अश्व

áśva (romanization)
अश्वः (nominative singular)
अश्वौ (dual nominative)
अश्वा1 (dual nominative)
अश्वाः (nominative plural)
अश्वासः1 (nominative plural)
अश्व (singular vocative)
अश्वौ (dual vocative)
अश्वा1 (dual vocative)
अश्वाः (plural vocative)
अश्वासः1 (plural vocative)
अश्वम् (accusative singular)
अश्वौ (accusative dual)
अश्वा1 (accusative dual)
अश्वान् (accusative plural)
अश्वेन (instrumental singular)
अश्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्वैः (instrumental plural)
अश्वेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अश्वाय (dative singular)
अश्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्वात् (ablative singular)
अश्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्वस्य (genitive singular)
अश्वयोः (dual genitive)
अश्वानाम् (genitive plural)
अश्वे (locative singular)
अश्वयोः (dual locative)
अश्वेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

desc

Shina: اَںشپوࣿ (ä̃špo)

Shina: اَںشپوࣿ (ä̃špo)

Kalasha: hãš

Bengali: অশ্ব (ośśo)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀆𑀲 (āsa)

Niya Prakrit: 𐨀𐨭𐨿𐨤 (aśpa)

Pali: assa

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (assa)

Marwari: अस (as)

Helu Prakrit:

Sinhalese: අශ්වයා (aśwayā)

→ Bengali: অশ্ব (ośśo) (learned)

→ Hindi: अश्व (aśva) (learned)

→ Kannada: ಅಶ್ವ (aśva) (learned)

→ Marathi: अश्व (aśva) (learned)

→ Old Gujarati: अश्व (aśva) (learned)

→ Gujarati: અશ્વ (aśva) (learned)

→ Sinhalese: අශ්වය (aśwaya) (learned)

→ Indonesian: aswa

→ Lü: ᦁᦱᦌᦱ (ʼaasaa)

→ Malayalam: അശ്വം (aśvaṁ)

→ Telugu: అశ్వము (aśvamu)

→ Thai: อัศว (àt-sà-wá-)

→ Eastern Cham: ꨀꨔꨰꩍ

→ Western Cham: اسايه

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háśwas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćwas (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos (“horse”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬞𐬀 (aspa), Old Persian 𐎠𐎿 (a-s /asa/), Lithuanian ašva, Ancient Greek ἵππος (híppos) Latin equus, Old English eoh.


दण्ड

daṇḍá (romanization)
दण्डः (nominative singular)
दण्डौ (dual nominative)
दण्डा1 (dual nominative)
दण्डाः (nominative plural)
दण्डासः1 (nominative plural)
दण्ड (singular vocative)
दण्डौ (dual vocative)
दण्डा1 (dual vocative)
दण्डाः (plural vocative)
दण्डासः1 (plural vocative)
दण्डम् (accusative singular)
दण्डौ (accusative dual)
दण्डा1 (accusative dual)
दण्डान् (accusative plural)
दण्डेन (instrumental singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
दण्डैः (instrumental plural)
दण्डेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
दण्डाय (dative singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (dative dual)
दण्डेभ्यः (dative plural)
दण्डात् (ablative singular)
दण्डाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
दण्डेभ्यः (ablative plural)
दण्डस्य (genitive singular)
दण्डयोः (dual genitive)
दण्डानाम् (genitive plural)
दण्डे (locative singular)
दण्डयोः (dual locative)
दण्डेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Gawar-Bati: ڈݨڈ (ḍaṇḍ), ڈوݨڈیک (dōṇḍī́k), ڈیݨڈی (ḍḗṇḍī)

Kashmiri: دَن (dan), دۆنُ (donu), ڈَنڈُ (ḍanḍu)

Shina: دوݨ (do̯ṇŭ), ڈونی (ḍṓnī)

Shumashti: dä̃ṛä

Torwali: دن (dan)

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: ḍōn

→ Proto-Nuristani:

Ashkun: dōṇ

Kamkata-viri: duṇ, ḍun, ḍen

Prasuni: ḍuṇḍu, ḍuṇḍū́

Waigali: dūṇ, ḍūṇíṅ, deṇḍī́

Pali: daṇḍa, daṇḍaka

Prakrit: 𑀤𑀀𑀟 (dam̐ḍa), 𑀟𑀀𑀟𑀟𑀀𑀟𑀬 (ḍam̐ḍaḍam̐ḍaya)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Awadhi: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डाँड़ु (ḍā̃ṛu), डाँड़ा (ḍā̃ṛā)

Gujarati: દાઁડો (dām̐ḍo), ડાઁડો (ḍām̐ḍo), દાઁડી (dām̐ḍī), ડાઁડી (ḍām̐ḍī)

Hindustani: dā̃ḍ, ḍā̃ḍ, ḍā̃ṛ, daṇḍā, ḍaṇḍā, ḍā̃ḍā, ḍā̃ṛā, ḍaṇḍī, ḍā̃ḍī

Hindi: दाँड, डाँड, डाँड़, दंडा, डंडा, डाँडा, डाँड़ा, डंडी, डाँडी

Urdu: دَاںڈ (dā̃ḍ), ڈَاںڈ (ḍā̃ḍ), ڈَاںڑ (ḍā̃ṛ), دَنڈَا, ڈَنڈَا, ڈَاںڈَا (ḍā̃ḍā), ڈَاںڑَا (ḍā̃ṛā), ڈَنڈِی (ḍanḍī), ڈَاںڈِی (ḍā̃ḍī)

Romani: ran

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ডাঁৰ (dãr), ডাঁৰা (dãra), ডাঁৰি (dãri), ডঁৰ (dõr)

Bengali: ডান্ডা (ḍanḍa), দাঁড় (dãṛ), দাঁড়ি (dãṛi), ডাঁড় (ḍãṛ), ডাঁড়ি (ḍãṛi)

Bihari: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Bihari: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Bhojpuri: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ)

Maithili: डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डाँड़ि (ḍā̃ṛɨ), डाँड़ब (ḍā̃ṛab)

Odia: ଡାଣ୍ଡ (ḍāṇḍa), ଡାଁଡ଼ (ḍā̃ṛa), ଦାଣ୍ଡି (dāṇḍi), ଦଣ୍ଡା (daṇḍā), ଦଣ୍ଡି (daṇḍi)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: डाँड (ḍā̃ḍ)

Kumaoni: दान (dān), डान (ḍān), डाँड़ (ḍā̃ṛ), डानो (ḍāno), डानी (ḍānī), डाण (ḍāṇ)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: डाँण (ḍā̃ṇ), डाँणो (ḍā̃ṇo), डाँणि (ḍā̃ṇi)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: डन्न (ḍann), डन्नो (ḍanno), डन्नी (ḍannī)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ދަނޑި (daⁿḍi)

Sinhalese: දණ්ඩ (daṇḍa)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: dāṇḍāro

Devanagari script: दांडारो (dāṇḍāro)

Latin script: dannddarô

Kannada script: ದಾಂಡಾರೊ

Marathi: दाँड (dŏṇḍa), दाँड (dŏṇḍa)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: dann, ḍann, ḍannā, ḍannī

Gurmukhi script: ਦੰਨ, ਡੰਨ, ਡੰਨਾ, ਡੰਨੀ

Shahmukhi script: دَنّ, ڈَنّ, ڈَنَّا, ڈَنِّی

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: ḍ̠anu, ḍ̠ano, ḍ̠anī, ḍ̠aṇḍu, ḍ̠aṇḍo

Arabic script: ڏَنُ, ڏَنو, ڏَنِي, ڏَڻڊُ, ڏَڻڊو

Devanagari script: ॾनु, ॾनो, ॾनी, ॾंडु, ॾंडो

→ Assamese: দণ্ড (dondo)

→ Bengali: দণ্ড (donḍo)

→ Burmese: ဒဏ် (dan)

→ Hindustani: daṇḍ

Hindi: दंड

Urdu: دَنڈ

→ Indonesian: denda

→ Khmer: ទណ្ឌ (tŏən)

→ Lao: ທັນ (than)

→ Malayalam: ദണ്ഡം (daṇḍaṁ)

→ Malay: denda

→ Pali: daṇḍa

→ Romani: rran

→ Sindhi: ڏَنڊُ, ड॒ण्डु

→ Sindhi: ڏَنڊُ, ड॒ण्डु

→ Tamil: தண்டம் (taṇṭam)

→ Telugu: దండము (daṇḍamu)

→ Thai: ทัณฑ์ (than)

→ Urdu:

Borrowed from substrate language. Kuiper argues for a loanword from Munda; compare Mundari ଦାଣ୍ଡି (dāṇḍi, “small stick”), Santali ᱫᱚᱬᱴᱚ (dôṇṭô, “thick stick, club”), ᱫᱚᱬᱴᱤᱴᱤᱛ (dôṇṭiṭit, “stem of mushrooms”), ᱫᱚᱬᱰᱤ (dôṇḍi, “stick, staff, stalk”). Likewise, Southworth suggests a Dravidian substratum, compare Malayalam തണ്ട് (taṇṭŭ, “stick, club”).
Alternatively, but less likely, a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”), whence दारु (dā́ru), and thus cognate with Ancient Greek δένδρον (déndron, “tree”), but both this and that Greek word are phonologically difficult to explain.


अश्वमेध

aśvamedhá (romanization)
अश्वमेधः (nominative singular)
अश्वमेधौ (dual nominative)
अश्वमेधा1 (dual nominative)
अश्वमेधाः (nominative plural)
अश्वमेधासः1 (nominative plural)
अश्वमेध (singular vocative)
अश्वमेधौ (dual vocative)
अश्वमेधा1 (dual vocative)
अश्वमेधाः (plural vocative)
अश्वमेधासः1 (plural vocative)
अश्वमेधम् (accusative singular)
अश्वमेधौ (accusative dual)
अश्वमेधा1 (accusative dual)
अश्वमेधान् (accusative plural)
अश्वमेधेन (instrumental singular)
अश्वमेधाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्वमेधैः (instrumental plural)
अश्वमेधेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अश्वमेधाय (dative singular)
अश्वमेधाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्वमेधेभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्वमेधात् (ablative singular)
अश्वमेधाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्वमेधेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्वमेधस्य (genitive singular)
अश्वमेधयोः (dual genitive)
अश्वमेधानाम् (genitive plural)
अश्वमेधे (locative singular)
अश्वमेधयोः (dual locative)
अश्वमेधेषु (locative plural)

→ Hindi: अश्वमेध (aśvamedh)

→ Telugu: అశ్వమేధము (aśvamēdhamu)

→ Tocharian B: aśvamet

/ɐɕ.ʋɐ.mɐj.dʱɐ́/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐˈmeː.d̪ʱɐ/

/ɐ́ɕ.ʋɐ.mɐj.dʱɐ/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐˈmeː.d̪ʱɐ/

An oxytonic tatpurusa compound of अश्व (áśva, “horse”) and मेध (médha, “animal sacrifice”). Possible cognate with Gaulish Epomeduos (“name of a festival and a deity”).

(Hinduism) horse sacrifice, the Ashvamedha ritual


गो

gó (romanization)
गौः (nominative singular)
गावौ (dual nominative)
गावा1 (dual nominative)
गावः (nominative plural)
गौः (singular vocative)
गावौ (dual vocative)
गावा1 (dual vocative)
गावः (plural vocative)
गाम् (accusative singular)
गावौ (accusative dual)
गावा1 (accusative dual)
गाः (accusative plural)
गावः (accusative plural)
गवा (instrumental singular)
गोभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोभिः (instrumental plural)
गवे (dative singular)
गोभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोभ्यः (dative plural)
गोः (ablative singular)
गोभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोः (genitive singular)
गवोः (dual genitive)
गवाम् (genitive plural)
गोनाम् (genitive plural)
गवि (locative singular)
गवोः (dual locative)
गोषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun-m

gā́ḥ,gā́vaḥ²

Dardic:

Kamkata-viri: gō

Kashmiri: گاو (gāv)

Tirahi: gọ̈̄

Torwali: گو (gō)

Phalura: گو (gū)

Pashayi:

Northeast Pashayi: gō

Southeast Pashayi: gā

Shina: گو (gū)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: গাই (gai)

Bengali: গাই (gai)

Marathi: गाय (gāy)

Nepali: गाई (gāī)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi:

Punjabi: ਗਾਂ (gā̃), Punjabi: ਗਾਈਂ (gāī̃)

Shahmukhi script: گاں (gāṉ), Shahmukhi script: گائں (gā'iṉ)

Pali: go, gāva

→ Khmer: គោ (koo)

→ Thai: โค (koo)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀈 (gāī)

Gujarati:

Gujarati script: ગાય (gāya)

Lisan ud-Dawat Gujarati: گایہ (gāya)

Hindi: गाय (gāy), गो (go)

Urdu: گائے (gāe)

Sinhalese: ගව (gawa)

→ Hindi: गौ (gau)

→ Telugu: గోవు (gōvu)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws
Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš
Sanskrit गो (go)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊 (gao), Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Latin bōs, Old English cū (whence English cow).

etymon

आ गावो॑ अग्मन्नु॒त भ॒द्रम॑क्र॒न्त्सीद॑न्तु गो॒ष्ठे र॒णय॑न्त्व॒स्मे।
प्र॒जाव॑तीः पुरु॒रूपा॑ इ॒ह स्यु॒रिन्द्रा॑य पू॒र्वीरु॒षसो॒ दुहा॑नाः॥
ā́ gā́vo agmannutá bhadrámakrantsī́dantu goṣṭhé raṇáyantvasmé.

The cows have come and brought good fortune: let them rest in the cow-pen and be happy near us.
Here let them stay prolific, many-coloured, and yield their milk for Indra through many mornings.

prajā́vatīḥ pururū́pā ihá syuríndrāya pūrvī́ruṣáso dúhānāḥ.

(in the plural) cattle, kine, herd of cattle

(usually in the plural) anything coming from or belonging to an ox or cow, milk, flesh, skin, hide, leather, strap of leather, bow-string, sinew


अजा

ajā (romanization)
अजा (nominative singular)
अजे (dual nominative)
अजाः (nominative plural)
अजे (singular vocative)
अजे (dual vocative)
अजाः (plural vocative)
अजाम् (accusative singular)
अजे (accusative dual)
अजाः (accusative plural)
अजया (instrumental singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अजाभिः (instrumental plural)
अजायै (dative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
अजाभ्यः (dative plural)
अजायाः (ablative singular)
अजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अजाभ्यः (ablative plural)
अजायाः (genitive singular)
अजयोः (dual genitive)
अजानाम् (genitive plural)
अजायाम् (locative singular)
अजयोः (dual locative)
अजासु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of अजा

Feminine form of अज (aja, “he-goat, driver”), from the root अज् (aj, “to drive”).


आशु

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HaHśúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HaHćúš (“quick, fast, swift”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁oh₁-ḱú-s, from *HéHḱus (“quick”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬁𐬯𐬎 (āsu, “fast, quick”), Latin ocior (“id”), Ancient Greek ὠκύς (ōkús, “id”), Welsh diog (“lazy”, literally “not quick”).


अवि

ávi (romanization)
अविः (nominative singular)
अवी (dual nominative)
अवयः (nominative plural)
अवे (singular vocative)
अवी (dual vocative)
अवयः (plural vocative)
अविम् (accusative singular)
अवी (accusative dual)
अवीन् (accusative plural)
अविना (instrumental singular)
अव्या1 (instrumental singular)
अविभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अविभिः (instrumental plural)
अवये (dative singular)
अविभ्याम् (dative dual)
अविभ्यः (dative plural)
अवेः (ablative singular)
अव्यः1 (ablative singular)
अविभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अविभ्यः (ablative plural)
अवेः (genitive singular)
अव्यः1 (genitive singular)
अव्योः (dual genitive)
अवीनाम् (genitive plural)
अवौ (locative singular)
अवा1 (locative singular)
अव्योः (dual locative)
अविषु (locative plural)
अविः (nominative singular)
अवी (dual nominative)
अवयः (nominative plural)
अवे (singular vocative)
अवी (dual vocative)
अवयः (plural vocative)
अविम् (accusative singular)
अवी (accusative dual)
अवीः (accusative plural)
अव्या (instrumental singular)
अवी1 (instrumental singular)
अविभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अविभिः (instrumental plural)
अवये (dative singular)
अव्यै2 (dative singular)
अवी1 (dative singular)
अविभ्याम् (dative dual)
अविभ्यः (dative plural)
अवेः (ablative singular)
अव्याः2 (ablative singular)
अव्यै3 (ablative singular)
अविभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अविभ्यः (ablative plural)
अवेः (genitive singular)
अव्याः2 (genitive singular)
अव्यै3 (genitive singular)
अव्योः (dual genitive)
अवीनाम् (genitive plural)
अवौ (locative singular)
अव्याम्2 (locative singular)
अवा1 (locative singular)
अव्योः (dual locative)
अविषु (locative plural)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háwiṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háwiš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis. Cognate with Latin ovis, Hittite 𒇻𒅖 (ḫāwis), and Old English eowu (whence English ewe).

sheep (mentioned with reference to its wool being used for the soma strainer)


अवि

ávi (romanization)
अविः (nominative singular)
अवी (dual nominative)
अवयः (nominative plural)
अवे (singular vocative)
अवी (dual vocative)
अवयः (plural vocative)
अविम् (accusative singular)
अवी (accusative dual)
अवीन् (accusative plural)
अविना (instrumental singular)
अव्या1 (instrumental singular)
अविभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अविभिः (instrumental plural)
अवये (dative singular)
अविभ्याम् (dative dual)
अविभ्यः (dative plural)
अवेः (ablative singular)
अव्यः1 (ablative singular)
अविभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अविभ्यः (ablative plural)
अवेः (genitive singular)
अव्यः1 (genitive singular)
अव्योः (dual genitive)
अवीनाम् (genitive plural)
अवौ (locative singular)
अवा1 (locative singular)
अव्योः (dual locative)
अविषु (locative plural)


सूकर

sūkará (romanization)
सूकरः (nominative singular)
सूकरौ (dual nominative)
सूकरा1 (dual nominative)
सूकराः (nominative plural)
सूकरासः1 (nominative plural)
सूकर (singular vocative)
सूकरौ (dual vocative)
सूकरा1 (dual vocative)
सूकराः (plural vocative)
सूकरासः1 (plural vocative)
सूकरम् (accusative singular)
सूकरौ (accusative dual)
सूकरा1 (accusative dual)
सूकरान् (accusative plural)
सूकरेण (instrumental singular)
सूकराभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
सूकरैः (instrumental plural)
सूकरेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
सूकराय (dative singular)
सूकराभ्याम् (dative dual)
सूकरेभ्यः (dative plural)
सूकरात् (ablative singular)
सूकराभ्याम् (ablative dual)
सूकरेभ्यः (ablative plural)
सूकरस्य (genitive singular)
सूकरयोः (dual genitive)
सूकराणाम् (genitive plural)
सूकरे (locative singular)
सूकरयोः (dual locative)
सूकरेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀲𑀽𑀓𑀭 (*sūkara), 𑀲𑀼𑀓𑀮 (sukala /sūkala/)

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: सुँगुर् (sũgur)

Magadhi Prakrit: *𑀲𑀽𑀅𑀭 (*sūara)

Bengali: শুয়োর (śuẏōr)

Rohingya: cúwor

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀽𑀅𑀭 (sūara)

Old Marathi: सोवर (sovara)

desc

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀽𑀕𑀭 (sūgara), *𑀲𑀽𑀅𑀭 (*sūara)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Gujarati: સૂવર (sūvar)

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindi: सूअर (sūar)

Urdu: سؤر (sūar)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਸੂਰ (sūr) / سُوْر (sūr)

Pali: sūkara

→ Thai: สุกร (sù-gɔɔn)

→ Old Marathi: सुक्र (sukra), सूकर (sūkara)

→ Proto-Munda: *sukuri

Mundari: [script needed] (suku'ri) (Darigutu)

Santali: ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ (sukri)

→ Telugu: సూకరము (sūkaramu)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *suHkarás (“pig, boar”), from Proto-Indo-European *suH- (“pig, hog, swine”).
Cognate with Ancient Greek ὗς (hûs, “pig”), Latin sūs (“pig”), Avestan 𐬵𐬏 (hū), Persian خوک (xuk), Old English swīn (whence English swine), English sow, Bulgarian свиня́ (svinjá).

inh

त्वं सूकरस्य दर्दृहि तव दर्दर्तु सूकरः ।

Be on thy guard against the boar, and let the boar beware of thee.

tvaṃ sūkarasya dardṛhi tava dardartu sūkaraḥ.


स्वश्व

sváśva (romanization)
स्वश्वः (nominative singular)
स्वश्वौ (dual nominative)
स्वश्वाः (nominative plural)
स्वश्व (singular vocative)
स्वश्वौ (dual vocative)
स्वश्वाः (plural vocative)
स्वश्वम् (accusative singular)
स्वश्वौ (accusative dual)
स्वश्वान् (accusative plural)
स्वश्वेन (instrumental singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वश्वैः (instrumental plural)
स्वश्वाय (dative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वश्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वश्वात् (ablative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वश्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वश्वस्य (genitive singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual genitive)
स्वश्वानाम् (genitive plural)
स्वश्वे (locative singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual locative)
स्वश्वेषु (locative plural)
स्वश्वा (nominative singular)
स्वश्वे (dual nominative)
स्वश्वाः (nominative plural)
स्वश्वे (singular vocative)
स्वश्वे (dual vocative)
स्वश्वाः (plural vocative)
स्वश्वाम् (accusative singular)
स्वश्वे (accusative dual)
स्वश्वाः (accusative plural)
स्वश्वया (instrumental singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वश्वाभिः (instrumental plural)
स्वश्वायै (dative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वश्वाभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वश्वायाः (ablative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वश्वाभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वश्वायाः (genitive singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual genitive)
स्वश्वानाम् (genitive plural)
स्वश्वायाम् (locative singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual locative)
स्वश्वासु (locative plural)
स्वश्वम् (nominative singular)
स्वश्वे (dual nominative)
स्वश्वानि (nominative plural)
स्वश्व (singular vocative)
स्वश्वे (dual vocative)
स्वश्वानि (plural vocative)
स्वश्वम् (accusative singular)
स्वश्वे (accusative dual)
स्वश्वानि (accusative plural)
स्वश्वेन (instrumental singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
स्वश्वैः (instrumental plural)
स्वश्वाय (dative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
स्वश्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
स्वश्वात् (ablative singular)
स्वश्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
स्वश्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
स्वश्वस्य (genitive singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual genitive)
स्वश्वानाम् (genitive plural)
स्वश्वे (locative singular)
स्वश्वयोः (dual locative)
स्वश्वेषु (locative plural)

sa-decl-noun

Masculine a-stem declension of स्वश्व

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Feminine ā-stem declension of स्वश्व

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun

Neuter a-stem declension of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">स्वश्व</i>

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

sa-decl-noun/cell

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

स्वश्वाभ्याम्

PIE word
 *h₁éḱwos
सु- (su-) + अश्व (áśva).

RV 5.57.2c
वाशीमन्त रष्टिमन्तो मनीषिणः सुधन्वान इषुमन्तो निषङगिणः |
सवश्वा सथ सुरथाः पर्श्निमातरः सवायुधा मरुतो याथना शुभम ||
vāśīmanta ṛṣṭimanto manīṣiṇaḥ sudhanvāna iṣumanto niṣaṅghiṇaḥ |
svaśvā stha surathāḥ pṛśnimātaraḥ svāyudhā maruto yāthanā śubham ||
Armed with your daggers, full of wisdom, armed with spears, armed with your quivers, armed with arrows, with good bows,
Good horses and good cars have ye, O Prsni's Sons: ye, Maruts, with good weapons go to victory.

having excellent horses, well mounted, well yoked


वराह

varāhá (romanization)
वराहः (nominative singular)
वराहौ (dual nominative)
वराहा1 (dual nominative)
वराहाः (nominative plural)
वराहासः1 (nominative plural)
वराह (singular vocative)
वराहौ (dual vocative)
वराहा1 (dual vocative)
वराहाः (plural vocative)
वराहासः1 (plural vocative)
वराहम् (accusative singular)
वराहौ (accusative dual)
वराहा1 (accusative dual)
वराहान् (accusative plural)
वराहेण (instrumental singular)
वराहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वराहैः (instrumental plural)
वराहेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वराहाय (dative singular)
वराहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वराहेभ्यः (dative plural)
वराहात् (ablative singular)
वराहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वराहेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वराहस्य (genitive singular)
वराहयोः (dual genitive)
वराहाणाम् (genitive plural)
वराहे (locative singular)
वराहयोः (dual locative)
वराहेषु (locative plural)

Assamese: বৰা (bora)

Hindi: बढ़ेला (baṛhelā)

Pali: varāha

desctree

→ Old Javanese: warāha
> Javanese: ꦮꦫꦲ (waraha) (inherited)

→ Telugu: వరాహము (varāhamu)

/ʋɐ.ɾɑː.ɦɐ́/

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *warāȷ́ʰás (“boar”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬁𐬰𐬀 (varāza), Northern Kurdish beraz.


चक्रवाक

the चक्र bird (Anas casarca; the couples are supposed to be separated and to mourn during night)


हरित्

harít (romanization)
हरित् (nominative singular)
हरितौ (dual nominative)
हरिता1 (dual nominative)
हरितः (nominative plural)
हरित् (singular vocative)
हरितौ (dual vocative)
हरिता1 (dual vocative)
हरितः (plural vocative)
हरितम् (accusative singular)
हरितौ (accusative dual)
हरिता1 (accusative dual)
हरितः (accusative plural)
हरिता (instrumental singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हरिद्भिः (instrumental plural)
हरिते (dative singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (dative dual)
हरिद्भ्यः (dative plural)
हरितः (ablative singular)
हरिद्भ्याम् (ablative dual)
हरिद्भ्यः (ablative plural)
हरितः (genitive singular)
हरितोः (dual genitive)
हरिताम् (genitive plural)
हरिति (locative singular)
हरितोः (dual locative)
हरित्सु (locative plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-
Proto-Indo-European *-is
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰárHiš
Sanskrit हरि (hari)
Sanskrit हरित् (harit)
From हरि (hári, “yellow, green”); see there for more.


गन्धर्व

gandharvá (romanization)
गन्धर्वः (nominative singular)
गन्धर्वौ (dual nominative)
गन्धर्वा1 (dual nominative)
गन्धर्वाः (nominative plural)
गन्धर्वासः1 (nominative plural)
गन्धर्व (singular vocative)
गन्धर्वौ (dual vocative)
गन्धर्वा1 (dual vocative)
गन्धर्वाः (plural vocative)
गन्धर्वासः1 (plural vocative)
गन्धर्वम् (accusative singular)
गन्धर्वौ (accusative dual)
गन्धर्वा1 (accusative dual)
गन्धर्वान् (accusative plural)
गन्धर्वेण (instrumental singular)
गन्धर्वाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गन्धर्वैः (instrumental plural)
गन्धर्वेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गन्धर्वाय (dative singular)
गन्धर्वाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गन्धर्वेभ्यः (dative plural)
गन्धर्वात् (ablative singular)
गन्धर्वाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गन्धर्वेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गन्धर्वस्य (genitive singular)
गन्धर्वयोः (dual genitive)
गन्धर्वाणाम् (genitive plural)
गन्धर्वे (locative singular)
गन्धर्वयोः (dual locative)
गन्धर्वेषु (locative plural)

Pali: gandhabba

Prakrit: 𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀯𑁆𑀯 (gaṃdhavva)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: gandharwa
Javanese: ꦒꦤ꧀ꦢꦂꦮ (gandarwa)
→ Indonesian: gêndêruwo
→ Balinese: ᬕᬦ᭄ᬥᬃᬯ᭄ᬯ (gandarwa)

/ɡɐn.dʱɐɾ.ʋɐ́/

/ɡɐn̪ˈd̪ʱɐɾ.ʋɐ/

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gandʰarwás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *g(ʰ)andʰarwás ~ *g(ʰ)andʰarbʰás, ultimately likely from a BMAC substrate. Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬧𐬛𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬀 (gaṇdər^əβa), 𐬔𐬀𐬧𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬀 (gaṇdar^əβa). Compare also Ancient Greek Κένταυρος (Kéntauros), to which it is often likened.


हय

háya (romanization)
हयः (nominative singular)
हयौ (dual nominative)
हया1 (dual nominative)
हयाः (nominative plural)
हयासः1 (nominative plural)
हय (singular vocative)
हयौ (dual vocative)
हया1 (dual vocative)
हयाः (plural vocative)
हयासः1 (plural vocative)
हयम् (accusative singular)
हयौ (accusative dual)
हया1 (accusative dual)
हयान् (accusative plural)
हयेन (instrumental singular)
हयाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
हयैः (instrumental plural)
हयेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
हयाय (dative singular)
हयाभ्याम् (dative dual)
हयेभ्यः (dative plural)
हयात् (ablative singular)
हयाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
हयेभ्यः (ablative plural)
हयस्य (genitive singular)
हययोः (dual genitive)
हयानाम् (genitive plural)
हये (locative singular)
हययोः (dual locative)
हयेषु (locative plural)

→ Tamil: ஹயம் (hayam), Tamil: அயம் (ayam)

→ Telugu: హయము (hayamu)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰáyas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰáyas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéyos (“horse”). Cognate with Old Armenian ձի (ji, “horse”).


हेरम्ब

English: Heramba

Telugu: హేరంబుడు (hērambuḍu)


घोट

desctree

⇒ Sanskrit: घोटक (ghoṭaka)
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
Fiji Hindi: ghorra
Magadhi Prakrit:
Early Assamese: ঘোড়া (ghöṛa)
Assamese: ঘোঁৰা (ghü̃ra)
Bengali: ঘোড়া (ghōṛa)
Odia: ଘୋଡ଼ା (ghoṛā)
Rohingya: gúra
Sylheti: ꠊꠥꠠꠣ (gúṛa)
Maharastri Prakrit:
Konkani: घोडो (ghoḍô)
Old Marathi: 𑘑𑘻𑘚𑘳 (ghoḍu)
Marathi: घोडा (ghoḍā)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀖𑁄𑀟𑀕 (ghoḍaga)
Gurjara Apabhramsa:
Old Gujarati:
Gujarati: ઘોડો (ghoḍo)
Marwari: घोड़ौ (ghoṛau)
Saurashtra: ꢕꣁꢞꣁ (ghoḍo)
Hindustani:
Hindi: घोड़ा (ghoṛā)
Urdu: گھوڑا (ghoṛā)
Nepali: घोडा (ghoḍā)
Punjabi: ਘੋੜਾ (ghoṛā) / گھوڑا (ghoṛā)
Romani: khuro
Sindhi: گهوڙو / घोड़ो (ghoṛo)
→ Old Javanese: kuda
> Javanese: ꦏꦸꦢ (kuda) (inherited)
>? Malay: kuda (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kutiray (“horse”). Compare घुट् (ghuṭ).


उक्षन्

ukṣán (romanization)
उक्षा (nominative singular)
उक्षाणौ (dual nominative)
उक्षाणा1 (dual nominative)
उक्षणः (nominative plural)
उक्षन् (singular vocative)
उक्षाणौ (dual vocative)
उक्षाणा1 (dual vocative)
उक्षणः (plural vocative)
उक्षाणम् (accusative singular)
उक्षाणौ (accusative dual)
उक्षाणा1 (accusative dual)
उक्ष्णः (accusative plural)
उक्ष्णा (instrumental singular)
उक्षभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
उक्षभिः (instrumental plural)
उक्ष्णे (dative singular)
उक्षभ्याम् (dative dual)
उक्षभ्यः (dative plural)
उक्ष्णः (ablative singular)
उक्षभ्याम् (ablative dual)
उक्षभ्यः (ablative plural)
उक्ष्णः (genitive singular)
उक्ष्णोः (dual genitive)
उक्ष्णाम् (genitive plural)
उक्ष्णि (locative singular)
उक्षणि (locative singular)
उक्षन्1 (locative singular)
उक्ष्णोः (dual locative)
उक्षसु (locative plural)

→ Telugu: ఉక్షము (ukṣamu)

→ Malayalam: ഉക്ഷം (ukṣaṁ)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(H)ukšā́ (“bull, ox”), from Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)uksḗn (“bull, ox”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬁𐬥 (uxšān, “bull”), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌰 (auhsa), Welsh ych (“ox”), Breton oc'hen, Old English oxa (whence English ox).

inh

उक्षा मिमाति प्रति यन्ति धेनवो देवस्य देवीरुप यन्ति निष्कृतम् ।

The Bull is bellowing; the Cows are coming nigh: the Goddesses approach the God's own resting-place.

ukṣā mimāti prati yanti dhenavo devasya devīrupa yanti niṣkṛtam.


रोहित

róhita (romanization)
रोहितः (nominative singular)
रोहितौ (dual nominative)
रोहिता1 (dual nominative)
रोहिताः (nominative plural)
रोहितासः1 (nominative plural)
रोहित (singular vocative)
रोहितौ (dual vocative)
रोहिता1 (dual vocative)
रोहिताः (plural vocative)
रोहितासः1 (plural vocative)
रोहितम् (accusative singular)
रोहितौ (accusative dual)
रोहिता1 (accusative dual)
रोहितान् (accusative plural)
रोहितेन (instrumental singular)
रोहिताभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
रोहितैः (instrumental plural)
रोहितेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
रोहिताय (dative singular)
रोहिताभ्याम् (dative dual)
रोहितेभ्यः (dative plural)
रोहितात् (ablative singular)
रोहिताभ्याम् (ablative dual)
रोहितेभ्यः (ablative plural)
रोहितस्य (genitive singular)
रोहितयोः (dual genitive)
रोहितानाम् (genitive plural)
रोहिते (locative singular)
रोहितयोः (dual locative)
रोहितेषु (locative plural)

Prakrit: 𑀭𑁄𑀳𑀺𑀅 (rohia)

Assamese: ৰৌ (rou)

Bengali: রুই (rui)

Bhojpuri: रोहू (rōhū)

Gujarati: રોહુ (rohu)

Hindi: रोहू (rohū), रेहू (rehū)

Marathi: रोही (rohī)

Odia: ରୋହି (rohi), ରୋଇ (roi), ରୁଇ (rui)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਰੋਹੂ (rohū)

Shahmukhi script: رہو (rohū)

Sylheti: ꠞꠃ (rou)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hráwdʰitas (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬙𐬀 (raoⁱδita), English red. Also related to लोहित (lóhita), लोह (lohá) and रुधिर (rudhira, “red”).


बलीवर्द

balīvárda (romanization)
बलीवर्दः (nominative singular)
बलीवर्दौ (dual nominative)
बलीवर्दा1 (dual nominative)
बलीवर्दाः (nominative plural)
बलीवर्दासः1 (nominative plural)
बलीवर्द (singular vocative)
बलीवर्दौ (dual vocative)
बलीवर्दा1 (dual vocative)
बलीवर्दाः (plural vocative)
बलीवर्दासः1 (plural vocative)
बलीवर्दम् (accusative singular)
बलीवर्दौ (accusative dual)
बलीवर्दा1 (accusative dual)
बलीवर्दान् (accusative plural)
बलीवर्देन (instrumental singular)
बलीवर्दाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
बलीवर्दैः (instrumental plural)
बलीवर्देभिः1 (instrumental plural)
बलीवर्दाय (dative singular)
बलीवर्दाभ्याम् (dative dual)
बलीवर्देभ्यः (dative plural)
बलीवर्दात् (ablative singular)
बलीवर्दाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
बलीवर्देभ्यः (ablative plural)
बलीवर्दस्य (genitive singular)
बलीवर्दयोः (dual genitive)
बलीवर्दानाम् (genitive plural)
बलीवर्दे (locative singular)
बलीवर्दयोः (dual locative)
बलीवर्देषु (locative plural)

desc

Prakrit: 𑀩𑀮𑀻𑀯𑀤𑁆𑀤 (balīvadda), 𑀩𑀮𑀺𑀯𑀤𑁆𑀤 (balivadda), 𑀩𑀮𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤 (balidda), 𑀩𑀮𑀤𑁆𑀤 (baladda)

Assamese: বলদ (bolod), বলধ (bolodh)

Awadhi: बर्धु (bardhu)

Bengali: বলদ (bolod)

Bhojpuri: बरध (baradh)

Gujarati: બળદ (baḷda)

Hindi: बलद (balad), बरद (barad), बरध (baradh), बर्धा (bardhā)

Maithili: बरद (barad)

Punjabi: ਬਲ੍ਦ੍ (bald), ਬਲ੍ਧ੍ (baldh), ਬਲ੍ਹ੍ਦ (balhd), ਬਲੇਦ (baled)

Odia: ବଳଦ (baḷada)

/bɐ.l̪iːˈʋɐɾ.d̪ɐ/

A compound of बलिन् (balin, “strong”) and non-Aryan substrate word for "ox".


अश्वश्चन्द्र

sa-adj

अश्वश्चन्द्र • (áśvaścandra) stem

áśvaścandra (romanization)
अश्वश्चन्द्रः (nominative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रौ (dual nominative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रा1 (dual nominative)
अश्वश्चन्द्राः (nominative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रासः1 (nominative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्र (singular vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रौ (dual vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रा1 (dual vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्राः (plural vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रासः1 (plural vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रम् (accusative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रौ (accusative dual)
अश्वश्चन्द्रा1 (accusative dual)
अश्वश्चन्द्रान् (accusative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रेण (instrumental singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्वश्चन्द्रैः (instrumental plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्राय (dative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्वश्चन्द्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रात् (ablative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्वश्चन्द्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रस्य (genitive singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
अश्वश्चन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रे (locative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रेषु (locative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रा (nominative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रे (dual nominative)
अश्वश्चन्द्राः (nominative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रे (singular vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रे (dual vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्राः (plural vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्राम् (accusative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रे (accusative dual)
अश्वश्चन्द्राः (accusative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रया (instrumental singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रा1 (instrumental singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभिः (instrumental plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रायै (dative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रायाः (ablative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रायै2 (ablative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रायाः (genitive singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रायै2 (genitive singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
अश्वश्चन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रायाम् (locative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रासु (locative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रम् (nominative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रे (dual nominative)
अश्वश्चन्द्राणि (nominative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रा1 (nominative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्र (singular vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रे (dual vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्राणि (plural vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रा1 (plural vocative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रम् (accusative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रे (accusative dual)
अश्वश्चन्द्राणि (accusative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रा1 (accusative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रेण (instrumental singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्वश्चन्द्रैः (instrumental plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्राय (dative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्वश्चन्द्रेभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रात् (ablative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्राभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्वश्चन्द्रेभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रस्य (genitive singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रयोः (dual genitive)
अश्वश्चन्द्राणाम् (genitive plural)
अश्वश्चन्द्रे (locative singular)
अश्वश्चन्द्रयोः (dual locative)
अश्वश्चन्द्रेषु (locative plural)

/ɐ́ɕ.ʋɐɕ.t͡ɕɐn.dɾɐ/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐɕˈt͡ɕɐn̪.d̪ɾɐ/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐɕ.t͡ɕɐn.dɾɐ/

/ɐɕ.ʋɐɕˈt͡ɕɐn̪.d̪ɾɐ/

PIE word
 *h₁éḱwos
From अश्व (aśva) + श्चन्द्र (ścandra).

compound

अश्व (aśva) + श्चन्द्र (ścandra)


छगल

chagalá (romanization)
छगलः (nominative singular)
छगलौ (dual nominative)
छगला1 (dual nominative)
छगलाः (nominative plural)
छगलासः1 (nominative plural)
छगल (singular vocative)
छगलौ (dual vocative)
छगला1 (dual vocative)
छगलाः (plural vocative)
छगलासः1 (plural vocative)
छगलम् (accusative singular)
छगलौ (accusative dual)
छगला1 (accusative dual)
छगलान् (accusative plural)
छगलेन (instrumental singular)
छगलाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
छगलैः (instrumental plural)
छगलेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
छगलाय (dative singular)
छगलाभ्याम् (dative dual)
छगलेभ्यः (dative plural)
छगलात् (ablative singular)
छगलाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
छगलेभ्यः (ablative plural)
छगलस्य (genitive singular)
छगलयोः (dual genitive)
छगलानाम् (genitive plural)
छगले (locative singular)
छगलयोः (dual locative)
छगलेषु (locative plural)

Dardic:

Phalura:

Perso-Arabic: چھال

Latin: čhaál

Pali: chakala

Prakrit: 𑀙𑀕𑀮 (chagala), 𑀙𑁂𑀮 (chela)

Hindustani: cher

Hindi: छेर

Urdu: چھیر (cher)

Maithili: chēr

Devanagari script: छेर

Tirhuta script: 𑒕𑒹𑒩

Old Punjabi: ਛੇਲ (chela)

q

with Middle Indo-Aryan <i class="Brah mention" lang="inc-ash">-𑀓-</i> (-ka-)

Sindhi: (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-))

Arabic script: ڇيلو

Devanagari script: छेलो

Khudabadi script: 𑋁𑋥𑋚𑋧 (chelo)

Old Marathi: seraḍuṃ (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀟- (-ḍa-) + -𑀉𑀓- (-uka-))

Devanagari script: सेरडुं

Modi script: 𑘭𑘹𑘨𑘚𑘳𑘽

Old Marathi: sāgaḷa

Devanagari script: सागळ

Modi script: 𑘭𑘰𑘐𑘯

Hindustani: chagal

Hindi: छगल

Urdu: چَھگَل (chagal)

Marwari: छगळ (chagaḷ)

/t͡ɕʰɐ.ɡɐ.lɐ́/

/ˈt͡ɕʰɐ.ɡɐ.l̪ɐ/

From an unattested छग (chaga) (compare छाग (chā́ga)) + -ल (-la), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sčágas (compare Ossetian цӕҕӕ (“billy-goat”) and Wakhi čəɣ̌ (“kid”)), either from a potential Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱégos (“goat, sheep”) (compare Proto-Germanic *skēpą), or a borrowing from a substrate language.

der

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā)

ছেলি

Middle Bengali: ছালিয়া (chaliẏa), ছেলিয়া (cheliẏa)

शेळी

Prakrit: *𑀙𑀕𑀮-𑀈𑀕𑀸 (*chagala-īgā), 𑀙𑁂𑀮-𑀈𑀆 (chela-īā)


ह्वार्य

hvāryá (romanization)
ह्वार्यः (nominative singular)
ह्वार्यौ (dual nominative)
ह्वार्या1 (dual nominative)
ह्वार्याः (nominative plural)
ह्वार्यासः1 (nominative plural)
ह्वार्य (singular vocative)
ह्वार्यौ (dual vocative)
ह्वार्या1 (dual vocative)
ह्वार्याः (plural vocative)
ह्वार्यासः1 (plural vocative)
ह्वार्यम् (accusative singular)
ह्वार्यौ (accusative dual)
ह्वार्या1 (accusative dual)
ह्वार्यान् (accusative plural)
ह्वार्येण (instrumental singular)
ह्वार्याभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
ह्वार्यैः (instrumental plural)
ह्वार्येभिः1 (instrumental plural)
ह्वार्याय (dative singular)
ह्वार्याभ्याम् (dative dual)
ह्वार्येभ्यः (dative plural)
ह्वार्यात् (ablative singular)
ह्वार्याभ्याम् (ablative dual)
ह्वार्येभ्यः (ablative plural)
ह्वार्यस्य (genitive singular)
ह्वार्ययोः (dual genitive)
ह्वार्याणाम् (genitive plural)
ह्वार्ये (locative singular)
ह्वार्ययोः (dual locative)
ह्वार्येषु (locative plural)

Vrddhi derivative of ह्वृ (hvṛ, “to deviate; be crooked or curved”) with a -य (-ya) extension; compare ह्वार (hvārá).

vrd-ya

c. 700 BCE – 500 BCE, Yāska, Naighaṇṭuka 1.14


कुक्कुट

sa-noun

कुक्कुट • (kukkuṭá) stem, m (feminine कुक्कुटी)

kukkuṭá (romanization)
कुक्कुटी (feminine)
कुक्कुटः (nominative singular)
कुक्कुटौ (dual nominative)
कुक्कुटा1 (dual nominative)
कुक्कुटाः (nominative plural)
कुक्कुटासः1 (nominative plural)
कुक्कुट (singular vocative)
कुक्कुटौ (dual vocative)
कुक्कुटा1 (dual vocative)
कुक्कुटाः (plural vocative)
कुक्कुटासः1 (plural vocative)
कुक्कुटम् (accusative singular)
कुक्कुटौ (accusative dual)
कुक्कुटा1 (accusative dual)
कुक्कुटान् (accusative plural)
कुक्कुटेन (instrumental singular)
कुक्कुटाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
कुक्कुटैः (instrumental plural)
कुक्कुटेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
कुक्कुटाय (dative singular)
कुक्कुटाभ्याम् (dative dual)
कुक्कुटेभ्यः (dative plural)
कुक्कुटात् (ablative singular)
कुक्कुटाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
कुक्कुटेभ्यः (ablative plural)
कुक्कुटस्य (genitive singular)
कुक्कुटयोः (dual genitive)
कुक्कुटानाम् (genitive plural)
कुक्कुटे (locative singular)
कुक्कुटयोः (dual locative)
कुक्कुटेषु (locative plural)

Niya Prakrit: 𐨐𐨂𐨐𐨂𐨜 (kukuḍa)

Pali: kukkuṭa

Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀼𑀟 (kukkuḍa) (see there for further descendants)

→ Hindi: कुक्कुट (kukkuṭ)

→ Telugu: కుక్కుటము (kukkuṭamu)

Onomatopoeic; compare कुक्कुभ (kukkubha).

कुक्कुटोऽसि मधुजिह्व इषमूर्जमावद त्वया वयं संघातं संघातं जेष्म ।

c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 1.16.1

You, cock, sweet-tongued, invoke strength and vigour [by your cackle]; by you, we win battles.

kukkuṭoʼsi madhujihva iṣamūrjamāvada tvayā vayaṃ saṃghātaṃ saṃghātaṃ jeṣma.

ददर्श हरिशार्दूलो मयूरान् कुक्कुटांस्तथा ।
वराहवार्ध्राणसकान् दधिसौवर्चलायुतान् ॥
dadarśa hariśārdūlo mayūrān kukkuṭāṃstathā.

The best monkey saw the meat of peacocks, cocks, pigs and rhinos, mixed with curd and sochal salt.


अश्विन्

sa-adj

अश्विन् • (aśvín) stem

aśvín (romanization)
अश्वी (nominative singular)
अश्विनौ (dual nominative)
अश्विना1 (dual nominative)
अश्विनः (nominative plural)
अश्विन् (singular vocative)
अश्विनौ (dual vocative)
अश्विना1 (dual vocative)
अश्विनः (plural vocative)
अश्विनम् (accusative singular)
अश्विनौ (accusative dual)
अश्विना1 (accusative dual)
अश्विनः (accusative plural)
अश्विना (instrumental singular)
अश्विभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्विभिः (instrumental plural)
अश्विने (dative singular)
अश्विभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्विभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्विनः (ablative singular)
अश्विभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्विभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्विनः (genitive singular)
अश्विनोः (dual genitive)
अश्विनाम् (genitive plural)
अश्विनि (locative singular)
अश्विनोः (dual locative)
अश्विषु (locative plural)
अश्विनी (nominative singular)
अश्विन्यौ (dual nominative)
अश्विनी1 (dual nominative)
अश्विन्यः (nominative plural)
अश्विनीः1 (nominative plural)
अश्विनि (singular vocative)
अश्विन्यौ (dual vocative)
अश्विनी1 (dual vocative)
अश्विन्यः (plural vocative)
अश्विनीः1 (plural vocative)
अश्विनीम् (accusative singular)
अश्विन्यौ (accusative dual)
अश्विनी1 (accusative dual)
अश्विनीः (accusative plural)
अश्विन्या (instrumental singular)
अश्विनीभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्विनीभिः (instrumental plural)
अश्विन्यै (dative singular)
अश्विनीभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्विनीभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्विन्याः (ablative singular)
अश्विन्यै2 (ablative singular)
अश्विनीभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्विनीभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्विन्याः (genitive singular)
अश्विन्यै2 (genitive singular)
अश्विन्योः (dual genitive)
अश्विनीनाम् (genitive plural)
अश्विन्याम् (locative singular)
अश्विन्योः (dual locative)
अश्विनीषु (locative plural)
अश्वि (nominative singular)
अश्विनी (dual nominative)
अश्वीनि (nominative plural)
अश्वि (singular vocative)
अश्विन् (singular vocative)
अश्विनी (dual vocative)
अश्वीनि (plural vocative)
अश्वि (accusative singular)
अश्विनी (accusative dual)
अश्वीनि (accusative plural)
अश्विना (instrumental singular)
अश्विभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
अश्विभिः (instrumental plural)
अश्विने (dative singular)
अश्विभ्याम् (dative dual)
अश्विभ्यः (dative plural)
अश्विनः (ablative singular)
अश्विभ्याम् (ablative dual)
अश्विभ्यः (ablative plural)
अश्विनः (genitive singular)
अश्विनोः (dual genitive)
अश्विनाम् (genitive plural)
अश्विनि (locative singular)
अश्विनोः (dual locative)
अश्विषु (locative plural)

From अश्व (áśva, “horse”) + -इन् (-in, “possessor”).

suffix

possessed of horses, consisting of horses (RV.)


गोवृष

/ɡɐw.ʋr̩.ʂɐ/

/ˈɡoː.ʋr̩.ʂɐ/

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷow-wr̥sen- (“bull”), from *gʷṓws (“cow”). Cognate with Tocharian A keyurṣ and Tocharian B kauᵤrṣe.


गोण

goṇa (romanization)
गोणी (feminine)
गोणः (nominative singular)
गोणौ (dual nominative)
गोणा1 (dual nominative)
गोणाः (nominative plural)
गोणासः1 (nominative plural)
गोण (singular vocative)
गोणौ (dual vocative)
गोणा1 (dual vocative)
गोणाः (plural vocative)
गोणासः1 (plural vocative)
गोणम् (accusative singular)
गोणौ (accusative dual)
गोणा1 (accusative dual)
गोणान् (accusative plural)
गोणेन (instrumental singular)
गोणाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गोणैः (instrumental plural)
गोणेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गोणाय (dative singular)
गोणाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गोणेभ्यः (dative plural)
गोणात् (ablative singular)
गोणाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गोणेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गोणस्य (genitive singular)
गोणयोः (dual genitive)
गोणानाम् (genitive plural)
गोणे (locative singular)
गोणयोः (dual locative)
गोणेषु (locative plural)

Pali: goṇa, goṇaka

desctree

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀦 (gona)
Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀡 (goṇa), 𑀕𑁄𑀡𑀻 (goṇī), 𑀕𑁄𑀡𑀸 (goṇā)
Southern:
Helu Prakrit:
⇒ Dhivehi: މީނގުނު (mīⁿgunu)
Sinhalese: ගොනා (gonā)


मेक

Borrowed from Dravidian. Compare Telugu మేక (mēka).