फल

phála (romanization)
फलम् (nominative singular)
फले (dual nominative)
फलानि (nominative plural)
फला1 (nominative plural)
फल (singular vocative)
फले (dual vocative)
फलानि (plural vocative)
फला1 (plural vocative)
फलम् (accusative singular)
फले (accusative dual)
फलानि (accusative plural)
फला1 (accusative plural)
फलेन (instrumental singular)
फलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
फलैः (instrumental plural)
फलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
फलाय (dative singular)
फलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
फलेभ्यः (dative plural)
फलात् (ablative singular)
फलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
फलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
फलस्य (genitive singular)
फलयोः (dual genitive)
फलानाम् (genitive plural)
फले (locative singular)
फलयोः (dual locative)
फलेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀨𑀮 (phala) (see there for further descendants)

→ Khmer: ផល (pʰɑl), ផល្លា (pʰalla)

→ Malay: pahala (ڤهالا), pala

Indonesian: pahala, pala

→ Tagalog: pala

→ Malayalam: ഫലം (phalaṁ)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: phala
> Javanese: ꦥꦭ (pala, “fruit; nutmeg”), ꦥꦲꦭ (pahala, “merit”) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬨᬮ (pala, “fruit; result”)

→ Tamil: பலன் (palaṉ), பயன் (payaṉ)

→ Telugu: ఫలము (phalamu)

→ Thai: ผล (pǒn)

Etymology tree
Proto-Dravidian *paẓambor.
Sanskrit फल (phala)
Uncertain. The original meaning was "fruit". It is commonly considered a borrowing from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam (“ripe fruit”), from *paẓV- (“to ripen, become mature”) (compare Tamil பழம் (paḻam), Malayalam പഴം (paḻaṁ), Telugu పండు (paṇḍu) and Kannada ಹಣ್ಣು (haṇṇu)). However, Mayrhofer says nothing speaks for that and instead groups it with the family of words derived from the root फल् (phal, “to burst, split”) (as ripe fruit is prone to burst, see below for other words related to "bursting, splitting"). It might derive from Proto-Indo-European *(s)bʰel- (“to swell”) (with devoicing due to Siebs's law with an s-mobile). Another possibility is Proto-Indo-European *(s)pelH- (“to split, tear off”) (for which see Lithuanian spãlis (“flax boon; October”) for more potential cognates).

cog

(mathematics) result of a calculation
product or quotient

(mathematics, arithmetics) mean ― The third term in the rule of three or cross-multiplication

(mathematics, geometry) area or superficial contents of a figure


संयोग

saṃyoga (romanization)
संयोगः (nominative singular)
संयोगौ (dual nominative)
संयोगा1 (dual nominative)
संयोगाः (nominative plural)
संयोगासः1 (nominative plural)
संयोग (singular vocative)
संयोगौ (dual vocative)
संयोगा1 (dual vocative)
संयोगाः (plural vocative)
संयोगासः1 (plural vocative)
संयोगम् (accusative singular)
संयोगौ (accusative dual)
संयोगा1 (accusative dual)
संयोगान् (accusative plural)
संयोगेन (instrumental singular)
संयोगाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संयोगैः (instrumental plural)
संयोगेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
संयोगाय (dative singular)
संयोगाभ्याम् (dative dual)
संयोगेभ्यः (dative plural)
संयोगात् (ablative singular)
संयोगाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संयोगेभ्यः (ablative plural)
संयोगस्य (genitive singular)
संयोगयोः (dual genitive)
संयोगानाम् (genitive plural)
संयोगे (locative singular)
संयोगयोः (dual locative)
संयोगेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: संयोग (sãyog)

Urdu: سنیوگ (sãyog)

/s̪ɐ̃ˈjoː.ɡɐ/

From the root संयुज् (saṃyuj) or from सम्- (sam-) + योग (yoga).

(arithmetic, mathematics) total amount, sum


अभ्र

abhrá (romanization)
अभ्रम् (nominative singular)
अभ्रे (dual nominative)
अभ्राणि (nominative plural)
अभ्रा1 (nominative plural)
अभ्र (singular vocative)
अभ्रे (dual vocative)
अभ्राणि (plural vocative)
अभ्रा1 (plural vocative)
अभ्रम् (accusative singular)
अभ्रे (accusative dual)
अभ्राणि (accusative plural)
अभ्रा1 (accusative plural)
अभ्रेण (instrumental singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अभ्रैः (instrumental plural)
अभ्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अभ्राय (dative singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
अभ्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
अभ्रात् (ablative singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अभ्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अभ्रस्य (genitive singular)
अभ्रयोः (dual genitive)
अभ्राणाम् (genitive plural)
अभ्रे (locative singular)
अभ्रयोः (dual locative)
अभ्रेषु (locative plural)
अभ्रः (nominative singular)
अभ्रौ (dual nominative)
अभ्रा1 (dual nominative)
अभ्राः (nominative plural)
अभ्रासः1 (nominative plural)
अभ्र (singular vocative)
अभ्रौ (dual vocative)
अभ्रा1 (dual vocative)
अभ्राः (plural vocative)
अभ्रासः1 (plural vocative)
अभ्रम् (accusative singular)
अभ्रौ (accusative dual)
अभ्रा1 (accusative dual)
अभ्रान् (accusative plural)
अभ्रेण (instrumental singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अभ्रैः (instrumental plural)
अभ्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अभ्राय (dative singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
अभ्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
अभ्रात् (ablative singular)
अभ्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अभ्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अभ्रस्य (genitive singular)
अभ्रयोः (dual genitive)
अभ्राणाम् (genitive plural)
अभ्रे (locative singular)
अभ्रयोः (dual locative)
अभ्रेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: اوٚبُر (obur)

Devanagari script: ऒबुर (obur)

Pali: abbha, ambu, ambha

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀩𑁆𑀪 (abbha)

Gujarati: આભ (ābha)

Hindi: आभ (ābh)

Marwari: आभौ (ābhau)

→ Bengali: অভ্র (obhro) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *abʰrás (“cloud”), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥bʰrós. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (aβra), Persian ابر (abr), Latin imber and Ancient Greek ἀφρός (aphrós).


इच्छा

icchā (romanization)
इच्छा (nominative singular)
इच्छे (dual nominative)
इच्छाः (nominative plural)
इच्छे (singular vocative)
इच्छे (dual vocative)
इच्छाः (plural vocative)
इच्छाम् (accusative singular)
इच्छे (accusative dual)
इच्छाः (accusative plural)
इच्छया (instrumental singular)
इच्छा1 (instrumental singular)
इच्छाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इच्छाभिः (instrumental plural)
इच्छायै (dative singular)
इच्छाभ्याम् (dative dual)
इच्छाभ्यः (dative plural)
इच्छायाः (ablative singular)
इच्छायै2 (ablative singular)
इच्छाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इच्छाभ्यः (ablative plural)
इच्छायाः (genitive singular)
इच्छायै2 (genitive singular)
इच्छयोः (dual genitive)
इच्छानाम् (genitive plural)
इच्छायाम् (locative singular)
इच्छयोः (dual locative)
इच्छासु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: इच्छा (icchā)

→ Kannada: ಇಚ್ಛೆ (icche)

→ Marathi: इच्छा (icchā)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: icchā (“wish, desire; pleased”), ica, eccha
Javanese: ꦲꦺꦕ (éca)
→ Indonesian: eco
→ Balinese: ᬳᬶᬘ (ica), ᬇᬘ

→ Old Tamil: 𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁃 (iccai)
Tamil: இச்சை (iccai)

Pali: icchā

Marwari: चा (cā)

→ Telugu: ఇచ్ఛ (iccha)

→ Thai: อิจฉา (ìt-chǎa, “to envy”)

[it̚.t͡ɕʰɑː]

/ˈit̪.t͡ɕʰɑː/

[ˈit̪̚.t͡ɕʰɑː]

Nominalized from इच्छति (icchati, “to wish, desire”).


दण्ड

daṇḍá (romanization)
दण्डः (nominative singular)
दण्डौ (dual nominative)
दण्डा1 (dual nominative)
दण्डाः (nominative plural)
दण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
दण्ड (singular vocative)
दण्डौ (dual vocative)
दण्डा1 (dual vocative)
दण्डाः (plural vocative)
दण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
दण्डम् (accusative singular)
दण्डौ (accusative dual)
दण्डा1 (accusative dual)
दण्डान् (accusative plural)
दण्डेन (instrumental singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दण्डैः (instrumental plural)
दण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दण्डाय (dative singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
दण्डात् (ablative singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दण्डस्य (genitive singular)
दण्डयोः (dual genitive)
दण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
दण्डे (locative singular)
दण्डयोः (dual locative)
दण्डेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

desc

Gawar-Bati: ڈݨڈ (ḍaṇḍ), ڈوݨڈیک (dōṇḍī́k), ڈیݨڈی (ḍḗṇḍī)

Kashmiri: دَن (dan), دۆنُ (donu), ڈَنڈُ (ḍanḍu)

Shina: دوݨ (do̯ṇŭ), ڈونی (ḍṓnī)

Shumashti: dä̃ṛä

Torwali: دن (dan)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: ḍōn

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Ashkun: dōṇ

Kamkata-viri: duṇ, ḍun, ḍen

Prasuni: ḍuṇḍu, ḍuṇḍū́

Waigali: dūṇ, ḍūṇíṅ, deṇḍī́

Pali: daṇḍa, daṇḍaka

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀀𑀟 (dam̐ḍa), 𑀟𑀀𑀟𑀟𑀀𑀟𑀬 (ḍam̐ḍaḍam̐ḍaya)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Awadhi: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डाँड़ु (ḍā̃ṛu), डाँड़ा (ḍā̃ṛā)

Gujarati: દાઁડો (dām̐ḍo), ડાઁડો (ḍām̐ḍo), દાઁડી (dām̐ḍī), ડાઁડી (ḍām̐ḍī)

Hindustani: dā̃ḍ, ḍā̃ḍ, ḍā̃ṛ, daṇḍā, ḍaṇḍā, ḍā̃ḍā, ḍā̃ṛā, ḍaṇḍī, ḍā̃ḍī

Hindi: दाँड, डाँड, डाँड़, दंडा, डंडा, डाँडा, डाँड़ा, डंडी, डाँडी

Urdu: دَاںڈ (dā̃ḍ), ڈَاںڈ (ḍā̃ḍ), ڈَاںڑ (ḍā̃ṛ), دَنڈَا, ڈَنڈَا, ڈَاںڈَا (ḍā̃ḍā), ڈَاںڑَا (ḍā̃ṛā), ڈَنڈِی (ḍanḍī), ڈَاںڈِی (ḍā̃ḍī)

Romani: ran

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ডাঁৰ (dãr), ডাঁৰা (dãra), ডাঁৰি (dãri), ডঁৰ (dõr)

Bengali: ডান্ডা (ḍanḍa), দাঁড় (dãṛ), দাঁড়ি (dãṛi), ডাঁড় (ḍãṛ), ডাঁড়ি (ḍãṛi)

Bihari: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Bihari: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Bhojpuri: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Maithili: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डाँड़ि (ḍā̃ṛɨ), डाँड़ब (ḍā̃ṛab)

Odia: ଡାଣ୍ଡ (ḍāṇḍa), ଡାଁଡ଼ (ḍā̃ṛa), ଦାଣ୍ଡି (dāṇḍi), ଦଣ୍ଡା (daṇḍā), ଦଣ୍ଡି (daṇḍi)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: डाँड (ḍā̃ḍ)

Kumaoni: दान (dān), डान (ḍān), डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डानो (ḍāno), डानी (ḍānī), डाण (ḍāṇ)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: डाँण (ḍā̃ṇ), डाँणो (ḍā̃ṇo), डाँणि (ḍā̃ṇi)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: डन्न (ḍann), डन्नो (ḍanno), डन्नी (ḍannī)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ދަނޑި (daⁿḍi)

Sinhalese: දණ්ඩ (daṇḍa)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: dāṇḍāro

Devanagari script: दांडारो (dāṇḍāro)

Latin script: dannddarô

Kannada script: ದಾಂಡಾರೊ

Marathi: दाँड (dŏṇḍa), दाँड (dŏṇḍa)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: dann, ḍann, ḍannā, ḍannī

Gurmukhi script: ਦੰਨ, ਡੰਨ, ਡੰਨਾ, ਡੰਨੀ

Shahmukhi script: دَنّ, ڈَنّ, ڈَنَّا, ڈَنِّی

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: ḍ̠anu, ḍ̠ano, ḍ̠anī, ḍ̠aṇḍu, ḍ̠aṇḍo

Arabic script: ڏَنُ, ڏَنو, ڏَنِي, ڏَڻڊُ, ڏَڻڊو

Devanagari script: ॾनु, ॾनो, ॾनी, ॾंडु, ॾंडो

→ Assamese: দণ্ড (dondo)

→ Bengali: দণ্ড (donḍo)

→ Burmese: ဒဏ် (dan)

→ Hindustani: daṇḍ

Hindi: दंड

Urdu: دَنڈ

→ Indonesian: denda

→ Khmer: ទណ្ឌ (tŏən)

→ Lao: ທັນ (than)

→ Malayalam: ദണ്ഡം (daṇḍaṁ)

→ Malay: denda

→ Pali: daṇḍa

→ Romani: rran

→ Sindhi: ڏَنڊُ, ड॒ण्डु

→ Sindhi: ڏَنڊُ, ड॒ण्डु

→ Tamil: தண்டம் (taṇṭam)

→ Telugu: దండము (daṇḍamu)

→ Thai: ทัณฑ์ (than)

→ Urdu:

Borrowed from substrate language. Kuiper argues for a loanword from Munda; compare Mundari ଦାଣ୍ଡି (dāṇḍi, “small stick”), Santali ᱫᱚᱬᱴᱚ (dôṇṭô, “thick stick, club”), ᱫᱚᱬᱴᱤᱴᱤᱛ (dôṇṭiṭit, “stem of mushrooms”), ᱫᱚᱬᱰᱤ (dôṇḍi, “stick, staff, stalk”). Likewise, Southworth suggests a Dravidian substratum, compare Malayalam തണ്ട് (taṇṭŭ, “stick, club”).
Alternatively, but less likely, a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”), whence दारु (dā́ru), and thus cognate with Ancient Greek δένδρον (déndron, “tree”), but both this and that Greek word are phonologically difficult to explain.


गण

gaṇá (romanization)
गणः (nominative singular)
गणौ (dual nominative)
गणा1 (dual nominative)
गणाः (nominative plural)
गणासः1 (nominative plural)
गण (singular vocative)
गणौ (dual vocative)
गणा1 (dual vocative)
गणाः (plural vocative)
गणासः1 (plural vocative)
गणम् (accusative singular)
गणौ (accusative dual)
गणा1 (accusative dual)
गणान् (accusative plural)
गणेन (instrumental singular)
गणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गणैः (instrumental plural)
गणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गणाय (dative singular)
गणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गणेभ्यः (dative plural)
गणात् (ablative singular)
गणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गणस्य (genitive singular)
गणयोः (dual genitive)
गणानाम् (genitive plural)
गणे (locative singular)
गणयोः (dual locative)
गणेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Torwali: گن (gan)

Pali: gaṇa
→ Burmese: ဂိုဏ်း (guin:)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: gaṇa
> Javanese: ꦒꦤ (gana) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬕᬡ (gana)

→ Tamil: கணம் (kaṇam) (learned)

From the root गण् (gaṇ, “to calculate, count”) + -अ (-a)


संख्या

head

संख्या • (saṃkhyā)

sa-root

संख्या • (saṃkhyā)

/ˈs̪ɐŋ.kʰjɑː/

to reckon or count up, sum up, enumerate, calculate


संख्या

saṃkhyā (romanization)
संख्या (nominative singular)
संख्ये (dual nominative)
संख्याः (nominative plural)
संख्ये (singular vocative)
संख्ये (dual vocative)
संख्याः (plural vocative)
संख्याम् (accusative singular)
संख्ये (accusative dual)
संख्याः (accusative plural)
संख्यया (instrumental singular)
संख्या1 (instrumental singular)
संख्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संख्याभिः (instrumental plural)
संख्यायै (dative singular)
संख्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
संख्याभ्यः (dative plural)
संख्यायाः (ablative singular)
संख्यायै2 (ablative singular)
संख्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संख्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
संख्यायाः (genitive singular)
संख्यायै2 (genitive singular)
संख्ययोः (dual genitive)
संख्यानाम् (genitive plural)
संख्यायाम् (locative singular)
संख्ययोः (dual locative)
संख्यासु (locative plural)

desctree

Pali: saṅkhyā
→ Burmese: သင်္ချာ (sanghkya)

→ Hindi: संख्या (saṅkhyā) (learned)

→ Marathi: संख्या (saṅkhyā) (learned)

/ˈs̪ɐŋ.kʰjɑː/

(geometry) a gnomon (for ascertaining the points of the compass)


गौर

राज-सर्षप राज-सर्षप

white mustard (the seed of which is used as a weight, = 3 राज-सर्षपs)


गौर

→ Old Javanese: gora
> Javanese: ꦒꦺꦴꦫ (gora) (inherited)


दोस्

dós (romanization)
दोः (nominative singular)
दोषी (dual nominative)
दोंषि (nominative plural)
दोः (singular vocative)
दोषी (dual vocative)
दोंषि (plural vocative)
दोः (accusative singular)
दोषी (accusative dual)
दोंषि (accusative plural)
दोषा (instrumental singular)
दोर्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दोर्भिः (instrumental plural)
दोषे (dative singular)
दोर्भ्याम् (dative dual)
दोर्भ्यः (dative plural)
दोषः (ablative singular)
दोर्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
दोर्भ्यः (ablative plural)
दोषः (genitive singular)
दोषोः (dual genitive)
दोषाम् (genitive plural)
दोषि (locative singular)
दोषोः (dual locative)
दोःषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dáwṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáwš, from Proto-Indo-European *dóws (“arm”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬱 (daoš), Persian دوش (duš), Proto-Slavic *(paz)duxa (“bosom, armpit”), Proto-Celtic *dows(ants).

cog

(geometry) the part of an arc defining its sine

(geometry) the side of a triangle or square


योग

yóga (romanization)
योगः (nominative singular)
योगौ (dual nominative)
योगा1 (dual nominative)
योगाः (nominative plural)
योगासः1 (nominative plural)
योग (singular vocative)
योगौ (dual vocative)
योगा1 (dual vocative)
योगाः (plural vocative)
योगासः1 (plural vocative)
योगम् (accusative singular)
योगौ (accusative dual)
योगा1 (accusative dual)
योगान् (accusative plural)
योगेन (instrumental singular)
योगाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
योगैः (instrumental plural)
योगेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
योगाय (dative singular)
योगाभ्याम् (dative dual)
योगेभ्यः (dative plural)
योगात् (ablative singular)
योगाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
योगेभ्यः (ablative plural)
योगस्य (genitive singular)
योगयोः (dual genitive)
योगानाम् (genitive plural)
योगे (locative singular)
योगयोः (dual locative)
योगेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: যো (zü)

→ English: yoga

→ Old Javanese: yoga, yuga (see there for further descendants)

→ Hindi: योग (yog)

→ Odia: ଯୋଗ (joga)

→ Tamil: யோகம் (yōkam) (learned)

→ Telugu: యోగము (yōgamu) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-European *yówgos, from *yewg- (“to yoke, harness, join”). Compare the verbal root युनक्ति (yunákti, “to yoke”), युग (yugá) (< *yugóm), योगस् (yógas) (< *yéwgos). Cognate with English yoke.


कर्ण

kárṇa (romanization)
कर्णः (nominative singular)
कर्णौ (dual nominative)
कर्णा1 (dual nominative)
कर्णाः (nominative plural)
कर्णासः1 (nominative plural)
कर्ण (singular vocative)
कर्णौ (dual vocative)
कर्णा1 (dual vocative)
कर्णाः (plural vocative)
कर्णासः1 (plural vocative)
कर्णम् (accusative singular)
कर्णौ (accusative dual)
कर्णा1 (accusative dual)
कर्णान् (accusative plural)
कर्णेन (instrumental singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्णैः (instrumental plural)
कर्णेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कर्णाय (dative singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्णात् (ablative singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्णस्य (genitive singular)
कर्णयोः (dual genitive)
कर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
कर्णे (locative singular)
कर्णयोः (dual locative)
कर्णेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Grangali: kō̃

Indus Kohistani: kaṇa, kān

Kalami: kan

Kalasha: kọ̃

Kashmiri: کَن (kan), کَنّ

Phalura: کاݨ (kāṇ)

Shina: کون (kon), کوݨ (koṇí)

Kohistani Shina: کݨ (kuṇ), کءاݨ (kuāṇə)

→ Domaaki: کون (kon)

Shumashti: kō̃ṛ

Tirahi: kana

Torwali: کان (kaṇ)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kanə, kan

Pali: kaṇṇa

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡 (kaṇṇa)
Central:
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
Awadhi: कान (kān)
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Hindustani: kān
Hindi: कान
Urdu: کان (kān)
Romani: kan
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
Avahattha: 𑖎𑖜𑖿𑖜 (kaṇṇa), कण्ण (kaṇṇa)
Bengali-Assamese:
Assamese: কাণ (kan), কান (kan)
Bengali: কান (kan)
Hajong: কান
Bihari:
Bhojpuri: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Kaithi script: 𑂍𑂰𑂢
Magahi: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Kaithi script: 𑂍𑂰𑂢
Maithili: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Tirhuta script: 𑒏𑒰𑒢
Odia: କାନ (kāna)
Northern:
Khasa Prakrit:
Central Pahari:
Kumaoni: कान (kān)
Eastern Pahari:
Nepali: कान (kān)
Western Pahari:
Bhadrawahi: कन्न (kann)
Chambeali: कन्न (kann)
Northwestern:
Paisaci Prakrit:
Takka Apabhramsa:
Lahnda: کَنّ (kann), کَن (kan)
Punjabi: kann
Gurmukhi script: ਕੰਨ
Shahmukhi script: کَنّ
Vracada Apabhramsa:
Sindhi: kanu
Arabic script: ڪَنُ
Devanagari script: कनु
Kachchi: કન (kan)
Southern:
Helu Prakrit:
⇒ Dhivehi: ކަންފަތް (kan̊fat̊)
Sinhalese: කන (kana), කණ (kaṇa)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Konkani: kānu
Devanagari script: कानु
Latin script: kanu
Kannada script: ಕಾನು
Old Marathi: kāna
Modi script: 𑘎𑘰𑘡
Devanagari script: कान
Marathi: कान (kān)
Western:
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Old Gujarati: कान (kāna)
Gujarati: કાન (kān)
Old Marwari: कान (kān)

→ Bengali: কর্ণ (korno)

→ English: Karna

→ Hindi: कर्ण (karṇ)

→ Old Javanese: karṇa
> Javanese: ꦏꦂꦤ (karna) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬓᬃᬡ (karna)

⇒ Tamil: கன்னம் (kaṉṉam)

⇒ Malayalam: കർണ്ണം (kaṟṇṇaṁ)

desc

⇒ Telugu: కర్ణుడు (karṇuḍu), కర్ణము (karṇamu)

→ Thai: กรรณ (gan)

Of uncertain origin.
Likely related to Persian کر (kar, “deaf”), and perhaps to Old Church Slavonic крънъ (krŭnŭ, “mutilated (esp. of the ears and nose)”); however, Fraenkel's presupposition that "defect of the ear" was the original meaning of the common root and that Sanskrit later developed the more basal meaning of "ear" from the "defect" meaning is suspect.
Pischel takes the original meaning as "point, spike"; under this view, कर्णक (karṇaka, “lateral protrusion; fork”) could be related. However, a convincing etymological path for this has not been found.
Zupitsa connects this with Russian Church Slavonic črĕnъ, from a common root meaning "handle, grip".
Finally, others have connected this word to शृणोति (śṛṇóti, “to listen, hear”).

cog

(geometry) the hypotenuse of a triangle or the diagonal of a quadrilateral


पाद

pā́da (romanization)
पादः (nominative singular)
पादौ (dual nominative)
पादा1 (dual nominative)
पादाः (nominative plural)
पादासः1 (nominative plural)
पाद (singular vocative)
पादौ (dual vocative)
पादा1 (dual vocative)
पादाः (plural vocative)
पादासः1 (plural vocative)
पादम् (accusative singular)
पादौ (accusative dual)
पादा1 (accusative dual)
पादान् (accusative plural)
पादेन (instrumental singular)
पादाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पादैः (instrumental plural)
पादेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पादाय (dative singular)
पादाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पादेभ्यः (dative plural)
पादात् (ablative singular)
पादाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पादेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पादस्य (genitive singular)
पादयोः (dual genitive)
पादानाम् (genitive plural)
पादे (locative singular)
पादयोः (dual locative)
पादेषु (locative plural)

→ Old Javanese: pāda

Formed from पादम् (pādam), the accusative singular of पद् (pád, “foot”).


हरति

sa-verb

हरति • (hárati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root हृ)

hárati (romanization)
हृ (root)
हरति (present)
हरते (present)
हरति (active indicative singular third-person)
हरतः (active dual indicative third-person)
हरन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
हरते (indicative singular third-person)
हरेते (dual indicative third-person)
हरन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
हरसि (active indicative second-person singular)
हरथः (active dual indicative second-person)
हरथ (active indicative plural second-person)
हरसे (indicative second-person singular)
हरेथे (dual indicative second-person)
हरध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
हरामि (active first-person indicative singular)
हरावः (active dual first-person indicative)
हरामः (active first-person indicative plural)
हरामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
हरे (first-person indicative singular)
हरावहे (dual first-person indicative)
हरामहे (first-person indicative plural)
हरतु (active imperative singular third-person)
हरताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
हरन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
हरताम् (imperative singular third-person)
हरेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
हरन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
हर (active imperative second-person singular)
हरतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
हरत (active imperative plural second-person)
हरस्व (imperative second-person singular)
हरेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
हरध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
हराणि (active first-person imperative singular)
हराव (active dual first-person imperative)
हराम (active first-person imperative plural)
हरै (first-person imperative singular)
हरावहै (dual first-person imperative)
हरामहै (first-person imperative plural)
हरेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
हरेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
हरेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
हरेत (imperative singular third-person)
हरेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
हरेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
हरेः (active imperative second-person singular)
हरेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
हरेत (active imperative plural second-person)
हरेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
हरेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
हरेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
हरेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
हरेव (active dual first-person imperative)
हरेम (active first-person imperative plural)
हरेय (first-person imperative singular)
हरेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
हरेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
हरात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
हराति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
हरातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
हरान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
हराते (singular subjunctive third-person)
हरातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
हरैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
हरन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
हरान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
हराः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
हरासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
हराथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
हराथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
हरासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
हरासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
हरैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
हराध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
हराणि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
हराव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
हराम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
हरै (first-person singular subjunctive)
हरावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
हरामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
हरत् (active participle)
हरमाण (participle)
अहरत् (imperfect)
अहरत (imperfect)
अहरत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अहरताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अहरन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अहरत (indicative singular third-person)
अहरेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अहरन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अहरः (active indicative second-person singular)
अहरतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अहरत (active indicative plural second-person)
अहरथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अहरेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अहरध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अहरम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अहराव (active dual first-person indicative)
अहराम (active first-person indicative plural)
अहरे (first-person indicative singular)
अहरावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अहरामहि (first-person indicative plural)

Pali: harati

/ˈɦɐ.ɾɐ.t̪i/


पक्ष

pakṣá (romanization)
पक्षः (nominative singular)
पक्षौ (dual nominative)
पक्षा1 (dual nominative)
पक्षाः (nominative plural)
पक्षासः1 (nominative plural)
पक्ष (singular vocative)
पक्षौ (dual vocative)
पक्षा1 (dual vocative)
पक्षाः (plural vocative)
पक्षासः1 (plural vocative)
पक्षम् (accusative singular)
पक्षौ (accusative dual)
पक्षा1 (accusative dual)
पक्षान् (accusative plural)
पक्षेण (instrumental singular)
पक्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पक्षैः (instrumental plural)
पक्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पक्षाय (dative singular)
पक्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पक्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
पक्षात् (ablative singular)
पक्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पक्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पक्षस्य (genitive singular)
पक्षयोः (dual genitive)
पक्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
पक्षे (locative singular)
पक्षयोः (dual locative)
पक्षेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Pali: pakkha
→ Kannada: ಪಕ್ಕ (pakka, “side”)
→ Tamil: பக்கம் (pakkam)
→ Thai: ปักข์, ปักษ์ (bpàk)

Prakrit: 𑀧𑀓𑁆𑀔 (pakkha), 𑀧𑀁𑀔 (paṃkha)

desc

Assamese: পখা (pokha), পাখা (pakha), পাখি (pakhi)

Bengali: পাখা (pakha)

Hindi: पंख (paṅkh), पंखा (paṅkhā), पांख (pāṅkh)

Konkani: पाख (pākh)

Marathi: पंख (paṅkha), पाख (pākh)

Mewari: पंखो (paṅkho)

Punjabi: ਪੱਖ (pakkha)

Romani: phak

→ Hindi: पक्ष (pakṣ)

→ Kannada: ಪಕ್ಷ (pakṣa)

→ Marathi: पक्ष (pakṣa)

→ Malay: paksa

Indonesian: paksa

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pakšás (“side, flank”), from Proto-Indo-European *peg- (“side, flank”).
Cognate with Ossetian фахс (faxs, “side”) and maybe Latvian paksis (“corner of a house”).

der

(algebra) a primary division or the side of an equation in a primary division


अहि

áhi (romanization)
अहिः (nominative singular)
अही (dual nominative)
अहयः (nominative plural)
अहे (singular vocative)
अही (dual vocative)
अहयः (plural vocative)
अहिम् (accusative singular)
अही (accusative dual)
अहीन् (accusative plural)
अहिना (instrumental singular)
अह्या1 (instrumental singular)
अहिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अहिभिः (instrumental plural)
अहये (dative singular)
अहिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अहिभ्यः (dative plural)
अहेः (ablative singular)
अह्यः1 (ablative singular)
अहिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अहिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अहेः (genitive singular)
अह्यः1 (genitive singular)
अह्योः (dual genitive)
अहीनाम् (genitive plural)
अहौ (locative singular)
अहा1 (locative singular)
अह्योः (dual locative)
अहिषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Khowar: آیی (ayí)

Pali: ahi

→ Assamese: অহি (ohi)

→ Bengali: অহি (ohi)

→ Marathi: अहि (ahi)

→ Tamil: அகி (aki)

→ Telugu: అహి (ahi)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háǰʰiš (“snake, serpent”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ógʷʰis (“snake”). Cognates include Avestan 𐬀𐬲𐬌 (aži), Ancient Greek ὄφις (óphis), Old Armenian իժ (iž).


प्रथम

prathamá (romanization)
प्रथमः (nominative singular)
प्रथमौ (dual nominative)
प्रथमा1 (dual nominative)
प्रथमाः (nominative plural)
प्रथमासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रथम (singular vocative)
प्रथमौ (dual vocative)
प्रथमा1 (dual vocative)
प्रथमाः (plural vocative)
प्रथमासः1 (plural vocative)
प्रथमम् (accusative singular)
प्रथमौ (accusative dual)
प्रथमा1 (accusative dual)
प्रथमान् (accusative plural)
प्रथमेन (instrumental singular)
प्रथमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रथमैः (instrumental plural)
प्रथमेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रथमाय (dative singular)
प्रथमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रथमेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रथमात् (ablative singular)
प्रथमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रथमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रथमस्य (genitive singular)
प्रथमयोः (dual genitive)
प्रथमानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रथमे (locative singular)
प्रथमयोः (dual locative)
प्रथमेषु (locative plural)

/ˈpɾɐ.t̪ʰɐ.mɐ/

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pratʰamás (“first, foremost”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-tm̥mós (“foremost”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (fratəma), Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠 (f-r-t-m-a /fratama/), Old Armenian փարթամ (pʻartʻam).

inh+

(mathematics) the sum of the products divided by the difference between the squares of the cosine of the azimuth and the sine of the amplitude


तक्षति

sa-verb

तक्षति • (tákṣati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root तक्ष्)

tákṣati (romanization)
तक्ष् (root)
तक्षति (present)
तक्षते (present)
तक्षति (active indicative singular third-person)
तक्षतः (active dual indicative third-person)
तक्षन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
तक्षते (indicative singular third-person)
तक्षेते (dual indicative third-person)
तक्षन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
तक्षसि (active indicative second-person singular)
तक्षथः (active dual indicative second-person)
तक्षथ (active indicative plural second-person)
तक्षसे (indicative second-person singular)
तक्षेथे (dual indicative second-person)
तक्षध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
तक्षामि (active first-person indicative singular)
तक्षावः (active dual first-person indicative)
तक्षामः (active first-person indicative plural)
तक्षामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
तक्षे (first-person indicative singular)
तक्षावहे (dual first-person indicative)
तक्षामहे (first-person indicative plural)
तक्षतु (active imperative singular third-person)
तक्षताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
तक्षन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
तक्षताम् (imperative singular third-person)
तक्षेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
तक्षन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
तक्ष (active imperative second-person singular)
तक्षतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
तक्षत (active imperative plural second-person)
तक्षस्व (imperative second-person singular)
तक्षेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
तक्षध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
तक्षाणि (active first-person imperative singular)
तक्षाव (active dual first-person imperative)
तक्षाम (active first-person imperative plural)
तक्षै (first-person imperative singular)
तक्षावहै (dual first-person imperative)
तक्षामहै (first-person imperative plural)
तक्षेत् (active imperative singular third-person)
तक्षेताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
तक्षेयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
तक्षेत (imperative singular third-person)
तक्षेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
तक्षेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
तक्षेः (active imperative second-person singular)
तक्षेतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
तक्षेत (active imperative plural second-person)
तक्षेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
तक्षेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
तक्षेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
तक्षेयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
तक्षेव (active dual first-person imperative)
तक्षेम (active first-person imperative plural)
तक्षेय (first-person imperative singular)
तक्षेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
तक्षेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
तक्षात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
तक्षाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
तक्षातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
तक्षान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
तक्षाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
तक्षातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
तक्षैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
तक्षन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
तक्षान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
तक्षाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
तक्षाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
तक्षासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
तक्षाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
तक्षाणि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
तक्षाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
तक्षै (first-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
तक्षामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
तक्षत् (active participle)
तक्षमाण (participle)
अतक्षत् (imperfect)
अतक्षत (imperfect)
अतक्षत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अतक्षताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अतक्षन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अतक्षत (indicative singular third-person)
अतक्षेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अतक्षन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अतक्षः (active indicative second-person singular)
अतक्षतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अतक्षत (active indicative plural second-person)
अतक्षथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अतक्षेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अतक्षध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अतक्षम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अतक्षाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अतक्षाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अतक्षे (first-person indicative singular)
अतक्षावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अतक्षामहि (first-person indicative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: tachun

Arabic script: تَچھُک

Devanagari script: तछुन

Khowar: توچھک (točhik)

Pali: tacchati, tacchēti

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀢𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (tacchaï), 𑀘𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (cacchaï), 𑀘𑀁𑀙𑀇 (caṃchaï)
Central:
Hindustani: cā̃chnā
Hindi: चाँछना
Urdu: چانچھنا
Eastern:
Bengali: চাঁছা (cãcha)
Bihari:
Bhojpuri: चाँछल (cā̃chal)
Odia: ଟାଞ୍ଛିବା (ṭāñchibā), ଚାଞ୍ଛିବା (cāñchibā), ଛାଞ୍ଚିବା (chāñcibā)
Northern:
Kumaoni: ताछ्णो (tāchṇo)
Nepali: ताछ्नु (tāchnu)
Northwestern:
Punjabi: tacchṇā
Gurmukhi script: ਤੱਛਣਾ
Shahmukhi script: تچھنا
Southern:
Marathi: तासणे (tāsṇe)
Sinhalese: සහිනවා (sahinawā), හහිනවා (hahinawā)
Western:
Gujarati: તાછવું (tāchvũ)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *táṭṣati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *táćšati, from Proto-Indo-European *tḗtḱ-ti ~ *tétḱ-n̥ti, from *tetḱ- (“to create, cut”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌 𐬙𐬁𐬱𐬙𐬌 (auui tāšti). Compare also Old Armenian տաշեմ (tašem), an Iranian borrowing.


हर

hara (romanization)
हरः (nominative singular)
हरौ (dual nominative)
हरा1 (dual nominative)
हराः (nominative plural)
हरासः1 (nominative plural)
हर (singular vocative)
हरौ (dual vocative)
हरा1 (dual vocative)
हराः (plural vocative)
हरासः1 (plural vocative)
हरम् (accusative singular)
हरौ (accusative dual)
हरा1 (accusative dual)
हरान् (accusative plural)
हरेण (instrumental singular)
हराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हरैः (instrumental plural)
हरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हराय (dative singular)
हराभ्याम् (dative dual)
हरेभ्यः (dative plural)
हरात् (ablative singular)
हराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हरस्य (genitive singular)
हरयोः (dual genitive)
हराणाम् (genitive plural)
हरे (locative singular)
हरयोः (dual locative)
हरेषु (locative plural)


क्रोश

króśa (romanization)
क्रोशः (nominative singular)
क्रोशौ (dual nominative)
क्रोशा1 (dual nominative)
क्रोशाः (nominative plural)
क्रोशासः1 (nominative plural)
क्रोश (singular vocative)
क्रोशौ (dual vocative)
क्रोशा1 (dual vocative)
क्रोशाः (plural vocative)
क्रोशासः1 (plural vocative)
क्रोशम् (accusative singular)
क्रोशौ (accusative dual)
क्रोशा1 (accusative dual)
क्रोशान् (accusative plural)
क्रोशेन (instrumental singular)
क्रोशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
क्रोशैः (instrumental plural)
क्रोशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
क्रोशाय (dative singular)
क्रोशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
क्रोशेभ्यः (dative plural)
क्रोशात् (ablative singular)
क्रोशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
क्रोशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
क्रोशस्य (genitive singular)
क्रोशयोः (dual genitive)
क्रोशानाम् (genitive plural)
क्रोशे (locative singular)
क्रोशयोः (dual locative)
क्रोशेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: کریکھ (kryekh)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: কোশ (kōś)

desc

Odia: କୁଶ୍ (kuś), କୁଶ (kuśa), କୋଶ (kośa)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀲 (kosa)

Konkani: कोसु (kosu)

Marathi: कोस (kos)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: કોસ (kos)

Pali: kosa

→ Burmese: ကောသ (kau:sa.)

Hindustani:

Hindi: कोस (kos)

Urdu: کوس (kos)

Nepali: कोस् (kos)

Punjabi: ਕਰੋਹ (karoh), ਕੋਹ (koh)

→ Assamese: ক্রোশ (krüx)

→ Bengali: ক্রোশ (krōś)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: क्रोश (kroś)

Urdu: کروش (kroś), کروه (karoh)

→ Odia: କ୍ରୋଶ (krośa)

→ Tamil: கோசு (kōcu) (via Prakrit)

→ Telugu: కోసు (kōsu) (via Prakrit)

→ Telugu: క్రోశము (krōśamu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *krawć-
Sanskrit क्रुश् (kruś)
Sanskrit -अ (-a)
Sanskrit क्रोश (krośa)
From the root क्रुश् (kruś, “to cry out, shriek, call out”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *krawć- (“to cry, to call out”).
Cognate with Middle Persian [script needed] (hlws /xrōs/, “rooster, cock”), Classical Persian خروش (xuroš, “loud cry; mourning”). Related to Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬯𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬄𐬨 𐬎𐬞𐬁 (xraosəṇtąm upā), Younger Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (xraosiieⁱti, “to call out, cry”), Middle Persian [script needed] (hlwstn' /xrōstan/, “to call, cry”), Parthian xrws (“to call out”).

cog

𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬯𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬄𐬨 𐬎𐬞𐬁

"the range of the voice in calling or hallooing", a measure of distance (an Indian league, commonly called a Kos = 1000 daṇḍas = 4000 hastas = 1÷4 yojana; according to others = 2000 daṇḍas = 8000 hastas = 1 gavyūti)


मण्डल

máṇḍala (romanization)
मण्डलम् (nominative singular)
मण्डले (dual nominative)
मण्डलानि (nominative plural)
मण्डला1 (nominative plural)
मण्डल (singular vocative)
मण्डले (dual vocative)
मण्डलानि (plural vocative)
मण्डला1 (plural vocative)
मण्डलम् (accusative singular)
मण्डले (accusative dual)
मण्डलानि (accusative plural)
मण्डला1 (accusative plural)
मण्डलेन (instrumental singular)
मण्डलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मण्डलैः (instrumental plural)
मण्डलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मण्डलाय (dative singular)
मण्डलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मण्डलेभ्यः (dative plural)
मण्डलात् (ablative singular)
मण्डलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मण्डलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मण्डलस्य (genitive singular)
मण्डलयोः (dual genitive)
मण्डलानाम् (genitive plural)
मण्डले (locative singular)
मण्डलयोः (dual locative)
मण्डलेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: māṇḍal (“coffin”), māṇḍau

Kashmiri: manḍul (“circle”)

Devanagari script: मन्डुल

Arabic script: مانڈل

Pali: maṇḍala

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀟𑀮 (maṃḍala) (see there for further descendants)

→ Bengali: মণ্ডল (monḍol) (learned)

→ Hindi: मंडल (maṇḍal) (learned)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: maṇḍala
Javanese: ꦩꦤ꧀ꦝꦭ (mandhala), ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦭ (mandala)
→ Balinese: ᬫᬡ᭄ᬟᬮ (mandala)

→ Punjabi: ਮੰਡਲ (maṇḍal) (learned)

→ Tamil: மண்டலம் (maṇṭalam) (learned)

→ Thai: มณฑล (mon-ton)

/mɐ́ɳ.ɖɐ.lɐ/

/ˈmɐɳ.ɖɐ.l̪ɐ/

Etymology tree
Sanskrit *मण्ड (maṇḍa)?
Sanskrit -ल (-la)?
Sanskrit मण्डल (maṇḍala)
Unknown. Several theories have been proposed:
* Mayrhofer and Turner agree on *मण्ड (maṇḍa, “round”) + -ल (-la), based on the lexeme found in the Classical compounds नौमण्ड (naumaṇḍa, “chief part of a ship”), मण्डचरवन्त् (maṇḍacaravant, “as if going in a circle; having a noose (?)”). Further etymology is unknown, but Dardic descendants may support a non-retroflexed *मन्द (manda) as the ultimate source.
** Mayrhofer proposes the following Indo-European cognates: Proto-Slavic *mǫdo (“testicle”) if the retroflexion is spontaneous, or Old Irish mell (“ball”) (> modern Irish meall) if we assume l-induced retroflexion of *mel-nd- under Fortunatov's law.
** Burrow, later supported by Turner, proposes borrowing from Proto-Dravidian *maṇḍ- (“to be bent”), with cognates Tamil மண்டி (maṇṭi, “kneeling”), முடலை (muṭalai, “ball, globe”).
* Tedesco proposes वृत्त (vṛtta, “round”) + -ल (-la), undergoing Prakrit-like sound changes via ad-hoc intermediate *वट्टल (vaṭṭala) > *वण्टल (vaṇṭala) > *वण्डल (vaṇḍala). He furthermore proposes initial v- > m- as a common Middle Indo-Aryan sound change; see मुण्ड (muṇḍa, “bald”) for more. Turner rejects this etymology on phonological grounds.
* Borrowed from substrate language. Compare Nihali मौड्ढारी (moḍḍhārī, “triangle”), for the "triangle" sense in the Caturvargacintāmaṇi.

etymon

(rarely m) disk (especially of the sun or moon)


काल

kālá (romanization)
कालः (nominative singular)
कालौ (dual nominative)
काला1 (dual nominative)
कालाः (nominative plural)
कालासः1 (nominative plural)
काल (singular vocative)
कालौ (dual vocative)
काला1 (dual vocative)
कालाः (plural vocative)
कालासः1 (plural vocative)
कालम् (accusative singular)
कालौ (accusative dual)
काला1 (accusative dual)
कालान् (accusative plural)
कालेन (instrumental singular)
कालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कालैः (instrumental plural)
कालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कालाय (dative singular)
कालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कालेभ्यः (dative plural)
कालात् (ablative singular)
कालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कालस्य (genitive singular)
कालयोः (dual genitive)
कालानाम् (genitive plural)
काले (locative singular)
कालयोः (dual locative)
कालेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Dameli: kâl

Indus Kohistani: kāla, kalaĩ

Kalami: kāl

Kalasha: kau, kālūna

Kashmiri: کال (kāl), کالہٕ (kālụ)

Khowar: کل (kala)

Pashayi:

Northeast Pashayi: kōl

Northwest Pashayi: kāl

Shina: کال (kāl)

Shumashti: kāl

Tirahi: kāl

Torwali: کال (kāl)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Ashkun: kal

⇒ Ashkun: awat-kāl

⇒ Kamkata-viri: awte-kāl

⇒ Prasuni: wūt-kal

Waigali: kāl

Pali: kāla

→ Khmer: កាល (kaal)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑀮 (kala), 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) (see there for further descendants)

→ Javanese: ꦏꦭ / kala

→ Malay: kala

Indonesian: kala

→ Tamil: காலம் (kālam), கால் (kāl)

→ Malayalam: കാലം (kālaṁ)

Of uncertain origin.
Perhaps an l-form of कार (kāra, “action”), taking "decisive action" as the connotation.
Alternatively, derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”); compare Proto-Slavic *vermę̀ (“period of time”) for a parallel semantic development from an earlier "turn" meaning (albeit from a different root).
Hirt compares this to Gothic 𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰 (ƕeila, “a while”), while Güntert compares this to Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “measure, time, season”), and takes the l-consonant in काल (kāla) as a preservation of a dialectal form in order to distinguish from कार (kāra).
Probably not a vṛddhi derivative of the root कल् (kal, “to calculate or enumerate”).

cog

उ॒त प्र॒हाम॑ति॒दीव्या॑ जयाति कृ॒तं यच्छ्व॒घ्नी वि॑चि॒नोति॑ का॒ले।
यो दे॒वका॑मो॒ न धना॑ रुणद्धि॒ समित्तं रा॒या सृ॑जति स्व॒धावा॑न्॥
utá prahā́matidī́vyā jayāti kṛtáṃ yácchvaghnī́ vicinóti kālé.

Having driven away the assailant, he triumphs; at the time of battle he selects his antagonist as does a gambler. The man who, desirous of gratifying the gods, withholds not his riches, him the powerful Indra associates with wealth.

yó devákāmo ná dhánā ruṇaddhi sámíttáṃ rāyā́ sṛjati svadhā́vān.

the proper time or season for (+genitive, dative, locative, in compound, infinitive, or subjunctive with यद् (yad)

a period of time, time of the world (युग (yuga))

कालोऽस्मि लोकक्षयकृत्प्रवृद्धो लोकान्समाहर्तुमिह प्रवृत्तः।
ऋतेऽपि त्वां न भविष्यन्ति सर्वे येऽवस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः
kāloʼsmi lokakṣayakṛtpravṛddho lokānsamāhartumiha pravṛttaḥ.

I am mighty time, the source of destruction that comes forth to annhilate the worlds.
Even without your participation, the warriors arrayed in the opposing army shall cease to exist.

ṛteʼpi tvāṃ na bhaviṣyanti sarve yeʼvasthitāḥ pratyanīkeṣu yodhāḥ

time (as destroying all things), death, time of death (often personified and represented with the attributes of Yama, regent of the dead, or even identified with him


करण

karaṇa (romanization)
करणम् (nominative singular)
करणे (dual nominative)
करणानि (nominative plural)
करणा1 (nominative plural)
करण (singular vocative)
करणे (dual vocative)
करणानि (plural vocative)
करणा1 (plural vocative)
करणम् (accusative singular)
करणे (accusative dual)
करणानि (accusative plural)
करणा1 (accusative plural)
करणेन (instrumental singular)
करणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
करणैः (instrumental plural)
करणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
करणाय (dative singular)
करणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
करणेभ्यः (dative plural)
करणात् (ablative singular)
करणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
करणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
करणस्य (genitive singular)
करणयोः (dual genitive)
करणानाम् (genitive plural)
करणे (locative singular)
करणयोः (dual locative)
करणेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: करण (karaṇ)

Pali: karaṇa

Derived from the root कृ (kṛ) + -अन (-ana).


राशि

rāśí (romanization)
राशिः (nominative singular)
राशी (dual nominative)
राशयः (nominative plural)
राशे (singular vocative)
राशी (dual vocative)
राशयः (plural vocative)
राशिम् (accusative singular)
राशी (accusative dual)
राशीन् (accusative plural)
राशिना (instrumental singular)
राश्या1 (instrumental singular)
राशिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राशिभिः (instrumental plural)
राशये (dative singular)
राशिभ्याम् (dative dual)
राशिभ्यः (dative plural)
राशेः (ablative singular)
राश्यः1 (ablative singular)
राशिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राशिभ्यः (ablative plural)
राशेः (genitive singular)
राश्यः1 (genitive singular)
राश्योः (dual genitive)
राशीनाम् (genitive plural)
राशौ (locative singular)
राशा1 (locative singular)
राश्योः (dual locative)
राशिषु (locative plural)
राशिः (nominative singular)
राशी (dual nominative)
राशयः (nominative plural)
राशे (singular vocative)
राशी (dual vocative)
राशयः (plural vocative)
राशिम् (accusative singular)
राशी (accusative dual)
राशीः (accusative plural)
राश्या (instrumental singular)
राशी1 (instrumental singular)
राशिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
राशिभिः (instrumental plural)
राशये (dative singular)
राश्यै2 (dative singular)
राशी1 (dative singular)
राशिभ्याम् (dative dual)
राशिभ्यः (dative plural)
राशेः (ablative singular)
राश्याः2 (ablative singular)
राश्यै3 (ablative singular)
राशिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
राशिभ्यः (ablative plural)
राशेः (genitive singular)
राश्याः2 (genitive singular)
राश्यै3 (genitive singular)
राश्योः (dual genitive)
राशीनाम् (genitive plural)
राशौ (locative singular)
राश्याम्2 (locative singular)
राशा1 (locative singular)
राश्योः (dual locative)
राशिषु (locative plural)

Pali: rāsi

→ Burmese: ရာသီ (rasi)

→ Thai: ราศี (raa-sǐi)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: રાસ (rās)

Hindustani:

Hindi: रास (rās)

Urdu: رَاس (rās)

Old Awadhi: रासी (rāsī, “heap”)

Dardic:

Khowar: رش (raš)

desc

Shina: لا (lā), [script needed] (laiε, “heap”)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bengali: রাস (raś), রাশি (raśi)

Bihari: रास (“heap of grain after winnowing”)

Maithili: रास (rās, “heap”), रासि (rāsɨ, “large milkpail”)

Odia: ରାସି (rāsi)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Garhwali: रास (rās)

Kumaoni: रास (rās)

Nepali: रास (rās)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: රැස (ræsa), රැහැ (ræhæ)

Dhivehi: ރެސް (res), ރާހި (rāhi)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Sindhi: rāhi

Arabic script: رَاهِ

Devanagari script: राहि

→ Khmer: រាសី (riəsəy)

→ Malayalam: രാശി (rāśi)

→ Tamil: இராசி (irāci)

→ Telugu: రాశి (rāśi)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *rāśíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rāćíš. The Indo-Iranian term is traditionally derived from *rać- (“to bind, tie”); however, this has been considered semantically dubious by linguists including Mayrhofer.
Nussbaum (2016) rejects a connection to *rać- (“to bind, tie”) and instead connects the Indo-Iranian term with Latin locuplēs (“wealthy”), reconstructing Proto-Indo-European *loḱis as ancestral to the two.

(arithmetic) a sum or the figure or figures put down for an operation (such as multiplying, dividing) (Col.)


ऋण

ṛṇá (romanization)
ऋणम् (nominative singular)
ऋणे (dual nominative)
ऋणानि (nominative plural)
ऋणा1 (nominative plural)
ऋण (singular vocative)
ऋणे (dual vocative)
ऋणानि (plural vocative)
ऋणा1 (plural vocative)
ऋणम् (accusative singular)
ऋणे (accusative dual)
ऋणानि (accusative plural)
ऋणा1 (accusative plural)
ऋणेन (instrumental singular)
ऋणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऋणैः (instrumental plural)
ऋणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ऋणाय (dative singular)
ऋणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऋणेभ्यः (dative plural)
ऋणात् (ablative singular)
ऋणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऋणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऋणस्य (genitive singular)
ऋणयोः (dual genitive)
ऋणानाम् (genitive plural)
ऋणे (locative singular)
ऋणयोः (dual locative)
ऋणेषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨀𐨁𐨣 (ina)

→ Gujarati: ઋણ (ŕṇa)

Marathi: ऋण (ŕṇ)

Pali: iṇa

→ Tamil: இரணம் (iraṇam), இருணம் (iruṇam), ரணம் (raṇam)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥nás, *Harnás (“debt, guilt”). Compare Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬝𐬹𐬗𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀 (ar^ənat̰ caēša, “punishing guilt”), Khotanese [script needed] (ārra, “fault”), and possibly Hittite [script needed] (ar-nu-, “to pay for debts, make up damage”).

cog

𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬝𐬹𐬗𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀


खिल

khila (romanization)
खिलः (nominative singular)
खिलौ (dual nominative)
खिला1 (dual nominative)
खिलाः (nominative plural)
खिलासः1 (nominative plural)
खिल (singular vocative)
खिलौ (dual vocative)
खिला1 (dual vocative)
खिलाः (plural vocative)
खिलासः1 (plural vocative)
खिलम् (accusative singular)
खिलौ (accusative dual)
खिला1 (accusative dual)
खिलान् (accusative plural)
खिलेन (instrumental singular)
खिलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खिलैः (instrumental plural)
खिलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
खिलाय (dative singular)
खिलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खिलेभ्यः (dative plural)
खिलात् (ablative singular)
खिलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खिलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
खिलस्य (genitive singular)
खिलयोः (dual genitive)
खिलानाम् (genitive plural)
खिले (locative singular)
खिलयोः (dual locative)
खिलेषु (locative plural)
खिलम् (nominative singular)
खिले (dual nominative)
खिलानि (nominative plural)
खिला1 (nominative plural)
खिल (singular vocative)
खिले (dual vocative)
खिलानि (plural vocative)
खिला1 (plural vocative)
खिलम् (accusative singular)
खिले (accusative dual)
खिलानि (accusative plural)
खिला1 (accusative plural)
खिलेन (instrumental singular)
खिलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खिलैः (instrumental plural)
खिलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
खिलाय (dative singular)
खिलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खिलेभ्यः (dative plural)
खिलात् (ablative singular)
खिलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खिलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
खिलस्य (genitive singular)
खिलयोः (dual genitive)
खिलानाम् (genitive plural)
खिले (locative singular)
खिलयोः (dual locative)
खिलेषु (locative plural)

(mathematics) an insolvable problem (Gol.)


पिण्ड

píṇḍa (romanization)
पिण्डः (nominative singular)
पिण्डौ (dual nominative)
पिण्डा1 (dual nominative)
पिण्डाः (nominative plural)
पिण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
पिण्ड (singular vocative)
पिण्डौ (dual vocative)
पिण्डा1 (dual vocative)
पिण्डाः (plural vocative)
पिण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
पिण्डम् (accusative singular)
पिण्डौ (accusative dual)
पिण्डा1 (accusative dual)
पिण्डान् (accusative plural)
पिण्डेन (instrumental singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पिण्डैः (instrumental plural)
पिण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पिण्डाय (dative singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पिण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
पिण्डात् (ablative singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पिण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पिण्डस्य (genitive singular)
पिण्डयोः (dual genitive)
पिण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
पिण्डे (locative singular)
पिण्डयोः (dual locative)
पिण्डेषु (locative plural)
पिण्डम् (nominative singular)
पिण्डे (dual nominative)
पिण्डानि (nominative plural)
पिण्डा1 (nominative plural)
पिण्ड (singular vocative)
पिण्डे (dual vocative)
पिण्डानि (plural vocative)
पिण्डा1 (plural vocative)
पिण्डम् (accusative singular)
पिण्डे (accusative dual)
पिण्डानि (accusative plural)
पिण्डा1 (accusative plural)
पिण्डेन (instrumental singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पिण्डैः (instrumental plural)
पिण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पिण्डाय (dative singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पिण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
पिण्डात् (ablative singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पिण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पिण्डस्य (genitive singular)
पिण्डयोः (dual genitive)
पिण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
पिण्डे (locative singular)
पिण्डयोः (dual locative)
पिण्डेषु (locative plural)

Romani: punro, pinro, pirro

→ Khotanese: piṇḍaa- (“lump”)

→ Iranian:

desc

→ Old Armenian: պինդ (pind, “firm, dense, tight, strong”)

Due to the diverse phonetic variation in the word's relatives in modern Indo-Aryan, Turner considers the word to be borrowed from Dravidian (compare Tamil பிழி (piḻi, “squeeze”), Tamil பிண்டம் (piṇṭam, “what is squeezed”) from past *piẓi-nt- ‘squeeze’).


प्रकृति

prakṛti (romanization)
प्रकृतिः (nominative singular)
प्रकृती (dual nominative)
प्रकृतयः (nominative plural)
प्रकृते (singular vocative)
प्रकृती (dual vocative)
प्रकृतयः (plural vocative)
प्रकृतिम् (accusative singular)
प्रकृती (accusative dual)
प्रकृतीः (accusative plural)
प्रकृत्या (instrumental singular)
प्रकृती1 (instrumental singular)
प्रकृतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रकृतिभिः (instrumental plural)
प्रकृतये (dative singular)
प्रकृत्यै2 (dative singular)
प्रकृती1 (dative singular)
प्रकृतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रकृतिभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रकृतेः (ablative singular)
प्रकृत्याः2 (ablative singular)
प्रकृत्यै3 (ablative singular)
प्रकृतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रकृतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रकृतेः (genitive singular)
प्रकृत्याः2 (genitive singular)
प्रकृत्यै3 (genitive singular)
प्रकृत्योः (dual genitive)
प्रकृतीनाम् (genitive plural)
प्रकृतौ (locative singular)
प्रकृत्याम्2 (locative singular)
प्रकृता1 (locative singular)
प्रकृत्योः (dual locative)
प्रकृतिषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: প্রকৃতি (prokriti)

→ Hindi: प्रकृति (prakŕti)

→ Kannada: ಪ್ರಕೃತಿ (prakṛti)

→ Malayalam: പ്രകൃതി (prakr̥ti)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: prakṛti
> Javanese: ꦥꦏꦼꦂꦠꦶ (pakerti) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: pekerti

→ Tamil: பிரகிருதி (pirakiruti)

→ Telugu: ప్రకృతి (prakr̥ti)

From प्र- (pra-, “pro-”) + कृति (kṛ́ti, “creating”).


केन्द्र

kendra (romanization)
केन्द्रम् (nominative singular)
केन्द्रे (dual nominative)
केन्द्राणि (nominative plural)
केन्द्र (singular vocative)
केन्द्रे (dual vocative)
केन्द्राणि (plural vocative)
केन्द्रम् (accusative singular)
केन्द्रे (accusative dual)
केन्द्राणि (accusative plural)
केन्द्रेण (instrumental singular)
केन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
केन्द्रैः (instrumental plural)
केन्द्राय (dative singular)
केन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
केन्द्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
केन्द्रात् (ablative singular)
केन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
केन्द्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
केन्द्रस्य (genitive singular)
केन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
केन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
केन्द्रे (locative singular)
केन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
केन्द्रेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: কেন্দ্ৰ (kendro)

→ Bengali: কেন্দ্র (kendro)

→ Burmese: ကိန်း (kin:)

→ Hindi: केंद्र (kendra)

→ Konkani: केंद्र (kendra)

→ Marathi: केंद्र (kendra)

→ Nepali: केन्द्र (kendra)

→ Odia: କେନ୍ଦ୍ର (kendra)

→ Punjabi: ਕੇਂਦਰ (kendar)

→ Tamil: கேந்திரம் (kēntiram)

→ Telugu: కేంద్రము (kēndramu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱent-der.
Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron)bor.
Sanskrit केन्द्र (kendra)
Borrowed from Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron).

etymon

first, fourth, seventh, or tenth lunar mansion (VarBṛ., VarBṛS.)


पीठ

pīṭha (romanization)
पीठम् (nominative singular)
पीठे (dual nominative)
पीठानि (nominative plural)
पीठा1 (nominative plural)
पीठ (singular vocative)
पीठे (dual vocative)
पीठानि (plural vocative)
पीठा1 (plural vocative)
पीठम् (accusative singular)
पीठे (accusative dual)
पीठानि (accusative plural)
पीठा1 (accusative plural)
पीठेन (instrumental singular)
पीठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पीठैः (instrumental plural)
पीठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पीठाय (dative singular)
पीठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पीठेभ्यः (dative plural)
पीठात् (ablative singular)
पीठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पीठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पीठस्य (genitive singular)
पीठयोः (dual genitive)
पीठानाम् (genitive plural)
पीठे (locative singular)
पीठयोः (dual locative)
पीठेषु (locative plural)

Pali: pīṭha

→ Hindi: पीठ (pīṭh) (learned)

→ Telugu: పీఠము (pīṭhamu) (learned)

Likely a substrate borrowing, as evidenced by phonetic variants which were precursors to derivatives in modern descendants.


दृढ

dṛḍhá (romanization)
दृढः (nominative singular)
दृढौ (dual nominative)
दृढा1 (dual nominative)
दृढाः (nominative plural)
दृढासः1 (nominative plural)
दृढ (singular vocative)
दृढौ (dual vocative)
दृढा1 (dual vocative)
दृढाः (plural vocative)
दृढासः1 (plural vocative)
दृढम् (accusative singular)
दृढौ (accusative dual)
दृढा1 (accusative dual)
दृढान् (accusative plural)
दृढेन (instrumental singular)
दृढाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दृढैः (instrumental plural)
दृढेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दृढाय (dative singular)
दृढाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दृढेभ्यः (dative plural)
दृढात् (ablative singular)
दृढाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दृढेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दृढस्य (genitive singular)
दृढयोः (dual genitive)
दृढानाम् (genitive plural)
दृढे (locative singular)
दृढयोः (dual locative)
दृढेषु (locative plural)
दृढा (nominative singular)
दृढे (dual nominative)
दृढाः (nominative plural)
दृढे (singular vocative)
दृढे (dual vocative)
दृढाः (plural vocative)
दृढाम् (accusative singular)
दृढे (accusative dual)
दृढाः (accusative plural)
दृढया (instrumental singular)
दृढा1 (instrumental singular)
दृढाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दृढाभिः (instrumental plural)
दृढायै (dative singular)
दृढाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दृढाभ्यः (dative plural)
दृढायाः (ablative singular)
दृढायै2 (ablative singular)
दृढाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दृढाभ्यः (ablative plural)
दृढायाः (genitive singular)
दृढायै2 (genitive singular)
दृढयोः (dual genitive)
दृढानाम् (genitive plural)
दृढायाम् (locative singular)
दृढयोः (dual locative)
दृढासु (locative plural)
दृढम् (nominative singular)
दृढे (dual nominative)
दृढानि (nominative plural)
दृढा1 (nominative plural)
दृढ (singular vocative)
दृढे (dual vocative)
दृढानि (plural vocative)
दृढा1 (plural vocative)
दृढम् (accusative singular)
दृढे (accusative dual)
दृढानि (accusative plural)
दृढा1 (accusative plural)
दृढेन (instrumental singular)
दृढाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दृढैः (instrumental plural)
दृढेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दृढाय (dative singular)
दृढाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दृढेभ्यः (dative plural)
दृढात् (ablative singular)
दृढाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दृढेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दृढस्य (genitive singular)
दृढयोः (dual genitive)
दृढानाम् (genitive plural)
दृढे (locative singular)
दृढयोः (dual locative)
दृढेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀤𑀠 (daḍha)
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀤𑀠 (daḍha)
Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀤𑀠 (daḍha)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀤𑀠 (daḍha)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀤𑀠 (daḍha)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀤𑀺𑀠 (diḍha)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀤𑀺𑀠 (diḍha)
Hindi: दिढ़ (diṛh)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨡𐨿𐨪𐨁𐨝 (driḍha)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਦ੍ਰਿੜ (driṛ), ਦ੍ਰਿੜ੍ਹ (driṛh)

→ Hindi: दृढ़ (dŕṛh)

→ Bengali: দৃঢ় (driṛh)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dr̥ẓḍʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰr̥ždʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰr̥ǵʰ-tó-s (“strong, firm, hard”), from *dʰerǵʰ- (“to be firm, strong, tough, hard”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic дръжати (drŭžati, “to hold”), Lithuanian dir̃žti (“to harden, become tough”), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (dar^əzaiieⁱti, “to attach”), English dry. The Sanskrit root is दृह् (dṛh) or दृंह् (dṛṃh).

cog

𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌

(mathematics) reduced to the last term or smallest number by a common divisor


शून्य

śūnyá (romanization)
शून्यम् (nominative singular)
शून्ये (dual nominative)
शून्यानि (nominative plural)
शून्या1 (nominative plural)
शून्य (singular vocative)
शून्ये (dual vocative)
शून्यानि (plural vocative)
शून्या1 (plural vocative)
शून्यम् (accusative singular)
शून्ये (accusative dual)
शून्यानि (accusative plural)
शून्या1 (accusative plural)
शून्येन (instrumental singular)
शून्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शून्यैः (instrumental plural)
शून्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शून्याय (dative singular)
शून्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
शून्येभ्यः (dative plural)
शून्यात् (ablative singular)
शून्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शून्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
शून्यस्य (genitive singular)
शून्ययोः (dual genitive)
शून्यानाम् (genitive plural)
शून्ये (locative singular)
शून्ययोः (dual locative)
शून्येषु (locative plural)

Formed from Proto-Indo-European *ḱówH- (“hollow”), related to Latin cavus (“hollow”), as well as Ancient Greek κύαρ (kúar, “eye of a needle, earhole”) and Tocharian B kor (“throat”).


खण्ड

khaṇḍa (romanization)
खण्डः (nominative singular)
खण्डौ (dual nominative)
खण्डा1 (dual nominative)
खण्डाः (nominative plural)
खण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
खण्ड (singular vocative)
खण्डौ (dual vocative)
खण्डा1 (dual vocative)
खण्डाः (plural vocative)
खण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
खण्डम् (accusative singular)
खण्डौ (accusative dual)
खण्डा1 (accusative dual)
खण्डान् (accusative plural)
खण्डेन (instrumental singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खण्डैः (instrumental plural)
खण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
खण्डाय (dative singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
खण्डात् (ablative singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
खण्डस्य (genitive singular)
खण्डयोः (dual genitive)
खण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
खण्डे (locative singular)
खण्डयोः (dual locative)
खण्डेषु (locative plural)
खण्डम् (nominative singular)
खण्डे (dual nominative)
खण्डानि (nominative plural)
खण्डा1 (nominative plural)
खण्ड (singular vocative)
खण्डे (dual vocative)
खण्डानि (plural vocative)
खण्डा1 (plural vocative)
खण्डम् (accusative singular)
खण्डे (accusative dual)
खण्डानि (accusative plural)
खण्डा1 (accusative plural)
खण्डेन (instrumental singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
खण्डैः (instrumental plural)
खण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
खण्डाय (dative singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
खण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
खण्डात् (ablative singular)
खण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
खण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
खण्डस्य (genitive singular)
खण्डयोः (dual genitive)
खण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
खण्डे (locative singular)
खण्डयोः (dual locative)
खण्डेषु (locative plural)

An internally-derived word, likely of non-Indo-European, probably Dravidian origin; compare Tamil கண்டு (kaṇṭu, “hard candy”), கண்டம் (kaṇṭam, “piece, part”), Tamil கட்டு (kaṭṭu, “to harden, condense”), Tamil கண்டி (kaṇṭi, “to cut”). Watkins instead suggests a borrowing from Munda, while Mayrhofer mentions a potential connection to क्षद् (kṣad, “to cut, carve”).


धन

dhána (romanization)
धनम् (nominative singular)
धने (dual nominative)
धनानि (nominative plural)
धना1 (nominative plural)
धन (singular vocative)
धने (dual vocative)
धनानि (plural vocative)
धना1 (plural vocative)
धनम् (accusative singular)
धने (accusative dual)
धनानि (accusative plural)
धना1 (accusative plural)
धनेन (instrumental singular)
धनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धनैः (instrumental plural)
धनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
धनाय (dative singular)
धनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
धनेभ्यः (dative plural)
धनात् (ablative singular)
धनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
धनस्य (genitive singular)
धनयोः (dual genitive)
धनानाम् (genitive plural)
धने (locative singular)
धनयोः (dual locative)
धनेषु (locative plural)

Pali: dhana

Prakrit: 𑀥𑀡 (dhaṇa)

→ Bengali: ধন (dhon)

→ Hindi: धन (dhan)

→ Malay: dana

Indonesian: dana

→ Punjabi: ਧਨ (dhan)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰenh₂-
Sanskrit धन् (dhan)
Sanskrit धन (dhana)
The term has been derived from the root धन् (dhan, “to run, move quickly”). In a literal sense, it refers to a running race, but came to mean any contest or strife as a result of semantic generalization. By further extension, it connotes anything that is contested or striven for, viz. prize, booty, wealth, treasure. The root धन् (dhan) is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰanH-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰenh₂- (“to run, flow”).

der

(arithmetic) affirmative quantity, plus; addition


बाहु

bāhú (romanization)
बाहुः (nominative singular)
बाहू (dual nominative)
बाहवः (nominative plural)
बाहो (singular vocative)
बाहू (dual vocative)
बाहवः (plural vocative)
बाहुम् (accusative singular)
बाहू (accusative dual)
बाहून् (accusative plural)
बाहुना (instrumental singular)
बाह्वा1 (instrumental singular)
बाहुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बाहुभिः (instrumental plural)
बाहवे (dative singular)
बाह्वे1 (dative singular)
बाहुभ्याम् (dative dual)
बाहुभ्यः (dative plural)
बाहोः (ablative singular)
बाह्वः1 (ablative singular)
बाहुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बाहुभ्यः (ablative plural)
बाहोः (genitive singular)
बाह्वः1 (genitive singular)
बाह्वोः (dual genitive)
बाहूनाम् (genitive plural)
बाहौ (locative singular)
बाह्वोः (dual locative)
बाहुषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: बाऊ (bāū)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: বাহু (bahu)

Bengali: বাহু (bahu)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀩𑀸𑀳𑀼 (bāhu)

Pali: bāhu
→ Thai: พาหุ (paa-hù)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀩𑀸𑀳 (bāha)

Gujarati: બાંય (bā̃ya)

Hindi: बाँह (bā̃h)

Urdu: بان٘ہہ (bāṉh)

Punjabi: ਬਾਂਹ (bā̃h)

Romani: baj (“sleeve”)

→ Malay: bahu

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰaHȷ́ʰúš (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰús (“arm”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬁𐬰𐬎 (bāzu), Old Persian 𐎲𐎠𐏀𐎢 (b-a-z-u /bāzu/), (whence Persian بازو (bâzu)), Ancient Greek πῆχυς (pêkhus, “forearm”), Old English bōg (whence English bough).

(geometry) the side of an angular figure, (especially) the base of a right-angled triangle


ज्या

jyā́ (romanization)
ज्या (nominative singular)
ज्ये (dual nominative)
ज्याः (nominative plural)
ज्ये (singular vocative)
ज्ये (dual vocative)
ज्याः (plural vocative)
ज्याम् (accusative singular)
ज्ये (accusative dual)
ज्याः (accusative plural)
ज्यया (instrumental singular)
ज्या1 (instrumental singular)
ज्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ज्याभिः (instrumental plural)
ज्यायै (dative singular)
ज्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
ज्याभ्यः (dative plural)
ज्यायाः (ablative singular)
ज्यायै2 (ablative singular)
ज्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ज्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
ज्यायाः (genitive singular)
ज्यायै2 (genitive singular)
ज्ययोः (dual genitive)
ज्यानाम् (genitive plural)
ज्यायाम् (locative singular)
ज्ययोः (dual locative)
ज्यासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: ǰi

Pali: jiyā

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰyáH, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷyéH (“bow-string, string”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬘𐬌𐬌𐬁 (jiiā), Persian زه (zeh), Ancient Greek βιός (biós, “bow-string, tendon”), Middle Welsh gieu (“tendon”).


हति

hati (romanization)
हतिः (nominative singular)
हती (dual nominative)
हतयः (nominative plural)
हते (singular vocative)
हती (dual vocative)
हतयः (plural vocative)
हतिम् (accusative singular)
हती (accusative dual)
हतीः (accusative plural)
हत्या (instrumental singular)
हती1 (instrumental singular)
हतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हतिभिः (instrumental plural)
हतये (dative singular)
हत्यै2 (dative singular)
हती1 (dative singular)
हतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
हतिभ्यः (dative plural)
हतेः (ablative singular)
हत्याः2 (ablative singular)
हत्यै3 (ablative singular)
हतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
हतेः (genitive singular)
हत्याः2 (genitive singular)
हत्यै3 (genitive singular)
हत्योः (dual genitive)
हतीनाम् (genitive plural)
हतौ (locative singular)
हत्याम्2 (locative singular)
हता1 (locative singular)
हत्योः (dual locative)
हतिषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰátiṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰʰátiš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰéntis, from *gʷʰen- (“to strike, slay”). Equivalent to हन् (han, “to kill”, root) + -ति (-ti).


लम्ब

lamba (romanization)
लम्बः (nominative singular)
लम्बौ (dual nominative)
लम्बा1 (dual nominative)
लम्बाः (nominative plural)
लम्बासः1 (nominative plural)
लम्ब (singular vocative)
लम्बौ (dual vocative)
लम्बा1 (dual vocative)
लम्बाः (plural vocative)
लम्बासः1 (plural vocative)
लम्बम् (accusative singular)
लम्बौ (accusative dual)
लम्बा1 (accusative dual)
लम्बान् (accusative plural)
लम्बेन (instrumental singular)
लम्बाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लम्बैः (instrumental plural)
लम्बेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लम्बाय (dative singular)
लम्बाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लम्बेभ्यः (dative plural)
लम्बात् (ablative singular)
लम्बाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लम्बेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लम्बस्य (genitive singular)
लम्बयोः (dual genitive)
लम्बानाम् (genitive plural)
लम्बे (locative singular)
लम्बयोः (dual locative)
लम्बेषु (locative plural)

→ Telugu: లంబము (lambamu)


व्यास

Telugu: వ్యాసము (vyāsamu)

(geometry) width, breadth, the diameter of a circle


संक्रमण

saṃkrámaṇa (romanization)
संक्रमणम् (nominative singular)
संक्रमणे (dual nominative)
संक्रमणानि (nominative plural)
संक्रमणा1 (nominative plural)
संक्रमण (singular vocative)
संक्रमणे (dual vocative)
संक्रमणानि (plural vocative)
संक्रमणा1 (plural vocative)
संक्रमणम् (accusative singular)
संक्रमणे (accusative dual)
संक्रमणानि (accusative plural)
संक्रमणा1 (accusative plural)
संक्रमणेन (instrumental singular)
संक्रमणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संक्रमणैः (instrumental plural)
संक्रमणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
संक्रमणाय (dative singular)
संक्रमणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
संक्रमणेभ्यः (dative plural)
संक्रमणात् (ablative singular)
संक्रमणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संक्रमणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
संक्रमणस्य (genitive singular)
संक्रमणयोः (dual genitive)
संक्रमणानाम् (genitive plural)
संक्रमणे (locative singular)
संक्रमणयोः (dual locative)
संक्रमणेषु (locative plural)

/sɐŋ.kɾɐ́.mɐ.ɳɐ/

/ˈs̪ɐŋ.kɾɐ.mɐ.ɳɐ/

From सम्- (sam-) + क्रम् (kram) + -अन (-ana).

(algebra, mathematics) concurrence (said to be a general designation of a particular class of problems)


भाजन

bhā́jana (romanization)
भाजनम् (nominative singular)
भाजने (dual nominative)
भाजनानि (nominative plural)
भाजना1 (nominative plural)
भाजन (singular vocative)
भाजने (dual vocative)
भाजनानि (plural vocative)
भाजना1 (plural vocative)
भाजनम् (accusative singular)
भाजने (accusative dual)
भाजनानि (accusative plural)
भाजना1 (accusative plural)
भाजनेन (instrumental singular)
भाजनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भाजनैः (instrumental plural)
भाजनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भाजनाय (dative singular)
भाजनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भाजनेभ्यः (dative plural)
भाजनात् (ablative singular)
भाजनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भाजनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भाजनस्य (genitive singular)
भाजनयोः (dual genitive)
भाजनानाम् (genitive plural)
भाजने (locative singular)
भाजनयोः (dual locative)
भाजनेषु (locative plural)

Pali: bhājana

desc

Lao: ພາຊະນະ (phā sa na), ພາດຊະນະ (phāt sa na)

Thai: ภาชนะ (paa-chá-ná)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: भाजन (bhājan)

Urdu: بَھاجَن (bhājan)

→ Tocharian B: bhājaṃ (learned)

→ Tocharian B: kuntipaśaṃ (learned) (compound)

/bʱɑ́ː.d͡ʑɐ.nɐ/

/ˈbʱɑː.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/


बीजगणित

bī́jagaṇita (romanization)
बीजगणितम् (nominative singular)
बीजगणिते (dual nominative)
बीजगणितानि (nominative plural)
बीजगणिता1 (nominative plural)
बीजगणित (singular vocative)
बीजगणिते (dual vocative)
बीजगणितानि (plural vocative)
बीजगणिता1 (plural vocative)
बीजगणितम् (accusative singular)
बीजगणिते (accusative dual)
बीजगणितानि (accusative plural)
बीजगणिता1 (accusative plural)
बीजगणितेन (instrumental singular)
बीजगणिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बीजगणितैः (instrumental plural)
बीजगणितेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बीजगणिताय (dative singular)
बीजगणिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
बीजगणितेभ्यः (dative plural)
बीजगणितात् (ablative singular)
बीजगणिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बीजगणितेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बीजगणितस्य (genitive singular)
बीजगणितयोः (dual genitive)
बीजगणितानाम् (genitive plural)
बीजगणिते (locative singular)
बीजगणितयोः (dual locative)
बीजगणितेषु (locative plural)

→ Khmer: ពីជគណិត (piicĕəʼkĕəʼnət)

→ Khmer: ពីជគណិត (piicĕəʼkĕəʼnət)

/biːˈd͡ʑɐ.ɡɐ.ɳi.t̪ɐ/


गणन

gaṇana (romanization)
गणनम् (nominative singular)
गणने (dual nominative)
गणनानि (nominative plural)
गणना1 (nominative plural)
गणन (singular vocative)
गणने (dual vocative)
गणनानि (plural vocative)
गणना1 (plural vocative)
गणनम् (accusative singular)
गणने (accusative dual)
गणनानि (accusative plural)
गणना1 (accusative plural)
गणनेन (instrumental singular)
गणनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गणनैः (instrumental plural)
गणनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गणनाय (dative singular)
गणनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गणनेभ्यः (dative plural)
गणनात् (ablative singular)
गणनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गणनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गणनस्य (genitive singular)
गणनयोः (dual genitive)
गणनानाम् (genitive plural)
गणने (locative singular)
गणनयोः (dual locative)
गणनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈɡɐ.ɳɐ.n̪ɐ/

From the root गण् (gaṇ, “to calculate, count”) + -अन (-ana).


अभ्यास

desctree

→ Old Javanese: abhyāsa, bhyāsa, byasa
>? Javanese: ꦧꦶꦱ (bisa)
→ Malay: بياسا (biasa)
> Indonesian: biasa (inherited)

From the root अभ्यस् (abhyas, “to concentrate on, repeat, practice”).

/ɐbʱˈjɑː.s̪ɐ/


तावत्

head

तावत् • (tāvat)

sa-adv

तावत् • (tāvat)

Pali: tāva

/ˈt̪ɑː.ʋɐt̪/

From Proto-Indo-European *teh₂wot. Compare Ancient Greek τῆος (têos) / τέως (téōs, “so long”), Latin tantus (“so much, so great”).


क्षय

kṣayá (romanization)
क्षयः (nominative singular)
क्षयौ (dual nominative)
क्षया1 (dual nominative)
क्षयाः (nominative plural)
क्षयासः1 (nominative plural)
क्षय (singular vocative)
क्षयौ (dual vocative)
क्षया1 (dual vocative)
क्षयाः (plural vocative)
क्षयासः1 (plural vocative)
क्षयम् (accusative singular)
क्षयौ (accusative dual)
क्षया1 (accusative dual)
क्षयान् (accusative plural)
क्षयेण (instrumental singular)
क्षयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
क्षयैः (instrumental plural)
क्षयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
क्षयाय (dative singular)
क्षयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
क्षयेभ्यः (dative plural)
क्षयात् (ablative singular)
क्षयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
क्षयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
क्षयस्य (genitive singular)
क्षययोः (dual genitive)
क्षयाणाम् (genitive plural)
क्षये (locative singular)
क्षययोः (dual locative)
क्षयेषु (locative plural)

→ Old Marathi: क्षय (kṣaya)

→ Marathi: क्षय (kṣay)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਖੈ (khai)

Pali: khaya (“decay, ruin”)

→ Thai: ขยะ (kà-yà, “rubbish”)

Prakrit khaya

→ Tamil: கயம் (kayam)

Assamese: ক্ষয় (khoy) / খয় (khoy)

Bengali: ক্ষয় (khoẏ)

Konkani: क्षय (kṣay)

Nepali: क्षय (kṣaya)

Odia: କ୍ଷୟ (kshaya)

Marwari: खे (khe)

Sindhi: کَيِٴ

Hindi: खै (khai)

→ Telugu: క్షయ (kṣaya)

→ Kannada: ಕ್ಷಯ (kṣaya)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gẓʰayás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gžʰayás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to perish, decline”). Cognate with Ancient Greek φθῐ́σῐς (phthĭ́sĭs, “decline, atrophy”), Latin situs (“decay, filth; neglect”) Old English dwīnan (whence English dwindle).


रेखागणित

rekhāgaṇita (romanization)
रेखागणितम् (nominative singular)
रेखागणिते (dual nominative)
रेखागणितानि (nominative plural)
रेखागणिता1 (nominative plural)
रेखागणित (singular vocative)
रेखागणिते (dual vocative)
रेखागणितानि (plural vocative)
रेखागणिता1 (plural vocative)
रेखागणितम् (accusative singular)
रेखागणिते (accusative dual)
रेखागणितानि (accusative plural)
रेखागणिता1 (accusative plural)
रेखागणितेन (instrumental singular)
रेखागणिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रेखागणितैः (instrumental plural)
रेखागणितेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रेखागणिताय (dative singular)
रेखागणिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
रेखागणितेभ्यः (dative plural)
रेखागणितात् (ablative singular)
रेखागणिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रेखागणितेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रेखागणितस्य (genitive singular)
रेखागणितयोः (dual genitive)
रेखागणितानाम् (genitive plural)
रेखागणिते (locative singular)
रेखागणितयोः (dual locative)
रेखागणितेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: रेखागणित (rekhāgṇit) (learned)

→ Khmer: រេខាគណិត (reikhaakĕəʼnət)

desc

→ Lao: ເຣຂາຄະນິດ (rē khā kha nit), ເລຂາຄະນິດ (lē khā kha nit)

→ Marathi: रेखागणित (rekhāgṇit) (learned)

→ Thai: เรขาคณิต (ree-kǎa-ká-nít)

/ɾeːˈkʰɑː.ɡɐ.ɳi.t̪ɐ/

रेखा (rekhā, “line”) + गणित (gaṇita, “math”).


हत

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰatás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰʰatás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰn̥-tó-s, from *gʷʰen- (“to kill”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬘𐬀𐬙𐬋 (jatō), Old Persian 𐎩𐎫 (jatáʰ), Ancient Greek φατός (phatós).


मूर्धन्

mūrdhán (romanization)
मूर्धा (nominative singular)
मूर्धानौ (dual nominative)
मूर्धाना1 (dual nominative)
मूर्धानः (nominative plural)
मूर्धन् (singular vocative)
मूर्धानौ (dual vocative)
मूर्धाना1 (dual vocative)
मूर्धानः (plural vocative)
मूर्धानम् (accusative singular)
मूर्धानौ (accusative dual)
मूर्धाना1 (accusative dual)
मूर्ध्नः (accusative plural)
मूर्ध्ना (instrumental singular)
मूर्धभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मूर्धभिः (instrumental plural)
मूर्ध्ने (dative singular)
मूर्धभ्याम् (dative dual)
मूर्धभ्यः (dative plural)
मूर्ध्नः (ablative singular)
मूर्धभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मूर्धभ्यः (ablative plural)
मूर्ध्नः (genitive singular)
मूर्ध्नोः (dual genitive)
मूर्ध्नाम् (genitive plural)
मूर्ध्नि (locative singular)
मूर्धनि (locative singular)
मूर्धन्1 (locative singular)
मूर्ध्नोः (dual locative)
मूर्धसु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Chilisso: [script needed] (mudə)

desc

Grangali: [script needed] (mūndə, “neck”)

Kalasha: mọn

Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (muda, “upwards”)

Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (mundā)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: මුදුන (muduna)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (muḍḍha), 𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (muddha)

Assamese: মূধ (mudh, “ridge of the roof”)

Old Bengali: মোঢ (moḍha)

Middle Bengali: মোঢ় (mōṛh)

Bengali: মোড় (mōṛ, “roadhead”)

Bengali: মউড়া (mouṛa, “forefront”)

Bengali: মুড়ো (muṛō, “terminal”)

Bihari: मूढ (mūṛh, “root of sugarcane”)

Maithili: मुड (mūṛ)

Odia: ମୁଣ୍ଡ (muṇḍa)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (muḍḍha), 𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (muddha)

Marathi: मुंढी (muṇḍhī)

Pali: muddhan

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (muḍḍha), 𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (muddha)

Garhwali: मुंड (muṇḍ)

Gujarati: મંડી (maṇḍī)

Hindustani:

Hindi: मुढ (muḍh)

Kumaoni: मुंड (muṇḍ)

Nepali: मुंड (muṇḍa)

Punjabi: ਮੁੱਢ (muḍḍha), ਮੁੰਢ (muṇḍh)

Sindhi: मुण्ढु (muṇḍhu), मुण्ढी f (muṇḍhī)

/ˈmuːɾ.d̪ʱɐn̪/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰṓ
Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥Hdʰā́
Sanskrit मूर्धन् (mūrdhan)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *mr̥Hdʰā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥Hdʰā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰṓ. Cognate with Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (kamər^əδa, “head”), Old English molda, Tocharian A malto (“firstly”), and perhaps Ancient Greek βλωθρός (blōthrós, “high (of trees)”).


आकृति

ā́kṛti (romanization)
आकृतिः (nominative singular)
आकृती (dual nominative)
आकृतयः (nominative plural)
आकृते (singular vocative)
आकृती (dual vocative)
आकृतयः (plural vocative)
आकृतिम् (accusative singular)
आकृती (accusative dual)
आकृतीः (accusative plural)
आकृत्या (instrumental singular)
आकृती1 (instrumental singular)
आकृतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आकृतिभिः (instrumental plural)
आकृतये (dative singular)
आकृत्यै2 (dative singular)
आकृती1 (dative singular)
आकृतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
आकृतिभ्यः (dative plural)
आकृतेः (ablative singular)
आकृत्याः2 (ablative singular)
आकृत्यै3 (ablative singular)
आकृतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आकृतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
आकृतेः (genitive singular)
आकृत्याः2 (genitive singular)
आकृत्यै3 (genitive singular)
आकृत्योः (dual genitive)
आकृतीनाम् (genitive plural)
आकृतौ (locative singular)
आकृत्याम्2 (locative singular)
आकृता1 (locative singular)
आकृत्योः (dual locative)
आकृतिषु (locative plural)


दृश्य

dṛ́śya (romanization)
दृश्यः (nominative singular)
दृश्यौ (dual nominative)
दृश्या1 (dual nominative)
दृश्याः (nominative plural)
दृश्यासः1 (nominative plural)
दृश्य (singular vocative)
दृश्यौ (dual vocative)
दृश्या1 (dual vocative)
दृश्याः (plural vocative)
दृश्यासः1 (plural vocative)
दृश्यम् (accusative singular)
दृश्यौ (accusative dual)
दृश्या1 (accusative dual)
दृश्यान् (accusative plural)
दृश्येन (instrumental singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दृश्यैः (instrumental plural)
दृश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दृश्याय (dative singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
दृश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
दृश्यात् (ablative singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दृश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
दृश्यस्य (genitive singular)
दृश्ययोः (dual genitive)
दृश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
दृश्ये (locative singular)
दृश्ययोः (dual locative)
दृश्येषु (locative plural)
दृश्यम् (nominative singular)
दृश्ये (dual nominative)
दृश्यानि (nominative plural)
दृश्या1 (nominative plural)
दृश्य (singular vocative)
दृश्ये (dual vocative)
दृश्यानि (plural vocative)
दृश्या1 (plural vocative)
दृश्यम् (accusative singular)
दृश्ये (accusative dual)
दृश्यानि (accusative plural)
दृश्या1 (accusative plural)
दृश्येन (instrumental singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दृश्यैः (instrumental plural)
दृश्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दृश्याय (dative singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
दृश्येभ्यः (dative plural)
दृश्यात् (ablative singular)
दृश्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दृश्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
दृश्यस्य (genitive singular)
दृश्ययोः (dual genitive)
दृश्यानाम् (genitive plural)
दृश्ये (locative singular)
दृश्ययोः (dual locative)
दृश्येषु (locative plural)

From the root दृश् (dṛś, “to see”) + -य (-ya).


वितस्ति

वित॑स्ति (canonical)
vítasti (romanization)
वितस्तिः (nominative singular)
वितस्ती (dual nominative)
वितस्तयः (nominative plural)
वितस्ते (singular vocative)
वितस्ती (dual vocative)
वितस्तयः (plural vocative)
वितस्तिम् (accusative singular)
वितस्ती (accusative dual)
वितस्तीः (accusative plural)
वितस्त्या (instrumental singular)
वितस्ती1 (instrumental singular)
वितस्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वितस्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
वितस्तये (dative singular)
वितस्त्यै2 (dative singular)
वितस्ती1 (dative singular)
वितस्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वितस्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
वितस्तेः (ablative singular)
वितस्त्याः2 (ablative singular)
वितस्त्यै3 (ablative singular)
वितस्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वितस्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वितस्तेः (genitive singular)
वितस्त्याः2 (genitive singular)
वितस्त्यै3 (genitive singular)
वितस्त्योः (dual genitive)
वितस्तीनाम् (genitive plural)
वितस्तौ (locative singular)
वितस्त्याम्2 (locative singular)
वितस्ता1 (locative singular)
वितस्त्योः (dual locative)
वितस्तिषु (locative plural)

desctree

Pali: vidatthi
→ Sinhalese: විදත්ථිය (widatthiya)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (vihatthi), *𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (*vitti) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

→ Pashto: [script needed] (viōšta) — Waziri

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *wítastiš
Sanskrit वित॑स्ति (vítasti)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *wítastiṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wítastiš. Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬙𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬌 (vītasti), Pashto ولېشت (wlešt), Persian بدست (bedast).

etymon

वित॑स्ति

inh+

c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa

a particular measure of length, defined as the long span between the extended thumb and the little finger or as the distance between the wrist and the fingertips


विभाजन

vibhājana (romanization)
विभाजनम् (nominative singular)
विभाजने (dual nominative)
विभाजनानि (nominative plural)
विभाजना1 (nominative plural)
विभाजन (singular vocative)
विभाजने (dual vocative)
विभाजनानि (plural vocative)
विभाजना1 (plural vocative)
विभाजनम् (accusative singular)
विभाजने (accusative dual)
विभाजनानि (accusative plural)
विभाजना1 (accusative plural)
विभाजनेन (instrumental singular)
विभाजनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विभाजनैः (instrumental plural)
विभाजनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
विभाजनाय (dative singular)
विभाजनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
विभाजनेभ्यः (dative plural)
विभाजनात् (ablative singular)
विभाजनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विभाजनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विभाजनस्य (genitive singular)
विभाजनयोः (dual genitive)
विभाजनानाम् (genitive plural)
विभाजने (locative singular)
विभाजनयोः (dual locative)
विभाजनेषु (locative plural)

/ʋiˈbʱɑː.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/

From वि- (vi-) + भज् (bhaj, root) + -अन (-ana), in which the longer ā is due to विभाजयति (vibhājayati, “causes to share, divide”). Compare विभजन (vibhajana).


भावित

/ˈbʱɑː.ʋi.t̪ɐ/

(mathematics) involving a product of unknown quantities


भावित

/ˈbʱɑː.ʋi.t̪ɐ/

(mathematics) A result or product obtained by multiplication


छिद्

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *skeyd- (“to split, divide”). Cognate with schism and shit.


आधिक

ādhika (romanization)
आधिकम् (nominative singular)
आधिके (dual nominative)
आधिकानि (nominative plural)
आधिका1 (nominative plural)
आधिक (singular vocative)
आधिके (dual vocative)
आधिकानि (plural vocative)
आधिका1 (plural vocative)
आधिकम् (accusative singular)
आधिके (accusative dual)
आधिकानि (accusative plural)
आधिका1 (accusative plural)
आधिकेन (instrumental singular)
आधिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आधिकैः (instrumental plural)
आधिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आधिकाय (dative singular)
आधिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आधिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
आधिकात् (ablative singular)
आधिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आधिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आधिकस्य (genitive singular)
आधिकयोः (dual genitive)
आधिकानाम् (genitive plural)
आधिके (locative singular)
आधिकयोः (dual locative)
आधिकेषु (locative plural)


वर्धन

várdhana (romanization)
वर्धनम् (nominative singular)
वर्धने (dual nominative)
वर्धनानि (nominative plural)
वर्धना1 (nominative plural)
वर्धन (singular vocative)
वर्धने (dual vocative)
वर्धनानि (plural vocative)
वर्धना1 (plural vocative)
वर्धनम् (accusative singular)
वर्धने (accusative dual)
वर्धनानि (accusative plural)
वर्धना1 (accusative plural)
वर्धनेन (instrumental singular)
वर्धनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वर्धनैः (instrumental plural)
वर्धनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वर्धनाय (dative singular)
वर्धनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वर्धनेभ्यः (dative plural)
वर्धनात् (ablative singular)
वर्धनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वर्धनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वर्धनस्य (genitive singular)
वर्धनयोः (dual genitive)
वर्धनानाम् (genitive plural)
वर्धने (locative singular)
वर्धनयोः (dual locative)
वर्धनेषु (locative plural)

Pali: vaḍḍhana

/ʋɐ́ɾ.dʱɐ.nɐ/

/ˈʋɐɾ.d̪ʱɐ.n̪ɐ/


ताष्टि

sa-verb

ताष्टि • (tā́ṣṭi) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, root तक्ष्)

tā́ṣṭi (romanization)
तक्ष् (root)
ताष्टि (present)
ताष्टि (active indicative singular third-person)
तष्टः (active dual indicative third-person)
तक्षति (active indicative plural third-person)
ताक्षि (active indicative second-person singular)
तष्ठः (active dual indicative second-person)
तष्ठ (active indicative plural second-person)
ताक्ष्मि (active first-person indicative singular)
तक्ष्वः (active dual first-person indicative)
तक्ष्मः (active first-person indicative plural)
तक्ष्मसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
ताष्टु (active imperative singular third-person)
तष्टाम् (active dual imperative third-person)
तक्षतु (active imperative plural third-person)
ताढि (active imperative second-person singular)
तष्टम् (active dual imperative second-person)
तष्ट (active imperative plural second-person)
तक्षाणि (active first-person imperative singular)
तक्षाव (active dual first-person imperative)
तक्षाम (active first-person imperative plural)
तक्ष्यात् (active imperative singular third-person)
तक्ष्याताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
तक्ष्युः (active imperative plural third-person)
तक्ष्याः (active imperative second-person singular)
तक्ष्यातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
तक्ष्यात (active imperative plural second-person)
तक्ष्याम् (active first-person imperative singular)
तक्ष्याव (active dual first-person imperative)
तक्ष्याम (active first-person imperative plural)
तक्षत् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
तक्षति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
तक्षतः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
तक्षन् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
तक्षः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षसि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
तक्षथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
तक्षाणि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षा (active first-person singular subjunctive)
तक्षाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
तक्षाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
तक्षत् (active participle)
अताट् (imperfect)
अताट् (active indicative singular third-person)
अतष्टाम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अतक्षुः (active indicative plural third-person)
अताट् (active indicative second-person singular)
अतष्टम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अतष्ट (active indicative plural second-person)
अताक्षम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अतक्ष्व (active dual first-person indicative)
अतक्ष्म (active first-person indicative plural)

From Proto-Indo-European *tḗtḱ-ti ~ *tétḱ-n̥ti, from *tetḱ- (“to create, cut”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬌 𐬙𐬁𐬱𐬙𐬌 (auui tāšti). Compare also Old Armenian տաշեմ (tašem), an Iranian borrowing.


शोधक

śodhaka (romanization)
शोधकः (nominative singular)
शोधकौ (dual nominative)
शोधका1 (dual nominative)
शोधकाः (nominative plural)
शोधकासः1 (nominative plural)
शोधक (singular vocative)
शोधकौ (dual vocative)
शोधका1 (dual vocative)
शोधकाः (plural vocative)
शोधकासः1 (plural vocative)
शोधकम् (accusative singular)
शोधकौ (accusative dual)
शोधका1 (accusative dual)
शोधकान् (accusative plural)
शोधकेन (instrumental singular)
शोधकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शोधकैः (instrumental plural)
शोधकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शोधकाय (dative singular)
शोधकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शोधकेभ्यः (dative plural)
शोधकात् (ablative singular)
शोधकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शोधकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शोधकस्य (genitive singular)
शोधकयोः (dual genitive)
शोधकानाम् (genitive plural)
शोधके (locative singular)
शोधकयोः (dual locative)
शोधकेषु (locative plural)

/ˈɕoː.d̪ʱɐ.kɐ/

From the root शुध् (śudh, “to be cleared or cleansed or purified, become pure”) + -अक (-aka).

sa-root

(arithmetic, algebra) "corrector", the subtrahend, the quantity to be subtracted from a number (to render it capable of yielding an exact square root)


नीच

nīca (romanization)
नीचः (nominative singular)
नीचौ (dual nominative)
नीचा1 (dual nominative)
नीचाः (nominative plural)
नीचासः1 (nominative plural)
नीच (singular vocative)
नीचौ (dual vocative)
नीचा1 (dual vocative)
नीचाः (plural vocative)
नीचासः1 (plural vocative)
नीचम् (accusative singular)
नीचौ (accusative dual)
नीचा1 (accusative dual)
नीचान् (accusative plural)
नीचेन (instrumental singular)
नीचाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नीचैः (instrumental plural)
नीचेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नीचाय (dative singular)
नीचाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नीचेभ्यः (dative plural)
नीचात् (ablative singular)
नीचाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नीचेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नीचस्य (genitive singular)
नीचयोः (dual genitive)
नीचानाम् (genitive plural)
नीचे (locative singular)
नीचयोः (dual locative)
नीचेषु (locative plural)
नीचा (nominative singular)
नीचे (dual nominative)
नीचाः (nominative plural)
नीचे (singular vocative)
नीचे (dual vocative)
नीचाः (plural vocative)
नीचाम् (accusative singular)
नीचे (accusative dual)
नीचाः (accusative plural)
नीचया (instrumental singular)
नीचा1 (instrumental singular)
नीचाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नीचाभिः (instrumental plural)
नीचायै (dative singular)
नीचाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नीचाभ्यः (dative plural)
नीचायाः (ablative singular)
नीचायै2 (ablative singular)
नीचाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नीचाभ्यः (ablative plural)
नीचायाः (genitive singular)
नीचायै2 (genitive singular)
नीचयोः (dual genitive)
नीचानाम् (genitive plural)
नीचायाम् (locative singular)
नीचयोः (dual locative)
नीचासु (locative plural)
नीचम् (nominative singular)
नीचे (dual nominative)
नीचानि (nominative plural)
नीचा1 (nominative plural)
नीच (singular vocative)
नीचे (dual vocative)
नीचानि (plural vocative)
नीचा1 (plural vocative)
नीचम् (accusative singular)
नीचे (accusative dual)
नीचानि (accusative plural)
नीचा1 (accusative plural)
नीचेन (instrumental singular)
नीचाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नीचैः (instrumental plural)
नीचेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नीचाय (dative singular)
नीचाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नीचेभ्यः (dative plural)
नीचात् (ablative singular)
नीचाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नीचेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नीचस्य (genitive singular)
नीचयोः (dual genitive)
नीचानाम् (genitive plural)
नीचे (locative singular)
नीचयोः (dual locative)
नीचेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: [script needed] (nyūċu)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: নিস (nix)

Bengali: নিচ (nic)

Bihari:

Maithili: नीच (nīc)

Odia: ନିଚ (nica)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: नीच (nīc)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

desc

Gujarati: નીચ (nīc), નીચું (nīcũ), નીચે (nīce)

Hindi: नीच (nīc), नीचा (nīcā), नीचे (nīce)

Kumaoni: नीच (nīc), नीचो (nīco)

Nepali: निच (nic), निचो (nico)

Punjabi: ਨੀਚ (nīc), ਨੀਚਾ (nīcā)

Sindhi: नीचु (nīcu)

/ˈn̪iː.t͡ɕɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(H)ni-Hč-ás, from the root *(H)niHanč- (whence also Avestan 𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬃𐬧𐬗- (niiā̊ṇc-, “going downwards”, adjective)) from *ní + Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk-.


लोल

lola (romanization)
लोलः (nominative singular)
लोलौ (dual nominative)
लोला1 (dual nominative)
लोलाः (nominative plural)
लोलासः1 (nominative plural)
लोल (singular vocative)
लोलौ (dual vocative)
लोला1 (dual vocative)
लोलाः (plural vocative)
लोलासः1 (plural vocative)
लोलम् (accusative singular)
लोलौ (accusative dual)
लोला1 (accusative dual)
लोलान् (accusative plural)
लोलेन (instrumental singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोलैः (instrumental plural)
लोलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लोलाय (dative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोलेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोलात् (ablative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोलस्य (genitive singular)
लोलयोः (dual genitive)
लोलानाम् (genitive plural)
लोले (locative singular)
लोलयोः (dual locative)
लोलेषु (locative plural)
लोला (nominative singular)
लोले (dual nominative)
लोलाः (nominative plural)
लोले (singular vocative)
लोले (dual vocative)
लोलाः (plural vocative)
लोलाम् (accusative singular)
लोले (accusative dual)
लोलाः (accusative plural)
लोलया (instrumental singular)
लोला1 (instrumental singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोलाभिः (instrumental plural)
लोलायै (dative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोलाभ्यः (dative plural)
लोलायाः (ablative singular)
लोलायै2 (ablative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोलाभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोलायाः (genitive singular)
लोलायै2 (genitive singular)
लोलयोः (dual genitive)
लोलानाम् (genitive plural)
लोलायाम् (locative singular)
लोलयोः (dual locative)
लोलासु (locative plural)
लोलम् (nominative singular)
लोले (dual nominative)
लोलानि (nominative plural)
लोला1 (nominative plural)
लोल (singular vocative)
लोले (dual vocative)
लोलानि (plural vocative)
लोला1 (plural vocative)
लोलम् (accusative singular)
लोले (accusative dual)
लोलानि (accusative plural)
लोला1 (accusative plural)
लोलेन (instrumental singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोलैः (instrumental plural)
लोलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लोलाय (dative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोलेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोलात् (ablative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोलस्य (genitive singular)
लोलयोः (dual genitive)
लोलानाम् (genitive plural)
लोले (locative singular)
लोलयोः (dual locative)
लोलेषु (locative plural)

Pali: lola

Prakrit: 𑀮𑁄𑀮 (lola)

→ Hindi: लोल (lol) (learned)

From the root लुल् (lul, “to move to and fro, roll about, stir”).

desirous, greedy, lustful, eagerly desirous of or longing for


लब्ध

labdha (romanization)
लब्धः (nominative singular)
लब्धौ (dual nominative)
लब्धा1 (dual nominative)
लब्धाः (nominative plural)
लब्धासः1 (nominative plural)
लब्ध (singular vocative)
लब्धौ (dual vocative)
लब्धा1 (dual vocative)
लब्धाः (plural vocative)
लब्धासः1 (plural vocative)
लब्धम् (accusative singular)
लब्धौ (accusative dual)
लब्धा1 (accusative dual)
लब्धान् (accusative plural)
लब्धेन (instrumental singular)
लब्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लब्धैः (instrumental plural)
लब्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लब्धाय (dative singular)
लब्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लब्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
लब्धात् (ablative singular)
लब्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लब्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लब्धस्य (genitive singular)
लब्धयोः (dual genitive)
लब्धानाम् (genitive plural)
लब्धे (locative singular)
लब्धयोः (dual locative)
लब्धेषु (locative plural)
लब्धा (nominative singular)
लब्धे (dual nominative)
लब्धाः (nominative plural)
लब्धे (singular vocative)
लब्धे (dual vocative)
लब्धाः (plural vocative)
लब्धाम् (accusative singular)
लब्धे (accusative dual)
लब्धाः (accusative plural)
लब्धया (instrumental singular)
लब्धा1 (instrumental singular)
लब्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लब्धाभिः (instrumental plural)
लब्धायै (dative singular)
लब्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लब्धाभ्यः (dative plural)
लब्धायाः (ablative singular)
लब्धायै2 (ablative singular)
लब्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लब्धाभ्यः (ablative plural)
लब्धायाः (genitive singular)
लब्धायै2 (genitive singular)
लब्धयोः (dual genitive)
लब्धानाम् (genitive plural)
लब्धायाम् (locative singular)
लब्धयोः (dual locative)
लब्धासु (locative plural)
लब्धम् (nominative singular)
लब्धे (dual nominative)
लब्धानि (nominative plural)
लब्धा1 (nominative plural)
लब्ध (singular vocative)
लब्धे (dual vocative)
लब्धानि (plural vocative)
लब्धा1 (plural vocative)
लब्धम् (accusative singular)
लब्धे (accusative dual)
लब्धानि (accusative plural)
लब्धा1 (accusative plural)
लब्धेन (instrumental singular)
लब्धाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लब्धैः (instrumental plural)
लब्धेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लब्धाय (dative singular)
लब्धाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लब्धेभ्यः (dative plural)
लब्धात् (ablative singular)
लब्धाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लब्धेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लब्धस्य (genitive singular)
लब्धयोः (dual genitive)
लब्धानाम् (genitive plural)
लब्धे (locative singular)
लब्धयोः (dual locative)
लब्धेषु (locative plural)

desc

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀮𑀥 (ladha /laddha/), 𐨫𐨢 (ladha /laddha/)

Prakrit: 𑀮𑀤𑁆𑀥 (laddha)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: ලද (lada)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀮𑀤𑁆𑀥 (laddha)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Old Punjabi: ਲਧਾ (laddā), ਲਾਧਾ (lādhā)

Punjabi: laddhā

Gurmukhi script: ਲੱਧਾ

Shahmukhi script: لدّھا

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: ladho

Arabic script: لَڌو

Devanagari script: लधो

Pali: laddha

→ Assamese: লব্ধ (lobdho) (learned)

→ Bengali: লব্ধ (lobdho) (learned)

→ Gujarati: લબ્ધ (labdh) (learned)

→ Hindi: लब्ध (labdh) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಲಬ್ಧ (labdha) (learned)

→ Maithili: (learned)

Devanagari script: लब्ध

Tirhuta script: 𑒪𑒥𑓂𑒡

→ Malayalam: ലബ്ധം (labdhaṁ) (learned)

⇒ Old Marathi: labdhaṇe

Devanagari script: लब्धणे

Modi script: 𑘩𑘤𑘿𑘠𑘜𑘹

→ Odia: ଲବ୍ଧ (labdha) (learned)

→ Telugu: లబ్ధము (labdhamu) (learned)

/ˈl̪ɐb.d̪ʱɐ/

[ˈl̪ɐb̚.d̪ʱɐ]

From लभ् (labh, “to gain”, root) + -त (-ta, “-ed”), from Proto-Indo-European *lebʰ-.

suf

(arithmetic) obtained (as a quotient in division)


हनन

hanana (romanization)
हननम् (nominative singular)
हनने (dual nominative)
हननानि (nominative plural)
हनना1 (nominative plural)
हनन (singular vocative)
हनने (dual vocative)
हननानि (plural vocative)
हनना1 (plural vocative)
हननम् (accusative singular)
हनने (accusative dual)
हननानि (accusative plural)
हनना1 (accusative plural)
हननेन (instrumental singular)
हननाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हननैः (instrumental plural)
हननेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हननाय (dative singular)
हननाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हननेभ्यः (dative plural)
हननात् (ablative singular)
हननाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हननेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हननस्य (genitive singular)
हननयोः (dual genitive)
हननानाम् (genitive plural)
हनने (locative singular)
हननयोः (dual locative)
हननेषु (locative plural)

Pali: hanana

Prakrit: हणण (haṇaṇa)

Hindustani: hanan (or via Prakrit)

Hindi: हनन

Urdu: ہَنَن (hanan)

/ˈɦɐ.n̪ɐ.n̪ɐ/

From the root हन् (han, “to kill, destroy, strike, hit; to multiply, raise”) + -अन (-ana).