkariṇīṃ samiṅgayati sarvataḥ.

Move the unborn baby inside you just like the wind on every side ruffles a pool of lotuses,
So that the ten-month baby may be born.

wind or air as one of the humours of the body

morbid affection of the windy humour, flatulence, gout, rheumatism


वात

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wáHtas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáHtas, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₂t- (“excited, raging”). Cognate with Old Irish fáith, Old Norse Óðinn (“Odin”), Gothic 𐍅𐍉𐌳𐍃 (wōds), Old English wōd (“mad, crazy”) (whence English wode).


अण्ड

aṇḍá (romanization)
अण्डः (nominative singular)
अण्डौ (dual nominative)
अण्डाः (nominative plural)
अण्ड (singular vocative)
अण्डौ (dual vocative)
अण्डाः (plural vocative)
अण्डम् (accusative singular)
अण्डौ (accusative dual)
अण्डान् (accusative plural)
अण्डेन (instrumental singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अण्डैः (instrumental plural)
अण्डाय (dative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
अण्डात् (ablative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अण्डस्य (genitive singular)
अण्डयोः (dual genitive)
अण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
अण्डे (locative singular)
अण्डयोः (dual locative)
अण्डेषु (locative plural)
अण्डम् (nominative singular)
अण्डे (dual nominative)
अण्डानि (nominative plural)
अण्ड (singular vocative)
अण्डे (dual vocative)
अण्डानि (plural vocative)
अण्डम् (accusative singular)
अण्डे (accusative dual)
अण्डानि (accusative plural)
अण्डेन (instrumental singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अण्डैः (instrumental plural)
अण्डाय (dative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
अण्डात् (ablative singular)
अण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अण्डस्य (genitive singular)
अण्डयोः (dual genitive)
अण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
अण्डे (locative singular)
अण्डयोः (dual locative)
अण्डेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अण्ड

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">अण्ड</i>

Ashokan Prakrit:

Bengali: আঁড় (ãṛ), আণ্ডা (anḍa)

Konkani: अंड (aṇḍa), अंडें (aṇḍẽ)

Punjabi: ਆਂਡਾੱ (āṇḍā)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀟 (aṃḍa)

desc

Hindi: अंडा (aṇḍā), आँड़ (ā̃ṛ)

Hindi: अंडा (aṇḍā), आँड़ (ā̃ṛ)

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: ઈંડું (ī̃ḍũ)

Romani: anro

Dardic:

Kalasha: ónḍrak (“egg”)

Kunar:

Gawar-Bati: aṇḍa

Shumashti: aṛa

Pashayi:

Northeast Pashayi: āndō (Kurangali)

Northwest Pashayi: āṇḍā (Laurowani)

Southeast Pashayi: ãṛa (Wegali)

Pali: aṇḍa

→ Bengali: অণ্ড (onḍo)

→ Kannada: ಅಂಡ (aṇḍa)

→ Malayalam: അണ്ഡം (aṇḍaṁ)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: aṇḍa (“egg; world egg”)
→ Balinese: ᬅᬡ᭄ᬥ (anda, “egg”)

→ Tamil: அண்டம் (aṇṭam)

→ Telugu: అండము (aṇḍamu)

From an earlier Vedic Sanskrit आण्ड (āṇḍá).


लाला

/ˈl̪ɑː.l̪ɑː/

Borrowed from South Dravidian, compare Kannada ಲಾಳ (lāḷa).


पञ्चन्

head

पञ्चन् • (páñcan)

páñcan (romanization)
पञ्च (nominative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀘 (paṃca) (see there for further descendants)

Dardic:

Kalasha: ponǰ

Kashmiri: پانٛژھ (pānċh)

Khowar: پونج (ponǰ)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ފަހެހް (faheh)

Sinhalese: පහ (paha)

desctree

Pali: pañca
→ Burmese: ပဉ္စ (panyca.)
→ Khmer: បញ្ច (bɑɑbɑñcɑɑ)
→ Lao: ປັນຈະ (pan cha)
→ Shan: ပဵၼ်ႇၸႃႉ (pàen tsâ̰a)
→ Thai: ปัญจ, เบญจ

→ Malay:

Latin script: panca

Arabic script: ڤنچا

/pɐ́ɲ.t͡ɕɐn/

/ˈpɐɲ.t͡ɕɐn̪/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pánća, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe. Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬧𐬗𐬀 (paṇca), Old Church Slavonic пѧть, Lithuanian penki, Albanian pesë, Ancient Greek πέντε (pénte), Latin quinque, Old English fīf (whence English five).


पीवस्

pī́vas (romanization)
पीवः (nominative singular)
पीवसी (dual nominative)
पीवांसि (nominative plural)
पीवः (singular vocative)
पीवसी (dual vocative)
पीवांसि (plural vocative)
पीवः (accusative singular)
पीवसी (accusative dual)
पीवांसि (accusative plural)
पीवसा (instrumental singular)
पीवोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पीवोभिः (instrumental plural)
पीवसे (dative singular)
पीवोभ्याम् (dative dual)
पीवोभ्यः (dative plural)
पीवसः (ablative singular)
पीवोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पीवोभ्यः (ablative plural)
पीवसः (genitive singular)
पीवसोः (dual genitive)
पीवसाम् (genitive plural)
पीवसि (locative singular)
पीवसोः (dual locative)
पीवःसु (locative plural)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peyH-.


त्वच्

tvác (romanization)
त्वक् (nominative singular)
त्वचौ (dual nominative)
त्वचा1 (dual nominative)
त्वचः (nominative plural)
त्वक् (singular vocative)
त्वचौ (dual vocative)
त्वचा1 (dual vocative)
त्वचः (plural vocative)
त्वचम् (accusative singular)
त्वचौ (accusative dual)
त्वचा1 (accusative dual)
त्वचः (accusative plural)
त्वचा (instrumental singular)
त्वग्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
त्वग्भिः (instrumental plural)
त्वचे (dative singular)
त्वग्भ्याम् (dative dual)
त्वग्भ्यः (dative plural)
त्वचः (ablative singular)
त्वग्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
त्वग्भ्यः (ablative plural)
त्वचः (genitive singular)
त्वचोः (dual genitive)
त्वचाम् (genitive plural)
त्वचि (locative singular)
त्वचोः (dual locative)
त्वक्षु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *twek- (“shield, skin; to cover”). Cognate with Ancient Greek σάκος (sákos, “shield”), Hittite [script needed] (tuekkaš, “body”).

cog

skin (of men, serpents etc.), hide (of goats, cows etc.)

a cow's hide (used in pressing out the soma juice)


त्वच्

head

त्वच् • (tvac)


शिशु

śíśu (romanization)
शिशुः (nominative singular)
शिशू (dual nominative)
शिशवः (nominative plural)
शिशो (singular vocative)
शिशू (dual vocative)
शिशवः (plural vocative)
शिशुम् (accusative singular)
शिशू (accusative dual)
शिशून् (accusative plural)
शिशुना (instrumental singular)
शिश्वा1 (instrumental singular)
शिशुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिशुभिः (instrumental plural)
शिशवे (dative singular)
शिश्वे1 (dative singular)
शिशुभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिशुभ्यः (dative plural)
शिशोः (ablative singular)
शिश्वः1 (ablative singular)
शिशुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिशुभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिशोः (genitive singular)
शिश्वः1 (genitive singular)
शिश्वोः (dual genitive)
शिशूनाम् (genitive plural)
शिशौ (locative singular)
शिश्वोः (dual locative)
शिशुषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śíśHuṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćíćHuš, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱiḱh₁-ú-s, a derivative of *ḱewh₁- (“to swell, to be strong”). Compare also शाव (śāva), with the same meaning and origin; perhaps the sense of "strength" later changed to mean "growth", and even later to mean the "young" (since they continue to grow to maturity).

a child, infant, the young of any animal (as a calf, puppy, etc.); also applied to young plants, and to the recently risen sun


शिशु

शिशु • (śíśu)

→ Hindi: शिशु (śiśu)

→ Bengali: শিশু (śiśu)

→ Kannada: ಶಿಶು (śiśu)

→ Telugu: శిశువు (śiśuvu)


मेदस्

médas (romanization)
मेदः (nominative singular)
मेदसी (dual nominative)
मेदांसि (nominative plural)
मेदः (singular vocative)
मेदसी (dual vocative)
मेदांसि (plural vocative)
मेदः (accusative singular)
मेदसी (accusative dual)
मेदांसि (accusative plural)
मेदसा (instrumental singular)
मेदोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेदोभिः (instrumental plural)
मेदसे (dative singular)
मेदोभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेदोभ्यः (dative plural)
मेदसः (ablative singular)
मेदोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेदोभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेदसः (genitive singular)
मेदसोः (dual genitive)
मेदसाम् (genitive plural)
मेदसि (locative singular)
मेदसोः (dual locative)
मेदःसु (locative plural)

Pali: meda

Prakrit: 𑀫𑁂𑀅 (mea)

From मिद् (mid, “to grow fat”, root) + -अस् (-as).

suf

ववृषू रुधिरौघासृक्पूयविण्मूत्रमेदसः। निपेतुर्गगनादस्य कबन्धान्यग्रतोऽनघ॥
vavṛṣū rudhiraughāsṛkpūyaviṇmūtramedasaḥ. nipeturgaganādasya kabandhānyagratoʼnagha.

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.10.24

My dear faultless Vidura, in that rainfall there was blood, mucus, pus, stool, urine and marrow falling heavily before Dhruva Mahārāja, and there were trunks of bodies falling from the sky.

अमूषां क्षुत्परीतानामार्तानां परिदेवितम्। शमयिष्यामि मद्बाणैर्भिन्नायास्तव मेदसा॥

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 4.17.25

Now, with the help of my arrows, I shall cut you to pieces and with your flesh satisfy the hunger-stricken citizens, who are now crying for want of grains.

amūṣāṃ kṣutparītānāmārtānāṃ paridevitam. śamayiṣyāmi madbāṇairbhinnāyāstava medasā.


वल्क

valká (romanization)
वल्कः (nominative singular)
वल्कौ (dual nominative)
वल्का1 (dual nominative)
वल्काः (nominative plural)
वल्कासः1 (nominative plural)
वल्क (singular vocative)
वल्कौ (dual vocative)
वल्का1 (dual vocative)
वल्काः (plural vocative)
वल्कासः1 (plural vocative)
वल्कम् (accusative singular)
वल्कौ (accusative dual)
वल्का1 (accusative dual)
वल्कान् (accusative plural)
वल्केन (instrumental singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वल्कैः (instrumental plural)
वल्केभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वल्काय (dative singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
वल्केभ्यः (dative plural)
वल्कात् (ablative singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वल्केभ्यः (ablative plural)
वल्कस्य (genitive singular)
वल्कयोः (dual genitive)
वल्कानाम् (genitive plural)
वल्के (locative singular)
वल्कयोः (dual locative)
वल्केषु (locative plural)
वल्कम् (nominative singular)
वल्के (dual nominative)
वल्कानि (nominative plural)
वल्का1 (nominative plural)
वल्क (singular vocative)
वल्के (dual vocative)
वल्कानि (plural vocative)
वल्का1 (plural vocative)
वल्कम् (accusative singular)
वल्के (accusative dual)
वल्कानि (accusative plural)
वल्का1 (accusative plural)
वल्केन (instrumental singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वल्कैः (instrumental plural)
वल्केभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वल्काय (dative singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
वल्केभ्यः (dative plural)
वल्कात् (ablative singular)
वल्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वल्केभ्यः (ablative plural)
वल्कस्य (genitive singular)
वल्कयोः (dual genitive)
वल्कानाम् (genitive plural)
वल्के (locative singular)
वल्कयोः (dual locative)
वल्केषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *walkás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *walkás. Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬐𐬀 (var^əka).


मह

mahá (romanization)
महः (nominative singular)
महौ (dual nominative)
महा1 (dual nominative)
महाः (nominative plural)
महासः1 (nominative plural)
मह (singular vocative)
महौ (dual vocative)
महा1 (dual vocative)
महाः (plural vocative)
महासः1 (plural vocative)
महम् (accusative singular)
महौ (accusative dual)
महा1 (accusative dual)
महान् (accusative plural)
महेन (instrumental singular)
महाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
महैः (instrumental plural)
महेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
महाय (dative singular)
महाभ्याम् (dative dual)
महेभ्यः (dative plural)
महात् (ablative singular)
महाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
महेभ्यः (ablative plural)
महस्य (genitive singular)
महयोः (dual genitive)
महानाम् (genitive plural)
महे (locative singular)
महयोः (dual locative)
महेषु (locative plural)
महा (nominative singular)
महे (dual nominative)
महाः (nominative plural)
महे (singular vocative)
महे (dual vocative)
महाः (plural vocative)
महाम् (accusative singular)
महे (accusative dual)
महाः (accusative plural)
महया (instrumental singular)
महा1 (instrumental singular)
महाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
महाभिः (instrumental plural)
महायै (dative singular)
महाभ्याम् (dative dual)
महाभ्यः (dative plural)
महायाः (ablative singular)
महायै2 (ablative singular)
महाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
महाभ्यः (ablative plural)
महायाः (genitive singular)
महायै2 (genitive singular)
महयोः (dual genitive)
महानाम् (genitive plural)
महायाम् (locative singular)
महयोः (dual locative)
महासु (locative plural)
महम् (nominative singular)
महे (dual nominative)
महानि (nominative plural)
महा1 (nominative plural)
मह (singular vocative)
महे (dual vocative)
महानि (plural vocative)
महा1 (plural vocative)
महम् (accusative singular)
महे (accusative dual)
महानि (accusative plural)
महा1 (accusative plural)
महेन (instrumental singular)
महाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
महैः (instrumental plural)
महेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
महाय (dative singular)
महाभ्याम् (dative dual)
महेभ्यः (dative plural)
महात् (ablative singular)
महाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
महेभ्यः (ablative plural)
महस्य (genitive singular)
महयोः (dual genitive)
महानाम् (genitive plural)
महे (locative singular)
महयोः (dual locative)
महेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *maźʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *maȷ́ʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s. Compare Latin magnus, Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas), Albanian madh (“large”), Tocharian B māka, Persian مه.

great, large, big, mighty, strong, abundant


मह

mahá (romanization)
महः (nominative singular)
महौ (dual nominative)
महा1 (dual nominative)
महाः (nominative plural)
महासः1 (nominative plural)
मह (singular vocative)
महौ (dual vocative)
महा1 (dual vocative)
महाः (plural vocative)
महासः1 (plural vocative)
महम् (accusative singular)
महौ (accusative dual)
महा1 (accusative dual)
महान् (accusative plural)
महेन (instrumental singular)
महाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
महैः (instrumental plural)
महेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
महाय (dative singular)
महाभ्याम् (dative dual)
महेभ्यः (dative plural)
महात् (ablative singular)
महाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
महेभ्यः (ablative plural)
महस्य (genitive singular)
महयोः (dual genitive)
महानाम् (genitive plural)
महे (locative singular)
महयोः (dual locative)
महेषु (locative plural)


श्वन्

śván (romanization)
शुनी (feminine)
श्वा (nominative singular)
श्वानौ (dual nominative)
श्वाना1 (dual nominative)
श्वानः (nominative plural)
श्वन् (singular vocative)
श्वानौ (dual vocative)
श्वाना1 (dual vocative)
श्वानः (plural vocative)
श्वानम् (accusative singular)
श्वानौ (accusative dual)
श्वाना1 (accusative dual)
शुनः (accusative plural)
शुना (instrumental singular)
श्वभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वभिः (instrumental plural)
शुने (dative singular)
श्वभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वभ्यः (dative plural)
शुनः (ablative singular)
श्वभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वभ्यः (ablative plural)
शुनः (genitive singular)
शुनोः (dual genitive)
शुनाम् (genitive plural)
शुनि (locative singular)
शुनोः (dual locative)
श्वसु (locative plural)
शुनी (nominative singular)
शुन्यौ (dual nominative)
शुनी1 (dual nominative)
शुन्यः (nominative plural)
शुनीः1 (nominative plural)
शुनि (singular vocative)
शुन्यौ (dual vocative)
शुनी1 (dual vocative)
शुन्यः (plural vocative)
शुनीः1 (plural vocative)
शुनीम् (accusative singular)
शुन्यौ (accusative dual)
शुनी1 (accusative dual)
शुनीः (accusative plural)
शुन्या (instrumental singular)
शुनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शुनीभिः (instrumental plural)
शुन्यै (dative singular)
शुनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
शुनीभ्यः (dative plural)
शुन्याः (ablative singular)
शुन्यै2 (ablative singular)
शुनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शुनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
शुन्याः (genitive singular)
शुन्यै2 (genitive singular)
शुन्योः (dual genitive)
शुनीनाम् (genitive plural)
शुन्याम् (locative singular)
शुन्योः (dual locative)
शुनीषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: šọ̃́a

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: ہوٗن (hūn)

Devanagari script: हून (hūn)

Shina: śun

Pali: sā, soṇa

→ Thai: โสณ (sǒo-ná-) (learned)

Prakrit:

Konkani: सूणें (sūṇẽ)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κύων (kúōn, “dog”), Latin canis (“dog”), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬥 (span, “dog”), Lithuanian šuo, Old Armenian շուն (šun), Old English hund (whence English hound).

ना॒वेव॑ नः पारयतं यु॒गेव॒ नभ्ये॑व न उप॒धीव॑ प्र॒धीव॑।
श्वाने॑व नो॒ अरि॑षण्या त॒नूनां॒ खृग॑लेव वि॒स्रसः॑ पातम॒स्मान्॥
nāvéva naḥ pārayataṃ yugéva nábhyeva na upadhī́va pradhī́va.

Bear us across the sea of life, like two vessels, or like the poles of a car, the axles, the spokes, the fellies of two wheels. Be like two dogs, warding off injury to our people, and, like two coats of mail, defend us from decay.

śvā́neva no áriṣaṇyā tanū́nāṃ khṛ́galeva visrásaḥ pātamasmā́n.

प्रतिघातेन सान्त्वस्य दारुणं संप्रवर्तते।
तच्छुनाम्इव गोपादे पण्डितैरुपलक्षितम्॥
pratighātena sāntvasya dāruṇaṃ saṃpravartate.
tacchunāmiva gopāde paṇḍitairupalakṣitam.
With the failure of appeasement, hostility ensues;
This is observed by the wise in a gopāda (brawl?) of dog-like men.

अयं श्वा भूतभव्येश भक्तो मां नित्यमेव ह।
स गच्छेत मया सार्धमानृशंस्या हि मे मतिः॥
ayaṃ śvā bhūtabhavyeśa bhakto māṃ nityameva ha.

O master of past and present, this dog has been constantly loyal to me like no other.
Let him go with me side by side, for the sake of my care (for his wellbeing).

sa gaccheta mayā sārdhamānṛśaṃsyā hi me matiḥ.


पर्ण

parṇá (romanization)
पर्णम् (nominative singular)
पर्णे (dual nominative)
पर्णानि (nominative plural)
पर्णा1 (nominative plural)
पर्ण (singular vocative)
पर्णे (dual vocative)
पर्णानि (plural vocative)
पर्णा1 (plural vocative)
पर्णम् (accusative singular)
पर्णे (accusative dual)
पर्णानि (accusative plural)
पर्णा1 (accusative plural)
पर्णेन (instrumental singular)
पर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पर्णैः (instrumental plural)
पर्णेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पर्णाय (dative singular)
पर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पर्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
पर्णात् (ablative singular)
पर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पर्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पर्णस्य (genitive singular)
पर्णयोः (dual genitive)
पर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
पर्णे (locative singular)
पर्णयोः (dual locative)
पर्णेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (paṇa)

Kalasha: pọ̃

Kashmiri: پَن (pan)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ފަން (fan̊)

Sinhalese: පන (pana)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡 (paṇṇa)

Assamese: পাণ (pan, “betel leaf”)

Bengali: পান (pan, “betel leaf”)

Bihari: पान (pān, “betel leaf”)

Bhojpuri: 𑂣𑂰𑂢 (pān, “betel leaf”)

Maithili: पान (pān, “betel leaf”)

Magahi: 𑂣𑂰𑂢 (pān, “betel leaf”)

Odia: ପାନ (pāna, “betel leaf”)

Sylheti: ꠙꠣꠘ (fan, “betel leaf”)

desctree

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡 (paṇṇa)
Gurjara Apabhramsa: पण्ण (paṇṇa)
Old Gujarati: पान (pāna)
Gujarati: પાન (pān)
⇒ Gujarati: પાંદડું (pā̃dḍũ)
Marwari: पान (pān)
Konkani: पान (pān)
Old Marathi: 𑘢𑘰𑘡 (pāna)
Marathi: पान (pān)
Hindustani: pān
Hindi: पान
Urdu: پان (pān)

Pali: paṇṇa

→ Khmer: ប័ណ្ណ (ban) (learned)

→ Lao: ບັນນະ (ban na) (learned)

→ Thai: บรรณ (ban) (learned)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡 (paṇṇa)

Doteli: पन्ना (pannā)

Garhwali: पान (pān, “betel leaf”)

Hindustani:

Hindi: पान (pān, “betel leaf”), पन्ना (pannā, “page”)

Urdu: پن (pān, “betel leaf”), پنا (pannā, “page”)

Kumaoni: पान (pān, “betel leaf”)

desc

Nepali: पानु (pānu), पान (pān, “betel leaf”)

Punjabi: ਪੰਨਾ (pannā)

Sindhi: पनु (panu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *parnám (“leaf, feather, wing”), from Proto-Indo-European *pornóm (“feather, wing”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna), Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), English fern.

inh

pinion, feather (also of an arrow), wing

leaf (regarded as the plumage of a tree)


कुमार

kumārá (romanization)
कुमारः (nominative singular)
कुमारौ (dual nominative)
कुमारा1 (dual nominative)
कुमाराः (nominative plural)
कुमारासः1 (nominative plural)
कुमार (singular vocative)
कुमारौ (dual vocative)
कुमारा1 (dual vocative)
कुमाराः (plural vocative)
कुमारासः1 (plural vocative)
कुमारम् (accusative singular)
कुमारौ (accusative dual)
कुमारा1 (accusative dual)
कुमारान् (accusative plural)
कुमारेण (instrumental singular)
कुमाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुमारैः (instrumental plural)
कुमारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुमाराय (dative singular)
कुमाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुमारेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुमारात् (ablative singular)
कुमाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुमारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुमारस्य (genitive singular)
कुमारयोः (dual genitive)
कुमाराणाम् (genitive plural)
कुमारे (locative singular)
कुमारयोः (dual locative)
कुमारेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: কোঁৱৰ (kü̃or)

→ Khmer: កុមារ (ko’maa)

→ Malayalam: കുമാരൻ (kumāraṉ)

→ Punjabi: ਕੁਮਾਰ (kumār) (learned)

→ Tamil: குமாரன் (kumāraṉ)

→ Telugu: కుమారుడు (kumāruḍu)

→ Thai: กุมาร (gù-maan)

Of uncertain origin.
Perhaps from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ku-ma- (“tender, young”) (with *ku denoting "small and weak") and cognate with Persian کودک (kudak, “child”), deriving further from a hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *ku-mo- (“small, weak”) and possibly connected to Ancient Greek σκύμνος (skúmnos, “cub, whelp”), Lithuanian kumẽlė (“mare”), and Latvian kumeļš (“foal”).
Another theory takes the word as a compound of कु- (ku-, “intensifying prefix”) + a form of म्लै (mlai, “to fade, wither, decay, be languid or exhausted”).
Finally, Kuiper considers the word as borrowed from Dravidian.

cog

prince, heir apparent associated in the kingdom with the reigning monarch


श्रवण

/ɕɾɐ́.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/

/ˈɕɾɐ.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/


श्रवण

→ Telugu: శ్రవణము (śravaṇamu)

From श्रव्- (śrav-), variant of the root श्रु (śru, “to hear”) + -अन (-ana).

/ɕɾɐ́.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/

/ˈɕɾɐ.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/

acquiring knowledge by hearing, learning, study

(philosophy) the determining by means of the six signs the true doctrine of the vedānta


श्रवण

śrávaṇa (romanization)
श्रवणः (nominative singular)
श्रवणौ (dual nominative)
श्रवणा1 (dual nominative)
श्रवणाः (nominative plural)
श्रवणासः1 (nominative plural)
श्रवण (singular vocative)
श्रवणौ (dual vocative)
श्रवणा1 (dual vocative)
श्रवणाः (plural vocative)
श्रवणासः1 (plural vocative)
श्रवणम् (accusative singular)
श्रवणौ (accusative dual)
श्रवणा1 (accusative dual)
श्रवणान् (accusative plural)
श्रवणेन (instrumental singular)
श्रवणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रवणैः (instrumental plural)
श्रवणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्रवणाय (dative singular)
श्रवणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रवणेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रवणात् (ablative singular)
श्रवणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रवणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रवणस्य (genitive singular)
श्रवणयोः (dual genitive)
श्रवणानाम् (genitive plural)
श्रवणे (locative singular)
श्रवणयोः (dual locative)
श्रवणेषु (locative plural)

/ɕɾɐ́.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/

/ˈɕɾɐ.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/

the hypotenuse of a triangle or the diagonal of a tetragon


श्रवण

/ɕɾɐ́.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/

/ˈɕɾɐ.ʋɐ.ɳɐ/


अल्प

sa-adj

अल्प • (álpa) stem (comparative अल्पीयस् or अल्पतर, superlative अल्पिष्ठ)

álpa (romanization)
अल्पीयस् (comparative)
अल्पतर (comparative)
अल्पिष्ठ (superlative)
अल्पः (nominative singular)
अल्पौ (dual nominative)
अल्पा1 (dual nominative)
अल्पाः (nominative plural)
अल्पासः1 (nominative plural)
अल्प (singular vocative)
अल्पौ (dual vocative)
अल्पा1 (dual vocative)
अल्पाः (plural vocative)
अल्पासः1 (plural vocative)
अल्पम् (accusative singular)
अल्पौ (accusative dual)
अल्पा1 (accusative dual)
अल्पान् (accusative plural)
अल्पेन (instrumental singular)
अल्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अल्पैः (instrumental plural)
अल्पेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अल्पाय (dative singular)
अल्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अल्पेभ्यः (dative plural)
अल्पात् (ablative singular)
अल्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अल्पेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अल्पस्य (genitive singular)
अल्पयोः (dual genitive)
अल्पानाम् (genitive plural)
अल्पे (locative singular)
अल्पयोः (dual locative)
अल्पेषु (locative plural)
अल्पा (nominative singular)
अल्पे (dual nominative)
अल्पाः (nominative plural)
अल्पे (singular vocative)
अल्पे (dual vocative)
अल्पाः (plural vocative)
अल्पाम् (accusative singular)
अल्पे (accusative dual)
अल्पाः (accusative plural)
अल्पया (instrumental singular)
अल्पा1 (instrumental singular)
अल्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अल्पाभिः (instrumental plural)
अल्पायै (dative singular)
अल्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अल्पाभ्यः (dative plural)
अल्पायाः (ablative singular)
अल्पायै2 (ablative singular)
अल्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अल्पाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अल्पायाः (genitive singular)
अल्पायै2 (genitive singular)
अल्पयोः (dual genitive)
अल्पानाम् (genitive plural)
अल्पायाम् (locative singular)
अल्पयोः (dual locative)
अल्पासु (locative plural)
अल्पम् (nominative singular)
अल्पे (dual nominative)
अल्पानि (nominative plural)
अल्पा1 (nominative plural)
अल्प (singular vocative)
अल्पे (dual vocative)
अल्पानि (plural vocative)
अल्पा1 (plural vocative)
अल्पम् (accusative singular)
अल्पे (accusative dual)
अल्पानि (accusative plural)
अल्पा1 (accusative plural)
अल्पेन (instrumental singular)
अल्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अल्पैः (instrumental plural)
अल्पेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अल्पाय (dative singular)
अल्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अल्पेभ्यः (dative plural)
अल्पात् (ablative singular)
अल्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अल्पेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अल्पस्य (genitive singular)
अल्पयोः (dual genitive)
अल्पानाम् (genitive plural)
अल्पे (locative singular)
अल्पयोः (dual locative)
अल्पेषु (locative plural)

Early Assamese:

Assamese: আপা (apa), আপী (api)

desc

→ Early Assamese: অলপ (olopo) (semi-learned)

Assamese: অলপ (olop)

→ Bengali: অল্প (olpo)

→ Hindi: अल्प (alp)

→ Indonesian: alpa

→ Malay: alpa

Pali: appa

→ Telugu: అల్పము (alpamu)

Of unclear origin. Attempts to connect the word to Iranian and Greek place names, or with words such as Ancient Greek ἀλᾰπαδνός (alapadnós, “easily exhausted, feeble”), λᾰπᾰρός (laparós, “slack, loose”), Latin lepidus (“pleasant, witty”), or Lithuanian al̃pti (“to become unconscious”) are formally tenuous. Other theories connect the word to अणु (aṇu, “atom, particle”).

cog

(neut. ablative singular) easily, without trouble


पुष्प

púṣpa (romanization)
पुष्पम् (nominative singular)
पुष्पे (dual nominative)
पुष्पाणि (nominative plural)
पुष्पा1 (nominative plural)
पुष्प (singular vocative)
पुष्पे (dual vocative)
पुष्पाणि (plural vocative)
पुष्पा1 (plural vocative)
पुष्पम् (accusative singular)
पुष्पे (accusative dual)
पुष्पाणि (accusative plural)
पुष्पा1 (accusative plural)
पुष्पेण (instrumental singular)
पुष्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुष्पैः (instrumental plural)
पुष्पेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पुष्पाय (dative singular)
पुष्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुष्पेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुष्पात् (ablative singular)
पुष्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुष्पेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुष्पस्य (genitive singular)
पुष्पयोः (dual genitive)
पुष्पाणाम् (genitive plural)
पुष्पे (locative singular)
पुष्पयोः (dual locative)
पुष्पेषु (locative plural)

Pali: puppha

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨 (puppha) (see there for further descendants)

→ Bengali: পুষ্প (puśpo)

→ Gujarati: પુષ્પ (puṣp)

→ Hindi: पुष्प (puṣp)

→ Indonesian: puspa

→ Malayalam: പുഷ്പം (puṣpaṁ)

→ Marathi: पुष्प (puṣpa)

→ Sundanese: ᮕᮥᮞ᮪ᮕ (puspa)

desc

→ Tamil: புட்பம் (puṭpam), புஷ்பம் (puṣpam)

⇒ Telugu: పుష్పము (puṣpamu)

→ Thai: บุษบา (bùt-sà-baa)

(drama) gallantry, politeness, declaration of love


चतुर्

head

चतुर् • (catúr)

catúr (romanization)
चत्वारः (nominative plural)
चत्वारः (plural vocative)
चतुरः (accusative plural)
चतुर्भिः (instrumental plural)
चतुर्भ्यः (dative plural)
चतुर्भ्यः (ablative plural)
चतुर्णाम् (genitive plural)
चतुर्षु (locative plural)
चतस्रः (nominative plural)
चतस्रः (plural vocative)
चतस्रः (accusative plural)
चतसृभिः (instrumental plural)
चतसृभ्यः (dative plural)
चतसृभ्यः (ablative plural)
चतसृणाम् (genitive plural)
चतसृषु (locative plural)
चत्वारि (nominative plural)
चत्वारि (plural vocative)
चत्वारि (accusative plural)
चतुर्भिः (instrumental plural)
चतुर्भ्यः (dative plural)
चतुर्भ्यः (ablative plural)
चतुर्णाम् (genitive plural)
चतुर्षु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀘𑀢𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀭𑁄 (catpāro) (Girnar)

Pali: catur

desc

→ Thai: จัตวา

→ Thai: จัตวา

→ Burmese: စတုတ္ထ (ca.tuthta.)

→ Malay: catur

Indonesian: catur

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀘𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀭𑁄 (cattāro)
Khasa Prakrit:
Nepali: चार (cār)
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
Assamese: চাৰি (sari)
Bengali: চার (car)
Odia: ଚାରି (cāri)
Sylheti: ꠌꠣꠁꠞ (sair)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Marathi: चार (cār)
Helu Prakrit:
Sinhalese: හතර (hatara)
Dhivehi: ހަތަރު (hataru)
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Domari: štares
Gujarati: ચાર (cār)
Hindi: चार (cār)
Punjabi: ਚਾਰ (cār)
Romani: śtar
Sindhi: چارِ
Urdu: چار (cār)

/ˈt͡ɕɐ.t̪uɾ/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres
Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras
Sanskrit चतुर् (catur)
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres. Cognate with Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬚𐬡𐬀𐬭 (caθβar), Old Armenian չորք (čʻorkʻ), Lithuanian keturi, Old Church Slavonic четꙑре (četyre), Latin quattuor, Old English feower (whence English four).