သိ

From Proto-Karen *soᴬ/ᴮ (“sheep”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen သွိုꩻ, Western Pwo ၥိၪ. Compare Burmese သိုး (sui:).


သိ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သောဟ် (θʊ́), Western Pwo ၥိၫ, Western Kayah ꤞꤢꤨ (thu).


ထူ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဓံင့် (thôɴ), Western Pwo ထီၫ့ (thàuɴ), Western Kayah ꤓꤢꤧ꤭ (htāe).


ဆီ

From Proto-Karen *chjaXᴬ ~ *chjaNᴬ (“chicken”), ultimately from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985). Compare Mon စာင်. Cognate with Western Kayah ꤏꤛꤢꤩ꤭ (hsyē), Eastern Kayah chā, Kayan Sû̌, Eastern Pwo ဆင့် (châɴ), Western Pwo ဆၫ့, Pa'o Karen ဆျာ, Northern Pwo ช๊าง, Geba Karen Scĭ, Bwe Karen Shih́.


ခံ

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *kləj. Cognate with Western Pwo ခဲၫ့, Eastern Pwo ခါင့် (khâiɴ), Manipuri ꯊꯤ (thi).


ထံ

From Proto-Karen *thejᴬ (“water”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *thi⁴ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s (“water, fluid, wet, to soak”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ထီ, Eastern Pwo ထီ့ (thî), Western Pwo ထံၫ, Western Kayah ꤓꤛꤢꤩ꤭ (htyē).


နၢ်

From Proto-Karen *naᴮ (“ear”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/g-na (“ear; to hear, to listen”). Cognate with Western Pwo နါ, Eastern Pwo ဏာႋ (nā), Pa'o Karen နား.


တိၤ

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တိၤ • (toh̄)

ksw-noun

တိၤ • (toh̄)


နါဒ့

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-na ~ s-naːr (“nose”).


တၢ်အီၣ်

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တၢ်အီၣ် • (ta̱ ʼaẁ)

တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + အီၣ် (ʼaẁ, “to eat”).


တၢ်

Compare Western Pwo ဆၧ, Eastern Pwo ဆ်ု (chə), Pa'o Karen ထာꩻ, Western Kayah ꤒꤟꤢꤧ꤬ (tà̤e).

တၢ်မံ

Used as a pre-verbal nominalizer to indicate an action.

တၢ်အီၣ်

Used as a pre-verbal nominalizer to indicate the object of an action.

တၢ်စူၤ

တၢ်ကိၢ်

ယသးဝံၣ်တၢ်မုာ်


အံသၣ်

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အံသၣ် • (ʼee thà)

From Proto-Karen *saᴮ, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsa (“salt, salty, salted”). Cognate with Western Kayah ꤤ꤬ꤞꤢꤧ꤬ (ìthàe), ꤢꤩ꤬ꤞꤢꤧ꤬ (èthàe).


မါ

From Proto-Karen *hmaᴬ (“wife”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *ma⁴ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မာ့ (mâ), Pa'o Karen မာ, Western Kayah ꤗꤢꤩ꤭ (mē), Western Pwo မၫ.


မိၢ်

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မိၢ် • (moẖ)

From Proto-Karen [Term?] (“mother”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen မွိုး, Eastern Pwo မေါဝ်ႋ (mʊ̄), Western Pwo မိ.


ဝၤ

From Proto-Karen *ɡwaᴬ (“husband”) (Luangthongkum, 2019). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဝါ (wà), Western Pwo ဝၩ, Pa'o Karen ဝါ, Western Kayah ꤠꤢꤧ꤬ (vàe).


ဖိခွါ

ဖိ (hpoh, “child”) + ခွါ (khwah, “male”). Compare Western Pwo ဖိၪခွၫ.


ဖိမုၣ်

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ဖိမုၣ် • (hpoh mù)

ဖိ (hpoh, “child”) + မုၣ် (mù, “female”). Compare Western Pwo ဖိၪမုၪ.


သုးဖိ

From သုး (thü, “army”) + ဖိ (hpoh, “child”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သုဂ်ဖေါဟ် (θàʊ phʊ́).

cog

Eastern Pwo သုဂ်ဖေါဟ် (θàʊ phʊ́)


လွံၢ်

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လွံၢ် • (lwee̱)

From Proto-Karen *lwiᴮ (“dove”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လုဲ့ (lwî), Pa'o Karen လွီး.


လၢၢ်လါဟ့

လၢၢ်လါဟ့ • (luẖ lah hay)


ထိး

ထိး • (hṭoḧ)

From Proto-Karen *thɔʔᴰ (“pig”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pʷak (“pig”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ထော့ꩻ, Eastern Pwo ထောဝ် (thʊ̀), Western Pwo ထိၭ, Western Kayah ꤓꤛꤢ (htya).


တၢ်မျၢ်ပလဲ

တၢ်မျၢ်ပလဲ • (ta̱ mla̱ pa leh)


မုၢ်

မုၢ် • (mu̱)

From Proto-Karen *mɨᴮ (“sun”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *my¹ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မူႋ (mɯ̄), Pa'o Karen မွူး.


မုၢ်

မုၢ် • (mu̱)


ဘီ

From Proto-Karen *pan (“spear”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဗင်.

a spear; a long pole with a sharp point on one end of it used as a weapon.


ဂီၤ

Cognate with Pa'o Karen ရဝ်ꩻ (“morning”), Eastern Pwo ၯဝ် (ɣɔ̀), Western Pwo ဂီၩ.


ထီပး

ထီပး • (hṭaw pä)


ဘှ့ၣ်

ဘှ့ၣ် • (bhgaỳ)


စဲး

From Burmese စက် (cak). Cognate with Western Kayah ꤡꤢꤧ (cae), Shan ၸၢၵ်ႈ (tsāak).


ဘု

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜူး (bɯ́), Western Pwo ဘုၪ, Northern Pwo บืง, Pa'o Karen ဗူ, Western Kayah ꤙꤟꤌꤣ (bṳeoe), Kayan Baû, Geba Karen B́u, Bwe Karen Bhū. Possibly from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985), compare Danau ဗာ့ (báʔ).


ဟု

Cognate with Bwe Karen hú, Pa'o Karen ဟူ (hù). Luce (1985) suggests that ဟု may be borrowed from Austroasiatic, probably from a descendant of Proto-Austroasiatic *srɔ(ː)ʔ; compare, for example, Mon သွံ (“paddy”).


ဟံၣ်

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-jim ~ k-jum (“house; pit; womb”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯိင်း (ɣéiɴ), Western Pwo ယံၪ့ or ဂံၪ့, Western Kayah ꤟꤤ꤬ (hì), Mizo in, Manipuri ꯌꯨꯝ (yum).


လံာ်

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လံာ် • (leẹ)

From Proto-Karen *lekᴰ (“hawk”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လိက် (lái).


လံာ်

လံာ် • (leẹ)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo လိက် (lái), Western Pwo လံၬ, Pa'o Karen လိတ်, Western Kayah ꤜꤤ꤬ (lì).


ကျီၢ်

ကျီၢ် • (klaw̱)

Borrowed from Mon ဂၠဴ (“ox”) (Luce 1985). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠဴ.


လီၢ်

လီၢ် • (law̱)


နီၢ်

နီၢ် • (naw̱)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏင့် (nâɴ), Pa'o Karen နမ်း.


ပှၤ

ပှၤ • (phgā)

Cognate with Western Kayah ꤕꤚꤟꤢꤧ꤬ (prà̤e). Luce (1985) lists ပှၤ as a pure Karen word whose origin cannot be traced outside of the Karen languages.


ပိာ်ခွါ

ပိာ်ခွါ • (poḥ khwah)


ပိာ်မုၣ်

ပိာ်မုၣ် • (poḥ mù)


ဖိသၣ်ပိာ်ခွါ

ဖိသၣ်ပိာ်ခွါ • (hpoh thà poḥ khwah)

ဖိသၣ် (hpoh thà, “child”) + ပိာ်ခွါ (poḥ khwah, “man”).


ဖိသၣ်ပိာ်မုၣ်

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ဖိသၣ်ပိာ်မုၣ် • (hpoh thà poḥ mù)

ဖိသၣ် (hpoh thà, “child”) + ပိာ်မုၣ် (poḥ mù, “woman”).


ကသ့ၣ်

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ကသ့ၣ် • (ka thaỳ)

From Proto-Karen *k-sreᵀ (“horse”). Cognate with Western Pwo ကၥ့ၪ or ၥ့ၪ, Western Kayah ꤒꤢ꤬ꤞꤤ (tàthi), Pa'o Karen သေ (se). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ʔseh (“horse”) and Danau ထေ (tʰè).


ကသ့ၣ်ဖါ

ကသ့ၣ် (ka thaỳ, “horse”) + ဖါ (hpah, “male”).


ကသ့ၣ်မိၢ်

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ကသ့ၣ်မိၢ် • (ka thaỳ moẖ)

ကသ့ၣ် (ka thaỳ, “horse”) + မိၢ် (moẖ, “female”).


ဒ့

a navel, an umbilicus; the round mark on a person's stomach where the umbilical cord was attached when they were a baby.


ဒ့ပူၤ

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ဒ့ပူၤ • (day poō)


ဒ့ပျံၤ

ဒ့ပျံၤ • (day pleē)


ဖီ

From Proto-Karen *phɔᴬ (“flower”). Cognate with Western Pwo ဖီၫ, Eastern Pwo ဖဝ့် (phɔ̂), Western Kayah ꤖꤥ꤭ (hpō).


မဲ

a tooth; one of the small white parts in your mouth used for biting and chewing.


ပနၢ်

ပနၢ် • (pa na̱)

From Proto-Karen *p/b-naᴮ (“buffalo”). Cognate with Bwe Karen bəne, Eastern Pwo ပၞာႋ (pnā), Pa'o Karen ပနား, Western Pwo ပနါ. Luce (1985) notes a connection with Palaungic; compare Proto-Palaungic *mənaːʔ(Appendix:Proto-Palaungic reconstructions), whence Danau ပနာအ် (pənàʔ), မနာအ် (mənàʔ).


ဆွဲၣ်

ဆွဲၣ် • (hsweh̀)

From Proto-Karen *chwɛᴮ (“crab”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-k(j)aːj (“crab”). Cognate with Western Kayah ꤏꤝꤥ꤬ (hswò), Western Pwo ဆွ့ၪ.


ထွံၣ်

From Proto-Karen *thwiᴮ (“dog”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *thwi² (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n (“dog”).
Cognates
* Eastern Pwo ထုဲး (thwí)
* Pa'o Karen ထွီႏ
* Western Kayah ꤓꤝꤤ꤬ (htwì)
* Western Pwo ထွံၪ
* Burmese ခွေး (hkwe:)
* Galo ikìi
* Manipuri ꯍꯨꯏ (huʼi)
* Tibetan ཁྱི (khyi)


ပဒဲ

From Proto-Karen *p-ˀdɛᴬ (“rabbit”) (Luangthongkum 2019), cognate with Western Pwo ပဒဲၩ, ultimately borrowed from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985); compare, for example, Mon ဗတဲာ.


ထိၣ်

ထိၣ် • (hṭoh̀)

From Proto-Karen *thoᴮ (“bird”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *daw (“bird”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထောဟ် (thʊ́), Western Kayah ꤓꤢꤨ꤬ (htù), Western Pwo ထိၪ, Garo do·-.


ခီၣ်

ခီၣ် • (khaẁ)

From Proto-Karen *khaŋᴮ (“leg”). (Luangthongkum, 2019) Cognate with Pa'o Karen ခင်, Eastern Pwo ခင်း (kháɴ), Western Pwo ခၪ့.


ဘျါ

From Proto-Karen *plaᴬ/ᴮ (“bat”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖၠး (phlá).


ကွဲ

From Proto-Karen *kwatᴰ (“bee (Apis cerana)”).


ကနဲ

From Proto-Karen *k-hneᴬ (“bee (Apis dorsata)”).


ခွံၣ်

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ခွံၣ် • (khweè)

From Proto-Karen *kwiᴮ (“chameleon; lizard”).


သမၣ်

သမၣ် • (tha mà)

tha mà (romanization)
တမၣ် (alternative)

From Proto-Karen *s-hmaᴮ (“crocodile”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သၟး.


ကျံ

From Proto-Karen *kliᴬ ~ *kliˀᴰ (“flea”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-lij ~ *s-ləj (“flea”).


ဒ့ၣ်

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ဒ့ၣ် • (daỳ)

From Proto-Karen *ˀdeᴮ (“frog”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဍေဟ် (dí̱), Pa'o Karen ဒေႏ, Western Kayah ꤘꤤ꤬ (dì), Western Pwo ဒ့ၪ.


ဒွဲၣ်

ဒွဲၣ် • (dweh̀)

From Proto-Karen *ˀdwɛᴮ (“grasshopper”).


ဖျၢ

From Proto-Karen *phrɨNᴬ (“bee; wasp; hornet”). Cognate with Western Kayah ꤕꤜꤢꤦ꤭ (plūe, “bee”).


သူး

head

သူး • (thoö)

From Proto-Karen *s-waˀᴰ (“land leech”).


တလံၤ

တလံၤ • (ta leē)

ta leē (romanization)
သလံၤ (alternative Northern)

From Proto-Karen *k/s-lejᴬ (“water leech”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mV-lit (“leech”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လီ (lì), Mizo hlît.


သလံၤ

tha leē (romanization)
တလံၤ (alternative Southern)

From Proto-Karen *k/s-lejᴬ (“water leech”).


ဃၢ်

From Proto-Karen *ɡraᴮ (“louse; insect”).


သူၣ်

သူၣ် • (thoò)

From Proto-Karen *swɨXᴮ ~ *swɨNᴮ (“head louse”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s(j)ar (“head louse”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သုင်း (θə́ɯɴ).


သူၣ်

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သူၣ် • (thoò)

From Proto-Karen *swɨnᴮ (“liver”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-sin (“liver; bitter; bile”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သုင်း (θə́ɯɴ), Western Kayah ꤞꤣ꤭ (thōe), Pa'o Karen သွုန်ႏ.


လၢၣ်

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လၢၣ် • (luh̀)


ယုၢ်

ယုၢ် • (yu̱)

From Proto-Karen *jowᴮ (“mouse; rat”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-jəw-n ~ bwəj (“rat; rabbit; hare”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယူႋ (jɯ̄), Western Pwo ယူ, Pa'o Karen ယူး. Compare Western Kayah ꤐꤟꤌꤣ (zṳeoe).


ကံၣ်

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ကံၣ် • (keè)


ပှာ်

ပှာ် • (phgạ)

From Proto-Karen *braˀᴰ (“peacock”). Luce (1959) proposes a connection with Mon မြာ် (pəràik). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယှး (jH3).


ပှာ်

ပှာ် • (phgạ)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယှ (jH), Western Pwo ၡၬ.

a net; a circular net which is cast using a throwing action used to catch fish.

lead; a soft heavy metal used in making batteries.


အ့ၣ်

အ့ၣ် • (ʼaỳ)

From Proto-Karen *ʔeᴮ (“dung; excrement”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo အှ်ေ (ʔí̱). Luce (1985) suggests a connection with Austroasiatic; compare, for example, Mon အိက်.


မ့ၣ်

မ့ၣ် • (maỳ)

From Proto-Karen *hmeᴮ (“fire”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *me² (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *məj (“fire”).
Cognates
* Bwe Karen mɪ
* Eastern Pwo မှ်ေ (mí̱)
* Pa'o Karen မေႏ
* Western Kayah ꤗꤤ꤬ (mì)
* Western Pwo မ့ၪ
* Galo əmə̀


မ့ၣ်

မ့ၣ် • (maỳ)

From Proto-Karen *hmejᴮ (“nail”) (Luangthongkum, 2019). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မီး (mí).


ဝၣ်

From Proto-Karen *hwaᴮ (“bamboo”), from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *r/g/s-pʷa (“bamboo”). Cognates include Eastern Pwo ဝး (wá), Pa'o Karen ဝါႏ, Western Kayah ꤠꤟꤢꤧ꤬ (và̤e), Western Pwo ဝၪ (wa), Burmese ဝါး (wa:), Manipuri ꯋꯥ (wā), Mizo rua.


ဘီၣ်

ဘီၣ် • (baẁ)

From Proto-Karen *ˀbaŋᴮ (“bamboo shoot”), from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985), compare Proto-Palaungic *ɓaŋ (Appendix:Proto-Palaungic reconstructions), Mon က္ၜၚ်. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜင်း (báɴ), Western Pwo ဝၪဘၪ့.


နံၣ်

နံၣ် • (neè)

From Proto-Karen *hneŋᴮ (“year”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *nin² (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ni(ŋ~k). Cognate with Pa'o Karen နေင်ႏ, Western Pwo နံၪ့, Eastern Pwo ဏိင်း (néiɴ). Compare Western Kayah ꤔꤢ꤬ (nà).


နံၣ်

နံၣ် • (neè)


ညၣ်

From Proto-Karen *ˀɲ/hɲaᴮ (“flesh; meat”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယး (já), Western Pwo ယၪ, Pa'o Karen ယာႏ.


လါ

From Proto-Karen *ʔlaᴬ (“moon, month”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *la⁴ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sr-la (“moon; month”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen လာ, Western Pwo လၩ, Eastern Pwo လာ (là), Western Kayah ꤜꤢꤧ꤭ (lāe), Burmese လ (la.).


ဒံၣ်

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ဒံၣ် • (deè)

From Proto-Karen *ʔdejᴮ (“egg”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *di² (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d(w)əj. Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဒီႏ, Eastern Pwo ဍီး (dí).


ဃံ

From Proto-Karen *khrwitᴰ (“bone”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *xwi⁴ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဆွတ်, Eastern Pwo ၰုဲး (xwí), Western Pwo ဎွံၪ, Western Kayah ꤊꤚꤝꤤ (krwi), Burmese ရိုး (rui:), Mizo ruh.


ကိာ်

ကိာ် • (koḥ)

neck; the part of the body connecting the head to the shoulders.


စု

Cognate with Pa'o Karen စူ, Eastern Pwo စူး (cɯ́), Western Pwo စူၪ.

a hand; the part of the body below the wrist to which your fingers are attached.


ပျ့ၤ

ပျ့ၤ • (plaȳ)

From Proto-Karen *bleᴬ (“tongue”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *phle³ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-laj ~ s-lej (“tongue”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖၠေဝ် (phlì̱), Pa'o Karen ဖြေ, Mizo lei, Manipuri ꯂꯩ (lei).


မဲာ်

head

မဲာ် • (meḥ)

From Proto-Karen *mɛʔᴰ (“eye, face”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *mɛʔ¹ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-mjak ~ s-mik (“eye”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen မဲ့, Western Pwo မ့ၬ, Eastern Pwo မေံ (mèQ). Compare Western Kayah ꤗꤢꤧ꤬ꤞꤢꤧ꤬ (màethàe).


ဂုၢ်

head

ဂုၢ် • (ghu̱)

From Proto-Karen *rowᴮ (“snake”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *ɣy¹ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ရူး, Eastern Pwo ဝူႋ (wɯ̄), Western Pwo ဂူ, Western Kayah ꤚꤟꤢꤨ (rṳ), Mizo rûl.


လၢၢ်

လၢၢ် • (luẖ)

From Proto-Karen *loŋᴮ (“stone, rock”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *loŋ¹ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-lu(ŋ/k) (“stone”).
Cognates
* Eastern Pwo လုံႋ (lōʊɴ)
* Pa'o Karen လုံး
* Western Kayah ꤜꤟꤢꤪ (lo̤a)
* Eastern Kayah lɔ̀
* Drung lung
* Rawang lóng
* Manipuri ꯅꯨꯡ (nung)


ဆံၣ်

ဆံၣ် • (hseè)

From Proto-Karen *chjaNᴮ (“sour”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kjuːr ~ *s-kjwaːr (“sour; to be acid”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဆျာႏ, Western Kayah ꤏꤛꤢꤩ꤬ (hsyè).


စီးကပ့ၤ

head

စီးကပ့ၤ • (saẅ ka paȳ)


ကလ့ၢ်

ကလ့ၢ် • (ka lay̱)

From Proto-Karen *k-leᴮ (“kidney”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ɡ-la (“spleen; kidney”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လေဝ်ႋ (lī̱).


သိမိၢ်

head

သိမိၢ် • (thoh moẖ)

သိ (thoh, “sheep”) + မိၢ် (moẖ, “female”).


ကုၢ်

head

ကုၢ် • (ku̱)


တၢ်ဒိးတၢ်လၣ်

တၢ်ဒိးတၢ်လၣ် • (ta̱ doḧ ta̱ là)


ဖံး

ဖံး • (hpeë)

From Proto-Karen *pheɁᴰ (“bark (n.), leather, skin”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖါ် (phài).


ကလံၤ

head

ကလံၤ • (ka leē)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *qV-lij (“wind”). Cognates include Pa'o Karen တလီꩻ, Eastern Pwo လီ (lì), Western Pwo လံၩ, Burmese လေ (le), Mizo thli.


လၣ်

From Proto-Karen *hlaᴮ (“leaf”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-la (“leaf; tea; flat thing”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လး (lá), Western Pwo လၪ, Western Kayah ꤜꤢꤧ꤬ (làe).


သ့ၣ်လၣ်

head

သ့ၣ်လၣ် • (thaỳ là)

သ့ၣ် (thaỳ, “tree”) + လၣ် (là, “leaf”). Compare Eastern Pwo သိင်းလး (θéiɴ lá), Western Pwo ၥံၪ့လၪ, Western Kayah ꤞꤢꤪ꤬ꤜꤢꤧ꤬ (thòalàe).


သ့ၣ်

သ့ၣ် • (thaỳ)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *si(ŋ/k) (“wood, firewood, tree”).
Cognates
* Eastern Pwo သိင်း (θéiɴ)
* Pa'o Karen သေင်ႏ
* Western Kayah ꤞꤢꤪ꤬ (thòa)
* Western Pwo ၥံၪ့
* Drung shing
* Rawang shǿng
* Tibetan ཤིང (shing)


ခၣ်

From Proto-Karen *kaᴮ (“chin; jaw”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခး (khá), Western Pwo ခၪ, Western Kayah ꤋꤢꤧ꤬ (hkàe), Pa'o Karen ကာႏ.

a chin; the part of the face that is under the mouth.

(lower) jaw; the bone around the mouth that holds the teeth.


ပၢၤ

head

ပၢၤ • (puh̄)

From Proto-Karen *bəŋᴬ (“pot”). Cognate with Western Pwo ဖျိၪ, Western Kayah ꤕꤟꤢꤪ꤬ (pò̤a).


သပၢၤ

tha puh̄ (romanization)
ပၢၤ (alternative)


ထံတမၢၢ်

ထံတမၢၢ် • (hṭee ta muẖ)

hṭee ta muẖ (romanization)
ထံတမၢၣ် (alternative)


နၤ

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏာ (nà).


ထး

From Proto-Karen *thaɁᴰ, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hljak (“iron, iron instrument”). Cognate with Western Pwo ထၭ, Eastern Pwo ထာ (thà). Compare Western Kayah ꤒꤟꤢꤪꤓꤢꤧ (to̤ahtae).


နံၤ

From Proto-Karen *nejᴬ, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ku-ni(k) (“sun; day”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏီ (nì), Western Pwo နံၩ, Pa'o Karen နီꩻ (ni). Compare Western Kayah ꤗꤟꤢꤪꤑꤢꤩ꤭ (mo̤anyē).


တနၢ်

head

တနၢ် • (ta na̱)

Cognate with Bwe Karen dənɛ, Western Pwo နါဒံၩ့.


လ့ၣ်

လ့ၣ် • (laỳ)


တၢၢ်

တၢၢ် • (tuẖ)

From Proto-Karen *dəŋᴮ (“ant”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထုင်ႋ (thə̄ɯɴ), Pa'o Karen ထွိုင်း (tʰə̂ŋ), Western Kayah ꤒꤟꤢꤪ (to̤a).


စ့

Cognate with Eastern Pwo စေဝ် (cì̱), Western Pwo စ့ၩ. Luce (1985) suggests a connection with Austroasiatic (whence Pa'o ရွဉ် (rə̀n)); compare, for example, Mon သြန် (sɔn). Luangthongkum (2019) does not consider the S'gaw and Pa'o forms connected.


သွံၣ်

သွံၣ် • (thweè)

ksw-noun

သွံၣ် • (thweè)

From Proto-Karen *swiᴮ (“blood”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *swiʔ (“blood”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သုဲး (θwí), Pa'o Karen သွီႏ, Western Pwo ၥွံၪ, Western Kayah ꤞꤝꤤ꤬ (thwì).


မဲၢ်

head

မဲၢ် • (meẖ)

ksw-noun

မဲၢ် • (meẖ)

From Proto-Karen *meᴮ (“tail”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lməj (“tail; penis”). Compare Western Kayah ꤋꤢ꤭ꤗꤟꤤ (hkāmi̤), Eastern Pwo မေဝ်ႋ (mī̱), Western Pwo မ့, Pa'o Karen မေး, Manipuri ꯃꯩ (mei).


တၢ်အဲၣ်တၢ်ကွံ

head

တၢ်အဲၣ်တၢ်ကွံ • (ta̱ ʼeh̀ ta̱ kwee)

ksw-noun

တၢ်အဲၣ်တၢ်ကွံ • (ta̱ ʼeh̀ ta̱ kwee)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆ်ုအဲဆ်ုကုဲ (chə ʔɛ́ chə kwì), Western Pwo ဆၧအဲၪဆၧကွံၩ.

cog

Western Pwo ဆၧအဲၪဆၧကွံၩ


တၢ်အဲၣ်

head

တၢ်အဲၣ် • (ta̱ ʼeh̀)

ksw-noun

တၢ်အဲၣ် • (ta̱ ʼeh̀)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + အဲၣ် (ʼeh̀, “love”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆ်ုအဲ (chə ʔɛ́), Western Pwo ဆၧအဲၪ.


တၢ်အိၣ်မူ

head

တၢ်အိၣ်မူ • (ta̱ ʼoh̀ moo)

ksw-noun

တၢ်အိၣ်မူ • (ta̱ ʼoh̀ moo)


သကွံ

tha kwee (romanization)
တကွံ (alternative)


ဖိ

Cognate with Western Pwo ဖိၪ, Eastern Pwo ဖောဟ် (phʊ́).

ထွံၣ်ဖိ

Used to refer to the babies of an animal.

သုးဖိ

ပှၤကီၢ်ပယီၤဖိ

A marker used to form an agent noun or to denote a person characterised by the preceding noun.

ချံဖိ

A diminutive marker suffixed to nouns or adjectives, for example:


ကဆီ

From Proto-Karen *k-chaŋᴬ (“elephant”). Cognate with Western Pwo ကဆၫ့, Eastern Pwo က်ုဆင့် (kə châɴ), Western Kayah ꤒꤢ꤬ꤏꤛꤢ꤭ (tàhsyā). Compare Danau ကစဲဉ် (kəsɛ̀ɴ).


ချံး

head

ချံး • (khleë)

From Proto-Karen *kliʔᴰ (“turtle; tortoise”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-lip (“turtle; tortoise”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠါ် (khlài), Western Pwo ချံၭ, Western Kayah ꤒꤢ꤬ꤊꤜꤤ (tàkli), Pa'o Karen ကြေ့ꩻ.


ခိၣ်

head

ခိၣ် • (khoh̀)

From Proto-Karen *khuᴮ (“head”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေါဟ် (khʊ́), Western Pwo ခိၪ (kʰò).

a head; the part of the body containing the brain, eyes and mouth.


ဆါ

From Proto-Karen *chaᴬ (“ill, painful, sick”), from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *tsə (“hot; fever; hurt; ill; hungry”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆာ့ (châ), Western Pwo ဆၫ, Burmese ဆာ (hca).


ခိၣ်ဆါ

ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head”) + ဆါ (hsah, “pain”).


စီၤကပ့ၤ

head

စီၤကပ့ၤ • (saw̄ ka paȳ)


ကွဲၢ်မိၢ်ဘီ

ကွဲၢ်မိၢ်ဘီ • (kweẖ moẖ baw)

/kwɛ̀lɛ̀bɔ́/


ကွဲၢ်လဲၢ်ဘီ

ကွဲၢ်လဲၢ်ဘီ • (kweẖ leẖ baw)


ခီၣ်ဖၠူထၢၣ်

ခီၣ်ဖၠူထၢၣ် • (khaẁ hpyoo hṭuh̀)


စုပှီၢ်လီၤအလီၢ်

စုပှီၢ်လီၤအလီၢ် • (su phgaw̱ law̄ ʼa law̱)


နီၣ်ဆီၣ်ခံ

နီၣ်ဆီၣ်ခံ • (naẁ hsaẁ khee)


ကီး

Compare Mon လ္ကံ. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ကောဝ် (kʊ̀).


ကလုၢ်ဒၢ

ကလုၢ်ဒၢ • (ka lu̱ duh)


ခံပူၤ

From ခံ (khee, “rear, buttocks”) + ပူၤ (poō, “hole”). The first component is from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *kləj. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခင့်ဖိုင် (khâɴ phə̀ɴ).

compound

(anatomy) anus; the opening on your bottom where faeces comes out when you go to the toilet.


ဝ့ၤ

From Proto-Karen *s-waˀᴰ (“land leech”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rV-pat.


လါကပီၤ

လါ (lah, “moon”) + ကပီၤ (ka paw̄, “light”).


ကျီး

head

ကျီး • (klaẅ)

Compare Mon ကၠံ. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ကၠေါဝ် (klʊ̀).


ကျီး

ကျီး • (klaẅ)


ပျၢ်

ပျၢ် • (pla̱)

From Proto-Karen *blaᴮ (“arrow”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mV-la(k). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖၠာႋ (phlā), Pa'o Karen ပြာႏ, Burmese မြား (mra:), Newar बला (balā).

an arrow; a pointed stick that is fired from a bow.


တၢ်ပၢၢ်ဆၢ

တၢ်ပၢၢ်ဆၢ • (ta̱ puẖ hsuh)


သုးပၢတၢ်ကရူၢ်

သုးပၢတၢ်ကရူၢ် • (thü puh ta̱ ka roo̱)


သုးမီၤစိရိၤ

သုးမီၤစိရိၤ • (thü maw̄ soh roh̄)


တၢ်ဟံးဆူၣ်ကီၢ်တၢ်စိကမီၤ

တၢ်ဟံးဆူၣ်ကီၢ်တၢ်စိကမီၤ • (ta̱ heë hsoò kaw̱ ta̱ soh ka maw̄)

ta̱ heë hsoò kaw̱ ta̱ soh ka maw̄ (romanization)

en-တၢ်ဟံးဆူၣ်ကီၢ်တၢ်စိကမီၤ-ksw-noun-d1tw~dOZ


ကီၢ်ပဒိၣ်

ကီၢ်ပဒိၣ် • (kaw̱ pa doh̀)


ဒံၣ်မိၣ်ခြ့ၣ်စံၣ်

ဒံၣ်မိၣ်ခြ့ၣ်စံၣ် • (deè moh̀ khraỳ seè)


ပှၤဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဖိ

ပှၤဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဖိ • (phgā haẁ khoh̀ hpoh)

From ပှၤ (phgā, “person”) + ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် (haẁ khoh̀, “earth”) + ဖိ (hpoh, “child”).


သီမုၢ်

head

သီမုၢ် • (thaw mu̱)


နီၣ်ကီၤစဲၣ်

နီၣ်ကီၤစဲၣ် • (naẁ kaw̄ seh̀)


အဂီၤ

အဂီၤ • (ʼa ghaw̄)


အလါအဲး

အလါအဲး • (ʼa lah ʼeḧ)


အဝါဃး

အဝါဃး • (ʼa wah xä)


ဂီၤလုးစၢ်

ဂီၤလုးစၢ် • (ghaw̄ lü sa̱)


အဂီၤလုး

အဂီၤလုး • (ʼa ghaw̄ lü)


အလွဲၢ်ဃး

အလွဲၢ်ဃး • (ʼa lweẖ xä)


စူၢ်ဝံၣ်သၣ်လွဲၢ်

စူၢ်ဝံၣ်သၣ်လွဲၢ် • (soo̱ weè thà lweẖ)


ဂီၤစၢ်

ဂီၤစၢ် • (ghaw̄ sa̱)


သရၣ်မုၣ်သိၣ်လိတၢ်

သရၣ်မုၣ်သိၣ်လိတၢ် • (tha rà mù thoh̀ loh ta̱)

/θa̰jàmùθòlótà/


သရၣ်သိၣ်လိတၢ်

သရၣ်သိၣ်လိတၢ် • (tha rà thoh̀ loh ta̱)

/θa̰jàθòlótà/


ကသံၣ်သရၣ်

ကသံၣ်သရၣ် • (ka theè tha rà)

/ka̰θìθa̰jà/


ပှၤဖိတၢ်အခိၣ်

ပှၤဖိတၢ်အခိၣ် • (phgā hpoh ta̱ ʼa khoh̀)

/pʰápʰɔ̀tàʔəkʰò/


ပှၤမၤပံာ်မ့ၣ်

ပှၤမၤပံာ်မ့ၣ် • (phgā mā peẹ maỳ)


ဖျၢၣ်ထူ

ဖျၢၣ်ထူ • (hpluh̀ hṭoo)

/pʰa̰lɛ̀tʰú/


မးအိသၣ်

မးအိသၣ် • (mä ʼoh thà)


ၡူ

လၢတၢ်ဆါတၢ်ပှ့ၤတၢ်မၤန့ၣ် ပမ့ၢ်တကူၣ်သ့ကူၣ်ဘၣ်လၢတၢ်ဂံၢ်တၢ်ဒွးဘၣ်ဒီး ပကၡူလီၤႉ

luh ta̱ hsah ta̱ phgaȳ ta̱ mā naỳ pa may̱ ta koò thay koò bà luh ta̱ ghee̱ ta̱ dwä bà daẅ pa ka shoo law̄ .

We will lose in doing trading if we are not good at calculation.


ပတ့ၤချဲး

ပတ့ၤချဲး • (pa taȳ khleḧ)


kahkui.

ရမျာင်


ဆီဒံၣ်

ဆီဒံၣ် • (hsaw deè)

ဆီ (hsaw, “chicken”) + ဒံၣ် (deè, “egg”).


ဒံၣ်ချံ

head

ဒံၣ်ချံ • (deè khlee)


ဒံၣ်သၣ်

ဒံၣ်သၣ် • (deè thà)


တံၤသကိး

တံၤသကိး • (teē tha koḧ)


အိၣ်ဆူၣ်

အိၣ်ဆူၣ် • (ʼoh̀ hsoò)

သုအိၣ်ဆူၣ်စ့ၢ်ကီးဧါႉ


ထံၣ်လိာ်သး

ထံၣ်လိာ်သး • (hṭeè loḥ thä)

တထံၣ်ဘၣ်လိာ်သးယံာ်လံႉ


မိၢ်ပၢ်

မိၢ်ပၢ် • (moẖ pa̱)

မိၢ်ပၢ်အဘျုးန့ၣ်ဒိၣ်ကတၢၢ်လီၤႉ

သးပ့ၤနီၣ်မိၢ်ပၢ်အဘျုးတဂ့ၤႉ

Do not forget the kindness of your parents.


ပနီကျဲသၣ်

/pa̰nɔ́ka̰lɛ́θà/

From ပနီကျဲ (pa naw kleh, “lime”) + သၣ် (thà, “fruit”).


တၤသၣ်ဃ့ၣ်

head

တၤသၣ်ဃ့ၣ် • (tā thà xaỳ)


တၢ်အထံ

တၢ်အထံ • (ta̱ ʼa hṭee)

တၢ်သူတၢ်သၣ်အထံ

တၢ်သူတၢ်သၣ်အထံ#S'gaw_Karen

alternative form of တၢ်သူတၢ်သၣ်အထံ (ta̱ thoo ta̱ thà ʼa hṭee)


တၢ်သူတၢ်သၣ်အထံ

တၢ်သူတၢ်သၣ်အထံ • (ta̱ thoo ta̱ thà ʼa hṭee)

/tàθútàθàʔa̰tʰí/


အံသၣ်ဆၢ

အံသၣ်ဆၢ • (ʼee thà hsuh)


အၣ်လူဆဲးသိ

အၣ်လူဆဲးသိ • (ʼà loo hseḧ thoh)

/ʔàlúsʰɛ̰θó/


အၣ်လူ

အၣ်လူ • (ʼà loo)


ခၠီကလဲး

/t͡ɕʰɔ̰ka̰lɛʔ/

Borrowed from Burmese ချောကလက် (hkyau:ka.lak).


တၢ်နုၢ်ထံလီၤသကၤ

တၢ်နုၢ်ထံလီၤသကၤ • (ta̱ nu̱ hṭee law̄ tha kā)

/tànùtʰílɔ́θa̰kà/


တၢ်ဆၢကိၢ်လိၢ်

တၢ်ဆၢကိၢ်လိၢ် • (ta̱ hsuh koẖ loẖ)

/tàsʰɛ́kòlò/


သံမိၢ်ပီၤ

သံမိၢ်ပီၤ • (thee moẖ paw̄)


ချိၣ်သဝံးခံ

/kʰa̰lòθa̰wḭkʰí/


ထိးကလဲာ်

ထိးကလဲာ် • (hṭoḧ ka leḥ)


ဖျၤ

ဖျၤ • (hplā)


မဲာ်ညါ

မဲာ်ညါ • (meḥ nyah)

From မဲာ် (meḥ, “eye, face”) + ညါ (nyah, “front”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မေံယာ့ (mèQjâ).


တၢ်အၢၣ်

head

တၢ်အၢၣ် • (ta̱ ʼuh̀)

တၢ်အၢၣ်တလိၣ်


တၢၢ်ကွဲၤ

တၢၢ်ကွဲၤ • (tuẖ kweh̄)


မုၣ်ကမဲ

မုၣ်ကမဲ • (mù ka meh)

From မုၣ် (mù, “female”) + ကမဲ (ka meh, “be widowed”).

compound

a widow: a woman who has lost her husband and has no husband.


သးပှၢ်

head

သးပှၢ် • (thä phga̱)

From သး (thä, “heart”) + ပှၢ် (phga̱, “old”). Cognate with Western Pwo ၥၭၡါ.


မာ်ဖိ

မာ်ဖိ • (mạ hpoh)


ဒဲၣ်မုၣ်

ဒဲၣ်မုၣ် • (deh̀ mù)

a daughter-in-law; a daughter by marriage.


ဝဲၢ်ပှၢ်

ဝဲၢ်ပှၢ် • (weẖ phga̱)


ဘူးတံၢ်

ဘူးတံၢ် • (boö tee̱)

a relative; a person connected by birth or marriage.


ဒီၡဲၣ်ဒိၣ်

ဒီၡဲၣ်ဒိၣ် • (daw sheh̀ doh̀)


ဒီဒိၣ်

ဒီဒိၣ် • (daw doh̀)

the relationship existing between the parents of a man and that of his wife.


ဖိဒိၣ်ခွါ

a nephew; the son of your brother or sister.


ဖိဒိၣ်မုၣ်

ဖိဒိၣ်မုၣ် • (hpoh doh̀ mù)

a niece; the daughter of your brother or sister.


ခိုၣ်ဃံ

ခိုၣ်ဃံ • (khoh ù xee)


ခိၣ်သူ

From ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head”) + သူ (thoo, “hair”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေါဟ်သူ့ (khʊ́ θɯ̂). According to Luce (1985), the second syllable, သူ, is borrowed from Austroasiatic; compare Mon သော် (sok). Luangthongkum (2019) reconstructs Proto-Karen *khuᴮsluᴬ (“hair (head~)”), positing a connection with Pa'o ကလူꩻ (kəlū) and Western Kayah ꤋꤢꤨ꤬ꤜꤟꤌꤣ꤬ (hkùlṳ̀eoe).

compound

hair; the hair that grows on the top of your head.


ခိၣ်တိသၣ်

head

ခိၣ်တိသၣ် • (khoh̀ toh thà)

the forehead, the brow; the part of the head above the eyes and below the hair-line.


မဲာ်တူၢ်

မဲာ်တူၢ် • (meḥ too̱)


မဲာ်ချံ

မဲာ်ချံ • (meḥ khlee)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo မေံခၠီ့ (mèQkhlî).


ဘိးပၤ

ဘိးပၤ • (boḧ pā)


ကိာ်ယူၤ

ကိာ်ယူၤ • (koḥ yoō)

throat; the tube inside your neck that takes food, water and air inside the body.


ထးခိၣ်

ထးခိၣ် • (hṭä khoh̀)


ဖ့ဘၣ်ခိၣ်

ဖ့ဘၣ်ခိၣ် • (hpay bà khoh̀)


တံာ်လာ်

တံာ်လာ် • (teẹ lạ)

an armpit; the space underneath your arm at the shoulder joint.


စုဒုၣ်

စုဒုၣ် • (su dù)

a forearm; the part of your body between the elbow and the hand.


စုမုၢ်

စုမုၢ် • (su mu̱)


စုမ့ၣ်

စုမ့ၣ် • (su maỳ)

a claw; one of the hard sharp toe-nails that some animals and birds have on their feet.

a finger-nail; the hard part that protects the end of your fingers.


သးနါပှၢ်

သးနါပှၢ် • (thä nah phga̱)

the chest; the front of the body between the neck and the waist.


ကဖု

the stomach; the part of the body that holds your food after you have eaten it.


ခီဒုၣ်

ခီဒုၣ် • (khaw dù)

a calf; the back part of the leg between the knee and the ankle.


ခီၣ်လ့ၣ်ခိၣ်

ခီၣ်လ့ၣ်ခိၣ် • (khaẁ laỳ khoh̀)

a knee; the joint that joins the upper and lower leg together.


ခီတစၢၤ

/kʰɔ̀ta̰sɛ̀/


ခီၣ်ညါသၣ်

ခီၣ်ညါသၣ် • (khaẁ nyah thà)

khaẁ nyah thà (romanization)
ခီၣ်ညါသး (alternative)


ခီၣ်နၢၤခံ

ခီၣ်နၢၤခံ • (khaẁ nuh̄ khee)


အသးအိ

အသးအိ • (ʼa thä ʼoh)


အသး

အသး • (ʼa thä)

From အ (ʼa, “his, her, its, their”) + သး (thä, “heart, soul, self”).

compound

Used in reflexive clauses: himself, herself, itself, themselves


အသူၣ်

head

အသူၣ် • (ʼa thoò)


အပွံး

အပွံး • (ʼa pweë)


အကလ့ၤ

အကလ့ၤ • (ʼa ka laȳ)


ဒၢလီၢ်

ဒၢလီၢ် • (duh law̱)

a uterus, a womb; the part of a female animal's body where the fertilized egg grows into a baby.


ကွါ

an axe; a tool for chopping wood or trees.


ချံၣ်

ချံၣ် • (khleè)

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tV-lij (“bow, slingshot”). Cognate with Burmese လေး (le:) and Eastern Pwo ခၠီး (khlí).


ထု

a snare, a trap; a device made for catching an animal.


ဘီဖျး

a back-hoe, a mattock; a tool for digging the soil.


နီၣ်ဘျုး

head

နီၣ်ဘျုး • (naẁ blü)

a sling, a catapult; a weapon used to fire small stones.


ဘီခိၣ်စု

a harpoon; used for catching whales and other large sea creatures.


တ့ၤခီၣ်

တ့ၤခီၣ် • (taȳ khaẁ)


နီၣ်ပုာ်

နီၣ်ပုာ် • (naẁ pụ)


ချံၣ်နီပုာ်

ချံၣ်နီပုာ် • (khleè naw pụ)


က့ၣ်

က့ၣ် • (kaỳ)


ဖၣ်ကပူၤ

ဖၣ်ကပူၤ • (hpà ka poō)

a fireplace; the place where a fire is lit inside the house.


သ့ၣ်မုၢ်

သ့ၣ်မုၢ် • (thaỳ mu̱)

firewood; small pieces of wood collected or cut to be burnt on a fire.


ကစၢၢ်

ကစၢၢ် • (ka suẖ)


တၢ်လူၢ်

တၢ်လူၢ် • (ta̱ loo̱)


တၢ်ခိၣ်စိး

တၢ်ခိၣ်စိး • (ta̱ khoh̀ soḧ)


နာ်

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဍင်ဏး (dàɴ ná), Western Pwo ဒၩ့နၬ.


တၢ်ကတိၤ

တၢ်ကတိၤ • (ta̱ ka toh̄)


ဖီး

ဖီး • (hpaẅ)


ကနၣ်

ကနၣ် • (ka nà)

a blade, the cutting edge of a knife, axe, etc.


သဝီ

tha waw (romanization)
ဖျၢၣ် (classifier)

Borrowed from Mon တွာန်. Compare Eastern Pwo တွာန့် (twâɴ).


မ့ၤ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo မေဝ် (mì̱), Western Pwo မ့ၩ.


ချံ

From Proto-Karen *klejᴬ (“boat”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠီ့ (khlî), Pa'o Karen ဖြီ (phrì), Western Pwo ချံၫ.


ချံ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠီ့ (khlî), Pa'o Karen ခြွီ (khrwì).


ပျံၤ

ပျံၤ • (pleē)

Cognate with Bwe Karen bli, Eastern Pwo ဖၠီ (phlì), Pa'o Karen ဖြွီꩻ. Luce (1985) lists ပျံၤ as a pure Karen word whose origin cannot be traced outside of the Karen languages.


မံၤ

From Proto-Karen *minᴬ (“name”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မိင် (mèiɴ), Western Pwo မံၩ့, Pa'o Karen မဉ်ꩻ, Western Kayah ꤗꤝꤟꤤ꤬ (mwì̤).


ထိးမံၤ

ထိးမံၤ • (hṭoḧ meē)

From ထိး (hṭoḧ, “pig”) + မံၤ (meē, “wild”).


မဲးမုၢ်ခိၣ်

မဲးမုၢ်ခိၣ် • (meḧ mu̱ khoh̀)


မုၢ်ဂၢ်

မုၢ်ဂၢ် • (mu̱ gha̱)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo မောဝ်ႋၯာႋ (mʊ̄ ɣā).

cog

Eastern Pwo မောဝ်ႋၯာႋ (mʊ̄ ɣā)


ဆူၣ်

head

ဆူၣ် • (hsoò)

From Proto-Karen *chuNᴮ (“feather, fur, body hair”), from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *(t)su-ŋ (“hair, mane, beard”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆံင်း (chóɴ), Pa'o Karen ဆွဉ်ႏ.


တၢ်ဆါဟံၣ်

head

တၢ်ဆါဟံၣ် • (ta̱ hsah heè)

From တၢ်ဆါ (ta̱ hsah, “sickness”) + ဟံၣ် (heè, “house”).


နၢၤ

head

နၢၤ • (nuh̄)

From Proto-Karen *noŋᴬ (“horn”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo နုံ (nòʊɴ).


ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဂီၤ

ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဂီၤ • (haẁ khoh̀ ghaw̄)

From ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် (haẁ khoh̀, “earth”) + ဂီၤ (ghaw̄, “picture”).


မဲာ်ထံကလၤ

head

မဲာ်ထံကလၤ • (meḥ hṭee ka lā)


သၣ်မံယီၤ

သၣ်မံယီၤ • (thà mee yaw̄)

thà mee yaw̄ (romanization)
သၣ်မံညီၤ (alternative)


လီၢ်မံ

လီၢ်မံ • (law̱ mee)

From လီၢ် (law̱, “place”) + မံ (mee, “sleep”).


သဒီၣ်

head

သဒီၣ် • (tha daẁ)


ပှ့ၤ

ပှ့ၤ • (phgaȳ)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-rey (“buy, barter”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၰိုဲ (xwè), Western Pwo ဎွ့ၩ, Pa'o Karen ဖြေꩻ.


ခါဆူညါ

From ခါ (khah, “time”) + ဆူ (hsoo, “to”) + ညါ (nyah, “front”).


သိလ့ၣ်

head

သိလ့ၣ် • (thoh laỳ)

From သိ (thoh, “oil”) + လ့ၣ် (laỳ, “cart”).


ဝ့ၢ်

ဝ့ၢ် • (way̱)


တၢ်ဆီတလဲ

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ဆီတလဲ (hsaw ta leh, “change”).


တလါ

Borrowed from Mon ကလာ. Cognate with Eastern Pwo တၠာ့ (tlâ).


ပဲတြီ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ပါင်တြင့် (pàiɴ trâɴ).

bor

Mon ပါၚ် တရၚ်


သီခါ

Ultimately from Sanskrit सङ्घ (saṅgha). Cognate with Western Pwo ၥၫ့ခၫ.


ကမံးတံာ်

head

ကမံးတံာ် • (ka meë teẹ)


ဆီညၣ်

From ဆီ (hsaw, “chicken”) + ညၣ် (nyà, “meat”).


တိၢ်

head

တိၢ် • (toẖ)


ပသၢဝါ

From ပသၢ (pa thuh, “onion”) + ဝါ (wah, “white”).


ခ့ယုၢ်

head

ခ့ယုၢ် • (khay yu̱)


ထွံၣ်ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်

ထွံၣ်ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် • (hṭweè haẁ khoh̀)

From ထွံၣ် (hṭweè, “dog”) + ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် (haẁ khoh̀, “earth”).


ထံဘျါ

From ထံ (hṭee, “water”) + ဘျါ (blah, “bland”).


ထးနါ

head

ထးနါ • (hṭä nah)


နိၣ်

နိၣ် • (noh̀)


ပီၣ်လဲၣ်

ပီၣ်လဲၣ် • (paẁ leh̀)


စံာ်

စံာ် • (seẹ)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆိက် (chái).


သး

From Proto-Karen *saʔᴰ (“heart”). Cognate with Western Pwo ၥၭ, Eastern Pwo သာ (θà), Pa'o Karen သꩻ.

inh

Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m-sak (“breath(e), life”)

တဘၣ်ထိၣ်သတြီၤနသးဒီးပှၤအဂၤနီတဘျီတဂ့ၤ

ta bà hṭoh̀ tha traw̄na thädaẅ phgā ʼa ghā naw ta blaw ta ghaȳ

ပဲတြီအိးထီၣ်ဃာ်အသး

Used to make a non-agentive verb out of an agentive verb, similar to an anticausative marker.


ခဲၣ်

head

ခဲၣ် • (kheh̀)


ဘီၣ်သိၣ်

ဘီၣ်သိၣ် • (baẁ thoh̀)


ကၠိ

Borrowed from Burmese ကျောင်း (kyaung:). Compare Eastern Pwo ကျံင်ႋ (kjōɴ), Pa'o Karen ကျောင်ꩻ.


ပူၤ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖိုင် (phə̀ɴ).


မဲာ်ထံ

မဲာ်ထံ • (meḥ hṭee)

From မဲာ် (meḥ, “eye”) + ထံ (hṭee, “water”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မေံထီ့ (mèQthî).


ကီၢ်

ကီၢ် • (kaw̱)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခါန်ႋ (khāɴ), Pa'o Karen ခမ်း, Western Pwo ခး (kʰâɴ).


နီၣ်

နီၣ် • (naẁ)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏင်း (náɴ).


နီၣ်

နီၣ် • (naẁ)

Used as the first component in nominal compounds indicating an instrument.


တၢ်မၤ

တၢ်မၤ • (ta̱ mā)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + မၤ (mā, “do”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆ်ုမာ (chə mà).


တၢ်ဃုထၢ

တၢ်ဃုထၢ • (ta̱ xu hṭuh)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ဃုထၢ (xu hṭuh, “choose”).


တီၤဖုၣ်ကၠိ

head

တီၤဖုၣ်ကၠိ • (taw̄ hpù kyoh)

From တီၤ (taw̄, “grade”) + ဖုၣ် (hpù, “low”) + ကၠိ (kyoh, “school”).


သ့ၣ်ပှၢ်

head

သ့ၣ်ပှၢ် • (thaỳ phga̱)

From သ့ၣ် (thaỳ, “tree”) + ပှၢ် (phga̱).


ကီၢ်စဲၣ်

ကီၢ်စဲၣ် • (kaw̱ seh̀)

a state, administrative subdivision of Myanmar


ကီၢ်ရ့ၣ်

ကီၢ်ရ့ၣ် • (kaw̱ raỳ)

(Myanmar) district, administrative subdivision of ကီၢ်ဒိၣ် (kaw̱ doh̀, “region”) and ကီၢ်စဲၣ် (kaw̱ seh̀, “state”).


ကီၢ်ဒိၣ်

ကီၢ်ဒိၣ် • (kaw̱ doh̀)

From ကီၢ် (kaw̱, “land”) + ဒိၣ် (doh̀, “big”).

compound

region, administrative subdivision of Myanmar


ပုၢ်

head

ပုၢ် • (pu̱)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖူႋ (phɯ̄), Western Pwo ဖု, Pa'o Karen ဖူး.


ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဟူး

ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဟူး • (haẁ khoh̀ hoö)

From ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် (haẁ khoh̀, “earth”) + ဟူး (hoö, “shake”).


ဃိာ်

head

ဃိာ် • (xoḥ)


ဆ့ပျိၢ်

ဆ့ပျိၢ် • (hsay ploẖ)

From ဆ့ (hsay, “upper garment”) + ပျိၢ် (ploẖ).

compound

red, traditional Karen upper garment worn by men


ဆ့မိၢ်သူ

From ဆ့ (hsay, “upper garment”) + မိၢ် (moẖ) + သူ (thoo, “black”).

black, traditional Karen upper garment worn by married women


ထံကီၢ်

head

ထံကီၢ် • (hṭee kaw̱)

From ထံ (hṭee, “water”) + ကီၢ် (kaw̱, “land”). Compare Eastern Pwo ထီ့ခါန်ႋ (thî khāɴ), Western Pwo ထံၫခး (tʰì kʰâɴ), Pa'o Karen ခမ်းထီ.


ဂ့ၢ်

head

ဂ့ၢ် • (ghay̱)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *rey ~ *s-rwi(y) (“cord, string, creeper, cane, rattan”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯေဝ်ႋ (ɣī̱), Mizo hrui, Manipuri ꯂꯤ (li).


ကဘီ

Borrowed from Mon က္ၜၚ်. Cognate with Eastern Pwo က္ၜင် (kbàɴ).


ဖၠၣ်

head

ဖၠၣ် • (hpyà)


ကၠိသရၣ်

From ကၠိ (kyoh, “school”) + သရၣ် (tha rà, “teacher”).


ကညီကျိာ်

From ကညီ (ka nyaw, “Karen”) + ကျိာ် (kloḥ, “language”).


ဒံး

From Proto-Karen *ɁdeɁᴰ (“wing”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဍာ် (dài), Pa'o Karen ဒေ့ꩻ (déʔ).


တၢ်အိၣ်ဆူၣ်အိၣ်ချ့

head

တၢ်အိၣ်ဆူၣ်အိၣ်ချ့ • (ta̱ ʼoh̀ hsoò ʼoh̀ khlay)


တၢ်စံၣ်ကျံၣ်

တၢ်စံၣ်ကျံၣ် • (ta̱ seè kleè)


ကိတိာ်

ကိတိာ် • (koh toḥ)


ဂီၢ်

ဂီၢ် • (ghaw̱)

(အ~) Used after a purposive clause to indicate that something is done for the purpose of the situation referred to by the said clause.


အရီၢ်

အရီၢ် • (ʼa raw̱)


နိးဆူၣ်

နိးဆူၣ် • (noḧ hsoò)


ထ့ၣ်

ထ့ၣ် • (hṭaỳ)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ti-k (“penis”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထှ်ေ (thí̱), Manipuri ꯇꯤ (ti).


လံၢ်

လံၢ် • (lee̱)


သကိး

tha koḧ (romanization)
သကီး (alternative)

မၤလိသကိးတၢ်

Used as a post-verbal modifier: together


တၢ်အၢၣ်လီၤ

တၢ်အၢၣ်လီၤ • (ta̱ ʼuh̀ law̄)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + အၢၣ်လီၤ (ʼuh̀ law̄, “promise”).


သထ့

Compare Mon သေထဳ, from Pali seṭṭhī (“wealthy man”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သယ်ထီ့ (θɛ̀ thî).


လိၣ်

head

လိၣ် • (loh̀)


ထူၣ်

ထူၣ် • (hṭoò)


ပိာ်မုၣ်ပိာ်မၢၤ

ပိာ်မုၣ်ပိာ်မၢၤ • (poḥ mù poḥ muh̄)


တၢ်ဖံးတၢ်မၤ

တၢ်ဖံးတၢ်မၤ • (ta̱ hpeë ta̱ mā)


ကဘီယူၤ

From ကဘီ (ka baw, “ship”) + ယူၤ (yoō, “fly”).


ကဘီယူၤပျီ

From ကဘီယူၤ (ka baw yoō, “airplane”) + ပျီ (plaw, “field”).


ဖံဖု

From ဖံ (hpee, “grandmother”) + ဖု (hpu, “grandfather”). Cognate with Western Pwo ဖံၫဖုၫ.

ယဖံယဖု


တမျာ်

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တမျာ် • (ta mlạ)

Compare with Mon ဓမၠ. Cognate with Western Pwo ထမျၬ.


ဃီ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Western Pwo ဎၫ့ (xàɴ).


ထိၣ်ဒ့ၣ်

ထိၣ်ဒ့ၣ် • (hṭoh̀ daỳ)


ဒ့မုၣ်

ဒ့မုၣ် • (day mù)


တၢ်စုၣ်တၢ်ပျၢ်

တၢ်စုၣ်တၢ်ပျၢ် • (ta̱ sù ta̱ pla̱)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + စုၣ် (sù, “poison”) + ပျၢ် (pla̱). Elaborate variant of တၢ်စုၣ် (ta̱ sù).


လံၤမုၣ်

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လံၤမုၣ် • (leē mù)

From လံၤ (leē, “grandchild”) + မုၣ် (mù, “female”).


တြဲၤ

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တြဲၤ • (treh̄)


ဆၣ်

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *dza (“eat”) (Benedict 1972). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆး (chá).


ဆၣ်

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယှး (jH3), Pa'o Karen ဆာႏ (sʰá), Western Pwo ၡၪ.


ခ့

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *d-k(e/ə)y (“tiger”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေဝ့် (khî̱), Pa'o Karen ကေ, Manipuri ꯀꯩ (kei).


တမှံၤ

From Austroasiatic, possibly Mon တၟုဲ (“guest, visitor, stranger”), which is connected with Old Javanese tamuy (“guest”) (Luce 1985). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ပ်ုမုဲ (pə mwì).


သဘျုၣ်

သဘျုၣ် • (tha blù)

Borrowed from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985); compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ml(əw) (“betel”), whence Mon ဇဗၠူ (həpluˀ, “betel”). Cognate with Bwe Karen θə́ɓu, Eastern Pwo ဖူႋလး (phɯ̄ lá), Pa'o Karen ပြူး. Shorto (2006, #1860) notes that this word is widespread in Southeast Asia. See, for example, Thai พลู (pluu).


သဘျုၣ်လၣ်

သဘျုၣ်လၣ် • (tha blù là)

From သဘျုၣ် (tha blù, “betel”) + လၣ် (là, “leaf”).


လီတာ်

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လီတာ် • (law tạ)

law tạ (romanization)
လီကတာ် (alternative)

Cognate with Bwe Karen lədá, Eastern Pwo လင့်က်ုထ (lâɴ kə th), Geba Karen လၤဓၢ်, Pa'o Karen လင်းတ. Compare with Shan လၢင်းတႃႉ (láang tâ̰a), Burmese လင်းတ (lang:ta.).


ပရၢ

From Mon ပရိုၚ်. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ပြိုင့် (prə̂ɴ).


ဒူ

Borrowed from Mon ဍုၚ်. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဍုံ (dòʊɴ), Western Pwo ဒိၩ့.


ကသံၣ်

ကသံၣ် • (ka theè)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သီး (θí), Pa'o Karen တသီႏ.


ဝဲၢ်

ဝဲၢ် • (weẖ)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဝေး.


နၣ်ရံၣ်

နၣ်ရံၣ် • (nà reè)

Borrowed from Sanskrit नाडी (nāḍī, “a measure of time”) via Burmese နာရီ (nari). Cognate with Mon နာဍဳ, Eastern Pwo နာဍီ (nà dì), Western Pwo နၩရံၩ (na: ri:), Pa'o Karen နားရီႏ.


ခီၣ်ညါသး

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ခီၣ်ညါသး • (khaẁ nyah thä)


တခိး

ta khoḧ (romanization)
သခိး (alternative)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေါဝ် (khʊ̀), Pa'o Karen တခေါ့ꩻ.


သၣ်

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သး (θá), Western Pwo ၥၪ.

fruit, used as the second component in words signifying fruits


ဘူၣ်

ဘူၣ် • (boò)


ပယီၤ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ပ်ုယင် (pə jàɴ) (or ပ်ုယာန် (pə jàɴ)).


ကစၢ်

ကစၢ် • (ka sa̱)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo က်ုဆာႋ (kə chā), Western Pwo ကဆါ.


ဖီလာ်

ဖီလာ် • (hpaw lạ)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖင့်လး (phâɴ lá).


ဖီခိၣ်

From ဖီ (hpaw) + ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head, top part”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖင့်ခေါဟ် (phâɴ khʊ́).


ဖါတံၢ်

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖါ့ထီႋ (phâ thī).


တမၣ်

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တမၣ် • (ta mà)


သရိာ်

သရိာ် • (tha roḥ)

Cognate with Burmese ဇရပ် (ja.rap), Eastern Pwo ဩုက်.


ကသူ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သိုင့် (θə̂ɴ) and Western Pwo ၥၧၫ့.


ယိး

to carry with a neckyoke, carry on the shoulders


ကစၢ်ယွၤ

ကစၢ်ယွၤ • (ka sa̱ ywā)

From ကစၢ် (ka sa̱, “lord”) + ယွၤ (ywā, “God”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo က်ုဆာႋယွာ (kə chā jwà), Western Pwo ကဆါယွၩ.


ညၣ်အုၣ်

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ညၣ်အုၣ် • (nyà ʼù)

From ညၣ် (nyà, “fish”) + အုၣ် (ʼù, “rot”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယးအူး (já ʔɯ́).


ညၣ်ကိၣ်

ညၣ်ကိၣ် • (nyà koh̀)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယးကောဟ် (já kʊ́). See also Burmese ငါးခူ (nga:hku).


နီၢ်ကစၢ်

နီၢ်ကစၢ် • (naw̱ ka sa̱)

From နီၢ် (naw̱, “body”) + ကစၢ် (ka sa̱, “master, owner”). Compare Eastern Pwo ဏင့်ဆာႋ (nâɴ chā).


မိာ်

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မိာ် • (moḥ)


မ့ၣ်ခုၣ်

မ့ၣ်ခုၣ် • (maỳ khù)

From မ့ၣ် (maỳ, “fire”) + ခုၣ် (khù, “smoke”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မှ်ေခူး (mí̱ khɯ́).


မုၢ်နံၤ

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မုၢ်နံၤ • (mu̱ neē)

From မုၢ် (mu̱, “sun”) + နံၤ (neē, “day”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မူႋဏီ (mɯ̄ nì), Pa'o Karen မွူးနီꩻ.


မိၤ

မိၤ • (moh̄)


မၤလိ

မၤလိ • (mā loh)

From မၤ (mā, “do, make”) + လိ (loh, “learn”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မာလောဟ် (mà lʊ́).


ဖံဝါ

From ဖံ (hpee, “grandmother”) + ဝါ (wah, “white”). Compare Eastern Pwo ဖီ့အွာ (phî ʔwà).


တၢ်သ့တၢ်ဘၣ်

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တၢ်သ့တၢ်ဘၣ် • (ta̱ thay ta̱ bà)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + သ့ (thay, “be skilled”) + ဘၣ် (bà, “be correct”).


ဂုာ်ကျဲးစၢး

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ဂုာ်ကျဲးစၢး • (ghụ kleḧ suḧ)

From ဂုာ် (ghụ) + ကျဲးစၢး (kleḧ suḧ, “try, make an effort”).


ခိၣ်နူာ်

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ခိၣ်နူာ် • (khoh̀ noọ)

From ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head”) + နူာ် (noọ); the latter from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rnuq (“brain”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေါဟ်နုက် (khʊ́ náʊ).


သုးက့

သုးက့ • (thü kay)

From သုး (thü, “army, military”) + က့ (kay).


ထးခိၣ်ထံ

ထးခိၣ်ထံ • (hṭä khoh̀ hṭee)

From ထးခိၣ် (hṭä khoh̀, “mouth”) + ထံ (hṭee, “water”).


သဲးသၣ်

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သဲးသၣ် • (theḧ thà)

From သဲး (theḧ, “areca palm”) + သၣ် (thà, “fruit”).


ဘိၣ်ထီၣ်

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ဘိၣ်ထီၣ် • (boh̀ hṭaẁ)

From ဘိၣ် (boh̀, “wrap”) + ထီၣ် (hṭaẁ, “ascend, go up”).


တီၢ်ပူၤ

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တီၢ်ပူၤ • (taw̱ poō)

တနံၣ်အတီၢ်ပူၤ


သုးခိၣ်ဒိၣ်

သုးခိၣ်ဒိၣ် • (thü khoh̀ doh̀)

From သုး (thü, “army”) + ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head, leader”) + ဒိၣ် (doh̀, “be big”).


ပၢၤကီၢ်ဝဲၤလီၢ်

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ပၢၤကီၢ်ဝဲၤလီၢ် • (puh̄ kaw̱ weh̄ law̱)

From ပၢၤကီၢ် (puh̄ kaw̱, “police”) + ဝဲၤလီၢ် (weh̄ law̱, “office”).


တၢ်ဂ့ၢ်ကီ

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တၢ်ဂ့ၢ်ကီ • (ta̱ ghay̱ kaw)

From တၢ်ဂ့ၢ် (ta̱ ghay̱, “matter”) + ကီ (kaw, “be difficult”).


ကလူး

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ကလူး • (ka loö)

From Mon ကလုတ် (“emissary, ambassador, messenger”).


ပှၤတၢ်ဒဲးဘးဖိ

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ပှၤတၢ်ဒဲးဘးဖိ • (phgā ta̱ deḧ bä hpoh)

From ပှၤ (phgā, “person”) + တၢ်ဒဲးဘး (ta̱ deḧ bä, “sin”) + ဖိ (hpoh, “child”).


ကီၢ်ဆၣ်

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ကီၢ်ဆၣ် • (kaw̱ hsà)

(Myanmar) township, administrative subdivision of ကီၢ်ရ့ၣ် (kaw̱ raỳ, “district”).


နီၣ်တယၢ်

နီၣ်တယၢ် • (naẁ ta ya̱)


ကရူၢ်

ကရူၢ် • (ka roo̱)

(Myanmar) village tract, fourth-level administrative subdivision.


ထံတမၢၣ်

ထံတမၢၣ် • (hṭee ta muh̀)

hṭee ta muh̀ (romanization)
ထံတမၢၢ် (alternative)


ဘၢၣ်စၢၤ

ဘၢၣ်စၢၤ • (buh̀ suh̄)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜုံဆိုင် (bòʊɴ chə̀ɴ).

(relational noun) (အ~) between (it, them)


သိၣ်မှံၤ

သိၣ်မှံၤ • (thoh̀ mhgeē)

From သိၣ် (thoh̀, “friend”) + မှံၤ (mhgeē). Compare the first component with Eastern Pwo သောဝ် (θʊ̀).


ခိၣ်ဃၢၤန့ဆၢၣ်

ခိၣ်ဃၢၤန့ဆၢၣ် • (khoh̀ xuh̄ nay hsuh̀)

From ခိၣ်ဃၢၤ (khoh̀ xuh̄, “surroundings”) + န့ဆၢၣ် (nay hsuh̀, “nature”).


ကိၣ်

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ကိၣ် • (koh̀)


လိၤ

လိၤ • (loh̄)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo လံင် (lòɴ).


သ့ၣ်ပှၢ်ဝၣ်ပှၢ်

သ့ၣ်ပှၢ်ဝၣ်ပှၢ် • (thaỳ phga̱ wà phga̱)

From သ့ၣ် (thaỳ, “tree”) + ဝၣ် (wà, “bamboo”) + ပှၢ် (phga̱).


ပှၤထူလံၤဖိ

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ပှၤထူလံၤဖိ • (phgā hṭoo leē hpoh)

From ပှၤ (phgā, “person”) + ထူလံၤ (hṭoo leē, “indigenous”) + ဖိ (hpoh, “child”).


သးစၢ်

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သးစၢ် • (thä sa̱)

From သး (thä, “heart”) + စၢ် (sa̱, “weak, young”).


ထၢလၣ်

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ထၢလၣ် • (hṭuh là)

Dipterocarpus tuberculatus
Dipterocarpus tuberculatus#Translingual

leaf of the Dipterocarpus tuberculatus tree used for thatching


ပဟံၣ်

ပဟံၣ် • (pa heè)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ပ်ုယီး (pə jí).


ကတၢၢ်

ကတၢၢ် • (ka tuẖ)


ပီၢ်ရီ

ပီၢ်ရီ • (paw̱ raw)


လီၤသံး

လီၤသံး • (law̄ theë)


ထံအီ

ထံအီ • (hṭee ʼaw)

From ထံ (hṭee, “water”) + အီ (ʼaw, “drink”).


ကွီၢ်ဘျီၣ်

ကွီၢ်ဘျီၣ် • (kwaw̱ blaẁ)


တၢ်ဂ့ၢ်

တၢ်ဂ့ၢ် • (ta̱ ghay̱)


လံာ်ညိၣ်သိၣ်ဒိၣ်

လံာ်ညိၣ်သိၣ်ဒိၣ် • (leẹ nyoh̀ thoh̀ doh̀)


လံာ်ဖး

လံာ်ဖး • (leẹ hpä)

From လံာ် (leẹ, “book, writing”) + ဖး (hpä, “read”).


တကွံသၣ်

ta kwee thà (romanization)
သကွံသၣ် (alternative)

From တကွံ (ta kwee, “banana”) + သၣ် (thà, “fruit”).


တကွံ

ta kwee (romanization)
သကွံ (alternative)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သာကုဲ (θà kwì).


တခိးသၣ်

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တခိးသၣ် • (ta khoḧ thà)

ta khoḧ thà (romanization)
သခိးသၣ် (alternative)

From တခိး (ta khoḧ, “mango”) + သၣ် (thà, “fruit”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေါဝ်သး (khʊ̀ θá).


ကမျၢၢ်

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ကမျၢၢ် • (ka mluẖ)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဂမၠိုင်ႋ (kmlə̄ɴ).


ထိၣ်ဂံာ်

ထိၣ်ဂံာ် • (hṭoh̀ gheẹ)

From ထိၣ် (hṭoh̀, “bird”) + ဂံာ် (gheẹ). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထောဟ်ၯိက် (thʊ́ ɣái).


ထိၣ်ဒီၣ်

ထိၣ်ဒီၣ် • (hṭoh̀ daẁ)

From ထိၣ် (hṭoh̀, “bird”) + ဒီၣ် (daẁ). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထောဟ်ဍင်း (thʊ́ dáɴ).


ထိၣ်ပဝံ

ထိၣ်ပဝံ • (hṭoh̀ pa wee)

From ထိၣ် (hṭoh̀, “bird”) + ပဝံ (pa wee). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထောဟ်ဝီး (thʊ́ wí).


ခုၣ်

ခုၣ် • (khù)


ဂံၢ်

ဂံၢ် • (ghee̱)

From Proto-Karen *rwiᴮ (“root”) (Luangthongkum 2019). According to Luce (1985), ဂံၢ် may have been borrowed from Austroasiatic; compare, for example, Mon ရိုဟ်. Cognate with Pa'o Karen ရွီး (rwî), Eastern Pwo ဝီႋ (wī).


ခံၣ်တံာ်

ခံၣ်တံာ် • (kheè teẹ)

Ricinus communis
Ricinus communis#Translingual


ပအူး

ပအူး • (pa ʼoö)


ဖီမုၢ်ဃါ

From ဖီ (hpaw, “flower”) + မုၢ်ဃါ (mu̱ xah, “fairy”).


ဖီသ့ၣ်ခံ

From ဖီ (hpaw, “flower”) + သ့ၣ်ခံ (thaỳ khee).


လူၢ်

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လူၢ် • (loo̱)


လံာ်ပရၢ

လံာ်ပရၢ • (leẹ pa ruh)

From လံာ် (leẹ, “book, writing”) + ပရၢ (pa ruh, “news”).


ကျါ

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *gla (“interval, space between”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ကၠာ (klà), Burmese ကြား (kra:).

inh

လၢဖိသၣ်အကျါ

လၢတၢ်ခံးကျါ

in the dark (literally, amidst the darkness)


နၢ

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m/s-nam (“smell”). Cognates include Eastern Pwo နိုင့် (nə̂ɴ), Mizo hnîm, Manipuri ꯅꯝ (nam).


နုၢ်

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နုၢ် • (nu̱)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-nəw (“breast, milk, suck”). Cognates include Eastern Pwo နူႋ (nɯ̄), Burmese နို့ (nui.), Mizo hnu.


တၢ်နုၢ်ထံ

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တၢ်နုၢ်ထံ • (ta̱ nu̱ hṭee)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + နုၢ် (nu̱, “breast”) + ထံ (hṭee, “water, liquid”).


နိာ်

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နိာ် • (noḥ)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-nwat ~ *s-nut (“mouth, vessel, womb”).


ကိာ်ပူၤ

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ကိာ်ပူၤ • (koḥ poō)

From ကိာ် (koḥ, “neck”) + ပူၤ (poō, “hole, cavity”).


ပနွဲၢ်သၣ်

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ပနွဲၢ်သၣ် • (pa nweẖ thà)

From ပနွဲၢ် (pa nweẖ, “jackfruit”) + သၣ် (thà, “fruit”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo နွဲာ (nwɛ̄) or နိုဲႋ (nwē).


ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်

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ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် • (haẁ khoh̀)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯင်းခေါဟ် (ɣáɴ khʊ́), Western Pwo ဂၪ့ခိၪ, Western Kayah ꤟꤢꤩ꤬ꤋꤢꤨ꤬ (hèhkù).

cog

Eastern Pwo ၯင်းခေါဟ် (ɣáɴ khʊ́)


တၢ်ဘူၣ်တၢ်ဘါ

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တၢ်ဘူၣ်တၢ်ဘါ • (ta̱ boò ta̱ bah)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆ်ုၜုံးဆ်ုၜါ (chə bóʊɴ chə bà), Western Pwo ဆၧဘိၪ့ဆၧဘၩ.

cog

ဆ်ုၜုံးဆ်ုၜါ

Western Pwo ဆၧဘိၪ့ဆၧဘၩ


သံး

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သံး • (theë)

Borrowed from Mon သိ (“rice beer”).
Cognate with Eastern Pwo သာ် (θài), Western Pwo ၥံၭ.


ပျုၤ

ပျုၤ • (plū)


ပီၤ

ပီၤ • (paw̄)

bamboo container, bamboo joint open at one end used as a container


ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ကပံာ်

ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ကပံာ် • (haẁ khoh̀ ka peẹ)

From ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် (haẁ khoh̀, “earth, soil”) + ကပံာ် (ka peẹ, “mud, clay”).


သူၣ်ထီၣ်

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သူၣ်ထီၣ် • (thoò hṭaẁ)

From သူၣ် (thoò, “plant”) + ထီၣ် (hṭaẁ, “go up”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သုင်းထင်း (θə́ɯɴ tháɴ).

cog

Eastern Pwo သုင်းထင်း (θə́ɯɴ tháɴ)


သအ့

tha ʼay (romanization)
တအ့ (alternative)


သဘၣ်

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သဘၣ် • (tha bà)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜး (bá), သံၜး (θQbá), Western Pwo ဘၪ.


မ့ၣ်အူ

မ့ၣ်အူ • (maỳ ʼoo)

The first syllable is from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *mey (“fire”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မှ်ေ (mí̱).

အိးထီၣ်မ့ၣ်အူ


ညၣ်ပျၤ

ညၣ်ပျၤ • (nyà plā)

/ɲa²¹ˀ.pla̤³³/


က့ၣ်ဖိ

က့ၣ်ဖိ • (kaỳ hpoh)

From က့ၣ် (kaỳ, “bend, curve”) + ဖိ (hpoh, “child”).

compound

Name of the S'gaw Karen tone represented by a small curve, as in ကၤ (kā).


အၢသံ

Name of the S'gaw Karen tone represented by ၢ်, as in ကၢ် (ka̱).


အးသံ

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အးသံ • (ʼä thee)

Name of the S'gaw Karen tone represented by ာ်, as in ကာ် (kạ).


ဖျၢၣ်ဆံး

ဖျၢၣ်ဆံး • (hpluh̀ hseë)

From ဖျၢၣ် (hpluh̀, “ball”) + ဆံး (hseë, “small”).

compound

Name of the S'gaw Karen tone represented by း, as in ကး (kä).


ဟးသံ

Name of the S'gaw Karen tone represented by ၣ်, as in ကၣ် (kà).


ဒဲၣ်

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ဒဲၣ် • (deh̀)


ဒုၣ်ဒါ

ဒုၣ်ဒါ • (dù dah)


ယွၤ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယွာ (jwà), Western Pwo ယွၩ (ywa:).


ဆှါ

From Proto-Karen *sraᴬ (“bamboo strip”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယှာ့ (jHâ), Western Pwo ၡၫ.


တၢ်ဂီၤ

တၢ်ဂီၤ • (ta̱ ghaw̄)


တၢ်တဲမုာ်နၢ်

တၢ်တဲမုာ်နၢ် • (ta̱ teh mụ na̱)


တၢ်စုဆူၣ်ခီၣ်တကး

တၢ်စုဆူၣ်ခီၣ်တကး • (ta̱ su hsoò khaẁ ta kä)


တၢ်ကမၣ်

တၢ်ကမၣ် • (ta̱ ka mà)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ကမၣ် (ka mà, “wrong”).


တၢ်ရဲၣ်တၢ်ကျဲၤ

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တၢ်ရဲၣ်တၢ်ကျဲၤ • (ta̱ reh̀ ta̱ kleh̄)


တၢ်ကူၣ်ဘၣ်ကူၣ်သ့

တၢ်ကူၣ်ဘၣ်ကူၣ်သ့ • (ta̱ koò bà koò thay)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ကူၣ်ဘၣ်ကူၣ်သ့ (koò bà koò thay).

compound

ကူၣ်ဘၣ်ကူၣ်သ့


သးစဲ

From သး (thä, “heart”) + စဲ (seh, “stick, adhere”).


တၢ်ကတိၤဒိ

head

တၢ်ကတိၤဒိ • (ta̱ ka toh̄ doh)


တၢ်ထံၣ်

တၢ်ထံၣ် • (ta̱ hṭeè)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ထံၣ် (hṭeè, “see”).


နီၣ်တၢၤ

နီၣ်တၢၤ • (naẁ tuh̄)

From နီၣ် (naẁ, “instrument”) + တၢၤ (tuh̄, “scoop up”).


တၢ်မုာ်တၢ်ခုၣ်

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တၢ်မုာ်တၢ်ခုၣ် • (ta̱ mụ ta̱ khù)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + မုာ် (mụ, “enjoyable”) + ခုၣ် (khù, “cool”).


လုၢ်လၢ်

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လုၢ်လၢ် • (lu̱ la̱)


ကဲဘျုး

ကဲဘျုး • (keh blü)


ယိၤဒိၣ်

ယိၤဒိၣ် • (yoh̄ doh̀)


ဒၢ

inh

Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ta (“box, cabinet”)


တၢ်ခိတၢ်သွဲ

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ခိ (khoh) + သွဲ (thweh).


သွဲၣ်

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သွဲၣ် • (thweh̀)


တၢ်ဃံ

တၢ်ဃံ • (ta̱ xee)

From Proto-Karen *khrwitᴰ (“bone”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m/g-rus (“bone”).


တၢ်သူၣ်ဝံၣ်သးဆၢ

တၢ်သူၣ်ဝံၣ်သးဆၢ • (ta̱ thoò weè thä hsuh)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + သူၣ်ဝံၣ်သးဆၢ (thoò weè thä hsuh).

compound

သူၣ်ဝံၣ်သးဆၢ


ကီၤလၤဝါ

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ကီၤလၤဝါ • (kaw̄ lā wah)

From ကီၤလၤ (kaw̄ lā) + ဝါ (wah, “white”).


ကုၤဃၢ်

ကုၤဃၢ် • (kū xa̱)

From ကုၤ (kū, “mushroom”) + ဃၢ် (xa̱, “germ”).


ချီၣ်

head

ချီၣ် • (khlaẁ)


ထးကျီၤစု

ထးကျီၤစု • (hṭä klaw̄ su)

From ထး (hṭä, “metal”) + ကျီၤ (klaw̄, “tie around”) + စု (su, “hand”).


မူခိၣ်

From မူ (moo, “heaven”) + ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head”). The first syllable is from Proto-Karen *m̥oʔ (“sky”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မုဂ်ခေါဟ် (màʊkhʊ́), Western Kayah ꤗꤟꤢꤪꤋꤢꤨ꤬ (mo̤ahkù).


ကါဒိၣ်

head

ကါဒိၣ် • (kah doh̀)

From ကါ (kah, “deed, work”) + ဒိၣ် (doh̀, “big”).


ဃဲာ်

head

ဃဲာ် • (xeḥ)


တံၢ်

တံၢ် • (tee̱)


ဂုာ်ဃံ

ဂုာ်ဃံ • (ghụ xee)

From ဂုာ် (ghụ, “chest”) + ဃံ (xee, “bone”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯုက်ၰုဲး (ɣáʊ xwí), Pa'o Karen ရဲꩻဆွတ်ꩻ.


ထံဂုၤကီၢ်ဂၤ

ထံဂုၤကီၢ်ဂၤ • (hṭee ghū kaw̱ ghā)

From ထံကီၢ် (hṭee kaw̱, “country”) + ဂုၤဂၤ (ghū ghā, “other”).


လံာ်မိၢ်ပှၢ်

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လံာ်မိၢ်ပှၢ် • (leẹ moẖ phga̱)


ပသံး

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သာ် (θài) in စူးသာ် (cɯ́ θài, “ring”).


တၢ်ဒဲးဘး

တၢ်ဒဲးဘး • (ta̱ deḧ bä)


ယၢ်လၣ်

ယၢ်လၣ် • (ya̱ là)


နူာ်

နူာ် • (noọ)


ယီၢ်ဒ့

ယီၢ်ဒ့ • (yaw̱ day)


ကံၣ်ဃ့

ကံၣ်ဃ့ • (keè xay)


ဖီထိၣ်ကိး

ဖီထိၣ်ကိး • (hpaw hṭoh̀ koḧ)

From ဖီ (hpaw, “flower”) + ထိၣ်ကိး (hṭoh̀ koḧ, “hornbill”).


ထိၣ်ကိး

head

ထိၣ်ကိး • (hṭoh̀ koḧ)

From ထိၣ် (hṭoh̀, “bird”) + ကိး (koḧ, “call”).


တၢ်စံၣ်စိၤတဲစိၤ

head

တၢ်စံၣ်စိၤတဲစိၤ • (ta̱ seè soh̄ teh soh̄)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + စံၣ်စိၤတဲစိၤ (seè soh̄ teh soh̄).

compound

စံၣ်စိၤတဲစိၤ


မ့ၣ်ပိၢ်

maỳ poẖ (romanization)
ဖျၢၣ် (classifier)

From မ့ၣ် (maỳ, “fire”) + ပိၢ် (poẖ, “explode”).


လ့ၣ်မ့ၣ်အူသန့

head

လ့ၣ်မ့ၣ်အူသန့ • (laỳ maỳ ʼoo tha nay)

From လ့ၣ်မ့ၣ်အူ (laỳ maỳ ʼoo, “train”) + သန့ (tha nay, “station”).


ခိၣ်ဆူၣ်

head

ခိၣ်ဆူၣ် • (khoh̀ hsoò)

From ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head”) + ဆူၣ် (hsoò, “hair”).


သၣ်မီၤကျ့ၤ

head

သၣ်မီၤကျ့ၤ • (thà maw̄ klaȳ)

From သၣ် (thà, “fruit”) + မီၤကျ့ၤ (maw̄ klaȳ, “tamarind”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မင်ခၠံင်ႋ (màɴ khlōɴ), Pa'o Karen မောင်းကြဲင်ႏ, Western Pwo မၩ့ချီၩ့. Borrowed from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985); compare Mon မၚ်ဂၠန်.

cog

မောင်းကြဲင်ႏ

Pa'o Karen မောင်းကြဲင်ႏ

Tamarindus indica
Tamarindus indica#Translingual


စကီၤ

Borrowed from Austroasiatic, connected with Burmese သခင် (sa.hkang) (Luce 1985).


ချၢၣ်

head

ချၢၣ် • (khluh̀)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠုံး (khlóʊɴ).


သတိၢ်

သတိၢ် • (tha toẖ)

Borrowed from Palaungic (Luce 1985). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထောဝ်ႋ (thʊ̄).


မရီၢ်

မရီၢ် • (ma raw̱)

Borrowed from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မ်ုလံင်ႋ (mə lōɴ).


ချိၣ်

ချိၣ် • (khloh̀)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠေါဟ် (khlʊ́).

Used as the first component in names of molluscs.


ဘၢၣ်

ဘၢၣ် • (buh̀)

Coix lacryma-jobi
Coix lacryma-jobi#Translingual