संस्कृत

saṃskṛtá (romanization)
संस्कृतम् (nominative singular)
संस्कृते (dual nominative)
संस्कृतानि (nominative plural)
संस्कृता1 (nominative plural)
संस्कृत (singular vocative)
संस्कृते (dual vocative)
संस्कृतानि (plural vocative)
संस्कृता1 (plural vocative)
संस्कृतम् (accusative singular)
संस्कृते (accusative dual)
संस्कृतानि (accusative plural)
संस्कृता1 (accusative plural)
संस्कृतेन (instrumental singular)
संस्कृताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संस्कृतैः (instrumental plural)
संस्कृतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
संस्कृताय (dative singular)
संस्कृताभ्याम् (dative dual)
संस्कृतेभ्यः (dative plural)
संस्कृतात् (ablative singular)
संस्कृताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संस्कृतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
संस्कृतस्य (genitive singular)
संस्कृतयोः (dual genitive)
संस्कृतानाम् (genitive plural)
संस्कृते (locative singular)
संस्कृतयोः (dual locative)
संस्कृतेषु (locative plural)

desc

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀲𑀁𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀢 (*saṃkkata), *𑀲𑀁𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀝 (*saṃkkaṭa)

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀬 (sakkaya), 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀅 (sakkaa), 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀢 (sakkata), 𑀲𑀁𑀓𑀟 (saṃkaḍa)
>? Sinhalese: සකු (saku) (possibly borrowed)
→ Kannada: ಸಕ್ಕದ (sakkada)

Pali: saṅkhata, saṅkhaṭa

→ Assamese: সংস্কৃত (xoṅskrit)

→ Bengali: সংস্কৃত (śoṅskrito)

→ English: Sanskrit

→ Gujarati: સંસ્કૃત (sãskŕt)

→ Hindi: संस्कृत (sanskŕt)

→ Kannada: ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತ (saṃskṛta)

→ Marathi: संस्कृत (sauskŕt)

→ Malayalam: സംസ്കൃതം (saṁskr̥taṁ)

→ Nepali: संस्कृत (sanskr̥t)

→ Odia: ସଂସ୍କୃତ (saṁskruta)

→ Persian: سانسکریت (sânskerit), سنسکریت (sanskerit), سَهاسْکِرْت (sahâskert)

→ Tamil: சமஸ்கிருதம் (camaskirutam)

→ Telugu: సంస్కృతము (saṁskr̥tamu)

→ Pali: sakkata (calque)
→ Burmese: သက္ကတ (sakka.ta., “Sanskrit”)

desc

→ Tibetan: ལེགས་སྦྱར (legs sbyar) (calque)

Compound of सम् (sam, “together, wholly”) + स्कृ (skṛ, “to do”) + -त (-ta, “-ed”).

com+

c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Bharata Muni, Nāṭya Śāstra

c. 900 CE, Dhanañjaya, Daśarūpa

संस्कृतात् प्राकृतम् इष्टम् ततोऽपभ्रंशभाषणम्।

Rasikasarvasva in Narayana on Gitagovinda 5.2

One takes for granted that from Sanskrit originated Prakrit, whence the Apabhramsa language.

saṃskṛtāt prākṛtam iṣṭam tatoʼpabhraṃśabhāṣaṇam.


हिन्दी

hindī (romanization)
हिन्दी (nominative singular)
हिन्दि (singular vocative)
हिन्दीम् (accusative singular)
हिन्द्या (instrumental singular)
हिन्द्यै (dative singular)
हिन्द्याः (ablative singular)
हिन्द्यै1 (ablative singular)
हिन्द्याः (genitive singular)
हिन्द्यै1 (genitive singular)
हिन्द्याम् (locative singular)

हिन्दीं वदामि।


संधि

saṃdhí (romanization)
संधिः (nominative singular)
संधी (dual nominative)
संधयः (nominative plural)
संधे (singular vocative)
संधी (dual vocative)
संधयः (plural vocative)
संधिम् (accusative singular)
संधी (accusative dual)
संधीन् (accusative plural)
संधिना (instrumental singular)
संधिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संधिभिः (instrumental plural)
संधये (dative singular)
संधिभ्याम् (dative dual)
संधिभ्यः (dative plural)
संधेः (ablative singular)
संधिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संधिभ्यः (ablative plural)
संधेः (genitive singular)
संध्योः (dual genitive)
संधीनाम् (genitive plural)
संधौ (locative singular)
संध्योः (dual locative)
संधिषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine i-stem declension of संधि

→ English: sandhi

→ Marathi: संधी (sandhī)

→ Tamil: சந்தி (canti)

(phonology, grammar) sandhi, euphonic combination


शब्दकोश

śabdakośa (romanization)
शब्दकोशः (nominative singular)
शब्दकोशौ (dual nominative)
शब्दकोशाः (nominative plural)
शब्दकोश (singular vocative)
शब्दकोशौ (dual vocative)
शब्दकोशाः (plural vocative)
शब्दकोशम् (accusative singular)
शब्दकोशौ (accusative dual)
शब्दकोशान् (accusative plural)
शब्दकोशेन (instrumental singular)
शब्दकोशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शब्दकोशैः (instrumental plural)
शब्दकोशाय (dative singular)
शब्दकोशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शब्दकोशेभ्यः (dative plural)
शब्दकोशात् (ablative singular)
शब्दकोशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शब्दकोशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शब्दकोशस्य (genitive singular)
शब्दकोशयोः (dual genitive)
शब्दकोशानाम् (genitive plural)
शब्दकोशे (locative singular)
शब्दकोशयोः (dual locative)
शब्दकोशेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: शब्दकोश (śabdakoś)

Urdu: شَبْدَکوش (śabdakoś)

→ Marathi: शब्दकोश (śabdakoś) (learned)

→ Nepali: शब्दकोश (śabdakoś) (learned)

/ɕɐb.d̪ɐˈkoː.ɕɐ/

[ɕɐb̚.d̪ɐˈkoː.ɕɐ]

From शब्द (śabda, “word”) + कोश (kośa, “repository”).


फल

phála (romanization)
फलम् (nominative singular)
फले (dual nominative)
फलानि (nominative plural)
फला1 (nominative plural)
फल (singular vocative)
फले (dual vocative)
फलानि (plural vocative)
फला1 (plural vocative)
फलम् (accusative singular)
फले (accusative dual)
फलानि (accusative plural)
फला1 (accusative plural)
फलेन (instrumental singular)
फलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
फलैः (instrumental plural)
फलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
फलाय (dative singular)
फलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
फलेभ्यः (dative plural)
फलात् (ablative singular)
फलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
फलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
फलस्य (genitive singular)
फलयोः (dual genitive)
फलानाम् (genitive plural)
फले (locative singular)
फलयोः (dual locative)
फलेषु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: ফল (phol)

→ Bengali: ফল (phol)

Chakma: 𑄜𑄧𑄣𑄴 (phal)

Gujarati: ફળ (phaḷ)

Pali: phala

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀨𑀮 (phala)

Hindi: फल (phal)

Urdu: پھل (phal)

→ Khmer: ផល (pʰɑl), ផល្លា (pʰalla)

→ Malay: pahala (ڤهالا), pala

Indonesian: pahala, pala

→ Tagalog: pala

→ Malayalam: ഫലം (phalaṁ)

→ Marathi: फळ (phaḷ)

Nepali: फल (phal)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: phala
> Javanese: ꦥꦭ (pala, “fruit; nutmeg”), ꦥꦲꦭ (pahala, “merit”) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬨᬮ (pala, “fruit; result”)

Marwari: फळ (phaḷ)

Sylheti: ꠚꠟ (fôl)

→ Tamil: பலன் (palaṉ), பயன் (payaṉ)

→ Telugu: ఫలము (phalamu)

→ Thai: ผล (pǒn)

Uncertain. The original meaning was "fruit". It is commonly considered a borrowing from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam (“ripe fruit”), from *paẓV- (“to ripen, become mature”) (compare Tamil பழம் (paḻam), Malayalam പഴം (paḻaṁ), Telugu పండు (paṇḍu) and Kannada ಹಣ್ಣು (haṇṇu)). However, Mayrhofer says nothing speaks for that and instead groups it with the family of words derived from the root फल् (phal, “to burst, split”) (as ripe fruit is prone to burst, see below for other words related to "bursting, splitting"). It might derive from Proto-Indo-European *(s)bʰel- (“to swell”) (with devoicing due to Siebs's law with an s-mobile). Another possibility is Proto-Indo-European *(s)pelH- (“to split, tear off”) (for which see Lithuanian spãlis (“flax boon; October”) for more potential cognates).

cog

(rhetoric) the issue or end of an action


अग्नि

agní (romanization)
अग्निः (nominative singular)
अग्नी (dual nominative)
अग्नयः (nominative plural)
अग्ने (singular vocative)
अग्नी (dual vocative)
अग्नयः (plural vocative)
अग्निम् (accusative singular)
अग्नी (accusative dual)
अग्नीन् (accusative plural)
अग्निना (instrumental singular)
अग्न्या1 (instrumental singular)
अग्निभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अग्निभिः (instrumental plural)
अग्नये (dative singular)
अग्निभ्याम् (dative dual)
अग्निभ्यः (dative plural)
अग्नेः (ablative singular)
अग्निभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अग्निभ्यः (ablative plural)
अग्नेः (genitive singular)
अग्न्योः (dual genitive)
अग्नीनाम् (genitive plural)
अग्नौ (locative singular)
अग्ना1 (locative singular)
अग्न्योः (dual locative)
अग्निषु (locative plural)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀅𑀕𑀺 (agi /aggi/)
Prakrit: 𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀺 (aggi) (see there for further descendants)

Dardic:

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: اۆگُن (ogun)

Devanagari script: ऒगुन (ogun)

Gandhari: 𐨀𐨒𐨁 (agi)

Pali: aggi
→ Khmer: អគ្គិ (ʼakkiʼ) (learned)
→ Lao: ອັກຄີ (ʼak khī) (learned)
→ Thai: อัคคี (àk-kii) (learned)

→ Assamese: অগ্নি (ogni)

→ Bengali: অগ্নি (ogni) (learned)

→ English: Agni

→ Gujarati: અગ્નિ (agni)

→ Hindustani:

→ Hindi: अगन (agan) (semi-learned)

→ Urdu: اگن (agan) (semi-learned)

→ Hindustani:

→ Old Hindi: अग्नि (agni) (learned)
Hindi: अग्नि (agni)

→ Urdu: اگنی (agni) (learned)

→ Old Javanese: agni, gĕni
Javanese: ꦲꦒ꧀ꦤꦶ (agni)
→ Balinese: ᬅᬕ᭄ᬦᬶ (agni)
Javanese: ꦒꦼꦤꦶ (geni)
→ Balinese: ᬕᭂᬦᬶ (geni)

→ Kannada: ಅಗ್ನಿ (agni)

→ Lao: ອັກຄະນີ (ʼak kha nī)

→ Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: अग्न (agna), अग्नि (agni), अज्ञी (ajñī)

Modi script: 𑘀𑘐𑘿𑘡 (agna), 𑘀𑘐𑘿𑘡𑘲 (agnī), 𑘀𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘲 (ajñī)

→ Odia: ଅଗ୍ନି (agni)

→ Marwari: अगन (agan), अगनी (agnī)

→ Russian: Агни́ (Agní)

→ Rohingya: ooin

→ Sylheti: ꠀꠉꠥꠁꠘ (aguin)

→ Tamil: அக்கினி (akkiṉi), அக்னி (akṉi)

→ Malayalam: അഗ്നി (agni)

→ Telugu: అగ్ని (agni)

→ Thai: อัคนี (àk-ká-nii)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hagníṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hagníš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥gʷnís. Cognate with Latin ignis, Old Church Slavonic огнь (ognĭ), ⱁⰳⱀⱐ (ognĭ).

in the कातन्त्र (kātantra) grammar, name of noun-stems ending in i and u


गुजराती

head

गुजराती • (gujarā́tī)

/ɡu.d͡ʑɐˈɾɑː.t̪iː/

Borrowed from Gujarati ગુજરાતી (gujrātī).


अष्टाध्यायी

head

अष्टाध्यायी • (aṣṭādhyāyī) f

/ɐʂ.ʈɑːdʱ.jɑː.jiː/

/ɐʂ.ʈɑːd̪ʱˈjɑː.jiː/

Compound of अष्ट (aṣṭa) + अध्याय (adhyāya) + -ई (-ī).

com+

(linguistics) Literary meaning "eight chapters"; the earliest known grammar of Sanskrit, and one of the first works on descriptive linguistics, generative linguistics, or linguistics altogether.


संयोग

saṃyoga (romanization)
संयोगः (nominative singular)
संयोगौ (dual nominative)
संयोगा1 (dual nominative)
संयोगाः (nominative plural)
संयोगासः1 (nominative plural)
संयोग (singular vocative)
संयोगौ (dual vocative)
संयोगा1 (dual vocative)
संयोगाः (plural vocative)
संयोगासः1 (plural vocative)
संयोगम् (accusative singular)
संयोगौ (accusative dual)
संयोगा1 (accusative dual)
संयोगान् (accusative plural)
संयोगेन (instrumental singular)
संयोगाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संयोगैः (instrumental plural)
संयोगेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
संयोगाय (dative singular)
संयोगाभ्याम् (dative dual)
संयोगेभ्यः (dative plural)
संयोगात् (ablative singular)
संयोगाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संयोगेभ्यः (ablative plural)
संयोगस्य (genitive singular)
संयोगयोः (dual genitive)
संयोगानाम् (genitive plural)
संयोगे (locative singular)
संयोगयोः (dual locative)
संयोगेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: संयोग (sãyog)

Urdu: سنیوگ (sãyog)

/s̪ɐ̃ˈjoː.ɡɐ/

From the root संयुज् (saṃyuj) or from सम्- (sam-) + योग (yoga).

(grammar) a conjunct consonant, combination of two or more consonants


यम

yamá (romanization)
यमम् (nominative singular)
यमे (dual nominative)
यमानि (nominative plural)
यमा1 (nominative plural)
यम (singular vocative)
यमे (dual vocative)
यमानि (plural vocative)
यमा1 (plural vocative)
यमम् (accusative singular)
यमे (accusative dual)
यमानि (accusative plural)
यमा1 (accusative plural)
यमेन (instrumental singular)
यमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यमैः (instrumental plural)
यमेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
यमाय (dative singular)
यमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
यमेभ्यः (dative plural)
यमात् (ablative singular)
यमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
यमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
यमस्य (genitive singular)
यमयोः (dual genitive)
यमानाम् (genitive plural)
यमे (locative singular)
यमयोः (dual locative)
यमेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *yamás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yamás, from Proto-Indo-European *yemHós (“connected, paired”), from *yemH- (“twin”). Cognate with Latin Remus.


य

ya (romanization)
यः (nominative singular)
यौ (dual nominative)
या1 (dual nominative)
याः (nominative plural)
यासः1 (nominative plural)
य (singular vocative)
यौ (dual vocative)
या1 (dual vocative)
याः (plural vocative)
यासः1 (plural vocative)
यम् (accusative singular)
यौ (accusative dual)
या1 (accusative dual)
यान् (accusative plural)
येन (instrumental singular)
याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
यैः (instrumental plural)
येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
याय (dative singular)
याभ्याम् (dative dual)
येभ्यः (dative plural)
यात् (ablative singular)
याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
येभ्यः (ablative plural)
यस्य (genitive singular)
ययोः (dual genitive)
यानाम् (genitive plural)
ये (locative singular)
ययोः (dual locative)
येषु (locative plural)


स्त्री

strī́ (romanization)
स्त्री (nominative singular)
स्त्रियौ (dual nominative)
स्त्रियः (nominative plural)
स्त्रीः (singular vocative)
स्त्रियौ (dual vocative)
स्त्रियः (plural vocative)
स्त्रियम् (accusative singular)
स्त्रियौ (accusative dual)
स्त्रियः (accusative plural)
स्त्रिया (instrumental singular)
स्त्रीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्त्रीभिः (instrumental plural)
स्त्रिये (dative singular)
स्त्रियै1 (dative singular)
स्त्रीभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्त्रीभ्यः (dative plural)
स्त्रियः (ablative singular)
स्त्रियाः1 (ablative singular)
स्त्रियै2 (ablative singular)
स्त्रीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्त्रीभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्त्रियः (genitive singular)
स्त्रियाः1 (genitive singular)
स्त्रियै2 (genitive singular)
स्त्रियोः (dual genitive)
स्त्रियाम् (genitive plural)
स्त्रीणाम्1 (genitive plural)
स्त्रियि (locative singular)
स्त्रियाम्1 (locative singular)
स्त्रियोः (dual locative)
स्त्रीषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: istríža

Kashmiri: ترٕٛے

Gandhari: 𐨀𐨁𐨯𐨿𐨟𐨿𐨪𐨁 (istri)

Pali: itthi

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀇𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀻 (itthī)

Hindi: तिय (tiya)

Marwari: तिरिया (tiriyā) (Influenced by Sanskrit)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *stríH (“woman”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬭𐬍 (strī, “woman”), Pashto ښځه (ẍëźa, “woman”), Sogdian 𐼼𐽂𐽀𐼷𐼿 (stryc), Ossetian силӕ (silæ).


नदी

nadī́ (romanization)
नदी (nominative singular)
नद्यौ (dual nominative)
नदी1 (dual nominative)
नद्यः (nominative plural)
नदीः1 (nominative plural)
नदि (singular vocative)
नद्यौ (dual vocative)
नदी1 (dual vocative)
नद्यः (plural vocative)
नदीः1 (plural vocative)
नदीम् (accusative singular)
नद्यौ (accusative dual)
नदी1 (accusative dual)
नदीः (accusative plural)
नद्या (instrumental singular)
नदीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नदीभिः (instrumental plural)
नद्यै (dative singular)
नदीभ्याम् (dative dual)
नदीभ्यः (dative plural)
नद्याः (ablative singular)
नद्यै2 (ablative singular)
नदीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नदीभ्यः (ablative plural)
नद्याः (genitive singular)
नद्यै2 (genitive singular)
नद्योः (dual genitive)
नदीनाम् (genitive plural)
नद्याम् (locative singular)
नद्योः (dual locative)
नदीषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀡𑀈 (ṇaī)

desctree

Kamarupi Prakrit: 𑖜𑖂 (ṇaï)
Assamese: নৈ (noi)

Odia: ନଈ (nai)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Old Marathi: नई (naī), नइ (naï)

→ Old Javanese: nadī
Javanese: ꦤꦢꦶ (nadi)

Pali: nadī

Romani: len

→ Bengali: নদী (nodi) (learned)

→ Gujarati: નદી (nadī) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: नदी (nadī)

Urdu: نَدِی (nadī)

→ Kannada: ನದಿ (nadi) (learned)

→ Kashmiri: नदी (nadī) (learned)

→ Malayalam: നദി (nadi) (learned)

→ Marathi: नदी (nadī) (learned)

→ Marwari: नंदी (nandī) (learned)

→ Nepali: नदी (nadī) (learned)

→ Odia: ନଦୀ (nadi) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਨਦੀ (nadī) (learned)

→ Sindhi: ندي (learned)

→ Tamil: நதி (nati) (learned)

→ Telugu: నది (nadi) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *nadíH (“river”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ned-ih₂, from *ned- (“thundering, roaring, rushing”) + *-íh₂. Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬍𐬨 (anaⁱδīm, “across a river”). Possibly related to Ancient Greek Νέδα (Néda, name of a river), Middle Low German Nette (name of a river).

cog

(linguistics) name of particular feminine stems ending in -ī or -ū (as in नदी (nadī) itself)


पुरुष

púruṣa (romanization)
पुरुषः (nominative singular)
पुरुषौ (dual nominative)
पुरुषा1 (dual nominative)
पुरुषाः (nominative plural)
पुरुषासः1 (nominative plural)
पुरुष (singular vocative)
पुरुषौ (dual vocative)
पुरुषा1 (dual vocative)
पुरुषाः (plural vocative)
पुरुषासः1 (plural vocative)
पुरुषम् (accusative singular)
पुरुषौ (accusative dual)
पुरुषा1 (accusative dual)
पुरुषान् (accusative plural)
पुरुषेण (instrumental singular)
पुरुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पुरुषैः (instrumental plural)
पुरुषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पुरुषाय (dative singular)
पुरुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पुरुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
पुरुषात् (ablative singular)
पुरुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पुरुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पुरुषस्य (genitive singular)
पुरुषयोः (dual genitive)
पुरुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
पुरुषे (locative singular)
पुरुषयोः (dual locative)
पुरुषेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha:

Arabic script: پوُروُشؕ

Latin script: púruṣ

Prakrits:

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀲 (pulisa)
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 (purisa)
Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀰 (puliśa)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 (purisa)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 (purisa)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਪੁਰਖ (purakh), ਪੁਰਸ਼ (puraś)

Shahmukhi script: پُرَکھ (purakh), پُرَش (puraś)

Hindustani:

Hindi: पुरुख (purukh)

Urdu: پُرُکھ (purukh)

→ Assamese: পুৰুষ (purux)

→ Bengali: পুরুষ (puruś)

→ Gujarati: પુરુષ (puruṣ)

→ Hindi: पुरुष (puruṣ)

→ Urdu: پرش (puruś)

→ Kannada: ಪುರುಷ (puruṣa)

→ Khmer: ប្រុស (proh)

→ Lao: ບຸຣຸດ (bu rut)

→ Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: पुरुख (purukha), पुरुष (puruṣa)

Modi script: 𑘢𑘳𑘨𑘳𑘏 (purukha), 𑘢𑘳𑘨𑘳𑘬 (puruṣa)

desc

→ Tamil: புருஷன் (puruṣaṉ, “husband, man, manhood, life, people”)

→ Telugu: పురుషుడు (puruṣuḍu)

→ Thai: บุรุษ (bù-rùt)

→ Sinhalese: පුරුෂ (puruṣa)

An alteration of *pū́rṣa (by analogy with mánuṣya), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *pŕ̥Hṣas (“man”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“to produce, beget”). Cognate with Pali purisa, Ashokan Prakrit 𑀧𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀲 (pulisa, “man”), Magadhi Prakrit 𑀧𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀰 (puliśa). Further related to Latin pariō (“to spawn, to beget”).

der

हे॒तिः प॒क्षिणी॒ न द॑भात्य॒स्माना॒ष्ट्र्यां प॒दं कृ॑णुते अग्नि॒धाने॑।
शं नो॒ गोभ्य॑श्च॒ पुरु॑षेभ्यश्चास्तु॒ मा नो॑ हिंसीदि॒ह दे॑वाः क॒पोत॑:॥
hetíḥ pakṣíṇī ná dabhātyasmā́nāṣṭryā́ṃ padáṃ kṛṇute agnidhā́ne.

Let not the winged Arrow distract us: beside the fire-place, on the hearth it settles.
May, it bring welfare to our men and cattle: here let the Dove, ye Gods, forbear to harm us.

śáṃ no góbhyaśca púruṣebhyaścāstu mā́ no hiṃsīdihá devāḥ kapóta:.


इच्छा

icchā (romanization)
इच्छा (nominative singular)
इच्छे (dual nominative)
इच्छाः (nominative plural)
इच्छे (singular vocative)
इच्छे (dual vocative)
इच्छाः (plural vocative)
इच्छाम् (accusative singular)
इच्छे (accusative dual)
इच्छाः (accusative plural)
इच्छया (instrumental singular)
इच्छा1 (instrumental singular)
इच्छाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इच्छाभिः (instrumental plural)
इच्छायै (dative singular)
इच्छाभ्याम् (dative dual)
इच्छाभ्यः (dative plural)
इच्छायाः (ablative singular)
इच्छायै2 (ablative singular)
इच्छाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इच्छाभ्यः (ablative plural)
इच्छायाः (genitive singular)
इच्छायै2 (genitive singular)
इच्छयोः (dual genitive)
इच्छानाम् (genitive plural)
इच्छायाम् (locative singular)
इच्छयोः (dual locative)
इच्छासु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: इच्छा (icchā)

→ Kannada: ಇಚ್ಛೆ (icche)

→ Marathi: इच्छा (icchā)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: icchā (“wish, desire; pleased”), ica, eccha
Javanese: ꦲꦺꦕ (éca)
→ Indonesian: eco
→ Balinese: ᬳᬶᬘ (ica), ᬇᬘ

→ Old Tamil: 𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁃 (iccai)
Tamil: இச்சை (iccai)

Pali: icchā

Marwari: चा (cā)

→ Telugu: ఇచ్ఛ (iccha)

→ Thai: อิจฉา (ìt-chǎa, “to envy”)

[it̚.t͡ɕʰɑː]

/ˈit̪.t͡ɕʰɑː/

[ˈit̪̚.t͡ɕʰɑː]

Nominalized from इच्छति (icchati, “to wish, desire”).


इतिहास

itihāsá (romanization)
इतिहासः (nominative singular)
इतिहासौ (dual nominative)
इतिहासा1 (dual nominative)
इतिहासाः (nominative plural)
इतिहासासः1 (nominative plural)
इतिहास (singular vocative)
इतिहासौ (dual vocative)
इतिहासा1 (dual vocative)
इतिहासाः (plural vocative)
इतिहासासः1 (plural vocative)
इतिहासम् (accusative singular)
इतिहासौ (accusative dual)
इतिहासा1 (accusative dual)
इतिहासान् (accusative plural)
इतिहासेन (instrumental singular)
इतिहासाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इतिहासैः (instrumental plural)
इतिहासेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
इतिहासाय (dative singular)
इतिहासाभ्याम् (dative dual)
इतिहासेभ्यः (dative plural)
इतिहासात् (ablative singular)
इतिहासाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इतिहासेभ्यः (ablative plural)
इतिहासस्य (genitive singular)
इतिहासयोः (dual genitive)
इतिहासानाम् (genitive plural)
इतिहासे (locative singular)
इतिहासयोः (dual locative)
इतिहासेषु (locative plural)

→ Sylheti: ꠁꠔꠤꠀꠍ (itiās)

→ Assamese: ইতিহাস (itihax)

→ Bengali: ইতিহাস (itihaś)

→ Gujarati: ઇતિહાસ (itihās)

→ Hindi: इतिहास (itihās)

→ Kannada: ಇತಿಹಾಸ (itihāsa)

→ Khmer: ឥតិហាស (ʼetehaah)

→ Malayalam: ഇതിഹാസം (itihāsaṁ)

→ Marathi: इतिहास (itihās)

→ Nepali: इतिहास (itihās)

→ Newar: इतिहास (itihāsa)

→ Pali: itihāsa

→ Marwari: इतियास (itiyās)

→ Tamil: இதிகாசம் (itikācam)

→ Telugu: ఇతిహాసము (itihāsamu)

→ Urdu: اتہاس (itihās)

→ Vaghri: ઇતિહાસ (itihās) (learned)

From इति (iti, “thus; so; like that”, quotative particle) + ह (ha, intensifying particle) + आस (āsa, “was”, first/third person perfective), from the root अस् (as, “to be”). Literally, "so it has been; it was exactly as narrated."


गति

gáti (romanization)
गतिः (nominative singular)
गती (dual nominative)
गतयः (nominative plural)
गते (singular vocative)
गती (dual vocative)
गतयः (plural vocative)
गतिम् (accusative singular)
गती (accusative dual)
गतीः (accusative plural)
गत्या (instrumental singular)
गती1 (instrumental singular)
गतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गतिभिः (instrumental plural)
गतये (dative singular)
गत्यै2 (dative singular)
गती1 (dative singular)
गतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
गतिभ्यः (dative plural)
गतेः (ablative singular)
गत्याः2 (ablative singular)
गत्यै3 (ablative singular)
गतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
गतेः (genitive singular)
गत्याः2 (genitive singular)
गत्यै3 (genitive singular)
गत्योः (dual genitive)
गतीनाम् (genitive plural)
गतौ (locative singular)
गत्याम्2 (locative singular)
गता1 (locative singular)
गत्योः (dual locative)
गतिषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀇 (gaï)

desctree

Pali: gati
→ Khmer: គតិ (kĕəʼteʼ)
→ Burmese: ဂတိ (ga.ti.)
→ Thai: คติ (ká-dtì)

→ Bengali: গতি (gotoi)

→ Hindi: गति (gati)

→ Kannada: ಗತಿ (gati)

→ Marathi: गती (gatī), गति (gati)

→ Tamil: கதி (kati)

→ Telugu: గతి (gati)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gátiš (“going, motion”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḿ̥tis. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬡𐬌-𐬔𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (aⁱβi-gaⁱti), Ancient Greek βάσις (básis), Proto-Germanic *kumþiz. By surface analysis, गम् (gam, “to go”) + -ति (-ti).

surf

(grammar) a term for prepositions and some other adverbial prefixes when immediately connected with the tenses of a verb or with verbal derivatives


विशेषण

viśeṣaṇa (romanization)
विशेषणम् (nominative singular)
विशेषणे (dual nominative)
विशेषणानि (nominative plural)
विशेषणा1 (nominative plural)
विशेषण (singular vocative)
विशेषणे (dual vocative)
विशेषणानि (plural vocative)
विशेषणा1 (plural vocative)
विशेषणम् (accusative singular)
विशेषणे (accusative dual)
विशेषणानि (accusative plural)
विशेषणा1 (accusative plural)
विशेषणेन (instrumental singular)
विशेषणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विशेषणैः (instrumental plural)
विशेषणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
विशेषणाय (dative singular)
विशेषणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
विशेषणेभ्यः (dative plural)
विशेषणात् (ablative singular)
विशेषणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विशेषणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विशेषणस्य (genitive singular)
विशेषणयोः (dual genitive)
विशेषणानाम् (genitive plural)
विशेषणे (locative singular)
विशेषणयोः (dual locative)
विशेषणेषु (locative plural)

Pali: visesana

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: विशेषण (viśeṣaṇ)

Urdu: وشیشن (viśeṣaṇ)

→ Punjabi: ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ (viśeśaṇ)

/ʋi.ɕɐj.ʂɐ.ɳɐ/

/ʋiˈɕeː.ʂɐ.ɳɐ/

From वि- (vi-) + शिष् (śiṣ, root) + -अन (-ana).

con

(grammar) a word which particularises or defines; an adjective

(rhetoric) a figure of speech in which the excellence of a thing is implied by comparing it to some highly prized object


चक्र

cakrá (romanization)
चक्रम् (nominative singular)
चक्रे (dual nominative)
चक्राणि (nominative plural)
चक्रा1 (nominative plural)
चक्र (singular vocative)
चक्रे (dual vocative)
चक्राणि (plural vocative)
चक्रा1 (plural vocative)
चक्रम् (accusative singular)
चक्रे (accusative dual)
चक्राणि (accusative plural)
चक्रा1 (accusative plural)
चक्रेण (instrumental singular)
चक्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चक्रैः (instrumental plural)
चक्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चक्राय (dative singular)
चक्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
चक्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
चक्रात् (ablative singular)
चक्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चक्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चक्रस्य (genitive singular)
चक्रयोः (dual genitive)
चक्राणाम् (genitive plural)
चक्रे (locative singular)
चक्रयोः (dual locative)
चक्रेषु (locative plural)
चक्रः (nominative singular)
चक्रौ (dual nominative)
चक्रा1 (dual nominative)
चक्राः (nominative plural)
चक्रासः1 (nominative plural)
चक्र (singular vocative)
चक्रौ (dual vocative)
चक्रा1 (dual vocative)
चक्राः (plural vocative)
चक्रासः1 (plural vocative)
चक्रम् (accusative singular)
चक्रौ (accusative dual)
चक्रा1 (accusative dual)
चक्रान् (accusative plural)
चक्रेण (instrumental singular)
चक्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चक्रैः (instrumental plural)
चक्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चक्राय (dative singular)
चक्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
चक्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
चक्रात् (ablative singular)
चक्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चक्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चक्रस्य (genitive singular)
चक्रयोः (dual genitive)
चक्राणाम् (genitive plural)
चक्रे (locative singular)
चक्रयोः (dual locative)
चक्रेषु (locative plural)

desc

Assamese: চাক (sak), চকা (soka), চাকি (saki)

Bengali: চাকা (caka)

Marathi: चाक (cāk)

Odia: ଚକ (caka)

desctree

Pali: cakka
→ Burmese: စက် (cak)
→ Shan: ၸၢၵ်ႈ (tsāak)
→ Jingpho: jak
→ S'gaw Karen: စဲး (seḧ)
→ Western Kayah: ꤡꤢꤧ (cae)
→ Zaiwa: svdiq
→ Lao: ຈັກ (chak), ຈັກກະ (chak ka)

desc

Punjabi: ਚੱਕਰ (cakkar, “circle, rotation”), ਚੱਕਾ (cakkā, “wheel, rim”)

Sylheti: ꠌꠣꠇꠣ (saxa)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀓 (cakka)

Konkani: cāk

Devanagari script: चाक

Kannada script: ಚಾಕ್

Latin script: chaak

Old Marathi: cāka

Devanagari script: चाक

Modi script: 𑘓𑘰𑘎

Marathi: चाक (cāk)

Borrowings:

→ Bengali: চক্র (cokro)

→ English: chakra, chakram

→ Finnish: chakra

→ Gujarati: ચક્ર (cakra)

→ Hindi: चक्र (cakra), चक्कर (cakkar)

→ Kannada: ಚಕ್ರ (cakra)

→ Malay: cakera, cakra (چاکرا)

→ Malayalam: ചക്രം (cakraṁ)

→ Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: chakra

Norwegian Nynorsk: chakra

→ Japanese: チャクラ (chakura)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: cakra
Javanese: ꦕꦏꦿ (cakra)
→ Balinese: ᬘᬓ᭄ᬭ (cakra)

→ Old Tamil: 𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀭𑀫𑁆 (cakkaram)
Tamil: சக்கரம் (cakkaram, “wheel”)

→ Portuguese: chacra

→ Santali: ᱪᱚᱠ (côk) (borrowed from Middle-Indo-Aryan)

→ Spanish: chakra

→ Sylheti: ꠌꠇ꠆ꠇꠞ (sokkor)

→ Tagalog: sakla

→ Telugu: చక్రము (cakramu)

→ Thai: จักร (jàk)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćakrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos (“circle, wheel”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀 (caxra, “wheel”), Persian چرخ (čarx), Old Church Slavonic коло (kolo), Lithuanian kãklas, Tocharian B kokale, Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos), Latin colus, Old English hwēol (whence English wheel).


समय

samayá (romanization)
समयः (nominative singular)
समयौ (dual nominative)
समया1 (dual nominative)
समयाः (nominative plural)
समयासः1 (nominative plural)
समय (singular vocative)
समयौ (dual vocative)
समया1 (dual vocative)
समयाः (plural vocative)
समयासः1 (plural vocative)
समयम् (accusative singular)
समयौ (accusative dual)
समया1 (accusative dual)
समयान् (accusative plural)
समयेन (instrumental singular)
समयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
समयैः (instrumental plural)
समयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
समयाय (dative singular)
समयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
समयेभ्यः (dative plural)
समयात् (ablative singular)
समयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
समयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
समयस्य (genitive singular)
समययोः (dual genitive)
समयानाम् (genitive plural)
समये (locative singular)
समययोः (dual locative)
समयेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀫𑀬 (samaya)

Hindustani: samā

Hindi: समा

Urdu: سَما

Gujarati: સમૌ (samau)

Marathi: सवे (save)

desc

Sinhalese: සමියෙන් (samiyen), සමා (samā), සෙමෙ (seme)

Old Awadhi: samaya

Devanagari script: समय

Kaithi script: 𑂮𑂧𑂨

→ Hindi: समय (samay, “time; hours”) (learned)

→ Nepali: समय (samaya, “time; schedule, hours; chance”) (learned)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: samaya (“agreement, promise; meeting; time, season; convention, law, practice, doctrine”)
Javanese: ꦱꦼꦩꦪ (semaya, “to postpone, to delay”)
→ Indonesian: sêmaya (“to postpone, to delay”)
→ Balinese: ᬲᬵᬫᬬ (semaya, “agreement, alliance, fate”)
→ Tagalog: samaya (“accomplice in intrigue”)

Pali: samaya (“time, occasion”)
→ Burmese: သမယ (sa.ma.ya.)

→ Hindustani: samai

Hindi: समै

desc

Urdu: سَمَیْ

Urdu: سَمَیْ

From the root समि (sami) or from सम्- (sam-) + अय (ayá), the latter a variant of इ (i, “to go”).

(rhetoric) the conventional meaning or scope of a word

(grammar) a Vedic passage which is the repetition of another one


कला

Borrowed from Dravidian *kal-ay 'art, skill' related to *kal meaning to learn. Compare கலை (kalai).


द्रव्य

dravya (romanization)
द्रव्यम् (nominative singular)
द्रव्ये (dual nominative)
द्रव्याणि (nominative plural)
द्रव्य (singular vocative)
द्रव्ये (dual vocative)
द्रव्याणि (plural vocative)
द्रव्यम् (accusative singular)
द्रव्ये (accusative dual)
द्रव्याणि (accusative plural)
द्रव्येण (instrumental singular)
द्रव्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्रव्यैः (instrumental plural)
द्रव्याय (dative singular)
द्रव्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्रव्येभ्यः (dative plural)
द्रव्यात् (ablative singular)
द्रव्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्रव्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
द्रव्यस्य (genitive singular)
द्रव्ययोः (dual genitive)
द्रव्याणाम् (genitive plural)
द्रव्ये (locative singular)
द्रव्ययोः (dual locative)
द्रव्येषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">द्रव्य</i>

द्रव्याभ्याम्

द्रव्याभ्याम्

द्रव्याभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

द्रव्याभ्याम्

द्रव्याभ्याम्

द्रव्याभ्याम्

→ Bengali: দ্রব্য (drôbbô)

→ Hindi: द्रव्य (dravya)

Romani: dráb, drap (“drug, herb, root”)

→ Burmese: ဒြပ် (drap)

→ Khmer: ទ្រព្យ (trŏəp)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: drawya (“property”), drabya, dṛwya, dṛbya, drĕwe, duwe, dwe
Javanese: ꦢꦸꦮꦺ (duwé, “to have, to own”)
→ Balinese: ᬤᬸᬯᬾ (duwé, “to have, to own”)

→ Thai: ทรัพย์ (sáp)

→ Northern Thai: ᨪᩢ᩠ᨷ (sap)

→ Lao: ຊັບ (sap)

(grammar) single object or person, individual (compare एक (eka-))


दूरभाष

dūrabhāṣa (romanization)
दूरभाषः (nominative singular)
दूरभाषौ (dual nominative)
दूरभाषा1 (dual nominative)
दूरभाषाः (nominative plural)
दूरभाषासः1 (nominative plural)
दूरभाष (singular vocative)
दूरभाषौ (dual vocative)
दूरभाषा1 (dual vocative)
दूरभाषाः (plural vocative)
दूरभाषासः1 (plural vocative)
दूरभाषम् (accusative singular)
दूरभाषौ (accusative dual)
दूरभाषा1 (accusative dual)
दूरभाषान् (accusative plural)
दूरभाषेण (instrumental singular)
दूरभाषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दूरभाषैः (instrumental plural)
दूरभाषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दूरभाषाय (dative singular)
दूरभाषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दूरभाषेभ्यः (dative plural)
दूरभाषात् (ablative singular)
दूरभाषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दूरभाषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दूरभाषस्य (genitive singular)
दूरभाषयोः (dual genitive)
दूरभाषाणाम् (genitive plural)
दूरभाषे (locative singular)
दूरभाषयोः (dual locative)
दूरभाषेषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: দূরভাষা (durbhaśa)

→ Gujarati: દૂરભાષ (dūrbhāṣ)

/d̪uː.ɾɐˈbʱɑː.ʂɐ/

From दूर (dūra) + भाष (bhāṣa). Calque of English telephone (compare with Thai โทรศัพท์ (too-rá-sàp), Lao ໂທລະສັບ (thō la sap) and Khmer ទូរស័ព្ទ (tuurĕəʼsap) all from दूर (dūra) + शब्द (śabda); Kannada ದೂರವಾಣಿ (dūravāṇi) and Telugu దూరవాణి (dūravāṇi) from दूरवाणी (dūravāṇī) from दूर (dūra) + वाणी (vāṇī))

af

दूर (dūra) + वाणी (vāṇī)


गुरु

sa-adj

गुरु • (gurú) stem (comparative गरीयस् or गुरुतर, superlative गरिष्ठ or गुरुतम)

gurú (romanization)
गरीयस् (comparative)
गुरुतर (comparative)
गरिष्ठ (superlative)
गुरुतम (superlative)
गुरुः (nominative singular)
गुरू (dual nominative)
गुरवः (nominative plural)
गुरो (singular vocative)
गुरू (dual vocative)
गुरवः (plural vocative)
गुरुम् (accusative singular)
गुरू (accusative dual)
गुरून् (accusative plural)
गुरुणा (instrumental singular)
गुर्वा1 (instrumental singular)
गुरुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गुरुभिः (instrumental plural)
गुरवे (dative singular)
गुर्वे1 (dative singular)
गुरुभ्याम् (dative dual)
गुरुभ्यः (dative plural)
गुरोः (ablative singular)
गुर्वः1 (ablative singular)
गुरुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गुरुभ्यः (ablative plural)
गुरोः (genitive singular)
गुर्वः1 (genitive singular)
गुर्वोः (dual genitive)
गुरूणाम् (genitive plural)
गुरौ (locative singular)
गुर्वोः (dual locative)
गुरुषु (locative plural)
गुर्वी (nominative singular)
गुर्व्यौ (dual nominative)
गुर्वी1 (dual nominative)
गुर्व्यः (nominative plural)
गुर्वीः1 (nominative plural)
गुर्वि (singular vocative)
गुर्व्यौ (dual vocative)
गुर्वी1 (dual vocative)
गुर्व्यः (plural vocative)
गुर्वीः1 (plural vocative)
गुर्वीम् (accusative singular)
गुर्व्यौ (accusative dual)
गुर्वी1 (accusative dual)
गुर्वीः (accusative plural)
गुर्व्या (instrumental singular)
गुर्वीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गुर्वीभिः (instrumental plural)
गुर्व्यै (dative singular)
गुर्वीभ्याम् (dative dual)
गुर्वीभ्यः (dative plural)
गुर्व्याः (ablative singular)
गुर्व्यै2 (ablative singular)
गुर्वीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गुर्वीभ्यः (ablative plural)
गुर्व्याः (genitive singular)
गुर्व्यै2 (genitive singular)
गुर्व्योः (dual genitive)
गुर्वीणाम् (genitive plural)
गुर्व्याम् (locative singular)
गुर्व्योः (dual locative)
गुर्वीषु (locative plural)
गुरु (nominative singular)
गुरुणी (dual nominative)
गुरूणि (nominative plural)
गुरु1 (nominative plural)
गुरू1 (nominative plural)
गुरु (singular vocative)
गुरो (singular vocative)
गुरुणी (dual vocative)
गुरूणि (plural vocative)
गुरु1 (plural vocative)
गुरू1 (plural vocative)
गुरु (accusative singular)
गुरुणी (accusative dual)
गुरूणि (accusative plural)
गुरु1 (accusative plural)
गुरू1 (accusative plural)
गुरुणा (instrumental singular)
गुर्वा1 (instrumental singular)
गुरुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गुरुभिः (instrumental plural)
गुरुणे (dative singular)
गुरवे1 (dative singular)
गुर्वे1 (dative singular)
गुरुभ्याम् (dative dual)
गुरुभ्यः (dative plural)
गुरुणः (ablative singular)
गुरोः1 (ablative singular)
गुर्वः1 (ablative singular)
गुरुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गुरुभ्यः (ablative plural)
गुरुणः (genitive singular)
गुरोः1 (genitive singular)
गुर्वः1 (genitive singular)
गुरुणोः (dual genitive)
गुरूणाम् (genitive plural)
गुरुणि (locative singular)
गुरौ1 (locative singular)
गुरुणोः (dual locative)
गुरुषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (“heavy”). Cognate with Ancient Greek βαρύς (barús), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌿𐍃 (kaurus, “burdensome”), Latin gravis, Persian گران (gerân).

(prosody) long by nature or position (a vowel)


गण

gaṇá (romanization)
गणः (nominative singular)
गणौ (dual nominative)
गणा1 (dual nominative)
गणाः (nominative plural)
गणासः1 (nominative plural)
गण (singular vocative)
गणौ (dual vocative)
गणा1 (dual vocative)
गणाः (plural vocative)
गणासः1 (plural vocative)
गणम् (accusative singular)
गणौ (accusative dual)
गणा1 (accusative dual)
गणान् (accusative plural)
गणेन (instrumental singular)
गणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गणैः (instrumental plural)
गणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गणाय (dative singular)
गणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गणेभ्यः (dative plural)
गणात् (ablative singular)
गणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गणस्य (genitive singular)
गणयोः (dual genitive)
गणानाम् (genitive plural)
गणे (locative singular)
गणयोः (dual locative)
गणेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Torwali: گن (gan)

Pali: gaṇa
→ Burmese: ဂိုဏ်း (guin:)

→ Tamil: கணம் (kaṇam) (learned)

From the root गण् (gaṇ, “to calculate, count”) + -अ (-a)

sa-root

(grammar) a series of roots or words following the same rule and called after the first word of the series (e.g. अद्-आदि, the g. अद् &c. or the whole series of roots of the 2nd class ; गर्गादि, the g. गर्ग &c. or the series of words commencing with गर्ग)


दूरदर्शन

dūradárśana (romanization)
दूरदर्शनम् (nominative singular)
दूरदर्शने (dual nominative)
दूरदर्शनानि (nominative plural)
दूरदर्शना1 (nominative plural)
दूरदर्शन (singular vocative)
दूरदर्शने (dual vocative)
दूरदर्शनानि (plural vocative)
दूरदर्शना1 (plural vocative)
दूरदर्शनम् (accusative singular)
दूरदर्शने (accusative dual)
दूरदर्शनानि (accusative plural)
दूरदर्शना1 (accusative plural)
दूरदर्शनेन (instrumental singular)
दूरदर्शनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दूरदर्शनैः (instrumental plural)
दूरदर्शनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दूरदर्शनाय (dative singular)
दूरदर्शनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दूरदर्शनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दूरदर्शनात् (ablative singular)
दूरदर्शनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दूरदर्शनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दूरदर्शनस्य (genitive singular)
दूरदर्शनयोः (dual genitive)
दूरदर्शनानाम् (genitive plural)
दूरदर्शने (locative singular)
दूरदर्शनयोः (dual locative)
दूरदर्शनेषु (locative plural)

→ Thai: โทรทัศน์ (too-rá-tát)

→ Lao: ໂທລະທັດ (thō la that)

desc

→ Khmer: ទូរទស្សន៍ (tuurĕəʼtŭəh)

→ Khmer: ទូរទស្សន៍ (tuurĕəʼtŭəh)

/d̪uː.ɾɐˈd̪ɐɾ.ɕɐ.n̪ɐ/

Compound of दूर (dūrá, “far”) + दर्शन (dárśana, “sight”).
The sense “television” is a semantic loan from English television based on its etymology, i.e. a calque of English tele- (“far”) + vision, probably following Hindi.


क्रिया

kriyā́ (romanization)
क्रिया (nominative singular)
क्रिये (dual nominative)
क्रियाः (nominative plural)
क्रिये (singular vocative)
क्रिये (dual vocative)
क्रियाः (plural vocative)
क्रियाम् (accusative singular)
क्रिये (accusative dual)
क्रियाः (accusative plural)
क्रियया (instrumental singular)
क्रिया1 (instrumental singular)
क्रियाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
क्रियाभिः (instrumental plural)
क्रियायै (dative singular)
क्रियाभ्याम् (dative dual)
क्रियाभ्यः (dative plural)
क्रियायाः (ablative singular)
क्रियायै2 (ablative singular)
क्रियाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
क्रियाभ्यः (ablative plural)
क्रियायाः (genitive singular)
क्रियायै2 (genitive singular)
क्रिययोः (dual genitive)
क्रियाणाम् (genitive plural)
क्रियायाम् (locative singular)
क्रिययोः (dual locative)
क्रियासु (locative plural)

→ Assamese: ক্ৰিয়া (kria)

→ English: Kriya, kriya

→ Burmese: ကြိယာ (kri.ya)

→ Hindi: क्रिया (kriyā)

→ Javanese: ꦏꦿꦶꦪ (kriya)

→ Khmer: កិរិយា (keriyaa)

→ Marathi: क्रिया (kriyā)

→ Nepali: क्रिया (kriyā)

→ Punjabi: ਕਿਰਿਆ (kiriā)

→ Sinhalese: ක්රියාව (kriyāwa)

→ Tamil: கிரியை (kiriyai)

→ Telugu: క్రియ (kriya)

→ Thai: กริยา (grì-yaa)

→ Urdu: کریا (kryā)

Compound of क्रिय् (kriy) + आ (ā), in which क्रिय् (kriy) is a Back-formation from क्रियते (kriyate), passive of कृ (kṛ).

सकर्मक्रिया (sakarmakriyā)

अकर्मक्रिया (akarmakriyā) — intransitive verb

(grammar) action (as the general idea expressed by any verb), verb


अधिकार

adhikāra (romanization)
अधिकारः (nominative singular)
अधिकारौ (dual nominative)
अधिकारा1 (dual nominative)
अधिकाराः (nominative plural)
अधिकारासः1 (nominative plural)
अधिकार (singular vocative)
अधिकारौ (dual vocative)
अधिकारा1 (dual vocative)
अधिकाराः (plural vocative)
अधिकारासः1 (plural vocative)
अधिकारम् (accusative singular)
अधिकारौ (accusative dual)
अधिकारा1 (accusative dual)
अधिकारान् (accusative plural)
अधिकारेण (instrumental singular)
अधिकाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अधिकारैः (instrumental plural)
अधिकारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अधिकाराय (dative singular)
अधिकाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अधिकारेभ्यः (dative plural)
अधिकारात् (ablative singular)
अधिकाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अधिकारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अधिकारस्य (genitive singular)
अधिकारयोः (dual genitive)
अधिकाराणाम् (genitive plural)
अधिकारे (locative singular)
अधिकारयोः (dual locative)
अधिकारेषु (locative plural)

Pali: adhikāra

→ Gujarati: અધિકાર (adhikār)

→ Hindi: अधिकार (adhikār)

→ Indonesian: adikara

→ Kannada: ಅಧಿಕಾರ (adhikāra)

→ Malay: adikara

→ Marathi: अधिकार (adhikār)

→ Odia: ଅଧିକାର (adhikāra)

→ Punjabi: ਅਧਿਕਾਰ (adhikār)

→ Tamil: அதிகாரம் (atikāram)

→ Telugu: అధికారము (adhikāramu)

/ɐ.d̪ʱiˈkɑː.ɾɐ/

अनुवृत्ति अनुवृत्ति#Sanskrit

(grammar) government, a governing-rule (the influence of which over any number of succeeding rules is called अनुवृत्ति (anu-vṛtti))


चन्द्र

candrá (romanization)
चन्द्रः (nominative singular)
चन्द्रौ (dual nominative)
चन्द्रा1 (dual nominative)
चन्द्राः (nominative plural)
चन्द्रासः1 (nominative plural)
चन्द्र (singular vocative)
चन्द्रौ (dual vocative)
चन्द्रा1 (dual vocative)
चन्द्राः (plural vocative)
चन्द्रासः1 (plural vocative)
चन्द्रम् (accusative singular)
चन्द्रौ (accusative dual)
चन्द्रा1 (accusative dual)
चन्द्रान् (accusative plural)
चन्द्रेण (instrumental singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
चन्द्रैः (instrumental plural)
चन्द्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
चन्द्राय (dative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
चन्द्रात् (ablative singular)
चन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
चन्द्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
चन्द्रस्य (genitive singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
चन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
चन्द्रे (locative singular)
चन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
चन्द्रेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: ژۆندُر (ċondur)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ހަނދު (haⁿdu)

Sinhalese: හඳ (haⁿda)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: চান্দ (sand)

Bengali: চাঁদ (cãd)

Odia: ଚନ୍ଦ (canda)

Rohingya: san

Sylheti: ꠌꠣꠘ꠆ꠖ (sando)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: चंद्रु (candru)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀘𑀁𑀤 (caṃda)

Gujarati: ચાંદ (cā̃d)

Hindustani:

Hindi: चाँद (cā̃d), चांद (cānd)

Urdu: چاند (cānd)

desc

Nepali: चाँद् (cā̃d), चन्द्रमा (candramā)

Punjabi: ਚੰਦ (cand), ਚੰਨ (cann)

Marwari: चांद (cā̃d)

Sindhi: چَنڊُ (candu)

Pali: canda

→ Burmese: စန္ဒာ (canda), စန်း (can:)

→ Khmer: ព្រះច័ន្ទ (prĕəh can)

→ Assamese: চন্দ্ৰ (sondro)

→ Bengali: চন্দ্র (côndrô)

→ Burmese: စန္ဒြာ (candra)

→ Gujarati: ચંદ્ર (candra)

→ Thai: จันท์

→ Thai: จันท์

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: चंद्र (candra)

Urdu: چندر (candra)

→ Indonesian: candra

→ Kannada: ಚಂದ್ರ (candra)

→ Konkani: चन्द्र (candr)

→ Lao: ຈັນ (chan)

→ Malay: cendera
Indonesian: cendera

→ Malayalam: ചന്ദ്രന് (candraṉ)

→ Marathi: चन्द्र (candra)

→ Nepali: चन्द्र (candra)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: candra
Javanese: ꦕꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ (candra)
→ Balinese: ᬘᬦ᭄ᬤ᭄ᬭ (candra)

→ Shan: ၸၼ်ႇတႃႇ (tsàn tàa)

→ Sinhalese: චන්ද්රයා (candrayā)

→ Lü: ᦶᦈᧃ (ṫsaen)

→ Tamil: சந்திரன் (cantiraṉ)

→ Telugu: చంద్రుడు (candruḍu)

→ Thai: จันทร์ (jan)

/t͡ɕɐn.dɾɐ́/

/ˈt͡ɕɐn̪.d̪ɾɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *(s)ćandrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kand-. Doublet of श्चन्द्र (ścandrá, “shining, radiant”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κάνδαρος (kándaros, “charcoal”), Latin candeō, Old Armenian խանդ (xand).


माया

māyā́ (romanization)
माया (nominative singular)
माये (dual nominative)
मायाः (nominative plural)
माये (singular vocative)
माये (dual vocative)
मायाः (plural vocative)
मायाम् (accusative singular)
माये (accusative dual)
मायाः (accusative plural)
मायया (instrumental singular)
माया1 (instrumental singular)
मायाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मायाभिः (instrumental plural)
मायायै (dative singular)
मायाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मायाभ्यः (dative plural)
मायायाः (ablative singular)
मायायै2 (ablative singular)
मायाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मायाभ्यः (ablative plural)
मायायाः (genitive singular)
मायायै2 (genitive singular)
माययोः (dual genitive)
मायानाम् (genitive plural)
मायायाम् (locative singular)
माययोः (dual locative)
मायासु (locative plural)

→ Balinese: ᬫᬵᬬᬵ

Pali: māyā

Indonesian: maya

Malay: maya

→ English: maya

→ Hindi: माया (māyā)

→ Lao: ມາຍາ (mā nyā)

→ Tamil: மாயை (māyai)

→ Thai: มายา (maa-yaa)

From मा (mā, “measure, magic, binding, fettering”).


माया

māyā́ (romanization)
माया (nominative singular)
माये (singular vocative)
मायाम् (accusative singular)
मायया (instrumental singular)
माया1 (instrumental singular)
मायायै (dative singular)
मायायाः (ablative singular)
मायायै2 (ablative singular)
मायायाः (genitive singular)
मायायै2 (genitive singular)
मायायाम् (locative singular)

→ English: Maya

(poetry, in the dual, māye indrasya) name of 2 sāmans


गौर

desctree

→ Old Javanese: gora
> Javanese: ꦒꦺꦴꦫ (gora) (inherited)


पद

padá (romanization)
m (rare)
पदम् (nominative singular)
पदे (dual nominative)
पदानि (nominative plural)
पदा1 (nominative plural)
पद (singular vocative)
पदे (dual vocative)
पदानि (plural vocative)
पदा1 (plural vocative)
पदम् (accusative singular)
पदे (accusative dual)
पदानि (accusative plural)
पदा1 (accusative plural)
पदेन (instrumental singular)
पदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पदैः (instrumental plural)
पदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पदाय (dative singular)
पदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पदेभ्यः (dative plural)
पदात् (ablative singular)
पदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पदस्य (genitive singular)
पदयोः (dual genitive)
पदानाम् (genitive plural)
पदे (locative singular)
पदयोः (dual locative)
पदेषु (locative plural)
पदः (nominative singular)
पदौ (dual nominative)
पदा1 (dual nominative)
पदाः (nominative plural)
पदासः1 (nominative plural)
पद (singular vocative)
पदौ (dual vocative)
पदा1 (dual vocative)
पदाः (plural vocative)
पदासः1 (plural vocative)
पदम् (accusative singular)
पदौ (accusative dual)
पदा1 (accusative dual)
पदान् (accusative plural)
पदेन (instrumental singular)
पदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पदैः (instrumental plural)
पदेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पदाय (dative singular)
पदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पदेभ्यः (dative plural)
पदात् (ablative singular)
पदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पदस्य (genitive singular)
पदयोः (dual genitive)
पदानाम् (genitive plural)
पदे (locative singular)
पदयोः (dual locative)
पदेषु (locative plural)

Pali: pada

→ Old Javanese: pada

→ Tamil: பாதம் (pātam), பதவி (patavi)

→ Telugu: పదము (padamu)

→ Bengali: পদ (pod)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *padám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *padám, from Proto-Indo-European *pedóm, originally meaning 'trace, bottom', from *ped- (“step, footprint”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέδον (pédon, “floor, ground”), Hittite 𒁉𒂊𒁕𒀭 (pēdan, “floor, ground; place”), Old Norse fet (“step”), Old Armenian հետ (het, “footprint, track”).

cog

(poetry) a verse, a quarter or line of a stanza


योग

yóga (romanization)
योगः (nominative singular)
योगौ (dual nominative)
योगा1 (dual nominative)
योगाः (nominative plural)
योगासः1 (nominative plural)
योग (singular vocative)
योगौ (dual vocative)
योगा1 (dual vocative)
योगाः (plural vocative)
योगासः1 (plural vocative)
योगम् (accusative singular)
योगौ (accusative dual)
योगा1 (accusative dual)
योगान् (accusative plural)
योगेन (instrumental singular)
योगाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
योगैः (instrumental plural)
योगेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
योगाय (dative singular)
योगाभ्याम् (dative dual)
योगेभ्यः (dative plural)
योगात् (ablative singular)
योगाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
योगेभ्यः (ablative plural)
योगस्य (genitive singular)
योगयोः (dual genitive)
योगानाम् (genitive plural)
योगे (locative singular)
योगयोः (dual locative)
योगेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: যো (zü)

→ English: yoga

→ Old Javanese: yoga, yuga (see there for further descendants)

→ Hindi: योग (yog) (learned)

→ Tamil: யோகம் (yōkam) (learned)

→ Telugu: యోగము (yōgamu) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-European *yówgos, from *yewg- (“to yoke, harness, join”). Compare the verbal root युनक्ति (yunákti, “to yoke”), युग (yugá) (< *yugóm), योगस् (yógas) (< *yéwgos). Cognate with English yoke.

(grammar) the connection of words together, syntactical dependence of a word, construction (at the end of a compound = dependent on, ruled by)

(grammar) a combined or concentrated grammatical rule or aphorism


दीर्घ

sa-adj

दीर्घ • (dīrghá) stem (comparative द्राघीयस्, superlative द्राघिष्ठ)

dīrghá (romanization)
द्राघीयस् (comparative)
द्राघिष्ठ (superlative)
दीर्घः (nominative singular)
दीर्घौ (dual nominative)
दीर्घा1 (dual nominative)
दीर्घाः (nominative plural)
दीर्घासः1 (nominative plural)
दीर्घ (singular vocative)
दीर्घौ (dual vocative)
दीर्घा1 (dual vocative)
दीर्घाः (plural vocative)
दीर्घासः1 (plural vocative)
दीर्घम् (accusative singular)
दीर्घौ (accusative dual)
दीर्घा1 (accusative dual)
दीर्घान् (accusative plural)
दीर्घेण (instrumental singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दीर्घैः (instrumental plural)
दीर्घेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दीर्घाय (dative singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दीर्घेभ्यः (dative plural)
दीर्घात् (ablative singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दीर्घेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दीर्घस्य (genitive singular)
दीर्घयोः (dual genitive)
दीर्घाणाम् (genitive plural)
दीर्घे (locative singular)
दीर्घयोः (dual locative)
दीर्घेषु (locative plural)
दीर्घा (nominative singular)
दीर्घे (dual nominative)
दीर्घाः (nominative plural)
दीर्घे (singular vocative)
दीर्घे (dual vocative)
दीर्घाः (plural vocative)
दीर्घाम् (accusative singular)
दीर्घे (accusative dual)
दीर्घाः (accusative plural)
दीर्घया (instrumental singular)
दीर्घा1 (instrumental singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दीर्घाभिः (instrumental plural)
दीर्घायै (dative singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दीर्घाभ्यः (dative plural)
दीर्घायाः (ablative singular)
दीर्घायै2 (ablative singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दीर्घाभ्यः (ablative plural)
दीर्घायाः (genitive singular)
दीर्घायै2 (genitive singular)
दीर्घयोः (dual genitive)
दीर्घाणाम् (genitive plural)
दीर्घायाम् (locative singular)
दीर्घयोः (dual locative)
दीर्घासु (locative plural)
दीर्घम् (nominative singular)
दीर्घे (dual nominative)
दीर्घाणि (nominative plural)
दीर्घा1 (nominative plural)
दीर्घ (singular vocative)
दीर्घे (dual vocative)
दीर्घाणि (plural vocative)
दीर्घा1 (plural vocative)
दीर्घम् (accusative singular)
दीर्घे (accusative dual)
दीर्घाणि (accusative plural)
दीर्घा1 (accusative plural)
दीर्घेण (instrumental singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दीर्घैः (instrumental plural)
दीर्घेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दीर्घाय (dative singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दीर्घेभ्यः (dative plural)
दीर्घात् (ablative singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दीर्घेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दीर्घस्य (genitive singular)
दीर्घयोः (dual genitive)
दीर्घाणाम् (genitive plural)
दीर्घे (locative singular)
दीर्घयोः (dual locative)
दीर्घेषु (locative plural)

/ˈd̪iːɾ.ɡʱɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dr̥Hgʰás (“long”), from Proto-Indo-European *dl̥h₁gʰós (“long”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬔𐬀 (dar^əga, “long”), Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎥 (d-r-g /darga/), Ancient Greek δολιχός (dolikhós), Latin longus, Old Church Slavonic дльгъ (dlĭgŭ), and possibly English long.


दीर्घ

dīrghá (romanization)
दीर्घः (nominative singular)
दीर्घौ (dual nominative)
दीर्घा1 (dual nominative)
दीर्घाः (nominative plural)
दीर्घासः1 (nominative plural)
दीर्घ (singular vocative)
दीर्घौ (dual vocative)
दीर्घा1 (dual vocative)
दीर्घाः (plural vocative)
दीर्घासः1 (plural vocative)
दीर्घम् (accusative singular)
दीर्घौ (accusative dual)
दीर्घा1 (accusative dual)
दीर्घान् (accusative plural)
दीर्घेण (instrumental singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दीर्घैः (instrumental plural)
दीर्घेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दीर्घाय (dative singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दीर्घेभ्यः (dative plural)
दीर्घात् (ablative singular)
दीर्घाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दीर्घेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दीर्घस्य (genitive singular)
दीर्घयोः (dual genitive)
दीर्घाणाम् (genitive plural)
दीर्घे (locative singular)
दीर्घयोः (dual locative)
दीर्घेषु (locative plural)

/ˈd̪iːɾ.ɡʱɐ/


हस्त

hásta (romanization)
हस्तः (nominative singular)
हस्तौ (dual nominative)
हस्ता1 (dual nominative)
हस्ताः (nominative plural)
हस्तासः1 (nominative plural)
हस्त (singular vocative)
हस्तौ (dual vocative)
हस्ता1 (dual vocative)
हस्ताः (plural vocative)
हस्तासः1 (plural vocative)
हस्तम् (accusative singular)
हस्तौ (accusative dual)
हस्ता1 (accusative dual)
हस्तान् (accusative plural)
हस्तेन (instrumental singular)
हस्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हस्तैः (instrumental plural)
हस्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हस्ताय (dative singular)
हस्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
हस्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
हस्तात् (ablative singular)
हस्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हस्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हस्तस्य (genitive singular)
हस्तयोः (dual genitive)
हस्तानाम् (genitive plural)
हस्ते (locative singular)
हस्तयोः (dual locative)
हस्तेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: اَتھٕ (athụ)

Khowar: ہوست (host)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އަތް (at̊), އަތްތިލަ (at̊tila)

Sinhalese: අත (ata)

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣 (hattha)
Central Indo-Aryan:
Old Gujarati: हाथ (hātha)
Gujarati: હાથ (hāth)
Malvi: हात (hāt)
Nimadi: हाथ (hāth)
Hindustani: hāth
Hindi: हाथ
Urdu: ہاتھ (hāth)
Romani: vast
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
Awadhi: हाँथ (hā̃th)
Early Assamese: হাথ (hatho)
Assamese: হাত (hat)
Old Bengali: হাথ (hātha)
Bengali: হাত (hat)
Chakma: 𑄦𑄖𑄴 (hāt)
Rohingya: hát
Sylheti: ꠀꠔ (at)
Bihari:
Bhojpuri: हाथ (hāth)
Maithili: हाथ (hāth)
Odia: ହାତ (hāta)
Insular Indo-Aryan:
Dhivehi: އަތް (at̊), އަތްތިލަ (at̊tila)
Sinhalese: අත (ata)
Northern Indo-Aryan:
Garhwali: हाथ (hāth)
Nepali: हात (hāt)
Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
Kachchi: હથ (hath)
Punjabi: hatth
Gurmukhi script: ਹੱਥ
Shahmukhi script: ہَتھّ
Sindhi:
Arabic script: هَٿُ
Devanagari script: हथु
Southern Indo-Aryan:
Konkani: hāt
Devanagari script: हात
Kannada script: ಹಾತ್
Latin script: hat
Old Marathi: hatha, hāṭa, hāta, hātha
Modi script: 𑘮𑘞, 𑘮𑘰𑘘, 𑘮𑘰𑘝, 𑘮𑘰𑘞
Devanagari script: हथ, हाट, हात, हाथ
Marathi: हात (hāt)

Pali: hattha
→ Khmer: ហត្ថ (hat)
→ Thai: หัตถ์

→ Hindi: हस्त (hast)

→ Kannada: ಹಸ್ತ (hasta)

→ Malay: hasta

Indonesian: hasta

→ Malayalam: ഹസ്തം (hastaṁ)

→ Old Javanese: hasta
Javanese: ꦲꦱ꧀ꦠ (asta)
→ Balinese: ᬳᬲ᭄ᬢ (asta, “hand”)

→ Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘮𑘭𑘿𑘝 (hasta)

Devanagari script: हस्त (hasta)

→ Tamil: அஸ்தம் (astam), அத்தம் (attam)

→ Telugu: హస్తము (hastamu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰós-tos
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas
Sanskrit हस्त (hasta)Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰós-tos.
Cognate with Old Persian 𐎭𐎿𐎫 (d-s-t /dasta/) (whence modern Persian دست (dast)), Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬀 (zasta, “hand”), Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír, “hand”), Latin hir (“hand”).

etymon

(astronomy) the 11th (13th) lunar asterism (represented by a hand and containing five stars, identified by some with part of the constellation Corvus)


नामन्

nā́man (romanization)
नाम (nominative singular)
नाम्नी (dual nominative)
नामनी (dual nominative)
नामानि (nominative plural)
नाम1 (nominative plural)
नामा1 (nominative plural)
नामन् (singular vocative)
नाम (singular vocative)
नाम्नी (dual vocative)
नामनी (dual vocative)
नामानि (plural vocative)
नाम1 (plural vocative)
नामा1 (plural vocative)
नाम (accusative singular)
नाम्नी (accusative dual)
नामनी (accusative dual)
नामानि (accusative plural)
नाम1 (accusative plural)
नामा1 (accusative plural)
नाम्ना (instrumental singular)
नामभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नामभिः (instrumental plural)
नाम्ने (dative singular)
नामभ्याम् (dative dual)
नामभ्यः (dative plural)
नाम्नः (ablative singular)
नामभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नामभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाम्नः (genitive singular)
नाम्नोः (dual genitive)
नाम्नाम् (genitive plural)
नाम्नि (locative singular)
नामनि (locative singular)
नामन्1 (locative singular)
नाम्नोः (dual locative)
नामसु (locative plural)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀫 (ṇāma)

Awadhi: नाउँ (nāũ)

Dardic:

Dameli: [script needed] (nam)

Domaaki: [script needed] (nōm)

Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (nam)

Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (nã̄)

Kalami: [script needed] (nām)

Kalasha: نوم (nom)

Kashmiri: ناو (nāv)

Khowar: [script needed] (nam)

Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (nōm)

desc

Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (nōm)

Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (nām)

Phalura: [script needed] (nō̃)

Shina: [script needed] (nom)

Shumashti: [script needed] (nām)

Tirahi: [script needed] (nām)

Torwali: [script needed] (nām)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (nām)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ނަން (nan̊)

Sinhalese: නම (nama)

Khasa Prakrit:

Garhwali: नौं (na͠u)

Nepali: नाउँ (nāũ)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀫 (ṇāma)

Assamese: নাম (nam)

Bengali: নাম (nam)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: नाउँ (nāũ)

Odia: ନାମ (nāma)

Sylheti: ꠘꠣꠝ (nam)

desctree

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀫 (ṇāma)
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
Awadhi: नाउँ (nāũ)
Helu Prakrit:
Dhivehi: ނަން (nan̊)
Sinhalese: නම (nama)
Khasa Prakrit:
Garhwali: नौं (na͠u)
Nepali: नाउँ (nāũ)
Magadhi Prakrit:
Assamese: নাম (nam)
Bengali: নাম (nam)
Bhojpuri: नाउँ (nāũ)
Odia: ନାମ (nāma)
Sylheti: ꠘꠣꠝ (nam)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Konkani: nāv
Devanagari script: नाव
Kannada script: ನಾವ್
Latin script: nav
Old Marathi: nāva, nāṃva
Modi script: 𑘡𑘰𑘪, 𑘡𑘰𑘽𑘪
Devanagari script: नाव, नांव
Marathi: नाव (nāv)
Paisaci Prakrit:
Punjabi: nā̃
Gurmukhi script: ਨਾਂ
Shahmukhi script: ناں
Sindhi:
Devanagari script: नाउँ (nāũ)
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Old Gujarati: नाम (nāma)
Gujarati: નામ (nām)
Hindustani: nām
Hindi: नाम
Urdu: نَام (nām)
Romani: nav

Pali: nāma

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀫 (ṇāma)
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
Awadhi: नाउँ (nāũ)
Helu Prakrit:
Dhivehi: ނަން (nan̊)
Sinhalese: නම (nama)
Khasa Prakrit:
Garhwali: नौं (na͠u)
Nepali: नाउँ (nāũ)
Magadhi Prakrit:
Assamese: নাম (nam)
Bengali: নাম (nam)
Bhojpuri: नाउँ (nāũ)
Odia: ନାମ (nāma)
Sylheti: ꠘꠣꠝ (nam)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Konkani: nāv
Devanagari script: नाव
Kannada script: ನಾವ್
Latin script: nav
Old Marathi: nāva, nāṃva
Modi script: 𑘡𑘰𑘪, 𑘡𑘰𑘽𑘪
Devanagari script: नाव, नांव
Marathi: नाव (nāv)
Paisaci Prakrit:
Punjabi: nā̃
Gurmukhi script: ਨਾਂ
Shahmukhi script: ناں
Sindhi:
Devanagari script: नाउँ (nāũ)
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Old Gujarati: नाम (nāma)
Gujarati: નામ (nām)
Hindustani: nām
Hindi: नाम
Urdu: نَام (nām)
Romani: nav

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਨਾਂ (nā̃), ਨਾਉਂ (nāũ)

Shahmukhi script: ناں (nāṉ)

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi:

Devanagari script: नाउँ (nāũ)

/ˈn̪ɑː.mɐn̪/

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnā́ma, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”).
Cognate with Ancient Greek ὄνομα (ónoma), Latin nōmen, Avestan 𐬥𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬥 (nāman), Proto-Slavic *jьmę, Old Persian 𐎴𐎠𐎶 (n-a-m /nāma/) (whence Persian نام (nâm)), Hittite 𒆷𒀀𒈠𒀭 (lāman), Old English nama (whence English name).


लघु

laghú (romanization)
लघुः (nominative singular)
लघू (dual nominative)
लघवः (nominative plural)
लघो (singular vocative)
लघू (dual vocative)
लघवः (plural vocative)
लघुम् (accusative singular)
लघू (accusative dual)
लघून् (accusative plural)
लघुना (instrumental singular)
लघ्वा1 (instrumental singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लघुभिः (instrumental plural)
लघवे (dative singular)
लघ्वे1 (dative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dative dual)
लघुभ्यः (dative plural)
लघोः (ablative singular)
लघ्वः1 (ablative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लघुभ्यः (ablative plural)
लघोः (genitive singular)
लघ्वः1 (genitive singular)
लघ्वोः (dual genitive)
लघूनाम् (genitive plural)
लघौ (locative singular)
लघ्वोः (dual locative)
लघुषु (locative plural)
लघ्वी (nominative singular)
लघ्व्यौ (dual nominative)
लघ्वी1 (dual nominative)
लघ्व्यः (nominative plural)
लघ्वीः1 (nominative plural)
लघ्वि (singular vocative)
लघ्व्यौ (dual vocative)
लघ्वी1 (dual vocative)
लघ्व्यः (plural vocative)
लघ्वीः1 (plural vocative)
लघ्वीम् (accusative singular)
लघ्व्यौ (accusative dual)
लघ्वी1 (accusative dual)
लघ्वीः (accusative plural)
लघ्व्या (instrumental singular)
लघ्वीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लघ्वीभिः (instrumental plural)
लघ्व्यै (dative singular)
लघ्वीभ्याम् (dative dual)
लघ्वीभ्यः (dative plural)
लघ्व्याः (ablative singular)
लघ्व्यै2 (ablative singular)
लघ्वीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लघ्वीभ्यः (ablative plural)
लघ्व्याः (genitive singular)
लघ्व्यै2 (genitive singular)
लघ्व्योः (dual genitive)
लघ्वीनाम् (genitive plural)
लघ्व्याम् (locative singular)
लघ्व्योः (dual locative)
लघ्वीषु (locative plural)
लघु (nominative singular)
लघुनी (dual nominative)
लघूनि (nominative plural)
लघु1 (nominative plural)
लघू1 (nominative plural)
लघु (singular vocative)
लघो (singular vocative)
लघुनी (dual vocative)
लघूनि (plural vocative)
लघु1 (plural vocative)
लघू1 (plural vocative)
लघु (accusative singular)
लघुनी (accusative dual)
लघूनि (accusative plural)
लघु1 (accusative plural)
लघू1 (accusative plural)
लघुना (instrumental singular)
लघ्वा1 (instrumental singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
लघुभिः (instrumental plural)
लघुने (dative singular)
लघवे1 (dative singular)
लघ्वे1 (dative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (dative dual)
लघुभ्यः (dative plural)
लघुनः (ablative singular)
लघोः1 (ablative singular)
लघ्वः1 (ablative singular)
लघुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
लघुभ्यः (ablative plural)
लघुनः (genitive singular)
लघोः1 (genitive singular)
लघ्वः1 (genitive singular)
लघुनोः (dual genitive)
लघूनाम् (genitive plural)
लघुनि (locative singular)
लघौ1 (locative singular)
लघुनोः (dual locative)
लघुषु (locative plural)

Pali: lahu

Prakrit: 𑀮𑀳𑀼 (lahu)

Old Gujarati: लहु (lahu)

→ Hindi: लघु (laghu) (learned)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hlagʰúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hlagʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁léngʰus. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐλαχύς (elakhús), Latin levis, English light.

(prosody) short or light (as a vowel or syllable, as opposed to गुरु (guru))

मध्यम मध्यम#Sanskrit

(grammar) easily pronounced or articulated (said of the pronunciation of व (va), as opposed to मध्यम (madhyama) and गुरु (guru))


स्वर

sa-noun

स्वर • (svára, svará) stem, m (root स्वर्)

svára (romanization)
svará (romanization)
स्वर् (root)
स्वरः (nominative singular)
स्वरौ (dual nominative)
स्वरा1 (dual nominative)
स्वराः (nominative plural)
स्वरासः1 (nominative plural)
स्वर (singular vocative)
स्वरौ (dual vocative)
स्वरा1 (dual vocative)
स्वराः (plural vocative)
स्वरासः1 (plural vocative)
स्वरम् (accusative singular)
स्वरौ (accusative dual)
स्वरा1 (accusative dual)
स्वरान् (accusative plural)
स्वरेण (instrumental singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वरैः (instrumental plural)
स्वरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्वराय (dative singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वरेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वरात् (ablative singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वरस्य (genitive singular)
स्वरयोः (dual genitive)
स्वराणाम् (genitive plural)
स्वरे (locative singular)
स्वरयोः (dual locative)
स्वरेषु (locative plural)

→ Kapampangan: siwala

→ Khmer: សូរ (sou)

desctree

→ Malay: suara
Indonesian: suara
→ Kapampangan: siuala
→ Maguindanao: suala
→ Tausug: swara

→ Old Javanese: swara, sora
Javanese: ꦱ꧀ꦮꦫ (swara)
→ Balinese: ᬲ᭄ᬯᬭ (suara)
> Javanese: ꦱꦺꦴꦫ (sora, “loud”) (inherited)
>? Malay: sorak
> Indonesian: sorak (inherited)

→ Tamil: சுரம் (curam)

→ Telugu: స్వరము (svaramu)

From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound”).

inh

दीर्घ स्वर

ह्रस्व स्वर


धातु

dhā́tu (romanization)
धातुः (nominative singular)
धातू (dual nominative)
धातवः (nominative plural)
धातो (singular vocative)
धातू (dual vocative)
धातवः (plural vocative)
धातुम् (accusative singular)
धातू (accusative dual)
धातून् (accusative plural)
धातुना (instrumental singular)
धात्वा1 (instrumental singular)
धातुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
धातुभिः (instrumental plural)
धातवे (dative singular)
धात्वे1 (dative singular)
धातुभ्याम् (dative dual)
धातुभ्यः (dative plural)
धातोः (ablative singular)
धात्वः1 (ablative singular)
धातुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
धातुभ्यः (ablative plural)
धातोः (genitive singular)
धात्वः1 (genitive singular)
धात्वोः (dual genitive)
धातूनाम् (genitive plural)
धातौ (locative singular)
धात्वोः (dual locative)
धातुषु (locative plural)

Marathi: धातू (dhātū)

Punjabi: dhāt f (“metal”)

Gurmukhi script: ਧਾਤ

Shahmukhi script: دھات

desctree

Pali: dhātu f
→ Burmese: ဓာတ် (dhat)
→ Shan: ထၢတ်ႈ (thāat)
→ Khmer: ធាតុ (thiət)
→ Thai: ธาตุ (tâat)

→ Punjabi: ਧਾਤੂ (dhātū)

→ Old Javanese: dhātu
→ Balinese: ᬥᬵᬢᬸ (datu)

→ Pali: dhātu m (“root of a word”)
→ Thai: ธาตุ (tâat)

→ Telugu: ధాతువు (dhātuvu)

/ˈd̪ʱɑː.t̪u/

Maybe inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁-tu-, in that case cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬜𐬁𐬙𐬎 (vīδātu, “justification, providence”), Lithuanian dė́tų (“putting, placing”, supine) (dated), Old Church Slavonic дѣтъ (dětŭ, “putting, placing”, supine). Can be deconstructed as धा (dhā, “to put, place”) + -तु (-tu) (see दधाति (dádhāti)). The Sanskrit meaning may be explained as having developed from a resultative, ie “*the outcome of putting down”.

cog

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


ह्रस्व

hrasvá (romanization)
ह्रस्वः (nominative singular)
ह्रस्वौ (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वा1 (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वाः (nominative plural)
ह्रस्वासः1 (nominative plural)
ह्रस्व (singular vocative)
ह्रस्वौ (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वा1 (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वाः (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वासः1 (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वम् (accusative singular)
ह्रस्वौ (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वा1 (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वान् (accusative plural)
ह्रस्वेन (instrumental singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ह्रस्वैः (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वाय (dative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
ह्रस्वात् (ablative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ह्रस्वस्य (genitive singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual genitive)
ह्रस्वानाम् (genitive plural)
ह्रस्वे (locative singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual locative)
ह्रस्वेषु (locative plural)
ह्रस्वा (nominative singular)
ह्रस्वे (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वाः (nominative plural)
ह्रस्वे (singular vocative)
ह्रस्वे (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वाः (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वाम् (accusative singular)
ह्रस्वे (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वाः (accusative plural)
ह्रस्वया (instrumental singular)
ह्रस्वा1 (instrumental singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ह्रस्वाभिः (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वायै (dative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ह्रस्वाभ्यः (dative plural)
ह्रस्वायाः (ablative singular)
ह्रस्वायै2 (ablative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ह्रस्वाभ्यः (ablative plural)
ह्रस्वायाः (genitive singular)
ह्रस्वायै2 (genitive singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual genitive)
ह्रस्वानाम् (genitive plural)
ह्रस्वायाम् (locative singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual locative)
ह्रस्वासु (locative plural)
ह्रस्वम् (nominative singular)
ह्रस्वे (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वानि (nominative plural)
ह्रस्वा1 (nominative plural)
ह्रस्व (singular vocative)
ह्रस्वे (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वानि (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वा1 (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वम् (accusative singular)
ह्रस्वे (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वानि (accusative plural)
ह्रस्वा1 (accusative plural)
ह्रस्वेन (instrumental singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ह्रस्वैः (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वाय (dative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
ह्रस्वात् (ablative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ह्रस्वस्य (genitive singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual genitive)
ह्रस्वानाम् (genitive plural)
ह्रस्वे (locative singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual locative)
ह्रस्वेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰraswás, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“short”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬭𐬀𐬵𐬈𐬵𐬍 (zrahehī), Old Irish gerr, English girl.

(phonetics) prosodically or metrically short


ह्रस्व

hrasvá (romanization)
ह्रस्वः (nominative singular)
ह्रस्वौ (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वा1 (dual nominative)
ह्रस्वाः (nominative plural)
ह्रस्वासः1 (nominative plural)
ह्रस्व (singular vocative)
ह्रस्वौ (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वा1 (dual vocative)
ह्रस्वाः (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वासः1 (plural vocative)
ह्रस्वम् (accusative singular)
ह्रस्वौ (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वा1 (accusative dual)
ह्रस्वान् (accusative plural)
ह्रस्वेन (instrumental singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ह्रस्वैः (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ह्रस्वाय (dative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
ह्रस्वात् (ablative singular)
ह्रस्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ह्रस्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ह्रस्वस्य (genitive singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual genitive)
ह्रस्वानाम् (genitive plural)
ह्रस्वे (locative singular)
ह्रस्वयोः (dual locative)
ह्रस्वेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀭𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (rahassa)

→ Hindi: ह्रस्व (hrasva)

→ Bengali: হ্রস্ব (hrośśo)

→ Kannada: ಹ್ರಸ್ವ (hrasva)

→ Marathi: ऱ्हस्व (rhasva)

→ Nepali: ह्रस्व (hraswa)

→ Telugu: హ్రస్వము (hrasvamu)

→ Tamil: ஹ்ரஸ்வம் (hrasvam)


व्यञ्जन

vyáñjana (romanization)
व्यञ्जनः (nominative singular)
व्यञ्जनौ (dual nominative)
व्यञ्जना1 (dual nominative)
व्यञ्जनाः (nominative plural)
व्यञ्जनासः1 (nominative plural)
व्यञ्जन (singular vocative)
व्यञ्जनौ (dual vocative)
व्यञ्जना1 (dual vocative)
व्यञ्जनाः (plural vocative)
व्यञ्जनासः1 (plural vocative)
व्यञ्जनम् (accusative singular)
व्यञ्जनौ (accusative dual)
व्यञ्जना1 (accusative dual)
व्यञ्जनान् (accusative plural)
व्यञ्जनेन (instrumental singular)
व्यञ्जनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
व्यञ्जनैः (instrumental plural)
व्यञ्जनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
व्यञ्जनाय (dative singular)
व्यञ्जनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
व्यञ्जनेभ्यः (dative plural)
व्यञ्जनात् (ablative singular)
व्यञ्जनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
व्यञ्जनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
व्यञ्जनस्य (genitive singular)
व्यञ्जनयोः (dual genitive)
व्यञ्जनानाम् (genitive plural)
व्यञ्जने (locative singular)
व्यञ्जनयोः (dual locative)
व्यञ्जनेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: व्यंजन (vyañjan)

→ Marathi: व्यंजन (vyañjan)

→ Gujarati: વ્યંજન (vyañjan)

→ Kannada: ವ್ಯಂಜನ (vyañjana)

→ Telugu: వ్యంజనము (vyañjanamu)

→ Balinese: ᬯ᭄ᬬᬜ᭄ᬚᬦ (wyanjana)

/ʋjɐ́ɲ.d͡ʑɐ.nɐ/

/ˈʋjɐɲ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/


विग्रह

vigraha (romanization)
विग्रहः (nominative singular)
विग्रहौ (dual nominative)
विग्रहा1 (dual nominative)
विग्रहाः (nominative plural)
विग्रहासः1 (nominative plural)
विग्रह (singular vocative)
विग्रहौ (dual vocative)
विग्रहा1 (dual vocative)
विग्रहाः (plural vocative)
विग्रहासः1 (plural vocative)
विग्रहम् (accusative singular)
विग्रहौ (accusative dual)
विग्रहा1 (accusative dual)
विग्रहान् (accusative plural)
विग्रहेण (instrumental singular)
विग्रहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विग्रहैः (instrumental plural)
विग्रहेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
विग्रहाय (dative singular)
विग्रहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
विग्रहेभ्यः (dative plural)
विग्रहात् (ablative singular)
विग्रहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विग्रहेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विग्रहस्य (genitive singular)
विग्रहयोः (dual genitive)
विग्रहाणाम् (genitive plural)
विग्रहे (locative singular)
विग्रहयोः (dual locative)
विग्रहेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀳 (viggaha)

Assamese: বিঘা (bigha)

desc

→ Assamese: বিগ্ৰহ (bigroh) (semi-learned)

Malayalam: വിഗ്രഹം (vigrahaṁ)

/ˈʋiɡ.ɾɐ.ɦɐ/

(grammar) independence (of a word, as opposed to composition)


कल

kala (romanization)
कलः (nominative singular)
कलौ (dual nominative)
कलाः (nominative plural)
कल (singular vocative)
कलौ (dual vocative)
कलाः (plural vocative)
कलम् (accusative singular)
कलौ (accusative dual)
कलान् (accusative plural)
कलेन (instrumental singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कलैः (instrumental plural)
कलाय (dative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कलात् (ablative singular)
कलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कलस्य (genitive singular)
कलयोः (dual genitive)
कलानाम् (genitive plural)
कले (locative singular)
कलयोः (dual locative)
कलेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of कल

(poetry) time equal to four matras or instants


कर्ण

kárṇa (romanization)
कर्णः (nominative singular)
कर्णौ (dual nominative)
कर्णाः (nominative plural)
कर्ण (singular vocative)
कर्णौ (dual vocative)
कर्णाः (plural vocative)
कर्णम् (accusative singular)
कर्णौ (accusative dual)
कर्णान् (accusative plural)
कर्णेन (instrumental singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्णैः (instrumental plural)
कर्णाय (dative singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्णात् (ablative singular)
कर्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्णस्य (genitive singular)
कर्णयोः (dual genitive)
कर्णानाम् (genitive plural)
कर्णे (locative singular)
कर्णयोः (dual locative)
कर्णेषु (locative plural)

Masculine a-stem declension of कर्ण

Dardic:

Grangali: kō̃

Indus Kohistani: kaṇa, kān

Kalami: kan

Kalasha: kọ̃

Kashmiri: کَن (kan), کَنّ

Phalura: کاݨ (kāṇ)

Shina: کون (kon), کوݨ (koṇí)

Kohistani Shina: کݨ (kuṇ), کءاݨ (kuāṇə)

→ Domaaki: کون (kon)

Shumashti: kō̃ṛ

Tirahi: kana

Torwali: کان (kaṇ)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kanə, kan

Pali: kaṇṇa

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡 (kaṇṇa)
Central:
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
Awadhi: कान (kān)
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Hindustani: kān
Hindi: कान
Urdu: کان (kān)
Romani: kan
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
Avahattha: 𑖎𑖜𑖿𑖜 (kaṇṇa)
Bengali-Assamese:
Assamese: কাণ (kan), কান (kan)
Bengali: কান (kan)
Hajong: কান
Bihari:
Bhojpuri: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Kaithi script: 𑂍𑂰𑂢
Magahi: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Kaithi script: 𑂍𑂰𑂢
Maithili: kān
Devanagari script: कान
Tirhuta script: 𑒏𑒰𑒢
Odia: କାନ (kāna)
Northern:
Khasa Prakrit:
Central Pahari:
Kumaoni: कान (kān)
Eastern Pahari:
Nepali: कान (kān)
Western Pahari:
Bhadrawahi: कन्न (kann)
Chambeali: कन्न (kann)
Northwestern:
Paisaci Prakrit:
Takka Apabhramsa:
Lahnda: کَنّ (kann), کَن (kan)
Punjabi: kann
Gurmukhi script: ਕੰਨ
Shahmukhi script: کَنّ
Vracada Apabhramsa:
Sindhi: kanu
Arabic script: ڪَنُ
Devanagari script: कनु
Kachchi: કન (kan)
Southern:
Helu Prakrit:
⇒ Dhivehi: ކަންފަތް (kan̊fat̊)
Sinhalese: කන (kana), කණ (kaṇa)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Konkani: kānu
Devanagari script: कानु
Latin script: kanu
Kannada script: ಕಾನು
Old Marathi: kāna
Modi script: 𑘎𑘰𑘡
Devanagari script: कान
Marathi: कान (kān)
Western:
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Old Gujarati: कान (kāna)
Gujarati: કાન (kān)
Old Marwari: कान (kān)

→ Bengali: কর্ণ (korno)

→ English: Karna

→ Hindi: कर्ण (karṇ)

→ Old Javanese: karṇa
> Javanese: ꦏꦂꦤ (karna) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬓᬃᬡ (karna)

⇒ Tamil: கன்னம் (kaṉṉam)

⇒ Malayalam: കർണ്ണം (kaṟṇṇaṁ)

desc

⇒ Telugu: కర్ణుడు (karṇuḍu), కర్ణము (karṇamu)

→ Thai: กรรณ (gan)

Of uncertain origin.
Likely related to Persian کر (kar, “deaf”), and perhaps to Old Church Slavonic крънъ (krŭnŭ, “mutilated (esp. of the ears and nose)”); however, Fraenkel's presupposition that "defect of the ear" was the original meaning of the common root and that Sanskrit later developed the more basal meaning of "ear" from the "defect" meaning is suspect.
Pischel takes the original meaning as "point, spike"; under this view, कर्णक (karṇaka, “lateral protrusion; fork”) could be related. However, a convincing etymological path for this has not been found.
Zupitsa connects this with Russian Church Slavonic črĕnъ, from a common root meaning "handle, grip".
Finally, others have connected this word to शृणोति (śṛṇóti, “to listen, hear”).


अकाम

head

अकाम • (akāma)

(grammar) the Sandhi which causes the dropping of a final r before a succeeding r


अकर्मन्

/ɐˈkɐɾ.mɐn̪/


अकार

akāra (romanization)
अकारः (nominative singular)
अकारौ (dual nominative)
अकाराः (nominative plural)
अकार (singular vocative)
अकारौ (dual vocative)
अकाराः (plural vocative)
अकारम् (accusative singular)
अकारौ (accusative dual)
अकारान् (accusative plural)
अकारेन (instrumental singular)
अकाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकारैः (instrumental plural)
अकाराय (dative singular)
अकाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकारेभ्यः (dative plural)
अकारात् (ablative singular)
अकाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकारस्य (genitive singular)
अकारयोः (dual genitive)
अकारानाम् (genitive plural)
अकारे (locative singular)
अकारयोः (dual locative)
अकारेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अकार

→ English: akāra (learned)

→ Pali: akāra (learned)

अ (a, the letter) + कार (kāra, term designating a letter or sound).


अकर्मक

a-karmaka (romanization)
अकर्मकः (nominative singular)
अकर्मकौ (dual nominative)
अकर्मकाः (nominative plural)
अकर्मक (singular vocative)
अकर्मकौ (dual vocative)
अकर्मकाः (plural vocative)
अकर्मकम् (accusative singular)
अकर्मकौ (accusative dual)
अकर्मकान् (accusative plural)
अकर्मकेण (instrumental singular)
अकर्मकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकर्मकैः (instrumental plural)
अकर्मकाय (dative singular)
अकर्मकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकर्मकेभ्यः (dative plural)
अकर्मकात् (ablative singular)
अकर्मकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकर्मकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकर्मकस्य (genitive singular)
अकर्मकयोः (dual genitive)
अकर्मकाणाम् (genitive plural)
अकर्मके (locative singular)
अकर्मकयोः (dual locative)
अकर्मकेषु (locative plural)
अकर्मका (nominative singular)
अकर्मके (dual nominative)
अकर्मकाः (nominative plural)
अकर्मके (singular vocative)
अकर्मके (dual vocative)
अकर्मकाः (plural vocative)
अकर्मकाम् (accusative singular)
अकर्मके (accusative dual)
अकर्मकाः (accusative plural)
अकर्मकया (instrumental singular)
अकर्मकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकर्मकाभिः (instrumental plural)
अकर्मकायै (dative singular)
अकर्मकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकर्मकाभ्यः (dative plural)
अकर्मकायाः (ablative singular)
अकर्मकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकर्मकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकर्मकायाः (genitive singular)
अकर्मकयोः (dual genitive)
अकर्मकाणाम् (genitive plural)
अकर्मकायाम् (locative singular)
अकर्मकयोः (dual locative)
अकर्मकासु (locative plural)
अकर्मकम् (nominative singular)
अकर्मके (dual nominative)
अकर्मकाणि (nominative plural)
अकर्मक (singular vocative)
अकर्मके (dual vocative)
अकर्मकाणि (plural vocative)
अकर्मकम् (accusative singular)
अकर्मके (accusative dual)
अकर्मकाणि (accusative plural)
अकर्मकेण (instrumental singular)
अकर्मकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अकर्मकैः (instrumental plural)
अकर्मकाय (dative singular)
अकर्मकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अकर्मकेभ्यः (dative plural)
अकर्मकात् (ablative singular)
अकर्मकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अकर्मकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अकर्मकस्य (genitive singular)
अकर्मकयोः (dual genitive)
अकर्मकाणाम् (genitive plural)
अकर्मके (locative singular)
अकर्मकयोः (dual locative)
अकर्मकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of अकर्मक

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of अकर्मक

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">अकर्मक</i>

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्

अकर्मकाभ्याम्


अगुरु

Compound of अ- (a-, “un-”) + गुरु (guru, “heavy”).

com+

(prosody) short as a short vowel alone or before a single consonant


नृ

nṛ́ (romanization)
ना (nominative singular)
नरौ (dual nominative)
नरा1 (dual nominative)
नरः (nominative plural)
नारः (nominative plural)
नः (singular vocative)
नरौ (dual vocative)
नरा1 (dual vocative)
नरः (plural vocative)
नारः (plural vocative)
नरम् (accusative singular)
नरौ (accusative dual)
नरा1 (accusative dual)
नॄन् (accusative plural)
नरा (instrumental singular)
नृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नृभिः (instrumental plural)
नृभिः (instrumental plural)
नरे (dative singular)
नृभ्याम् (dative dual)
नृभ्यः (dative plural)
नृभ्यः (dative plural)
नरः (ablative singular)
नृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नृभ्यः (ablative plural)
नृभ्यः (ablative plural)
नरः (genitive singular)
न्रोः (dual genitive)
नराम् (genitive plural)
नरअम् (genitive plural)
नृणाम् (genitive plural)
नॄणाम् (genitive plural)
नरि (locative singular)
न्रोः (dual locative)
नृषु (locative plural)
नृषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun-m

This term displays a wide variety of anomalous/archaic forms including:
Inst.sg. नरा (nárā) for expected *न्रा (*nrā́)
Dat.sg. नरे (náre) for expected *न्रे (*nré).
Abl/gen.sg. नरः (náraḥ) for expected *नुः (*núḥ)
Archaic Vedic gen.pl. नराम् (narā́m), often distracted to naráam
Vedic gen.pl. spelling नृणाम् (nṛṇā́m) often scanned as नॄणाम् (nṝṇā́m)
Oxytonic inst.pl. नृभिः (nṛbhíḥ), dat/abl.pl. नृभ्यः (nṛbhyáḥ), loc.pl. नृषु (nṛṣú)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnā́ (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr (“man”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬭 (nar), Old Armenian այր (ayr), Ancient Greek ἀνήρ (anḗr), Persian نر (nar).


प्रथमपुरुष

prathamá-puruṣa (romanization)
प्रथमपुरुषः (nominative singular)
प्रथमपुरुषौ (dual nominative)
प्रथमपुरुषाः (nominative plural)
प्रथमपुरुष (singular vocative)
प्रथमपुरुषौ (dual vocative)
प्रथमपुरुषाः (plural vocative)
प्रथमपुरुषम् (accusative singular)
प्रथमपुरुषौ (accusative dual)
प्रथमपुरुषान् (accusative plural)
प्रथमपुरुषेण (instrumental singular)
प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रथमपुरुषैः (instrumental plural)
प्रथमपुरुषाय (dative singular)
प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रथमपुरुषात् (ablative singular)
प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रथमपुरुषस्य (genitive singular)
प्रथमपुरुषयोः (dual genitive)
प्रथमपुरुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
प्रथमपुरुषे (locative singular)
प्रथमपुरुषयोः (dual locative)
प्रथमपुरुषेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of प्रथमपुरुष

प्रथमपुरुषाः

प्रथमपुरुषाः

प्रथमपुरुषम्

प्रथमपुरुषान्

प्रथमपुरुषेण

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषैः

प्रथमपुरुषाय

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः

प्रथमपुरुषात्

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः

प्रथमपुरुषस्य

प्रथमपुरुषयोः

प्रथमपुरुषाणाम्

प्रथमपुरुषयोः

प्रथमपुरुषेषु

sa-decl-noun/cell

प्रथमपुरुषस्य

प्रथमपुरुषाः

प्रथमपुरुषाः

प्रथमपुरुषम्

प्रथमपुरुषान्

प्रथमपुरुषेण

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषैः

प्रथमपुरुषाय

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः

प्रथमपुरुषात्

प्रथमपुरुषाभ्याम्

प्रथमपुरुषेभ्यः

प्रथमपुरुषस्य

प्रथमपुरुषयोः

प्रथमपुरुषाणाम्

प्रथमपुरुषयोः

प्रथमपुरुषेषु

(grammar) third person, but literally the "first person" in Sanskrit grammar tradition


मध्यमपुरुष

madhyamá-puruṣa (romanization)
मध्यमपुरुषः (nominative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषौ (dual nominative)
मध्यमपुरुषाः (nominative plural)
मध्यमपुरुष (singular vocative)
मध्यमपुरुषौ (dual vocative)
मध्यमपुरुषाः (plural vocative)
मध्यमपुरुषम् (accusative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषौ (accusative dual)
मध्यमपुरुषान् (accusative plural)
मध्यमपुरुषेन (instrumental singular)
मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मध्यमपुरुषैः (instrumental plural)
मध्यमपुरुषाय (dative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
मध्यमपुरुषात् (ablative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मध्यमपुरुषस्य (genitive singular)
मध्यमपुरुषयोः (dual genitive)
मध्यमपुरुषानाम् (genitive plural)
मध्यमपुरुषे (locative singular)
मध्यमपुरुषयोः (dual locative)
मध्यमपुरुषेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मध्यमपुरुष

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषम्

मध्यमपुरुषान्

मध्यमपुरुषेन

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषैः

मध्यमपुरुषाय

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषात्

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषस्य

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषानाम्

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषेषु

sa-decl-noun/cell

मध्यमपुरुषस्य

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषाः

मध्यमपुरुषम्

मध्यमपुरुषान्

मध्यमपुरुषेन

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषैः

मध्यमपुरुषाय

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषात्

मध्यमपुरुषाभ्याम्

मध्यमपुरुषेभ्यः

मध्यमपुरुषस्य

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषानाम्

मध्यमपुरुषयोः

मध्यमपुरुषेषु

desc

→ Pali: majjhimapurisa (“second person”)

(grammar) the second person in verbal conjugation, a termination of the second person


उत्तमपुरुष

ut-tamá-puruṣa (romanization)
उत्तमपुरुषः (nominative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषौ (dual nominative)
उत्तमपुरुषाः (nominative plural)
उत्तमपुरुष (singular vocative)
उत्तमपुरुषौ (dual vocative)
उत्तमपुरुषाः (plural vocative)
उत्तमपुरुषम् (accusative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषौ (accusative dual)
उत्तमपुरुषान् (accusative plural)
उत्तमपुरुषेण (instrumental singular)
उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उत्तमपुरुषैः (instrumental plural)
उत्तमपुरुषाय (dative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः (dative plural)
उत्तमपुरुषात् (ablative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उत्तमपुरुषस्य (genitive singular)
उत्तमपुरुषयोः (dual genitive)
उत्तमपुरुषाणाम् (genitive plural)
उत्तमपुरुषे (locative singular)
उत्तमपुरुषयोः (dual locative)
उत्तमपुरुषेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of उत्तमपुरुष

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषम्

उत्तमपुरुषान्

उत्तमपुरुषेण

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषैः

उत्तमपुरुषाय

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषात्

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषस्य

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषाणाम्

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषेषु

sa-decl-noun/cell

उत्तमपुरुषस्य

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषाः

उत्तमपुरुषम्

उत्तमपुरुषान्

उत्तमपुरुषेण

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषैः

उत्तमपुरुषाय

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषात्

उत्तमपुरुषाभ्याम्

उत्तमपुरुषेभ्यः

उत्तमपुरुषस्य

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषाणाम्

उत्तमपुरुषयोः

उत्तमपुरुषेषु

(grammar) first person, literally "the last person" in Sanskrit grammar tradition


वृद्धि

vṛ́ddhi (romanization)
वृद्धिः (nominative singular)
वृद्धी (dual nominative)
वृद्धयः (nominative plural)
वृद्धे (singular vocative)
वृद्धी (dual vocative)
वृद्धयः (plural vocative)
वृद्धिम् (accusative singular)
वृद्धी (accusative dual)
वृद्धीः (accusative plural)
वृद्ध्या (instrumental singular)
वृद्धी1 (instrumental singular)
वृद्धिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृद्धिभिः (instrumental plural)
वृद्धये (dative singular)
वृद्ध्यै2 (dative singular)
वृद्धी1 (dative singular)
वृद्धिभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृद्धिभ्यः (dative plural)
वृद्धेः (ablative singular)
वृद्ध्याः2 (ablative singular)
वृद्ध्यै3 (ablative singular)
वृद्धिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृद्धिभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृद्धेः (genitive singular)
वृद्ध्याः2 (genitive singular)
वृद्ध्यै3 (genitive singular)
वृद्ध्योः (dual genitive)
वृद्धीनाम् (genitive plural)
वृद्धौ (locative singular)
वृद्ध्याम्2 (locative singular)
वृद्धा1 (locative singular)
वृद्ध्योः (dual locative)
वृद्धिषु (locative plural)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀠𑀺 (vaḍhi /vaḍḍhi/)
Prakrit: 𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (vaḍḍhi)
Central:
Hindi: बाढ़ (bāṛh, “increase; flood”)
Urdu: باڑھ (bāṛh, “increase; flood”)
Eastern
Bengali: বাড় (baṛ, “growth”)
Northern:
Kumaoni: बाढ़ (bāṛh, “increase”)
Southern:
Konkani-Marathi:
Konkani: वाड (vāḍ, “increase”)
Marathi: वाढ (vāḍh, “increase”)
Sinhalese: වැඩ (wæḍa, “increase, profit”)
→ Kannada: ಬಡ್ಡಿ (baḍḍi, “interest”)
→ Malayalam: വട്ടി (vaṭṭi, “interest”)
→ Tamil: வட்டி (vaṭṭi, “interest”)
→ Telugu: వడ్డి (vaḍḍi, “interest”)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀠𑀺 (vuḍhi /vuḍḍhi/)
Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (vuḍḍhi), 𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (uḍḍhi)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀥𑀺 (vadhi /vaddhi/)
Prakrit: *vaddhi ~ *vaddhiyā
Northwestern:
Sindhi: واڌِ (vadhi, “abundance”)
Western:
Gujarati: વધ (vadh, “increase”)

Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨬𐨢𐨿𐨪𐨁 (vadhri)

Ashokan Prakrit: *viddhi

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (viddhi)

Ashokan Prakrit: *vuddhi

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (vuddhi)
Sindhi: اُڌيِ کُٽيِ (udhī-khuṭī, “profit-loss”) (< *vuddhiyā)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: वड् (waḍ, “profit”)

Pali: vaḍḍhi, vuḍḍhi, vuddhi

desc

→ English: vṛddhi, vrddhi, vr̥ddhi, vriddhi

→ Hindi: वृद्धि (vŕddhi)

→ Kannada: ವೃದ್ಧಿ (vṛddhi)

→ Old Javanese: wṛddhi, wrĕde

→ Tamil: விருத்தி (virutti)

→ Telugu: వృద్ధి (vr̥ddhi)

[ˈʋr̩d̪̚.d̪ʱi]

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥dᶻdʰiš (“growth, increase”), from Proto-Indo-European *wérdʰ-ti-s ~ *wr̥dʰ-téy-s. Synchronically, from the root वृध् (vṛdh, “to grow”) + -ति (-ti). See वृद्ध (vṛddha) and वर्धति (vardhati) for cognates.


बहुव्रीहि

bahuvrīhí (romanization)
बहुव्रीहिः (nominative singular)
बहुव्रीही (dual nominative)
बहुव्रीहयः (nominative plural)
बहुव्रीहे (singular vocative)
बहुव्रीही (dual vocative)
बहुव्रीहयः (plural vocative)
बहुव्रीहिम् (accusative singular)
बहुव्रीही (accusative dual)
बहुव्रीहीन् (accusative plural)
बहुव्रीहिणा (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीह्या1 (instrumental singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बहुव्रीहिभिः (instrumental plural)
बहुव्रीहये (dative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (dative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (dative plural)
बहुव्रीहेः (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीह्यः1 (ablative singular)
बहुव्रीहिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बहुव्रीहिभ्यः (ablative plural)
बहुव्रीहेः (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीह्यः1 (genitive singular)
बहुव्रीह्योः (dual genitive)
बहुव्रीहीणाम् (genitive plural)
बहुव्रीहौ (locative singular)
बहुव्रीहा1 (locative singular)
बहुव्रीह्योः (dual locative)
बहुव्रीहिषु (locative plural)

Bahuvrīhi compound of बहु (bahú, “much”) + व्रीहि (vrīhí, “rice”).


मुद्रा

mudrā́ (romanization)
मुद्रा (nominative singular)
मुद्रे (dual nominative)
मुद्राः (nominative plural)
मुद्रे (singular vocative)
मुद्रे (dual vocative)
मुद्राः (plural vocative)
मुद्राम् (accusative singular)
मुद्रे (accusative dual)
मुद्राः (accusative plural)
मुद्रया (instrumental singular)
मुद्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मुद्राभिः (instrumental plural)
मुद्रायै (dative singular)
मुद्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मुद्राभ्यः (dative plural)
मुद्रायाः (ablative singular)
मुद्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मुद्राभ्यः (ablative plural)
मुद्रायाः (genitive singular)
मुद्रयोः (dual genitive)
मुद्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मुद्रायाम् (locative singular)
मुद्रयोः (dual locative)
मुद्रासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of मुद्रा

मुद्राभ्याम्

मुद्राभ्याम्

मुद्राभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मुद्राभ्याम्

मुद्राभ्याम्

मुद्राभ्याम्

Assamese: মুদ্ৰা (mudra)

Bengali: মুদ্রা (mudra)

Hindi: मुद्रा (mudrā)

Konkani: मुद्रा (mudrā)

Marathi: मुद्रा (mudrā)

Nepali: मुद्रा (mudrā)

Odia: ମୁଦ୍ରା (mudrā)

Pali: muddā

Punjabi: ਮੁੱਦਰਾ (muddarā)

Tamil: முத்திரை (muttirai)

Telugu: ముద్ర (mudra)

Burmese: မုဒြာ (mu.dra)

Possibly an Iranian borrowing, from Proto-Iranian *mudrā, possibly ultimately from Akkadian 𒈬𒊬 (mušarû, “object bearing a royal inscription”), from Sumerian 𒈬𒊬 (mu-sar /musar/), from 𒈬 (mu, “name, fame”) + 𒊬 (sar, “to write”).
Or, if from मुद्र (mudrá, “joyous, glad”), then related to माद्यति (mādyati, “to rejoice, revel, be drunk, intoxicated”).

der

(rhetoric) the natural expression of things by words, calling things by their right names


पाद

pā́da (romanization)
पादः (nominative singular)
पादौ (dual nominative)
पादा1 (dual nominative)
पादाः (nominative plural)
पादासः1 (nominative plural)
पाद (singular vocative)
पादौ (dual vocative)
पादा1 (dual vocative)
पादाः (plural vocative)
पादासः1 (plural vocative)
पादम् (accusative singular)
पादौ (accusative dual)
पादा1 (accusative dual)
पादान् (accusative plural)
पादेन (instrumental singular)
पादाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पादैः (instrumental plural)
पादेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पादाय (dative singular)
पादाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पादेभ्यः (dative plural)
पादात् (ablative singular)
पादाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पादेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पादस्य (genitive singular)
पादयोः (dual genitive)
पादानाम् (genitive plural)
पादे (locative singular)
पादयोः (dual locative)
पादेषु (locative plural)

→ Old Javanese: pāda

Formed from पादम् (pādam), the accusative singular of पद् (pád, “foot”).

a verse or line (as the fourth part of a regular stanza)

the caesura of a verse agni-purāṇa, the chapter of a book


प्रथम

prathamá (romanization)
प्रथमः (nominative singular)
प्रथमौ (dual nominative)
प्रथमा1 (dual nominative)
प्रथमाः (nominative plural)
प्रथमासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रथम (singular vocative)
प्रथमौ (dual vocative)
प्रथमा1 (dual vocative)
प्रथमाः (plural vocative)
प्रथमासः1 (plural vocative)
प्रथमम् (accusative singular)
प्रथमौ (accusative dual)
प्रथमा1 (accusative dual)
प्रथमान् (accusative plural)
प्रथमेन (instrumental singular)
प्रथमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रथमैः (instrumental plural)
प्रथमेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रथमाय (dative singular)
प्रथमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रथमेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रथमात् (ablative singular)
प्रथमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रथमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रथमस्य (genitive singular)
प्रथमयोः (dual genitive)
प्रथमानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रथमे (locative singular)
प्रथमयोः (dual locative)
प्रथमेषु (locative plural)

/ˈpɾɐ.t̪ʰɐ.mɐ/

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pratʰamás (“first, foremost”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-tm̥mós (“foremost”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (fratəma), Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎫𐎶𐎠 (f-r-t-m-a /fratama/), Old Armenian փարթամ (pʻartʻam).

inh+

(grammar) (namely वर्ण (varṇa)) the first consonant of a वर्ग (varga), a surd unaspirate letter

पुरुष पुरुष#Sanskrit

(grammar) (namely पुरुष (puruṣa)) the first (in Western grammar terminology, the 3rd) person or its terminations


तनु

tanu (romanization)
तनुः (nominative singular)
तनू (dual nominative)
तनवः (nominative plural)
तनो (singular vocative)
तनू (dual vocative)
तनवः (plural vocative)
तनुम् (accusative singular)
तनू (accusative dual)
तनूः (accusative plural)
तन्वा (instrumental singular)
तनुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तनुभिः (instrumental plural)
तनवे (dative singular)
तन्वै1 (dative singular)
तनुभ्याम् (dative dual)
तनुभ्यः (dative plural)
तनोः (ablative singular)
तन्वाः1 (ablative singular)
तन्वै2 (ablative singular)
तनुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तनुभ्यः (ablative plural)
तनोः (genitive singular)
तन्वाः1 (genitive singular)
तन्वै2 (genitive singular)
तन्वोः (dual genitive)
तनूनाम् (genitive plural)
तनौ (locative singular)
तन्वाम्1 (locative singular)
तन्वोः (dual locative)
तनुषु (locative plural)
तनुः (nominative singular)
तनू (dual nominative)
तनवः (nominative plural)
तनो (singular vocative)
तनू (dual vocative)
तनवः (plural vocative)
तनुम् (accusative singular)
तनू (accusative dual)
तनून् (accusative plural)
तनुना (instrumental singular)
तन्वा1 (instrumental singular)
तनुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तनुभिः (instrumental plural)
तनवे (dative singular)
तन्वे1 (dative singular)
तनुभ्याम् (dative dual)
तनुभ्यः (dative plural)
तनोः (ablative singular)
तन्वः1 (ablative singular)
तनुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तनुभ्यः (ablative plural)
तनोः (genitive singular)
तन्वः1 (genitive singular)
तन्वोः (dual genitive)
तनूनाम् (genitive plural)
तनौ (locative singular)
तन्वोः (dual locative)
तनुषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: تۆنُ (tonu)

Pali: tanu

Prakrit: 𑀢𑀡𑀼 (taṇu), 𑀢𑀡𑀼𑀅 (taṇua)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: তনূ (tonu)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: तणुवाँ (taṇuwā̃)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ތުނި (tuni)

Sinhalese: තුනු (tunu)

→ Hindustani: tanu, tan

Hindi: तनु, तन

Urdu: تَنُ (tanu), تَن (tan)

→ Kannada: ತನು (tanu)

→ Marathi: तनु (tanu) (learned)

→ Odia: ତନୁ (tanu) (learned), Odia: ତନୁଃ (tanuḥ)

→ Tamil: தனு (taṉu)

→ Telugu: తనువు (tanuvu)

Variant of तनू (tanū́), from Proto-Indo-European *tenuh₂- (“body”).


निघण्टु

nighaṇṭu (romanization)
निघण्टुः (nominative singular)
निघण्टू (dual nominative)
निघण्टवः (nominative plural)
निघण्टो (singular vocative)
निघण्टू (dual vocative)
निघण्टवः (plural vocative)
निघण्टुम् (accusative singular)
निघण्टू (accusative dual)
निघण्टून् (accusative plural)
निघण्टुना (instrumental singular)
निघण्टुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
निघण्टुभिः (instrumental plural)
निघण्टवे (dative singular)
निघण्टुभ्याम् (dative dual)
निघण्टुभ्यः (dative plural)
निघण्टोः (ablative singular)
निघण्टुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
निघण्टुभ्यः (ablative plural)
निघण्टोः (genitive singular)
निघण्ट्वोः (dual genitive)
निघण्टूनाम् (genitive plural)
निघण्टौ (locative singular)
निघण्ट्वोः (dual locative)
निघण्टुषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine u-stem declension of निघण्टु

निघण्टुभ्याम्

निघण्टुभ्याम्

निघण्टुभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

निघण्टुभ्याम्

निघण्टुभ्याम्

निघण्टुभ्याम्

→ English: Nighantu, nighantu

→ Hindi: निघंटु (nighaṇṭu)

→ Kannada: ನಿಘಂಟು (nighaṇṭu)

→ Malayalam: നിഘണ്ടു (nighaṇṭu)

→ Tamil: நிகண்டு (nikaṇṭu)

→ Telugu: నిఘంటువు (nighaṇṭuvu)

/n̪iˈɡʱɐɳ.ʈu/

यास्क यास्क#Sanskrit

निरुक्त निरुक्त#Sanskrit

name of the Vedic glossary explained by यास्क (Yāska) in his निरुक्त (nirukta)


सकर्मक

sa-karmaka (romanization)
सकर्मकः (nominative singular)
सकर्मकौ (dual nominative)
सकर्मकाः (nominative plural)
सकर्मक (singular vocative)
सकर्मकौ (dual vocative)
सकर्मकाः (plural vocative)
सकर्मकम् (accusative singular)
सकर्मकौ (accusative dual)
सकर्मकान् (accusative plural)
सकर्मकेण (instrumental singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सकर्मकैः (instrumental plural)
सकर्मकाय (dative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सकर्मकेभ्यः (dative plural)
सकर्मकात् (ablative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सकर्मकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सकर्मकस्य (genitive singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual genitive)
सकर्मकाणाम् (genitive plural)
सकर्मके (locative singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual locative)
सकर्मकेषु (locative plural)
सकर्मका (nominative singular)
सकर्मके (dual nominative)
सकर्मकाः (nominative plural)
सकर्मके (singular vocative)
सकर्मके (dual vocative)
सकर्मकाः (plural vocative)
सकर्मकाम् (accusative singular)
सकर्मके (accusative dual)
सकर्मकाः (accusative plural)
सकर्मकया (instrumental singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सकर्मकाभिः (instrumental plural)
सकर्मकायै (dative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सकर्मकाभ्यः (dative plural)
सकर्मकायाः (ablative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सकर्मकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
सकर्मकायाः (genitive singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual genitive)
सकर्मकाणाम् (genitive plural)
सकर्मकायाम् (locative singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual locative)
सकर्मकासु (locative plural)
सकर्मकम् (nominative singular)
सकर्मके (dual nominative)
सकर्मकाणि (nominative plural)
सकर्मक (singular vocative)
सकर्मके (dual vocative)
सकर्मकाणि (plural vocative)
सकर्मकम् (accusative singular)
सकर्मके (accusative dual)
सकर्मकाणि (accusative plural)
सकर्मकेण (instrumental singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सकर्मकैः (instrumental plural)
सकर्मकाय (dative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सकर्मकेभ्यः (dative plural)
सकर्मकात् (ablative singular)
सकर्मकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सकर्मकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सकर्मकस्य (genitive singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual genitive)
सकर्मकाणाम् (genitive plural)
सकर्मके (locative singular)
सकर्मकयोः (dual locative)
सकर्मकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of सकर्मक

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of सकर्मक

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">सकर्मक</i>

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

सकर्मकाभ्याम्

(grammar) ("having an object") transitive