मातुल

mātula (romanization)
मातुलः (nominative singular)
मातुलौ (dual nominative)
मातुलाः (nominative plural)
मातुल (singular vocative)
मातुलौ (dual vocative)
मातुलाः (plural vocative)
मातुलम् (accusative singular)
मातुलौ (accusative dual)
मातुलान् (accusative plural)
मातुलेन (instrumental singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मातुलैः (instrumental plural)
मातुलाय (dative singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मातुलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मातुलात् (ablative singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मातुलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मातुलस्य (genitive singular)
मातुलयोः (dual genitive)
मातुलानाम् (genitive plural)
मातुले (locative singular)
मातुलयोः (dual locative)
मातुलेषु (locative plural)
मातुला (nominative singular)
मातुले (dual nominative)
मातुलाः (nominative plural)
मातुले (singular vocative)
मातुले (dual vocative)
मातुलाः (plural vocative)
मातुलाम् (accusative singular)
मातुले (accusative dual)
मातुलाः (accusative plural)
मातुलया (instrumental singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मातुलाभिः (instrumental plural)
मातुलायै (dative singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मातुलाभ्यः (dative plural)
मातुलायाः (ablative singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मातुलाभ्यः (ablative plural)
मातुलायाः (genitive singular)
मातुलयोः (dual genitive)
मातुलानाम् (genitive plural)
मातुलायाम् (locative singular)
मातुलयोः (dual locative)
मातुलासु (locative plural)
मातुलम् (nominative singular)
मातुले (dual nominative)
मातुलानि (nominative plural)
मातुल (singular vocative)
मातुले (dual vocative)
मातुलानि (plural vocative)
मातुलम् (accusative singular)
मातुले (accusative dual)
मातुलानि (accusative plural)
मातुलेन (instrumental singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मातुलैः (instrumental plural)
मातुलाय (dative singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मातुलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मातुलात् (ablative singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मातुलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मातुलस्य (genitive singular)
मातुलयोः (dual genitive)
मातुलानाम् (genitive plural)
मातुले (locative singular)
मातुलयोः (dual locative)
मातुलेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मातुल

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of मातुल

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">मातुल</i>

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्


मातुल

mātula (romanization)
मातुलः (nominative singular)
मातुलौ (dual nominative)
मातुलाः (nominative plural)
मातुल (singular vocative)
मातुलौ (dual vocative)
मातुलाः (plural vocative)
मातुलम् (accusative singular)
मातुलौ (accusative dual)
मातुलान् (accusative plural)
मातुलेन (instrumental singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मातुलैः (instrumental plural)
मातुलाय (dative singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मातुलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मातुलात् (ablative singular)
मातुलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मातुलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मातुलस्य (genitive singular)
मातुलयोः (dual genitive)
मातुलानाम् (genitive plural)
मातुले (locative singular)
मातुलयोः (dual locative)
मातुलेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मातुल

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

मातुलाभ्याम्

desc

جَوْز مَاثِل

→ Arabic: جَوْز مَاثِل (jawz māṯil, “metel nut, fruit of Datura metel”)

Translingual: Datura metel

→ English: metel, metel nut

→ Spanish: métel

→ Tamil: மாதுலர் (mātular)


जासयति

sa-verb

जासयति • (jāsáyati) third-singular indicative (class 10, causative, root जस्)

jāsáyati (romanization)
जस् (root)
जासयितुम् (infinitive)
जासित्वा (gerund)
जासयितव्य (participle)
जासनीय (participle)
जासयितव्या (participle)
जासनीया (participle)
जासित (participle)
जासिता (participle)
जासितवत् (participle)
जासितवती (participle)
जासयति (present)
जासयते (present)
जासयति (active indicative singular third-person)
जासयतः (active dual indicative third-person)
जासयन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
जासयते (indicative singular third-person)
जासयेते (dual indicative third-person)
जासयन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
जासयसि (active indicative second-person singular)
जासयथः (active dual indicative second-person)
जासयथ (active indicative plural second-person)
जासयसे (indicative second-person singular)
जासयेथे (dual indicative second-person)
जासयध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
जासयामि (active first-person indicative singular)
जासयावः (active dual first-person indicative)
जासयामः (active first-person indicative plural)
जासयामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
जासये (first-person indicative singular)
जासयावहे (dual first-person indicative)
जासयामहे (first-person indicative plural)
जासयतु (active imperative singular third-person)
जासयताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
जासयन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
जासयताम् (imperative singular third-person)
जासयेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
जासयन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
जासय (active imperative second-person singular)
जासयतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
जासयत (active imperative plural second-person)
जासयस्व (imperative second-person singular)
जासयेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
जासयध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
जासयानि (active first-person imperative singular)
जासयाव (active dual first-person imperative)
जासयाम (active first-person imperative plural)
जासयै (first-person imperative singular)
जासयावहै (dual first-person imperative)
जासयामहै (first-person imperative plural)
जासयेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
जासयेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
जासयेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
जासयेत (imperative singular third-person)
जासयेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
जासयेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
जासयेः (active imperative second-person singular)
जासयेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
जासयेत (active imperative plural second-person)
जासयेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
जासयेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
जासयेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
जासयेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
जासयेव (active dual first-person imperative)
जासयेम (active first-person imperative plural)
जासयेय (first-person imperative singular)
जासयेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
जासयेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
जासयात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
जासयाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
जासयातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
जासयान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
जासयाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
जासयातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
जासयैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
जासयन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
जासयान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
जासयाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
जासयासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
जासयाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
जासयाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
जासयासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
जासयासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
जासयैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
जासयाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
जासयानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
जासयाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
जासयाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
जासयै (first-person singular subjunctive)
जासयावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
जासयामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
जासयत् (active participle)
जासयमान (participle)
जासयान2 (participle)
अजासयत् (imperfect)
अजासयत (imperfect)
अजासयत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अजासयताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अजासयन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अजासयत (indicative singular third-person)
अजासयेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अजासयन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अजासयः (active indicative second-person singular)
अजासयतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अजासयत (active indicative plural second-person)
अजासयथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अजासयेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अजासयध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अजासयम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अजासयाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अजासयाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अजासये (first-person indicative singular)
अजासयावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अजासयामहि (first-person indicative plural)
जासयिष्यति (future)
जासयिष्यते (future)
जासयिष्यति (active indicative singular third-person)
जासयिष्यतः (active dual indicative third-person)
जासयिष्यन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
जासयिष्यते (indicative singular third-person)
जासयिष्येते (dual indicative third-person)
जासयिष्यन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
जासयिष्यसि (active indicative second-person singular)
जासयिष्यथः (active dual indicative second-person)
जासयिष्यथ (active indicative plural second-person)
जासयिष्यसे (indicative second-person singular)
जासयिष्येथे (dual indicative second-person)
जासयिष्यध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
जासयिष्यामि (active first-person indicative singular)
जासयिष्यावः (active dual first-person indicative)
जासयिष्यामः (active first-person indicative plural)
जासयिष्यामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
जासयिष्ये (first-person indicative singular)
जासयिष्यावहे (dual first-person indicative)
जासयिष्यामहे (first-person indicative plural)
जासयिष्यत् (active participle)
जासयिष्यमाण (participle)
अजासयिष्यत् (conditional)
अजासयिष्यत (conditional)
अजासयिष्यत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अजासयिष्यताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अजासयिष्यन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अजासयिष्यत (indicative singular third-person)
अजासयिष्येताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अजासयिष्यन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अजासयिष्यः (active indicative second-person singular)
अजासयिष्यतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अजासयिष्यत (active indicative plural second-person)
अजासयिष्यथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अजासयिष्येथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अजासयिष्यध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अजासयिष्यम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अजासयिष्याव (active dual first-person indicative)
अजासयिष्याम (active first-person indicative plural)
अजासयिष्ये (first-person indicative singular)
अजासयिष्यावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अजासयिष्यामहि (first-person indicative plural)
जास्यात् (active singular third-person)
जास्याः1 (active singular third-person)
जास्यास्ताम् (active dual third-person)
जास्यासुः (active plural third-person)
जासयिषीष्ट (singular third-person)
जासयिषीयास्ताम्2 (dual third-person)
जासयिषीरन् (plural third-person)
जास्याः (active second-person singular)
जास्यास्तम् (active dual second-person)
जास्यास्त (active plural second-person)
जासयिषीष्ठाः (second-person singular)
जासयिषीयास्थाम्2 (dual second-person)
जासयिषीढ्वम् (plural second-person)
जास्यासम् (active first-person singular)
जास्यास्व (active dual first-person)
जास्यास्म (active first-person plural)
जासयिषीय (first-person singular)
जासयिषीवहि (dual first-person)
जासयिषीमहि (first-person plural)
जासयामास (perfect)
जासयांचकार (perfect)
जासयांचक्रे (perfect)
जासयामास (active indicative singular third-person)
जासयांचकार (active indicative singular third-person)
जासयामासतुः (active dual indicative third-person)
जासयांचक्रतुः (active dual indicative third-person)
जासयामासुः (active indicative plural third-person)
जासयांचक्रुः (active indicative plural third-person)
जासयांचक्रे (indicative singular third-person)
जासयांचक्राते (dual indicative third-person)
जासयांचक्रिरे (indicative plural third-person)
जासयामासिथ (active indicative second-person singular)
जासयांचकर्थ (active indicative second-person singular)
जासयामासथुः (active dual indicative second-person)
जासयांचक्रथुः (active dual indicative second-person)
जासयामास (active indicative plural second-person)
जासयांचक्र (active indicative plural second-person)
जासयांचकृषे (indicative second-person singular)
जासयांचक्राथे (dual indicative second-person)
जासयांचकृध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
जासयामास (active first-person indicative singular)
जासयांचकर (active first-person indicative singular)
जासयामासिव (active dual first-person indicative)
जासयांचकृव (active dual first-person indicative)
जासयामासिम (active first-person indicative plural)
जासयांचकृम (active first-person indicative plural)
जासयांचक्रे (first-person indicative singular)
जासयांचकृवहे (dual first-person indicative)
जासयांचकृमहे (first-person indicative plural)
जासयामासिवांस् (active participle)
जासयांचकृवांस् (active participle)
जासयांचक्राण (participle)

sa-conj

jāsayā́ṃcakṛṣé

From the root जस् (jas) + -अयति (-ayati).
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)gʷes-éye-ti, eye-causative from *(s)gʷes- (“to extinguish, put out”). Cognate with Ancient Greek σβέννυμι (sbénnumi), Lithuanian gęstù (“to go out, be extinguished”), Proto-Slavic *gasìti (“to extinguish”), Old Church Slavonic оугасити (ugasiti), Old Irish bás (“death”).


धारा

dhā́rā (romanization)
धारा (nominative singular)
धारे (dual nominative)
धाराः (nominative plural)
धारे (singular vocative)
धारे (dual vocative)
धाराः (plural vocative)
धाराम् (accusative singular)
धारे (accusative dual)
धाराः (accusative plural)
धारया (instrumental singular)
धारा1 (instrumental singular)
धाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धाराभिः (instrumental plural)
धारायै (dative singular)
धाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
धाराभ्यः (dative plural)
धारायाः (ablative singular)
धारायै2 (ablative singular)
धाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धाराभ्यः (ablative plural)
धारायाः (genitive singular)
धारायै2 (genitive singular)
धारयोः (dual genitive)
धाराणाम् (genitive plural)
धारायाम् (locative singular)
धारयोः (dual locative)
धारासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Dameli: [script needed] (dār)

Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (dhār)

Grangali: [script needed] (dār)

Kashmiri: دار (dār)

desc

Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (dhār)

Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (dhār)

Savi: [script needed] (dhāre)

Shina: [script needed] (dār)

Shumashti: [script needed] (dār)

Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (dhār)

Southwest Pashayi: [script needed] (dhār)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (dār)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: දරය (daraya)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀥𑀸𑀭𑀸 (dhārā)

Assamese: ধাৰ (dhar)

Bengali: ধার (dhar)

Bihari: धार (dhār)

Bhojpuri: धार (dhār)

Maithili: धार (dhār, “line”)

Odia: ଧାର (dhāra)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀥𑀸𑀭𑀸 (dhārā)

Konkani: धार (dhār, “sharpness”)

Marathi: धार (dhār)

Pali: dhārā

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀥𑀸𑀭𑀸 (dhārā)

Gujarati: ધાર (dhār)

Kumaoni: धार (dhār)

Hindustani:

Hindi: धार (dhār)

Urdu: دهار (dhār)

Nepali: धार (dhār)

Punjabi: ਧਾਰ (dhār)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰā́raH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰā́raH, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰórh₃-eh₂, from *dʰerh₃- (“to leap, spring”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬁𐬭𐬁 (dārā), Old English daru (whence English dere). Compare also English dart, ultimately from Frankish *darōþu.
An alternative theory espoused by Lubotsky and Mayrhofer derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *dʰṇh₂-reh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰenh₂- (“to set in motion, flow”) and thus cognate to धन् (dhan, “to move, run”).
Possibly related to Persian درد (dord, “dregs”).

der

/ˈd̪ʱɑː.ɾɑː/

flood, gush, jet, drop (of any liquid), shower, rain (also figuratively of arrows, flowers, etc.)

uniformity, sameness (as of flowing water)


धारा

Probably the same as Etymology 1, as blades were perhaps traditionally hardened and sharpened by streaming water.

/ˈd̪ʱɑː.ɾɑː/

margin, sharp edge, rim, blade (esp. of a sword, knife, etc.)

(figuratively) the flame (blade) of fire

highest point, summit, glory, excellence


रज्जु

rájju (romanization)
रज्जुः (nominative singular)
रज्जू (dual nominative)
रज्जवः (nominative plural)
रज्जो (singular vocative)
रज्जू (dual vocative)
रज्जवः (plural vocative)
रज्जुम् (accusative singular)
रज्ज्वम् (accusative singular)
रज्जू (accusative dual)
रज्जूः (accusative plural)
रज्ज्वा (instrumental singular)
रज्जुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रज्जुभिः (instrumental plural)
रज्जवे (dative singular)
रज्ज्वै1 (dative singular)
रज्जुभ्याम् (dative dual)
रज्जुभ्यः (dative plural)
रज्जोः (ablative singular)
रज्ज्वाः1 (ablative singular)
रज्ज्वै2 (ablative singular)
रज्जुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रज्जुभ्यः (ablative plural)
रज्जोः (genitive singular)
रज्ज्वाः1 (genitive singular)
रज्ज्वै2 (genitive singular)
रज्ज्वोः (dual genitive)
रज्जूनाम् (genitive plural)
रज्जौ (locative singular)
रज्ज्वाम्1 (locative singular)
रज्ज्वोः (dual locative)
रज्जुषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: raǰhúk

Kashmiri: رَز (raz)

Phalura: راج (rāǰ)

Shina: رژ (răž), رجو (raǰo)

Pali: rajju

Prakrit: 𑀭𑀚𑁆𑀚 (rajja)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani:

Hindi: लजुरी (lajurī)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: লেজু (lezu)

Bengali: লেজুড় (lejuṛ)

Bihari: लजुरी (lajurī)

Bhojpuri: लजुरी (lajurī)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Bhadrawahi: रजूड़ी (rajūṛī)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ރޮދި (rodi)

Sinhalese: රොද්ද (rodda), රොදු (rodu)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: राज्जु (rājju)

Latin script: rajju

Kannada script: ರಾಜ್ಜು

Marathi: रज्जू (rajjū)

Western:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: lajj

Gurmukhi script: ਲੱਜ

Shahmukhi script: لَجّ

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: laj̄a

Arabic script: لَڄَ

Devanagari script: रॼ

[ɾɐ́d̚.d͡ʑu]

/ˈɾɐd̪.d͡ʑu/

[ˈɾɐd̪̚.d͡ʑu]

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ráźȷ́uṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rázǰuš, form Proto-Indo-European *résg-u-s, from *(H)resg- (“to weave, plait”). Cognate with Latin restis, Russian ро́зга (rózga), Lithuanian rezgti. Compare also Old Armenian երագազ (eragaz), an Iranian borrowing.

inh+

अहं रज्जुं भन्त्स्यामि।


जागर्ति

sa-verb

जागर्ति • (jāgárti) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, present, root जागृ)

jāgárti (romanization)
जागृ (root)
जागर्ति (present)
जागर्ति (active indicative singular third-person)
जागृतः (active dual indicative third-person)
जाग्रति (active indicative plural third-person)
जागर्षि (active indicative second-person singular)
जागृथः (active dual indicative second-person)
जागृथ (active indicative plural second-person)
जागर्मि (active first-person indicative singular)
जागृमि (active first-person indicative singular)
जागृवः (active dual first-person indicative)
जागृमः (active first-person indicative plural)
जागृमसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
जागर्तु (active imperative singular third-person)
जागृताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
जाग्रतु (active imperative plural third-person)
जागृहि (active imperative second-person singular)
जागृतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
जागृत (active imperative plural second-person)
जागराणि (active first-person imperative singular)
जागराव (active dual first-person imperative)
जागराम (active first-person imperative plural)
जागृयात् (active imperative singular third-person)
जागृयाताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
जागृयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
जागृयाः (active imperative second-person singular)
जागृयातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
जागृयात (active imperative plural second-person)
जागृयाम् (active first-person imperative singular)
जागृयाव (active dual first-person imperative)
जागृयाम (active first-person imperative plural)
जागरत् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
जागरति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
जागरतः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
जागरन् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
जागरः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
जागरसि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
जागरथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
जागरथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
जागराणि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
जागरा (active first-person singular subjunctive)
जागराव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
जागराम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
जाग्रत् (active participle)
अजागः (imperfect)
अजागः (active indicative singular third-person)
अजागृताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अजाग्रुः (active indicative plural third-person)
अजागः (active indicative second-person singular)
अजागृतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अजागृत (active indicative plural second-person)
अजागरम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अजागृव (active dual first-person indicative)
अजागृम (active first-person indicative plural)

Pali: jaggati

→ Javanese: ꦗꦒ (jaga)

desctree

→ Malay: jaga
Baba Malay: jaga
Indonesian: jaga
→ Tagalog: alaga (“to take care”)
→ Malagasy: zaha (“to investigate”)
→ Min Nan: 若呀 (jia̍k-gâ)
→ Pattani Malay: جاݢاوْ / ยฺากฺอ (jagɔ)
→ Tausug: jaga
→ Ternate: jaga

Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀇 (jaggaï) (see there for further descendants)

/d͡ʑɑː.ɡɐ́ɾ.ti/

/d͡ʑɑːˈɡɐɾ.t̪i/

The present verb developed from the perfect जागार (jāgā́ra), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ge-h₁gór-e, from *h₁ger- (“to be awake, to awaken”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀-𐬖𐬭𐬁𐬭𐬀𐬫𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (fra-γrārayeⁱti), Ancient Greek ἐγείρω (egeírō, “to awaken”), Middle Persian wygrʼd (wiγrād) (whence Modern Persian بیدار (bidâr, “awake”)).

cog

𐬟𐬭𐬀-𐬖𐬭𐬁𐬭𐬀𐬫𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌


जहका

jáhakā (romanization)
जहका (nominative singular)
जहके (dual nominative)
जहकाः (nominative plural)
जहके (singular vocative)
जहके (dual vocative)
जहकाः (plural vocative)
जहकाम् (accusative singular)
जहके (accusative dual)
जहकाः (accusative plural)
जहकया (instrumental singular)
जहका1 (instrumental singular)
जहकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जहकाभिः (instrumental plural)
जहकायै (dative singular)
जहकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जहकाभ्यः (dative plural)
जहकायाः (ablative singular)
जहकायै2 (ablative singular)
जहकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जहकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
जहकायाः (genitive singular)
जहकायै2 (genitive singular)
जहकयोः (dual genitive)
जहकानाम् (genitive plural)
जहकायाम् (locative singular)
जहकयोः (dual locative)
जहकासु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀳𑀕 (jāhaga)

Sindhi: j̄āho

Arabic script: ڄاهو

Devanagari script: ॼाहो

Punjabi: jahā

Gurmukhi script: ਜਹਾ

Shahmukhi script: جَہا

/d͡ʑɐ́.ɦɐ.kɑː/

/ˈd͡ʑɐ.ɦɐ.kɑː/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ȷ́áźʰakas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰáǰʰukas, possibly from the BMAC substrate. Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬲𐬀𐬐𐬀 (dužaka), Middle Persian zwzk' (zūzag), Northern Kurdish jûjî.


परिचित

Pali: paricita

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀭𑀺𑀇𑀤 (pariida)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ފުރުދު (furudu)

Sinhalese: පුරුදු (purudu)

→ Hindi: परिचित (paricit)


रश्मि

raśmí (romanization)
f (rare)
रश्मिः (nominative singular)
रश्मी (dual nominative)
रश्मयः (nominative plural)
रश्मे (singular vocative)
रश्मी (dual vocative)
रश्मयः (plural vocative)
रश्मिम् (accusative singular)
रश्मी (accusative dual)
रश्मीन् (accusative plural)
रश्मिना (instrumental singular)
रश्म्या1 (instrumental singular)
रश्मिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रश्मिभिः (instrumental plural)
रश्मये (dative singular)
रश्मिभ्याम् (dative dual)
रश्मिभ्यः (dative plural)
रश्मेः (ablative singular)
रश्मिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रश्मिभ्यः (ablative plural)
रश्मेः (genitive singular)
रश्म्योः (dual genitive)
रश्मीनाम् (genitive plural)
रश्मौ (locative singular)
रश्मा1 (locative singular)
रश्म्योः (dual locative)
रश्मिषु (locative plural)
रश्मिः (nominative singular)
रश्मी (dual nominative)
रश्मयः (nominative plural)
रश्मे (singular vocative)
रश्मी (dual vocative)
रश्मयः (plural vocative)
रश्मिम् (accusative singular)
रश्मी (accusative dual)
रश्मीः (accusative plural)
रश्म्या (instrumental singular)
रश्मी1 (instrumental singular)
रश्मिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रश्मिभिः (instrumental plural)
रश्मये (dative singular)
रश्म्यै2 (dative singular)
रश्मी1 (dative singular)
रश्मिभ्याम् (dative dual)
रश्मिभ्यः (dative plural)
रश्मेः (ablative singular)
रश्म्याः2 (ablative singular)
रश्म्यै3 (ablative singular)
रश्मिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रश्मिभ्यः (ablative plural)
रश्मेः (genitive singular)
रश्म्याः2 (genitive singular)
रश्म्यै3 (genitive singular)
रश्म्योः (dual genitive)
रश्मीनाम् (genitive plural)
रश्मौ (locative singular)
रश्म्याम्2 (locative singular)
रश्मा1 (locative singular)
रश्म्योः (dual locative)
रश्मिषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Shina: رش (răš)

Pali: raṁsi, rasmi

→ Burmese: ရံသီ (ramsi)

→ Thai: รังสี (rang-sǐi)

Prakrit: 𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺 (rassi)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺 (rassi)

Hindustani: rās

Hindi: रास

Urdu: رَاس (rās)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ৰছী (rosi)

Bengali: রশি (rośi)

Bihari:

Maithili: रास (rās)

Odia: ରାସ (rāsa)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: रास (rās)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: रास (rās)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: rassī

Gurmukhi script: ਰੱਸੀ

Shahmukhi script: رَسَّی

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: rasi, rasī, raso, rāsī

desc

Arabic script: رَسِ, رَسِي, رَسو, رَاسِي

Devanagari script: रसि, रसी, रसो, रासी

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ރެސް (res)

Sinhalese: රැස (ræsa)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺 (rassi)

Marathi: रस्सी (rassī)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺 (rassi)

Gujarati: રાશ (rāś), રશ્રી (raśrī)

→ Khmer: រស្មី (rĕəʼsməy)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: raśmi
> Javanese: ꦫꦱ꧀ꦩꦶ (rasmi) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬭᬰ᭄ᬫᬶ (rasmi)

→ Thai: รัศมี (rát-sà-mǐi)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *raśmíṣ, form Proto-Indo-Iranian *raćmíš, from *rać- (“to bind, tie”), whence also रश्मन् (raśmán), रशना (raśanā́). Cognate with Middle Persian lsn' (rasan), Persian رسن (rasan). Compare also Old Armenian առասան (aṙasan), an Iranian borrowing.

परि॒ यो र॒श्मिना॑ दि॒वोऽन्ता॑न्म॒मे पृ॑थि॒व्याः।
उ॒भे आ प॑प्रौ॒ रोद॑सी महि॒त्वा॥
pári yó raśmínā divóʼntānmamé pṛthivyā́ḥ.

He who hath measured with his ray the boundaries of heaven and earth,
And with his majesty hath filled the two worlds full,


उद्भव

udbhava (romanization)
उद्भवः (nominative singular)
उद्भवौ (dual nominative)
उद्भवा1 (dual nominative)
उद्भवाः (nominative plural)
उद्भवासः1 (nominative plural)
उद्भव (singular vocative)
उद्भवौ (dual vocative)
उद्भवा1 (dual vocative)
उद्भवाः (plural vocative)
उद्भवासः1 (plural vocative)
उद्भवम् (accusative singular)
उद्भवौ (accusative dual)
उद्भवा1 (accusative dual)
उद्भवान् (accusative plural)
उद्भवेन (instrumental singular)
उद्भवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उद्भवैः (instrumental plural)
उद्भवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उद्भवाय (dative singular)
उद्भवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उद्भवेभ्यः (dative plural)
उद्भवात् (ablative singular)
उद्भवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उद्भवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उद्भवस्य (genitive singular)
उद्भवयोः (dual genitive)
उद्भवानाम् (genitive plural)
उद्भवे (locative singular)
उद्भवयोः (dual locative)
उद्भवेषु (locative plural)

[ˈud̪̚.bʱɐ.ʋɐ]

Compound of उद्- (ud-, “upon”) + भव (bhava, “origin”).


ममता

The feeling of 'meum', the sense of ownership, self-interest, selfishness


देवन्

deván (romanization)
देवा (nominative singular)
देवानौ (dual nominative)
देवाना1 (dual nominative)
देवानः (nominative plural)
देवन् (singular vocative)
देवानौ (dual vocative)
देवाना1 (dual vocative)
देवानः (plural vocative)
देवानम् (accusative singular)
देवानौ (accusative dual)
देवाना1 (accusative dual)
देव्नः (accusative plural)
देव्ना (instrumental singular)
देवभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
देवभिः (instrumental plural)
देव्ने (dative singular)
देवभ्याम् (dative dual)
देवभ्यः (dative plural)
देव्नः (ablative singular)
देवभ्याम् (ablative dual)
देवभ्यः (ablative plural)
देव्नः (genitive singular)
देव्नोः (dual genitive)
देव्नाम् (genitive plural)
देव्नि (locative singular)
देवनि (locative singular)
देवन्1 (locative singular)
देव्नोः (dual locative)
देवसु (locative plural)

/ˈd̪eː.ʋɐn̪/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *daHiwā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *daHiwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *dayh₂wḗr (“brother-in-law, husband's brother”). Cognate with Latin levir (“brother-in-law, husband’s brother”), Ancient Greek δᾱήρ (dāḗr, “brother-in-law, husband’s brother”), Old English tācor (“brother-in-law, husband’s brother”), Russian де́верь (déverʹ, “brother-in-law, husband’s brother”), Lithuanian dieveris (“brother-in-law, husband’s brother”).

cog

woman's brother-in-law, husband's brother


प्लिहन्

प्लीहन् प्लीहन्#Sanskrit


आचरति

sa-verb

आचरति • (ācarati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root आचर्)

ācarati (romanization)
आचर् (root)
आचरति (present)
आचरते (present)
आचर्यते (present)
आचरति (active indicative singular third-person)
आचरतः (active dual indicative third-person)
आचरन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
आचरते (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
आचरेते (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
आचरन्ते (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
आचर्यते (indicative passive singular third-person)
आचर्येते (dual indicative passive third-person)
आचर्यन्ते (indicative passive plural third-person)
आचरसि (active indicative second-person singular)
आचरथः (active dual indicative second-person)
आचरथ (active indicative plural second-person)
आचरसे (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
आचरेथे (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
आचरध्वे (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
आचर्यसे (indicative passive second-person singular)
आचर्येथे (dual indicative passive second-person)
आचर्यध्वे (indicative passive plural second-person)
आचरामि (active first-person indicative singular)
आचरावः (active dual first-person indicative)
आचरामः (active first-person indicative plural)
आचरे (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
आचरावहे (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
आचरामहे (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
आचर्ये (first-person indicative passive singular)
आचर्यावहे (dual first-person indicative passive)
आचर्यामहे (first-person indicative passive plural)
आचरतु (active indicative singular third-person)
आचरताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
आचरन्तु (active indicative plural third-person)
आचरताम् (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
आचरेताम् (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
आचरन्ताम् (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
आचर्यताम् (indicative passive singular third-person)
आचर्येताम् (dual indicative passive third-person)
आचर्यन्ताम् (indicative passive plural third-person)
आचर (active indicative second-person singular)
आचरतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
आचरत (active indicative plural second-person)
आचरस्व (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
आचरेथाम् (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
आचरध्वम् (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
आचर्यस्व (indicative passive second-person singular)
आचर्येथाम् (dual indicative passive second-person)
आचर्यध्वम् (indicative passive plural second-person)
आचराणि (active first-person indicative singular)
आचराव (active dual first-person indicative)
आचराम (active first-person indicative plural)
आचरै (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
आचरावहै (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
आचरामहै (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
आचर्यै (first-person indicative passive singular)
आचर्यावहै (dual first-person indicative passive)
आचर्यामहै (first-person indicative passive plural)
आचरेत् (active indicative singular third-person)
आचरेताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
आचरेयुः (active indicative plural third-person)
आचरेत (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
आचरेयाताम् (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
आचरेरन् (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
आचर्येत (indicative passive singular third-person)
आचर्येयाताम् (dual indicative passive third-person)
आचर्येरन् (indicative passive plural third-person)
आचरेः (active indicative second-person singular)
आचरेतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
आचरेत (active indicative plural second-person)
आचरेथाः (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
आचरेयाथाम् (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
आचरेध्वम् (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
आचर्येथाः (indicative passive second-person singular)
आचर्येयाथाम् (dual indicative passive second-person)
आचर्येध्वम् (indicative passive plural second-person)
आचरेयम् (active first-person indicative singular)
आचरेव (active dual first-person indicative)
आचरेमः (active first-person indicative plural)
आचरेय (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
आचरेवहि (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
आचरेमहि (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
आचर्येय (first-person indicative passive singular)
आचर्येवहि (dual first-person indicative passive)
आचर्येमहि (first-person indicative passive plural)
आचरत् (active participle singular)
or (active dual participle)
आचरन्त् (active participle plural)
आचरमान (middle-voice participle)
आचर्यमान (participle passive)
आचरत् (imperfect)
आचरत (imperfect)
आचर्यत (imperfect)
आचरत् (active indicative singular third-person)
आचरताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
आचरन् (active indicative plural third-person)
आचरत (indicative middle-voice singular third-person)
आचरेताम् (dual indicative middle-voice third-person)
आचरन्त (indicative middle-voice plural third-person)
आचर्यत (indicative passive singular third-person)
आचर्येताम् (dual indicative passive third-person)
आचर्यन्त (indicative passive plural third-person)
आचरः (active indicative second-person singular)
आचरतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
आचरत (active indicative plural second-person)
आचरथाः (indicative middle-voice second-person singular)
आचरेथाम् (dual indicative middle-voice second-person)
आचरध्वम् (indicative middle-voice plural second-person)
आचर्यथाः (indicative passive second-person singular)
आचर्येथाम् (dual indicative passive second-person)
आचर्यध्वम् (indicative passive plural second-person)
आचरम् (active first-person indicative singular)
आचराव (active dual first-person indicative)
आचराम (active first-person indicative plural)
आचरे (first-person indicative middle-voice singular)
आचरावहि (dual first-person indicative middle-voice)
आचरामहि (first-person indicative middle-voice plural)
आचर्ये (first-person indicative passive singular)
आचर्यावहि (dual first-person indicative passive)
आचर्यामहि (first-person indicative passive plural)
आचरिष्यति (future)
आचरिष्यते (future)
आचरिष्यति (active singular third-person)
आचरिष्यतः (active dual third-person)
आचरिष्यन्ति (active plural third-person)
आचरिष्यते (middle-voice passive singular third-person)
आचरिष्येते (dual middle-voice passive third-person)
आचरिष्यन्ते (middle-voice passive plural third-person)
आचरिष्यसि (active second-person singular)
आचरिष्यथः (active dual second-person)
आचरिष्यथ (active plural second-person)
आचरिष्यसे (middle-voice passive second-person singular)
आचरिष्येथे (dual middle-voice passive second-person)
आचरिष्यध्वे (middle-voice passive plural second-person)
आचरिष्यामि (active first-person singular)
आचरिष्यावः (active dual first-person)
आचरिष्यामः (active first-person plural)
आचरिष्ये (first-person middle-voice passive singular)
आचरिष्यावहे (dual first-person middle-voice passive)
आचरिष्यामहे (first-person middle-voice passive plural)
आचरिता (active singular third-person)
आचरितारौ (active dual third-person)
आचरितारः (active plural third-person)
आचरितासि (active second-person singular)
आचरितास्थः (active dual second-person)
आचरितास्थ (active plural second-person)
आचरितास्मि (active first-person singular)
आचरितास्वः (active dual first-person)
आचरितास्मः (active first-person plural)
आचरिष्यन्त् (active participle)
आचरिष्यमान (middle-voice participle passive)

/ˈɑː.t͡ɕɐ.ɾɐ.t̪i/

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

(with accusative) to approach, come near

नापृष्टः कस्य चिद्ब्रूयान्न चान्यायेन पृच्छतः ।
जानन्नपि हि मेधावी जडवल्लोक आचरेत् ॥
nāpṛṣṭaḥ kasya cidbrūyānna cānyāyena pṛcchataḥ.

jānannapi hi medhāvī jaḍavalloka ācaret.

गोरक्षकान्वाणिजिकांस्तथा कारुकुशीलवान् ।
प्रेष्यान्वार्धुषिकांश्चैव विप्रान्शूद्रवदाचरेत् ॥
gorakṣakānvāṇijikāṃstathā kārukuśīlavān.

चतुर्थकालं अश्नीयादक्षारलवणं मितम् ।
गोमूत्रेणाचरेत्स्नानं द्वौ मासौ नियतेन्द्रियः ॥
caturthakālaṃ aśnīyādakṣāralavaṇaṃ mitam.

gomūtreṇācaretsnānaṃ dvau māsau niyatendriyaḥ.

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


सपत्नी

sapátnī (romanization)
सपत्नी (nominative singular)
सपत्न्यौ (dual nominative)
सपत्नी1 (dual nominative)
सपत्न्यः (nominative plural)
सपत्नीः1 (nominative plural)
सपत्नि (singular vocative)
सपत्न्यौ (dual vocative)
सपत्नी1 (dual vocative)
सपत्न्यः (plural vocative)
सपत्नीः1 (plural vocative)
सपत्नीम् (accusative singular)
सपत्न्यौ (accusative dual)
सपत्नी1 (accusative dual)
सपत्नीः (accusative plural)
सपत्न्या (instrumental singular)
सपत्नीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सपत्नीभिः (instrumental plural)
सपत्न्यै (dative singular)
सपत्नीभ्याम् (dative dual)
सपत्नीभ्यः (dative plural)
सपत्न्याः (ablative singular)
सपत्न्यै2 (ablative singular)
सपत्नीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सपत्नीभ्यः (ablative plural)
सपत्न्याः (genitive singular)
सपत्न्यै2 (genitive singular)
सपत्न्योः (dual genitive)
सपत्नीनाम् (genitive plural)
सपत्न्याम् (locative singular)
सपत्न्योः (dual locative)
सपत्नीषु (locative plural)

Pali: sapattī

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (savattī)
Hindustani: saut
Hindi: सौत
Urdu: سوت
Old Marathi: savatī
Devanagari script: सवती
Modi script: 𑘭𑘪𑘝𑘲
Marathi: सवत (savat)

⇒ Prakrit: 𑀲𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀡𑀻 (savattiṇī)

Hindi: सौतन (sautan)

→ Hindi: सपत्नी (sapatnī) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sapátniH, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-pót-nih₂, from *sm̥- (“together, co-”) + *pótnih₂ (“wife”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬚𐬥𐬍 (hapaθnī, “co-wife”), Pashto بن (bën). By surface analysis, स- (sa-, copulative prefix) + पत्नी (pátnī, “wife”).

surf

इमां खनाम्योषधिं वीरुधं बलवत्तमाम्।
यया सपत्नीं बाधते यया संविन्दते पतिम्॥
imāṃ khanāmyoṣadhiṃ vīrudhaṃ balavattamām.

From out the earth I dig this plant, a herb of most effectual power,
Wherewith one quells the co-wife and gains the husband for herself.

yayā sapatnīṃ bādhate yayā saṃvindate patim.

दर्पान्निराकृता पूर्वं त्वया सौभाग्यवत्तया । राममाता सपत्नी ते कथं वैरं न शातयेत् ॥

Out of your fortune [being the favourite wife of the husband] you slighted her earlier with [your] pride. How will she, Rama's mother, your co-wife [[[Kausalya]]] remain without retaliating?

darpānnirākṛtā pūrvaṃ tvayā saubhāgyavattayā. rāmamātā sapatnī te kathaṃ vairaṃ na śātayet.

विद्धः सपत्न्य्उदितपत्त्रिभिरन्ति राज्ञो बालोऽपि सन्नुपगतस्तपसे वनानि । तस्मा अदाद् ध्रुवगतिं गृणते प्रसन्नो दिव्याः स्तुवन्ति मुनयो यदुपर्यधस्तात् ॥

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 2.7.8

Insulted by the sharp words [lit. arrows] spoken by the co-wife before the king, the boy [[[Dhruva]]] took to do tapas in forests. A pleased [[[Vishnu]]] gave to the extolling Dhruva, a firm position [as Polaris star], which is lauded even by divine munis.

viddhaḥ sapatnyuditapattribhiranti rājño bāloʼpi sannupagatastapase vanāni. tasmā adād dhruvagatiṃ gṛṇate prasanno divyāḥ stuvanti munayo yaduparyadhastāt.

a co-wife, rival wife; another wife of one’s polygamous husband


साद

sādá (romanization)
सादः (nominative singular)
सादौ (dual nominative)
सादा1 (dual nominative)
सादाः (nominative plural)
सादासः1 (nominative plural)
साद (singular vocative)
सादौ (dual vocative)
सादा1 (dual vocative)
सादाः (plural vocative)
सादासः1 (plural vocative)
सादम् (accusative singular)
सादौ (accusative dual)
सादा1 (accusative dual)
सादान् (accusative plural)
सादेन (instrumental singular)
सादाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सादैः (instrumental plural)
सादेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सादाय (dative singular)
सादाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सादेभ्यः (dative plural)
सादात् (ablative singular)
सादाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सादेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सादस्य (genitive singular)
सादयोः (dual genitive)
सादानाम् (genitive plural)
सादे (locative singular)
सादयोः (dual locative)
सादेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sādás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sādás, from Proto-Indo-European *sod-ó-s, from *sed- (“to sit”). Cognates include Old Church Slavonic ходъ (xodŭ) and Ancient Greek ὁδός (hodós).


वस्मन्

vásman (romanization)
वस्म (nominative singular)
वस्मनी (dual nominative)
वस्मानि (nominative plural)
वस्म1 (nominative plural)
वस्मा1 (nominative plural)
वस्मन् (singular vocative)
वस्म (singular vocative)
वस्मनी (dual vocative)
वस्मानि (plural vocative)
वस्म1 (plural vocative)
वस्मा1 (plural vocative)
वस्म (accusative singular)
वस्मनी (accusative dual)
वस्मानि (accusative plural)
वस्म1 (accusative plural)
वस्मा1 (accusative plural)
वस्मना (instrumental singular)
वस्मभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वस्मभिः (instrumental plural)
वस्मने (dative singular)
वस्मभ्याम् (dative dual)
वस्मभ्यः (dative plural)
वस्मनः (ablative singular)
वस्मभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वस्मभ्यः (ablative plural)
वस्मनः (genitive singular)
वस्मनोः (dual genitive)
वस्मनाम् (genitive plural)
वस्मनि (locative singular)
वस्मन्1 (locative singular)
वस्मनोः (dual locative)
वस्मसु (locative plural)

/ˈʋɐs̪.mɐn̪/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wásma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wásma, from Proto-Indo-European *wésmn̥, from the root *wes- (“to dress, clothe”). Cognate with Ancient Greek εἷμα (heîma).

वहिष्ठेभिर्विहरन्यासि तन्तुमवव्ययन्नसितं देव वस्म ।
दविध्वतो रश्मयः सूर्यस्य चर्मेवावाधुस्तमो अप्स्वन्तः ॥
vahiṣṭhebhirviharanyāsi tantumavavyayannasitaṃ deva vasma.

Spreading thy web with mightiest Steeds thou comest, rending apart, thou God, the black-hued mantle.
The rays of Surya tremulously shining sink, like a hide, the darkness in the waters.

davidhvato raśmayaḥ sūryasya carmevāvādhustamo apsvantaḥ.

अस्माकं मित्रावरुणावतं रथमादित्यै रुद्रैर्वसुभिः सचाभुवा ।
प्र यद्वयो न पप्तन्वस्मनस्परि श्रवस्यवो हृषीवन्तो वनर्षदः ॥
asmākaṃ mitrāvaruṇāvataṃ rathamādityai rudrairvasubhiḥ sacābhuvā.

HELP, Varuna and Mitra, O ye Twain allied with Vasus, Rudras, and Adityas, help our car,
That, as the wild birds of the forest from their home [nest], our horses may fly forth, glad, eager for renown.

pra yadvayo na paptanvasmanaspari śravasyavo hṛṣīvanto vanarṣadaḥ.


श्रुत

śrutá (romanization)
श्रुतः (nominative singular)
श्रुतौ (dual nominative)
श्रुता1 (dual nominative)
श्रुताः (nominative plural)
श्रुतासः1 (nominative plural)
श्रुत (singular vocative)
श्रुतौ (dual vocative)
श्रुता1 (dual vocative)
श्रुताः (plural vocative)
श्रुतासः1 (plural vocative)
श्रुतम् (accusative singular)
श्रुतौ (accusative dual)
श्रुता1 (accusative dual)
श्रुतान् (accusative plural)
श्रुतेन (instrumental singular)
श्रुताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रुतैः (instrumental plural)
श्रुतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्रुताय (dative singular)
श्रुताभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रुतेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रुतात् (ablative singular)
श्रुताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रुतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रुतस्य (genitive singular)
श्रुतयोः (dual genitive)
श्रुतानाम् (genitive plural)
श्रुते (locative singular)
श्रुतयोः (dual locative)
श्रुतेषु (locative plural)
श्रुता (nominative singular)
श्रुते (dual nominative)
श्रुताः (nominative plural)
श्रुते (singular vocative)
श्रुते (dual vocative)
श्रुताः (plural vocative)
श्रुताम् (accusative singular)
श्रुते (accusative dual)
श्रुताः (accusative plural)
श्रुतया (instrumental singular)
श्रुता1 (instrumental singular)
श्रुताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रुताभिः (instrumental plural)
श्रुतायै (dative singular)
श्रुताभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रुताभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रुतायाः (ablative singular)
श्रुतायै2 (ablative singular)
श्रुताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रुताभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रुतायाः (genitive singular)
श्रुतायै2 (genitive singular)
श्रुतयोः (dual genitive)
श्रुतानाम् (genitive plural)
श्रुतायाम् (locative singular)
श्रुतयोः (dual locative)
श्रुतासु (locative plural)
श्रुतम् (nominative singular)
श्रुते (dual nominative)
श्रुतानि (nominative plural)
श्रुता1 (nominative plural)
श्रुत (singular vocative)
श्रुते (dual vocative)
श्रुतानि (plural vocative)
श्रुता1 (plural vocative)
श्रुतम् (accusative singular)
श्रुते (accusative dual)
श्रुतानि (accusative plural)
श्रुता1 (accusative plural)
श्रुतेन (instrumental singular)
श्रुताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रुतैः (instrumental plural)
श्रुतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्रुताय (dative singular)
श्रुताभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रुतेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रुतात् (ablative singular)
श्रुताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रुतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रुतस्य (genitive singular)
श्रुतयोः (dual genitive)
श्रुतानाम् (genitive plural)
श्रुते (locative singular)
श्रुतयोः (dual locative)
श्रुतेषु (locative plural)

Pali: suta

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śrutás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćrutás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlutós, from *ḱlew- (“to hear”). Cognate with Old English hlūd (whence English loud).

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda


स्वनति

sa-verb

स्वनति • (svanati) third-singular indicative (root स्वन्)

From Proto-Indo-European *swenh₂- (“to make a sound, resound”). Cognate with Latin sonō and Old English swinsian. Compare also English sound, re-sonate and sonorous, Latin borrowings.


अरत्नि

aratní (romanization)
अरत्निः (nominative singular)
अरत्नी (dual nominative)
अरत्नयः (nominative plural)
अरत्ने (singular vocative)
अरत्नी (dual vocative)
अरत्नयः (plural vocative)
अरत्निम् (accusative singular)
अरत्नी (accusative dual)
अरत्नीन् (accusative plural)
अरत्निना (instrumental singular)
अरत्न्या1 (instrumental singular)
अरत्निभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अरत्निभिः (instrumental plural)
अरत्नये (dative singular)
अरत्निभ्याम् (dative dual)
अरत्निभ्यः (dative plural)
अरत्नेः (ablative singular)
अरत्निभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अरत्निभ्यः (ablative plural)
अरत्नेः (genitive singular)
अरत्न्योः (dual genitive)
अरत्नीनाम् (genitive plural)
अरत्नौ (locative singular)
अरत्ना1 (locative singular)
अरत्न्योः (dual locative)
अरत्निषु (locative plural)

Pali: ratani

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀭𑀬𑀡𑀺 (arayaṇi)

Southern:

Elu Prakrit:

desc

Dhivehi: ރިޔަން (riyan̊, “a unit of measure similar to a cubit”)

Sinhalese: රුයන (ruyana, “elbow”), රියන් (riyan, “cubit”)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਅਰਕ (arak)

Lahnda: اَرَک (arak)

Sindhi: ارڪ (irika, “elbow”)

/ɐˈɾɐt̪.n̪i/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haratníš (“elbow”), from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃l- (“elbow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬥𐬀 (ar^əθna), Persian آرنج (âranj), Ancient Greek ὠλένη (ōlénē, “elbow”), Latin ulna (“elbow”), English elbow.

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa

a unit of measure similar to the cubit, measuring from the elbow to the tip of the little finger


बोध

bodhá (romanization)
बोधः (nominative singular)
बोधौ (dual nominative)
बोधाः (nominative plural)
बोध (singular vocative)
बोधौ (dual vocative)
बोधाः (plural vocative)
बोधम् (accusative singular)
बोधौ (accusative dual)
बोधान् (accusative plural)
बोधेन (instrumental singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बोधैः (instrumental plural)
बोधाय (dative singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बोधेभ्यः (dative plural)
बोधात् (ablative singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बोधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बोधस्य (genitive singular)
बोधयोः (dual genitive)
बोधानाम् (genitive plural)
बोधे (locative singular)
बोधयोः (dual locative)
बोधेषु (locative plural)
बोधा (nominative singular)
बोधे (dual nominative)
बोधाः (nominative plural)
बोधे (singular vocative)
बोधे (dual vocative)
बोधाः (plural vocative)
बोधाम् (accusative singular)
बोधे (accusative dual)
बोधाः (accusative plural)
बोधया (instrumental singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बोधाभिः (instrumental plural)
बोधायै (dative singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बोधाभ्यः (dative plural)
बोधायाः (ablative singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बोधाभ्यः (ablative plural)
बोधायाः (genitive singular)
बोधयोः (dual genitive)
बोधानाम् (genitive plural)
बोधायाम् (locative singular)
बोधयोः (dual locative)
बोधासु (locative plural)
बोधम् (nominative singular)
बोधे (dual nominative)
बोधानि (nominative plural)
बोध (singular vocative)
बोधे (dual vocative)
बोधानि (plural vocative)
बोधम् (accusative singular)
बोधे (accusative dual)
बोधानि (accusative plural)
बोधेन (instrumental singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बोधैः (instrumental plural)
बोधाय (dative singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बोधेभ्यः (dative plural)
बोधात् (ablative singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बोधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बोधस्य (genitive singular)
बोधयोः (dual genitive)
बोधानाम् (genitive plural)
बोधे (locative singular)
बोधयोः (dual locative)
बोधेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of बोध

Feminine ā-stem declension of बोध

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">बोध</i>


बोध

bodhá (romanization)
बोधः (nominative singular)
बोधौ (dual nominative)
बोधा1 (dual nominative)
बोधाः (nominative plural)
बोधासः1 (nominative plural)
बोध (singular vocative)
बोधौ (dual vocative)
बोधा1 (dual vocative)
बोधाः (plural vocative)
बोधासः1 (plural vocative)
बोधम् (accusative singular)
बोधौ (accusative dual)
बोधा1 (accusative dual)
बोधान् (accusative plural)
बोधेन (instrumental singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बोधैः (instrumental plural)
बोधेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बोधाय (dative singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बोधेभ्यः (dative plural)
बोधात् (ablative singular)
बोधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बोधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बोधस्य (genitive singular)
बोधयोः (dual genitive)
बोधानाम् (genitive plural)
बोधे (locative singular)
बोधयोः (dual locative)
बोधेषु (locative plural)

waking, becoming or being awake, consciousness

perception, apprehension, thought, knowledge, understanding, intelligence

knowledge personified as a son of Buddhi


उल्का

ulkā́ (romanization)
उल्का (nominative singular)
उल्के (dual nominative)
उल्काः (nominative plural)
उल्के (singular vocative)
उल्के (dual vocative)
उल्काः (plural vocative)
उल्काम् (accusative singular)
उल्के (accusative dual)
उल्काः (accusative plural)
उल्कया (instrumental singular)
उल्का1 (instrumental singular)
उल्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उल्काभिः (instrumental plural)
उल्कायै (dative singular)
उल्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
उल्काभ्यः (dative plural)
उल्कायाः (ablative singular)
उल्कायै2 (ablative singular)
उल्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उल्काभ्यः (ablative plural)
उल्कायाः (genitive singular)
उल्कायै2 (genitive singular)
उल्कयोः (dual genitive)
उल्कानाम् (genitive plural)
उल्कायाम् (locative singular)
उल्कयोः (dual locative)
उल्कासु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: उल्का (ulkā)

→ Kannada: ಉಲ್ಕೆ (ulke)

→ Malayalam: ഉല്ക (ulka)

→ Telugu: ఉల్క (ulka)

Uncertain. Probably related to वर्चस् (várcas-, “lustre”). Maybe related to Latin Vulcānus.


उत्तराधिकारी

sa-noun

उत्तराधिकारी • (úttarādhikārī) stem, m

/ut̪.t̪ɐ.ɾɑː.d̪ʱiˈkɑː.ɾiː/

[ut̪̚.t̪ɐ.ɾɑː.d̪ʱiˈkɑː.ɾiː]

उत्तराधिकारिन् उत्तराधिकारिन्

masculine nominative singular of उत्तराधिकारिन् (úttarādhikārin, “successor”)


अश्विनी

aśvinī (romanization)
अश्विनी (nominative singular)
अश्विन्यौ (dual nominative)
अश्विनी1 (dual nominative)
अश्विन्यः (nominative plural)
अश्विनीः1 (nominative plural)
अश्विनि (singular vocative)
अश्विन्यौ (dual vocative)
अश्विनी1 (dual vocative)
अश्विन्यः (plural vocative)
अश्विनीः1 (plural vocative)
अश्विनीम् (accusative singular)
अश्विन्यौ (accusative dual)
अश्विनी1 (accusative dual)
अश्विनीः (accusative plural)
अश्विन्या (instrumental singular)
अश्विनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्विनीभिः (instrumental plural)
अश्विन्यै (dative singular)
अश्विनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्विनीभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्विन्याः (ablative singular)
अश्विन्यै2 (ablative singular)
अश्विनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्विनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्विन्याः (genitive singular)
अश्विन्यै2 (genitive singular)
अश्विन्योः (dual genitive)
अश्विनीनाम् (genitive plural)
अश्विन्याम् (locative singular)
अश्विन्योः (dual locative)
अश्विनीषु (locative plural)

Hindi: अश्विनी (aśvinī)

→ Thai: อัศวินี (àt-sà-wí-nii)

→ Tocharian B: Aśviṇi

feminine nominative singular of अश्विन् (aśvin)

Aśvini wife and/or mother of the two Aśvins (goddess)


प्लवते

sa-verb

प्लवते • (plávate) third-singular indicative (root प्लु)

Bengali: প্লবতা (plobota)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pláwatay, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pláwatay, from Proto-Indo-European *pléw-e-ti, from *plew- (“to float, swim”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬯𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬃𐬥𐬙𐬈 (usfrauuā̊nte), Ancient Greek πλέω (pléō, “to float, sail”), Old English flotian (whence English float).


शंसति

sa-verb

शंसति • (śáṃsati) third-singular indicative (root शंस्)

/ˈɕɐ̃.s̪ɐ.t̪i/

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱéns-e-ti, from *ḱens- (“to announce, proclaim”). Cognate with Latin cēnseō, Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos), Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬢𐬵 (saŋh, “to declare”), Polish sądzić.

प्र तत्ते अद्य शिपिविष्ट नामार्यः शंसामि वयुनानि विद्वान् ।
तं त्वा गृणामि तवसमतव्यान्क्षयन्तमस्य रजसः पराके ॥
pra tatte adya śipiviṣṭa nāmāryaḥ śaṃsāmi vayunāni vidvān.

To-day I laud this name, O Shipivista, I, skilled in rules, the name of thee the Noble.
Yea, I the poor and weak praise thee the Mighty who dwellest in the realm beyond this region.

taṃ tvā gṛṇāmi tavasamatavyānkṣayantamasya rajasaḥ parāke.


भानु

bhānú (romanization)
भानुः (nominative singular)
भानू (dual nominative)
भानवः (nominative plural)
भानो (singular vocative)
भानू (dual vocative)
भानवः (plural vocative)
भानुम् (accusative singular)
भानू (accusative dual)
भानून् (accusative plural)
भानुना (instrumental singular)
भान्वा1 (instrumental singular)
भानुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भानुभिः (instrumental plural)
भानवे (dative singular)
भान्वे1 (dative singular)
भानुभ्याम् (dative dual)
भानुभ्यः (dative plural)
भानोः (ablative singular)
भान्वः1 (ablative singular)
भानुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भानुभ्यः (ablative plural)
भानोः (genitive singular)
भान्वः1 (genitive singular)
भान्वोः (dual genitive)
भानूनाम् (genitive plural)
भानौ (locative singular)
भान्वोः (dual locative)
भानुषु (locative plural)
भानुः (nominative singular)
भानू (dual nominative)
भानवः (nominative plural)
भानो (singular vocative)
भानू (dual vocative)
भानवः (plural vocative)
भानुम् (accusative singular)
भानू (accusative dual)
भानूः (accusative plural)
भान्वा (instrumental singular)
भानुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भानुभिः (instrumental plural)
भानवे (dative singular)
भान्वै1 (dative singular)
भानुभ्याम् (dative dual)
भानुभ्यः (dative plural)
भानोः (ablative singular)
भान्वाः1 (ablative singular)
भान्वै2 (ablative singular)
भानुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भानुभ्यः (ablative plural)
भानोः (genitive singular)
भान्वाः1 (genitive singular)
भान्वै2 (genitive singular)
भान्वोः (dual genitive)
भानूनाम् (genitive plural)
भानौ (locative singular)
भान्वाम्1 (locative singular)
भान्वोः (dual locative)
भानुषु (locative plural)

Tamil: பானு (pāṉu)

Bengali: ভানু (bhanu)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰaHnúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰaHnúš, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-nú-s, from *bʰeh₂- (“to shine, glow light”), whence भाति (bhā́ti, “to shine”). Cognate with Ancient Greek φῶς (phôs), Latin iubar.

ए॒ता उ॒ त्या उ॒षस॑: के॒तुम॑क्रत॒ पूर्वे॒ अर्धे॒ रज॑सो भा॒नुम॑ञ्जते।
नि॒ष्कृ॒ण्वा॒ना आयु॑धानीव धृ॒ष्णव॒: प्रति॒ गावोऽरु॑षीर्यन्ति मा॒तर॑:॥
etā́ u tyā́ uṣása: ketúmakrata pū́rve árdhe rájaso bhānúmañjate.

These divinities of the morning have spread light over the world; they make and manifest the light in the eastern portion of the firmament, brightening all things, like warriors burnishing their weapons; the radiant and progressing mothers of the earth, they travel daily on their course.

niṣkṛṇvānā́ ā́yudhānīva dhṛṣṇáva: práti gā́vóʼruṣīryanti mātára:.


स्रेधति

स्रेधति • (srédhati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root स्रिध्)

srédhati (romanization)
स्रिध् (root)
pronounced sráidhati (romanization)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sráydʰati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sráydʰati, from Proto-Indo-European *sléydʰ-e-ti, from *sleydʰ- (“slippery”). Cognate with Old English slīdan (whence English slide).

न स जीयते मरुतो न हन्यते न स्रेधति न व्यथते न रिष्यति।
नास्य राय उप दस्यन्ति नोतय ऋषिं वा यं राजानं वा सुषूदथ॥
na sa jīyate maruto na hanyate na sredhati na vyathate na riṣyati.

Never is he, O Maruts, slain or overcome, never doth he decay ne' er is distressed or harmed;
His treasures, his resources, never waste away, whom. whether he be prince or Rsi, ye direct.

nāsya rāya upa dasyanti notaya ṛṣiṃ vā yaṃ rājānaṃ vā suṣūdatha.


उष्णकाल

uṣṇakāla (romanization)
उष्णकालः (nominative singular)
उष्णकालौ (dual nominative)
उष्णकालाः (nominative plural)
उष्णकाल (singular vocative)
उष्णकालौ (dual vocative)
उष्णकालाः (plural vocative)
उष्णकालम् (accusative singular)
उष्णकालौ (accusative dual)
उष्णकालान् (accusative plural)
उष्णकालेन (instrumental singular)
उष्णकालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उष्णकालैः (instrumental plural)
उष्णकालाय (dative singular)
उष्णकालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उष्णकालेभ्यः (dative plural)
उष्णकालात् (ablative singular)
उष्णकालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उष्णकालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उष्णकालस्य (genitive singular)
उष्णकालयोः (dual genitive)
उष्णकालानाम् (genitive plural)
उष्णकाले (locative singular)
उष्णकालयोः (dual locative)
उष्णकालेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of उष्णकाल

उष्णकालाभ्याम्

उष्णकालाभ्याम्

उष्णकालेभ्यः

उष्णकालाभ्याम्

उष्णकालेभ्यः

उष्णकालानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

उष्णकालाभ्याम्

उष्णकालाभ्याम्

उष्णकालेभ्यः

उष्णकालाभ्याम्

उष्णकालेभ्यः

उष्णकालानाम्

Maharastri Prakrit:

Old Marathi: उन्हाळा (unhāḷā)

Marathi: उन्हाळा (unhāḷā)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: ઉનાળો (unāḷo)

/uʂ.ɳɐˈkɑː.l̪ɐ/

उष्ण (uṣṇa, “heat”) + काल (kāla, “season; time”).

compound

उष्णकाले तु गुञ्जैकं ताम्बूलपत्रसंयुतम् ।
चन्द्रवृद्ध्या सदा भक्ष्यं यावत षोडशगुञ्जकम् ॥
uṣṇakāle tu guñjaikaṃ tāmbūlapatrasaṃyutam.

c. 1550, Niyanātha Siddha, Rasaratnākara 2.2.40

candravṛddhyā sadā bhakṣyaṃ yāvata ṣoḍaśaguñjakam.


शोध

Old Marathi: सूड (sūḍa)

Marathi: सूड (sūḍ)

→ Hindi: शोध (śodh)


हेषस्

héṣas (romanization)
हेषः (nominative singular)
हेषसी (dual nominative)
हेषांसि (nominative plural)
हेषः (singular vocative)
हेषसी (dual vocative)
हेषांसि (plural vocative)
हेषः (accusative singular)
हेषसी (accusative dual)
हेषांसि (accusative plural)
हेषसा (instrumental singular)
हेषोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हेषोभिः (instrumental plural)
हेषसे (dative singular)
हेषोभ्याम् (dative dual)
हेषोभ्यः (dative plural)
हेषसः (ablative singular)
हेषोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हेषोभ्यः (ablative plural)
हेषसः (genitive singular)
हेषसोः (dual genitive)
हेषसाम् (genitive plural)
हेषसि (locative singular)
हेषसोः (dual locative)
हेषःसु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰáyṣas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰáyšas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéysos ~ ǵʰéyses-, from *ǵʰey- (“to drive, throw, wound”). Cognate with Ancient Greek χαῖος (khaîos, “shepherd's staff”), Old Irish gae (“spear”), Old English gār (“spear”). The Sanskrit root is हेष् (heṣ).


कुठार

kuṭhāra (romanization)
कुठारः (nominative singular)
कुठारौ (dual nominative)
कुठाराः (nominative plural)
कुठार (singular vocative)
कुठारौ (dual vocative)
कुठाराः (plural vocative)
कुठारम् (accusative singular)
कुठारौ (accusative dual)
कुठारान् (accusative plural)
कुठारेण (instrumental singular)
कुठाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुठारैः (instrumental plural)
कुठाराय (dative singular)
कुठाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुठारेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुठारात् (ablative singular)
कुठाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुठारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुठारस्य (genitive singular)
कुठारयोः (dual genitive)
कुठाराणाम् (genitive plural)
कुठारे (locative singular)
कुठारयोः (dual locative)
कुठारेषु (locative plural)

Pali: kuṭhārī

desc

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀠𑀸𑀭 (kuḍhāra), 𑀓𑀼𑀳𑀸𑀟 (kuhāḍa)

Bengali: কুড়াল (kuṛal), কুড়ালি (kuṛali), কুড়ুল (kuṛul)

Gujarati: કુહાડો (kuhāḍo), કુહાડી (kuhāḍī)

Hindustani:

Hindi: कुल्हाड़ा (kulhāṛā), कुल्हाड़ी (kulhāṛī)

Urdu: کُلْہَاڑَا (kulhāṛā), کُلْہَاڑِی (kulhāṛī)

Punjabi: ਕੁਹਾੜਾ (kuhāṛā, “axe”), ਕਹੀ (kahī, “hoe, spade”), ਕੁਲ੍ਹਾੜਾ (kulhāṛā)

Old Marathi: 𑘎𑘳𑘨𑘿𑘮𑘰𑘚 (kurhāḍa), 𑘎𑘳𑘨𑘿𑘮𑘰𑘚𑘲 (kurhāḍī)

Marathi: कुऱ्हाड (kurhāḍ), कुर्हाडी (kurhāḍī)

Odia: କୁଡ଼ାଲ (kuṛāla), କୁରାଢ଼ (kurāṛha), କୁରାଢ଼ି (kurāṛhi), କୁର୍ହାଡ଼ି (kurhāṛi), କୁଡ଼ାରି (kuṛāri)

Sindhi: ڪُهاڙو, ڪُهاڙيِ

Sindhi: ڪُهاڙو, ڪُهاڙيِ

→ Assamese: কুঠাৰ (kuthar) (learned)

→ Tamil: குடாரி (kuṭāri) (learned)

/ku.ʈʰɑː.ɾɐ/

/kuˈʈʰɑː.ɾɐ/

Unknown.
Turner and some earlier sources argue for a borrowing from Dravidian (compare modern Tamil குடாரி (kuṭāri, “axe”)). However, Burrow convincingly showed that the Dravidian terms cannot be original (due to unusual vowel length in the Tamil and Malayalam terms) and are likely borrowed or derived from Sanskrit.
Proponents of Fortunatov's law have supported inheritance from Proto-Indo-European *kl̥tḗr, with Latin culter (“butcher's knife”) as a cognate. Burrow compares Sanskrit कुलिश (kuliśa, “axe”) as evidence for a root *kul-. However, the formation of the Indo-European source is unusual and the aspiration in the Sanskrit word is still unexplained.


लोक्

head

लोक् • (lok)

sa-root

लोक् • (lok)

From a denominalization of लोक (loka, “space, world, sight”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“light”) in the sense of "illuminating" and connected to रुच् (ruc, “to shine, illuminate”).


वम्र

vamrá (romanization)
वम्रः (nominative singular)
वम्रौ (dual nominative)
वम्राः (nominative plural)
वम्र (singular vocative)
वम्रौ (dual vocative)
वम्राः (plural vocative)
वम्रम् (accusative singular)
वम्रौ (accusative dual)
वम्रान् (accusative plural)
वम्रेण (instrumental singular)
वम्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वम्रैः (instrumental plural)
वम्राय (dative singular)
वम्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
वम्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
वम्रात् (ablative singular)
वम्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वम्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वम्रस्य (genitive singular)
वम्रयोः (dual genitive)
वम्राणाम् (genitive plural)
वम्रे (locative singular)
वम्रयोः (dual locative)
वम्रेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of वम्र

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wamrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *marwíš, *warmíš, *wamrás, from Proto-Indo-European *morwi-. Compare Latin formīca, Ancient Greek μύρμηξ (múrmēx), Old Church Slavonic мравии (mravii), Old Irish moirb, English mire (“ant (obsolete)”).


उपार्जन

upārjana (romanization)
उपार्जनम् (nominative singular)
उपार्जने (dual nominative)
उपार्जनानि (nominative plural)
उपार्जना1 (nominative plural)
उपार्जन (singular vocative)
उपार्जने (dual vocative)
उपार्जनानि (plural vocative)
उपार्जना1 (plural vocative)
उपार्जनम् (accusative singular)
उपार्जने (accusative dual)
उपार्जनानि (accusative plural)
उपार्जना1 (accusative plural)
उपार्जनेन (instrumental singular)
उपार्जनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उपार्जनैः (instrumental plural)
उपार्जनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उपार्जनाय (dative singular)
उपार्जनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उपार्जनेभ्यः (dative plural)
उपार्जनात् (ablative singular)
उपार्जनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उपार्जनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उपार्जनस्य (genitive singular)
उपार्जनयोः (dual genitive)
उपार्जनानाम् (genitive plural)
उपार्जने (locative singular)
उपार्जनयोः (dual locative)
उपार्जनेषु (locative plural)

/uˈpɑːɾ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/

From उप- (upa-) + अर्ज् (arj) + -अन (-ana).

तावर्थोपार्जननिमित्तं देशान्तरं गतौ

c. 300 BCE, Pañcatantra Dharmabuddhi ca duṣṭabuddhi

thus, having the acquisition of wealth in mind, they went to another region


मृष्यति

sa-verb

मृष्यति • (mṛṣyati) third-singular indicative (root मृष्)

mṛṣyati (romanization)
मृष् (root)
मृष्यति (active person present singular third-person)
मृष्यतः (active dual person present third-person)
मृष्यन्ति (active person plural present third-person)
मृष्यते (middle-voice person present singular third-person)
मृष्येते (dual middle-voice person present third-person)
मृष्यन्ते (middle-voice person plural present third-person)
मृष्यते (passive person present singular third-person)
मृष्येते (dual passive person present third-person)
मृष्यन्ते (passive person plural present third-person)
मृष्यसि (active person present second-person singular)
मृष्यथः (active dual person present second-person)
मृष्यथ (active person plural present second-person)
मृष्यसे (middle-voice person present second-person singular)
मृष्येथे (dual middle-voice person present second-person)
मृष्यध्वे (middle-voice person plural present second-person)
मृष्यसे (passive person present second-person singular)
मृष्येथे (dual passive person present second-person)
मृष्यध्वे (passive person plural present second-person)
मृष्यामि (active first-person person present singular)
मृष्यावः (active dual first-person person present)
मृष्यामः (active first-person person plural present)
मृष्ये (first-person middle-voice person present singular)
मृष्यावहे (dual first-person middle-voice person present)
मृष्यामहे (first-person middle-voice person plural present)
मृष्ये (first-person passive person present singular)
मृष्यावहे (dual first-person passive person present)
मृष्यामहे (first-person passive person plural present)
अमृष्यत् (active past person singular third-person)
अमृष्यताम् (active dual past person third-person)
अमृष्यन् (active past person plural third-person)
अमृष्यत (middle-voice past person singular third-person)
अमृष्येताम् (dual middle-voice past person third-person)
अमृष्यन्त (middle-voice past person plural third-person)
अमृष्यत (passive past person singular third-person)
अमृष्येताम् (dual passive past person third-person)
अमृष्यन्त (passive past person plural third-person)
अमृष्यः (active past person second-person singular)
अमृष्यतम् (active dual past person second-person)
अमृष्यत (active past person plural second-person)
अमृष्यथाः (middle-voice past person second-person singular)
अमृष्येथाम् (dual middle-voice past person second-person)
अमृष्यध्वम् (middle-voice past person plural second-person)
अमृष्यथाः (passive past person second-person singular)
अमृष्येथाम् (dual passive past person second-person)
अमृष्यध्वम् (passive past person plural second-person)
अमृष्यम् (active first-person past person singular)
अमृष्याव (active dual first-person past person)
अमृष्याम (active first-person past person plural)
अमृष्ये (first-person middle-voice past person singular)
अमृष्यावहि (dual first-person middle-voice past person)
अमृष्यामहि (first-person middle-voice past person plural)
अमृष्ये (first-person passive past person singular)
अमृष्यावहि (dual first-person passive past person)
अमृष्यामहि (first-person passive past person plural)
मृष्यतु (active imperative person singular third-person)
मृष्यताम् (active dual imperative person third-person)
मृष्यन्तु (active imperative person plural third-person)
मृष्यताम् (imperative middle-voice person singular third-person)
मृष्येताम् (dual imperative middle-voice person third-person)
मृष्यन्ताम् (imperative middle-voice person plural third-person)
मृष्यताम् (imperative passive person singular third-person)
मृष्येताम् (dual imperative passive person third-person)
मृष्यन्ताम् (imperative passive person plural third-person)
मृष्य (active imperative person second-person singular)
मृष्यतम् (active dual imperative person second-person)
मृष्यत (active imperative person plural second-person)
मृष्यस्व (imperative middle-voice person second-person singular)
मृष्येथाम् (dual imperative middle-voice person second-person)
मृष्यध्वम् (imperative middle-voice person plural second-person)
मृष्यस्व (imperative passive person second-person singular)
मृष्येथाम् (dual imperative passive person second-person)
मृष्यध्वम् (imperative passive person plural second-person)
मृष्याणि (active first-person imperative person singular)
मृष्याव (active dual first-person imperative person)
मृष्याम (active first-person imperative person plural)
मृष्यै (first-person imperative middle-voice person singular)
मृष्यावहै (dual first-person imperative middle-voice person)
मृष्यामहै (first-person imperative middle-voice person plural)
मृष्यै (first-person imperative passive person singular)
मृष्यावहै (dual first-person imperative passive person)
मृष्यामहै (first-person imperative passive person plural)
मृष्येत् (active person potential singular third-person)
मृष्येताम् (active dual person potential third-person)
मृष्येयुः (active person plural potential third-person)
मृष्येत (middle-voice person potential singular third-person)
मृष्येयाताम् (dual middle-voice person potential third-person)
मृष्येरन् (middle-voice person plural potential third-person)
मृष्येत (passive person potential singular third-person)
मृष्येयाताम् (dual passive person potential third-person)
मृष्येरन् (passive person plural potential third-person)
मृष्येः (active person potential second-person singular)
मृष्येतम् (active dual person potential second-person)
मृष्येत (active person plural potential second-person)
मृष्येथाः (middle-voice person potential second-person singular)
मृष्येयाथाम् (dual middle-voice person potential second-person)
मृष्येध्वम् (middle-voice person plural potential second-person)
मृष्येथाः (passive person potential second-person singular)
मृष्येयाथाम् (dual passive person potential second-person)
मृष्येध्वम् (passive person plural potential second-person)
मृष्येयम् (active first-person person potential singular)
मृष्येव (active dual first-person person potential)
मृष्येम (active first-person person plural potential)
मृष्येय (first-person middle-voice person potential singular)
मृष्येवहि (dual first-person middle-voice person potential)
मृष्येमहि (first-person middle-voice person plural potential)
मृष्येय (first-person passive person potential singular)
मृष्येवहि (dual first-person passive person potential)
मृष्येमहि (first-person passive person plural potential)
मर्षिष्यति (active future person singular third-person)
मर्षिष्यतः (active dual future person third-person)
मर्षिष्यन्ति (active future person plural third-person)
मर्षिष्यते (future middle-voice person singular third-person)
मर्षिष्येते (dual future middle-voice person third-person)
मर्षिष्यन्ते (future middle-voice person plural third-person)
मर्षिष्यसि (active future person second-person singular)
मर्षिष्यथः (active dual future person second-person)
मर्षिष्यथ (active future person plural second-person)
मर्षिष्यसे (future middle-voice person second-person singular)
मर्षिष्येथे (dual future middle-voice person second-person)
मर्षिष्यध्वे (future middle-voice person plural second-person)
मर्षिष्यामि (active first-person future person singular)
मर्षिष्यावः (active dual first-person future person)
मर्षिष्यामः (active first-person future person plural)
मर्षिष्ये (first-person future middle-voice person singular)
मर्षिष्यावहे (dual first-person future middle-voice person)
मर्षिष्यामहे (first-person future middle-voice person plural)
मर्षिता (active future person singular third-person)
मर्षितारौ (active dual future person third-person)
मर्षितारः (active future person plural third-person)
मर्षितासि (active future person second-person singular)
मर्षितास्थः (active dual future person second-person)
मर्षितास्थ (active future person plural second-person)
मर्षितास्मि (active first-person future person singular)
मर्षितास्वः (active dual first-person future person)
मर्षितास्मः (active first-person future person plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *mer-s- (“to forget, neglect; to confuse, trouble”). Cognate with Middle Persian plʾmwštn (fra-muštan, “to forget”), Latvian aizmirst (“to forget”), Tocharian A märs- (“to forget”), Lithuanian miršti, Old Armenian մոռանամ (moṙanam).


स्तृणाति

sa-verb

स्तृणाति • (stṛnā́ti) third-singular indicative (root स्तॄ)

/s̪t̪r̩ˈɳɑː.t̪i/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *str̥náHti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *str̥náHti, from Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- (“to scatter, spread, strew”). Cognate with Latin sternō (“I bestrew, sprinkle”), Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (stər^ənāⁱti), Ancient Greek στόρνῡμι (stórnūmi), Old Church Slavonic (о-)строуити ((o-)struiti), Old English strewian (whence English strew).

cog

(о-)строуити


साधना

sādhanā (romanization)
साधना (nominative singular)
साधने (dual nominative)
साधनाः (nominative plural)
साधने (singular vocative)
साधने (dual vocative)
साधनाः (plural vocative)
साधनाम् (accusative singular)
साधने (accusative dual)
साधनाः (accusative plural)
साधनया (instrumental singular)
साधना1 (instrumental singular)
साधनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
साधनाभिः (instrumental plural)
साधनायै (dative singular)
साधनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
साधनाभ्यः (dative plural)
साधनायाः (ablative singular)
साधनायै2 (ablative singular)
साधनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
साधनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
साधनायाः (genitive singular)
साधनायै2 (genitive singular)
साधनयोः (dual genitive)
साधनानाम् (genitive plural)
साधनायाम् (locative singular)
साधनयोः (dual locative)
साधनासु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: साधना (sādhnā) (learned)

/sɑ́ː.dʱɐ.nɑː/

/ˈs̪ɑː.d̪ʱɐ.n̪ɑː/

From the root साध् (sādh) + -अना (-anā).


आदेश

ādeśa (romanization)
आदेशः (nominative singular)
आदेशौ (dual nominative)
आदेशा1 (dual nominative)
आदेशाः (nominative plural)
आदेशासः1 (nominative plural)
आदेश (singular vocative)
आदेशौ (dual vocative)
आदेशा1 (dual vocative)
आदेशाः (plural vocative)
आदेशासः1 (plural vocative)
आदेशम् (accusative singular)
आदेशौ (accusative dual)
आदेशा1 (accusative dual)
आदेशान् (accusative plural)
आदेशेन (instrumental singular)
आदेशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आदेशैः (instrumental plural)
आदेशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आदेशाय (dative singular)
आदेशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आदेशेभ्यः (dative plural)
आदेशात् (ablative singular)
आदेशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आदेशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आदेशस्य (genitive singular)
आदेशयोः (dual genitive)
आदेशानाम् (genitive plural)
आदेशे (locative singular)
आदेशयोः (dual locative)
आदेशेषु (locative plural)

Pali: ādesa

Prakrit: 𑀆𑀏𑀲 (āesa)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Old Awadhi: आयसु (āyasu)

Old Gujarati: आएस (āesa)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: ආඉසො (āiso)

→ Dhivehi: އާދޭއްސަ (ādēssa) (learned)

→ Sinhalese: ආදෙස (ādesa) (learned)

/ɑː.dɐj.ɕɐ́/

/ɑːˈd̪eː.ɕɐ/


बजाय

/bɐˈd͡ʑɑː.jɐ/


ज्ञात

head

ज्ञात • (jñātá)

→ Assamese: জ্ঞাত (gyat) (learned)

→ Bengali: জ্ঞাত (gễtô) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: ज्ञात (jñāt)

Urdu: گیات (gyāt)

→ Marathi: ज्ञात (jñāt) (learned)

→ Odia: ଜ୍ଞାତ (jñāta) (learned)

→ Punjabi: (learned)

Gurmukhi script: ਗਿਆਤ (giāta)

Shahmukhi script: گیات (gyāt)

→ Tamil: ஞாதம் (ñātam) (learned)

→ Telugu: జ్ఞాతము (jñātamu) (learned)

/d͡ʑɲɑː.tɐ́/

/ˈd͡ʑɲɑː.t̪ɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ȷ́naHtás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́naHtás, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós, from *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). Cognate with Old Irish gnáth, Latin nōtus. Equivalent to ज्ञा (jñā) + -त (-ta).


श्लक्ष्ण

sa-adj

श्लक्ष्ण • (ślakṣṇá) stem

ślakṣṇá (romanization)
श्लक्ष्णः (nominative singular)
श्लक्ष्णौ (dual nominative)
श्लक्ष्णा1 (dual nominative)
श्लक्ष्णाः (nominative plural)
श्लक्ष्णासः1 (nominative plural)
श्लक्ष्ण (singular vocative)
श्लक्ष्णौ (dual vocative)
श्लक्ष्णा1 (dual vocative)
श्लक्ष्णाः (plural vocative)
श्लक्ष्णासः1 (plural vocative)
श्लक्ष्णम् (accusative singular)
श्लक्ष्णौ (accusative dual)
श्लक्ष्णा1 (accusative dual)
श्लक्ष्णान् (accusative plural)
श्लक्ष्णेन (instrumental singular)
श्लक्ष्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्लक्ष्णैः (instrumental plural)
श्लक्ष्णेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्लक्ष्णाय (dative singular)
श्लक्ष्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्लक्ष्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्लक्ष्णात् (ablative singular)
श्लक्ष्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्लक्ष्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्लक्ष्णस्य (genitive singular)
श्लक्ष्णयोः (dual genitive)
श्लक्ष्णानाम् (genitive plural)
श्लक्ष्णे (locative singular)
श्लक्ष्णयोः (dual locative)
श्लक्ष्णेषु (locative plural)
श्लक्ष्णा (nominative singular)
श्लक्ष्णे (dual nominative)
श्लक्ष्णाः (nominative plural)
श्लक्ष्णे (singular vocative)
श्लक्ष्णे (dual vocative)
श्लक्ष्णाः (plural vocative)
श्लक्ष्णाम् (accusative singular)
श्लक्ष्णे (accusative dual)
श्लक्ष्णाः (accusative plural)
श्लक्ष्णया (instrumental singular)
श्लक्ष्णा1 (instrumental singular)
श्लक्ष्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्लक्ष्णाभिः (instrumental plural)
श्लक्ष्णायै (dative singular)
श्लक्ष्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्लक्ष्णाभ्यः (dative plural)
श्लक्ष्णायाः (ablative singular)
श्लक्ष्णायै2 (ablative singular)
श्लक्ष्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्लक्ष्णाभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्लक्ष्णायाः (genitive singular)
श्लक्ष्णायै2 (genitive singular)
श्लक्ष्णयोः (dual genitive)
श्लक्ष्णानाम् (genitive plural)
श्लक्ष्णायाम् (locative singular)
श्लक्ष्णयोः (dual locative)
श्लक्ष्णासु (locative plural)
श्लक्ष्णम् (nominative singular)
श्लक्ष्णे (dual nominative)
श्लक्ष्णानि (nominative plural)
श्लक्ष्णा1 (nominative plural)
श्लक्ष्ण (singular vocative)
श्लक्ष्णे (dual vocative)
श्लक्ष्णानि (plural vocative)
श्लक्ष्णा1 (plural vocative)
श्लक्ष्णम् (accusative singular)
श्लक्ष्णे (accusative dual)
श्लक्ष्णानि (accusative plural)
श्लक्ष्णा1 (accusative plural)
श्लक्ष्णेन (instrumental singular)
श्लक्ष्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्लक्ष्णैः (instrumental plural)
श्लक्ष्णेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्लक्ष्णाय (dative singular)
श्लक्ष्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्लक्ष्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्लक्ष्णात् (ablative singular)
श्लक्ष्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्लक्ष्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्लक्ष्णस्य (genitive singular)
श्लक्ष्णयोः (dual genitive)
श्लक्ष्णानाम् (genitive plural)
श्लक्ष्णे (locative singular)
श्लक्ष्णयोः (dual locative)
श्लक्ष्णेषु (locative plural)

Pali: saṇha

Nepali: सानो (sāno)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀮𑀡𑁆𑀳 (laṇha)

Marathi: लहान (lahān)

Konkani: लान (lān)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀮𑀡𑁆𑀳 (laṇha)

Gujarati: નાનું (nānũ)

Hindi: नन्हा (nanhā)

desc

→ Urdu: ننھا

→ Urdu: ننھا

→ Kannada: ಸಣ್ಣ (saṇṇa)

/ˈɕl̪ɐkʂ.ɳɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *slagžʰnás (“smooth, soft”), from Proto-Indo-European *sleg⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-. Cognate with Persian لشن (lašn, “soft”), Latin laxus, English slack.


अग्रिम

agrimá (romanization)
अग्रिमः (nominative singular)
अग्रिमौ (dual nominative)
अग्रिमा1 (dual nominative)
अग्रिमाः (nominative plural)
अग्रिमासः1 (nominative plural)
अग्रिम (singular vocative)
अग्रिमौ (dual vocative)
अग्रिमा1 (dual vocative)
अग्रिमाः (plural vocative)
अग्रिमासः1 (plural vocative)
अग्रिमम् (accusative singular)
अग्रिमौ (accusative dual)
अग्रिमा1 (accusative dual)
अग्रिमान् (accusative plural)
अग्रिमेण (instrumental singular)
अग्रिमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अग्रिमैः (instrumental plural)
अग्रिमेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अग्रिमाय (dative singular)
अग्रिमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अग्रिमेभ्यः (dative plural)
अग्रिमात् (ablative singular)
अग्रिमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अग्रिमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अग्रिमस्य (genitive singular)
अग्रिमयोः (dual genitive)
अग्रिमाणाम् (genitive plural)
अग्रिमे (locative singular)
अग्रिमयोः (dual locative)
अग्रिमेषु (locative plural)
अग्रिमा (nominative singular)
अग्रिमे (dual nominative)
अग्रिमाः (nominative plural)
अग्रिमे (singular vocative)
अग्रिमे (dual vocative)
अग्रिमाः (plural vocative)
अग्रिमाम् (accusative singular)
अग्रिमे (accusative dual)
अग्रिमाः (accusative plural)
अग्रिमया (instrumental singular)
अग्रिमा1 (instrumental singular)
अग्रिमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अग्रिमाभिः (instrumental plural)
अग्रिमायै (dative singular)
अग्रिमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अग्रिमाभ्यः (dative plural)
अग्रिमायाः (ablative singular)
अग्रिमायै2 (ablative singular)
अग्रिमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अग्रिमाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अग्रिमायाः (genitive singular)
अग्रिमायै2 (genitive singular)
अग्रिमयोः (dual genitive)
अग्रिमाणाम् (genitive plural)
अग्रिमायाम् (locative singular)
अग्रिमयोः (dual locative)
अग्रिमासु (locative plural)
अग्रिमम् (nominative singular)
अग्रिमे (dual nominative)
अग्रिमाणि (nominative plural)
अग्रिमा1 (nominative plural)
अग्रिम (singular vocative)
अग्रिमे (dual vocative)
अग्रिमाणि (plural vocative)
अग्रिमा1 (plural vocative)
अग्रिमम् (accusative singular)
अग्रिमे (accusative dual)
अग्रिमाणि (accusative plural)
अग्रिमा1 (accusative plural)
अग्रिमेण (instrumental singular)
अग्रिमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अग्रिमैः (instrumental plural)
अग्रिमेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अग्रिमाय (dative singular)
अग्रिमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अग्रिमेभ्यः (dative plural)
अग्रिमात् (ablative singular)
अग्रिमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अग्रिमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अग्रिमस्य (genitive singular)
अग्रिमयोः (dual genitive)
अग्रिमाणाम् (genitive plural)
अग्रिमे (locative singular)
अग्रिमयोः (dual locative)
अग्रिमेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀺𑀫 (aggima)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: [script needed] (aggiõ)

→ Hindi: अग्रिम (agrim) (learned)

being in front, preceding, prior, furthest advanced

foremost, best, excellent, preferable, superior


मेहति

sa-verb

मेहति • (méhati) third-singular indicative (root मिह्)

Dardic:

Khowar: مک (mik)

Shina: म्योनॊ (myōno)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hmáyȷ́ʰati, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃méyǵʰeti, from *h₃meyǵʰ- (“to urinate”).
Cognate with Latin mēiō, Ancient Greek ὀμείχω (omeíkhō), Old English mīġan, Serbo-Croatian мижати (mìžati), Persian میختن (mixtan). Compare also English micturate, a Latin borrowing. Related to मेह (méha).


कुटिल

From कुटि (kuṭi, “a curvature, a bend”).

कुटिलयाचना


रिहति

रिहति • (riháti) third-singular indicative (class 6, type P, root रिह्)

riháti (romanization)
रिह् (root)
रिहति (present)
रिहते (present)
रिहति (active indicative singular third-person)
रिहतः (active dual indicative third-person)
रिहन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
रिहते (indicative singular third-person)
रिहेते (dual indicative third-person)
रिहन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
रिहसि (active indicative second-person singular)
रिहथः (active dual indicative second-person)
रिहथ (active indicative plural second-person)
रिहसे (indicative second-person singular)
रिहेथे (dual indicative second-person)
रिहध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
रिहामि (active first-person indicative singular)
रिहावः (active dual first-person indicative)
रिहामः (active first-person indicative plural)
रिहामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
रिहे (first-person indicative singular)
रिहावहे (dual first-person indicative)
रिहामहे (first-person indicative plural)
रिहतु (active imperative singular third-person)
रिहताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
रिहन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
रिहताम् (imperative singular third-person)
रिहेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
रिहन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
रिह (active imperative second-person singular)
रिहतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
रिहत (active imperative plural second-person)
रिहस्व (imperative second-person singular)
रिहेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
रिहध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
रिहाणि (active first-person imperative singular)
रिहाव (active dual first-person imperative)
रिहाम (active first-person imperative plural)
रिहै (first-person imperative singular)
रिहावहै (dual first-person imperative)
रिहामहै (first-person imperative plural)
रिहेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
रिहेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
रिहेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
रिहेत (imperative singular third-person)
रिहेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
रिहेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
रिहेः (active imperative second-person singular)
रिहेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
रिहेत (active imperative plural second-person)
रिहेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
रिहेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
रिहेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
रिहेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
रिहेव (active dual first-person imperative)
रिहेम (active first-person imperative plural)
रिहेय (first-person imperative singular)
रिहेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
रिहेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
रिहात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
रिहाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
रिहातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
रिहान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
रिहाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
रिहातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
रिहैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
रिहन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
रिहान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
रिहाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
रिहासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
रिहाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
रिहाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
रिहासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
रिहासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
रिहैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
रिहाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
रिहाणि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
रिहाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
रिहाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
रिहै (first-person singular subjunctive)
रिहावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
रिहामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
रिहत् (active participle)
रिहमाण (participle)
अरिहत् (imperfect)
अरिहत (imperfect)
अरिहत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अरिहताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अरिहन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अरिहत (indicative singular third-person)
अरिहेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अरिहन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अरिहः (active indicative second-person singular)
अरिहतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अरिहत (active indicative plural second-person)
अरिहथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अरिहेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अरिहध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अरिहम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अरिहाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अरिहाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अरिहे (first-person indicative singular)
अरिहावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अरिहामहि (first-person indicative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *rizʰáti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *riȷ́ʰáti, from Proto-Indo-European *liǵʰ-é-ti, from *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”). Cognate with Ancient Greek λείχω (leíkhō), Old Armenian լիզեմ (lizem), Avestan 𐬭𐬌𐬰- (riz-), Latin lingō, Old English liccian (whence English lick).


क्षीण

sa-adj

क्षीण • (kṣīṇa) stem

Prakrit: 𑀔𑀻𑀡 (khīṇa)

Romani: khino

Pali: khīṇa

desc

→ Hindi: क्षीण (kṣīṇ)

→ Hindi: क्षीण (kṣīṇ)

From the root क्षि (kṣi, “to destroy, corrupt, ruin, make an end”).

sa-root

किंतु दुष्टबुद्धिरचिरमसद्व्ययव्यसनित्वात् क्षिणाविभावो ऽभूत
kiṃtu duṣṭabuddhiraciramasadvyayavyasanitvāt kṣiṇāvibhāvo ʼbhūta
But soon, (due) to inappropriate expense caused by addiction, Duṣṭabuddhi's wealth was wasted


गोधूम

godhū́ma (romanization)
गोधूमः (nominative singular)
गोधूमौ (dual nominative)
गोधूमा1 (dual nominative)
गोधूमाः (nominative plural)
गोधूमासः1 (nominative plural)
गोधूम (singular vocative)
गोधूमौ (dual vocative)
गोधूमा1 (dual vocative)
गोधूमाः (plural vocative)
गोधूमासः1 (plural vocative)
गोधूमम् (accusative singular)
गोधूमौ (accusative dual)
गोधूमा1 (accusative dual)
गोधूमान् (accusative plural)
गोधूमेन (instrumental singular)
गोधूमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोधूमैः (instrumental plural)
गोधूमेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गोधूमाय (dative singular)
गोधूमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोधूमेभ्यः (dative plural)
गोधूमात् (ablative singular)
गोधूमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोधूमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोधूमस्य (genitive singular)
गोधूमयोः (dual genitive)
गोधूमानाम् (genitive plural)
गोधूमे (locative singular)
गोधूमयोः (dual locative)
गोधूमेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: gúum

Khowar: گوم (goóm)

Pali: godhūma

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma)
Central:
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
Awadhi: गेहूँ (gehū̃)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma)
Romani: giv, ghiu
Lomavren: gihu, giu
Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
Hindustani:
Hindi: गोहूँ (gohū̃), गेहूँ (gehū̃), गहूँ (gahū̃)
Urdu: گوہُوں (gohū̃), گیہُوں (gehū̃), گَہُوں (gahū̃)
Eastern:
Magadhi Prakrit:
Assamese: ঘেঁহু (ghẽhu), গম (gom), গোম (güm), ঘেঁহু (ghẽhu), গোমধান (gümodhan)
Bengali: গম (gom), গোম (gōm), গম (gom)
→ Burmese: ဂျုံ (gyum)
Bihari: गोहुँ (gohũ), गहुम (gahum)
Bhojpuri: गोहूँ (gōhū̃)
Maithili: गोहुम (gōhum), गहूम (gahūm)
Odia: ଗହୁଁ (gahũ), ଗହମ (gahama)
Northern:
Khasa Prakrit:
Central Pahari:
Garhwali: गेवुँ (gevũ)
Kumaoni: ग्यूँ (gyū̃)
Eastern Pahari:
Nepali: गहुँ (gahũ), गउँ (ga͠u)
Western Pahari:
Bhadrawahi: गहूं (gahū̃), गेउं (geũ)
Pangwali: गिऊंह (giū̃h)
Northwestern:
Paisaci Prakrit:
Vracada Apabhramsa:
Sindhi: गेहूं／گيهُون (g̠ehū̃)
Jadgali: [script needed] (gī̃ū̃)
Southern:
Helu Prakrit:
Dhivehi: ގޮދަން (godan̊)
Sinhalese: ගොයම (goyama)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma)
Konkani: gãv
Devanagari script: गंव
Kannada script: ಗಂವ್
Latin script: gonv
Marathi: गहू (gahū)
Western:
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma)
Gurjara Apabhramsa:
Gujarati: ઘઉં (ghaũ), ઘઉં (ghaũ)

→ Kannada: ಗೋಧಿ (gōdhi)

→ Malayalam: ഗോതമ്പ് (gōtampŭ)

→ Tamil: கோதுமை (kōtumai)

→ Telugu: గోధుమ (gōdhuma)

→ Hindi: गोधूम (godhūm) (learned)

/ɡoːˈd̪ʱuː.mɐ/

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gandʰúHmas ~ *gantúHmas, possibly ultimately from a Middle Eastern wanderwort (compare Proto-Semitic *ḥnṭ, whence Arabic حِنْطَة (ḥinṭa, “spelt, wheat”)). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬧𐬙𐬎𐬨𐬀 (gaṇtuma), 𐬔𐬀𐬥𐬙𐬎𐬨𐬀 (gantuma), Middle Persian gnwm (gannum).
Later reanalyzed as a native formation, गो (go, “earth”) + धूम (dhūma, “smoke”).

inh

व्री॒हय॑श् च मे॒ यवाश् च मे॒ माषाश् च मे॒ तिलाश् च मे मु॒द्गाश् च॑ मे ख॒ल्वाश् च मे गो॒धूमाश् च मे म॒सुराश् च मे प्रि॒यङ्ग॑वश् च॒ मे ऽण॑वश् च मे श्या॒माकाश् च मे नी॒वाराश् च मे ॥

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.7.4

And to me may rice, barley, beans, sesame, kidney beans, vetches, wheat, lentils, Millet, Panicum miliaceum, Panicum frumentaceum, and wild rice [be granted].

vrīháyaś ca me yávā́ś cá me mā́ṣā́ś cá me tílā́ś cá mé mudgā́ś ca me khalvā́ś cá mé godhū́mā́ś cá mé masúrā́ś cá mé priyáṅgavaś ca mé ʼṇavaś ca me śyāmā́kā́ś cá mé nīvā́rā́ś cá mé.


निज

nija (romanization)
निजः (nominative singular)
निजौ (dual nominative)
निजा1 (dual nominative)
निजाः (nominative plural)
निजासः1 (nominative plural)
निज (singular vocative)
निजौ (dual vocative)
निजा1 (dual vocative)
निजाः (plural vocative)
निजासः1 (plural vocative)
निजम् (accusative singular)
निजौ (accusative dual)
निजा1 (accusative dual)
निजान् (accusative plural)
निजेन (instrumental singular)
निजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
निजैः (instrumental plural)
निजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
निजाय (dative singular)
निजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
निजेभ्यः (dative plural)
निजात् (ablative singular)
निजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
निजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
निजस्य (genitive singular)
निजयोः (dual genitive)
निजानाम् (genitive plural)
निजे (locative singular)
निजयोः (dual locative)
निजेषु (locative plural)
निजा (nominative singular)
निजे (dual nominative)
निजाः (nominative plural)
निजे (singular vocative)
निजे (dual vocative)
निजाः (plural vocative)
निजाम् (accusative singular)
निजे (accusative dual)
निजाः (accusative plural)
निजया (instrumental singular)
निजा1 (instrumental singular)
निजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
निजाभिः (instrumental plural)
निजायै (dative singular)
निजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
निजाभ्यः (dative plural)
निजायाः (ablative singular)
निजायै2 (ablative singular)
निजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
निजाभ्यः (ablative plural)
निजायाः (genitive singular)
निजायै2 (genitive singular)
निजयोः (dual genitive)
निजानाम् (genitive plural)
निजायाम् (locative singular)
निजयोः (dual locative)
निजासु (locative plural)
निजम् (nominative singular)
निजे (dual nominative)
निजानि (nominative plural)
निजा1 (nominative plural)
निज (singular vocative)
निजे (dual vocative)
निजानि (plural vocative)
निजा1 (plural vocative)
निजम् (accusative singular)
निजे (accusative dual)
निजानि (accusative plural)
निजा1 (accusative plural)
निजेन (instrumental singular)
निजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
निजैः (instrumental plural)
निजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
निजाय (dative singular)
निजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
निजेभ्यः (dative plural)
निजात् (ablative singular)
निजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
निजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
निजस्य (genitive singular)
निजयोः (dual genitive)
निजानाम् (genitive plural)
निजे (locative singular)
निजयोः (dual locative)
निजेषु (locative plural)


निज

nija (romanization)
निजः (nominative singular)
निजौ (dual nominative)
निजा1 (dual nominative)
निजाः (nominative plural)
निजासः1 (nominative plural)
निज (singular vocative)
निजौ (dual vocative)
निजा1 (dual vocative)
निजाः (plural vocative)
निजासः1 (plural vocative)
निजम् (accusative singular)
निजौ (accusative dual)
निजा1 (accusative dual)
निजान् (accusative plural)
निजेन (instrumental singular)
निजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
निजैः (instrumental plural)
निजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
निजाय (dative singular)
निजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
निजेभ्यः (dative plural)
निजात् (ablative singular)
निजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
निजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
निजस्य (genitive singular)
निजयोः (dual genitive)
निजानाम् (genitive plural)
निजे (locative singular)
निजयोः (dual locative)
निजेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: নিজ (niz)

Bengali: নিজ (nij)

→ Hindi: निज (nij)

→ Tamil: நிஜம் (nijam), நிசம் (nicam)

→ Telugu: నిజము (nijamu)


लिहति

sa-verb

लिहति • (liháti) third-singular indicative (class 6, type P, root लिह्)

liháti (romanization)
लिह् (root)
लिहति (present)
लिहते (present)
लिहति (active indicative singular third-person)
लिहतः (active dual indicative third-person)
लिहन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
लिहते (indicative singular third-person)
लिहेते (dual indicative third-person)
लिहन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
लिहसि (active indicative second-person singular)
लिहथः (active dual indicative second-person)
लिहथ (active indicative plural second-person)
लिहसे (indicative second-person singular)
लिहेथे (dual indicative second-person)
लिहध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
लिहामि (active first-person indicative singular)
लिहावः (active dual first-person indicative)
लिहामः (active first-person indicative plural)
लिहामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
लिहे (first-person indicative singular)
लिहावहे (dual first-person indicative)
लिहामहे (first-person indicative plural)
लिहतु (active imperative singular third-person)
लिहताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
लिहन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
लिहताम् (imperative singular third-person)
लिहेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
लिहन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
लिह (active imperative second-person singular)
लिहतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
लिहत (active imperative plural second-person)
लिहस्व (imperative second-person singular)
लिहेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
लिहध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
लिहानि (active first-person imperative singular)
लिहाव (active dual first-person imperative)
लिहाम (active first-person imperative plural)
लिहै (first-person imperative singular)
लिहावहै (dual first-person imperative)
लिहामहै (first-person imperative plural)
लिहेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
लिहेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
लिहेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
लिहेत (imperative singular third-person)
लिहेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
लिहेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
लिहेः (active imperative second-person singular)
लिहेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
लिहेत (active imperative plural second-person)
लिहेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
लिहेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
लिहेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
लिहेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
लिहेव (active dual first-person imperative)
लिहेम (active first-person imperative plural)
लिहेय (first-person imperative singular)
लिहेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
लिहेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
लिहात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
लिहाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
लिहातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
लिहान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
लिहाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
लिहातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
लिहैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
लिहन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
लिहान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
लिहाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
लिहासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
लिहाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
लिहाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
लिहासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
लिहासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
लिहैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
लिहाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
लिहानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
लिहाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
लिहाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
लिहै (first-person singular subjunctive)
लिहावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
लिहामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
लिहत् (active participle)
लिहमान (participle)
अलिहत् (imperfect)
अलिहत (imperfect)
अलिहत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अलिहताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अलिहन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अलिहत (indicative singular third-person)
अलिहेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अलिहन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अलिहः (active indicative second-person singular)
अलिहतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अलिहत (active indicative plural second-person)
अलिहथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अलिहेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अलिहध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अलिहम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अलिहाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अलिहाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अलिहे (first-person indicative singular)
अलिहावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अलिहामहि (first-person indicative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: ḷíik

Kashmiri: لیَوُن (lyavun)

Khowar: لیئک (liík)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀮𑀺𑀳𑀇 (lihaï)

Konkani: lễvce

Devanagari script: लेंव्चे

Kannada script: ಲೆಂವ್ಚೆ

Latin script: levnche

Thematicised from the weak stem of लेढि (leḍhi), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”). Cognate with Ancient Greek λείχω (leíkhō), Old Church Slavonic лизати (lizati), Old Armenian լիզեմ (lizem), Avestan 𐬭𐬌𐬰- (riz-), Latin lingō, Persian لیسیدن (lisidan), Old English liccian (whence English lick).


स्पर्धा

spardhā (romanization)
स्पर्धा (nominative singular)
स्पर्धे (dual nominative)
स्पर्धाः (nominative plural)
स्पर्धे (singular vocative)
स्पर्धे (dual vocative)
स्पर्धाः (plural vocative)
स्पर्धाम् (accusative singular)
स्पर्धे (accusative dual)
स्पर्धाः (accusative plural)
स्पर्धया (instrumental singular)
स्पर्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्पर्धाभिः (instrumental plural)
स्पर्धायै (dative singular)
स्पर्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्पर्धाभ्यः (dative plural)
स्पर्धायाः (ablative singular)
स्पर्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्पर्धाभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्पर्धायाः (genitive singular)
स्पर्धयोः (dual genitive)
स्पर्धानाम् (genitive plural)
स्पर्धायाम् (locative singular)
स्पर्धयोः (dual locative)
स्पर्धासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of स्पर्धा

स्पर्धाभ्याम्

स्पर्धाभ्याम्

स्पर्धाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्पर्धाभ्याम्

स्पर्धाभ्याम्

स्पर्धाभ्याम्

/ˈs̪pɐɾ.d̪ʱɑː/

From Proto-Indo-European *sperdʰ- (“to compete, contest, rival”). Cognate with Old English spyrd (“racecourse, racetrack”).


आकाशवाणी

sa-noun

आकाशवाणी • (ākāśavāṇī) stem, f

ākāśavāṇī (romanization)
आकाशवाणी (nominative singular)
आकाशवाण्यौ (dual nominative)
आकाशवाण्यः (nominative plural)
आकाशवाणि (singular vocative)
आकाशवाण्यौ (dual vocative)
आकाशवाण्यः (plural vocative)
आकाशवाणीम् (accusative singular)
आकाशवाण्यौ (accusative dual)
आकाशवाणीः (accusative plural)
आकाशवाण्या (instrumental singular)
आकाशवाणीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आकाशवाणीभिः (instrumental plural)
आकाशवाण्यै (dative singular)
आकाशवाणीभ्याम् (dative dual)
आकाशवाणीभ्यः (dative plural)
आकाशवाण्याः (ablative singular)
आकाशवाणीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आकाशवाणीभ्यः (ablative plural)
आकाशवाण्याः (genitive singular)
आकाशवाण्योः (dual genitive)
आकाशवाणीनाम् (genitive plural)
आकाशवाण्याम् (locative singular)
आकाशवाण्योः (dual locative)
आकाशवाणीषु (locative plural)

/ɑː.kɑː.ɕɐ.ʋɑː.ɳiː/

/ɑː.kɑː.ɕɐˈʋɑː.ɳiː/

आकाश (ākāśa, “sky”) + वाणी (vāṇī, “voice”); the sense of radio originated in 1935 from Kannada ಆಕಾಶವಾಣಿ (ākāśavāṇi), which was coined by the founders of a Mysore radio station that would have the same name. It then was "back-borrowed" into Sanskrit, where it spread to other Indic languages which borrowed vocabulary, including the original sense of this word, from Sanskrit after it was adopted by All India Radio.

bor

Kannada ಆಕಾಶವಾಣಿ (ākāśavāṇi)

आकाशवाणीं योजयतु


आकाशवाणी

sa-proper noun

आकाशवाणी • (ākāśavāṇī) stem, f

/ɑː.kɑː.ɕɐ.ʋɑː.ɳiː/

/ɑː.kɑː.ɕɐˈʋɑː.ɳiː/

bor

Kannada ಆಕಾಶವಾಣಿ (ākāśavāṇi)