सुख

सु॒ख (canonical)
sukhá (romanization)
सुखम् (nominative singular)
सुखे (dual nominative)
सुखानि (nominative plural)
सुखा1 (nominative plural)
सुख (singular vocative)
सुखे (dual vocative)
सुखानि (plural vocative)
सुखा1 (plural vocative)
सुखम् (accusative singular)
सुखे (accusative dual)
सुखानि (accusative plural)
सुखा1 (accusative plural)
सुखेन (instrumental singular)
सुखाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सुखैः (instrumental plural)
सुखेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सुखाय (dative singular)
सुखाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सुखेभ्यः (dative plural)
सुखात् (ablative singular)
सुखाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सुखेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सुखस्य (genitive singular)
सुखयोः (dual genitive)
सुखानाम् (genitive plural)
सुखे (locative singular)
सुखयोः (dual locative)
सुखेषु (locative plural)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀖 (sugha), 𑀲𑀼𑀳 (suha), 𑀲𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (sukkha) (see there for further descendants)

desctree

Pali: sukha
→ Mon: သုခ
→ Burmese: သုခ (su.hka.)
→ Shan: သုၵ်ႉၶႃႉ (sṵ̂k khâ̰a)

Borrowed terms

→ Assamese: সুখ (xukh)

→ Bengali: সুখ (śukh)

→ Hindi: सुख (sukh)

→ Khmer: សុខ (sok)

→ Malay: suka

Indonesian: suka

→ Min Nan: 舒合 (su-kah)

→ Marathi: सुख (sukh)

→ Thai: สุข (sùk)

⇒ Telugu: సుఖము (sukhamu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁wes-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁wésus?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁su-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsu-
Sanskrit सु- (su-)?
Sanskrit ख (kha)?
Sanskrit सु॒ख (sukhá)
Said to be from सु- (su-) + ख (kha), and to mean originally "having a good axle-hole"; but the sense "pleasant, etc." possibly reborrowed from a Prakrit form of earlier सुस्थ (sustha), from सु- (su-) + स्थ (stha); compare दुःख (duḥkha).

etymon

सु॒ख


चन्द्र

candrá (romanization)
चन्द्रः (nominative singular)
चन्द्रौ (dual nominative)
चन्द्रा1 (dual nominative)
चन्द्राः (nominative plural)
चन्द्रासः1 (nominative plural)
चन्द्र (singular vocative)
चन्द्रौ (dual vocative)
चन्द्रा1 (dual vocative)
चन्द्राः (plural vocative)
चन्द्रासः1 (plural vocative)
चन्द्रम् (accusative singular)
चन्द्रौ (accusative dual)
चन्द्रा1 (accusative dual)
चन्द्रान् (accusative plural)
चन्द्रेण (instrumental singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चन्द्रैः (instrumental plural)
चन्द्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चन्द्राय (dative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
चन्द्रात् (ablative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चन्द्रस्य (genitive singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
चन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
चन्द्रे (locative singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
चन्द्रेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: ژۆندُر (ċondur)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ހަނދު (haⁿdu)

Sinhalese: හඳ (haⁿda)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: চান্দ (sand)

Bengali: চাঁদ (cãd)

Odia: ଚନ୍ଦ (cåndå)

Rohingya: san

Sylheti: ꠌꠣꠘ꠆ꠖ (sando)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: चंद्रु (candru)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀘𑀁𑀤 (caṃda)

Gujarati: ચાંદ (cā̃d)

Hindustani:

Hindi: चाँद (cā̃d), चांद (cānd)

Urdu: چاند (cānd)

Nepali: चाँद् (cā̃d)

Punjabi: ਚੰਦ (cand), ਚੰਨ (cann)

Marwari: चांद (cā̃d)

Sindhi: چَنڊُ (candu)

Pali: canda

→ Burmese: စန္ဒာ (canda), စန်း (can:)

→ Khmer: ព្រះច័ន្ទ (prĕəh can)

→ Assamese: চন্দ্ৰ (sondro) (learned)

→ Bengali: চন্দ্র (côndrô) (learned)

desc

→ English: Chandra, Chander, Shandra (learned)

→ Burmese: စန္ဒြာ (candra) (learned)

→ Gujarati: ચંદ્ર (candra) (learned)

→ Thai: จันท์ (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: चन्द्र (candra), चन्दर (candar)

Urdu: چندر (candra)

→ Indonesian: candra (learned)

→ Kannada: ಚಂದ್ರ (candra) (learned)

→ Konkani: चन्द्र (candr) (learned)

→ Lao: ຈັນ (chan) (learned)

desctree

→ Malay: cendera (learned)
Indonesian: cendera

desc

→ Malayalam: ചന്ദ്രന് (candraṉ) (learned)

→ Marathi: चन्द्र (candra) (learned)

→ Nepali: चन्द्र (candra), चन्द्रमा (candramā) (learned)

→ Odia: ଚନ୍ଦ୍ର (cåndrå) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਚੰਦ੍ਰ (candr), ਚੰਦਰ (candar) (learned)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: candra (learned)
Javanese: ꦕꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ (candra)
→ Balinese: ᬘᬦ᭄ᬤ᭄ᬭ (candra)

→ Shan: ၸၼ်ႇတႃႇ (tsàn tàa) (learned)

desc

→ Sinhalese: චන්ද්රයා (candrayā) (learned)

→ Lü: ᦶᦈᧃ (ṫsaen) (learned)

→ Tamil: சந்திரன் (cantiraṉ) (learned)

→ Telugu: చంద్రుడు (candruḍu) (learned)

→ Thai: จันทร์ (jan) (learned)

/t͡ɕɐn.dɾɐ́/

/ˈt͡ɕɐn̪.d̪ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *(s)ćandrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kand-. Doublet of श्चन्द्र (ścandrá, “shining, radiant”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κάνδαρος (kándaros, “charcoal”), Latin candeō, Old Armenian խանդ (xand). See also the root चन्द् (cand, “to shine, be bright, gladden”).


अप्

áp (romanization)
अप् (nominative singular)
अपौ (dual nominative)
अपा1 (dual nominative)
आपस् (nominative plural)
अप् (singular vocative)
अपौ (dual vocative)
अपा1 (dual vocative)
आपस् (plural vocative)
अपम् (accusative singular)
अपौ (accusative dual)
अपा1 (accusative dual)
अपः (accusative plural)
अपा (instrumental singular)
अद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अद्भिः (instrumental plural)
अपे (dative singular)
अद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
अद्भ्यः (dative plural)
अपः (ablative singular)
अद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
अद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
अपः (genitive singular)
अपोः (dual genitive)
अपाम् (genitive plural)
अपि (locative singular)
अपोः (dual locative)
अप्सु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Dameli: [script needed] (âu)

Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (aw)

Pali: āpa

→ Old Marathi: आप (āpa) (learned)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-.
Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬞 (ap), Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a /apiyā/, “into the water”), Tocharian B āp (“water”), Hittite 𒄩𒉺𒀀 (ḫa-pa-a, “towards the river”), Persian آب (âb), Latin amnis (“river”).

cog

(astronomy) the star δ Virginis in Virgo


तोयकण

toya-kaṇa (romanization)
तोयकणः (nominative singular)
तोयकणौ (dual nominative)
तोयकणाः (nominative plural)
तोयकण (singular vocative)
तोयकणौ (dual vocative)
तोयकणाः (plural vocative)
तोयकणम् (accusative singular)
तोयकणौ (accusative dual)
तोयकणान् (accusative plural)
तोयकणेन (instrumental singular)
तोयकणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तोयकणैः (instrumental plural)
तोयकणाय (dative singular)
तोयकणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तोयकणेभ्यः (dative plural)
तोयकणात् (ablative singular)
तोयकणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तोयकणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तोयकणस्य (genitive singular)
तोयकणयोः (dual genitive)
तोयकणानाम् (genitive plural)
तोयकणे (locative singular)
तोयकणयोः (dual locative)
तोयकणेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of तोयकण

तोयकणाभ्याम्

तोयकणाभ्याम्

तोयकणाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

तोयकणाभ्याम्

तोयकणाभ्याम्

तोयकणाभ्याम्


तोय

tóya (romanization)
तोयम् (nominative singular)
तोये (dual nominative)
तोयानि (nominative plural)
तोया1 (nominative plural)
तोय (singular vocative)
तोये (dual vocative)
तोयानि (plural vocative)
तोया1 (plural vocative)
तोयम् (accusative singular)
तोये (accusative dual)
तोयानि (accusative plural)
तोया1 (accusative plural)
तोयेन (instrumental singular)
तोयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तोयैः (instrumental plural)
तोयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तोयाय (dative singular)
तोयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तोयेभ्यः (dative plural)
तोयात् (ablative singular)
तोयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तोयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तोयस्य (genitive singular)
तोययोः (dual genitive)
तोयानाम् (genitive plural)
तोये (locative singular)
तोययोः (dual locative)
तोयेषु (locative plural)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: toya
> Javanese: ꦠꦺꦴꦪ (toya) (inherited)
→ Musi: (bebaso) toya
→ Balinese: ᬢᭀᬬ (toya)

→ Telugu: తోయము (tōyamu)

Tulu: ತೋಯ (tōya)

Possibly ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s, likely through a Dravidian intermediary.

तोयम्-√कृ ― toyam-√kṛ ― to make offerings of water to the dead (+ genitive)


जल

jalá (romanization)
जलम् (nominative singular)
जले (dual nominative)
जलानि (nominative plural)
जला1 (nominative plural)
जल (singular vocative)
जले (dual vocative)
जलानि (plural vocative)
जला1 (plural vocative)
जलम् (accusative singular)
जले (accusative dual)
जलानि (accusative plural)
जला1 (accusative plural)
जलेन (instrumental singular)
जलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जलैः (instrumental plural)
जलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जलाय (dative singular)
जलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जलेभ्यः (dative plural)
जलात् (ablative singular)
जलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जलस्य (genitive singular)
जलयोः (dual genitive)
जलानाम् (genitive plural)
जले (locative singular)
जलयोः (dual locative)
जलेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀚𑀮 (jala)
Assamese: জল (zol)
Bengali: জল (jol)
Dardic:
Kashmiri: زَل (zal, “urine”)
Hindustani:
Hindi: जल (jal)
Urdu: جل
Marathi: जल (jal)
Nepali: जल (jal)
Pali: jala
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਜਲ (jal)
Shahmukhi script: جل (jal)
Sylheti: ꠎꠟ (zol)

Gandhari: 𐨗𐨫 (jala)

Pali: jala
→ Thai: ชล (chon)
→ Khmer: ជល (cɔɔl)

→ Kannada: ಜಲ (jala)

→ Malayalam: ജലം (jalaṁ)

→ Tamil: ஜலம் (jalam)

→ Telugu: జలము (jalamu)

→ Sinhalese: ජලය (jalaya)

Of unclear origin. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelHo-, from *gʷel- (“to dribble; gush forth; spring; squirt; throw”), and thus cognate with गल् (gal, “to drip”) and German quellen (“(of water) to well, issue forth”). A local substrate origin is possible, though quite unlikely due to the word being attested in Vedic texts and lacking typical substrate features (e.g. retroflexion, variation between aspirated and deaspirated forms). Related to Vedic Sanskrit जलाष (jalāṣa), of uncertain meaning; not related to Latin gelū (“frost”).


ह्रादुनि

hrādúni (romanization)
ह्रादुनिः (nominative singular)
ह्रादुनी (dual nominative)
ह्रादुनयः (nominative plural)
ह्रादुने (singular vocative)
ह्रादुनी (dual vocative)
ह्रादुनयः (plural vocative)
ह्रादुनिम् (accusative singular)
ह्रादुनी (accusative dual)
ह्रादुनीः (accusative plural)
ह्रादुन्या (instrumental singular)
ह्रादुनी1 (instrumental singular)
ह्रादुनिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ह्रादुनिभिः (instrumental plural)
ह्रादुनये (dative singular)
ह्रादुन्यै2 (dative singular)
ह्रादुनी1 (dative singular)
ह्रादुनिभ्याम् (dative dual)
ह्रादुनिभ्यः (dative plural)
ह्रादुनेः (ablative singular)
ह्रादुन्याः2 (ablative singular)
ह्रादुन्यै3 (ablative singular)
ह्रादुनिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ह्रादुनिभ्यः (ablative plural)
ह्रादुनेः (genitive singular)
ह्रादुन्याः2 (genitive singular)
ह्रादुन्यै3 (genitive singular)
ह्रादुन्योः (dual genitive)
ह्रादुनीनाम् (genitive plural)
ह्रादुनौ (locative singular)
ह्रादुन्याम्2 (locative singular)
ह्रादुना1 (locative singular)
ह्रादुन्योः (dual locative)
ह्रादुनिषु (locative plural)

/ɦɾɑːˈd̪u.n̪i/

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰreh₃d- (“hail”), perhaps ultimately from *ǵʰreh₁d- (“to sound, make a noise”) (whence also ह्रादते (hrādate)). Cognate with Latin grando (“hail”), Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut, “hail”), Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ, “hail”).

नास्मै॑ वि॒द्युन्न त॑न्य॒तुः सि॑षेध॒ न यां मिह॒मकि॑रद्ध्रा॒दुनिं॑ च ।
इन्द्र॑श्च॒ यद्यु॑यु॒धाते॒ अहि॑श्चो॒ताप॒रीभ्यो॑ म॒घवा॒ वि जि॑ग्ये ॥
nā́smai vidyúnná tanyatúḥ siṣedha ná yā́ṃ míhamákiraddhrādúniṃ ca.
índraśca yádyuyudhā́te áhiścotā́parī́bhyo maghávā ví jigye.
Nothing availed him lightning, nothing thunder, hail or mist which had spread around him:

When Indra and Vṛtra strove in battle, Maghavan gained the victory for ever.

विधृ॑तिं॒ नाभ्या॑ धृ॒तँ रसे॑ना॒पो यू॒ष्णा मरी॑चीर्वि॒प्रुड्भि॑र्नीहा॒रमू॒ष्मणा॑ शी॒नं वस॑या॒ प्रुष्वा॒ अश्रु॑भिर्ह्रा॒दुनी॑र्दू॒षीका॑भिर॒स्ना रक्षाँ॑सि चि॒त्राण्यङ्गै॒र्नक्षत्राणि रू॒पेण॑ पृथि॒वीं त्व॒चा जु॑म्ब॒काय॒ स्वाहा॑ ॥
vídhṛtiṃ nā́bhyā dhṛtám̐ rásenāpó yūṣṇā́ márīcīrviprúḍbhirnīhārámūṣmáṇā śīnáṃ vásayā prúṣvā áśrubhirhrādúnīrdūṣī́kābhirasnā́ rákṣām̐si citrā́ṇyáṅgairnákṣátrā́ṇí rūpéṇa pṛthivī́ṃ tvacā́ jumbakā́ya svā́hā.
I gratify Separation with his navel;
Butter with his flavour;
the Waters with his broth;
Sunbeams with his drops of fat;
Hoarfrost with his heat;
Ice with his marrow;
Hailstones with his tears;
Thunderbolts with the rheum of his eyes;

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 25.9

Bright things with his limbs;
Stars with his beauty;
Earth with his skin.
All-hail to Jumbaka!


ऊष्मन्

sa-noun

ऊष्मन् • (ūṣmán) stem, m

ūṣmán (romanization)
ऊष्मा (nominative singular)
ऊष्माणौ (dual nominative)
ऊष्माणा1 (dual nominative)
ऊष्माणः (nominative plural)
ऊष्मन् (singular vocative)
ऊष्माणौ (dual vocative)
ऊष्माणा1 (dual vocative)
ऊष्माणः (plural vocative)
ऊष्माणम् (accusative singular)
ऊष्माणौ (accusative dual)
ऊष्माणा1 (accusative dual)
ऊष्मणः (accusative plural)
ऊष्मणा (instrumental singular)
ऊष्मभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ऊष्मभिः (instrumental plural)
ऊष्मणे (dative singular)
ऊष्मभ्याम् (dative dual)
ऊष्मभ्यः (dative plural)
ऊष्मणः (ablative singular)
ऊष्मभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ऊष्मभ्यः (ablative plural)
ऊष्मणः (genitive singular)
ऊष्मणोः (dual genitive)
ऊष्मणाम् (genitive plural)
ऊष्मणि (locative singular)
ऊष्मन्1 (locative singular)
ऊष्मणोः (dual locative)
ऊष्मसु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: ووٗہہٕ (wūhụ)

Devanagari script: वूहॖ (wūhụ)

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀉𑀫𑁆𑀳 (umha)
Magadhi Prakrit:
Assamese: উম (um)
Middle Bengali: ওম (ōm); উম (um)
Maithili: ōph
Devanagari script: ओफ
Tirhuta script: 𑒍𑒤
Maharastri Prakrit:
Konkani: hūm
Devanagari script: हूम
Kannada script: ಹೂಮ್
Latin script: hum
Paisaci Prakrit:
Takka Apabhramsa:
Old Punjabi: ਹੁੰਮਸ (hummasa)
Punjabi: hummha, hummasa
Gurmukhi script: ਹੁੰਮ੍ਹ, ਹੁੰਮਸ
Shahmukhi script: ہُمھّ, ہُمَّھس
Vracada Apabhramsa:
Sindhi:
Arabic script: اُس
Devanagari script: उस
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Gurjara Apabhramsa:
Gujarati: હૂંફ (hū̃ph)
Marwari: ऊमस (ūmas)


उष्मन्

uṣman (romanization)
उष्मा (nominative singular)
उष्माणौ (dual nominative)
उष्माणा1 (dual nominative)
उष्माणः (nominative plural)
उष्मन् (singular vocative)
उष्माणौ (dual vocative)
उष्माणा1 (dual vocative)
उष्माणः (plural vocative)
उष्माणम् (accusative singular)
उष्माणौ (accusative dual)
उष्माणा1 (accusative dual)
उष्मणः (accusative plural)
उष्मणा (instrumental singular)
उष्मभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उष्मभिः (instrumental plural)
उष्मणे (dative singular)
उष्मभ्याम् (dative dual)
उष्मभ्यः (dative plural)
उष्मणः (ablative singular)
उष्मभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उष्मभ्यः (ablative plural)
उष्मणः (genitive singular)
उष्मणोः (dual genitive)
उष्मणाम् (genitive plural)
उष्मणि (locative singular)
उष्मन्1 (locative singular)
उष्मणोः (dual locative)
उष्मसु (locative plural)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

ऊष्मन् ऊष्मन्#Sanskrit


मटची

maṭacī (romanization)
मटची (nominative singular)
मटच्यौ (dual nominative)
मटची1 (dual nominative)
मटच्यः (nominative plural)
मटचीः1 (nominative plural)
मटचि (singular vocative)
मटच्यौ (dual vocative)
मटची1 (dual vocative)
मटच्यः (plural vocative)
मटचीः1 (plural vocative)
मटचीम् (accusative singular)
मटच्यौ (accusative dual)
मटची1 (accusative dual)
मटचीः (accusative plural)
मटच्या (instrumental singular)
मटचीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मटचीभिः (instrumental plural)
मटच्यै (dative singular)
मटचीभ्याम् (dative dual)
मटचीभ्यः (dative plural)
मटच्याः (ablative singular)
मटच्यै2 (ablative singular)
मटचीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मटचीभ्यः (ablative plural)
मटच्याः (genitive singular)
मटच्यै2 (genitive singular)
मटच्योः (dual genitive)
मटचीनाम् (genitive plural)
मटच्याम् (locative singular)
मटच्योः (dual locative)
मटचीषु (locative plural)

/ˈmɐ.ʈɐ.t͡ɕiː/

A term of uncertain interpretation, an almost-hapax legomenon only attested twice in the Sanskrit corpus; once in the Chāndogya Upaniṣad, and once in the Bhāradvājagṛhyasūtra. If the original meaning is "locust", then it is likely a Wanderwort shared with Dravidian and Iranian languages; compare Kannada ಮಿಡಿಚೆ (miḍice) / ಮಿಡಿತೆ (miḍite, “locust”), as well as Persian ملخ (malax, “grasshopper”).

मटचीहतेषु कुरुष्वाटिक्या सह जाययोषस्तिर्ह चाक्रायण इभ्यग्रामे प्रद्राणक उवास ॥
maṭacīhateṣu kuruṣvāṭikyā saha jāyayoṣastirha cākrāyaṇa ibhyagrāme pradrāṇaka uvāsa.
The land of the Kurus was (struck by hail / besieged by locusts), and a young man living there named Uṣasti, the son of Cakra, was in great distress. He left home along with his wife, Āṭikī, and moved to a prosperous village.

c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Chāndogya Upaniṣad 1.10.1

The meaning of this term is uncertain. Probably locust or hail/hailstone.


तामर

tāmara (romanization)
तामरम् (nominative singular)
तामरे (dual nominative)
तामराणि (nominative plural)
तामरा1 (nominative plural)
तामर (singular vocative)
तामरे (dual vocative)
तामराणि (plural vocative)
तामरा1 (plural vocative)
तामरम् (accusative singular)
तामरे (accusative dual)
तामराणि (accusative plural)
तामरा1 (accusative plural)
तामरेण (instrumental singular)
तामराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तामरैः (instrumental plural)
तामरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तामराय (dative singular)
तामराभ्याम् (dative dual)
तामरेभ्यः (dative plural)
तामरात् (ablative singular)
तामराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तामरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तामरस्य (genitive singular)
तामरयोः (dual genitive)
तामराणाम् (genitive plural)
तामरे (locative singular)
तामरयोः (dual locative)
तामरेषु (locative plural)

/ˈt̪ɑː.mɐ.ɾɐ/