महाराष्ट्र

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महाराष्ट्र • (mahārā́ṣṭra) stem, n (feminine महाराष्ट्री)

mahārā́ṣṭra (romanization)
महाराष्ट्र ी (feminine)

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀭𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀞 (marahaṭṭha) (see there for further descendants)

→ Assamese: মহাৰাষ্ট্ৰ (moharastro)

→ Bengali: মহারাষ্ট্র (moharaśṭro)

→ Gujarati: મહારાષ્ટ્ર (mahārāṣṭra)

→ Hindustani:

desctree

Hindi: महाराष्ट्र (mahārāṣṭra)
→? Dhivehi: މަހާރާޝްތުރާ (mahārāšturā)
→? Thai: มหาราษฏระ (má-hǎa-râat-sà-dtà-rá)

desc

Urdu: مَہاراشْٹَر (mahārāśṭar)

Urdu: مَہاراشْٹَر (mahārāśṭar)

→ Kannada: ಮಹಾರಾಷ್ಟ್ರ (mahārāṣṭra)

→ Malayalam: മഹാരാഷ്ട്ര (mahārāṣṭra)

→ Newar: महाराष्ट्र (mahārāṣṭra)

→ Newar: महाराष्ट्र (mahārāṣṭra)

→ Old Marathi: mahārāṣṭra

Devanagari script: महाराष्ट्र

Modi script: 𑘦𑘮𑘰𑘨𑘰𑘬𑘿𑘘𑘿𑘨

→ Punjabi: mahārāśṭar

Gurmukhi script: ਮਹਾਰਾਸ਼ਟਰ

Shahmukhi script: مَہاراشْٹَر

மகாராட்டிரம்

→? Tamil: மகாராட்டிரம் (makārāṭṭiram)

→? Tamil: மகாராட்டிரம் (makārāṭṭiram)

→ Telugu: మహారాష్ట్ర (mahārāṣṭra)

→ Telugu: మహారాష్ట్ర (mahārāṣṭra)

/mɐ.ɦɑː.ɾɑːʂ.ʈɾɐ/

/mɐ.ɦɑː.ɾɑːʂ.ʈɾɐ/

Uncertain. Possibly from महा- (mahā-), combining form of महत् (mahat, “great”) + राष्ट्र (rāṣṭra, “nation, dominion; Rashtrakuta”), a dynasty that once ruled the area), a clan known as राष्ट्रिक (rāṣṭrika) (found in some of King Ashoka’s inscriptions) or रथ (ratha, “chariot”). Possibly, the original name was associated with the Sanskrit word for “nation” or “dominion” via folk etymology.


कर्णाटक

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कर्णाटक • (karṇāṭaka)

karṇāṭaka (romanization)
कर्णाट (alternative)

Bengali: কর্ণাটক (kornaṭok), কর্নাটক (kornaṭok)

/kɐɾ.ɳɑː.ʈɐ.kɐ/

/kɐɾ.ɳɑː.ʈɐ.kɐ/

Borrowed from Old Kannada ಕರ್ನಾಟ (karnāṭa).


अजर्बैजान

/ɐ.d͡ʑɐɾ.bɑj.d͡ʑɑː.n̪ɐ/

(New Sanskrit) Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus in Asia and Europe)


नेपाल

nepāla (romanization)
नेपालः (nominative singular)
नेपालम् (accusative singular)
नेपालेन (instrumental singular)
नेपालाय (dative singular)
नेपालात् (ablative singular)
नेपालस्य (genitive singular)
नेपाले (locative singular)
नेपाल (singular vocative)

→ Bengali: নেপাল (nepal)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: नेपाल (nepāl)

desctree

Urdu: نیپال (nepāl)
→ Arabic: نِيبَال (nēpāl, nībāl)
→ Dari: نیپَال (nēpāl)
→ Pashto: نیپال

→ Nepali: नेपाल (nepāl)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਨੇਪਾਲ (nepāl)

Shahmukhi script: نیپال (nepāl)

→ Sindhi: نيپال

Sometimes explained as a Sanskritization of Prakrit 𑀡𑁂𑀯𑀸𑀮 (ṇevāla), compare Newar नेवाः (newā:, “Newar”). Others regard the Sanskrit form as older. Perhaps ultimately of Sino-Tibetan origin. More on Wikipedia.
Popular etymologies derive it from compounds like ने (ne, “a chief”) + पाल (pāla, “protector”).

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Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


मठ

maṭha (romanization)
मठः (nominative singular)
मठौ (dual nominative)
मठाः (nominative plural)
मठम् (accusative singular)
मठौ (accusative dual)
मठान् (accusative plural)
मठेन (instrumental singular)
मठाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मठैः (instrumental plural)
मठाय (dative singular)
मठाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मठेभ्यः (dative plural)
मठात् (ablative singular)
मठाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मठेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मठस्य (genitive singular)
मठयोः (dual genitive)
मठानाम् (genitive plural)
मठे (locative singular)
मठयोः (dual locative)
मठेषु (locative plural)
मठ (singular vocative)
मठौ (dual vocative)
मठाः (plural vocative)

→? Tamil: மடம் (maṭam)

→ Telugu: మఠము (maṭhamu)


जापान

jāpāna (romanization)
जापानः (nominative singular)
जापानम् (accusative singular)
जापानेन (instrumental singular)
जापानाय (dative singular)
जापानात् (ablative singular)
जापानस्य (genitive singular)
जापाने (locative singular)
जापान (singular vocative)

/d͡ʑɑː.pɑː.n̪ɐ/

Etymology tree
Hokkien 日本 /Ji̍t-púnbor.
Malay Jepangbor.
Portuguese Japãobor.
Malay Jepangbor.
Dutch Japanbor.
English Japanbor.
Hindi जापान (jāpān)bor.
Sanskrit जापान (jāpāna)
Borrowed from Hindi जापान (jāpān), from English Japan.

etymon

(New Sanskrit) Japan (a country and archipelago of East Asia)


गङ्गा

gaṅgā (romanization)
गङ्गा (nominative singular)
गङ्गाम् (accusative singular)
गङ्गया (instrumental singular)
गङ्गा1 (instrumental singular)
गङ्गायै (dative singular)
गङ्गायाः (ablative singular)
गङ्गायै2 (ablative singular)
गङ्गायाः (genitive singular)
गङ्गायै2 (genitive singular)
गङ्गायाम् (locative singular)
गङ्गे (singular vocative)
गंगा (alternative)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀕𑀁𑀕𑀸 (gaṃgā)

Old Awadhi: 𑂏𑂰𑂀𑂏 (gām̐ga)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Early Assamese: গাঙ্গ (gaṅgo)

Assamese: গাং (gaṅ)

Bengali: গাং (gaṅ)

Chakma: 𑄉𑄧𑄋 (gaṅā)

Sylheti: ꠉꠣꠋ (gaṅ)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀁𑀕𑀸 (gaṅgā)

Old Marathi: 𑘐𑘽𑘐𑘰 (gaṅgā)

Marathi: गंगा (gaṅgā)

Pali: gaṅgā

→ Burmese: ဂင်္ဂါ (gangga)

→ Khmer: គង្គា (kŭəngkiə)

→ Lao: ກັງກາ (kang kā)

→ Thai: คงคา (kong-kaa)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Γάγγης (Gángēs)
Greek: Γάγγης (Gángis)
→ Latin: Gangēs
→ English: Ganges
French: Gange
→ Arabic: الْغَانْج (al-ḡānj)
→ Iranian Persian: گانْژ (gânž)
→ Turkish: Ganj
Italian: Gange
→ Polish: Ganges
Portuguese: Ganges
Spanish: Ganges
→ Old Armenian: Գանգէս (Gangēs)

→ Assamese: গংগা (goṅga)

→ Bengali: গঙ্গা (goṅga)

→ Czech: Ganga

→ Dhivehi: ގަންގާ (gan̊gā)

→ Gujarati: ગંગા (gaṅgā)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: गंगा (gaṅgā)

Urdu: گَن٘گا (gaṅgā)

→ Kannada: ಗಂಗಾ (gaṅgā)

→ Malayalam: ഗംഗ (gaṅga)

→ Middle Chinese: 恆伽 (MC hong gja)

Chinese: 恆伽 /恒伽 (Hénggā)

→ Japanese: 恒河 (こうが, kōga)

→ Korean: 항하 (hangha) (恒河)

→ Vietnamese: Hằng

→ Middle Persian:

Classical Persian: گَنْگ (gang)

Iranian Persian: گَنْگ (gang)

Tajik: Ганг (Gang)

→ Arabic: الْكَنْك (al-kank)

→ Ottoman Turkish: كنك (Geng)

Turkish: Geng

→ Old Javanese:

Javanese: ꦒꦁꦒ (gangga)

→ Old Tamil:

Tamil: கங்கை (kaṅkai)

→ Odia: ଗଙ୍ଗା (gaṅgā)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਗੰਗਾ (gaṅgā)

Shahmukhi script: گَن٘گا (gaṉgā)

→ Sindhi: گنگا

→ Sinhalese: ගංගා (gaṁgā)

→ Telugu: గంగ (gaṅga)

Probably from the root गम् (gam, “to go, move”), literally meaning "swift-goer". If a folk etymology, perhaps alternatively of substrate origin.


विहार

vihāra (romanization)
विहारः (nominative singular)
विहारौ (dual nominative)
विहारा1 (dual nominative)
विहाराः (nominative plural)
विहारासः1 (nominative plural)
विहारम् (accusative singular)
विहारौ (accusative dual)
विहारा1 (accusative dual)
विहारान् (accusative plural)
विहारेण (instrumental singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विहारैः (instrumental plural)
विहारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
विहाराय (dative singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
विहारेभ्यः (dative plural)
विहारात् (ablative singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विहारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विहारस्य (genitive singular)
विहारयोः (dual genitive)
विहाराणाम् (genitive plural)
विहारे (locative singular)
विहारयोः (dual locative)
विहारेषु (locative plural)
विहार (singular vocative)
विहारौ (dual vocative)
विहारा1 (dual vocative)
विहाराः (plural vocative)
विहारासः1 (plural vocative)

Bengali: বিহার (bihar)

Hindi: बिहार (bihār)

→ English: vihara

→ Burmese: ဝိဟာရ (wi.hara.)

→ Khmer: វិហារ (vihiə)

→ Javanese: ꦮꦶꦲꦫ (wihara)

→ Indonesian: wihara

→ Lao: ວິຫານ (wi hān)

→ Lü: ᦞᦲᦠᦱᧃ (viiḣaan)

→ Malay: biara

Indonesian: biara

→ Northern Thai: ᩅᩥᩉᩣ᩠ᩁ

Sinhalese: විහාර (wihāra)

→ Thai: วิหาร (wí-hǎan)

From वि- (vi-, suffix indicating distribution, opposition or arrangement) + हार (hāra, “bearing, carrying”, from हर (hara)).

af

from <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">हर</i> (hara)

(at the end of a compound) delighting in


मस्जिद

masjida (romanization)
मस्जिदः (nominative singular)
मस्जिदौ (dual nominative)
मस्जिदाः (nominative plural)
मस्जिदम् (accusative singular)
मस्जिदौ (accusative dual)
मस्जिदान् (accusative plural)
मस्जिदेन (instrumental singular)
मस्जिदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मस्जिदैः (instrumental plural)
मस्जिदाय (dative singular)
मस्जिदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मस्जिदेभ्यः (dative plural)
मस्जिदात् (ablative singular)
मस्जिदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मस्जिदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मस्जिदस्य (genitive singular)
मस्जिदयोः (dual genitive)
मस्जिदानाम् (genitive plural)
मस्जिदे (locative singular)
मस्जिदयोः (dual locative)
मस्जिदेषु (locative plural)
मस्जिद (singular vocative)
मस्जिदौ (dual vocative)
मस्जिदाः (plural vocative)
मस्जिदम् (nominative singular)
मस्जिदे (dual nominative)
मस्जिदानि (nominative plural)
मस्जिदम् (accusative singular)
मस्जिदे (accusative dual)
मस्जिदानि (accusative plural)
मस्जिदेन (instrumental singular)
मस्जिदाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मस्जिदैः (instrumental plural)
मस्जिदाय (dative singular)
मस्जिदाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मस्जिदेभ्यः (dative plural)
मस्जिदात् (ablative singular)
मस्जिदाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मस्जिदेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मस्जिदस्य (genitive singular)
मस्जिदयोः (dual genitive)
मस्जिदानाम् (genitive plural)
मस्जिदे (locative singular)
मस्जिदयोः (dual locative)
मस्जिदेषु (locative plural)
मस्जिद (singular vocative)
मस्जिदे (dual vocative)
मस्जिदानि (plural vocative)

From Hindustani مَسْجِد (masjid) / मस्जिद (masjid); see there for more.


ब्रह्मदेश

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ब्रह्मदेश • (brahmadeśa)

Myanmar, Burma (a country in Southeast Asia)


सिंहपुर

siṃhápura (romanization)
सिंहपुरम् (nominative singular)
सिंहपुरे (dual nominative)
सिंहपुराणि (nominative plural)
सिंहपुरा1 (nominative plural)
सिंहपुरम् (accusative singular)
सिंहपुरे (accusative dual)
सिंहपुराणि (accusative plural)
सिंहपुरा1 (accusative plural)
सिंहपुरेण (instrumental singular)
सिंहपुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सिंहपुरैः (instrumental plural)
सिंहपुरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सिंहपुराय (dative singular)
सिंहपुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
सिंहपुरेभ्यः (dative plural)
सिंहपुरात् (ablative singular)
सिंहपुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सिंहपुरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सिंहपुरस्य (genitive singular)
सिंहपुरयोः (dual genitive)
सिंहपुराणाम् (genitive plural)
सिंहपुरे (locative singular)
सिंहपुरयोः (dual locative)
सिंहपुरेषु (locative plural)
सिंहपुर (singular vocative)
सिंहपुरे (dual vocative)
सिंहपुराणि (plural vocative)
सिंहपुरा1 (plural vocative)

→ Malay: Singapura

→ English: Singapore

Compound of सिंह (siṃhá, “lion”) + पुर (pura, “city”).

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Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony and state of Malaysia (1963-1965))


वाराणसी

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वाराणसी • (vārāṇasī) stem, f

vārāṇasī (romanization)
वाराणसी (nominative singular)
वाराणसीम् (accusative singular)
वाराणस्या (instrumental singular)
वाराणस्यै (dative singular)
वाराणस्याः (ablative singular)
वाराणस्याः (genitive singular)
वाराणस्याम् (locative singular)
वाराणसि (singular vocative)
वारणसी (alternative)
वराणसी (alternative)
वाणारसी (alternative)

/ʋɑː.ɾɑː.ɳɐ.s̪iː/

Varanasi (a metropolis in Uttar Pradesh, India)


अयोध्या

ayodhyā (romanization)
अयोध्या (nominative singular)
अयोध्ये (dual nominative)
अयोध्याः (nominative plural)
अयोध्याम् (accusative singular)
अयोध्ये (accusative dual)
अयोध्याः (accusative plural)
अयोध्यया (instrumental singular)
अयोध्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अयोध्याभिः (instrumental plural)
अयोध्यायै (dative singular)
अयोध्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
अयोध्याभ्यः (dative plural)
अयोध्यायाः (ablative singular)
अयोध्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अयोध्याभ्यः (ablative plural)
अयोध्यायाः (genitive singular)
अयोध्ययोः (dual genitive)
अयोध्यानाम् (genitive plural)
अयोध्यायाम् (locative singular)
अयोध्ययोः (dual locative)
अयोध्यासु (locative plural)
अयोध्ये (singular vocative)
अयोध्ये (dual vocative)
अयोध्याः (plural vocative)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀑𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸 (aŏjjhā), 𑀅𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸 (aüjjhā), 𑀅𑀬𑁄𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸 (ayŏjjhā)

Borrowed terms

→ Bengali: অযোধ্যা (ojōddha) (learned)

→ Gujarati: અયોધ્યા (ayodhyā) (learned)

→ Hindi: अयोध्या (ayodhyā) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಅಯೋಧ್ಯೆ (ayōdhye)

→ Khmer: អយុធ្យា (ʼɑɑyuthyiə) (learned)

→ Malayalam: അയോദ്ധ്യ (ayōddhya), അയോധ്യ (ayōdhya)

→ Marathi: अयोध्या (ayodhyā) (learned)

→ Tamil: அயோத்தி (ayōtti)

→ Telugu: అయోధ్య (ayōdhya) (learned)

desctree

→ Thai: อยุธยา (à-yút-tá-yaa) (learned)
→ Burmese: အယုဓျာ (a.yu.dhya)
→ Burmese: ယိုးဒယား (yui:da.ya:)
→ Thai: โยดะยา (yoo-dà-yaa)

Compound of अयोध्य (ayodhya) + -आ (-ā, feminine suffix), literally “unsubduable citadel”.

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a city, the administrative headquarters of Ayodhya district, Uttar Pradesh, India, on the bank of the Sarayu river.


कश्मीर

kaśmīra (romanization)
कश्मीरः (nominative singular)
कश्मीरौ (dual nominative)
कश्मीरा1 (dual nominative)
कश्मीराः (nominative plural)
कश्मीरासः1 (nominative plural)
कश्मीरम् (accusative singular)
कश्मीरौ (accusative dual)
कश्मीरा1 (accusative dual)
कश्मीरान् (accusative plural)
कश्मीरेण (instrumental singular)
कश्मीराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कश्मीरैः (instrumental plural)
कश्मीरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कश्मीराय (dative singular)
कश्मीराभ्याम् (dative dual)
कश्मीरेभ्यः (dative plural)
कश्मीरात् (ablative singular)
कश्मीराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कश्मीरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कश्मीरस्य (genitive singular)
कश्मीरयोः (dual genitive)
कश्मीराणाम् (genitive plural)
कश्मीरे (locative singular)
कश्मीरयोः (dual locative)
कश्मीरेषु (locative plural)
कश्मीर (singular vocative)
कश्मीरौ (dual vocative)
कश्मीरा1 (dual vocative)
कश्मीराः (plural vocative)
कश्मीरासः1 (plural vocative)

Assamese: কাশ্মীৰ (kasmir)

Bengali: কাশ্মীর (kaśmir)

Hindustani:

Hindi: कश्मीर (kaśmīr)

Urdu: کشمیر (kaśmīr)

Kannada: ಕಾಶ್ಮೀರ (kāśmīra)

Kashmiri:

Sharada script: 𑆑𑇋𑆯𑆵𑆫

Devanagari script: कऺशीर (kạśīr)

Arabic script: کٔشیٖر (kạśīr)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ (kaśmīr)

Shahmukhi script: کشمیر (kaśmīr)

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Tamil: காஷ்மீர் (kāṣmīr)

Tamil: காஷ்மீர் (kāṣmīr)

Probably a contraction of कश्यपमीर (kaśyapamīra) or कश्यपमेरु (kaśyapameru).

Kashmir (a contested geographic region of South Asia in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, located between (and de facto divided between) India, Pakistan and China)


हस्तिनापुर

hastināpura (romanization)
हस्तिनापुरः (nominative singular)
हस्तिनापुरम् (accusative singular)
हस्तिनापुरेण (instrumental singular)
हस्तिनापुराय (dative singular)
हस्तिनापुरात् (ablative singular)
हस्तिनापुरस्य (genitive singular)
हस्तिनापुरे (locative singular)
हस्तिनापुर (singular vocative)

Compound of हस्तिना (hastinā, “elephants”) + पुर (pura, “city”).

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Hastinapura (a city in Meerut district, Uttar Pradesh, India)


मौर्य

maurya (romanization)
मौर्यः (nominative singular)
मौर्यौ (dual nominative)
मौर्या1 (dual nominative)
मौर्याः (nominative plural)
मौर्यासः1 (nominative plural)
मौर्यम् (accusative singular)
मौर्यौ (accusative dual)
मौर्या1 (accusative dual)
मौर्यान् (accusative plural)
मौर्येण (instrumental singular)
मौर्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मौर्यैः (instrumental plural)
मौर्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मौर्याय (dative singular)
मौर्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
मौर्येभ्यः (dative plural)
मौर्यात् (ablative singular)
मौर्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मौर्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
मौर्यस्य (genitive singular)
मौर्ययोः (dual genitive)
मौर्याणाम् (genitive plural)
मौर्ये (locative singular)
मौर्ययोः (dual locative)
मौर्येषु (locative plural)
मौर्य (singular vocative)
मौर्यौ (dual vocative)
मौर्या1 (dual vocative)
मौर्याः (plural vocative)
मौर्यासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Bhojpuri: मौर्य (maurya)

→ English: Maurya

→ Hindi: मौर्य (maurya)

→ Marathi: मौर्य (maurya)

→ Nepali: मौर्य (maurya)

Originally an adjective form of मयूर (mayū́ra, “peacock”)

Maurya, Mauryan Empire (an ancient empire in present-day India, Bangladesh and Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nepal)


भोट

bhoṭa (romanization)
भोटः (nominative singular)
भोटौ (dual nominative)
भोटाः (nominative plural)
भोटम् (accusative singular)
भोटौ (accusative dual)
भोटान् (accusative plural)
भोटेन (instrumental singular)
भोटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भोटैः (instrumental plural)
भोटाय (dative singular)
भोटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भोटेभ्यः (dative plural)
भोटात् (ablative singular)
भोटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भोटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भोटस्य (genitive singular)
भोटयोः (dual genitive)
भोटानाम् (genitive plural)
भोटे (locative singular)
भोटयोः (dual locative)
भोटेषु (locative plural)
भोट (singular vocative)
भोटौ (dual vocative)
भोटाः (plural vocative)

(New Sanskrit) Tibet (an autonomous region of China)


शूरसेन

śūraséna (romanization)
शूरसेनः (nominative singular)
शूरसेनौ (dual nominative)
शूरसेना1 (dual nominative)
शूरसेनाः (nominative plural)
शूरसेनासः1 (nominative plural)
शूरसेनम् (accusative singular)
शूरसेनौ (accusative dual)
शूरसेना1 (accusative dual)
शूरसेनान् (accusative plural)
शूरसेनेन (instrumental singular)
शूरसेनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शूरसेनैः (instrumental plural)
शूरसेनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शूरसेनाय (dative singular)
शूरसेनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शूरसेनेभ्यः (dative plural)
शूरसेनात् (ablative singular)
शूरसेनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शूरसेनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शूरसेनस्य (genitive singular)
शूरसेनयोः (dual genitive)
शूरसेनानाम् (genitive plural)
शूरसेने (locative singular)
शूरसेनयोः (dual locative)
शूरसेनेषु (locative plural)
शूरसेन (singular vocative)
शूरसेनौ (dual vocative)
शूरसेना1 (dual vocative)
शूरसेनाः (plural vocative)
शूरसेनासः1 (plural vocative)

Tatpuruṣa compound of शूर (śū́ra, “valiant”) + सेना (séna, “army”), literally “whose army is valiant”.

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an ancient region in modern Uttar Pradesh, India, corresponding to modern Braj and surrounding Mathura


तक्षशिला

takṣaśilā (romanization)
तक्षशिला (nominative singular)
तक्षशिलाम् (accusative singular)
तक्षशिलया (instrumental singular)
तक्षशिलायै (dative singular)
तक्षशिलायाः (ablative singular)
तक्षशिलायाः (genitive singular)
तक्षशिलायाम् (locative singular)
तक्षशिले (singular vocative)

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Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀢𑀔𑀲𑀺𑀮𑀸 (takhasilā /takkhasilā/)

Gandhari: 𐨟𐨐𐨿𐨮𐨭𐨁𐨫 (takṣaśila)

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Pali: Takkasilā
→ Burmese: တက္ကသိုလ် (takka.suil)
Pa'o Karen: တက္ကသိုလ်ႏ
→ Shan: တၵ်ႈၵသူဝ်ႇ (tāk kǎ sò) / တၵ်ႉၵသူဝ်ႇ (tâ̰k kǎ sò)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਤਕਸ਼ਿਲਾ (takśilā)

Shahmukhi script: ٹیکسلا (ṭekslā)

→ Ancient Greek: Τάξιλα (Táxila)

→ Latin: Taxila

→ English: Taxila

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→ Urdu: ٹیکسلا

→ Urdu: ٹیکسلا

→ Gujarati: તક્ષશિલા (takṣaśilā)

→ Hindi: तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā)

→ Maithili: तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā)

→ Marathi: तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā)

→ Nepali: तक्षशिला (takṣaśilā)

Compound of तक्ष (takṣa) + शिला (śilā, “stone”).

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Takshashila (an ancient city and archaeological site in the modern province of Punjab, Pakistan)

Taxila (a modern city in Rawalpindi district, Punjab, Pakistan)


कपिलवस्तु

kapilavastu (romanization)
कपिलवस्तुः (nominative singular)
कपिलवस्तुम् (accusative singular)
कपिलवस्तुना (instrumental singular)
कपिलवस्तवे (dative singular)
कपिलवस्तोः (ablative singular)
कपिलवस्तोः (genitive singular)
कपिलवस्तौ (locative singular)
कपिलवस्तो (singular vocative)

Compound of कपिल (kapila) + वस्तु (vastu, “place”).

Kapilavastu (a city, the administrative centre of Kapilavastu district, Lumbini, Nepal)


शर्मण्यदेश

śarmaṇyadeśa (romanization)
शर्मण्यदेशः (nominative singular)
शर्मण्यदेशौ (dual nominative)
शर्मण्यदेशाः (nominative plural)
शर्मण्यदेशम् (accusative singular)
शर्मण्यदेशौ (accusative dual)
शर्मण्यदेशान् (accusative plural)
शर्मण्यदेशेन (instrumental singular)
शर्मण्यदेशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शर्मण्यदेशैः (instrumental plural)
शर्मण्यदेशाय (dative singular)
शर्मण्यदेशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शर्मण्यदेशेभ्यः (dative plural)
शर्मण्यदेशात् (ablative singular)
शर्मण्यदेशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शर्मण्यदेशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शर्मण्यदेशस्य (genitive singular)
शर्मण्यदेशयोः (dual genitive)
शर्मण्यदेशानाम् (genitive plural)
शर्मण्यदेशे (locative singular)
शर्मण्यदेशयोः (dual locative)
शर्मण्यदेशेषु (locative plural)
शर्मण्यदेश (singular vocative)
शर्मण्यदेशौ (dual vocative)
शर्मण्यदेशाः (plural vocative)
शार्मण्यदेश (alternative)

/ɕɐɾ.mɐɳ.jɐ.d̪eː.ɕɐ/

From शर्मण्य (śarmaṇya, “German”) + देश (deśa, “country”).

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1940, Yajñeśvara Cimaṇṇa Bhaṭṭa, Ārya-vidyā Sudhākaraḥ [Compendium of Hindu Culture and Philosophy], Moti Lal Banarsi Dass:

(New Sanskrit) Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


पुष्कलावती

→ Bengali: পুষ্কলাবতী (puśkolaboti)

→ Hindi: पुष्कलावती (puṣkalāvatī)

→ Marathi: पुष्कलावती (puṣkalāvatī)

→ Urdu: پشکلاوتی (puṣkalāvatī)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa#English

Pushkalavati (the ancient capital of Gandhara kingdom, near Charsadda in modern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)


द्वारका

dvārakā (romanization)
द्वारका (nominative singular)
द्वारके (dual nominative)
द्वारकाः (nominative plural)
द्वारकाम् (accusative singular)
द्वारके (accusative dual)
द्वारकाः (accusative plural)
द्वारकया (instrumental singular)
द्वारकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्वारकाभिः (instrumental plural)
द्वारकायै (dative singular)
द्वारकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्वारकाभ्यः (dative plural)
द्वारकायाः (ablative singular)
द्वारकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्वारकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
द्वारकायाः (genitive singular)
द्वारकयोः (dual genitive)
द्वारकाणाम् (genitive plural)
द्वारकायाम् (locative singular)
द्वारकयोः (dual locative)
द्वारकासु (locative plural)
द्वारके (singular vocative)
द्वारके (dual vocative)
द्वारकाः (plural vocative)
द्वारका (nominative singular)
द्वारके (dual nominative)
द्वारकाः (nominative plural)
द्वारकाम् (accusative singular)
द्वारके (accusative dual)
द्वारकाः (accusative plural)
द्वारकया (instrumental singular)
द्वारकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
द्वारकाभिः (instrumental plural)
द्वारकायै (dative singular)
द्वारकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
द्वारकाभ्यः (dative plural)
द्वारकायाः (ablative singular)
द्वारकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
द्वारकाभ्यः (ablative plural)
द्वारकायाः (genitive singular)
द्वारकयोः (dual genitive)
द्वारकाणाम् (genitive plural)
द्वारकायाम् (locative singular)
द्वारकयोः (dual locative)
द्वारकासु (locative plural)
द्वारके (singular vocative)
द्वारके (dual vocative)
द्वारकाः (plural vocative)
द्वारिका (alternative)

→ Bhojpuri: द्वारका (dvārᵊkā)

→ English: Dwarka

→ Hindi: द्वारका (dvārkā)

→ Marathi: द्वारका (dvārkā)

→ Nepali: द्वारका (dwārkā)

/d̪ʋɑː.ɾɐ.kɑː/


लुम्बिनी

→ Bhojpuri: लुम्बिनी (lumbinī)

→ English: Lumbini

→ Hindi: लुम्बिनी (lumbinī)

→ Lao: ລຸມພິນີ (lum phi nī)

→ Marathi: लुम्बिनी (lumbinī)

→ Nepali: लुम्बिनी (lumbinī)

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→ Thai: ลุมพินี

→ Thai: ลุมพินี

Lumbini (a pilgrimage site in Rupandehi, Nepal); birth place of Buddha.


जाबालिपुर

jābālipura (romanization)
जाबालिपुरम् (nominative singular)
जाबालिपुरे (dual nominative)
जाबालिपुराणि (nominative plural)
जाबालिपुरा1 (nominative plural)
जाबालिपुरम् (accusative singular)
जाबालिपुरे (accusative dual)
जाबालिपुराणि (accusative plural)
जाबालिपुरा1 (accusative plural)
जाबालिपुरेण (instrumental singular)
जाबालिपुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जाबालिपुरैः (instrumental plural)
जाबालिपुरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
जाबालिपुराय (dative singular)
जाबालिपुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
जाबालिपुरेभ्यः (dative plural)
जाबालिपुरात् (ablative singular)
जाबालिपुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जाबालिपुरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जाबालिपुरस्य (genitive singular)
जाबालिपुरयोः (dual genitive)
जाबालिपुराणाम् (genitive plural)
जाबालिपुरे (locative singular)
जाबालिपुरयोः (dual locative)
जाबालिपुरेषु (locative plural)
जाबालिपुर (singular vocative)
जाबालिपुरे (dual vocative)
जाबालिपुराणि (plural vocative)
जाबालिपुरा1 (plural vocative)

→ Arabic: جَابَلْبُور (jābalbūr)

→ Bengali: জবলপুর (joblopur)

Chinese:

→ Mandarin: 賈巴爾普爾 /贾巴尔普尔 (Jiǎbā'ěrpǔ'ěr)

>? Hindustani:

Hindi: जबलपुर (jabalpur)

Urdu: جَبَل پُور (jabal pūr)

→ Japanese: ジャバルプル (Jabarupuru)

→ Polish: Jabalpur, Dżabalpur

→ Russian: Джабалпу́р (Džabalpúr)

→ Ukrainian: Джабалпу́р (Džabalpúr)

Compound of जाबालि (jābāli, “sage Jaabaali”) + पुर (pura, “town, city”).

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Jabalpur, Jubbulpore (a city in Madhya Pradesh, India), named after a Hindu saint & philosopher, who meditated on the banks of Narmada River.


लण्ड्र

laṇḍra (romanization)
लण्ड्रः (nominative singular)
लण्ड्रम् (accusative singular)
लण्ड्रेण (instrumental singular)
लण्ड्राय (dative singular)
लण्ड्रात् (ablative singular)
लण्ड्रस्य (genitive singular)
लण्ड्रे (locative singular)
लण्ड्र (singular vocative)

From French Londres, ultimately from Latin Londinium.

(New Sanskrit) London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; the capital city of England)


बाङ्गलादेश

sa-proper noun

बाङ्गलादेश • (bāṅgalādeśa) stem, m

bāṅgalādeśa (romanization)
बाङ्गलादेशः (nominative singular)
बाङ्गलादेशम् (accusative singular)
बाङ्गलादेशेन (instrumental singular)
बाङ्गलादेशाय (dative singular)
बाङ्गलादेशात् (ablative singular)
बाङ्गलादेशस्य (genitive singular)
बाङ्गलादेशे (locative singular)
बाङ्गलादेश (singular vocative)

/bɑːŋ.ɡɐ.l̪ɑː.d̪eː.ɕɐ/

Borrowed from Hindi बांग्लादेश (bāṅglādeś).

bor+

बाङ्ग्लादेशस्य कस्यचन अनामकवेः बङ्गभाषीयं काव्यं “सोनारबङ्गभूमे”ऽनूदितम्।

2001, Chandrabhushan Jha, दिल्लीस्था विंशशताब्दीयाः संस्कृत-रचनाकाराः [20ᵗʰ century Sanskrit authors of Delhi], New Delhi: Delhi Sanskrit Academy, →OCLC, page 81:

A poem in Bengali language “Sonārabaṅgabhūme”, of some anonymous poet of Bangladesh, is translated.

bāṅglādeśasya kasyacana anāmakaveḥ baṅgabhāṣīyaṃ kāvyaṃ “sonārabaṅgabhūme”ʼnūditam.

(New Sanskrit) Bangladesh (a country in South Asia)

sa:बाङ्गलादेश


सुराष्ट्र

sa-proper noun

सुराष्ट्र • (súrāṣṭra) stem, m

súrāṣṭra (romanization)
सुराष्ट्रः (nominative singular)
सुराष्ट्रौ (dual nominative)
सुराष्ट्रा1 (dual nominative)
सुराष्ट्राः (nominative plural)
सुराष्ट्रासः1 (nominative plural)
सुराष्ट्रम् (accusative singular)
सुराष्ट्रौ (accusative dual)
सुराष्ट्रा1 (accusative dual)
सुराष्ट्रान् (accusative plural)
सुराष्ट्रेण (instrumental singular)
सुराष्ट्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सुराष्ट्रैः (instrumental plural)
सुराष्ट्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सुराष्ट्राय (dative singular)
सुराष्ट्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
सुराष्ट्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
सुराष्ट्रात् (ablative singular)
सुराष्ट्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सुराष्ट्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सुराष्ट्रस्य (genitive singular)
सुराष्ट्रयोः (dual genitive)
सुराष्ट्राणाम् (genitive plural)
सुराष्ट्रे (locative singular)
सुराष्ट्रयोः (dual locative)
सुराष्ट्रेषु (locative plural)
सुराष्ट्र (singular vocative)
सुराष्ट्रौ (dual vocative)
सुराष्ट्रा1 (dual vocative)
सुराष्ट्राः (plural vocative)
सुराष्ट्रासः1 (plural vocative)

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀲𑀼𑀭𑀱𑁆𑀝 (*suraṣṭa)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀭𑀝𑁆𑀞 (suraṭṭha)

Gurjara Apabhramsa: सुरट्ठु (suraṭṭhu)

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→ Ancient Greek: Συραστρηνή (Surastrēnḗ)

→ Middle Chinese: 蘇剌佗 (MC su lat da|tha)

/sú.ɾɑːʂ.ʈɾɐ/

/s̪u.ɾɑːʂ.ʈɾɐ/

From सु- (su-, “good”) + राष्ट्र (rāṣṭra, “realm, dominion”).

af

An ancient Indian polity (janapada) located in the region.


भरुकच्छ

bharukaccha (romanization)
भरुकच्छः (nominative singular)
भरुकच्छौ (dual nominative)
भरुकच्छा1 (dual nominative)
भरुकच्छाः (nominative plural)
भरुकच्छासः1 (nominative plural)
भरुकच्छम् (accusative singular)
भरुकच्छौ (accusative dual)
भरुकच्छा1 (accusative dual)
भरुकच्छान् (accusative plural)
भरुकच्छेन (instrumental singular)
भरुकच्छाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
भरुकच्छैः (instrumental plural)
भरुकच्छेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
भरुकच्छाय (dative singular)
भरुकच्छाभ्याम् (dative dual)
भरुकच्छेभ्यः (dative plural)
भरुकच्छात् (ablative singular)
भरुकच्छाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
भरुकच्छेभ्यः (ablative plural)
भरुकच्छस्य (genitive singular)
भरुकच्छयोः (dual genitive)
भरुकच्छानाम् (genitive plural)
भरुकच्छे (locative singular)
भरुकच्छयोः (dual locative)
भरुकच्छेषु (locative plural)
भरुकच्छ (singular vocative)
भरुकच्छौ (dual vocative)
भरुकच्छा1 (dual vocative)
भरुकच्छाः (plural vocative)
भरुकच्छासः1 (plural vocative)
बृगुकच्छ (alternative)
मरुकच्छ (alternative)

desc

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀪𑀭𑀼𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀙 (*bharukaccha)

Prakrit: 𑀪𑀭𑀼𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙 (bharuaccha), *𑀪𑀭𑀼𑀕𑀘𑁆𑀙 (*bharugaccha)

Gujarati: ભરૂચ (bharūc)

→ Hindi: भरूच (bharūc)

→ English: Bharuch, Broach

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Βαρύγαζα (Barúgaza), Βαργοσα (Bargosa)
→ Latin: Barygaza

Pali: Bharukaccha

→⇒ Middle Chinese: 跋祿羯呫婆 (MC bat luwk kjot thep ba)

[bʱɐ.ɾu.kɐt̪̚.t͡ɕʰɐ]

Seemingly from भरु (bharu, “sea”) + कच्छ (kaccha, “shore”), but the first element may be non-Indic; compare the alternative form मरुकच्छ (marukaccha). The form भृगुकच्छ (bhṛgukaccha) is folk-etymological.

af

An ancient Indian polity (janapada) located near modern Bharuch.


ताम्रपर्णी

tāmraparṇī (romanization)
ताम्रपर्णी (nominative singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्यौ (dual nominative)
ताम्रपर्णी1 (dual nominative)
ताम्रपर्ण्यः (nominative plural)
ताम्रपर्णीः1 (nominative plural)
ताम्रपर्णीम् (accusative singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्यौ (accusative dual)
ताम्रपर्णी1 (accusative dual)
ताम्रपर्णीः (accusative plural)
ताम्रपर्ण्या (instrumental singular)
ताम्रपर्णीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ताम्रपर्णीभिः (instrumental plural)
ताम्रपर्ण्यै (dative singular)
ताम्रपर्णीभ्याम् (dative dual)
ताम्रपर्णीभ्यः (dative plural)
ताम्रपर्ण्याः (ablative singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्यै2 (ablative singular)
ताम्रपर्णीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ताम्रपर्णीभ्यः (ablative plural)
ताम्रपर्ण्याः (genitive singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्यै2 (genitive singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्योः (dual genitive)
ताम्रपर्णीनाम् (genitive plural)
ताम्रपर्ण्याम् (locative singular)
ताम्रपर्ण्योः (dual locative)
ताम्रपर्णीषु (locative plural)
ताम्रपर्णि (singular vocative)
ताम्रपर्ण्यौ (dual vocative)
ताम्रपर्णी1 (dual vocative)
ताम्रपर्ण्यः (plural vocative)
ताम्रपर्णीः1 (plural vocative)

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀢𑀁𑀩𑀧𑀁𑀦𑀺 (taṃbapaṃni), 𑀢𑀁𑀩𑀧𑀁𑀡𑀺 (taṃbapaṃṇi), 𑀢𑀁𑀩𑀧𑀡𑀺 (taṃbapaṇi)
→ Ancient Greek: Ταπροβάνη (Taprobánē), Ταπροβανᾶ (Taprobanâ), Ταπροβανῆ (Taprobanê)
→ Latin: Tāprobanē, Tāprobana
→ English: Taprobana (learned)
→ Portuguese: Taprobana (learned)
→ Old English: Deprobane

Pali: tambapaṇṇī

→ Sinhalese: තම්බපණ්ණිය (tambapaṇṇiya)

→ Tamil: தாமிரபரணி (tāmiraparaṇi)

→ English: Thamirabarani

/t̪ɑːm.ɾɐ.pɐɾ.ɳiː/

From ताम्र (tāmra, “copper”) + पर्ण (parṇa, “leaf”) + -ई (-ī).
Some suppose the "town in Sri Lanka" sense to be a hypercorrect form of *ताम्रवर्णी (tāmravarṇī, literally “copper-coloured”), but the Ashokan Prakrit forms make this problematic.

af

Thamirabarani (a river in Tamil Nadu, India)


केनडा

kenaḍā (romanization)
कनडा (alternative)

Borrowed from English Canada, from Laurentian kanata (“village, settlement”).

der

(New Sanskrit) Canada (a country in North America)


अमेरिकायाः संयुक्तराज्यानि

sa-proper noun

अमेरिकायाः संयुक्तराज्यानि • (amerikāyāḥ saṃyuktarājyāni) stem, n

/ɐ.meː.ɾi.kɑː.jɑːh s̪ɐ̃.juk.t̪ɐ.ɾɑːd͡ʑ.jɑː.n̪i/

[ɐ.meː.ɾi.kɑː.jɑːhɑ̆ s̪ɐ̃.juk̚.t̪ɐ.ɾɑːd͡ʑ.jɑː.n̪i]

Calque of English United States of America

calque

United States of America
United States of America#English

(New Sanskrit) United States of America (a country in North America)

sa:अमेरिकायाः संयुक्तराज्यानि

en-अमेरिकायाः_संयुक्तराज्यानि-sa-name-6DbKFMqU


इरावती

irāvatī (romanization)
इरावती (nominative singular)
इरावत्यौ (dual nominative)
इरावती1 (dual nominative)
इरावत्यः (nominative plural)
इरावतीः1 (nominative plural)
इरावतीम् (accusative singular)
इरावत्यौ (accusative dual)
इरावती1 (accusative dual)
इरावतीः (accusative plural)
इरावत्या (instrumental singular)
इरावतीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इरावतीभिः (instrumental plural)
इरावत्यै (dative singular)
इरावतीभ्याम् (dative dual)
इरावतीभ्यः (dative plural)
इरावत्याः (ablative singular)
इरावत्यै2 (ablative singular)
इरावतीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इरावतीभ्यः (ablative plural)
इरावत्याः (genitive singular)
इरावत्यै2 (genitive singular)
इरावत्योः (dual genitive)
इरावतीनाम् (genitive plural)
इरावत्याम् (locative singular)
इरावत्योः (dual locative)
इरावतीषु (locative plural)
इरावति (singular vocative)
इरावत्यौ (dual vocative)
इरावती1 (dual vocative)
इरावत्यः (plural vocative)
इरावतीः1 (plural vocative)

→ Burmese: ဧရာဝတီ (erawa.ti)

→ English: Irrawaddy

→ Khmer: ឥរាវតី (ʼiraavĕəʼtəy)

/í.ɾɑː.ʋɐ.tiː/

(geography) Ravi (a river in India and Pakistan)


ओड्रदेश

oḍradeśa (romanization)
ओड्रदेशः (nominative singular)
ओड्रदेशौ (dual nominative)
ओड्रदेशा1 (dual nominative)
ओड्रदेशाः (nominative plural)
ओड्रदेशासः1 (nominative plural)
ओड्रदेशम् (accusative singular)
ओड्रदेशौ (accusative dual)
ओड्रदेशा1 (accusative dual)
ओड्रदेशान् (accusative plural)
ओड्रदेशेन (instrumental singular)
ओड्रदेशाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ओड्रदेशैः (instrumental plural)
ओड्रदेशेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ओड्रदेशाय (dative singular)
ओड्रदेशाभ्याम् (dative dual)
ओड्रदेशेभ्यः (dative plural)
ओड्रदेशात् (ablative singular)
ओड्रदेशाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ओड्रदेशेभ्यः (ablative plural)
ओड्रदेशस्य (genitive singular)
ओड्रदेशयोः (dual genitive)
ओड्रदेशानाम् (genitive plural)
ओड्रदेशे (locative singular)
ओड्रदेशयोः (dual locative)
ओड्रदेशेषु (locative plural)
ओड्रदेश (singular vocative)
ओड्रदेशौ (dual vocative)
ओड्रदेशा1 (dual vocative)
ओड्रदेशाः (plural vocative)
ओड्रदेशासः1 (plural vocative)

Central:

Hindustani:

Hindi: उड़ीसा (uṛīsā)

Urdu: اڑیسہ (uṛīsā)

Eastern:

Bengali: উড়িষ্যা (uṛiśśa)

desc

Odia: ଓଡ଼ିଶା (oṛiśā)

Odia: ଓଡ଼ିଶା (oṛiśā)

/oːɖ.ɾɐ.d̪eː.ɕɐ/

Tatpuruṣa compound of ओड्र (oḍra) + देश (deśa).


प्रयज्ञ

prayajña (romanization)
प्रयज्ञः (nominative singular)
प्रयज्ञौ (dual nominative)
प्रयज्ञा1 (dual nominative)
प्रयज्ञाः (nominative plural)
प्रयज्ञासः1 (nominative plural)
प्रयज्ञम् (accusative singular)
प्रयज्ञौ (accusative dual)
प्रयज्ञा1 (accusative dual)
प्रयज्ञान् (accusative plural)
प्रयज्ञेन (instrumental singular)
प्रयज्ञाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्रयज्ञैः (instrumental plural)
प्रयज्ञेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
प्रयज्ञाय (dative singular)
प्रयज्ञाभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्रयज्ञेभ्यः (dative plural)
प्रयज्ञात् (ablative singular)
प्रयज्ञाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्रयज्ञेभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्रयज्ञस्य (genitive singular)
प्रयज्ञयोः (dual genitive)
प्रयज्ञानाम् (genitive plural)
प्रयज्ञे (locative singular)
प्रयज्ञयोः (dual locative)
प्रयज्ञेषु (locative plural)
प्रयज्ञ (singular vocative)
प्रयज्ञौ (dual vocative)
प्रयज्ञा1 (dual vocative)
प्रयज्ञाः (plural vocative)
प्रयज्ञासः1 (plural vocative)

→ Hindi: प्रयाग (prayāg)

/pɾɐ.jɐd͡ʑ.ɲɐ́/

/pɾɐ.jɐd͡ʑ.ɲɐ/

Compound of प्र- (pra-, “fore-”) + यज्ञ (yajñá, “offering”).

com+

Prayagraj (a city in Uttar Pradesh, India)


वितस्ता

vitástā (romanization)
वितस्ता (nominative singular)
वितस्ताम् (accusative singular)
वितस्तया (instrumental singular)
वितस्ता1 (instrumental singular)
वितस्तायै (dative singular)
वितस्तायाः (ablative singular)
वितस्तायै2 (ablative singular)
वितस्तायाः (genitive singular)
वितस्तायै2 (genitive singular)
वितस्तायाम् (locative singular)
वितस्ते (singular vocative)

Kashmiri: وؠتھ (vyath)

Punjabi:

Shahmukhi script: ویہَت (vehat)

Saraiki: ویہَت (vehat)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Ῠ̔δάσπης (Hŭdáspēs)
Greek: Υδάσπης (Ydáspis)
→ Latin: Hydaspēs
→ English: Hydaspes

(geography) Jhelum (a river in India and Pakistan)


शुतुद्री

sa-prop

शुतुद्री • (śútudrī) stem, f

śútudrī (romanization)
शुतुद्री (nominative singular)
शुतुद्रीम् (accusative singular)
शुतुद्र्या (instrumental singular)
शुतुद्र्यै (dative singular)
शुतुद्र्याः (ablative singular)
शुतुद्र्यै1 (ablative singular)
शुतुद्र्याः (genitive singular)
शुतुद्र्यै1 (genitive singular)
शुतुद्र्याम् (locative singular)
शुतुद्रि (singular vocative)

(geography) Sutlej (a river in China, India and Pakistan)


परुष्णी

परुष्णी • (páruṣṇī) stem, f

páruṣṇī (romanization)
परुष्णी (nominative singular)
परुष्ण्यौ (dual nominative)
परुष्णी1 (dual nominative)
परुष्ण्यः (nominative plural)
परुष्णीः1 (nominative plural)
परुष्णीम् (accusative singular)
परुष्ण्यौ (accusative dual)
परुष्णी1 (accusative dual)
परुष्णीः (accusative plural)
परुष्ण्या (instrumental singular)
परुष्णीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
परुष्णीभिः (instrumental plural)
परुष्ण्यै (dative singular)
परुष्णीभ्याम् (dative dual)
परुष्णीभ्यः (dative plural)
परुष्ण्याः (ablative singular)
परुष्ण्यै2 (ablative singular)
परुष्णीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
परुष्णीभ्यः (ablative plural)
परुष्ण्याः (genitive singular)
परुष्ण्यै2 (genitive singular)
परुष्ण्योः (dual genitive)
परुष्णीनाम् (genitive plural)
परुष्ण्याम् (locative singular)
परुष्ण्योः (dual locative)
परुष्णीषु (locative plural)
परुष्णि (singular vocative)
परुष्ण्यौ (dual vocative)
परुष्णी1 (dual vocative)
परुष्ण्यः (plural vocative)
परुष्णीः1 (plural vocative)


असिक्नी

ásiknī (romanization)
asiknī́ (romanization)
असिक्नी (nominative singular)
असिक्न्यौ (dual nominative)
असिक्नी1 (dual nominative)
असिक्न्यः (nominative plural)
असिक्नीः1 (nominative plural)
असिक्नीम् (accusative singular)
असिक्न्यौ (accusative dual)
असिक्नी1 (accusative dual)
असिक्नीः (accusative plural)
असिक्न्या (instrumental singular)
असिक्नीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
असिक्नीभिः (instrumental plural)
असिक्न्यै (dative singular)
असिक्नीभ्याम् (dative dual)
असिक्नीभ्यः (dative plural)
असिक्न्याः (ablative singular)
असिक्न्यै2 (ablative singular)
असिक्नीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
असिक्नीभ्यः (ablative plural)
असिक्न्याः (genitive singular)
असिक्न्यै2 (genitive singular)
असिक्न्योः (dual genitive)
असिक्नीनाम् (genitive plural)
असिक्न्याम् (locative singular)
असिक्न्योः (dual locative)
असिक्नीषु (locative plural)
असिक्नि (singular vocative)
असिक्न्यौ (dual vocative)
असिक्नी1 (dual vocative)
असिक्न्यः (plural vocative)
असिक्नीः1 (plural vocative)
असिक्नी (nominative singular)
असिक्न्यौ (dual nominative)
असिक्नी1 (dual nominative)
असिक्न्यः (nominative plural)
असिक्नीः1 (nominative plural)
असिक्नीम् (accusative singular)
असिक्न्यौ (accusative dual)
असिक्नी1 (accusative dual)
असिक्नीः (accusative plural)
असिक्न्या (instrumental singular)
असिक्नीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
असिक्नीभिः (instrumental plural)
असिक्न्यै (dative singular)
असिक्नीभ्याम् (dative dual)
असिक्नीभ्यः (dative plural)
असिक्न्याः (ablative singular)
असिक्न्यै2 (ablative singular)
असिक्नीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
असिक्नीभ्यः (ablative plural)
असिक्न्याः (genitive singular)
असिक्न्यै2 (genitive singular)
असिक्न्योः (dual genitive)
असिक्नीनाम् (genitive plural)
असिक्न्याम् (locative singular)
असिक्न्योः (dual locative)
असिक्नीषु (locative plural)
असिक्नि (singular vocative)
असिक्न्यौ (dual vocative)
असिक्नी1 (dual vocative)
असिक्न्यः (plural vocative)
असिक्नीः1 (plural vocative)

desctree

Ancient Greek: Ἀκεσίνης (Akesínēs)
Greek: Ακεσίνης (Akesínis)
→ Latin: Acesīnēs

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hásitas
Sanskrit असित (asita)
Sanskrit असिक्नी (asiknī)
Feminine of असित (ásita, “dark-coloured, black”).

etymon

(Vedic) Asikni, Acesines, Chenab (a river in India and Pakistan)


आर्जीकीया

sa-prop

आर्जीकीया • (ā́rjīkīya) stem, f

ā́rjīkīya (romanization)
आर्जीकीया (nominative singular)
आर्जीकीयाम् (accusative singular)
आर्जीकीयया (instrumental singular)
आर्जीकीया1 (instrumental singular)
आर्जीकीयायै (dative singular)
आर्जीकीयायाः (ablative singular)
आर्जीकीयायै2 (ablative singular)
आर्जीकीयायाः (genitive singular)
आर्जीकीयायै2 (genitive singular)
आर्जीकीयायाम् (locative singular)
आर्जीकीये (singular vocative)

/ɑ́ːɾ.d͡ʑiː.kiː.jɑː/


सुषोमा

suṣómā (romanization)
सुषोमा (nominative singular)
सुषोमाम् (accusative singular)
सुषोमया (instrumental singular)
सुषोमा1 (instrumental singular)
सुषोमायै (dative singular)
सुषोमायाः (ablative singular)
सुषोमायै2 (ablative singular)
सुषोमायाः (genitive singular)
सुषोमायै2 (genitive singular)
सुषोमायाम् (locative singular)
सुषोमे (singular vocative)


कुभा

kúbhā (romanization)
कुभा (nominative singular)
कुभाम् (accusative singular)
कुभया (instrumental singular)
कुभा1 (instrumental singular)
कुभायै (dative singular)
कुभायाः (ablative singular)
कुभायै2 (ablative singular)
कुभायाः (genitive singular)
कुभायै2 (genitive singular)
कुभायाम् (locative singular)
कुभे (singular vocative)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kúbʱaH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kúbʱaH.

Kabul (a river in Afghanistan and Pakistan)


क्रुमु

krúmu (romanization)
क्रुमुः (nominative singular)
क्रुमू (dual nominative)
क्रुमवः (nominative plural)
क्रुमुम् (accusative singular)
क्रुमू (accusative dual)
क्रुमूः (accusative plural)
क्रुम्वा (instrumental singular)
क्रुमुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
क्रुमुभिः (instrumental plural)
क्रुमवे (dative singular)
क्रुम्वै1 (dative singular)
क्रुमुभ्याम् (dative dual)
क्रुमुभ्यः (dative plural)
क्रुमोः (ablative singular)
क्रुम्वाः1 (ablative singular)
क्रुम्वै2 (ablative singular)
क्रुमुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
क्रुमुभ्यः (ablative plural)
क्रुमोः (genitive singular)
क्रुम्वाः1 (genitive singular)
क्रुम्वै2 (genitive singular)
क्रुम्वोः (dual genitive)
क्रुमूणाम् (genitive plural)
क्रुमौ (locative singular)
क्रुम्वाम्1 (locative singular)
क्रुम्वोः (dual locative)
क्रुमुषु (locative plural)
क्रुमो (singular vocative)
क्रुमू (dual vocative)
क्रुमवः (plural vocative)


गोमती

gomatī́ (romanization)
गोमती (nominative singular)
गोमत्यौ (dual nominative)
गोमती1 (dual nominative)
गोमत्यः (nominative plural)
गोमतीः1 (nominative plural)
गोमतीम् (accusative singular)
गोमत्यौ (accusative dual)
गोमती1 (accusative dual)
गोमतीः (accusative plural)
गोमत्या (instrumental singular)
गोमतीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोमतीभिः (instrumental plural)
गोमत्यै (dative singular)
गोमतीभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोमतीभ्यः (dative plural)
गोमत्याः (ablative singular)
गोमत्यै2 (ablative singular)
गोमतीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोमतीभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोमत्याः (genitive singular)
गोमत्यै2 (genitive singular)
गोमत्योः (dual genitive)
गोमतीनाम् (genitive plural)
गोमत्याम् (locative singular)
गोमत्योः (dual locative)
गोमतीषु (locative plural)
गोमति (singular vocative)
गोमत्यौ (dual vocative)
गोमती1 (dual vocative)
गोमत्यः (plural vocative)
गोमतीः1 (plural vocative)

Feminine of गोमत् (gomat), from गो (gó) + -मत् (-mat).

Gomal (a river in Afghanistan and Pakistan)


निलिम्पनिर्झरी

निलिम्पनिर्झरी • (nilimpanirjharī) stem, f

nilimpanirjharī (romanization)
निलिम्पनिर्झरी (nominative singular)
निलिम्पनिर्झरीम् (accusative singular)
निलिम्पनिर्झर्या (instrumental singular)
निलिम्पनिर्झर्यै (dative singular)
निलिम्पनिर्झर्याः (ablative singular)
निलिम्पनिर्झर्याः (genitive singular)
निलिम्पनिर्झर्याम् (locative singular)
निलिम्पनिर्झरि (singular vocative)

Tatpuruṣa compound of निलिम्प (nilimpa, “god”) + निर्झरी (nirjharī, “waterfall; river”), literally “river of the gods”.

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निलिम्पनिर्झरीधर

कदा निलिम्पनिर्झरीनिकुञ्जकोटरे वसन्
विमुक्तदुर्मतिः सदा शिरःस्थम् अञ्जलिं वहन् ।
विमुक्तलोललोचनो ललामभाललग्नकः
शिवेति मन्त्रम् उच्चरन् कदा सुखी भवाम्य् अहम् ॥
kadā nilimpanirjharīnikuñjakoṭare vasan
vimuktadurmatiḥ sadā śiraḥstham añjaliṃ vahan.
vimuktalolalocano lalāmabhālalagnakaḥ
śiveti mantram uccaran kadā sukhī bhavāmy aham.
When will I be living in a dwelling cave near Ganga;
Carrying the Añjali Mudrā on my head;
Free from greedy eyes and with forehead marked [with the auspicious Tripuṇḍra];

Uttering the mantra ‘Śiva’, when will I be happy.

an epithet of Ganga (a river in India), considered celestial and holy


इन्द्रपुर

indrapura (romanization)
इन्द्रपुरम् (nominative singular)
इन्द्रपुरे (dual nominative)
इन्द्रपुराणि (nominative plural)
इन्द्रपुरम् (accusative singular)
इन्द्रपुरे (accusative dual)
इन्द्रपुराणि (accusative plural)
इन्द्रपुरेण (instrumental singular)
इन्द्रपुराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
इन्द्रपुरैः (instrumental plural)
इन्द्रपुराय (dative singular)
इन्द्रपुराभ्याम् (dative dual)
इन्द्रपुरेभ्यः (dative plural)
इन्द्रपुरात् (ablative singular)
इन्द्रपुराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
इन्द्रपुरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
इन्द्रपुरस्य (genitive singular)
इन्द्रपुरयोः (dual genitive)
इन्द्रपुराणाम् (genitive plural)
इन्द्रपुरे (locative singular)
इन्द्रपुरयोः (dual locative)
इन्द्रपुरेषु (locative plural)
इन्द्रपुर (singular vocative)
इन्द्रपुरे (dual vocative)
इन्द्रपुराणि (plural vocative)

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Prakrit: 𑀇𑀁𑀤𑀧𑀼𑀭 (iṃdapura)
Hindustani: indaur
Hindi: इंदौर, इन्दौर
Urdu: اِنْدَور
→ Malayalam: ഇന്ദോർ (indōṟ)
Gujarati: ઈંદોર (īndor)
Marathi:
Devanagari script: इंदूर (indūr)
Modi script: 𑘃𑘽𑘟𑘳𑘨 (īndur)
→ Malayalam: ഇന്ദൂരം (indūraṁ)

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→ Khmer: ឥន្ទ្របុរៈ (ʼĕnôtrôbŏréaʼ)

→ Khmer: ឥន្ទ្របុរៈ (ʼĕnôtrôbŏréaʼ)

⇒ Malay:

(سياك سري) ايندراڤورا

سياك سري ايندراڤورا

Arabic script: (سياك سري) ايندراڤورا

Arabic script: (سياك سري) ايندراڤورا

Latin script: (Siak Sri) Inderapura

Tatpuruṣa compound of इन्द्र (indra) + पुर (pura), literally “Indra's city”.

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इन्द्रपुरे नगरे विक्रमसिंहनामा राजपुत्रस्तस्य सहचरी रतनादेवी ।

1889, Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Dissertationen, volume 16, page 13:

In the city of Indrapura, there was a prince named Vikram Singh and his companion was Ratna Devi.

indrapure nagare vikramasiṃhanāmā rājaputrastasya sahacarī ratanādevī.

जैन उपाश्रयः इन्द्रपुरं (इन्दौर) (म.प्र.)

1970, Śubhaśīlagaṇi, Śatruñjayakalpavṛtti (Āgamoddhārakagranthamālā, no. 41), →LCCN:

jaina upāśrayaḥ indrapuraṃ (indaura) (ma.pra.)

Indore (a city in Madhya Pradesh, India)


मठग्राम

maṭhagrāma (romanization)
मठग्रामः (nominative singular)
मठग्रामौ (dual nominative)
मठग्रामाः (nominative plural)
मठग्रामम् (accusative singular)
मठग्रामौ (accusative dual)
मठग्रामान् (accusative plural)
मठग्रामेण (instrumental singular)
मठग्रामाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मठग्रामैः (instrumental plural)
मठग्रामाय (dative singular)
मठग्रामाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मठग्रामेभ्यः (dative plural)
मठग्रामात् (ablative singular)
मठग्रामाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मठग्रामेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मठग्रामस्य (genitive singular)
मठग्रामयोः (dual genitive)
मठग्रामाणाम् (genitive plural)
मठग्रामे (locative singular)
मठग्रामयोः (dual locative)
मठग्रामेषु (locative plural)
मठग्राम (singular vocative)
मठग्रामौ (dual vocative)
मठग्रामाः (plural vocative)

>? Prakrit: *𑀫𑀠𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀫 (*maḍhaggāma)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: मडगांव (maḍgāuva)

Kannada script: ಮಡಗಾಂವ್ (maḍagāṃv)

Latin script: Moddganv

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→ Marathi: maḍgāv
Devanagari script: मडगाव
Modi script: 𑘦𑘚𑘐𑘰𑘪
→ Portuguese: Margão
→ English: Margao

/mɐ.ʈʰɐɡ.ɾɑː.mɐ/

Tatpuruṣa compound of मठ (maṭha) + ग्राम (grāma), literally “village of monastries”.

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मठग्रामं तथा चान्ये गोमांताख्ये च पर्वते

1876, José Gerson da Cunha, Notes on the History and Antiquities of Chaul and Bassein, Thacker, Vining & Company, page 125:

[…] Maṭhagrāma and on the mountain known as Gomanta

maṭhagrāmaṃ tathā cānye gomāṃtākhye ca parvate


तमसा

tamasā (romanization)
तमसा (nominative singular)
तमसे (dual nominative)
तमसाः (nominative plural)
तमसाम् (accusative singular)
तमसे (accusative dual)
तमसाः (accusative plural)
तमसया (instrumental singular)
तमसाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तमसाभिः (instrumental plural)
तमसायै (dative singular)
तमसाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तमसाभ्यः (dative plural)
तमसायाः (ablative singular)
तमसाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तमसाभ्यः (ablative plural)
तमसायाः (genitive singular)
तमसयोः (dual genitive)
तमसानाम् (genitive plural)
तमसायाम् (locative singular)
तमसयोः (dual locative)
तमसासु (locative plural)
तमसे (singular vocative)
तमसे (dual vocative)
तमसाः (plural vocative)

Bhojpuri: टौंस (ṭauns)

Gujarati: તોન્સ (tons)

Hindustani:

Hindi: टौंस (ṭa͠us)

Urdu: ٹَوںس (ṭa͠us)

Borrowings

→ Bhojpuri: तमसा (tamᵊsā) (learned)

→ Gujarati: તમસા (tamsā) (learned)

→ Hindi: तमसा (tamsā) (learned)

→ Malayalam: തമസാ (tamasā) (learned)

→ Tamil: தமசா (tamacā) (learned)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *temH-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *témHos
Proto-Indo-Iranian *támHas
Sanskrit तमस् (tamas)
Sanskrit तमसा (tamasā)
Feminine of तमस (tamasa, “dark-coloured; darkness”), thematicised from तमस् (tamas, “darkness”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *témHos (“darkness”).
Cognate with many Indo-European river names, most notably English Thames; see there for more.
Compare the semantically similar Sanskrit असिक्नी (asiknī, “Chenab river; the night”).

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तमसा नर्मदा चैव नदी गोदावरी तथा ।
वेण्णा प्रवेणी भीमा च मेद्रथा चैव भारत ॥
tamasā narmadā caiva nadī godāvarī tathā.
veṇṇā praveṇī bhīmā ca medrathā caiva bhārata.
[…] the Tamasa, the Narmada, the Godavari, the Vena, the Upavena, the Bhima, the Vadawa, the Bharati […]

स मुहूर्तं गते तस्मिन्देवलोकं मुनिस्तदा ।
जगाम तमसातीरं जाह्नव्यास्त्वविदूरतः ॥
sa muhūrtaṃ gate tasmindevalokaṃ munistadā.
jagāma tamasātīraṃ jāhnavyāstvavidūrataḥ.
1998—2008 translation by Sri Desiraju Hanumanta Rao

Then, on Narada's going to the world of gods in a trice, that sage Valmiki went to the banks of Tamasa river not far from Jahnavi river.

c. 300 CE, Harivaṃśa 12828

c. 400 CE, Kālidāsa, Raghuvaṃśa 9.16

Tamasa, Tamsa, Tons (a river and tributary of the Ganga in Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, India)


विक्रमशिला

vikramaśilā (romanization)
विक्रमशिला (nominative singular)
विक्रमशिलाम् (accusative singular)
विक्रमशिलया (instrumental singular)
विक्रमशिलायै (dative singular)
विक्रमशिलायाः (ablative singular)
विक्रमशिलायाः (genitive singular)
विक्रमशिलायाम् (locative singular)
विक्रमशिले (singular vocative)

Compound of विक्रम (vikrama, “valorous”) + शिला (śilā, “stone”).

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Vikramashila (an ancient University in the modern province of Bihar, India)


पञ्चनद

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Πενταποταμία

→ Ancient Greek: Πενταποταμία (Pentapotamía) (calque)

→ Bengali: পঞ্চনদ (ponconod)

→ Classical Persian: پَنْجَاب (panjāb) (calque) (see there for further descendants)

→ Hindi: पंचनद (pañcnad)

→ Punjabi: ਪੰਚਨਦ (pañcnad), ਪੰਜਨਦ (pañjnad)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča
Sanskrit पञ्चन् (pañcan)
Sanskrit पञ्च (pañca)
Proto-Indo-Iranian *nadader.?
Sanskrit नद (nada)
Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada)
Compound of पञ्च (pañca, “five”) + नद (nada, “river”).

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Punjab (a geographical region in South Asia, politically divided between India and Pakistan)


लक्षद्वीप

→ Assamese: লক্ষদ্ৱীপ (lokhoddip)

→ Bengali: লক্ষদ্বীপ (lokkhoddip)

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ލަކްޝަދުވީޕް

→ Dhivehi: ލަކްޝަދުވީޕް (lak̊šaduvīp)

→ Gujarati: લક્ષદ્વીપ (lakṣadvīp)

→ Hindi: लक्षद्वीप (lakṣadvīp)

→ Kannada: ಲಕ್ಷದ್ವೀಪ (lakṣadvīpa)

→ Kashmiri: 𑆬𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆢𑇀𑆮𑆵𑆥 (lakṣadvīpa)

→ Malayalam: ലക്ഷദ്വീപ് (lakṣadvīpŭ)

→ Marathi: लक्षद्वीप (lakṣadvīp)

→ Odia: ଲକ୍ଷଦ୍ୱୀପ (lakṣadwipa)

→ Punjabi: ਲਕਸ਼ਦੀਪ (lakśadīp)

→ Sinhalese: ලක්ෂද්වීපය (lakṣadwīpaya)

→ Tamil: லட்சத்தீவு (laṭcattīvu)

→ Telugu: లక్షద్వీప్ (lakṣadvīp)

→ Urdu: لکشدیپ

→ Urdu: لکشدیپ

from लक्ष (lakṣa, “hundred thousand”) and द्वीप (dvīpa, “island”).

(New Sanskrit) Lakshadweep (an archipelago and union territory of India in the Arabian Sea)


शिलहट्ट

→ Bengali: শিলহট্ট (śilohoṭṭo)

→ Sylheti: ꠍꠤꠟꠐ (síloṭo)

→ Assamese: ছিলঠ (siloth)

→ Bengali: সিলড (śiloḍ)

→ English: Sylhet

→ Assamese: চিলেট (silet)

→ Bengali: সিলেট (śileṭ)

→ Bishnupriya Manipuri: সিলেট

शिला (śilā, “stone”) + हट्ट (haṭṭa, “market”)


कन्यकुब्ज

kanyakubja (romanization)
कन्यकुब्जम् (nominative singular)
कन्यकुब्जे (dual nominative)
कन्यकुब्जानि (nominative plural)
कन्यकुब्जा1 (nominative plural)
कन्यकुब्जम् (accusative singular)
कन्यकुब्जे (accusative dual)
कन्यकुब्जानि (accusative plural)
कन्यकुब्जा1 (accusative plural)
कन्यकुब्जेन (instrumental singular)
कन्यकुब्जाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कन्यकुब्जैः (instrumental plural)
कन्यकुब्जेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कन्यकुब्जाय (dative singular)
कन्यकुब्जाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कन्यकुब्जेभ्यः (dative plural)
कन्यकुब्जात् (ablative singular)
कन्यकुब्जाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कन्यकुब्जेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कन्यकुब्जस्य (genitive singular)
कन्यकुब्जयोः (dual genitive)
कन्यकुब्जानाम् (genitive plural)
कन्यकुब्जे (locative singular)
कन्यकुब्जयोः (dual locative)
कन्यकुब्जेषु (locative plural)
कन्यकुब्ज (singular vocative)
कन्यकुब्जे (dual vocative)
कन्यकुब्जानि (plural vocative)
कन्यकुब्जा1 (plural vocative)

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Prakrit: 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚 (kaṇṇaüjja)
Central Indo-Aryan:
Eastern Hindi:
Old Awadhi: kanaüja
Devanagari script: कनउज
Kaithi script: 𑂍𑂢𑂇𑂔
Western Hindi:
Braj: कनोज (kanoj), कनौज (kanauj)
Hindi: कन्नौज (kannauj)
Kannauji: कन्नौज
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
Bengali: কনৌজ (konōuj), কন্নৌজ (konnōuj)
Odia: କନଉଜ (kanauja), କାନଉଜ (kānauja)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ken-der.
Sanskrit कन्य (kanya)
Sanskrit कुब्ज (kubja)
Sanskrit कन्यकुब्ज (kanyakubja)
Compound of कन्य (kanya) + कुब्ज (kubja).

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Kannauj (a historical region of Uttar Pradesh, India)