मठ

maṭha (romanization)
मठः (nominative singular)
मठौ (dual nominative)
मठाः (nominative plural)
मठ (singular vocative)
मठौ (dual vocative)
मठाः (plural vocative)
मठम् (accusative singular)
मठौ (accusative dual)
मठान् (accusative plural)
मठेन (instrumental singular)
मठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मठैः (instrumental plural)
मठाय (dative singular)
मठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मठेभ्यः (dative plural)
मठात् (ablative singular)
मठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मठस्य (genitive singular)
मठयोः (dual genitive)
मठानाम् (genitive plural)
मठे (locative singular)
मठयोः (dual locative)
मठेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मठ

Tamil: மடம் (maṭam)

Telugu: మఠము (maṭhamu)


विहार

vihāra (romanization)
विहारः (nominative singular)
विहारौ (dual nominative)
विहारा1 (dual nominative)
विहाराः (nominative plural)
विहारासः1 (nominative plural)
विहार (singular vocative)
विहारौ (dual vocative)
विहारा1 (dual vocative)
विहाराः (plural vocative)
विहारासः1 (plural vocative)
विहारम् (accusative singular)
विहारौ (accusative dual)
विहारा1 (accusative dual)
विहारान् (accusative plural)
विहारेण (instrumental singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विहारैः (instrumental plural)
विहारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
विहाराय (dative singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
विहारेभ्यः (dative plural)
विहारात् (ablative singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विहारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विहारस्य (genitive singular)
विहारयोः (dual genitive)
विहाराणाम् (genitive plural)
विहारे (locative singular)
विहारयोः (dual locative)
विहारेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: বিহার (bihar)

Hindi: बिहार (bihār)

→ English: vihara

→ Burmese: ဝိဟာရ (wi.hara.)

→ Khmer: វិហារ (vihiə)

→ Javanese: ꦮꦶꦲꦫ (wihara)

→ Indonesian: wihara

→ Lao: ວິຫານ (wi hān)

→ Lü: ᦞᦲᦠᦱᧃ (viiḣaan)

→ Malay: biara

Indonesian: biara

→ Northern Thai: ᩅᩥᩉᩣ᩠ᩁ

Sinhalese: විහාර (wihāra)

→ Thai: วิหาร (wí-hǎan)

From वि- (vi-, suffix indicating distribution, opposition or arrangement) + हार (hāra, “bearing, carrying”, from हर (hara)).

af

from <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">हर</i> (hara)

(at the end of a compound) delighting in


श्रमण

head

श्रमण • (śramaṇá)

śramaṇá (romanization)
श्रमणः (nominative singular)
श्रमणौ (dual nominative)
श्रमणाः (nominative plural)
श्रमण (singular vocative)
श्रमणौ (dual vocative)
श्रमणाः (plural vocative)
श्रमणम् (accusative singular)
श्रमणौ (accusative dual)
श्रमणान् (accusative plural)
श्रमणेन (instrumental singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रमणैः (instrumental plural)
श्रमणाय (dative singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रमणेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रमणात् (ablative singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रमणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रमणस्य (genitive singular)
श्रमणयोः (dual genitive)
श्रमणानाम् (genitive plural)
श्रमणे (locative singular)
श्रमणयोः (dual locative)
श्रमणेषु (locative plural)
श्रमणा (nominative singular)
श्रमणे (dual nominative)
श्रमणाः (nominative plural)
श्रमणे (singular vocative)
श्रमणे (dual vocative)
श्रमणाः (plural vocative)
श्रमणाम् (accusative singular)
श्रमणे (accusative dual)
श्रमणाः (accusative plural)
श्रमणया (instrumental singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रमणाभिः (instrumental plural)
श्रमणायै (dative singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रमणाभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रमणायाः (ablative singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रमणाभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रमणायाः (genitive singular)
श्रमणयोः (dual genitive)
श्रमणानाम् (genitive plural)
श्रमणायाम् (locative singular)
श्रमणयोः (dual locative)
श्रमणासु (locative plural)
श्रमणी (nominative singular)
श्रमण्यौ (dual nominative)
श्रमण्यः (nominative plural)
श्रमणि (singular vocative)
श्रमण्यौ (dual vocative)
श्रमण्यः (plural vocative)
श्रमणीम् (accusative singular)
श्रमण्यौ (accusative dual)
श्रमणीः (accusative plural)
श्रमण्या (instrumental singular)
श्रमणीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रमणीभिः (instrumental plural)
श्रमण्यै (dative singular)
श्रमणीभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रमणीभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रमण्याः (ablative singular)
श्रमणीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रमणीभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रमण्याः (genitive singular)
श्रमण्योः (dual genitive)
श्रमणीनाम् (genitive plural)
श्रमण्याम् (locative singular)
श्रमण्योः (dual locative)
श्रमणीषु (locative plural)
श्रमणम् (nominative singular)
श्रमणे (dual nominative)
श्रमणानि (nominative plural)
श्रमण (singular vocative)
श्रमणे (dual vocative)
श्रमणानि (plural vocative)
श्रमणम् (accusative singular)
श्रमणे (accusative dual)
श्रमणानि (accusative plural)
श्रमणेन (instrumental singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रमणैः (instrumental plural)
श्रमणाय (dative singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रमणेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रमणात् (ablative singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रमणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रमणस्य (genitive singular)
श्रमणयोः (dual genitive)
श्रमणानाम् (genitive plural)
श्रमणे (locative singular)
श्रमणयोः (dual locative)
श्रमणेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of श्रमण

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of श्रमण

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of श्रमण

श्रमणीभ्याम्

श्रमणीभ्याम्

श्रमणीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

श्रमणीभ्याम्

श्रमणीभ्याम्

श्रमणीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">श्रमण</i>

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

Apparently from the root श्रम् (śram, “to be or become weary or tired, be tired of doing anything”), which however is mixed in meaning with शम् (śam, “to exert”).

making effort or exertion, toiling, labouring, (esp.) following a toilsome or menial business (W.)


श्रमण

śramaṇá (romanization)
श्रमणः (nominative singular)
श्रमणौ (dual nominative)
श्रमणाः (nominative plural)
श्रमण (singular vocative)
श्रमणौ (dual vocative)
श्रमणाः (plural vocative)
श्रमणम् (accusative singular)
श्रमणौ (accusative dual)
श्रमणान् (accusative plural)
श्रमणेन (instrumental singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रमणैः (instrumental plural)
श्रमणाय (dative singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रमणेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रमणात् (ablative singular)
श्रमणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रमणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रमणस्य (genitive singular)
श्रमणयोः (dual genitive)
श्रमणानाम् (genitive plural)
श्रमणे (locative singular)
श्रमणयोः (dual locative)
श्रमणेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of श्रमण

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

श्रमणाभ्याम्

Gandhari: 𐨮𐨨𐨣 (ṣamana)

Pali: samaṇa

desc

→ Ancient Greek: Σαρμάναι (Sarmánai, “Sarmanae”), Σαμαναίοι (Samanaíoi, “Samanaeans”)

→ Proto-Tocharian: *ṣāmānä

→ Tocharian A: ṣāmaṃ

→ Middle Chinese: 沙門 (MC srae mwon) (incertae sedis)

→ Tocharian B: ṣamāne

→ Bengali: শ্রমণ (sromon)

→ Hindi: श्रमण (śramaṇ)

→ English: sramana

one who performs acts of mortification or austerity, an ascetic, monk, devotee, religious mendicant (ŚBr. etc.)

a Buddhist monk or mendicant (also applied to Buddha himself compare MWB. 23 etc.; also applied to a Jain ascetic now commonly called yati) (MBh., R. etc.)


भिक्षु

bhikṣú (romanization)
भिक्षुः (nominative singular)
भिक्षू (dual nominative)
भिक्षवः (nominative plural)
भिक्षो (singular vocative)
भिक्षू (dual vocative)
भिक्षवः (plural vocative)
भिक्षुम् (accusative singular)
भिक्षू (accusative dual)
भिक्षून् (accusative plural)
भिक्षुणा (instrumental singular)
भिक्ष्वा1 (instrumental singular)
भिक्षुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भिक्षुभिः (instrumental plural)
भिक्षवे (dative singular)
भिक्षुभ्याम् (dative dual)
भिक्षुभ्यः (dative plural)
भिक्षोः (ablative singular)
भिक्षुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भिक्षुभ्यः (ablative plural)
भिक्षोः (genitive singular)
भिक्ष्वोः (dual genitive)
भिक्षूणाम् (genitive plural)
भिक्षौ (locative singular)
भिक्ष्वोः (dual locative)
भिक्षुषु (locative plural)

→ Angkorian Old Khmer: [script needed] (bhikṣu)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀼 (bhikkhu)

→ English: bhikshu

→ Indonesian: biksu

→ Japanese: 苾蒭 (bisshu)

→ Javanese: ꦧꦶꦏ꧀ꦱꦸ (biksu)

→ Manchu: ᠪᡳᡴᠴᡠ (bikcu)

Pali: bhikkhu

→ Burmese: ဘိက္ခု (bhikhku.)

→ English: bhikkhu

→ Chinese: 比丘 (bǐqiū)

→ Japanese: 比丘 (biku)

→ Korean: 비구 (bigu)

→ Gujarati: ભિક્ખુ (bhikkhu)

→ Hindi: भिक्खु (bhikkhu)

→ Marathi: भिक्खू (bhikkhū)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: wiku, biku
> Javanese: ꦮꦶꦏꦸ (wiku) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: wiku
→ Balinese: ᬯᬶᬓᬸ (wiku)

→ Old Khmer: [script needed] (bhikkhu)

Khmer: ភិក្ខុ (phɨkkhoʼ)

→ Portuguese: bico

→ Shan: ၽိၵ်ႈၶူႇ (phīk khùu)

→ Thai: ภิกขุ (pík-kù)

→ Sinhalese: භික්ෂූහූ (bhikṣūhū)

→ Tamil: பிட்சு (piṭcu)

→ Thai: ภิกษุ (pík-sù)

Nominalised from भिक्षते (bhikṣate, “to beg, obtain”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰikṣati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰikšati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰih₂g-s-eti, i-grade desiderative of *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide, desiderative”), with semantic shift.


भिक्षुणी

bhikṣuṇī (romanization)
भिक्षुणी (nominative singular)
भिक्षुण्यौ (dual nominative)
भिक्षुण्यः (nominative plural)
भिक्षुणि (singular vocative)
भिक्षुण्यौ (dual vocative)
भिक्षुण्यः (plural vocative)
भिक्षुणीम् (accusative singular)
भिक्षुण्यौ (accusative dual)
भिक्षुणीः (accusative plural)
भिक्षुण्या (instrumental singular)
भिक्षुणीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भिक्षुणीभिः (instrumental plural)
भिक्षुण्यै (dative singular)
भिक्षुणीभ्याम् (dative dual)
भिक्षुणीभ्यः (dative plural)
भिक्षुण्याः (ablative singular)
भिक्षुणीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भिक्षुणीभ्यः (ablative plural)
भिक्षुण्याः (genitive singular)
भिक्षुण्योः (dual genitive)
भिक्षुणीनाम् (genitive plural)
भिक्षुण्याम् (locative singular)
भिक्षुण्योः (dual locative)
भिक्षुणीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of भिक्षुणी

भिक्षुणीभ्याम्

भिक्षुणीभ्याम्

भिक्षुणीभ्यः

भिक्षुणीभ्याम्

भिक्षुणीभ्यः

भिक्षुणीनाम्

भिक्षुण्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

भिक्षुणीभ्याम्

भिक्षुणीभ्याम्

भिक्षुणीभ्यः

भिक्षुणीभ्याम्

भिक्षुणीभ्यः

भिक्षुणीनाम्

भिक्षुण्याम्

Manchu: ᠪᡳᡴᠴᡠᠨᡳ (bikcuni)

desctree

Pali: bhikkhunī
→ Burmese: ဘိက္ခုနီ (bhikhku.ni)
→ Chinese: 比丘尼 (bǐqiūní)
→ English: bhikkhuni