लोचन

locana (romanization)
लोचनम् (nominative singular)
लोचने (dual nominative)
लोचनानि (nominative plural)
लोचन (singular vocative)
लोचने (dual vocative)
लोचनानि (plural vocative)
लोचनम् (accusative singular)
लोचने (accusative dual)
लोचनानि (accusative plural)
लोचनेन (instrumental singular)
लोचनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोचनैः (instrumental plural)
लोचनाय (dative singular)
लोचनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोचनेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोचनात् (ablative singular)
लोचनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोचनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोचनस्य (genitive singular)
लोचनयोः (dual genitive)
लोचनानाम् (genitive plural)
लोचने (locative singular)
लोचनयोः (dual locative)
लोचनेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">लोचन</i>

→ Bengali: লোচন (lōcon)

→ Odia: ଲୋଚନ (lōcånå)

/ˈl̪oː.t͡ɕɐ.n̪ɐ/

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“to see”). Cognate with Welsh llygad. The Sanskrit root is लोच् (loc).


अरुण

aruṇá (romanization)
अरुणः (nominative singular)
अरुणौ (dual nominative)
अरुणा1 (dual nominative)
अरुणाः (nominative plural)
अरुणासः1 (nominative plural)
अरुण (singular vocative)
अरुणौ (dual vocative)
अरुणा1 (dual vocative)
अरुणाः (plural vocative)
अरुणासः1 (plural vocative)
अरुणम् (accusative singular)
अरुणौ (accusative dual)
अरुणा1 (accusative dual)
अरुणान् (accusative plural)
अरुणेन (instrumental singular)
अरुणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अरुणैः (instrumental plural)
अरुणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अरुणाय (dative singular)
अरुणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अरुणेभ्यः (dative plural)
अरुणात् (ablative singular)
अरुणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अरुणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अरुणस्य (genitive singular)
अरुणयोः (dual genitive)
अरुणानाम् (genitive plural)
अरुणे (locative singular)
अरुणयोः (dual locative)
अरुणेषु (locative plural)

Malayalam: അരുൺ (aruṇ), അരുണൻ (aruṇaṉ)

→ Old Javanese: aruṇa

Telugu: అరుణము (aruṇamu)

Telugu: అరుణ (aruṇa)

Bengali: অরুণ (orun)

Thai: อรุณ (à-run)

(pathology) a kind of leprosy, with red spots and insensibility of the skin


नख

nakhá (romanization)
नखः (nominative singular)
नखौ (dual nominative)
नखा1 (dual nominative)
नखाः (nominative plural)
नखासः1 (nominative plural)
नख (singular vocative)
नखौ (dual vocative)
नखा1 (dual vocative)
नखाः (plural vocative)
नखासः1 (plural vocative)
नखम् (accusative singular)
नखौ (accusative dual)
नखा1 (accusative dual)
नखान् (accusative plural)
नखेन (instrumental singular)
नखाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नखैः (instrumental plural)
नखेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नखाय (dative singular)
नखाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नखेभ्यः (dative plural)
नखात् (ablative singular)
नखाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नखेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नखस्य (genitive singular)
नखयोः (dual genitive)
नखानाम् (genitive plural)
नखे (locative singular)
नखयोः (dual locative)
नखेषु (locative plural)
नखम् (nominative singular)
नखे (dual nominative)
नखानि (nominative plural)
नखा1 (nominative plural)
नख (singular vocative)
नखे (dual vocative)
नखानि (plural vocative)
नखा1 (plural vocative)
नखम् (accusative singular)
नखे (accusative dual)
नखानि (accusative plural)
नखा1 (accusative plural)
नखेन (instrumental singular)
नखाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नखैः (instrumental plural)
नखेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नखाय (dative singular)
नखाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नखेभ्यः (dative plural)
नखात् (ablative singular)
नखाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नखेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नखस्य (genitive singular)
नखयोः (dual genitive)
नखानाम् (genitive plural)
नखे (locative singular)
नखयोः (dual locative)
नखेषु (locative plural)

Pali: nakha

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀳 (ṇaha)

desc

Punjabi: ਨਹਿ (nahi), ਨਹਿੰ (nahĩ), ਨਹੁੰ (nahũ)

Romani: naj

→ Assamese: নখ (nokh)

→ Bengali: নখ (nokh)

→ Gujarati: નખ (nakh)

→ Hindi: नख (nakh)

→ Konkani: नाखूट (nākhūṭ)

→ Marathi: नख (nakh)

→ Odia: ନଖ (nakha)

→ Tamil: நகம் (nakam)

→ Telugu: నఖము (nakhamu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnakʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nogʰ- (“nail”). Cognate with Persian ناخن (nâxon), Central Kurdish نینۆک (nînok), Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux), Latin unguis, Old Armenian եղունգն (ełungn), English nail.

मेहनाद्वनंकरणाल्लोमभ्यस्ते नखेभ्यः ।
यक्ष्मं सर्वस्मादात्मनस्तमिदं वि वृहामि ते ॥
mehanādvanaṃkaraṇāllomabhyaste nakhebhyaḥ.

From what is voided from within, and from thy hair, and from thy nails,
From all thyself from top to toe, I drive thy malady away.

yakṣmaṃ sarvasmādātmanastamidaṃ vi vṛhāmi te.


बाहु

bāhú (romanization)
बाहुः (nominative singular)
बाहू (dual nominative)
बाहवः (nominative plural)
बाहो (singular vocative)
बाहू (dual vocative)
बाहवः (plural vocative)
बाहुम् (accusative singular)
बाहू (accusative dual)
बाहून् (accusative plural)
बाहुना (instrumental singular)
बाह्वा1 (instrumental singular)
बाहुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बाहुभिः (instrumental plural)
बाहवे (dative singular)
बाह्वे1 (dative singular)
बाहुभ्याम् (dative dual)
बाहुभ्यः (dative plural)
बाहोः (ablative singular)
बाह्वः1 (ablative singular)
बाहुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बाहुभ्यः (ablative plural)
बाहोः (genitive singular)
बाह्वः1 (genitive singular)
बाह्वोः (dual genitive)
बाहूनाम् (genitive plural)
बाहौ (locative singular)
बाह्वोः (dual locative)
बाहुषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: बाऊ (bāū)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: বাহু (bahu)

Bengali: বাহু (bahu)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀩𑀸𑀳𑀼 (bāhu)

Pali: bāhu
→ Thai: พาหุ (paa-hù)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀩𑀸𑀳 (bāha)

Gujarati: બાંય (bā̃ya)

Hindi: बाँह (bā̃h)

Urdu: بان٘ہہ (bāṉh)

Punjabi: ਬਾਂਹ (bā̃h)

Romani: baj (“sleeve”)

→ Malay: bahu

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰaHȷ́ʰúš (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰús (“arm”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬁𐬰𐬎 (bāzu), Old Persian 𐎲𐎠𐏀𐎢 (b-a-z-u /bāzu/), (whence Persian بازو (bâzu)), Ancient Greek πῆχυς (pêkhus, “forearm”), Old English bōg (whence English bough).

(geometry) the side of an angular figure, (especially) the base of a right-angled triangle


लिङ्ग

liṅga (romanization)
लिङ्गम् (nominative singular)
लिङ्गे (dual nominative)
लिङ्गानि (nominative plural)
लिङ्गा1 (nominative plural)
लिङ्ग (singular vocative)
लिङ्गे (dual vocative)
लिङ्गानि (plural vocative)
लिङ्गा1 (plural vocative)
लिङ्गम् (accusative singular)
लिङ्गे (accusative dual)
लिङ्गानि (accusative plural)
लिङ्गा1 (accusative plural)
लिङ्गेन (instrumental singular)
लिङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लिङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
लिङ्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लिङ्गाय (dative singular)
लिङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लिङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
लिङ्गात् (ablative singular)
लिङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लिङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लिङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
लिङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
लिङ्गानाम् (genitive plural)
लिङ्गे (locative singular)
लिङ्गयोः (dual locative)
लिङ्गेषु (locative plural)

Pali: liṅga

→ Thai: ลึงค์ (lʉng), ลิงค์ (ling) (or borrowed directly from Sanskrit)

Prakrit: 𑀮𑀺𑀁𑀕 (liṃga) (see there for further descendants)

→ English: lingam

→ Kannada: ಲಿಂಗ (liṅga)

→ Khmer: លិង្គ (lɨng)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *lingás ~ *ringás (“mark, sign, token”). Cognate with Avestan -𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬧𐬔𐬀 (-iriṇga) (attested in 𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬋𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬧𐬔𐬀 (haptōⁱriṇga, “the constellation Ursa Major”, literally “having seven signs”)), Sogdian [script needed] (pryng /paring/, “damask textile with markings on it”) (< *upa-ringa-).

cog

यशोदा नन्दपत्नी च जातं परमबुध्यत। न तल्लिङ्गं परिश्रान्ता निद्रयापगतस्मृतिः॥
yaśodā nandapatnī ca jātaṃ paramabudhyata. na talliṅgaṃ pariśrāntā nidrayāpagatasmṛtiḥ.

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.3.53

Exhausted by the labor of childbirth, Yaśodā, the wife of Nanda, was overwhelmed with sleep and unable to understand what was the gender of the child born to her.

mark, spot, sign, token, badge, form, emblem, characteristic, representation

(anatomy) the sign of gender or sex; organ of generation; genital

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

(Shaivism) lingam; (especially) the phallus of Shiva worshipped in the form of a stone or marble column which generally rises out of a yoni


कृत्य

kṛ́tya (romanization)
कृत्यः (nominative singular)
कृत्यौ (dual nominative)
कृत्या1 (dual nominative)
कृत्याः (nominative plural)
कृत्यासः1 (nominative plural)
कृत्य (singular vocative)
कृत्यौ (dual vocative)
कृत्या1 (dual vocative)
कृत्याः (plural vocative)
कृत्यासः1 (plural vocative)
कृत्यम् (accusative singular)
कृत्यौ (accusative dual)
कृत्या1 (accusative dual)
कृत्यान् (accusative plural)
कृत्येन (instrumental singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्यैः (instrumental plural)
कृत्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृत्याय (dative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्यात् (ablative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्यस्य (genitive singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
कृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्ये (locative singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual locative)
कृत्येषु (locative plural)
कृत्या (nominative singular)
कृत्ये (dual nominative)
कृत्याः (nominative plural)
कृत्ये (singular vocative)
कृत्ये (dual vocative)
कृत्याः (plural vocative)
कृत्याम् (accusative singular)
कृत्ये (accusative dual)
कृत्याः (accusative plural)
कृत्यया (instrumental singular)
कृत्या1 (instrumental singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्याभिः (instrumental plural)
कृत्यायै (dative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्याभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्यायाः (ablative singular)
कृत्यायै2 (ablative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्यायाः (genitive singular)
कृत्यायै2 (genitive singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
कृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्यायाम् (locative singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual locative)
कृत्यासु (locative plural)
कृत्यम् (nominative singular)
कृत्ये (dual nominative)
कृत्यानि (nominative plural)
कृत्या1 (nominative plural)
कृत्य (singular vocative)
कृत्ये (dual vocative)
कृत्यानि (plural vocative)
कृत्या1 (plural vocative)
कृत्यम् (accusative singular)
कृत्ये (accusative dual)
कृत्यानि (accusative plural)
कृत्या1 (accusative plural)
कृत्येन (instrumental singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृत्यैः (instrumental plural)
कृत्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृत्याय (dative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (dative plural)
कृत्यात् (ablative singular)
कृत्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृत्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृत्यस्य (genitive singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual genitive)
कृत्यानाम् (genitive plural)
कृत्ये (locative singular)
कृत्ययोः (dual locative)
कृत्येषु (locative plural)

(medicine) to be treated or attended with


श्रवस्

śrávas (romanization)
श्रवः (nominative singular)
श्रवसी (dual nominative)
श्रवांसि (nominative plural)
श्रवः (singular vocative)
श्रवसी (dual vocative)
श्रवांसि (plural vocative)
श्रवः (accusative singular)
श्रवसी (accusative dual)
श्रवांसि (accusative plural)
श्रवसा (instrumental singular)
श्रवोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रवोभिः (instrumental plural)
श्रवसे (dative singular)
श्रवोभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रवोभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रवसः (ablative singular)
श्रवोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रवोभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रवसः (genitive singular)
श्रवसोः (dual genitive)
श्रवसाम् (genitive plural)
श्रवसि (locative singular)
श्रवसोः (dual locative)
श्रवःसु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀯 (sava)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćráwas, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱléwos (“fame, glory”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬭𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬢𐬵 (srauuaŋh, “word”), Ancient Greek κλέος (kléos, “fame”), Russian сла́ва (sláva), Persian سروب (sarūb).


उल्ब

úlba (romanization)
उल्बम् (nominative singular)
उल्बे (dual nominative)
उल्बानि (nominative plural)
उल्बा1 (nominative plural)
उल्ब (singular vocative)
उल्बे (dual vocative)
उल्बानि (plural vocative)
उल्बा1 (plural vocative)
उल्बम् (accusative singular)
उल्बे (accusative dual)
उल्बानि (accusative plural)
उल्बा1 (accusative plural)
उल्बेन (instrumental singular)
उल्बाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उल्बैः (instrumental plural)
उल्बेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उल्बाय (dative singular)
उल्बाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उल्बेभ्यः (dative plural)
उल्बात् (ablative singular)
उल्बाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उल्बेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उल्बस्य (genitive singular)
उल्बयोः (dual genitive)
उल्बानाम् (genitive plural)
उल्बे (locative singular)
उल्बयोः (dual locative)
उल्बेषु (locative plural)

A late Old Indo-Aryan corruption of an earlier *vĺ̥va-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wĺ̥Hwam, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn”). Akin to Latin vulva; also compare the variant उल्व (úlva).


द्वंद्व

dvaṃdvá (romanization)
द्वंद्वम् (nominative singular)
द्वंद्वे (dual nominative)
द्वंद्वानि (nominative plural)
द्वंद्व (singular vocative)
द्वंद्वे (dual vocative)
द्वंद्वानि (plural vocative)
द्वंद्वम् (accusative singular)
द्वंद्वे (accusative dual)
द्वंद्वानि (accusative plural)
द्वंद्वेन (instrumental singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्वंद्वैः (instrumental plural)
द्वंद्वाय (dative singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्वंद्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
द्वंद्वात् (ablative singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्वंद्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
द्वंद्वस्य (genitive singular)
द्वंद्वयोः (dual genitive)
द्वंद्वानाम् (genitive plural)
द्वंद्वे (locative singular)
द्वंद्वयोः (dual locative)
द्वंद्वेषु (locative plural)
द्वंद्वः (nominative singular)
द्वंद्वौ (dual nominative)
द्वंद्वाः (nominative plural)
द्वंद्व (singular vocative)
द्वंद्वौ (dual vocative)
द्वंद्वाः (plural vocative)
द्वंद्वम् (accusative singular)
द्वंद्वौ (accusative dual)
द्वंद्वान् (accusative plural)
द्वंद्वेन (instrumental singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्वंद्वैः (instrumental plural)
द्वंद्वाय (dative singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्वंद्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
द्वंद्वात् (ablative singular)
द्वंद्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्वंद्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
द्वंद्वस्य (genitive singular)
द्वंद्वयोः (dual genitive)
द्वंद्वानाम् (genitive plural)
द्वंद्वे (locative singular)
द्वंद्वयोः (dual locative)
द्वंद्वेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">द्वंद्व</i>

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वानाम्

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of द्वंद्व

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वानाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वाभ्याम्

द्वंद्वेभ्यः

द्वंद्वानाम्

→ English: dvandva

→ Telugu: ద్వంద్వము (dvandvamu)

/ˈd̪ʋɐn̪d̪.ʋɐ/

From earlier द्वाद्वा (dvā́dvā), a reduplication of the nominative of द्व (dva, “two”).

(medicine) a species of disease, a complication of two disorders, a compound affection of two tumors


गोक्षीर

/ɡoːkˈʂiː.ɾɐ/

com

गो (gó) + क्षीर (kṣīrá)


क्षीराब्धि

sa-noun

क्षीराब्धि • (kṣīrābdhi) stem, m

/kʂiːˈɾɑːb.d̪ʱi/

[kʂiːˈɾɑːb̚.d̪ʱi]

A compound of क्षीर (kṣīra) and अब्धि (abdhi).

the sea of milk, one of the seven seas surrounding as many worlds


त्वच

Telugu: త్వచము (tvacamu)


अधर

ádhara (romanization)
अधरः (nominative singular)
अधरौ (dual nominative)
अधरा1 (dual nominative)
अधराः (nominative plural)
अधरासः1 (nominative plural)
अधर (singular vocative)
अधरौ (dual vocative)
अधरा1 (dual vocative)
अधराः (plural vocative)
अधरासः1 (plural vocative)
अधरम् (accusative singular)
अधरौ (accusative dual)
अधरा1 (accusative dual)
अधरान् (accusative plural)
अधरेण (instrumental singular)
अधराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधरैः (instrumental plural)
अधरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अधराय (dative singular)
अधराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधरेभ्यः (dative plural)
अधरात् (ablative singular)
अधराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधरस्य (genitive singular)
अधरयोः (dual genitive)
अधराणाम् (genitive plural)
अधरे (locative singular)
अधरयोः (dual locative)
अधरेषु (locative plural)

/ˈɐ.d̪ʱɐ.ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hadʰáras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hadʰáras, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)n̥dʰér-o-s, from *(h₁)n̥dʰér(i) (“low; under”). Cognate with Latin īnferus, Old English under (whence English under). The accent shift is irregular.


मुष्क

muṣká (romanization)
मुष्कः (nominative singular)
मुष्कौ (dual nominative)
मुष्का1 (dual nominative)
मुष्काः (nominative plural)
मुष्कासः1 (nominative plural)
मुष्क (singular vocative)
मुष्कौ (dual vocative)
मुष्का1 (dual vocative)
मुष्काः (plural vocative)
मुष्कासः1 (plural vocative)
मुष्कम् (accusative singular)
मुष्कौ (accusative dual)
मुष्का1 (accusative dual)
मुष्कान् (accusative plural)
मुष्केण (instrumental singular)
मुष्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मुष्कैः (instrumental plural)
मुष्केभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मुष्काय (dative singular)
मुष्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
मुष्केभ्यः (dative plural)
मुष्कात् (ablative singular)
मुष्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मुष्केभ्यः (ablative plural)
मुष्कस्य (genitive singular)
मुष्कयोः (dual genitive)
मुष्काणाम् (genitive plural)
मुष्के (locative singular)
मुष्कयोः (dual locative)
मुष्केषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: muṣk, muṣ

→ Middle Persian: mwšk' (mušk)

Persian: مشک (mošk)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: μόσχος (móskhos)
Greek: μόσχος (móschos)
→ Romanian: mosc
→ Late Latin: muscus (see there for further descendants)
→ Translingual: Moschus

→ Old Armenian: մուշկ (mušk) (via an Iranian language)

Armenian: մուշկ (mušk)

→ Telugu: ముష్కము (muṣkamu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *muškas, which is traditionally derived synchronically from मूष् (mūṣ, “mouse”) + -क (-ka, diminutive suffix), the shape of human testicles being compared to mice. A similar usage of "mouse" to describe a body part is also found in Latin mūsculus (“muscle”). However, Lubotsky is skeptical of this derivation due to the short u vowel in मुष्क (muṣka) implying the lack of a laryngeal, as opposed to the long ū in मूष् (mūṣ), and leaves the origin open.


वदन

vádana (romanization)
वदनम् (nominative singular)
वदने (dual nominative)
वदनानि (nominative plural)
वदना1 (nominative plural)
वदन (singular vocative)
वदने (dual vocative)
वदनानि (plural vocative)
वदना1 (plural vocative)
वदनम् (accusative singular)
वदने (accusative dual)
वदनानि (accusative plural)
वदना1 (accusative plural)
वदनेन (instrumental singular)
वदनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वदनैः (instrumental plural)
वदनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वदनाय (dative singular)
वदनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वदनेभ्यः (dative plural)
वदनात् (ablative singular)
वदनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वदनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वदनस्य (genitive singular)
वदनयोः (dual genitive)
वदनानाम् (genitive plural)
वदने (locative singular)
वदनयोः (dual locative)
वदनेषु (locative plural)

→ Old Javanese: wadana (“face, head”)

Javanese: wadana, wedana (ꦮꦢꦤ, ꦮꦼꦢꦤ)

→ Indonesian: wedana

→ Tamil: வதனம் (vataṉam)

→ Telugu: వదనము (vadanamu)

/ˈʋɐ.d̪ɐ.n̪ɐ/


पाणि

pāṇi (romanization)
पाणिः (nominative singular)
पाणी (dual nominative)
पाणयः (nominative plural)
पाणे (singular vocative)
पाणी (dual vocative)
पाणयः (plural vocative)
पाणिम् (accusative singular)
पाणी (accusative dual)
पाणीन् (accusative plural)
पाणिना (instrumental singular)
पाण्या1 (instrumental singular)
पाणिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पाणिभिः (instrumental plural)
पाणये (dative singular)
पाणिभ्याम् (dative dual)
पाणिभ्यः (dative plural)
पाणेः (ablative singular)
पाण्यः1 (ablative singular)
पाणिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पाणिभ्यः (ablative plural)
पाणेः (genitive singular)
पाण्यः1 (genitive singular)
पाण्योः (dual genitive)
पाणीनाम् (genitive plural)
पाणौ (locative singular)
पाणा1 (locative singular)
पाण्योः (dual locative)
पाणिषु (locative plural)

→ Malayalam: പാണി (pāṇi) (learned)

→ Marathi: पाणि (pāṇi) (learned)


कूर्म

kūrmá (romanization)
कूर्मः (nominative singular)
कूर्मौ (dual nominative)
कूर्मा1 (dual nominative)
कूर्माः (nominative plural)
कूर्मासः1 (nominative plural)
कूर्म (singular vocative)
कूर्मौ (dual vocative)
कूर्मा1 (dual vocative)
कूर्माः (plural vocative)
कूर्मासः1 (plural vocative)
कूर्मम् (accusative singular)
कूर्मौ (accusative dual)
कूर्मा1 (accusative dual)
कूर्मान् (accusative plural)
कूर्मेण (instrumental singular)
कूर्माभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कूर्मैः (instrumental plural)
कूर्मेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कूर्माय (dative singular)
कूर्माभ्याम् (dative dual)
कूर्मेभ्यः (dative plural)
कूर्मात् (ablative singular)
कूर्माभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कूर्मेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कूर्मस्य (genitive singular)
कूर्मयोः (dual genitive)
कूर्माणाम् (genitive plural)
कूर्मे (locative singular)
कूर्मयोः (dual locative)
कूर्मेषु (locative plural)

Pali: kumma

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kumma)

desc

⇒ Punjabi: ਕੱਛੂਕੁੰਮਾ (kacchūkummā, “tortoise”)

→ Tamil: கூர்மம் (kūrmam) (learned)

→ Telugu: కూర్మము (kūrmamu) (learned)

Given the unusual word structure and the semantic domain, probably a substrate loanword. Might be from the same family of words relating to "curved objects" with a ku- prefix as कुम्भ "water pot, pot"; कुण्ड or कुण्डी"water pot, pot"; कुम्बीर "crocodile"; कश्यप "tortoise, turtle"; कुष्माण्ड "pumpkin"; कूप "well"; कुब्ज "humpbacked"; and कलश "pitcher".

one of the outer winds of the body (causing the closing of the eyes)


जाल

jā́la (romanization)
जालम् (nominative singular)
जाले (dual nominative)
जालानि (nominative plural)
जाला1 (nominative plural)
जाल (singular vocative)
जाले (dual vocative)
जालानि (plural vocative)
जाला1 (plural vocative)
जालम् (accusative singular)
जाले (accusative dual)
जालानि (accusative plural)
जाला1 (accusative plural)
जालेन (instrumental singular)
जालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जालैः (instrumental plural)
जालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जालाय (dative singular)
जालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जालेभ्यः (dative plural)
जालात् (ablative singular)
जालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जालस्य (genitive singular)
जालयोः (dual genitive)
जालानाम् (genitive plural)
जाले (locative singular)
जालयोः (dual locative)
जालेषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨗𐨫 (jala)

Pali: jāla

desctree

→ Malay: jala
Indonesian: jala
→ Pattani Malay: ยาลอ (jalɔ) (learned)
→? Rade: jal
→ Tagalog: dala
→ Thai: ยะลา (yá-laa)
→ Urak Lawoi': ยฺาลา (jala) (learned)

→ Old Javanese: jāla
Javanese: ꦗꦭ (jala)
→ Balinese: ᬚᬮ (jala)

Of unclear origin. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to braid, twist”) and connected to गरल (garala, “a bundle of grass or hay”) and जटा (jaṭā, “braid of hair”). Kuiper, however, claims Proto-Munda origin for जाल (jāla) and जटा (jaṭā). Alternatively, Forssman suggests a connection with Ancient Greek βάλλω (bállō, “to throw”).

der

/ˈd͡ʑɑː.l̪ɐ/


स्तूप

stūpa (romanization)
स्तूपः (nominative singular)
स्तूपौ (dual nominative)
स्तूपा1 (dual nominative)
स्तूपाः (nominative plural)
स्तूपासः1 (nominative plural)
स्तूप (singular vocative)
स्तूपौ (dual vocative)
स्तूपा1 (dual vocative)
स्तूपाः (plural vocative)
स्तूपासः1 (plural vocative)
स्तूपम् (accusative singular)
स्तूपौ (accusative dual)
स्तूपा1 (accusative dual)
स्तूपान् (accusative plural)
स्तूपेन (instrumental singular)
स्तूपाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्तूपैः (instrumental plural)
स्तूपेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्तूपाय (dative singular)
स्तूपाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्तूपेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्तूपात् (ablative singular)
स्तूपाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्तूपेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्तूपस्य (genitive singular)
स्तूपयोः (dual genitive)
स्तूपानाम् (genitive plural)
स्तूपे (locative singular)
स्तूपयोः (dual locative)
स्तूपेषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨠𐨂𐨬 (thuva)

Pali: thūpa
→ Burmese: ထူပါ (htupa)

Prakrit: 𑀣𑀽𑀯 (thūva)

→ Thai: สถูป (sà-tùup)

→ English: stupa

→ Hindi: स्तूप (stūp) (learned)

→ Telugu: స్తూపము (stūpamu) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *stúHpas, and considered related to स्तुका (stukā, “tuft of hair”). Outside of Indo-Iranian, has been compared with Ancient Greek στυππεῖον (stuppeîon, “coarse hemp fiber”), στῡ́φω (stū́phō, “to contract, draw together”). See also Proto-Finnic *tup'as (“mound, tuft”), which may have been borrowed from the Proto-Indo-Iranian term that gave the Sanskrit.

cog

a relic shrine or casket, containing bone or hair from a deceased relative or saint, or inscribed with a sacred formula


चिकित्सा

cikitsā (romanization)
चिकित्सा (nominative singular)
चिकित्से (dual nominative)
चिकित्साः (nominative plural)
चिकित्से (singular vocative)
चिकित्से (dual vocative)
चिकित्साः (plural vocative)
चिकित्साम् (accusative singular)
चिकित्से (accusative dual)
चिकित्साः (accusative plural)
चिकित्सया (instrumental singular)
चिकित्सा1 (instrumental singular)
चिकित्साभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चिकित्साभिः (instrumental plural)
चिकित्सायै (dative singular)
चिकित्साभ्याम् (dative dual)
चिकित्साभ्यः (dative plural)
चिकित्सायाः (ablative singular)
चिकित्सायै2 (ablative singular)
चिकित्साभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चिकित्साभ्यः (ablative plural)
चिकित्सायाः (genitive singular)
चिकित्सायै2 (genitive singular)
चिकित्सयोः (dual genitive)
चिकित्सानाम् (genitive plural)
चिकित्सायाम् (locative singular)
चिकित्सयोः (dual locative)
चिकित्सासु (locative plural)

Bengali: চিকিত্সা (cikitśa)

চিকিৎসা (cikitśa)

Gujarati: ચિકિત્સા (cikitsā)

Hindi: चिकित्सा (cikitsā)

Punjabi: ਚਿਕਿਤਸਾ (cikitsā)

Tamil: சிகிச்சை (cikiccai)

Telugu: చికిత్స (cikitsa)

desc

Thai: ติกิจฉา

Thai: ติกิจฉา

From चित् (cit, “to perceive, comprehend”).

(medicine) medical attendance, practice or science of medicine (esp. therapeutics, one of the six sections of medicine)


गुद

Dardic:

Kashmiri: गूद (gūd), گوٗد (gūd)

→ Assamese: গুদ (gud)

→ Bengali: গুদ (gud)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: गुद (gud), गुदा (gudā)

Urdu: گد (gud), گدا (gudā)

→ Malayalam: ഗുദം (gudaṁ)

→ Marathi: गुद (gud)

→ Odia: ଗୁଦ (guda), ଗୁଦା (gudā)

→ Punjabi: ਗੁਦਾ (gudā)

→ Telugu: గుదము (gudamu), గూద (gūda, “prolapse”)

Pali: guda

Prakrit: 𑀕𑀼𑀤 (guda), 𑀕𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸 (guddā)

→ Telugu: గుద్ద (gudda)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gudá-. Compare Avestan 𐬔𐬎𐬜𐬀 (guδa).


अपान

Telugu: అపానము (apānamu)


प्लीहन्

plīhán (romanization)
प्लीहा (nominative singular)
प्लीहानौ (dual nominative)
प्लीहाना1 (dual nominative)
प्लीहानः (nominative plural)
प्लीहन् (singular vocative)
प्लीहानौ (dual vocative)
प्लीहाना1 (dual vocative)
प्लीहानः (plural vocative)
प्लीहानम् (accusative singular)
प्लीहानौ (accusative dual)
प्लीहाना1 (accusative dual)
प्लीह्नः (accusative plural)
प्लीह्ना (instrumental singular)
प्लीहभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्लीहभिः (instrumental plural)
प्लीह्ने (dative singular)
प्लीहभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्लीहभ्यः (dative plural)
प्लीह्नः (ablative singular)
प्लीहभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्लीहभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्लीह्नः (genitive singular)
प्लीह्नोः (dual genitive)
प्लीह्नाम् (genitive plural)
प्लीह्नि (locative singular)
प्लीहनि (locative singular)
प्लीहन्1 (locative singular)
प्लीह्नोः (dual locative)
प्लीहसु (locative plural)

Hindi: फिया (phiyā)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *spliHȷ́ʰā́, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pli(H)ǵʰḗn. Cognate with Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn) (whence English spleen), Latin lien, Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥 (spər^əzan), Old Armenian փայծաղն (pʻaycałn), Russian селезёнка (selezjónka), Lithuanian blužnis, Persian اسپرز (esporz).

हृदयात्ते परि क्लोम्नो हलीक्ष्णात्पार्श्वाभ्याम् ।
यक्ष्मं मतस्नाभ्यां प्लीह्नो यक्नस्ते वि वृहामसि ॥
hṛdayātte pari klomno halīkṣṇātpārśvābhyām.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 2.33.3

Forth from thy heart and from thy lungs, from thy gall-bladder and thy sides,
From kidneys, spleen and liver thy malady we uproot.

yakṣmaṃ matasnābhyāṃ plīhno yaknaste vi vṛhāmasi.

c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa


स्नावन्

snā́van (romanization)
स्नाव (nominative singular)
स्नौनी (dual nominative)
स्नावनी (dual nominative)
स्नावानि (nominative plural)
स्नाव1 (nominative plural)
स्नावा1 (nominative plural)
स्नावन् (singular vocative)
स्नाव (singular vocative)
स्नौनी (dual vocative)
स्नावनी (dual vocative)
स्नावानि (plural vocative)
स्नाव1 (plural vocative)
स्नावा1 (plural vocative)
स्नाव (accusative singular)
स्नौनी (accusative dual)
स्नावनी (accusative dual)
स्नावानि (accusative plural)
स्नाव1 (accusative plural)
स्नावा1 (accusative plural)
स्नौना (instrumental singular)
स्नावभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्नावभिः (instrumental plural)
स्नौने (dative singular)
स्नावभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्नावभ्यः (dative plural)
स्नौनः (ablative singular)
स्नावभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्नावभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्नौनः (genitive singular)
स्नौनोः (dual genitive)
स्नौनाम् (genitive plural)
स्नौनि (locative singular)
स्नावनि (locative singular)
स्नावन्1 (locative singular)
स्नौनोः (dual locative)
स्नावसु (locative plural)

/ˈs̪n̪ɑː.ʋɐn̪/

From Proto-Indo-European *snéh₁wn̥ (“sinew, tendon”). Cognate with Latin nervus (“sinew, tendon”), Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “sinew, tendon”), Avestan 𐬯𐬥𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (snāuuar, “sinew, tendon”), Tocharian B ṣñor (“sinew”), Old English sinu (whence English sinew).

cog

अस्थिभ्यस्ते मज्जभ्यः स्नावभ्यो धमनिभ्यः ।
यक्ष्मं पाणिभ्यामङ्गुलिभ्यो नखेभ्यो वि वृहामि ते ॥
asthibhyaste majjabhyaḥ snāvabhyo dhamanibhyaḥ.

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 2.33.6

Forth from thy marrows and thy bones, forth from thy tendons and thy veins
I banish thy disease from thy hands, thy fingers, and thy nails.

yakṣmaṃ pāṇibhyāmaṅgulibhyo nakhebhyo vi vṛhāmi te.


शीर्षन्

sa-noun

शीर्षन् • (śīrṣán) stem, n

śīrṣán (romanization)
शीर्ष (nominative singular)
शीर्ष्णी (dual nominative)
शीर्षणी (dual nominative)
शीर्षाणि (nominative plural)
शीर्ष1 (nominative plural)
शीर्षा1 (nominative plural)
शीर्षन् (singular vocative)
शीर्ष (singular vocative)
शीर्ष्णी (dual vocative)
शीर्षणी (dual vocative)
शीर्षाणि (plural vocative)
शीर्ष1 (plural vocative)
शीर्षा1 (plural vocative)
शीर्ष (accusative singular)
शीर्ष्णी (accusative dual)
शीर्षणी (accusative dual)
शीर्षाणि (accusative plural)
शीर्ष1 (accusative plural)
शीर्षा1 (accusative plural)
शीर्ष्णा (instrumental singular)
शीर्षभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शीर्षभिः (instrumental plural)
शीर्ष्णे (dative singular)
शीर्षभ्याम् (dative dual)
शीर्षभ्यः (dative plural)
शीर्ष्णः (ablative singular)
शीर्षभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शीर्षभ्यः (ablative plural)
शीर्ष्णः (genitive singular)
शीर्ष्णोः (dual genitive)
शीर्ष्णाम् (genitive plural)
शीर्ष्णि (locative singular)
शीर्षणि (locative singular)
शीर्षन्1 (locative singular)
शीर्ष्णोः (dual locative)
शीर्षसु (locative plural)

/ˈɕiːɾ.ʂɐn̪/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śr̥Hsá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥Hšá, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱérh₂-sō, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κάρα (kára), Old English hærn (whence English harns). Collateral of Sanskrit शीर्ष (śīrṣá).


शीर्ष

शीर्ष • (śīrṣá) stem, n

śīrṣá (romanization)
शीर्षम् (nominative singular)
शीर्षे (dual nominative)
शीर्षाणि (nominative plural)
शीर्षा1 (nominative plural)
शीर्ष (singular vocative)
शीर्षे (dual vocative)
शीर्षाणि (plural vocative)
शीर्षा1 (plural vocative)
शीर्षम् (accusative singular)
शीर्षे (accusative dual)
शीर्षाणि (accusative plural)
शीर्षा1 (accusative plural)
शीर्षेण (instrumental singular)
शीर्षाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शीर्षैः (instrumental plural)
शीर्षेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शीर्षाय (dative singular)
शीर्षाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शीर्षेभ्यः (dative plural)
शीर्षात् (ablative singular)
शीर्षाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शीर्षेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शीर्षस्य (genitive singular)
शीर्षयोः (dual genitive)
शीर्षाणाम् (genitive plural)
शीर्षे (locative singular)
शीर्षयोः (dual locative)
शीर्षेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Chilisso: [script needed] (šiš)

Kalasha: ṣiṣ

Kamkata-viri: ṣīṣ

Phalura: ṣiṣ

desc

Shina: ݜݜ (ṣĭṣ), ݜیݜ (ṣīṣ), ݜںݜ (ṣĭ̃ṣu)

Shina: ݜݜ (ṣĭṣ), ݜیݜ (ṣīṣ), ݜںݜ (ṣĭ̃ṣu)

Indus Kohistani: ݜِݜ (šiš), شِش (ṣiṣ)

Kohistani Shina: ݜیݜو (ṣīṣo)

Savi: ṣiṣ

Pali: sīsa, sīsaka

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sissa), 𑀲𑀻𑀲 (sīsa)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (sissa)

Baltic Romani: sīs

Braj: सीस (sīs)

Gujarati: શીસ (śīs)

Hindustani: sīs

Hindi: सीस

Urdu: سِیس (sīs)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: শীহ (xih)

Bengali: শীষ (śiś)

Bihari: सिस (sis)

Maithili: सीसा (sīsā)

Odia: ସୀସା (sisā)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އިސް (is), އިހު (ihu)

Sinhalese: ඉහ (iha)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: śisaru

Devanagari script: शिसरु (śisru)

Latin script: xisoru

Kannada script: ಶಿಸರು

Marathi: शीस (śīs), शींस (śīusa)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: sīs, sīsā

Gurmukhi script: ਸੀਸ, ਸੀਸਾ

Shahmukhi script: سِیس, سِیسَا

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: sisī

Arabic script: سِسِي

Devanagari script: सिसी

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śr̥Hsá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥Hšá, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱérh₂-sō, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κάρα (kára), Old English hærn (whence English harns). Collateral to Vedic Sanskrit शीर्षन् (śīrṣán).


स्नायु

snā́yu (romanization)
स्नायुः (nominative singular)
स्नायू (dual nominative)
स्नायवः (nominative plural)
स्नायो (singular vocative)
स्नायू (dual vocative)
स्नायवः (plural vocative)
स्नायुम् (accusative singular)
स्नायू (accusative dual)
स्नायूः (accusative plural)
स्नाय्वा (instrumental singular)
स्नायुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्नायुभिः (instrumental plural)
स्नाय्वै (dative singular)
स्नायवे (dative singular)
स्नायुभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्नायुभ्यः (dative plural)
स्नायुवाः (ablative singular)
स्नायोः (ablative singular)
स्नायुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्नायुभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्नायुवाः (genitive singular)
स्नायोः (genitive singular)
स्नाय्वोः (dual genitive)
स्नायूनाम् (genitive plural)
स्नाय्वाम् (locative singular)
स्नायौ (locative singular)
स्नाय्वोः (dual locative)
स्नायुषु (locative plural)
स्नायु (nominative singular)
स्नायुनी (dual nominative)
स्नायूनि (nominative plural)
स्नायु (singular vocative)
स्नायुनी (dual vocative)
स्नायूनि (plural vocative)
स्नायु (accusative singular)
स्नायुनी (accusative dual)
स्नायूनि (accusative plural)
स्नायुना (instrumental singular)
स्नायुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्नायुभिः (instrumental plural)
स्नायुने (dative singular)
स्नायुभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्नायुभ्यः (dative plural)
स्नायुनः (ablative singular)
स्नायुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्नायुभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्नायुनः (genitive singular)
स्नायुनोः (dual genitive)
स्नायूनाम् (genitive plural)
स्नायुनि (locative singular)
स्नायुनोः (dual locative)
स्नायुषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine u-stem declension of स्नायु

स्नायुभ्याम्

स्नाय्वै / स्नायवे

स्नायुभ्याम्

स्नायुवाः/ स्नायोः

स्नायुभ्याम्

स्नायुवाः/ स्नायोः

स्नाय्वाम् / स्नायौ

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्नायुवाः/ स्नायोः

स्नायुभ्याम्

स्नाय्वै / स्नायवे

स्नायुभ्याम्

स्नायुवाः/ स्नायोः

स्नायुभ्याम्

स्नायुवाः/ स्नायोः

स्नाय्वाम् / स्नायौ

sa-decl-noun

Neuter u-stem declension of स्नायु

स्नायुभ्याम्

स्नायुभ्याम्

स्नायुभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्नायुभ्याम्

स्नायुभ्याम्

स्नायुभ्याम्

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀡𑀸𑀉 (siṇāu)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ނާރު (nāru)

desc

Sinhalese: නහර (nahara), නහරය (naharaya)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Marathi: साव (sāv), सांव (sāuva)

→ Telugu: స్నాయువు (snāyuvu)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *snáHwar, from Proto-Indo-European *snéh₁wr̥. Compare स्नावन् (snāvan).


जङ्घा

जङ्घा ॑ (canonical)
jáṅghā (romanization)
जंह् (root)
जङ्घा (nominative singular)
जङ्घे (dual nominative)
जङ्घाः (nominative plural)
जङ्घे (singular vocative)
जङ्घे (dual vocative)
जङ्घाः (plural vocative)
जङ्घाम् (accusative singular)
जङ्घे (accusative dual)
जङ्घाः (accusative plural)
जङ्घया (instrumental singular)
जङ्घा1 (instrumental singular)
जङ्घाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जङ्घाभिः (instrumental plural)
जङ्घायै (dative singular)
जङ्घाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जङ्घाभ्यः (dative plural)
जङ्घायाः (ablative singular)
जङ्घायै2 (ablative singular)
जङ्घाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जङ्घाभ्यः (ablative plural)
जङ्घायाः (genitive singular)
जङ्घायै2 (genitive singular)
जङ्घयोः (dual genitive)
जङ्घानाम् (genitive plural)
जङ्घायाम् (locative singular)
जङ्घयोः (dual locative)
जङ्घासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: زَنٛگ (zang)

Torwali: جان (ǰāṅ)

Pali: jaṅghā

Prakrit: 𑀚𑀁𑀖𑀸 (jaṃghā) (see there for further descendants)

/d͡ʑɐ́ŋ.ɡʱɑː/

/ˈd͡ʑɐŋ.ɡʱɑː/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰángʰas
Sanskrit जङ्घा॑ (jáṅghā)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰángʰas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰángʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ-o-s. Compare Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬧𐬔𐬀 (zaṇga), Middle Persian [script needed] (zang).

etymon

जङ्घा॑

inh+

च॒रित्रं॒ हि वेरि॒वाच्छे॑दि प॒र्णमा॒जा खे॒लस्य॒ परि॑तक्म्यायाम् ।
स॒द्यो जङ्घा॒म्आय॑सीं वि॒श्पला॑यै॒ धने॑ हि॒ते सर्त॑वे॒ प्रत्य॑धत्तम् ॥
carítraṃ hí vérivā́cchedi parṇámājā́ khelásya páritakmyāyām.

When in the time of night, in Khela's battle, a leg was severed like a wild bird's pinion,
Straight ye gave Vispala a leg of iron that she might move what time the conflict opened.

sadyó jáṅghāmā́yasīṃ viśpálāyai dháne hité sártave prátyadhattam.

shank (part of the leg between the knee and ankle)


अन्त्र

ántra (romanization)
अन्त्रम् (nominative singular)
अन्त्रे (dual nominative)
अन्त्राणि (nominative plural)
अन्त्रा1 (nominative plural)
अन्त्र (singular vocative)
अन्त्रे (dual vocative)
अन्त्राणि (plural vocative)
अन्त्रा1 (plural vocative)
अन्त्रम् (accusative singular)
अन्त्रे (accusative dual)
अन्त्राणि (accusative plural)
अन्त्रा1 (accusative plural)
अन्त्रेण (instrumental singular)
अन्त्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अन्त्रैः (instrumental plural)
अन्त्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अन्त्राय (dative singular)
अन्त्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
अन्त्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
अन्त्रात् (ablative singular)
अन्त्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अन्त्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अन्त्रस्य (genitive singular)
अन्त्रयोः (dual genitive)
अन्त्राणाम् (genitive plural)
अन्त्रे (locative singular)
अन्त्रयोः (dual locative)
अन्त्रेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit:

desctree

Early Assamese: আন্ত (anto)
Assamese: আঁত (ãt)

Konkani: आंत (ānta)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਆਂਦਰਾਂ (āndarā̃)

⇒ Vaghri: આંદરા (ā̃darā)

→ Bengali: অন্ত্র (ontro)

→ Hindi: अंत्र (antra)

Pali: anta

desc

Khmer: អន្តៈ (ʼɑɑʼɑntaʼ)

Khmer: អន្តៈ (ʼɑɑʼɑntaʼ)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hántram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hántram, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éntrom (“guts, entrails”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔντερον (énteron), Russian я́тро (játro, “testicle, liver”), Serbo-Croatian је̏тра.


टङ्का

ṭaṅkā (romanization)
टङ्का (nominative singular)
टङ्के (dual nominative)
टङ्काः (nominative plural)
टङ्के (singular vocative)
टङ्के (dual vocative)
टङ्काः (plural vocative)
टङ्काम् (accusative singular)
टङ्के (accusative dual)
टङ्काः (accusative plural)
टङ्कया (instrumental singular)
टङ्का1 (instrumental singular)
टङ्काभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
टङ्काभिः (instrumental plural)
टङ्कायै (dative singular)
टङ्काभ्याम् (dative dual)
टङ्काभ्यः (dative plural)
टङ्कायाः (ablative singular)
टङ्कायै2 (ablative singular)
टङ्काभ्याम् (ablative dual)
टङ्काभ्यः (ablative plural)
टङ्कायाः (genitive singular)
टङ्कायै2 (genitive singular)
टङ्कयोः (dual genitive)
टङ्कानाम् (genitive plural)
टङ्कायाम् (locative singular)
टङ्कयोः (dual locative)
टङ्कासु (locative plural)

From टङ्क (ṭaṅka) + -आ (-ā, “feminine suffix”).


तालु

tālu (romanization)
तालु (nominative singular)
तालुनी (dual nominative)
तालूनि (nominative plural)
तालु1 (nominative plural)
तालू1 (nominative plural)
तालु (singular vocative)
तालो (singular vocative)
तालुनी (dual vocative)
तालूनि (plural vocative)
तालु1 (plural vocative)
तालू1 (plural vocative)
तालु (accusative singular)
तालुनी (accusative dual)
तालूनि (accusative plural)
तालु1 (accusative plural)
तालू1 (accusative plural)
तालुना (instrumental singular)
ताल्वा1 (instrumental singular)
तालुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तालुभिः (instrumental plural)
तालुने (dative singular)
तालवे1 (dative singular)
ताल्वे1 (dative singular)
तालुभ्याम् (dative dual)
तालुभ्यः (dative plural)
तालुनः (ablative singular)
तालोः1 (ablative singular)
ताल्वः1 (ablative singular)
तालुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तालुभ्यः (ablative plural)
तालुनः (genitive singular)
तालोः1 (genitive singular)
ताल्वः1 (genitive singular)
तालुनोः (dual genitive)
तालूनाम् (genitive plural)
तालुनि (locative singular)
तालौ1 (locative singular)
तालुनोः (dual locative)
तालुषु (locative plural)


अरत्नि

aratní (romanization)
अरत्निः (nominative singular)
अरत्नी (dual nominative)
अरत्नयः (nominative plural)
अरत्ने (singular vocative)
अरत्नी (dual vocative)
अरत्नयः (plural vocative)
अरत्निम् (accusative singular)
अरत्नी (accusative dual)
अरत्नीन् (accusative plural)
अरत्निना (instrumental singular)
अरत्न्या1 (instrumental singular)
अरत्निभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अरत्निभिः (instrumental plural)
अरत्नये (dative singular)
अरत्निभ्याम् (dative dual)
अरत्निभ्यः (dative plural)
अरत्नेः (ablative singular)
अरत्निभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अरत्निभ्यः (ablative plural)
अरत्नेः (genitive singular)
अरत्न्योः (dual genitive)
अरत्नीनाम् (genitive plural)
अरत्नौ (locative singular)
अरत्ना1 (locative singular)
अरत्न्योः (dual locative)
अरत्निषु (locative plural)

Pali: ratani

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀭𑀬𑀡𑀺 (arayaṇi)

Southern:

Elu Prakrit:

desc

Dhivehi: ރިޔަން (riyan̊, “a unit of measure similar to a cubit”)

Sinhalese: රුයන (ruyana, “elbow”), රියන් (riyan, “cubit”)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਅਰਕ (arak)

Lahnda: اَرَک (arak)

Sindhi: ارڪ (irika, “elbow”)

/ɐˈɾɐt̪.n̪i/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haratníš (“elbow”), from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃l- (“elbow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬥𐬀 (ar^əθna), Persian آرنج (âranj), Ancient Greek ὠλένη (ōlénē, “elbow”), Latin ulna (“elbow”), English elbow.

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa


कुष्ठ

kúṣṭha (romanization)
कुष्ठः (nominative singular)
कुष्ठौ (dual nominative)
कुष्ठा1 (dual nominative)
कुष्ठाः (nominative plural)
कुष्ठासः1 (nominative plural)
कुष्ठ (singular vocative)
कुष्ठौ (dual vocative)
कुष्ठा1 (dual vocative)
कुष्ठाः (plural vocative)
कुष्ठासः1 (plural vocative)
कुष्ठम् (accusative singular)
कुष्ठौ (accusative dual)
कुष्ठा1 (accusative dual)
कुष्ठान् (accusative plural)
कुष्ठेन (instrumental singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुष्ठैः (instrumental plural)
कुष्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुष्ठाय (dative singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुष्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुष्ठात् (ablative singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुष्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुष्ठस्य (genitive singular)
कुष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
कुष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
कुष्ठे (locative singular)
कुष्ठयोः (dual locative)
कुष्ठेषु (locative plural)
कुष्ठम् (nominative singular)
कुष्ठे (dual nominative)
कुष्ठानि (nominative plural)
कुष्ठा1 (nominative plural)
कुष्ठ (singular vocative)
कुष्ठे (dual vocative)
कुष्ठानि (plural vocative)
कुष्ठा1 (plural vocative)
कुष्ठम् (accusative singular)
कुष्ठे (accusative dual)
कुष्ठानि (accusative plural)
कुष्ठा1 (accusative plural)
कुष्ठेन (instrumental singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुष्ठैः (instrumental plural)
कुष्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुष्ठाय (dative singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुष्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुष्ठात् (ablative singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुष्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुष्ठस्य (genitive singular)
कुष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
कुष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
कुष्ठे (locative singular)
कुष्ठयोः (dual locative)
कुष्ठेषु (locative plural)

→ Middle Armenian: քուշտ (kʻušt)

Pali: kuṭṭha, koṭṭha

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞 (kuṭṭha)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞 (kuṭṭha)

Hindi: कुट (kuṭ)

→ Ancient Greek: κόστος (kóstos), κόστον (kóston)

desctree

→ Arabic: قُسْط (qusṭ)
→ Middle Armenian: ղուստ (ġust), խուստ (xust), կոստ (kost), կօստ (kōst)
→ Coptic: ⲕⲟⲩⲥ̅ⲧ (kous̅t)

desc

→ Ge'ez: ቈስጥ (ḳʷäsṭ), ቈስጤ (ḳʷäsṭe), ቍስጥ (ḳʷəsṭ), ቁስጥ (ḳusṭ)

→ Classical Syriac: ܩܘܫܬܐ (qōštā)

→ Latin: costus, costum

→ Czech: kost

⇒ German: Kostwurz

→ Russian: кост (kost)

→ Tamil: கோஷ்டம் (kōṣṭam)

→ Tamil: கோஷ்டம் (kōṣṭam)

→ Tocharian B: kuṣṭa (learned)

Monier claims कु- (ku-) + स्थ (stha).
Perhaps related to कुठिक (kuṭhika).

तक्मन् तक्मन्#Sanskrit

crepe ginger; Hellenia speciosa (syn. Costus speciosus), traditionally used to cure तक्मन् (takman, “a skin disease”)


कुष्ठ

kuṣṭha (romanization)
कुष्ठम् (nominative singular)
कुष्ठे (dual nominative)
कुष्ठानि (nominative plural)
कुष्ठा1 (nominative plural)
कुष्ठ (singular vocative)
कुष्ठे (dual vocative)
कुष्ठानि (plural vocative)
कुष्ठा1 (plural vocative)
कुष्ठम् (accusative singular)
कुष्ठे (accusative dual)
कुष्ठानि (accusative plural)
कुष्ठा1 (accusative plural)
कुष्ठेन (instrumental singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुष्ठैः (instrumental plural)
कुष्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुष्ठाय (dative singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुष्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुष्ठात् (ablative singular)
कुष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुष्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुष्ठस्य (genitive singular)
कुष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
कुष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
कुष्ठे (locative singular)
कुष्ठयोः (dual locative)
कुष्ठेषु (locative plural)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (koṭṭha)

Gujarati: કોઢ (koḍh)

Hindi: कोढ़ (koṛh)

Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀠 (koḍha)

Old Punjabi: ਕੋੜ੍ਹੁ (koṛhu)

→ Indonesian: kusta (learned)

→ Magahi: 𑂍𑂷𑂀𑂜 (kõṛh)

→ Malayalam: കുഷ്ഠം (kuṣṭhaṁ)

→ Tocharian B: kuṣṭh (learned)


सिरा

sirā́ (romanization)
सिरा (nominative singular)
सिरे (dual nominative)
सिराः (nominative plural)
सिरे (singular vocative)
सिरे (dual vocative)
सिराः (plural vocative)
सिराम् (accusative singular)
सिरे (accusative dual)
सिराः (accusative plural)
सिरया (instrumental singular)
सिरा1 (instrumental singular)
सिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिराभिः (instrumental plural)
सिरायै (dative singular)
सिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिराभ्यः (dative plural)
सिरायाः (ablative singular)
सिरायै2 (ablative singular)
सिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिराभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिरायाः (genitive singular)
सिरायै2 (genitive singular)
सिरयोः (dual genitive)
सिराणाम् (genitive plural)
सिरायाम् (locative singular)
सिरयोः (dual locative)
सिरासु (locative plural)

Pali: sirā

desctree

Prakrit: सिरा (sirā), 𑀙𑀺𑀭𑀸 (chirā)
Gujarati: સેર (ser)
Marathi: शीर (śīr)
Bengali: শিরা (śira)
Odia: ସିରା (sirā)
Assamese: সিৰ (xir)

→ Tamil: சிரை (cirai)

→ Malayalam: ശിര (śira), സിര (sira)

Related to सीरा (sīrā́), further etymology unclear.

(anatomy) any tubular vessel of the body

any tubular vessel of the body
an artery


श्रोत्र

śrótra (romanization)
श्रोत्रम् (nominative singular)
श्रोत्रे (dual nominative)
श्रोत्राणि (nominative plural)
श्रोत्रा1 (nominative plural)
श्रोत्र (singular vocative)
श्रोत्रे (dual vocative)
श्रोत्राणि (plural vocative)
श्रोत्रा1 (plural vocative)
श्रोत्रम् (accusative singular)
श्रोत्रे (accusative dual)
श्रोत्राणि (accusative plural)
श्रोत्रा1 (accusative plural)
श्रोत्रेण (instrumental singular)
श्रोत्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रोत्रैः (instrumental plural)
श्रोत्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्रोत्राय (dative singular)
श्रोत्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रोत्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रोत्रात् (ablative singular)
श्रोत्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रोत्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रोत्रस्य (genitive singular)
श्रोत्रयोः (dual genitive)
श्रोत्राणाम् (genitive plural)
श्रोत्रे (locative singular)
श्रोत्रयोः (dual locative)
श्रोत्रेषु (locative plural)

Pali: sota

Prakrit: 𑀲𑁄𑀅 (soa)

→ Hindi: श्रोत्र (śrotra) (learned)

/ˈɕɾoːt̪.ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱléw-tro-m (“means of hearing”), from *ḱlew- (“to hear”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *hleuþrą (whence Icelandic hljóður). By surface analysis, श्रो (śro, full grade of श्रु (śru, “to hear”)) + -त्र (-tra, suffix indicating instrumentality).

surf

full grade of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">श्रु</i> (śru, “to hear”)

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

आयु॑र्य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां प्रा॒णो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पताम्-अपा॒नो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ व्या॒नो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ चक्षु॑र्य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पता॒ँ श्रोत्रं॑ य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ मनो॑ य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ वाग्य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पताम्-आ॒त्मा य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां य॒ज्ञो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पताम्

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.7.10

May life prosper through the worship, may expiration prosper through the worship, may inspiration prosper through the worship, may cross-breathing prosper through the worship, may the eye prosper through the worship, may the ear prosper through the worship, may mind prosper through the worship, may speech prosper through the worship, may the self prosper through the worship, may the worship prosper through the worship.

ā́yuryajñéna kalpatāṃ prāṇó yajñéna kalpatām-apānó yajñéna kalpatāṃ vyānó yajñéna kalpatāṃ cákṣuryajñéna kalpatām̐ śrotraṃ yajñéna kalpatāṃ máno yajñéna kalpatāṃ vā́gyajñéna kalpatām-ātmā́ yajñéna kalpatāṃ yajñó yajñéna kalpatām

श्रोत्रं चक्षुः स्पर्शनं च रसनं घ्राणमेव च।अधिष्ठाय मनश्चायं विषयानुपसेवते॥

The living entity, thus taking another gross body, obtains a certain type of ear, eye, tongue, nose and sense of touch, which are grouped about the mind. He thus enjoys a particular set of sense objects.

śrotraṃ cakṣuḥ sparśanaṃ ca rasanaṃ ghrāṇameva ca.adhiṣṭhāya manaścāyaṃ viṣayānupasevate.


नेत्रच्छद

netracchada (romanization)
नेत्रच्छदः (nominative singular)
नेत्रच्छदौ (dual nominative)
नेत्रच्छदाः (nominative plural)
नेत्रच्छद (singular vocative)
नेत्रच्छदौ (dual vocative)
नेत्रच्छदाः (plural vocative)
नेत्रच्छदम् (accusative singular)
नेत्रच्छदौ (accusative dual)
नेत्रच्छदान् (accusative plural)
नेत्रच्छदेन (instrumental singular)
नेत्रच्छदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नेत्रच्छदैः (instrumental plural)
नेत्रच्छदाय (dative singular)
नेत्रच्छदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नेत्रच्छदेभ्यः (dative plural)
नेत्रच्छदात् (ablative singular)
नेत्रच्छदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नेत्रच्छदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नेत्रच्छदस्य (genitive singular)
नेत्रच्छदयोः (dual genitive)
नेत्रच्छदानाम् (genitive plural)
नेत्रच्छदे (locative singular)
नेत्रच्छदयोः (dual locative)
नेत्रच्छदेषु (locative plural)

/n̪eːt̪ˈɾɐt̪.t͡ɕʰɐ.d̪ɐ/

[n̪eːt̪ˈɾɐt̪̚.t͡ɕʰɐ.d̪ɐ]

Compound of नेत्र (netra, “eye”) + -च्- (-c-) + छद (chada, “covering”).


नयनपुट

nayanapuṭa (romanization)
नयनपुटः (nominative singular)
नयनपुटौ (dual nominative)
नयनपुटाः (nominative plural)
नयनपुट (singular vocative)
नयनपुटौ (dual vocative)
नयनपुटाः (plural vocative)
नयनपुटम् (accusative singular)
नयनपुटौ (accusative dual)
नयनपुटान् (accusative plural)
नयनपुटेन (instrumental singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नयनपुटैः (instrumental plural)
नयनपुटाय (dative singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नयनपुटेभ्यः (dative plural)
नयनपुटात् (ablative singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नयनपुटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नयनपुटस्य (genitive singular)
नयनपुटयोः (dual genitive)
नयनपुटानाम् (genitive plural)
नयनपुटे (locative singular)
नयनपुटयोः (dual locative)
नयनपुटेषु (locative plural)
नयनपुटम् (nominative singular)
नयनपुटे (dual nominative)
नयनपुटानि (nominative plural)
नयनपुट (singular vocative)
नयनपुटे (dual vocative)
नयनपुटानि (plural vocative)
नयनपुटम् (accusative singular)
नयनपुटे (accusative dual)
नयनपुटानि (accusative plural)
नयनपुटेन (instrumental singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नयनपुटैः (instrumental plural)
नयनपुटाय (dative singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नयनपुटेभ्यः (dative plural)
नयनपुटात् (ablative singular)
नयनपुटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नयनपुटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नयनपुटस्य (genitive singular)
नयनपुटयोः (dual genitive)
नयनपुटानाम् (genitive plural)
नयनपुटे (locative singular)
नयनपुटयोः (dual locative)
नयनपुटेषु (locative plural)

Compound of नयन (nayana, “eye”) + पुट (puṭa, “covering”); coined by Varāhamihira.


तुण्ड

tuṇḍa (romanization)
तुण्डम् (nominative singular)
तुण्डे (dual nominative)
तुण्डानि (nominative plural)
तुण्डा1 (nominative plural)
तुण्ड (singular vocative)
तुण्डे (dual vocative)
तुण्डानि (plural vocative)
तुण्डा1 (plural vocative)
तुण्डम् (accusative singular)
तुण्डे (accusative dual)
तुण्डानि (accusative plural)
तुण्डा1 (accusative plural)
तुण्डेन (instrumental singular)
तुण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तुण्डैः (instrumental plural)
तुण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तुण्डाय (dative singular)
तुण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तुण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
तुण्डात् (ablative singular)
तुण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तुण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तुण्डस्य (genitive singular)
तुण्डयोः (dual genitive)
तुण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
तुण्डे (locative singular)
तुण्डयोः (dual locative)
तुण्डेषु (locative plural)

Borrowed from Dravidian, compare Malayalam തൊണ്ട (toṇṭa), Tamil தொண்டை (toṇṭai, “throat, gullet, windpipe, larynx, voice, singing voice”).


तुण्ड

tuṇḍa (romanization)
तुण्डः (nominative singular)
तुण्डौ (dual nominative)
तुण्डा1 (dual nominative)
तुण्डाः (nominative plural)
तुण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
तुण्ड (singular vocative)
तुण्डौ (dual vocative)
तुण्डा1 (dual vocative)
तुण्डाः (plural vocative)
तुण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
तुण्डम् (accusative singular)
तुण्डौ (accusative dual)
तुण्डा1 (accusative dual)
तुण्डान् (accusative plural)
तुण्डेन (instrumental singular)
तुण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तुण्डैः (instrumental plural)
तुण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तुण्डाय (dative singular)
तुण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तुण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
तुण्डात् (ablative singular)
तुण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तुण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तुण्डस्य (genitive singular)
तुण्डयोः (dual genitive)
तुण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
तुण्डे (locative singular)
तुण्डयोः (dual locative)
तुण्डेषु (locative plural)

Benincasa hispida
Benincasa hispida#Translingual


कपोल

kapolá (romanization)
कपोलः (nominative singular)
कपोलौ (dual nominative)
कपोला1 (dual nominative)
कपोलाः (nominative plural)
कपोलासः1 (nominative plural)
कपोल (singular vocative)
कपोलौ (dual vocative)
कपोला1 (dual vocative)
कपोलाः (plural vocative)
कपोलासः1 (plural vocative)
कपोलम् (accusative singular)
कपोलौ (accusative dual)
कपोला1 (accusative dual)
कपोलान् (accusative plural)
कपोलेन (instrumental singular)
कपोलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कपोलैः (instrumental plural)
कपोलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कपोलाय (dative singular)
कपोलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कपोलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कपोलात् (ablative singular)
कपोलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कपोलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कपोलस्य (genitive singular)
कपोलयोः (dual genitive)
कपोलानाम् (genitive plural)
कपोले (locative singular)
कपोलयोः (dual locative)
कपोलेषु (locative plural)

Pali: kapola

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀯𑁄𑀮 (kavola)
Apabhramsa: kavola
Devanagari script: कवोल
Sharada script: 𑆑𑆮𑆾𑆬

→ Hindi: कपोल (kapol)

→ Telugu: కపోలము (kapōlamu)

As a (1) trisyllabic noun with long medial vowel, and (2) noun prefixed with ka-, ki-, ku-, the lemma is characteristic, even prototypical, of proposed loanwords in Vedic from an unknown substrate, dubbed "language X" by Masica, and Proto-Munda by Witzel, expanding on observations by Pinnow and Mayrhofer. Claims of borrowing from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kapVḷ, are described as 'possible', though dispreferred to the above, by Turner, but rejected implicitly by Mayrhofer and explicitly by Witzel and Masica.
Under the orthodox explanation, related to Old English hafela and Latin caput (“head”).


दुग्धाग्र

dugdhāgra (romanization)
दुग्धाग्रम् (nominative singular)
दुग्धाग्रे (dual nominative)
दुग्धाग्राणि (nominative plural)
दुग्धाग्रा1 (nominative plural)
दुग्धाग्र (singular vocative)
दुग्धाग्रे (dual vocative)
दुग्धाग्राणि (plural vocative)
दुग्धाग्रा1 (plural vocative)
दुग्धाग्रम् (accusative singular)
दुग्धाग्रे (accusative dual)
दुग्धाग्राणि (accusative plural)
दुग्धाग्रा1 (accusative plural)
दुग्धाग्रेण (instrumental singular)
दुग्धाग्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दुग्धाग्रैः (instrumental plural)
दुग्धाग्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दुग्धाग्राय (dative singular)
दुग्धाग्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
दुग्धाग्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
दुग्धाग्रात् (ablative singular)
दुग्धाग्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दुग्धाग्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दुग्धाग्रस्य (genitive singular)
दुग्धाग्रयोः (dual genitive)
दुग्धाग्राणाम् (genitive plural)
दुग्धाग्रे (locative singular)
दुग्धाग्रयोः (dual locative)
दुग्धाग्रेषु (locative plural)

/duɡ.dʱɑːɡ.ɾɐ/

[duɡ̚.dʱɑːɡ.ɾɐ]

/d̪uɡˈd̪ʱɑːɡ.ɾɐ/

[d̪uɡ̚ˈd̪ʱɑːɡ.ɾɐ]

Compound of दुग्ध (dugdhá, “milk”) + अग्र (ágra, “top, summit; best part [of something]”), literally “top/best part of milk”.


बस्तिकोप

(pathology) cystitis ― inflammation of the urinary bladder


सन्धान

sandhāna (romanization)
सन्धानम् (nominative singular)
सन्धाने (dual nominative)
सन्धानानि (nominative plural)
सन्धाना1 (nominative plural)
सन्धान (singular vocative)
सन्धाने (dual vocative)
सन्धानानि (plural vocative)
सन्धाना1 (plural vocative)
सन्धानम् (accusative singular)
सन्धाने (accusative dual)
सन्धानानि (accusative plural)
सन्धाना1 (accusative plural)
सन्धानेन (instrumental singular)
सन्धानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सन्धानैः (instrumental plural)
सन्धानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सन्धानाय (dative singular)
सन्धानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सन्धानेभ्यः (dative plural)
सन्धानात् (ablative singular)
सन्धानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सन्धानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सन्धानस्य (genitive singular)
सन्धानयोः (dual genitive)
सन्धानानाम् (genitive plural)
सन्धाने (locative singular)
सन्धानयोः (dual locative)
सन्धानेषु (locative plural)

/s̪ɐn̪ˈd̪ʱɑː.n̪ɐ/

(alcoholic beverages) spirituous alcohol


कनीनिका

kanī́nikā (romanization)
कनीनिका (nominative singular)
कनीनिके (dual nominative)
कनीनिकाः (nominative plural)
कनीनिके (singular vocative)
कनीनिके (dual vocative)
कनीनिकाः (plural vocative)
कनीनिकाम् (accusative singular)
कनीनिके (accusative dual)
कनीनिकाः (accusative plural)
कनीनिकया (instrumental singular)
कनीनिका1 (instrumental singular)
कनीनिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कनीनिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
कनीनिकायै (dative singular)
कनीनिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कनीनिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
कनीनिकायाः (ablative singular)
कनीनिकायै2 (ablative singular)
कनीनिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कनीनिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कनीनिकायाः (genitive singular)
कनीनिकायै2 (genitive singular)
कनीनिकयोः (dual genitive)
कनीनिकानाम् (genitive plural)
कनीनिकायाम् (locative singular)
कनीनिकयोः (dual locative)
कनीनिकासु (locative plural)

From कनीनक (kanīnaká, “boy, child”) + -आ (-ā, feminine suffix).


चूडा

Dardic:

Dameli: čṓŕu, čũŕ

⇒ Dameli: čuŕwyéla

Kalasha: čū̃ŕi

Khowar: چڵ (čuḷ)

Pashayi:

Northwest Pashayi: ċūn

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Kamkata-viri: čuŕ

Waigali: čuṛúk

Pali: cūḷā

desc

Prakrit: 𑀘𑀽𑀟𑀸 (cūḍā), 𑀘𑀽𑀮𑀸 (cūlā), 𑀘𑀽𑀮𑀺𑀬𑀸 (cūliyā)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Balkan Romani: čurn

Baltic Romani: čur

Hindustani:

Hindi: चूड़ (cūṛ), चूड़ा (cūṛā), चूल (cūl), चोँडा (cõḍā), चोँड़ा (cõṛā)

Urdu: چُوڑ (cūṛ), چُوڑَا (cūṛā), چُول (cūl), چوںڈَا (cõḍā), چوںڑَا (cõṛā)

Romani: čui̦ya

Welsh Romani: čōrn

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: চুলি (suli), চুলা (sula)

Bengali: চুল (cul), চুলা (cula)

Bihari: चूर (cūr), चूल (cūl)

Bhojpuri: चुरिया (curiyā)

Maithili: चूड़ (cūṛ)

Odia: ଚୂଡ଼ (cuṛa), ଚୂଳ (cuḷa), ଚୂଲା (culā), ଚୂଳି (cuḷi)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: चुलो (culo), चुई (cuī)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: चुर (cura), चुरो (curo), चुलि (culi)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Lahnda: چںڑ (cūṛ), چوںڑی (cū̃ṛī), چول (cūl), چولں (cūlã), چوںڈا (cū̃ḍā)

Punjabi: cūl, cūlā, cū̃ḍā

Gurmukhi script: ਚੂਲ, ਚੂਲਾ, ਚੂੰਡਾ

Shahmukhi script: چُول, چُولَا, چُوںڈَا

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: cūṛa, cūṛi

Arabic script: چُوڙَ, چُوڙِ

Devanagari script: चूड़, चूड़ि

Southern:

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: cuḍi

Devanagari script: चुडि

Kannada script: ಚುಡಿ

Latin script: chuddi

Marathi: चूड (ċūḍ), चूळत (ċūḷat)

Prakrit: 𑀘𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀻 (cŏṭṭī)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: cuṭiyā

Hindi: चुटिया

Hindi: चुटिया

Urdu: چُٹِیَا (cuṭiyā)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Odia: ଚୂଟି (cuṭi), ଚୁଂଦି (cundi)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: चोट (ċoṭ)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Lahnda: چوٹی (coṭī)

Punjabi: coṭṭā

Gurmukhi script: ਚੋੱਟਾ

Shahmukhi script: چوٹَّا

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: coṭu|, coṭo|, coṭī

Arabic script: چوٽُ, چوٽو, چوٽِي

Devanagari script: चोटु, चोटो, चोटी

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ހުޅި (huḷi), އުޅި (uḷi), ހުޅު (huḷu)

Sinhalese: සිළු (siḷu)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: ચોટી (coṭī), ચોટલી (coṭlī), ચોટલો (coṭlo)

/ˈt͡ɕuː.ɖɑː/

a single lock or tuft left on the crown of the head after tonsure


वक्षस्

vákṣas (romanization)
वक्षः (nominative singular)
वक्षसी (dual nominative)
वक्षांसि (nominative plural)
वक्षः (singular vocative)
वक्षसी (dual vocative)
वक्षांसि (plural vocative)
वक्षः (accusative singular)
वक्षसी (accusative dual)
वक्षांसि (accusative plural)
वक्षसा (instrumental singular)
वक्षोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वक्षोभिः (instrumental plural)
वक्षसे (dative singular)
वक्षोभ्याम् (dative dual)
वक्षोभ्यः (dative plural)
वक्षसः (ablative singular)
वक्षोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वक्षोभ्यः (ablative plural)
वक्षसः (genitive singular)
वक्षसोः (dual genitive)
वक्षसाम् (genitive plural)
वक्षसि (locative singular)
वक्षसोः (dual locative)
वक्षःसु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀙 (vaccha), 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔 (vakkha)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: wakṣa
> Javanese: ꦮꦏ꧀ꦱ (waksa) (inherited)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hwákṣas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwákšas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wég-s-os ~ *h₂wég-s-es-, from *h₂weg- (“to enlarge, increase”).


अंसकूट

áṃsakūṭa (romanization)
अंसकूटः (nominative singular)
अंसकूटौ (dual nominative)
अंसकूटा1 (dual nominative)
अंसकूटाः (nominative plural)
अंसकूटासः1 (nominative plural)
अंसकूट (singular vocative)
अंसकूटौ (dual vocative)
अंसकूटा1 (dual vocative)
अंसकूटाः (plural vocative)
अंसकूटासः1 (plural vocative)
अंसकूटम् (accusative singular)
अंसकूटौ (accusative dual)
अंसकूटा1 (accusative dual)
अंसकूटान् (accusative plural)
अंसकूटेन (instrumental singular)
अंसकूटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंसकूटैः (instrumental plural)
अंसकूटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अंसकूटाय (dative singular)
अंसकूटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंसकूटेभ्यः (dative plural)
अंसकूटात् (ablative singular)
अंसकूटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंसकूटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंसकूटस्य (genitive singular)
अंसकूटयोः (dual genitive)
अंसकूटानाम् (genitive plural)
अंसकूटे (locative singular)
अंसकूटयोः (dual locative)
अंसकूटेषु (locative plural)

/ɐ̃.s̪ɐˈkuː.ʈɐ/

From अंस (áṃsa, “shoulder”) + कूट (kū́ṭa, “any prominence or projection”).


अंसफलक

aṃsaphalaká (romanization)
अंसफलकम् (nominative singular)
अंसफलके (dual nominative)
अंसफलकानि (nominative plural)
अंसफलका1 (nominative plural)
अंसफलक (singular vocative)
अंसफलके (dual vocative)
अंसफलकानि (plural vocative)
अंसफलका1 (plural vocative)
अंसफलकम् (accusative singular)
अंसफलके (accusative dual)
अंसफलकानि (accusative plural)
अंसफलका1 (accusative plural)
अंसफलकेन (instrumental singular)
अंसफलकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंसफलकैः (instrumental plural)
अंसफलकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अंसफलकाय (dative singular)
अंसफलकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंसफलकेभ्यः (dative plural)
अंसफलकात् (ablative singular)
अंसफलकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंसफलकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंसफलकस्य (genitive singular)
अंसफलकयोः (dual genitive)
अंसफलकानाम् (genitive plural)
अंसफलके (locative singular)
अंसफलकयोः (dual locative)
अंसफलकेषु (locative plural)

/ɐ̃ˈs̪ɐ.pʰɐ.l̪ɐ.kɐ/

From अंस (áṃsa, “shoulder”) + फलक (phalaka, “any flat surface (of a part of the body)”).


अंसपृष्ठ

sa-noun

अंसपृष्ठ • (áṃsapṛṣṭha) stem, n

áṃsapṛṣṭha (romanization)
अंसपृष्ठम् (nominative singular)
अंसपृष्ठे (dual nominative)
अंसपृष्ठानि (nominative plural)
अंसपृष्ठा1 (nominative plural)
अंसपृष्ठ (singular vocative)
अंसपृष्ठे (dual vocative)
अंसपृष्ठानि (plural vocative)
अंसपृष्ठा1 (plural vocative)
अंसपृष्ठम् (accusative singular)
अंसपृष्ठे (accusative dual)
अंसपृष्ठानि (accusative plural)
अंसपृष्ठा1 (accusative plural)
अंसपृष्ठेन (instrumental singular)
अंसपृष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अंसपृष्ठैः (instrumental plural)
अंसपृष्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अंसपृष्ठाय (dative singular)
अंसपृष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अंसपृष्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
अंसपृष्ठात् (ablative singular)
अंसपृष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अंसपृष्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अंसपृष्ठस्य (genitive singular)
अंसपृष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
अंसपृष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
अंसपृष्ठे (locative singular)
अंसपृष्ठयोः (dual locative)
अंसपृष्ठेषु (locative plural)

/ɐ̃́.sɐ.pr̩ʂ.ʈʰɐ/

/ɐ̃.s̪ɐˈpr̩ʂ.ʈʰɐ/

From अंस (áṃsa, “shoulder”) + पृष्ठ (pṛṣṭhá, “back of an animal”).


न्यून

nyū̀na (romanization)
metrical Vedic níyūna (romanization)
न्यूनः (nominative singular)
न्यूनौ (dual nominative)
न्यूना1 (dual nominative)
न्यूनाः (nominative plural)
न्यूनासः1 (nominative plural)
न्यून (singular vocative)
न्यूनौ (dual vocative)
न्यूना1 (dual vocative)
न्यूनाः (plural vocative)
न्यूनासः1 (plural vocative)
न्यूनम् (accusative singular)
न्यूनौ (accusative dual)
न्यूना1 (accusative dual)
न्यूनान् (accusative plural)
न्यूनेन (instrumental singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
न्यूनैः (instrumental plural)
न्यूनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
न्यूनाय (dative singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
न्यूनेभ्यः (dative plural)
न्यूनात् (ablative singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
न्यूनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
न्यूनस्य (genitive singular)
न्यूनयोः (dual genitive)
न्यूनानाम् (genitive plural)
न्यूने (locative singular)
न्यूनयोः (dual locative)
न्यूनेषु (locative plural)
न्यूना (nominative singular)
न्यूने (dual nominative)
न्यूनाः (nominative plural)
न्यूने (singular vocative)
न्यूने (dual vocative)
न्यूनाः (plural vocative)
न्यूनाम् (accusative singular)
न्यूने (accusative dual)
न्यूनाः (accusative plural)
न्यूनया (instrumental singular)
न्यूना1 (instrumental singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
न्यूनाभिः (instrumental plural)
न्यूनायै (dative singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
न्यूनाभ्यः (dative plural)
न्यूनायाः (ablative singular)
न्यूनायै2 (ablative singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
न्यूनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
न्यूनायाः (genitive singular)
न्यूनायै2 (genitive singular)
न्यूनयोः (dual genitive)
न्यूनानाम् (genitive plural)
न्यूनायाम् (locative singular)
न्यूनयोः (dual locative)
न्यूनासु (locative plural)
न्यूनम् (nominative singular)
न्यूने (dual nominative)
न्यूनानि (nominative plural)
न्यूना1 (nominative plural)
न्यून (singular vocative)
न्यूने (dual vocative)
न्यूनानि (plural vocative)
न्यूना1 (plural vocative)
न्यूनम् (accusative singular)
न्यूने (accusative dual)
न्यूनानि (accusative plural)
न्यूना1 (accusative plural)
न्यूनेन (instrumental singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
न्यूनैः (instrumental plural)
न्यूनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
न्यूनाय (dative singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
न्यूनेभ्यः (dative plural)
न्यूनात् (ablative singular)
न्यूनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
न्यूनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
न्यूनस्य (genitive singular)
न्यूनयोः (dual genitive)
न्यूनानाम् (genitive plural)
न्यूने (locative singular)
न्यूनयोः (dual locative)
न्यूनेषु (locative plural)

समंबिला योनिर्वा इयं रेत इदं यद्वै रेतसो योनिमतिरिच्यतेऽमुया तद्भवत्यथ यन्न्यूनं व्यृद्धं तदेतद्वै रेतसः समृद्धं यत्समम्बिलं चतुःस्रक्तिरेष कूपो भवति चतस्रो वै दिशः सर्वाभ्य एवैनमेतद्दिग्भ्यः खनति

It (the lump of clay) should be as large as the hole: thus this earth (or clay) becomes his (Agni's) self. And as to its (being) as large as the hole, -- this earth is the womb, and this clay is seed; and whatever part of the seed exceeds the womb, becomes useless; and what is deficient, is unsuccessful; but that part of the seed which is within the hole is successful. Four-cornered is this hole, for there are four quarters: from all the four quarters he thus digs him out.

samaṃbilā yonirvā iyaṃ reta idaṃ yadvai retaso yonimatiricyateʼmuyā tadbhavatyatha yannyūnaṃ vyṛddhaṃ tadetadvai retasaḥ samṛddhaṃ yatsamambilaṃ catuḥsraktireṣa kūpo bhavati catasro vai diśaḥ sarvābhya evainametaddigbhyaḥ khanati


लोहित

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hráwdʰitas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬙𐬀 (raoⁱδita), English red. Doublet of रोहित (rohita). Also related to रुधिर (rudhira, “red”).

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda


कल्प

kálpa (romanization)
कल्पः (nominative singular)
कल्पौ (dual nominative)
कल्पा1 (dual nominative)
कल्पाः (nominative plural)
कल्पासः1 (nominative plural)
कल्प (singular vocative)
कल्पौ (dual vocative)
कल्पा1 (dual vocative)
कल्पाः (plural vocative)
कल्पासः1 (plural vocative)
कल्पम् (accusative singular)
कल्पौ (accusative dual)
कल्पा1 (accusative dual)
कल्पान् (accusative plural)
कल्पेन (instrumental singular)
कल्पाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कल्पैः (instrumental plural)
कल्पेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कल्पाय (dative singular)
कल्पाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कल्पेभ्यः (dative plural)
कल्पात् (ablative singular)
कल्पाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कल्पेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कल्पस्य (genitive singular)
कल्पयोः (dual genitive)
कल्पानाम् (genitive plural)
कल्पे (locative singular)
कल्पयोः (dual locative)
कल्पेषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨐𐨤𐨂 (kapu), 𐨐𐨤 (kapa)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: কাপ (kap)

Bengali: কল্প (kolpo)

Pali: kappa

→ Burmese: ကပ် (kap)

→ Thai: กัป (gàp)

→ English: kalpa

→ Sogdian: 𐼸𐼹𐼾𐼰 (klpʾ /*kalpa/), 𐼋𐼘𐼔𐼁 (krpʾ /*karpa, kalpa/)

→ Manchu: ᡬᠠᠯᠠᠪ (g'alab)

→ Middle Chinese: 劫 (MC kjaep) (possibly indirectly)

desc

→ Thai: กัลป์

→ Thai: กัลป์

→ Tibetan: བསྐལ་པ (bskal pa)

→ Tocharian A: kalp

→ Tocharian B: kālp

From कॢप् (kḷp) + -अ (-a, nominalizing suffix).

suf

(medicine) treatment of the sick, manner of curing


भल्लातक

bhallātaka (romanization)
भल्लातकः (nominative singular)
भल्लातकौ (dual nominative)
भल्लातका1 (dual nominative)
भल्लातकाः (nominative plural)
भल्लातकासः1 (nominative plural)
भल्लातक (singular vocative)
भल्लातकौ (dual vocative)
भल्लातका1 (dual vocative)
भल्लातकाः (plural vocative)
भल्लातकासः1 (plural vocative)
भल्लातकम् (accusative singular)
भल्लातकौ (accusative dual)
भल्लातका1 (accusative dual)
भल्लातकान् (accusative plural)
भल्लातकेन (instrumental singular)
भल्लातकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भल्लातकैः (instrumental plural)
भल्लातकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भल्लातकाय (dative singular)
भल्लातकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भल्लातकेभ्यः (dative plural)
भल्लातकात् (ablative singular)
भल्लातकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भल्लातकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भल्लातकस्य (genitive singular)
भल्लातकयोः (dual genitive)
भल्लातकानाम् (genitive plural)
भल्लातके (locative singular)
भल्लातकयोः (dual locative)
भल्लातकेषु (locative plural)

/bʱɐl̪ˈl̪ɑː.t̪ɐ.kɐ/

Semecarpus anacardium
Semecarpus anacardium#Translingual

the marking nut plant, Semecarpus anacardium (from which is extracted an acid juice used for medicinal purposes, and a black liquid used for marking linen)


मेरुदण्ड

merudaṇḍa (romanization)
मेरुदण्डः (nominative singular)
मेरुदण्डौ (dual nominative)
मेरुदण्डा1 (dual nominative)
मेरुदण्डाः (nominative plural)
मेरुदण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
मेरुदण्ड (singular vocative)
मेरुदण्डौ (dual vocative)
मेरुदण्डा1 (dual vocative)
मेरुदण्डाः (plural vocative)
मेरुदण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
मेरुदण्डम् (accusative singular)
मेरुदण्डौ (accusative dual)
मेरुदण्डा1 (accusative dual)
मेरुदण्डान् (accusative plural)
मेरुदण्डेन (instrumental singular)
मेरुदण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मेरुदण्डैः (instrumental plural)
मेरुदण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मेरुदण्डाय (dative singular)
मेरुदण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मेरुदण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
मेरुदण्डात् (ablative singular)
मेरुदण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मेरुदण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मेरुदण्डस्य (genitive singular)
मेरुदण्डयोः (dual genitive)
मेरुदण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
मेरुदण्डे (locative singular)
मेरुदण्डयोः (dual locative)
मेरुदण्डेषु (locative plural)

/meː.ɾuˈd̪ɐɳ.ɖɐ/


कषेरुका

kaṣerukā (romanization)
कषेरुका (nominative singular)
कषेरुके (dual nominative)
कषेरुकाः (nominative plural)
कषेरुके (singular vocative)
कषेरुके (dual vocative)
कषेरुकाः (plural vocative)
कषेरुकाम् (accusative singular)
कषेरुके (accusative dual)
कषेरुकाः (accusative plural)
कषेरुकया (instrumental singular)
कषेरुका1 (instrumental singular)
कषेरुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कषेरुकाभिः (instrumental plural)
कषेरुकायै (dative singular)
कषेरुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कषेरुकाभ्यः (dative plural)
कषेरुकायाः (ablative singular)
कषेरुकायै2 (ablative singular)
कषेरुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कषेरुकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कषेरुकायाः (genitive singular)
कषेरुकायै2 (genitive singular)
कषेरुकयोः (dual genitive)
कषेरुकाणाम् (genitive plural)
कषेरुकायाम् (locative singular)
कषेरुकयोः (dual locative)
कषेरुकासु (locative plural)


हस्ततल

hastatala (romanization)
हस्ततलम् (nominative singular)
हस्ततले (dual nominative)
हस्ततलानि (nominative plural)
हस्ततला1 (nominative plural)
हस्ततल (singular vocative)
हस्ततले (dual vocative)
हस्ततलानि (plural vocative)
हस्ततला1 (plural vocative)
हस्ततलम् (accusative singular)
हस्ततले (accusative dual)
हस्ततलानि (accusative plural)
हस्ततला1 (accusative plural)
हस्ततलेन (instrumental singular)
हस्ततलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हस्ततलैः (instrumental plural)
हस्ततलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हस्ततलाय (dative singular)
हस्ततलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हस्ततलेभ्यः (dative plural)
हस्ततलात् (ablative singular)
हस्ततलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हस्ततलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हस्ततलस्य (genitive singular)
हस्ततलयोः (dual genitive)
हस्ततलानाम् (genitive plural)
हस्ततले (locative singular)
हस्ततलयोः (dual locative)
हस्ततलेषु (locative plural)

Punjabi: hatheḷī ("palm of the hand")

Gurmukhi script: ਹਥੇਲ਼ੀ

Shahmukhi script: ہتھیࣇی

Hindi: हथेली (hathelī)

/ˈɦɐs̪.t̪ɐ.t̪ɐ.l̪ɐ/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas
Sanskrit हस्त (hasta)
Proto-Indo-Iranian *tálas
Sanskrit तल (tala)
Sanskrit हस्ततल (hastatala)
Compound of हस्त (hasta) + तल (tala).


उण्डुक

uṇḍuka (romanization)
उण्डुकः (nominative singular)
उण्डुकौ (dual nominative)
उण्डुका1 (dual nominative)
उण्डुकाः (nominative plural)
उण्डुकासः1 (nominative plural)
उण्डुक (singular vocative)
उण्डुकौ (dual vocative)
उण्डुका1 (dual vocative)
उण्डुकाः (plural vocative)
उण्डुकासः1 (plural vocative)
उण्डुकम् (accusative singular)
उण्डुकौ (accusative dual)
उण्डुका1 (accusative dual)
उण्डुकान् (accusative plural)
उण्डुकेन (instrumental singular)
उण्डुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उण्डुकैः (instrumental plural)
उण्डुकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उण्डुकाय (dative singular)
उण्डुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उण्डुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
उण्डुकात् (ablative singular)
उण्डुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उण्डुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उण्डुकस्य (genitive singular)
उण्डुकयोः (dual genitive)
उण्डुकानाम् (genitive plural)
उण्डुके (locative singular)
उण्डुकयोः (dual locative)
उण्डुकेषु (locative plural)


कटि

kaṭi (romanization)
कटिः (nominative singular)
कटी (dual nominative)
कटयः (nominative plural)
कटे (singular vocative)
कटी (dual vocative)
कटयः (plural vocative)
कटिम् (accusative singular)
कटी (accusative dual)
कटीः (accusative plural)
कट्या (instrumental singular)
कटी1 (instrumental singular)
कटिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कटिभिः (instrumental plural)
कटये (dative singular)
कट्यै2 (dative singular)
कटी1 (dative singular)
कटिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कटिभ्यः (dative plural)
कटेः (ablative singular)
कट्याः2 (ablative singular)
कट्यै3 (ablative singular)
कटिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कटिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कटेः (genitive singular)
कट्याः2 (genitive singular)
कट्यै3 (genitive singular)
कट्योः (dual genitive)
कटीनाम् (genitive plural)
कटौ (locative singular)
कट्याम्2 (locative singular)
कटा1 (locative singular)
कट्योः (dual locative)
कटिषु (locative plural)

Borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil கடம் (kaṭam, “mountain side, elephant's temple”), Kannada ಕಡೆ (kaḍe, “side, end”), Telugu కడ (kaḍa).


लोल

lola (romanization)
लोलः (nominative singular)
लोलौ (dual nominative)
लोला1 (dual nominative)
लोलाः (nominative plural)
लोलासः1 (nominative plural)
लोल (singular vocative)
लोलौ (dual vocative)
लोला1 (dual vocative)
लोलाः (plural vocative)
लोलासः1 (plural vocative)
लोलम् (accusative singular)
लोलौ (accusative dual)
लोला1 (accusative dual)
लोलान् (accusative plural)
लोलेन (instrumental singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लोलैः (instrumental plural)
लोलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
लोलाय (dative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
लोलेभ्यः (dative plural)
लोलात् (ablative singular)
लोलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लोलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
लोलस्य (genitive singular)
लोलयोः (dual genitive)
लोलानाम् (genitive plural)
लोले (locative singular)
लोलयोः (dual locative)
लोलेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: लोल (lol) (learned)

From the root लुल् (lul, “to move to and fro, roll about, stir”).


प्रकोप

prakopa (romanization)
प्रकोपः (nominative singular)
प्रकोपौ (dual nominative)
प्रकोपा1 (dual nominative)
प्रकोपाः (nominative plural)
प्रकोपासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रकोप (singular vocative)
प्रकोपौ (dual vocative)
प्रकोपा1 (dual vocative)
प्रकोपाः (plural vocative)
प्रकोपासः1 (plural vocative)
प्रकोपम् (accusative singular)
प्रकोपौ (accusative dual)
प्रकोपा1 (accusative dual)
प्रकोपान् (accusative plural)
प्रकोपेण (instrumental singular)
प्रकोपाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रकोपैः (instrumental plural)
प्रकोपेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रकोपाय (dative singular)
प्रकोपाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रकोपेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रकोपात् (ablative singular)
प्रकोपाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रकोपेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रकोपस्य (genitive singular)
प्रकोपयोः (dual genitive)
प्रकोपाणाम् (genitive plural)
प्रकोपे (locative singular)
प्रकोपयोः (dual locative)
प्रकोपेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: प्रकोप (prakop) (learned)

(medicine) excess, superabundance, vitiation


आण्ड

sa-noun

आ॒ण्ड • (āṇḍá) stem, m

आ॒ण्ड (canonical)
āṇḍá (romanization)
आण्डः (nominative singular)
आण्डौ (dual nominative)
आण्डा1 (dual nominative)
आण्डाः (nominative plural)
आण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
आण्ड (singular vocative)
आण्डौ (dual vocative)
आण्डा1 (dual vocative)
आण्डाः (plural vocative)
आण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
आण्डम् (accusative singular)
आण्डौ (accusative dual)
आण्डा1 (accusative dual)
आण्डान् (accusative plural)
आण्डेन (instrumental singular)
आण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आण्डैः (instrumental plural)
आण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
आण्डाय (dative singular)
आण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
आण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
आण्डात् (ablative singular)
आण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
आण्डस्य (genitive singular)
आण्डयोः (dual genitive)
आण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
आण्डे (locative singular)
आण्डयोः (dual locative)
आण्डेषु (locative plural)

⇒ Sanskrit: अण्ड (aṇḍá) (later form) (see there for further descendants)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Aryan *āndrám
Sanskrit आ॒ण्ड (āṇḍá)
Uncertain. A late Vedic corruption of an earlier *आ॒न्द्र (āndrá), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *āndrám; compare Kalasha ónḍrak (“egg”).
Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁en-dʰró-m, from *h₁én (“in”), compare Proto-Slavic *ędro (“kernel”). Or perhaps related to Proto-Iranian *Hāwyám (“egg”) and reshaped under the influence of a substrate term, perhaps the origin for पिण्ड (piṇḍa, “lump”) and मण्डल (maṇḍala, “circle”), which also denote round things.
Per Kuiper, borrowed from Proto-Munda [Term?], compare Sora [script needed] (adre, “egg”), Kharia [script needed] (eṇḍá, “egg”); however, it is more likely that the Munda terms are Indo-Aryan loans.

etymon

आ॒ण्ड

बृहस्पतिरमत हि त्यदासां नाम स्वरीणां सदने गुहा यत् ।
आण्डेव भित्त्वा शकुनस्य गर्भमुदुस्रियाः पर्वतस्य त्मनाजत् ॥
bṛhaspatiramata hi tyadāsāṃ nāma svarīṇāṃ sadane guhā yat.
āṇḍeva bhittvā śakunasya garbhamudusriyāḥ parvatasya tmanājat.

And drove, himself, the bright kine from the mountain, like a bird's young after the egg's breaking.

That secret name borne by the lowing cattle within the cave Bṛhaspati discovered,

क्रोधो वृक्कौ मन्युर् आण्डौ प्रजा शेपः ॥

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 9.7.13

Wrath [represents] the kidneys, anger the testes, offspring the generative organ [of the Divine Bull].


त्वच्छेद

tvaccheda (romanization)
त्वच्छेदः (nominative singular)
त्वच्छेदौ (dual nominative)
त्वच्छेदाः (nominative plural)
त्वच्छेद (singular vocative)
त्वच्छेदौ (dual vocative)
त्वच्छेदाः (plural vocative)
त्वच्छेदम् (accusative singular)
त्वच्छेदौ (accusative dual)
त्वच्छेदान् (accusative plural)
त्वच्छेदेन (instrumental singular)
त्वच्छेदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
त्वच्छेदैः (instrumental plural)
त्वच्छेदाय (dative singular)
त्वच्छेदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
त्वच्छेदेभ्यः (dative plural)
त्वच्छेदात् (ablative singular)
त्वच्छेदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
त्वच्छेदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
त्वच्छेदस्य (genitive singular)
त्वच्छेदयोः (dual genitive)
त्वच्छेदानाम् (genitive plural)
त्वच्छेदे (locative singular)
त्वच्छेदयोः (dual locative)
त्वच्छेदेषु (locative plural)

/t̪ʋɐt̪ˈt͡ɕʰeː.d̪ɐ/

[t̪ʋɐt̪̚ˈt͡ɕʰeː.d̪ɐ]

From त्वच् (tvác, “skin”) + छेद (cheda, “cutting, incision”).


गर्भनाडी

garbhanāḍī (romanization)
गर्भनाडी (nominative singular)
गर्भनाड्यौ (dual nominative)
गर्भनाडी1 (dual nominative)
गर्भनाड्यः (nominative plural)
गर्भनाडीः1 (nominative plural)
गर्भनाडि (singular vocative)
गर्भनाड्यौ (dual vocative)
गर्भनाडी1 (dual vocative)
गर्भनाड्यः (plural vocative)
गर्भनाडीः1 (plural vocative)
गर्भनाडीम् (accusative singular)
गर्भनाड्यौ (accusative dual)
गर्भनाडी1 (accusative dual)
गर्भनाडीः (accusative plural)
गर्भनाड्या (instrumental singular)
गर्भनाडीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गर्भनाडीभिः (instrumental plural)
गर्भनाड्यै (dative singular)
गर्भनाडीभ्याम् (dative dual)
गर्भनाडीभ्यः (dative plural)
गर्भनाड्याः (ablative singular)
गर्भनाड्यै2 (ablative singular)
गर्भनाडीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गर्भनाडीभ्यः (ablative plural)
गर्भनाड्याः (genitive singular)
गर्भनाड्यै2 (genitive singular)
गर्भनाड्योः (dual genitive)
गर्भनाडीनाम् (genitive plural)
गर्भनाड्याम् (locative singular)
गर्भनाड्योः (dual locative)
गर्भनाडीषु (locative plural)

desc

→ Hindi: गर्भनाड़ी (garbhanāṛī) (learned)

/ɡɐɾ.bʱɐ.nɑː.ɖiː/

/ɡɐɾ.bʱɐˈn̪ɑː.ɖiː/

Compound of गर्भ (gárbha, “womb; embryo”) + नाडी (nāḍī́, “tube; blood-vessel”).


नाडी

sa-noun

नाडी • (nāḍī́) stem, f

nāḍī́ (romanization)
नाडी (nominative singular)
नाड्यौ (dual nominative)
नाडी1 (dual nominative)
नाड्यः (nominative plural)
नाडीः1 (nominative plural)
नाडि (singular vocative)
नाड्यौ (dual vocative)
नाडी1 (dual vocative)
नाड्यः (plural vocative)
नाडीः1 (plural vocative)
नाडीम् (accusative singular)
नाड्यौ (accusative dual)
नाडी1 (accusative dual)
नाडीः (accusative plural)
नाड्या (instrumental singular)
नाडीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाडीभिः (instrumental plural)
नाड्यै (dative singular)
नाडीभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाडीभ्यः (dative plural)
नाड्याः (ablative singular)
नाड्यै2 (ablative singular)
नाडीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाडीभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाड्याः (genitive singular)
नाड्यै2 (genitive singular)
नाड्योः (dual genitive)
नाडीनाम् (genitive plural)
नाड्याम् (locative singular)
नाड्योः (dual locative)
नाडीषु (locative plural)

Pali: nāḷī

Prakrit: णाडी (ṇāḍī)

Hindustani: nāṛī

Hindi: नाड़ी

Urdu: ناڑی (nāṛī)

Marathi: नाडी (nāḍī)

Punjabi: ਨਾੜੀ (nāṛī), ਨਾੜ (nāṛ)

→ Malay: nadi

Indonesian: nadi

desc

→ Malayalam: നാഡി (nāḍi), നാഡിക (nāḍika), നാഴി (nāḻi), നാഴിക (nāḻika)

→ Telugu: నాడి (nāḍi)

विष्णुर्गत्यैव चरणौ नोदतिष्ठत्तदा विराट्। नाडीर्नद्यो लोहितेन नोदतिष्ठत्तदा विराट्॥
viṣṇurgatyaiva caraṇau nodatiṣṭhattadā virāṭ. nāḍīrnadyo lohitena nodatiṣṭhattadā virāṭ.

c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 3.26.67

Lord Viṣṇu entered his feet with the faculty of locomotion, but Virāj refused to stand up even then. The rivers entered his blood vessels with the blood and the power of circulation, but still the cosmic being could not be made to stir.


शिरःपीडा

sa-noun

शिरःपीडा • (śiraḥpīḍā) stem, f

śiraḥpīḍā (romanization)
शिरःपीडा (nominative singular)
शिरःपीडे (dual nominative)
शिरःपीडाः (nominative plural)
शिरःपीडे (singular vocative)
शिरःपीडे (dual vocative)
शिरःपीडाः (plural vocative)
शिरःपीडाम् (accusative singular)
शिरःपीडे (accusative dual)
शिरःपीडाः (accusative plural)
शिरःपीडया (instrumental singular)
शिरःपीडा1 (instrumental singular)
शिरःपीडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शिरःपीडाभिः (instrumental plural)
शिरःपीडायै (dative singular)
शिरःपीडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शिरःपीडाभ्यः (dative plural)
शिरःपीडायाः (ablative singular)
शिरःपीडायै2 (ablative singular)
शिरःपीडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शिरःपीडाभ्यः (ablative plural)
शिरःपीडायाः (genitive singular)
शिरःपीडायै2 (genitive singular)
शिरःपीडयोः (dual genitive)
शिरःपीडानाम् (genitive plural)
शिरःपीडायाम् (locative singular)
शिरःपीडयोः (dual locative)
शिरःपीडासु (locative plural)

[ɕi.ɾɐɸ.piː.ɖɑː]

/ɕi.ɾɐhˈpiː.ɖɑː/

Compound of शिरः (śíraḥ, “head”) + पीडा (pīḍā́, “pain, ache”).


नक्र

nakra (romanization)
नक्रम् (nominative singular)
नक्रे (dual nominative)
नक्राणि (nominative plural)
नक्रा1 (nominative plural)
नक्र (singular vocative)
नक्रे (dual vocative)
नक्राणि (plural vocative)
नक्रा1 (plural vocative)
नक्रम् (accusative singular)
नक्रे (accusative dual)
नक्राणि (accusative plural)
नक्रा1 (accusative plural)
नक्रेण (instrumental singular)
नक्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नक्रैः (instrumental plural)
नक्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नक्राय (dative singular)
नक्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
नक्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
नक्रात् (ablative singular)
नक्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नक्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नक्रस्य (genitive singular)
नक्रयोः (dual genitive)
नक्राणाम् (genitive plural)
नक्रे (locative singular)
नक्रयोः (dual locative)
नक्रेषु (locative plural)

Sanskritization of Prakrit णक्क (ṇakka) or Ashokan Prakrit *𑀦𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*nakka), itself ultimately from Sanskrit नस् (nás) + -क (-ka).


अधिपति

adhipáti (romanization)
अधिपतिः (nominative singular)
अधिपती (dual nominative)
अधिपतयः (nominative plural)
अधिपते (singular vocative)
अधिपती (dual vocative)
अधिपतयः (plural vocative)
अधिपतिम् (accusative singular)
अधिपती (accusative dual)
अधिपतीन् (accusative plural)
अधिपतिना (instrumental singular)
अधिपत्या1 (instrumental singular)
अधिपतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधिपतिभिः (instrumental plural)
अधिपतये (dative singular)
अधिपतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधिपतिभ्यः (dative plural)
अधिपतेः (ablative singular)
अधिपत्यः1 (ablative singular)
अधिपतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधिपतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधिपतेः (genitive singular)
अधिपत्यः1 (genitive singular)
अधिपत्योः (dual genitive)
अधिपतीनाम् (genitive plural)
अधिपतौ (locative singular)
अधिपता1 (locative singular)
अधिपत्योः (dual locative)
अधिपतिषु (locative plural)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: adhipati
Javanese: ꦲꦢꦶꦥꦠꦶ (adipati)

Pali: adhipati

Burmese: အဓိပတိ (a.dhi.pa.ti.)

Khmer: អធិបតី (ʼaʼthipaʼdəy)

Thai: อธิบดี (à-típ-bɔɔ-dii)

Compound of अधि (adhi, “high, over”) + पति (páti, “lord”).

com+

(medicine) a particular part of the head (where a wound proves instantly fatal)


गलगण्ड

galagaṇḍa (romanization)
गलगण्डः (nominative singular)
गलगण्डौ (dual nominative)
गलगण्डाः (nominative plural)
गलगण्ड (singular vocative)
गलगण्डौ (dual vocative)
गलगण्डाः (plural vocative)
गलगण्डम् (accusative singular)
गलगण्डौ (accusative dual)
गलगण्डान् (accusative plural)
गलगण्डेन (instrumental singular)
गलगण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गलगण्डैः (instrumental plural)
गलगण्डाय (dative singular)
गलगण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गलगण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
गलगण्डात् (ablative singular)
गलगण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गलगण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गलगण्डस्य (genitive singular)
गलगण्डयोः (dual genitive)
गलगण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
गलगण्डे (locative singular)
गलगण्डयोः (dual locative)
गलगण्डेषु (locative plural)

/ɡɐ.l̪ɐˈɡɐɳ.ɖɐ/

Tatpuruṣa compound of गल (gala, “throat”) + गण्ड (gaṇḍa, “goitre”).

com

यस्य श्लेष्मा प्रकुपितो गलबाह्येऽवतिष्ठते ।शनैः संजनयेच्छोफं गलगण्डोऽस्य जायते ॥

c. 600 BCE – 200 BCE, Caraka, Caraka Saṃhitā 1.18.21

When the provoked phlegm in the body gets localised outside the throat, it produces chronic swelling there and causes goitre.

yasya śleṣmā prakupito galabāhyeʼvatiṣṭhate.śanaiḥ saṃjanayecchophaṃ galagaṇḍoʼsya jāyate.

निबद्धः श्वयथुर्यस्य मुष्कवल्लम्बते गले । महान् वा यदि वा ह्रस्वो गलगण्डं तमादिशेत् ॥

c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā 2.11.29

A pendant swelling, whether large or small, occurring in the throat region and resembling the scrotum in shape is called goitre.

nibaddhaḥ śvayathuryasya muṣkavallambate gale. mahān vā yadi vā hrasvo galagaṇḍaṃ tamādiśet.


उदावर्त

→ Tocharian B: udāvart

Related to Sanskrit उदावर्ता (udāvartā). .


उदावर्ता

udāvartā (romanization)
उदावर्ता (nominative singular)
उदावर्ते (dual nominative)
उदावर्ताः (nominative plural)
उदावर्ते (singular vocative)
उदावर्ते (dual vocative)
उदावर्ताः (plural vocative)
उदावर्ताम् (accusative singular)
उदावर्ते (accusative dual)
उदावर्ताः (accusative plural)
उदावर्तया (instrumental singular)
उदावर्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उदावर्ताभिः (instrumental plural)
उदावर्तायै (dative singular)
उदावर्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
उदावर्ताभ्यः (dative plural)
उदावर्तायाः (ablative singular)
उदावर्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उदावर्ताभ्यः (ablative plural)
उदावर्तायाः (genitive singular)
उदावर्तयोः (dual genitive)
उदावर्तानाम् (genitive plural)
उदावर्तायाम् (locative singular)
उदावर्तयोः (dual locative)
उदावर्तासु (locative plural)

/u.d̪ɑːˈʋɐɾ.t̪ɑː/

From the root उदावृत् (udāvṛt, “to excrete, discharge”), from उद्- (ud-) + आ- (ā-) + वृत् (vṛt). Compare उदावर्त (udāvarta).

sa-root

सफेनिलम्उदावर्ता रजः कृच्छ्रेण मुञ्चति ॥
saphenilamudāvartā rajaḥ kṛcchreṇa muñcati.

c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā 6.38.9.2

Udāvartā is the foamy menstrual discharge that comes out painfully.

painful menstrual discharge (with foamy blood)


नासिका

nā́sikā (romanization)
नासिका (nominative singular)
नासिके (dual nominative)
नासिकाः (nominative plural)
नासिके (singular vocative)
नासिके (dual vocative)
नासिकाः (plural vocative)
नासिकाम् (accusative singular)
नासिके (accusative dual)
नासिकाः (accusative plural)
नासिकया (instrumental singular)
नासिका1 (instrumental singular)
नासिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नासिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
नासिकायै (dative singular)
नासिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नासिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
नासिकायाः (ablative singular)
नासिकायै2 (ablative singular)
नासिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नासिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
नासिकायाः (genitive singular)
नासिकायै2 (genitive singular)
नासिकयोः (dual genitive)
नासिकानाम् (genitive plural)
नासिकायाम् (locative singular)
नासिकयोः (dual locative)
नासिकासु (locative plural)

Marathi: नाशिक (nāśik)

→ Hindi: नासिक (nāsik)

→ Hindi: नासिका (nāsikā) (learned)

→ Tamil: நாசி (nāci) (learned)

→ Thai: นาสิก (naa-sìk)


दन्तवैद्य

dantavaidya (romanization)
दन्तवैद्यः (nominative singular)
दन्तवैद्यौ (dual nominative)
दन्तवैद्या1 (dual nominative)
दन्तवैद्याः (nominative plural)
दन्तवैद्यासः1 (nominative plural)
दन्तवैद्य (singular vocative)
दन्तवैद्यौ (dual vocative)
दन्तवैद्या1 (dual vocative)
दन्तवैद्याः (plural vocative)
दन्तवैद्यासः1 (plural vocative)
दन्तवैद्यम् (accusative singular)
दन्तवैद्यौ (accusative dual)
दन्तवैद्या1 (accusative dual)
दन्तवैद्यान् (accusative plural)
दन्तवैद्येन (instrumental singular)
दन्तवैद्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दन्तवैद्यैः (instrumental plural)
दन्तवैद्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दन्तवैद्याय (dative singular)
दन्तवैद्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
दन्तवैद्येभ्यः (dative plural)
दन्तवैद्यात् (ablative singular)
दन्तवैद्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दन्तवैद्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
दन्तवैद्यस्य (genitive singular)
दन्तवैद्ययोः (dual genitive)
दन्तवैद्यानाम् (genitive plural)
दन्तवैद्ये (locative singular)
दन्तवैद्ययोः (dual locative)
दन्तवैद्येषु (locative plural)

/d̪ɐn̪.t̪ɐˈʋɑjd̪.jɐ/


दाढिका

dāḍhikā (romanization)
दाढिका (nominative singular)
दाढिके (dual nominative)
दाढिकाः (nominative plural)
दाढिके (singular vocative)
दाढिके (dual vocative)
दाढिकाः (plural vocative)
दाढिकाम् (accusative singular)
दाढिके (accusative dual)
दाढिकाः (accusative plural)
दाढिकया (instrumental singular)
दाढिका1 (instrumental singular)
दाढिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दाढिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
दाढिकायै (dative singular)
दाढिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दाढिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
दाढिकायाः (ablative singular)
दाढिकायै2 (ablative singular)
दाढिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दाढिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
दाढिकायाः (genitive singular)
दाढिकायै2 (genitive singular)
दाढिकयोः (dual genitive)
दाढिकानाम् (genitive plural)
दाढिकायाम् (locative singular)
दाढिकयोः (dual locative)
दाढिकासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

→ Kashmiri:

Sharada script: 𑆢𑇋𑆳𑆫 (dạ̄r)

Devanagari script: दऻर (dạ̄r)

Arabic script: دٲر (dạ̄r)

→ Phalura:

Latin script: déeṛi

Arabic script: دیڑیۡ

→ Torwali: دأ

Pali: dāṭhikā

→ Thai: ทาฐิกะ (taa-tì-gà)

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀸𑀠𑀺𑀆 (dāḍhiā)
Central Indo-Aryan:
Hindustani:
Hindi: दाढ़ी (dāṛhī)
Urdu: دَاڑِھی (dāṛhī)
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
Bengali–Assamese:
Assamese: দাড়ি (dari)
Bengali: দাড়ি (daṛi)
Bihari:
Magahi: 𑂠𑂰𑂜𑂲 (dāṛhī)
Maithili:
Devanagari script: दाढ़ी (dāṛhī)
Tirhuta script: 𑒠𑒰𑒜𑓃𑒲 (dāṛhī)
Odia: ଦାଢ଼ି (dāṛhi)
Insular Indo-Aryan:
Dhivehi: ދޮޅި (doḷi)
Sinhalese: දැළිය (dæḷiya)
Northern Indo-Aryan:
Dogri:
Devanagari script: दाढ़ी (dāṛhī)
Dogra script: 𑠛𑠬𑠗𑠺𑠮 (dāṛhī)
Nepali: दाह्री (dāhrī)
Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
Old Punjabi: ਦਾੜੀ (dāṛī)
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਦਾੜ੍ਹੀ (dāṛhī)
Shahmukhi script: داڑھی (dāṛhī)
Saraiki:
Devanagari script: दाढ़ी (dāṛhī)
Multani script: 𑊘𑊨 (dṛh)
Shahmukhi script: ݙاڑھی (ḏāṛhī)
Sindhi:
Arabic script: ڏاڙِهي (ḍ̠āḍhī)
Devanagari script: ॾाढ़ी (ḍ̠āḍhī)
Southern Indo-Aryan:
Konkani:
Devanagari script: दाडि (dāḍi)
Kannada script: ದಾಡಿ (dāḍi)
Latin script: daddi
Old Marathi: (see there for further descendants)
Devanagari script: दाढी (dāḍhī)
Modi script: 𑘟𑘰𑘛𑘲 (dāḍhī)
Western Indo-Aryan:
Ahirani: दाढी (dāḍhī)
Gojri: داڑھی (dāṛhī)
Gujarati: દાઢી (dāḍhī)
Malvi: दाड़ी (dāṛī)
Marwari:
Devanagari script: दाडी (dāḍī), दाढी (dāḍhī)
Mahajani script: 𑅥𑅠𑅑 (dḍi), 𑅥𑅡𑅑 (dḍhi)

/ˈd̪ɑː.ɖʱi.kɑː/

A corruption of दंष्ट्रिका (daṃṣṭrikā), a compound of दंष्ट्र (daṃṣṭra, “large tooth, tusk”) + -इक (-ika, possessive suffix) + -आ (-ā, feminine suffix), with a semantic shift from "tooth" to "beard", both of which are within the same general facial area; the first element is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dánštram, from Proto-Indo-European *denḱ-trom, from *denḱ- (“to bite”) + *-trom (suffix denoting a tool or instrument). Cognate with Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬲𐬌-𐬛𐬄𐬯𐬙𐬭𐬀 (tiži-dąstra, “having sharp teeth”).


प्रकोष्ठ

prakoṣṭha (romanization)
प्रकोष्ठः (nominative singular)
प्रकोष्ठौ (dual nominative)
प्रकोष्ठा1 (dual nominative)
प्रकोष्ठाः (nominative plural)
प्रकोष्ठासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रकोष्ठ (singular vocative)
प्रकोष्ठौ (dual vocative)
प्रकोष्ठा1 (dual vocative)
प्रकोष्ठाः (plural vocative)
प्रकोष्ठासः1 (plural vocative)
प्रकोष्ठम् (accusative singular)
प्रकोष्ठौ (accusative dual)
प्रकोष्ठा1 (accusative dual)
प्रकोष्ठान् (accusative plural)
प्रकोष्ठेन (instrumental singular)
प्रकोष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रकोष्ठैः (instrumental plural)
प्रकोष्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रकोष्ठाय (dative singular)
प्रकोष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रकोष्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रकोष्ठात् (ablative singular)
प्रकोष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रकोष्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रकोष्ठस्य (genitive singular)
प्रकोष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
प्रकोष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रकोष्ठे (locative singular)
प्रकोष्ठयोः (dual locative)
प्रकोष्ठेषु (locative plural)
प्रकोष्ठम् (nominative singular)
प्रकोष्ठे (dual nominative)
प्रकोष्ठानि (nominative plural)
प्रकोष्ठा1 (nominative plural)
प्रकोष्ठ (singular vocative)
प्रकोष्ठे (dual vocative)
प्रकोष्ठानि (plural vocative)
प्रकोष्ठा1 (plural vocative)
प्रकोष्ठम् (accusative singular)
प्रकोष्ठे (accusative dual)
प्रकोष्ठानि (accusative plural)
प्रकोष्ठा1 (accusative plural)
प्रकोष्ठेन (instrumental singular)
प्रकोष्ठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रकोष्ठैः (instrumental plural)
प्रकोष्ठेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रकोष्ठाय (dative singular)
प्रकोष्ठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रकोष्ठेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रकोष्ठात् (ablative singular)
प्रकोष्ठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रकोष्ठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रकोष्ठस्य (genitive singular)
प्रकोष्ठयोः (dual genitive)
प्रकोष्ठानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रकोष्ठे (locative singular)
प्रकोष्ठयोः (dual locative)
प्रकोष्ठेषु (locative plural)

desc

→ Telugu: ప్రకోష్ఠము (prakōṣṭhamu) (learned)

/pɾɐ.kɐwʂ.ʈʰɐ/

/pɾɐˈkoːʂ.ʈʰɐ/


अङ्गुल

aṅgula (romanization)
अङ्गुलः (nominative singular)
अङ्गुलौ (dual nominative)
अङ्गुला1 (dual nominative)
अङ्गुलाः (nominative plural)
अङ्गुलासः1 (nominative plural)
अङ्गुल (singular vocative)
अङ्गुलौ (dual vocative)
अङ्गुला1 (dual vocative)
अङ्गुलाः (plural vocative)
अङ्गुलासः1 (plural vocative)
अङ्गुलम् (accusative singular)
अङ्गुलौ (accusative dual)
अङ्गुला1 (accusative dual)
अङ्गुलान् (accusative plural)
अङ्गुलेन (instrumental singular)
अङ्गुलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अङ्गुलैः (instrumental plural)
अङ्गुलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अङ्गुलाय (dative singular)
अङ्गुलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अङ्गुलेभ्यः (dative plural)
अङ्गुलात् (ablative singular)
अङ्गुलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अङ्गुलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अङ्गुलस्य (genitive singular)
अङ्गुलयोः (dual genitive)
अङ्गुलानाम् (genitive plural)
अङ्गुले (locative singular)
अङ्गुलयोः (dual locative)
अङ्गुलेषु (locative plural)

Pali: aṅgula

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀮 (aṃgula) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

→ Tamil: அங்குலம் (aṅkulam)

→ Telugu: అంగుళము (aṅguḷamu)

/ˈɐŋ.ɡu.l̪ɐ/

Related to अङ्गुलि (aṅguli), अङ्गुरि (aṅguri, “finger”).

वितस्ति वितस्ति#Sanskrit

fingerbreadth; a measure equal to eight barley-corns; 12 in a वितस्ति (vitasti, “span, foot”) and 24 in a हस्त (hasta, “cubit”, literally “hand”)


दूषीका

sa-noun

दूषीका • (dūṣī́kā) stem, f

dūṣī́kā (romanization)
दूषीका (nominative singular)
दूषीके (dual nominative)
दूषीकाः (nominative plural)
दूषीके (singular vocative)
दूषीके (dual vocative)
दूषीकाः (plural vocative)
दूषीकाम् (accusative singular)
दूषीके (accusative dual)
दूषीकाः (accusative plural)
दूषीकया (instrumental singular)
दूषीका1 (instrumental singular)
दूषीकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दूषीकाभिः (instrumental plural)
दूषीकायै (dative singular)
दूषीकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दूषीकाभ्यः (dative plural)
दूषीकायाः (ablative singular)
दूषीकायै2 (ablative singular)
दूषीकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दूषीकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
दूषीकायाः (genitive singular)
दूषीकायै2 (genitive singular)
दूषीकयोः (dual genitive)
दूषीकाणाम् (genitive plural)
दूषीकायाम् (locative singular)
दूषीकयोः (dual locative)
दूषीकासु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀽𑀲𑀺𑀆 (dūsiā)

/d̪uːˈʂiː.kɑː/

From the root दुष् (duṣ, “to spoil, become impure”).

sa-root

विधृ॑तिं॒ नाभ्या॑ धृ॒तँ रसे॑ना॒पो यू॒ष्णा मरी॑चीर्वि॒प्रुड्भि॑र्नीहा॒रमू॒ष्मणा॑ शी॒नं वस॑या॒ प्रुष्वा॒ अश्रु॑भिर्ह्रा॒दुनी॑र्दू॒षीका॑भिर्अ॒स्ना रक्षाँ॑सि चि॒त्राण्यङ्गै॒र्नक्षत्राणि रू॒पेण॑ पृथि॒वीं त्व॒चा जु॑म्ब॒काय॒ स्वाहा॑ ॥
vídhṛtiṃ nā́bhyā dhṛtám̐ rásenāpó yūṣṇā́ márīcīrviprúḍbhirnīhārámūṣmáṇā śīnáṃ vásayā prúṣvā áśrubhirhrādúnīrdūṣī́kābhirasnā́ rákṣām̐si citrā́ṇyáṅgairnákṣátrā́ṇí rūpéṇa pṛthivī́ṃ tvacā́ jumbakā́ya svā́hā.
I gratify Separation with his navel;
Butter with his flavour;
the Waters with his broth;
Sunbeams with his drops of fat;
Hoarfrost with his heat;
Ice with his marrow;
Hailstones with his tears;
Thunderbolts with his eye-rheum;

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 25.9

Bright things with his limbs;
Stars with his beauty;
Earth with his skin.
All-hail to Jumbaka!


गुन्द्र

→ Tocharian B: kuntark


उत्कट

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އުކުޅު (ukuḷu), އުކުޑަ (ukuḍa)

Sinhalese: උකුළ (ukuḷa)


ऊरु

ūrú (romanization)
ऊरुः (nominative singular)
ऊरू (dual nominative)
ऊरवः (nominative plural)
ऊरो (singular vocative)
ऊरू (dual vocative)
ऊरवः (plural vocative)
ऊरुम् (accusative singular)
ऊरू (accusative dual)
ऊरून् (accusative plural)
ऊरुणा (instrumental singular)
ऊर्वा1 (instrumental singular)
ऊरुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऊरुभिः (instrumental plural)
ऊरवे (dative singular)
ऊर्वे1 (dative singular)
ऊरुभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऊरुभ्यः (dative plural)
ऊरोः (ablative singular)
ऊर्वः1 (ablative singular)
ऊरुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऊरुभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऊरोः (genitive singular)
ऊर्वः1 (genitive singular)
ऊर्वोः (dual genitive)
ऊरूणाम् (genitive plural)
ऊरौ (locative singular)
ऊर्वोः (dual locative)
ऊरुषु (locative plural)

Pali: ūru

Prakrit: 𑀊𑀭𑀼 (ūru)

Assamese: ঊৰত (urot)

Bengali: ঊরূ (uru), ঊরু (uru)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އުރު (uru)

Sinhalese: උරුව (uruwa)

ब्रा॒ह्म॒णो॑ऽस्य॒ मुख॑मासीद्बा॒हू रा॑ज॒न्य॑: कृ॒तः।
ऊ॒रू तद॑स्य॒ यद्वैश्य॑: प॒द्भ्यां शू॒द्रो अ॑जायत॥
brāhmaṇòʼsya múkhamāsīdbāhū́ rājanyà: kṛtáḥ.
ūrū́ tádasya yádvaíśya: padbhyā́ṃ śūdró ajāyata.
The Brāhmaṇa was his mouth, of both his arms was the Rājanya made.

His thighs became the Vaiśya, from his feet the Śudra was produced.


कन्धर

kandhara (romanization)
कन्धरः (nominative singular)
कन्धरौ (dual nominative)
कन्धरा1 (dual nominative)
कन्धराः (nominative plural)
कन्धरासः1 (nominative plural)
कन्धर (singular vocative)
कन्धरौ (dual vocative)
कन्धरा1 (dual vocative)
कन्धराः (plural vocative)
कन्धरासः1 (plural vocative)
कन्धरम् (accusative singular)
कन्धरौ (accusative dual)
कन्धरा1 (accusative dual)
कन्धरान् (accusative plural)
कन्धरेण (instrumental singular)
कन्धराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कन्धरैः (instrumental plural)
कन्धरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कन्धराय (dative singular)
कन्धराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कन्धरेभ्यः (dative plural)
कन्धरात् (ablative singular)
कन्धराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कन्धरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कन्धरस्य (genitive singular)
कन्धरयोः (dual genitive)
कन्धराणाम् (genitive plural)
कन्धरे (locative singular)
कन्धरयोः (dual locative)
कन्धरेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀁𑀥𑀭𑀸 (kaṃdharā)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani: kānhar

desc

Hindi: कान्हर

Hindi: कान्हर

Urdu: کَانہَر

Urdu: کَانہَر

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Old Maithili: कान्धर

→ Dhivehi: ކަނދުރާ (kaⁿdurā), ކަނދަރަ (kaⁿdara)

→ Tamil: கந்தரம் (kantaram)

/ˈkɐn̪.d̪ʱɐ.ɾɐ/