अर्थ

ártha (romanization)
अर्थः (nominative singular)
अर्थौ (dual nominative)
अर्था1 (dual nominative)
अर्थाः (nominative plural)
अर्थासः1 (nominative plural)
अर्थ (singular vocative)
अर्थौ (dual vocative)
अर्था1 (dual vocative)
अर्थाः (plural vocative)
अर्थासः1 (plural vocative)
अर्थम् (accusative singular)
अर्थौ (accusative dual)
अर्था1 (accusative dual)
अर्थान् (accusative plural)
अर्थेन (instrumental singular)
अर्थाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्थैः (instrumental plural)
अर्थेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्थाय (dative singular)
अर्थाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्थेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्थात् (ablative singular)
अर्थाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्थेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्थस्य (genitive singular)
अर्थयोः (dual genitive)
अर्थानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्थे (locative singular)
अर्थयोः (dual locative)
अर्थेषु (locative plural)
अर्थम् (nominative singular)
अर्थे (dual nominative)
अर्थानि (nominative plural)
अर्था1 (nominative plural)
अर्थ (singular vocative)
अर्थे (dual vocative)
अर्थानि (plural vocative)
अर्था1 (plural vocative)
अर्थम् (accusative singular)
अर्थे (accusative dual)
अर्थानि (accusative plural)
अर्था1 (accusative plural)
अर्थेन (instrumental singular)
अर्थाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्थैः (instrumental plural)
अर्थेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्थाय (dative singular)
अर्थाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्थेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्थात् (ablative singular)
अर्थाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्थेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्थस्य (genitive singular)
अर्थयोः (dual genitive)
अर्थानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्थे (locative singular)
अर्थयोः (dual locative)
अर्थेषु (locative plural)

Pali: attha
→ Khmer: អត្ថ (ʼat)

desc

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞 (aṭṭha), 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣 (attha)

Gujarati: આથ (ātha)

→ Assamese: অৰ্থ (ortho) (learned)

→ Bengali: অর্থ (ôrthô) (learned)

→ Gujarati: અર્થ (arth) (learned)

→ Hindustani: arth (learned)

Hindi: अर्थ

Urdu: اَرتھ

desctree

→ Malay: harta
> Indonesian: harta (inherited)
→ Iban: reta

→ Kannada: ಅರ್ಥ (artha) (learned)

→ Malayalam: അർത്ഥം (aṟtthaṁ) (learned)

→ Marathi: artha (learned)

Devanagari script: अर्थ

Modi script: 𑘀𑘨𑘿𑘞

→ Nepali: अर्थ (artha) (learned)

→ Old Javanese: artha, arthi
> Javanese: ꦄꦂꦛ (inherited) → ꦲꦂꦠ (arta)
→ Indonesian: arta
→ Balinese: ᬅᬃᬣ (arta)
> Javanese: ꦲꦼꦂꦠꦶ (erti) (inherited)
> Javanese: ꦲꦂꦠꦶ (arti) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: arti
>? Malay: erti, reti (informal)
> Indonesian: erti (inherited)

→ Tamil: அர்த்தம் (arttam) (learned)

⇒ Telugu: అర్థము (arthamu)

→ Tocharian B: ārth

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hártʰam (“matter, object, purpose”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ert-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬀 (ar^əθa).

inh

money, wealth, property, opulence, substance


आयु

ā́yu (romanization)
आयुः (nominative singular)
आयू (dual nominative)
आयवः (nominative plural)
आयो (singular vocative)
आयू (dual vocative)
आयवः (plural vocative)
आयुम् (accusative singular)
आयू (accusative dual)
आयून् (accusative plural)
आयुना (instrumental singular)
आय्वा1 (instrumental singular)
आयुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आयुभिः (instrumental plural)
आयवे (dative singular)
आय्वे1 (dative singular)
आयुभ्याम् (dative dual)
आयुभ्यः (dative plural)
आयोः (ablative singular)
आय्वः1 (ablative singular)
आयुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आयुभ्यः (ablative plural)
आयोः (genitive singular)
आय्वः1 (genitive singular)
आय्वोः (dual genitive)
आयूनाम् (genitive plural)
आयौ (locative singular)
आय्वोः (dual locative)
आयुषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hā́yu, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́yu, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂óyu (“long time, lifetime”). Cognate with Latin aevum (whence English age), Ancient Greek αἰών (aiṓn) (whence English eon), Avestan 𐬁𐬌𐬌𐬏 (āiiū, “lifetime, life”), Old English ā. The Sanskrit root is इ (i), whence also आयुस् (ā́yus).

a divine personification presiding over life


आयु

ā́yu (romanization)
आयु (nominative singular)
आयुनी (dual nominative)
आयूनि (nominative plural)
आयु1 (nominative plural)
आयू1 (nominative plural)
आयु (singular vocative)
आयो (singular vocative)
आयुनी (dual vocative)
आयूनि (plural vocative)
आयु1 (plural vocative)
आयू1 (plural vocative)
आयु (accusative singular)
आयुनी (accusative dual)
आयूनि (accusative plural)
आयु1 (accusative plural)
आयू1 (accusative plural)
आयुना (instrumental singular)
आय्वा1 (instrumental singular)
आयुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आयुभिः (instrumental plural)
आयुने (dative singular)
आयवे1 (dative singular)
आय्वे1 (dative singular)
आयुभ्याम् (dative dual)
आयुभ्यः (dative plural)
आयुनः (ablative singular)
आयोः1 (ablative singular)
आय्वः1 (ablative singular)
आयुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आयुभ्यः (ablative plural)
आयुनः (genitive singular)
आयोः1 (genitive singular)
आय्वः1 (genitive singular)
आयुनोः (dual genitive)
आयूनाम् (genitive plural)
आयुनि (locative singular)
आयौ1 (locative singular)
आयुनोः (dual locative)
आयुषु (locative plural)

Assamese: আয়ু (ayu)

Bengali: আয়ু (aẏu)

Maithili: आयु (āyʉ)

Marathi: आयु (āyu)

Pali: āyu

→ Khmer: អាយុ (ʼaayuʼ)

→ Lao: ອາຍຸ (ʼā nyu)

→ Thai: อายุ (aa-yú)

→ Telugu: ఆయువు (āyuvu)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀆𑀉 (āu)

Old Hindi: आउ (āu)

→ Tamil: ஆயுள் (āyuḷ)

Nepali: आयु (āyu)

अग्ने जरस्व स्वपत्य आयुन्यूर्जा पिन्वस्व समिषो दिदीहि नः।
वयांसि जिन्व बृहतश्च जागृव उशिग्देवानामसि सुक्रतुर्विपाम्॥
agne jarasva svapatya āyunyūrjā pinvasva samiṣo didīhi naḥ.

Sing, Agni, for long life to us and noble sons: teem thou with plenty, shine upon us store of food.
Increase the great man's strength, thou ever-vigilant: thou, longing for the Gods, knowest their hymns full well.

vayāṃsi jinva bṛhataśca jāgṛva uśigdevānāmasi sukraturvipām.


आयु

āyú (romanization)
आयुः (nominative singular)
आयू (dual nominative)
आयवः (nominative plural)
आयो (singular vocative)
आयू (dual vocative)
आयवः (plural vocative)
आयुम् (accusative singular)
आयू (accusative dual)
आयून् (accusative plural)
आयुना (instrumental singular)
आय्वा1 (instrumental singular)
आयुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आयुभिः (instrumental plural)
आयवे (dative singular)
आय्वे1 (dative singular)
आयुभ्याम् (dative dual)
आयुभ्यः (dative plural)
आयोः (ablative singular)
आय्वः1 (ablative singular)
आयुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आयुभ्यः (ablative plural)
आयोः (genitive singular)
आय्वः1 (genitive singular)
आय्वोः (dual genitive)
आयूनाम् (genitive plural)
आयौ (locative singular)
आय्वोः (dual locative)
आयुषु (locative plural)
आयुः (nominative singular)
आयू (dual nominative)
आयवः (nominative plural)
आयो (singular vocative)
आयू (dual vocative)
आयवः (plural vocative)
आयुम् (accusative singular)
आयू (accusative dual)
आयूः (accusative plural)
आय्वा (instrumental singular)
आयुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आयुभिः (instrumental plural)
आयवे (dative singular)
आय्वै1 (dative singular)
आयुभ्याम् (dative dual)
आयुभ्यः (dative plural)
आयोः (ablative singular)
आय्वाः1 (ablative singular)
आय्वै2 (ablative singular)
आयुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आयुभ्यः (ablative plural)
आयोः (genitive singular)
आय्वाः1 (genitive singular)
आय्वै2 (genitive singular)
आय्वोः (dual genitive)
आयूनाम् (genitive plural)
आयौ (locative singular)
आय्वाम्1 (locative singular)
आय्वोः (dual locative)
आयुषु (locative plural)
आयु (nominative singular)
आयुनी (dual nominative)
आयूनि (nominative plural)
आयु1 (nominative plural)
आयू1 (nominative plural)
आयु (singular vocative)
आयो (singular vocative)
आयुनी (dual vocative)
आयूनि (plural vocative)
आयु1 (plural vocative)
आयू1 (plural vocative)
आयु (accusative singular)
आयुनी (accusative dual)
आयूनि (accusative plural)
आयु1 (accusative plural)
आयू1 (accusative plural)
आयुना (instrumental singular)
आय्वा1 (instrumental singular)
आयुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आयुभिः (instrumental plural)
आयुने (dative singular)
आयवे1 (dative singular)
आय्वे1 (dative singular)
आयुभ्याम् (dative dual)
आयुभ्यः (dative plural)
आयुनः (ablative singular)
आयोः1 (ablative singular)
आय्वः1 (ablative singular)
आयुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आयुभ्यः (ablative plural)
आयुनः (genitive singular)
आयोः1 (genitive singular)
आय्वः1 (genitive singular)
आयुनोः (dual genitive)
आयूनाम् (genitive plural)
आयुनि (locative singular)
आयौ1 (locative singular)
आयुनोः (dual locative)
आयुषु (locative plural)


अधिकार

adhikāra (romanization)
अधिकारः (nominative singular)
अधिकारौ (dual nominative)
अधिकारा1 (dual nominative)
अधिकाराः (nominative plural)
अधिकारासः1 (nominative plural)
अधिकार (singular vocative)
अधिकारौ (dual vocative)
अधिकारा1 (dual vocative)
अधिकाराः (plural vocative)
अधिकारासः1 (plural vocative)
अधिकारम् (accusative singular)
अधिकारौ (accusative dual)
अधिकारा1 (accusative dual)
अधिकारान् (accusative plural)
अधिकारेण (instrumental singular)
अधिकाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधिकारैः (instrumental plural)
अधिकारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अधिकाराय (dative singular)
अधिकाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधिकारेभ्यः (dative plural)
अधिकारात् (ablative singular)
अधिकाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधिकारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधिकारस्य (genitive singular)
अधिकारयोः (dual genitive)
अधिकाराणाम् (genitive plural)
अधिकारे (locative singular)
अधिकारयोः (dual locative)
अधिकारेषु (locative plural)

Pali: adhikāra

→ Gujarati: અધિકાર (adhikār)

→ Hindi: अधिकार (adhikār)

→ Indonesian: adikara

→ Kannada: ಅಧಿಕಾರ (adhikāra)

→ Malay: adikara

→ Marathi: अधिकार (adhikār)

→ Odia: ଅଧିକାର (adhikāra)

→ Punjabi: ਅਧਿਕਾਰ (adhikār)

→ Tamil: அதிகாரம் (atikāram)

→ Telugu: అధికారము (adhikāramu)

/ɐ.d̪ʱiˈkɑː.ɾɐ/

government, rule, administration, jurisdiction

claim, right, especially to perform sacrifices with benefit

अनुवृत्ति अनुवृत्ति#Sanskrit

(grammar) government, a governing-rule (the influence of which over any number of succeeding rules is called अनुवृत्ति (anu-vṛtti))


अधिक

sa-adj

अधिक • (adhika) stem (comparative अधिकतर, superlative अधिकतम)

adhika (romanization)
अधिकतर (comparative)
अधिकतम (superlative)
अधिकः (nominative singular)
अधिकौ (dual nominative)
अधिका1 (dual nominative)
अधिकाः (nominative plural)
अधिकासः1 (nominative plural)
अधिक (singular vocative)
अधिकौ (dual vocative)
अधिका1 (dual vocative)
अधिकाः (plural vocative)
अधिकासः1 (plural vocative)
अधिकम् (accusative singular)
अधिकौ (accusative dual)
अधिका1 (accusative dual)
अधिकान् (accusative plural)
अधिकेन (instrumental singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधिकैः (instrumental plural)
अधिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अधिकाय (dative singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
अधिकात् (ablative singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधिकस्य (genitive singular)
अधिकयोः (dual genitive)
अधिकानाम् (genitive plural)
अधिके (locative singular)
अधिकयोः (dual locative)
अधिकेषु (locative plural)
अधिका (nominative singular)
अधिके (dual nominative)
अधिकाः (nominative plural)
अधिके (singular vocative)
अधिके (dual vocative)
अधिकाः (plural vocative)
अधिकाम् (accusative singular)
अधिके (accusative dual)
अधिकाः (accusative plural)
अधिकया (instrumental singular)
अधिका1 (instrumental singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
अधिकायै (dative singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
अधिकायाः (ablative singular)
अधिकायै2 (ablative singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधिकायाः (genitive singular)
अधिकायै2 (genitive singular)
अधिकयोः (dual genitive)
अधिकानाम् (genitive plural)
अधिकायाम् (locative singular)
अधिकयोः (dual locative)
अधिकासु (locative plural)
अधिकम् (nominative singular)
अधिके (dual nominative)
अधिकानि (nominative plural)
अधिका1 (nominative plural)
अधिक (singular vocative)
अधिके (dual vocative)
अधिकानि (plural vocative)
अधिका1 (plural vocative)
अधिकम् (accusative singular)
अधिके (accusative dual)
अधिकानि (accusative plural)
अधिका1 (accusative plural)
अधिकेन (instrumental singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधिकैः (instrumental plural)
अधिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अधिकाय (dative singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
अधिकात् (ablative singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधिकस्य (genitive singular)
अधिकयोः (dual genitive)
अधिकानाम् (genitive plural)
अधिके (locative singular)
अधिकयोः (dual locative)
अधिकेषु (locative plural)

additional, subsequent, supernumerary, redundant, intercalated


अधिक

adhika (romanization)
अधिकम् (nominative singular)
अधिके (dual nominative)
अधिकानि (nominative plural)
अधिका1 (nominative plural)
अधिक (singular vocative)
अधिके (dual vocative)
अधिकानि (plural vocative)
अधिका1 (plural vocative)
अधिकम् (accusative singular)
अधिके (accusative dual)
अधिकानि (accusative plural)
अधिका1 (accusative plural)
अधिकेन (instrumental singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधिकैः (instrumental plural)
अधिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अधिकाय (dative singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
अधिकात् (ablative singular)
अधिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधिकस्य (genitive singular)
अधिकयोः (dual genitive)
अधिकानाम् (genitive plural)
अधिके (locative singular)
अधिकयोः (dual locative)
अधिकेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अधिक (adhik)

Urdu: ادھک

→ Marathi: अधिक (adhik)

desctree

Pali: adhika
→ Burmese: အဓိက (a.dhi.ka.)
→ Khmer: អធិក (ʼaʼthɨk)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅਧਿਕ (adhik)

Shahmukhi script: ادھک (adhik)

→ Tagalog: adhikâ

→ Tamil: அதிகம் (atikam)

→ Telugu: అధికము (adhikamu)


अक्षर

head

अक्षर • (akṣara)

akṣara (romanization)
अक्षरः (nominative singular)
अक्षरौ (dual nominative)
अक्षरा1 (dual nominative)
अक्षराः (nominative plural)
अक्षरासः1 (nominative plural)
अक्षर (singular vocative)
अक्षरौ (dual vocative)
अक्षरा1 (dual vocative)
अक्षराः (plural vocative)
अक्षरासः1 (plural vocative)
अक्षरम् (accusative singular)
अक्षरौ (accusative dual)
अक्षरा1 (accusative dual)
अक्षरान् (accusative plural)
अक्षरेण (instrumental singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अक्षरैः (instrumental plural)
अक्षरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अक्षराय (dative singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अक्षरेभ्यः (dative plural)
अक्षरात् (ablative singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अक्षरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अक्षरस्य (genitive singular)
अक्षरयोः (dual genitive)
अक्षराणाम् (genitive plural)
अक्षरे (locative singular)
अक्षरयोः (dual locative)
अक्षरेषु (locative plural)
अक्षरा (nominative singular)
अक्षरे (dual nominative)
अक्षराः (nominative plural)
अक्षरे (singular vocative)
अक्षरे (dual vocative)
अक्षराः (plural vocative)
अक्षराम् (accusative singular)
अक्षरे (accusative dual)
अक्षराः (accusative plural)
अक्षरया (instrumental singular)
अक्षरा1 (instrumental singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अक्षराभिः (instrumental plural)
अक्षरायै (dative singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अक्षराभ्यः (dative plural)
अक्षरायाः (ablative singular)
अक्षरायै2 (ablative singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अक्षराभ्यः (ablative plural)
अक्षरायाः (genitive singular)
अक्षरायै2 (genitive singular)
अक्षरयोः (dual genitive)
अक्षराणाम् (genitive plural)
अक्षरायाम् (locative singular)
अक्षरयोः (dual locative)
अक्षरासु (locative plural)
अक्षरन् (nominative singular)
अक्षरमी (dual nominative)
अक्षरमि (nominative plural)
अक्षरन् (singular vocative)
अक्षरमी (dual vocative)
अक्षरमि (plural vocative)
अक्षरन् (accusative singular)
अक्षरमी (accusative dual)
अक्षरमि (accusative plural)
अक्षरमा (instrumental singular)
अक्षरन्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अक्षरन्भिः (instrumental plural)
अक्षरमे (dative singular)
अक्षरन्भ्याम् (dative dual)
अक्षरन्भ्यः (dative plural)
अक्षरमः (ablative singular)
अक्षरन्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
अक्षरन्भ्यः (ablative plural)
अक्षरमः (genitive singular)
अक्षरमोः (dual genitive)
अक्षरमाम् (genitive plural)
अक्षरमि (locative singular)
अक्षरमोः (dual locative)
अक्षरन्सु (locative plural)

From अ- (a-) + क्षर (kṣara, “perishable”).


अक्षर

akṣára (romanization)
अक्षरम् (nominative singular)
अक्षरे (dual nominative)
अक्षराणि (nominative plural)
अक्षरा1 (nominative plural)
अक्षर (singular vocative)
अक्षरे (dual vocative)
अक्षराणि (plural vocative)
अक्षरा1 (plural vocative)
अक्षरम् (accusative singular)
अक्षरे (accusative dual)
अक्षराणि (accusative plural)
अक्षरा1 (accusative plural)
अक्षरेण (instrumental singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अक्षरैः (instrumental plural)
अक्षरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अक्षराय (dative singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अक्षरेभ्यः (dative plural)
अक्षरात् (ablative singular)
अक्षराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अक्षरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अक्षरस्य (genitive singular)
अक्षरयोः (dual genitive)
अक्षराणाम् (genitive plural)
अक्षरे (locative singular)
अक्षरयोः (dual locative)
अक्षरेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: اَچھُر (achur)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: আখৰ (akhor)

Maithili: आखर (ākhar)

Odia: ଆଖର (ākhara)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އަކުރު (akuru)

Sinhalese: අකුර (akura)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani:

Hindi: अंछर (añchar), आखर (ākhar)

Urdu: اَچھَر (achar), آکھَر (ākhar)

Kumaoni: आँखर

Nepali: आखर (ākhar)

Punjabi: ਅੱਖਰ (akkhar)

Sindhi: اکر (akharu)

Kachchi: અખર (akhar)

Western:

Marwari: आखर (ākhar), अच्छर (acchar)

Pali: akkhara (see there for further descendants)

→ Badui: ᮃᮊ᮪ᮞᮛ (aksara)

→ Bengali: অক্ষর (okkhor)

→ English: aksara

→ Gujarati: અક્ષર (akṣar)

→ Hindi: अक्षर (akṣar)

→ Kannada: ಅಕ್ಷರ (akṣara)

→ Khmer: អក្សរ (ʼaksɑɑ)

→ Lao: ອັກສອນ (ʼak sǭn)

→ Malay: aksara
Indonesian: aksara

→ Marathi: अक्षर (akṣar)

→ Nepali: अक्षर (akṣar)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: akṣara
> Javanese: ꦲꦏ꧀ꦱꦫ (aksara) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭ (aksara)

→ Sasak: ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭ (aksara)

→ Sundanese: ᮃᮊ᮪ᮞᮛ (aksara)

→ Tamil: அட்சரம் (aṭcaram)

desc

→ Telugu: అక్షరము (akṣaramu), అక్షరం (akṣaraṁ), అక్కరము (akkaramu)

→ Thai: อักษร (àk-sɔ̌ɔn)

→ Tocharian B: akṣār

→ Urdu: اکشر (akṣar)

final beatitude, religious austerity, a sacrifice (lexicography)

Achyranthes aspera
Achyranthes aspera#Translingual

prickly chaff flower
prickly chaff flower

Achyranthes aspera (prickly chaff flower, devil's horsewhip)


अक्षर

From a root क्षर् (kṣar, “to flow, melt, perish”), from which a feminine अक्षरा (akṣarā) appears in the Rigveda with a meaning of "word" or "speech".


आरम्भ

ārambhá (romanization)
आरम्भः (nominative singular)
आरम्भौ (dual nominative)
आरम्भा1 (dual nominative)
आरम्भाः (nominative plural)
आरम्भासः1 (nominative plural)
आरम्भ (singular vocative)
आरम्भौ (dual vocative)
आरम्भा1 (dual vocative)
आरम्भाः (plural vocative)
आरम्भासः1 (plural vocative)
आरम्भम् (accusative singular)
आरम्भौ (accusative dual)
आरम्भा1 (accusative dual)
आरम्भान् (accusative plural)
आरम्भेण (instrumental singular)
आरम्भाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आरम्भैः (instrumental plural)
आरम्भेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आरम्भाय (dative singular)
आरम्भाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आरम्भेभ्यः (dative plural)
आरम्भात् (ablative singular)
आरम्भाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आरम्भेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आरम्भस्य (genitive singular)
आरम्भयोः (dual genitive)
आरम्भाणाम् (genitive plural)
आरम्भे (locative singular)
आरम्भयोः (dual locative)
आरम्भेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: আৰম্ভ (arombho)

→ Bengali: আরম্ভ (arombho)

→ Hindi: आरंभ (ārambh), आरम्भ (ārambh)

→ Kannada: ಆರಂಭ (ārambha)

→ Malayalam: ആരംഭം (ārambhaṁ)

Pali: ārambha

→ Punjabi: ਅਰੰਭ (arambh)

→ Sinhalese: ආරම්භය (ārambhaya)

→ Tamil: ஆரம்பம் (ārampam)

→ Telugu: ఆరంభము (ārambhamu)

อารัมภ,อารัมภะ,อารัมภ์

→ Thai: อารัมภ/อารัมภะ/อารัมภ์

→ Thai: อารัมภ/อารัมภะ/อารัมภ์

/ɑː.ɾɐm.bʱɐ́/

/ɑːˈɾɐm.bʱɐ/

आ- (ā-) + रम्भ (rambha), the latter from रम्भ् (rambh).

beginning, commencement, undertaking (ant. अन्त (anta))

(drama) the commencement of the action which awakens an interest in the progress of the principal plot


आशा

sa-noun

आशा • (āśā́) stem, f

āśā́ (romanization)
आशा (nominative singular)
आशे (dual nominative)
आशाः (nominative plural)
आशे (singular vocative)
आशे (dual vocative)
आशाः (plural vocative)
आशाम् (accusative singular)
आशे (accusative dual)
आशाः (accusative plural)
आशया (instrumental singular)
आशा1 (instrumental singular)
आशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आशाभिः (instrumental plural)
आशायै (dative singular)
आशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आशाभ्यः (dative plural)
आशायाः (ablative singular)
आशायै2 (ablative singular)
आशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आशाभ्यः (ablative plural)
आशायाः (genitive singular)
आशायै2 (genitive singular)
आशयोः (dual genitive)
आशानाम् (genitive plural)
आशायाम् (locative singular)
आशयोः (dual locative)
आशासु (locative plural)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਆਸ (āsa)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀆𑀲𑀸 (āsā)

Hindustani:

Hindi: आस (ās)

Urdu: آس (ās)

→ Cebuano: asa

→ Gujarati: આશા (āśā)

→ Hindi: आशा (āśā)

→ Khmer: អាសា (ʼaasaa)

→ Lambadi: aasaa

→ Marathi: आशा (āśā)

Marathi: आस (ās)

→ Malay: asa
Indonesian: asa

Pali: āsā

→ Thai: อาสา (aa-sǎa)

→ Tagalog: asa

⇒ Tagalog: pag-asa

⇒ Tagalog: umasa

→ Kannada: ಆಸೆ (āse)

→ Malayalam: ആശ (āśa)

→ Tamil: ஆசை (ācai)

→ Telugu: ఆశ (āśa)


आशा

आशा • (ā́śā) stem, f

ā́śā (romanization)
आशा (nominative singular)
आशे (dual nominative)
आशाः (nominative plural)
आशे (singular vocative)
आशे (dual vocative)
आशाः (plural vocative)
आशाम् (accusative singular)
आशे (accusative dual)
आशाः (accusative plural)
आशया (instrumental singular)
आशा1 (instrumental singular)
आशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आशाभिः (instrumental plural)
आशायै (dative singular)
आशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आशाभ्यः (dative plural)
आशायाः (ablative singular)
आशायै2 (ablative singular)
आशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आशाभ्यः (ablative plural)
आशायाः (genitive singular)
आशायै2 (genitive singular)
आशयोः (dual genitive)
आशानाम् (genitive plural)
आशायाम् (locative singular)
आशयोः (dual locative)
आशासु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ā́śā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ā́ćā ~ *aćas (“region, area”), perhaps from the BMAC substrate. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬀𐬵 (asah).


आश्चर्य

āścarya (romanization)
आश्चर्यः (nominative singular)
आश्चर्यौ (dual nominative)
आश्चर्या1 (dual nominative)
आश्चर्याः (nominative plural)
आश्चर्यासः1 (nominative plural)
आश्चर्य (singular vocative)
आश्चर्यौ (dual vocative)
आश्चर्या1 (dual vocative)
आश्चर्याः (plural vocative)
आश्चर्यासः1 (plural vocative)
आश्चर्यम् (accusative singular)
आश्चर्यौ (accusative dual)
आश्चर्या1 (accusative dual)
आश्चर्यान् (accusative plural)
आश्चर्येण (instrumental singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आश्चर्यैः (instrumental plural)
आश्चर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आश्चर्याय (dative singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
आश्चर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
आश्चर्यात् (ablative singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आश्चर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
आश्चर्यस्य (genitive singular)
आश्चर्ययोः (dual genitive)
आश्चर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
आश्चर्ये (locative singular)
आश्चर्ययोः (dual locative)
आश्चर्येषु (locative plural)
आश्चर्या (nominative singular)
आश्चर्ये (dual nominative)
आश्चर्याः (nominative plural)
आश्चर्ये (singular vocative)
आश्चर्ये (dual vocative)
आश्चर्याः (plural vocative)
आश्चर्याम् (accusative singular)
आश्चर्ये (accusative dual)
आश्चर्याः (accusative plural)
आश्चर्यया (instrumental singular)
आश्चर्या1 (instrumental singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आश्चर्याभिः (instrumental plural)
आश्चर्यायै (dative singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
आश्चर्याभ्यः (dative plural)
आश्चर्यायाः (ablative singular)
आश्चर्यायै2 (ablative singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आश्चर्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
आश्चर्यायाः (genitive singular)
आश्चर्यायै2 (genitive singular)
आश्चर्ययोः (dual genitive)
आश्चर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
आश्चर्यायाम् (locative singular)
आश्चर्ययोः (dual locative)
आश्चर्यासु (locative plural)
आश्चर्यम् (nominative singular)
आश्चर्ये (dual nominative)
आश्चर्याणि (nominative plural)
आश्चर्या1 (nominative plural)
आश्चर्य (singular vocative)
आश्चर्ये (dual vocative)
आश्चर्याणि (plural vocative)
आश्चर्या1 (plural vocative)
आश्चर्यम् (accusative singular)
आश्चर्ये (accusative dual)
आश्चर्याणि (accusative plural)
आश्चर्या1 (accusative plural)
आश्चर्येण (instrumental singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आश्चर्यैः (instrumental plural)
आश्चर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आश्चर्याय (dative singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
आश्चर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
आश्चर्यात् (ablative singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आश्चर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
आश्चर्यस्य (genitive singular)
आश्चर्ययोः (dual genitive)
आश्चर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
आश्चर्ये (locative singular)
आश्चर्ययोः (dual locative)
आश्चर्येषु (locative plural)

/ɑːɕ.t͡ɕɐɾ.jɐ/

/ɑːɕˈt͡ɕɐɾ.jɐ/

curious, marvelous, astonishing, wonderful, extraordinary


आश्चर्य

āścarya (romanization)
आश्चर्यम् (nominative singular)
आश्चर्ये (dual nominative)
आश्चर्याणि (nominative plural)
आश्चर्या1 (nominative plural)
आश्चर्य (singular vocative)
आश्चर्ये (dual vocative)
आश्चर्याणि (plural vocative)
आश्चर्या1 (plural vocative)
आश्चर्यम् (accusative singular)
आश्चर्ये (accusative dual)
आश्चर्याणि (accusative plural)
आश्चर्या1 (accusative plural)
आश्चर्येण (instrumental singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आश्चर्यैः (instrumental plural)
आश्चर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आश्चर्याय (dative singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
आश्चर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
आश्चर्यात् (ablative singular)
आश्चर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आश्चर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
आश्चर्यस्य (genitive singular)
आश्चर्ययोः (dual genitive)
आश्चर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
आश्चर्ये (locative singular)
आश्चर्ययोः (dual locative)
आश्चर्येषु (locative plural)

/ɑːɕ.t͡ɕɐɾ.jɐ/

/ɑːɕˈt͡ɕɐɾ.jɐ/


ईर्षा

sa-noun

ईर्षा • (īrṣā) stem, f

īrṣā (romanization)
ईर्षा (nominative singular)
ईर्षे (dual nominative)
ईर्षाः (nominative plural)
ईर्षे (singular vocative)
ईर्षे (dual vocative)
ईर्षाः (plural vocative)
ईर्षाम् (accusative singular)
ईर्षे (accusative dual)
ईर्षाः (accusative plural)
ईर्षया (instrumental singular)
ईर्षा1 (instrumental singular)
ईर्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ईर्षाभिः (instrumental plural)
ईर्षायै (dative singular)
ईर्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ईर्षाभ्यः (dative plural)
ईर्षायाः (ablative singular)
ईर्षायै2 (ablative singular)
ईर्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ईर्षाभ्यः (ablative plural)
ईर्षायाः (genitive singular)
ईर्षायै2 (genitive singular)
ईर्षयोः (dual genitive)
ईर्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
ईर्षायाम् (locative singular)
ईर्षयोः (dual locative)
ईर्षासु (locative plural)

From a root ईर्ष्य् (īrṣy). Corruption of ईर्ष्या (īrṣyā).

envy or impatience over another's success


गुरुवार

guruvāra (romanization)
गुरुवारः (nominative singular)
गुरुवारौ (dual nominative)
गुरुवारा1 (dual nominative)
गुरुवाराः (nominative plural)
गुरुवारासः1 (nominative plural)
गुरुवार (singular vocative)
गुरुवारौ (dual vocative)
गुरुवारा1 (dual vocative)
गुरुवाराः (plural vocative)
गुरुवारासः1 (plural vocative)
गुरुवारम् (accusative singular)
गुरुवारौ (accusative dual)
गुरुवारा1 (accusative dual)
गुरुवारान् (accusative plural)
गुरुवारेण (instrumental singular)
गुरुवाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गुरुवारैः (instrumental plural)
गुरुवारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गुरुवाराय (dative singular)
गुरुवाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
गुरुवारेभ्यः (dative plural)
गुरुवारात् (ablative singular)
गुरुवाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गुरुवारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गुरुवारस्य (genitive singular)
गुरुवारयोः (dual genitive)
गुरुवाराणाम् (genitive plural)
गुरुवारे (locative singular)
गुरुवारयोः (dual locative)
गुरुवारेषु (locative plural)

/ɡu.ɾu.ʋɑː.ɾɐ/

/ɡu.ɾuˈʋɑː.ɾɐ/


उत्तर

úttara (romanization)
उत्तरः (nominative singular)
उत्तरौ (dual nominative)
उत्तरा1 (dual nominative)
उत्तराः (nominative plural)
उत्तरासः1 (nominative plural)
उत्तर (singular vocative)
उत्तरौ (dual vocative)
उत्तरा1 (dual vocative)
उत्तराः (plural vocative)
उत्तरासः1 (plural vocative)
उत्तरम् (accusative singular)
उत्तरौ (accusative dual)
उत्तरा1 (accusative dual)
उत्तरान् (accusative plural)
उत्तरेण (instrumental singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उत्तरैः (instrumental plural)
उत्तरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उत्तराय (dative singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (dative dual)
उत्तरेभ्यः (dative plural)
उत्तरात् (ablative singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उत्तरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उत्तरस्य (genitive singular)
उत्तरयोः (dual genitive)
उत्तराणाम् (genitive plural)
उत्तरे (locative singular)
उत्तरयोः (dual locative)
उत्तरेषु (locative plural)
उत्तरा (nominative singular)
उत्तरे (dual nominative)
उत्तराः (nominative plural)
उत्तरे (singular vocative)
उत्तरे (dual vocative)
उत्तराः (plural vocative)
उत्तराम् (accusative singular)
उत्तरे (accusative dual)
उत्तराः (accusative plural)
उत्तरया (instrumental singular)
उत्तरा1 (instrumental singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उत्तराभिः (instrumental plural)
उत्तरायै (dative singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (dative dual)
उत्तराभ्यः (dative plural)
उत्तरायाः (ablative singular)
उत्तरायै2 (ablative singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उत्तराभ्यः (ablative plural)
उत्तरायाः (genitive singular)
उत्तरायै2 (genitive singular)
उत्तरयोः (dual genitive)
उत्तराणाम् (genitive plural)
उत्तरायाम् (locative singular)
उत्तरयोः (dual locative)
उत्तरासु (locative plural)
उत्तरम् (nominative singular)
उत्तरे (dual nominative)
उत्तराणि (nominative plural)
उत्तरा1 (nominative plural)
उत्तर (singular vocative)
उत्तरे (dual vocative)
उत्तराणि (plural vocative)
उत्तरा1 (plural vocative)
उत्तरम् (accusative singular)
उत्तरे (accusative dual)
उत्तराणि (accusative plural)
उत्तरा1 (accusative plural)
उत्तरेण (instrumental singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उत्तरैः (instrumental plural)
उत्तरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उत्तराय (dative singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (dative dual)
उत्तरेभ्यः (dative plural)
उत्तरात् (ablative singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उत्तरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उत्तरस्य (genitive singular)
उत्तरयोः (dual genitive)
उत्तराणाम् (genitive plural)
उत्तरे (locative singular)
उत्तरयोः (dual locative)
उत्तरेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *útˢtaras, from Proto-Indo-European *údteros (“higher; later”). Equivalent to उत्- (ut-) + -तर (-tara). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὕστερος (hústeros, “latter”), Pashto استرۍ (ustərai).

cog

[ˈut̪̚.t̪ɐ.ɾɐ]

उद्व॒यं तम॑स॒स्परि॒ ज्योति॒ष्पश्य॑न्त॒ उत्त॑रम्।
दे॒वं दे॑व॒त्रा सूर्य॒मग॑न्म॒ ज्योति॑रुत्त॒मम्॥
údvayáṃ támasaspári jyótiṣpáśyanta úttaram.
deváṃ devatrā́ sū́ryamáganma jyótiruttamám.
Looking upon the loftier light above the darkness we have come

To Sūrya, God among the Gods, the light that is most excellent.

इ॒न्द्रा॒णीमा॒सु नारि॑षु सु॒भगा॑म॒हम॑श्रवम्।
न॒ह्य॑स्या अप॒रं च॒न ज॒रसा॒ मर॑ते॒ पति॒र्विश्व॑स्मा॒दिन्द्र॒ उत्त॑रः॥
indrāṇī́māsú nā́riṣu subhágāmahámaśravam.
nahyàsyā aparáṃ caná jarásā márate pátirvíśvasmādíndra úttaraḥ.

For never shall her Consort die in future time through length of days. Superior is Indra to all.

So I have heard Indrāṇī being called most fortunate among these women,


उत्तर

úttara (romanization)
उत्तरम् (nominative singular)
उत्तरे (dual nominative)
उत्तराणि (nominative plural)
उत्तरा1 (nominative plural)
उत्तर (singular vocative)
उत्तरे (dual vocative)
उत्तराणि (plural vocative)
उत्तरा1 (plural vocative)
उत्तरम् (accusative singular)
उत्तरे (accusative dual)
उत्तराणि (accusative plural)
उत्तरा1 (accusative plural)
उत्तरेण (instrumental singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उत्तरैः (instrumental plural)
उत्तरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उत्तराय (dative singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (dative dual)
उत्तरेभ्यः (dative plural)
उत्तरात् (ablative singular)
उत्तराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उत्तरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उत्तरस्य (genitive singular)
उत्तरयोः (dual genitive)
उत्तराणाम् (genitive plural)
उत्तरे (locative singular)
उत्तरयोः (dual locative)
उत्तरेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: উত্তর (uttor)

→ Hindi: उत्तर (uttar)

→ Kannada: ಉತ್ತರ (uttara)

desctree

→ Malay: utara, utară (1924-1972)
→ Indonesian: utara

→ Malayalam: ഉത്തര (uttara)

→ Marathi: उत्तर (uttar)

Pali: uttara

→ Burmese: ဥတ္တရ (utta.ra.)

→ Khmer: ឧត្តរ (ʼutdɑɑ)

→ Thai: อุดร (ù-dɔɔn)

→ Punjabi: ਉੱਤਰ (uttar)

Rohingya: uttor, utor

Helu Prakrit: 𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀭 (uttara)

Dhivehi: އުތުރު (uturu)

→ Tamil: உத்தரவு (uttaravu)

[ˈut̪̚.t̪ɐ.ɾɐ]


उत्तर

उद्- (ud-, “over, above”) + तॄ (tṝ, “to cross”).

compound

[ˈut̪̚.t̪ɐ.ɾɐ]

Monier Williams
w:Monier Monier-Williams

Clarendon Press
w:Oxford University Press


गंगा

head

गंगा • (gaṃgā) f

gaṃgā (romanization)
गंगा (nominative singular)
गंगे (dual nominative)
गंगाः (nominative plural)
गंगे (singular vocative)
गंगे (dual vocative)
गंगाः (plural vocative)
गंगाम् (accusative singular)
गंगे (accusative dual)
गंगाः (accusative plural)
गंगया (instrumental singular)
गंगा1 (instrumental singular)
गंगाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गंगाभिः (instrumental plural)
गंगायै (dative singular)
गंगाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गंगाभ्यः (dative plural)
गंगायाः (ablative singular)
गंगायै2 (ablative singular)
गंगाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गंगाभ्यः (ablative plural)
गंगायाः (genitive singular)
गंगायै2 (genitive singular)
गंगयोः (dual genitive)
गंगानाम् (genitive plural)
गंगायाम् (locative singular)
गंगयोः (dual locative)
गंगासु (locative plural)

गङ्गा गङ्गा#Sanskrit

Alternative spelling of गङ्गा (gaṅgā, “Ganges”)


गीता

gītā́ (romanization)
गीता (nominative singular)
गीते (dual nominative)
गीताः (nominative plural)
गीते (singular vocative)
गीते (dual vocative)
गीताः (plural vocative)
गीताम् (accusative singular)
गीते (accusative dual)
गीताः (accusative plural)
गीतया (instrumental singular)
गीता1 (instrumental singular)
गीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गीताभिः (instrumental plural)
गीतायै (dative singular)
गीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
गीताभ्यः (dative plural)
गीतायाः (ablative singular)
गीतायै2 (ablative singular)
गीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गीताभ्यः (ablative plural)
गीतायाः (genitive singular)
गीतायै2 (genitive singular)
गीतयोः (dual genitive)
गीतानाम् (genitive plural)
गीतायाम् (locative singular)
गीतयोः (dual locative)
गीतासु (locative plural)

From the root गै (gai, “to sing”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬁𐬚𐬁 (gāθā, “form of strophe, metre, namely the collections of Zarathustra's songs, the Gathas”).


गम्भीर

gambhīra (romanization)
गाह् (root)
गम्भीरः (nominative singular)
गम्भीरौ (dual nominative)
गम्भीरा1 (dual nominative)
गम्भीराः (nominative plural)
गम्भीरासः1 (nominative plural)
गम्भीर (singular vocative)
गम्भीरौ (dual vocative)
गम्भीरा1 (dual vocative)
गम्भीराः (plural vocative)
गम्भीरासः1 (plural vocative)
गम्भीरम् (accusative singular)
गम्भीरौ (accusative dual)
गम्भीरा1 (accusative dual)
गम्भीरान् (accusative plural)
गम्भीरेण (instrumental singular)
गम्भीराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गम्भीरैः (instrumental plural)
गम्भीरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गम्भीराय (dative singular)
गम्भीराभ्याम् (dative dual)
गम्भीरेभ्यः (dative plural)
गम्भीरात् (ablative singular)
गम्भीराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गम्भीरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गम्भीरस्य (genitive singular)
गम्भीरयोः (dual genitive)
गम्भीराणाम् (genitive plural)
गम्भीरे (locative singular)
गम्भीरयोः (dual locative)
गम्भीरेषु (locative plural)
गम्भीरा (nominative singular)
गम्भीरे (dual nominative)
गम्भीराः (nominative plural)
गम्भीरे (singular vocative)
गम्भीरे (dual vocative)
गम्भीराः (plural vocative)
गम्भीराम् (accusative singular)
गम्भीरे (accusative dual)
गम्भीराः (accusative plural)
गम्भीरया (instrumental singular)
गम्भीरा1 (instrumental singular)
गम्भीराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गम्भीराभिः (instrumental plural)
गम्भीरायै (dative singular)
गम्भीराभ्याम् (dative dual)
गम्भीराभ्यः (dative plural)
गम्भीरायाः (ablative singular)
गम्भीरायै2 (ablative singular)
गम्भीराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गम्भीराभ्यः (ablative plural)
गम्भीरायाः (genitive singular)
गम्भीरायै2 (genitive singular)
गम्भीरयोः (dual genitive)
गम्भीराणाम् (genitive plural)
गम्भीरायाम् (locative singular)
गम्भीरयोः (dual locative)
गम्भीरासु (locative plural)
गम्भीरम् (nominative singular)
गम्भीरे (dual nominative)
गम्भीराणि (nominative plural)
गम्भीरा1 (nominative plural)
गम्भीर (singular vocative)
गम्भीरे (dual vocative)
गम्भीराणि (plural vocative)
गम्भीरा1 (plural vocative)
गम्भीरम् (accusative singular)
गम्भीरे (accusative dual)
गम्भीराणि (accusative plural)
गम्भीरा1 (accusative plural)
गम्भीरेण (instrumental singular)
गम्भीराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गम्भीरैः (instrumental plural)
गम्भीरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गम्भीराय (dative singular)
गम्भीराभ्याम् (dative dual)
गम्भीरेभ्यः (dative plural)
गम्भीरात् (ablative singular)
गम्भीराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गम्भीरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गम्भीरस्य (genitive singular)
गम्भीरयोः (dual genitive)
गम्भीराणाम् (genitive plural)
गम्भीरे (locative singular)
गम्भीरयोः (dual locative)
गम्भीरेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Waigali: Gambī́r

Pali: gambhīra

→ Thai: คัมภีร์ (kam-pii)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀕𑀁𑀪𑀻𑀭 (gaṃbhīra), 𑀕𑀁𑀪𑀻𑀭𑀺𑀅 (gaṃbhīria)

Central:

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Old Awadhi: गंभीरा (gaṃbhīrā)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: gambhīr

Hindi: गंभीर

Urdu: گَمبھِیر (gambhīr)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Sindhi: gãbhīru

Arabic script: گَنڀِيرُ

Devanagari script: गँभीरु

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ގެނބުރު (geᵐburu)

Sinhalese: ගැඹුරු (gæᵐburu)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: गंभीर (gambhīr)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Old Gujarati:

Old Marwari: घमीर (ghamīr)

→ Malay: gembira

→ Indonesian: gembira

→ Malayalam: ഗംഭീരം (gambhīraṁ)

/ɡɐm.bʱiː.ɾɐ́/

/ɡɐmˈbʱiː.ɾɐ/


चोर

corá (romanization)
चोरः (nominative singular)
चोरौ (dual nominative)
चोरा1 (dual nominative)
चोराः (nominative plural)
चोरासः1 (nominative plural)
चोर (singular vocative)
चोरौ (dual vocative)
चोरा1 (dual vocative)
चोराः (plural vocative)
चोरासः1 (plural vocative)
चोरम् (accusative singular)
चोरौ (accusative dual)
चोरा1 (accusative dual)
चोरान् (accusative plural)
चोरेण (instrumental singular)
चोराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चोरैः (instrumental plural)
चोरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चोराय (dative singular)
चोराभ्याम् (dative dual)
चोरेभ्यः (dative plural)
चोरात् (ablative singular)
चोराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चोरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चोरस्य (genitive singular)
चोरयोः (dual genitive)
चोराणाम् (genitive plural)
चोरे (locative singular)
चोरयोः (dual locative)
चोरेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: চোৰ (sür)

Bengali: চোর (cōr)

Chakma: 𑄌𑄪𑄢𑄴 (cur)

Rohingya: sur

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀘𑁄𑀭 (cora) (see there for further descendants)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਚੋਰ (cor)

Pali: cora

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀘𑁄𑀭 (cora) (see there for further descendants)

→ Kannada: ಚೋರ (cōra)

→ Khmer: ចោរ (cao)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: cora, corah
> Javanese: ꦕꦺꦴꦫ (cora) (inherited)

⇒ Telugu: చోరుడు (cōruḍu)

→ Thai: โจร (joon)

Probably borrowed from either Dravidian or Austroasiatic. The Sanskrit root चुर् (cur, “to steal, rob”) likely derives from this word, rather than the other way around.

चित्तचोर

a metaphorical epithet of the deity Krishna; thief of the mind


गान

gāna (romanization)
गानम् (nominative singular)
गाने (dual nominative)
गानानि (nominative plural)
गाना1 (nominative plural)
गान (singular vocative)
गाने (dual vocative)
गानानि (plural vocative)
गाना1 (plural vocative)
गानम् (accusative singular)
गाने (accusative dual)
गानानि (accusative plural)
गाना1 (accusative plural)
गानेन (instrumental singular)
गानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गानैः (instrumental plural)
गानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गानाय (dative singular)
गानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गानेभ्यः (dative plural)
गानात् (ablative singular)
गानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गानस्य (genitive singular)
गानयोः (dual genitive)
गानानाम् (genitive plural)
गाने (locative singular)
गानयोः (dual locative)
गानेषु (locative plural)

Pali: gāna


दिन

dína (romanization)
दिनः (nominative singular)
दिनौ (dual nominative)
दिना1 (dual nominative)
दिनाः (nominative plural)
दिनासः1 (nominative plural)
दिन (singular vocative)
दिनौ (dual vocative)
दिना1 (dual vocative)
दिनाः (plural vocative)
दिनासः1 (plural vocative)
दिनम् (accusative singular)
दिनौ (accusative dual)
दिना1 (accusative dual)
दिनान् (accusative plural)
दिनेन (instrumental singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दिनैः (instrumental plural)
दिनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दिनाय (dative singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दिनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दिनात् (ablative singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दिनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिनस्य (genitive singular)
दिनयोः (dual genitive)
दिनानाम् (genitive plural)
दिने (locative singular)
दिनयोः (dual locative)
दिनेषु (locative plural)
दिनम् (nominative singular)
दिने (dual nominative)
दिनानि (nominative plural)
दिना1 (nominative plural)
दिन (singular vocative)
दिने (dual vocative)
दिनानि (plural vocative)
दिना1 (plural vocative)
दिनम् (accusative singular)
दिने (accusative dual)
दिनानि (accusative plural)
दिना1 (accusative plural)
दिनेन (instrumental singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दिनैः (instrumental plural)
दिनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दिनाय (dative singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दिनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दिनात् (ablative singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दिनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिनस्य (genitive singular)
दिनयोः (dual genitive)
दिनानाम् (genitive plural)
दिने (locative singular)
दिनयोः (dual locative)
दिनेषु (locative plural)

Awadhi: दिन (din)

Gujarati: દિન (din)

Hindi: दिन (din)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀤𑀺𑀦 (dina)

Assamese: দিন (din)

Bengali: দিন (din)

Chakma: 𑄘𑄨𑄚𑄴 (din)

Odia: ଦିନ (dina)

Rohingya: din

Sylheti: ꠖꠤꠘ (din)

Marathi: दिन (din)

Nepali: दिन (dina)

Punjabi: ਦਿਨ (din)

→ Old Javanese: dina
Javanese: ꦢꦶꦤ (dina), ꦫꦶꦤ (rina), ꦢꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (dinten), ꦫꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (rinten)
→ Balinese: ᬤᬶᬦ (dina)

→ Kannada: ದಿನ (dina)

→ Malayalam: ദിനം (dinaṁ)

→ Tamil: தினம் (tiṉam)

→ Telugu: దినము (dinamu)

→ Tulu: ದಿನ (dina)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dinám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dinám, from Proto-Indo-European *dyew- (“to shine”). Cognate to the root *déy-no-, whence Lithuanian diena, Proto-Slavic *dьnь (whence Russian день (denʹ), Bulgarian ден (den), Macedonian ден (den), Old Church Slavonic дьнь (dĭnĭ)). Other cognates include Old Armenian տիւ (tiw, “daytime”), Latin diēs (“day”).


दिन

diná (romanization)
दिनः (nominative singular)
दिनौ (dual nominative)
दिना1 (dual nominative)
दिनाः (nominative plural)
दिनासः1 (nominative plural)
दिन (singular vocative)
दिनौ (dual vocative)
दिना1 (dual vocative)
दिनाः (plural vocative)
दिनासः1 (plural vocative)
दिनम् (accusative singular)
दिनौ (accusative dual)
दिना1 (accusative dual)
दिनान् (accusative plural)
दिनेन (instrumental singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दिनैः (instrumental plural)
दिनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दिनाय (dative singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दिनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दिनात् (ablative singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दिनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिनस्य (genitive singular)
दिनयोः (dual genitive)
दिनानाम् (genitive plural)
दिने (locative singular)
दिनयोः (dual locative)
दिनेषु (locative plural)
दिना (nominative singular)
दिने (dual nominative)
दिनाः (nominative plural)
दिने (singular vocative)
दिने (dual vocative)
दिनाः (plural vocative)
दिनाम् (accusative singular)
दिने (accusative dual)
दिनाः (accusative plural)
दिनया (instrumental singular)
दिना1 (instrumental singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दिनाभिः (instrumental plural)
दिनायै (dative singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दिनाभ्यः (dative plural)
दिनायाः (ablative singular)
दिनायै2 (ablative singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दिनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिनायाः (genitive singular)
दिनायै2 (genitive singular)
दिनयोः (dual genitive)
दिनानाम् (genitive plural)
दिनायाम् (locative singular)
दिनयोः (dual locative)
दिनासु (locative plural)
दिनम् (nominative singular)
दिने (dual nominative)
दिनानि (nominative plural)
दिना1 (nominative plural)
दिन (singular vocative)
दिने (dual vocative)
दिनानि (plural vocative)
दिना1 (plural vocative)
दिनम् (accusative singular)
दिने (accusative dual)
दिनानि (accusative plural)
दिना1 (accusative plural)
दिनेन (instrumental singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दिनैः (instrumental plural)
दिनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दिनाय (dative singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दिनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दिनात् (ablative singular)
दिनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दिनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिनस्य (genitive singular)
दिनयोः (dual genitive)
दिनानाम् (genitive plural)
दिने (locative singular)
दिनयोः (dual locative)
दिनेषु (locative plural)

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


गर्भ

gárbha (romanization)
गर्भः (nominative singular)
गर्भौ (dual nominative)
गर्भा1 (dual nominative)
गर्भाः (nominative plural)
गर्भासः1 (nominative plural)
गर्भ (singular vocative)
गर्भौ (dual vocative)
गर्भा1 (dual vocative)
गर्भाः (plural vocative)
गर्भासः1 (plural vocative)
गर्भम् (accusative singular)
गर्भौ (accusative dual)
गर्भा1 (accusative dual)
गर्भान् (accusative plural)
गर्भेण (instrumental singular)
गर्भाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गर्भैः (instrumental plural)
गर्भेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गर्भाय (dative singular)
गर्भाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गर्भेभ्यः (dative plural)
गर्भात् (ablative singular)
गर्भाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गर्भेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गर्भस्य (genitive singular)
गर्भयोः (dual genitive)
गर्भाणाम् (genitive plural)
गर्भे (locative singular)
गर्भयोः (dual locative)
गर्भेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪 (gabbha)
Central:
Hindi: गाभ (gābh)
Southern:
Old Marathi: 𑘐𑘰𑘥 (gābha)

desc

⇒ Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪-𑀅 (*gabbha-a)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: गाभा (gābhā), गर्भ (garbha)

Modi script: 𑘐𑘰𑘥𑘰 (gābhā)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਗੱਭ (gabbha, “middle”)

Pali: gabbha

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪 (gabbha)

Hindi: गाभ (gābh, “pregnancy in animals”)

Sinhalese: ගර්භය (garbhaya, “womb, foetus”)

→ Hindi: गर्भ (garbh)

→ Kannada: ಗರ್ಭ (garbha)

→ Khmer: គភ៌ (kɔə)

→ Lao: ຄັນ (khan)

→ Malayalam: ഗർഭം (gaṟbhaṁ)

→ Tamil: கருப்பம் (karuppam)

→ Telugu: గర్భము (garbhamu)

→ Thai: ครรภ์ (kan)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gárbʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷólbʰ-o-s, from *gʷelbʰ- (“womb”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬀 (gar^əβa), Ancient Greek δελφύς (delphús, “womb”).

गर्भे॒ नु सन्नन्वे॑षामवेदम॒हं दे॒वानां॒ जनि॑मानि॒ विश्वा॑।
श॒तं मा॒ पुर॒ आय॑सीररक्ष॒न्नध॑ श्ये॒नो ज॒वसा॒ निर॑दीयम्॥
gárbhe nú sánnánveṣāmavedamaháṃ devā́nāṃ jánimāni víśvā.

Being still in the womb, I have known all the births of these divinities in their order; a hundred bodies of metal confined me, but as a hawk I came forth with speed.

śatáṃ mā púra ā́yasīrarakṣannádha śyenó javásā níradīyam.

अ॒रण्यो॒र्निहि॑तो जा॒तवे॑दा॒ गर्भ॑ इव॒ सुधि॑तो ग॒र्भिणी॑षु।
दि॒वेदि॑व॒ ईड्यो॑ जागृ॒वद्भि॑र्ह॒विष्म॑द्भिर्मनु॒ष्ये॑भिर॒ग्निः॥
aráṇyorníhito jātávedā gárbha iva súdhito garbhíṇīṣu.
divédiva ī́ḍyo jāgṛvádbhirhavíṣmadbhirmanuṣyèbhiragníḥ.

Jātavedas has been deposited in the two sticks as the embryo is deposited in pregnant women; Agni is to be adored day by day by vigilant men laden with oblations.

अभीवृतेव ता महापदेन ध्वान्तात्प्रपित्वादुदरन्त गर्भाः॥

As if encompassed by the Mighty-footed, from darkness, near at hand, forth came the Children.

abhī́vṛteva tā́ mahāpadéna dhvāntā́tprapitvā́dúdaranta gárbhāḥ.

child, offspring, brood (especially of birds)

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

the inside, middle or interior of anything


ग्रीष्म

sa-noun

ग्रीष्म • (grīṣmá) stem, m

grīṣmá (romanization)
ग्रीष्मः (nominative singular)
ग्रीष्मौ (dual nominative)
ग्रीष्मा1 (dual nominative)
ग्रीष्माः (nominative plural)
ग्रीष्मासः1 (nominative plural)
ग्रीष्म (singular vocative)
ग्रीष्मौ (dual vocative)
ग्रीष्मा1 (dual vocative)
ग्रीष्माः (plural vocative)
ग्रीष्मासः1 (plural vocative)
ग्रीष्मम् (accusative singular)
ग्रीष्मौ (accusative dual)
ग्रीष्मा1 (accusative dual)
ग्रीष्मान् (accusative plural)
ग्रीष्मेण (instrumental singular)
ग्रीष्माभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ग्रीष्मैः (instrumental plural)
ग्रीष्मेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ग्रीष्माय (dative singular)
ग्रीष्माभ्याम् (dative dual)
ग्रीष्मेभ्यः (dative plural)
ग्रीष्मात् (ablative singular)
ग्रीष्माभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ग्रीष्मेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ग्रीष्मस्य (genitive singular)
ग्रीष्मयोः (dual genitive)
ग्रीष्माणाम् (genitive plural)
ग्रीष्मे (locative singular)
ग्रीष्मयोः (dual locative)
ग्रीष्मेषु (locative plural)

Pali: gimha

Khowar: گرِݰپو (griṣpó)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀳 (gimha)

Marathi: गीह्म (gīhma), गीम (gīm)

→ Bengali: গ্রীষ্ম (griśśõ)

→ Galician: gríxema

→ Kannada: ಗ್ರೀಷ್ಮ (grīṣma)

→ Telugu: గ్రీష్మము (grīṣmamu)

→ Malayalam: ഗ്രീഷ്മം (grīṣmaṁ)

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂-smh₂-ós, from *gʷreh₂- (“heavy”) + *semh₂- (“summer”). Compare समा (sámā). Also cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬨𐬀 (hama), Persian هامین (hâmin), Old English sumor (whence English summer) through the latter component.

वाचा मेन्द्रियेणाविश वसन्तम् ऋतूनां प्रीणामि स मा प्रीतः प्रीणातु
ग्रीष्मम् ऋतूनां प्रीणामि स मा प्रीतः प्रीणातु
वर्षा ऋतूनां प्रीणामि ता मा प्रीताः प्रीणन्तु
शरदम् ऋतूनां प्रीणामि सा मा प्रीता प्रीणातु
हेमन्त-शिशिराव् ऋतूनां प्रीणामि तौ मा प्रीतौ प्रीणीताम् अग्नी-षोमयोर् अहं देवयज्यया चक्षुष्मां भूयासम अग्नेर् अहं देवयज्यया ऽन्नादो भूयासम् ॥
vācā mendriyeṇāviśa vasantam ṛtūnāṃ prīṇāmi sa mā prītaḥ prīṇātu
grīṣmam ṛtūnāṃ prīṇāmi sa mā prītaḥ prīṇātu
varṣā ṛtūnāṃ prīṇāmi tā mā prītāḥ prīṇantu
śaradam ṛtūnāṃ prīṇāmi sā mā prītā prīṇātu

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) I.6.2.3

Do thou enter me with speech, with power of senses. Of all the seasons, spring I love; beloved, may it delight me.
Of the all seasons summer I love; beloved, may it delight me.
Of all the seasons the rains I love; beloved, may they delight me.
Of the all seasons the autumn I delight; beloved, may it delight me.
Of the seasons the winter and the cool I love; beloved, may they two delight me.
By obeisance to the gods, Agni and Soma, may I be possessed of sight. By obeisance to the god Agni, may I be an eater of food.

hemanta-śiśirāv ṛtūnāṃ prīṇāmi tau mā prītau prīṇītām agnī-ṣomayor ahaṃ devayajyayā cakṣuṣmāṃ bhūyāsama agner ahaṃ devayajyayā ʼnnādo bhūyāsam.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

summer, the hot season (from the middle of May to the middle of July)


गीत

head

गीत • (gītá)

gītá (romanization)
गीतः (nominative singular)
गीतौ (dual nominative)
गीता1 (dual nominative)
गीताः (nominative plural)
गीतासः1 (nominative plural)
गीत (singular vocative)
गीतौ (dual vocative)
गीता1 (dual vocative)
गीताः (plural vocative)
गीतासः1 (plural vocative)
गीतम् (accusative singular)
गीतौ (accusative dual)
गीता1 (accusative dual)
गीतान् (accusative plural)
गीतेन (instrumental singular)
गीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गीतैः (instrumental plural)
गीतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गीताय (dative singular)
गीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
गीतेभ्यः (dative plural)
गीतात् (ablative singular)
गीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गीतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गीतस्य (genitive singular)
गीतयोः (dual genitive)
गीतानाम् (genitive plural)
गीते (locative singular)
गीतयोः (dual locative)
गीतेषु (locative plural)
गीता (nominative singular)
गीते (dual nominative)
गीताः (nominative plural)
गीते (singular vocative)
गीते (dual vocative)
गीताः (plural vocative)
गीताम् (accusative singular)
गीते (accusative dual)
गीताः (accusative plural)
गीतया (instrumental singular)
गीता1 (instrumental singular)
गीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गीताभिः (instrumental plural)
गीतायै (dative singular)
गीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
गीताभ्यः (dative plural)
गीतायाः (ablative singular)
गीतायै2 (ablative singular)
गीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गीताभ्यः (ablative plural)
गीतायाः (genitive singular)
गीतायै2 (genitive singular)
गीतयोः (dual genitive)
गीतानाम् (genitive plural)
गीतायाम् (locative singular)
गीतयोः (dual locative)
गीतासु (locative plural)
गीतम् (nominative singular)
गीते (dual nominative)
गीतानि (nominative plural)
गीता1 (nominative plural)
गीत (singular vocative)
गीते (dual vocative)
गीतानि (plural vocative)
गीता1 (plural vocative)
गीतम् (accusative singular)
गीते (accusative dual)
गीतानि (accusative plural)
गीता1 (accusative plural)
गीतेन (instrumental singular)
गीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गीतैः (instrumental plural)
गीतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गीताय (dative singular)
गीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
गीतेभ्यः (dative plural)
गीतात् (ablative singular)
गीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गीतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गीतस्य (genitive singular)
गीतयोः (dual genitive)
गीतानाम् (genitive plural)
गीते (locative singular)
गीतयोः (dual locative)
गीतेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *giHtás, Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾iH-tós, from *g⁽ʷ⁾eH (“to sing, cry”). The Sanskrit root is गै (gai).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬁𐬚𐬁 (gāθā, “form of strophe, metre, namely the collections of Zarathustra's songs, the Gathas”).


गीत

gītá (romanization)
गीतम् (nominative singular)
गीते (dual nominative)
गीतानि (nominative plural)
गीता1 (nominative plural)
गीत (singular vocative)
गीते (dual vocative)
गीतानि (plural vocative)
गीता1 (plural vocative)
गीतम् (accusative singular)
गीते (accusative dual)
गीतानि (accusative plural)
गीता1 (accusative plural)
गीतेन (instrumental singular)
गीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गीतैः (instrumental plural)
गीतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गीताय (dative singular)
गीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
गीतेभ्यः (dative plural)
गीतात् (ablative singular)
गीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गीतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गीतस्य (genitive singular)
गीतयोः (dual genitive)
गीतानाम् (genitive plural)
गीते (locative singular)
गीतयोः (dual locative)
गीतेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: गीत (gīt), गीता (gītā)

Urdu: گیت (get), گیتا (getā)

→ Malayalam: ഗീതം (gītaṁ)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀻𑀅 (gīa)

Odia: ଗୀତ (gita)

desctree

Pali: gīta
→ Burmese: ဂီတ (gita.)
→ Thai: คีต (kîit), คีตะ (kii-dtà)

Punjabi: ਗੀਤ (gīt)

→ Tamil: கீதம் (kītam)


घण्टा

ghaṇṭā (romanization)
घण्टा (nominative singular)
घण्टे (dual nominative)
घण्टाः (nominative plural)
घण्टे (singular vocative)
घण्टे (dual vocative)
घण्टाः (plural vocative)
घण्टाम् (accusative singular)
घण्टे (accusative dual)
घण्टाः (accusative plural)
घण्टया (instrumental singular)
घण्टा1 (instrumental singular)
घण्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घण्टाभिः (instrumental plural)
घण्टायै (dative singular)
घण्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घण्टाभ्यः (dative plural)
घण्टायाः (ablative singular)
घण्टायै2 (ablative singular)
घण्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घण्टाभ्यः (ablative plural)
घण्टायाः (genitive singular)
घण्टायै2 (genitive singular)
घण्टयोः (dual genitive)
घण्टानाम् (genitive plural)
घण्टायाम् (locative singular)
घण्टयोः (dual locative)
घण्टासु (locative plural)

Hindi: घंटा (ghaṇṭā)

Nepali: घण्टा (ghaṇṭā)

a plate of iron or mixed metal struck as a clock


घास

ghāsá (romanization)
घासः (nominative singular)
घासौ (dual nominative)
घासा1 (dual nominative)
घासाः (nominative plural)
घासासः1 (nominative plural)
घास (singular vocative)
घासौ (dual vocative)
घासा1 (dual vocative)
घासाः (plural vocative)
घासासः1 (plural vocative)
घासम् (accusative singular)
घासौ (accusative dual)
घासा1 (accusative dual)
घासान् (accusative plural)
घासेन (instrumental singular)
घासाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घासैः (instrumental plural)
घासेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
घासाय (dative singular)
घासाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घासेभ्यः (dative plural)
घासात् (ablative singular)
घासाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घासेभ्यः (ablative plural)
घासस्य (genitive singular)
घासयोः (dual genitive)
घासानाम् (genitive plural)
घासे (locative singular)
घासयोः (dual locative)
घासेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: گاسہٕ (gāsụ), गासॖ (gāsụ)

Kalasha: khas

Khowar: گاز (gaz)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: গাস (gaś)

Early Assamese: ঘাঁস (gha̐so)

Assamese: ঘাঁহ (ghãh)

Odia: ଘାସ (ghāsa)

Sylheti: ꠊꠣ (gá)

Paisachi Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਘਾਹ (ghāh) / گھاہ (ghāh)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: گاهه (gāhu)

Devanagari script: गाहु (gāhu)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀖𑀸𑀲 (ghāsa)

Gujarati: ઘાસ (ghās)

Hindustani:

Hindi: घास (ghās)

Urdu: گھاس (ghās)

Romani: khas (“hay”)

Kholosi: xāz

Nepali: घाँस (ghā̃s)

→ Newar: घाँय् (ghæ̃)

From the root घस् (ghas, “to eat, consume”).

sa-root

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda


गोद

goda (romanization)
गोदः (nominative singular)
गोदौ (dual nominative)
गोदा1 (dual nominative)
गोदाः (nominative plural)
गोदासः1 (nominative plural)
गोद (singular vocative)
गोदौ (dual vocative)
गोदा1 (dual vocative)
गोदाः (plural vocative)
गोदासः1 (plural vocative)
गोदम् (accusative singular)
गोदौ (accusative dual)
गोदा1 (accusative dual)
गोदान् (accusative plural)
गोदेन (instrumental singular)
गोदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोदैः (instrumental plural)
गोदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गोदाय (dative singular)
गोदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोदेभ्यः (dative plural)
गोदात् (ablative singular)
गोदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोदस्य (genitive singular)
गोदयोः (dual genitive)
गोदानाम् (genitive plural)
गोदे (locative singular)
गोदयोः (dual locative)
गोदेषु (locative plural)
गोदा (nominative singular)
गोदे (dual nominative)
गोदाः (nominative plural)
गोदे (singular vocative)
गोदे (dual vocative)
गोदाः (plural vocative)
गोदाम् (accusative singular)
गोदे (accusative dual)
गोदाः (accusative plural)
गोदया (instrumental singular)
गोदा1 (instrumental singular)
गोदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोदाभिः (instrumental plural)
गोदायै (dative singular)
गोदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोदाभ्यः (dative plural)
गोदायाः (ablative singular)
गोदायै2 (ablative singular)
गोदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोदाभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोदायाः (genitive singular)
गोदायै2 (genitive singular)
गोदयोः (dual genitive)
गोदानाम् (genitive plural)
गोदायाम् (locative singular)
गोदयोः (dual locative)
गोदासु (locative plural)
गोदम् (nominative singular)
गोदे (dual nominative)
गोदानि (nominative plural)
गोदा1 (nominative plural)
गोद (singular vocative)
गोदे (dual vocative)
गोदानि (plural vocative)
गोदा1 (plural vocative)
गोदम् (accusative singular)
गोदे (accusative dual)
गोदानि (accusative plural)
गोदा1 (accusative plural)
गोदेन (instrumental singular)
गोदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोदैः (instrumental plural)
गोदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गोदाय (dative singular)
गोदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोदेभ्यः (dative plural)
गोदात् (ablative singular)
गोदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोदस्य (genitive singular)
गोदयोः (dual genitive)
गोदानाम् (genitive plural)
गोदे (locative singular)
गोदयोः (dual locative)
गोदेषु (locative plural)

From गो (go, “cow”) + -द (-da, “giver”).


ललाट

lalā́ṭa (romanization)
ललाटम् (nominative singular)
ललाटे (dual nominative)
ललाटानि (nominative plural)
ललाटा1 (nominative plural)
ललाट (singular vocative)
ललाटे (dual vocative)
ललाटानि (plural vocative)
ललाटा1 (plural vocative)
ललाटम् (accusative singular)
ललाटे (accusative dual)
ललाटानि (accusative plural)
ललाटा1 (accusative plural)
ललाटेन (instrumental singular)
ललाटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ललाटैः (instrumental plural)
ललाटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ललाटाय (dative singular)
ललाटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ललाटेभ्यः (dative plural)
ललाटात् (ablative singular)
ललाटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ललाटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ललाटस्य (genitive singular)
ललाटयोः (dual genitive)
ललाटानाम् (genitive plural)
ललाटे (locative singular)
ललाटयोः (dual locative)
ललाटेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: ललाट (lalāṭ)

→ Telugu: లలాటము (lalāṭamu)

/lɐ.lɑ́ː.ʈɐ/

/l̪ɐˈl̪ɑː.ʈɐ/


केश

kéśa (romanization)
केशः (nominative singular)
केशौ (dual nominative)
केशा1 (dual nominative)
केशाः (nominative plural)
केशासः1 (nominative plural)
केश (singular vocative)
केशौ (dual vocative)
केशा1 (dual vocative)
केशाः (plural vocative)
केशासः1 (plural vocative)
केशम् (accusative singular)
केशौ (accusative dual)
केशा1 (accusative dual)
केशान् (accusative plural)
केशेन (instrumental singular)
केशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
केशैः (instrumental plural)
केशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
केशाय (dative singular)
केशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
केशेभ्यः (dative plural)
केशात् (ablative singular)
केशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
केशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
केशस्य (genitive singular)
केशयोः (dual genitive)
केशानाम् (genitive plural)
केशे (locative singular)
केशयोः (dual locative)
केशेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: কেশ (kex)

Bengali: কেশ (keś)

Chakma: 𑄇𑄬𑄌𑄴 (kec)

Hindi: केश (keś)

Marathi: केस (kes)

Odia: କେଶ (keśa)

Tamil: கேசம் (kēcam)

Telugu: కేశము (kēśamu)

Urdu: کیش (keś)

Punjabi: ਕੇਸ (kes), ਕੇਸ਼ (keś)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *káyśas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káyćas ~ gáyćas. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬉𐬯𐬎 (gaēsu, “curls”), Middle Persian gys (gēs, “curl, locks”) (whence Persian گیس (gis), گیسو (gisu, “ringlet of hair, forelock, sidelock, curl”)), Northern Kurdish kezî (kazī), Northern Luri گؽس (gês), Ossetian гъес (ǧes), хъис (qis, “bristle”). Akin to Old Armenian գէս (gēs), an Iranian borrowing.

अ॒भीशु॑ना॒ मेया॑ आसन्व्या॒मेना॑नु॒मेयाः॑।
केशा॑ न॒डा इ॑व वर्धन्तां शी॒र्ष्णस्ते॑ असि॒ताः परि॑ ॥
abhī́śunā méyā āsanvyāménānuméyāḥ.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 6.137.2

They might be measured with a rein or measurable with both extended arms.
Let the black locks spring thick and strong and grow like reeds upon thy head.

kéśā naḍā́ iva vardhantāṃ śīrṣṇáste asitā́ḥ pári.

hair (of the head), locks of hair, tresses


बाल

bāla (romanization)
बालः (nominative singular)
बालौ (dual nominative)
बाला1 (dual nominative)
बालाः (nominative plural)
बालासः1 (nominative plural)
बाल (singular vocative)
बालौ (dual vocative)
बाला1 (dual vocative)
बालाः (plural vocative)
बालासः1 (plural vocative)
बालम् (accusative singular)
बालौ (accusative dual)
बाला1 (accusative dual)
बालान् (accusative plural)
बालेन (instrumental singular)
बालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बालैः (instrumental plural)
बालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बालाय (dative singular)
बालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बालेभ्यः (dative plural)
बालात् (ablative singular)
बालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बालस्य (genitive singular)
बालयोः (dual genitive)
बालानाम् (genitive plural)
बाले (locative singular)
बालयोः (dual locative)
बालेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Pali: bāla
→ Khmer: ពាល (piəl)
→ Thai: พาล (paan)

→ Assamese: বাল (bal)

→ Bengali: বাল (bal)

→ Gujarati: બાળ (bāḷ)

→ Hindi: बाल (bāl)

→ Marathi: बाळ (bāḷ)

→ Old Javanese: wāla, bāla
> Javanese: ꦮꦭ (wala) (inherited)

Saraiki: ٻال (ḇāl)

→ Tamil: பாலன் (pālaṉ)

⇒ Telugu: బాలుండు (bāluṇḍu)

The origin is uncertain.
Perhaps a vṛddhi derivative of बल (bala, “strength”), denoting the potential and eventual power of youth; compare Lithuanian viekà (“power”) and vaikas (“child”) for an etymologically related pair (with each other, not to बाल) with similar semantic connection.
Alternatively, imitative of the babbling of little children; compare बल्बला (balbalā, “to stammer”).
Finally, has been connected by Kuiper to Proto-Munda; compare Santali bale (“fresh, tender”) and Ho bāle (“young”), ultimately from Proto-Munda *bāle. Though this comparison is phonetically and semantically sound, it is unlikely for a Vedic word of such basic significance to be a loanword. In this case, the Munda words are from Sanskrit, possibly via a Prakrit.

न बालः अस्मि।


बाल

bāla (romanization)
बालः (nominative singular)
बालौ (dual nominative)
बाला1 (dual nominative)
बालाः (nominative plural)
बालासः1 (nominative plural)
बाल (singular vocative)
बालौ (dual vocative)
बाला1 (dual vocative)
बालाः (plural vocative)
बालासः1 (plural vocative)
बालम् (accusative singular)
बालौ (accusative dual)
बाला1 (accusative dual)
बालान् (accusative plural)
बालेन (instrumental singular)
बालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बालैः (instrumental plural)
बालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बालाय (dative singular)
बालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बालेभ्यः (dative plural)
बालात् (ablative singular)
बालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बालस्य (genitive singular)
बालयोः (dual genitive)
बालानाम् (genitive plural)
बाले (locative singular)
बालयोः (dual locative)
बालेषु (locative plural)
बाला (nominative singular)
बाले (dual nominative)
बालाः (nominative plural)
बाले (singular vocative)
बाले (dual vocative)
बालाः (plural vocative)
बालाम् (accusative singular)
बाले (accusative dual)
बालाः (accusative plural)
बालया (instrumental singular)
बाला1 (instrumental singular)
बालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बालाभिः (instrumental plural)
बालायै (dative singular)
बालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बालाभ्यः (dative plural)
बालायाः (ablative singular)
बालायै2 (ablative singular)
बालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बालाभ्यः (ablative plural)
बालायाः (genitive singular)
बालायै2 (genitive singular)
बालयोः (dual genitive)
बालानाम् (genitive plural)
बालायाम् (locative singular)
बालयोः (dual locative)
बालासु (locative plural)
बालम् (nominative singular)
बाले (dual nominative)
बालानि (nominative plural)
बाला1 (nominative plural)
बाल (singular vocative)
बाले (dual vocative)
बालानि (plural vocative)
बाला1 (plural vocative)
बालम् (accusative singular)
बाले (accusative dual)
बालानि (accusative plural)
बाला1 (accusative plural)
बालेन (instrumental singular)
बालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बालैः (instrumental plural)
बालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बालाय (dative singular)
बालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बालेभ्यः (dative plural)
बालात् (ablative singular)
बालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बालस्य (genitive singular)
बालयोः (dual genitive)
बालानाम् (genitive plural)
बाले (locative singular)
बालयोः (dual locative)
बालेषु (locative plural)


कष्ट

kaṣṭa (romanization)
कष्टः (nominative singular)
कष्टौ (dual nominative)
कष्टा1 (dual nominative)
कष्टाः (nominative plural)
कष्टासः1 (nominative plural)
कष्ट (singular vocative)
कष्टौ (dual vocative)
कष्टा1 (dual vocative)
कष्टाः (plural vocative)
कष्टासः1 (plural vocative)
कष्टम् (accusative singular)
कष्टौ (accusative dual)
कष्टा1 (accusative dual)
कष्टान् (accusative plural)
कष्टेन (instrumental singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कष्टैः (instrumental plural)
कष्टेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कष्टाय (dative singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कष्टेभ्यः (dative plural)
कष्टात् (ablative singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कष्टेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कष्टस्य (genitive singular)
कष्टयोः (dual genitive)
कष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
कष्टे (locative singular)
कष्टयोः (dual locative)
कष्टेषु (locative plural)

Traditionally derived from the root कष् (kaṣ, “to injure, destroy”) + -त (-ta). Other theories connecting the word to Ancient Greek κᾰκός (kakós, “bad, wretched”) are formally unsatisfying.

noncog

भवतः किं कष्टं अस्ति

evil, difficulty, trouble, misery, suffering, hardship

एतद् कष्टं न

this is not difficult; there is no difficulty in this


कष्ट

head

कष्ट • (kaṣṭá)

kaṣṭá (romanization)
कष्टः (nominative singular)
कष्टौ (dual nominative)
कष्टा1 (dual nominative)
कष्टाः (nominative plural)
कष्टासः1 (nominative plural)
कष्ट (singular vocative)
कष्टौ (dual vocative)
कष्टा1 (dual vocative)
कष्टाः (plural vocative)
कष्टासः1 (plural vocative)
कष्टम् (accusative singular)
कष्टौ (accusative dual)
कष्टा1 (accusative dual)
कष्टान् (accusative plural)
कष्टेन (instrumental singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कष्टैः (instrumental plural)
कष्टेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कष्टाय (dative singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कष्टेभ्यः (dative plural)
कष्टात् (ablative singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कष्टेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कष्टस्य (genitive singular)
कष्टयोः (dual genitive)
कष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
कष्टे (locative singular)
कष्टयोः (dual locative)
कष्टेषु (locative plural)
कष्टा (nominative singular)
कष्टे (dual nominative)
कष्टाः (nominative plural)
कष्टे (singular vocative)
कष्टे (dual vocative)
कष्टाः (plural vocative)
कष्टाम् (accusative singular)
कष्टे (accusative dual)
कष्टाः (accusative plural)
कष्टया (instrumental singular)
कष्टा1 (instrumental singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कष्टाभिः (instrumental plural)
कष्टायै (dative singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कष्टाभ्यः (dative plural)
कष्टायाः (ablative singular)
कष्टायै2 (ablative singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कष्टाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कष्टायाः (genitive singular)
कष्टायै2 (genitive singular)
कष्टयोः (dual genitive)
कष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
कष्टायाम् (locative singular)
कष्टयोः (dual locative)
कष्टासु (locative plural)
कष्टम् (nominative singular)
कष्टे (dual nominative)
कष्टानि (nominative plural)
कष्टा1 (nominative plural)
कष्ट (singular vocative)
कष्टे (dual vocative)
कष्टानि (plural vocative)
कष्टा1 (plural vocative)
कष्टम् (accusative singular)
कष्टे (accusative dual)
कष्टानि (accusative plural)
कष्टा1 (accusative plural)
कष्टेन (instrumental singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कष्टैः (instrumental plural)
कष्टेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कष्टाय (dative singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कष्टेभ्यः (dative plural)
कष्टात् (ablative singular)
कष्टाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कष्टेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कष्टस्य (genitive singular)
कष्टयोः (dual genitive)
कष्टानाम् (genitive plural)
कष्टे (locative singular)
कष्टयोः (dual locative)
कष्टेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit:

desc

Punjabi: ਕਠੋਰ (kaṭhor, “stern, vigorous, harsh, cruel”), ਕਠਨਾਈ (kaṭhanāī, “difficulty”)

→ Bengali: কষ্ট (kośṭo) (learned)

→ Hindi: कष्ट (kaṣṭ) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಕಷ್ಟ (kaṣṭa) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਕਸ਼ਟ (kaśaṭ) (learned)

→ Tamil: கஷ்டம் (kaṣṭam) (learned)

→ Telugu: కష్టము (kaṣṭamu) (learned)

रामहस्तमनुप्राप्य कष्टात् कष्टतरं गता

gone from bad to worse; reduced to a wretched condition.

rāmahastamanuprāpya kaṣṭāt kaṣṭataraṃ gatā


स्वप्न

svápna (romanization)
स्वप्नः (nominative singular)
स्वप्नौ (dual nominative)
स्वप्ना1 (dual nominative)
स्वप्नाः (nominative plural)
स्वप्नासः1 (nominative plural)
स्वप्न (singular vocative)
स्वप्नौ (dual vocative)
स्वप्ना1 (dual vocative)
स्वप्नाः (plural vocative)
स्वप्नासः1 (plural vocative)
स्वप्नम् (accusative singular)
स्वप्नौ (accusative dual)
स्वप्ना1 (accusative dual)
स्वप्नान् (accusative plural)
स्वप्नेन (instrumental singular)
स्वप्नाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वप्नैः (instrumental plural)
स्वप्नेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्वप्नाय (dative singular)
स्वप्नाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वप्नेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वप्नात् (ablative singular)
स्वप्नाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वप्नेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वप्नस्य (genitive singular)
स्वप्नयोः (dual genitive)
स्वप्नानाम् (genitive plural)
स्वप्ने (locative singular)
स्वप्नयोः (dual locative)
स्वप्नेषु (locative plural)

→ Early Assamese: স্বপন (sbopono)

Assamese: সপোন (xopün)

→ Marathi: स्वप्न (svapna)

→ Bengali: স্বপ্ন (śopno)

Pali: soppa

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਸੁਪਨਾ (supnā), ਸੁਫਨਾ (suphnā)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: સોણું (soṇũ), સમણું (samṇũ)

Hindi: सपना (sapnā)

Urdu: سپنا (sapnā)

→ Hindi: स्वप्न (svapna)

Maithili: 𑒮𑒣𑒢𑒰 (sapanā)

→ Kannada: ಸ್ವಪ್ನ (svapna)

→ Malayalam: സ്വപ്നം (svapnaṁ)

→ Tamil: சொப்பனம் (coppaṉam)

→ Telugu: స్వప్నము (svapnamu)

/ˈs̪ʋɐp.n̪ɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *swápnas (“sleep, dream”), from Proto-Indo-European *swépnos (“sleep, dream”), from *swep- (“to sleep”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬟𐬥𐬀 (xᵛafna), Latin somnus, sopor, Ancient Greek ὕπνος (húpnos), Lithuanian sapnas, Persian خواب (xvâb, “dream”), Old Church Slavonic сънъ (sŭnŭ), Old English swefn (whence English sweven).

inh

यो मे॑ राज॒न्युज्यो॑ वा॒ सखा॑ वा॒ स्वप्ने॑ भ॒यं भी॒रवे॒ मह्य॒माह॑।
स्ते॒नो वा॒ यो दिप्स॑ति नो॒ वृको॑ वा॒ त्वं तस्मा॑द्वरुण पाह्य॒स्मान्॥
yó me rājanyújyo vā sákhā vā svápne bhayáṃ bhīráve máhyamā́ha.
stenó vā yó dípsati no vṛ́ko vā tváṃ tásmādvaruṇa pāhyasmā́n.

Protect us, Varuṇa, against every peril which a kinsman or a friend threatens me with alarmed in sleep; or from a thief or a wolf that attempts to destroy us.

न स स्वो दक्षो॑ वरुण॒ ध्रुति॒: सा सुरा॑ म॒न्युर्वि॒भीद॑को॒ अचि॑त्तिः।
अस्ति॒ ज्याया॒न्कनी॑यस उपा॒रे स्वप्न॑श्च॒नेदनृ॑तस्य प्रयो॒ता॥
ná sá svó dákṣo varuṇa dhrúti: sā́ súrā manyúrvibhī́dako ácittiḥ.
ásti jyā́yānkánīyasa upāré svápnaścanédánṛtasya prayotā́.

It is not our own choice, Varuṇa, not our condition, that is the cause of our sinning; it is that which isintoxication, wrath, gambling, ignorance; there is a senior in the proximity of the junior; even a dream is aprovocation to sin.


मित्र

sa-noun

मित्र • (mitrá) stem, m or n (feminine मित्रा)

mitrá (romanization)
मित्रा (feminine)
मित्रः (nominative singular)
मित्रौ (dual nominative)
मित्रा1 (dual nominative)
मित्राः (nominative plural)
मित्रासः1 (nominative plural)
मित्र (singular vocative)
मित्रौ (dual vocative)
मित्रा1 (dual vocative)
मित्राः (plural vocative)
मित्रासः1 (plural vocative)
मित्रम् (accusative singular)
मित्रौ (accusative dual)
मित्रा1 (accusative dual)
मित्रान् (accusative plural)
मित्रेण (instrumental singular)
मित्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मित्रैः (instrumental plural)
मित्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मित्राय (dative singular)
मित्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मित्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
मित्रात् (ablative singular)
मित्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मित्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मित्रस्य (genitive singular)
मित्रयोः (dual genitive)
मित्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मित्रे (locative singular)
मित्रयोः (dual locative)
मित्रेषु (locative plural)
मित्रम् (nominative singular)
मित्रे (dual nominative)
मित्राणि (nominative plural)
मित्रा1 (nominative plural)
मित्र (singular vocative)
मित्रे (dual vocative)
मित्राणि (plural vocative)
मित्रा1 (plural vocative)
मित्रम् (accusative singular)
मित्रे (accusative dual)
मित्राणि (accusative plural)
मित्रा1 (accusative plural)
मित्रेण (instrumental singular)
मित्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मित्रैः (instrumental plural)
मित्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मित्राय (dative singular)
मित्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मित्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
मित्रात् (ablative singular)
मित्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मित्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मित्रस्य (genitive singular)
मित्रयोः (dual genitive)
मित्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मित्रे (locative singular)
मित्रयोः (dual locative)
मित्रेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *mitrás (“friend”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitrás (literally “(that which) causes binding”), from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (literally “to bind”). Indo-Aryan languages preserve the literal meaning in the sense of friend, one of the aspects of binding and alliance. Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬋 (miθrō), 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬀 (miθra) [cf. Mithra], which was also borrowed into Old Persian 𐎷𐎰𐎼 (mi-θ-r /miθra/).


मित्र

तान्पूर्व॑या नि॒विदा॑ हूमहे व॒यं भगं॑ मि॒त्रम्अदि॑तिं॒ दक्ष॑म॒स्रिध॑म्।
अ॒र्य॒मणं॒ वरु॑णं॒ सोम॑म॒श्विना॒ सर॑स्वती नः सु॒भगा॒ मय॑स्करत्॥
tā́npū́rvayā nivídā hūmahe vayáṃ bhágaṃ mitrámáditiṃ dákṣamasrídham.
aryamáṇaṃ váruṇaṃ sómamaśvínā sárasvatī naḥ subhágā máyaskarat.

We invoke them with an ancient text, Bhaga, Mitra, Aditi, Dakṣa, Asridh, Aryaman, Varuṇa, Soma, the Aśvins; and may the gracious Sarasvatī grant us happiness.

मरुत् मरुत्#Sanskrit

वसिष्ठ वसिष्ठ#Sanskrit

name of a son of वसिष्ठ (vasiṣṭha) and various other men

मुहूर्त मुहूर्त#Sanskrit


मित्र

mitrá (romanization)
मित्रम् (nominative singular)
मित्रे (dual nominative)
मित्राणि (nominative plural)
मित्रा1 (nominative plural)
मित्र (singular vocative)
मित्रे (dual vocative)
मित्राणि (plural vocative)
मित्रा1 (plural vocative)
मित्रम् (accusative singular)
मित्रे (accusative dual)
मित्राणि (accusative plural)
मित्रा1 (accusative plural)
मित्रेण (instrumental singular)
मित्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मित्रैः (instrumental plural)
मित्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मित्राय (dative singular)
मित्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मित्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
मित्रात् (ablative singular)
मित्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मित्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मित्रस्य (genitive singular)
मित्रयोः (dual genitive)
मित्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मित्रे (locative singular)
मित्रयोः (dual locative)
मित्रेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: mạthᵃr

Devanagari script: मऺथर

Arabic script: مٔتھر

Pali: mitta

→ Thai: มิตร (mít)

→ Burmese: မိတ္တ (mitta.)

→ Khmer: មិត្ត (mɨt)

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 (mitta)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: mīt, mit, mītā

desc

Hindi: मीत, मित, मीता

Hindi: मीत, मित, मीता

Urdu: مِیت, مِت, مِیتَا

Urdu: مِیت, مِت, مِیتَا

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: মিত (mit), মিতা (mita)

Bengali: মিতা (mita)

Odia: ମିତ (mita), ମିତା (mitā)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri:

Devanagari script: मीत

Kaithi script: 𑂧𑂲𑂞

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Kumaoni: मीत (mīt)

Nepali: मित (mit)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: މިތުރު (mituru)

Sinhalese: මිත් (mit), මිතුරු (mituru)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: mitt

Gurmukhi script: ਮਿੱਤ

Shahmukhi script: مِتّ

Sindhi: miṭru

Arabic script: مِٹرُ

Devanagari script: मिट्रु

desctree

→ Old Javanese: mitra
> Javanese: ꦩꦶꦠꦿ (mitra) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: mitra

→ Balinese: ᬫᬶᬢ᭄ᬭ (mitra)

desc

→ Malayalam: മിത്രൻ (mitraṉ), മിത്രം (mitraṁ)

की॒दृङ्ङिन्द्र॑: सरमे॒ का दृ॑शी॒का यस्ये॒दं दू॒तीरस॑रः परा॒कात्।
आ च॒ गच्छा॑न्मि॒त्रम्एना दधा॒माथा॒ गवां॒ गोप॑तिर्नो भवाति॥
kīdṛ́ṅṅíndra: sarame kā́ dṛśīkā́ yásyedáṃ dūtī́rásaraḥ parākā́t.
ā́ ca gácchānmitráménā́ dádhāmā́thā gávāṃ gópatirno bhavāti.

Let him approach, and we will show him friendship: he shall be made the herdsman of our cattle.

What is that Indra like, what is his aspect whose envoy, Saramā, from afar thou comest?

(with औरस (aurasa)) a friend connected by blood-relationship

an ally (a prince whose territory adjoins that of an immediate neighbour who is called अरि (ari), enemy; in this meaning also applied to planets)

a companion to = resemblance of (+ genitive)

(at the end of a compound) resembling, like

name of the god Mitra (enumerated among the 10 fires)


पुस्तक

pustaka (romanization)
पुस्तकम् (nominative singular)
पुस्तके (dual nominative)
पुस्तकानि (nominative plural)
पुस्तका1 (nominative plural)
पुस्तक (singular vocative)
पुस्तके (dual vocative)
पुस्तकानि (plural vocative)
पुस्तका1 (plural vocative)
पुस्तकम् (accusative singular)
पुस्तके (accusative dual)
पुस्तकानि (accusative plural)
पुस्तका1 (accusative plural)
पुस्तकेन (instrumental singular)
पुस्तकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुस्तकैः (instrumental plural)
पुस्तकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पुस्तकाय (dative singular)
पुस्तकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुस्तकेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुस्तकात् (ablative singular)
पुस्तकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुस्तकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुस्तकस्य (genitive singular)
पुस्तकयोः (dual genitive)
पुस्तकानाम् (genitive plural)
पुस्तके (locative singular)
पुस्तकयोः (dual locative)
पुस्तकेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: পুথি (puthi)

Bengali: পুথি (puthi), পুঁথি (pũthi)

→ Bengali: পুস্তক (pustok)

Bhojpuri: पोथी (pōthī)

Dhivehi: ފޮތް (fot̊)

→ Gujarati: પુસ્તક (pustak)

→ Hindi: पुस्तक (pustak)

Kashmiri: پوٗتھِ (pūthi), पूथि (pūthi)

Kumaoni: पोथी

→ Kannada: ಪುಸ್ತಕ (pustaka)

→ Maithili: पुस्तक (pustak), पोथी (pothī)

→ Malay: pustaka

Indonesian: pustaka

→ Malayalam: പുസ്തകം (pustakaṁ)

→ Marathi: पुस्तक (pustak)

→ Nepali: पुस्तक (pustak)

Niya Prakrit: 𐨤𐨆𐨠𐨁 (pothi, “document”)

Odia: [script needed] (pothā), [script needed] (pothi), [script needed] (puthi), ପୋଥା (pothā)

Pali: potthaka

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀣 (puttha), 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀬 (putthaya), 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀬𑀸 (putthiyā)

→ Punjabi: ਪੁਸਤਕ (pustak), پستک (pustak)

Marwari: पोथी (pothī)

Sindhi: [script needed] (pothu), [script needed] (pothī)

Sinhalese: පොත (pota)

Sylheti: ꠙꠥꠕꠤ (futí)

→ Tamil: புத்தகம் (puttakam)

→ Telugu: పుస్తకం (pustakaṁ)

desctree

→ Tibetan: པོ་ཏི (po ti), པུ་ཏི (pu ti), པོད (pod), པུས་ཏི (pus ti), པུས་ཏི་ཀ (pus ti ka)
→ Mongolian: ᠪᠣᠲᠢ (boti) / боть (botʹ, “tome”)

→ Urdu: پستک (pustak)

Borrowed from some Middle Iranian language. Compare Sogdian [script needed] (pwst'k, “book, document, sutra”), Manichaean Parthian pwstg (pōstag, “book, pergament”) and Persian پوست (pust, “skin, hide”) (from *pōst, from Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎺𐎿𐎫𐎠 (pavastā); cognate with पवस्त (pavásta), and see the latter for further etymology).


उदार

udāra (romanization)
उदारः (nominative singular)
उदारौ (dual nominative)
उदाराः (nominative plural)
उदार (singular vocative)
उदारौ (dual vocative)
उदाराः (plural vocative)
उदारम् (accusative singular)
उदारौ (accusative dual)
उदारान् (accusative plural)
उदारेण (instrumental singular)
उदाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उदारैः (instrumental plural)
उदाराय (dative singular)
उदाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
उदारेभ्यः (dative plural)
उदारात् (ablative singular)
उदाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उदारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उदारस्य (genitive singular)
उदारयोः (dual genitive)
उदाराणाम् (genitive plural)
उदारे (locative singular)
उदारयोः (dual locative)
उदारेषु (locative plural)
उदारा (nominative singular)
उदारे (dual nominative)
उदाराः (nominative plural)
उदारे (singular vocative)
उदारे (dual vocative)
उदाराः (plural vocative)
उदाराम् (accusative singular)
उदारे (accusative dual)
उदाराः (accusative plural)
उदारया (instrumental singular)
उदाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उदाराभिः (instrumental plural)
उदारायै (dative singular)
उदाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
उदाराभ्यः (dative plural)
उदारायाः (ablative singular)
उदाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उदाराभ्यः (ablative plural)
उदारायाः (genitive singular)
उदारयोः (dual genitive)
उदाराणाम् (genitive plural)
उदारायाम् (locative singular)
उदारयोः (dual locative)
उदारासु (locative plural)
उदारम् (nominative singular)
उदारे (dual nominative)
उदाराणि (nominative plural)
उदार (singular vocative)
उदारे (dual vocative)
उदाराणि (plural vocative)
उदारम् (accusative singular)
उदारे (accusative dual)
उदाराणि (accusative plural)
उदारेण (instrumental singular)
उदाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उदारैः (instrumental plural)
उदाराय (dative singular)
उदाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
उदारेभ्यः (dative plural)
उदारात् (ablative singular)
उदाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उदारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उदारस्य (genitive singular)
उदारयोः (dual genitive)
उदाराणाम् (genitive plural)
उदारे (locative singular)
उदारयोः (dual locative)
उदारेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of उदार

Feminine ā-stem declension of उदार

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">उदार</i>

Hindi: उरारा (urārā, “wide, spread”)

→ Indonesian: udara (“air”)

→ Malay: udara (“air”)


उदास

From उद्- (ud-, “upon, upwards”) and आस (āsa, “seat”).


उदास

apathy, stoicism, indifference, lack of concern


पुत्री

putrī (romanization)
पुत्री (nominative singular)
पुत्र्यौ (dual nominative)
पुत्री1 (dual nominative)
पुत्र्यः (nominative plural)
पुत्रीः1 (nominative plural)
पुत्रि (singular vocative)
पुत्र्यौ (dual vocative)
पुत्री1 (dual vocative)
पुत्र्यः (plural vocative)
पुत्रीः1 (plural vocative)
पुत्रीम् (accusative singular)
पुत्र्यौ (accusative dual)
पुत्री1 (accusative dual)
पुत्रीः (accusative plural)
पुत्र्या (instrumental singular)
पुत्रीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुत्रीभिः (instrumental plural)
पुत्र्यै (dative singular)
पुत्रीभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुत्रीभ्यः (dative plural)
पुत्र्याः (ablative singular)
पुत्र्यै2 (ablative singular)
पुत्रीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुत्रीभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुत्र्याः (genitive singular)
पुत्र्यै2 (genitive singular)
पुत्र्योः (dual genitive)
पुत्रीणाम् (genitive plural)
पुत्र्याम् (locative singular)
पुत्र्योः (dual locative)
पुत्रीषु (locative plural)

Punjabi: ਪੁੱਤਰੀ (puttarī)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: पुत्री (putrī)

Urdu: پتری (putrī)

→ Bengali: পুত্রী (putri)

→ Khmer: បុត្រី (botrey)

→ Malayalam: പുത്രി (putri)

→ Malay: puteri

Indonesian: putri

→ Telugu: పుత్రిక f (putrika)

→ Thai: บุตรี (bùt-dtrii)


शक्ति

śákti (romanization)
śaktí (romanization)
शक्तिः (nominative singular)
शक्ती (dual nominative)
शक्तयः (nominative plural)
शक्ते (singular vocative)
शक्ती (dual vocative)
शक्तयः (plural vocative)
शक्तिम् (accusative singular)
शक्ती (accusative dual)
शक्तीन् (accusative plural)
शक्तिना (instrumental singular)
शक्त्या1 (instrumental singular)
शक्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शक्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
शक्तये (dative singular)
शक्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
शक्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
शक्तेः (ablative singular)
शक्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शक्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
शक्तेः (genitive singular)
शक्त्योः (dual genitive)
शक्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
शक्तौ (locative singular)
शक्ता1 (locative singular)
शक्त्योः (dual locative)
शक्तिषु (locative plural)
शक्तिः (nominative singular)
शक्ती (dual nominative)
शक्तयः (nominative plural)
शक्ते (singular vocative)
शक्ती (dual vocative)
शक्तयः (plural vocative)
शक्तिम् (accusative singular)
शक्ती (accusative dual)
शक्तीन् (accusative plural)
शक्तिना (instrumental singular)
शक्त्या1 (instrumental singular)
शक्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शक्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
शक्तये (dative singular)
शक्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
शक्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
शक्तेः (ablative singular)
शक्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शक्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
शक्तेः (genitive singular)
शक्त्योः (dual genitive)
शक्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
शक्तौ (locative singular)
शक्ता1 (locative singular)
शक्त्योः (dual locative)
शक्तिषु (locative plural)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Gujarati: શક્તિ (śakti)

Punjabi: ਸਗਤ (sagat)

Pali: satti

→ Hindi: शक्ति (śakti)

→ Bengali: শক্তি (śokti)

→ Khmer: សក្តិ (sak)

→ Malayalam: ശക്തി (śakti)

→ Malay: sakti

Indonesian: sakti

desctree

→ Old Javanese: śakti
Javanese: ꦱꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (sakti) → ꦱꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (sekti)
→ Balinese: ᬰᬓ᭄ᬢᬶ (sakti)

desc

→ Tamil: சக்தி (cakti), சத்தி (catti), ஷக்தி (ṣakti)

→ Telugu: శక్తి (śakti)

Thai: ศักดิ์ (sàk), ศักดิ (sàk-dì-), ศักติ

Compound of शक् (śak, “to be able to”) + -ति (-ti).


खेद

kheda (romanization)
खेदः (nominative singular)
खेदौ (dual nominative)
खेदा1 (dual nominative)
खेदाः (nominative plural)
खेदासः1 (nominative plural)
खेद (singular vocative)
खेदौ (dual vocative)
खेदा1 (dual vocative)
खेदाः (plural vocative)
खेदासः1 (plural vocative)
खेदम् (accusative singular)
खेदौ (accusative dual)
खेदा1 (accusative dual)
खेदान् (accusative plural)
खेदेन (instrumental singular)
खेदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खेदैः (instrumental plural)
खेदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
खेदाय (dative singular)
खेदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खेदेभ्यः (dative plural)
खेदात् (ablative singular)
खेदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खेदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
खेदस्य (genitive singular)
खेदयोः (dual genitive)
खेदानाम् (genitive plural)
खेदे (locative singular)
खेदयोः (dual locative)
खेदेषु (locative plural)

Pali: kheda

Prakrit: 𑀔𑁂𑀅 (khea)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: खेद (khed)

Urdu: کھید (khed)


खेलना

khelanā (romanization)
खेलना (nominative singular)
खेलने (dual nominative)
खेलनाः (nominative plural)
खेलने (singular vocative)
खेलने (dual vocative)
खेलनाः (plural vocative)
खेलनाम् (accusative singular)
खेलने (accusative dual)
खेलनाः (accusative plural)
खेलनया (instrumental singular)
खेलना1 (instrumental singular)
खेलनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खेलनाभिः (instrumental plural)
खेलनायै (dative singular)
खेलनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खेलनाभ्यः (dative plural)
खेलनायाः (ablative singular)
खेलनायै2 (ablative singular)
खेलनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खेलनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
खेलनायाः (genitive singular)
खेलनायै2 (genitive singular)
खेलनयोः (dual genitive)
खेलनानाम् (genitive plural)
खेलनायाम् (locative singular)
खेलनयोः (dual locative)
खेलनासु (locative plural)

/ˈkʰeː.l̪ɐ.n̪ɑː/

Alternative spelling of खेलन (khelana), from खेलन (khelana) + -आ (-ā)


ऋतु

ṛtú (romanization)
ऋतुः (nominative singular)
ऋतू (dual nominative)
ऋतवस् (nominative plural)
ऋतो (singular vocative)
ऋतू (dual vocative)
ऋतवस् (plural vocative)
ऋतुम् (accusative singular)
ऋतू (accusative dual)
ऋतून् (accusative plural)
ऋतुना (instrumental singular)
ऋत्वा1 (instrumental singular)
ऋतुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋतुभिः (instrumental plural)
ऋतवे (dative singular)
ऋत्वे1 (dative singular)
ऋतुभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋतुभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋतोः (ablative singular)
ऋत्वः1 (ablative singular)
ऋतुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋतुभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋतोः (genitive singular)
ऋत्वः1 (genitive singular)
ऋत्वोः (dual genitive)
ऋतूनाम् (genitive plural)
ऋतौ (locative singular)
ऋत्वोः (dual locative)
ऋतुषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀉 (uu)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਰੁੱਤ (rutta)

Shahmukhi script: رُت (rutta)

Pali: utu

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥túš (“fixed period of time, season”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥-tú-s, from *h₂er- (“to fit, fix”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (ratu, “period of time”), Ancient Greek ἀρτύς (artús, “bond”), Old Armenian արդ (ard), Latin artus (“joint”).

inh+

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

any settled point of time, fixed time, time appointed for any action (especially for sacrifices and other regular worship), right or fit time

आग॑न्दे॒व ऋ॒तुभि॒र्वर्ध॑तु॒ क्षयं॒ दधा॑तु नः सवि॒ता सु॑प्र॒जामिष॑म्।
स न॑: क्ष॒पाभि॒रह॑भिश्च जिन्वतु प्र॒जाव॑न्तं र॒यिम॒स्मे समि॑न्वतु॥
ā́gandevá ṛtúbhirvárdhatu kṣáyaṃ dádhātu naḥ savitā́ suprajā́míṣam.

With the year's seasons hath Savitar, God, come nigh: may he prosper our home, give food and noble sons.
May he invigorate us through the days and nights, and may he send us opulence with progeny.

sá na: kṣapā́bhiráhabhiśca jinvatu prajā́vantaṃ rayímasmé sáminvatu.

an epoch, period (especially a division or part of the year), season

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

the menstrual discharge (in women), the time after the courses (favourable for procreation; according to Bhāvaprakāśa sixteen days after their appearance)


मनस्

mánas (romanization)
मनः (nominative singular)
मनसी (dual nominative)
मनांसि (nominative plural)
मनः (singular vocative)
मनसी (dual vocative)
मनांसि (plural vocative)
मनः (accusative singular)
मनसी (accusative dual)
मनांसि (accusative plural)
मनसा (instrumental singular)
मनोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मनोभिः (instrumental plural)
मनसे (dative singular)
मनोभ्याम् (dative dual)
मनोभ्यः (dative plural)
मनसः (ablative singular)
मनोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मनोभ्यः (ablative plural)
मनसः (genitive singular)
मनसोः (dual genitive)
मनसाम् (genitive plural)
मनसि (locative singular)
मनसोः (dual locative)
मनःसु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀡 (maṇa)

Old Marathi:

Marathi: मन (man)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਮਨ (man), ਮੰਨ (mann)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Old Gujarati: [script needed] (maṇi)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindustani:

Hindi: मन (man)

Urdu: من (man)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: মন (mon)

Odia: ମଣ (maṇa)

desctree

Pali: manas
→ Burmese: မနော (ma.nau:)
→ Thai: มโน (má-noo)
→ Thai: มน (mon)

Borrowed terms

→ Hindi: मनस् (manas) (learned)

desc

→ Kannada: ಮನಸ್ಸು (manassu), ಮನಸು (manasu), ಮನ (mana)

→ Tamil: மனசு (maṉacu), மனது (maṉatu), மனம் (maṉam)

→ Telugu: మనసు (manasu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mánas (“mind”), from Proto-Indo-European *ménos (“mind”), from *men- (“to think”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬀𐬵 (manah), Old Persian 𐎶𐎴𐏃 (m-n-h /manah/), Latin mēns, Ancient Greek μένος (ménos), and English mind. Equivalent to मन् (man, "to think", root) + -अस् (-as).

af

उत त्वा स्त्री शशीयसी पुंसो भवति वस्यसी ।
अदेवत्रादराधसः ॥
वि या जानाति जसुरिं वि तृष्यन्तं वि कामिनम् ।
देवत्रा कृणुते मनः ॥
uta tvā strī śaśīyasī puṃso bhavati vasyasī.
adevatrādarādhasaḥ.
vi yā jānāti jasuriṃ vi tṛṣyantaṃ vi kāminam.

Yea, many a woman is more firm and better than the man who turns away from Gods, and does not worship.
She who discerns the weak and worn and the man who thirsts and is in want
She sets her mind upon the Gods.

mind (in its widest sense as applied to all the mental powers), intellect, intelligence, understanding, perception, sense, conscience, will

the spirit or spiritual principle, the breath or living soul which escapes from the body at death

thought, imagination, excogitation, invention, reflection, opinion, intention, inclination, affection, desire, mood, temper, spirit


जगन्नाथ

jagannāthá (romanization)
जगन्नाथः (nominative singular)
जगन्नाथौ (dual nominative)
जगन्नाथा1 (dual nominative)
जगन्नाथाः (nominative plural)
जगन्नाथासः1 (nominative plural)
जगन्नाथ (singular vocative)
जगन्नाथौ (dual vocative)
जगन्नाथा1 (dual vocative)
जगन्नाथाः (plural vocative)
जगन्नाथासः1 (plural vocative)
जगन्नाथम् (accusative singular)
जगन्नाथौ (accusative dual)
जगन्नाथा1 (accusative dual)
जगन्नाथान् (accusative plural)
जगन्नाथेन (instrumental singular)
जगन्नाथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगन्नाथैः (instrumental plural)
जगन्नाथेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जगन्नाथाय (dative singular)
जगन्नाथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जगन्नाथेभ्यः (dative plural)
जगन्नाथात् (ablative singular)
जगन्नाथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगन्नाथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जगन्नाथस्य (genitive singular)
जगन्नाथयोः (dual genitive)
जगन्नाथानाम् (genitive plural)
जगन्नाथे (locative singular)
जगन्नाथयोः (dual locative)
जगन्नाथेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: জগন্নাথ (zogonnath)

Bengali: জগন্নাথ (jogonnath)

Hindi: जगन्नाथ (jagannāth)

English: juggernaut

Kannada: ಜಗನ್ನಾಥ (jagannātha)

Odia: ଜଗନ୍ନାଥ (jagannātha)

Telugu: జగన్నాథుడు (jagannāthuḍu)

desc

Urdu: جگناتھ

Urdu: جگناتھ

/d͡ʑɐ.ɡɐn.nɑː.tʰɐ́/

/d͡ʑɐ.ɡɐn̪ˈn̪ɑː.t̪ʰɐ/

Compound of जगन् (jágan, “world”) + नाथ (nāthá, “lord”).

com+

one of the names of Krishna, an avatar of Vishnu


जगत्

jágat (romanization)
जगन् (nominative singular)
जगन्तौ (dual nominative)
जगन्ता1 (dual nominative)
जगन्तः (nominative plural)
जगन् (singular vocative)
जगन्तौ (dual vocative)
जगन्ता1 (dual vocative)
जगन्तः (plural vocative)
जगन्तम् (accusative singular)
जगन्तौ (accusative dual)
जगन्ता1 (accusative dual)
जगतः (accusative plural)
जगता (instrumental singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगद्भिः (instrumental plural)
जगते (dative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (dative plural)
जगतः (ablative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
जगतः (genitive singular)
जगतोः (dual genitive)
जगताम् (genitive plural)
जगति (locative singular)
जगतोः (dual locative)
जगत्सु (locative plural)

/ˈd͡ʑɐ.ɡɐt̪/

Nominal form of an unattested *जगाति (jagāti, “goes”), from the root गा (gā, “to go, approach, pursue”).


जगत्

jágat (romanization)
जगत् (nominative singular)
जगन्ती (dual nominative)
जगन्ति (nominative plural)
जगत् (singular vocative)
जगन्ती (dual vocative)
जगन्ति (plural vocative)
जगत् (accusative singular)
जगन्ती (accusative dual)
जगन्ति (accusative plural)
जगता (instrumental singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगद्भिः (instrumental plural)
जगते (dative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (dative plural)
जगतः (ablative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
जगतः (genitive singular)
जगतोः (dual genitive)
जगताम् (genitive plural)
जगति (locative singular)
जगतोः (dual locative)
जगत्सु (locative plural)

Assamese: জগৎ (zogot)

Bengali: জগৎ (jogot)

→ Hindi: जगत् (jagat)

→ Malay: jagat
Indonesian: jagat

desctree

→ Old Javanese: jagat
Javanese: ꦗꦒꦠ꧀ (jagat)

Marathi: जगत (jagat)

→ Nepali: जगत् (jagat)

Odia: ଜଗତ୍ (jagat)

→ Punjabi: ਜਗਤ (jagat)

/ˈd͡ʑɐ.ɡɐt̪/

that which moves or is alive, men and animals, animals as opposed to men, men

the world (esp. this world), earth, the universe

(in the dual) heaven and the lower world


जगत्

jágat (romanization)
जगन् (nominative singular)
जगन्तौ (dual nominative)
जगन्ता1 (dual nominative)
जगन्तः (nominative plural)
जगन् (singular vocative)
जगन्तौ (dual vocative)
जगन्ता1 (dual vocative)
जगन्तः (plural vocative)
जगन्तम् (accusative singular)
जगन्तौ (accusative dual)
जगन्ता1 (accusative dual)
जगतः (accusative plural)
जगता (instrumental singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगद्भिः (instrumental plural)
जगते (dative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (dative plural)
जगतः (ablative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
जगतः (genitive singular)
जगतोः (dual genitive)
जगताम् (genitive plural)
जगति (locative singular)
जगतोः (dual locative)
जगत्सु (locative plural)
जगती (nominative singular)
जगत्यौ (dual nominative)
जगती1 (dual nominative)
जगत्यः (nominative plural)
जगतीः1 (nominative plural)
जगति (singular vocative)
जगत्यौ (dual vocative)
जगती1 (dual vocative)
जगत्यः (plural vocative)
जगतीः1 (plural vocative)
जगतीम् (accusative singular)
जगत्यौ (accusative dual)
जगती1 (accusative dual)
जगतीः (accusative plural)
जगत्या (instrumental singular)
जगतीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगतीभिः (instrumental plural)
जगत्यै (dative singular)
जगतीभ्याम् (dative dual)
जगतीभ्यः (dative plural)
जगत्याः (ablative singular)
जगत्यै2 (ablative singular)
जगतीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगतीभ्यः (ablative plural)
जगत्याः (genitive singular)
जगत्यै2 (genitive singular)
जगत्योः (dual genitive)
जगतीनाम् (genitive plural)
जगत्याम् (locative singular)
जगत्योः (dual locative)
जगतीषु (locative plural)
जगत् (nominative singular)
जगन्ती (dual nominative)
जगन्ति (nominative plural)
जगत् (singular vocative)
जगन्ती (dual vocative)
जगन्ति (plural vocative)
जगत् (accusative singular)
जगन्ती (accusative dual)
जगन्ति (accusative plural)
जगता (instrumental singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जगद्भिः (instrumental plural)
जगते (dative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (dative plural)
जगतः (ablative singular)
जगद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
जगद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
जगतः (genitive singular)
जगतोः (dual genitive)
जगताम् (genitive plural)
जगति (locative singular)
जगतोः (dual locative)
जगत्सु (locative plural)

/ˈd͡ʑɐ.ɡɐt̪/

चि॒त्रं दे॒वाना॒मुद॑गा॒दनी॑कं॒ चक्षु॑र्मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्या॒ग्नेः।
आप्रा॒ द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी अ॒न्तरि॑क्षं॒ सूर्य॑ आ॒त्मा जग॑तस्त॒स्थुष॑श्च॥
citráṃ devā́nāmúdagādánīkaṃ cákṣurmitrásya váruṇasyāgnéḥ.
ā́prā dyā́vāpṛthivī́ antárikṣaṃ sū́rya ātmā́ jágatastasthúṣaśca.

The brilliant face of the gods has arisen, the eye of Mitra, Varuṇa, and Agni; he has filled heaven, earth, and the space between: the Sun is the life-breath of both the moving and the still.


मठ

maṭha (romanization)
मठः (nominative singular)
मठौ (dual nominative)
मठाः (nominative plural)
मठ (singular vocative)
मठौ (dual vocative)
मठाः (plural vocative)
मठम् (accusative singular)
मठौ (accusative dual)
मठान् (accusative plural)
मठेन (instrumental singular)
मठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मठैः (instrumental plural)
मठाय (dative singular)
मठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मठेभ्यः (dative plural)
मठात् (ablative singular)
मठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मठस्य (genitive singular)
मठयोः (dual genitive)
मठानाम् (genitive plural)
मठे (locative singular)
मठयोः (dual locative)
मठेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मठ

Tamil: மடம் (maṭam)

Telugu: మఠము (maṭhamu)


नाथ

nāthá (romanization)
नाथम् (nominative singular)
नाथे (dual nominative)
नाथानि (nominative plural)
नाथा1 (nominative plural)
नाथ (singular vocative)
नाथे (dual vocative)
नाथानि (plural vocative)
नाथा1 (plural vocative)
नाथम् (accusative singular)
नाथे (accusative dual)
नाथानि (accusative plural)
नाथा1 (accusative plural)
नाथेन (instrumental singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाथैः (instrumental plural)
नाथेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नाथाय (dative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (dative plural)
नाथात् (ablative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाथस्य (genitive singular)
नाथयोः (dual genitive)
नाथानाम् (genitive plural)
नाथे (locative singular)
नाथयोः (dual locative)
नाथेषु (locative plural)

/ˈn̪ɑː.t̪ʰɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HnaHtʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HnaHtʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃neh₂- (“to help, support”), with semantic influence from the etymologically unrelated root नाध् (nādh, “to seek help”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὀνί̆νημῐ (onínēmi, “to help; to please”). The Sanskrit root is नाथ् (nāth, “to seek aid, ask”).


नाथ

nāthá (romanization)
नाथः (nominative singular)
नाथौ (dual nominative)
नाथा1 (dual nominative)
नाथाः (nominative plural)
नाथासः1 (nominative plural)
नाथ (singular vocative)
नाथौ (dual vocative)
नाथा1 (dual vocative)
नाथाः (plural vocative)
नाथासः1 (plural vocative)
नाथम् (accusative singular)
नाथौ (accusative dual)
नाथा1 (accusative dual)
नाथान् (accusative plural)
नाथेन (instrumental singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाथैः (instrumental plural)
नाथेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नाथाय (dative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (dative plural)
नाथात् (ablative singular)
नाथाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाथेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाथस्य (genitive singular)
नाथयोः (dual genitive)
नाथानाम् (genitive plural)
नाथे (locative singular)
नाथयोः (dual locative)
नाथेषु (locative plural)

/ˈn̪ɑː.t̪ʰɐ/

(often at the end of compounds, esp. in names of gods and men) protector, patron, possessor, owner, ward, guardian, lord

a rope passed through the nose of a draft ox