मल

mála (romanization)
m in later language (also)
मलम् (nominative singular)
मले (dual nominative)
मलानि (nominative plural)
मला1 (nominative plural)
मल (singular vocative)
मले (dual vocative)
मलानि (plural vocative)
मला1 (plural vocative)
मलम् (accusative singular)
मले (accusative dual)
मलानि (accusative plural)
मला1 (accusative plural)
मलेन (instrumental singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मलैः (instrumental plural)
मलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मलाय (dative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मलात् (ablative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मलस्य (genitive singular)
मलयोः (dual genitive)
मलानाम् (genitive plural)
मले (locative singular)
मलयोः (dual locative)
मलेषु (locative plural)
मलः (nominative singular)
मलौ (dual nominative)
मला1 (dual nominative)
मलाः (nominative plural)
मलासः1 (nominative plural)
मल (singular vocative)
मलौ (dual vocative)
मला1 (dual vocative)
मलाः (plural vocative)
मलासः1 (plural vocative)
मलम् (accusative singular)
मलौ (accusative dual)
मला1 (accusative dual)
मलान् (accusative plural)
मलेन (instrumental singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मलैः (instrumental plural)
मलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मलाय (dative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मलात् (ablative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मलस्य (genitive singular)
मलयोः (dual genitive)
मलानाम् (genitive plural)
मले (locative singular)
मलयोः (dual locative)
मलेषु (locative plural)

dirt, filth, dust, impurity (physical and moral)

(medicine) any bodily excretion or secretion (especially those of the dhatus, described as phlegm from chyle, bile from the blood, nose mucus and ear wax from the flesh, perspiration from the fat, nails and hair from the bones, rheum of the eye from the brain)

(with शैव (śaiva)), original sin, natural impurity


मल

mála (romanization)
मलः (nominative singular)
मलौ (dual nominative)
मला1 (dual nominative)
मलाः (nominative plural)
मलासः1 (nominative plural)
मल (singular vocative)
मलौ (dual vocative)
मला1 (dual vocative)
मलाः (plural vocative)
मलासः1 (plural vocative)
मलम् (accusative singular)
मलौ (accusative dual)
मला1 (accusative dual)
मलान् (accusative plural)
मलेन (instrumental singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मलैः (instrumental plural)
मलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मलाय (dative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मलात् (ablative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मलस्य (genitive singular)
मलयोः (dual genitive)
मलानाम् (genitive plural)
मले (locative singular)
मलयोः (dual locative)
मलेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *málas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *málas, from Proto-Indo-European *mélh₂-os, from *melh₂- (“black”). Cognate with Ancient Greek μέλας (mélas), Old Prussian melne.


मल

mála (romanization)
मलम् (nominative singular)
मले (dual nominative)
मलानि (nominative plural)
मला1 (nominative plural)
मल (singular vocative)
मले (dual vocative)
मलानि (plural vocative)
मला1 (plural vocative)
मलम् (accusative singular)
मले (accusative dual)
मलानि (accusative plural)
मला1 (accusative plural)
मलेन (instrumental singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मलैः (instrumental plural)
मलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मलाय (dative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मलात् (ablative singular)
मलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मलस्य (genitive singular)
मलयोः (dual genitive)
मलानाम् (genitive plural)
मले (locative singular)
मलयोः (dual locative)
मलेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: মল (mol)

→ Bengali: মল (mol)

→ Marathi: मल (mal), मळ (maḷ)

→ Tamil: மலம் (malam)

> Kashmiri: مَل (mal) (inherited)

tanned leather, a leathern or dirty garment


युवन्

yúvan (romanization)
युवा (nominative singular)
युवानौ (dual nominative)
युवाना1 (dual nominative)
युवानः (nominative plural)
युवन् (singular vocative)
युवानौ (dual vocative)
युवाना1 (dual vocative)
युवानः (plural vocative)
युवानम् (accusative singular)
युवानौ (accusative dual)
युवाना1 (accusative dual)
यूनः (accusative plural)
यूना (instrumental singular)
युवभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
युवभिः (instrumental plural)
यूने (dative singular)
युवभ्याम् (dative dual)
युवभ्यः (dative plural)
यूनः (ablative singular)
युवभ्याम् (ablative dual)
युवभ्यः (ablative plural)
यूनः (genitive singular)
यूनोः (dual genitive)
यूनाम् (genitive plural)
यूनि (locative singular)
युवनि (locative singular)
युवन्1 (locative singular)
यूनोः (dual locative)
युवसु (locative plural)
यूनी (nominative singular)
यून्यौ (dual nominative)
यूनी1 (dual nominative)
यून्यः (nominative plural)
यूनीः1 (nominative plural)
यूनि (singular vocative)
यून्यौ (dual vocative)
यूनी1 (dual vocative)
यून्यः (plural vocative)
यूनीः1 (plural vocative)
यूनीम् (accusative singular)
यून्यौ (accusative dual)
यूनी1 (accusative dual)
यूनीः (accusative plural)
यून्या (instrumental singular)
यूनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यूनीभिः (instrumental plural)
यून्यै (dative singular)
यूनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
यूनीभ्यः (dative plural)
यून्याः (ablative singular)
यून्यै2 (ablative singular)
यूनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यूनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
यून्याः (genitive singular)
यून्यै2 (genitive singular)
यून्योः (dual genitive)
यूनीनाम् (genitive plural)
यून्याम् (locative singular)
यून्योः (dual locative)
यूनीषु (locative plural)
युवतिः (nominative singular)
युवती (dual nominative)
युवतयः (nominative plural)
युवते (singular vocative)
युवती (dual vocative)
युवतयः (plural vocative)
युवतिम् (accusative singular)
युवती (accusative dual)
युवतीः (accusative plural)
युवत्या (instrumental singular)
युवती1 (instrumental singular)
युवतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
युवतिभिः (instrumental plural)
युवतये (dative singular)
युवत्यै2 (dative singular)
युवती1 (dative singular)
युवतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
युवतिभ्यः (dative plural)
युवतेः (ablative singular)
युवत्याः2 (ablative singular)
युवत्यै3 (ablative singular)
युवतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
युवतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
युवतेः (genitive singular)
युवत्याः2 (genitive singular)
युवत्यै3 (genitive singular)
युवत्योः (dual genitive)
युवतीनाम् (genitive plural)
युवतौ (locative singular)
युवत्याम्2 (locative singular)
युवता1 (locative singular)
युवत्योः (dual locative)
युवतिषु (locative plural)
युवती (nominative singular)
युवत्यौ (dual nominative)
युवती1 (dual nominative)
युवत्यः (nominative plural)
युवतीः1 (nominative plural)
युवति (singular vocative)
युवत्यौ (dual vocative)
युवती1 (dual vocative)
युवत्यः (plural vocative)
युवतीः1 (plural vocative)
युवतीम् (accusative singular)
युवत्यौ (accusative dual)
युवती1 (accusative dual)
युवतीः (accusative plural)
युवत्या (instrumental singular)
युवतीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
युवतीभिः (instrumental plural)
युवत्यै (dative singular)
युवतीभ्याम् (dative dual)
युवतीभ्यः (dative plural)
युवत्याः (ablative singular)
युवत्यै2 (ablative singular)
युवतीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
युवतीभ्यः (ablative plural)
युवत्याः (genitive singular)
युवत्यै2 (genitive singular)
युवत्योः (dual genitive)
युवतीनाम् (genitive plural)
युवत्याम् (locative singular)
युवत्योः (dual locative)
युवतीषु (locative plural)
युव (nominative singular)
यूनी (dual nominative)
युवनी (dual nominative)
युवानि (nominative plural)
युव1 (nominative plural)
युवा1 (nominative plural)
युवन् (singular vocative)
युव (singular vocative)
यूनी (dual vocative)
युवनी (dual vocative)
युवानि (plural vocative)
युव1 (plural vocative)
युवा1 (plural vocative)
युव (accusative singular)
यूनी (accusative dual)
युवनी (accusative dual)
युवानि (accusative plural)
युव1 (accusative plural)
युवा1 (accusative plural)
यूना (instrumental singular)
युवभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
युवभिः (instrumental plural)
यूने (dative singular)
युवभ्याम् (dative dual)
युवभ्यः (dative plural)
यूनः (ablative singular)
युवभ्याम् (ablative dual)
युवभ्यः (ablative plural)
यूनः (genitive singular)
यूनोः (dual genitive)
यूनाम् (genitive plural)
यूनि (locative singular)
युवनि (locative singular)
युवन्1 (locative singular)
यूनोः (dual locative)
युवसु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *HyúHan, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yéwHō (“young”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬥 (yauuan), Persian جوان (javân), Latin iuvenis, Lithuanian jaunas, Old English ġeong (whence English young)).

ब॒भ्रुरेको॒ विषु॑णः सू॒नरो॒ युवा॒ञ्ज्य॑ङ्क्ते हिर॒ण्यय॑म्॥

One (Soma) brown of hue, all-pervading, leader of the nights, ever young, decorates (himself) with golden ornament.

babhrúréko víṣuṇaḥ sūnáro yúvāñjyàṅkte hiraṇyáyam.

young, youthful, adult (applied to men and animals), strong, good, healthy


युवन्

yúvan (romanization)
युवा (nominative singular)
युवानौ (dual nominative)
युवाना1 (dual nominative)
युवानः (nominative plural)
युवन् (singular vocative)
युवानौ (dual vocative)
युवाना1 (dual vocative)
युवानः (plural vocative)
युवानम् (accusative singular)
युवानौ (accusative dual)
युवाना1 (accusative dual)
यूनः (accusative plural)
यूना (instrumental singular)
युवभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
युवभिः (instrumental plural)
यूने (dative singular)
युवभ्याम् (dative dual)
युवभ्यः (dative plural)
यूनः (ablative singular)
युवभ्याम् (ablative dual)
युवभ्यः (ablative plural)
यूनः (genitive singular)
यूनोः (dual genitive)
यूनाम् (genitive plural)
यूनि (locative singular)
युवनि (locative singular)
युवन्1 (locative singular)
यूनोः (dual locative)
युवसु (locative plural)

→ Gujarati: યુવાન (yuvān)

→ Hindi: युवा (yuvā)

→ Tamil: யுவன் (yuvaṉ)

→ Telugu: యువ (yuva)

a youth, young man, young animal (in Veda often applied to gods, especially to Indra, Agni, and the Maruts)

the younger descendant of any one (an elder being still alive)

name of the ninth year in Jupiter's cycle of 60 years


सिन्धु

síndhu (romanization)
सिन्धुः (nominative singular)
सिन्धू (dual nominative)
सिन्धवः (nominative plural)
सिन्धो (singular vocative)
सिन्धू (dual vocative)
सिन्धवः (plural vocative)
सिन्धुम् (accusative singular)
सिन्धू (accusative dual)
सिन्धून् (accusative plural)
सिन्धुना (instrumental singular)
सिन्ध्वा1 (instrumental singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिन्धुभिः (instrumental plural)
सिन्धवे (dative singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिन्धुभ्यः (dative plural)
सिन्धोः (ablative singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिन्धुभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिन्धोः (genitive singular)
सिन्ध्वोः (dual genitive)
सिन्धूनाम् (genitive plural)
सिन्धौ (locative singular)
सिन्ध्वोः (dual locative)
सिन्धुषु (locative plural)
सिन्धुः (nominative singular)
सिन्धू (dual nominative)
सिन्धवः (nominative plural)
सिन्धो (singular vocative)
सिन्धू (dual vocative)
सिन्धवः (plural vocative)
सिन्धुम् (accusative singular)
सिन्धू (accusative dual)
सिन्धूः (accusative plural)
सिन्ध्वा (instrumental singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिन्धुभिः (instrumental plural)
सिन्धवे (dative singular)
सिन्ध्वै1 (dative singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिन्धुभ्यः (dative plural)
सिन्धोः (ablative singular)
सिन्ध्वाः1 (ablative singular)
सिन्ध्वै2 (ablative singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिन्धुभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिन्धोः (genitive singular)
सिन्ध्वाः1 (genitive singular)
सिन्ध्वै2 (genitive singular)
सिन्ध्वोः (dual genitive)
सिन्धूनाम् (genitive plural)
सिन्धौ (locative singular)
सिन्ध्वाम्1 (locative singular)
सिन्ध्वोः (dual locative)
सिन्धुषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: সিন্ধু (śindhu) (learned)

→ Burmese: သိန္ဓု (sindhu.) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: सिंधु (sindhu)

Urdu: سِنْدھ (sindh)

→ Telugu: సింధు (sindhu) (learned)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *síndʰuṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *síndʰuš, possibly borrowed from the BMAC substrate. Alternatively, from सेधति (sédhati, “to go, move”), but that does not explain the voiced nasal.

inh+

अश्व्यो॒ वारो॑ अभव॒स्तदि॑न्द्र सृ॒के यत्त्वा॑ प्र॒त्यह॑न्दे॒व एक॑:।
अज॑यो॒ गा अज॑यः शूर॒ सोम॒मवा॑सृज॒: सर्त॑वे स॒प्त सिन्धू॑न्॥
áśvyo vā́ro abhavastádindra sṛké yáttvā pratyáhandevá éka:.
ájayo gā́ ájayaḥ śūra sómamávāsṛja: sártave saptá síndhūn.

You have rescued the kine; you have won, Hero, the Soma juice; you have let loose the Seven Rivers to flow.

When the single resplendent Vṛtra returned the blow which had been inflicted, Indra by your thunderbolt, you became furious like a horse's tail.

a river, stream (especially the Indus, and in this sense said to be the only river regarded as masculine gender; compare सिन्धुनदी (sindhunadī) (RV. etc.)

तृ॒ष्टाम॑या प्रथ॒मं यात॑वे स॒जूः सु॒सर्त्वा॑ र॒सया॑ श्वे॒त्या त्या।
त्वं सि॑न्धो॒ कुभ॑या गोम॒तीं क्रुमुं॑ मेह॒त्न्वा स॒रथं॒ याभि॒रीय॑से॥
tṛṣṭā́mayā prathamáṃ yā́tave sajū́ḥ susártvā rasáyā śvetyā́ tyā́.
tváṃ sindho kúbhayā gomatī́ṃ krúmuṃ mehatnvā́ saráthaṃ yā́bhirī́yase.
You, Sindhu, in order to reach the swift-moving Gomatī, have united, yourself first with the Tṛṣṭāmā; (now be united) with the Susartu, the Rasā, the Śveti, the Kubha, and the Mehatnu, inconjunction with which streams you do advance.

(Vedic religion), the river Indus personified as a goddess.

flood, waters (also in the sky) (RV., AV.)

समुद्र समुद्र#Sanskrit

a symbolical term for the number 4; compare समुद्र (samudra) (Gaṇit.)

name of Varuṇa (as god of the ocean) (MW.)

water ejected from an elephant's trunk (= वमथु (vamathu)) (L.)

the exudation from an elephant's temples (L.)

the country around the Indus (commonly called Sindh; in plural: "the inhabitants of Sindh") (MBh., Kāv.)

white or refined borax (= श्वेतटण्कण (śvetaṭaṅkaṇa)) (L.)

(music) a particular राग (rāga) (Saṃgītas.)


पृष्ठ

sa-noun

पृष्ठ • (pṛṣṭhá) stem, n

pṛṣṭhá (romanization)
पृष्ठम् (nominative singular)
पृष्ठे (dual nominative)
पृष्ठानि (nominative plural)
पृष्ठा1 (nominative plural)
पृष्ठ (singular vocative)
पृष्ठे (dual vocative)
पृष्ठानि (plural vocative)
पृष्ठा1 (plural vocative)
पृष्ठम् (accusative singular)
पृष्ठे (accusative dual)
पृष्ठानि (accusative plural)
पृष्ठा1 (accusative plural)
पृष्ठेन (instrumental singular)
पृष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पृष्ठैः (instrumental plural)
पृष्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पृष्ठाय (dative singular)
पृष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पृष्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
पृष्ठात् (ablative singular)
पृष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पृष्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पृष्ठस्य (genitive singular)
पृष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
पृष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
पृष्ठे (locative singular)
पृष्ठयोः (dual locative)
पृष्ठेषु (locative plural)

desc

Pali: piṭṭhē (“on”), piṭṭhēna (“beside, along”)

Dardic:

Dameli: [script needed] (piṣṭ, “hillside”)

Kalasha: [script needed] (pīṣṭo, “after”)

Kashmiri: پیٹھ (pyuṭhü)

Shina: پٹ (pĭṭŭ, “back”)

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞 (piṭṭha), 𑀧𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞 (puṭṭha), 𑀧𑀝𑁆𑀞 (paṭṭha)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: পিঠি (pithi)

Bengali: পিঠ (piṭh)

Odia: ପଥା (pathā, “small grassy eminence in a river”), ପାଥଲେ (pāthale, “behind”)

Rohingya: fith

Sylheti: ꠙꠤꠑ (fiṭó)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindi: पीठ (pīṭh), पुट्ठा (puṭṭhā), पूठ (pūṭh, “buttock”), पूठा (pūṭhā, “cover of a book”)

Gujarati: પાઠું (pāṭhũ, “fatal tumour on backbone, anthrax, carbuncle”), પૂઠું (pūṭhũ, “cover of a book, hips”), પુઠિયાં (puṭhiyā̃, “felloes of a wheel, hips”), પુઠે (puṭhe, “next”)

Northern:

Garhwali: पूठु (pūṭhu, “hip”), पीठ (pīṭh)

Kumaoni: पूठ (“back, hind part of body”)

Nepali: पुट्ठा (puṭṭhā, “buttock”)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: पिट्ठ (piṭṭh)

Southern:

Elu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: පිට (piṭa, “back; outside”), පිටු (piṭu, “pages of a book”)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: पुठा (puṭhā), पुट्ठा (puṭṭhā, “buttock of an animal, leather cover of account book”)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਪਿੱਠ (piṭṭha), ਪੁੱਠਾ (puṭṭhā, “buttock of an animal”)

Lahnda: پٹھا (“hindquarter of an animal”), پٹھ (“back, wrongside of cloth”)

Sindhi: پُٺو (“pasteboard cover of a book”)

Kachchi: પૂઠુ (pūṭhu, “hip”), પૌઠા (pauṭhā, “back”)

→ Hindi: पृष्ठ (pŕṣṭh)

→ Marathi: पृष्ठ (pŕṣṭha)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥štʰám (“back”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬙𐬀 (paršta), Persian پشت (pošt, “back”), Proto-Slavic *pьrstъ.

अत्यो न पृष्ठं प्रुषितस्य रोचते दिवो न सानु स्तनयन्नचिक्रदत् ॥

His back, as he is sprinkled, glistens like a horse: loud hath he roared and shouted like the heights of heaven

atyo na pṛṣṭhaṃ pruṣitasya rocate divo na sānu stanayannacikradat.

the back; the hinder part or rear of anything

with दिवः (diváḥ), or नाकस्य (nā́kasya) — the surface of the sky, vault of heaven; cf. घृतपृष्ठ (ghṛta-pṛṣṭha)

रथंतर रथंतर#Sanskrit

बृहत् बृहत्#Sanskrit

वैरूप वैरूप#Sanskrit

वैराज वैराज#Sanskrit

शाक्वर शाक्वर#Sanskrit

रैवत शाक्वर
रैवत शाक्वर#Sanskrit

name of particular arrangement of Samans (employed at the midday libation and formed from the रथंतर (rathaṃtara), बृहत् (bṛhat), वैरूप (vairūpa), वैराज (vairāja), शाक्वर (śākvara), and रैवत शाक्वर (raivata śākvara))


गङ्गा

gaṅgā (romanization)
गङ्गा (nominative singular)
गङ्गे (dual nominative)
गङ्गाः (nominative plural)
गङ्गे (singular vocative)
गङ्गे (dual vocative)
गङ्गाः (plural vocative)
गङ्गाम् (accusative singular)
गङ्गे (accusative dual)
गङ्गाः (accusative plural)
गङ्गया (instrumental singular)
गङ्गा1 (instrumental singular)
गङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गङ्गाभिः (instrumental plural)
गङ्गायै (dative singular)
गङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गङ्गाभ्यः (dative plural)
गङ्गायाः (ablative singular)
गङ्गायै2 (ablative singular)
गङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गङ्गाभ्यः (ablative plural)
गङ्गायाः (genitive singular)
गङ्गायै2 (genitive singular)
गङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
गङ्गानाम् (genitive plural)
गङ्गायाम् (locative singular)
गङ्गयोः (dual locative)
गङ्गासु (locative plural)

→ Ancient Greek: Γάγγης (Gángēs)

Greek: Γάγγης (Gángis)

→ Latin: Ganges

→ English: Ganges

→ Old English: Gandis

→ Old Irish: Gand

French: Gange

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀕𑀁𑀕𑀸 (gaṃgā)

Old Awadhi: 𑂏𑂰𑂀𑂏 (gām̐ga)

→ Assamese: গংগা (goṅga)

→ Bengali: গঙ্গা (goṅga)

→ Czech: Ganga

→ Dhivehi: ގަންގާ (gan̊gā)

→ Gujarati: ગંગા (gaṅgā)

→ Hindi: गंगा (gaṅgā)

→ Kannada: ಗಂಗಾ (gaṅgā)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Early Assamese: গাঙ্গ (gaṅgo)

Assamese: গাং (gaṅ)

Bengali: গাং (gaṅ)

Chakma: 𑄉𑄧𑄋 (gaṅā)

Sylheti: ꠉꠣꠋ (gaṅ)

→ Malayalam: ഗംഗ (gaṅga)

→ Marathi: गंगा (gaṅgā)

→ Middle Chinese: 恆伽 (MC hong gja)

Chinese: 恆伽／恒伽 (Hénggā)

→ Japanese: 恒河 (こうが, kōga)

→ Korean: 항하 (hangha) (恒河)

→ Vietnamese: Hằng

→ Middle Persian:

Persian: گنگ (gang)

→ Arabic: الْغَانْج (al-ḡānj)

→ Turkish: Ganj

→ Old Javanese:

Javanese: ꦒꦁꦒ (gangga)

→ Old Tamil:

Tamil: கங்கை (kaṅkai)

→ Odia: ଗଙ୍ଗା (gaṅgā)

Pali: gaṅgā

→ Burmese: ဂင်္ဂါ (gangga)

→ Khmer: គង្គា (kŭəngkiə)

→ Lao: ກັງກາ (kang kā)

→ Thai: คงคา (kong-kaa)

→ Punjabi: ਗੰਗਾ (gaṅgā)

→ Sinhalese: ගංගා (gaṁgā)

→ Telugu: గంగ (gaṅga)

Probably from the root गम् (gam, “to go, move”), literally meaning "swift-goer". If a folk etymology, perhaps alternatively of substrate origin.

इ॒मं मे॑ गङ्गे यमुने सरस्वति॒ शुतु॑द्रि॒ स्तोमं॑ सचता॒ परु॒ष्ण्या।
अ॒सि॒क्न्या म॑रुद्वृधे वि॒तस्त॒यार्जी॑कीये शृणु॒ह्या सु॒षोम॑या॥
imáṃ me gaṅge yamune sarasvati śútudri stómaṃ sacatā páruṣṇyā́.
asiknyā́ marudvṛdhe vitástayā́rjīkīye śṛṇuhyā́ suṣómayā.

Accept this my praise, Gaṅgā, Yamunā, Sarasvatī, Śutudri, Paruṣṇi, Asiknī, Marudvṛdha and Vitastā; listen, Ārjikīya with Suṣomā.

(Vedic religion, Hinduism) the Ganges river personified as the goddess, Ganga


सरस्वती

sárasvatī (romanization)
सरस्वती (nominative singular)
सरस्वत्यौ (dual nominative)
सरस्वती1 (dual nominative)
सरस्वत्यः (nominative plural)
सरस्वतीः1 (nominative plural)
सरस्वति (singular vocative)
सरस्वत्यौ (dual vocative)
सरस्वती1 (dual vocative)
सरस्वत्यः (plural vocative)
सरस्वतीः1 (plural vocative)
सरस्वतीम् (accusative singular)
सरस्वत्यौ (accusative dual)
सरस्वती1 (accusative dual)
सरस्वतीः (accusative plural)
सरस्वत्या (instrumental singular)
सरस्वतीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सरस्वतीभिः (instrumental plural)
सरस्वत्यै (dative singular)
सरस्वतीभ्याम् (dative dual)
सरस्वतीभ्यः (dative plural)
सरस्वत्याः (ablative singular)
सरस्वत्यै2 (ablative singular)
सरस्वतीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सरस्वतीभ्यः (ablative plural)
सरस्वत्याः (genitive singular)
सरस्वत्यै2 (genitive singular)
सरस्वत्योः (dual genitive)
सरस्वतीनाम् (genitive plural)
सरस्वत्याम् (locative singular)
सरस्वत्योः (dual locative)
सरस्वतीषु (locative plural)

/s̪ɐˈɾɐs̪.ʋɐ.t̪iː/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *SáraswatiH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *SáraswatiH, from Proto-Indo-European *sélos. Equivalent to सरस् (sáras, “pond”) + -वती (-vatī, “-ful”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬑𐬬𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬍 (haraxvaⁱtī), a region described to be rich in rivers, Old Persian 𐏃𐎼𐎢𐎺𐎫 (h-r-u-v-t /harauvati/), the Helmand river system.

cog

(Hinduism) Saraswati, the goddess of eloquence and learning

प्र क्षोद॑सा॒ धाय॑सा सस्र ए॒षा सर॑स्वती ध॒रुण॒माय॑सी॒ पूः ।
प्र॒बाब॑धाना र॒थ्ये॑व याति॒ विश्वा॑ अ॒पो म॑हि॒ना सिन्धु॑र॒न्याः ॥
prá kṣódasā dhā́yasā sasra eṣā́ sárasvatī dharúṇamā́yasī pū́ḥ.
prabā́badhānā rathyèva yāti víśvā apó mahinā́ síndhuranyā́ḥ.

This Sarasvatī, firm as a city made of metal, flows rapidly with all sustaining water, sweeping away in it might all other waters, as a charioteer clears the road.

(history, geography) the Saraswati river, of which only a small stream remains as the Ghaggar River

name of a region abounding in pools and lakes

name of a well-known small river (held very sacred by the Hindus; identified with the modern Sursooty)

name of various rivers (especially of rivers which in sacredness are equal to Saraswati and which are three according to Atharvaveda vi, 101, and seven according to Mahabharata ix, 2188)

various plants, including
Cardiospermum halicacabum

various plants, including
Aegle marmelos

Aegle marmelos
Aegle marmelos#Translingual

various plants, including
Ruta graveolens

Ruta graveolens
Ruta graveolens#Translingual

दुर्गा दुर्गा#Sanskrit

name of a two-year-old girl representing दुर्गा (durgā) at her festival

शंकराचार्य शंकराचार्य#Sanskrit

name of one of the ten mendicant orders traced back to शंकराचार्य (śaṃkarācārya) (whose members add the word sarasvatī to their names)


सरस्वती

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (sarassaī)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀤𑀻 (sarassadī)

Hindi: सरसई (sarsaī)

Urdu: سَرسائی (sarsā'ī)

→ Assamese: সৰস্বতী (xorossoti)

→ Burmese: သူရဿတီ (sura.ssa.ti)

→ English: Saraswati

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: सरस्वती (sarasvatī)

Urdu: سرسوتی (Sarasvatī, Sarsūtī)

→ Japanese: 弁才天 (Benzaiten)

→ Kannada: ಸರಸ್ವತೀ (sarasvatī)

→ Telugu: సరస్వతి (sarasvati)

/s̪ɐˈɾɐs̪.ʋɐ.t̪iː/

speech or the power of speech, eloquence, learning wisdom


राम

rāma (romanization)
रामः (nominative singular)
रामौ (dual nominative)
रामा1 (dual nominative)
रामाः (nominative plural)
रामासः1 (nominative plural)
राम (singular vocative)
रामौ (dual vocative)
रामा1 (dual vocative)
रामाः (plural vocative)
रामासः1 (plural vocative)
रामम् (accusative singular)
रामौ (accusative dual)
रामा1 (accusative dual)
रामान् (accusative plural)
रामेण (instrumental singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रामैः (instrumental plural)
रामेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रामाय (dative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रामेभ्यः (dative plural)
रामात् (ablative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रामस्य (genitive singular)
रामयोः (dual genitive)
रामाणाम् (genitive plural)
रामे (locative singular)
रामयोः (dual locative)
रामेषु (locative plural)
रामा (nominative singular)
रामे (dual nominative)
रामाः (nominative plural)
रामे (singular vocative)
रामे (dual vocative)
रामाः (plural vocative)
रामाम् (accusative singular)
रामे (accusative dual)
रामाः (accusative plural)
रामया (instrumental singular)
रामा1 (instrumental singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रामाभिः (instrumental plural)
रामायै (dative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रामाभ्यः (dative plural)
रामायाः (ablative singular)
रामायै2 (ablative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रामाभ्यः (ablative plural)
रामायाः (genitive singular)
रामायै2 (genitive singular)
रामयोः (dual genitive)
रामाणाम् (genitive plural)
रामायाम् (locative singular)
रामयोः (dual locative)
रामासु (locative plural)
रामम् (nominative singular)
रामे (dual nominative)
रामाणि (nominative plural)
रामा1 (nominative plural)
राम (singular vocative)
रामे (dual vocative)
रामाणि (plural vocative)
रामा1 (plural vocative)
रामम् (accusative singular)
रामे (accusative dual)
रामाणि (accusative plural)
रामा1 (accusative plural)
रामेण (instrumental singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रामैः (instrumental plural)
रामेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रामाय (dative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रामेभ्यः (dative plural)
रामात् (ablative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रामस्य (genitive singular)
रामयोः (dual genitive)
रामाणाम् (genitive plural)
रामे (locative singular)
रामयोः (dual locative)
रामेषु (locative plural)

Unknown; possibly related to Old English rōmig (“sooty”), presuming Proto-Indo-European *HreH-mó-s. Monier considers it to be a derivation from रम् (ram, “to enjoy; to stay”).

रात्रि रात्रि#Sanskrit

dark, dark-coloured, black (compare रात्रि (rātri))

pleasing, pleasant, charming, lovely, beautiful


राम

rāma (romanization)
रामः (nominative singular)
रामौ (dual nominative)
रामा1 (dual nominative)
रामाः (nominative plural)
रामासः1 (nominative plural)
राम (singular vocative)
रामौ (dual vocative)
रामा1 (dual vocative)
रामाः (plural vocative)
रामासः1 (plural vocative)
रामम् (accusative singular)
रामौ (accusative dual)
रामा1 (accusative dual)
रामान् (accusative plural)
रामेण (instrumental singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रामैः (instrumental plural)
रामेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रामाय (dative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रामेभ्यः (dative plural)
रामात् (ablative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रामस्य (genitive singular)
रामयोः (dual genitive)
रामाणाम् (genitive plural)
रामे (locative singular)
रामयोः (dual locative)
रामेषु (locative plural)


राम

rāma (romanization)
रामम् (nominative singular)
रामे (dual nominative)
रामाणि (nominative plural)
रामा1 (nominative plural)
राम (singular vocative)
रामे (dual vocative)
रामाणि (plural vocative)
रामा1 (plural vocative)
रामम् (accusative singular)
रामे (accusative dual)
रामाणि (accusative plural)
रामा1 (accusative plural)
रामेण (instrumental singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रामैः (instrumental plural)
रामेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रामाय (dative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रामेभ्यः (dative plural)
रामात् (ablative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रामस्य (genitive singular)
रामयोः (dual genitive)
रामाणाम् (genitive plural)
रामे (locative singular)
रामयोः (dual locative)
रामेषु (locative plural)

Chenopodium album
Chenopodium album#Translingual

कुष्ठ कुष्ठ#Sanskrit

= कुष्ठ (kuṣṭha)


राम

rāma (romanization)
रामः (nominative singular)
रामौ (dual nominative)
रामाः (nominative plural)
राम (singular vocative)
रामौ (dual vocative)
रामाः (plural vocative)
रामम् (accusative singular)
रामौ (accusative dual)
रामान् (accusative plural)
रामेण (instrumental singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रामैः (instrumental plural)
रामाय (dative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रामेभ्यः (dative plural)
रामात् (ablative singular)
रामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रामस्य (genitive singular)
रामयोः (dual genitive)
रामाणाम् (genitive plural)
रामे (locative singular)
रामयोः (dual locative)
रामेषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: রাম (ram)

→ Burmese: ရာမ (rama.)

→ Chinese: 羅摩／罗摩 (Luómó)

→ Hindi: राम (rām)

→ Khmer: រាម (riəm)

→ Lao: ຣາມ (rām)

→ Malayalam: രാമൻ (rāmaṉ)

→ Marathi: राम (rām)

→ Nepali: राम (rām)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: rāma
Javanese: ꦫꦩ (rama)
→ Indonesian: rama, romo (semantic loan)
→ Balinese: ᬭᬵᬫ (rama)

→ Odia: ରାମ (rāma)

→ Punjabi: ਰਾਮ (rām)

→ Sinhalese: රාම (rāma)

→ Tamil: இராமர் (irāmar)

→ Telugu: రాముఁడు (rāmun̆ḍu)

→ Thai: ราม (raam)

अद्य गच्छामहे राम सिद्धाश्रममनुत्तमम्।
तदाश्रमपदं तात तवाप्येतद्यथा मम॥
adya gacchāmahe rāma siddhāśramamanuttamam.
tadāśramapadaṃ tāta tavāpyetadyathā mama.

O child this asrama is the same to you as it is to me (treat this as your own).

O Rāma, now let's go to the unparalleled Siddhashrama.

(Hinduism) Rāma, son of Dasharatha and Kausalya, an avatar of Vishnu.

name of various mythical personages in the Vedas.


शिव

śiva (romanization)
शिवः (nominative singular)
शिव (singular vocative)
शिवम् (accusative singular)
शिवेन (instrumental singular)
शिवाय (dative singular)
शिवात् (ablative singular)
शिवस्य (genitive singular)
शिवे (locative singular)

According to the Uṇādi-sūtra i, 153, from verbal root शी (śī, “to lie down”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-. Alternatively from श्वि (śvi, “to swell”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁-; compare शवस् (śavas, “strength, superiority”), सुशिश्वि (suśiśvi, “growing well”); cognate with Greek κύριος (kúrios, “lord”).
An earlier deity, रुद्र (rudra, “Rudra”), was often described with the adjective शिव (śivá, “auspicious”). शिव-रुद्र (śiva-rudra) was eventually shortened to शिव (śiva) in later Sanskrit, the name of the deity worshipped today.

ततो हरो जटी स्थाणुर्देवोऽध्वरपतिः शिवः।
जगाम शरणं देवो ब्रह्माणं परमेष्ठिनम॥
tato haro jaṭī sthāṇurdevoʼdhvarapatiḥ śivaḥ.

jagāma śaraṇaṃ devo brahmāṇaṃ parameṣṭhinama.

अन्ये च ये समुत्पन्ना यथानुक्रमतो लयम् ॥
यांति नैव तथा रुद्रः शिवे रुद्रो विलीयते ॥
anye ca ye samutpannā yathānukramato layam.
yāṃti naiva tathā rudraḥ śive rudro vilīyate.

Other beings and gods who are born get dissolved in due order but not so Rudra. Rudra gets merged in Śiva.

(Hinduism) Shiva (the destroying and reproducing deity, third god of the Hindu trinity)

a second Shiva; especially emancipated; a class of such Brahmans


शिव

śivá (romanization)
शिवः (nominative singular)
शिवौ (dual nominative)
शिवा1 (dual nominative)
शिवाः (nominative plural)
शिवासः1 (nominative plural)
शिव (singular vocative)
शिवौ (dual vocative)
शिवा1 (dual vocative)
शिवाः (plural vocative)
शिवासः1 (plural vocative)
शिवम् (accusative singular)
शिवौ (accusative dual)
शिवा1 (accusative dual)
शिवान् (accusative plural)
शिवेन (instrumental singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिवैः (instrumental plural)
शिवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शिवाय (dative singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिवेभ्यः (dative plural)
शिवात् (ablative singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिवस्य (genitive singular)
शिवयोः (dual genitive)
शिवानाम् (genitive plural)
शिवे (locative singular)
शिवयोः (dual locative)
शिवेषु (locative plural)
शिवा (nominative singular)
शिवे (dual nominative)
शिवाः (nominative plural)
शिवे (singular vocative)
शिवे (dual vocative)
शिवाः (plural vocative)
शिवाम् (accusative singular)
शिवे (accusative dual)
शिवाः (accusative plural)
शिवया (instrumental singular)
शिवा1 (instrumental singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिवाभिः (instrumental plural)
शिवायै (dative singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिवाभ्यः (dative plural)
शिवायाः (ablative singular)
शिवायै2 (ablative singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिवाभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिवायाः (genitive singular)
शिवायै2 (genitive singular)
शिवयोः (dual genitive)
शिवानाम् (genitive plural)
शिवायाम् (locative singular)
शिवयोः (dual locative)
शिवासु (locative plural)
शिवम् (nominative singular)
शिवे (dual nominative)
शिवानि (nominative plural)
शिवा1 (nominative plural)
शिव (singular vocative)
शिवे (dual vocative)
शिवानि (plural vocative)
शिवा1 (plural vocative)
शिवम् (accusative singular)
शिवे (accusative dual)
शिवानि (accusative plural)
शिवा1 (accusative plural)
शिवेन (instrumental singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिवैः (instrumental plural)
शिवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शिवाय (dative singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिवेभ्यः (dative plural)
शिवात् (ablative singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिवस्य (genitive singular)
शिवयोः (dual genitive)
शिवानाम् (genitive plural)
शिवे (locative singular)
शिवयोः (dual locative)
शिवेषु (locative plural)

शिवम्


शिव

śivá (romanization)
शिवः (nominative singular)
शिवौ (dual nominative)
शिवा1 (dual nominative)
शिवाः (nominative plural)
शिवासः1 (nominative plural)
शिव (singular vocative)
शिवौ (dual vocative)
शिवा1 (dual vocative)
शिवाः (plural vocative)
शिवासः1 (plural vocative)
शिवम् (accusative singular)
शिवौ (accusative dual)
शिवा1 (accusative dual)
शिवान् (accusative plural)
शिवेन (instrumental singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिवैः (instrumental plural)
शिवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शिवाय (dative singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिवेभ्यः (dative plural)
शिवात् (ablative singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिवस्य (genitive singular)
शिवयोः (dual genitive)
शिवानाम् (genitive plural)
शिवे (locative singular)
शिवयोः (dual locative)
शिवेषु (locative plural)
शिवम् (nominative singular)
शिवे (dual nominative)
शिवानि (nominative plural)
शिवा1 (nominative plural)
शिव (singular vocative)
शिवे (dual vocative)
शिवानि (plural vocative)
शिवा1 (plural vocative)
शिवम् (accusative singular)
शिवे (accusative dual)
शिवानि (accusative plural)
शिवा1 (accusative plural)
शिवेन (instrumental singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिवैः (instrumental plural)
शिवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शिवाय (dative singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिवेभ्यः (dative plural)
शिवात् (ablative singular)
शिवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिवस्य (genitive singular)
शिवयोः (dual genitive)
शिवानाम् (genitive plural)
शिवे (locative singular)
शिवयोः (dual locative)
शिवेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: শিৱ (xiw)

Bengali: শিব (śibo)

→ Chinese: 濕婆／湿婆 (Shīpó)

Marathi: शिव (śiv)

Gujarati: શિવ (śiv)

Hindi: शिव (śiv)

→ Javanese: Siwah

→ Kannada: ಶಿವ (śiva)

→ Khmer: សិវៈ (sevaʼ), សូលី (soulii)

Odia: ଶିବ (śiba)

Tamil: சிவன் (civaṉ)

Pali: Siva

→ Burmese: သိဝ (si.wa.)

→ Thai: ศิวะ (sì-wá)


गुञ्जति

sa-verb

गुञ्जति • (guñjati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root गुञ्ज्)

guñjati (romanization)
गुञ्ज् (root)
गुञ्जति (present)
गुञ्जति (active indicative singular third-person)
गुञ्जतः (active dual indicative third-person)
गुञ्जन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
गुञ्जसि (active indicative second-person singular)
गुञ्जथः (active dual indicative second-person)
गुञ्जथ (active indicative plural second-person)
गुञ्जामि (active first-person indicative singular)
गुञ्जावः (active dual first-person indicative)
गुञ्जामः (active first-person indicative plural)
गुञ्जामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
गुञ्जतु (active imperative singular third-person)
गुञ्जताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
गुञ्जन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
गुञ्ज (active imperative second-person singular)
गुञ्जतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
गुञ्जत (active imperative plural second-person)
गुञ्जानि (active first-person imperative singular)
गुञ्जाव (active dual first-person imperative)
गुञ्जाम (active first-person imperative plural)
गुञ्जेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
गुञ्जेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
गुञ्जेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
गुञ्जेः (active imperative second-person singular)
गुञ्जेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
गुञ्जेत (active imperative plural second-person)
गुञ्जेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
गुञ्जेव (active dual first-person imperative)
गुञ्जेम (active first-person imperative plural)
गुञ्जात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
गुञ्जाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
गुञ्जातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
गुञ्जान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
गुञ्जाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
गुञ्जासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
गुञ्जाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
गुञ्जाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
गुञ्जानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
गुञ्जाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
गुञ्जाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
गुञ्जत् (active participle)

Probably onomatopoeic; compare Ancient Greek γογγύζω (gongúzō).


देवदासी

devá-dāsī (romanization)
देवदासी (nominative singular)
देवदास्यौ (dual nominative)
देवदास्यः (nominative plural)
देवदासि (singular vocative)
देवदास्यौ (dual vocative)
देवदास्यः (plural vocative)
देवदासीम् (accusative singular)
देवदास्यौ (accusative dual)
देवदासीः (accusative plural)
देवदास्या (instrumental singular)
देवदासीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
देवदासीभिः (instrumental plural)
देवदास्यै (dative singular)
देवदासीभ्याम् (dative dual)
देवदासीभ्यः (dative plural)
देवदास्याः (ablative singular)
देवदासीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
देवदासीभ्यः (ablative plural)
देवदास्याः (genitive singular)
देवदास्योः (dual genitive)
देवदासीनाम् (genitive plural)
देवदास्याम् (locative singular)
देवदास्योः (dual locative)
देवदासीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of देवदासी

देवदासीभ्याम्

देवदासीभ्याम्

देवदासीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

देवदासीभ्याम्

देवदासीभ्याम्

देवदासीभ्याम्

Compound of देव (devá, “deity, god”) and दासी (dāsī, “a female servant or slave”).


उद्गूर्ण

head

उद्गूर्ण • (ud-gūrṇa)

ud-gūrṇa (romanization)
उद्गूर्णः (nominative singular)
उद्गूर्णौ (dual nominative)
उद्गूर्णाः (nominative plural)
उद्गूर्ण (singular vocative)
उद्गूर्णौ (dual vocative)
उद्गूर्णाः (plural vocative)
उद्गूर्णम् (accusative singular)
उद्गूर्णौ (accusative dual)
उद्गूर्णान् (accusative plural)
उद्गूर्णेन (instrumental singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उद्गूर्णैः (instrumental plural)
उद्गूर्णाय (dative singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उद्गूर्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
उद्गूर्णात् (ablative singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उद्गूर्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उद्गूर्णस्य (genitive singular)
उद्गूर्णयोः (dual genitive)
उद्गूर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
उद्गूर्णे (locative singular)
उद्गूर्णयोः (dual locative)
उद्गूर्णेषु (locative plural)
उद्गूर्णा (nominative singular)
उद्गूर्णे (dual nominative)
उद्गूर्णाः (nominative plural)
उद्गूर्णे (singular vocative)
उद्गूर्णे (dual vocative)
उद्गूर्णाः (plural vocative)
उद्गूर्णाम् (accusative singular)
उद्गूर्णे (accusative dual)
उद्गूर्णाः (accusative plural)
उद्गूर्णया (instrumental singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उद्गूर्णाभिः (instrumental plural)
उद्गूर्णायै (dative singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उद्गूर्णाभ्यः (dative plural)
उद्गूर्णायाः (ablative singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उद्गूर्णाभ्यः (ablative plural)
उद्गूर्णायाः (genitive singular)
उद्गूर्णयोः (dual genitive)
उद्गूर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
उद्गूर्णायाम् (locative singular)
उद्गूर्णयोः (dual locative)
उद्गूर्णासु (locative plural)
उद्गूर्णम् (nominative singular)
उद्गूर्णे (dual nominative)
उद्गूर्णानि (nominative plural)
उद्गूर्ण (singular vocative)
उद्गूर्णे (dual vocative)
उद्गूर्णानि (plural vocative)
उद्गूर्णम् (accusative singular)
उद्गूर्णे (accusative dual)
उद्गूर्णानि (accusative plural)
उद्गूर्णेन (instrumental singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उद्गूर्णैः (instrumental plural)
उद्गूर्णाय (dative singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उद्गूर्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
उद्गूर्णात् (ablative singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उद्गूर्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उद्गूर्णस्य (genitive singular)
उद्गूर्णयोः (dual genitive)
उद्गूर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
उद्गूर्णे (locative singular)
उद्गूर्णयोः (dual locative)
उद्गूर्णेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of उद्गूर्ण

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णानाम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of उद्गूर्ण

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभिः

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभ्यः

उद्गूर्णायाः

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभ्यः

उद्गूर्णायाः

उद्गूर्णानाम्

उद्गूर्णायाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

उद्गूर्णायाः

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभिः

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभ्यः

उद्गूर्णायाः

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभ्यः

उद्गूर्णायाः

उद्गूर्णानाम्

उद्गूर्णायाम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">उद्गूर्ण</i>

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णानाम्

/ud̪ˈɡuːɾ.ɳɐ/

[ud̪̚ˈɡuːɾ.ɳɐ]

From उद्गुर् (udgur, “to raise, lift up”).


उद्गूर्ण

ud-gūrṇa (romanization)
उद्गूर्णम् (nominative singular)
उद्गूर्णे (dual nominative)
उद्गूर्णानि (nominative plural)
उद्गूर्ण (singular vocative)
उद्गूर्णे (dual vocative)
उद्गूर्णानि (plural vocative)
उद्गूर्णम् (accusative singular)
उद्गूर्णे (accusative dual)
उद्गूर्णानि (accusative plural)
उद्गूर्णेन (instrumental singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उद्गूर्णैः (instrumental plural)
उद्गूर्णाय (dative singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उद्गूर्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
उद्गूर्णात् (ablative singular)
उद्गूर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उद्गूर्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उद्गूर्णस्य (genitive singular)
उद्गूर्णयोः (dual genitive)
उद्गूर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
उद्गूर्णे (locative singular)
उद्गूर्णयोः (dual locative)
उद्गूर्णेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णाभ्याम्

उद्गूर्णेभ्यः

उद्गूर्णानाम्

/ud̪ˈɡuːɾ.ɳɐ/

[ud̪̚ˈɡuːɾ.ɳɐ]

the act of raising (a weapon), threatening


प्रकटम्

evidently, clearly, visibly, openly, in public


राशिचक्र

rāśí-cakra (romanization)
राशिचक्रम् (nominative singular)
राशिचक्रे (dual nominative)
राशिचक्राणि (nominative plural)
राशिचक्रा1 (nominative plural)
राशिचक्र (singular vocative)
राशिचक्रे (dual vocative)
राशिचक्राणि (plural vocative)
राशिचक्रा1 (plural vocative)
राशिचक्रम् (accusative singular)
राशिचक्रे (accusative dual)
राशिचक्राणि (accusative plural)
राशिचक्रा1 (accusative plural)
राशिचक्रेण (instrumental singular)
राशिचक्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राशिचक्रैः (instrumental plural)
राशिचक्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
राशिचक्राय (dative singular)
राशिचक्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
राशिचक्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
राशिचक्रात् (ablative singular)
राशिचक्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राशिचक्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
राशिचक्रस्य (genitive singular)
राशिचक्रयोः (dual genitive)
राशिचक्राणाम् (genitive plural)
राशिचक्रे (locative singular)
राशिचक्रयोः (dual locative)
राशिचक्रेषु (locative plural)

/ɾɑː.ɕí.t͡ɕɐk.ɾɐ/

/ɾɑː.ɕiˈt͡ɕɐk.ɾɐ/


राज्य

sa-noun

राज्य • (rājyá or rā́jya or rājyà) stem, n

rājyá (romanization)
rā́jya (romanization)
rājyà (romanization)
metrical Vedic rājiya (romanization)
राज्यम् (nominative singular)
राज्ये (dual nominative)
राज्यानि (nominative plural)
राज्या1 (nominative plural)
राज्य (singular vocative)
राज्ये (dual vocative)
राज्यानि (plural vocative)
राज्या1 (plural vocative)
राज्यम् (accusative singular)
राज्ये (accusative dual)
राज्यानि (accusative plural)
राज्या1 (accusative plural)
राज्येन (instrumental singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राज्यैः (instrumental plural)
राज्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
राज्याय (dative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
राज्येभ्यः (dative plural)
राज्यात् (ablative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राज्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
राज्यस्य (genitive singular)
राज्ययोः (dual genitive)
राज्यानाम् (genitive plural)
राज्ये (locative singular)
राज्ययोः (dual locative)
राज्येषु (locative plural)
राज्यम् (nominative singular)
राज्ये (dual nominative)
राज्यानि (nominative plural)
राज्या1 (nominative plural)
राज्य (singular vocative)
राज्ये (dual vocative)
राज्यानि (plural vocative)
राज्या1 (plural vocative)
राज्यम् (accusative singular)
राज्ये (accusative dual)
राज्यानि (accusative plural)
राज्या1 (accusative plural)
राज्येन (instrumental singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राज्यैः (instrumental plural)
राज्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
राज्याय (dative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
राज्येभ्यः (dative plural)
राज्यात् (ablative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राज्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
राज्यस्य (genitive singular)
राज्ययोः (dual genitive)
राज्यानाम् (genitive plural)
राज्ये (locative singular)
राज्ययोः (dual locative)
राज्येषु (locative plural)
राज्यम् (nominative singular)
राज्ये (dual nominative)
राज्यानि (nominative plural)
राज्या1 (nominative plural)
राज्य (singular vocative)
राज्ये (dual vocative)
राज्यानि (plural vocative)
राज्या1 (plural vocative)
राज्यम् (accusative singular)
राज्ये (accusative dual)
राज्यानि (accusative plural)
राज्या1 (accusative plural)
राज्येन (instrumental singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राज्यैः (instrumental plural)
राज्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
राज्याय (dative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
राज्येभ्यः (dative plural)
राज्यात् (ablative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राज्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
राज्यस्य (genitive singular)
राज्ययोः (dual genitive)
राज्यानाम् (genitive plural)
राज्ये (locative singular)
राज्ययोः (dual locative)
राज्येषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨪𐨗 (raja)

Pali: rajja

Prakrit: 𑀭𑀚𑁆𑀚 (rajja)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindi: राज (rāj)

→ English: raj

→ Assamese: ৰাজ্য (raizzo)

→ Bengali: রাজ্য (rajjo)

Bengali: রাজ (raj)

→ Dhivehi: ރާއްޖެ (rājje)

→ Kannada: ರಾಜ್ಯ (rājya)

→ Khmer: រាជ្យ (riəc)

→ Malayalam: രാജ്യം (rājyaṁ)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: rājya
>? Javanese: ꦫꦢꦾ (radya)

→ Tamil: ராஜ்யம் (rājyam)

→ Telugu: రాజ్యము (rājyamu)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃róǵ-yo-s (“that which is to be governed or ruled”), from *h₃reǵ- (“to rule, govern, to straighten”).

inh

/ɾɑː.d͡ʑi.jɐ́/

/ɾɑ́ː.d͡ʑi.jɐ/

/ɾɑː.d͡ʑí.jɐ/

/ˈɾɑːd͡ʑ.jɐ/

ब्रह्मसाम्राज्य

extensive or powerful rule, rule of a great emperor

मनोराज्य

the realm of fancy, an imaginary place, a castle in the air

एतत्ते देवः सविता वासो ददाति भर्तवे ।
तत्त्वं यमस्य राज्ये वसानस्तार्प्यं चर ॥
etatte devaḥ savitā vāso dadāti bhartave.
tattvaṃ yamasya rājye vasānastārpyaṃ cara.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 18.4.31

Savitar the God gives thee this vesture to wear


राज्य

rājyá (romanization)
metrical Vedic rājiya (romanization)
राज्यः (nominative singular)
राज्यौ (dual nominative)
राज्या1 (dual nominative)
राज्याः (nominative plural)
राज्यासः1 (nominative plural)
राज्य (singular vocative)
राज्यौ (dual vocative)
राज्या1 (dual vocative)
राज्याः (plural vocative)
राज्यासः1 (plural vocative)
राज्यम् (accusative singular)
राज्यौ (accusative dual)
राज्या1 (accusative dual)
राज्यान् (accusative plural)
राज्येन (instrumental singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राज्यैः (instrumental plural)
राज्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
राज्याय (dative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
राज्येभ्यः (dative plural)
राज्यात् (ablative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राज्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
राज्यस्य (genitive singular)
राज्ययोः (dual genitive)
राज्यानाम् (genitive plural)
राज्ये (locative singular)
राज्ययोः (dual locative)
राज्येषु (locative plural)
राज्या (nominative singular)
राज्ये (dual nominative)
राज्याः (nominative plural)
राज्ये (singular vocative)
राज्ये (dual vocative)
राज्याः (plural vocative)
राज्याम् (accusative singular)
राज्ये (accusative dual)
राज्याः (accusative plural)
राज्यया (instrumental singular)
राज्या1 (instrumental singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राज्याभिः (instrumental plural)
राज्यायै (dative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
राज्याभ्यः (dative plural)
राज्यायाः (ablative singular)
राज्यायै2 (ablative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राज्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
राज्यायाः (genitive singular)
राज्यायै2 (genitive singular)
राज्ययोः (dual genitive)
राज्यानाम् (genitive plural)
राज्यायाम् (locative singular)
राज्ययोः (dual locative)
राज्यासु (locative plural)
राज्यम् (nominative singular)
राज्ये (dual nominative)
राज्यानि (nominative plural)
राज्या1 (nominative plural)
राज्य (singular vocative)
राज्ये (dual vocative)
राज्यानि (plural vocative)
राज्या1 (plural vocative)
राज्यम् (accusative singular)
राज्ये (accusative dual)
राज्यानि (accusative plural)
राज्या1 (accusative plural)
राज्येन (instrumental singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राज्यैः (instrumental plural)
राज्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
राज्याय (dative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
राज्येभ्यः (dative plural)
राज्यात् (ablative singular)
राज्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राज्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
राज्यस्य (genitive singular)
राज्ययोः (dual genitive)
राज्यानाम् (genitive plural)
राज्ये (locative singular)
राज्ययोः (dual locative)
राज्येषु (locative plural)

/ɾɑː.d͡ʑi.jɐ́/

/ɾɑ́ː.d͡ʑi.jɐ/

/ɾɑː.d͡ʑí.jɐ/

/ˈɾɑːd͡ʑ.jɐ/


मृत्यु

mṛtyú (romanization)
मृत्युः (nominative singular)
मृत्यू (dual nominative)
मृत्यवः (nominative plural)
मृत्यो (singular vocative)
मृत्यू (dual vocative)
मृत्यवः (plural vocative)
मृत्युम् (accusative singular)
मृत्यू (accusative dual)
मृत्यून् (accusative plural)
मृत्युना (instrumental singular)
मृत्य्वा1 (instrumental singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मृत्युभिः (instrumental plural)
मृत्यवे (dative singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (dative dual)
मृत्युभ्यः (dative plural)
मृत्योः (ablative singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मृत्युभ्यः (ablative plural)
मृत्योः (genitive singular)
मृत्य्वोः (dual genitive)
मृत्यूनाम् (genitive plural)
मृत्यौ (locative singular)
मृत्य्वोः (dual locative)
मृत्युषु (locative plural)
मृत्युः (nominative singular)
मृत्यू (dual nominative)
मृत्यवः (nominative plural)
मृत्यो (singular vocative)
मृत्यू (dual vocative)
मृत्यवः (plural vocative)
मृत्युम् (accusative singular)
मृत्यू (accusative dual)
मृत्यूः (accusative plural)
मृत्य्वा (instrumental singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मृत्युभिः (instrumental plural)
मृत्यवे (dative singular)
मृत्य्वै1 (dative singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (dative dual)
मृत्युभ्यः (dative plural)
मृत्योः (ablative singular)
मृत्य्वाः1 (ablative singular)
मृत्य्वै2 (ablative singular)
मृत्युभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मृत्युभ्यः (ablative plural)
मृत्योः (genitive singular)
मृत्य्वाः1 (genitive singular)
मृत्य्वै2 (genitive singular)
मृत्य्वोः (dual genitive)
मृत्यूनाम् (genitive plural)
मृत्यौ (locative singular)
मृत्य्वाम्1 (locative singular)
मृत्य्वोः (dual locative)
मृत्युषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼 (maccu)

Pali: maccu

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindi: मीच (mīc)

→ Assamese: মৃত্যু (mriittu)

→ Bengali: মৃত্যু (mrittu)

→ Gujarati: મૃત્યુ (mŕtyu)

→ Hindi: मृत्यु (mŕtyu)

→ Kannada: ಮೃತ್ಯು (mṛtyu)

→ Khmer: ម្រឹត្យ (mrɨtyɑɑ)

→ Javanese: mreti (kawi class)

→ Thai: มฤตยู (má-rʉ́t-dtà-yuu)

→ Marathi: मृत्यू (mŕtyū)

→ Tamil: மிருத்தியு (miruttiyu)

→ Telugu: మృత్యువు (mr̥tyuvu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tyúš (“death”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬌𐬌𐬎 (mər^əθiiu), Old Persian 𐎶𐎼𐏁𐎡𐎹 (m-r-š-i-y /məršiyu/), Lithuanian mirtis, Latin mors.

त्र्य॑म्बकं यजामहे सु॒गन्धिं॑ पुष्टि॒वर्ध॑नम् ।
उ॒र्वा॒रु॒कम् इ॑व॒ बन्ध॑नान् मृ॒त्योर् मु॑क्षीय॒ मामृता॑त् ॥
tryàmbakaṃ yajāmahe sugándhiṃ puṣṭivárdhanam.
urvārukám iva bándhanān mṛtyór mukṣīya mā́mṛ́tāt.

As from its stem the cucumber, so may I be released from death, not reft of immortality.

Tryambaka we worship, sweet augmenter of prosperity.

c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

death personified, the god of death, identified with Yama


कर्कट

karkaṭa (romanization)
कर्कटः (nominative singular)
कर्कटौ (dual nominative)
कर्कटा1 (dual nominative)
कर्कटाः (nominative plural)
कर्कटासः1 (nominative plural)
कर्कट (singular vocative)
कर्कटौ (dual vocative)
कर्कटा1 (dual vocative)
कर्कटाः (plural vocative)
कर्कटासः1 (plural vocative)
कर्कटम् (accusative singular)
कर्कटौ (accusative dual)
कर्कटा1 (accusative dual)
कर्कटान् (accusative plural)
कर्कटेन (instrumental singular)
कर्कटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्कटैः (instrumental plural)
कर्कटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कर्कटाय (dative singular)
कर्कटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्कटेभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्कटात् (ablative singular)
कर्कटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्कटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्कटस्य (genitive singular)
कर्कटयोः (dual genitive)
कर्कटानाम् (genitive plural)
कर्कटे (locative singular)
कर्कटयोः (dual locative)
कर्कटेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Tirahi: [script needed] (kaṅgarā́)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: කකුළුවා (kakuḷuwā)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)

Old Marathi:

Marathi: खेकडा (khekḍā)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)

Early Assamese: কাঙ্কৰা (kaṅkora)

Middle Assamese: কঁকৰা (kõkora)

desc

Assamese: কেঁকোৰা (kẽküra), কাঁক্ৰা (kãkra) (Kamrupi dialect)

→ Bodo (India): खांख्राय (kangkray)

→ Dimasa: khangkrai

Old Bengali: কাংকডা (kāṃkaḍā)

Middle Bengali: কাঁকড়া (kãkoṛa)

Bengali: কাঁকড়া (kãkṛa)

Sylheti: ꠇꠣꠇꠠꠣ (xaxoṛa)

Kamta: কাঁকৰা (kãkora)

Odia: କାଂକଡ଼ା (kāṅkaṛā), କାକାଡ଼ା (kākāṛā)

Pali: kakkaṭaka

→ Khmer: កក្កដា (kakkaʼdaa)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)

Hindustani:

Hindi: केकड़ (kekaṛ), केकड़ा (kekṛā)

Urdu: کےکَڑ (kekaṛ), کیکڑا

Punjabi: ਕੇਕੜਾ (kekṛā)

Lahnda: [script needed] (kakkaṛ)

Western:

Sindhi:

Devanagari script: केकड़ो

Arabic script: ڪڪڙ

→ Bengali: কর্কট (korkoṭ)

→ Dhivehi: ކަރުކަށަ (karukaṣa)

→ Telugu: కర్కటము (karkaṭamu)

→ Thai: กรกฎ (gɔɔ-rá-gòt)

→ Tibetan: ཀརྐ་ཊ (krka ṭa)

→ Burmese: ကရကဋ် (ka.ra.kat)

→ Classical Newar: कखडि

Newar: कःलि (ka:li)

/ˈkɐɾ.kɐ.ʈɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *karkartas, according to Pokorny, related to कर्कर (karkara, “hard”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂er- (“hard”) (see also Welsh crach (“crust”), Proto-Slavic *rakъ (“crayfish”)). Latin cancer and Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos, “crab”) could also be related, but this is uncertain.
More likely from a substrate language, and possibly cognate with Santali ᱠᱟᱴᱠᱚᱢ (kaṭkôm); however, this is uncertain, as the latter could also be from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kt₁aam. However, the Santali word is definitely not borrowed from Sanskrit; and a borrowing from Munda languages into Sanskrit is not verifiable.

cog

the curved end of the beam of a balance (to which the strings supporting the scale are attached)

a pair of compasses in a particular position


ऋद्धि

ṛ́ddhi (romanization)
ऋद्धिः (nominative singular)
ऋद्धी (dual nominative)
ऋद्धयः (nominative plural)
ऋद्धे (singular vocative)
ऋद्धी (dual vocative)
ऋद्धयः (plural vocative)
ऋद्धिम् (accusative singular)
ऋद्धी (accusative dual)
ऋद्धीः (accusative plural)
ऋद्ध्या (instrumental singular)
ऋद्धी1 (instrumental singular)
ऋद्धिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋद्धिभिः (instrumental plural)
ऋद्धये (dative singular)
ऋद्ध्यै2 (dative singular)
ऋद्धी1 (dative singular)
ऋद्धिभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋद्धिभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋद्धेः (ablative singular)
ऋद्ध्याः2 (ablative singular)
ऋद्ध्यै3 (ablative singular)
ऋद्धिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋद्धिभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋद्धेः (genitive singular)
ऋद्ध्याः2 (genitive singular)
ऋद्ध्यै3 (genitive singular)
ऋद्ध्योः (dual genitive)
ऋद्धीनाम् (genitive plural)
ऋद्धौ (locative singular)
ऋद्ध्याम्2 (locative singular)
ऋद्धा1 (locative singular)
ऋद्ध्योः (dual locative)
ऋद्धिषु (locative plural)

Pali: iddhi

→ Khmer: ឥទ្ធិ (ʼətthiʼ) (learned)

→ Thai: อิทธิ (ìt-tí) (learned)

Prakrit: 𑀭𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (riddhi)

→ Hindi: ऋद्धि (ŕddhi) (learned)

Lü: ᦟᦰᦒᦲ (l!thii)

Thai: ฤทธิ์ (rít)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃ŕ̥dʰ-tis. Synchronically analysable as ऋध् (ṛdh, root) + -ति (-ti).

सर्वकामदुघं दिव्यं सर्वरत्नसमन्वितम्। सर्व्अर्द्ध्य्उपचयोदर्कं मणिस्तम्भैरुपस्कृतम्॥

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 3.23.13

It was a wonderful structure, bedecked with all sorts of jewels, adorned with pillars of precious stones, and capable of yielding whatever one desired. It was equipped with every form of furniture and wealth, which tended to increase in the course of time.

sarvakāmadughaṃ divyaṃ sarvaratnasamanvitam. sarvarddhyupacayodarkaṃ maṇistambhairupaskṛtam.

prosperity, affluence, good fortune, wealth

तेभ्यश्चैकैकशः स्वस्य देहस्यांशमदादजः। यत्तत्समाधियोग्अर्द्धितपोविद्याविरक्तिमत्।।

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 3.20.53

To each one of these sons the unborn creator of the universe gave a part of his own body, which was characterized by deep meditation, mental concentration, supernatural power, austerity, adoration and renunciation.

tebhyaścaikaikaśaḥ svasya dehasyāṃśamadādajaḥ. yattatsamādhiyogarddhitapovidyāviraktimat..

supernatural power or supremacy, perfection


ऋद्धि

ṛddhi (romanization)
ऋद्धिः (nominative singular)
ऋद्धी (dual nominative)
ऋद्धयः (nominative plural)
ऋद्धे (singular vocative)
ऋद्धी (dual vocative)
ऋद्धयः (plural vocative)
ऋद्धिम् (accusative singular)
ऋद्धी (accusative dual)
ऋद्धीः (accusative plural)
ऋद्ध्या (instrumental singular)
ऋद्धी1 (instrumental singular)
ऋद्धिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋद्धिभिः (instrumental plural)
ऋद्धये (dative singular)
ऋद्ध्यै2 (dative singular)
ऋद्धी1 (dative singular)
ऋद्धिभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋद्धिभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋद्धेः (ablative singular)
ऋद्ध्याः2 (ablative singular)
ऋद्ध्यै3 (ablative singular)
ऋद्धिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋद्धिभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋद्धेः (genitive singular)
ऋद्ध्याः2 (genitive singular)
ऋद्ध्यै3 (genitive singular)
ऋद्ध्योः (dual genitive)
ऋद्धीनाम् (genitive plural)
ऋद्धौ (locative singular)
ऋद्ध्याम्2 (locative singular)
ऋद्धा1 (locative singular)
ऋद्ध्योः (dual locative)
ऋद्धिषु (locative plural)


परिवार

pari-vāra (romanization)
परिवारः (nominative singular)
परिवारौ (dual nominative)
परिवाराः (nominative plural)
परिवार (singular vocative)
परिवारौ (dual vocative)
परिवाराः (plural vocative)
परिवारम् (accusative singular)
परिवारौ (accusative dual)
परिवारान् (accusative plural)
परिवारेण (instrumental singular)
परिवाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परिवारैः (instrumental plural)
परिवाराय (dative singular)
परिवाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
परिवारेभ्यः (dative plural)
परिवारात् (ablative singular)
परिवाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
परिवारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
परिवारस्य (genitive singular)
परिवारयोः (dual genitive)
परिवाराणाम् (genitive plural)
परिवारे (locative singular)
परिवारयोः (dual locative)
परिवारेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of परिवार

परिवाराभ्याम्

परिवाराभ्याम्

परिवाराभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

परिवाराभ्याम्

परिवाराभ्याम्

परिवाराभ्याम्

Assamese: পৰিয়াল (porial)

→ Hindi: परिवार (parivār)

→ Bengali: পরিবার (poribar)

→ Old Javanese: pariwāra

desc

> Javanese: ꦥꦫꦶꦮꦫ (pariwara) (inherited)

→ Indonesian: pariwara

→ Tamil: பரிவாரம் (parivāram)

→ Thai: บริวาร (bɔɔ-rí-waan)

A compound of परि (pari, “around”) + वार (vāra, “cover”).

surroundings, train, suite, dependants, followers


असुर

asura (romanization)
असुरः (nominative singular)
असुरौ (dual nominative)
असुरा1 (dual nominative)
असुराः (nominative plural)
असुरासः1 (nominative plural)
असुर (singular vocative)
असुरौ (dual vocative)
असुरा1 (dual vocative)
असुराः (plural vocative)
असुरासः1 (plural vocative)
असुरम् (accusative singular)
असुरौ (accusative dual)
असुरा1 (accusative dual)
असुरान् (accusative plural)
असुरेण (instrumental singular)
असुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
असुरैः (instrumental plural)
असुरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
असुराय (dative singular)
असुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
असुरेभ्यः (dative plural)
असुरात् (ablative singular)
असुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
असुरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
असुरस्य (genitive singular)
असुरयोः (dual genitive)
असुराणाम् (genitive plural)
असुरे (locative singular)
असुरयोः (dual locative)
असुरेषु (locative plural)

→ Burmese: သုရာ (su.ra)

→ Chinese: 阿修羅／阿修罗 (āxiūluó)

→ Japanese: 阿修羅 (ashura)

→ Korean: 아수라 (asura)

→ Vietnamese: A Tu La

→ Gujarati: અસુર (asur)

→ Hindi: असुर (asur)

→ English: asur

→ Khmer: អសុរ (ʼaʼsol)

→ Marathi: असुर (asur)

→ Punjabi: ਅਸੁਰ (asur)

→ Pali: asura

→ Russian: а́сура (ásura)

→ Tamil: அசுரன் (acuraṉ)

→ Telugu: అసురుడు (asuruḍu)

→ Thai: อสูร (à-sǔun), อสุร

→ Tocharian B: asūre

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hásuras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hásuras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ń̥suros.
Related to असु (asu-), with several possible etymologies and meanings. In the context of asura conventionally associated with asu- in the sense of "master of the house". This meaning is not further narrowed by its etymology: cf. Avestan 𐬀𐬵𐬎 (ahu, “lord; life, existence”) and 𐬀𐬵𐬎𐬭𐬀 (ahura, “lord”), Hittite 𒈗 (ḫaššū, “king”), Old Norse æsir (“gods”) and Old English ōs (“god”). Possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ens- (“to engender, beget”).
The Brahmanas and the Puranas derive asura from another asu-, "breath", a cognate of which is found in Av. ahu-, "life, existence". In yet other post-Vedic Sanskrit literature, asura was back-formed as a-sura, "non-sura", with sura then associated with a group of gods who inhabit Indra's domain.

inh

म॒हान्ता॑ मि॒त्रावरु॑णा स॒म्राजा॑ दे॒वाव्असु॑रा।
ऋ॒तावा॑नावृ॒तमा घो॑षतो बृ॒हत्॥
mahā́ntā mitrā́váruṇā samrā́jā devā́vásurā.
ṛtā́vānāvṛtámā́ ghoṣato bṛhát.

Great Mitra and Varuṇa, sovereign kings, gods and spirits truth-possessing, loudly sound their lofty truth.

spirit, good spirit, supreme spirit (said of Varuna)

an evil spirit, demon, ghost, opponent of the gods

Sinapis ramosa (in later Sanskrit सुर (sura) has been formed from असुर (asura), as सित (sita), from असित (asita))


लोह

head

लोह • (lohá)

lohá (romanization)
लोहः (nominative singular)
लोहौ (dual nominative)
लोहा1 (dual nominative)
लोहाः (nominative plural)
लोहासः1 (nominative plural)
लोह (singular vocative)
लोहौ (dual vocative)
लोहा1 (dual vocative)
लोहाः (plural vocative)
लोहासः1 (plural vocative)
लोहम् (accusative singular)
लोहौ (accusative dual)
लोहा1 (accusative dual)
लोहान् (accusative plural)
लोहेन (instrumental singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोहैः (instrumental plural)
लोहेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लोहाय (dative singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोहेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोहात् (ablative singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोहेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोहस्य (genitive singular)
लोहयोः (dual genitive)
लोहानाम् (genitive plural)
लोहे (locative singular)
लोहयोः (dual locative)
लोहेषु (locative plural)
लोहा (nominative singular)
लोहे (dual nominative)
लोहाः (nominative plural)
लोहे (singular vocative)
लोहे (dual vocative)
लोहाः (plural vocative)
लोहाम् (accusative singular)
लोहे (accusative dual)
लोहाः (accusative plural)
लोहया (instrumental singular)
लोहा1 (instrumental singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोहाभिः (instrumental plural)
लोहायै (dative singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोहाभ्यः (dative plural)
लोहायाः (ablative singular)
लोहायै2 (ablative singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोहाभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोहायाः (genitive singular)
लोहायै2 (genitive singular)
लोहयोः (dual genitive)
लोहानाम् (genitive plural)
लोहायाम् (locative singular)
लोहयोः (dual locative)
लोहासु (locative plural)
लोहम् (nominative singular)
लोहे (dual nominative)
लोहानि (nominative plural)
लोहा1 (nominative plural)
लोह (singular vocative)
लोहे (dual vocative)
लोहानि (plural vocative)
लोहा1 (plural vocative)
लोहम् (accusative singular)
लोहे (accusative dual)
लोहानि (accusative plural)
लोहा1 (accusative plural)
लोहेन (instrumental singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोहैः (instrumental plural)
लोहेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लोहाय (dative singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोहेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोहात् (ablative singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोहेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोहस्य (genitive singular)
लोहयोः (dual genitive)
लोहानाम् (genitive plural)
लोहे (locative singular)
लोहयोः (dual locative)
लोहेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrawdʰás (“red metal; copper, brass”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós (“red thing”), from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”). Cognate with Middle Persian [script needed] (lwd /rôy/, “brass”), whence Persian روی (rôy).
The -h- instead of the expected -dh- seems to be a standard dissimilation of dh…t to h…t across the whole paradigm for रुध् (rudh) in the dialect on which Classical Sanskrit was based, compare रोहित (róhita, “red mare”), नीललोहित (nīlalohitá, “dark blue and red”), but रुधिर (rudhirá, “red”).


लोह

lohá (romanization)
लोहः (nominative singular)
लोहौ (dual nominative)
लोहा1 (dual nominative)
लोहाः (nominative plural)
लोहासः1 (nominative plural)
लोह (singular vocative)
लोहौ (dual vocative)
लोहा1 (dual vocative)
लोहाः (plural vocative)
लोहासः1 (plural vocative)
लोहम् (accusative singular)
लोहौ (accusative dual)
लोहा1 (accusative dual)
लोहान् (accusative plural)
लोहेन (instrumental singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोहैः (instrumental plural)
लोहेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लोहाय (dative singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोहेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोहात् (ablative singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोहेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोहस्य (genitive singular)
लोहयोः (dual genitive)
लोहानाम् (genitive plural)
लोहे (locative singular)
लोहयोः (dual locative)
लोहेषु (locative plural)
लोहम् (nominative singular)
लोहे (dual nominative)
लोहानि (nominative plural)
लोहा1 (nominative plural)
लोह (singular vocative)
लोहे (dual vocative)
लोहानि (plural vocative)
लोहा1 (plural vocative)
लोहम् (accusative singular)
लोहे (accusative dual)
लोहानि (accusative plural)
लोहा1 (accusative plural)
लोहेन (instrumental singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोहैः (instrumental plural)
लोहेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लोहाय (dative singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोहेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोहात् (ablative singular)
लोहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोहेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोहस्य (genitive singular)
लोहयोः (dual genitive)
लोहानाम् (genitive plural)
लोहे (locative singular)
लोहयोः (dual locative)
लोहेषु (locative plural)

Pali: loha

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀮𑁄𑀳 (loha)

Hindustani:

Hindi: लोहा (lohā)

Urdu: لوہا (lohā)

Marathi: लोह (loh)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਲੋਹਾ (lohā)

Shahmukhi script: لوہا (lohā)

Sindhi: लोहु

desctree

→ Tamil: உலோகம் (ulōkam)
→ Malay: logam (“metal”)
Indonesian: logam (“metal”)

(in later language) iron (either crude or wrought) or steel or gold or any metal

लोहाज लोहाज#Sanskrit


पर्जन्य

parjánya (romanization)
पर्जन्यः (nominative singular)
पर्जन्यौ (dual nominative)
पर्जन्या1 (dual nominative)
पर्जन्याः (nominative plural)
पर्जन्यासः1 (nominative plural)
पर्जन्य (singular vocative)
पर्जन्यौ (dual vocative)
पर्जन्या1 (dual vocative)
पर्जन्याः (plural vocative)
पर्जन्यासः1 (plural vocative)
पर्जन्यम् (accusative singular)
पर्जन्यौ (accusative dual)
पर्जन्या1 (accusative dual)
पर्जन्यान् (accusative plural)
पर्जन्येन (instrumental singular)
पर्जन्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पर्जन्यैः (instrumental plural)
पर्जन्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पर्जन्याय (dative singular)
पर्जन्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
पर्जन्येभ्यः (dative plural)
पर्जन्यात् (ablative singular)
पर्जन्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पर्जन्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
पर्जन्यस्य (genitive singular)
पर्जन्ययोः (dual genitive)
पर्जन्यानाम् (genitive plural)
पर्जन्ये (locative singular)
पर्जन्ययोः (dual locative)
पर्जन्येषु (locative plural)

[pɐɾ.d͡ʑɐ́j̃.jɐ]

/pɐɾˈd͡ʑɐn̪.jɐ/

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)pregʰ- (“to scatter, to jerk”), see also Latin spurcus, Old Irish arg (“a drop”), Lithuanian sprogti (“a bud, a shoot”), Northern Sami sprygg (“active, brisk”), Old Norse freknur (“speckles”) (whence English freckle), Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀-𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬈𐬔𐬀 (fra-sparega, “twig, branch, something jerked off of a tree”), Latin spargo.


पर्जन्य

[pɐɾ.d͡ʑɐ́j̃.jɐ]

/pɐɾˈd͡ʑɐn̪.jɐ/

(Vedic religion) rain personified or the god of rain (often identified with Indra)


वैश्य

vaiśya (romanization)
वैश्यः (nominative singular)
वैश्यौ (dual nominative)
वैश्या1 (dual nominative)
वैश्याः (nominative plural)
वैश्यासः1 (nominative plural)
वैश्य (singular vocative)
वैश्यौ (dual vocative)
वैश्या1 (dual vocative)
वैश्याः (plural vocative)
वैश्यासः1 (plural vocative)
वैश्यम् (accusative singular)
वैश्यौ (accusative dual)
वैश्या1 (accusative dual)
वैश्यान् (accusative plural)
वैश्येन (instrumental singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैश्यैः (instrumental plural)
वैश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वैश्याय (dative singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वैश्यात् (ablative singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैश्यस्य (genitive singular)
वैश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वैश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वैश्ये (locative singular)
वैश्ययोः (dual locative)
वैश्येषु (locative plural)
वैश्या (nominative singular)
वैश्ये (dual nominative)
वैश्याः (nominative plural)
वैश्ये (singular vocative)
वैश्ये (dual vocative)
वैश्याः (plural vocative)
वैश्याम् (accusative singular)
वैश्ये (accusative dual)
वैश्याः (accusative plural)
वैश्यया (instrumental singular)
वैश्या1 (instrumental singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैश्याभिः (instrumental plural)
वैश्यायै (dative singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैश्याभ्यः (dative plural)
वैश्यायाः (ablative singular)
वैश्यायै2 (ablative singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैश्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैश्यायाः (genitive singular)
वैश्यायै2 (genitive singular)
वैश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वैश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वैश्यायाम् (locative singular)
वैश्ययोः (dual locative)
वैश्यासु (locative plural)
वैश्यम् (nominative singular)
वैश्ये (dual nominative)
वैश्यानि (nominative plural)
वैश्या1 (nominative plural)
वैश्य (singular vocative)
वैश्ये (dual vocative)
वैश्यानि (plural vocative)
वैश्या1 (plural vocative)
वैश्यम् (accusative singular)
वैश्ये (accusative dual)
वैश्यानि (accusative plural)
वैश्या1 (accusative plural)
वैश्येन (instrumental singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैश्यैः (instrumental plural)
वैश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वैश्याय (dative singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वैश्यात् (ablative singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैश्यस्य (genitive singular)
वैश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वैश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वैश्ये (locative singular)
वैश्ययोः (dual locative)
वैश्येषु (locative plural)

From the root विश् (viś, “settlement, house”).


वैश्य

vaiśya (romanization)
वैश्यः (nominative singular)
वैश्यौ (dual nominative)
वैश्या1 (dual nominative)
वैश्याः (nominative plural)
वैश्यासः1 (nominative plural)
वैश्य (singular vocative)
वैश्यौ (dual vocative)
वैश्या1 (dual vocative)
वैश्याः (plural vocative)
वैश्यासः1 (plural vocative)
वैश्यम् (accusative singular)
वैश्यौ (accusative dual)
वैश्या1 (accusative dual)
वैश्यान् (accusative plural)
वैश्येन (instrumental singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैश्यैः (instrumental plural)
वैश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वैश्याय (dative singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वैश्यात् (ablative singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैश्यस्य (genitive singular)
वैश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वैश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वैश्ये (locative singular)
वैश्ययोः (dual locative)
वैश्येषु (locative plural)

A peasant or "working man", agriculturist

A man of the third class or caste (whose business was trade as well as agriculture)


वैश्य

vaiśya (romanization)
वैश्यम् (nominative singular)
वैश्ये (dual nominative)
वैश्यानि (nominative plural)
वैश्या1 (nominative plural)
वैश्य (singular vocative)
वैश्ये (dual vocative)
वैश्यानि (plural vocative)
वैश्या1 (plural vocative)
वैश्यम् (accusative singular)
वैश्ये (accusative dual)
वैश्यानि (accusative plural)
वैश्या1 (accusative plural)
वैश्येन (instrumental singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैश्यैः (instrumental plural)
वैश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वैश्याय (dative singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वैश्यात् (ablative singular)
वैश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैश्यस्य (genitive singular)
वैश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वैश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वैश्ये (locative singular)
वैश्ययोः (dual locative)
वैश्येषु (locative plural)


सिंहल

siṃhala (romanization)
सिंहलः (nominative singular)
सिंहलौ (dual nominative)
सिंहलाः (nominative plural)
सिंहल (singular vocative)
सिंहलौ (dual vocative)
सिंहलाः (plural vocative)
सिंहलम् (accusative singular)
सिंहलौ (accusative dual)
सिंहलान् (accusative plural)
सिंहलेन (instrumental singular)
सिंहलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिंहलैः (instrumental plural)
सिंहलाय (dative singular)
सिंहलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिंहलेभ्यः (dative plural)
सिंहलात् (ablative singular)
सिंहलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिंहलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिंहलस्य (genitive singular)
सिंहलयोः (dual genitive)
सिंहलानाम् (genitive plural)
सिंहले (locative singular)
सिंहलयोः (dual locative)
सिंहलेषु (locative plural)
सिंहलम् (nominative singular)
सिंहले (dual nominative)
सिंहलानि (nominative plural)
सिंहल (singular vocative)
सिंहले (dual vocative)
सिंहलानि (plural vocative)
सिंहलम् (accusative singular)
सिंहले (accusative dual)
सिंहलानि (accusative plural)
सिंहलेन (instrumental singular)
सिंहलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिंहलैः (instrumental plural)
सिंहलाय (dative singular)
सिंहलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिंहलेभ्यः (dative plural)
सिंहलात् (ablative singular)
सिंहलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिंहलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिंहलस्य (genitive singular)
सिंहलयोः (dual genitive)
सिंहलानाम् (genitive plural)
सिंहले (locative singular)
सिंहलयोः (dual locative)
सिंहलेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of सिंहल

सिंहलाभ्याम्

सिंहलाभ्याम्

सिंहलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

सिंहलाभ्याम्

सिंहलाभ्याम्

सिंहलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">सिंहल</i>

सिंहलाभ्याम्

सिंहलाभ्याम्

सिंहलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

सिंहलाभ्याम्

सिंहलाभ्याम्

सिंहलाभ्याम्

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀮 (*siṃhala)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀮 (siṃhala), 𑀲𑀻𑀳𑀮 (sīhala)

desctree

Pali: sīhaḷa, sīhala
→ Burmese: သီဟိုဠ် (sihuil)

→ Sinhalese: සිංහල (siṁhala)

→ English: Sinhala

/ˈs̪ĩ.ɦɐ.l̪ɐ/

From सिंह (siṃha, “lion”) + -ल (-la), literally “lionlike”.

af

सिंहलक सिंहलक#Sanskrit

brass (more correctly सिंहलक (siṃhalaka))

सैंहल सैंहल#Sanskrit

Cassia bark (more correctly सैंहल (saiṃhala))


सकृत्

head

सकृत् • (sakṛ́t)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sakŕ̥t (“once”), from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-kr̥t- (“one time”). The first component of a compound is zero-grade of *sḗm. Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬐𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬝 (hakər^ət̰, “once”), Old Persian 𐏃𐎣𐎼𐎶𐎨𐎡𐎹 (hakaramciy, “once”) (whence Persian هرگز (hargez)). Proto-Indo-European *kert- (“times”) also the source of the Sanskrit suffix कृत्वस् (kṛ́tvas, “-fold, times”) and Russian крат (krat).

cog

सकृत् मिनवमः।

with अह्नः (áhnaḥ)

repeated

at once, suddenly, forthwith, immediately

with मा (mā)

शकृत् शकृत्#Sanskrit


सकृत्

head

सकृत् • (sakṛ́t)


लाक्षा

sa-noun

लाक्षा • (lākṣā) stem, f

lākṣā (romanization)
लाक्षा (nominative singular)
लाक्षे (dual nominative)
लाक्षाः (nominative plural)
लाक्षे (singular vocative)
लाक्षे (dual vocative)
लाक्षाः (plural vocative)
लाक्षाम् (accusative singular)
लाक्षे (accusative dual)
लाक्षाः (accusative plural)
लाक्षया (instrumental singular)
लाक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लाक्षाभिः (instrumental plural)
लाक्षायै (dative singular)
लाक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लाक्षाभ्यः (dative plural)
लाक्षायाः (ablative singular)
लाक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लाक्षाभ्यः (ablative plural)
लाक्षायाः (genitive singular)
लाक्षयोः (dual genitive)
लाक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
लाक्षायाम् (locative singular)
लाक्षयोः (dual locative)
लाक्षासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of लाक्षा

लाक्षाभ्याम्

लाक्षाभ्याम्

लाक्षाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

लाक्षाभ्याम्

लाक्षाभ्याम्

लाक्षाभ्याम्

Uncertain. Suggestions have included:
* Derived from *लक्ष (lakṣa), *रक्ष (rakṣa, “red; redness”) (related to Proto-Iranian *raxšah (“dark-colored”)), from रज् (raj, “to become red”)
* From Proto-Indo-European *laḱs- (“salmon, trout”), related to Latvian lasis, Middle Low German las (“salmon”), Russian лосо́сь (losósʹ, “salmon”), etc.
* From लक्ष (lakṣa, “one hundred thousand”), referring to the insects gathered to create the resin

der

a kind of red dye, lac (obtained from the cochineal or a similar insect as well as from the resin of a particular tree)

the insect or animal which produces the red dye


सर्म

sárma (romanization)
सर्मः (nominative singular)
सर्मौ (dual nominative)
सर्मा1 (dual nominative)
सर्माः (nominative plural)
सर्मासः1 (nominative plural)
सर्म (singular vocative)
सर्मौ (dual vocative)
सर्मा1 (dual vocative)
सर्माः (plural vocative)
सर्मासः1 (plural vocative)
सर्मम् (accusative singular)
सर्मौ (accusative dual)
सर्मा1 (accusative dual)
सर्मान् (accusative plural)
सर्मेण (instrumental singular)
सर्माभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सर्मैः (instrumental plural)
सर्मेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सर्माय (dative singular)
सर्माभ्याम् (dative dual)
सर्मेभ्यः (dative plural)
सर्मात् (ablative singular)
सर्माभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सर्मेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सर्मस्य (genitive singular)
सर्मयोः (dual genitive)
सर्माणाम् (genitive plural)
सर्मे (locative singular)
सर्मयोः (dual locative)
सर्मेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sármas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sármas, from Proto-Indo-European *sórmos, o-grade derivative of *ser- (“to flow, stream”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὁρμή (hormḗ), Old English storm (whence English storm). Morpholgically derived from सृ (sṛ, “to flow, run, speed”) + -मन् (-man).

suf

RV 1.80.5d
इन्द्रो वर्त्रस्य दोधतः सानुं वज्रेण हीळितः |
अभिक्रम्याव जिघ्नते.अपः सर्माय चोदयन्न् अनु स्वराज्यम् ||
indro vṛtrasya dodhataḥ sānuṃ vajreṇa hīḷitaḥ |
abhikramyāva jighnate.apaḥ sarmāya codayannarcann ánu svarâjyam ||
The wrathful Indra with his bolt of thunder rushing on the foe,
Smote fierce on trembling Vṛtra's back, and loosed the waters free to run, lauding his own imperial sway.


द्रु

drú (romanization)
द्रुः (nominative singular)
द्रू (dual nominative)
द्रवः (nominative plural)
द्रो (singular vocative)
द्रू (dual vocative)
द्रवः (plural vocative)
द्रुम् (accusative singular)
द्रू (accusative dual)
द्रून् (accusative plural)
द्रुणा (instrumental singular)
द्र्वा1 (instrumental singular)
द्रुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्रुभिः (instrumental plural)
द्रवे (dative singular)
द्रुभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्रुभ्यः (dative plural)
द्रोः (ablative singular)
द्रुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्रुभ्यः (ablative plural)
द्रोः (genitive singular)
द्र्वोः (dual genitive)
द्रूणाम् (genitive plural)
द्रौ (locative singular)
द्र्वोः (dual locative)
द्रुषु (locative plural)
द्रु (nominative singular)
द्रुणी (dual nominative)
द्रूणि (nominative plural)
द्रु1 (nominative plural)
द्रू1 (nominative plural)
द्रु (singular vocative)
द्रो (singular vocative)
द्रुणी (dual vocative)
द्रूणि (plural vocative)
द्रु1 (plural vocative)
द्रू1 (plural vocative)
द्रु (accusative singular)
द्रुणी (accusative dual)
द्रूणि (accusative plural)
द्रु1 (accusative plural)
द्रू1 (accusative plural)
द्रुणा (instrumental singular)
द्र्वा1 (instrumental singular)
द्रुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्रुभिः (instrumental plural)
द्रुणे (dative singular)
द्रवे1 (dative singular)
द्रुभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्रुभ्यः (dative plural)
द्रुणः (ablative singular)
द्रोः1 (ablative singular)
द्रुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्रुभ्यः (ablative plural)
द्रुणः (genitive singular)
द्रोः1 (genitive singular)
द्रुणोः (dual genitive)
द्रूणाम् (genitive plural)
द्रुणि (locative singular)
द्रौ1 (locative singular)
द्रुणोः (dual locative)
द्रुषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *drew-, oblique case stem of *dóru, whence also regularly Sanskrit दारु (dā́ru). Compare Ancient Greek δρῦς (drûs) and Old Church Slavonic дръва (drŭva).

द्रुपद

wooden post (to which captives are tied)

wood or any wooden implement (as a cup, an oar etc.)


द्रु

head

द्रु • (dru)

From Proto-Indo-European *drew- (“to run”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬀𐬎𐬎 (drauu, “to run”), and, outside of Indo-Iranian, Latin Dravus (“the Drava river in southern Central Europe”).


नवोदय

navodaya (romanization)
नवोदयः (nominative singular)
नवोदयौ (dual nominative)
नवोदयाः (nominative plural)
नवोदय (singular vocative)
नवोदयौ (dual vocative)
नवोदयाः (plural vocative)
नवोदयम् (accusative singular)
नवोदयौ (accusative dual)
नवोदयान् (accusative plural)
नवोदयेन (instrumental singular)
नवोदयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नवोदयैः (instrumental plural)
नवोदयाय (dative singular)
नवोदयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नवोदयेभ्यः (dative plural)
नवोदयात् (ablative singular)
नवोदयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नवोदयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नवोदयस्य (genitive singular)
नवोदययोः (dual genitive)
नवोदयानाम् (genitive plural)
नवोदये (locative singular)
नवोदययोः (dual locative)
नवोदयेषु (locative plural)
नवोदया (nominative singular)
नवोदये (dual nominative)
नवोदयाः (nominative plural)
नवोदये (singular vocative)
नवोदये (dual vocative)
नवोदयाः (plural vocative)
नवोदयाम् (accusative singular)
नवोदये (accusative dual)
नवोदयाः (accusative plural)
नवोदयया (instrumental singular)
नवोदयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नवोदयाभिः (instrumental plural)
नवोदयायै (dative singular)
नवोदयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नवोदयाभ्यः (dative plural)
नवोदयायाः (ablative singular)
नवोदयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नवोदयाभ्यः (ablative plural)
नवोदयायाः (genitive singular)
नवोदययोः (dual genitive)
नवोदयानाम् (genitive plural)
नवोदयायाम् (locative singular)
नवोदययोः (dual locative)
नवोदयासु (locative plural)
नवोदयम् (nominative singular)
नवोदये (dual nominative)
नवोदयानि (nominative plural)
नवोदय (singular vocative)
नवोदये (dual vocative)
नवोदयानि (plural vocative)
नवोदयम् (accusative singular)
नवोदये (accusative dual)
नवोदयानि (accusative plural)
नवोदयेन (instrumental singular)
नवोदयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नवोदयैः (instrumental plural)
नवोदयाय (dative singular)
नवोदयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नवोदयेभ्यः (dative plural)
नवोदयात् (ablative singular)
नवोदयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नवोदयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नवोदयस्य (genitive singular)
नवोदययोः (dual genitive)
नवोदयानाम् (genitive plural)
नवोदये (locative singular)
नवोदययोः (dual locative)
नवोदयेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of नवोदय

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of नवोदय

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">नवोदय</i>

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्

नवोदयाभ्याम्


नवोदित

navo-dita (romanization)
नवोदितः (nominative singular)
नवोदितौ (dual nominative)
नवोदिताः (nominative plural)
नवोदित (singular vocative)
नवोदितौ (dual vocative)
नवोदिताः (plural vocative)
नवोदितम् (accusative singular)
नवोदितौ (accusative dual)
नवोदितान् (accusative plural)
नवोदितेन (instrumental singular)
नवोदिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नवोदितैः (instrumental plural)
नवोदिताय (dative singular)
नवोदिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
नवोदितेभ्यः (dative plural)
नवोदितात् (ablative singular)
नवोदिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नवोदितेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नवोदितस्य (genitive singular)
नवोदितयोः (dual genitive)
नवोदितानाम् (genitive plural)
नवोदिते (locative singular)
नवोदितयोः (dual locative)
नवोदितेषु (locative plural)
नवोदिता (nominative singular)
नवोदिते (dual nominative)
नवोदिताः (nominative plural)
नवोदिते (singular vocative)
नवोदिते (dual vocative)
नवोदिताः (plural vocative)
नवोदिताम् (accusative singular)
नवोदिते (accusative dual)
नवोदिताः (accusative plural)
नवोदितया (instrumental singular)
नवोदिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नवोदिताभिः (instrumental plural)
नवोदितायै (dative singular)
नवोदिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
नवोदिताभ्यः (dative plural)
नवोदितायाः (ablative singular)
नवोदिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नवोदिताभ्यः (ablative plural)
नवोदितायाः (genitive singular)
नवोदितयोः (dual genitive)
नवोदितानाम् (genitive plural)
नवोदितायाम् (locative singular)
नवोदितयोः (dual locative)
नवोदितासु (locative plural)
नवोदितम् (nominative singular)
नवोदिते (dual nominative)
नवोदितानि (nominative plural)
नवोदित (singular vocative)
नवोदिते (dual vocative)
नवोदितानि (plural vocative)
नवोदितम् (accusative singular)
नवोदिते (accusative dual)
नवोदितानि (accusative plural)
नवोदितेन (instrumental singular)
नवोदिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नवोदितैः (instrumental plural)
नवोदिताय (dative singular)
नवोदिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
नवोदितेभ्यः (dative plural)
नवोदितात् (ablative singular)
नवोदिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नवोदितेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नवोदितस्य (genitive singular)
नवोदितयोः (dual genitive)
नवोदितानाम् (genitive plural)
नवोदिते (locative singular)
नवोदितयोः (dual locative)
नवोदितेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of नवोदित

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of नवोदित

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">नवोदित</i>

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्

नवोदिताभ्याम्


सहस्र

sahásra (romanization)
m (rare)
सहस्रम् (nominative singular)
सहस्रे (dual nominative)
सहस्राणि (nominative plural)
सहस्रा1 (nominative plural)
सहस्र (singular vocative)
सहस्रे (dual vocative)
सहस्राणि (plural vocative)
सहस्रा1 (plural vocative)
सहस्रम् (accusative singular)
सहस्रे (accusative dual)
सहस्राणि (accusative plural)
सहस्रा1 (accusative plural)
सहस्रेण (instrumental singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सहस्रैः (instrumental plural)
सहस्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सहस्राय (dative singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
सहस्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
सहस्रात् (ablative singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सहस्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सहस्रस्य (genitive singular)
सहस्रयोः (dual genitive)
सहस्राणाम् (genitive plural)
सहस्रे (locative singular)
सहस्रयोः (dual locative)
सहस्रेषु (locative plural)
सहस्रः (nominative singular)
सहस्रौ (dual nominative)
सहस्रा1 (dual nominative)
सहस्राः (nominative plural)
सहस्रासः1 (nominative plural)
सहस्र (singular vocative)
सहस्रौ (dual vocative)
सहस्रा1 (dual vocative)
सहस्राः (plural vocative)
सहस्रासः1 (plural vocative)
सहस्रम् (accusative singular)
सहस्रौ (accusative dual)
सहस्रा1 (accusative dual)
सहस्रान् (accusative plural)
सहस्रेण (instrumental singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सहस्रैः (instrumental plural)
सहस्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सहस्राय (dative singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
सहस्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
सहस्रात् (ablative singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सहस्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सहस्रस्य (genitive singular)
सहस्रयोः (dual genitive)
सहस्राणाम् (genitive plural)
सहस्रे (locative singular)
सहस्रयोः (dual locative)
सहस्रेषु (locative plural)

/sɐ.ɦɐ́s.ɾɐ/

/s̪ɐˈɦɐs̪.ɾɐ/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-
Proto-Indo-European *-lom
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéslom
Proto-Indo-Iranian *saȷ́ʰásram
Sanskrit सहस्र (sahasra)
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *saźʰásram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *saȷ́ʰásram (“thousand”), from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-ǵʰéslom, from *ǵʰéslom. Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀 (hazaŋra), Persian هزار (hezâr), Ancient Greek χίλιοι (khílioi), Latin mīlle.

etymon

प्र नू॒नं जा॑यताम॒यं मनु॒स्तोक्मे॑व रोहतु।
यः स॒हस्रं॑ श॒ताश्वं॑ स॒द्यो दा॒नाय॒ मंह॑ते॥
prá nūnáṃ jāyatāmayáṃ mánustókmeva rohatu.
yáḥ sahásraṃ śatā́śvaṃ sadyó dānā́ya máṃhate.
May this Manu (Sāvarṇi) quickly be born, may he increase like (well- watered) seed, who sends meat once a thousand and a hundred horses for a present.


सहस्र

sahásra (romanization)
सहस्रः (nominative singular)
सहस्रौ (dual nominative)
सहस्रा1 (dual nominative)
सहस्राः (nominative plural)
सहस्रासः1 (nominative plural)
सहस्र (singular vocative)
सहस्रौ (dual vocative)
सहस्रा1 (dual vocative)
सहस्राः (plural vocative)
सहस्रासः1 (plural vocative)
सहस्रम् (accusative singular)
सहस्रौ (accusative dual)
सहस्रा1 (accusative dual)
सहस्रान् (accusative plural)
सहस्रेण (instrumental singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सहस्रैः (instrumental plural)
सहस्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सहस्राय (dative singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
सहस्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
सहस्रात् (ablative singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सहस्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सहस्रस्य (genitive singular)
सहस्रयोः (dual genitive)
सहस्राणाम् (genitive plural)
सहस्रे (locative singular)
सहस्रयोः (dual locative)
सहस्रेषु (locative plural)
सहस्री (nominative singular)
सहस्र्यौ (dual nominative)
सहस्री1 (dual nominative)
सहस्र्यः (nominative plural)
सहस्रीः1 (nominative plural)
सहस्रि (singular vocative)
सहस्र्यौ (dual vocative)
सहस्री1 (dual vocative)
सहस्र्यः (plural vocative)
सहस्रीः1 (plural vocative)
सहस्रीम् (accusative singular)
सहस्र्यौ (accusative dual)
सहस्री1 (accusative dual)
सहस्रीः (accusative plural)
सहस्र्या (instrumental singular)
सहस्रीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सहस्रीभिः (instrumental plural)
सहस्र्यै (dative singular)
सहस्रीभ्याम् (dative dual)
सहस्रीभ्यः (dative plural)
सहस्र्याः (ablative singular)
सहस्र्यै2 (ablative singular)
सहस्रीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सहस्रीभ्यः (ablative plural)
सहस्र्याः (genitive singular)
सहस्र्यै2 (genitive singular)
सहस्र्योः (dual genitive)
सहस्रीणाम् (genitive plural)
सहस्र्याम् (locative singular)
सहस्र्योः (dual locative)
सहस्रीषु (locative plural)
सहस्रम् (nominative singular)
सहस्रे (dual nominative)
सहस्राणि (nominative plural)
सहस्रा1 (nominative plural)
सहस्र (singular vocative)
सहस्रे (dual vocative)
सहस्राणि (plural vocative)
सहस्रा1 (plural vocative)
सहस्रम् (accusative singular)
सहस्रे (accusative dual)
सहस्राणि (accusative plural)
सहस्रा1 (accusative plural)
सहस्रेण (instrumental singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सहस्रैः (instrumental plural)
सहस्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सहस्राय (dative singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
सहस्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
सहस्रात् (ablative singular)
सहस्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सहस्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सहस्रस्य (genitive singular)
सहस्रयोः (dual genitive)
सहस्राणाम् (genitive plural)
सहस्रे (locative singular)
सहस्रयोः (dual locative)
सहस्रेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀭 (sahasra)
Prakrit: (see there for further descendants)
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sahassa)
Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀰𑀳𑀰𑁆𑀰 (śahaśśa)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sahassa)
Paisaci Prakrit: 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sahassa)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sahassa)

Pali: sahassa

Prakrit: sahasira > sāsira

→ Old Kannada: ಸಾಸಿರ (sāsira)
Kannada: ಸಾವಿರ (sāvira)

→ Tulu: ಸಾವಿರ (sāvira), ಸಾರ (sāra)

→ Old Tamil:

Tamil: ஆயிரம் (āyiram)

Malayalam: ആയിരം (āyiraṁ)

Dhivehi: ހާސް (hās)

Kashmiri: ساس (sās)

Punjabi: ਸਹੰਸ (sahansa) (archaic)

Saraiki: سَیہِنس (saihins)

→ Bengali: সহস্র (śôhôśrô)

→ Gujarati: સહસ્ત્ર (sahastra)

→ Hindi: सहस्र (sahasra)

→ Marathi: सहस्र (sahasra)

desc

→ Old Marathi: 𑘭𑘮𑘭𑘿𑘨 (sahasra), 𑘭𑘰𑘭𑘿𑘨 (sāsra), 𑘭𑘰𑘮𑘭𑘿𑘨 (sāhasra)

→ Nepali: सहस्र (sahasra)

→ Punjabi: ਸਹੰਸਰ (sahansar)

→ Telugu: సహస్రము (sahasramu)

/sɐ.ɦɐ́s.ɾɐ/

/s̪ɐˈɦɐs̪.ɾɐ/


सन

sána (romanization)
सनः (nominative singular)
सनौ (dual nominative)
सना1 (dual nominative)
सनाः (nominative plural)
सनासः1 (nominative plural)
सन (singular vocative)
सनौ (dual vocative)
सना1 (dual vocative)
सनाः (plural vocative)
सनासः1 (plural vocative)
सनम् (accusative singular)
सनौ (accusative dual)
सना1 (accusative dual)
सनान् (accusative plural)
सनेन (instrumental singular)
सनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सनैः (instrumental plural)
सनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सनाय (dative singular)
सनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सनेभ्यः (dative plural)
सनात् (ablative singular)
सनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सनस्य (genitive singular)
सनयोः (dual genitive)
सनानाम् (genitive plural)
सने (locative singular)
सनयोः (dual locative)
सनेषु (locative plural)
सना (nominative singular)
सने (dual nominative)
सनाः (nominative plural)
सने (singular vocative)
सने (dual vocative)
सनाः (plural vocative)
सनाम् (accusative singular)
सने (accusative dual)
सनाः (accusative plural)
सनया (instrumental singular)
सना1 (instrumental singular)
सनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सनाभिः (instrumental plural)
सनायै (dative singular)
सनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सनाभ्यः (dative plural)
सनायाः (ablative singular)
सनायै2 (ablative singular)
सनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
सनायाः (genitive singular)
सनायै2 (genitive singular)
सनयोः (dual genitive)
सनानाम् (genitive plural)
सनायाम् (locative singular)
सनयोः (dual locative)
सनासु (locative plural)
सनम् (nominative singular)
सने (dual nominative)
सनानि (nominative plural)
सना1 (nominative plural)
सन (singular vocative)
सने (dual vocative)
सनानि (plural vocative)
सना1 (plural vocative)
सनम् (accusative singular)
सने (accusative dual)
सनानि (accusative plural)
सना1 (accusative plural)
सनेन (instrumental singular)
सनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सनैः (instrumental plural)
सनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सनाय (dative singular)
सनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सनेभ्यः (dative plural)
सनात् (ablative singular)
सनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सनस्य (genitive singular)
सनयोः (dual genitive)
सनानाम् (genitive plural)
सने (locative singular)
सनयोः (dual locative)
सनेषु (locative plural)

PIE word
 *sénos
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sánas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sánas, from Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos), Old Armenian հին (hin), Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs), Lithuanian sẽnas, Latvian sens, and Latin senex (whence English senex).


सन

sána (romanization)
सनः (nominative singular)
सनौ (dual nominative)
सना1 (dual nominative)
सनाः (nominative plural)
सनासः1 (nominative plural)
सन (singular vocative)
सनौ (dual vocative)
सना1 (dual vocative)
सनाः (plural vocative)
सनासः1 (plural vocative)
सनम् (accusative singular)
सनौ (accusative dual)
सना1 (accusative dual)
सनान् (accusative plural)
सनेन (instrumental singular)
सनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सनैः (instrumental plural)
सनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सनाय (dative singular)
सनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सनेभ्यः (dative plural)
सनात् (ablative singular)
सनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सनस्य (genitive singular)
सनयोः (dual genitive)
सनानाम् (genitive plural)
सने (locative singular)
सनयोः (dual locative)
सनेषु (locative plural)

From the root सन् (san). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀνύω (anúō, “cause, accomplish”), the source of authentic (see αὐθέντης (authéntēs)).


सन

(botany) Bignonia suaveolens or Terminalia tomentosa


ग्रीवा

grīvā́ (romanization)
ग्रीवा (nominative singular)
ग्रीवे (dual nominative)
ग्रीवाः (nominative plural)
ग्रीवे (singular vocative)
ग्रीवे (dual vocative)
ग्रीवाः (plural vocative)
ग्रीवाम् (accusative singular)
ग्रीवे (accusative dual)
ग्रीवाः (accusative plural)
ग्रीवया (instrumental singular)
ग्रीवा1 (instrumental singular)
ग्रीवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ग्रीवाभिः (instrumental plural)
ग्रीवायै (dative singular)
ग्रीवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ग्रीवाभ्यः (dative plural)
ग्रीवायाः (ablative singular)
ग्रीवायै2 (ablative singular)
ग्रीवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ग्रीवाभ्यः (ablative plural)
ग्रीवायाः (genitive singular)
ग्रीवायै2 (genitive singular)
ग्रीवयोः (dual genitive)
ग्रीवाणाम् (genitive plural)
ग्रीवायाम् (locative singular)
ग्रीवयोः (dual locative)
ग्रीवासु (locative plural)

Pali: gīvā

Prakrit: 𑀕𑀻𑀯𑀸 (gīvā)

→ Hindi: ग्रीवा (grīvā)

→ Malayalam: ഗ്രീവ (grīva)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷriHwéh₂
Proto-Indo-Iranian *griHwáH
Sanskrit ग्रीवा (grīvā)From Proto-Indo-Iranian *griHwáH, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷriHwéh₂. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬭𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬁 (grīuuā), Latvian grĩva (“river mouth”), Proto-Slavic *griva (“mane”).

etymon

मा काकम्बीरमुद वर्हो वनस्पतिमशस्तीर्वि हि नीनशः ।
मोत सूरो अह एवा चन ग्रीवा आदधते वेः ॥
mā kākambīramuda varho vanaspatimaśastīrvi hi nīnaśaḥ.

Tear not up by the roots the Kakambira tree: destroy thou all malignity. Let them not snare by day the neck of that Celestial Bird the Sun.

mota sūro aha evā cana grīvā ādadhate veḥ.

the back part of the neck, nape, neck (in the earlier literature generally used in plural)


मणि

maṇí (romanization)
मणिः (nominative singular)
मणी (dual nominative)
मणयः (nominative plural)
मणे (singular vocative)
मणी (dual vocative)
मणयः (plural vocative)
मणिम् (accusative singular)
मणी (accusative dual)
मणीन् (accusative plural)
मणिना (instrumental singular)
मण्या1 (instrumental singular)
मणिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मणिभिः (instrumental plural)
मणये (dative singular)
मणिभ्याम् (dative dual)
मणिभ्यः (dative plural)
मणेः (ablative singular)
मण्यः1 (ablative singular)
मणिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मणिभ्यः (ablative plural)
मणेः (genitive singular)
मण्यः1 (genitive singular)
मण्योः (dual genitive)
मणीनाम् (genitive plural)
मणौ (locative singular)
मणा1 (locative singular)
मण्योः (dual locative)
मणिषु (locative plural)

Pali: maṇi

→ Burmese: မဏိ (ma.ni.)

→ Hindi: मणि (maṇi)

→ Malayalam: മണി (maṇi)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: maṇi, maṇik
Javanese: ꦩꦤꦶꦏ꧀ (manik)
→ Balinese: ᬫᬡᬷᬓ᭄ (manik)

→ Tamil: மணி (maṇi)

→ Telugu: మణి (maṇi)

→ Urdu: منی (manī)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *maníṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *maníš, from Proto-Indo-European *mon-is (“ornament, jewel”), from *mon- (“neck”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬎-𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌 (zar^ənu-maⁱni, “with a golden neck ornament”), Latin monile (“jewel”), Old Norse men (“necklace”), Old English mene (“necklace”).

cog

𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬎-𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

jewel, gem, pearl; any ornament or amulet, globule, crystal

c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

550 CE, Varāhamihira, Bṛhat Saṃhitā

the dependent fleshy excrescences on a goat's neck


राजकुमार

rāja-kumāra (romanization)
राजकुमारः (nominative singular)
राजकुमारौ (dual nominative)
राजकुमाराः (nominative plural)
राजकुमार (singular vocative)
राजकुमारौ (dual vocative)
राजकुमाराः (plural vocative)
राजकुमारम् (accusative singular)
राजकुमारौ (accusative dual)
राजकुमारान् (accusative plural)
राजकुमारेण (instrumental singular)
राजकुमाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राजकुमारैः (instrumental plural)
राजकुमाराय (dative singular)
राजकुमाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
राजकुमारेभ्यः (dative plural)
राजकुमारात् (ablative singular)
राजकुमाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राजकुमारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
राजकुमारस्य (genitive singular)
राजकुमारयोः (dual genitive)
राजकुमाराणाम् (genitive plural)
राजकुमारे (locative singular)
राजकुमारयोः (dual locative)
राजकुमारेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of राजकुमार

राजकुमाराभ्याम्

राजकुमाराभ्याम्

राजकुमारेभ्यः

राजकुमाराभ्याम्

राजकुमारेभ्यः

राजकुमाराणाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

राजकुमाराभ्याम्

राजकुमाराभ्याम्

राजकुमारेभ्यः

राजकुमाराभ्याम्

राजकुमारेभ्यः

राजकुमाराणाम्

Hindi: राजकुमार (rājkumār)

Thai: ราชกุมาร (rachakuman)

/ɾɑː.d͡ʑɐ.ku.mɑː.ɾɐ/

/ɾɑː.d͡ʑɐ.kuˈmɑː.ɾɐ/


विहार

vihāra (romanization)
विहारः (nominative singular)
विहारौ (dual nominative)
विहारा1 (dual nominative)
विहाराः (nominative plural)
विहारासः1 (nominative plural)
विहार (singular vocative)
विहारौ (dual vocative)
विहारा1 (dual vocative)
विहाराः (plural vocative)
विहारासः1 (plural vocative)
विहारम् (accusative singular)
विहारौ (accusative dual)
विहारा1 (accusative dual)
विहारान् (accusative plural)
विहारेण (instrumental singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विहारैः (instrumental plural)
विहारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
विहाराय (dative singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
विहारेभ्यः (dative plural)
विहारात् (ablative singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विहारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विहारस्य (genitive singular)
विहारयोः (dual genitive)
विहाराणाम् (genitive plural)
विहारे (locative singular)
विहारयोः (dual locative)
विहारेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: বিহার (bihar)

Hindi: बिहार (bihār)

→ English: vihara

→ Burmese: ဝိဟာရ (wi.hara.)

→ Khmer: វិហារ (vihiə)

→ Javanese: ꦮꦶꦲꦫ (wihara)

→ Indonesian: wihara

→ Lao: ວິຫານ (wi hān)

→ Lü: ᦞᦲᦠᦱᧃ (viiḣaan)

→ Malay: biara

Indonesian: biara

→ Northern Thai: ᩅᩥᩉᩣ᩠ᩁ

Sinhalese: විහාර (wihāra)

→ Thai: วิหาร (wí-hǎan)

From वि- (vi-, suffix indicating distribution, opposition or arrangement) + हार (hāra, “bearing, carrying”, from हर (hara)).

af

from <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">हर</i> (hara)

arrangement or disposition (of the 3 sacred fires; also applied to the fires themselves or the space between them)

संहार संहार#Sanskrit

too great expansion of the organs of speech (consisting in too great lengthening or drawling in pronunciation, as opposed to संहार (saṃ-hāra))

walking for pleasure or amusement, wandering, roaming

sport, play, pastime, diversion, enjoyment, pleasure ("in" or "with" compound; at the end of a compound also = "taking delight in")

(Buddhism, Jainism) vihara, a monastery or temple (originally a hall where the monks met or walked about; afterwards these halls were used as temples)

name of the country of मगध (magadha) (called Bihar or Behar from the number of Buddhist monasteries)

बिन्दुरेकक बिन्दुरेकक#Sanskrit

a particular bird (= बिन्दुरेकक (bindurekaka))

वैजयन्त वैजयन्त#Sanskrit

(at the end of a compound) delighting in