कमल

kamalá (romanization)
कमलः (nominative singular)
कमलौ (dual nominative)
कमला1 (dual nominative)
कमलाः (nominative plural)
कमलासः1 (nominative plural)
कमल (singular vocative)
कमलौ (dual vocative)
कमला1 (dual vocative)
कमलाः (plural vocative)
कमलासः1 (plural vocative)
कमलम् (accusative singular)
कमलौ (accusative dual)
कमला1 (accusative dual)
कमलान् (accusative plural)
कमलेन (instrumental singular)
कमलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कमलैः (instrumental plural)
कमलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कमलाय (dative singular)
कमलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कमलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कमलात् (ablative singular)
कमलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कमलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कमलस्य (genitive singular)
कमलयोः (dual genitive)
कमलानाम् (genitive plural)
कमले (locative singular)
कमलयोः (dual locative)
कमलेषु (locative plural)
कमला (nominative singular)
कमले (dual nominative)
कमलाः (nominative plural)
कमले (singular vocative)
कमले (dual vocative)
कमलाः (plural vocative)
कमलाम् (accusative singular)
कमले (accusative dual)
कमलाः (accusative plural)
कमलया (instrumental singular)
कमला1 (instrumental singular)
कमलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कमलाभिः (instrumental plural)
कमलायै (dative singular)
कमलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कमलाभ्यः (dative plural)
कमलायाः (ablative singular)
कमलायै2 (ablative singular)
कमलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कमलाभ्यः (ablative plural)
कमलायाः (genitive singular)
कमलायै2 (genitive singular)
कमलयोः (dual genitive)
कमलानाम् (genitive plural)
कमलायाम् (locative singular)
कमलयोः (dual locative)
कमलासु (locative plural)
कमलम् (nominative singular)
कमले (dual nominative)
कमलानि (nominative plural)
कमला1 (nominative plural)
कमल (singular vocative)
कमले (dual vocative)
कमलानि (plural vocative)
कमला1 (plural vocative)
कमलम् (accusative singular)
कमले (accusative dual)
कमलानि (accusative plural)
कमला1 (accusative plural)
कमलेन (instrumental singular)
कमलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कमलैः (instrumental plural)
कमलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कमलाय (dative singular)
कमलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कमलेभ्यः (dative plural)
कमलात् (ablative singular)
कमलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कमलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कमलस्य (genitive singular)
कमलयोः (dual genitive)
कमलानाम् (genitive plural)
कमले (locative singular)
कमलयोः (dual locative)
कमलेषु (locative plural)

Uncertain. Maybe derived from the noun sense “lotus”, but Mayrhofer considers this to be unlikely.


वन

vána (romanization)
वनम् (nominative singular)
वने (dual nominative)
वनानि (nominative plural)
वना1 (nominative plural)
वन (singular vocative)
वने (dual vocative)
वनानि (plural vocative)
वना1 (plural vocative)
वनम् (accusative singular)
वने (accusative dual)
वनानि (accusative plural)
वना1 (accusative plural)
वनेन (instrumental singular)
वनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वनैः (instrumental plural)
वनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वनाय (dative singular)
वनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वनेभ्यः (dative plural)
वनात् (ablative singular)
वनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वनस्य (genitive singular)
वनयोः (dual genitive)
वनानाम् (genitive plural)
वने (locative singular)
वनयोः (dual locative)
वनेषु (locative plural)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਵਣ (vaṇa)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀡 (vaṇa)

Hindi: बन (ban)

Bengali: বন (bon)

→ Malayalam: വനം (vanaṁ)

→ Tamil: வனம் (vaṉam)

→ Kannada: ವನ (vana)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: wana
> Javanese: ꦮꦤ (wana) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: wana
→ Balinese: ᬯᬦ (wana)

→ Sundanese: ᮝᮔ (wana)

Sindhi: वणु sg (vaṇu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wán- (“tree, wood”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬥𐬁 (vanā, “tree”), Pashto ونه (wëna, “tree”), Sogdian wn (“tree”), Middle Persian [script needed] (wan /wn'/, “tree”).


वस्तु

vastu (romanization)
वस्तु (nominative singular)
वस्तुनी (dual nominative)
वस्तूनि (nominative plural)
वस्तु1 (nominative plural)
वस्तू1 (nominative plural)
वस्तु (singular vocative)
वस्तो (singular vocative)
वस्तुनी (dual vocative)
वस्तूनि (plural vocative)
वस्तु1 (plural vocative)
वस्तू1 (plural vocative)
वस्तु (accusative singular)
वस्तुनी (accusative dual)
वस्तूनि (accusative plural)
वस्तु1 (accusative plural)
वस्तू1 (accusative plural)
वस्तुना (instrumental singular)
वस्त्वा1 (instrumental singular)
वस्तुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वस्तुभिः (instrumental plural)
वस्तुने (dative singular)
वस्तवे1 (dative singular)
वस्तुभ्याम् (dative dual)
वस्तुभ्यः (dative plural)
वस्तुनः (ablative singular)
वस्तोः1 (ablative singular)
वस्तुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वस्तुभ्यः (ablative plural)
वस्तुनः (genitive singular)
वस्तोः1 (genitive singular)
वस्तुनोः (dual genitive)
वस्तूनाम् (genitive plural)
वस्तुनि (locative singular)
वस्तौ1 (locative singular)
वस्तुनोः (dual locative)
वस्तुषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: वत्थु (vatthu)

→ Assamese: বস্তু (bostu)

→ Balinese: ᬯᬲ᭄ᬢᬸ (wastu)

→ Bengali: বস্তু (bostu)

→ Gujarati: વસ્તુ (vastu)

→ Hindi: वस्तु (vastu), बस्त (bast)

→ Kannada: ವಸ್ತು (vastu)

→ Marathi: वस्तू (vastū)

→ Nepali: बस्तु (bastu), वस्तु (vastu)

→ Old Gujarati: वस्तु (vastu)

desctree

Pali: vatthu
→ Burmese: ဝတ္ထု (wathtu.)
→ Khmer: វត្ថុ (vŏətthoʼ)
→ Lao: ວັດຖຸ (wat thu)
→ Thai: วัตถุ (wát-tù)

Punjabi: ਵੱਥ (vattha), → ਵਸਤੁ (vastu)

→ Tagalog: wasto

→ Tamil: வஸ்து (vastu)

→ Telugu: వస్తువు (vastuvu)

→ Thai: วัสดุ (wát-sà-dù)

→ Urdu: وستو (vastū)

From the root वस् (vas, “to dwell”); related to वास्तु (vā́stu).


भारत

bhā́rata (romanization)
भारतः (nominative singular)
भारतौ (dual nominative)
भारता1 (dual nominative)
भारताः (nominative plural)
भारतासः1 (nominative plural)
भारत (singular vocative)
भारतौ (dual vocative)
भारता1 (dual vocative)
भारताः (plural vocative)
भारतासः1 (plural vocative)
भारतम् (accusative singular)
भारतौ (accusative dual)
भारता1 (accusative dual)
भारतान् (accusative plural)
भारतेन (instrumental singular)
भारताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भारतैः (instrumental plural)
भारतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भारताय (dative singular)
भारताभ्याम् (dative dual)
भारतेभ्यः (dative plural)
भारतात् (ablative singular)
भारताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भारतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भारतस्य (genitive singular)
भारतयोः (dual genitive)
भारतानाम् (genitive plural)
भारते (locative singular)
भारतयोः (dual locative)
भारतेषु (locative plural)

/bʱɑ́ː.ɾɐ.tɐ/

/ˈbʱɑː.ɾɐ.t̪ɐ/

Vṛddhi derivative of भरत (bharata, “bearer, actor”).


कृष्ण

head

कृष्ण • (kṛṣṇa) m

kṛṣṇa (romanization)
कृष्णः (nominative singular)
कृष्णौ (dual nominative)
कृष्णा1 (dual nominative)
कृष्णाः (nominative plural)
कृष्णासः1 (nominative plural)
कृष्ण (singular vocative)
कृष्णौ (dual vocative)
कृष्णा1 (dual vocative)
कृष्णाः (plural vocative)
कृष्णासः1 (plural vocative)
कृष्णम् (accusative singular)
कृष्णौ (accusative dual)
कृष्णा1 (accusative dual)
कृष्णान् (accusative plural)
कृष्णेन (instrumental singular)
कृष्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृष्णैः (instrumental plural)
कृष्णेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृष्णाय (dative singular)
कृष्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृष्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
कृष्णात् (ablative singular)
कृष्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृष्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृष्णस्य (genitive singular)
कृष्णयोः (dual genitive)
कृष्णानाम् (genitive plural)
कृष्णे (locative singular)
कृष्णयोः (dual locative)
कृष्णेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀳 (kaṇha), 𑀓𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀳 (kiṇha)

Assamese: কানু (kanu), কানাই (kanai)

Awadhi: कंधैया (kandhaiyā)

Bengali: কান (kano), কানাই (kanai)

Bhojpuri: 𑂍𑂰𑂢𑂹𑂯𑂰 (kānhā)

Gujarati: કાનો (kāno)

Hindi: कान्ह (kānha), कान्हा (kānhā)

⇒ Hindi: कन्हैया (kanhaiyā)

Maithili: 𑒏𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒯 (kānha)

Marathi: कान्हू (kānhū)

Odia: କାନ୍ହ (kānha)

Punjabi: ਕਾਨ੍ਹ੍ (kānh)

Sindhi: 𑊺𑋠𑋑𑋧 (kāno)

Sylheti: ꠇꠣꠘꠣꠁ (xanai)

→ Bengali: কেষ্ট (keśṭo) (semi-learned)

→ Bengali: কৃষ্ণ (kriśno) (learned)

→ English: Krishna

→ Gujarati: કૃષ્ણ (kŕṣṇ)

desc

→ Hindi: किषन (kiṣan), किशन (kiśan) (semi-learned)

→ Hindi: कृष्ण (kŕṣṇa), कृष्णा (kŕṣṇā) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಕೃಷ್ಣ (kṛṣṇa)

→ Odia: କୃଷ୍ଣ (krushṇa)

→ Malayalam: കൃഷ്ണ (kr̥ṣṇa)

→ Tamil: கிருஷ்ணா (kiruṣṇā), கண்ணன் (kaṇṇaṉ) (via Prakrit)

→ Telugu: కృష్ణ (kr̥ṣṇa), కృష్ణుడు (kr̥ṣṇuḍu)

→ Sinhalese: කෘෂ්ණ (kr̥ṣṇa)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥šnás (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *kr̥snós (“black”).
Cognate with Proto-Slavic *čьrnъ (whence Old Church Slavonic чрънъ (črŭnŭ, “black”) (Glagolitic spelling ⱍⱃⱏⱀⱏ (črŭnŭ)), Russian чёрный (čórnyj), Bulgarian черен (čeren), Macedonian црн (crn), Czech černý, Polish czarny, Slovak čierny), Old Prussian kirsnan (“black”), Lithuanian kir̃snas.

cog

Krishna, name of a celebrated Avatar of the god Vishnu


कृष्ण

sa-noun

कृष्ण • (kṛ́ṣṇa or kṛṣṇá) stem, m

kṛ́ṣṇa (romanization)
kṛṣṇá (romanization)
कृष्णः (nominative singular)
कृष्णौ (dual nominative)
कृष्णा1 (dual nominative)
कृष्णाः (nominative plural)
कृष्णासः1 (nominative plural)
कृष्ण (singular vocative)
कृष्णौ (dual vocative)
कृष्णा1 (dual vocative)
कृष्णाः (plural vocative)
कृष्णासः1 (plural vocative)
कृष्णम् (accusative singular)
कृष्णौ (accusative dual)
कृष्णा1 (accusative dual)
कृष्णान् (accusative plural)
कृष्णेन (instrumental singular)
कृष्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृष्णैः (instrumental plural)
कृष्णेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृष्णाय (dative singular)
कृष्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृष्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
कृष्णात् (ablative singular)
कृष्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृष्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृष्णस्य (genitive singular)
कृष्णयोः (dual genitive)
कृष्णानाम् (genitive plural)
कृष्णे (locative singular)
कृष्णयोः (dual locative)
कृष्णेषु (locative plural)
कृष्णः (nominative singular)
कृष्णौ (dual nominative)
कृष्णा1 (dual nominative)
कृष्णाः (nominative plural)
कृष्णासः1 (nominative plural)
कृष्ण (singular vocative)
कृष्णौ (dual vocative)
कृष्णा1 (dual vocative)
कृष्णाः (plural vocative)
कृष्णासः1 (plural vocative)
कृष्णम् (accusative singular)
कृष्णौ (accusative dual)
कृष्णा1 (accusative dual)
कृष्णान् (accusative plural)
कृष्णेन (instrumental singular)
कृष्णाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृष्णैः (instrumental plural)
कृष्णेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कृष्णाय (dative singular)
कृष्णाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृष्णेभ्यः (dative plural)
कृष्णात् (ablative singular)
कृष्णाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृष्णेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृष्णस्य (genitive singular)
कृष्णयोः (dual genitive)
कृष्णानाम् (genitive plural)
कृष्णे (locative singular)
कृष्णयोः (dual locative)
कृष्णेषु (locative plural)

waning period of the lunar phase from full moon to new moon


श्वेत

head

श्वेत • (śvetá)

śvetá (romanization)
श्वेतः (nominative singular)
श्वेतौ (dual nominative)
श्वेता1 (dual nominative)
श्वेताः (nominative plural)
श्वेतासः1 (nominative plural)
श्वेत (singular vocative)
श्वेतौ (dual vocative)
श्वेता1 (dual vocative)
श्वेताः (plural vocative)
श्वेतासः1 (plural vocative)
श्वेतम् (accusative singular)
श्वेतौ (accusative dual)
श्वेता1 (accusative dual)
श्वेतान् (accusative plural)
श्वेतेन (instrumental singular)
श्वेताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वेतैः (instrumental plural)
श्वेतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्वेताय (dative singular)
श्वेताभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वेतेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्वेतात् (ablative singular)
श्वेताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वेतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्वेतस्य (genitive singular)
श्वेतयोः (dual genitive)
श्वेतानाम् (genitive plural)
श्वेते (locative singular)
श्वेतयोः (dual locative)
श्वेतेषु (locative plural)
श्वेता (nominative singular)
श्वेते (dual nominative)
श्वेताः (nominative plural)
श्वेते (singular vocative)
श्वेते (dual vocative)
श्वेताः (plural vocative)
श्वेताम् (accusative singular)
श्वेते (accusative dual)
श्वेताः (accusative plural)
श्वेतया (instrumental singular)
श्वेता1 (instrumental singular)
श्वेताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वेताभिः (instrumental plural)
श्वेतायै (dative singular)
श्वेताभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वेताभ्यः (dative plural)
श्वेतायाः (ablative singular)
श्वेतायै2 (ablative singular)
श्वेताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वेताभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्वेतायाः (genitive singular)
श्वेतायै2 (genitive singular)
श्वेतयोः (dual genitive)
श्वेतानाम् (genitive plural)
श्वेतायाम् (locative singular)
श्वेतयोः (dual locative)
श्वेतासु (locative plural)
श्वेतम् (nominative singular)
श्वेते (dual nominative)
श्वेतानि (nominative plural)
श्वेता1 (nominative plural)
श्वेत (singular vocative)
श्वेते (dual vocative)
श्वेतानि (plural vocative)
श्वेता1 (plural vocative)
श्वेतम् (accusative singular)
श्वेते (accusative dual)
श्वेतानि (accusative plural)
श्वेता1 (accusative plural)
श्वेतेन (instrumental singular)
श्वेताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वेतैः (instrumental plural)
श्वेतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्वेताय (dative singular)
श्वेताभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वेतेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्वेतात् (ablative singular)
श्वेताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वेतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्वेतस्य (genitive singular)
श्वेतयोः (dual genitive)
श्वेतानाम् (genitive plural)
श्वेते (locative singular)
श्वेतयोः (dual locative)
श्वेतेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: শ্বেত (śśet)

Dardic:

Khowar: اِشپیرو (išpéru)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑁂𑀅 (sea)

desctree

Pali: seta
→ Old Javanese: sita
Javanese: ꦱꦺꦠ (séta)

→ Gujarati: શ્વેત (śvet)

desc

→ Hindi: श्वेत (śvet), स्वेत (svet) — colloquial

→ Kannada: ಶ್ವೇತ (śvēta)

→ Malayalam: ശ്വേതം (śvētaṁ)

→ Old Javanese: śweta

→ Punjabi: ਚਿੱਟਾ (ciṭṭā)

→ Tamil: சுவேதம் (cuvētam)

→ Telugu: శ్వేతము (śvētamu)

→ Thai: เศวต (swèet)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwaytás
Sanskrit श्वेत (śveta)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwaytás (“white”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt-ó-s, from *ḱweyt- (“bright; shine”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀 (spaēta), Persian سفید (safêd), Old Church Slavonic свѣтъ (světŭ), Russian свет (svet), Old English hwīt (whence English white). Related to Sanskrit श्वित्र (śvitrá).

etymon

शतं श्वेतास उक्षणो दिवि तारो न रोचन्ते ।

One hundred white bulls shine like the stars in the sky.

śataṃ śvetāsa ukṣaṇo divi tāro na rocante.


अग्नि

agní (romanization)
अग्निः (nominative singular)
अग्नी (dual nominative)
अग्नयः (nominative plural)
अग्ने (singular vocative)
अग्नी (dual vocative)
अग्नयः (plural vocative)
अग्निम् (accusative singular)
अग्नी (accusative dual)
अग्नीन् (accusative plural)
अग्निना (instrumental singular)
अग्न्या1 (instrumental singular)
अग्निभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अग्निभिः (instrumental plural)
अग्नये (dative singular)
अग्निभ्याम् (dative dual)
अग्निभ्यः (dative plural)
अग्नेः (ablative singular)
अग्निभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अग्निभ्यः (ablative plural)
अग्नेः (genitive singular)
अग्न्योः (dual genitive)
अग्नीनाम् (genitive plural)
अग्नौ (locative singular)
अग्ना1 (locative singular)
अग्न्योः (dual locative)
अग्निषु (locative plural)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hagníṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hagníš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥gʷnís. Cognate with Latin ignis, Old Church Slavonic огнь (ognĭ), ⱁⰳⱀⱐ (ognĭ).

अ॒ग्निम्ई॒ळे पु॒रोहि॑तं य॒ज्ञस्य॑ दे॒वमृ॒त्विजं॑ ।
होता॑रं रत्न॒धात॑मं ॥
agnímīḷé puróhitaṃ yajñásya devámṛtvíjaṃ.

I glorify Agni, the high priest of the sacrifice, the divine, the ministrant, who presents the oblation (to the gods), and is the possessor of great wealth.


अग्नि

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀅𑀕𑀺 (agi /aggi/)
Prakrit: 𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀺 (aggi) (see there for further descendants)

Dardic:

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: اۆگُن (ogun)

Devanagari script: ऒगुन (ogun)

Gandhari: 𐨀𐨒𐨁 (agi)

Pali: aggi
→ Khmer: អគ្គិ (ʼakkiʼ) (learned)
→ Lao: ອັກຄີ (ʼak khī) (learned)
→ Thai: อัคคี (àk-kii) (learned)

→ Assamese: অগ্নি (ogni)

→ Bengali: অগ্নি (ogni) (learned)

→ English: Agni

→ Gujarati: અગ્નિ (agni)

→ Hindustani:

→ Hindi: अगन (agan) (semi-learned)

→ Urdu: اگن (agan) (semi-learned)

→ Hindustani:

→ Old Hindi: अग्नि (agni) (learned)
Hindi: अग्नि (agni)

→ Urdu: اگنی (agni) (learned)

→ Old Javanese: agni, gĕni
Javanese: ꦲꦒ꧀ꦤꦶ (agni)
→ Balinese: ᬅᬕ᭄ᬦᬶ (agni)
Javanese: ꦒꦼꦤꦶ (geni)
→ Balinese: ᬕᭂᬦᬶ (geni)

→ Kannada: ಅಗ್ನಿ (agni)

→ Lao: ອັກຄະນີ (ʼak kha nī)

→ Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: अग्न (agna), अग्नि (agni), अज्ञी (ajñī)

Modi script: 𑘀𑘐𑘿𑘡 (agna), 𑘀𑘐𑘿𑘡𑘲 (agnī), 𑘀𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘲 (ajñī)

→ Odia: ଅଗ୍ନି (agni)

→ Marwari: अगन (agan), अगनी (agnī)

→ Russian: Агни́ (Agní)

→ Rohingya: ooin

→ Sylheti: ꠀꠉꠥꠁꠘ (aguin)

→ Tamil: அக்கினி (akkiṉi), அக்னி (akṉi)

→ Malayalam: അഗ്നി (agni)

→ Telugu: అగ్ని (agni)

→ Thai: อัคนี (àk-ká-nii)

दक्षिण दक्षिण#Sanskrit

fire, sacrificial fire (of three kinds, गार्हपत्य (gārhapatya), आहवनीय (āhavanīya), and दक्षिण (dakṣiṇa))

the fire of the stomach, digestive faculty, gastric fluid

Semecarpus anacardium
Semecarpus anacardium#Translingual

name of various plants; Semecarpus anacardium, Plumbago zeylanica, Plumbago indica, Citrus aurantifolia

in the कातन्त्र (kātantra) grammar, name of noun-stems ending in i and u


भाषा

bhā́ṣā (romanization)
भाषा (nominative singular)
भाषे (dual nominative)
भाषाः (nominative plural)
भाषे (singular vocative)
भाषे (dual vocative)
भाषाः (plural vocative)
भाषाम् (accusative singular)
भाषे (accusative dual)
भाषाः (accusative plural)
भाषया (instrumental singular)
भाषा1 (instrumental singular)
भाषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भाषाभिः (instrumental plural)
भाषायै (dative singular)
भाषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भाषाभ्यः (dative plural)
भाषायाः (ablative singular)
भाषायै2 (ablative singular)
भाषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भाषाभ्यः (ablative plural)
भाषायाः (genitive singular)
भाषायै2 (genitive singular)
भाषयोः (dual genitive)
भाषाणाम् (genitive plural)
भाषायाम् (locative singular)
भाषयोः (dual locative)
भाषासु (locative plural)

Dardic:

desc

Dameli: [script needed] (bâṣa, “language”)

Shina: بݜ (baṣ)

→ Domaaki: [script needed] (bāṣ)

desctree

Pali: bhāsā
→ Balinese: ᬪᬵᬱ (bhāṣa)
→ Burmese: ဘာသာ (bhasa)
→ Indonesian: bahasa
→ Isan: ภาษา (páa-sǎa)
→ Javanese: ꦧꦱ (basa)
→ Khmer: ភាសា (phiəsaa)
→ Khün: ᨽᩣᩈᩣ
→ Northern Thai: ᨽᩣᩈᩣ
→ Lao: ພາສາ (phā sā)
→ Lü: ᦘᦱᦉᦱ (phaaṡaa)
→ Mon: ဘာသာ (pʰesa)
→ Northern Thai: ᨽᩣᩇᩣ (bhasa)
→ Shan: ၽႃႇသႃႇ (phàa sàa)
→ Thai: ภาษา (paa-sǎa)

Prakrit: 𑀪𑀸𑀲𑀸 (bhāsā)

Eastern:

Bengali: ভাস (bhaś)

Bihari:

Maithili: भास (bhās)

Chakma: 𑄞𑄌𑄴 (bhāc)

Northern:

Garhwali: भाख (bhākh)

Kumaoni: भाश

Nepali: भास (bhās)

Insular:

Dhivehi: ބަސް (bas, “language”)

Sinhalese: බහ (baha, “word, saying”)

Southern:

Konkani: भास (bhās)

Central:

Chhattisgarhi: भाखा (bhākhā)

→ Acehnese: بَهْسَا (bahsa)

→ Assamese: ভাষা (bhaxa)

→ Banjarese: بَهَاسَ (bahasa)

→ Bengali: ভাষা (bhaśa)

→ Betawi: bahasa

→ Buginese: ᨅᨔ (basa)

→ Cia-Cia: bahasa / 바하사 (bahasa)

→ Dogri: bhāśā

Devanagari script: भाशा

Dogra script: 𑠡𑠬𑠧𑠬

→ Fiji Hindi: भाषा (bhāṣā), bhasa

→ Gujarati: ભાષા (bhāṣā)

→ Hindi: भाषा (bhāṣā)

→ Ilocano: basa

→ Kachchi: ભાષા (bhāṣā) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಭಾಷೆ (bhāṣe)

→ Madurese: بَهاسَ (basa)

→ Maguindanao: bahasah

→ Makasar: ᨅᨔ (basa)

→ Malay: bahasa (بهاس)
Indonesian: bahasa
→ Dutch: bahasa
→ English: Bahasa (along with Malay bahasa)
→ English: Bahasa (along with Indonesian bahasa)
Pattani Malay: بهاس (bahasa)

→ Malayalam: ഭാഷ (bhāṣa)

→ Marathi: भाषा (bhāṣā)

→ Maranao: basa

→ Minangkabau: بَاسو (baso)

→ Nepali: भाषा (bhāṣā)

→ Newar: भाषा (bhāṣā)

→ Northern Khmer: พซา

→ Old Javanese: bhāṣa
> Javanese: ꦧꦱ (basa) (inherited)
→ Balinese: ᬪᬵᬱ (basa)

→ Odia: ଭାଷା (bhāshā)

→ Punjabi: ਭਾਸ਼ਾ (bhāśā)

→ Sinhalese: භාෂාව (bhāṣāwa)

→ Sundanese: ᮘᮞ (basa)

→ Tamil: பாசை (pācai)

→ Tausug: bahasa

→ Telugu: భాష (bhāṣa)

→ Tulu: ಬಾಸೆ (bāse)

desc

→ Urdu: بھَاشَا (bhāśā)

→ Urdu: بھَاشَا (bhāśā)

→ Yakan: bahasa

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Waigali: [script needed] (bāṣ, “word”)

From the root भाष् (bhāṣ, “to speak”); further origin uncertain. Theories include:
* From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to speak”), compare Latin fās (“divine law”). The retroflex ṣ could either be onomatopoeic or to avoid homonymy with root भास् (bhās, “to shine”) (compare originally fully homonymous English flower and flour or German küssen and Kissen).
* From Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-s- (“to sound”), compare Lithuanian balsas (“voice”) and Latvian balss (“voice”). The retroflexion is in this case due to Fortunatov's Law.

der

रागिणी रागिणी#Sanskrit


सूर्य

sū́rya (romanization)
metrical Vedic sū́riya (romanization)
सूर्यः (nominative singular)
सूर्यौ (dual nominative)
सूर्या1 (dual nominative)
सूर्याः (nominative plural)
सूर्यासः1 (nominative plural)
सूर्य (singular vocative)
सूर्यौ (dual vocative)
सूर्या1 (dual vocative)
सूर्याः (plural vocative)
सूर्यासः1 (plural vocative)
सूर्यम् (accusative singular)
सूर्यौ (accusative dual)
सूर्या1 (accusative dual)
सूर्यान् (accusative plural)
सूर्येण (instrumental singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सूर्यैः (instrumental plural)
सूर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सूर्याय (dative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
सूर्यात् (ablative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
सूर्यस्य (genitive singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual genitive)
सूर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
सूर्ये (locative singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual locative)
सूर्येषु (locative plural)

A -य (-ya) extension of the base सूर् (sū́r), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Latin sōl, Persian خور (xur), English sun. Also related to स्वर् (svàr, “sun”) and सूर (sū́ra, “sun”).

ए॒वा पा॑हि प्र॒त्नथा॒ मन्द॑तु त्वा श्रु॒धि ब्रह्म॑ वावृ॒धस्वो॒त गी॒र्भिः।
आ॒विः सूर्यं॑ कृणु॒हि पी॑पि॒हीषो॑ ज॒हि शत्रूँ॑र॒भि गा इ॑न्द्र तृन्धि॥
evā́ pāhi pratnáthā mándatu tvā śrudhí bráhma vāvṛdhásvotá gīrbhíḥ.

O Indra, drink it as of old, and may it exhilarate ou; hear our prayer, and be exalted by our praises; make the sun visible, nourish us with food, destroy our enemies and rescue the cattle.

āvíḥ sū́ryaṃ kṛṇuhí pīpihī́ṣo jahí śátrūm̐rabhí gā́ indra tṛndhi.


सूर्य

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އިރު (iru)

Sinhalese: ඉර (ira)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀚 (sujja)

Sindhi: सिॼु(sijju)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਸਿਝ (sijha) (archaic)

Pali: surya

→ Assamese: সূৰুয (xuruz)

→ Bengali: সূর্য (śurjo)

→ Gujarati: સૂરજ (sūraj)

→ Hindi: सूर्य (sūrya), सूरज (sūraj)

→ Khmer: សុរិយ (soreyaʼ)

→ Kannada: ಸೂರ್ಯ (sūrya)

→ Konkani: सूर्य (sūrya)

→ Malayalam: സൂര്യന് (sūryaṉ)

→ Malay: suria
Indonesian: surya

→ Marathi: सूर्य (sūrya)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: sūrya
Javanese: ꦱꦸꦂꦪ (surya), ꦱꦺꦴꦂꦪ (sorya)
→ Balinese: ᬲᬹᬃᬬ (surya)

→ Odia: ସୂର୍ଯ୍ୟ (surjya)

→ Nepali: सूर्य (sūrya)

→ Newar: सूर्द्य (sūrdya)

→ Punjabi: ਸੂਰਜ (sūraj) / سورج (sūraj)

→ Marwari: सूरज (sūraj)

→ Sindhi: سوُرَجُ (sūraju)

→ Sinhalese: සූර්යයා (sūryayā)

→ Tamil: சூரியன் (cūriyaṉ)

→ Telugu: సూర్యుడు (sūryuḍu)

desc

→ Thai: สุริยา

→ Thai: สุริยา

→ Burmese: သူရိယ (suri.ya.)

→ Urdu: سورج (sūraj)

त॒रणि॑र्वि॒श्वद॑र्शतो ज्योति॒ष्कृद॑सि सूर्य।
विश्व॒मा भा॑सि रोच॒नम्॥
taráṇirviśvádarśato jyotiṣkṛ́dasi sūrya.
víśvamā́ bhāsi rocanám.

You, Sūrya, outstrip all in speed; you are visible to all; you are the source of light; you shine throughout the entire firmament

(Vedic religion, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) Surya, the Vedic solar deity


सूर्य

sū́rya (romanization)
सूर्यः (nominative singular)
सूर्यौ (dual nominative)
सूर्या1 (dual nominative)
सूर्याः (nominative plural)
सूर्यासः1 (nominative plural)
सूर्य (singular vocative)
सूर्यौ (dual vocative)
सूर्या1 (dual vocative)
सूर्याः (plural vocative)
सूर्यासः1 (plural vocative)
सूर्यम् (accusative singular)
सूर्यौ (accusative dual)
सूर्या1 (accusative dual)
सूर्यान् (accusative plural)
सूर्येण (instrumental singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सूर्यैः (instrumental plural)
सूर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सूर्याय (dative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
सूर्यात् (ablative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
सूर्यस्य (genitive singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual genitive)
सूर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
सूर्ये (locative singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual locative)
सूर्येषु (locative plural)
सूर्या (nominative singular)
सूर्ये (dual nominative)
सूर्याः (nominative plural)
सूर्ये (singular vocative)
सूर्ये (dual vocative)
सूर्याः (plural vocative)
सूर्याम् (accusative singular)
सूर्ये (accusative dual)
सूर्याः (accusative plural)
सूर्यया (instrumental singular)
सूर्या1 (instrumental singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सूर्याभिः (instrumental plural)
सूर्यायै (dative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
सूर्याभ्यः (dative plural)
सूर्यायाः (ablative singular)
सूर्यायै2 (ablative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सूर्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
सूर्यायाः (genitive singular)
सूर्यायै2 (genitive singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual genitive)
सूर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
सूर्यायाम् (locative singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual locative)
सूर्यासु (locative plural)
सूर्यम् (nominative singular)
सूर्ये (dual nominative)
सूर्याणि (nominative plural)
सूर्या1 (nominative plural)
सूर्य (singular vocative)
सूर्ये (dual vocative)
सूर्याणि (plural vocative)
सूर्या1 (plural vocative)
सूर्यम् (accusative singular)
सूर्ये (accusative dual)
सूर्याणि (accusative plural)
सूर्या1 (accusative plural)
सूर्येण (instrumental singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सूर्यैः (instrumental plural)
सूर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सूर्याय (dative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
सूर्यात् (ablative singular)
सूर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सूर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
सूर्यस्य (genitive singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual genitive)
सूर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
सूर्ये (locative singular)
सूर्ययोः (dual locative)
सूर्येषु (locative plural)


सुख

sukhá (romanization)
सुखः (nominative singular)
सुखौ (dual nominative)
सुखाः (nominative plural)
सुख (singular vocative)
सुखौ (dual vocative)
सुखाः (plural vocative)
सुखम् (accusative singular)
सुखौ (accusative dual)
सुखान् (accusative plural)
सुखेन (instrumental singular)
सुखाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सुखैः (instrumental plural)
सुखाय (dative singular)
सुखाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सुखेभ्यः (dative plural)
सुखात् (ablative singular)
सुखाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सुखेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सुखस्य (genitive singular)
सुखयोः (dual genitive)
सुखानाम् (genitive plural)
सुखे (locative singular)
सुखयोः (dual locative)
सुखेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of सुख

Said to be from सु- (su-) + ख (kha), and to mean originally "having a good axle-hole"; but probably reborrowed from a Prakrit form of earlier सुस्थ (sustha), from सु- (su-) + स्थ (stha); compare दुःख (duḥkha).


दीपिका

dīpikā (romanization)
दीपिका (nominative singular)
दीपिके (dual nominative)
दीपिकाः (nominative plural)
दीपिके (singular vocative)
दीपिके (dual vocative)
दीपिकाः (plural vocative)
दीपिकाम् (accusative singular)
दीपिके (accusative dual)
दीपिकाः (accusative plural)
दीपिकया (instrumental singular)
दीपिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दीपिकाभिः (instrumental plural)
दीपिकायै (dative singular)
दीपिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दीपिकाभ्यः (dative plural)
दीपिकायाः (ablative singular)
दीपिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दीपिकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
दीपिकायाः (genitive singular)
दीपिकयोः (dual genitive)
दीपिकानाम् (genitive plural)
दीपिकायाम् (locative singular)
दीपिकयोः (dual locative)
दीपिकासु (locative plural)

Feminine ā-stem declension of दीपिका

दीपिकाभ्याम्

दीपिकाभ्याम्

दीपिकाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

दीपिकाभ्याम्

दीपिकाभ्याम्

दीपिकाभ्याम्

कुलदीपिका कुलदीपिका#Sanskrit

गूढार्थदीपिका गूढार्थदीपिका#Sanskrit

त्रैलोक्यदीपिका त्रैलोक्यदीपिका#Sanskrit

"illustrator" or "illustration" at the end of titles of books (compare कुलदीपिका (kula-dīpikā), गूढार्थदीपिका (gūḍhā-rtha-dīpikā), त्रैलोक्यदीपिका (trailokya-dīpikā)) and also alone, name of works

Trachyspermum ammi
Trachyspermum ammi#Translingual

Ptychotis ajowan (possibly Trachyspermum ammi) or the root of Calmus

रागिणी रागिणी#Sanskrit


दण्ड

daṇḍá (romanization)
दण्डः (nominative singular)
दण्डौ (dual nominative)
दण्डा1 (dual nominative)
दण्डाः (nominative plural)
दण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
दण्ड (singular vocative)
दण्डौ (dual vocative)
दण्डा1 (dual vocative)
दण्डाः (plural vocative)
दण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
दण्डम् (accusative singular)
दण्डौ (accusative dual)
दण्डा1 (accusative dual)
दण्डान् (accusative plural)
दण्डेन (instrumental singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दण्डैः (instrumental plural)
दण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दण्डाय (dative singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
दण्डात् (ablative singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दण्डस्य (genitive singular)
दण्डयोः (dual genitive)
दण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
दण्डे (locative singular)
दण्डयोः (dual locative)
दण्डेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

desc

Gawar-Bati: ڈݨڈ (ḍaṇḍ), ڈوݨڈیک (dōṇḍī́k), ڈیݨڈی (ḍḗṇḍī)

Kashmiri: دَن (dan), دۆنُ (donu), ڈَنڈُ (ḍanḍu)

Shina: دوݨ (do̯ṇŭ), ڈونی (ḍṓnī)

Shumashti: dä̃ṛä

Torwali: دن (dan)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: ḍōn

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Ashkun: dōṇ

Kamkata-viri: duṇ, ḍun, ḍen

Prasuni: ḍuṇḍu, ḍuṇḍū́

Waigali: dūṇ, ḍūṇíṅ, deṇḍī́

Pali: daṇḍa, daṇḍaka

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀀𑀟 (dam̐ḍa), 𑀟𑀀𑀟𑀟𑀀𑀟𑀬 (ḍam̐ḍaḍam̐ḍaya)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Awadhi: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डाँड़ु (ḍā̃ṛu), डाँड़ा (ḍā̃ṛā)

Gujarati: દાઁડો (dām̐ḍo), ડાઁડો (ḍām̐ḍo), દાઁડી (dām̐ḍī), ડાઁડી (ḍām̐ḍī)

Hindustani: dā̃ḍ, ḍā̃ḍ, ḍā̃ṛ, daṇḍā, ḍaṇḍā, ḍā̃ḍā, ḍā̃ṛā, ḍaṇḍī, ḍā̃ḍī

Hindi: दाँड, डाँड, डाँड़, दंडा, डंडा, डाँडा, डाँड़ा, डंडी, डाँडी

Urdu: دَاںڈ (dā̃ḍ), ڈَاںڈ (ḍā̃ḍ), ڈَاںڑ (ḍā̃ṛ), دَنڈَا, ڈَنڈَا, ڈَاںڈَا (ḍā̃ḍā), ڈَاںڑَا (ḍā̃ṛā), ڈَنڈِی (ḍanḍī), ڈَاںڈِی (ḍā̃ḍī)

Romani: ran

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ডাঁৰ (dãr), ডাঁৰা (dãra), ডাঁৰি (dãri), ডঁৰ (dõr)

Bengali: ডান্ডা (ḍanḍa), দাঁড় (dãṛ), দাঁড়ি (dãṛi), ডাঁড় (ḍãṛ), ডাঁড়ি (ḍãṛi)

Bihari: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Bihari: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Bhojpuri: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Maithili: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डाँड़ि (ḍā̃ṛɨ), डाँड़ब (ḍā̃ṛab)

Odia: ଡାଣ୍ଡ (ḍāṇḍa), ଡାଁଡ଼ (ḍā̃ṛa), ଦାଣ୍ଡି (dāṇḍi), ଦଣ୍ଡା (daṇḍā), ଦଣ୍ଡି (daṇḍi)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: डाँड (ḍā̃ḍ)

Kumaoni: दान (dān), डान (ḍān), डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डानो (ḍāno), डानी (ḍānī), डाण (ḍāṇ)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: डाँण (ḍā̃ṇ), डाँणो (ḍā̃ṇo), डाँणि (ḍā̃ṇi)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: डन्न (ḍann), डन्नो (ḍanno), डन्नी (ḍannī)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ދަނޑި (daⁿḍi)

Sinhalese: දණ්ඩ (daṇḍa)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: dāṇḍāro

Devanagari script: दांडारो (dāṇḍāro)

Latin script: dannddarô

Kannada script: ದಾಂಡಾರೊ

Marathi: दाँड (dŏṇḍa), दाँड (dŏṇḍa)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: dann, ḍann, ḍannā, ḍannī

Gurmukhi script: ਦੰਨ, ਡੰਨ, ਡੰਨਾ, ਡੰਨੀ

Shahmukhi script: دَنّ, ڈَنّ, ڈَنَّا, ڈَنِّی

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: ḍ̠anu, ḍ̠ano, ḍ̠anī, ḍ̠aṇḍu, ḍ̠aṇḍo

Arabic script: ڏَنُ, ڏَنو, ڏَنِي, ڏَڻڊُ, ڏَڻڊو

Devanagari script: ॾनु, ॾनो, ॾनी, ॾंडु, ॾंडो

→ Assamese: দণ্ড (dondo)

→ Bengali: দণ্ড (donḍo)

→ Burmese: ဒဏ် (dan)

→ Hindustani: daṇḍ

Hindi: दंड

Urdu: دَنڈ

→ Indonesian: denda

→ Khmer: ទណ្ឌ (tŏən)

→ Lao: ທັນ (than)

→ Malayalam: ദണ്ഡം (daṇḍaṁ)

→ Malay: denda

→ Pali: daṇḍa

→ Romani: rran

→ Sindhi: ڏَنڊُ, ड॒ण्डु

→ Sindhi: ڏَنڊُ, ड॒ण्डु

→ Tamil: தண்டம் (taṇṭam)

→ Telugu: దండము (daṇḍamu)

→ Thai: ทัณฑ์ (than)

→ Urdu:

Borrowed from substrate language. Kuiper argues for a loanword from Munda; compare Mundari ଦାଣ୍ଡି (dāṇḍi, “small stick”), Santali ᱫᱚᱬᱴᱚ (dôṇṭô, “thick stick, club”), ᱫᱚᱬᱴᱤᱴᱤᱛ (dôṇṭiṭit, “stem of mushrooms”), ᱫᱚᱬᱰᱤ (dôṇḍi, “stick, staff, stalk”). Likewise, Southworth suggests a Dravidian substratum, compare Malayalam തണ്ട് (taṇṭŭ, “stick, club”).
Alternatively, but less likely, a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”), whence दारु (dā́ru), and thus cognate with Ancient Greek δένδρον (déndron, “tree”), but both this and that Greek word are phonologically difficult to explain.


संगीत

saṃgīta (romanization)
संगीतम् (nominative singular)
संगीते (dual nominative)
संगीतानि (nominative plural)
संगीता1 (nominative plural)
संगीत (singular vocative)
संगीते (dual vocative)
संगीतानि (plural vocative)
संगीता1 (plural vocative)
संगीतम् (accusative singular)
संगीते (accusative dual)
संगीतानि (accusative plural)
संगीता1 (accusative plural)
संगीतेन (instrumental singular)
संगीताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संगीतैः (instrumental plural)
संगीतेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
संगीताय (dative singular)
संगीताभ्याम् (dative dual)
संगीतेभ्यः (dative plural)
संगीतात् (ablative singular)
संगीताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संगीतेभ्यः (ablative plural)
संगीतस्य (genitive singular)
संगीतयोः (dual genitive)
संगीतानाम् (genitive plural)
संगीते (locative singular)
संगीतयोः (dual locative)
संगीतेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: সঙ্গীত (śoṅgit)

Gujarati: સંગીત (saṅgīt)

Hindi: संगीत (saṅgīt), सङ्गीत (saṅgīt)

Kannada: ಸಂಗೀತ (saṅgīta)

Malay: gita (now obsolete)

Malayalam: സംഗീതം (saṅgītaṁ)

Marathi: संगीत (saṅgīt)

Nepali: संगीत (saṅgīt)

Sinhalese: සංගීතය (saṁgītaya)

Tamil: சங்கீதம் (caṅkītam)

Telugu: సంగీతము (saṅgītamu)

Urdu: سنگیت (saṅgīt)

/s̪ɐŋˈɡiː.t̪ɐ/

From सम्- (sam-, “together”) + गीत (gīta, “sung”).


सिंह

siṃhá (romanization)
सिंहः (nominative singular)
सिंहौ (dual nominative)
सिंहा1 (dual nominative)
सिंहाः (nominative plural)
सिंहासः1 (nominative plural)
सिंह (singular vocative)
सिंहौ (dual vocative)
सिंहा1 (dual vocative)
सिंहाः (plural vocative)
सिंहासः1 (plural vocative)
सिंहम् (accusative singular)
सिंहौ (accusative dual)
सिंहा1 (accusative dual)
सिंहान् (accusative plural)
सिंहेन (instrumental singular)
सिंहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिंहैः (instrumental plural)
सिंहेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सिंहाय (dative singular)
सिंहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिंहेभ्यः (dative plural)
सिंहात् (ablative singular)
सिंहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिंहेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिंहस्य (genitive singular)
सिंहयोः (dual genitive)
सिंहानाम् (genitive plural)
सिंहे (locative singular)
सिंहयोः (dual locative)
सिंहेषु (locative plural)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀻𑀳 (sīha)

Kashmiri: सॖह (sụh)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀰𑀺𑀁𑀳 (śiṃha)

desc

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀻𑀳 (sīha), 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀖 (siṃgha), 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳 (siṃha)

desctree

Pali: sīha
→ Burmese: သိဟ် (sih), သီဟ (siha.) (learned)
→ Khmer: សីហា (səyhaa), សីហៈ (səyhaʼ) (learned)
→ Shan: သီႇႁႃႉ (sìi hâ̰a) (learned)
→ Thai: สีห์ (sǐi), สีหะ (learned)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀖 (siṃgha)

Old Hindi:

Hindi: सिंघ (siṅgh), سنگھ (siṅgh)

Punjabi: ਸਿੰਘ (siṅgh)

→ Assamese: সিংহ (xiṅho)
→ Karbi: hingho
→ Mising: ইংগ (iṅgo)

→ Bengali: সিংহ (śiṅho)
→ Kokborok: singho
→ Garo: singho

→ Bhojpuri: सिंह (sinh)

→ Bishnupriya Manipuri: সিংহ

→ Gondi: చిహొ (ciho)

→ Gujarati: સિંહ (sĩh)

→ Hindi: सिंह (sĩh), سنہ (siṅh)

→ Kannada: ಸಿಂಹ (siṃha)

→ Lao: ສິງ (sing)

→ Lü: ᦉᦲᧂ (ṡiing)

→ Classical Malay: [Term?]

Malay: singa

→ Bau Bidayuh: singa

→ Central Melanau: singa

Indonesian: singa

→ Nalca: singa

→ Maranao: singa

desc

→ Malayalam: സിംഹം (siṁhaṁ), ചിങ്ങം (ciṅṅaṁ)

→ Malavedan: ചിമുകം (cimukaṁ)

→ Marathi: सिंह (siuha)

→ Nepali: सिंह (siṅha)

→ Old Javanese: [script needed] (siṅha)

Javanese: ꦱꦶꦔ (singa)

→ Sundanese: ᮞᮤᮍ (singa)

→ Old Khmer: សិង្ហ (siṅha), សិង៑ (siṅ)

Khmer: សិង្ហ (senghɑɑ), សឹង្ហ (səng)

→ Odia: ସିଂହ (siṁha)

→ Sinhalese: සිංහයා (siṁhayā)

→ Tamil: சிங்கம் (ciṅkam), சிம்மம் (cimmam), சிம்ஹம் (cimham)

→ Telugu: సింహము (siṁhamu)

→ Thai: สิงห์ (sǐng)

→ Tibetan: སེངྒེ (sengge)

→ Tulu: ಸಿಂಹ (siṃha)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sinźʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sinȷ́ʰás, from dialectal Proto-Indo-European *sinǵʰós, ultimately a borrowing from a Central Asian substrate language. Cognate with Old Armenian ինձ (inj).


राग

rāga (romanization)
रागः (nominative singular)
रागौ (dual nominative)
रागा1 (dual nominative)
रागाः (nominative plural)
रागासः1 (nominative plural)
राग (singular vocative)
रागौ (dual vocative)
रागा1 (dual vocative)
रागाः (plural vocative)
रागासः1 (plural vocative)
रागम् (accusative singular)
रागौ (accusative dual)
रागा1 (accusative dual)
रागान् (accusative plural)
रागेण (instrumental singular)
रागाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रागैः (instrumental plural)
रागेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रागाय (dative singular)
रागाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रागेभ्यः (dative plural)
रागात् (ablative singular)
रागाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रागेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रागस्य (genitive singular)
रागयोः (dual genitive)
रागाणाम् (genitive plural)
रागे (locative singular)
रागयोः (dual locative)
रागेषु (locative plural)

→ English: raga

→ Hindi: राग (rāg) (learned)

→ Kannada: ರಾಗ (rāga)

→ Malayalam: രാഗം (rāgaṁ)

→ Marathi: राग (rāg) (learned)

→ Punjabi: ਰਾਗ (rāg)

→ Tamil: இராகம் (irākam)

→ Telugu: రాగము (rāgamu)

→ Urdu: راگ (rāg)

(Classical Sanskrit) melody, harmony, "raga"


गौर

कडारादि कडारादि

(in comp. or ifc. g. कडारादि) white, yellowish, reddish, pale red


गौर

desctree

→ Old Javanese: gora
> Javanese: ꦒꦺꦴꦫ (gora) (inherited)

पार्वती पार्वती

(Hinduism) ‘brilliant Goddess’, शिव's wife पार्वती


तारा

tā́rā (romanization)
तारा (nominative singular)
तारे (dual nominative)
ताराः (nominative plural)
तारे (singular vocative)
तारे (dual vocative)
ताराः (plural vocative)
ताराम् (accusative singular)
तारे (accusative dual)
ताराः (accusative plural)
तारया (instrumental singular)
तारा1 (instrumental singular)
ताराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ताराभिः (instrumental plural)
तारायै (dative singular)
ताराभ्याम् (dative dual)
ताराभ्यः (dative plural)
तारायाः (ablative singular)
तारायै2 (ablative singular)
ताराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ताराभ्यः (ablative plural)
तारायाः (genitive singular)
तारायै2 (genitive singular)
तारयोः (dual genitive)
ताराणाम् (genitive plural)
तारायाम् (locative singular)
तारयोः (dual locative)
तारासु (locative plural)

Pali: tārā, tārakā

→ Old Javanese: tāra
Javanese: ꦠꦫ (tara)
→ Balinese: ᬢᬭᬵ (tara)

→ Burmese: တာရာ (tara)

→ Tagalog: tala

→ Thai: ดารา (daa-raa)

Prakrit: 𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸 (tārā), 𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀬𑀸 (tārayā)

Apabhramsa: तारउ (tāraü) (see there for further descendants)

→ Malayalam: താരം (tāraṁ)

→ Telugu: తార (tāra)

→ Tamil: தாரை (tārai)

Based on forms beginning with तार- (tāra-) of तृ (tṛ, “star”), a Vedic contraction of स्तृ (stṛ), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hstā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hstar-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭- (star-), Persian ستاره (setâre), Latin stella, Ancient Greek ἀστήρ (astḗr) and Old English steorra (whence English star).


नाक

nā́ka (romanization)
नाकः (nominative singular)
नाकौ (dual nominative)
नाका1 (dual nominative)
नाकाः (nominative plural)
नाकासः1 (nominative plural)
नाक (singular vocative)
नाकौ (dual vocative)
नाका1 (dual vocative)
नाकाः (plural vocative)
नाकासः1 (plural vocative)
नाकम् (accusative singular)
नाकौ (accusative dual)
नाका1 (accusative dual)
नाकान् (accusative plural)
नाकेन (instrumental singular)
नाकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नाकैः (instrumental plural)
नाकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नाकाय (dative singular)
नाकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नाकेभ्यः (dative plural)
नाकात् (ablative singular)
नाकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नाकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाकस्य (genitive singular)
नाकयोः (dual genitive)
नाकानाम् (genitive plural)
नाके (locative singular)
नाकयोः (dual locative)
नाकेषु (locative plural)

Compound of न (ná, “no”) + अक (áka, “sin, pain”), literally “[where there is/who has] no pain or sin”.


भाति

sa-verb

भाति • (bhā́ti) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, root भा)

bhā́ti (romanization)
भा (root)
भाति (present)
भाते (present)
भाति (active indicative singular third-person)
भातः (active dual indicative third-person)
भान्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
भाते (indicative singular third-person)
भाते (dual indicative third-person)
भाते (indicative plural third-person)
भासि (active indicative second-person singular)
भाथः (active dual indicative second-person)
भाथ (active indicative plural second-person)
भासे (indicative second-person singular)
भाथे (dual indicative second-person)
भाध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
भामि (active first-person indicative singular)
भावः (active dual first-person indicative)
भामः (active first-person indicative plural)
भामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
भै (first-person indicative singular)
भावहे (dual first-person indicative)
भामहे (first-person indicative plural)
भातु (active imperative singular third-person)
भाताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
भान्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
भाताम् (imperative singular third-person)
भाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
भाताम् (imperative plural third-person)
भाहि (active imperative second-person singular)
भातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
भात (active imperative plural second-person)
भास्व (imperative second-person singular)
भाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
भाध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
भानि (active first-person imperative singular)
भाव (active dual first-person imperative)
भाम (active first-person imperative plural)
भै (first-person imperative singular)
भावहै (dual first-person imperative)
भामहै (first-person imperative plural)
भायात् (active imperative singular third-person)
भायाताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
भायुः (active imperative plural third-person)
भेत (imperative singular third-person)
भेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
भेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
भायाः (active imperative second-person singular)
भायातम् (active dual imperative second-person)
भायात (active imperative plural second-person)
भेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
भेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
भेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
भायाम् (active first-person imperative singular)
भायाव (active dual first-person imperative)
भायाम (active first-person imperative plural)
भेय (first-person imperative singular)
भेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
भेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
भात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
भाति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
भातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
भान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
भाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
भातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
भैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
भान्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
भान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
भाः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
भासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
भाथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
भाथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
भासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
भासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
भैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
भाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
भानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
भा (active first-person singular subjunctive)
भाव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
भाम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
भै (first-person singular subjunctive)
भावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
भामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
भात् (active participle)
भान (participle)
अभात् (imperfect)
अभात (imperfect)
अभात् (active indicative singular third-person)
अभाताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अभुः (active indicative plural third-person)
अभान् (active indicative plural third-person)
अभात (indicative singular third-person)
अभाताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अभात (indicative plural third-person)
अभाः (active indicative second-person singular)
अभातम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अभात (active indicative plural second-person)
अभाथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अभाथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अभाध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अभाम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अभाव (active dual first-person indicative)
अभाम (active first-person indicative plural)
अभे (first-person indicative singular)
अभावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अभामहि (first-person indicative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰáHti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰáHti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂-ti, from *bʰeh₂- (“to shine”). Cognate with Ancient Greek φάος (pháos, “light”).


सवितृ

savitṛ́ (romanization)
सविता (nominative singular)
सवितारौ (dual nominative)
सवितारा1 (dual nominative)
सवितारः (nominative plural)
सवितः (singular vocative)
सवितारौ (dual vocative)
सवितारा1 (dual vocative)
सवितारः (plural vocative)
सवितारम् (accusative singular)
सवितारौ (accusative dual)
सवितारा1 (accusative dual)
सवितॄन् (accusative plural)
सवित्रा (instrumental singular)
सवितृभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सवितृभिः (instrumental plural)
सवित्रे (dative singular)
सवितृभ्याम् (dative dual)
सवितृभ्यः (dative plural)
सवितुः (ablative singular)
सवितृभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सवितृभ्यः (ablative plural)
सवितुः (genitive singular)
सवित्रोः (dual genitive)
सवितॄणाम् (genitive plural)
सवितरि (locative singular)
सवित्रोः (dual locative)
सवितृषु (locative plural)

From the full-grade of the root सू (sū, “to impel, to vivify”) + -तृ (-tṛ, agentive suffix).

आ कृ॒ष्णेन॒ रज॑सा॒ वर्त॑मानो निवे॒शय॑न्न॒मृतं॒ मर्त्यं॑ च।
हि॒र॒ण्यये॑न सवि॒ता रथे॒ना दे॒वो या॑ति॒ भुव॑नानि॒ पश्य॑न्॥
ā́ kṛṣṇéna rájasā vártamāno niveśáyannamṛ́taṃ mártyaṃ ca.
hiraṇyáyena savitā́ ráthenā́ devó yāti bhúvanāni páśyan.

Revolving through the darkened firmament, arousing mortal and immortal, the divine Savitā travels in his golden chariot, beholding the worlds.

तत्स॒वि॒तुर्वरे॑ण्यं॒ भर्गो॑ दे॒वस्य॑ धीमहि।
धियो॒ यो न॑: प्रचो॒दया॑त्॥
tátsavitúrváreṇyaṃ bhárgo devásya dhīmahi.
dhíyo yó na: pracodáyāt.

We meditate on that desirable light of the divine Savitā, who influences our pious rites.

"The Vivifier"; the name of a Vedic solar deity described as the personification of the divine, vivifying influence of the Sun


हंस

haṃsá (romanization)
हंसः (nominative singular)
हंसौ (dual nominative)
हंसा1 (dual nominative)
हंसाः (nominative plural)
हंसासः1 (nominative plural)
हंस (singular vocative)
हंसौ (dual vocative)
हंसा1 (dual vocative)
हंसाः (plural vocative)
हंसासः1 (plural vocative)
हंसम् (accusative singular)
हंसौ (accusative dual)
हंसा1 (accusative dual)
हंसान् (accusative plural)
हंसेन (instrumental singular)
हंसाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हंसैः (instrumental plural)
हंसेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हंसाय (dative singular)
हंसाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हंसेभ्यः (dative plural)
हंसात् (ablative singular)
हंसाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हंसेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हंसस्य (genitive singular)
हंसयोः (dual genitive)
हंसानाम् (genitive plural)
हंसे (locative singular)
हंसयोः (dual locative)
हंसेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: أنٛز (ạnz)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: হাঁহ (hãh)

Bengali: হাঁস (hãs)

Sylheti: ꠀꠃꠀ (áúa), ꠀꠁ (áí)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਹੰਸ (hans)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀳𑀁𑀲 (haṃsa)

Hindi: हाँस (hā̃s)

/ɦɐ.ɡm̩.sɐ́/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰansás (“goose”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns (“goose”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬁 (zā), Ancient Greek χήν (khḗn), Latin ānser, Latvian zoss, German Gans, Old Irish géiss, Russian гусь (gusʹ), Albanian gatë (“heron”), Old English gōs (whence English goose).


शङ्ख

śaṅkhá (romanization)
शङ्खः (nominative singular)
शङ्खौ (dual nominative)
शङ्खा1 (dual nominative)
शङ्खाः (nominative plural)
शङ्खासः1 (nominative plural)
शङ्ख (singular vocative)
शङ्खौ (dual vocative)
शङ्खा1 (dual vocative)
शङ्खाः (plural vocative)
शङ्खासः1 (plural vocative)
शङ्खम् (accusative singular)
शङ्खौ (accusative dual)
शङ्खा1 (accusative dual)
शङ्खान् (accusative plural)
शङ्खेन (instrumental singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शङ्खैः (instrumental plural)
शङ्खेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शङ्खाय (dative singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शङ्खेभ्यः (dative plural)
शङ्खात् (ablative singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शङ्खेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शङ्खस्य (genitive singular)
शङ्खयोः (dual genitive)
शङ्खानाम् (genitive plural)
शङ्खे (locative singular)
शङ्खयोः (dual locative)
शङ्खेषु (locative plural)
शङ्खम् (nominative singular)
शङ्खे (dual nominative)
शङ्खानि (nominative plural)
शङ्खा1 (nominative plural)
शङ्ख (singular vocative)
शङ्खे (dual vocative)
शङ्खानि (plural vocative)
शङ्खा1 (plural vocative)
शङ्खम् (accusative singular)
शङ्खे (accusative dual)
शङ्खानि (accusative plural)
शङ्खा1 (accusative plural)
शङ्खेन (instrumental singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शङ्खैः (instrumental plural)
शङ्खेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शङ्खाय (dative singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शङ्खेभ्यः (dative plural)
शङ्खात् (ablative singular)
शङ्खाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शङ्खेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शङ्खस्य (genitive singular)
शङ्खयोः (dual genitive)
शङ्खानाम् (genitive plural)
शङ्खे (locative singular)
शङ्खयोः (dual locative)
शङ्खेषु (locative plural)

Pali: saṅkha

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀗𑁆𑀔 (saṅkha)

Central:

Hindustani: saṅkh

Hindi: शंख

Urdu: سَنکھ

Eastern:

Assamese: শাঁক (xãk)

Bengali: শাঁখ (śãkh)

Odia: ସଂଖା (saṅkhā)

Northern:

Kumaoni: साँख (sā̃kh), साँक (sā̃k)

Northwestern:

Sindhi: saṅghī

Arabic script: سَنگهِي

Devanagari script: संघी

Southern:

Dhivehi: ސަންގު (san̊gu)

Sinhalese: සක (saka)

→ Kannada: ಶಂಖ (śaṅkha)

desc

→ Malayalam: ചങ്ക് (caṅkŭ), ശംഖ് (śaṅkhŭ), ശംഖം (śaṅkhaṁ)

→ Tamil: சங்கு (caṅku)

→ Telugu: శంఖము (śaṅkhamu)

Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóngʰ-os with unexplained devoicing of the velar stop; doubtfully connected to Ancient Greek κόγχος (kónkhos).

a shell, (especially) the conch-shell (used for making libations of water or as an ornament for the arms or for the temples of an elephant ; a conch-shell perforated at one end is also used as a wind instrument or horn; in the battles of epic poetry, each hero being represented as provided with a conch-shell which serves as his horn or trumpet and often has a name)


स्वर

sa-noun

स्वर • (svára, svará) stem, m (root स्वर्)

svára (romanization)
svará (romanization)
स्वर् (root)
स्वरः (nominative singular)
स्वरौ (dual nominative)
स्वरा1 (dual nominative)
स्वराः (nominative plural)
स्वरासः1 (nominative plural)
स्वर (singular vocative)
स्वरौ (dual vocative)
स्वरा1 (dual vocative)
स्वराः (plural vocative)
स्वरासः1 (plural vocative)
स्वरम् (accusative singular)
स्वरौ (accusative dual)
स्वरा1 (accusative dual)
स्वरान् (accusative plural)
स्वरेण (instrumental singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वरैः (instrumental plural)
स्वरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
स्वराय (dative singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वरेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वरात् (ablative singular)
स्वराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वरस्य (genitive singular)
स्वरयोः (dual genitive)
स्वराणाम् (genitive plural)
स्वरे (locative singular)
स्वरयोः (dual locative)
स्वरेषु (locative plural)

→ Kapampangan: siwala

→ Khmer: សូរ (sou)

desctree

→ Malay: suara
Indonesian: suara
→ Kapampangan: siuala
→ Maguindanao: suala
→ Tausug: swara

→ Old Javanese: swara, sora
Javanese: ꦱ꧀ꦮꦫ (swara)
→ Balinese: ᬲ᭄ᬯᬭ (suara)
> Javanese: ꦱꦺꦴꦫ (sora, “loud”) (inherited)
>? Malay: sorak
> Indonesian: sorak (inherited)

→ Tamil: சுரம் (curam)

→ Telugu: స్వరము (svaramu)

From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound”).


जय

jayá (romanization)
जयः (nominative singular)
जयौ (dual nominative)
जया1 (dual nominative)
जयाः (nominative plural)
जयासः1 (nominative plural)
जय (singular vocative)
जयौ (dual vocative)
जया1 (dual vocative)
जयाः (plural vocative)
जयासः1 (plural vocative)
जयम् (accusative singular)
जयौ (accusative dual)
जया1 (accusative dual)
जयान् (accusative plural)
जयेन (instrumental singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जयैः (instrumental plural)
जयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जयाय (dative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जयेभ्यः (dative plural)
जयात् (ablative singular)
जयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जयस्य (genitive singular)
जययोः (dual genitive)
जयानाम् (genitive plural)
जये (locative singular)
जययोः (dual locative)
जयेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: জয় (joẏ)

→ Chinese: 闍耶／阇耶

→ English: Jaya

Gujarati: જાય (jāya)

→ Hindi: जय (jay)

→ Kannada: ಜಯ (jaya)

→ Khmer: ជយោ (cĕəʼyoo)

→ Lao: ໄຊ (sai)

→ Lü: ᦺᦋ (tsay)

→ Madurese: jhâjâ

→ Malay: jaya

Indonesian: jaya

→ Malayalam: ജയാ (jayā)

Marathi: जय (jay)

Nepali: जय (jaya)

Odia: ଜୟ (jaya)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: jaya
Javanese: ꦗꦪ (jaya)
→ Balinese: ᬚᬬ (jaya)

Pali: jaya
→ Khmer: ជ័យ (cɨy)
→ Burmese: ဇေယျ (jeyya.)
→ Mon: ဇၞး
→ Thai: ชัย (chai), ชโย (chayo) ไชโย (chaiyo)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜੈ (jai)

Shahmukhi script: جے (jay)

→ Tamil: ஜெயா (jeyā), ஜெய (jeya)

→ Telugu: జయ (jaya), జయము (jayamu)

From the root जि (ji, “to win”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷey- (“to win, conquer”). Cognate with Ancient Greek βῐ́ᾱ (bíā).


द्यु

dyú (romanization)
द्यौः (nominative singular)
द्यावा (dual nominative)
द्यावौ (dual nominative)
दिवौ (dual nominative)
दिवः (nominative plural)
द्यावः (nominative plural)
द्यौः (singular vocative)
द्यावा (dual vocative)
द्यावौ (dual vocative)
दिवौ (dual vocative)
दिवः (plural vocative)
द्यावः (plural vocative)
दिवम् (accusative singular)
द्याम् (accusative singular)
द्यावा (accusative dual)
द्यावौ (accusative dual)
दिवौ (accusative dual)
दिवः (accusative plural)
द्यून् (accusative plural)
दिवा (instrumental singular)
द्यवा (instrumental singular)
द्युभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्युभिः (instrumental plural)
दिवे (dative singular)
द्यवे (dative singular)
द्युभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्युभ्यः (dative plural)
दिवः (ablative singular)
द्योः (ablative singular)
द्युभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्युभ्यः (ablative plural)
दिवः (genitive singular)
द्योः (genitive singular)
द्यवोः (dual genitive)
दिवोः (dual genitive)
दिवाम् (genitive plural)
द्यवाम् (genitive plural)
दिवि (locative singular)
द्यवि (locative singular)
द्यवोः (dual locative)
दिवोः (dual locative)
द्युषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun-m

द्यावा, द्यावौ, दिवौ

द्यावा, द्यावौ, दिवौ

द्यावा, द्यावौ, दिवौ

द्यवोः, दिवोः

द्यवोः, दिवोः

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dyā́wṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dyā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (“sky, heaven”). Cognate with Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús), Latin diēs, Hittite 𒅆𒍑 (sius).


श्रुति

śrúti (romanization)
श्रुतिः (nominative singular)
श्रुती (dual nominative)
श्रुतयः (nominative plural)
श्रुते (singular vocative)
श्रुती (dual vocative)
श्रुतयः (plural vocative)
श्रुतिम् (accusative singular)
श्रुती (accusative dual)
श्रुतीः (accusative plural)
श्रुत्या (instrumental singular)
श्रुती1 (instrumental singular)
श्रुतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्रुतिभिः (instrumental plural)
श्रुतये (dative singular)
श्रुत्यै2 (dative singular)
श्रुती1 (dative singular)
श्रुतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्रुतिभ्यः (dative plural)
श्रुतेः (ablative singular)
श्रुत्याः2 (ablative singular)
श्रुत्यै3 (ablative singular)
श्रुतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्रुतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्रुतेः (genitive singular)
श्रुत्याः2 (genitive singular)
श्रुत्यै3 (genitive singular)
श्रुत्योः (dual genitive)
श्रुतीनाम् (genitive plural)
श्रुतौ (locative singular)
श्रुत्याम्2 (locative singular)
श्रुता1 (locative singular)
श्रुत्योः (dual locative)
श्रुतिषु (locative plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-
Sanskrit श्रु (śru)
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Sanskrit -ति (-ti)
Sanskrit श्रुति (śruti)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćrútiš, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlú-ti-s, from *ḱlew- (“to hear”). Cognate with Old English hlūd (whence English loud), Lithuanian klausa, Proto-Slavic *sluxъ (whence Polish słuch, Russian слух (slux), Old Church Slavonic слоухъ (sluxŭ) (Glagolitic spelling ⱄⰾⱆⱈⱏ (sluxŭ)), Bulgarian слух (sluh)). Equivalent to श्रु (śru) + -ति (-ti).

etymon

(music) a particular division of the octave, a quarter tone or interval (twenty-two of these are enumerated, four constituting a major tone, three a minor, and two a semitone; they are said to be personified as nymphs)


मुद्रा

mudrā́ (romanization)
मुद्रा (nominative singular)
मुद्रे (dual nominative)
मुद्राः (nominative plural)
मुद्रे (singular vocative)
मुद्रे (dual vocative)
मुद्राः (plural vocative)
मुद्राम् (accusative singular)
मुद्रे (accusative dual)
मुद्राः (accusative plural)
मुद्रया (instrumental singular)
मुद्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मुद्राभिः (instrumental plural)
मुद्रायै (dative singular)
मुद्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
मुद्राभ्यः (dative plural)
मुद्रायाः (ablative singular)
मुद्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मुद्राभ्यः (ablative plural)
मुद्रायाः (genitive singular)
मुद्रयोः (dual genitive)
मुद्राणाम् (genitive plural)
मुद्रायाम् (locative singular)
मुद्रयोः (dual locative)
मुद्रासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of मुद्रा

मुद्राभ्याम्

मुद्राभ्याम्

मुद्राभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मुद्राभ्याम्

मुद्राभ्याम्

मुद्राभ्याम्

Assamese: মুদ্ৰা (mudra)

Bengali: মুদ্রা (mudra)

Hindi: मुद्रा (mudrā)

Konkani: मुद्रा (mudrā)

Marathi: मुद्रा (mudrā)

Nepali: मुद्रा (mudrā)

Odia: ମୁଦ୍ରା (mudrā)

Pali: muddā

Punjabi: ਮੁੱਦਰਾ (muddarā)

Tamil: முத்திரை (muttirai)

Telugu: ముద్ర (mudra)

Burmese: မုဒြာ (mu.dra)

Possibly an Iranian borrowing, from Proto-Iranian *mudrā, possibly ultimately from Akkadian 𒈬𒊬 (mušarû, “object bearing a royal inscription”), from Sumerian 𒈬𒊬 (mu-sar /musar/), from 𒈬 (mu, “name, fame”) + 𒊬 (sar, “to write”).
Or, if from मुद्र (mudrá, “joyous, glad”), then related to माद्यति (mādyati, “to rejoice, revel, be drunk, intoxicated”).

der

(music) a dance accordant with tradition


पाद

pā́da (romanization)
पादः (nominative singular)
पादौ (dual nominative)
पादा1 (dual nominative)
पादाः (nominative plural)
पादासः1 (nominative plural)
पाद (singular vocative)
पादौ (dual vocative)
पादा1 (dual vocative)
पादाः (plural vocative)
पादासः1 (plural vocative)
पादम् (accusative singular)
पादौ (accusative dual)
पादा1 (accusative dual)
पादान् (accusative plural)
पादेन (instrumental singular)
पादाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पादैः (instrumental plural)
पादेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पादाय (dative singular)
पादाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पादेभ्यः (dative plural)
पादात् (ablative singular)
पादाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पादेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पादस्य (genitive singular)
पादयोः (dual genitive)
पादानाम् (genitive plural)
पादे (locative singular)
पादयोः (dual locative)
पादेषु (locative plural)

→ Old Javanese: pāda

Formed from पादम् (pādam), the accusative singular of पद् (pád, “foot”).

a ray or beam of light (considered as the foot of a heavenly body)


रोचते

sa-verb

रोचते • (rócate) third-singular indicative (class 1, type A, root रुच्)

rócate (romanization)
रुच् (root)
ráucatai (Vedic)
रोचते (present)
रोचते (indicative singular third-person)
रोचेते (dual indicative third-person)
रोचन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
रोचसे (indicative second-person singular)
रोचेथे (dual indicative second-person)
रोचध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
रोचे (first-person indicative singular)
रोचावहे (dual first-person indicative)
रोचामहे (first-person indicative plural)
रोचताम् (imperative singular third-person)
रोचेताम् (dual imperative third-person)
रोचन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
रोचस्व (imperative second-person singular)
रोचेथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
रोचध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
रोचै (first-person imperative singular)
रोचावहै (dual first-person imperative)
रोचामहै (first-person imperative plural)
रोचेत (imperative singular third-person)
रोचेयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
रोचेरन् (imperative plural third-person)
रोचेथाः (imperative second-person singular)
रोचेयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
रोचेध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
रोचेय (first-person imperative singular)
रोचेवहि (dual first-person imperative)
रोचेमहि (first-person imperative plural)
रोचाते (singular subjunctive third-person)
रोचातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
रोचैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
रोचन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
रोचान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
रोचासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
रोचासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
रोचैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
रोचाध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
रोचै (first-person singular subjunctive)
रोचावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
रोचामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
रोचमान (participle)
अरोचत (imperfect)
अरोचत (indicative singular third-person)
अरोचेताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अरोचन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अरोचथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अरोचेथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अरोचध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अरोचे (first-person indicative singular)
अरोचावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अरोचामहि (first-person indicative plural)

/ˈɾoː.t͡ɕɐ.t̪eː/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ráwćatay, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ráwčatay, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“white, light, bright”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬗𐬀𐬥𐬙- (raocant-, “shining”), 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬗𐬀𐬵 (raocah, “light”), Ancient Greek λευκός (leukós), Latin lūx, Old English lēoht (whence English light).

inh

to shine, be bright or radiant or resplendent

(causative) to enlighten, illuminate, make bright

(causative) to cause any one (accusative) to long for anything (dative)

(causative) to find pleasure in, like, approve, deem anything right (+ accusative or infinitive)


तन्यति

sa-verb

तन्यति • (tanyati) third-singular indicative (class 4, type P, root तन्)

tanyati (romanization)
तन् (root)
तन्यति (present)
तन्यते (present)
तन्यति (active indicative singular third-person)
तन्यतः (active dual indicative third-person)
तन्यन्ति (active indicative plural third-person)
तन्यते (indicative singular third-person)
तन्येते (dual indicative third-person)
तन्यन्ते (indicative plural third-person)
तन्यसि (active indicative second-person singular)
तन्यथः (active dual indicative second-person)
तन्यथ (active indicative plural second-person)
तन्यसे (indicative second-person singular)
तन्येथे (dual indicative second-person)
तन्यध्वे (indicative plural second-person)
तन्यामि (active first-person indicative singular)
तन्यावः (active dual first-person indicative)
तन्यामः (active first-person indicative plural)
तन्यामसि1 (active first-person indicative plural)
तन्ये (first-person indicative singular)
तन्यावहे (dual first-person indicative)
तन्यामहे (first-person indicative plural)
तन्यतु (active imperative singular third-person)
तन्यताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
तन्यन्तु (active imperative plural third-person)
तन्यताम् (imperative singular third-person)
तन्येताम् (dual imperative third-person)
तन्यन्ताम् (imperative plural third-person)
तन्य (active imperative second-person singular)
तन्यतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
तन्यत (active imperative plural second-person)
तन्यस्व (imperative second-person singular)
तन्येथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
तन्यध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
तन्यानि (active first-person imperative singular)
तन्याव (active dual first-person imperative)
तन्याम (active first-person imperative plural)
तन्यै (first-person imperative singular)
तन्यावहै (dual first-person imperative)
तन्यामहै (first-person imperative plural)
तन्येत् (active imperative singular third-person)
तन्येताम् (active dual imperative third-person)
तन्येयुः (active imperative plural third-person)
तन्येत (imperative singular third-person)
तन्येयाताम् (dual imperative third-person)
तन्येरन् (imperative plural third-person)
तन्येः (active imperative second-person singular)
तन्येतम् (active dual imperative second-person)
तन्येत (active imperative plural second-person)
तन्येथाः (imperative second-person singular)
तन्येयाथाम् (dual imperative second-person)
तन्येध्वम् (imperative plural second-person)
तन्येयम् (active first-person imperative singular)
तन्येव (active dual first-person imperative)
तन्येम (active first-person imperative plural)
तन्येय (first-person imperative singular)
तन्येवहि (dual first-person imperative)
तन्येमहि (first-person imperative plural)
तन्यात् (active singular subjunctive third-person)
तन्याति (active singular subjunctive third-person)
तन्यातः (active dual subjunctive third-person)
तन्यान् (active plural subjunctive third-person)
तन्याते (singular subjunctive third-person)
तन्यातै (singular subjunctive third-person)
तन्यैते (dual subjunctive third-person)
तन्यन्त (plural subjunctive third-person)
तन्यान्तै (plural subjunctive third-person)
तन्याः (active second-person singular subjunctive)
तन्यासि (active second-person singular subjunctive)
तन्याथः (active dual second-person subjunctive)
तन्याथ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
तन्यासे (second-person singular subjunctive)
तन्यासै (second-person singular subjunctive)
तन्यैथे (dual second-person subjunctive)
तन्याध्वै (plural second-person subjunctive)
तन्यानि (active first-person singular subjunctive)
तन्याव (active dual first-person subjunctive)
तन्याम (active first-person plural subjunctive)
तन्यै (first-person singular subjunctive)
तन्यावहै (dual first-person subjunctive)
तन्यामहै (first-person plural subjunctive)
तन्यत् (active participle)
तन्यमान (participle)
अतन्यत् (imperfect)
अतन्यत (imperfect)
अतन्यत् (active indicative singular third-person)
अतन्यताम् (active dual indicative third-person)
अतन्यन् (active indicative plural third-person)
अतन्यत (indicative singular third-person)
अतन्येताम् (dual indicative third-person)
अतन्यन्त (indicative plural third-person)
अतन्यः (active indicative second-person singular)
अतन्यतम् (active dual indicative second-person)
अतन्यत (active indicative plural second-person)
अतन्यथाः (indicative second-person singular)
अतन्येथाम् (dual indicative second-person)
अतन्यध्वम् (indicative plural second-person)
अतन्यम् (active first-person indicative singular)
अतन्याव (active dual first-person indicative)
अतन्याम (active first-person indicative plural)
अतन्ये (first-person indicative singular)
अतन्यावहि (dual first-person indicative)
अतन्यामहि (first-person indicative plural)


सिन्धु

síndhu (romanization)
सिन्धुः (nominative singular)
सिन्धू (dual nominative)
सिन्धवः (nominative plural)
सिन्धो (singular vocative)
सिन्धू (dual vocative)
सिन्धवः (plural vocative)
सिन्धुम् (accusative singular)
सिन्धू (accusative dual)
सिन्धून् (accusative plural)
सिन्धुना (instrumental singular)
सिन्ध्वा1 (instrumental singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिन्धुभिः (instrumental plural)
सिन्धवे (dative singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिन्धुभ्यः (dative plural)
सिन्धोः (ablative singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिन्धुभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिन्धोः (genitive singular)
सिन्ध्वोः (dual genitive)
सिन्धूनाम् (genitive plural)
सिन्धौ (locative singular)
सिन्ध्वोः (dual locative)
सिन्धुषु (locative plural)
सिन्धुः (nominative singular)
सिन्धू (dual nominative)
सिन्धवः (nominative plural)
सिन्धो (singular vocative)
सिन्धू (dual vocative)
सिन्धवः (plural vocative)
सिन्धुम् (accusative singular)
सिन्धू (accusative dual)
सिन्धूः (accusative plural)
सिन्ध्वा (instrumental singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिन्धुभिः (instrumental plural)
सिन्धवे (dative singular)
सिन्ध्वै1 (dative singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिन्धुभ्यः (dative plural)
सिन्धोः (ablative singular)
सिन्ध्वाः1 (ablative singular)
सिन्ध्वै2 (ablative singular)
सिन्धुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिन्धुभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिन्धोः (genitive singular)
सिन्ध्वाः1 (genitive singular)
सिन्ध्वै2 (genitive singular)
सिन्ध्वोः (dual genitive)
सिन्धूनाम् (genitive plural)
सिन्धौ (locative singular)
सिन्ध्वाम्1 (locative singular)
सिन्ध्वोः (dual locative)
सिन्धुषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: সিন্ধু (śindhu) (learned)

→ Burmese: သိန္ဓု (sindhu.) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: सिंधु (sindhu)

Urdu: سِنْدھ (sindh)

→ Telugu: సింధు (sindhu) (learned)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *síndʰuṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *síndʰuš, possibly borrowed from the BMAC substrate. Alternatively, from सेधति (sédhati, “to go, move”), but that does not explain the voiced nasal.

inh+

(music) a particular राग (rāga) (Saṃgītas.)


केतु

ketú (romanization)
केतुः (nominative singular)
केतू (dual nominative)
केतवः (nominative plural)
केतो (singular vocative)
केतू (dual vocative)
केतवः (plural vocative)
केतुम् (accusative singular)
केतू (accusative dual)
केतून् (accusative plural)
केतुना (instrumental singular)
केत्वा1 (instrumental singular)
केतुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
केतुभिः (instrumental plural)
केतवे (dative singular)
केत्वे1 (dative singular)
केतुभ्याम् (dative dual)
केतुभ्यः (dative plural)
केतोः (ablative singular)
केत्वः1 (ablative singular)
केतुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
केतुभ्यः (ablative plural)
केतोः (genitive singular)
केत्वः1 (genitive singular)
केत्वोः (dual genitive)
केतूनाम् (genitive plural)
केतौ (locative singular)
केत्वोः (dual locative)
केतुषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: কেতু (ketu)

→ Burmese: ကိတ် (kit)

→ Chinese: 計都／计都

→ Vietnamese: Kế Đô

→ Gujarati: કેતુ (ketu)

→ Hindi: केतु (ketu)

→ Indonesian: Ketu

→ Kannada: ಕೇತು (kētu)

→ Khmer: កេតុ (keetoʼ)

→ Punjabi: ਕੇਤੂ (ketū, “comet, meteor”)

→ Marathi: केतू (ketū)

→ Tamil: கேது (kētu)

→ Telugu: కేతు (kētu)

→ Thai: เกตุ (gèet)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kaytúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kaytúš, from Proto-Indo-European *koyt-ú-s, from *keyt- (“bright, burning”), whence also चित्र (citrá).


मुरली

muralī (romanization)
मुरली (nominative singular)
मुरल्यौ (dual nominative)
मुरल्यः (nominative plural)
मुरलि (singular vocative)
मुरल्यौ (dual vocative)
मुरल्यः (plural vocative)
मुरलीम् (accusative singular)
मुरल्यौ (accusative dual)
मुरलीः (accusative plural)
मुरल्या (instrumental singular)
मुरलीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मुरलीभिः (instrumental plural)
मुरल्यै (dative singular)
मुरलीभ्याम् (dative dual)
मुरलीभ्यः (dative plural)
मुरल्याः (ablative singular)
मुरलीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मुरलीभ्यः (ablative plural)
मुरल्याः (genitive singular)
मुरल्योः (dual genitive)
मुरलीनाम् (genitive plural)
मुरल्याम् (locative singular)
मुरल्योः (dual locative)
मुरलीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of मुरली

desc

Assamese: মুৰুৰী (mururi), মুৰুলী (muruli)

Bengali: মুরলি (murli), মুরলী (murli)

Hindi: murlī

Hindi: मुरली

Urdu: مُرْلِی

Urdu: مُرْلِی

Nepali: मुरलि (murali)

Punjabi: murliyu

Gurmukhi script: ਮੁਰਲੀ

Shahmukhi script: مُرْلِی

Sindhi: murlī

Arabic script: مُرلِيُ

Devanagari script: मुर्लियु

→ Tamil: முரளி (muraḷi)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *mur. Cognate to Sanskrit मुरज (muraja). Compare Tamil முரல் (mural), Telugu మొరయు (morayu).


वेणु

veṇú (romanization)
वेणुः (nominative singular)
वेणू (dual nominative)
वेणवः (nominative plural)
वेणो (singular vocative)
वेणू (dual vocative)
वेणवः (plural vocative)
वेणुम् (accusative singular)
वेणू (accusative dual)
वेणून् (accusative plural)
वेणुना (instrumental singular)
वेणुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वेणुभिः (instrumental plural)
वेणवे (dative singular)
वेणुभ्याम् (dative dual)
वेणुभ्यः (dative plural)
वेणोः (ablative singular)
वेणुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वेणुभ्यः (ablative plural)
वेणोः (genitive singular)
वेण्वोः (dual genitive)
वेणूनाम् (genitive plural)
वेणौ (locative singular)
वेण्वोः (dual locative)
वेणुषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine u-stem declension of वेणु

Pali: veṇu (“bamboo (in compounds)”)

Prakrit: 𑀯𑁂𑀡𑀼 (veṇu)

Southern:

Dhivehi: އޮނު (onu, “bamboo, flute”)

Sinhalese: උණ (uṇa, “bamboo”)

Eastern:

desc

Odia: ବେଣୁଆ (beṇuā, “a slender species of bamboo”)

Central:

Gujarati: વેણ (veṇ, “flute”)

Hindi: बेन (ben, “reed, bamboo, pipe”)

Compare the cognates listed at Ancient Greek αὐλός (aulós, “pipe-shaped instrument”).


काल

kāla (romanization)
कालः (nominative singular)
कालौ (dual nominative)
काला1 (dual nominative)
कालाः (nominative plural)
कालासः1 (nominative plural)
काल (singular vocative)
कालौ (dual vocative)
काला1 (dual vocative)
कालाः (plural vocative)
कालासः1 (plural vocative)
कालम् (accusative singular)
कालौ (accusative dual)
काला1 (accusative dual)
कालान् (accusative plural)
कालेन (instrumental singular)
कालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कालैः (instrumental plural)
कालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कालाय (dative singular)
कालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कालेभ्यः (dative plural)
कालात् (ablative singular)
कालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कालस्य (genitive singular)
कालयोः (dual genitive)
कालानाम् (genitive plural)
काले (locative singular)
कालयोः (dual locative)
कालेषु (locative plural)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).


रुधिर

rudhirá (romanization)
रुधिरः (nominative singular)
रुधिरौ (dual nominative)
रुधिरा1 (dual nominative)
रुधिराः (nominative plural)
रुधिरासः1 (nominative plural)
रुधिर (singular vocative)
रुधिरौ (dual vocative)
रुधिरा1 (dual vocative)
रुधिराः (plural vocative)
रुधिरासः1 (plural vocative)
रुधिरम् (accusative singular)
रुधिरौ (accusative dual)
रुधिरा1 (accusative dual)
रुधिरान् (accusative plural)
रुधिरेण (instrumental singular)
रुधिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रुधिरैः (instrumental plural)
रुधिरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रुधिराय (dative singular)
रुधिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
रुधिरेभ्यः (dative plural)
रुधिरात् (ablative singular)
रुधिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रुधिरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रुधिरस्य (genitive singular)
रुधिरयोः (dual genitive)
रुधिराणाम् (genitive plural)
रुधिरे (locative singular)
रुधिरयोः (dual locative)
रुधिरेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hrudʰrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrudʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰrós (“red”), from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬙𐬀- (raoⁱδita-), Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós) Latin ruber, Tocharian A rtär, Tocharian B ratre, Old Church Slavonic рудъ (rudŭ), Lithuanian raúdas, Old English rēad (whence English red).
The epenthesis of -i- from expected *rudhrá is due to influence by रुधिक्रा (rudhikrā́).


रक्त

rakta (romanization)
रक्तः (nominative singular)
रक्तौ (dual nominative)
रक्ता1 (dual nominative)
रक्ताः (nominative plural)
रक्तासः1 (nominative plural)
रक्त (singular vocative)
रक्तौ (dual vocative)
रक्ता1 (dual vocative)
रक्ताः (plural vocative)
रक्तासः1 (plural vocative)
रक्तम् (accusative singular)
रक्तौ (accusative dual)
रक्ता1 (accusative dual)
रक्तान् (accusative plural)
रक्तेन (instrumental singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रक्तैः (instrumental plural)
रक्तेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रक्ताय (dative singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (dative dual)
रक्तेभ्यः (dative plural)
रक्तात् (ablative singular)
रक्ताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रक्तेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रक्तस्य (genitive singular)
रक्तयोः (dual genitive)
रक्तानाम् (genitive plural)
रक्ते (locative singular)
रक्तयोः (dual locative)
रक्तेषु (locative plural)

From the root verb रञ्ज् (rañj, “to redden”), from Proto-Indo-European *reg- (“to dye”). Cognate with Persian رخش (raxš), Sogdian [script needed] (rɣš- /raxš/, “Rakhsh”), Khwarezmian rxtk (raxtak, “red”), Mazanderani رش (raš, “red (of cattle)”), Northern Kurdish reş (“black”).

name of a plant:
Rubia munjista L. (Indian madder)


करण

karaṇa (romanization)
करणः (nominative singular)
करणौ (dual nominative)
करणा1 (dual nominative)
करणाः (nominative plural)
करणासः1 (nominative plural)
करण (singular vocative)
करणौ (dual vocative)
करणा1 (dual vocative)
करणाः (plural vocative)
करणासः1 (plural vocative)
करणम् (accusative singular)
करणौ (accusative dual)
करणा1 (accusative dual)
करणान् (accusative plural)
करणेन (instrumental singular)
करणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
करणैः (instrumental plural)
करणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
करणाय (dative singular)
करणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
करणेभ्यः (dative plural)
करणात् (ablative singular)
करणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
करणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
करणस्य (genitive singular)
करणयोः (dual genitive)
करणानाम् (genitive plural)
करणे (locative singular)
करणयोः (dual locative)
करणेषु (locative plural)

desctree

→ Arabic: كَرَّانِيّ (karrāniyy)
→ Swahili: karani
→ Kikuyu: karani
→ Malagasy:

→ Malay: kerani / کراني, Malay: kerana

Indonesian: kerani

→ Tagalog: kawaní

→ Tamil: கிரானி (kirāṉi)

Derived from the root कृ (kṛ) + -अन (-ana).


श्याम

śyāmá (romanization)
श्यै (root)
श्यामः (nominative singular)
श्यामौ (dual nominative)
श्यामा1 (dual nominative)
श्यामाः (nominative plural)
श्यामासः1 (nominative plural)
श्याम (singular vocative)
श्यामौ (dual vocative)
श्यामा1 (dual vocative)
श्यामाः (plural vocative)
श्यामासः1 (plural vocative)
श्यामम् (accusative singular)
श्यामौ (accusative dual)
श्यामा1 (accusative dual)
श्यामान् (accusative plural)
श्यामेन (instrumental singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्यामैः (instrumental plural)
श्यामेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्यामाय (dative singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्यामेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्यामात् (ablative singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्यामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्यामस्य (genitive singular)
श्यामयोः (dual genitive)
श्यामानाम् (genitive plural)
श्यामे (locative singular)
श्यामयोः (dual locative)
श्यामेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”), from *(s)ḱeh₃- (“darkness, shadow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”), Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”). Compare also श्याव (śyāvá, “dark-brown, brown, dark-coloured, dark”). Historically connected with the root श्यै (śyai, “to freeze”).

inh

(music) a particular राग (rāga) (Saṃgīt.)


श्याम

sa-adj

श्याम • (śyāmá) stem

śyāmá (romanization)
श्यामः (nominative singular)
श्यामौ (dual nominative)
श्यामा1 (dual nominative)
श्यामाः (nominative plural)
श्यामासः1 (nominative plural)
श्याम (singular vocative)
श्यामौ (dual vocative)
श्यामा1 (dual vocative)
श्यामाः (plural vocative)
श्यामासः1 (plural vocative)
श्यामम् (accusative singular)
श्यामौ (accusative dual)
श्यामा1 (accusative dual)
श्यामान् (accusative plural)
श्यामेन (instrumental singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्यामैः (instrumental plural)
श्यामेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्यामाय (dative singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्यामेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्यामात् (ablative singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्यामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्यामस्य (genitive singular)
श्यामयोः (dual genitive)
श्यामानाम् (genitive plural)
श्यामे (locative singular)
श्यामयोः (dual locative)
श्यामेषु (locative plural)
श्यामा (nominative singular)
श्यामे (dual nominative)
श्यामाः (nominative plural)
श्यामे (singular vocative)
श्यामे (dual vocative)
श्यामाः (plural vocative)
श्यामाम् (accusative singular)
श्यामे (accusative dual)
श्यामाः (accusative plural)
श्यामया (instrumental singular)
श्यामा1 (instrumental singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्यामाभिः (instrumental plural)
श्यामायै (dative singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्यामाभ्यः (dative plural)
श्यामायाः (ablative singular)
श्यामायै2 (ablative singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्यामाभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्यामायाः (genitive singular)
श्यामायै2 (genitive singular)
श्यामयोः (dual genitive)
श्यामानाम् (genitive plural)
श्यामायाम् (locative singular)
श्यामयोः (dual locative)
श्यामासु (locative plural)
श्यामम् (nominative singular)
श्यामे (dual nominative)
श्यामानि (nominative plural)
श्यामा1 (nominative plural)
श्याम (singular vocative)
श्यामे (dual vocative)
श्यामानि (plural vocative)
श्यामा1 (plural vocative)
श्यामम् (accusative singular)
श्यामे (accusative dual)
श्यामानि (accusative plural)
श्यामा1 (accusative plural)
श्यामेन (instrumental singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्यामैः (instrumental plural)
श्यामेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्यामाय (dative singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्यामेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्यामात् (ablative singular)
श्यामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्यामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्यामस्य (genitive singular)
श्यामयोः (dual genitive)
श्यामानाम् (genitive plural)
श्यामे (locative singular)
श्यामयोः (dual locative)
श्यामेषु (locative plural)

Pali: sāma

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀫 (sāma)

Gujarati: સામ (sām)

→ Gujarati: શ્યામ (śyām) (learned)

→ Hindi: श्याम (śyām) (learned)

श्यामश्च त्वा मा शबलश्च प्रेषितौ यमस्य यौ पथिरक्षी श्वानौ ।

c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 8.1.9

Let neither the black dog or the brown dog seize thee; those two warders of the way sent forth by Yama.

śyāmaśca tvā mā śabalaśca preṣitau yamasya yau pathirakṣī śvānau.

black, dark-coloured, dark blue or brown or grey or green, sable, having a dark or swarthy complexion (considered a mark of beauty)


रजस्

rájas (romanization)
रजः (nominative singular)
रजसी (dual nominative)
रजांसि (nominative plural)
रजः (singular vocative)
रजसी (dual vocative)
रजांसि (plural vocative)
रजः (accusative singular)
रजसी (accusative dual)
रजांसि (accusative plural)
रजसा (instrumental singular)
रजोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रजोभिः (instrumental plural)
रजसे (dative singular)
रजोभ्याम् (dative dual)
रजोभ्यः (dative plural)
रजसः (ablative singular)
रजोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रजोभ्यः (ablative plural)
रजसः (genitive singular)
रजसोः (dual genitive)
रजसाम् (genitive plural)
रजसि (locative singular)
रजसोः (dual locative)
रजःसु (locative plural)

/ˈɾɐ.d͡ʑɐs̪/

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁régʷos (“darkness”). Cognate with Ancient Greek Ἔρεβος (Érebos, personification of darkness), Gothic 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐍃 (riqis, “darkness”).


डमरु

ḍamaru (romanization)
डमरुः (nominative singular)
डमरू (dual nominative)
डमरवः (nominative plural)
डमरो (singular vocative)
डमरू (dual vocative)
डमरवः (plural vocative)
डमरुम् (accusative singular)
डमरू (accusative dual)
डमरून् (accusative plural)
डमरुणा (instrumental singular)
डमर्वा1 (instrumental singular)
डमरुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
डमरुभिः (instrumental plural)
डमरवे (dative singular)
डमर्वे1 (dative singular)
डमरुभ्याम् (dative dual)
डमरुभ्यः (dative plural)
डमरोः (ablative singular)
डमर्वः1 (ablative singular)
डमरुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
डमरुभ्यः (ablative plural)
डमरोः (genitive singular)
डमर्वः1 (genitive singular)
डमर्वोः (dual genitive)
डमरूणाम् (genitive plural)
डमरौ (locative singular)
डमर्वोः (dual locative)
डमरुषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀟𑀩𑀭𑀼𑀅 (ḍabarua)

Northern:

Kumaoni: डौंर (ḍaũr), डौंरु (ḍaũru)

Northwestern:

Punjabi: ḍaurū

Gurmukhi script: ਡੌਰੂ

Shahmukhi script: ڈَوْرُو

Southern:

desc

Marathi: डौर (ḍaur), डवरा (ḍavrā), डौरी (ḍaurī)

Assamese: ডম্বৰু (domboru)

Bengali: ডমরু (ḍomru)

Gujarati: ડમરુ (ḍamru)

Hindustani: ḍamrū

Hindi: डमरू (ḍamrū)

Urdu: ڈَمَرُو (ḍamarū)

Marathi: डमरु (ḍamru)

Nepali: डम्बरु (ḍambaru), डमरु (ḍamaru)

Odia: ଡମ୍ବରୁ (ḍambaru), ଡମରୁ (ḍamaru)

(music) a sacred drum, shaped like an hourglass, used by the god Shiva and by Buddhist mendicant monks for a musical accompaniment in chanting


कपि

kapi (romanization)
कपिः (nominative singular)
कपी (dual nominative)
कपयः (nominative plural)
कपे (singular vocative)
कपी (dual vocative)
कपयः (plural vocative)
कपिम् (accusative singular)
कपी (accusative dual)
कपीन् (accusative plural)
कपिना (instrumental singular)
कप्या1 (instrumental singular)
कपिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कपिभिः (instrumental plural)
कपये (dative singular)
कपिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कपिभ्यः (dative plural)
कपेः (ablative singular)
कप्यः1 (ablative singular)
कपिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कपिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कपेः (genitive singular)
कप्यः1 (genitive singular)
कप्योः (dual genitive)
कपीनाम् (genitive plural)
कपौ (locative singular)
कपा1 (locative singular)
कप्योः (dual locative)
कपिषु (locative plural)

Pali: kapi

A foreign Wanderwort, likely borrowed from a western substrate. The same Wanderwort may be reflected in Hebrew קוֹף (qōf), Akkadian uqūpu, Egyptian gfj, Middle Persian [script needed] (kpyk' /kabīg/), Ancient Greek κῆπος (kêpos, “long-tailed monkey”), and Proto-Germanic *apô (“ape, monkey”).


वाण

vāṇá (romanization)
वाणः (nominative singular)
वाणौ (dual nominative)
वाणा1 (dual nominative)
वाणाः (nominative plural)
वाणासः1 (nominative plural)
वाण (singular vocative)
वाणौ (dual vocative)
वाणा1 (dual vocative)
वाणाः (plural vocative)
वाणासः1 (plural vocative)
वाणम् (accusative singular)
वाणौ (accusative dual)
वाणा1 (accusative dual)
वाणान् (accusative plural)
वाणेन (instrumental singular)
वाणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाणैः (instrumental plural)
वाणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वाणाय (dative singular)
वाणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाणेभ्यः (dative plural)
वाणात् (ablative singular)
वाणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाणस्य (genitive singular)
वाणयोः (dual genitive)
वाणानाम् (genitive plural)
वाणे (locative singular)
वाणयोः (dual locative)
वाणेषु (locative plural)

Of unclear origin.
Müller connects the word to Proto-Iranian *vāna-ka-, reflected in Persian بانگ (bâng, “voice, noise”). However, the Persian term is likely derived from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs (“voice, speech”), whence वाच् (vāc, “speech”), while वाण (vāṇa) is not easily derivable from that root.
Turner's attempt to link the word to Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- (“to speak, say”) is formally unconvincing. Mayrhofer also rejects connections to वण् (vaṇ, “to sound”) and leaves the origin of the latter open.
Alternatively, Kuiper takes the word as a Munda borrowing.
Whether or not the "arrow" meaning is a semantic extension of the "noise" meaning or a phonetic variant of बाण (bāṇa, “arrow”) is uncertain.

der

(music) a harp with 100 strings (TS., Br., ŚrS.)


मध्यम

madhyama (romanization)
मध्यमः (nominative singular)
मध्यमौ (dual nominative)
मध्यमाः (nominative plural)
मध्यम (singular vocative)
मध्यमौ (dual vocative)
मध्यमाः (plural vocative)
मध्यमम् (accusative singular)
मध्यमौ (accusative dual)
मध्यमान् (accusative plural)
मध्यमेन (instrumental singular)
मध्यमाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मध्यमैः (instrumental plural)
मध्यमाय (dative singular)
मध्यमाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मध्यमेभ्यः (dative plural)
मध्यमात् (ablative singular)
मध्यमाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मध्यमेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मध्यमस्य (genitive singular)
मध्यमयोः (dual genitive)
मध्यमानाम् (genitive plural)
मध्यमे (locative singular)
मध्यमयोः (dual locative)
मध्यमेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of मध्यम

मध्यमाभ्याम्

मध्यमाभ्याम्

मध्यमाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

मध्यमाभ्याम्

मध्यमाभ्याम्

मध्यमाभ्याम्

(music) the fourth or fifth note (Saṃgīt.)

(music) second of the three scales (Saṃgīt.)

(music) a particular melodic formula (Saṃgīt.)


स्वर्

svàr (romanization)
स्वः (nominative singular)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (huuar), Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios), Latin sōl, Persian خور (xvar), English sun. Doublet of हेलि (heli).


स्वर्

c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata


वंश

vaṃśá (romanization)
वंशः (nominative singular)
वंशौ (dual nominative)
वंशा1 (dual nominative)
वंशाः (nominative plural)
वंशासः1 (nominative plural)
वंश (singular vocative)
वंशौ (dual vocative)
वंशा1 (dual vocative)
वंशाः (plural vocative)
वंशासः1 (plural vocative)
वंशम् (accusative singular)
वंशौ (accusative dual)
वंशा1 (accusative dual)
वंशान् (accusative plural)
वंशेन (instrumental singular)
वंशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वंशैः (instrumental plural)
वंशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वंशाय (dative singular)
वंशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वंशेभ्यः (dative plural)
वंशात् (ablative singular)
वंशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वंशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वंशस्य (genitive singular)
वंशयोः (dual genitive)
वंशानाम् (genitive plural)
वंशे (locative singular)
वंशयोः (dual locative)
वंशेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalami: بانش (bǟ˜š)

Kalasha: baš

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: বাঁহ (bãh)

Bengali: বাঁশ (bãś)

Odia: ବାଉଁଶ (bāũśa)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀁𑀲 (vaṃsa)

Konkani: वासो (vāsô)

Paisaci Prakrit:

desc

Punjabi: ਬਾਂਸ (bāns), ਬੰਸ (bans), ਵੰਸ (vans)

Pali: vaṃsa

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀁𑀲 (vaṃsa)

Gujarati: વાંસ (vā̃s)

Hindi: बाँस (bā̃s)

desctree

Urdu: بانس (bāṉs)
→ Pashto: باڼس (bāṇs)
→ Persian:
Dari: بَانْس (bāns), بَانْگْس (bāngs)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *wanćás
Sanskrit वंश (vaṃśa)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wanćás (“bamboo; ceiling beam”). Cognate with Wakhi was (“ceiling beam”), Shughni вис (vis, “main roof-beam”).


पिण्ड

píṇḍa (romanization)
पिण्डः (nominative singular)
पिण्डौ (dual nominative)
पिण्डा1 (dual nominative)
पिण्डाः (nominative plural)
पिण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
पिण्ड (singular vocative)
पिण्डौ (dual vocative)
पिण्डा1 (dual vocative)
पिण्डाः (plural vocative)
पिण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
पिण्डम् (accusative singular)
पिण्डौ (accusative dual)
पिण्डा1 (accusative dual)
पिण्डान् (accusative plural)
पिण्डेन (instrumental singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पिण्डैः (instrumental plural)
पिण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पिण्डाय (dative singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पिण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
पिण्डात् (ablative singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पिण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पिण्डस्य (genitive singular)
पिण्डयोः (dual genitive)
पिण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
पिण्डे (locative singular)
पिण्डयोः (dual locative)
पिण्डेषु (locative plural)
पिण्डम् (nominative singular)
पिण्डे (dual nominative)
पिण्डानि (nominative plural)
पिण्डा1 (nominative plural)
पिण्ड (singular vocative)
पिण्डे (dual vocative)
पिण्डानि (plural vocative)
पिण्डा1 (plural vocative)
पिण्डम् (accusative singular)
पिण्डे (accusative dual)
पिण्डानि (accusative plural)
पिण्डा1 (accusative plural)
पिण्डेन (instrumental singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
पिण्डैः (instrumental plural)
पिण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
पिण्डाय (dative singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
पिण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
पिण्डात् (ablative singular)
पिण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
पिण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
पिण्डस्य (genitive singular)
पिण्डयोः (dual genitive)
पिण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
पिण्डे (locative singular)
पिण्डयोः (dual locative)
पिण्डेषु (locative plural)

Romani: punro, pinro, pirro

→ Khotanese: piṇḍaa- (“lump”)

→ Iranian:

desc

→ Old Armenian: պինդ (pind, “firm, dense, tight, strong”)

Due to the diverse phonetic variation in the word's relatives in modern Indo-Aryan, Turner considers the word to be borrowed from Dravidian (compare Tamil பிழி (piḻi, “squeeze”), Tamil பிண்டம் (piṇṭam, “what is squeezed”) from past *piẓi-nt- ‘squeeze’).


गौड

gauḍa (romanization)
गौडम् (nominative singular)
गौडे (dual nominative)
गौडानि (nominative plural)
गौड (singular vocative)
गौडे (dual vocative)
गौडानि (plural vocative)
गौडम् (accusative singular)
गौडे (accusative dual)
गौडानि (accusative plural)
गौडेन (instrumental singular)
गौडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गौडैः (instrumental plural)
गौडाय (dative singular)
गौडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गौडेभ्यः (dative plural)
गौडात् (ablative singular)
गौडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गौडेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गौडस्य (genitive singular)
गौडयोः (dual genitive)
गौडानाम् (genitive plural)
गौडे (locative singular)
गौडयोः (dual locative)
गौडेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">गौड</i>

Bengali: গৌড় (gōuṛ)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀟𑁆𑀟 (goḍḍa)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: गोड (gōḍ)

Kannada script: ಗೋಡ (gōḍ)

Latin script: goud

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: गोड (goḍa)

Modi script: 𑘐𑘻𑘚 (goḍa)

⇒ English: Gaudian

→ Telugu: గౌడ (gauḍa)

(music) a particular modification of a melody


रूपक

rūpaka (romanization)
रूपकः (nominative singular)
रूपकौ (dual nominative)
रूपकाः (nominative plural)
रूपक (singular vocative)
रूपकौ (dual vocative)
रूपकाः (plural vocative)
रूपकम् (accusative singular)
रूपकौ (accusative dual)
रूपकान् (accusative plural)
रूपकेण (instrumental singular)
रूपकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रूपकैः (instrumental plural)
रूपकाय (dative singular)
रूपकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रूपकेभ्यः (dative plural)
रूपकात् (ablative singular)
रूपकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रूपकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रूपकस्य (genitive singular)
रूपकयोः (dual genitive)
रूपकाणाम् (genitive plural)
रूपके (locative singular)
रूपकयोः (dual locative)
रूपकेषु (locative plural)

Masculine a-stem declension of रूपक


नान्दी

nāndī (romanization)
नान्दी (nominative singular)
नान्द्यौ (dual nominative)
नान्दी1 (dual nominative)
नान्द्यः (nominative plural)
नान्दीः1 (nominative plural)
नान्दि (singular vocative)
नान्द्यौ (dual vocative)
नान्दी1 (dual vocative)
नान्द्यः (plural vocative)
नान्दीः1 (plural vocative)
नान्दीम् (accusative singular)
नान्द्यौ (accusative dual)
नान्दी1 (accusative dual)
नान्दीः (accusative plural)
नान्द्या (instrumental singular)
नान्दीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नान्दीभिः (instrumental plural)
नान्द्यै (dative singular)
नान्दीभ्याम् (dative dual)
नान्दीभ्यः (dative plural)
नान्द्याः (ablative singular)
नान्द्यै2 (ablative singular)
नान्दीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नान्दीभ्यः (ablative plural)
नान्द्याः (genitive singular)
नान्द्यै2 (genitive singular)
नान्द्योः (dual genitive)
नान्दीनाम् (genitive plural)
नान्द्याम् (locative singular)
नान्द्योः (dual locative)
नान्दीषु (locative plural)

/ˈn̪ɑːn̪.d̪iː/

Vṛddhi derivative of नन्दि (nandi), from the root नन्द् (nand, “to rejoice”).


संगीतशाला

sa-noun

संगीतशाला • (saṃgītaśālā) stem, f

saṃgītaśālā (romanization)
संगीतशाला (nominative singular)
संगीतशाले (dual nominative)
संगीतशालाः (nominative plural)
संगीतशाले (singular vocative)
संगीतशाले (dual vocative)
संगीतशालाः (plural vocative)
संगीतशालाम् (accusative singular)
संगीतशाले (accusative dual)
संगीतशालाः (accusative plural)
संगीतशालया (instrumental singular)
संगीतशालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
संगीतशालाभिः (instrumental plural)
संगीतशालायै (dative singular)
संगीतशालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
संगीतशालाभ्यः (dative plural)
संगीतशालायाः (ablative singular)
संगीतशालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
संगीतशालाभ्यः (ablative plural)
संगीतशालायाः (genitive singular)
संगीतशालयोः (dual genitive)
संगीतशालानाम् (genitive plural)
संगीतशालायाम् (locative singular)
संगीतशालयोः (dual locative)
संगीतशालासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of संगीतशाला

संगीतशालाभ्याम्

संगीतशालाभिः

संगीतशालाभ्याम्

संगीतशालाभ्यः

संगीतशालायाः

संगीतशालाभ्याम्

संगीतशालाभ्यः

संगीतशालायाः

संगीतशालानाम्

संगीतशालायाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

संगीतशालायाः

संगीतशालाभ्याम्

संगीतशालाभिः

संगीतशालाभ्याम्

संगीतशालाभ्यः

संगीतशालायाः

संगीतशालाभ्याम्

संगीतशालाभ्यः

संगीतशालायाः

संगीतशालानाम्

संगीतशालायाम्

From संगीत (saṃgīta, “music”) + शाला (śālā, “building, room”).


हरित्

harít (romanization)
हरित् (nominative singular)
हरितौ (dual nominative)
हरिता1 (dual nominative)
हरितः (nominative plural)
हरित् (singular vocative)
हरितौ (dual vocative)
हरिता1 (dual vocative)
हरितः (plural vocative)
हरितम् (accusative singular)
हरितौ (accusative dual)
हरिता1 (accusative dual)
हरितः (accusative plural)
हरिता (instrumental singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हरिद्भिः (instrumental plural)
हरिते (dative singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
हरिद्भ्यः (dative plural)
हरितः (ablative singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
हरिद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
हरितः (genitive singular)
हरितोः (dual genitive)
हरिताम् (genitive plural)
हरिति (locative singular)
हरितोः (dual locative)
हरित्सु (locative plural)
हरित् (nominative singular)
हरितौ (dual nominative)
हरिता1 (dual nominative)
हरितः (nominative plural)
हरित् (singular vocative)
हरितौ (dual vocative)
हरिता1 (dual vocative)
हरितः (plural vocative)
हरितम् (accusative singular)
हरितौ (accusative dual)
हरिता1 (accusative dual)
हरितः (accusative plural)
हरिता (instrumental singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हरिद्भिः (instrumental plural)
हरिते (dative singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
हरिद्भ्यः (dative plural)
हरितः (ablative singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
हरिद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
हरितः (genitive singular)
हरितोः (dual genitive)
हरिताम् (genitive plural)
हरिति (locative singular)
हरितोः (dual locative)
हरित्सु (locative plural)
हरित् (nominative singular)
हरिती (dual nominative)
हरिन्ति (nominative plural)
हरित् (singular vocative)
हरिती (dual vocative)
हरिन्ति (plural vocative)
हरित् (accusative singular)
हरिती (accusative dual)
हरिन्ति (accusative plural)
हरिता (instrumental singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हरिद्भिः (instrumental plural)
हरिते (dative singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
हरिद्भ्यः (dative plural)
हरितः (ablative singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
हरिद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
हरितः (genitive singular)
हरितोः (dual genitive)
हरिताम् (genitive plural)
हरिति (locative singular)
हरितोः (dual locative)
हरित्सु (locative plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-
Proto-Indo-European *-is
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰárHiš
Sanskrit हरि (hari)
Sanskrit हरित् (harit)
From हरि (hári, “yellow, green”); see there for more.

etymon

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


हेलि

heli (romanization)
हेलिः (nominative singular)
हेली (dual nominative)
हेलयः (nominative plural)
हेले (singular vocative)
हेली (dual vocative)
हेलयः (plural vocative)
हेलिम् (accusative singular)
हेली (accusative dual)
हेलीन् (accusative plural)
हेलिना (instrumental singular)
हेल्या1 (instrumental singular)
हेलिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हेलिभिः (instrumental plural)
हेलये (dative singular)
हेलिभ्याम् (dative dual)
हेलिभ्यः (dative plural)
हेलेः (ablative singular)
हेल्यः1 (ablative singular)
हेलिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हेलिभ्यः (ablative plural)
हेलेः (genitive singular)
हेल्यः1 (genitive singular)
हेल्योः (dual genitive)
हेलीनाम् (genitive plural)
हेलौ (locative singular)
हेला1 (locative singular)
हेल्योः (dual locative)
हेलिषु (locative plural)

Marathi: हेलि (heli)

Odia: ହେଳୀ (heḷi)

→ Telugu: హేళి (hēḷi)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios). Doublet of स्वर् (svár).


विजय

vijayá (romanization)
विजयः (nominative singular)
विजयौ (dual nominative)
विजया1 (dual nominative)
विजयाः (nominative plural)
विजयासः1 (nominative plural)
विजय (singular vocative)
विजयौ (dual vocative)
विजया1 (dual vocative)
विजयाः (plural vocative)
विजयासः1 (plural vocative)
विजयम् (accusative singular)
विजयौ (accusative dual)
विजया1 (accusative dual)
विजयान् (accusative plural)
विजयेन (instrumental singular)
विजयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विजयैः (instrumental plural)
विजयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
विजयाय (dative singular)
विजयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
विजयेभ्यः (dative plural)
विजयात् (ablative singular)
विजयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विजयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विजयस्य (genitive singular)
विजययोः (dual genitive)
विजयानाम् (genitive plural)
विजये (locative singular)
विजययोः (dual locative)
विजयेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Pali: vijaya
→ Burmese: ဝိဇယ (wi.ja.ya.)
→ Thai: วิชัย (wí-chai)

→ Malay: wijaya

→ Old Javanese: wijaya
Javanese: ꦮꦶꦗꦪ (wijaya)
→ Indonesian: Widjaja, Widjojo, Wijaya, Wijoyo
→ Balinese: ᬯᬶᬚᬬ (wijaya)

Compound of वि- (vi-) + जय (jayá, “victory”).


रङ्ग

raṅga (romanization)
रङ्गः (nominative singular)
रङ्गौ (dual nominative)
रङ्गा1 (dual nominative)
रङ्गाः (nominative plural)
रङ्गासः1 (nominative plural)
रङ्ग (singular vocative)
रङ्गौ (dual vocative)
रङ्गा1 (dual vocative)
रङ्गाः (plural vocative)
रङ्गासः1 (plural vocative)
रङ्गम् (accusative singular)
रङ्गौ (accusative dual)
रङ्गा1 (accusative dual)
रङ्गान् (accusative plural)
रङ्गेण (instrumental singular)
रङ्गाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रङ्गैः (instrumental plural)
रङ्गेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रङ्गाय (dative singular)
रङ्गाभ्याम् (dative dual)
रङ्गेभ्यः (dative plural)
रङ्गात् (ablative singular)
रङ्गाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रङ्गेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रङ्गस्य (genitive singular)
रङ्गयोः (dual genitive)
रङ्गाणाम् (genitive plural)
रङ्गे (locative singular)
रङ्गयोः (dual locative)
रङ्गेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: ৰাং (raṅ), Assamese: ৰঙা (roṅa)

→ Assamese: ৰঙ্গ (roṅgo)

desc

Bengali: রং (roṅ), রঙ (roṅ), রাঙা (raṅa)

→ Early Assamese: ৰঙ্গ (roṅgo)

→ Assamese: ৰং (roṅ)

Bhojpuri: रंग (raṅg)

Marwari: रंग (raṅg)

Rohingya: rong

Hindi: रंग (raṅg)

Old Gujarati: रंग (raṃga)

Gujarati: રંગ (raṅg)

Magahi: 𑂩𑂑𑂹𑂏 (raṅg)

Marathi: रंग (raṅga)

Odia: ରଙ୍ଗ (raṅga)

Pali: ranga

Punjabi: ਰੰਗ (raṅg)

→ Tamil: ரங்கு (raṅku), ரங்கம் (raṅkam), அரங்கு (araṅku), அரங்கம் (araṅkam)

→ Telugu: రంగు (raṅgu)

Sylheti: ꠞꠣꠋꠉꠣ (raṅga)

Bishnupriya Manipuri: রাঙা (raṅa)

Chakma: 𑄒𑄊 (ragha), 𑄢𑄋 (raṅa)

Derived from the root रञ्ज् (rañj), which is from Proto-Indo-European *reg- (“to dye”). Cognate with Persian رنگ (rang).


खण्ड

Of non-Indo-European, probably Dravidian origin; compare Tamil கண்டு (kaṇṭu, “hard candy”), கண்டம் (kaṇṭam, “piece, part”), Tamil கட்டு (kaṭṭu, “to harden, condense”), Tamil கண்டி (kaṇṭi, “to cut”). Watkins instead suggests a borrowing from Munda.