पार

pāra (romanization)
पारः (nominative singular)
पारौ (dual nominative)
पाराः (nominative plural)
पार (singular vocative)
पारौ (dual vocative)
पाराः (plural vocative)
पारम् (accusative singular)
पारौ (accusative dual)
पारान् (accusative plural)
पारेन (instrumental singular)
पाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पारैः (instrumental plural)
पाराय (dative singular)
पाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
पारेभ्यः (dative plural)
पारात् (ablative singular)
पाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पारस्य (genitive singular)
पारयोः (dual genitive)
पारानाम् (genitive plural)
पारे (locative singular)
पारयोः (dual locative)
पारेषु (locative plural)
पारा (nominative singular)
पारे (dual nominative)
पाराः (nominative plural)
पारे (singular vocative)
पारे (dual vocative)
पाराः (plural vocative)
पाराम् (accusative singular)
पारे (accusative dual)
पाराः (accusative plural)
पारया (instrumental singular)
पाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पाराभिः (instrumental plural)
पारायै (dative singular)
पाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
पाराभ्यः (dative plural)
पारायाः (ablative singular)
पाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पाराभ्यः (ablative plural)
पारायाः (genitive singular)
पारयोः (dual genitive)
पारानाम् (genitive plural)
पारायाम् (locative singular)
पारयोः (dual locative)
पारासु (locative plural)
पारम् (nominative singular)
पारे (dual nominative)
पारानि (nominative plural)
पार (singular vocative)
पारे (dual vocative)
पारानि (plural vocative)
पारम् (accusative singular)
पारे (accusative dual)
पारानि (accusative plural)
पारेन (instrumental singular)
पाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पारैः (instrumental plural)
पाराय (dative singular)
पाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
पारेभ्यः (dative plural)
पारात् (ablative singular)
पाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पारस्य (genitive singular)
पारयोः (dual genitive)
पारानाम् (genitive plural)
पारे (locative singular)
पारयोः (dual locative)
पारेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of पार

Feminine ā-stem declension of पार

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">पार</i>

From Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to go through, carry forth”), related to पृ (pṛ, “to bring over”) and Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “passage”).


पार

pāra (romanization)
पारम् (nominative singular)
पारे (dual nominative)
पाराणि (nominative plural)
पारा1 (nominative plural)
पार (singular vocative)
पारे (dual vocative)
पाराणि (plural vocative)
पारा1 (plural vocative)
पारम् (accusative singular)
पारे (accusative dual)
पाराणि (accusative plural)
पारा1 (accusative plural)
पारेण (instrumental singular)
पाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पारैः (instrumental plural)
पारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पाराय (dative singular)
पाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
पारेभ्यः (dative plural)
पारात् (ablative singular)
पाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पारस्य (genitive singular)
पारयोः (dual genitive)
पाराणाम् (genitive plural)
पारे (locative singular)
पारयोः (dual locative)
पारेषु (locative plural)

the further bank or shore or boundary, any bank or shore, the opposite side, the end or limit of anything, the utmost reach or fullest extent


पार

pāra (romanization)
पारः (nominative singular)
पारौ (dual nominative)
पारा1 (dual nominative)
पाराः (nominative plural)
पारासः1 (nominative plural)
पार (singular vocative)
पारौ (dual vocative)
पारा1 (dual vocative)
पाराः (plural vocative)
पारासः1 (plural vocative)
पारम् (accusative singular)
पारौ (accusative dual)
पारा1 (accusative dual)
पारान् (accusative plural)
पारेण (instrumental singular)
पाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पारैः (instrumental plural)
पारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पाराय (dative singular)
पाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
पारेभ्यः (dative plural)
पारात् (ablative singular)
पाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पारस्य (genitive singular)
पारयोः (dual genitive)
पाराणाम् (genitive plural)
पारे (locative singular)
पारयोः (dual locative)
पारेषु (locative plural)


त्वष्टृ

sa-noun

त्वष्टृ • (tváṣṭṛ) stem, m

tváṣṭṛ (romanization)
त्वष्टा (nominative singular)
त्वष्टारौ (dual nominative)
त्वष्टारा1 (dual nominative)
त्वष्टारः (nominative plural)
त्वष्टः (singular vocative)
त्वष्टारौ (dual vocative)
त्वष्टारा1 (dual vocative)
त्वष्टारः (plural vocative)
त्वष्टारम् (accusative singular)
त्वष्टारौ (accusative dual)
त्वष्टारा1 (accusative dual)
त्वष्टॄन् (accusative plural)
त्वष्ट्रा (instrumental singular)
त्वष्टृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
त्वष्टृभिः (instrumental plural)
त्वष्ट्रे (dative singular)
त्वष्टृभ्याम् (dative dual)
त्वष्टृभ्यः (dative plural)
त्वष्टुः (ablative singular)
त्वष्टृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
त्वष्टृभ्यः (ablative plural)
त्वष्टुः (genitive singular)
त्वष्ट्रोः (dual genitive)
त्वष्टॄणाम् (genitive plural)
त्वष्टरि (locative singular)
त्वष्ट्रोः (dual locative)
त्वष्टृषु (locative plural)

/ˈt̪ʋɐʂ.ʈr̩/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *twá(r)ṣṭā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *twárštā, from Proto-Indo-European *twr̥ḱ-tēr, from *twerḱ- (“to cut, trim, carve off”).

दे॒वस्त्वष्टा॑ सवि॒ता वि॒श्वरू॑पः पु॒पोष॑ प्र॒जाः पु॑रु॒धा ज॑जान।
इ॒मा च॒ विश्वा॒ भुव॑नान्यस्य म॒हद्दे॒वाना॑मसुर॒त्वमेक॑म्॥
devástváṣṭā savitā́ viśvárūpaḥ pupóṣa prajā́ḥ purudhā́ jajāna.
imā́ ca víśvā bhúvanānyasya maháddevā́nāmasuratvámékam.

The divine Tvaṣṭā the impeller of all, the multiform, has begotten and nourished a numerous progeny, for all these worlds are of him; great and unequalled is the might of the gods.

(Vedic religion, Hinduism) craftsman of the gods


अति

Paisaci Prakrit:

desc

Punjabi: ਅਤੇ (ate, “and”), ਅੱਤ (atta, “maximum, extreme, excess”)

Dardic:

Khowar: دى (di, “also”)

Kashmiri: تِہ (tih, “and, also, too”), تہٕ (tụ)/तॖ (tụ)(tụ, "and, also, too")

→ Hindi: अति (ati) (learned)

→ Bengali: অতি (oti) (learned)

→ Konkani: अति (ati) (learned)

→ Marathi: अति (ati) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಅತಿ (ati)

→ Punjabi: ਅਤਿ (ati) (learned)

→ Tamil: அதி (ati)

→ Telugu: అతి- (ati-)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *áti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *áti, from Proto-Indo-European *éti (“over”). Cognate with Latin et (“and”), Ancient Greek ἔτι (éti, “yet”), Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (aⁱti), Old Persian 𐎠𐎫𐎹 (a-t-y /atiy/), Proto-Germanic *idi.

(prefixed to adjectives) excessively, exceedingly, very

Monier Williams
w:Monier Monier-Williams

Clarendon Press
w:Oxford University Press


अपराधी

/ɐ.pɐˈɾɑː.d̪ʱiː/

अपराधिन् अपराधिन्#Sanskrit

nominative singular of अपराधिन् (aparādhin)


अञ्जस्

áñjas (romanization)
अञ्जः (nominative singular)
अञ्जसी (dual nominative)
अञ्जांसि (nominative plural)
अञ्जः (singular vocative)
अञ्जसी (dual vocative)
अञ्जांसि (plural vocative)
अञ्जः (accusative singular)
अञ्जसी (accusative dual)
अञ्जांसि (accusative plural)
अञ्जसा (instrumental singular)
अञ्जोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अञ्जोभिः (instrumental plural)
अञ्जसे (dative singular)
अञ्जोभ्याम् (dative dual)
अञ्जोभ्यः (dative plural)
अञ्जसः (ablative singular)
अञ्जोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अञ्जोभ्यः (ablative plural)
अञ्जसः (genitive singular)
अञ्जसोः (dual genitive)
अञ्जसाम् (genitive plural)
अञ्जसि (locative singular)
अञ्जसोः (dual locative)
अञ्जःसु (locative plural)

Assamese: আঞ্জা (añza)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hánȷ́as, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hánǰas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃éngʷos (“fat, grease”), from *h₃engʷ- (“to smear, anoint”). Cognate with Latin unguen, dialectal German Anke.

inh

/ˈɐɲ.d͡ʑɐs̪/


अञ्जस्

Perhaps the same as Etymology 1, with semantic shift "greasy ointment" > "quickness (due to lowered friction)". For a semantic parallel, compare English greased lightning.

/ˈɐɲ.d͡ʑɐs̪/


वैदिक

vaidiká (romanization)
वैदिकः (nominative singular)
वैदिकौ (dual nominative)
वैदिका1 (dual nominative)
वैदिकाः (nominative plural)
वैदिकासः1 (nominative plural)
वैदिक (singular vocative)
वैदिकौ (dual vocative)
वैदिका1 (dual vocative)
वैदिकाः (plural vocative)
वैदिकासः1 (plural vocative)
वैदिकम् (accusative singular)
वैदिकौ (accusative dual)
वैदिका1 (accusative dual)
वैदिकान् (accusative plural)
वैदिकेन (instrumental singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैदिकैः (instrumental plural)
वैदिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वैदिकाय (dative singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैदिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
वैदिकात् (ablative singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैदिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैदिकस्य (genitive singular)
वैदिकयोः (dual genitive)
वैदिकानाम् (genitive plural)
वैदिके (locative singular)
वैदिकयोः (dual locative)
वैदिकेषु (locative plural)
वैदिकी (nominative singular)
वैदिक्यौ (dual nominative)
वैदिकी1 (dual nominative)
वैदिक्यः (nominative plural)
वैदिकीः1 (nominative plural)
वैदिकि (singular vocative)
वैदिक्यौ (dual vocative)
वैदिकी1 (dual vocative)
वैदिक्यः (plural vocative)
वैदिकीः1 (plural vocative)
वैदिकीम् (accusative singular)
वैदिक्यौ (accusative dual)
वैदिकी1 (accusative dual)
वैदिकीः (accusative plural)
वैदिक्या (instrumental singular)
वैदिकीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैदिकीभिः (instrumental plural)
वैदिक्यै (dative singular)
वैदिकीभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैदिकीभ्यः (dative plural)
वैदिक्याः (ablative singular)
वैदिक्यै2 (ablative singular)
वैदिकीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैदिकीभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैदिक्याः (genitive singular)
वैदिक्यै2 (genitive singular)
वैदिक्योः (dual genitive)
वैदिकीनाम् (genitive plural)
वैदिक्याम् (locative singular)
वैदिक्योः (dual locative)
वैदिकीषु (locative plural)
वैदिकम् (nominative singular)
वैदिके (dual nominative)
वैदिकानि (nominative plural)
वैदिका1 (nominative plural)
वैदिक (singular vocative)
वैदिके (dual vocative)
वैदिकानि (plural vocative)
वैदिका1 (plural vocative)
वैदिकम् (accusative singular)
वैदिके (accusative dual)
वैदिकानि (accusative plural)
वैदिका1 (accusative plural)
वैदिकेन (instrumental singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैदिकैः (instrumental plural)
वैदिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वैदिकाय (dative singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैदिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
वैदिकात् (ablative singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैदिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैदिकस्य (genitive singular)
वैदिकयोः (dual genitive)
वैदिकानाम् (genitive plural)
वैदिके (locative singular)
वैदिकयोः (dual locative)
वैदिकेषु (locative plural)

relating to the Veda, derived from or conformable to the Veda prescribed in the Vedas, Vedic, knowing the Vedas


वैदिक

vaidiká (romanization)
वैदिकम् (nominative singular)
वैदिके (dual nominative)
वैदिकानि (nominative plural)
वैदिका1 (nominative plural)
वैदिक (singular vocative)
वैदिके (dual vocative)
वैदिकानि (plural vocative)
वैदिका1 (plural vocative)
वैदिकम् (accusative singular)
वैदिके (accusative dual)
वैदिकानि (accusative plural)
वैदिका1 (accusative plural)
वैदिकेन (instrumental singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैदिकैः (instrumental plural)
वैदिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वैदिकाय (dative singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैदिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
वैदिकात् (ablative singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैदिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैदिकस्य (genitive singular)
वैदिकयोः (dual genitive)
वैदिकानाम् (genitive plural)
वैदिके (locative singular)
वैदिकयोः (dual locative)
वैदिकेषु (locative plural)


वैदिक

vaidiká (romanization)
वैदिकः (nominative singular)
वैदिकौ (dual nominative)
वैदिका1 (dual nominative)
वैदिकाः (nominative plural)
वैदिकासः1 (nominative plural)
वैदिक (singular vocative)
वैदिकौ (dual vocative)
वैदिका1 (dual vocative)
वैदिकाः (plural vocative)
वैदिकासः1 (plural vocative)
वैदिकम् (accusative singular)
वैदिकौ (accusative dual)
वैदिका1 (accusative dual)
वैदिकान् (accusative plural)
वैदिकेन (instrumental singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वैदिकैः (instrumental plural)
वैदिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वैदिकाय (dative singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वैदिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
वैदिकात् (ablative singular)
वैदिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वैदिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वैदिकस्य (genitive singular)
वैदिकयोः (dual genitive)
वैदिकानाम् (genitive plural)
वैदिके (locative singular)
वैदिकयोः (dual locative)
वैदिकेषु (locative plural)


लेप

lepa (romanization)
लिप् (root)
लेपः (nominative singular)
लेपौ (dual nominative)
लेपाः (nominative plural)
लेप (singular vocative)
लेपौ (dual vocative)
लेपाः (plural vocative)
लेपम् (accusative singular)
लेपौ (accusative dual)
लेपान् (accusative plural)
लेपेन (instrumental singular)
लेपाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लेपैः (instrumental plural)
लेपाय (dative singular)
लेपाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लेपेभ्यः (dative plural)
लेपात् (ablative singular)
लेपाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लेपेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लेपस्य (genitive singular)
लेपयोः (dual genitive)
लेपानाम् (genitive plural)
लेपे (locative singular)
लेपयोः (dual locative)
लेपेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of लेप

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lóypos (“adhesive, glue, something smeared”), from the root *leyp- (“to stick, adhere to, smear; fatty substance”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *lě̑pъ, Lithuanian lipaĩ (“glue”), Ancient Greek λίπος (lípos, “fat”).


अर्शस्

árśas (romanization)
अर्शः (nominative singular)
अर्शसी (dual nominative)
अर्शांसि (nominative plural)
अर्शः (singular vocative)
अर्शसी (dual vocative)
अर्शांसि (plural vocative)
अर्शः (accusative singular)
अर्शसी (accusative dual)
अर्शांसि (accusative plural)
अर्शसा (instrumental singular)
अर्शोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्शोभिः (instrumental plural)
अर्शसे (dative singular)
अर्शोभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्शोभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्शसः (ablative singular)
अर्शोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्शोभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्शसः (genitive singular)
अर्शसोः (dual genitive)
अर्शसाम् (genitive plural)
अर्शसि (locative singular)
अर्शसोः (dual locative)
अर्शःसु (locative plural)

Pali: arisa

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀭𑀺𑀲 (arisa), 𑀅𑀭𑀲 (arasa)

Prakrit: *𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (*assa)

Sindhi: اَسو (aso, “wart, mole”)

→ Hindi: अर्श (arś)

→ Kannada: ಅರ್ಶಸ್ಸು (arśassu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hárćas (“ulcer; haemorrhoids”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁élḱos (“wound, sore, ulcer”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἕλκος (hélkos, “wound, sore”), Latin ulcus (“ulcer”) (→ English ulcer), Sogdian [script needed] (ʾrsx, “haemorrhoids”).

cog

नाशयित्री बलासस्यार्शस ऽउपचिताम् असि ।

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 12.98

Banisher of catarrh art thou, of tumours and of hemorrhoids


भर्तृ

bhártṛ (romanization)
भृ (root)
भर्ता (nominative singular)
भर्तारौ (dual nominative)
भर्तारा1 (dual nominative)
भर्तारः (nominative plural)
भर्तः (singular vocative)
भर्तारौ (dual vocative)
भर्तारा1 (dual vocative)
भर्तारः (plural vocative)
भर्तारम् (accusative singular)
भर्तारौ (accusative dual)
भर्तारा1 (accusative dual)
भर्तॄन् (accusative plural)
भर्त्रा (instrumental singular)
भर्तृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भर्तृभिः (instrumental plural)
भर्त्रे (dative singular)
भर्तृभ्याम् (dative dual)
भर्तृभ्यः (dative plural)
भर्तुः (ablative singular)
भर्तृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भर्तृभ्यः (ablative plural)
भर्तुः (genitive singular)
भर्त्रोः (dual genitive)
भर्तॄणाम् (genitive plural)
भर्तरि (locative singular)
भर्त्रोः (dual locative)
भर्तृषु (locative plural)

Kalasha: berú

desctree

Old Gujarati: भरतार (bharatāra)
Gujarati: ભરતાર (bhartār)

Hindi: भतार (bhatār)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ভতাৰ (bhotar)

Kamta: ভাতাৰ (bhatar)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼 (bhattu)

desc

Old Marathi: 𑘥𑘨𑘿𑘝𑘰𑘨 (bhartāra), 𑘥𑘰𑘝𑘰𑘨 (bhātāra)

Pali: bhattar

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਭੱਤਾਰ (bhattār) (uncommon, poetic)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼 (bhattu)

Sindhi: ڀَتَارُ

Sindhi: ڀَتَارُ / भतारु

/ˈbʱɐɾ.t̪r̩/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰártā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰártā (see below).

प्रथिष्ट यामन्पृथिवी चिदेषां भर्तेव गर्भं स्वमिच्छवो धुः ।
वातान्ह्यश्वान्धुर्यायुयुज्रे वर्षं स्वेदं चक्रिरे रुद्रियासः ॥
prathiṣṭa yāmanpṛthivī cideṣāṃ bharteva garbhaṃ svamicchavo dhuḥ.

Even Earth hath spread herself wide at their coming, and they as husbands have with power impregned her.
They to the pole have yoked the winds for coursers: their sweat have they made rain, these Sons of Rudra.

vātānhyaśvāndhuryāyuyujre varṣaṃ svedaṃ cakrire rudriyāsaḥ.

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


भर्तृ

bhartṛ́ (romanization)
भृ (root)
भर्ता (nominative singular)
भर्तारौ (dual nominative)
भर्तारा1 (dual nominative)
भर्तारः (nominative plural)
भर्तः (singular vocative)
भर्तारौ (dual vocative)
भर्तारा1 (dual vocative)
भर्तारः (plural vocative)
भर्तारम् (accusative singular)
भर्तारौ (accusative dual)
भर्तारा1 (accusative dual)
भर्तॄन् (accusative plural)
भर्त्रा (instrumental singular)
भर्तृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भर्तृभिः (instrumental plural)
भर्त्रे (dative singular)
भर्तृभ्याम् (dative dual)
भर्तृभ्यः (dative plural)
भर्तुः (ablative singular)
भर्तृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भर्तृभ्यः (ablative plural)
भर्तुः (genitive singular)
भर्त्रोः (dual genitive)
भर्तॄणाम् (genitive plural)
भर्तरि (locative singular)
भर्त्रोः (dual locative)
भर्तृषु (locative plural)

/ˈbʱɐɾ.t̪r̩/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰartā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰartā́, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”). Cognate with Latin fertor.

der

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda


चक्रवर्ती

/t͡ɕɐk.ɾɐ.ʋɐɾ.tiː/

/t͡ɕɐk.ɾɐˈʋɐɾ.t̪iː/

चक्रवर्तिन् चक्रवर्तिन्#Sanskrit

nominative singular of चक्रवर्तिन् (cakravartin)


श्मश्रु

sa-noun

श्मश्रु • (śmáśru) stem, n

śmáśru (romanization)
श्मश्रु (nominative singular)
श्मश्रुणी (dual nominative)
श्मश्रूणि (nominative plural)
श्मश्रु1 (nominative plural)
श्मश्रू1 (nominative plural)
श्मश्रु (singular vocative)
श्मश्रो (singular vocative)
श्मश्रुणी (dual vocative)
श्मश्रूणि (plural vocative)
श्मश्रु1 (plural vocative)
श्मश्रू1 (plural vocative)
श्मश्रु (accusative singular)
श्मश्रुणी (accusative dual)
श्मश्रूणि (accusative plural)
श्मश्रु1 (accusative plural)
श्मश्रू1 (accusative plural)
श्मश्रुणा (instrumental singular)
श्मश्र्वा1 (instrumental singular)
श्मश्रुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्मश्रुभिः (instrumental plural)
श्मश्रुणे (dative singular)
श्मश्रवे1 (dative singular)
श्मश्रुभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्मश्रुभ्यः (dative plural)
श्मश्रुणः (ablative singular)
श्मश्रोः1 (ablative singular)
श्मश्रुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्मश्रुभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्मश्रुणः (genitive singular)
श्मश्रोः1 (genitive singular)
श्मश्रुणोः (dual genitive)
श्मश्रूणाम् (genitive plural)
श्मश्रुणि (locative singular)
श्मश्रौ1 (locative singular)
श्मश्रुणोः (dual locative)
श्मश्रुषु (locative plural)

Hindi: मूंछ (mūñch)

Pali: massu

→ Thai: มัสสุ (mát-sù)

desc

Prakrit: [script needed] (massū̆), [script needed] (maṁsu), [script needed] (māsu), [script needed] (māsurī)

→ Malayalam: മയിർ (mayiṟ)

→ Tamil: மயிர் (mayir)

From Proto-Indo-European *smoḱru (“beard”), from original *smóḱwr̥. Cognate with Albanian mjekër (“beard”), Old Armenian մօրուք (mōrukʻ, “beard”), Lithuanian smãkras (“chin”), Hittite 𒍝𒈠𒀭𒆳 (za-ma-an-kur /tsmá(n)gur/, “beard”), Irish smech (“chin”). The assimilation of Sanskrit *s to ś, thus giving श्मश्रु (śmaśru) instead of *स्मश्रु (smaśru), is regular in the presence of another ś as is also observed in शश (śaśa, “hare”) and श्वशुर (śvaśura, “father-in-law”).


स्फ्य

sphyá (romanization)
स्फ्यम् (nominative singular)
स्फ्ये (dual nominative)
स्फ्यानि (nominative plural)
स्फ्या1 (nominative plural)
स्फ्य (singular vocative)
स्फ्ये (dual vocative)
स्फ्यानि (plural vocative)
स्फ्या1 (plural vocative)
स्फ्यम् (accusative singular)
स्फ्ये (accusative dual)
स्फ्यानि (accusative plural)
स्फ्या1 (accusative plural)
स्फ्येन (instrumental singular)
स्फ्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्फ्यैः (instrumental plural)
स्फ्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्फ्याय (dative singular)
स्फ्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्फ्येभ्यः (dative plural)
स्फ्यात् (ablative singular)
स्फ्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्फ्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्फ्यस्य (genitive singular)
स्फ्ययोः (dual genitive)
स्फ्यानाम् (genitive plural)
स्फ्ये (locative singular)
स्फ्ययोः (dual locative)
स्फ्येषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)piHn- (“hook, fin, feather”). Cognate with Latin pinna (“feather, wing”), Tocharian A spin (“hook”), Dutch vin, German Finne, Old English finn (whence English fin).

inh

an implement used in sacrifices described as a flat piece of wood


रजनी

rájanī (romanization)
रजनी (nominative singular)
रजन्यौ (dual nominative)
रजनी1 (dual nominative)
रजन्यः (nominative plural)
रजनीः1 (nominative plural)
रजनि (singular vocative)
रजन्यौ (dual vocative)
रजनी1 (dual vocative)
रजन्यः (plural vocative)
रजनीः1 (plural vocative)
रजनीम् (accusative singular)
रजन्यौ (accusative dual)
रजनी1 (accusative dual)
रजनीः (accusative plural)
रजन्या (instrumental singular)
रजनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रजनीभिः (instrumental plural)
रजन्यै (dative singular)
रजनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
रजनीभ्यः (dative plural)
रजन्याः (ablative singular)
रजन्यै2 (ablative singular)
रजनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रजनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
रजन्याः (genitive singular)
रजन्यै2 (genitive singular)
रजन्योः (dual genitive)
रजनीनाम् (genitive plural)
रजन्याम् (locative singular)
रजन्योः (dual locative)
रजनीषु (locative plural)

/ɾɐ́.d͡ʑɐ.niː/

/ˈɾɐ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪iː/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hráȷ́aniH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HráǰaniH, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁régʷenih₂, from *h₁régʷos (“darkness”). Related to रजस् (rájas).


सप्तमी

The 7th tithi or lunar day of the fortnight.


ब्रू

head

ब्रू • (brū)

sa-root

ब्रू • (brū)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *mlewH- (“to say”).


व्यवस्था

head

व्यवस्था • (vyavasthā)

sa-root

व्यवस्था • (vyavasthā)

/ʋjɐ.ʋɐs.tʰɑː/

/ʋjɐˈʋɐs̪.t̪ʰɑː/

to be settled, be (logically) true or tenable

to settle, arrange, establish, determine, prove to be (logically) tenable


व्यवस्था

vyavasthā (romanization)
व्यवस्था (nominative singular)
व्यवस्थे (dual nominative)
व्यवस्थाः (nominative plural)
व्यवस्थे (singular vocative)
व्यवस्थे (dual vocative)
व्यवस्थाः (plural vocative)
व्यवस्थाम् (accusative singular)
व्यवस्थे (accusative dual)
व्यवस्थाः (accusative plural)
व्यवस्थया (instrumental singular)
व्यवस्था1 (instrumental singular)
व्यवस्थाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
व्यवस्थाभिः (instrumental plural)
व्यवस्थायै (dative singular)
व्यवस्थाभ्याम् (dative dual)
व्यवस्थाभ्यः (dative plural)
व्यवस्थायाः (ablative singular)
व्यवस्थायै2 (ablative singular)
व्यवस्थाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
व्यवस्थाभ्यः (ablative plural)
व्यवस्थायाः (genitive singular)
व्यवस्थायै2 (genitive singular)
व्यवस्थयोः (dual genitive)
व्यवस्थानाम् (genitive plural)
व्यवस्थायाम् (locative singular)
व्यवस्थयोः (dual locative)
व्यवस्थासु (locative plural)

/ʋjɐ.ʋɐs.tʰɑː/

/ʋjɐˈʋɐs̪.t̪ʰɑː/

settlement, establishment, decision, statute, law, rule

legal decision or opinion (applied to the written extracts from the codes of law or adjustment of contradictory passages in different codes)


स्तम्भ

stambha (romanization)
स्तम्भः (nominative singular)
स्तम्भौ (dual nominative)
स्तम्भा1 (dual nominative)
स्तम्भाः (nominative plural)
स्तम्भासः1 (nominative plural)
स्तम्भ (singular vocative)
स्तम्भौ (dual vocative)
स्तम्भा1 (dual vocative)
स्तम्भाः (plural vocative)
स्तम्भासः1 (plural vocative)
स्तम्भम् (accusative singular)
स्तम्भौ (accusative dual)
स्तम्भा1 (accusative dual)
स्तम्भान् (accusative plural)
स्तम्भेन (instrumental singular)
स्तम्भाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्तम्भैः (instrumental plural)
स्तम्भेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्तम्भाय (dative singular)
स्तम्भाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्तम्भेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्तम्भात् (ablative singular)
स्तम्भाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्तम्भेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्तम्भस्य (genitive singular)
स्तम्भयोः (dual genitive)
स्तम्भानाम् (genitive plural)
स्तम्भे (locative singular)
स्तम्भयोः (dual locative)
स्तम्भेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: থাম (tham), থুম (thum)

Pali: thambha

Punjabi: ਥੰਮ੍ਹ (thammh)

Odia: ଥମ୍ବ (thamba)

Khowar: ٹھُون

→ Hindi: स्तंभ (stambh)

→ Marathi: स्तंभ (stambha)

→ Thai: สดมภ์ (sà-dom)

→ Kannada: ಸ್ತಂಭ (stambha)

→ Telugu: స్తంభము (stambhamu)

→ Bengali: স্তম্ভ (stombho)

→ Nepali: स्तम्भ (stambha)

From the root स्तभ् (stabh, “to support”).

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


एव

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háywas. Compare Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬎𐬎𐬀 (aēuua).

ए॒वा च॒ त्वं स॑रम आज॒गन्थ॒ प्रबा॑धिता॒ सह॑सा॒ दैव्ये॑न ।
स्वसा॑रं त्वा कृणवै॒ मा पुन॑र्गा॒ अप॑ ते॒ गवां॑ सुभगे भजाम ॥
evā́ ca tváṃ sarama ājagántha prábādhitā sáhasā daívyena.

Even thus, O Sarama, hast thou come hither, forced by celestial might to make the journey.
Turn thee not back, for thou shalt be our sister: O Blest One, we will give thee of the cattle.

svásāraṃ tvā kṛṇavai mā́ púnargā ápa te gávāṃ subhage bhajāma.

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


एव

TBr


एव

éva (romanization)
áiva (Vedic)
एवः (nominative singular)
एवौ (dual nominative)
एवा1 (dual nominative)
एवाः (nominative plural)
एवासः1 (nominative plural)
एव (singular vocative)
एवौ (dual vocative)
एवा1 (dual vocative)
एवाः (plural vocative)
एवासः1 (plural vocative)
एवम् (accusative singular)
एवौ (accusative dual)
एवा1 (accusative dual)
एवान् (accusative plural)
एवेन (instrumental singular)
एवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
एवैः (instrumental plural)
एवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
एवाय (dative singular)
एवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
एवेभ्यः (dative plural)
एवात् (ablative singular)
एवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
एवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
एवस्य (genitive singular)
एवयोः (dual genitive)
एवानाम् (genitive plural)
एवे (locative singular)
एवयोः (dual locative)
एवेषु (locative plural)

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā)

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


एधते

sa-verb

एधते • (édhate) third-singular indicative (class 1, type A, root एध्)

édhate (romanization)
एध् (root)
एधते (present)
एधते (indicative singular third-person)
एधेते (dual indicative third-person)
एधन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
एधसे (indicative second-person singular)
एधेथे (dual indicative second-person)
एधध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
एधे (first-person indicative singular)
एधावहे (dual first-person indicative)
एधामहे (first-person indicative plural)
एधताम् (imperative singular third-person)
एधेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
एधन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
एधस्व (imperative second-person singular)
एधेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
एधध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
एधै (first-person imperative singular)
एधावहै (dual first-person imperative)
एधामहै (first-person imperative plural)
एधेत (imperative singular third-person)
एधेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
एधेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
एधेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
एधेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
एधेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
एधेय (first-person imperative singular)
एधेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
एधेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
एधाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
एधातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
एधैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
एधन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
एधान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
एधासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
एधासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
एधैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
एधाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
एधै (first-person singular subjunctive)
एधावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
एधामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
एधमान (participle)
ऐधत (imperfect)
ऐधत (indicative singular third-person)
ऐधेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
ऐधन्त (indicative plural third-person)
ऐधथाः (indicative second-person singular)
ऐधेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
ऐधध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
ऐधे (first-person indicative singular)
ऐधावहि (dual first-person indicative)
ऐधामहि (first-person indicative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háydʰatay, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háydʰatay, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éydʰ-e-ti (“to ignite, set on fire”), from *h₂eydʰ- (“to ignite, burn”). Cognate with Ancient Greek αἴθω (aíthō).

inh

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


श्रु

head

श्रु • (śru)

sa-root

श्रु • (śru)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-
Sanskrit श्रु (śru)
From Proto-Indo-European *ḱlu-, zero-grade of *ḱlew- (“to hear”).

etymon

शिश्रावयिषति

śiśrāvayiṣati, Desiderative of Causative

शुश्रावयिषति

śuśrāvayiṣati, Desiderative of Causative


स्वाधीनता

svādhīnatā (romanization)
स्वाधीनता (nominative singular)
स्वाधीनते (dual nominative)
स्वाधीनताः (nominative plural)
स्वाधीनते (singular vocative)
स्वाधीनते (dual vocative)
स्वाधीनताः (plural vocative)
स्वाधीनताम् (accusative singular)
स्वाधीनते (accusative dual)
स्वाधीनताः (accusative plural)
स्वाधीनतया (instrumental singular)
स्वाधीनता1 (instrumental singular)
स्वाधीनताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वाधीनताभिः (instrumental plural)
स्वाधीनतायै (dative singular)
स्वाधीनताभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वाधीनताभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वाधीनतायाः (ablative singular)
स्वाधीनतायै2 (ablative singular)
स्वाधीनताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वाधीनताभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वाधीनतायाः (genitive singular)
स्वाधीनतायै2 (genitive singular)
स्वाधीनतयोः (dual genitive)
स्वाधीनतानाम् (genitive plural)
स्वाधीनतायाम् (locative singular)
स्वाधीनतयोः (dual locative)
स्वाधीनतासु (locative plural)

/s̪ʋɑːˈd̪ʱiː.n̪ɐ.t̪ɑː/

From स्वाधीन (svādhīna, “self-dependent”) + -ता (-tā).

suf

200 BCE – 1200, Kāvya literature


शीर्ष

sa-noun

शीर्ष • (śīrṣá) stem, n

śīrṣá (romanization)
शीर्षम् (nominative singular)
शीर्षे (dual nominative)
शीर्षाणि (nominative plural)
शीर्षा1 (nominative plural)
शीर्ष (singular vocative)
शीर्षे (dual vocative)
शीर्षाणि (plural vocative)
शीर्षा1 (plural vocative)
शीर्षम् (accusative singular)
शीर्षे (accusative dual)
शीर्षाणि (accusative plural)
शीर्षा1 (accusative plural)
शीर्षेण (instrumental singular)
शीर्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शीर्षैः (instrumental plural)
शीर्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शीर्षाय (dative singular)
शीर्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शीर्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
शीर्षात् (ablative singular)
शीर्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शीर्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शीर्षस्य (genitive singular)
शीर्षयोः (dual genitive)
शीर्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
शीर्षे (locative singular)
शीर्षयोः (dual locative)
शीर्षेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Chilisso: šiš

Kalasha: ṣiṣ

Kamkata-viri: ṣīṣ

Phalura: ṣiṣ

desc

Shina: ݜݜ (ṣĭṣ), ݜیݜ (ṣīṣ), ݜںݜ (ṣĭ̃ṣu)

Shina: ݜݜ (ṣĭṣ), ݜیݜ (ṣīṣ), ݜںݜ (ṣĭ̃ṣu)

Indus Kohistani: ݜِݜ (šiš), شِش (ṣiṣ)

Kohistani Shina: ݜیݜو (ṣīṣo)

Savi: ṣiṣ

Pali: sīsa, sīsaka

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sissa), 𑀲𑀻𑀲 (sīsa)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sissa)

Baltic Romani: sīs

Braj: सीस (sīs)

Gujarati: શીસ (śīs)

Hindustani: sīs

Hindi: सीस

Urdu: سِیس (sīs)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: শীহ (xih)

Bengali: শীষ (śiś)

Bihari: सिस (sis)

Maithili: सीसा (sīsā)

Odia: ସୀସା (sisā)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އިސް (is), އިހު (ihu)

Sinhalese: ඉහ (iha)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: śisaru

Devanagari script: शिसरु (śisru)

Latin script: xisoru

Kannada script: ಶಿಸರು

Marathi: शीस (śīs), शींस (śīusa)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: sīs, sīsā

Gurmukhi script: ਸੀਸ, ਸੀਸਾ

Shahmukhi script: سِیس, سِیسَا

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: sisī

Arabic script: سِسِي

Devanagari script: सिसी

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śr̥Hsá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥Hšá, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱérh₂-sō, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κάρα (kára), Old English hærn (whence English harns). Collateral to Vedic Sanskrit शीर्षन् (śīrṣán).


उत्तान

head

उत्तान • (uttāná)

uttāná (romanization)
उत्तानः (nominative singular)
उत्तानौ (dual nominative)
उत्ताना1 (dual nominative)
उत्तानाः (nominative plural)
उत्तानासः1 (nominative plural)
उत्तान (singular vocative)
उत्तानौ (dual vocative)
उत्ताना1 (dual vocative)
उत्तानाः (plural vocative)
उत्तानासः1 (plural vocative)
उत्तानम् (accusative singular)
उत्तानौ (accusative dual)
उत्ताना1 (accusative dual)
उत्तानान् (accusative plural)
उत्तानेन (instrumental singular)
उत्तानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उत्तानैः (instrumental plural)
उत्तानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उत्तानाय (dative singular)
उत्तानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उत्तानेभ्यः (dative plural)
उत्तानात् (ablative singular)
उत्तानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उत्तानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उत्तानस्य (genitive singular)
उत्तानयोः (dual genitive)
उत्तानानाम् (genitive plural)
उत्ताने (locative singular)
उत्तानयोः (dual locative)
उत्तानेषु (locative plural)
उत्ताना (nominative singular)
उत्ताने (dual nominative)
उत्तानाः (nominative plural)
उत्ताने (singular vocative)
उत्ताने (dual vocative)
उत्तानाः (plural vocative)
उत्तानाम् (accusative singular)
उत्ताने (accusative dual)
उत्तानाः (accusative plural)
उत्तानया (instrumental singular)
उत्ताना1 (instrumental singular)
उत्तानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उत्तानाभिः (instrumental plural)
उत्तानायै (dative singular)
उत्तानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उत्तानाभ्यः (dative plural)
उत्तानायाः (ablative singular)
उत्तानायै2 (ablative singular)
उत्तानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उत्तानाभ्यः (ablative plural)
उत्तानायाः (genitive singular)
उत्तानायै2 (genitive singular)
उत्तानयोः (dual genitive)
उत्तानानाम् (genitive plural)
उत्तानायाम् (locative singular)
उत्तानयोः (dual locative)
उत्तानासु (locative plural)
उत्तानम् (nominative singular)
उत्ताने (dual nominative)
उत्तानानि (nominative plural)
उत्ताना1 (nominative plural)
उत्तान (singular vocative)
उत्ताने (dual vocative)
उत्तानानि (plural vocative)
उत्ताना1 (plural vocative)
उत्तानम् (accusative singular)
उत्ताने (accusative dual)
उत्तानानि (accusative plural)
उत्ताना1 (accusative plural)
उत्तानेन (instrumental singular)
उत्तानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उत्तानैः (instrumental plural)
उत्तानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उत्तानाय (dative singular)
उत्तानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उत्तानेभ्यः (dative plural)
उत्तानात् (ablative singular)
उत्तानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उत्तानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उत्तानस्य (genitive singular)
उत्तानयोः (dual genitive)
उत्तानानाम् (genitive plural)
उत्ताने (locative singular)
उत्तानयोः (dual locative)
उत्तानेषु (locative plural)

Pali: uttāna

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡 (uttāṇa)

Marathi: उताणा (utāṇā)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡 (uttāṇa)

Hindi: उताना (utānā)

/ut̪ˈt̪ɑː.n̪ɐ/

[ut̪̚ˈt̪ɑː.n̪ɐ]

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *uttaHnás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *utˢtaHnás, from Proto-Indo-European *ud-tn̥h₂-nós, from *úd + *tn̥h₂-nós, the latter from *tenh₂- (“to stretch, extend”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀 (ustāna).

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

stretched out, spread out, lying on the back, sleeping supinely or with the face upwards


खट

khaṭa (romanization)
खटः (nominative singular)
खटौ (dual nominative)
खटा1 (dual nominative)
खटाः (nominative plural)
खटासः1 (nominative plural)
खट (singular vocative)
खटौ (dual vocative)
खटा1 (dual vocative)
खटाः (plural vocative)
खटासः1 (plural vocative)
खटम् (accusative singular)
खटौ (accusative dual)
खटा1 (accusative dual)
खटान् (accusative plural)
खटेन (instrumental singular)
खटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खटैः (instrumental plural)
खटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
खटाय (dative singular)
खटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खटेभ्यः (dative plural)
खटात् (ablative singular)
खटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
खटस्य (genitive singular)
खटयोः (dual genitive)
खटानाम् (genitive plural)
खटे (locative singular)
खटयोः (dual locative)
खटेषु (locative plural)

Perhaps borrowed from Dravidian; compare Kannada ಕಡಿ (kaḍi, “to cut, bite, break”).

cog

a kind of blow (‘the closed or doubled fist, as for striking’)


खट

Related to कट (kaṭa, “grass”); see there for more.


असित

ásita (romanization)
असितः (nominative singular)
असितौ (dual nominative)
असिता1 (dual nominative)
असिताः (nominative plural)
असितासः1 (nominative plural)
असित (singular vocative)
असितौ (dual vocative)
असिता1 (dual vocative)
असिताः (plural vocative)
असितासः1 (plural vocative)
असितम् (accusative singular)
असितौ (accusative dual)
असिता1 (accusative dual)
असितान् (accusative plural)
असितेन (instrumental singular)
असिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
असितैः (instrumental plural)
असितेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
असिताय (dative singular)
असिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
असितेभ्यः (dative plural)
असितात् (ablative singular)
असिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
असितेभ्यः (ablative plural)
असितस्य (genitive singular)
असितयोः (dual genitive)
असितानाम् (genitive plural)
असिते (locative singular)
असितयोः (dual locative)
असितेषु (locative plural)
असिता (nominative singular)
असिते (dual nominative)
असिताः (nominative plural)
असिते (singular vocative)
असिते (dual vocative)
असिताः (plural vocative)
असिताम् (accusative singular)
असिते (accusative dual)
असिताः (accusative plural)
असितया (instrumental singular)
असिता1 (instrumental singular)
असिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
असिताभिः (instrumental plural)
असितायै (dative singular)
असिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
असिताभ्यः (dative plural)
असितायाः (ablative singular)
असितायै2 (ablative singular)
असिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
असिताभ्यः (ablative plural)
असितायाः (genitive singular)
असितायै2 (genitive singular)
असितयोः (dual genitive)
असितानाम् (genitive plural)
असितायाम् (locative singular)
असितयोः (dual locative)
असितासु (locative plural)
असितम् (nominative singular)
असिते (dual nominative)
असितानि (nominative plural)
असिता1 (nominative plural)
असित (singular vocative)
असिते (dual vocative)
असितानि (plural vocative)
असिता1 (plural vocative)
असितम् (accusative singular)
असिते (accusative dual)
असितानि (accusative plural)
असिता1 (accusative plural)
असितेन (instrumental singular)
असिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
असितैः (instrumental plural)
असितेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
असिताय (dative singular)
असिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
असितेभ्यः (dative plural)
असितात् (ablative singular)
असिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
असितेभ्यः (ablative plural)
असितस्य (genitive singular)
असितयोः (dual genitive)
असितानाम् (genitive plural)
असिते (locative singular)
असितयोः (dual locative)
असितेषु (locative plural)

Pali: asita

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ásitas
Sanskrit असित (asita)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hásitas, further perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nsi- (“dark, black”). Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬁𐬵𐬌𐬙𐬀 (āhita, “tainted, unclean”), Khotanese [script needed] (hätänai, “red”).
The Indo-European source is reconstructed based on a comparison with Hittite [script needed] (ḫa-an-za-na-aš /ḫanzana-/, “black; web”), and Ancient Greek ἄσις (ásis, “slime, mud”), but this is uncertain.

cog

RV


असित

asitá (romanization)
असितः (nominative singular)
असितौ (dual nominative)
असिता1 (dual nominative)
असिताः (nominative plural)
असितासः1 (nominative plural)
असित (singular vocative)
असितौ (dual vocative)
असिता1 (dual vocative)
असिताः (plural vocative)
असितासः1 (plural vocative)
असितम् (accusative singular)
असितौ (accusative dual)
असिता1 (accusative dual)
असितान् (accusative plural)
असितेन (instrumental singular)
असिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
असितैः (instrumental plural)
असितेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
असिताय (dative singular)
असिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
असितेभ्यः (dative plural)
असितात् (ablative singular)
असिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
असितेभ्यः (ablative plural)
असितस्य (genitive singular)
असितयोः (dual genitive)
असितानाम् (genitive plural)
असिते (locative singular)
असितयोः (dual locative)
असितेषु (locative plural)

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda


असित

ásita (romanization)
असितः (nominative singular)
असितौ (dual nominative)
असिता1 (dual nominative)
असिताः (nominative plural)
असितासः1 (nominative plural)
असित (singular vocative)
असितौ (dual vocative)
असिता1 (dual vocative)
असिताः (plural vocative)
असितासः1 (plural vocative)
असितम् (accusative singular)
असितौ (accusative dual)
असिता1 (accusative dual)
असितान् (accusative plural)
असितेन (instrumental singular)
असिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
असितैः (instrumental plural)
असितेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
असिताय (dative singular)
असिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
असितेभ्यः (dative plural)
असितात् (ablative singular)
असिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
असितेभ्यः (ablative plural)
असितस्य (genitive singular)
असितयोः (dual genitive)
असितानाम् (genitive plural)
असिते (locative singular)
असितयोः (dual locative)
असितेषु (locative plural)


उकरा

the name of a translation of Sphaerica by Theodosius via Arabic


कदा

head

कदा • (kadā́)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kadáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kadáH, whence the cognate Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬛𐬁 (kadā, “when”); possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷodéh₂ (“when”) (compare Lithuanian kadà; see there for details): *kʷo- + *-de + *-h₂. The suffix *-déh₂ has not been satisfactorily explained, but compare यदा (yadā), तदा (tadā).

कदापि ― kadāpi ― sometimes

कदा न

कदा चित्

कदा वां तौग्र्यो विधत्समुद्रे जहितो नरा ।
यद्वां रथो विभिष्पतात् ॥
kadā vāṃ taugryo vidhatsamudre jahito narā.

When did the son of Tugra serve you, Men? Abandoned in the sea,
That with winged steeds your car might fly.

का ते अस्त्यरंकृतिः सूक्तैः कदा नूनं ते मघवन्दाशेम ।
विश्वा मतीरा ततने त्वायाधा म इन्द्र शृणवो हवेमा ॥
kā te astyaraṃkṛtiḥ sūktaiḥ kadā nūnaṃ te maghavandāśema.

What satisfaction do our hymns afford thee? When, Maghavan? Now let us do thee service.
Hymns, only hymns, with love for thee, I weave thee: then hear, O Indra, these mine invocations.

viśvā matīrā tatane tvāyādhā ma indra śṛṇavo havemā.


दृकाण

dṛkāṇa (romanization)
दृकाणः (nominative singular)
दृकाणौ (dual nominative)
दृकाणाः (nominative plural)
दृकाण (singular vocative)
दृकाणौ (dual vocative)
दृकाणाः (plural vocative)
दृकाणम् (accusative singular)
दृकाणौ (accusative dual)
दृकाणान् (accusative plural)
दृकाणेन (instrumental singular)
दृकाणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दृकाणैः (instrumental plural)
दृकाणाय (dative singular)
दृकाणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दृकाणेभ्यः (dative plural)
दृकाणात् (ablative singular)
दृकाणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दृकाणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दृकाणस्य (genitive singular)
दृकाणयोः (dual genitive)
दृकाणानाम् (genitive plural)
दृकाणे (locative singular)
दृकाणयोः (dual locative)
दृकाणेषु (locative plural)

/d̪r̩ˈkɑː.ɳɐ/

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δεκανός (dekanós).

bor+

505 CE – 587 CE, Varāhamihira


पलव

palava (romanization)
पलवः (nominative singular)
पलवौ (dual nominative)
पलवाः (nominative plural)
पलव (singular vocative)
पलवौ (dual vocative)
पलवाः (plural vocative)
पलवम् (accusative singular)
पलवौ (accusative dual)
पलवान् (accusative plural)
पलवेन (instrumental singular)
पलवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पलवैः (instrumental plural)
पलवाय (dative singular)
पलवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पलवेभ्यः (dative plural)
पलवात् (ablative singular)
पलवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पलवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पलवस्य (genitive singular)
पलवयोः (dual genitive)
पलवानाम् (genitive plural)
पलवे (locative singular)
पलवयोः (dual locative)
पलवेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of पलव

Assamese: পল (polo)

/ˈpɐ.l̪ɐ.ʋɐ/

From Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“container”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πήληξ (pḗlēx, “helmet”) and Latin pelvis.


राघव

rāghava (romanization)
राघवः (nominative singular)
राघवौ (dual nominative)
राघवा1 (dual nominative)
राघवाः (nominative plural)
राघवासः1 (nominative plural)
राघव (singular vocative)
राघवौ (dual vocative)
राघवा1 (dual vocative)
राघवाः (plural vocative)
राघवासः1 (plural vocative)
राघवम् (accusative singular)
राघवौ (accusative dual)
राघवा1 (accusative dual)
राघवान् (accusative plural)
राघवेण (instrumental singular)
राघवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राघवैः (instrumental plural)
राघवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
राघवाय (dative singular)
राघवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
राघवेभ्यः (dative plural)
राघवात् (ablative singular)
राघवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राघवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
राघवस्य (genitive singular)
राघवयोः (dual genitive)
राघवाणाम् (genitive plural)
राघवे (locative singular)
राघवयोः (dual locative)
राघवेषु (locative plural)

→ English: Raghava

→ Tamil: இராகவன் (irākavaṉ)

⇒ Telugu: రాఘవుడు (rāghavuḍu)

/ɾɑː.ɡʱɐ.ʋɐ/

/ˈɾɑː.ɡʱɐ.ʋɐ/

Vṛddhi derivative of रघु (raghú, “Raghu”)

vrd

स च तान् राघवो ज्ञात्वा विश्वामित्रं महामुनिम्।
गच्छन्नेवाथ मधुरं श्लक्ष्णं वचनमब्रवीत्॥
sa ca tān rāghavo jñātvā viśvāmitraṃ mahāmunim.
gacchannevātha madhuraṃ ślakṣṇaṃ vacanamabravīt.

After having acquired the knowledge of the weapons Rāghava addressed maharṣi Viśvāmitra in gentle and soft words while walking along with him.

a member of the Raghuvaṃśa dynasty, descended from Raghu

a male given name, equivalent to English Raghava


परिस्तोम

paristoma (romanization)
परिस्तोमः (nominative singular)
परिस्तोमौ (dual nominative)
परिस्तोमाः (nominative plural)
परिस्तोम (singular vocative)
परिस्तोमौ (dual vocative)
परिस्तोमाः (plural vocative)
परिस्तोमम् (accusative singular)
परिस्तोमौ (accusative dual)
परिस्तोमान् (accusative plural)
परिस्तोमेन (instrumental singular)
परिस्तोमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परिस्तोमैः (instrumental plural)
परिस्तोमाय (dative singular)
परिस्तोमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
परिस्तोमेभ्यः (dative plural)
परिस्तोमात् (ablative singular)
परिस्तोमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
परिस्तोमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
परिस्तोमस्य (genitive singular)
परिस्तोमयोः (dual genitive)
परिस्तोमानाम् (genitive plural)
परिस्तोमे (locative singular)
परिस्तोमयोः (dual locative)
परिस्तोमेषु (locative plural)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek περίστρωμα (perístrōma), whence also Latin peristrōma.


तत्र

head

तत्र • (tátra)

desctree

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀢𑀢𑁆𑀣 (tattha)
Old Marathi: tetha
Devanagari script: तेथ
Modi script: 𑘝𑘹𑘞
Marathi: तिथे (tithe)

Marathi: तिथे (tithe)

Pali: tattha

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Ahirani: तठे (taṭhe)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *tátra, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tátra, from Proto-Indo-European *tó-trom. Equivalent to त (ta), the base of तद् (tad, “there”), + -त्र (-tra). Compare यत्र (yátra).

अहम् तत्र गच्छामि।

तत्र तत्र

यत्र तत्र

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

तत्र मास

therein, in that case, in those circumstances


हिङ्गु

hiṅgú (romanization)
हिङ्गुः (nominative singular)
हिङ्गू (dual nominative)
हिङ्गवः (nominative plural)
हिङ्गो (singular vocative)
हिङ्गू (dual vocative)
हिङ्गवः (plural vocative)
हिङ्गुम् (accusative singular)
हिङ्गू (accusative dual)
हिङ्गून् (accusative plural)
हिङ्गुना (instrumental singular)
हिङ्ग्वा1 (instrumental singular)
हिङ्गुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हिङ्गुभिः (instrumental plural)
हिङ्गवे (dative singular)
हिङ्गुभ्याम् (dative dual)
हिङ्गुभ्यः (dative plural)
हिङ्गोः (ablative singular)
हिङ्गुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हिङ्गुभ्यः (ablative plural)
हिङ्गोः (genitive singular)
हिङ्ग्वोः (dual genitive)
हिङ्गूनाम् (genitive plural)
हिङ्गौ (locative singular)
हिङ्ग्वोः (dual locative)
हिङ्गुषु (locative plural)

→ Balinese: ᬳᬶᬂᬕᬸ

Dardic:

Kashmiri: یَنٛگہٕ (yangụ)

→ Middle Chinese: 形虞 (MC heng ngju)

Mandarin: 形虞 (xíngyú)

→ Middle Chinese: 興蕖 (MC xing gjo)

Mandarin: 興蕖／兴蕖 (xīngqú)

Pali: hiṅgu

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀕𑀼 (hiṃgu)

Gujarati: હિંગ (hiṅg)

Hindi: हींग (hīṅg)

Nepali: हिङ (hiṅ)

Marathi: हिंग (hiṅga)

→ Burmese: ရှိန်းခို (hrin:hkui)

→ Jingpho: hkying hku

desc

→ Shan: သိင်းၶူဝ်ႇ (síng khò)

→ Shan: သိင်းၶူဝ်ႇ (síng khò)

Lepcha: ᰝᰬᰵ (heng)

Odia: ହଂଗ୍ (haṅg), ହିଙ୍ଗୁ (hiṅgu)

→ Kannada: ಇಂಗು (iṅgu)

→ Tamil: இங்கு (iṅku)

Borrowed from Proto-Iranian *Hángwr̥ (“extract, resin”), with an unexpected shift from *a to i, from the derivation *Hanguǰatu of which Iranian terms for asafoetida derive.

bor

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa

Ferula assa-foetida
Ferula assa-foetida#Translingual

a kind of liquid made from the roots of asafoetida


बुक

vegetable hummingbird
vegetable hummingbird

Sesbania grandiflora
Sesbania grandiflora#Translingual

(botany) vegetable hummingbird, hummingbird tree, (Sesbania grandiflora)


यवन

yavana (romanization)
यवनः (nominative singular)
यवनौ (dual nominative)
यवनाः (nominative plural)
यवन (singular vocative)
यवनौ (dual vocative)
यवनाः (plural vocative)
यवनम् (accusative singular)
यवनौ (accusative dual)
यवनान् (accusative plural)
यवनेन (instrumental singular)
यवनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यवनैः (instrumental plural)
यवनाय (dative singular)
यवनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यवनेभ्यः (dative plural)
यवनात् (ablative singular)
यवनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यवनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यवनस्य (genitive singular)
यवनयोः (dual genitive)
यवनानाम् (genitive plural)
यवने (locative singular)
यवनयोः (dual locative)
यवनेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of यवन

→ Bengali: যবন (jobon) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: यवन (yavan)

Urdu: یَوَن (yavan)

→ Middle Chinese: 耶槃那 (MC yae ban na)

→ Tamil: யவனர் (yavaṉar) (learned)

desctree

→ Thai: ยวน (yuuan)
→ Burmese: ယွန်း (ywan:)

/ˈjɐ.ʋɐ.n̪ɐ/

Borrowed from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀬𑁄𑀦 (yona), borrowed from Old Persian 𐎹𐎢𐎴 (y-u-n /yauna/), ultimately from Ancient Greek Ἴων (Íōn, “an Ionian”). See also म्लेच्छ (mleccha, “non-Aryan, barbarian”).

यवनेश्वर

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

यवनजातक

a foreigner, an outsider not part of the four-tiers of varna

विश्वामित्र अर्दितान् दृष्ट्वा पह्लवान् शतशः तदा ॥
भूय एव असृजत् घोरान् शकान् यवन मिश्रितान् ।
viśvāmitra arditān dṛṣṭvā pahlavān śataśaḥ tadā.
bhūya eva asṛjat ghorān śakān yavana miśritān.
2002 translation by Desiraju Hanumanta Rao

c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 1.54.20b, 21a

On seeing the subdual of hundreds of Pahlava-s by Vishvamitra, then the Sacred Cow again generated deadly Shaka-s hobnobbed with Yavana-s through her mooing 'hums'.


कवक

kavaka (romanization)
कवकम् (nominative singular)
कवके (dual nominative)
कवकानि (nominative plural)
कवक (singular vocative)
कवके (dual vocative)
कवकानि (plural vocative)
कवकम् (accusative singular)
कवके (accusative dual)
कवकानि (accusative plural)
कवकेन (instrumental singular)
कवकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कवकैः (instrumental plural)
कवकाय (dative singular)
कवकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कवकेभ्यः (dative plural)
कवकात् (ablative singular)
कवकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कवकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कवकस्य (genitive singular)
कवकयोः (dual genitive)
कवकानाम् (genitive plural)
कवके (locative singular)
कवकयोः (dual locative)
कवकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">कवक</i>

→ Hindi: कवक (kavak)

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti


यहु

Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬰𐬎 (yazu, “offspring”).


यहु

yáhu (romanization)
यहुः (nominative singular)
यहू (dual nominative)
यहवः (nominative plural)
यहो (singular vocative)
यहू (dual vocative)
यहवः (plural vocative)
यहुम् (accusative singular)
यहू (accusative dual)
यहून् (accusative plural)
यहुना (instrumental singular)
यह्वा1 (instrumental singular)
यहुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यहुभिः (instrumental plural)
यहवे (dative singular)
यह्वे1 (dative singular)
यहुभ्याम् (dative dual)
यहुभ्यः (dative plural)
यहोः (ablative singular)
यह्वः1 (ablative singular)
यहुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यहुभ्यः (ablative plural)
यहोः (genitive singular)
यह्वः1 (genitive singular)
यह्वोः (dual genitive)
यहूनाम् (genitive plural)
यहौ (locative singular)
यह्वोः (dual locative)
यहुषु (locative plural)

tigmā́ asya hánavo ná pratidhṛ́ṣe sujámbhaḥ sáhaso yahúḥ


भुजा

sa-noun form

भुजा • (bhujā)

sandhi form of nominative/vocative plural of भुज (bhuja, “arm”)


बर्बर

barbara (romanization)
बर्बरः (nominative singular)
बर्बरौ (dual nominative)
बर्बरा1 (dual nominative)
बर्बराः (nominative plural)
बर्बरासः1 (nominative plural)
बर्बर (singular vocative)
बर्बरौ (dual vocative)
बर्बरा1 (dual vocative)
बर्बराः (plural vocative)
बर्बरासः1 (plural vocative)
बर्बरम् (accusative singular)
बर्बरौ (accusative dual)
बर्बरा1 (accusative dual)
बर्बरान् (accusative plural)
बर्बरेण (instrumental singular)
बर्बराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बर्बरैः (instrumental plural)
बर्बरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बर्बराय (dative singular)
बर्बराभ्याम् (dative dual)
बर्बरेभ्यः (dative plural)
बर्बरात् (ablative singular)
बर्बराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बर्बरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बर्बरस्य (genitive singular)
बर्बरयोः (dual genitive)
बर्बराणाम् (genitive plural)
बर्बरे (locative singular)
बर्बरयोः (dual locative)
बर्बरेषु (locative plural)

/ˈbɐɾ.bɐ.ɾɐ/

Onomatopoeic, imitating the speech of non-Indo-Aryan language speakers. Compare Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros), Latin balbus, Czech blblati, Lithuanian balbė́ti, Russian болтать (boltatʹ). A late borrowing from Ancient Greek has also been suggested.


बर्बर

/ˈbɐɾ.bɐ.ɾɐ/


इदम्

head

इदम् • (idám)

idám (romanization)
अयम् (nominative singular)
इमौ (dual nominative)
इमे (nominative plural)
इमम् (accusative singular)
इमौ (accusative dual)
इमान् (accusative plural)
अनेन (instrumental singular)
एना (instrumental singular)
आभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
एभिः (instrumental plural)
अस्मै (dative singular)
आभ्याम् (dative dual)
एभ्यः (dative plural)
अस्मात् (ablative singular)
आभ्याम् (ablative dual)
एभ्यः (ablative plural)
अस्य (genitive singular)
इमस्य (genitive singular)
अनयोः (dual genitive)
अयोः (dual genitive)
एषाम् (genitive plural)
अस्मिन् (locative singular)
अनयोः (dual locative)
अयोः (dual locative)
एषु (locative plural)
इयम् (nominative singular)
इमे (dual nominative)
इमाः (nominative plural)
इमाम् (accusative singular)
इमे (accusative dual)
इमाः (accusative plural)
अनया (instrumental singular)
अया (instrumental singular)
आभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आभिः (instrumental plural)
अस्यै (dative singular)
आभ्याम् (dative dual)
आभ्यः (dative plural)
अस्याः (ablative singular)
आभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आभ्यः (ablative plural)
अस्याः (genitive singular)
अनयोः (dual genitive)
आसाम् (genitive plural)
अस्याम् (locative singular)
अनयोः (dual locative)
आसु (locative plural)
इदम् (nominative singular)
इमे (dual nominative)
इमानि (nominative plural)
इदम् (accusative singular)
इमे (accusative dual)
इमानि (accusative plural)
अनेन (instrumental singular)
एना (instrumental singular)
आभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
एभिः (instrumental plural)
अस्मै (dative singular)
आभ्याम् (dative dual)
एभ्यः (dative plural)
अस्मात् (ablative singular)
आभ्याम् (ablative dual)
एभ्यः (ablative plural)
अस्य (genitive singular)
इमस्य (genitive singular)
अनयोः (dual genitive)
अयोः (dual genitive)
एषाम् (genitive plural)
अस्मिन् (locative singular)
अनयोः (dual locative)
अयोः (dual locative)
एषु (locative plural)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *id-ám. From there, the non-nominative-accusative forms are from Proto-Indo-European *id (for example, masculine genitive singular अस्य (asya) < Proto-Indo-European *ésyo). Cognate with Latin id.
The nominative-accusative had undergone thematicization by the Vedic period, where इम्- (im-) and इद्- (id-) are based on the old accusatives in Proto-Indo-European *ím and *íd. Compare अदस् (adas), where other peculiar changes occured. The original neuter इद् (id) survived as an indeclinable particle only in Vedic.


इदम्

head

इदम् • (idám)

sa-adv

इदम् • (idám)

Pali: ima

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀬𑀁 (ayaṃ), 𑀇𑀅𑀁 (iaṃ)

c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 2.53.31


स्वल्प

svalpa (romanization)
स्वल्पः (nominative singular)
स्वल्पौ (dual nominative)
स्वल्पाः (nominative plural)
स्वल्प (singular vocative)
स्वल्पौ (dual vocative)
स्वल्पाः (plural vocative)
स्वल्पम् (accusative singular)
स्वल्पौ (accusative dual)
स्वल्पान् (accusative plural)
स्वल्पेन (instrumental singular)
स्वल्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वल्पैः (instrumental plural)
स्वल्पाय (dative singular)
स्वल्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वल्पेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वल्पात् (ablative singular)
स्वल्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वल्पेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वल्पस्य (genitive singular)
स्वल्पयोः (dual genitive)
स्वल्पानाम् (genitive plural)
स्वल्पे (locative singular)
स्वल्पयोः (dual locative)
स्वल्पेषु (locative plural)
स्वल्पा (nominative singular)
स्वल्पे (dual nominative)
स्वल्पाः (nominative plural)
स्वल्पे (singular vocative)
स्वल्पे (dual vocative)
स्वल्पाः (plural vocative)
स्वल्पाम् (accusative singular)
स्वल्पे (accusative dual)
स्वल्पाः (accusative plural)
स्वल्पया (instrumental singular)
स्वल्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वल्पाभिः (instrumental plural)
स्वल्पायै (dative singular)
स्वल्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वल्पाभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वल्पायाः (ablative singular)
स्वल्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वल्पाभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वल्पायाः (genitive singular)
स्वल्पयोः (dual genitive)
स्वल्पानाम् (genitive plural)
स्वल्पायाम् (locative singular)
स्वल्पयोः (dual locative)
स्वल्पासु (locative plural)
स्वल्पम् (nominative singular)
स्वल्पे (dual nominative)
स्वल्पानि (nominative plural)
स्वल्प (singular vocative)
स्वल्पे (dual vocative)
स्वल्पानि (plural vocative)
स्वल्पम् (accusative singular)
स्वल्पे (accusative dual)
स्वल्पानि (accusative plural)
स्वल्पेन (instrumental singular)
स्वल्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वल्पैः (instrumental plural)
स्वल्पाय (dative singular)
स्वल्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वल्पेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वल्पात् (ablative singular)
स्वल्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वल्पेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वल्पस्य (genitive singular)
स्वल्पयोः (dual genitive)
स्वल्पानाम् (genitive plural)
स्वल्पे (locative singular)
स्वल्पयोः (dual locative)
स्वल्पेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of स्वल्प

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of स्वल्प

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">स्वल्प</i>

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

स्वल्पाभ्याम्

→ Kannada: ಸ್ವಲ್ಪ (svalpa)

→ Telugu: స్వల్పము (svalpamu)

/ˈs̪ʋɐl̪.pɐ/

स्व्- (sv-, “combining form of सु- (su-, “good, eu-”)”) + अल्प (alpa, “small”).

affix

combining form of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">सु-</i> (su-, “good, eu-”)


चरु

carú (romanization)
चरुः (nominative singular)
चरू (dual nominative)
चरवः (nominative plural)
चरो (singular vocative)
चरू (dual vocative)
चरवः (plural vocative)
चरुम् (accusative singular)
चरू (accusative dual)
चरून् (accusative plural)
चरुणा (instrumental singular)
चर्वा1 (instrumental singular)
चरुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चरुभिः (instrumental plural)
चरवे (dative singular)
चर्वे1 (dative singular)
चरुभ्याम् (dative dual)
चरुभ्यः (dative plural)
चरोः (ablative singular)
चर्वः1 (ablative singular)
चरुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चरुभ्यः (ablative plural)
चरोः (genitive singular)
चर्वः1 (genitive singular)
चर्वोः (dual genitive)
चरूणाम् (genitive plural)
चरौ (locative singular)
चर्वोः (dual locative)
चरुषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀘𑀭𑀼 (caru)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: carū, caruā, caruī

desc

Hindi: चरू, चरुआ, चरुई

Hindi: चरू, चरुआ, चरुई

Urdu: چَرُو (carū), چَرُءَا, چَرُءِی (caru'ī)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: চৰু (soru), চৰিয়া (soria)

Bihari: चरुआ (caruā), चरुई (caruī)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Lahnda: چروی (carvī)

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: carū

Arabic script: چَرُو

Devanagari script: चरू

Southern:

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: चर्वी (ċarvī)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: ચરુ (caru), ચર્વી (carvī), ચરુડી (caruḍī)

→ Malayalam: ചരുവം (caruvaṁ)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćarúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čarúš, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷerús (“pot, cauldron”). Cognate with Old Irish coire (“kettle, cauldron”), Old English hwer, Middle Welsh peir, Russian ча́ра (čára), Old Norse hverr.


आकृति

ākṛtí (romanization)
आकृतिः (nominative singular)
आकृती (dual nominative)
आकृतयः (nominative plural)
आकृते (singular vocative)
आकृती (dual vocative)
आकृतयः (plural vocative)
आकृतिम् (accusative singular)
आकृती (accusative dual)
आकृतीः (accusative plural)
आकृत्या (instrumental singular)
आकृती1 (instrumental singular)
आकृतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आकृतिभिः (instrumental plural)
आकृतये (dative singular)
आकृत्यै2 (dative singular)
आकृती1 (dative singular)
आकृतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
आकृतिभ्यः (dative plural)
आकृतेः (ablative singular)
आकृत्याः2 (ablative singular)
आकृत्यै3 (ablative singular)
आकृतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आकृतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
आकृतेः (genitive singular)
आकृत्याः2 (genitive singular)
आकृत्यै3 (genitive singular)
आकृत्योः (dual genitive)
आकृतीनाम् (genitive plural)
आकृतौ (locative singular)
आकृत्याम्2 (locative singular)
आकृता1 (locative singular)
आकृत्योः (dual locative)
आकृतिषु (locative plural)

Compound of आ (ā́) + कृति (kṛtí, “making”)

com+

पञ्च॑पादं पि॒तरं॒ द्वाद॑श्आकृतिं दि॒व आ॑हु॒: परे॒ अर्धे॑ पुरी॒षिण॑म्।
अथे॒मे अ॒न्य उप॑रे विचक्ष॒णं स॒प्तच॑क्रे॒ षळ॑र आहु॒रर्पि॑तम्॥
páñcapādaṃ pitáraṃ dvā́daśākṛtiṃ divá āhu: páre árdhe purīṣíṇam.

They call him in the farther half of heaven the Sire five-footed, of twelve forms, wealthy in watery store.
These others say that he, God with far-seeing eyes, is mounted on the lower seven-wheeled, six-spoked car.

áthemé anyá úpare vicakṣaṇáṃ saptácakre ṣáḷara āhurárpitam.


वशंवद

submissive to the will of another, obedient, compliant, devoted or addicted to, actuated or transported or overcome with.


वश्

From Proto-Indo-European *weḱ- (“to wish”).

to desire, wish, long for, be fond of, like


रोमन्थ

romantha (romanization)
रोमन्थः (nominative singular)
रोमन्थौ (dual nominative)
रोमन्था1 (dual nominative)
रोमन्थाः (nominative plural)
रोमन्थासः1 (nominative plural)
रोमन्थ (singular vocative)
रोमन्थौ (dual vocative)
रोमन्था1 (dual vocative)
रोमन्थाः (plural vocative)
रोमन्थासः1 (plural vocative)
रोमन्थम् (accusative singular)
रोमन्थौ (accusative dual)
रोमन्था1 (accusative dual)
रोमन्थान् (accusative plural)
रोमन्थेन (instrumental singular)
रोमन्थाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रोमन्थैः (instrumental plural)
रोमन्थेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रोमन्थाय (dative singular)
रोमन्थाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रोमन्थेभ्यः (dative plural)
रोमन्थात् (ablative singular)
रोमन्थाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रोमन्थेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रोमन्थस्य (genitive singular)
रोमन्थयोः (dual genitive)
रोमन्थानाम् (genitive plural)
रोमन्थे (locative singular)
रोमन्थयोः (dual locative)
रोमन्थेषु (locative plural)

/ɾoːˈmɐn̪.t̪ʰɐ/

Ultimately probably from Proto-Indo-European *sréwmn̥-, from *srew-. Compare Latin rūmen.


शङ्कते

sa-verb

शङ्कते • (śáṅkate) third-singular indicative (class 1, type A, root शङ्क्)

śáṅkate (romanization)
शङ्क् (root)
शङ्कते (present)
शङ्कते (indicative singular third-person)
शङ्केते (dual indicative third-person)
शङ्कन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
शङ्कसे (indicative second-person singular)
शङ्केथे (dual indicative second-person)
शङ्कध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
शङ्के (first-person indicative singular)
शङ्कावहे (dual first-person indicative)
शङ्कामहे (first-person indicative plural)
शङ्कताम् (imperative singular third-person)
शङ्केताम् (dual imperative third-person)
शङ्कन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
शङ्कस्व (imperative second-person singular)
शङ्केथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
शङ्कध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
शङ्कै (first-person imperative singular)
शङ्कावहै (dual first-person imperative)
शङ्कामहै (first-person imperative plural)
शङ्केत (imperative singular third-person)
शङ्केयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
शङ्केरन् (imperative plural third-person)
शङ्केथाः (imperative second-person singular)
शङ्केयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
शङ्केध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
शङ्केय (first-person imperative singular)
शङ्केवहि (dual first-person imperative)
शङ्केमहि (first-person imperative plural)
शङ्काते (singular subjunctive third-person)
शङ्कातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
शङ्कैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
शङ्कन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
शङ्कान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
शङ्कासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
शङ्कासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
शङ्कैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
शङ्काध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
शङ्कै (first-person singular subjunctive)
शङ्कावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
शङ्कामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
शङ्कमान (participle)
अशङ्कत (imperfect)
अशङ्कत (indicative singular third-person)
अशङ्केताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अशङ्कन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अशङ्कथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अशङ्केथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अशङ्कध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अशङ्के (first-person indicative singular)
अशङ्कावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अशङ्कामहि (first-person indicative plural)

/ˈɕɐŋ.kɐ.t̪eː/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śánkatay, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćánkatay, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱenk- (“to waver, be in suspense”). Cognate with Latin cunctor (“to delay, stall, hold up”), Old English hangian (whence English hang).


सज्जा

sajjā (romanization)
सज्जा (nominative singular)
सज्जे (dual nominative)
सज्जाः (nominative plural)
सज्जे (singular vocative)
सज्जे (dual vocative)
सज्जाः (plural vocative)
सज्जाम् (accusative singular)
सज्जे (accusative dual)
सज्जाः (accusative plural)
सज्जया (instrumental singular)
सज्जा1 (instrumental singular)
सज्जाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सज्जाभिः (instrumental plural)
सज्जायै (dative singular)
सज्जाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सज्जाभ्यः (dative plural)
सज्जायाः (ablative singular)
सज्जायै2 (ablative singular)
सज्जाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सज्जाभ्यः (ablative plural)
सज्जायाः (genitive singular)
सज्जायै2 (genitive singular)
सज्जयोः (dual genitive)
सज्जानाम् (genitive plural)
सज्जायाम् (locative singular)
सज्जयोः (dual locative)
सज्जासु (locative plural)

[sɐd̚.d͡ʑɑː]

/ˈs̪ɐd̪.d͡ʑɑː/

[ˈs̪ɐd̪̚.d͡ʑɑː]

Derived from the root सज्ज् (sajj) + -आ (-ā).


वश्य

head

वश्य • (vaśya)

vaśya (romanization)
वश्यः (nominative singular)
वश्यौ (dual nominative)
वश्याः (nominative plural)
वश्य (singular vocative)
वश्यौ (dual vocative)
वश्याः (plural vocative)
वश्यम् (accusative singular)
वश्यौ (accusative dual)
वश्यान् (accusative plural)
वश्येन (instrumental singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वश्यैः (instrumental plural)
वश्याय (dative singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वश्यात् (ablative singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वश्यस्य (genitive singular)
वश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वश्ये (locative singular)
वश्ययोः (dual locative)
वश्येषु (locative plural)
वश्या (nominative singular)
वश्ये (dual nominative)
वश्याः (nominative plural)
वश्ये (singular vocative)
वश्ये (dual vocative)
वश्याः (plural vocative)
वश्याम् (accusative singular)
वश्ये (accusative dual)
वश्याः (accusative plural)
वश्यया (instrumental singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वश्याभिः (instrumental plural)
वश्यायै (dative singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वश्याभ्यः (dative plural)
वश्यायाः (ablative singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वश्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
वश्यायाः (genitive singular)
वश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वश्यायाम् (locative singular)
वश्ययोः (dual locative)
वश्यासु (locative plural)
वश्यम् (nominative singular)
वश्ये (dual nominative)
वश्यानि (nominative plural)
वश्य (singular vocative)
वश्ये (dual vocative)
वश्यानि (plural vocative)
वश्यम् (accusative singular)
वश्ये (accusative dual)
वश्यानि (accusative plural)
वश्येन (instrumental singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वश्यैः (instrumental plural)
वश्याय (dative singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वश्यात् (ablative singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वश्यस्य (genitive singular)
वश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वश्ये (locative singular)
वश्ययोः (dual locative)
वश्येषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of वश्य

Feminine ā-stem declension of वश्य

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">वश्य</i>

→ Tamil: வசியம் (vaciyam)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *waśyás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *waćyás, from Proto-Indo-European *weḱ-yós (“wished, wanted”), with semantic shift. The Sanskrit root is वश् (vaś, “to will, command; to desire”).

inh

being under control, obedient to another's will, dutiful, docile, tame, humble, at the disposal of


वश्य

vaśya (romanization)
वश्यः (nominative singular)
वश्यौ (dual nominative)
वश्या1 (dual nominative)
वश्याः (nominative plural)
वश्यासः1 (nominative plural)
वश्य (singular vocative)
वश्यौ (dual vocative)
वश्या1 (dual vocative)
वश्याः (plural vocative)
वश्यासः1 (plural vocative)
वश्यम् (accusative singular)
वश्यौ (accusative dual)
वश्या1 (accusative dual)
वश्यान् (accusative plural)
वश्येन (instrumental singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वश्यैः (instrumental plural)
वश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वश्याय (dative singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
वश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
वश्यात् (ablative singular)
वश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
वश्यस्य (genitive singular)
वश्ययोः (dual genitive)
वश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
वश्ये (locative singular)
वश्ययोः (dual locative)
वश्येषु (locative plural)


अमवत्

/ˈɐ.mɐ.ʋɐt̪/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hámawants, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hámawants. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬧𐬙 (amauuaṇt). Synchronically अम (ama, “impetuosity, violence”) + -वत् (-vat).

suffix

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


अमवत्

head

अमवत् • (ámavat)

sa-adv

अमवत् • (ámavat)

/ˈɐ.mɐ.ʋɐt̪/

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.58.1


विपरीत

viparīta (romanization)
विपरीतः (nominative singular)
विपरीतौ (dual nominative)
विपरीताः (nominative plural)
विपरीत (singular vocative)
विपरीतौ (dual vocative)
विपरीताः (plural vocative)
विपरीतम् (accusative singular)
विपरीतौ (accusative dual)
विपरीतान् (accusative plural)
विपरीतेन (instrumental singular)
विपरीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विपरीतैः (instrumental plural)
विपरीताय (dative singular)
विपरीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
विपरीतेभ्यः (dative plural)
विपरीतात् (ablative singular)
विपरीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विपरीतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विपरीतस्य (genitive singular)
विपरीतयोः (dual genitive)
विपरीतानाम् (genitive plural)
विपरीते (locative singular)
विपरीतयोः (dual locative)
विपरीतेषु (locative plural)
विपरीता (nominative singular)
विपरीते (dual nominative)
विपरीताः (nominative plural)
विपरीते (singular vocative)
विपरीते (dual vocative)
विपरीताः (plural vocative)
विपरीताम् (accusative singular)
विपरीते (accusative dual)
विपरीताः (accusative plural)
विपरीतया (instrumental singular)
विपरीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विपरीताभिः (instrumental plural)
विपरीतायै (dative singular)
विपरीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
विपरीताभ्यः (dative plural)
विपरीतायाः (ablative singular)
विपरीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विपरीताभ्यः (ablative plural)
विपरीतायाः (genitive singular)
विपरीतयोः (dual genitive)
विपरीतानाम् (genitive plural)
विपरीतायाम् (locative singular)
विपरीतयोः (dual locative)
विपरीतासु (locative plural)
विपरीतम् (nominative singular)
विपरीते (dual nominative)
विपरीतानि (nominative plural)
विपरीत (singular vocative)
विपरीते (dual vocative)
विपरीतानि (plural vocative)
विपरीतम् (accusative singular)
विपरीते (accusative dual)
विपरीतानि (accusative plural)
विपरीतेन (instrumental singular)
विपरीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विपरीतैः (instrumental plural)
विपरीताय (dative singular)
विपरीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
विपरीतेभ्यः (dative plural)
विपरीतात् (ablative singular)
विपरीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विपरीतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विपरीतस्य (genitive singular)
विपरीतयोः (dual genitive)
विपरीतानाम् (genitive plural)
विपरीते (locative singular)
विपरीतयोः (dual locative)
विपरीतेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of विपरीत

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of विपरीत

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">विपरीत</i>

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

विपरीताभ्याम्

→ Hindi: विपरीत (viprīt)

⇒ Tocharian B: ubhayavipariti

→ Telugu: విపరీతము (viparītamu)

→ Malayalam: വിപരീതം (viparītaṁ)

→ Marathi: विपरीत (viprīt)

→ Tamil: விபரீதம் (viparītam)

being the reverse of anything, acting in a contrary manner, opposite, contrary to

going asunder or in different directions, various, different


वश

váśa (romanization)
वशः (nominative singular)
वशौ (dual nominative)
वशा1 (dual nominative)
वशाः (nominative plural)
वशासः1 (nominative plural)
वश (singular vocative)
वशौ (dual vocative)
वशा1 (dual vocative)
वशाः (plural vocative)
वशासः1 (plural vocative)
वशम् (accusative singular)
वशौ (accusative dual)
वशा1 (accusative dual)
वशान् (accusative plural)
वशेन (instrumental singular)
वशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वशैः (instrumental plural)
वशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वशाय (dative singular)
वशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वशेभ्यः (dative plural)
वशात् (ablative singular)
वशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वशस्य (genitive singular)
वशयोः (dual genitive)
वशानाम् (genitive plural)
वशे (locative singular)
वशयोः (dual locative)
वशेषु (locative plural)
वशा (nominative singular)
वशे (dual nominative)
वशाः (nominative plural)
वशे (singular vocative)
वशे (dual vocative)
वशाः (plural vocative)
वशाम् (accusative singular)
वशे (accusative dual)
वशाः (accusative plural)
वशया (instrumental singular)
वशा1 (instrumental singular)
वशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वशाभिः (instrumental plural)
वशायै (dative singular)
वशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वशाभ्यः (dative plural)
वशायाः (ablative singular)
वशायै2 (ablative singular)
वशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वशाभ्यः (ablative plural)
वशायाः (genitive singular)
वशायै2 (genitive singular)
वशयोः (dual genitive)
वशानाम् (genitive plural)
वशायाम् (locative singular)
वशयोः (dual locative)
वशासु (locative plural)
वशम् (nominative singular)
वशे (dual nominative)
वशानि (nominative plural)
वशा1 (nominative plural)
वश (singular vocative)
वशे (dual vocative)
वशानि (plural vocative)
वशा1 (plural vocative)
वशम् (accusative singular)
वशे (accusative dual)
वशानि (accusative plural)
वशा1 (accusative plural)
वशेन (instrumental singular)
वशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वशैः (instrumental plural)
वशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वशाय (dative singular)
वशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वशेभ्यः (dative plural)
वशात् (ablative singular)
वशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वशस्य (genitive singular)
वशयोः (dual genitive)
वशानाम् (genitive plural)
वशे (locative singular)
वशयोः (dual locative)
वशेषु (locative plural)

Nominalized in either the active or the impersonal/passive sense from the root वश् (vaś, “to will; to command; to desire”), from Proto-Indo-European *weḱ-.

शोकवशः

स्ववश ― svavaśa ― independent; autonomous

परवश

under the influence of; subject to (often in compounds)


वश

váśa (romanization)
वशः (nominative singular)
वशौ (dual nominative)
वशा1 (dual nominative)
वशाः (nominative plural)
वशासः1 (nominative plural)
वश (singular vocative)
वशौ (dual vocative)
वशा1 (dual vocative)
वशाः (plural vocative)
वशासः1 (plural vocative)
वशम् (accusative singular)
वशौ (accusative dual)
वशा1 (accusative dual)
वशान् (accusative plural)
वशेन (instrumental singular)
वशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वशैः (instrumental plural)
वशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वशाय (dative singular)
वशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वशेभ्यः (dative plural)
वशात् (ablative singular)
वशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वशस्य (genitive singular)
वशयोः (dual genitive)
वशानाम् (genitive plural)
वशे (locative singular)
वशयोः (dual locative)
वशेषु (locative plural)
वशम् (nominative singular)
वशे (dual nominative)
वशानि (nominative plural)
वशा1 (nominative plural)
वश (singular vocative)
वशे (dual vocative)
वशानि (plural vocative)
वशा1 (plural vocative)
वशम् (accusative singular)
वशे (accusative dual)
वशानि (accusative plural)
वशा1 (accusative plural)
वशेन (instrumental singular)
वशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वशैः (instrumental plural)
वशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वशाय (dative singular)
वशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वशेभ्यः (dative plural)
वशात् (ablative singular)
वशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वशस्य (genitive singular)
वशयोः (dual genitive)
वशानाम् (genitive plural)
वशे (locative singular)
वशयोः (dual locative)
वशेषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨬𐨭 (vaśa)

Pali: vasa

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀲 (vasa)

desc

Hindi: बस (bas, “power; control; ability”)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: waśa
Javanese: ꦮꦱ (wasa)
→ Balinese: ᬯᬰ (wasa, “power, authority”)

⇒ Telugu: వశము (vaśamu)

वशे कृ

"to render someone under control"; to subdue; to win over; to bewitch

authority; power; control; dominion; influence


ह्रादुनि

hrādúni (romanization)
ह्रादुनिः (nominative singular)
ह्रादुनी (dual nominative)
ह्रादुनयः (nominative plural)
ह्रादुने (singular vocative)
ह्रादुनी (dual vocative)
ह्रादुनयः (plural vocative)
ह्रादुनिम् (accusative singular)
ह्रादुनी (accusative dual)
ह्रादुनीः (accusative plural)
ह्रादुन्या (instrumental singular)
ह्रादुनी1 (instrumental singular)
ह्रादुनिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ह्रादुनिभिः (instrumental plural)
ह्रादुनये (dative singular)
ह्रादुन्यै2 (dative singular)
ह्रादुनी1 (dative singular)
ह्रादुनिभ्याम् (dative dual)
ह्रादुनिभ्यः (dative plural)
ह्रादुनेः (ablative singular)
ह्रादुन्याः2 (ablative singular)
ह्रादुन्यै3 (ablative singular)
ह्रादुनिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ह्रादुनिभ्यः (ablative plural)
ह्रादुनेः (genitive singular)
ह्रादुन्याः2 (genitive singular)
ह्रादुन्यै3 (genitive singular)
ह्रादुन्योः (dual genitive)
ह्रादुनीनाम् (genitive plural)
ह्रादुनौ (locative singular)
ह्रादुन्याम्2 (locative singular)
ह्रादुना1 (locative singular)
ह्रादुन्योः (dual locative)
ह्रादुनिषु (locative plural)

/ɦɾɑːˈd̪u.n̪i/

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰreh₃d- (“hail”), perhaps ultimately from *ǵʰreh₁d- (“to sound, make a noise”) (whence also ह्रादते (hrādate)). Cognate with Latin grando (“hail”), Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut, “hail”), Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ, “hail”).

cog

नास्मै॑ वि॒द्युन्न त॑न्य॒तुः सि॑षेध॒ न यां मिह॒मकि॑रद्ध्रा॒दुनिं॑ च ।
इन्द्र॑श्च॒ यद्यु॑यु॒धाते॒ अहि॑श्चो॒ताप॒रीभ्यो॑ म॒घवा॒ वि जि॑ग्ये ॥
nā́smai vidyúnná tanyatúḥ siṣedha ná yā́ṃ míhamákiraddhrādúniṃ ca.
índraśca yádyuyudhā́te áhiścotā́parī́bhyo maghávā ví jigye.
Nothing availed him lightning, nothing thunder, hail or mist which had spread around him:

When Indra and Vṛtra strove in battle, Maghavan gained the victory for ever.

विधृ॑तिं॒ नाभ्या॑ धृ॒तँ रसे॑ना॒पो यू॒ष्णा मरी॑चीर्वि॒प्रुड्भि॑र्नीहा॒रमू॒ष्मणा॑ शी॒नं वस॑या॒ प्रुष्वा॒ अश्रु॑भिर्ह्रा॒दुनी॑र्दू॒षीका॑भिर॒स्ना रक्षाँ॑सि चि॒त्राण्यङ्गै॒र्नक्षत्राणि रू॒पेण॑ पृथि॒वीं त्व॒चा जु॑म्ब॒काय॒ स्वाहा॑ ॥
vídhṛtiṃ nā́bhyā dhṛtám̐ rásenāpó yūṣṇā́ márīcīrviprúḍbhirnīhārámūṣmáṇā śīnáṃ vásayā prúṣvā áśrubhirhrādúnīrdūṣī́kābhirasnā́ rákṣām̐si citrā́ṇyáṅgairnákṣátrā́ṇí rūpéṇa pṛthivī́ṃ tvacā́ jumbakā́ya svā́hā.
I gratify Separation with his navel;
Butter with his flavour;
the Waters with his broth;
Sunbeams with his drops of fat;
Hoarfrost with his heat;
Ice with his marrow;
Hailstones with his tears;
Thunderbolts with the rheum of his eyes;

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 25.9

Bright things with his limbs;
Stars with his beauty;
Earth with his skin.
All-hail to Jumbaka!


भेद

bhedá (romanization)
भेदः (nominative singular)
भेदौ (dual nominative)
भेदा1 (dual nominative)
भेदाः (nominative plural)
भेदासः1 (nominative plural)
भेद (singular vocative)
भेदौ (dual vocative)
भेदा1 (dual vocative)
भेदाः (plural vocative)
भेदासः1 (plural vocative)
भेदम् (accusative singular)
भेदौ (accusative dual)
भेदा1 (accusative dual)
भेदान् (accusative plural)
भेदेन (instrumental singular)
भेदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भेदैः (instrumental plural)
भेदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भेदाय (dative singular)
भेदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भेदेभ्यः (dative plural)
भेदात् (ablative singular)
भेदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भेदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भेदस्य (genitive singular)
भेदयोः (dual genitive)
भेदानाम् (genitive plural)
भेदे (locative singular)
भेदयोः (dual locative)
भेदेषु (locative plural)

Hindi: भेद (bhed)

Bengali: ভেদ (bhed)

→ Malay: beda, beza

Indonesian: beda

Marathi: भेद (bhed)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: bheda
Javanese: ꦧꦺꦢ (béda)
→ Balinese: ᬪᬾᬤ → ᬩᬾᬤ (beda)

Pali: bheda
→ Khmer: ភេទ (pheit)
→ Thai: เภท (pêet, “division, break, difference”)

→ Tamil: பேதம் (pētam)


दृश्य

head

दृश्य • (dṛ́śya)

From the root दृश् (dṛś, “to see”) + -य (-ya).

future passive participle of दृश् (dṛś); to be looked at, seen, witnessed


दृश्य

sa-adj

दृश्य • (dṛ́śya) stem

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


दृश्य

dṛ́śya (romanization)
दृश्यः (nominative singular)
दृश्यौ (dual nominative)
दृश्याः (nominative plural)
दृश्य (singular vocative)
दृश्यौ (dual vocative)
दृश्याः (plural vocative)
दृश्यम् (accusative singular)
दृश्यौ (accusative dual)
दृश्यान् (accusative plural)
दृश्येन (instrumental singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दृश्यैः (instrumental plural)
दृश्याय (dative singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
दृश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
दृश्यात् (ablative singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दृश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
दृश्यस्य (genitive singular)
दृश्ययोः (dual genitive)
दृश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
दृश्ये (locative singular)
दृश्ययोः (dual locative)
दृश्येषु (locative plural)
दृश्यम् (nominative singular)
दृश्ये (dual nominative)
दृश्यानि (nominative plural)
दृश्य (singular vocative)
दृश्ये (dual vocative)
दृश्यानि (plural vocative)
दृश्यम् (accusative singular)
दृश्ये (accusative dual)
दृश्यानि (accusative plural)
दृश्येन (instrumental singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दृश्यैः (instrumental plural)
दृश्याय (dative singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
दृश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
दृश्यात् (ablative singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दृश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
दृश्यस्य (genitive singular)
दृश्ययोः (dual genitive)
दृश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
दृश्ये (locative singular)
दृश्ययोः (dual locative)
दृश्येषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of दृश्य

दृश्याभ्याम्

दृश्याभ्याम्

दृश्याभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

दृश्याभ्याम्

दृश्याभ्याम्

दृश्याभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">दृश्य</i>

दृश्याभ्याम्

दृश्याभ्याम्

दृश्याभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

दृश्याभ्याम्

दृश्याभ्याम्

दृश्याभ्याम्


दृश्य

head

दृश्य • (dṛśya)

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


अज

aja (romanization)
अजः (nominative singular)
अजौ (dual nominative)
अजा1 (dual nominative)
अजाः (nominative plural)
अजासः1 (nominative plural)
अज (singular vocative)
अजौ (dual vocative)
अजा1 (dual vocative)
अजाः (plural vocative)
अजासः1 (plural vocative)
अजम् (accusative singular)
अजौ (accusative dual)
अजा1 (accusative dual)
अजान् (accusative plural)
अजेन (instrumental singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अजैः (instrumental plural)
अजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अजाय (dative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अजेभ्यः (dative plural)
अजात् (ablative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अजस्य (genitive singular)
अजयोः (dual genitive)
अजानाम् (genitive plural)
अजे (locative singular)
अजयोः (dual locative)
अजेषु (locative plural)


अज

ajá (romanization)
अजः (nominative singular)
अजौ (dual nominative)
अजा1 (dual nominative)
अजाः (nominative plural)
अजासः1 (nominative plural)
अज (singular vocative)
अजौ (dual vocative)
अजा1 (dual vocative)
अजाः (plural vocative)
अजासः1 (plural vocative)
अजम् (accusative singular)
अजौ (accusative dual)
अजा1 (accusative dual)
अजान् (accusative plural)
अजेन (instrumental singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अजैः (instrumental plural)
अजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अजाय (dative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अजेभ्यः (dative plural)
अजात् (ablative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अजस्य (genitive singular)
अजयोः (dual genitive)
अजानाम् (genitive plural)
अजे (locative singular)
अजयोः (dual locative)
अजेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Haȷ́ás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haȷ́ás, possibly from the same origin as Etymology 1. Cognate with Persian نهاز (noh-âz), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬀 (aza), Lithuanian ožỹs.


अज

ajá (romanization)
अजः (nominative singular)
अजौ (dual nominative)
अजाः (nominative plural)
अज (singular vocative)
अजौ (dual vocative)
अजाः (plural vocative)
अजम् (accusative singular)
अजौ (accusative dual)
अजान् (accusative plural)
अजेन (instrumental singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अजैः (instrumental plural)
अजाय (dative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अजेभ्यः (dative plural)
अजात् (ablative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अजस्य (genitive singular)
अजयोः (dual genitive)
अजानाम् (genitive plural)
अजे (locative singular)
अजयोः (dual locative)
अजेषु (locative plural)
अजा (nominative singular)
अजे (dual nominative)
अजाः (nominative plural)
अजे (singular vocative)
अजे (dual vocative)
अजाः (plural vocative)
अजाम् (accusative singular)
अजे (accusative dual)
अजाः (accusative plural)
अजया (instrumental singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अजाभिः (instrumental plural)
अजायै (dative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अजाभ्यः (dative plural)
अजायाः (ablative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अजाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अजायाः (genitive singular)
अजयोः (dual genitive)
अजानाम् (genitive plural)
अजायाम् (locative singular)
अजयोः (dual locative)
अजासु (locative plural)
अजम् (nominative singular)
अजे (dual nominative)
अजानि (nominative plural)
अज (singular vocative)
अजे (dual vocative)
अजानि (plural vocative)
अजम् (accusative singular)
अजे (accusative dual)
अजानि (accusative plural)
अजेन (instrumental singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अजैः (instrumental plural)
अजाय (dative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अजेभ्यः (dative plural)
अजात् (ablative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अजस्य (genitive singular)
अजयोः (dual genitive)
अजानाम् (genitive plural)
अजे (locative singular)
अजयोः (dual locative)
अजेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अज

Feminine ā-stem declension of अज

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">अज</i>


गलति

sa-verb

गलति • (gálati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root गल्)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: ගලනවා (galanawā)

Magadhi Prakrit:

desc

Bengali: গিলা (gila), গেলা (gela), গলা (gola)

Assamese: গলা (gola), গেলা (gela)

Odia: ଗଳିବା (gaḷibā)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀮𑀇 (galaï)

Konkani: गळ्चे (gaḷce)

Old Marathi: 𑘐𑘯𑘜𑘹 (gaḷaṇe)

Marathi: गळणे (gaḷṇe)

Pali: galati

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀮𑀤𑀺 (galadi)

Gujarati: ગળવું (gaḷvũ)

Hindi: गलना (galnā)

Sindhi: ڳَرَڻُ / ॻरणु (g̈araṇu)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gálati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gálati, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷél-e-ti, from *gʷel- (“to drip, dribble, ooze, flow”). Cognate with Albanian gëloj, Old High German quellan (“to well up, to pour out”), Old English cwylla (“spring, source”) (whence English quell).


जनितृ

janitṛ́ (romanization)
जनिता (nominative singular)
जनितारौ (dual nominative)
जनितारा1 (dual nominative)
जनितारः (nominative plural)
जनितः (singular vocative)
जनितारौ (dual vocative)
जनितारा1 (dual vocative)
जनितारः (plural vocative)
जनितारम् (accusative singular)
जनितारौ (accusative dual)
जनितारा1 (accusative dual)
जनितॄन् (accusative plural)
जनित्रा (instrumental singular)
जनितृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जनितृभिः (instrumental plural)
जनित्रे (dative singular)
जनितृभ्याम् (dative dual)
जनितृभ्यः (dative plural)
जनितुः (ablative singular)
जनितृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जनितृभ्यः (ablative plural)
जनितुः (genitive singular)
जनित्रोः (dual genitive)
जनितॄणाम् (genitive plural)
जनितरि (locative singular)
जनित्रोः (dual locative)
जनितृषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tōr (“parent, begetter, father”). Cognate with Ancient Greek γενέτωρ (genétōr), Latin genitor.

inh

प्र हिन्वानो जनिता रोदस्यो रथो न वाजं सनिष्यन्नयासीत् ।

Urged on, the Father of the Earth and Heaven hath gone forth like a car to gather treasure

pra hinvāno janitā rodasyo ratho na vājaṃ saniṣyannayāsīt.


ह्वयति

sa-verb

ह्वयति • (hváyati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type U, present, root ह्वे)

hváyati (romanization)
ह्वे (root)
ह्वयति (present)
ह्वयते (present)
ह्वयति (active indicative singular third-person)
ह्वयतः (active dual indicative third-person)
ह्वयन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
ह्वयते (indicative singular third-person)
ह्वयेते (dual indicative third-person)
ह्वयन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
ह्वयसि (active indicative second-person singular)
ह्वयथः (active dual indicative second-person)
ह्वयथ (active indicative plural second-person)
ह्वयसे (indicative second-person singular)
ह्वयेथे (dual indicative second-person)
ह्वयध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
ह्वयामि (active first-person indicative singular)
ह्वयावः (active dual first-person indicative)
ह्वयामः (active first-person indicative plural)
ह्वयामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
ह्वये (first-person indicative singular)
ह्वयावहे (dual first-person indicative)
ह्वयामहे (first-person indicative plural)
ह्वयतु (active imperative singular third-person)
ह्वयताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
ह्वयन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
ह्वयताम् (imperative singular third-person)
ह्वयेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
ह्वयन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
ह्वय (active imperative second-person singular)
ह्वयतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
ह्वयत (active imperative plural second-person)
ह्वयस्व (imperative second-person singular)
ह्वयेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
ह्वयध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
ह्वयानि (active first-person imperative singular)
ह्वयाव (active dual first-person imperative)
ह्वयाम (active first-person imperative plural)
ह्वयै (first-person imperative singular)
ह्वयावहै (dual first-person imperative)
ह्वयामहै (first-person imperative plural)
ह्वयेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
ह्वयेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
ह्वयेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
ह्वयेत (imperative singular third-person)
ह्वयेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
ह्वयेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
ह्वयेः (active imperative second-person singular)
ह्वयेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
ह्वयेत (active imperative plural second-person)
ह्वयेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
ह्वयेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
ह्वयेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
ह्वयेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
ह्वयेव (active dual first-person imperative)
ह्वयेम (active first-person imperative plural)
ह्वयेय (first-person imperative singular)
ह्वयेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
ह्वयेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
ह्वयात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ह्वयाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ह्वयातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
ह्वयान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ह्वयाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
ह्वयातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
ह्वयैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
ह्वयन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
ह्वयान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
ह्वयाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ह्वयासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ह्वयाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ह्वयाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ह्वयासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
ह्वयासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
ह्वयैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
ह्वयाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
ह्वयानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ह्वयाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ह्वयाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ह्वयै (first-person singular subjunctive)
ह्वयावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
ह्वयामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
ह्वयत् (active participle)
ह्वयमान (participle)
अह्वयत् (imperfect)
अह्वयत (imperfect)
अह्वयत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अह्वयताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अह्वयन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अह्वयत (indicative singular third-person)
अह्वयेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अह्वयन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अह्वयः (active indicative second-person singular)
अह्वयतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अह्वयत (active indicative plural second-person)
अह्वयथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अह्वयेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अह्वयध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अह्वयम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अह्वयाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अह्वयाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अह्वये (first-person indicative singular)
अह्वयावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अह्वयामहि (first-person indicative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰwáyati (“to call”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewH- (“to call””). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬠𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (zbaiieⁱti), Old Church Slavonic зъвати (zŭvati). Compare हवते (havate).

inh

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


हुत

hutá (romanization)
हुतः (nominative singular)
हुतौ (dual nominative)
हुता1 (dual nominative)
हुताः (nominative plural)
हुतासः1 (nominative plural)
हुत (singular vocative)
हुतौ (dual vocative)
हुता1 (dual vocative)
हुताः (plural vocative)
हुतासः1 (plural vocative)
हुतम् (accusative singular)
हुतौ (accusative dual)
हुता1 (accusative dual)
हुतान् (accusative plural)
हुतेन (instrumental singular)
हुताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हुतैः (instrumental plural)
हुतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हुताय (dative singular)
हुताभ्याम् (dative dual)
हुतेभ्यः (dative plural)
हुतात् (ablative singular)
हुताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हुतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हुतस्य (genitive singular)
हुतयोः (dual genitive)
हुतानाम् (genitive plural)
हुते (locative singular)
हुतयोः (dual locative)
हुतेषु (locative plural)
हुता (nominative singular)
हुते (dual nominative)
हुताः (nominative plural)
हुते (singular vocative)
हुते (dual vocative)
हुताः (plural vocative)
हुताम् (accusative singular)
हुते (accusative dual)
हुताः (accusative plural)
हुतया (instrumental singular)
हुता1 (instrumental singular)
हुताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हुताभिः (instrumental plural)
हुतायै (dative singular)
हुताभ्याम् (dative dual)
हुताभ्यः (dative plural)
हुतायाः (ablative singular)
हुतायै2 (ablative singular)
हुताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हुताभ्यः (ablative plural)
हुतायाः (genitive singular)
हुतायै2 (genitive singular)
हुतयोः (dual genitive)
हुतानाम् (genitive plural)
हुतायाम् (locative singular)
हुतयोः (dual locative)
हुतासु (locative plural)
हुतम् (nominative singular)
हुते (dual nominative)
हुतानि (nominative plural)
हुता1 (nominative plural)
हुत (singular vocative)
हुते (dual vocative)
हुतानि (plural vocative)
हुता1 (plural vocative)
हुतम् (accusative singular)
हुते (accusative dual)
हुतानि (accusative plural)
हुता1 (accusative plural)
हुतेन (instrumental singular)
हुताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हुतैः (instrumental plural)
हुतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हुताय (dative singular)
हुताभ्याम् (dative dual)
हुतेभ्यः (dative plural)
हुतात् (ablative singular)
हुताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हुतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हुतस्य (genitive singular)
हुतयोः (dual genitive)
हुतानाम् (genitive plural)
हुते (locative singular)
हुतयोः (dual locative)
हुतेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰutós (“poured”). Cognate with Ancient Greek χυτός (khutós, “poured”), Old English god (“deity”) (whence English god).

अथ हुतेऽग्निहोत्र उपतिष्ठते । भूर्भुवः स्वरिति तत्सत्येनैवैतद्वाचं समर्धयति यदाह भूर्भुवः स्वरिति तया समृद्धयाशिषमाशास्ते सुपोषः पोषैरिति तत्पुष्टिमाशास्ते

Now he approaches the fires where the Agnihotra has been libated and utters: "Earth! ether! sky!" In saying "Earth! ether! sky!", he renders his speech auspicious by means of the truth, and with that (speech) thus rendered propitious he invokes a blessing:--"May I be well supplied with offspring!" whereby he prays for offspring; "--well supplied with men!" whereby he prays for men (heroes); "--well supplied with viands!' whereby he prays for prosperity.

atha huteʼgnihotra upatiṣṭhate. bhūrbhuvaḥ svariti tatsatyenaivaitadvācaṃ samardhayati yadāha bhūrbhuvaḥ svariti tayā samṛddhayāśiṣamāśāste supoṣaḥ poṣairiti tatpuṣṭimāśāste


हुत

hutá (romanization)
हुतम् (nominative singular)
हुते (dual nominative)
हुतानि (nominative plural)
हुता1 (nominative plural)
हुत (singular vocative)
हुते (dual vocative)
हुतानि (plural vocative)
हुता1 (plural vocative)
हुतम् (accusative singular)
हुते (accusative dual)
हुतानि (accusative plural)
हुता1 (accusative plural)
हुतेन (instrumental singular)
हुताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हुतैः (instrumental plural)
हुतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हुताय (dative singular)
हुताभ्याम् (dative dual)
हुतेभ्यः (dative plural)
हुतात् (ablative singular)
हुताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हुतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हुतस्य (genitive singular)
हुतयोः (dual genitive)
हुतानाम् (genitive plural)
हुते (locative singular)
हुतयोः (dual locative)
हुतेषु (locative plural)

oblation, offering (that which is poured)


मातुःष्वसृ

sa-noun

मातुःष्वसृ • (mātuḥṣvasṛ) stem, f

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀺 (māusi)

Assamese: মাহী (mahi)

Bengali: মাসি (maśi), মৈ (mōi)

Odia: ମାଉସୀ (māusi)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀲𑀺 (māusi)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: माउशी (mauśī)

Kannada script: ಮಾಉಶೀ (mauśī)

Latin script: mauxi

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: माउसी (māusī)

Modi script: 𑘦𑘰𑘄𑘭𑘲 (māusī)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: માસી (māsī)

Hindi: मौसी (mausī)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮਾਸੀ (māsī)

Shahmukhi script: ماسی (māsī)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: مَاسِي

Devanagari script: मासी

Urdu: ماسی (māsī)

From मातुः (mā́tuḥ, “mother's”, genitive of मातृ (mā́tṛ)) + स्वसृ (svásṛ, “sister”).

compound

genitive of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">मातृ</i> (mā́tṛ)


यूष

yūṣa (romanization)
यूषः (nominative singular)
यूषौ (dual nominative)
यूषा1 (dual nominative)
यूषाः (nominative plural)
यूषासः1 (nominative plural)
यूष (singular vocative)
यूषौ (dual vocative)
यूषा1 (dual vocative)
यूषाः (plural vocative)
यूषासः1 (plural vocative)
यूषम् (accusative singular)
यूषौ (accusative dual)
यूषा1 (accusative dual)
यूषान् (accusative plural)
यूषेण (instrumental singular)
यूषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यूषैः (instrumental plural)
यूषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
यूषाय (dative singular)
यूषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यूषेभ्यः (dative plural)
यूषात् (ablative singular)
यूषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यूषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यूषस्य (genitive singular)
यूषयोः (dual genitive)
यूषाणाम् (genitive plural)
यूषे (locative singular)
यूषयोः (dual locative)
यूषेषु (locative plural)

Pali: yūsa

Prakrit: 𑀚𑀽𑀲 (jūsa)

Hindi: जूस (jūs)

desc

Sinhalese: (මුං-)යුස ((muṁ-)yusa, “water in which green peas have been boiled; pea-soup”)

From Proto-Indo-European *yuHs-ó-s (“soup, broth”). Cognate with Latin iūs (“gravy, broth, sauce”) (whence English juice), Lithuanian jū́šė (“fish soup”), Russian уха (uxa, “fish soup”), Proto-Germanic *justaz (“cheese”).

inh

pea soup, the water in which different pulses have been boiled


तु

According to Mayrhofer, somehow related to Proto-Germanic *þau (“in that case”), from Proto-Indo-European *to- (“that”) + *-we (“or”) by early contraction.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 4.18.6

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 2.22

8. ප්රමාදමප්රමාදෙන යදා නුදති පණ්ඩිතඃ
ප්රඥාප්රසාදමාරුහ්ය ත්වශොකඃ ශොකිනීං ප්රජාම්
පර්වතස්ථ ඉව භූමිෂ්ඨාන් ධීරො බාලානවෙක්ෂතෙ

(Can we date this quote?), The Buddha, Dhammapada(pāḷi) (subsequently translated from Pali to Sanskrit), Appamādavaɡɡa, page 32; republished in The Eighteenth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Khuddaka-Nikāya, Colombo, 2009:

8. When the astute dispel negligence by means of diligence,
having ascended the palace of wisdom, the sorrow-free then behold this generation of sorrow,
as a wise man on a mountain-top beholds the fools below.

8 Pramādamapramādena yadā nudati paṇḍitaḥ
Prajñāprasādamāruhya tvaśokaḥ śokinīṃ prajām
Parvatastha iva bhūmiṣṭhān dhīro bālānavekṣate