शलभ

śalabha (romanization)
शलभः (nominative singular)
शलभौ (dual nominative)
शलभाः (nominative plural)
शलभ (singular vocative)
शलभौ (dual vocative)
शलभाः (plural vocative)
शलभम् (accusative singular)
शलभौ (accusative dual)
शलभान् (accusative plural)
शलभेन (instrumental singular)
शलभाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शलभैः (instrumental plural)
शलभाय (dative singular)
शलभाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शलभेभ्यः (dative plural)
शलभात् (ablative singular)
शलभाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शलभेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शलभस्य (genitive singular)
शलभयोः (dual genitive)
शलभानाम् (genitive plural)
शलभे (locative singular)
शलभयोः (dual locative)
शलभेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of शलभ

English: salabhasana

Hindi: शलभ (śalabh)

→ Malayalam: ശലഭം (śalabhaṁ)

desc

Telugu: శలభము (śalabhamu), శలభం (śalabhaṁ)

/ˈɕɐ.l̪ɐ.bʱɐ/


तन्तुवाय

tantuvāya (romanization)
तंतुवायः (nominative singular)
तंतुवायौ (dual nominative)
तंतुवायाः (nominative plural)
तंतुवाय (singular vocative)
तंतुवायौ (dual vocative)
तंतुवायाः (plural vocative)
तंतुवायम् (accusative singular)
तंतुवायौ (accusative dual)
तंतुवायान् (accusative plural)
तंतुवायेण (instrumental singular)
तंतुवायाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तंतुवायैः (instrumental plural)
तंतुवायाय (dative singular)
तंतुवायाभ्याम् (dative dual)
तंतुवायेभ्यः (dative plural)
तंतुवायात् (ablative singular)
तंतुवायाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तंतुवायेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तंतुवायस्य (genitive singular)
तंतुवाययोः (dual genitive)
तंतुवायाणाम् (genitive plural)
तंतुवाये (locative singular)
तंतुवाययोः (dual locative)
तंतुवायेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of तन्तुवाय

तंतुवायाभ्याम्

तंतुवायाभ्याम्

तंतुवायेभ्यः

तंतुवायाभ्याम्

तंतुवायेभ्यः

तंतुवायाणाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

तंतुवायाभ्याम्

तंतुवायाभ्याम्

तंतुवायेभ्यः

तंतुवायाभ्याम्

तंतुवायेभ्यः

तंतुवायाणाम्

/t̪ɐn̪.t̪uˈʋɑː.jɐ/


गज

gaja (romanization)
गजः (nominative singular)
गजौ (dual nominative)
गजा1 (dual nominative)
गजाः (nominative plural)
गजासः1 (nominative plural)
गज (singular vocative)
गजौ (dual vocative)
गजा1 (dual vocative)
गजाः (plural vocative)
गजासः1 (plural vocative)
गजम् (accusative singular)
गजौ (accusative dual)
गजा1 (accusative dual)
गजान् (accusative plural)
गजेन (instrumental singular)
गजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गजैः (instrumental plural)
गजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गजाय (dative singular)
गजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गजेभ्यः (dative plural)
गजात् (ablative singular)
गजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गजस्य (genitive singular)
गजयोः (dual genitive)
गजानाम् (genitive plural)
गजे (locative singular)
गजयोः (dual locative)
गजेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀅 (gaa)

Pali: gaja

→ Thai: คชา (ká-chaa), คช (kót)

→ Acehnese: gajah

→ Balinese: ᬕᬚᬄ (gajah)

→ Banjarese: gajah

→ Toba Batak: ᯎᯐ (gaja)

→ Bikol Central: gagdya

→ Cebuano: gadya

→ Chinese: 伽耶 (qiéyé)

→ Gorontalo: gaja

→ Hiligaynon: gadyo

→ Hindi: गज (gaj)

→ Ilocano: gadia

→ Javanese: ꦒꦗꦃ (gajah)

→ Kannada: ಗಜ (gaja)

→ Ledo Kaili: gaja

→ Kapampangan: gagdia

→ Madurese: ꦓꦙ (ghajha)

desctree

→ Malay: gajah
Indonesian: gajah
→ Bikol Central: gadyâ
→ Cebuano: gadyâ
→ Maguindanao: gajah
→ Tagalog: gadya
→ Tausug: gadja

→ Malayalam: ഗജം (gajaṁ)

→ Minangkabau: gajah

→ Old Gujarati: गज (gaja)

→ Marwari: गज (gaj) (learned)

→ Molbog: gaja

→ Brooke's Point Palawano: gadya

→ Sasak: gajah

→ Sika: glajak

→ Sundanese: ᮌᮏᮂ (gajah)

→ Tagalog: gadya

→ Tamil: கஜம் (kajam)

→ Telugu: గజము (gajamu)

→ Tulu: ಗಜ (gaja)

→ Urdu: گج (gaj)

→ Waray-Waray: gadya

→ Wolio: gaja

→ English: gaja (learned)

Of uncertain, possibly substrate, origin.


मत्स्य

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mátsyas (“fish”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬀 (masiia), Persian ماهی (mâhi).

अपि त्वम् मत्स्यं खादितुम् इच्छसि?

पुरोळा इत्तुर्वशो यक्षुरासीद्राये मत्स्यासो निशिता अपीव ।
puroḷā́ ítturváśo yákṣurāsīdrāyé mátsyāso níśitā ápīva

Eager for spoil was Turvaśa Purodas, fain to win wealth, like fishes urged by hunger.


अश्व

áśva (romanization)
अश्वः (nominative singular)
अश्वौ (dual nominative)
अश्वा1 (dual nominative)
अश्वाः (nominative plural)
अश्वासः1 (nominative plural)
अश्व (singular vocative)
अश्वौ (dual vocative)
अश्वा1 (dual vocative)
अश्वाः (plural vocative)
अश्वासः1 (plural vocative)
अश्वम् (accusative singular)
अश्वौ (accusative dual)
अश्वा1 (accusative dual)
अश्वान् (accusative plural)
अश्वेन (instrumental singular)
अश्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्वैः (instrumental plural)
अश्वेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अश्वाय (dative singular)
अश्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्वात् (ablative singular)
अश्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्वस्य (genitive singular)
अश्वयोः (dual genitive)
अश्वानाम् (genitive plural)
अश्वे (locative singular)
अश्वयोः (dual locative)
अश्वेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

desc

Shina: اَںشپوࣿ (ä̃špo)

Shina: اَںشپوࣿ (ä̃špo)

Kalasha: hãš

Bengali: অশ্ব (ośśo)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀆𑀲 (āsa)

Niya Prakrit: 𐨀𐨭𐨿𐨤 (aśpa)

Pali: assa

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (assa)

Marwari: अस (as)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: අශ්වයා (aśwayā)

→ Bengali: অশ্ব (ośśo) (learned)

→ Hindi: अश्व (aśva) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಅಶ್ವ (aśva) (learned)

→ Marathi: अश्व (aśva) (learned)

→ Old Gujarati: अश्व (aśva) (learned)

→ Gujarati: અશ્વ (aśva) (learned)

→ Sinhalese: අශ්වය (aśwaya) (learned)

→ Indonesian: aswa

→ Lü: ᦁᦱᦌᦱ (ʼaasaa)

→ Malayalam: അശ്വം (aśvaṁ)

→ Telugu: అశ్వము (aśvamu)

→ Thai: อัศว (àt-sà-wá-)

→ Eastern Cham: ꨀꨔꨰꩍ

→ Western Cham: اسايه

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háśwas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćwas (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos (“horse”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬞𐬀 (aspa), Old Persian 𐎠𐎿 (a-s /asa/), Lithuanian ašva, Ancient Greek ἵππος (híppos) Latin equus, Old English eoh.


हस्तिन्

hastín (romanization)
हस्ती (nominative singular)
हस्तिनौ (dual nominative)
हस्तिना1 (dual nominative)
हस्तिनः (nominative plural)
हस्तिन् (singular vocative)
हस्तिनौ (dual vocative)
हस्तिना1 (dual vocative)
हस्तिनः (plural vocative)
हस्तिनम् (accusative singular)
हस्तिनौ (accusative dual)
हस्तिना1 (accusative dual)
हस्तिनः (accusative plural)
हस्तिना (instrumental singular)
हस्तिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हस्तिभिः (instrumental plural)
हस्तिने (dative singular)
हस्तिभ्याम् (dative dual)
हस्तिभ्यः (dative plural)
हस्तिनः (ablative singular)
हस्तिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हस्तिभ्यः (ablative plural)
हस्तिनः (genitive singular)
हस्तिनोः (dual genitive)
हस्तिनाम् (genitive plural)
हस्तिनि (locative singular)
हस्तिनोः (dual locative)
हस्तिषु (locative plural)

Gandhari: 𐨱𐨯𐨿𐨟𐨁 (hasti)

Pali: hatthin

desctree

Prakrit: 𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (hatthi), 𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀺 (hasti) — Māgadhī
Helu Prakrit:
Dhivehi: އެތް (et̊)
Sinhalese: ඇත් (æt)
Magadhi Prakrit:
Early Assamese: হাথী (hathī)
Assamese: হাতী (hati), হাথী (hathi)
→ Khasi: hati
Middle Bengali: হাথি (hathi)
Bengali: হাতি (hati)
→ Santali: ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ (hăti)
Chakma: 𑄦𑄬𑄖𑄴 (het /ét/)
Odia: ହାତୀ (hāti)
Rohingya: háñti
Sylheti: ꠀꠔ꠆ꠔꠤ (atti)
Khasa Prakrit:
Nepali: हात्ती (hāttī)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Old Marathi: hātī, hāthī
Devanagari script: हाती, हाथी
Modi script: 𑘮𑘰𑘝𑘲, 𑘮𑘰𑘞𑘲
Marathi: हत्ती (hattī)
Sauraseni Prakrit:
Hindustani: hāthī
Hindi: हाथी
Urdu: ہاتھی
Gujarati: હાથી (hāthī)
Takka Apabhramsa:
Punjabi: hātthī
Gurmukhi script: ਹਾਥੀ
Shahmukhi script: ہاتھی
Vracada Apabhramsa:
Sindhi: hāthī
Arabic script: هَاٿِي
Devanagari script: हाथी

→ Hindi: हस्ती (hastī)

→ Kannada: ಹಸ್ತಿ (hasti)

→ Old Javanese: hasti, asti
> Javanese: ꦲꦱ꧀ꦠꦶ (asti) (inherited)

Compound of हस्त (hástin, “hand”) + -इन् (-in), literally “having a hand (i.e., a trunk)”.

com+

म॒हि॒षासो॑ मा॒यिन॑श्चि॒त्रभा॑नवो गि॒रयो॒ न स्वत॑वसो रघु॒ष्यदः॑।
मृ॒गा इ॑व ह॒स्तिनः॑ खादथा॒ वना॒ यदारु॑णीषु॒ तवि॑षी॒रयु॑ग्ध्वं॥
mahiṣā́so māyínaścitrábhānavo giráyo ná svátavaso raghuṣyádaḥ.

Mighty, with wondrous power and marvellously bright, selfstrong like mountains, you glide swiftly on your way.
Like the wild elephants you eat the forests up when you assume your strength among the bright red flames.

mṛgā́ iva hastínaḥ khādathā vánā yádā́ruṇīṣu táviṣīráyugdhvaṃ.


कीट

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀻𑀟 (kīḍa)

Konkani: किडो (kiḍô)

Old Marathi: 𑘎𑘱𑘚𑘰 (kiḍā)

Marathi: किडा (kiḍā)

Pali: kīṭa

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀻𑀟 (kīḍa)

Gujarati: કીડો (kīḍo)

Hindustani:

Hindi: कीड़ा (kīṛā)

Urdu: کیڑا (kīṛā)

Punjabi: ਕੀੜਾ (kīṛā)

Sindhi: ڪِيڙو / कीड़ो (kīṛo)

→ Hindi: कीट (kīṭ)

⇒ Telugu: కీటము (kīṭamu)

→ Thai: กีฏ (gii-dtà-)

According to Mayrhofer, probably borrowed from a non-Indo-Aryan language or an Indo-Aryan vernacular.


गरुड

garuḍá (romanization)
गरुडः (nominative singular)
गरुडौ (dual nominative)
गरुडा1 (dual nominative)
गरुडाः (nominative plural)
गरुडासः1 (nominative plural)
गरुड (singular vocative)
गरुडौ (dual vocative)
गरुडा1 (dual vocative)
गरुडाः (plural vocative)
गरुडासः1 (plural vocative)
गरुडम् (accusative singular)
गरुडौ (accusative dual)
गरुडा1 (accusative dual)
गरुडान् (accusative plural)
गरुडेन (instrumental singular)
गरुडाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गरुडैः (instrumental plural)
गरुडेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गरुडाय (dative singular)
गरुडाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गरुडेभ्यः (dative plural)
गरुडात् (ablative singular)
गरुडाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गरुडेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गरुडस्य (genitive singular)
गरुडयोः (dual genitive)
गरुडानाम् (genitive plural)
गरुडे (locative singular)
गरुडयोः (dual locative)
गरुडेषु (locative plural)

→ Bengali: গরুড় (goruṛ)

→ Chinese: 迦樓羅／迦楼罗 (jiālóuluó)

→ Japanese: 迦楼羅

→ English: garuda

→ Gujarati: ગરુડ (garuḍ)

→ Hindi: गरुड़ (garuṛ)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: garuḍa
> Javanese: ꦒꦫꦸꦝ (garudha) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: garuda
→ Malay: geroda
→ Balinese: ᬕᬭᬸᬥ (garuda)

→ Khmer: គ្រុឌ (krut)

→ Kannada: ಗರುಡ (garuḍa)

→ Malayalam: ഗരുഡൻ (garuḍaṉ)

desc

→ Manchu: ᡤᠠᡵᡠᡩᠠᡳ (garudai), ᡤᡝᡵᡠᡩᡝᡳ (gerudei)

→ Marathi: गरुड (garuḍ)

→ Mongolian: гарьд (garʹd)

→ Kapampangan: galura

Pali: garuḷa

→ Burmese: ဂဠုန် (ga.lun)

Punjabi: ਗਰੜ (garaṛ)

→ Shan: ၵႃလူၼ် (kǎa lǔun)

→ Tamil: கருடன் (karuṭaṉ)

→ Telugu: గరుడి (garuḍi)

→ Thai: ครุฑ (krút)

(Hinduism) Garuda, Mount of Vishnu, king of the Birds, son of Kashyapa and Vinata.


दण्ड

daṇḍá (romanization)
दण्डः (nominative singular)
दण्डौ (dual nominative)
दण्डा1 (dual nominative)
दण्डाः (nominative plural)
दण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
दण्ड (singular vocative)
दण्डौ (dual vocative)
दण्डा1 (dual vocative)
दण्डाः (plural vocative)
दण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
दण्डम् (accusative singular)
दण्डौ (accusative dual)
दण्डा1 (accusative dual)
दण्डान् (accusative plural)
दण्डेन (instrumental singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दण्डैः (instrumental plural)
दण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दण्डाय (dative singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
दण्डात् (ablative singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दण्डस्य (genitive singular)
दण्डयोः (dual genitive)
दण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
दण्डे (locative singular)
दण्डयोः (dual locative)
दण्डेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Gawar-Bati: ڈݨڈ (ḍaṇḍ), ڈوݨڈیک (dōṇḍī́k), ڈیݨڈی (ḍḗṇḍī)

Kashmiri: دَن (dan), دۆنُ (donu), ڈَنڈُ (ḍanḍu)

Shina: دوݨ (do̯ṇŭ), ڈونی (ḍṓnī)

Shumashti: dä̃ṛä

Torwali: دن (dan)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: ḍōn

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Ashkun: dōṇ

Kamkata-viri: duṇ, ḍun, ḍen

Prasuni: ḍuṇḍu, ḍuṇḍū́

Waigali: dūṇ, ḍūṇíṅ, deṇḍī́

Pali: daṇḍa, daṇḍaka

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀀𑀟 (dam̐ḍa), 𑀟𑀀𑀟𑀟𑀀𑀟𑀬 (ḍam̐ḍaḍam̐ḍaya)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Awadhi: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डाँड़ु (ḍā̃ṛu), डाँड़ा (ḍā̃ṛā)

Gujarati: દાઁડો (dām̐ḍo), ડાઁડો (ḍām̐ḍo), દાઁડી (dām̐ḍī), ડાઁડી (ḍām̐ḍī)

Hindustani: dā̃ḍ, ḍā̃ḍ, ḍā̃ṛ, daṇḍā, ḍaṇḍā, ḍā̃ḍā, ḍā̃ṛā, ḍaṇḍī, ḍā̃ḍī

Hindi: दाँड, डाँड, डाँड़, दंडा, डंडा, डाँडा, डाँड़ा, डंडी, डाँडी

Urdu: دَاںڈ (dā̃ḍ), ڈَاںڈ (ḍā̃ḍ), ڈَاںڑ (ḍā̃ṛ), دَنڈَا, ڈَنڈَا, ڈَاںڈَا (ḍā̃ḍā), ڈَاںڑَا (ḍā̃ṛā), ڈَنڈِی (ḍanḍī), ڈَاںڈِی (ḍā̃ḍī)

Romani: ran

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ডাঁৰ (dãr), ডাঁৰা (dãra), ডাঁৰি (dãri), ডঁৰ (dõr)

Bengali: ডান্ডা (ḍanḍa), দাঁড় (dãṛ), দাঁড়ি (dãṛi), ডাঁড় (ḍãṛ), ডাঁড়ি (ḍãṛi)

Bihari: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Bihari: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Bhojpuri: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Maithili: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डाँड़ि (ḍā̃ṛɨ), डाँड़ब (ḍā̃ṛab)

Odia: ଡାଣ୍ଡ (ḍāṇḍa), ଡାଁଡ଼ (ḍā̃ṛa), ଦାଣ୍ଡି (dāṇḍi), ଦଣ୍ଡା (daṇḍā), ଦଣ୍ଡି (daṇḍi)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: डाँड (ḍā̃ḍ)

Kumaoni: दान (dān), डान (ḍān), डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डानो (ḍāno), डानी (ḍānī), डाण (ḍāṇ)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: डाँण (ḍā̃ṇ), डाँणो (ḍā̃ṇo), डाँणि (ḍā̃ṇi)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: डन्न (ḍann), डन्नो (ḍanno), डन्नी (ḍannī)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ދަނޑި (daⁿḍi)

Sinhalese: දණ්ඩ (daṇḍa)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: dāṇḍāro

Devanagari script: दांडारो (dāṇḍāro)

Latin script: dannddarô

Kannada script: ದಾಂಡಾರೊ

Marathi: दाँड (dŏṇḍa), दाँड (dŏṇḍa)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: dann, ḍann, ḍannā, ḍannī

Gurmukhi script: ਦੰਨ, ਡੰਨ, ਡੰਨਾ, ਡੰਨੀ

Shahmukhi script: دَنّ, ڈَنّ, ڈَنَّا, ڈَنِّی

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: ḍ̠anu, ḍ̠ano, ḍ̠anī, ḍ̠aṇḍu, ḍ̠aṇḍo

Arabic script: ڏَنُ, ڏَنو, ڏَنِي, ڏَڻڊُ, ڏَڻڊو

Devanagari script: ॾनु, ॾनो, ॾनी, ॾंडु, ॾंडो

→ Assamese: দণ্ড (dondo)

→ Bengali: দণ্ড (donḍo)

→ Burmese: ဒဏ် (dan)

→ Hindustani: daṇḍ

Hindi: दंड

Urdu: دَنڈ

→ Indonesian: denda

→ Khmer: ទណ្ឌ (tŏən)

→ Lao: ທັນ (than)

→ Malayalam: ദണ്ഡം (daṇḍaṁ)

→ Malay: denda

→ Pali: daṇḍa

→ Romani: rran

→ Sindhi: ڏَنڊُ, ड॒ण्डु

→ Sindhi: ڏَنڊُ, ड॒ण्डु

→ Tamil: தண்டம் (taṇṭam)

→ Telugu: దండము (daṇḍamu)

→ Thai: ทัณฑ์ (than)

→ Urdu:

Borrowed from substrate language. Kuiper argues for a loanword from Munda; compare Mundari ଦାଣ୍ଡି (dāṇḍi, “small stick”), Santali ᱫᱚᱬᱴᱚ (dôṇṭô, “thick stick, club”), ᱫᱚᱬᱴᱤᱴᱤᱛ (dôṇṭiṭit, “stem of mushrooms”), ᱫᱚᱬᱰᱤ (dôṇḍi, “stick, staff, stalk”). Likewise, Southworth suggests a Dravidian substratum, compare Malayalam തണ്ട് (taṇṭŭ, “stick, club”).
Alternatively, but less likely, a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”), whence दारु (dā́ru), and thus cognate with Ancient Greek δένδρον (déndron, “tree”), but both this and that Greek word are phonologically difficult to explain.


दूरदर्शन

dūradárśana (romanization)
दूरदर्शनः (nominative singular)
दूरदर्शनौ (dual nominative)
दूरदर्शना1 (dual nominative)
दूरदर्शनाः (nominative plural)
दूरदर्शनासः1 (nominative plural)
दूरदर्शन (singular vocative)
दूरदर्शनौ (dual vocative)
दूरदर्शना1 (dual vocative)
दूरदर्शनाः (plural vocative)
दूरदर्शनासः1 (plural vocative)
दूरदर्शनम् (accusative singular)
दूरदर्शनौ (accusative dual)
दूरदर्शना1 (accusative dual)
दूरदर्शनान् (accusative plural)
दूरदर्शनेन (instrumental singular)
दूरदर्शनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दूरदर्शनैः (instrumental plural)
दूरदर्शनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दूरदर्शनाय (dative singular)
दूरदर्शनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दूरदर्शनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दूरदर्शनात् (ablative singular)
दूरदर्शनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दूरदर्शनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दूरदर्शनस्य (genitive singular)
दूरदर्शनयोः (dual genitive)
दूरदर्शनानाम् (genitive plural)
दूरदर्शने (locative singular)
दूरदर्शनयोः (dual locative)
दूरदर्शनेषु (locative plural)

/d̪uː.ɾɐˈd̪ɐɾ.ɕɐ.n̪ɐ/

Compound of दूर (dūrá, “far”) + दर्शन (dárśana, “sight”).
The sense “television” is a semantic loan from English television based on its etymology, i.e. a calque of English tele- (“far”) + vision, probably following Hindi.


दूरदर्शन

dūradárśana (romanization)
दूरदर्शनम् (nominative singular)
दूरदर्शने (dual nominative)
दूरदर्शनानि (nominative plural)
दूरदर्शना1 (nominative plural)
दूरदर्शन (singular vocative)
दूरदर्शने (dual vocative)
दूरदर्शनानि (plural vocative)
दूरदर्शना1 (plural vocative)
दूरदर्शनम् (accusative singular)
दूरदर्शने (accusative dual)
दूरदर्शनानि (accusative plural)
दूरदर्शना1 (accusative plural)
दूरदर्शनेन (instrumental singular)
दूरदर्शनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दूरदर्शनैः (instrumental plural)
दूरदर्शनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दूरदर्शनाय (dative singular)
दूरदर्शनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दूरदर्शनेभ्यः (dative plural)
दूरदर्शनात् (ablative singular)
दूरदर्शनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दूरदर्शनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दूरदर्शनस्य (genitive singular)
दूरदर्शनयोः (dual genitive)
दूरदर्शनानाम् (genitive plural)
दूरदर्शने (locative singular)
दूरदर्शनयोः (dual locative)
दूरदर्शनेषु (locative plural)

→ Thai: โทรทัศน์ (too-rá-tát)

→ Lao: ໂທລະທັດ (thō la that)

desc

→ Khmer: ទូរទស្សន៍ (tuurĕəʼtŭəh)

→ Khmer: ទូរទស្សន៍ (tuurĕəʼtŭəh)

/d̪uː.ɾɐˈd̪ɐɾ.ɕɐ.n̪ɐ/


अश्वमेध

aśvamedhá (romanization)
अश्वमेधः (nominative singular)
अश्वमेधौ (dual nominative)
अश्वमेधा1 (dual nominative)
अश्वमेधाः (nominative plural)
अश्वमेधासः1 (nominative plural)
अश्वमेध (singular vocative)
अश्वमेधौ (dual vocative)
अश्वमेधा1 (dual vocative)
अश्वमेधाः (plural vocative)
अश्वमेधासः1 (plural vocative)
अश्वमेधम् (accusative singular)
अश्वमेधौ (accusative dual)
अश्वमेधा1 (accusative dual)
अश्वमेधान् (accusative plural)
अश्वमेधेन (instrumental singular)
अश्वमेधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्वमेधैः (instrumental plural)
अश्वमेधेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अश्वमेधाय (dative singular)
अश्वमेधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्वमेधेभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्वमेधात् (ablative singular)
अश्वमेधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्वमेधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्वमेधस्य (genitive singular)
अश्वमेधयोः (dual genitive)
अश्वमेधानाम् (genitive plural)
अश्वमेधे (locative singular)
अश्वमेधयोः (dual locative)
अश्वमेधेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: अश्वमेध (aśvamedh)

→ Telugu: అశ్వమేధము (aśvamēdhamu)

→ Tocharian B: aśvamet

/ɐɕ.ʋɐ.mɐj.dʱɐ́/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐˈmeː.d̪ʱɐ/

/ɐ́ɕ.ʋɐ.mɐj.dʱɐ/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐˈmeː.d̪ʱɐ/

An oxytonic tatpurusa compound of अश्व (áśva, “horse”) and मेध (médha, “animal sacrifice”). Possible cognate with Gaulish Epomeduos (“name of a festival and a deity”).

cog

(Hinduism) horse sacrifice, the Ashvamedha ritual


बुलबुल

bulabula (romanization)
बुलबुलः (nominative singular)
बुलबुलौ (dual nominative)
बुलबुलाः (nominative plural)
बुलबुल (singular vocative)
बुलबुलौ (dual vocative)
बुलबुलाः (plural vocative)
बुलबुलम् (accusative singular)
बुलबुलौ (accusative dual)
बुलबुलान् (accusative plural)
बुलबुलेन (instrumental singular)
बुलबुलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बुलबुलैः (instrumental plural)
बुलबुलाय (dative singular)
बुलबुलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बुलबुलेभ्यः (dative plural)
बुलबुलात् (ablative singular)
बुलबुलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बुलबुलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
बुलबुलस्य (genitive singular)
बुलबुलयोः (dual genitive)
बुलबुलानाम् (genitive plural)
बुलबुले (locative singular)
बुलबुलयोः (dual locative)
बुलबुलेषु (locative plural)

अस्मिता — अपि सन्ति बुलबुलाः अत्र?
 नियामकः — तेऽपि सन्ति। शृणु, शृणु बुलबुलगानं पेरुकवाटिकायाम्।

Asmitā — Are there nightingales here too?
 Niyāmaka — They are there too. Listen, listen to the nightingale-song in Perukavāṭikā.

asmitā — api santi bulabulāḥ atra?
 niyāmakaḥ — teʼpi santi. śṛṇu, śṛṇu bulabulagānaṃ perukavāṭikāyām.


मृग

mṛgá (romanization)
मृगः (nominative singular)
मृगौ (dual nominative)
मृगा1 (dual nominative)
मृगाः (nominative plural)
मृगासः1 (nominative plural)
मृग (singular vocative)
मृगौ (dual vocative)
मृगा1 (dual vocative)
मृगाः (plural vocative)
मृगासः1 (plural vocative)
मृगम् (accusative singular)
मृगौ (accusative dual)
मृगा1 (accusative dual)
मृगान् (accusative plural)
मृगेण (instrumental singular)
मृगाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मृगैः (instrumental plural)
मृगेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मृगाय (dative singular)
मृगाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मृगेभ्यः (dative plural)
मृगात् (ablative singular)
मृगाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मृगेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मृगस्य (genitive singular)
मृगयोः (dual genitive)
मृगाणाम् (genitive plural)
मृगे (locative singular)
मृगयोः (dual locative)
मृगेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: mru (“mountain goat”)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀺𑀅 (mia)

Pali: maga, miga

→ Thai: มิคะ (mí-ká)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀅 (maa)

→ Bengali: মৃগ (mrig, “deer”)

→ Kannada: ಮೃಗ (mṛga)

→ Malayalam: മൃഗം (mr̥gaṁ)

→ Tamil: மிருகம் (mirukam)

→ Thai: มฤค (má-rʉ́k)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥gás (“forest animal”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬖𐬀 (mər^əγa, “bird”), Sogdian 𐼺𐽀𐼲𐼷 (mrɣy, “bird”). Also related to Persian مرغ (morğ, “hen”).

inh

(especially) a deer, gazelle, antelope, stag, musk-deer


गौर

राज-सर्षप राज-सर्षप

white mustard (the seed of which is used as a weight, = 3 राज-सर्षपs)


गौर

desctree

→ Old Javanese: gora
> Javanese: ꦒꦺꦴꦫ (gora) (inherited)


आति

ātí (romanization)
आतिः (nominative singular)
आती (dual nominative)
आतयः (nominative plural)
आते (singular vocative)
आती (dual vocative)
आतयः (plural vocative)
आतिम् (accusative singular)
आती (accusative dual)
आतीः (accusative plural)
आत्या (instrumental singular)
आती1 (instrumental singular)
आतिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आतिभिः (instrumental plural)
आतये (dative singular)
आत्यै2 (dative singular)
आती1 (dative singular)
आतिभ्याम् (dative dual)
आतिभ्यः (dative plural)
आतेः (ablative singular)
आत्याः2 (ablative singular)
आत्यै3 (ablative singular)
आतिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आतिभ्यः (ablative plural)
आतेः (genitive singular)
आत्याः2 (genitive singular)
आत्यै3 (genitive singular)
आत्योः (dual genitive)
आतीनाम् (genitive plural)
आतौ (locative singular)
आत्याम्2 (locative singular)
आता1 (locative singular)
आत्योः (dual locative)
आतिषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: ạ́i

Khowar: آڑی (áɫi)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀆𑀟𑀺 (āḍi)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HaHtíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HaHtíš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₂ts (“duck”).
Cognate with Latin anas, Ancient Greek νῆττᾰ (nêtta), Ossetian ацц (acc), Old East Slavic уты (uty), Old Prussian antis, Old English æned (whence English ennet).

the bank myna (Acridotheres ginginianus, formerly known as Turdus ginginianus)


गो

gó (romanization)
गौः (nominative singular)
गावौ (dual nominative)
गावा1 (dual nominative)
गावः (nominative plural)
गौः (singular vocative)
गावौ (dual vocative)
गावा1 (dual vocative)
गावः (plural vocative)
गाम् (accusative singular)
गावौ (accusative dual)
गावा1 (accusative dual)
गाः (accusative plural)
गावः (accusative plural)
गवा (instrumental singular)
गोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोभिः (instrumental plural)
गवे (dative singular)
गोभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोभ्यः (dative plural)
गोः (ablative singular)
गोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोः (genitive singular)
गवोः (dual genitive)
गवाम् (genitive plural)
गोनाम् (genitive plural)
गवि (locative singular)
गवोः (dual locative)
गोषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun-m

gā́ḥ,gā́vaḥ²

Dardic:

Kamkata-viri: gō

Kashmiri: گاو (gāv)

Tirahi: gọ̈̄

Torwali: گو (gō)

Phalura: گو (gū)

Pashayi:

Northeast Pashayi: gō

Southeast Pashayi: gā

Shina: گو (gū)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: গাই (gai)

Bengali: গাই (gai)

Marathi: गाय (gāy)

Nepali: गाई (gāī)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi:

Punjabi: ਗਾਂ (gā̃), Punjabi: ਗਾਈਂ (gāī̃)

Shahmukhi script: گاں (gāṉ), Shahmukhi script: گائں (gā'iṉ)

Pali: go, gāva

→ Khmer: គោ (koo)

→ Thai: โค (koo)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀈 (gāī)

Gujarati:

Gujarati script: ગાય (gāya)

Lisan ud-Dawat Gujarati: گایہ (gāya)

Hindi: गाय (gāy), गो (go)

Urdu: گائے (gāe)

Sinhalese: ගව (gawa)

→ Hindi: गौ (gau)

→ Telugu: గోవు (gōvu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws
Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš
Sanskrit गो (go)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊 (gao), Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Latin bōs, Old English cū (whence English cow).

etymon

आ गावो॑ अग्मन्नु॒त भ॒द्रम॑क्र॒न्त्सीद॑न्तु गो॒ष्ठे र॒णय॑न्त्व॒स्मे।
प्र॒जाव॑तीः पुरु॒रूपा॑ इ॒ह स्यु॒रिन्द्रा॑य पू॒र्वीरु॒षसो॒ दुहा॑नाः॥
ā́ gā́vo agmannutá bhadrámakrantsī́dantu goṣṭhé raṇáyantvasmé.

The cows have come and brought good fortune: let them rest in the cow-pen and be happy near us.
Here let them stay prolific, many-coloured, and yield their milk for Indra through many mornings.

prajā́vatīḥ pururū́pā ihá syuríndrāya pūrvī́ruṣáso dúhānāḥ.

(in the plural) cattle, kine, herd of cattle

(usually in the plural) anything coming from or belonging to an ox or cow, milk, flesh, skin, hide, leather, strap of leather, bow-string, sinew


अर्जुन

árjuna (romanization)
अर्जुनः (nominative singular)
अर्जुनौ (dual nominative)
अर्जुना1 (dual nominative)
अर्जुनाः (nominative plural)
अर्जुनासः1 (nominative plural)
अर्जुन (singular vocative)
अर्जुनौ (dual vocative)
अर्जुना1 (dual vocative)
अर्जुनाः (plural vocative)
अर्जुनासः1 (plural vocative)
अर्जुनम् (accusative singular)
अर्जुनौ (accusative dual)
अर्जुना1 (accusative dual)
अर्जुनान् (accusative plural)
अर्जुनेन (instrumental singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्जुनैः (instrumental plural)
अर्जुनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्जुनाय (dative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्जुनेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्जुनात् (ablative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्जुनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्जुनस्य (genitive singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual genitive)
अर्जुनानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्जुने (locative singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual locative)
अर्जुनेषु (locative plural)
अर्जुना (nominative singular)
अर्जुने (dual nominative)
अर्जुनाः (nominative plural)
अर्जुने (singular vocative)
अर्जुने (dual vocative)
अर्जुनाः (plural vocative)
अर्जुनाम् (accusative singular)
अर्जुने (accusative dual)
अर्जुनाः (accusative plural)
अर्जुनया (instrumental singular)
अर्जुना1 (instrumental singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्जुनाभिः (instrumental plural)
अर्जुनायै (dative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्जुनाभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्जुनायाः (ablative singular)
अर्जुनायै2 (ablative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्जुनाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्जुनायाः (genitive singular)
अर्जुनायै2 (genitive singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual genitive)
अर्जुनानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्जुनायाम् (locative singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual locative)
अर्जुनासु (locative plural)
अर्जुनम् (nominative singular)
अर्जुने (dual nominative)
अर्जुनानि (nominative plural)
अर्जुना1 (nominative plural)
अर्जुन (singular vocative)
अर्जुने (dual vocative)
अर्जुनानि (plural vocative)
अर्जुना1 (plural vocative)
अर्जुनम् (accusative singular)
अर्जुने (accusative dual)
अर्जुनानि (accusative plural)
अर्जुना1 (accusative plural)
अर्जुनेन (instrumental singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्जुनैः (instrumental plural)
अर्जुनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्जुनाय (dative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्जुनेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्जुनात् (ablative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्जुनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्जुनस्य (genitive singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual genitive)
अर्जुनानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्जुने (locative singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual locative)
अर्जुनेषु (locative plural)

/ˈɐɾ.d͡ʑu.n̪ɐ/

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂érǵ-u-nom (“white, shining; silver”). Cognate with Latin argentum (“silver”).


अर्जुन

árjuna (romanization)
अर्जुनम् (nominative singular)
अर्जुने (dual nominative)
अर्जुनानि (nominative plural)
अर्जुना1 (nominative plural)
अर्जुन (singular vocative)
अर्जुने (dual vocative)
अर्जुनानि (plural vocative)
अर्जुना1 (plural vocative)
अर्जुनम् (accusative singular)
अर्जुने (accusative dual)
अर्जुनानि (accusative plural)
अर्जुना1 (accusative plural)
अर्जुनेन (instrumental singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्जुनैः (instrumental plural)
अर्जुनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्जुनाय (dative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्जुनेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्जुनात् (ablative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्जुनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्जुनस्य (genitive singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual genitive)
अर्जुनानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्जुने (locative singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual locative)
अर्जुनेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀅𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀼𑀡 (ajjuṇa, “silver”)

/ˈɐɾ.d͡ʑu.n̪ɐ/

(in the plural) the descendants of Arjuna


अर्जुन

arjuna (romanization)
अर्जुनः (nominative singular)
अर्जुनौ (dual nominative)
अर्जुना1 (dual nominative)
अर्जुनाः (nominative plural)
अर्जुनासः1 (nominative plural)
अर्जुन (singular vocative)
अर्जुनौ (dual vocative)
अर्जुना1 (dual vocative)
अर्जुनाः (plural vocative)
अर्जुनासः1 (plural vocative)
अर्जुनम् (accusative singular)
अर्जुनौ (accusative dual)
अर्जुना1 (accusative dual)
अर्जुनान् (accusative plural)
अर्जुनेन (instrumental singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्जुनैः (instrumental plural)
अर्जुनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अर्जुनाय (dative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्जुनेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्जुनात् (ablative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्जुनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्जुनस्य (genitive singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual genitive)
अर्जुनानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्जुने (locative singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual locative)
अर्जुनेषु (locative plural)

→ Old Javanese: arjuna

→ Tocharian B: arjuṃ

/ˈɐɾ.d͡ʑu.n̪ɐ/

Terminalia arjuna
Terminalia arjuna#Translingual


अर्जुन

arjuna (romanization)
अर्जुनः (nominative singular)
अर्जुनौ (dual nominative)
अर्जुनाः (nominative plural)
अर्जुन (singular vocative)
अर्जुनौ (dual vocative)
अर्जुनाः (plural vocative)
अर्जुनम् (accusative singular)
अर्जुनौ (accusative dual)
अर्जुनान् (accusative plural)
अर्जुनेन (instrumental singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अर्जुनैः (instrumental plural)
अर्जुनाय (dative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अर्जुनेभ्यः (dative plural)
अर्जुनात् (ablative singular)
अर्जुनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अर्जुनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अर्जुनस्य (genitive singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual genitive)
अर्जुनानाम् (genitive plural)
अर्जुने (locative singular)
अर्जुनयोः (dual locative)
अर्जुनेषु (locative plural)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: Arjuna
Javanese: ꦄꦂꦗꦸꦤ (Arjuna), ꦲꦼꦂꦗꦸꦤ (Herjuna)
→ Balinese: ᬅᬃᬚᬸᬦ (Arjuna)

/ˈɐɾ.d͡ʑu.n̪ɐ/

(Hinduism) Arjuna, son of Pandu and Kunti, husband of Draupadi and Subhadra, and the father of Abhimanyu and Shrutakarma

a male given name commonly used in India


हंस

haṃsá (romanization)
हंसः (nominative singular)
हंसौ (dual nominative)
हंसा1 (dual nominative)
हंसाः (nominative plural)
हंसासः1 (nominative plural)
हंस (singular vocative)
हंसौ (dual vocative)
हंसा1 (dual vocative)
हंसाः (plural vocative)
हंसासः1 (plural vocative)
हंसम् (accusative singular)
हंसौ (accusative dual)
हंसा1 (accusative dual)
हंसान् (accusative plural)
हंसेन (instrumental singular)
हंसाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हंसैः (instrumental plural)
हंसेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हंसाय (dative singular)
हंसाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हंसेभ्यः (dative plural)
हंसात् (ablative singular)
हंसाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हंसेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हंसस्य (genitive singular)
हंसयोः (dual genitive)
हंसानाम् (genitive plural)
हंसे (locative singular)
हंसयोः (dual locative)
हंसेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: أنٛز (ạnz)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: হাঁহ (hãh)

Bengali: হাঁস (hãs)

Sylheti: ꠀꠃꠀ (áúa), ꠀꠁ (áí)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਹੰਸ (hans)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀳𑀁𑀲 (haṃsa)

Hindi: हाँस (hā̃s)

/ɦɐ.ɡm̩.sɐ́/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰansás (“goose”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns (“goose”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬁 (zā), Ancient Greek χήν (khḗn), Latin ānser, Latvian zoss, German Gans, Old Irish géiss, Russian гусь (gusʹ), Albanian gatë (“heron”), Old English gōs (whence English goose).

हंसाव्इव पततमा सुताँ उप ॥

Like wild geese, fly here to the soma-pressings.

a goose, gander, swan, flamingo (or other aquatic bird, considered as a bird of passage)

sometimes a mere poetical or mythical bird, said in Rigveda to be able to separate Soma from water, when these two fluids are mixed, and in later literature, milk from water when these two are mixed


हंस

/ɦɐ.ɡm̩.sɐ́/


अजा

ajā (romanization)
अजा (nominative singular)
अजे (dual nominative)
अजाः (nominative plural)
अजे (singular vocative)
अजे (dual vocative)
अजाः (plural vocative)
अजाम् (accusative singular)
अजे (accusative dual)
अजाः (accusative plural)
अजया (instrumental singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अजाभिः (instrumental plural)
अजायै (dative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अजाभ्यः (dative plural)
अजायाः (ablative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अजाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अजायाः (genitive singular)
अजयोः (dual genitive)
अजानाम् (genitive plural)
अजायाम् (locative singular)
अजयोः (dual locative)
अजासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of अजा

Feminine form of अज (aja, “he-goat, driver”), from the root अज् (aj, “to drive”).


उद्र

udrá (romanization)
उद्रः (nominative singular)
उद्रौ (dual nominative)
उद्रा1 (dual nominative)
उद्राः (nominative plural)
उद्रासः1 (nominative plural)
उद्र (singular vocative)
उद्रौ (dual vocative)
उद्रा1 (dual vocative)
उद्राः (plural vocative)
उद्रासः1 (plural vocative)
उद्रम् (accusative singular)
उद्रौ (accusative dual)
उद्रा1 (accusative dual)
उद्रान् (accusative plural)
उद्रेण (instrumental singular)
उद्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उद्रैः (instrumental plural)
उद्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
उद्राय (dative singular)
उद्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
उद्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
उद्रात् (ablative singular)
उद्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उद्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
उद्रस्य (genitive singular)
उद्रयोः (dual genitive)
उद्राणाम् (genitive plural)
उद्रे (locative singular)
उद्रयोः (dual locative)
उद्रेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: উদ (ud)

Bengali: উদ (ud)

desctree

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀤 (udda)
Hindustani:
Hindi: ऊद (ūd)
Urdu: اود (ūd)

→ Odia: ଉଦ୍ର (udra)

→ Telugu: ఉద్రము (udramu)

→ Hindi: उद्र (udra)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *udrás (“otter”), from Proto-Indo-European *udrós (“aquatic animal; otter”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬛𐬭𐬀 (udra), Latin lutra, Ancient Greek ὕδρος (húdros), Polish wydra, Russian вы́дра (výdra), Bulgarian ви́дра (vídra), Old English otor (whence English otter).

inh

अ॒न्य॒वा॒पो॒ ऽर्धमा॒साना॒म् ऋश्यो॑ म॒यूरः॑ सुप॒र्णस् ते ग॑न्धर्वाणा॑म् अ॒पाम् उ॒द्रो मा॒सां क॒श्यपो॑ रो॒हित् कु॑ण्डृ॒णाची॑ गो॒लत्ति॑का ते॑ ऽप्स॒रसां॑ मृ॒त्यवे॑ ऽसि॒तः ॥
anyavāpo ʼrdhámāsā́nām ṛ́śyo mayū́raḥ suparṇás té gandharvāṇām apā́m udró māsā́ṃ kaśyápo rohít kuṇḍṛṇā́cī goláttikā te ʼpsarásāṃ mṛtyáve ʼsitáḥ.

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 24.37

The cuckoo belongs to the Half Months; antelope, peacock, eagle, these are the Gandharvas’; the otter belongs to the Months; the tortoise, doe-antelope, iguana, Golathikâ belong to the Apsaras; the black snake belongs to Death.


बिडाली

biḍālī (romanization)
बिडाली (nominative singular)
बिडाल्यौ (dual nominative)
बिडाल्यः (nominative plural)
बिडालि (singular vocative)
बिडाल्यौ (dual vocative)
बिडाल्यः (plural vocative)
बिडालीम् (accusative singular)
बिडाल्यौ (accusative dual)
बिडालीः (accusative plural)
बिडाल्या (instrumental singular)
बिडालीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बिडालीभिः (instrumental plural)
बिडाल्यै (dative singular)
बिडालीभ्याम् (dative dual)
बिडालीभ्यः (dative plural)
बिडाल्याः (ablative singular)
बिडालीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बिडालीभ्यः (ablative plural)
बिडाल्याः (genitive singular)
बिडाल्योः (dual genitive)
बिडालीनाम् (genitive plural)
बिडाल्याम् (locative singular)
बिडाल्योः (dual locative)
बिडालीषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ī-stem declension of बिडाली

बिडालीभ्याम्

बिडालीभ्याम्

बिडालीभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

बिडालीभ्याम्

बिडालीभ्याम्

बिडालीभ्याम्

a particular disease and the female demon presiding over it


वृक

vṛ́ka (romanization)
वृकः (nominative singular)
वृकौ (dual nominative)
वृका1 (dual nominative)
वृकाः (nominative plural)
वृकासः1 (nominative plural)
वृक (singular vocative)
वृकौ (dual vocative)
वृका1 (dual vocative)
वृकाः (plural vocative)
वृकासः1 (plural vocative)
वृकम् (accusative singular)
वृकौ (accusative dual)
वृका1 (accusative dual)
वृकान् (accusative plural)
वृकेण (instrumental singular)
वृकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृकैः (instrumental plural)
वृकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वृकाय (dative singular)
वृकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृकेभ्यः (dative plural)
वृकात् (ablative singular)
वृकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृकस्य (genitive singular)
वृकयोः (dual genitive)
वृकाणाम् (genitive plural)
वृके (locative singular)
वृकयोः (dual locative)
वृकेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit:

Chakma: 𑄤𑄇𑄴 (wāk)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀬 (vaya)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀅 (vaa)

Gujarati: વરુ (varu)

Kachchi: વરુ (varu)

Dardic:

Shina: उरुक (uruk)

Pali: vaka

→ Hindi: वृक (vŕk)

→ Marathi: वृक (vŕk)

→ Telugu: వృకము (vr̥kamu)

→ Bengali: বৃক (brik)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (“wolf”), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka), Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /varka/) (whence Persian گرگ (gorg)), Latin lupus, Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Lithuanian vilkas, Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ), Old English ƿulf (whence English wolf). Native grammarians etymologize it as "the tearer" and connect it to root व्रश्च् (vraśc), whence वृक्ण (vṛkṇa).

मा वां॒ वृको॒ मा वृ॒कीरा द॑धर्षी॒न्मा परि॑ वर्क्तमु॒त माति॑ धक्तम् ।
अ॒यं वां॑ भा॒गो निहि॑त इ॒यं गीर्दस्रा॑वि॒मे वां॑ नि॒धयो॒ मधू॑नाम् ॥
mā́ vāṃ vṛ́ko mā́ vṛkī́rā́ dadharṣīnmā́ pári varktamutá mā́ti dhaktam.

Let not the wolf, let not the she-wolf harm you.
Forsake me not, nor pass me by or others.

ayáṃ vāṃ bhāgó níhita iyáṃ gī́rdásrāvimé vāṃ nidháyo mádhūnām.

यो न॑: पूषन्न॒घो वृको॑ दु॒:शेव॑ आ॒दिदे॑शति ।
अप॑ स्म॒ तं प॒थो ज॑हि ॥
yó na: pūṣannaghó vṛ́ko du:śéva ādídeśati.
ápa sma táṃ pathó jahi.

Drive, Pūṣan, from our road the wolf, the wicked inauspicious wolf,

Pinus palustris
Pinus palustris#Translingual

the resin of Pinus longifolia, now Pinus palustris


वृक

head

वृक • (Vṛ́ka) m


मार्जार

mārjāra (romanization)
मार्जारः (nominative singular)
मार्जारौ (dual nominative)
मार्जारा1 (dual nominative)
मार्जाराः (nominative plural)
मार्जारासः1 (nominative plural)
मार्जार (singular vocative)
मार्जारौ (dual vocative)
मार्जारा1 (dual vocative)
मार्जाराः (plural vocative)
मार्जारासः1 (plural vocative)
मार्जारम् (accusative singular)
मार्जारौ (accusative dual)
मार्जारा1 (accusative dual)
मार्जारान् (accusative plural)
मार्जारेण (instrumental singular)
मार्जाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मार्जारैः (instrumental plural)
मार्जारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मार्जाराय (dative singular)
मार्जाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
मार्जारेभ्यः (dative plural)
मार्जारात् (ablative singular)
मार्जाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मार्जारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मार्जारस्य (genitive singular)
मार्जारयोः (dual genitive)
मार्जाराणाम् (genitive plural)
मार्जारे (locative singular)
मार्जारयोः (dual locative)
मार्जारेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Pali: majjāra
→ Thai: มัชชาระ (mát-chaa-rá)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀚𑀸𑀭 (maṃjāra)

Konkani: माजर (māj̈ar), मादुर (mādur)

Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘰𑘽𑘕𑘱𑘨 (māṃjira)

Marathi: मांजर (mānj̈ar)

→ Marathi: मार्जार (mārjār)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀭 (majjāra)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: મંજાર (mañjār)

Saurashtra: ꢪꢛ꣄ꢙꢶꢬꢶ (mañjiri)

Hindi: मँजार (mañjār)

→ Bengali: মার্জার (marjar)

→ Assamese: মাৰ্জাৰ (marzar)

/mɑːɾˈd͡ʑɑː.ɾɐ/

Unknown. Traditionally said to be from the root मृज् (mṛj, “to wipe”), but that is certainly a folk etymology.


वृश्चिक

vṛ́ścika (romanization)
वृश्चिकः (nominative singular)
वृश्चिकौ (dual nominative)
वृश्चिका1 (dual nominative)
वृश्चिकाः (nominative plural)
वृश्चिकासः1 (nominative plural)
वृश्चिक (singular vocative)
वृश्चिकौ (dual vocative)
वृश्चिका1 (dual vocative)
वृश्चिकाः (plural vocative)
वृश्चिकासः1 (plural vocative)
वृश्चिकम् (accusative singular)
वृश्चिकौ (accusative dual)
वृश्चिका1 (accusative dual)
वृश्चिकान् (accusative plural)
वृश्चिकेन (instrumental singular)
वृश्चिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वृश्चिकैः (instrumental plural)
वृश्चिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वृश्चिकाय (dative singular)
वृश्चिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वृश्चिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
वृश्चिकात् (ablative singular)
वृश्चिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वृश्चिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वृश्चिकस्य (genitive singular)
वृश्चिकयोः (dual genitive)
वृश्चिकानाम् (genitive plural)
वृश्चिके (locative singular)
वृश्चिकयोः (dual locative)
वृश्चिकेषु (locative plural)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: বিছা (bisa)

desc

Bengali: বিচ্ছু (bicchu), বিছে (biche), বিছা (bicha)

Sylheti: ꠛꠤꠍꠣ (bisá)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼 (viccu), 𑀯𑀺𑀁𑀙𑀺𑀅 (viṃchia)

Old Marathi: विंचु (viṃcu)

Marathi: विंचू (viñcū)

Pali: vicchika

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀺𑀅 (vicchia), 𑀯𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀼𑀅 (vicchua)

Hindi: बिच्छू (bicchū)

→ Burmese: ဗြိစ္ဆာ (brichca)

→ Hindi: वृश्चिक (vŕścik)

→ Bengali: বৃশ্চিক (briścik)

→ Kannada: ವೃಶ್ಚಿಕ (vṛścika)

→ Khmer: វិច្ឆិកា (vicchekaa)

→ Old Marathi: विश्चिक (viścika)

→ Malayalam: വൃശ്ചികം (vr̥ścikaṁ)

→ Tamil: விருச்சிகம் (viruccikam)

→ Telugu: వృశ్చిక (vr̥ścika), వృశ్చికం (vr̥ścikaṁ), వృశ్చికము (vr̥ścikamu)

→ Thai: พิจิก (pí-jìk)

/ʋŕ̩ɕ.t͡ɕi.kɐ/

Probably from the root व्रश्च् (vraśc, “to cut”). The astrological sense is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek σκορπῐ́ος (skorpíos).

sl

(astrology, astronomy) the zodiacal sign Scorpio


कृमि

kṛ́mi (romanization)
कृमिः (nominative singular)
कृमी (dual nominative)
कृमयः (nominative plural)
कृमे (singular vocative)
कृमी (dual vocative)
कृमयः (plural vocative)
कृमिम् (accusative singular)
कृमी (accusative dual)
कृमीन् (accusative plural)
कृमिणा (instrumental singular)
कृम्या1 (instrumental singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कृमिभिः (instrumental plural)
कृमये (dative singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कृमिभ्यः (dative plural)
कृमेः (ablative singular)
कृम्यः1 (ablative singular)
कृमिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कृमिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कृमेः (genitive singular)
कृम्यः1 (genitive singular)
कृम्योः (dual genitive)
कृमीणाम् (genitive plural)
कृमौ (locative singular)
कृमा1 (locative singular)
कृम्योः (dual locative)
कृमिषु (locative plural)

Pali: kimi

desc

Punjabi: ਕਿਰਮ (kiram, “worm, slug, maggot”)

Odia: କୃମି (krumi)

Bengali: ক্রিমি (krimi)

Bengali: কির্মি (kirmi)

Sinhalese: කිමියා (kimiyā)

→ Malayalam: കൃമി (kr̥mi)

→ Tamil: கிருமி (kirumi)

→ Telugu: క్రిమి (krimi)

>? Romani: kirmo

PIE word
 *kʷŕ̥mis
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *kŕ̥miṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷŕ̥mis (“worm”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *čьrvь (“worm”), Lithuanian kirmìs (“worm”), and Persian کرم (kerm, “worm”).

name of an Asura (brother of Rāvaṇa) (L.)


मक्षिक

makṣika (romanization)
मक्षिकः (nominative singular)
मक्षिकौ (dual nominative)
मक्षिका1 (dual nominative)
मक्षिकाः (nominative plural)
मक्षिकासः1 (nominative plural)
मक्षिक (singular vocative)
मक्षिकौ (dual vocative)
मक्षिका1 (dual vocative)
मक्षिकाः (plural vocative)
मक्षिकासः1 (plural vocative)
मक्षिकम् (accusative singular)
मक्षिकौ (accusative dual)
मक्षिका1 (accusative dual)
मक्षिकान् (accusative plural)
मक्षिकेण (instrumental singular)
मक्षिकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मक्षिकैः (instrumental plural)
मक्षिकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मक्षिकाय (dative singular)
मक्षिकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मक्षिकेभ्यः (dative plural)
मक्षिकात् (ablative singular)
मक्षिकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मक्षिकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मक्षिकस्य (genitive singular)
मक्षिकयोः (dual genitive)
मक्षिकाणाम् (genitive plural)
मक्षिके (locative singular)
मक्षिकयोः (dual locative)
मक्षिकेषु (locative plural)


वाट

vāṭa (romanization)
वाटः (nominative singular)
वाटौ (dual nominative)
वाटाः (nominative plural)
वाट (singular vocative)
वाटौ (dual vocative)
वाटाः (plural vocative)
वाटम् (accusative singular)
वाटौ (accusative dual)
वाटान् (accusative plural)
वाटेन (instrumental singular)
वाटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वाटैः (instrumental plural)
वाटाय (dative singular)
वाटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वाटेभ्यः (dative plural)
वाटात् (ablative singular)
वाटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वाटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वाटस्य (genitive singular)
वाटयोः (dual genitive)
वाटानाम् (genitive plural)
वाटे (locative singular)
वाटयोः (dual locative)
वाटेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of वाट

A Prakritism from Early Eastern Prakrit, from *वार्त्र (vārtra, “any fenced or enclosed structure”), vriddhi of वृत (vṛta, “enclosed”).


मधुलिह्

mádhu-lih (romanization)
मधुलिट् (nominative singular)
मधुलिहौ (dual nominative)
मधुलिहा1 (dual nominative)
मधुलिहः (nominative plural)
मधुलिट् (singular vocative)
मधुलिहौ (dual vocative)
मधुलिहा1 (dual vocative)
मधुलिहः (plural vocative)
मधुलिहम् (accusative singular)
मधुलिहौ (accusative dual)
मधुलिहा1 (accusative dual)
मधुलिहः (accusative plural)
मधुलिहा (instrumental singular)
मधुलिड्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मधुलिड्भिः (instrumental plural)
मधुलिहे (dative singular)
मधुलिड्भ्याम् (dative dual)
मधुलिड्भ्यः (dative plural)
मधुलिहः (ablative singular)
मधुलिड्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
मधुलिड्भ्यः (ablative plural)
मधुलिहः (genitive singular)
मधुलिहोः (dual genitive)
मधुलिहाम् (genitive plural)
मधुलिहि (locative singular)
मधुलिहोः (dual locative)
मधुलिट्सु (locative plural)

From मधु (madhu, “honey”) + लिह् (lih, “licking”). Compare Ancient Greek μέλισσα (mélissa), sometimes said to be from μέλι (méli, “honey”) + the root of λείχω (leíkhō, “lick”).

af

(at the end of a compound) one who has licked the honey of


श्वन्

śván (romanization)
शुनी (feminine)
श्वा (nominative singular)
श्वानौ (dual nominative)
श्वाना1 (dual nominative)
श्वानः (nominative plural)
श्वन् (singular vocative)
श्वानौ (dual vocative)
श्वाना1 (dual vocative)
श्वानः (plural vocative)
श्वानम् (accusative singular)
श्वानौ (accusative dual)
श्वाना1 (accusative dual)
शुनः (accusative plural)
शुना (instrumental singular)
श्वभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वभिः (instrumental plural)
शुने (dative singular)
श्वभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वभ्यः (dative plural)
शुनः (ablative singular)
श्वभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वभ्यः (ablative plural)
शुनः (genitive singular)
शुनोः (dual genitive)
शुनाम् (genitive plural)
शुनि (locative singular)
शुनोः (dual locative)
श्वसु (locative plural)
शुनी (nominative singular)
शुन्यौ (dual nominative)
शुनी1 (dual nominative)
शुन्यः (nominative plural)
शुनीः1 (nominative plural)
शुनि (singular vocative)
शुन्यौ (dual vocative)
शुनी1 (dual vocative)
शुन्यः (plural vocative)
शुनीः1 (plural vocative)
शुनीम् (accusative singular)
शुन्यौ (accusative dual)
शुनी1 (accusative dual)
शुनीः (accusative plural)
शुन्या (instrumental singular)
शुनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शुनीभिः (instrumental plural)
शुन्यै (dative singular)
शुनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
शुनीभ्यः (dative plural)
शुन्याः (ablative singular)
शुन्यै2 (ablative singular)
शुनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शुनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
शुन्याः (genitive singular)
शुन्यै2 (genitive singular)
शुन्योः (dual genitive)
शुनीनाम् (genitive plural)
शुन्याम् (locative singular)
शुन्योः (dual locative)
शुनीषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Kalasha: šọ̃́a

Kashmiri:

Arabic script: ہوٗن (hūn)

Devanagari script: हून (hūn)

Shina: śun

Pali: sā, soṇa

→ Thai: โสณ (sǒo-ná-) (learned)

Prakrit:

Konkani: सूणें (sūṇẽ)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κύων (kúōn, “dog”), Latin canis (“dog”), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬥 (span, “dog”), Lithuanian šuo, Old Armenian շուն (šun), Old English hund (whence English hound).

ना॒वेव॑ नः पारयतं यु॒गेव॒ नभ्ये॑व न उप॒धीव॑ प्र॒धीव॑।
श्वाने॑व नो॒ अरि॑षण्या त॒नूनां॒ खृग॑लेव वि॒स्रसः॑ पातम॒स्मान्॥
nāvéva naḥ pārayataṃ yugéva nábhyeva na upadhī́va pradhī́va.

Bear us across the sea of life, like two vessels, or like the poles of a car, the axles, the spokes, the fellies of two wheels. Be like two dogs, warding off injury to our people, and, like two coats of mail, defend us from decay.

śvā́neva no áriṣaṇyā tanū́nāṃ khṛ́galeva visrásaḥ pātamasmā́n.

प्रतिघातेन सान्त्वस्य दारुणं संप्रवर्तते।
तच्छुनाम्इव गोपादे पण्डितैरुपलक्षितम्॥
pratighātena sāntvasya dāruṇaṃ saṃpravartate.
tacchunāmiva gopāde paṇḍitairupalakṣitam.
With the failure of appeasement, hostility ensues;
This is observed by the wise in a gopāda (brawl?) of dog-like men.

अयं श्वा भूतभव्येश भक्तो मां नित्यमेव ह।
स गच्छेत मया सार्धमानृशंस्या हि मे मतिः॥
ayaṃ śvā bhūtabhavyeśa bhakto māṃ nityameva ha.

O master of past and present, this dog has been constantly loyal to me like no other.
Let him go with me side by side, for the sake of my care (for his wellbeing).

sa gaccheta mayā sārdhamānṛśaṃsyā hi me matiḥ.


आशु

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HaHśúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HaHćúš (“quick, fast, swift”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁oh₁-ḱú-s, from *HéHḱus (“quick”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬁𐬯𐬎 (āsu, “fast, quick”), Latin ocior (“id”), Ancient Greek ὠκύς (ōkús, “id”), Welsh diog (“lazy”, literally “not quick”).


अवि

ávi (romanization)
अविः (nominative singular)
अवी (dual nominative)
अवयः (nominative plural)
अवे (singular vocative)
अवी (dual vocative)
अवयः (plural vocative)
अविम् (accusative singular)
अवी (accusative dual)
अवीन् (accusative plural)
अविना (instrumental singular)
अव्या1 (instrumental singular)
अविभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अविभिः (instrumental plural)
अवये (dative singular)
अविभ्याम् (dative dual)
अविभ्यः (dative plural)
अवेः (ablative singular)
अव्यः1 (ablative singular)
अविभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अविभ्यः (ablative plural)
अवेः (genitive singular)
अव्यः1 (genitive singular)
अव्योः (dual genitive)
अवीनाम् (genitive plural)
अवौ (locative singular)
अवा1 (locative singular)
अव्योः (dual locative)
अविषु (locative plural)
अविः (nominative singular)
अवी (dual nominative)
अवयः (nominative plural)
अवे (singular vocative)
अवी (dual vocative)
अवयः (plural vocative)
अविम् (accusative singular)
अवी (accusative dual)
अवीः (accusative plural)
अव्या (instrumental singular)
अवी1 (instrumental singular)
अविभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अविभिः (instrumental plural)
अवये (dative singular)
अव्यै2 (dative singular)
अवी1 (dative singular)
अविभ्याम् (dative dual)
अविभ्यः (dative plural)
अवेः (ablative singular)
अव्याः2 (ablative singular)
अव्यै3 (ablative singular)
अविभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अविभ्यः (ablative plural)
अवेः (genitive singular)
अव्याः2 (genitive singular)
अव्यै3 (genitive singular)
अव्योः (dual genitive)
अवीनाम् (genitive plural)
अवौ (locative singular)
अव्याम्2 (locative singular)
अवा1 (locative singular)
अव्योः (dual locative)
अविषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háwiṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háwiš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis. Cognate with Latin ovis, Hittite 𒇻𒅖 (ḫāwis), and Old English eowu (whence English ewe).

sheep (mentioned with reference to its wool being used for the soma strainer)


अवि

ávi (romanization)
अविः (nominative singular)
अवी (dual nominative)
अवयः (nominative plural)
अवे (singular vocative)
अवी (dual vocative)
अवयः (plural vocative)
अविम् (accusative singular)
अवी (accusative dual)
अवीन् (accusative plural)
अविना (instrumental singular)
अव्या1 (instrumental singular)
अविभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अविभिः (instrumental plural)
अवये (dative singular)
अविभ्याम् (dative dual)
अविभ्यः (dative plural)
अवेः (ablative singular)
अव्यः1 (ablative singular)
अविभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अविभ्यः (ablative plural)
अवेः (genitive singular)
अव्यः1 (genitive singular)
अव्योः (dual genitive)
अवीनाम् (genitive plural)
अवौ (locative singular)
अवा1 (locative singular)
अव्योः (dual locative)
अविषु (locative plural)


प्लुषि

plúṣi (romanization)
प्लुषिः (nominative singular)
प्लुषी (dual nominative)
प्लुषयः (nominative plural)
प्लुषे (singular vocative)
प्लुषी (dual vocative)
प्लुषयः (plural vocative)
प्लुषिम् (accusative singular)
प्लुषी (accusative dual)
प्लुषीन् (accusative plural)
प्लुषिणा (instrumental singular)
प्लुष्या1 (instrumental singular)
प्लुषिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
प्लुषिभिः (instrumental plural)
प्लुषये (dative singular)
प्लुषिभ्याम् (dative dual)
प्लुषिभ्यः (dative plural)
प्लुषेः (ablative singular)
प्लुष्यः1 (ablative singular)
प्लुषिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
प्लुषिभ्यः (ablative plural)
प्लुषेः (genitive singular)
प्लुष्यः1 (genitive singular)
प्लुष्योः (dual genitive)
प्लुषीणाम् (genitive plural)
प्लुषौ (locative singular)
प्लुषा1 (locative singular)
प्लुष्योः (dual locative)
प्लुषिषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Khowar: پُلُوݰوُ (pulúṣu)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *plúṣiṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *plúšiš, from Proto-Indo-European *plúsis (“flea”). Cognate with Latin pūlex, Ancient Greek ψύλλα (psúlla), Old English flēa (whence English flea).

a prajā́pataye púruṣān hastínā ā́labʰate vācé plúṣīn


अहि

áhi (romanization)
अहिः (nominative singular)
अही (dual nominative)
अहयः (nominative plural)
अहे (singular vocative)
अही (dual vocative)
अहयः (plural vocative)
अहिम् (accusative singular)
अही (accusative dual)
अहीन् (accusative plural)
अहिना (instrumental singular)
अह्या1 (instrumental singular)
अहिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अहिभिः (instrumental plural)
अहये (dative singular)
अहिभ्याम् (dative dual)
अहिभ्यः (dative plural)
अहेः (ablative singular)
अह्यः1 (ablative singular)
अहिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अहिभ्यः (ablative plural)
अहेः (genitive singular)
अह्यः1 (genitive singular)
अह्योः (dual genitive)
अहीनाम् (genitive plural)
अहौ (locative singular)
अहा1 (locative singular)
अह्योः (dual locative)
अहिषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Khowar: آیی (ayí)

Pali: ahi

→ Assamese: অহি (ohi)

→ Bengali: অহি (ohi)

→ Marathi: अहि (ahi)

→ Tamil: அகி (aki)

→ Telugu: అహి (ahi)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háǰʰiš (“snake, serpent”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ógʷʰis (“snake”). Cognates include Avestan 𐬀𐬲𐬌 (aži), Ancient Greek ὄφις (óphis), Old Armenian իժ (iž).

inh

the serpent of the sky, the demon Vritra


नव

náva (romanization)
नवः (nominative singular)
नवौ (dual nominative)
नवा1 (dual nominative)
नवाः (nominative plural)
नवासः1 (nominative plural)
नव (singular vocative)
नवौ (dual vocative)
नवा1 (dual vocative)
नवाः (plural vocative)
नवासः1 (plural vocative)
नवम् (accusative singular)
नवौ (accusative dual)
नवा1 (accusative dual)
नवान् (accusative plural)
नवेन (instrumental singular)
नवाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नवैः (instrumental plural)
नवेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नवाय (dative singular)
नवाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नवेभ्यः (dative plural)
नवात् (ablative singular)
नवाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नवेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नवस्य (genitive singular)
नवयोः (dual genitive)
नवानाम् (genitive plural)
नवे (locative singular)
नवयोः (dual locative)
नवेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *náwas (“new”), from Proto-Indo-European *néwos.
Cognates
Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀 (nauua), Persian نو (now), Ancient Greek νέος (néos), Latin novus, Tocharian B ñuwe, Old Church Slavonic новъ (novŭ), Old English nīewe (whence English new).


तित्तिरि

tittíri (romanization)
तित्तिरिः (nominative singular)
तित्तिरी (dual nominative)
तित्तिरयः (nominative plural)
तित्तिरे (singular vocative)
तित्तिरी (dual vocative)
तित्तिरयः (plural vocative)
तित्तिरिम् (accusative singular)
तित्तिरी (accusative dual)
तित्तिरीन् (accusative plural)
तित्तिरिणा (instrumental singular)
तित्तिरिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तित्तिरिभिः (instrumental plural)
तित्तिरये (dative singular)
तित्तिरिभ्याम् (dative dual)
तित्तिरिभ्यः (dative plural)
तित्तिरेः (ablative singular)
तित्तिरिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तित्तिरिभ्यः (ablative plural)
तित्तिरेः (genitive singular)
तित्तिर्योः (dual genitive)
तित्तिरीणाम् (genitive plural)
तित्तिरौ (locative singular)
तित्तिर्योः (dual locative)
तित्तिरिषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine i-stem declension of तित्तिरि

तित्तिरिभ्याम्

तित्तिरिभ्याम्

तित्तिरिभ्यः

तित्तिरिभ्याम्

तित्तिरिभ्यः

तित्तिरीणाम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

तित्तिरिभ्याम्

तित्तिरिभ्याम्

तित्तिरिभ्यः

तित्तिरिभ्याम्

तित्तिरिभ्यः

तित्तिरीणाम्


शारि

śā́ri (romanization)
शारिः (nominative singular)
शारी (dual nominative)
शारयः (nominative plural)
शारे (singular vocative)
शारी (dual vocative)
शारयः (plural vocative)
शारिम् (accusative singular)
शारी (accusative dual)
शारीः (accusative plural)
शार्या (instrumental singular)
शारिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शारिभिः (instrumental plural)
शार्यै (dative singular)
शारये (dative singular)
शारिभ्याम् (dative dual)
शारिभ्यः (dative plural)
शार्याः (ablative singular)
शारेः (ablative singular)
शारिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शारिभ्यः (ablative plural)
शार्याः (genitive singular)
शारेः (genitive singular)
शार्योः (dual genitive)
शारीनाम् (genitive plural)
शार्याम् (locative singular)
शारौ (locative singular)
शार्योः (dual locative)
शारिषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine i-stem declension of शारि

शार्यै / शारये

शार्याः / शारेः

शार्याः / शारेः

शार्याम् / शारौ

sa-decl-noun/cell

शार्याः / शारेः

शार्यै / शारये

शार्याः / शारेः

शार्याः / शारेः

शार्याम् / शारौ

Gracula religiosa
Gracula religiosa#Translingual

a particular bird (commonly called myna, either Gracula religiosa or Turdus salica)


शारि

śā́ri (romanization)
शारिः (nominative singular)
शारी (dual nominative)
शारयः (nominative plural)
शारे (singular vocative)
शारी (dual vocative)
शारयः (plural vocative)
शारिम् (accusative singular)
शारी (accusative dual)
शारीन् (accusative plural)
शारिना (instrumental singular)
शारिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शारिभिः (instrumental plural)
शारये (dative singular)
शारिभ्याम् (dative dual)
शारिभ्यः (dative plural)
शारेः (ablative singular)
शारिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शारिभ्यः (ablative plural)
शारेः (genitive singular)
शार्योः (dual genitive)
शारीनाम् (genitive plural)
शारौ (locative singular)
शार्योः (dual locative)
शारिषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine i-stem declension of शारि

(chess) chessman, piece at chess (or at a kind of draughts)


तित्तिर

tittirá (romanization)
तित्तिरः (nominative singular)
तित्तिरौ (dual nominative)
तित्तिरा1 (dual nominative)
तित्तिराः (nominative plural)
तित्तिरासः1 (nominative plural)
तित्तिर (singular vocative)
तित्तिरौ (dual vocative)
तित्तिरा1 (dual vocative)
तित्तिराः (plural vocative)
तित्तिरासः1 (plural vocative)
तित्तिरम् (accusative singular)
तित्तिरौ (accusative dual)
तित्तिरा1 (accusative dual)
तित्तिरान् (accusative plural)
तित्तिरेण (instrumental singular)
तित्तिराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
तित्तिरैः (instrumental plural)
तित्तिरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
तित्तिराय (dative singular)
तित्तिराभ्याम् (dative dual)
तित्तिरेभ्यः (dative plural)
तित्तिरात् (ablative singular)
तित्तिराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
तित्तिरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
तित्तिरस्य (genitive singular)
तित्तिरयोः (dual genitive)
तित्तिराणाम् (genitive plural)
तित्तिरे (locative singular)
तित्तिरयोः (dual locative)
तित्तिरेषु (locative plural)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Bhojpuri: तीतर (tītar)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: তিতৰ (titor), তিতৌ (titou)

Bengali: তিতির (titir), টিটির (ṭiṭir)

Sylheti: ꠔꠤꠔꠞ (titor)

Maharastri Prakrit:

desc

Old Marathi: तीतीर (tītīra), तीतुर (tītura)

Marathi: तितर (titar)

Pali: tittira

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀢𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀭 (tittira)

Gujarati: તીતર (tītar)

Hindi: तीतर (tītar)

Nepali: तितर (titar)

Punjabi: ਤਿੱਤਰ (tittar)

From Proto-Indo-European *teter (“grouse”). Cognate with Ancient Greek τετράων (tetráōn), Latin turtur, Old Armenian տատրակ (tatrak).


जाङ्गल

head

जाङ्गल • (jāṅgala)

jāṅgala (romanization)
जाङ्गलः (nominative singular)
जाङ्गलौ (dual nominative)
जाङ्गलाः (nominative plural)
जाङ्गल (singular vocative)
जाङ्गलौ (dual vocative)
जाङ्गलाः (plural vocative)
जाङ्गलम् (accusative singular)
जाङ्गलौ (accusative dual)
जाङ्गलान् (accusative plural)
जाङ्गलेन (instrumental singular)
जाङ्गलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जाङ्गलैः (instrumental plural)
जाङ्गलाय (dative singular)
जाङ्गलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जाङ्गलेभ्यः (dative plural)
जाङ्गलात् (ablative singular)
जाङ्गलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जाङ्गलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जाङ्गलस्य (genitive singular)
जाङ्गलयोः (dual genitive)
जाङ्गलानाम् (genitive plural)
जाङ्गले (locative singular)
जाङ्गलयोः (dual locative)
जाङ्गलेषु (locative plural)
जाङ्गला (nominative singular)
जाङ्गले (dual nominative)
जाङ्गलाः (nominative plural)
जाङ्गले (singular vocative)
जाङ्गले (dual vocative)
जाङ्गलाः (plural vocative)
जाङ्गलाम् (accusative singular)
जाङ्गले (accusative dual)
जाङ्गलाः (accusative plural)
जाङ्गलया (instrumental singular)
जाङ्गलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जाङ्गलाभिः (instrumental plural)
जाङ्गलायै (dative singular)
जाङ्गलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जाङ्गलाभ्यः (dative plural)
जाङ्गलायाः (ablative singular)
जाङ्गलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जाङ्गलाभ्यः (ablative plural)
जाङ्गलायाः (genitive singular)
जाङ्गलयोः (dual genitive)
जाङ्गलानाम् (genitive plural)
जाङ्गलायाम् (locative singular)
जाङ्गलयोः (dual locative)
जाङ्गलासु (locative plural)
जाङ्गलम् (nominative singular)
जाङ्गले (dual nominative)
जाङ्गलानि (nominative plural)
जाङ्गल (singular vocative)
जाङ्गले (dual vocative)
जाङ्गलानि (plural vocative)
जाङ्गलम् (accusative singular)
जाङ्गले (accusative dual)
जाङ्गलानि (accusative plural)
जाङ्गलेन (instrumental singular)
जाङ्गलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
जाङ्गलैः (instrumental plural)
जाङ्गलाय (dative singular)
जाङ्गलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
जाङ्गलेभ्यः (dative plural)
जाङ्गलात् (ablative singular)
जाङ्गलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
जाङ्गलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
जाङ्गलस्य (genitive singular)
जाङ्गलयोः (dual genitive)
जाङ्गलानाम् (genitive plural)
जाङ्गले (locative singular)
जाङ्गलयोः (dual locative)
जाङ्गलेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of जाङ्गल

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of जाङ्गल

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">जाङ्गल</i>

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

जाङ्गलाभ्याम्

Punjabi: جھَنگ (Jhang)

→ Urdu: جھنگ (Jhang)

made of arid wood, coming from wild deer


कर्कट

karkaṭa (romanization)
कर्कटः (nominative singular)
कर्कटौ (dual nominative)
कर्कटा1 (dual nominative)
कर्कटाः (nominative plural)
कर्कटासः1 (nominative plural)
कर्कट (singular vocative)
कर्कटौ (dual vocative)
कर्कटा1 (dual vocative)
कर्कटाः (plural vocative)
कर्कटासः1 (plural vocative)
कर्कटम् (accusative singular)
कर्कटौ (accusative dual)
कर्कटा1 (accusative dual)
कर्कटान् (accusative plural)
कर्कटेन (instrumental singular)
कर्कटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कर्कटैः (instrumental plural)
कर्कटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कर्कटाय (dative singular)
कर्कटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कर्कटेभ्यः (dative plural)
कर्कटात् (ablative singular)
कर्कटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कर्कटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कर्कटस्य (genitive singular)
कर्कटयोः (dual genitive)
कर्कटानाम् (genitive plural)
कर्कटे (locative singular)
कर्कटयोः (dual locative)
कर्कटेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Tirahi: [script needed] (kaṅgarā́)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: කකුළුවා (kakuḷuwā)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)

Old Marathi:

Marathi: खेकडा (khekḍā)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)

Early Assamese: কাঙ্কৰা (kaṅkora)

Middle Assamese: কঁকৰা (kõkora)

desc

Assamese: কেঁকোৰা (kẽküra), কাঁক্ৰা (kãkra) (Kamrupi dialect)

→ Bodo (India): खांख्राय (kangkray)

→ Dimasa: khangkrai

Old Bengali: কাংকডা (kāṃkaḍā)

Middle Bengali: কাঁকড়া (kãkoṛa)

Bengali: কাঁকড়া (kãkṛa)

Sylheti: ꠇꠣꠇꠠꠣ (xaxoṛa)

Kamta: কাঁকৰা (kãkora)

Odia: କାଂକଡ଼ା (kāṅkaṛā), କାକାଡ଼ା (kākāṛā)

Pali: kakkaṭaka

→ Khmer: កក្កដា (kakkaʼdaa)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)

Hindustani:

Hindi: केकड़ (kekaṛ), केकड़ा (kekṛā)

Urdu: کےکَڑ (kekaṛ), کیکڑا

Punjabi: ਕੇਕੜਾ (kekṛā)

Lahnda: [script needed] (kakkaṛ)

Western:

Sindhi:

Devanagari script: केकड़ो

Arabic script: ڪڪڙ

→ Bengali: কর্কট (korkoṭ)

→ Dhivehi: ކަރުކަށަ (karukaṣa)

→ Telugu: కర్కటము (karkaṭamu)

→ Thai: กรกฎ (gɔɔ-rá-gòt)

→ Tibetan: ཀརྐ་ཊ (krka ṭa)

→ Burmese: ကရကဋ် (ka.ra.kat)

→ Classical Newar: कखडि

Newar: कःलि (ka:li)

/ˈkɐɾ.kɐ.ʈɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *karkartas, according to Pokorny, related to कर्कर (karkara, “hard”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂er- (“hard”) (see also Welsh crach (“crust”), Proto-Slavic *rakъ (“crayfish”)). Latin cancer and Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos, “crab”) could also be related, but this is uncertain.
More likely from a substrate language, and possibly cognate with Santali ᱠᱟᱴᱠᱚᱢ (kaṭkôm); however, this is uncertain, as the latter could also be from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kt₁aam. However, the Santali word is definitely not borrowed from Sanskrit; and a borrowing from Munda languages into Sanskrit is not verifiable.

cog

the curved end of the beam of a balance (to which the strings supporting the scale are attached)


मणि

maṇí (romanization)
मणिः (nominative singular)
मणी (dual nominative)
मणयः (nominative plural)
मणे (singular vocative)
मणी (dual vocative)
मणयः (plural vocative)
मणिम् (accusative singular)
मणी (accusative dual)
मणीन् (accusative plural)
मणिना (instrumental singular)
मण्या1 (instrumental singular)
मणिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मणिभिः (instrumental plural)
मणये (dative singular)
मणिभ्याम् (dative dual)
मणिभ्यः (dative plural)
मणेः (ablative singular)
मण्यः1 (ablative singular)
मणिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मणिभ्यः (ablative plural)
मणेः (genitive singular)
मण्यः1 (genitive singular)
मण्योः (dual genitive)
मणीनाम् (genitive plural)
मणौ (locative singular)
मणा1 (locative singular)
मण्योः (dual locative)
मणिषु (locative plural)

Pali: maṇi

→ Burmese: မဏိ (ma.ni.)

→ Hindi: मणि (maṇi)

→ Malayalam: മണി (maṇi)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: maṇi, maṇik
Javanese: ꦩꦤꦶꦏ꧀ (manik)
→ Balinese: ᬫᬡᬷᬓ᭄ (manik)

→ Tamil: மணி (maṇi)

→ Telugu: మణి (maṇi)

→ Urdu: منی (manī)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *maníṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *maníš, from Proto-Indo-European *mon-is (“ornament, jewel”), from *mon- (“neck”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬎-𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌 (zar^ənu-maⁱni, “with a golden neck ornament”), Latin monile (“jewel”), Old Norse men (“necklace”), Old English mene (“necklace”).

cog

𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬎-𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌

c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā


विहार

vihāra (romanization)
विहारः (nominative singular)
विहारौ (dual nominative)
विहारा1 (dual nominative)
विहाराः (nominative plural)
विहारासः1 (nominative plural)
विहार (singular vocative)
विहारौ (dual vocative)
विहारा1 (dual vocative)
विहाराः (plural vocative)
विहारासः1 (plural vocative)
विहारम् (accusative singular)
विहारौ (accusative dual)
विहारा1 (accusative dual)
विहारान् (accusative plural)
विहारेण (instrumental singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
विहारैः (instrumental plural)
विहारेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
विहाराय (dative singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (dative dual)
विहारेभ्यः (dative plural)
विहारात् (ablative singular)
विहाराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
विहारेभ्यः (ablative plural)
विहारस्य (genitive singular)
विहारयोः (dual genitive)
विहाराणाम् (genitive plural)
विहारे (locative singular)
विहारयोः (dual locative)
विहारेषु (locative plural)

Bengali: বিহার (bihar)

Hindi: बिहार (bihār)

→ English: vihara

→ Burmese: ဝိဟာရ (wi.hara.)

→ Khmer: វិហារ (vihiə)

→ Javanese: ꦮꦶꦲꦫ (wihara)

→ Indonesian: wihara

→ Lao: ວິຫານ (wi hān)

→ Lü: ᦞᦲᦠᦱᧃ (viiḣaan)

→ Malay: biara

Indonesian: biara

→ Northern Thai: ᩅᩥᩉᩣ᩠ᩁ

Sinhalese: විහාර (wihāra)

→ Thai: วิหาร (wí-hǎan)

From वि- (vi-, suffix indicating distribution, opposition or arrangement) + हार (hāra, “bearing, carrying”, from हर (hara)).

af

from <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">हर</i> (hara)

(at the end of a compound) delighting in


नाग

nāgá (romanization)
नागः (nominative singular)
नागौ (dual nominative)
नागा1 (dual nominative)
नागाः (nominative plural)
नागासः1 (nominative plural)
नाग (singular vocative)
नागौ (dual vocative)
नागा1 (dual vocative)
नागाः (plural vocative)
नागासः1 (plural vocative)
नागम् (accusative singular)
नागौ (accusative dual)
नागा1 (accusative dual)
नागान् (accusative plural)
नागेन (instrumental singular)
नागाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नागैः (instrumental plural)
नागेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नागाय (dative singular)
नागाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नागेभ्यः (dative plural)
नागात् (ablative singular)
नागाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नागेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नागस्य (genitive singular)
नागयोः (dual genitive)
नागानाम् (genitive plural)
नागे (locative singular)
नागयोः (dual locative)
नागेषु (locative plural)

Pali: nāga

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀬 (ṇāya)

Sinhalese: නයා (nayā)

Punjabi: ਨਾਗ (nāg, “cobra”)

Saraiki: نانگ (nāng, “snake”)

Sindhi: نانگ (“snake”)

→ Burmese: နဂါး (na.ga:), နာဂ (naga.)

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 那伽 (nàjiā)

→ English: naga, naja

→ Hindi: नाग (nāg)

→ Bengali: নাগ (nag)

→ Italian: naga

→ Kannada: ನಾಗ (nāga)

desc

→ Kashmiri: ناگ (nāg, “snake, lake, spring”)

→ Khmer: នាគ (niək)

→ Lao: ນາກ (nāk)

→ Lü: ᦓᦱᧅ (naak)

→ Malayalam: നാഗം (nāgaṁ)

→ Malay: naga

Indonesian: naga

→ Mon: နာ်

→ Odia: ନାଗ (nāga)

→ Tamil: நாக (nāka), நாகம் (nākam)

Tampuan: ណាក

→ Telugu: నాగము (nāgamu)

→ Thai: นาค (nâak)

Probably the same word as नाग (nāga, “elephant”). Both the meanings “snake” and “elephant” can be explained as “*naked, hairless animal”, from Proto-Indo-European *nogʷós (“naked”). Cognate with Lithuanian núogas (“naked”). See also नग्न (nagná-, “naked”).
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)nog-ó-s, from *(s)neg- (“to crawl; a creeping thing”) and cognate with Old English snaca (whence English snake).

c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa

a snake, especially of species {{taxfmt|Naja naja|species (syn. Coluber naja)

any of several plants (Mesua roxburghii, Rottlera tinctoria etc.)


नाग

nāgá (romanization)
नागः (nominative singular)
नागौ (dual nominative)
नागा1 (dual nominative)
नागाः (nominative plural)
नागासः1 (nominative plural)
नाग (singular vocative)
नागौ (dual vocative)
नागा1 (dual vocative)
नागाः (plural vocative)
नागासः1 (plural vocative)
नागम् (accusative singular)
नागौ (accusative dual)
नागा1 (accusative dual)
नागान् (accusative plural)
नागेन (instrumental singular)
नागाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नागैः (instrumental plural)
नागेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नागाय (dative singular)
नागाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नागेभ्यः (dative plural)
नागात् (ablative singular)
नागाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नागेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नागस्य (genitive singular)
नागयोः (dual genitive)
नागानाम् (genitive plural)
नागे (locative singular)
नागयोः (dual locative)
नागेषु (locative plural)
नागा (nominative singular)
नागे (dual nominative)
नागाः (nominative plural)
नागे (singular vocative)
नागे (dual vocative)
नागाः (plural vocative)
नागाम् (accusative singular)
नागे (accusative dual)
नागाः (accusative plural)
नागया (instrumental singular)
नागा1 (instrumental singular)
नागाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नागाभिः (instrumental plural)
नागायै (dative singular)
नागाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नागाभ्यः (dative plural)
नागायाः (ablative singular)
नागायै2 (ablative singular)
नागाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नागाभ्यः (ablative plural)
नागायाः (genitive singular)
नागायै2 (genitive singular)
नागयोः (dual genitive)
नागानाम् (genitive plural)
नागायाम् (locative singular)
नागयोः (dual locative)
नागासु (locative plural)
नागम् (nominative singular)
नागे (dual nominative)
नागानि (nominative plural)
नागा1 (nominative plural)
नाग (singular vocative)
नागे (dual vocative)
नागानि (plural vocative)
नागा1 (plural vocative)
नागम् (accusative singular)
नागे (accusative dual)
नागानि (accusative plural)
नागा1 (accusative plural)
नागेन (instrumental singular)
नागाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नागैः (instrumental plural)
नागेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नागाय (dative singular)
नागाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नागेभ्यः (dative plural)
नागात् (ablative singular)
नागाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नागेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नागस्य (genitive singular)
नागयोः (dual genitive)
नागानाम् (genitive plural)
नागे (locative singular)
नागयोः (dual locative)
नागेषु (locative plural)
नागी (nominative singular)
नाग्यौ (dual nominative)
नागी1 (dual nominative)
नाग्यः (nominative plural)
नागीः1 (nominative plural)
नागि (singular vocative)
नाग्यौ (dual vocative)
नागी1 (dual vocative)
नाग्यः (plural vocative)
नागीः1 (plural vocative)
नागीम् (accusative singular)
नाग्यौ (accusative dual)
नागी1 (accusative dual)
नागीः (accusative plural)
नाग्या (instrumental singular)
नागीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नागीभिः (instrumental plural)
नाग्यै (dative singular)
नागीभ्याम् (dative dual)
नागीभ्यः (dative plural)
नाग्याः (ablative singular)
नाग्यै2 (ablative singular)
नागीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नागीभ्यः (ablative plural)
नाग्याः (genitive singular)
नाग्यै2 (genitive singular)
नाग्योः (dual genitive)
नागीनाम् (genitive plural)
नाग्याम् (locative singular)
नाग्योः (dual locative)
नागीषु (locative plural)

formed of snakes, relating to serpents or serpents-demons, snaky, serpentine, serpent-like


नाग

nāgá (romanization)
नागम् (nominative singular)
नागे (dual nominative)
नागानि (nominative plural)
नागा1 (nominative plural)
नाग (singular vocative)
नागे (dual vocative)
नागानि (plural vocative)
नागा1 (plural vocative)
नागम् (accusative singular)
नागे (accusative dual)
नागानि (accusative plural)
नागा1 (accusative plural)
नागेन (instrumental singular)
नागाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
नागैः (instrumental plural)
नागेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
नागाय (dative singular)
नागाभ्याम् (dative dual)
नागेभ्यः (dative plural)
नागात् (ablative singular)
नागाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
नागेभ्यः (ablative plural)
नागस्य (genitive singular)
नागयोः (dual genitive)
नागानाम् (genitive plural)
नागे (locative singular)
नागयोः (dual locative)
नागेषु (locative plural)

Probably borrowed from Semitic, ultimately from Sumerian 𒀭𒈾 (anna). Compare Classical Syriac ܐܢܟܐ (ʾānḵāʾ, “tin”), Biblical Hebrew אֲנָךְ (ʾănāḵ) , Arabic آنُك (ʔānuk, “lead; tin”).


नाग

Old Javanese: nāga (see there for further descendants)

Pali: nāga (“elephant”)

Prakrit: 𑀡𑀸𑀬 (ṇāya)

From Proto-Indo-European *nogʷós (“naked”). See नाग (nāga, “snake”).

श्रुत्वा ततः स्त्रीजनवल्लभानां मनोज्ञभावं पुरकाननानाम् ।
बहिःप्रयाणाय चकार बुद्धिम् अन्तर्गृहे नाग इवावरुद्धः ॥
śrutvā tataḥ strījanavallabhānāṃ manojñabhāvaṃ purakānanānām.

c. 80 CE – 150 CE, Aśvaghoṣa, Buddhacarita 3.2

1893 translation by E. B. Cowell
Having heard of the delightful appearance of the city groves beloved by the women,
He resolved to go out of doors, like an elephant long shut up in a house.

bahiḥprayāṇāya cakāra buddhim antargṛhe nāga ivāvaruddhaḥ.


सूकर

sūkará (romanization)
सूकरः (nominative singular)
सूकरौ (dual nominative)
सूकरा1 (dual nominative)
सूकराः (nominative plural)
सूकरासः1 (nominative plural)
सूकर (singular vocative)
सूकरौ (dual vocative)
सूकरा1 (dual vocative)
सूकराः (plural vocative)
सूकरासः1 (plural vocative)
सूकरम् (accusative singular)
सूकरौ (accusative dual)
सूकरा1 (accusative dual)
सूकरान् (accusative plural)
सूकरेण (instrumental singular)
सूकराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सूकरैः (instrumental plural)
सूकरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सूकराय (dative singular)
सूकराभ्याम् (dative dual)
सूकरेभ्यः (dative plural)
सूकरात् (ablative singular)
सूकराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सूकरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सूकरस्य (genitive singular)
सूकरयोः (dual genitive)
सूकराणाम् (genitive plural)
सूकरे (locative singular)
सूकरयोः (dual locative)
सूकरेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀲𑀽𑀓𑀭 (*sūkara), 𑀲𑀼𑀓𑀮 (sukala /sūkala/)

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: सुँगुर् (sũgur)

Magadhi Prakrit: *𑀲𑀽𑀅𑀭 (*sūara)

Bengali: শুয়োর (śuẏōr)

Rohingya: cúwor

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀽𑀅𑀭 (sūara)

Old Marathi: सोवर (sovara)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀽𑀕𑀭 (sūgara), *𑀲𑀽𑀅𑀭 (*sūara)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Gujarati: સૂવર (sūvar)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindi: सूअर (sūar)

Urdu: سؤر (sūar)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਸੂਰ (sūr) / سُوْر (sūr)

Pali: sūkara

→ Thai: สุกร (sù-gɔɔn)

→ Old Marathi: सुक्र (sukra), सूकर (sūkara)

→ Proto-Munda: *sukuri

Mundari: [script needed] (suku'ri) (Darigutu)

Santali: ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ (sukri)

→ Telugu: సూకరము (sūkaramu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *suHkarás (“pig, boar”), from Proto-Indo-European *suH- (“pig, hog, swine”).
Cognate with Ancient Greek ὗς (hûs, “pig”), Latin sūs (“pig”), Avestan 𐬵𐬏 (hū), Persian خوک (xuk), Old English swīn (whence English swine), English sow, Bulgarian свиня́ (svinjá).

inh

त्वं सूकरस्य दर्दृहि तव दर्दर्तु सूकरः ।

Be on thy guard against the boar, and let the boar beware of thee.

tvaṃ sūkarasya dardṛhi tava dardartu sūkaraḥ.


शृगाल

śṛgāla (romanization)
शृगालः (nominative singular)
शृगालौ (dual nominative)
शृगाला1 (dual nominative)
शृगालाः (nominative plural)
शृगालासः1 (nominative plural)
शृगाल (singular vocative)
शृगालौ (dual vocative)
शृगाला1 (dual vocative)
शृगालाः (plural vocative)
शृगालासः1 (plural vocative)
शृगालम् (accusative singular)
शृगालौ (accusative dual)
शृगाला1 (accusative dual)
शृगालान् (accusative plural)
शृगालेन (instrumental singular)
शृगालाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शृगालैः (instrumental plural)
शृगालेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
शृगालाय (dative singular)
शृगालाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शृगालेभ्यः (dative plural)
शृगालात् (ablative singular)
शृगालाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शृगालेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शृगालस्य (genitive singular)
शृगालयोः (dual genitive)
शृगालानाम् (genitive plural)
शृगाले (locative singular)
शृगालयोः (dual locative)
शृगालेषु (locative plural)

→ Middle Persian: 𐬱𐬖𐬀𐬮 (šγal) (see there for further descendants)

→ Malay: serigala (“wolf”)

→ Thai: ศิคาล (sì-kaan, “fox”)

/ɕr̩.ɡɑː.lɐ/

/ɕr̩ˈɡɑː.l̪ɐ/

सृगाल सृगाल#Sanskrit


घोटक

sa-noun

घोटक • (ghoṭaka) stem, m (feminine घोटकी or घोटिका)

ghoṭaka (romanization)
घोटकी (feminine)
घोटिका (feminine)
घोटकः (nominative singular)
घोटकौ (dual nominative)
घोटका1 (dual nominative)
घोटकाः (nominative plural)
घोटकासः1 (nominative plural)
घोटक (singular vocative)
घोटकौ (dual vocative)
घोटका1 (dual vocative)
घोटकाः (plural vocative)
घोटकासः1 (plural vocative)
घोटकम् (accusative singular)
घोटकौ (accusative dual)
घोटका1 (accusative dual)
घोटकान् (accusative plural)
घोटकेन (instrumental singular)
घोटकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घोटकैः (instrumental plural)
घोटकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
घोटकाय (dative singular)
घोटकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घोटकेभ्यः (dative plural)
घोटकात् (ablative singular)
घोटकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घोटकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
घोटकस्य (genitive singular)
घोटकयोः (dual genitive)
घोटकानाम् (genitive plural)
घोटके (locative singular)
घोटकयोः (dual locative)
घोटकेषु (locative plural)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Fiji Hindi: ghorra

Magadhi Prakrit:

desctree

Early Assamese: ঘোড়া (ghöṛa)
Assamese: ঘোঁৰা (ghü̃ra)

Bengali: ঘোড়া (ghōṛa)

Odia: ଘୋଡ଼ା (ghoṛā)

Rohingya: gúra

Sylheti: ꠊꠥꠠꠣ (gúṛa)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: घोडो (ghoḍô)

Old Marathi: 𑘑𑘻𑘚𑘳 (ghoḍu)

Marathi: घोडा (ghoḍā)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀖𑁄𑀟𑀕 (ghoḍaga)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: ઘોડો (ghoḍo)

Marwari: घोड़ौ (ghoṛau)

Saurashtra: ꢕꣁꢞꣁ (ghoḍo)

Hindustani:

Hindi: घोड़ा (ghoṛā)

Urdu: گھوڑا (ghoṛā)

Nepali: घोडा (ghoḍā)

Punjabi: ਘੋੜਾ (ghoṛā) / گھوڑا (ghoṛā)

Romani: khuro

Sindhi: گهوڙو / घोड़ो (ghoṛo)

→ Old Javanese: kuda
> Javanese: ꦏꦸꦢ (kuda) (inherited)
>? Malay: kuda (see there for further descendants)

/ɡʱɐw.ʈɐ.kɐ/

/ˈɡʱoː.ʈɐ.kɐ/

A foreign borrowing; compare Proto-Dravidian *kut-ir-ay (“horse”), whence Tamil குதிரை (kutirai). However, due to the traditional lack of presence and utility of horses in South and Southeast Asia, ultimate origins from Dravidian and Munda are doubtful, and alternative, more western or northern sources of the borrowing have been considered.


स्वश्व

sváśva (romanization)
स्वश्वः (nominative singular)
स्वश्वौ (dual nominative)
स्वश्वाः (nominative plural)
स्वश्व (singular vocative)
स्वश्वौ (dual vocative)
स्वश्वाः (plural vocative)
स्वश्वम् (accusative singular)
स्वश्वौ (accusative dual)
स्वश्वान् (accusative plural)
स्वश्वेन (instrumental singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वश्वैः (instrumental plural)
स्वश्वाय (dative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वश्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वश्वात् (ablative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वश्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वश्वस्य (genitive singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual genitive)
स्वश्वानाम् (genitive plural)
स्वश्वे (locative singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual locative)
स्वश्वेषु (locative plural)
स्वश्वा (nominative singular)
स्वश्वे (dual nominative)
स्वश्वाः (nominative plural)
स्वश्वे (singular vocative)
स्वश्वे (dual vocative)
स्वश्वाः (plural vocative)
स्वश्वाम् (accusative singular)
स्वश्वे (accusative dual)
स्वश्वाः (accusative plural)
स्वश्वया (instrumental singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वश्वाभिः (instrumental plural)
स्वश्वायै (dative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वश्वाभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वश्वायाः (ablative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वश्वाभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वश्वायाः (genitive singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual genitive)
स्वश्वानाम् (genitive plural)
स्वश्वायाम् (locative singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual locative)
स्वश्वासु (locative plural)
स्वश्वम् (nominative singular)
स्वश्वे (dual nominative)
स्वश्वानि (nominative plural)
स्वश्व (singular vocative)
स्वश्वे (dual vocative)
स्वश्वानि (plural vocative)
स्वश्वम् (accusative singular)
स्वश्वे (accusative dual)
स्वश्वानि (accusative plural)
स्वश्वेन (instrumental singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वश्वैः (instrumental plural)
स्वश्वाय (dative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वश्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वश्वात् (ablative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वश्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वश्वस्य (genitive singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual genitive)
स्वश्वानाम् (genitive plural)
स्वश्वे (locative singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual locative)
स्वश्वेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of स्वश्व

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of स्वश्व

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">स्वश्व</i>

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

PIE word
 *h₁éḱwos
सु- (su-) + अश्व (áśva).

RV 5.57.2c
वाशीमन्त रष्टिमन्तो मनीषिणः सुधन्वान इषुमन्तो निषङगिणः |
सवश्वा सथ सुरथाः पर्श्निमातरः सवायुधा मरुतो याथना शुभम ||
vāśīmanta ṛṣṭimanto manīṣiṇaḥ sudhanvāna iṣumanto niṣaṅghiṇaḥ |
svaśvā stha surathāḥ pṛśnimātaraḥ svāyudhā maruto yāthanā śubham ||
Armed with your daggers, full of wisdom, armed with spears, armed with your quivers, armed with arrows, with good bows,
Good horses and good cars have ye, O Prsni's Sons: ye, Maruts, with good weapons go to victory.

having excellent horses, well mounted, well yoked


मूषक

mūṣaka (romanization)
मूषकः (nominative singular)
मूषकौ (dual nominative)
मूषका1 (dual nominative)
मूषकाः (nominative plural)
मूषकासः1 (nominative plural)
मूषक (singular vocative)
मूषकौ (dual vocative)
मूषका1 (dual vocative)
मूषकाः (plural vocative)
मूषकासः1 (plural vocative)
मूषकम् (accusative singular)
मूषकौ (accusative dual)
मूषका1 (accusative dual)
मूषकान् (accusative plural)
मूषकेण (instrumental singular)
मूषकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
मूषकैः (instrumental plural)
मूषकेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
मूषकाय (dative singular)
मूषकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
मूषकेभ्यः (dative plural)
मूषकात् (ablative singular)
मूषकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
मूषकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
मूषकस्य (genitive singular)
मूषकयोः (dual genitive)
मूषकाणाम् (genitive plural)
मूषके (locative singular)
मूषकयोः (dual locative)
मूषकेषु (locative plural)

→ Telugu: మూషకము (mūṣakamu)

From मूष् (mūṣ, “to steal, rob, plunder", literally "mouse”) + -अक (-aka).


आखु

ākhú (romanization)
आखुः (nominative singular)
आखू (dual nominative)
आखवः (nominative plural)
आखो (singular vocative)
आखू (dual vocative)
आखवः (plural vocative)
आखुम् (accusative singular)
आखू (accusative dual)
आखून् (accusative plural)
आखुना (instrumental singular)
आख्वा1 (instrumental singular)
आखुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आखुभिः (instrumental plural)
आखवे (dative singular)
आख्वे1 (dative singular)
आखुभ्याम् (dative dual)
आखुभ्यः (dative plural)
आखोः (ablative singular)
आख्वः1 (ablative singular)
आखुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आखुभ्यः (ablative plural)
आखोः (genitive singular)
आख्वः1 (genitive singular)
आख्वोः (dual genitive)
आखूनाम् (genitive plural)
आखौ (locative singular)
आख्वोः (dual locative)
आखुषु (locative plural)

c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda


आखु

ākhu (romanization)
आखुः (nominative singular)
आखू (dual nominative)
आखवः (nominative plural)
आखो (singular vocative)
आखू (dual vocative)
आखवः (plural vocative)
आखुम् (accusative singular)
आखू (accusative dual)
आखूः (accusative plural)
आख्वा (instrumental singular)
आखुभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
आखुभिः (instrumental plural)
आखवे (dative singular)
आख्वै1 (dative singular)
आखुभ्याम् (dative dual)
आखुभ्यः (dative plural)
आखोः (ablative singular)
आख्वाः1 (ablative singular)
आख्वै2 (ablative singular)
आखुभ्याम् (ablative dual)
आखुभ्यः (ablative plural)
आखोः (genitive singular)
आख्वाः1 (genitive singular)
आख्वै2 (genitive singular)
आख्वोः (dual genitive)
आखूनाम् (genitive plural)
आखौ (locative singular)
आख्वाम्1 (locative singular)
आख्वोः (dual locative)
आखुषु (locative plural)

→ Telugu: ఆఖువు (ākhuvu)

→ Tocharian B: ākhu


घूक

ghūka (romanization)
घूकः (nominative singular)
घूकौ (dual nominative)
घूकाः (nominative plural)
घूक (singular vocative)
घूकौ (dual vocative)
घूकाः (plural vocative)
घूकम् (accusative singular)
घूकौ (accusative dual)
घूकान् (accusative plural)
घूकेन (instrumental singular)
घूकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
घूकैः (instrumental plural)
घूकाय (dative singular)
घूकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
घूकेभ्यः (dative plural)
घूकात् (ablative singular)
घूकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
घूकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
घूकस्य (genitive singular)
घूकयोः (dual genitive)
घूकानाम् (genitive plural)
घूके (locative singular)
घूकयोः (dual locative)
घूकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of घूक

Prakrit: 𑀖𑀽𑀅 (ghūa)

⇒ Prakrit: *𑀖𑀽𑀅-𑀟 (*ghūa-ḍa)

Gujarati: ઘુવડ (ghuvaḍ)

Marathi: घुबड (ghubaḍ)

→ Gujarati: ઘૂક (ghūk) (learned)

→ Hindi: घूक (ghūk) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಘೂಕ (ghūka) (learned)

→ Marwari: (learned)

Devanagari script: घूक (ghūk)

Mahajani script: 𑅘𑅒𑅕 (ghuk)

→ Odia: ଘୂକ (ghuka) (learned)

→ Telugu: ఘూకము (ghūkamu) (learned)

Borrowed from a Dravidian language; compare Tamil கூகை (kūkai), Telugu గూబ (gūba), Kannada ಗೂಬೆ (gūbe).


श्वान

sa-noun

श्वान • (śvāna) stem, m (feminine श्वानी)

śvāna (romanization)
श्वानी (feminine)
श्वानः (nominative singular)
श्वानौ (dual nominative)
श्वाना1 (dual nominative)
श्वानाः (nominative plural)
श्वानासः1 (nominative plural)
श्वान (singular vocative)
श्वानौ (dual vocative)
श्वाना1 (dual vocative)
श्वानाः (plural vocative)
श्वानासः1 (plural vocative)
श्वानम् (accusative singular)
श्वानौ (accusative dual)
श्वाना1 (accusative dual)
श्वानान् (accusative plural)
श्वानेन (instrumental singular)
श्वानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वानैः (instrumental plural)
श्वानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्वानाय (dative singular)
श्वानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वानेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्वानात् (ablative singular)
श्वानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्वानस्य (genitive singular)
श्वानयोः (dual genitive)
श्वानानाम् (genitive plural)
श्वाने (locative singular)
श्वानयोः (dual locative)
श्वानेषु (locative plural)

desctree

Old Javanese: śwāna, śona
> Javanese: ꦱꦺꦴꦤ (sona) (inherited)

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀡 (sāṇa)

Tamil: சுவானம் (cuvāṉam)

Vṛddhi derivative of श्वन् (śván); see there for more.


श्वान

śvāna (romanization)
श्वानः (nominative singular)
श्वानौ (dual nominative)
श्वाना1 (dual nominative)
श्वानाः (nominative plural)
श्वानासः1 (nominative plural)
श्वान (singular vocative)
श्वानौ (dual vocative)
श्वाना1 (dual vocative)
श्वानाः (plural vocative)
श्वानासः1 (plural vocative)
श्वानम् (accusative singular)
श्वानौ (accusative dual)
श्वाना1 (accusative dual)
श्वानान् (accusative plural)
श्वानेन (instrumental singular)
श्वानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वानैः (instrumental plural)
श्वानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्वानाय (dative singular)
श्वानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वानेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्वानात् (ablative singular)
श्वानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्वानस्य (genitive singular)
श्वानयोः (dual genitive)
श्वानानाम् (genitive plural)
श्वाने (locative singular)
श्वानयोः (dual locative)
श्वानेषु (locative plural)
श्वानी (nominative singular)
श्वान्यौ (dual nominative)
श्वानी1 (dual nominative)
श्वान्यः (nominative plural)
श्वानीः1 (nominative plural)
श्वानि (singular vocative)
श्वान्यौ (dual vocative)
श्वानी1 (dual vocative)
श्वान्यः (plural vocative)
श्वानीः1 (plural vocative)
श्वानीम् (accusative singular)
श्वान्यौ (accusative dual)
श्वानी1 (accusative dual)
श्वानीः (accusative plural)
श्वान्या (instrumental singular)
श्वानीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वानीभिः (instrumental plural)
श्वान्यै (dative singular)
श्वानीभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वानीभ्यः (dative plural)
श्वान्याः (ablative singular)
श्वान्यै2 (ablative singular)
श्वानीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वानीभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्वान्याः (genitive singular)
श्वान्यै2 (genitive singular)
श्वान्योः (dual genitive)
श्वानीनाम् (genitive plural)
श्वान्याम् (locative singular)
श्वान्योः (dual locative)
श्वानीषु (locative plural)
श्वानम् (nominative singular)
श्वाने (dual nominative)
श्वानानि (nominative plural)
श्वाना1 (nominative plural)
श्वान (singular vocative)
श्वाने (dual vocative)
श्वानानि (plural vocative)
श्वाना1 (plural vocative)
श्वानम् (accusative singular)
श्वाने (accusative dual)
श्वानानि (accusative plural)
श्वाना1 (accusative plural)
श्वानेन (instrumental singular)
श्वानाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
श्वानैः (instrumental plural)
श्वानेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
श्वानाय (dative singular)
श्वानाभ्याम् (dative dual)
श्वानेभ्यः (dative plural)
श्वानात् (ablative singular)
श्वानाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
श्वानेभ्यः (ablative plural)
श्वानस्य (genitive singular)
श्वानयोः (dual genitive)
श्वानानाम् (genitive plural)
श्वाने (locative singular)
श्वानयोः (dual locative)
श्वानेषु (locative plural)


व्याघ्र

vyāghrá (romanization)
व्याघ्रः (nominative singular)
व्याघ्रौ (dual nominative)
व्याघ्रा1 (dual nominative)
व्याघ्राः (nominative plural)
व्याघ्रासः1 (nominative plural)
व्याघ्र (singular vocative)
व्याघ्रौ (dual vocative)
व्याघ्रा1 (dual vocative)
व्याघ्राः (plural vocative)
व्याघ्रासः1 (plural vocative)
व्याघ्रम् (accusative singular)
व्याघ्रौ (accusative dual)
व्याघ्रा1 (accusative dual)
व्याघ्रान् (accusative plural)
व्याघ्रेण (instrumental singular)
व्याघ्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
व्याघ्रैः (instrumental plural)
व्याघ्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
व्याघ्राय (dative singular)
व्याघ्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
व्याघ्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
व्याघ्रात् (ablative singular)
व्याघ्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
व्याघ्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
व्याघ्रस्य (genitive singular)
व्याघ्रयोः (dual genitive)
व्याघ्राणाम् (genitive plural)
व्याघ्रे (locative singular)
व्याघ्रयोः (dual locative)
व्याघ्रेषु (locative plural)

Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme

Dardic:

Shina: بگ (băg)

Pali: byaggha, vyaggha

Prakrit: 𑀯𑀕𑁆𑀖 (vaggha)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀕𑁆𑀖 (vaggha)
Gujarati: વાઘ (vāgh)
Hindustani: bāgh
Hindi: बाघ
Urdu: باگھ
Saurashtra: ꢮꢵꢔ꣄ (vāg)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀯𑀕𑁆𑀖 (vaggha)

Awadhi: बाघ (bāgh)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit: *𑀩𑀸𑀕𑁆𑀖 (*bāggha)

Assamese: বাঘ (bagh)

Bengali: বাঘ (bagh)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: bāgh

Devanagari script: बाघ

Kaithi script: 𑂥𑂰𑂐

Maithili: बाघ (bāgh)

Bishnupriya Manipuri: বাঘ

Odia: ବାଘ (bāgha)

Rohingya: bag

Sylheti: ꠛꠣꠊ (bagó)

Tanchangya: 𑄝𑄊𑄴 (bagh)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: बाग (bāg)

Kumaoni: बाग (bāg)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: बाघ (bāgh), बाग (bāg)

Western Pahari:

desc

Bhadrawahi: ढ्ळाह्ग (ḍhḷāhg), ढ्ळाग (ḍhḷāg)

Churahi: ब्राह्ग (brāhg)

Kangri: बराघ (barāgh)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: bāgh

Gurmukhi script: ਬਾਘ

Shahmukhi script: باگھ

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: vāghu

Arabic script: وَاگهُ

Devanagari script: वाघु

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ވަގު (vagu)

Sinhalese: වග (waga)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀕𑁆𑀖 (vaggha)

Konkani: vāgu

Devanagari script: वागु

Latin script: vagu

Kannada script: ವಾಗು

Marathi: वाघ (vāgh)

→ Old Armenian: վագր (vagr) (perhaps via an Iranian borrowing)

→ Old Georgian: ვიგრი (vigri) (perhaps via an Iranian borrowing)

→ Malayalam: വ്യാഘ്രം (vyāghraṁ)

→ Telugu: వ్యాఘ్రము (vyāghramu)

→? English: Viagra

/ʋjɑːɡʱ.ɾɐ́/

/ˈʋjɑːɡʱ.ɾɐ/

Unknown; perhaps from Proto-Indo-Aryan *wiHaHagʰrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wiHaHagʰrás, from Proto-Indo-European *wih₁-h₂oh₂ogʰró-s, from *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”) + *h₂o-h₂o-gʰr-ó-s, from *gʰer- (“yellow, orange”). Possible cognate with Ancient Greek ὠχρός (ōkhrós, “ochre, pale”).

cog

a red variety of the castor-oil plant (L.)


वर

sa-adj

वर • (vára) stem (comparative वरीयस्, superlative वरिष्ठ)

vára (romanization)
वरीयस् (comparative)
वरिष्ठ (superlative)
वरः (nominative singular)
वरौ (dual nominative)
वरा1 (dual nominative)
वराः (nominative plural)
वरासः1 (nominative plural)
वर (singular vocative)
वरौ (dual vocative)
वरा1 (dual vocative)
वराः (plural vocative)
वरासः1 (plural vocative)
वरम् (accusative singular)
वरौ (accusative dual)
वरा1 (accusative dual)
वरान् (accusative plural)
वरेण (instrumental singular)
वराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वरैः (instrumental plural)
वरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वराय (dative singular)
वराभ्याम् (dative dual)
वरेभ्यः (dative plural)
वरात् (ablative singular)
वराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वरस्य (genitive singular)
वरयोः (dual genitive)
वराणाम् (genitive plural)
वरे (locative singular)
वरयोः (dual locative)
वरेषु (locative plural)
वरा (nominative singular)
वरे (dual nominative)
वराः (nominative plural)
वरे (singular vocative)
वरे (dual vocative)
वराः (plural vocative)
वराम् (accusative singular)
वरे (accusative dual)
वराः (accusative plural)
वरया (instrumental singular)
वरा1 (instrumental singular)
वराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वराभिः (instrumental plural)
वरायै (dative singular)
वराभ्याम् (dative dual)
वराभ्यः (dative plural)
वरायाः (ablative singular)
वरायै2 (ablative singular)
वराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वराभ्यः (ablative plural)
वरायाः (genitive singular)
वरायै2 (genitive singular)
वरयोः (dual genitive)
वराणाम् (genitive plural)
वरायाम् (locative singular)
वरयोः (dual locative)
वरासु (locative plural)
वरम् (nominative singular)
वरे (dual nominative)
वराणि (nominative plural)
वरा1 (nominative plural)
वर (singular vocative)
वरे (dual vocative)
वराणि (plural vocative)
वरा1 (plural vocative)
वरम् (accusative singular)
वरे (accusative dual)
वराणि (accusative plural)
वरा1 (accusative plural)
वरेण (instrumental singular)
वराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वरैः (instrumental plural)
वरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वराय (dative singular)
वराभ्याम् (dative dual)
वरेभ्यः (dative plural)
वरात् (ablative singular)
वराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वरस्य (genitive singular)
वरयोः (dual genitive)
वराणाम् (genitive plural)
वरे (locative singular)
वरयोः (dual locative)
वरेषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *warás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *warás, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁os (“chosen, wanted (person or thing)”). The Sanskrit root is वृ (√vṛ, “to choose”). The adjective (in the sense of "high quality") and noun (in the sense of "gift") developed from the notion of "select", "chosen".


कपि

kapi (romanization)
कपिः (nominative singular)
कपी (dual nominative)
कपयः (nominative plural)
कपे (singular vocative)
कपी (dual vocative)
कपयः (plural vocative)
कपिम् (accusative singular)
कपी (accusative dual)
कपीन् (accusative plural)
कपिना (instrumental singular)
कप्या1 (instrumental singular)
कपिभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कपिभिः (instrumental plural)
कपये (dative singular)
कपिभ्याम् (dative dual)
कपिभ्यः (dative plural)
कपेः (ablative singular)
कप्यः1 (ablative singular)
कपिभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कपिभ्यः (ablative plural)
कपेः (genitive singular)
कप्यः1 (genitive singular)
कप्योः (dual genitive)
कपीनाम् (genitive plural)
कपौ (locative singular)
कपा1 (locative singular)
कप्योः (dual locative)
कपिषु (locative plural)

Pali: kapi

A foreign Wanderwort, likely borrowed from a western substrate. The same Wanderwort may be reflected in Hebrew קוֹף (qōf), Akkadian uqūpu, Egyptian gfj, Middle Persian [script needed] (kpyk' /kabīg/), Ancient Greek κῆπος (kêpos, “long-tailed monkey”), and Proto-Germanic *apô (“ape, monkey”).


वराह

varāhá (romanization)
वराहः (nominative singular)
वराहौ (dual nominative)
वराहा1 (dual nominative)
वराहाः (nominative plural)
वराहासः1 (nominative plural)
वराह (singular vocative)
वराहौ (dual vocative)
वराहा1 (dual vocative)
वराहाः (plural vocative)
वराहासः1 (plural vocative)
वराहम् (accusative singular)
वराहौ (accusative dual)
वराहा1 (accusative dual)
वराहान् (accusative plural)
वराहेण (instrumental singular)
वराहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वराहैः (instrumental plural)
वराहेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वराहाय (dative singular)
वराहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वराहेभ्यः (dative plural)
वराहात् (ablative singular)
वराहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वराहेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वराहस्य (genitive singular)
वराहयोः (dual genitive)
वराहाणाम् (genitive plural)
वराहे (locative singular)
वराहयोः (dual locative)
वराहेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: বৰা (bora)

Hindi: बढ़ेला (baṛhelā)

Pali: varāha

desctree

→ Old Javanese: warāha
> Javanese: ꦮꦫꦲ (waraha) (inherited)

→ Telugu: వరాహము (varāhamu)

/ʋɐ.ɾɑː.ɦɐ́/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *warāȷ́ʰás (“boar”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬁𐬰𐬀 (varāza), Northern Kurdish beraz.


चक्रवाक

the चक्र bird (Anas casarca; the couples are supposed to be separated and to mourn during night)


महिष

mahiṣá (romanization)
महिषः (nominative singular)
महिषौ (dual nominative)
महिषा1 (dual nominative)
महिषाः (nominative plural)
महिषासः1 (nominative plural)
महिष (singular vocative)
महिषौ (dual vocative)
महिषा1 (dual vocative)
महिषाः (plural vocative)
महिषासः1 (plural vocative)
महिषम् (accusative singular)
महिषौ (accusative dual)
महिषा1 (accusative dual)
महिषान् (accusative plural)
महिषेण (instrumental singular)
महिषाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
महिषैः (instrumental plural)
महिषेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
महिषाय (dative singular)
महिषाभ्याम् (dative dual)
महिषेभ्यः (dative plural)
महिषात् (ablative singular)
महिषाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
महिषेभ्यः (ablative plural)
महिषस्य (genitive singular)
महिषयोः (dual genitive)
महिषाणाम् (genitive plural)
महिषे (locative singular)
महिषयोः (dual locative)
महिषेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀫𑀳𑀺𑀲 (mahisa)
Konkani: म्हस (mhas)
Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘿𑘮𑘺𑘭𑘰 (mhaisā)
Marathi: म्हैसा (mhaisā)

desc

→ Tamil: மகிஷம் (makiṣam), மகிடம் (makiṭam)

From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂s-ó-s, from *méǵh₂s (“big, great”). See महत् (mahat) for more.

प्र सोमा॑सो विप॒श्चितो॒ऽपां न य॑न्त्यू॒र्मयः॑ ।
वना॑नि महि॒षा इ॑व ॥
prá sómāso vipaścítoʼpā́ṃ ná yantyūrmáyaḥ.

The intelligent Soma juices rush along like waves of water, like buffaloes to the forests.


शुक

śúka (romanization)
शुकः (nominative singular)
शुकौ (dual nominative)
शुकाः (nominative plural)
शुक (singular vocative)
शुकौ (dual vocative)
शुकाः (plural vocative)
शुकम् (accusative singular)
शुकौ (accusative dual)
शुकान् (accusative plural)
शुकेन (instrumental singular)
शुकाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
शुकैः (instrumental plural)
शुकाय (dative singular)
शुकाभ्याम् (dative dual)
शुकेभ्यः (dative plural)
शुकात् (ablative singular)
शुकाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
शुकेभ्यः (ablative plural)
शुकस्य (genitive singular)
शुकयोः (dual genitive)
शुकानाम् (genitive plural)
शुके (locative singular)
शुकयोः (dual locative)
शुकेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of शुक

→ Telugu: శుకము (śukamu)

From Proto-Indo-European *kū-, *kew- (“to howl, scream”), see also Saterland Frisian huulje (“to howl”), German heulen (“to howl”), Lithuanian kaukti, Tocharian B kauk-, etc.

A scrambling shrub or tree of species Ziziphus oenopolia (syn. Ziziphus scandens (L.)), found in dry tropical environments from India to eastern China and northeastern Australia.


वानर

vānara (romanization)
वानरः (nominative singular)
वानरौ (dual nominative)
वानरा1 (dual nominative)
वानराः (nominative plural)
वानरासः1 (nominative plural)
वानर (singular vocative)
वानरौ (dual vocative)
वानरा1 (dual vocative)
वानराः (plural vocative)
वानरासः1 (plural vocative)
वानरम् (accusative singular)
वानरौ (accusative dual)
वानरा1 (accusative dual)
वानरान् (accusative plural)
वानरेण (instrumental singular)
वानराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वानरैः (instrumental plural)
वानरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वानराय (dative singular)
वानराभ्याम् (dative dual)
वानरेभ्यः (dative plural)
वानरात् (ablative singular)
वानराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वानरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वानरस्य (genitive singular)
वानरयोः (dual genitive)
वानराणाम् (genitive plural)
वानरे (locative singular)
वानरयोः (dual locative)
वानरेषु (locative plural)

/ˈʋɑː.n̪ɐ.ɾɐ/

Unknown; possibly from वन (vána, “forest”) + नर (nára, “man”). Monier considers it to be a vṛddhi derivative of वनर (vanara, “(something) relating to forest”), from वन (vána, “forest”) + -र (-ra, adjectival suffix). Cognate with Pashto ونهنر (wëna-nar, "woodsman").

com

राक्षसास्तु पुलस्तयस्य वानरा किंनरास्तथा।
यक्षाश्च मनुजव्याघ्र पुत्रास्तस्य च धीमतः।
पुलहस्य मृगाः सिंहा व्याघ्राः किंपुरुषास्तथा ॥
rākṣasāstu pulastayasya vānarā kiṃnarāstathā.
yakṣāśca manujavyāghra putrāstasya ca dhīmataḥ.

pulahasya mṛgāḥ siṃhā vyāghrāḥ kiṃpuruṣāstathā.

इत्युक्तवा स गतो रामं नत्वोवाच हरीश्वरः।
आनीता वानराः सर्वे सीतायाश च गवेषणे॥
ityuktavā sa gato rāmaṃ natvovāca harīśvaraḥ.

ānītā vānarāḥ sarve sītāyāśa ca gaveṣaṇe.