ခ

Kha, the second letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ခးကဝီၤ (khä ka waw̄) in S'gaw Karen.


ဂ

Ga, the third letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ဂးကျၢၢ်လီၤ (ghä kluẖ law̄) in S'gaw Karen.


ဃ

Gha, the fourth letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ဃးဒိၣ် (xä doh̀) in S'gaw Karen.


င

Nga, the fifth letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ငးဒူၣ်ချၢ (ngä doò khluh) in S'gaw Karen.


စ

Ca, the sixth letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called စးတဖျၢၣ် (sä ta hpluh̀) in S'gaw Karen.


ဆ

Cha, the eighth letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ဆးတဘံ (hsä ta bee) in S'gaw Karen.


ည

Nya, the ninth letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ညးညိၣ်ခီၣ် (nyä nyoh̀ khaẁ) in S'gaw Karen.


တ

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *(t/d)a (“do not”).

ယတသ့ၣ်ညါဘၣ်

not (prefixed to the verb and used together with the negative final particle ဘၣ် (bà))


ထ

Tha, the 11th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ထးတဃံာ် (hṭä ta xeẹ) in S'gaw Karen.


ဒ

Da, the 12th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ဒးတဒါ (dä ta dah) in S'gaw Karen.


န

Na, the 13th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called နးတဆံး (nä ta hseë) in S'gaw Karen.


န

Contracted form of နၤ (nā, “you (singular)”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ (“you”).


ပ

Pa, the 14th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ပးတခီ (pä ta khaw) in S'gaw Karen.


ဖ

Pha, the 15th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ဖးပဝံာ် (hpä pa weẹ) in S'gaw Karen.


ဘ

Bha, the 16th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ဘါမကူ (bah ma koo) in S'gaw Karen.


မ

Ma, the 17th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called မးဒံသါ (mä dee thah) in S'gaw Karen.


ယ

Ya, the 18th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ယာ်အီၤထီ (yạ ʼaw̄ hṭaw) in S'gaw Karen.


ယ

Verb prefix indicating the first person: I

Noun prefix indicating the first person possessive: my


သူ

Compare Eastern Pwo သိုင့် (θə̂ɴ), Western Pwo ၥၧၫ့.


သူ

တၢ်သူယသးလၢထံ

With the impersonal subject တၢ် (ta̱): thirsty


ဘူး

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜုဂ် (bàʊ), Pa'o Karen ဗော့ꩻ.


ရ

Ra, the 19th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ရးက့ၣ် (rä kaỳ) in S'gaw Karen.


လ

La, the 20th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called လးက့ၣ်ကိၣ် (lä kaỳ koh̀) in S'gaw Karen.


ဝ

Wa, the 21st letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ဝးကဝီၤ (wä ka waw̄) in S'gaw Karen.


သ

Sa, the 22nd letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called သးဒီၣ်ဃီၤ (thä daẁ xaw̄) in S'gaw Karen.


ဟ

Ha, the 23rd letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ဟၣ်က့ၢ်လီၤ (hà kay̱ law̄) in S'gaw Karen.


အ

A, the 24th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called အာ်ခံဆီ (ʼạ khee hsaw) in S'gaw Karen.


အ

Verb prefix indicating the third person: he, she, it, they

Noun prefix indicating the third person possessive: his, her, its, their


ညီ

From Proto-Karen *hɲawᴬ (“easy”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယဝ့် (jɔ̂), Western Pwo ယီၫ.


သိ

From Proto-Karen *soᴬ/ᴮ (“sheep”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen သွိုꩻ, Western Pwo ၥိၪ. Compare Burmese သိုး (sui:).


သိ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သောဟ် (θʊ́), Western Pwo ၥိၫ, Western Kayah ꤞꤢꤨ (thu).


နီ

ယတထံၣ်ဘူအီၤနီတဘျီဘၣ်.

particle used in negative clauses before a classifier phrase to express that there is not a single instance of something


ဝါ

From Proto-Karen *ʔbwaᴬ (“white”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *ʔwa³ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b/s-wa (“white; yellow; bright”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဗွာ, Western Pwo ဘွၩ, Eastern Pwo အွာ (ʔwà), Western Kayah ꤙꤢꤨ꤭ (bū).


ထီ

From Proto-Karen *thawᴬ (“long (of length), tall, high”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထဝ့် (thɔ̂), Western Pwo ထီၫ, Western Kayah ꤓꤢꤨ꤭ (htū).


ထူ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဓံင့် (thôɴ), Western Pwo ထီၫ့ (thàuɴ), Western Kayah ꤓꤢꤧ꤭ (htāe).


ဆီ

From Proto-Karen *chjaXᴬ ~ *chjaNᴬ (“chicken”), ultimately from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985). Compare Mon စာင်. Cognate with Western Kayah ꤏꤛꤢꤩ꤭ (hsyē), Eastern Kayah chā, Kayan Sû̌, Eastern Pwo ဆင့် (châɴ), Western Pwo ဆၫ့, Pa'o Karen ဆျာ, Northern Pwo ช๊าง, Geba Karen Scĭ, Bwe Karen Shih́.


ခံ

From Proto-Karen *k-hnejᴬ (“two”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kV-ni-s (“two”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏီ့ (nî), Western Kayah ꤔꤛꤢꤩ꤭ (nyē), Pa'o Karen နီ, Western Pwo နံၫ.


ခံ

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *kləj. Cognate with Western Pwo ခဲၫ့, Eastern Pwo ခါင့် (khâiɴ), Manipuri ꯊꯤ (thi).


ထံ

From Proto-Karen *thejᴬ (“water”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *thi⁴ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s (“water, fluid, wet, to soak”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ထီ, Eastern Pwo ထီ့ (thî), Western Pwo ထံၫ, Western Kayah ꤓꤛꤢꤩ꤭ (htyē).


နၢ်

From Proto-Karen *naᴮ (“ear”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/g-na (“ear; to hear, to listen”). Cognate with Western Pwo နါ, Eastern Pwo ဏာႋ (nā), Pa'o Karen နား.


လီၤ

head

လီၤ • (law̄)

From Proto-Karen *laŋᴬ (“to descend”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လင် (làɴ), Pa'o Karen လင်ꩻ (lāŋ), Western Pwo လၩ့.

Preposed marker used to express that the subject causes the reaction denoted by the following verb: cause to, invite to, -able

Postposed directional marker (~လီၤ): down

Postposed marker used in reflexive clauses.


လီၤ

လီၤ • (law̄)

ထီၣ်

antonym(s) of “directional marker, down”


လီၤ

လီၤ • (law̄)

Final particle used to end declarative sentences.


အီၣ်

အီၣ် • (ʼaẁ)

From Proto-Karen *Ɂamᴮ. Cognate with Eastern Pwo အင်း (ʔáɴ), Pa'o Karen အံႏ, Western Kayah ꤢꤩ꤬ (è), Western Pwo အၪ့.

(fire or disease) to affect (negatively), harm, destroy

Used after verbs indicating preparation of food.

Used after verbs indicating methods for catching or collecting food.

Used to express that the action denoted by the preceding verb is done for a living.


တိၤ

တိၤ • (toh̄)

ksw-noun

တိၤ • (toh̄)


နါဒ့

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-na ~ s-naːr (“nose”).


တၢ်အီၣ်

head

တၢ်အီၣ် • (ta̱ ʼaẁ)

တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + အီၣ် (ʼaẁ, “to eat”).


တၢ်

Compare Western Pwo ဆၧ, Eastern Pwo ဆ်ု (chə), Pa'o Karen ထာꩻ, Western Kayah ꤒꤟꤢꤧ꤬ (tà̤e).

တၢ်မံ

Used as a pre-verbal nominalizer to indicate an action.

တၢ်အီၣ်

Used as a pre-verbal nominalizer to indicate the object of an action.

တၢ်စူၤ

တၢ်ကိၢ်

ယသးဝံၣ်တၢ်မုာ်


အံသၣ်

head

အံသၣ် • (ʼee thà)

From Proto-Karen *saᴮ, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsa (“salt, salty, salted”). Cognate with Western Kayah ꤤ꤬ꤞꤢꤧ꤬ (ìthàe), ꤢꤩ꤬ꤞꤢꤧ꤬ (èthàe).


မါ

From Proto-Karen *hmaᴬ (“wife”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *ma⁴ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မာ့ (mâ), Pa'o Karen မာ, Western Kayah ꤗꤢꤩ꤭ (mē), Western Pwo မၫ.


မိၢ်

head

မိၢ် • (moẖ)

From Proto-Karen [Term?] (“mother”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen မွိုး, Eastern Pwo မေါဝ်ႋ (mʊ̄), Western Pwo မိ.


မိၢ်

မိၢ် • (moẖ)

ksw-adj

မိၢ် • (moẖ)


ဝၤ

From Proto-Karen *ɡwaᴬ (“husband”) (Luangthongkum, 2019). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဝါ (wà), Western Pwo ဝၩ, Pa'o Karen ဝါ, Western Kayah ꤠꤢꤧ꤬ (vàe).


ဖိခွါ

ဖိ (hpoh, “child”) + ခွါ (khwah, “male”). Compare Western Pwo ဖိၪခွၫ.


ဖိမုၣ်

head

ဖိမုၣ် • (hpoh mù)

ဖိ (hpoh, “child”) + မုၣ် (mù, “female”). Compare Western Pwo ဖိၪမုၪ.


သုးဖိ

From သုး (thü, “army”) + ဖိ (hpoh, “child”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သုဂ်ဖေါဟ် (θàʊ phʊ́).

cog

Eastern Pwo သုဂ်ဖေါဟ် (θàʊ phʊ́)


သၢ

From Proto-Karen *səmᴬ (“three”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *səm⁴ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kV-sum (“three”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen သွံ, Western Pwo ၥၧၫ့, Eastern Pwo သိုင့် (θə̂ɴ), Western Kayah ꤞꤛꤣ꤭ (thūeoe), Burmese သုံး (sum:).


တၢ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognates include Eastern Pwo လိုင့် (lə̂ɴ).


လွံၢ်

head

လွံၢ် • (lwee̱)

From Proto-Karen [Term?], from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pV-lij. Cognate with Eastern Pwo လီႋ (lī), Western Pwo လံ, Western Kayah ꤜꤝꤟꤤ꤭ (lwī̤). Compare Pa'o Karen လစ်ꩻ.


လွံၢ်

လွံၢ် • (lwee̱)

From Proto-Karen *lwiᴮ (“dove”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လုဲ့ (lwî), Pa'o Karen လွီး.


ယဲၢ်

ယဲၢ် • (yeẖ)

From Proto-Karen *ŋjap/tᴰ (“five”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-ŋaʔ (“five”). Cognate with Western Pwo ယဲ, Eastern Pwo ယာဲ (jɛ̄), Pa'o Karen ငတ်ꩻ, Western Kayah ꤑꤟꤢ꤭ (nyā̤).


ဃု

From Proto-Karen *khrowᴬ (“six”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-k-ruk (“six”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၰူ့ (xɯ̂), Western Pwo ဎူၫ, Pa'o Karen သူ.


နွံ

From Proto-Karen *ʔnwetᴰ ~ *ʔnweᴬ (“seven”) (Luangthongkum, 2019), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ni-s (“seven”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo နိုဲ့ (nwê), Pa'o Karen နွိတ်ꩻ.


ဃိး

From Proto-Karen *kh/grɔtᴰ (“eight”). Cognate with Western Pwo ဎိၭ, Pa'o Karen သွစ်ꩻ.


ခွံ

From Proto-Karen *khwiᴬ (“nine”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d/s-kəw (“nine”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခုဲႋ (khwī).


ဆံ

From Proto-Karen *chejᴬ (“ten”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ts(j)i(j) ~ tsjaj (“ten”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen [Term?], Western Kayah ꤏꤛꤢꤩ (hsye), Burmese ဆယ် (hcai), Eastern Pwo ဆီ့ (chî), Western Pwo ဆံၫ.


လၢၢ်လါဟ့

head

လၢၢ်လါဟ့ • (luẖ lah hay)


ထိး

ထိး • (hṭoḧ)

From Proto-Karen *thɔʔᴰ (“pig”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pʷak (“pig”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ထော့ꩻ, Eastern Pwo ထောဝ် (thʊ̀), Western Pwo ထိၭ, Western Kayah ꤓꤛꤢ (htya).


ထိး

ထိး • (hṭoḧ)


တၢ်မျၢ်ပလဲ

တၢ်မျၢ်ပလဲ • (ta̱ mla̱ pa leh)


မုၢ်

မုၢ် • (mu̱)

From Proto-Karen *mɨᴮ (“sun”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *my¹ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မူႋ (mɯ̄), Pa'o Karen မွူး.


မုၢ်

မုၢ် • (mu̱)


ဘီ

From Proto-Karen *pan (“spear”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဗင်.

a spear; a long pole with a sharp point on one end of it used as a weapon.


ဘီ

From Proto-Karen *ʔbaŋᴬ (“yellow”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hwaŋ (“shine; bright; yellow”). Cognate with Western Pwo ဘၩ့, Eastern Pwo ၜင် (bàɴ), Western Kayah ꤙꤛꤢ꤭ (byā).


ဂီၤ

Cognate with Pa'o Karen ရဝ်ꩻ (“morning”), Eastern Pwo ၯဝ် (ɣɔ̀), Western Pwo ဂီၩ.


ထီပး

head

ထီပး • (hṭaw pä)


ဘှ့ၣ်

ဘှ့ၣ် • (bhgaỳ)


စဲး

From Burmese စက် (cak). Cognate with Western Kayah ꤡꤢꤧ (cae), Shan ၸၢၵ်ႈ (tsāak).


ဘု

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜူး (bɯ́), Western Pwo ဘုၪ, Northern Pwo บืง, Pa'o Karen ဗူ, Western Kayah ꤙꤟꤌꤣ (bṳeoe), Kayan Baû, Geba Karen B́u, Bwe Karen Bhū. Possibly from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985), compare Danau ဗာ့ (báʔ).


ဟု

Cognate with Bwe Karen hú, Pa'o Karen ဟူ (hù). Luce (1985) suggests that ဟု may be borrowed from Austroasiatic, probably from a descendant of Proto-Austroasiatic *srɔ(ː)ʔ; compare, for example, Mon သွံ (“paddy”).


ဟံၣ်

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-jim ~ k-jum (“house; pit; womb”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯိင်း (ɣéiɴ), Western Pwo ယံၪ့ or ဂံၪ့, Western Kayah ꤟꤤ꤬ (hì), Mizo in, Manipuri ꯌꯨꯝ (yum).


လံာ်

head

လံာ် • (leẹ)

From Proto-Karen *lekᴰ (“hawk”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လိက် (lái).


လံာ်

လံာ် • (leẹ)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo လိက် (lái), Western Pwo လံၬ, Pa'o Karen လိတ်, Western Kayah ꤜꤤ꤬ (lì).


လံာ်

လံာ် • (leẹ)

to wear (around the neck), wear (a necklace)


ကျီၢ်

ကျီၢ် • (klaw̱)

Borrowed from Mon ဂၠဴ (“ox”) (Luce 1985). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠဴ.


ဒု

From Proto-Karen *ʔdəᴬ (“classifier for four-legged animals”). Cognate with Bwe Karen ɗó, Eastern Pwo ဍူ (dɯ̀), Western Pwo ဒုၩ.


လီၢ်

head

လီၢ် • (law̱)


လီၢ်

လီၢ် • (law̱)


ယူၢ်

ယူၢ် • (yoo̱)


စီၤ

စီၤ • (saw̄)

Used as the first syllable in male names.


နီၢ်

နီၢ် • (naw̱)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏင့် (nâɴ), Pa'o Karen နမ်း.


နီၢ်

နီၢ် • (naw̱)


လဲၤ

လဲၤ • (leh̄)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo လေဝ် (lì̱), Western Pwo လ့ၩ, Pa'o Karen လွေꩻ.


ပှၤ

ပှၤ • (phgā)

Cognate with Western Kayah ꤕꤚꤟꤢꤧ꤬ (prà̤e). Luce (1985) lists ပှၤ as a pure Karen word whose origin cannot be traced outside of the Karen languages.


ပှၤ

ပှၤ • (phgā)


မံ

From Proto-Karen *hmejᴬ (“lie down, sleep”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rV-mi(k) (“to sleep; to dream”). Cognate with Western Pwo မံၫ, Eastern Pwo မီ့ (mî), Western Kayah ꤥ꤬ꤗꤛꤢꤩ (òmye).


မံ

From Proto-Karen *ʔminᴬ (“ripe, cooked”), from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-min (“ripe, cooked, delicious”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မိင့် (mêiɴ), Pa'o Karen မဉ် (mìn), Burmese မှည့် (hmany.).


ပိာ်ခွါ

head

ပိာ်ခွါ • (poḥ khwah)


ပိာ်ခွါ

ပိာ်ခွါ • (poḥ khwah)

male, masculine (applied to human beings)


ပိာ်မုၣ်

ပိာ်မုၣ် • (poḥ mù)


ပိာ်မုၣ်

ပိာ်မုၣ် • (poḥ mù)

female, feminine (applied to human beings)


ဖိသၣ်ပိာ်ခွါ

ဖိသၣ်ပိာ်ခွါ • (hpoh thà poḥ khwah)

ဖိသၣ် (hpoh thà, “child”) + ပိာ်ခွါ (poḥ khwah, “man”).


ဖိသၣ်ပိာ်မုၣ်

head

ဖိသၣ်ပိာ်မုၣ် • (hpoh thà poḥ mù)

ဖိသၣ် (hpoh thà, “child”) + ပိာ်မုၣ် (poḥ mù, “woman”).


ကသ့ၣ်

head

ကသ့ၣ် • (ka thaỳ)

From Proto-Karen *k-sreᵀ (“horse”). Cognate with Western Pwo ကၥ့ၪ or ၥ့ၪ, Western Kayah ꤒꤢ꤬ꤞꤤ (tàthi), Pa'o Karen သေ (se). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ʔseh (“horse”) and Danau ထေ (tʰè).


ကသ့ၣ်ဖါ

ကသ့ၣ် (ka thaỳ, “horse”) + ဖါ (hpah, “male”).


ကသ့ၣ်မိၢ်

head

ကသ့ၣ်မိၢ် • (ka thaỳ moẖ)

ကသ့ၣ် (ka thaỳ, “horse”) + မိၢ် (moẖ, “female”).


ဒ့

a navel, an umbilicus; the round mark on a person's stomach where the umbilical cord was attached when they were a baby.


ဒ့ပူၤ

head

ဒ့ပူၤ • (day poō)


ဒ့ပျံၤ

ဒ့ပျံၤ • (day pleē)


ခါ

Generic classifier; classifier for abstract nouns.


ဧ

The 25th letter of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ဧၣ်ကတၢၢ် (ahh̀ ka tuẖ) in S'gaw Karen.


ၡ

Sha (ၡ) is the ninth of the 26 letters of the S'gaw Karen alphabet, called ၡးခွ့မဲၢ် (shä khway meẖ) in S'gaw Karen.


ကူ

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-gywa(n/t) (“wear, put on, clothe”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ကံင် (kòɴ), Western Kayah ꤊꤢꤦ꤭ (kūe), Rawang gwa.

inh

to put on, to clothe (lower part of body)


သံ

From Proto-Karen *sejᴬ (“dead, to die”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *si⁴ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sij (“to die”).
Cognates
* Eastern Pwo သီ့ (θî)
* Pa'o Karen သီ
* Western Kayah ꤞꤛꤢꤩ꤭ (thyē)
* Drung shi
* Rawang shì
* Manipuri ꯁꯤ (si)


ဘၣ်

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜး (bá), Western Pwo ဘၪ, Pa'o Karen ဗာႏ.

come into contact with, encounter, face, contract (a disease)

post-clausal modal verb: can, be able to


ဘၣ်

ယတသ့ၣ်ညါဘၣ်

Sentence-final negative particle used together with the negative prefix တ (ta), which precedes the verb.


အဲၣ်

head

အဲၣ် • (ʼeh̀)


ဖီ

From Proto-Karen *phɔᴬ (“flower”). Cognate with Western Pwo ဖီၫ, Eastern Pwo ဖဝ့် (phɔ̂), Western Kayah ꤖꤥ꤭ (hpō).


ဖီ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖံင့် (phôɴ), Western Pwo ဖီၫ့.


မဲ

a tooth; one of the small white parts in your mouth used for biting and chewing.


ပနၢ်

ပနၢ် • (pa na̱)

From Proto-Karen *p/b-naᴮ (“buffalo”). Cognate with Bwe Karen bəne, Eastern Pwo ပၞာႋ (pnā), Pa'o Karen ပနား, Western Pwo ပနါ. Luce (1985) notes a connection with Palaungic; compare Proto-Palaungic *mənaːʔ(Appendix:Proto-Palaungic reconstructions), whence Danau ပနာအ် (pənàʔ), မနာအ် (mənàʔ).


ဆွဲၣ်

ဆွဲၣ် • (hsweh̀)

From Proto-Karen *chwɛᴮ (“crab”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-k(j)aːj (“crab”). Cognate with Western Kayah ꤏꤝꤥ꤬ (hswò), Western Pwo ဆွ့ၪ.


ထွံၣ်

From Proto-Karen *thwiᴮ (“dog”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *thwi² (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n (“dog”).
Cognates
* Eastern Pwo ထုဲး (thwí)
* Pa'o Karen ထွီႏ
* Western Kayah ꤓꤝꤤ꤬ (htwì)
* Western Pwo ထွံၪ
* Burmese ခွေး (hkwe:)
* Galo ikìi
* Manipuri ꯍꯨꯏ (huʼi)
* Tibetan ཁྱི (khyi)


ပဒဲ

From Proto-Karen *p-ˀdɛᴬ (“rabbit”) (Luangthongkum 2019), cognate with Western Pwo ပဒဲၩ, ultimately borrowed from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985); compare, for example, Mon ဗတဲာ.


ထိၣ်

ထိၣ် • (hṭoh̀)

From Proto-Karen *thoᴮ (“bird”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *daw (“bird”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထောဟ် (thʊ́), Western Kayah ꤓꤢꤨ꤬ (htù), Western Pwo ထိၪ, Garo do·-.


ထိၣ်

ထိၣ် • (hṭoh̀)

to thrust; to dig the holes for paddy seeds in a paddy field with a rod.


ခီၣ်

ခီၣ် • (khaẁ)

From Proto-Karen *khaŋᴮ (“leg”). (Luangthongkum, 2019) Cognate with Pa'o Karen ခင်, Eastern Pwo ခင်း (kháɴ), Western Pwo ခၪ့.


ထီၣ်

ထီၣ် • (hṭaẁ)

From Proto-Karen *thaŋᴮ (“to ascend”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tVŋ (“to rise; to raise”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထင်း (tháɴ), Pa'o Karen ထင်ႏ.


ထီၣ်

head

ထီၣ် • (hṭaẁ)


ဘျါ

From Proto-Karen *plaᴬ/ᴮ (“bat”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖၠး (phlá).


ကွဲ

From Proto-Karen *kwatᴰ (“bee (Apis cerana)”).


ကနဲ

From Proto-Karen *k-hneᴬ (“bee (Apis dorsata)”).


ခွံၣ်

head

ခွံၣ် • (khweè)

From Proto-Karen *kwiᴮ (“chameleon; lizard”).


သမၣ်

သမၣ် • (tha mà)

tha mà (romanization)
တမၣ် (alternative)

From Proto-Karen *s-hmaᴮ (“crocodile”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သၟး.


ကျံ

From Proto-Karen *kliᴬ ~ *kliˀᴰ (“flea”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-lij ~ *s-ləj (“flea”).


ဒ့ၣ်

head

ဒ့ၣ် • (daỳ)

From Proto-Karen *ˀdeᴮ (“frog”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဍေဟ် (dí̱), Pa'o Karen ဒေႏ, Western Kayah ꤘꤤ꤬ (dì), Western Pwo ဒ့ၪ.


ဒွဲၣ်

ဒွဲၣ် • (dweh̀)

From Proto-Karen *ˀdwɛᴮ (“grasshopper”).


ဖျၢ

From Proto-Karen *phrɨNᴬ (“bee; wasp; hornet”). Cognate with Western Kayah ꤕꤜꤢꤦ꤭ (plūe, “bee”).


သူး

head

သူး • (thoö)

From Proto-Karen *s-waˀᴰ (“land leech”).


တလံၤ

တလံၤ • (ta leē)

ta leē (romanization)
သလံၤ (alternative Northern)

From Proto-Karen *k/s-lejᴬ (“water leech”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mV-lit (“leech”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လီ (lì), Mizo hlît.


သလံၤ

tha leē (romanization)
တလံၤ (alternative Southern)

From Proto-Karen *k/s-lejᴬ (“water leech”).


ဃၢ်

From Proto-Karen *ɡraᴮ (“louse; insect”).


သူၣ်

သူၣ် • (thoò)

From Proto-Karen *swɨXᴮ ~ *swɨNᴮ (“head louse”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s(j)ar (“head louse”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သုင်း (θə́ɯɴ).


သူၣ်

head

သူၣ် • (thoò)

From Proto-Karen *swɨnᴮ (“liver”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-sin (“liver; bitter; bile”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သုင်း (θə́ɯɴ), Western Kayah ꤞꤣ꤭ (thōe), Pa'o Karen သွုန်ႏ.


သူၣ်

head

သူၣ် • (thoò)


သူၣ်

သူၣ် • (thoò)


လၢၣ်

လၢၣ် • (luh̀)


ယုၢ်

ယုၢ် • (yu̱)

From Proto-Karen *jowᴮ (“mouse; rat”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-jəw-n ~ bwəj (“rat; rabbit; hare”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယူႋ (jɯ̄), Western Pwo ယူ, Pa'o Karen ယူး. Compare Western Kayah ꤐꤟꤌꤣ (zṳeoe).


ယုၢ်

head

ယုၢ် • (yu̱)


ကံၣ်

ကံၣ် • (keè)


ပှာ်

ပှာ် • (phgạ)

From Proto-Karen *braˀᴰ (“peacock”). Luce (1959) proposes a connection with Mon မြာ် (pəràik). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယှး (jH3).


ပှာ်

ပှာ် • (phgạ)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယှ (jH), Western Pwo ၡၬ.

a net; a circular net which is cast using a throwing action used to catch fish.

lead; a soft heavy metal used in making batteries.


အ့ၣ်

အ့ၣ် • (ʼaỳ)

From Proto-Karen *ʔeᴮ (“dung; excrement”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo အှ်ေ (ʔí̱). Luce (1985) suggests a connection with Austroasiatic; compare, for example, Mon အိက်.


အ့ၣ်

အ့ၣ် • (ʼaỳ)

Cognate with Pa'o Karen အဲင်ႏ (ʔɛ́ŋ), Eastern Pwo အာင်း (ʔáiɴ).


မ့ၣ်

မ့ၣ် • (maỳ)

From Proto-Karen *hmeᴮ (“fire”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *me² (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *məj (“fire”).
Cognates
* Bwe Karen mɪ
* Eastern Pwo မှ်ေ (mí̱)
* Pa'o Karen မေႏ
* Western Kayah ꤗꤤ꤬ (mì)
* Western Pwo မ့ၪ
* Galo əmə̀


မ့ၣ်

မ့ၣ် • (maỳ)

From Proto-Karen *hmejᴮ (“nail”) (Luangthongkum, 2019). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မီး (mí).


ဝၣ်

From Proto-Karen *hwaᴮ (“bamboo”), from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *r/g/s-pʷa (“bamboo”). Cognates include Eastern Pwo ဝး (wá), Pa'o Karen ဝါႏ, Western Kayah ꤠꤟꤢꤧ꤬ (và̤e), Western Pwo ဝၪ (wa), Burmese ဝါး (wa:), Manipuri ꯋꯥ (wā), Mizo rua.


ဘီၣ်

ဘီၣ် • (baẁ)

From Proto-Karen *ˀbaŋᴮ (“bamboo shoot”), from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985), compare Proto-Palaungic *ɓaŋ (Appendix:Proto-Palaungic reconstructions), Mon က္ၜၚ်. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜင်း (báɴ), Western Pwo ဝၪဘၪ့.


ဘီၣ်

ဘီၣ် • (baẁ)

From Proto-Karen *Ɂbluŋᴮ (“fat”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜံင်း (bóɴ), Pa'o Karen ပြွောင်ႏ.


နံၣ်

နံၣ် • (neè)

From Proto-Karen *hneŋᴮ (“year”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *nin² (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ni(ŋ~k). Cognate with Pa'o Karen နေင်ႏ, Western Pwo နံၪ့, Eastern Pwo ဏိင်း (néiɴ). Compare Western Kayah ꤔꤢ꤬ (nà).


နံၣ်

နံၣ် • (neè)


ညၣ်

From Proto-Karen *ˀɲ/hɲaᴮ (“flesh; meat”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယး (já), Western Pwo ယၪ, Pa'o Karen ယာႏ.


လါ

From Proto-Karen *ʔlaᴬ (“moon, month”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *la⁴ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sr-la (“moon; month”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen လာ, Western Pwo လၩ, Eastern Pwo လာ (là), Western Kayah ꤜꤢꤧ꤭ (lāe), Burmese လ (la.).


ဘှိး

head

ဘှိး • (bhgoḧ)


ဒံၣ်

ဒံၣ် • (deè)

From Proto-Karen *ʔdejᴮ (“egg”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *di² (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d(w)əj. Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဒီႏ, Eastern Pwo ဍီး (dí).


ဃံ

From Proto-Karen *khrwitᴰ (“bone”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *xwi⁴ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဆွတ်, Eastern Pwo ၰုဲး (xwí), Western Pwo ဎွံၪ, Western Kayah ꤊꤚꤝꤤ (krwi), Burmese ရိုး (rui:), Mizo ruh.


ကိာ်

ကိာ် • (koḥ)

neck; the part of the body connecting the head to the shoulders.


စု

Cognate with Pa'o Karen စူ, Eastern Pwo စူး (cɯ́), Western Pwo စူၪ.

a hand; the part of the body below the wrist to which your fingers are attached.


ပျ့ၤ

ပျ့ၤ • (plaȳ)

From Proto-Karen *bleᴬ (“tongue”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *phle³ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-laj ~ s-lej (“tongue”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖၠေဝ် (phlì̱), Pa'o Karen ဖြေ, Mizo lei, Manipuri ꯂꯩ (lei).


မဲာ်

head

မဲာ် • (meḥ)

From Proto-Karen *mɛʔᴰ (“eye, face”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *mɛʔ¹ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-mjak ~ s-mik (“eye”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen မဲ့, Western Pwo မ့ၬ, Eastern Pwo မေံ (mèQ). Compare Western Kayah ꤗꤢꤧ꤬ꤞꤢꤧ꤬ (màethàe).


ဂုၢ်

head

ဂုၢ် • (ghu̱)

From Proto-Karen *rowᴮ (“snake”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *ɣy¹ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ရူး, Eastern Pwo ဝူႋ (wɯ̄), Western Pwo ဂူ, Western Kayah ꤚꤟꤢꤨ (rṳ), Mizo rûl.


လၢၢ်

လၢၢ် • (luẖ)

From Proto-Karen *loŋᴮ (“stone, rock”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *loŋ¹ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-lu(ŋ/k) (“stone”).
Cognates
* Eastern Pwo လုံႋ (lōʊɴ)
* Pa'o Karen လုံး
* Western Kayah ꤜꤟꤢꤪ (lo̤a)
* Eastern Kayah lɔ̀
* Drung lung
* Rawang lóng
* Manipuri ꯅꯨꯡ (nung)


ဆံၣ်

ဆံၣ် • (hseè)

From Proto-Karen *chjaNᴮ (“sour”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-kjuːr ~ *s-kjwaːr (“sour; to be acid”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဆျာႏ, Western Kayah ꤏꤛꤢꤩ꤬ (hsyè).


ဆံၣ်

head

ဆံၣ် • (hseè)


စီးကပ့ၤ

စီးကပ့ၤ • (saẅ ka paȳ)


ကလ့ၢ်

ကလ့ၢ် • (ka lay̱)

From Proto-Karen *k-leᴮ (“kidney”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ɡ-la (“spleen; kidney”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လေဝ်ႋ (lī̱).


သိမိၢ်

head

သိမိၢ် • (thoh moẖ)

သိ (thoh, “sheep”) + မိၢ် (moẖ, “female”).


ကုၢ်

head

ကုၢ် • (ku̱)


ကုၢ်

ကုၢ် • (ku̱)


တၢ်ဒိးတၢ်လၣ်

တၢ်ဒိးတၢ်လၣ် • (ta̱ doḧ ta̱ là)


ဖံး

ဖံး • (hpeë)

From Proto-Karen *pheɁᴰ (“bark (n.), leather, skin”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖါ် (phài).


ကလံၤ

head

ကလံၤ • (ka leē)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *qV-lij (“wind”). Cognates include Pa'o Karen တလီꩻ, Eastern Pwo လီ (lì), Western Pwo လံၩ, Burmese လေ (le), Mizo thli.


လၣ်

From Proto-Karen *hlaᴮ (“leaf”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-la (“leaf; tea; flat thing”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လး (lá), Western Pwo လၪ, Western Kayah ꤜꤢꤧ꤬ (làe).


သ့ၣ်လၣ်

head

သ့ၣ်လၣ် • (thaỳ là)

သ့ၣ် (thaỳ, “tree”) + လၣ် (là, “leaf”). Compare Eastern Pwo သိင်းလး (θéiɴ lá), Western Pwo ၥံၪ့လၪ, Western Kayah ꤞꤢꤪ꤬ꤜꤢꤧ꤬ (thòalàe).


သ့ၣ်

သ့ၣ် • (thaỳ)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *si(ŋ/k) (“wood, firewood, tree”).
Cognates
* Eastern Pwo သိင်း (θéiɴ)
* Pa'o Karen သေင်ႏ
* Western Kayah ꤞꤢꤪ꤬ (thòa)
* Western Pwo ၥံၪ့
* Drung shing
* Rawang shǿng
* Tibetan ཤིང (shing)


သီ

From Proto-Karen *saNᴬ (“new”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သင့် (θâɴ).


ခၣ်

From Proto-Karen *kaᴮ (“chin; jaw”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခး (khá), Western Pwo ခၪ, Western Kayah ꤋꤢꤧ꤬ (hkàe), Pa'o Karen ကာႏ.

a chin; the part of the face that is under the mouth.

(lower) jaw; the bone around the mouth that holds the teeth.


ခၣ်

From Proto-Karen *khaᴮ (“bitter”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kaʔ (“bitter”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခး (khá), Western Pwo ခၪ, Western Kayah ꤋꤢꤧ꤬ (hkàe).


ပၢၤ

head

ပၢၤ • (puh̄)

From Proto-Karen *bəŋᴬ (“pot”). Cognate with Western Pwo ဖျိၪ, Western Kayah ꤕꤟꤢꤪ꤬ (pò̤a).


သပၢၤ

tha puh̄ (romanization)
ပၢၤ (alternative)


ဃ့ၢ်

ဃ့ၢ် • (xay̱)


ဂ့ၤ

ဂ့ၤ • (ghaȳ)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯေဝ် (ɣì̱), Western Pwo ဂ့ၩ (ɣɪ́).


ထံတမၢၢ်

ထံတမၢၢ် • (hṭee ta muẖ)

hṭee ta muẖ (romanization)
ထံတမၢၣ် (alternative)


နၤ

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ (“you”). Compare Pa'o Karen နာꩻ, Western Kayah ꤔꤟꤢꤧ꤬ (nà̤e).


နၤ

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏာ (nà).


ထး

From Proto-Karen *thaɁᴰ, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hljak (“iron, iron instrument”). Cognate with Western Pwo ထၭ, Eastern Pwo ထာ (thà). Compare Western Kayah ꤒꤟꤢꤪꤓꤢꤧ (to̤ahtae).


နံၤ

From Proto-Karen *nejᴬ, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ku-ni(k) (“sun; day”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏီ (nì), Western Pwo နံၩ, Pa'o Karen နီꩻ (ni). Compare Western Kayah ꤗꤟꤢꤪꤑꤢꤩ꤭ (mo̤anyē).


ဘျ့

From Proto-Karen *pleᴬ. Compare Yamphu फेलेले (phelele, “slippery”).


တနၢ်

head

တနၢ် • (ta na̱)

Cognate with Bwe Karen dənɛ, Western Pwo နါဒံၩ့.


လ့ၣ်

လ့ၣ် • (laỳ)


လ့ၣ်

လ့ၣ် • (laỳ)

From Proto-Karen *hlajᴮ (“to lick”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s/g-ljak (“to lick; tongue”).


တၢၢ်

head

တၢၢ် • (tuẖ)

From Proto-Karen *dəŋᴮ (“ant”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထုင်ႋ (thə̄ɯɴ), Pa'o Karen ထွိုင်း (tʰə̂ŋ), Western Kayah ꤒꤟꤢꤪ (to̤a).


ခူၣ်

ခူၣ် • (khoò)

From Proto-Karen *khuᴮ (“to dig”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *khun² (“idem”) (Burling, 1969). Compare Eastern Pwo ခုင်း (khə́ɯɴ), Pa'o Karen ခူး.


စ့

Cognate with Eastern Pwo စေဝ် (cì̱), Western Pwo စ့ၩ. Luce (1985) suggests a connection with Austroasiatic (whence Pa'o ရွဉ် (rə̀n)); compare, for example, Mon သြန် (sɔn). Luangthongkum (2019) does not consider the S'gaw and Pa'o forms connected.


သွံၣ်

သွံၣ် • (thweè)

ksw-noun

သွံၣ် • (thweè)

From Proto-Karen *swiᴮ (“blood”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *swiʔ (“blood”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သုဲး (θwí), Pa'o Karen သွီႏ, Western Pwo ၥွံၪ, Western Kayah ꤞꤝꤤ꤬ (thwì).


ကယၤ

head

ကယၤ • (ka yā)

From Proto-Karen *g-rjaᴬ (“hundred”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pV-rja(k) (“hundred”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo က်ုယာ (kə jà), Pa'o Karen ရျာꩻ (rya), Burmese ရာ (ra).


မဲၢ်

မဲၢ် • (meẖ)

ksw-noun

မဲၢ် • (meẖ)

From Proto-Karen *meᴮ (“tail”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lməj (“tail; penis”). Compare Western Kayah ꤋꤢ꤭ꤗꤟꤤ (hkāmi̤), Eastern Pwo မေဝ်ႋ (mī̱), Western Pwo မ့, Pa'o Karen မေး, Manipuri ꯃꯩ (mei).


လံ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Compare Pa'o Karen လဲဉ်း.

နက့ၤတုၤလၢဟံၣ်လံဧါ.

Used at the end of a sentence to indicate the beginning of a new situation.


တၢ်အဲၣ်တၢ်ကွံ

head

တၢ်အဲၣ်တၢ်ကွံ • (ta̱ ʼeh̀ ta̱ kwee)

ksw-noun

တၢ်အဲၣ်တၢ်ကွံ • (ta̱ ʼeh̀ ta̱ kwee)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆ်ုအဲဆ်ုကုဲ (chə ʔɛ́ chə kwì), Western Pwo ဆၧအဲၪဆၧကွံၩ.

cog

Western Pwo ဆၧအဲၪဆၧကွံၩ


တၢ်အဲၣ်

head

တၢ်အဲၣ် • (ta̱ ʼeh̀)

ksw-noun

တၢ်အဲၣ် • (ta̱ ʼeh̀)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + အဲၣ် (ʼeh̀, “love”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆ်ုအဲ (chə ʔɛ́), Western Pwo ဆၧအဲၪ.


တၢ်အိၣ်မူ

head

တၢ်အိၣ်မူ • (ta̱ ʼoh̀ moo)

ksw-noun

တၢ်အိၣ်မူ • (ta̱ ʼoh̀ moo)


အဲၣ်တၢ်ကွံတၢ်

head

အဲၣ်တၢ်ကွံတၢ် • (ʼeh̀ ta̱ kwee ta̱)


သကွံ

tha kwee (romanization)
တကွံ (alternative)


ဖိ

Cognate with Western Pwo ဖိၪ, Eastern Pwo ဖောဟ် (phʊ́).

ထွံၣ်ဖိ

Used to refer to the babies of an animal.

သုးဖိ

ပှၤကီၢ်ပယီၤဖိ

A marker used to form an agent noun or to denote a person characterised by the preceding noun.

ချံဖိ

A diminutive marker suffixed to nouns or adjectives, for example:


ဟီ

Cognate with Western Pwo ဂၫ့, Eastern Pwo ၯင့် (ɣâɴ).


သ့ၣ်ညါ

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sjəj (“to know”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သှ်ေယာ့ (θí̱ jâ), Western Pwo ၥ့ၪယၫ, Western Kayah ꤞꤢꤧꤑꤢꤩ꤭ (thaenyē).


ကဆီ

From Proto-Karen *k-chaŋᴬ (“elephant”). Cognate with Western Pwo ကဆၫ့, Eastern Pwo က်ုဆင့် (kə châɴ), Western Kayah ꤒꤢ꤬ꤏꤛꤢ꤭ (tàhsyā). Compare Danau ကစဲဉ် (kəsɛ̀ɴ).


ချံး

ချံး • (khleë)

From Proto-Karen *kliʔᴰ (“turtle; tortoise”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-lip (“turtle; tortoise”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠါ် (khlài), Western Pwo ချံၭ, Western Kayah ꤒꤢ꤬ꤊꤜꤤ (tàkli), Pa'o Karen ကြေ့ꩻ.


ခိၣ်

head

ခိၣ် • (khoh̀)

From Proto-Karen *khuᴮ (“head”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေါဟ် (khʊ́), Western Pwo ခိၪ (kʰò).

a head; the part of the body containing the brain, eyes and mouth.


ခိၣ်

ခိၣ် • (khoh̀)


ဆါ

From Proto-Karen *chaᴬ (“ill, painful, sick”), from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *tsə (“hot; fever; hurt; ill; hungry”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆာ့ (châ), Western Pwo ဆၫ, Burmese ဆာ (hca).


ဆါ

From Proto-Karen *caᴬ (“sell”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆာ့ (châ), Western Pwo ဆၫ, Pa'o Karen စာ (cà).


ခိၣ်ဆါ

ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head”) + ဆါ (hsah, “pain”).


စီၤကပ့ၤ

head

စီၤကပ့ၤ • (saw̄ ka paȳ)


ကွဲၢ်မိၢ်ဘီ

ကွဲၢ်မိၢ်ဘီ • (kweẖ moẖ baw)

/kwɛ̀lɛ̀bɔ́/


ကွဲၢ်လဲၢ်ဘီ

ကွဲၢ်လဲၢ်ဘီ • (kweẖ leẖ baw)


ခီၣ်ဖၠူထၢၣ်

ခီၣ်ဖၠူထၢၣ် • (khaẁ hpyoo hṭuh̀)


စုပှီၢ်လီၤအလီၢ်

စုပှီၢ်လီၤအလီၢ် • (su phgaw̱ law̄ ʼa law̱)


နီၣ်ဆီၣ်ခံ

နီၣ်ဆီၣ်ခံ • (naẁ hsaẁ khee)


ကီး

Compare Mon လ္ကံ. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ကောဝ် (kʊ̀).


ကီၢ်စံၣ်

ကီၢ်စံၣ် • (kaw̱ seè)

China (a country in Asia; capital: Beijing)


အ့ၡၢၣ်

အ့ၡၢၣ် • (ʼay shuh̀)

Asia (the largest continent, located between Europe and the Pacific Ocean)


ကလုၢ်ဒၢ

ကလုၢ်ဒၢ • (ka lu̱ duh)


ကီၢ်ပယီၤ

ကီၢ်ပယီၤ • (kaw̱ pa yaw̄)


ခံပူၤ

From ခံ (khee, “rear, buttocks”) + ပူၤ (poō, “hole”). The first component is from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *kləj. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခင့်ဖိုင် (khâɴ phə̀ɴ).

compound

(anatomy) anus; the opening on your bottom where faeces comes out when you go to the toilet.


ဝ့ၤ

From Proto-Karen *s-waˀᴰ (“land leech”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rV-pat.


လါကပီၤ

လါ (lah, “moon”) + ကပီၤ (ka paw̄, “light”).


ကျီး

head

ကျီး • (klaẅ)

Compare Mon ကၠံ. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ကၠေါဝ် (klʊ̀).


ကျီး

ကျီး • (klaẅ)


ပျၢ်

ပျၢ် • (pla̱)

From Proto-Karen *blaᴮ (“arrow”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mV-la(k). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖၠာႋ (phlā), Pa'o Karen ပြာႏ, Burmese မြား (mra:), Newar बला (balā).

an arrow; a pointed stick that is fired from a bow.


ပျၢ်

ပျၢ် • (pla̱)

From Proto-Karen *blaᴮ (“wash (the face)”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖၠာႋ (phlā), Pa'o Karen ဖြွား.

to forgive; to stop being angry with someone for something they have done wrong.


တၢ်ပၢၢ်ဆၢ

တၢ်ပၢၢ်ဆၢ • (ta̱ puẖ hsuh)


သုးပၢတၢ်ကရူၢ်

သုးပၢတၢ်ကရူၢ် • (thü puh ta̱ ka roo̱)


သုးမီၤစိရိၤ

သုးမီၤစိရိၤ • (thü maw̄ soh roh̄)


တၢ်ဟံးဆူၣ်ကီၢ်တၢ်စိကမီၤ

တၢ်ဟံးဆူၣ်ကီၢ်တၢ်စိကမီၤ • (ta̱ heë hsoò kaw̱ ta̱ soh ka maw̄)

ta̱ heë hsoò kaw̱ ta̱ soh ka maw̄ (romanization)

en-တၢ်ဟံးဆူၣ်ကီၢ်တၢ်စိကမီၤ-ksw-noun-d1tw~dOZ


ကီၢ်ပဒိၣ်

ကီၢ်ပဒိၣ် • (kaw̱ pa doh̀)


ဒံၣ်မိၣ်ခြ့ၣ်စံၣ်

ဒံၣ်မိၣ်ခြ့ၣ်စံၣ် • (deè moh̀ khraỳ seè)


ပှၤဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဖိ

ပှၤဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဖိ • (phgā haẁ khoh̀ hpoh)

From ပှၤ (phgā, “person”) + ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် (haẁ khoh̀, “earth”) + ဖိ (hpoh, “child”).


ဆိ

လဲၤဆိ

Used as a post-verbal modifier: first, before, in advance


သီမုၢ်

head

သီမုၢ် • (thaw mu̱)


နီၣ်ကီၤစဲၣ်

နီၣ်ကီၤစဲၣ် • (naẁ kaw̄ seh̀)


အဂီၤ

အဂီၤ • (ʼa ghaw̄)


အလါအဲး

အလါအဲး • (ʼa lah ʼeḧ)


အဝါဃး

အဝါဃး • (ʼa wah xä)


ဂီၤလုးစၢ်

ဂီၤလုးစၢ် • (ghaw̄ lü sa̱)


အဂီၤလုး

အဂီၤလုး • (ʼa ghaw̄ lü)


အလွဲၢ်ဃး

အလွဲၢ်ဃး • (ʼa lweẖ xä)


စူၢ်ဝံၣ်သၣ်လွဲၢ်

စူၢ်ဝံၣ်သၣ်လွဲၢ် • (soo̱ weè thà lweẖ)


ဂီၤစၢ်

ဂီၤစၢ် • (ghaw̄ sa̱)


ကဲ

post-clausal auxiliary: be able to (have the physical or mental strength to do something)


သရၣ်မုၣ်သိၣ်လိတၢ်

သရၣ်မုၣ်သိၣ်လိတၢ် • (tha rà mù thoh̀ loh ta̱)

/θa̰jàmùθòlótà/


သရၣ်သိၣ်လိတၢ်

သရၣ်သိၣ်လိတၢ် • (tha rà thoh̀ loh ta̱)

/θa̰jàθòlótà/


ကသံၣ်သရၣ်

ကသံၣ်သရၣ် • (ka theè tha rà)

/ka̰θìθa̰jà/


ပှၤဖိတၢ်အခိၣ်

ပှၤဖိတၢ်အခိၣ် • (phgā hpoh ta̱ ʼa khoh̀)

/pʰápʰɔ̀tàʔəkʰò/


ပှၤမၤပံာ်မ့ၣ်

ပှၤမၤပံာ်မ့ၣ် • (phgā mā peẹ maỳ)


ဖျၢၣ်ထူ

ဖျၢၣ်ထူ • (hpluh̀ hṭoo)

/pʰa̰lɛ̀tʰú/


မးအိသၣ်

မးအိသၣ် • (mä ʼoh thà)


ၡူ

လၢတၢ်ဆါတၢ်ပှ့ၤတၢ်မၤန့ၣ် ပမ့ၢ်တကူၣ်သ့ကူၣ်ဘၣ်လၢတၢ်ဂံၢ်တၢ်ဒွးဘၣ်ဒီး ပကၡူလီၤႉ

luh ta̱ hsah ta̱ phgaȳ ta̱ mā naỳ pa may̱ ta koò thay koò bà luh ta̱ ghee̱ ta̱ dwä bà daẅ pa ka shoo law̄ .

We will lose in doing trading if we are not good at calculation.


ပတ့ၤချဲး

ပတ့ၤချဲး • (pa taȳ khleḧ)


kahkui.

ရမျာင်

( Ka Kho) is the first of the 38 Karia alphabets used in the Myaing Gyi Ngu area of Kayin State.


kahkui.

ရမျာင်


ဆီဒံၣ်

ဆီဒံၣ် • (hsaw deè)

ဆီ (hsaw, “chicken”) + ဒံၣ် (deè, “egg”).


ဒံၣ်ချံ

head

ဒံၣ်ချံ • (deè khlee)


ဒံၣ်သၣ်

ဒံၣ်သၣ် • (deè thà)


ဂီၤလၢအဂ့ၤ

ဂီၤလၢအဂ့ၤ • (ghaw̄ luh ʼa ghaȳ)

/wɔ̀lɛ́ʔa̰ɡè/


တံၤသကိး

တံၤသကိး • (teē tha koḧ)


အိၣ်ဆူၣ်

အိၣ်ဆူၣ် • (ʼoh̀ hsoò)

သုအိၣ်ဆူၣ်စ့ၢ်ကီးဧါႉ


ထံၣ်လိာ်သး

ထံၣ်လိာ်သး • (hṭeè loḥ thä)

တထံၣ်ဘၣ်လိာ်သးယံာ်လံႉ


နီၣ်ထီၣ်

နီၣ်ထီၣ် • (naẁ hṭaẁ)

နီၣ်ထီၣ်ဘၣ်ယဲသုႉ


အိၣ်ဆူၣ်အိၣ်ချ့

အိၣ်ဆူၣ်အိၣ်ချ့ • (ʼoh̀ hsoò ʼoh̀ khlay)

/ʔòsʰṵʔòkʰa̰lé/


တၢ်ဘျုးလီၤ

တၢ်ဘျုးလီၤ • (ta̱ blü law̄)

ယစံးဘျုးနၤဒိၣ်မးႉ

နဘျုးအိၣ်လၢယဖီခိၣ်အါးမးလီၤႉ

na blü ʼoh̀ luh ya hpaw khoh̀ ʼaḧ mä law̄ .

နဘၣ်စံးဘျုးအီၤႉ

ပဘၣ်စံးဘျုးအီၤႉ


မိၢ်ပၢ်

မိၢ်ပၢ် • (moẖ pa̱)

မိၢ်ပၢ်အဘျုးန့ၣ်ဒိၣ်ကတၢၢ်လီၤႉ

သးပ့ၤနီၣ်မိၢ်ပၢ်အဘျုးတဂ့ၤႉ

Do not forget the kindness of your parents.


ပနီကျဲသၣ်

/pa̰nɔ́ka̰lɛ́θà/

From ပနီကျဲ (pa naw kleh, “lime”) + သၣ် (thà, “fruit”).


တၤသၣ်ဃ့ၣ်

head

တၤသၣ်ဃ့ၣ် • (tā thà xaỳ)


တၢ်အထံ

တၢ်အထံ • (ta̱ ʼa hṭee)

တၢ်သူတၢ်သၣ်အထံ

တၢ်သူတၢ်သၣ်အထံ#S'gaw_Karen

alternative form of တၢ်သူတၢ်သၣ်အထံ (ta̱ thoo ta̱ thà ʼa hṭee)


တၢ်သူတၢ်သၣ်အထံ

တၢ်သူတၢ်သၣ်အထံ • (ta̱ thoo ta̱ thà ʼa hṭee)

/tàθútàθàʔa̰tʰí/


အံသၣ်ဆၢ

အံသၣ်ဆၢ • (ʼee thà hsuh)


အၣ်လူဆဲးသိ

အၣ်လူဆဲးသိ • (ʼà loo hseḧ thoh)

/ʔàlúsʰɛ̰θó/


အၣ်လူ

အၣ်လူ • (ʼà loo)


ခၠီကလဲး

/t͡ɕʰɔ̰ka̰lɛʔ/

Borrowed from Burmese ချောကလက် (hkyau:ka.lak).


တၢ်နုၢ်ထံလီၤသကၤ

တၢ်နုၢ်ထံလီၤသကၤ • (ta̱ nu̱ hṭee law̄ tha kā)

/tànùtʰílɔ́θa̰kà/


တၢ်ဆၢကိၢ်လိၢ်

တၢ်ဆၢကိၢ်လိၢ် • (ta̱ hsuh koẖ loẖ)

/tàsʰɛ́kòlò/


သံမိၢ်ပီၤ

သံမိၢ်ပီၤ • (thee moẖ paw̄)


ချိၣ်သဝံးခံ

/kʰa̰lòθa̰wḭkʰí/


ထိးကလဲာ်

ထိးကလဲာ် • (hṭoḧ ka leḥ)


ဖျၤ

ဖျၤ • (hplā)


သၣ်ဝံၤ

သၣ်ဝံၤ • (thà weē)


တၢ်ခံး

တၢ်ခံး • (ta̱ kheë)


မဲာ်ညါ

မဲာ်ညါ • (meḥ nyah)

From မဲာ် (meḥ, “eye, face”) + ညါ (nyah, “front”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မေံယာ့ (mèQjâ).


ဃဲၤ

head

ဃဲၤ • (xeh̄)


ဘိၣ်

ဘိၣ် • (boh̀)


အပှဲၤ

အပှဲၤ • (ʼa phgeh̄)


တၢ်အၢၣ်

တၢ်အၢၣ် • (ta̱ ʼuh̀)

တၢ်အၢၣ်တလိၣ်


တၢၢ်ကွဲၤ

တၢၢ်ကွဲၤ • (tuẖ kweh̄)


မုၣ်ကမဲ

မုၣ်ကမဲ • (mù ka meh)

From မုၣ် (mù, “female”) + ကမဲ (ka meh, “be widowed”).

compound

a widow: a woman who has lost her husband and has no husband.


သးပှၢ်

head

သးပှၢ် • (thä phga̱)

From သး (thä, “heart”) + ပှၢ် (phga̱, “old”). Cognate with Western Pwo ၥၭၡါ.


သးပှၢ်

သးပှၢ် • (thä phga̱)


မာ်ဖိ

မာ်ဖိ • (mạ hpoh)


ဒဲၣ်မုၣ်

ဒဲၣ်မုၣ် • (deh̀ mù)

a daughter-in-law; a daughter by marriage.


ဝဲၢ်ပှၢ်

ဝဲၢ်ပှၢ် • (weẖ phga̱)


ဘူးတံၢ်

ဘူးတံၢ် • (boö tee̱)

a relative; a person connected by birth or marriage.


ဒီၡဲၣ်ဒိၣ်

ဒီၡဲၣ်ဒိၣ် • (daw sheh̀ doh̀)


ဒီဒိၣ်

ဒီဒိၣ် • (daw doh̀)

the relationship existing between the parents of a man and that of his wife.


ဖိဒိၣ်ခွါ

a nephew; the son of your brother or sister.


ဖိဒိၣ်မုၣ်

ဖိဒိၣ်မုၣ် • (hpoh doh̀ mù)

a niece; the daughter of your brother or sister.


ခိုၣ်ဃံ

ခိုၣ်ဃံ • (khoh ù xee)


ခိၣ်သူ

From ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head”) + သူ (thoo, “hair”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေါဟ်သူ့ (khʊ́ θɯ̂). According to Luce (1985), the second syllable, သူ, is borrowed from Austroasiatic; compare Mon သော် (sok). Luangthongkum (2019) reconstructs Proto-Karen *khuᴮsluᴬ (“hair (head~)”), positing a connection with Pa'o ကလူꩻ (kəlū) and Western Kayah ꤋꤢꤨ꤬ꤜꤟꤌꤣ꤬ (hkùlṳ̀eoe).

compound

hair; the hair that grows on the top of your head.


ခိၣ်တိသၣ်

head

ခိၣ်တိသၣ် • (khoh̀ toh thà)

the forehead, the brow; the part of the head above the eyes and below the hair-line.


မဲာ်တူၢ်

မဲာ်တူၢ် • (meḥ too̱)


မဲာ်ချံ

မဲာ်ချံ • (meḥ khlee)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo မေံခၠီ့ (mèQkhlî).


ဘိးပၤ

ဘိးပၤ • (boḧ pā)


ကိာ်ယူၤ

ကိာ်ယူၤ • (koḥ yoō)

throat; the tube inside your neck that takes food, water and air inside the body.


ထးခိၣ်

ထးခိၣ် • (hṭä khoh̀)


ဖ့ဘၣ်ခိၣ်

ဖ့ဘၣ်ခိၣ် • (hpay bà khoh̀)


တံာ်လာ်

တံာ်လာ် • (teẹ lạ)

an armpit; the space underneath your arm at the shoulder joint.


စုဒုၣ်

စုဒုၣ် • (su dù)

a forearm; the part of your body between the elbow and the hand.


စုမုၢ်

စုမုၢ် • (su mu̱)


စုမ့ၣ်

စုမ့ၣ် • (su maỳ)

a claw; one of the hard sharp toe-nails that some animals and birds have on their feet.

a finger-nail; the hard part that protects the end of your fingers.


သးနါပှၢ်

သးနါပှၢ် • (thä nah phga̱)

the chest; the front of the body between the neck and the waist.


ကဖု

the stomach; the part of the body that holds your food after you have eaten it.


ခီဒုၣ်

ခီဒုၣ် • (khaw dù)

a calf; the back part of the leg between the knee and the ankle.


ခီၣ်လ့ၣ်ခိၣ်

ခီၣ်လ့ၣ်ခိၣ် • (khaẁ laỳ khoh̀)

a knee; the joint that joins the upper and lower leg together.


ခီတစၢၤ

/kʰɔ̀ta̰sɛ̀/


ခီၣ်ညါသၣ်

ခီၣ်ညါသၣ် • (khaẁ nyah thà)

khaẁ nyah thà (romanization)
ခီၣ်ညါသး (alternative)


ခီၣ်နၢၤခံ

ခီၣ်နၢၤခံ • (khaẁ nuh̄ khee)


အသးအိ

အသးအိ • (ʼa thä ʼoh)


အသး

အသး • (ʼa thä)

From အ (ʼa, “his, her, its, their”) + သး (thä, “heart, soul, self”).

compound

Used in reflexive clauses: himself, herself, itself, themselves


အသူၣ်

head

အသူၣ် • (ʼa thoò)


အပွံး

အပွံး • (ʼa pweë)


အကလ့ၤ

အကလ့ၤ • (ʼa ka laȳ)


ဒၢလီၢ်

ဒၢလီၢ် • (duh law̱)

a uterus, a womb; the part of a female animal's body where the fertilized egg grows into a baby.


ကွါ

an axe; a tool for chopping wood or trees.


ချံၣ်

ချံၣ် • (khleè)

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tV-lij (“bow, slingshot”). Cognate with Burmese လေး (le:) and Eastern Pwo ခၠီး (khlí).


ချံၣ်

head

ချံၣ် • (khleè)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠိင်း (khléiɴ).


ထု

a snare, a trap; a device made for catching an animal.


ဘီဖျး

a back-hoe, a mattock; a tool for digging the soil.


နီၣ်ဘျုး

နီၣ်ဘျုး • (naẁ blü)

a sling, a catapult; a weapon used to fire small stones.


ဘီခိၣ်စု

a harpoon; used for catching whales and other large sea creatures.


တ့ၤခီၣ်

တ့ၤခီၣ် • (taȳ khaẁ)


မၢ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo မိုင့် (mə̂ɴ).

to send; to make someone or something go somewhere.

to ask; to speak in order to find out about or to get something.

to command; to order someone to do something.


နီၣ်ပုာ်

နီၣ်ပုာ် • (naẁ pụ)


ချံၣ်နီပုာ်

ချံၣ်နီပုာ် • (khleè naw pụ)


က့ၣ်လီၤ

က့ၣ်လီၤ • (kaỳ law̄)


မၤက့ၣ်

မၤက့ၣ် • (mā kaỳ)


က့ၣ်

က့ၣ် • (kaỳ)


ဖၣ်ကပူၤ

ဖၣ်ကပူၤ • (hpà ka poō)

a fireplace; the place where a fire is lit inside the house.


သ့ၣ်မုၢ်

သ့ၣ်မုၢ် • (thaỳ mu̱)

firewood; small pieces of wood collected or cut to be burnt on a fire.


ကစၢၢ်

ကစၢၢ် • (ka suẖ)


တၢ်လူၢ်

တၢ်လူၢ် • (ta̱ loo̱)


တၢ်ခိၣ်စိး

တၢ်ခိၣ်စိး • (ta̱ khoh̀ soḧ)


ဆီၣ်

ဆီၣ် • (hsaẁ)


နာ်

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဍင်ဏး (dàɴ ná), Western Pwo ဒၩ့နၬ.


နာ်

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏယ် (nɛ̀), Western Pwo နဲၩ.


တၢ်ကတိၤ

တၢ်ကတိၤ • (ta̱ ka toh̄)


ဖီး

ဖီး • (hpaẅ)


ကနၣ်

ကနၣ် • (ka nà)

a blade, the cutting edge of a knife, axe, etc.


ကနၣ်

ကနၣ် • (ka nà)


နၢ်ဟူ

နၢ်ဟူ • (na̱ hoo)

From နၢ် (na̱, “ear”) + ဟူ (hoo). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏာႋၯိုင့် (nā ɣə̂ɴ).

cog

Eastern Pwo ဏာႋၯိုင့် (nā ɣə̂ɴ)


နုာ်

From Proto-Karen *n( )Ɂᴰ (“enter”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo နုက် (náʊ), Pa'o Karen နွို့ꩻ.


ဟဲ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯယ့် (ɣɛ̂), Western Pwo ဂဲၫ (ɣài), Western Kayah ꤟꤛꤢ꤭ (hyā).


ဟဲ

From Proto-Karen *hatᴰ (“chili pepper, pungent”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯဲ (ɣɛ́), Western Pwo ဂဲၪ (ɣài).


သဝီ

tha waw (romanization)
ဖျၢၣ် (classifier)

Borrowed from Mon တွာန်. Compare Eastern Pwo တွာန့် (twâɴ).


မ့ၤ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo မေဝ် (mì̱), Western Pwo မ့ၩ.


ကိၢ်

head

ကိၢ် • (koẖ)

From Proto-Karen *goᴮ (“sunlight, hot”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေါဝ်ႋ (khʊ̄), Western Pwo ခိ.


ဟ့ၣ်

ဟ့ၣ် • (haỳ)


အီ

From Proto-Karen *ʔɔᴬ (“drink”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo အဝ် (ʔɔ̀), Western Pwo အီၩ. Compare Pa'o အွꩻ.


က့ၤ

Cognate with Bwe Karen ge, Western Kayah ꤊꤟꤢ꤬ (kà̤).

postverbal directional marker (~က့ၤ): back, in the opposite direction

postverbal adverbial marker (~က့ၤ): again, re-


ဆံး

ဆံး • (hseë)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆာ် (chài), Western Pwo ဆံၭ.


ဒိၣ်

ဒိၣ် • (doh̀)

From Proto-Karen *ʔdoᴮ (“big, large”). Cognate with Western Pwo ဒိၪ, Eastern Pwo ဍောဟ် (dʊ́).


ကွဲး

ကွဲး • (kweḧ)


စံးဆၢ

From စံး (seë, “say”) + ဆၢ (hsuh, “respond”). Cognate with Western Pwo စံၭဆၧၫ့.


ချံ

From Proto-Karen *klejᴬ (“boat”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠီ့ (khlî), Pa'o Karen ဖြီ (phrì), Western Pwo ချံၫ.


ချံ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠီ့ (khlî), Pa'o Karen ခြွီ (khrwì).


ပျံၤ

ပျံၤ • (pleē)

Cognate with Bwe Karen bli, Eastern Pwo ဖၠီ (phlì), Pa'o Karen ဖြွီꩻ. Luce (1985) lists ပျံၤ as a pure Karen word whose origin cannot be traced outside of the Karen languages.


ပျံၤ

ပျံၤ • (pleē)


မံၤ

From Proto-Karen *minᴬ (“name”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မိင် (mèiɴ), Western Pwo မံၩ့, Pa'o Karen မဉ်ꩻ, Western Kayah ꤗꤝꤟꤤ꤬ (mwì̤).


မံၤ

တၢ်တမံၤအံၤ


မံၤ

From Proto-Karen *miᴬ (“wild”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မိင် (mèiɴ), Western Kayah ꤗꤟꤤ꤬ (mì̤).


ထိးမံၤ

ထိးမံၤ • (hṭoḧ meē)

From ထိး (hṭoḧ, “pig”) + မံၤ (meē, “wild”).


ကံၢ်မဲ

ကံၢ်မဲ • (kee̱ meh)


မဲးမုၢ်ခိၣ်

မဲးမုၢ်ခိၣ် • (meḧ mu̱ khoh̀)


မုၢ်ဂၢ်

မုၢ်ဂၢ် • (mu̱ gha̱)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo မောဝ်ႋၯာႋ (mʊ̄ ɣā).

cog

Eastern Pwo မောဝ်ႋၯာႋ (mʊ̄ ɣā)


ဆူၣ်

head

ဆူၣ် • (hsoò)

From Proto-Karen *chuNᴮ (“feather, fur, body hair”), from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *(t)su-ŋ (“hair, mane, beard”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆံင်း (chóɴ), Pa'o Karen ဆွဉ်ႏ.


ဆူၣ်

head

ဆူၣ် • (hsoò)

Used as the second component in verb compounds to indicate that something is done by force.

တဲတၢ်ဆူၣ်

Used after a clause to indicate that something is done energetically or a lot.


တၢ်ဆါဟံၣ်

တၢ်ဆါဟံၣ် • (ta̱ hsah heè)

From တၢ်ဆါ (ta̱ hsah, “sickness”) + ဟံၣ် (heè, “house”).


နၢၤ

head

နၢၤ • (nuh̄)

From Proto-Karen *noŋᴬ (“horn”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo နုံ (nòʊɴ).


နၢၤ

နၢၤ • (nuh̄)


နၢ်ပၢၢ်

နၢ်ပၢၢ် • (na̱ puẖ)


နၢ်က့ၣ်

နၢ်က့ၣ် • (na̱ kaỳ)

From နၢ် (na̱, “ear”) + က့ၣ် (kaỳ, “crooked”).


ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဂီၤ

head

ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဂီၤ • (haẁ khoh̀ ghaw̄)

From ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် (haẁ khoh̀, “earth”) + ဂီၤ (ghaw̄, “picture”).


ဖး

descriptive verb
descriptive verb#English

Used before monosyllabic descriptive verbs as an intensifier.


ဖး

Compare Burmese ဖတ် (hpat), Western Pwo ဖီ.


မဲာ်ထံကလၤ

head

မဲာ်ထံကလၤ • (meḥ hṭee ka lā)


အိၣ်ခိး

အိၣ်ခိး • (ʼoh̀ khoḧ)

From အိၣ် (ʼoh̀, “stay”) + ခိး (khoḧ, “wait”). Cognate with Western Pwo အီၪခိၭ.


သၣ်မံယီၤ

head

သၣ်မံယီၤ • (thà mee yaw̄)

thà mee yaw̄ (romanization)
သၣ်မံညီၤ (alternative)


လီၢ်မံ

လီၢ်မံ • (law̱ mee)

From လီၢ် (law̱, “place”) + မံ (mee, “sleep”).


သးခု

From သး (thä, “heart”) + ခု (khu, “elated”).


ဃံလၤ

head

ဃံလၤ • (xee lā)


ဂၤ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Western Pwo ဂၩ, Eastern Pwo ၯာ (ɣà).


သဒီၣ်

သဒီၣ် • (tha daẁ)


ပှ့ၤ

ပှ့ၤ • (phgaȳ)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-rey (“buy, barter”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၰိုဲ (xwè), Western Pwo ဎွ့ၩ, Pa'o Karen ဖြေꩻ.


ပှ့ၤ

head

ပှ့ၤ • (phgaȳ)


နၢ်လိၤ

နၢ်လိၤ • (na̱ loh̄)

From နၢ် (na̱, “ear”) + လိၤ (loh̄, “straight”).


ခါဆူညါ

From ခါ (khah, “time”) + ဆူ (hsoo, “to”) + ညါ (nyah, “front”).


သိလ့ၣ်

head

သိလ့ၣ် • (thoh laỳ)

From သိ (thoh, “oil”) + လ့ၣ် (laỳ, “cart”).


ဝ့ၢ်

ဝ့ၢ် • (way̱)


တၢ်ဆီတလဲ

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ဆီတလဲ (hsaw ta leh, “change”).


တလါ

Borrowed from Mon ကလာ. Cognate with Eastern Pwo တၠာ့ (tlâ).


ပဲတြီ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ပါင်တြင့် (pàiɴ trâɴ).

bor

Mon ပါၚ် တရၚ်


သီခါ

Ultimately from Sanskrit सङ्घ (saṅgha). Cognate with Western Pwo ၥၫ့ခၫ.


ဝ့ၢ်တကူၣ်

head

ဝ့ၢ်တကူၣ် • (way̱ ta koò)

From ဝ့ၢ် (way̱, “city”) + တကူၣ် (ta koò).Cognate with Mon ဍုၚ်လ္ဂုၚ်, Eastern Pwo ဍုံလ္ဂုင်ႋ (dòʊɴ lkə̄ɯɴ), Western Pwo ဝံးတခိၩ့ (wei' tă khoun:).

cog

Mon ဍုၚ်လ္ဂုၚ်

Eastern Pwo ဍုံလ္ဂုင်ႋ (dòʊɴ lkə̄ɯɴ)


ကမံးတံာ်

head

ကမံးတံာ် • (ka meë teẹ)


ဝ့ၢ်ဘီကီး

ဝ့ၢ်ဘီကီး • (way̱ baw kaẅ)

From ဝ့ၢ် (way̱, “city”) + ဘီကီး (baw kaẅ, “Bangkok”).


ဆီညၣ်

From ဆီ (hsaw, “chicken”) + ညၣ် (nyà, “meat”).


တိၢ်

head

တိၢ် • (toẖ)


တိၢ်

တိၢ် • (toẖ)


ပသၢဝါ

From ပသၢ (pa thuh, “onion”) + ဝါ (wah, “white”).


ဘူးဒး

head

ဘူးဒး • (boö dä)


ကညီကီၢ်စဲၣ်

ကညီကီၢ်စဲၣ် • (ka nyaw kaw̱ seh̀)

From ကညီ (ka nyaw, “Karen”) + ကီၢ်စဲၣ် (kaw̱ seh̀, “state”).


ဧါ

နအိၣ်ဆူၣ်အိၣ်ချ့ဧါ.

How are you? (Literally, are you healthy?)

နအီၣ်မ့ၤဝံၤလံဧါ.

Final interrogative particle, forming yes/no questions.


ပျုၢ်

head

ပျုၢ် • (plu̱)


ခ့ယုၢ်

ခ့ယုၢ် • (khay yu̱)


ထွံၣ်ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်

ထွံၣ်ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် • (hṭweè haẁ khoh̀)

From ထွံၣ် (hṭweè, “dog”) + ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် (haẁ khoh̀, “earth”).


ဘၣ်ဆၣ်

head

ဘၣ်ဆၣ် • (bà hsà)


ထံဘျါ

From ထံ (hṭee, “water”) + ဘျါ (blah, “bland”).


ဃိၣ်လိာ်ကျိ

head

ဃိၣ်လိာ်ကျိ • (xoh̀ loḥ kloh)


ထးနါ

ထးနါ • (hṭä nah)


နိၣ်

နိၣ် • (noh̀)


ပီၣ်လဲၣ်

ပီၣ်လဲၣ် • (paẁ leh̀)


သးပ့ၤနီၣ်

သးပ့ၤနီၣ် • (thä paȳ naẁ)


ကြၢး

ကြၢး • (kruḧ)


ကြၢး

ကြၢး • (kruḧ)


လီၢ်လံၤ

လီၢ်လံၤ • (law̱ leē)


စံာ်

စံာ် • (seẹ)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆိက် (chái).


သး

From Proto-Karen *saʔᴰ (“heart”). Cognate with Western Pwo ၥၭ, Eastern Pwo သာ (θà), Pa'o Karen သꩻ.

inh

Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m-sak (“breath(e), life”)

တဘၣ်ထိၣ်သတြီၤနသးဒီးပှၤအဂၤနီတဘျီတဂ့ၤ

ta bà hṭoh̀ tha traw̄na thädaẅ phgā ʼa ghā naw ta blaw ta ghaȳ

ပဲတြီအိးထီၣ်ဃာ်အသး

Used to make a non-agentive verb out of an agentive verb, similar to an anticausative marker.


ခဲၣ်

head

ခဲၣ် • (kheh̀)


ဘီၣ်သိၣ်

ဘီၣ်သိၣ် • (baẁ thoh̀)


တီၣ်

တီၣ် • (taẁ)


ဆ့ၣ်နီၤ

ဆ့ၣ်နီၤ • (hsaỳ naw̄)

/tʃʰe⁵².nɔ̤²¹/

/tʃʰe²¹.nɔ̤³³/

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆီ့ဏင် (chî nàɴ).


မၢကဲကုၢ်

မၢကဲကုၢ် • (muh keh ku̱)

From မၢ (muh, “order”) + ကဲ (keh, “become”) + ကုၢ် (ku̱, “slave”).


မၤသံ

From မၤ (mā, “make”) + သံ (thee, “die”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မာသီ့ (mà θî).


မၤ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo မာ (mà), Pa'o Karen မာꩻ.

ယကမၤပျံၤအီၤ

I will frighten him. (Literally, I will make him fear).

မၤဘၣ်စီၣ်အီၤတစဲး

(transitive, in causative verb compounds) to cause (someone or something to enter a state indicated by the following verb)


ခံး

head

ခံး • (kheë)

From Proto-Karen *khiɁᴰ (“dark, late evening”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခါ် (khài), Pa'o Karen ခေ့ꩻ.

inh

တၢ်ခံး


ဘိ

From Proto-Karen *ɁbɔNᴬ (“classifier for long objects”).

Classifier for elongated, one-dimensional objects.


ခီ

ထိးအခီၣ်အိၣ်လွံၢ်ခီ.

Classifier for sides or parts of a pair or set.


ခီ

From Proto-Karen *khaNᴬ (“cross (v.)”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခင့် (khâɴ).


ကၠိ

Borrowed from Burmese ကျောင်း (kyaung:). Compare Eastern Pwo ကျံင်ႋ (kjōɴ), Pa'o Karen ကျောင်ꩻ.


ဖျၢၣ်

head

ဖျၢၣ် • (hpluh̀)

From Proto-Karen *phloŋᴮ (“classifier for round objects”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖၠုံး (phlóʊɴ), Western Pwo ဖျိၪ့, Pa'o Karen ဖြုံႏ.

inh

Classifier for round, three-dimensional objects.


မ့ၢ်

head

မ့ၢ် • (may̱)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo မွာဲ (mwɛ̄), Western Pwo မွဲ, Pa'o Karen မွေး.

မ့ၢ်နဖိခွါအိၣ်ဒံးတဂၤဂၤဧါ.

may̱na hpoh khwah ʼoh̀ deë ta ghā ghā ahh ah .

Pre-clausal modal verb indicating a polar question: is it (the case) that?


မၤစၢၤ

မၤစၢၤ • (mā suh̄)

From မၤ (mā, “do”) + စၢၤ (suh̄). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မာဆိုင် (mà chə̀ɴ).


အိၣ်

အိၣ် • (ʼoh̀)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo အှ် (ʔɔ́), Pa'o Karen အဝ်ႏ, Western Kayah ꤥ꤬ (ò).


ပူၤ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖိုင် (phə̀ɴ).


န့ၢ်

န့ၢ် • (nay̱)

From Proto-Karen *neᴮ (“obtain, receive, take, get”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏေဝ်ႋ (nī̱), Western Pwo န့, Pa'o Karen နေး (nê), Western Kayah ꤔꤟꤤ (ni̤).

inh

နဖးန့ၢ်ယၤလံာ်သ့ဧါ.

(post-verbal marker) Used to introduce a beneficiary.

ယမၤလိကညီကျိာ်န့ၢ်တနံၣ်လံ.

(perfect marker) Used after a clause to express that something has been going on continuously until the present time, usually followed by a phrase specifying the duration.

ယကွၢ်နၤတန့ၢ်ဧါ.

(post-clausal auxiliary) Used after a clause to express that the subject manages to or is permitted to perform an action.


န့ၢ်

head

န့ၢ် • (nay̱)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Compare Eastern Pwo ဏါင်း (náiɴ).

စီၤစ့ဒိၣ်တၢ်ဂ့ၤန့ၢ်ဒံးအပါလီၤ.

saw̄ say doh̀ ta̱ ghaȳnay̱deë ʼa pah law̄ .

Saw Say is more handsome than his father.

comparative degree
comparative degree#English

(postverbal marker) used to indicate comparative degree; often used together with ဒံး (deë)


ဆဲး

ဆဲး • (hseḧ)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆေဝ် (chì̱).


ဆဲး

ဆဲး • (hseḧ)


လၢ

ပကလဲၤလၢဘီကီး.

ပကလဲၤလၢလ့ၣ်မ့ၣ်အူ.


လၢ

Introduces a relative clause: which, who

complement clause
complement clause#English


စူၤ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆိုင် (chə̀ɴ), Western Pwo ဆၧၩ့.

တၢ်စူၤ


မၤနၢၤ

မၤနၢၤ • (mā nuh̄)

From မၤ (mā, “do”) + နၢၤ (nuh̄, “win”). Compare Eastern Pwo နိုင် (nə̀ɴ).


ဆိကမိၣ်

hsoh ka moh̀ (romanization)
ဆိမိၣ် (alternative)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆံင့်မံင်း (chôɴ móɴ).


မဲာ်ထံ

မဲာ်ထံ • (meḥ hṭee)

From မဲာ် (meḥ, “eye”) + ထံ (hṭee, “water”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မေံထီ့ (mèQthî).


ကီၢ်

ကီၢ် • (kaw̱)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခါန်ႋ (khāɴ), Pa'o Karen ခမ်း, Western Pwo ခး (kʰâɴ).


နီၣ်

နီၣ် • (naẁ)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဏင်း (náɴ).


နီၣ်

နီၣ် • (naẁ)

Used as the first component in nominal compounds indicating an instrument.


နီၣ်

နီၣ် • (naẁ)

ယနီၣ်ကါသ့.


တၢ်မၤ

တၢ်မၤ • (ta̱ mā)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + မၤ (mā, “do”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆ်ုမာ (chə mà).


ဘျီ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜၠင် (blàɴ), Western Pwo ဘျၩ့.


ကွၢ်

ကွၢ် • (kwa̱)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခွါႋ (khwā), Western Pwo ခွါ.

အီၣ်ကွၢ်ကသူအံၤ.

Postverbal marker indicating that an action is performed by way of trial.


ပိာ်

ပိာ် • (poḥ)

ဟဲပိာ်ယခံ.

သးဝံၣ်ပိာ်ယခံ.


ပိာ်

ပိာ် • (poḥ)


သ့

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သှ်ေ (θí̱), Western Pwo ၁့ၪ.

ယပီၢ်ထံသ့လီၤ.

Auxiliary used after a clause to express that the subject has the skill, ability, or permission to perform an action.


ကွံာ်

ကွံာ် • (kweẹ)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခွိက် (khwái), Western Pwo ခွံၬ.

သုးကွံာ်စဘှဲတဖျၢၣ်အံၤ.

Post-verbal marker expressing disappearance or disposal (~ကွံာ်): away


ကိး

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ကိုဝ် (kò), Western Pwo ကိၭ (koʔ).


ဆှုၣ်

ဆှုၣ် • (hshgù)


တၢ်ဃုထၢ

တၢ်ဃုထၢ • (ta̱ xu hṭuh)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ဃုထၢ (xu hṭuh, “choose”).


ဖု

သုးတဖု

Classifier for groups of people and flocks of animals.


စးထီၣ်

head

စးထီၣ် • (sä hṭaẁ)

From စး (sä, “start”) + ထီၣ် (hṭaẁ, “ascend”). Compare Burmese စ (ca.). Cognate with Western Pwo စၭထၪ့.


ဖီအီၣ်

head

ဖီအီၣ် • (hpaw ʼaẁ)

From ဖီ (hpaw, “cook”) + အီၣ် (ʼaẁ, “eat”).


တဲပျံၤ

တဲပျံၤ • (teh pleē)

From တဲ (teh, “tell”) + ပျံၤ (pleē, “fear”).


တီၤဖုၣ်ကၠိ

တီၤဖုၣ်ကၠိ • (taw̄ hpù kyoh)

From တီၤ (taw̄, “grade”) + ဖုၣ် (hpù, “low”) + ကၠိ (kyoh, “school”).


ဖုၣ်

head

ဖုၣ် • (hpù)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖိုဟ် (phɨ́), Western Pwo ဖၨၪ.


ပၠး

Used as a post-verbal modifier in verb compounds to indicate that something is done by way of demonstration.


တဲပၠး

တဲပၠး • (teh pyä)

From တဲ (teh, “tell”) + ပၠး (pyä, “show”).


သ့ၣ်ပှၢ်

သ့ၣ်ပှၢ် • (thaỳ phga̱)

From သ့ၣ် (thaỳ, “tree”) + ပှၢ် (phga̱).


ကယါကီၢ်စဲၣ်

ကယါကီၢ်စဲၣ် • (ka yah kaw̱ seh̀)

From ကယါ (ka yah, “Kayah”) + ကီၢ်စဲၣ် (kaw̱ seh̀, “state”).


ကီၢ်စဲၣ်

head

ကီၢ်စဲၣ် • (kaw̱ seh̀)

a state, administrative subdivision of Myanmar


မိၣ်ကီၢ်စဲၣ်

မိၣ်ကီၢ်စဲၣ် • (moh̀ kaw̱ seh̀)

From မိၣ် (moh̀, “Mon”) + ကီၢ်စဲၣ် (kaw̱ seh̀, “state”).


ကခၠ့ၣ်ကီၢ်စဲၣ်

head

ကခၠ့ၣ်ကီၢ်စဲၣ် • (ka khyaỳ kaw̱ seh̀)

From ကခၠ့ၣ် (ka khyaỳ, “Kachin”) + ကီၢ်စဲၣ် (kaw̱ seh̀, “state”).


ယိၤဒိၣ်ကီၢ်စဲၣ်

head

ယိၤဒိၣ်ကီၢ်စဲၣ် • (yoh̄ doh̀ kaw̱ seh̀)

From ယိၤဒိၣ် (yoh̄ doh̀, “Shan”) + ကီၢ်စဲၣ် (kaw̱ seh̀, “state”).


ကီၢ်ရ့ၣ်

head

ကီၢ်ရ့ၣ် • (kaw̱ raỳ)

(Myanmar) district, administrative subdivision of ကီၢ်ဒိၣ် (kaw̱ doh̀, “region”) and ကီၢ်စဲၣ် (kaw̱ seh̀, “state”).


ကီၢ်ဒိၣ်

ကီၢ်ဒိၣ် • (kaw̱ doh̀)

From ကီၢ် (kaw̱, “land”) + ဒိၣ် (doh̀, “big”).

compound

region, administrative subdivision of Myanmar


ပုၢ်

head

ပုၢ် • (pu̱)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖူႋ (phɯ̄), Western Pwo ဖု, Pa'o Karen ဖူး.


ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဟူး

ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ဟူး • (haẁ khoh̀ hoö)

From ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် (haẁ khoh̀, “earth”) + ဟူး (hoö, “shake”).


ဃိာ်

head

ဃိာ် • (xoḥ)


ဆ့ပျိၢ်

ဆ့ပျိၢ် • (hsay ploẖ)

From ဆ့ (hsay, “upper garment”) + ပျိၢ် (ploẖ).

compound

red, traditional Karen upper garment worn by men


ဆ့မိၢ်သူ

From ဆ့ (hsay, “upper garment”) + မိၢ် (moẖ) + သူ (thoo, “black”).

black, traditional Karen upper garment worn by married women


နုာ်လီၤ

head

နုာ်လီၤ • (nụ law̄)

From နုာ် (nụ, “enter”) + လီၤ (law̄, “descend”). Compare Eastern Pwo နုက်လင် (náʊ làɴ).


ထံကီၢ်

head

ထံကီၢ် • (hṭee kaw̱)

From ထံ (hṭee, “water”) + ကီၢ် (kaw̱, “land”). Compare Eastern Pwo ထီ့ခါန်ႋ (thî khāɴ), Western Pwo ထံၫခး (tʰì kʰâɴ), Pa'o Karen ခမ်းထီ.


ကၢ်

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခါႋ (khā), Western Pwo ခါ.


ထံၣ်

head

ထံၣ် • (hṭeè)


ထံၣ်

ထံၣ် • (hṭeè)

တၢ်ဂ့ၢ်တထံၣ်


ပှဲၤ

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *(p/b)liŋ (“full, fill”).

inh

Used as a post-clausal modifier to indicate that the subject has what it takes to do or endure something: be able to, be capable of


လဲၢ်

head

လဲၢ် • (leẖ)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *glay (“wide, apart”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လဲာ (lɛ̄), Pa'o Karen လုဲင်း.


ဂ့ၢ်

head

ဂ့ၢ် • (ghay̱)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *rey ~ *s-rwi(y) (“cord, string, creeper, cane, rattan”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯေဝ်ႋ (ɣī̱), Mizo hrui, Manipuri ꯂꯤ (li).


ကဘီ

Borrowed from Mon က္ၜၚ်. Cognate with Eastern Pwo က္ၜင် (kbàɴ).


ဖၠၣ်

head

ဖၠၣ် • (hpyà)


ဆံးယံာ်

ဆံးယံာ် • (hseë yeẹ)

From ဆံး (hseë, “small”) + ယံာ် (yeẹ, “long”).


ဘၣ်တဘၣ်

head

ဘၣ်တဘၣ် • (bà ta bà)

From ဘၣ် (bà, “hit, encounter”) + တ (ta, “not”).


ကၠိသရၣ်

From ကၠိ (kyoh, “school”) + သရၣ် (tha rà, “teacher”).


ပာ်တ့ၢ်

head

ပာ်တ့ၢ် • (pạ tay̱)

From ပာ် (pạ, “put”) + တ့ၢ် (tay̱, “remain”).


ကညီကျိာ်

From ကညီ (ka nyaw, “Karen”) + ကျိာ် (kloḥ, “language”).


ဒံး

From Proto-Karen *ɁdeɁᴰ (“wing”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဍာ် (dài), Pa'o Karen ဒေ့ꩻ (déʔ).


ဒံး

Used to indicate continuation of a situation: still


သးဟ့

From သး (thä, “heart”) + ဟ့ (hay, “hate”).


တၢ်အိၣ်ဆူၣ်အိၣ်ချ့

head

တၢ်အိၣ်ဆူၣ်အိၣ်ချ့ • (ta̱ ʼoh̀ hsoò ʼoh̀ khlay)


စံးဘျုး

စံးဘျုး • (seë blü)

From စံး (seë, “say”) + ဘျုး (blü, “benefit”).

compound

ယစံးဘျုးနၤဒိၣ်မး.


အီၤ

head

အီၤ • (ʼaw̄)

ယကမၤပျံၤအီၤ

Object form of the third person singular or plural pronoun: it, him, her, them


တၢ်စံၣ်ကျံၣ်

တၢ်စံၣ်ကျံၣ် • (ta̱ seè kleè)


ကိတိာ်

ကိတိာ် • (koh toḥ)


စၢၤ

စၢၤ • (suh̄)

Placed after a verb to indicate that an action is performed to help someone.


ခး

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခါ (khà), Western Pwo ခၭ, Pa'o Karen ခꩻ.


အါထီၣ်

အါထီၣ် • (ʼah hṭaẁ)

From အါ (ʼah, “be many”) + ထီၣ် (hṭaẁ, “go up”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo အးထင်း (ʔá tháɴ).


လဲၤထီၣ်လဲၤထီ

head

လဲၤထီၣ်လဲၤထီ • (leh̄ hṭaẁ leh̄ hṭaw)


လံၤလံၤ

လံၤလံၤ • (leē leē)


ဂီၢ်

ဂီၢ် • (ghaw̱)

(အ~) Used after a purposive clause to indicate that something is done for the purpose of the situation referred to by the said clause.


ဂီၢ်

ဂီၢ် • (ghaw̱)


သးဒ့ဒီ

From သး (thä, “heart”) + ဒ့ဒီ (day daw).


သးဆါ

From သး (thä, “heart”) + ဆါ (hsah, “hurt”).


တဘျီဃီ

From တဘျီ (ta blaw, “one time”) + ဃီ (xaw, “same”).


အရီၢ်

head

အရီၢ် • (ʼa raw̱)


အဝံၣ်

အဝံၣ် • (ʼa weè)


နိးဆူၣ်

နိးဆူၣ် • (noḧ hsoò)


အိၣ်ခူသူၣ်

အိၣ်ခူသူၣ် • (ʼoh̀ khoo thoò)

From အိၣ် (ʼoh̀, “stay”) + ခူသူၣ် (khoo thoò, “hidden”).


ဖၢၣ်

head

ဖၢၣ် • (hpuh̀)


လီၤတူာ်

လီၤတူာ် • (law̄ toọ)


ထ့ၣ်

ထ့ၣ် • (hṭaỳ)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ti-k (“penis”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထှ်ေ (thí̱), Manipuri ꯇꯤ (ti).


လံၢ်

လံၢ် • (lee̱)


ဘ့ၣ်

ဘ့ၣ် • (baỳ)


ဘ့ၣ်

ဘ့ၣ် • (baỳ)

From Proto-Karen *Ɂbaᴮ (“classifier for flat objects”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜိင်း (béiɴ), Western Pwo ဘံၪ့, Western Kayah ꤙꤢ꤬ (bà).

inh

Classifier for flat, two-dimensional objects.

Classifier for winged or saliently flat animals.


ဘၣ်သ့ၣ်သ့ၣ်

head

ဘၣ်သ့ၣ်သ့ၣ် • (bà thaỳ thaỳ)


ညီနုၢ်

ညီနုၢ် • (nyaw nu̱)


ပတုာ်

ပတုာ် • (pa tụ)


မၤပတုာ်

မၤပတုာ် • (mā pa tụ)

From မၤ (mā, “make”) + ပတုာ် (pa tụ, “stop”).


တဂ့ၤ

From တ (ta, “not”) + ဂ့ၤ (ghaȳ, “good”).

တဘၣ်မၤနၢၤအီၣ်တၢ်တဂ့ၤ

Final particle used to end preventive or prohibitive sentences.


လီၤစိၤ

လီၤစိၤ • (law̄ soh̄)


သကိး

tha koḧ (romanization)
သကီး (alternative)

မၤလိသကိးတၢ်

Used as a post-verbal modifier: together


တၢ်အၢၣ်လီၤ

တၢ်အၢၣ်လီၤ • (ta̱ ʼuh̀ law̄)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + အၢၣ်လီၤ (ʼuh̀ law̄, “promise”).


သူၣ်လီၤ

head

သူၣ်လီၤ • (thoò law̄)


သထ့

Compare Mon သေထဳ, from Pali seṭṭhī (“wealthy man”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သယ်ထီ့ (θɛ̀ thî).


တီၤ

တီၤ • (taw̄)


လိၣ်

လိၣ် • (loh̀)


လိၣ်

လိၣ် • (loh̀)


တိၣ်

တိၣ် • (toh̀)


ထူၣ်

ထူၣ် • (hṭoò)


ထူၣ်

ထူၣ် • (hṭoò)

Classifier for columns, poles, etcetera.


စ့ၢ်ကီး

စ့ၢ်ကီး • (say̱ kaẅ)


ပိာ်မုၣ်ပိာ်မၢၤ

ပိာ်မုၣ်ပိာ်မၢၤ • (poḥ mù poḥ muh̄)


တၢ်ဖံးတၢ်မၤ

တၢ်ဖံးတၢ်မၤ • (ta̱ hpeë ta̱ mā)


ကဘီယူၤ

From ကဘီ (ka baw, “ship”) + ယူၤ (yoō, “fly”).


ယူၤ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယူ (jɯ̀).


ကဘီယူၤပျီ

From ကဘီယူၤ (ka baw yoō, “airplane”) + ပျီ (plaw, “field”).


လီၤနံၤ

head

လီၤနံၤ • (law̄ neē)

From လီၤ (law̄, “go down”) + နံၤ (neē, “laugh”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လင်ဏီႋ (làɴ nī).


လီၤပျံၤ

head

လီၤပျံၤ • (law̄ pleē)

From လီၤ (law̄, “go down”) + ပျံၤ (pleē, “fear”).


ဖံဖု

From ဖံ (hpee, “grandmother”) + ဖု (hpu, “grandfather”). Cognate with Western Pwo ဖံၫဖုၫ.

ယဖံယဖု


အဝဲသ့ၣ်

head

အဝဲသ့ၣ် • (ʼa weh thaỳ)

From အဝဲ (ʼa weh, “he, she”) + သ့ၣ် (thaỳ, “plural marker”).


ပာ်လီၤ

head

ပာ်လီၤ • (pạ law̄)

From ပာ် (pạ, “put”) + လီၤ (law̄, “down”).


သိၣ်လိ

From သိၣ် (thoh̀, “discipline, instruct”) + လိ (loh, “learn”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သံင်းလောဟ် (θóɴ lʊ́), Western Pwo ၁ီၪ့လိၪ (θàuɴlò).

cog

Eastern Pwo သံင်းလောဟ် (θóɴ lʊ́)


လၢၤ

head

လၢၤ • (luh̄)

post-clausal marker used in negative contexts to indicate that a situation no longer is the case: anymore


တမျာ်

တမျာ် • (ta mlạ)

Compare with Mon ဓမၠ. Cognate with Western Pwo ထမျၬ.


ဟး

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯာ (ɣà), Western Pwo ဂၭ (ɣaʔ).


စိာ်

စိာ် • (soḥ)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆေါဝ် (chʊ̀), Western Pwo ဆိၬ (shoʔ).


ဃီ

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Western Pwo ဎၫ့ (xàɴ).


ဃီ

နီၣ်တၢၤတဘ့ၣ်ဃီ

ကၠိတဖျၢၣ်ဃီ


ထိၣ်ဒ့ၣ်

ထိၣ်ဒ့ၣ် • (hṭoh̀ daỳ)


နီၢ်ကီၢ်

နီၢ်ကီၢ် • (naw̱ kaw̱)


ဒီၣ်

ဒီၣ် • (daẁ)


ဟဲက့ၤ

ဟဲက့ၤ • (heh kaȳ)

Verb compound consisting of ဟဲ (heh, “come”) + က့ၤ (kaȳ, “return”).


လဲၤက့ၤ

လဲၤက့ၤ • (leh̄ kaȳ)

From လဲၤ (leh̄, “go”) + က့ၤ (kaȳ, “return”).


ဒ့မုၣ်

ဒ့မုၣ် • (day mù)


ဆှဲဆှဲ

hshgeh hshgeh (romanization)
ၡဲၡဲ (alternative)


တၢ်စုၣ်တၢ်ပျၢ်

တၢ်စုၣ်တၢ်ပျၢ် • (ta̱ sù ta̱ pla̱)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + စုၣ် (sù, “poison”) + ပျၢ် (pla̱). Elaborate variant of တၢ်စုၣ် (ta̱ sù).


လံၤမုၣ်

head

လံၤမုၣ် • (leē mù)

From လံၤ (leē, “grandchild”) + မုၣ် (mù, “female”).


သးအုး

head

သးအုး • (thä ʼü)

From သး (thä, “heart”) + အုး (ʼü). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သာအုဂ် (θà ʔàʊ).


တြဲၤ

တြဲၤ • (treh̄)


ဆၣ်

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *dza (“eat”) (Benedict 1972). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆး (chá).


ဆၣ်

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယှး (jH3), Pa'o Karen ဆာႏ (sʰá), Western Pwo ၡၪ.


ခ့

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *d-k(e/ə)y (“tiger”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေဝ့် (khî̱), Pa'o Karen ကေ, Manipuri ꯀꯩ (kei).


တမှံၤ

From Austroasiatic, possibly Mon တၟုဲ (“guest, visitor, stranger”), which is connected with Old Javanese tamuy (“guest”) (Luce 1985). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ပ်ုမုဲ (pə mwì).


သဘျုၣ်

သဘျုၣ် • (tha blù)

Borrowed from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985); compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ml(əw) (“betel”), whence Mon ဇဗၠူ (həpluˀ, “betel”). Cognate with Bwe Karen θə́ɓu, Eastern Pwo ဖူႋလး (phɯ̄ lá), Pa'o Karen ပြူး. Shorto (2006, #1860) notes that this word is widespread in Southeast Asia. See, for example, Thai พลู (pluu).


သဘျုၣ်လၣ်

သဘျုၣ်လၣ် • (tha blù là)

From သဘျုၣ် (tha blù, “betel”) + လၣ် (là, “leaf”).


လီတာ်

head

လီတာ် • (law tạ)

law tạ (romanization)
လီကတာ် (alternative)

Cognate with Bwe Karen lədá, Eastern Pwo လင့်က်ုထ (lâɴ kə th), Geba Karen လၤဓၢ်, Pa'o Karen လင်းတ. Compare with Shan လၢင်းတႃႉ (láang tâ̰a), Burmese လင်းတ (lang:ta.).


ပရၢ

From Mon ပရိုၚ်. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ပြိုင့် (prə̂ɴ).


ဒူ

Borrowed from Mon ဍုၚ်. Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဍုံ (dòʊɴ), Western Pwo ဒိၩ့.


ကမဲ

From Mon ကၟဲာ. Cognate with Eastern Pwo မယ့် (mɛ̂).


ကသံၣ်

ကသံၣ် • (ka theè)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သီး (θí), Pa'o Karen တသီႏ.


အါ

From Proto-Karen *Ɂaᴬ (“many, much”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo အး (ʔá), Pa'o Karen အာ.


ယံၤ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယာင် (jàiɴ), Pa'o Karen ညာꩻ. Luce (1985) suggests an Austroasiatic origin. Compare Proto-Austroasiatic *cŋaːjʔ (“distant”).


ဖြာꩻ

ဖြာꩻ • (phrā)


ဝဲၢ်

ဝဲၢ် • (weẖ)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဝေး.


ယံာ်

ယံာ် • (yeẹ)


ပှၢ်

ပှၢ် • (phga̱)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယှာႋ (jHā), Western Pwo ၡါ, Pa'o Karen ဖြား.


သလ့ၤ

(~လါ) Thalay, the first month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with December–January


ထ့ကူၣ်

ထ့ကူၣ် • (hṭay koò)

(~လါ) the second month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with February


သွ့ကီ

(~လါ) the third month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with March


လါချံ

From လါ (lah, “moon, month”) + ချံ (khlee, “seed”).

compound

(~လါ) La Hkli, the fourth month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with April


ဒ့ၣ်ညါ

head

ဒ့ၣ်ညါ • (daỳ nyah)

(~လါ) the Day Nya month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with May


လါနွံ

From လါ (lah, “month”) + နွံ (nwee, “seven”).

the La Nwi month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with June


လါဃိး

လါဃိး • (lah xoḧ)

From လါ (lah, “month”) + ဃိး (xoḧ, “eight”).

the La Khoh month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with July


လါခူး

the La Hkuh month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with August


ဆံးမုၢ်

ဆံးမုၢ် • (hseë mu̱)

(~လါ) the Hsih Mu month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with September


ဆံးဆၣ်

ဆံးဆၣ် • (hseë hsà)

(~လါ) the Hsih Hsah month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with October


လါနီ

From လါ (lah, “moon, month”) + နီ (naw).

the La Naw month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with November


လါပျုၤ

လါပျုၤ • (lah plū)

From လါ (lah, “moon, month”) + ပျုၤ (plū).

the La Plu month of the Karen lunar calendar, roughly corresponding with December


နၣ်ရံၣ်

နၣ်ရံၣ် • (nà reè)

Borrowed from Sanskrit नाडी (nāḍī, “a measure of time”) via Burmese နာရီ (nari). Cognate with Mon နာဍဳ, Eastern Pwo နာဍီ (nà dì), Western Pwo နၩရံၩ (na: ri:), Pa'o Karen နားရီႏ.


နၣ်ရံၣ်

head

နၣ်ရံၣ် • (nà reè)


ခီၣ်ညါသး

ခီၣ်ညါသး • (khaẁ nyah thä)


တခိး

ta khoḧ (romanization)
သခိး (alternative)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေါဝ် (khʊ̀), Pa'o Karen တခေါ့ꩻ.


သၣ်

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သး (θá), Western Pwo ၥၪ.

fruit, used as the second component in words signifying fruits


ထဲၣ်

ထဲၣ် • (hṭeh̀)


လုၢ်ထံ

လုၢ်ထံ • (lu̱ hṭee)


ဘူၣ်

ဘူၣ် • (boò)

ယဟးလၢတၢ်ခံးကျါတဘူၣ်ဘၣ်.

Auxiliary used after a clause: to dare (to do something)


ဘူၣ်

ဘူၣ် • (boò)


စံၣ်

စံၣ် • (seè)


ခိး

ခိး • (khoḧ)


ဖီၣ်

ဖီၣ် • (hpaẁ)

ဖီၣ်ယတၢ်ဖိတၢ်လံၤတဂ့ၤ.


ယိာ်

ယိာ် • (yoḥ)


ဆၢ

From Proto-Karen *chɨmᴬ (“salty, sweet”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဆိုမ် (“salty”), Eastern Pwo ဆိုင့် (chə̂ɴ, “sweet”).


ပယီၤ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ပ်ုယင် (pə jàɴ) (or ပ်ုယာန် (pə jàɴ)).


ကစၢ်

ကစၢ် • (ka sa̱)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo က်ုဆာႋ (kə chā), Western Pwo ကဆါ.


ကူာ်

ကူာ် • (koọ)


ကူာ်

ကူာ် • (koọ)

Classifier for a part, division, section, or half.


အံၣ်

အံၣ် • (ʼeè)


ဖီလာ်

ဖီလာ် • (hpaw lạ)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖင့်လး (phâɴ lá).


ဖီခိၣ်

From ဖီ (hpaw) + ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head, top part”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖင့်ခေါဟ် (phâɴ khʊ́).


ဖါတံၢ်

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဖါ့ထီႋ (phâ thī).


တမၣ်

head

တမၣ် • (ta mà)


သရိာ်

သရိာ် • (tha roḥ)

Cognate with Burmese ဇရပ် (ja.rap), Eastern Pwo ဩုက်.


ကသူ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သိုင့် (θə̂ɴ) and Western Pwo ၥၧၫ့.


ယိး

to carry with a neckyoke, carry on the shoulders


ကစၢ်ယွၤ

ကစၢ်ယွၤ • (ka sa̱ ywā)

From ကစၢ် (ka sa̱, “lord”) + ယွၤ (ywā, “God”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo က်ုဆာႋယွာ (kə chā jwà), Western Pwo ကဆါယွၩ.


ကွဲၢ်ကဘီ

head

ကွဲၢ်ကဘီ • (kweẖ ka baw)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခွဲါက္ၜင် (khwɛ̄ kbàɴ), Western Pwo ခွဲၩကဘၩ့ (khwe: kă ban:).


ယီၢ်

ယီၢ် • (yaw̱)

From Proto-Karen *jamᴮ (“tread”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယာင်ႋ (jāiɴ), Pa'o Karen ယမ်း.


ညၣ်အုၣ်

ညၣ်အုၣ် • (nyà ʼù)

From ညၣ် (nyà, “fish”) + အုၣ် (ʼù, “rot”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယးအူး (já ʔɯ́).


ညၣ်ကိၣ်

ညၣ်ကိၣ် • (nyà koh̀)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယးကောဟ် (já kʊ́). See also Burmese ငါးခူ (nga:hku).


နီၢ်ကစၢ်

နီၢ်ကစၢ် • (naw̱ ka sa̱)

From နီၢ် (naw̱, “body”) + ကစၢ် (ka sa̱, “master, owner”). Compare Eastern Pwo ဏင့်ဆာႋ (nâɴ chā).


မိာ်

head

မိာ် • (moḥ)


မ့ၣ်ခုၣ်

မ့ၣ်ခုၣ် • (maỳ khù)

From မ့ၣ် (maỳ, “fire”) + ခုၣ် (khù, “smoke”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မှ်ေခူး (mí̱ khɯ́).


မုၢ်နံၤ

head

မုၢ်နံၤ • (mu̱ neē)

From မုၢ် (mu̱, “sun”) + နံၤ (neē, “day”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မူႋဏီ (mɯ̄ nì), Pa'o Karen မွူးနီꩻ.


ဟဲထီၣ်

ဟဲထီၣ် • (heh hṭaẁ)

From ဟဲ (heh, “come”) + ထီၣ် (hṭaẁ, “ascend”). Compare Eastern Pwo ၯယ့်ထင်း (ɣɛ̂ tháɴ).


မံမီၢ်

head

မံမီၢ် • (mee maw̱)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo မီ့မင်ႋ (mî māɴ).


မိၤ

မိၤ • (moh̄)


မၤလိ

မၤလိ • (mā loh)

From မၤ (mā, “do, make”) + လိ (loh, “learn”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မာလောဟ် (mà lʊ́).


မၤကၢ်

မၤကၢ် • (mā ka̱)

From မၤ (mā, “make”) + ကၢ် (ka̱, “break”). Compare Eastern Pwo မာခါႋ (mà khā).


ဖံဝါ

From ဖံ (hpee, “grandmother”) + ဝါ (wah, “white”). Compare Eastern Pwo ဖီ့အွာ (phî ʔwà).


ဖီၣ်ဆူၣ်

head

ဖီၣ်ဆူၣ် • (hpaẁ hsoò)

From ဖီၣ် (hpaẁ, “grab”) + ဆူၣ် (hsoò, “be strong”). Compare Eastern Pwo ဖံင်းဆံင်း (phóɴ chóɴ).


တၢ်သ့တၢ်ဘၣ်

head

တၢ်သ့တၢ်ဘၣ် • (ta̱ thay ta̱ bà)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + သ့ (thay, “be skilled”) + ဘၣ် (bà, “be correct”).


ဂုာ်ကျဲးစၢး

head

ဂုာ်ကျဲးစၢး • (ghụ kleḧ suḧ)

From ဂုာ် (ghụ) + ကျဲးစၢး (kleḧ suḧ, “try, make an effort”).


ခိၣ်နူာ်

head

ခိၣ်နူာ် • (khoh̀ noọ)

From ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head”) + နူာ် (noọ); the latter from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rnuq (“brain”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေါဟ်နုက် (khʊ́ náʊ).


ယ့ၣ်ၡူး

ယ့ၣ်ၡူး • (yaỳ shoö)


ဘၣ်ယိၣ်

ဘၣ်ယိၣ် • (bà yoh̀)


သုးက့

သုးက့ • (thü kay)

From သုး (thü, “army, military”) + က့ (kay).


ထးခိၣ်ထံ

ထးခိၣ်ထံ • (hṭä khoh̀ hṭee)

From ထးခိၣ် (hṭä khoh̀, “mouth”) + ထံ (hṭee, “water”).


သဲးသၣ်

head

သဲးသၣ် • (theḧ thà)

From သဲး (theḧ, “areca palm”) + သၣ် (thà, “fruit”).


ဘိၣ်ထီၣ်

head

ဘိၣ်ထီၣ် • (boh̀ hṭaẁ)

From ဘိၣ် (boh̀, “wrap”) + ထီၣ် (hṭaẁ, “ascend, go up”).


တီၢ်ပူၤ

head

တီၢ်ပူၤ • (taw̱ poō)

တနံၣ်အတီၢ်ပူၤ


ပာ်ဖျါထီၣ်

ပာ်ဖျါထီၣ် • (pạ hplah hṭaẁ)

From ပာ် (pạ, “put”) + ဖျါ (hplah, “be visible”) + ထီၣ် (hṭaẁ, “go up”).


ဒိၣ်စိ

head

ဒိၣ်စိ • (doh̀ soh)

From ဒိၣ် (doh̀, “be big”) + စိ (soh, “be elevated”).


စူးကါ

head

စူးကါ • (soö kah)


သုးခိၣ်ဒိၣ်

သုးခိၣ်ဒိၣ် • (thü khoh̀ doh̀)

From သုး (thü, “army”) + ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head, leader”) + ဒိၣ် (doh̀, “be big”).


ပၢၤကီၢ်ဝဲၤလီၢ်

head

ပၢၤကီၢ်ဝဲၤလီၢ် • (puh̄ kaw̱ weh̄ law̱)

From ပၢၤကီၢ် (puh̄ kaw̱, “police”) + ဝဲၤလီၢ် (weh̄ law̱, “office”).


တၢ်ဂ့ၢ်ကီ

head

တၢ်ဂ့ၢ်ကီ • (ta̱ ghay̱ kaw)

From တၢ်ဂ့ၢ် (ta̱ ghay̱, “matter”) + ကီ (kaw, “be difficult”).


ယိယိဖိ

From ယိ (yoh, “be simple”) + ဖိ (hpoh, “child, diminutive marker”).


မူၤသံး

head

မူၤသံး • (moō theë)

From မူၤ (moō, “be intoxicated”) + သံး (theë, “alcohol”).


ကလူး

head

ကလူး • (ka loö)

From Mon ကလုတ် (“emissary, ambassador, messenger”).


စီၤမိၤၡ့

From စီၤ (saw̄, “male honorific”) + မိၤၡ့ (moh̄ shay, “Moses”).


ပှၤတၢ်ဒဲးဘးဖိ

head

ပှၤတၢ်ဒဲးဘးဖိ • (phgā ta̱ deḧ bä hpoh)

From ပှၤ (phgā, “person”) + တၢ်ဒဲးဘး (ta̱ deḧ bä, “sin”) + ဖိ (hpoh, “child”).


ကီၢ်ဆၣ်

head

ကီၢ်ဆၣ် • (kaw̱ hsà)

(Myanmar) township, administrative subdivision of ကီၢ်ရ့ၣ် (kaw̱ raỳ, “district”).


ကလီၢ်

ကလီၢ် • (ka law̱)

one hundred thousand
one hundred thousand


ဖီၣ်ဂၢၢ်

ဖီၣ်ဂၢၢ် • (hpaẁ ghuẖ)

From ဖီၣ် (hpaẁ, “grab”) + ဂၢၢ် (ghuẖ, “be firm”).


နီၣ်တယၢ်

head

နီၣ်တယၢ် • (naẁ ta ya̱)


ကရူၢ်

ကရူၢ် • (ka roo̱)

(Myanmar) village tract, fourth-level administrative subdivision.


ချၢၣ်လွံၢ်ထူၣ်

ချၢၣ်လွံၢ်ထူၣ် • (khluh̀ lwee̱ hṭoò)

From ချၢၣ် (khluh̀, “banyan”) + လွံၢ် (lwee̱, “four”) + ထူၣ် (hṭoò, “trunk”).

compound

(~ကီၢ်ရ့ၣ်) Kler Lwee Htoo (District), officially known as Nyaunglebin, a district located in eastern Bago Region of Myanmar.


ဘါထုကဖၣ်

head

ဘါထုကဖၣ် • (bah hṭu ka hpà)


မုၢ်တြီၢ်

မုၢ်တြီၢ် • (mu̱ traw̱)

compound

မုၢ် (mu̱) + တြီၢ် (traw̱)

(~ကီၢ်ရ့ၣ်) Mutraw (District), officially known as Hpapun, a district located in Kayin State, Myanmar.


အီကူး

head

အီကူး • (ʼaw koö)

ʼaw koö (romanization)
အီကူာ် (alternative)


ဘျံး

ဘျံး • (bleë)

(~ကီၢ်ရ့ၣ်) Myeik (District), a district located in Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar.


ထံတမၢၣ်

ထံတမၢၣ် • (hṭee ta muh̀)

hṭee ta muh̀ (romanization)
ထံတမၢၢ် (alternative)


တီခိၣ်ရိၣ်မဲ

တီခိၣ်ရိၣ်မဲ • (taw khoh̀ roh̀ meh)


ထံၣ်ဆံး

ထံၣ်ဆံး • (hṭeè hseë)

From ထံၣ် (hṭeè, “see”) + ဆံး (hseë, “be small”).


ဘၢၣ်စၢၤ

head

ဘၢၣ်စၢၤ • (buh̀ suh̄)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜုံဆိုင် (bòʊɴ chə̀ɴ).

(relational noun) (အ~) between (it, them)


သိၣ်မှံၤ

သိၣ်မှံၤ • (thoh̀ mhgeē)

From သိၣ် (thoh̀, “friend”) + မှံၤ (mhgeē). Compare the first component with Eastern Pwo သောဝ် (θʊ̀).


ခိၣ်ဃၢၤန့ဆၢၣ်

ခိၣ်ဃၢၤန့ဆၢၣ် • (khoh̀ xuh̄ nay hsuh̀)

From ခိၣ်ဃၢၤ (khoh̀ xuh̄, “surroundings”) + န့ဆၢၣ် (nay hsuh̀, “nature”).


အ့ၣ်ဆါ

head

အ့ၣ်ဆါ • (ʼaỳ hsah)


ကိၣ်

ကိၣ် • (koh̀)


လိၤ

လိၤ • (loh̄)

From Proto-Karen [Term?]. Cognate with Eastern Pwo လံင် (lòɴ).


လိၤ

လိၤ • (loh̄)


သ့ၣ်ပှၢ်ဝၣ်ပှၢ်

သ့ၣ်ပှၢ်ဝၣ်ပှၢ် • (thaỳ phga̱ wà phga̱)

From သ့ၣ် (thaỳ, “tree”) + ဝၣ် (wà, “bamboo”) + ပှၢ် (phga̱).


ပှၤထူလံၤဖိ

head

ပှၤထူလံၤဖိ • (phgā hṭoo leē hpoh)

From ပှၤ (phgā, “person”) + ထူလံၤ (hṭoo leē, “indigenous”) + ဖိ (hpoh, “child”).


သးစၢ်

head

သးစၢ် • (thä sa̱)

From သး (thä, “heart”) + စၢ် (sa̱, “weak, young”).


သးစၢ်

head

သးစၢ် • (thä sa̱)


ဒုးသ့ၣ်ညါ

ဒုးသ့ၣ်ညါ • (dü thaỳ nyah)

From ဒုး (dü, “cause, let”) + သ့ၣ်ညါ (thaỳ nyah, “know”).


တ့ၤအီၣ်ဖီအီၣ်

head

တ့ၤအီၣ်ဖီအီၣ် • (taȳ ʼaẁ hpaw ʼaẁ)

From တ့ၤ (taȳ, “cook in bamboo”) + ဖီ (hpaw, “cook”) + အီၣ် (ʼaẁ, “eat”).


ကူာ်ကၢ်

head

ကူာ်ကၢ် • (koọ ka̱)

From ကူာ် (koọ, “cut, chop”) + ကၢ် (ka̱, “break”).


ထၢလၣ်

head

ထၢလၣ် • (hṭuh là)

Dipterocarpus tuberculatus
Dipterocarpus tuberculatus#Translingual

leaf of the Dipterocarpus tuberculatus tree used for thatching


ပဟံၣ်

ပဟံၣ် • (pa heè)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ပ်ုယီး (pə jí).


ဘၣ်ဒိ

ဘၣ်ဒိ • (bà doh)


ကတၢၢ်

ကတၢၢ် • (ka tuẖ)


ကတၢၢ်

ကတၢၢ် • (ka tuẖ)

Used as a superlative marker: -est, most


လီၤမၢ်

လီၤမၢ် • (law̄ ma̱)


ထိၣ်သတြီၤ

ထိၣ်သတြီၤ • (hṭoh̀ tha traw̄)


ပီၢ်ရီ

ပီၢ်ရီ • (paw̱ raw)


လီၤသံး

လီၤသံး • (law̄ theë)


ချီအီ

From ချီ (khlaw, “boil”) + အီ (ʼaw, “drink”).


ထံအီ

ထံအီ • (hṭee ʼaw)

From ထံ (hṭee, “water”) + အီ (ʼaw, “drink”).


လိာ်ကွီၢ်

လိာ်ကွီၢ် • (loḥ kwaw̱)


ကွီၢ်ဘျီၣ်

ကွီၢ်ဘျီၣ် • (kwaw̱ blaẁ)


တၢ်ဂ့ၢ်

တၢ်ဂ့ၢ် • (ta̱ ghay̱)


ထုးထီၣ်

ထုးထီၣ် • (hṭü hṭaẁ)

From ထုး (hṭü, “pull”) + ထီၣ် (hṭaẁ, “up”).


လံာ်ညိၣ်သိၣ်ဒိၣ်

လံာ်ညိၣ်သိၣ်ဒိၣ် • (leẹ nyoh̀ thoh̀ doh̀)


ဘျၢၣ်လိာ်အသး

ဘျၢၣ်လိာ်အသး • (bluh̀ loḥ ʼa thä)

From ဘျၢၣ် (bluh̀, “push, thrust”) + လိာ် (loḥ, “reciprocally”) + အသး (ʼa thä, “him-, her-, itself, themselves”).

compound

to butt heads (of animals), to clash horns


ခူသူၣ်

(in compounds) in secret, secretly, hidden


လံာ်ဖး

head

လံာ်ဖး • (leẹ hpä)

From လံာ် (leẹ, “book, writing”) + ဖး (hpä, “read”).


တကွံသၣ်

ta kwee thà (romanization)
သကွံသၣ် (alternative)

From တကွံ (ta kwee, “banana”) + သၣ် (thà, “fruit”).


တကွံ

ta kwee (romanization)
သကွံ (alternative)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သာကုဲ (θà kwì).


တခိးသၣ်

head

တခိးသၣ် • (ta khoḧ thà)

ta khoḧ thà (romanization)
သခိးသၣ် (alternative)

From တခိး (ta khoḧ, “mango”) + သၣ် (thà, “fruit”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခေါဝ်သး (khʊ̀ θá).


ကမျၢၢ်

head

ကမျၢၢ် • (ka mluẖ)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဂမၠိုင်ႋ (kmlə̄ɴ).


ဝံၣ်

ဝံၣ် • (weè)


ထိၣ်ဂံာ်

ထိၣ်ဂံာ် • (hṭoh̀ gheẹ)

From ထိၣ် (hṭoh̀, “bird”) + ဂံာ် (gheẹ). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထောဟ်ၯိက် (thʊ́ ɣái).


ထိၣ်ဒီၣ်

ထိၣ်ဒီၣ် • (hṭoh̀ daẁ)

From ထိၣ် (hṭoh̀, “bird”) + ဒီၣ် (daẁ). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထောဟ်ဍင်း (thʊ́ dáɴ).


ထိၣ်ပဝံ

ထိၣ်ပဝံ • (hṭoh̀ pa wee)

From ထိၣ် (hṭoh̀, “bird”) + ပဝံ (pa wee). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထောဟ်ဝီး (thʊ́ wí).


ခုၣ်

ခုၣ် • (khù)


ဂံၢ်

ဂံၢ် • (ghee̱)

From Proto-Karen *rwiᴮ (“root”) (Luangthongkum 2019). According to Luce (1985), ဂံၢ် may have been borrowed from Austroasiatic; compare, for example, Mon ရိုဟ်. Cognate with Pa'o Karen ရွီး (rwî), Eastern Pwo ဝီႋ (wī).


ဂံၢ်

ဂံၢ် • (ghee̱)

Cognate with Bwe Karen wì, Eastern Pwo ဝီႋ (wī), Western Pwo ဝံ.


ခံၣ်တံာ်

ခံၣ်တံာ် • (kheè teẹ)

Ricinus communis
Ricinus communis#Translingual


စံၢ်

စံၢ် • (see̱)


ပအူး

ပအူး • (pa ʼoö)


ဖီမုၢ်ဃါ

From ဖီ (hpaw, “flower”) + မုၢ်ဃါ (mu̱ xah, “fairy”).


ဖီသ့ၣ်ခံ

From ဖီ (hpaw, “flower”) + သ့ၣ်ခံ (thaỳ khee).


လိာ်ကွဲ

head

လိာ်ကွဲ • (loḥ kweh)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo လောတ်ကိုဲ (ló kwè).


လၢာ်

လၢာ် • (luḥ)

From Proto-Karen *loɁᴰ (“all, all gone, whole”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လုက် (láʊ), Pa'o Karen လို့.


လူၢ်

head

လူၢ် • (loo̱)


လီၤအဲၣ်

လီၤအဲၣ် • (law̄ ʼeh̀)

From လီၤ (law̄, “go down, -able”) + အဲၣ် (ʼeh̀, “love”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo လင်အဲ (làɴ ʔɛ́).


တဖၣ်

head

တဖၣ် • (ta hpà)

According to Wade (1896), ဖၣ် (hpà) derives from a noun meaning ‘combination, collection, association’. The marker တဖၣ် (ta hpà) is possibly a fossilized classifier phrase consisting of တ (ta, “one”) and ဖၣ် (hpà).

နလံာ်ပရၢတဖၣ်အံၤ


လိၢ်

လိၢ် • (loẖ)


စှၤ

စှၤ • (shgā)

Cognates include Eastern Pwo ယှာ (jHà) and Eastern Pwo ၡၩ.


ပှီၢ်

ပှီၢ် • (phgaw̱)


လံာ်ပရၢ

လံာ်ပရၢ • (leẹ pa ruh)

From လံာ် (leẹ, “book, writing”) + ပရၢ (pa ruh, “news”).


သးအၢ

head

သးအၢ • (thä ʼuh)

From သး (thä, “heart, mind”) + အၢ (ʼuh, “bad, evil”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သာအိုင် (θà ʔə̀ɴ).

cog

Eastern Pwo သာအိုင် (θà ʔə̀ɴ)

(stative) to be evil-minded, vicious, cruel


သးဂ့ၤ

head

သးဂ့ၤ • (thä ghaȳ)

From သး (thä, “heart”) + ဂ့ၤ (ghaȳ, “good”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သာၯေဝ် (θà ɣì̱).


ကျါ

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *gla (“interval, space between”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ကၠာ (klà), Burmese ကြား (kra:).

inh

လၢဖိသၣ်အကျါ

လၢတၢ်ခံးကျါ

in the dark (literally, amidst the darkness)


နၢ

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m/s-nam (“smell”). Cognates include Eastern Pwo နိုင့် (nə̂ɴ), Mizo hnîm, Manipuri ꯅꯝ (nam).


နၢ

နကိာ်ပူၤနၢဒိၣ်မး

(intransitive) to (have a) smell, smell bad


နုၢ်

head

နုၢ် • (nu̱)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-nəw (“breast, milk, suck”). Cognates include Eastern Pwo နူႋ (nɯ̄), Burmese နို့ (nui.), Mizo hnu.


တၢ်နုၢ်ထံ

head

တၢ်နုၢ်ထံ • (ta̱ nu̱ hṭee)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + နုၢ် (nu̱, “breast”) + ထံ (hṭee, “water, liquid”).


နိာ်

head

နိာ် • (noḥ)

From Proto-Tibeto-Burman *s-nwat ~ *s-nut (“mouth, vessel, womb”).


ကိာ်ပူၤ

head

ကိာ်ပူၤ • (koḥ poō)

From ကိာ် (koḥ, “neck”) + ပူၤ (poō, “hole, cavity”).


ပနွဲၢ်သၣ်

head

ပနွဲၢ်သၣ် • (pa nweẖ thà)

From ပနွဲၢ် (pa nweẖ, “jackfruit”) + သၣ် (thà, “fruit”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo နွဲာ (nwɛ̄) or နိုဲႋ (nwē).


ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်

head

ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် • (haẁ khoh̀)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯင်းခေါဟ် (ɣáɴ khʊ́), Western Pwo ဂၪ့ခိၪ, Western Kayah ꤟꤢꤩ꤬ꤋꤢꤨ꤬ (hèhkù).

cog

Eastern Pwo ၯင်းခေါဟ် (ɣáɴ khʊ́)


တၢ်ဘူၣ်တၢ်ဘါ

head

တၢ်ဘူၣ်တၢ်ဘါ • (ta̱ boò ta̱ bah)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆ်ုၜုံးဆ်ုၜါ (chə bóʊɴ chə bà), Western Pwo ဆၧဘိၪ့ဆၧဘၩ.

cog

ဆ်ုၜုံးဆ်ုၜါ

Western Pwo ဆၧဘိၪ့ဆၧဘၩ


သံး

head

သံး • (theë)

Borrowed from Mon သိ (“rice beer”).
Cognate with Eastern Pwo သာ် (θài), Western Pwo ၥံၭ.


ပျုၤ

ပျုၤ • (plū)


ပီၤ

ပီၤ • (paw̄)

bamboo container, bamboo joint open at one end used as a container


ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ကပံာ်

ဟီၣ်ခိၣ်ကပံာ် • (haẁ khoh̀ ka peẹ)

From ဟီၣ်ခိၣ် (haẁ khoh̀, “earth, soil”) + ကပံာ် (ka peẹ, “mud, clay”).


ဖျး

head

ဖျး • (hplä)


ဖျီၣ်

ဖျီၣ် • (hplaẁ)

to put on (trousers, pants, a ring, socks, gloves)


ဃုာ်

(postverbal marker) together, along with


သူၣ်ထီၣ်

သူၣ်ထီၣ် • (thoò hṭaẁ)

From သူၣ် (thoò, “plant”) + ထီၣ် (hṭaẁ, “go up”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo သုင်းထင်း (θə́ɯɴ tháɴ).

cog

Eastern Pwo သုင်းထင်း (θə́ɯɴ tháɴ)


အိးထီၣ်

head

အိးထီၣ် • (ʼoḧ hṭaẁ)

ʼoḧ hṭaẁ (romanization)
အီးထီၣ် (alternative)

From အိး (ʼoḧ, “open”) + ထီၣ် (hṭaẁ, “go up”).

compound

လဲၤအိးထီၣ်ပဲတြီ.


သအ့

tha ʼay (romanization)
တအ့ (alternative)


သဘၣ်

head

သဘၣ် • (tha bà)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜး (bá), သံၜး (θQbá), Western Pwo ဘၪ.


မ့ၣ်အူ

မ့ၣ်အူ • (maỳ ʼoo)

The first syllable is from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *mey (“fire”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မှ်ေ (mí̱).

အိးထီၣ်မ့ၣ်အူ


ဒိးထီၣ်

ဒိးထီၣ် • (doḧ hṭaẁ)


ဘ့ၣ်လီၤ

ဘ့ၣ်လီၤ • (baỳ law̄)

From ဘ့ၣ် (baỳ) + လီၤ (law̄, “go down”).


ဘျဲး

ဘျဲး • (bleḧ)


ညၣ်ပျၤ

ညၣ်ပျၤ • (nyà plā)

/ɲa²¹ˀ.pla̤³³/


က့ၣ်ဖိ

က့ၣ်ဖိ • (kaỳ hpoh)

From က့ၣ် (kaỳ, “bend, curve”) + ဖိ (hpoh, “child”).

compound

Name of the S'gaw Karen tone represented by a small curve, as in ကၤ (kā).


အၢသံ

Name of the S'gaw Karen tone represented by ၢ်, as in ကၢ် (ka̱).


အးသံ

head

အးသံ • (ʼä thee)

Name of the S'gaw Karen tone represented by ာ်, as in ကာ် (kạ).


ဖျၢၣ်ဆံး

ဖျၢၣ်ဆံး • (hpluh̀ hseë)

From ဖျၢၣ် (hpluh̀, “ball”) + ဆံး (hseë, “small”).

compound

Name of the S'gaw Karen tone represented by း, as in ကး (kä).


ဟးသံ

Name of the S'gaw Karen tone represented by ၣ်, as in ကၣ် (kà).


တီၢ်

head

တီၢ် • (taw̱)


ဒဲၣ်

ဒဲၣ် • (deh̀)


ဒုၣ်ဒါ

ဒုၣ်ဒါ • (dù dah)


ယွၤ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယွာ (jwà), Western Pwo ယွၩ (ywa:).


ဆှါ

From Proto-Karen *sraᴬ (“bamboo strip”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ယှာ့ (jHâ), Western Pwo ၡၫ.


ဘါ

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၜါ (bà), Western Pwo ဘၩ.


တၢ်ဂီၤ

တၢ်ဂီၤ • (ta̱ ghaw̄)


ကီၤ

ကီၤ • (kaw̄)

ကီၤသူၣ်ကီၤသး

ကီၤတၢ်ဆါ

ကီၤအ့ၣ်ဆါ

(preceding a verb) to restrain from, force oneself not to


နၢအုၣ်

နၢအုၣ် • (nuh ʼù)

From နၢ (nuh, “smell”) + အုၣ် (ʼù, “be rotten”).


ဟံးစုနဲၣ်ကျဲ

head

ဟံးစုနဲၣ်ကျဲ • (heë su neh̀ kleh)

From ဟံး (heë, “grab”) + စု (su, “hand”) + နဲၣ် (neh̀, “point”) + ကျဲ (kleh, “way”).


သူၣ်ပိၢ်သးဝး

head

သူၣ်ပိၢ်သးဝး • (thoò poẖ thä wä)


တၢ်တဲမုာ်နၢ်

တၢ်တဲမုာ်နၢ် • (ta̱ teh mụ na̱)


တၢ်စုဆူၣ်ခီၣ်တကး

တၢ်စုဆူၣ်ခီၣ်တကး • (ta̱ su hsoò khaẁ ta kä)


တၢ်ကမၣ်

တၢ်ကမၣ် • (ta̱ ka mà)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ကမၣ် (ka mà, “wrong”).


တၢ်ရဲၣ်တၢ်ကျဲၤ

head

တၢ်ရဲၣ်တၢ်ကျဲၤ • (ta̱ reh̀ ta̱ kleh̄)


ဆၢတဲာ်

ဆၢတဲာ် • (hsuh teḥ)


မဟါကၢာ်

မဟါကၢာ် • (ma hah kuḥ)


ဖဲလဲၣ်

ဖဲမဟါန့ၣ်နလဲၤဖဲလဲၣ်


ဖဲအံၤ

ဖဲအံၤ • (hpeh ʼeē)

From ဖဲ (hpeh, “at”) + အံၤ (ʼeē, “here”).


ဖဲန့ၣ်

ဖဲန့ၣ် • (hpeh naỳ)

From ဖဲ (hpeh, “at”) + န့ၣ် (naỳ, “here”).


ကွၢ်ထွဲ

ကွၢ်ထွဲ • (kwa̱ hṭweh)


တဟါအံၤ

တဟါအံၤ • (ta hah ʼeē)

From တဟါ (ta hah, “one evening”) + အံၤ (ʼeē, “this”).


တနံၤအံၤ

head

တနံၤအံၤ • (ta neē ʼeē)

From တနံၤ (ta neē, “one day”) + အံၤ (ʼeē, “this”).


ကိးက့ၤ

head

ကိးက့ၤ • (koḧ kaȳ)

From ကိး (koḧ, “call”) + က့ၤ (kaȳ, “return”).


တဘျီဝံၤတဘျီ

From တဘျီ (ta blaw, “one time”) + ဝံၤ (weē, “finish”).


ပာ်ကဲ

head

ပာ်ကဲ • (pạ keh)


တၢ်ကူၣ်ဘၣ်ကူၣ်သ့

တၢ်ကူၣ်ဘၣ်ကူၣ်သ့ • (ta̱ koò bà koò thay)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ကူၣ်ဘၣ်ကူၣ်သ့ (koò bà koò thay).

compound

ကူၣ်ဘၣ်ကူၣ်သ့


အိၣ်ဘှံး

head

အိၣ်ဘှံး • (ʼoh̀ bhgeë)

From အိၣ် (ʼoh̀, “stay”) + ဘှံး (bhgeë).


သးစဲ

From သး (thä, “heart”) + စဲ (seh, “stick, adhere”).


တၢ်ကတိၤဒိ

head

တၢ်ကတိၤဒိ • (ta̱ ka toh̄ doh)


တၢ်ထံၣ်

တၢ်ထံၣ် • (ta̱ hṭeè)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ထံၣ် (hṭeè, “see”).


နီၣ်တၢၤ

နီၣ်တၢၤ • (naẁ tuh̄)

From နီၣ် (naẁ, “instrument”) + တၢၤ (tuh̄, “scoop up”).


တၢ်မုာ်တၢ်ခုၣ်

head

တၢ်မုာ်တၢ်ခုၣ် • (ta̱ mụ ta̱ khù)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + မုာ် (mụ, “enjoyable”) + ခုၣ် (khù, “cool”).


လုၢ်လၢ်

head

လုၢ်လၢ် • (lu̱ la̱)


ကဲဘျုး

ကဲဘျုး • (keh blü)


ယိၤဒိၣ်

ယိၤဒိၣ် • (yoh̄ doh̀)


ဒၢ

inh

Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ta (“box, cabinet”)


တၢ်ခိတၢ်သွဲ

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ခိ (khoh) + သွဲ (thweh).


သွဲၣ်

head

သွဲၣ် • (thweh̀)


တၢ်ဃံ

တၢ်ဃံ • (ta̱ xee)

From Proto-Karen *khrwitᴰ (“bone”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m/g-rus (“bone”).


တၢ်သူၣ်ဝံၣ်သးဆၢ

တၢ်သူၣ်ဝံၣ်သးဆၢ • (ta̱ thoò weè thä hsuh)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + သူၣ်ဝံၣ်သးဆၢ (thoò weè thä hsuh).

compound

သူၣ်ဝံၣ်သးဆၢ


ကီၤလၤဝါ

head

ကီၤလၤဝါ • (kaw̄ lā wah)

From ကီၤလၤ (kaw̄ lā) + ဝါ (wah, “white”).


ဒ့တၢ်အူတၢ်

ဒ့တၢ်အူတၢ် • (day ta̱ ʼoo ta̱)

From ဒ့ (day, “play”) + တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + အူ (ʼoo, “blow”).


ကုၤဃၢ်

head

ကုၤဃၢ် • (kū xa̱)

From ကုၤ (kū, “mushroom”) + ဃၢ် (xa̱, “germ”).


ကလး

head

ကလး • (ka lä)


ချီၣ်

ချီၣ် • (khlaẁ)


ထးကျီၤစု

ထးကျီၤစု • (hṭä klaw̄ su)

From ထး (hṭä, “metal”) + ကျီၤ (klaw̄, “tie around”) + စု (su, “hand”).


မူၤ

inh

Proto-Tibeto-Burman *muːŋ ⪤ *r/s-muːk (“foggy, dark, sullen, menacing, thunder”)

ယခိၣ်မူၤ


မူခိၣ်

From မူ (moo, “heaven”) + ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head”). The first syllable is from Proto-Karen *m̥oʔ (“sky”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မုဂ်ခေါဟ် (màʊkhʊ́), Western Kayah ꤗꤟꤢꤪꤋꤢꤨ꤬ (mo̤ahkù).


ကါဒိၣ်

head

ကါဒိၣ် • (kah doh̀)

From ကါ (kah, “deed, work”) + ဒိၣ် (doh̀, “big”).


ဃဲာ်

head

ဃဲာ် • (xeḥ)


နီၤ

နီၤ • (naw̄)


နီၤ

နီၤ • (naw̄)

ပှၤတနီၤ


မံနီၤ

From မံ (mee, “sleep”) + နီၤ (naw̄). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မီ့ဏင် (mî nàɴ).


မီၤန့ၢ်ပှၤ

မီၤန့ၢ်ပှၤ • (maw̄ nay̱ phgā)


လိၢ်န့ၢ်

လိၢ်န့ၢ် • (loẖ nay̱)

From လိၢ် (loẖ, “borrow”) + န့ၢ် (nay̱, “get”).


ဟီၣ်

head

ဟီၣ် • (haẁ)


တံၢ်

တံၢ် • (tee̱)


ဂုာ်ဃံ

ဂုာ်ဃံ • (ghụ xee)

From ဂုာ် (ghụ, “chest”) + ဃံ (xee, “bone”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ၯုက်ၰုဲး (ɣáʊ xwí), Pa'o Karen ရဲꩻဆွတ်ꩻ.


ထံဂုၤကီၢ်ဂၤ

ထံဂုၤကီၢ်ဂၤ • (hṭee ghū kaw̱ ghā)

From ထံကီၢ် (hṭee kaw̱, “country”) + ဂုၤဂၤ (ghū ghā, “other”).


လံာ်မိၢ်ပှၢ်

head

လံာ်မိၢ်ပှၢ် • (leẹ moẖ phga̱)


ဟ့ၣ်ဂံၢ်ဟ့ၣ်ဘါ

ဟ့ၣ်ဂံၢ်ဟ့ၣ်ဘါ • (haỳ ghee̱ haỳ bah)

/he⁵²ˀ.ɣi̤⁵².he⁵²ˀ.ba³³/

From ဟ့ၣ် (haỳ, “give”) + ဂံၢ်ဘါ (ghee̱ bah, “energy, strength”).


အါတက့ၢ်

head

အါတက့ၢ် • (ʼah ta kay̱)

From အါ (ʼah, “many, much”) + တက့ၢ် (ta kay̱).


မၤပျံၤ

head

မၤပျံၤ • (mā pleē)

From မၤ (mā, “make”) + ပျံၤ (pleē, “fear”).


ဘၣ်စီၣ်

ဘၣ်စီၣ် • (bà saẁ)

From ဘၣ် (bà, “hit, encounter, undergo”) + စီၣ် (saẁ).


ပသံး

Cognate with Eastern Pwo သာ် (θài) in စူးသာ် (cɯ́ θài, “ring”).


တၢ်ဒဲးဘး

head

တၢ်ဒဲးဘး • (ta̱ deḧ bä)


ယၢ်လၣ်

ယၢ်လၣ် • (ya̱ là)


တၢ်ဘျုး

တၢ်ဘျုး • (ta̱ blü)

/ta̤⁵².blɨ²¹ˀ/

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + ဘျုး (blü, “benefit”).


ဒိးန့ၢ်

head

ဒိးန့ၢ် • (doḧ nay̱)

From ဒိး (doḧ) + န့ၢ် (nay̱, “get”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဍောဝ်ဏေဝ်ႋ (dʊ̀ nī̱).

cog

Eastern Pwo ဍောဝ်ဏေဝ်ႋ (dʊ̀ nī̱)


စၢ်

From Proto-Karen *Ɉaᴮ (“young, soft, tender”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ဆာႋ (chā).


သိး

head

သိး • (thoḧ)


နူာ်

နူာ် • (noọ)


ယီၢ်ဒ့

ယီၢ်ဒ့ • (yaw̱ day)


ကံၣ်ဃ့

ကံၣ်ဃ့ • (keè xay)


ဟ့ၣ်ကူၣ်

ဟ့ၣ်ကူၣ် • (haỳ koò)

From ဟ့ၣ် (haỳ, “give”) + ကူၣ် (koò, “think, consider, deliberate”).


ဖီထိၣ်ကိး

head

ဖီထိၣ်ကိး • (hpaw hṭoh̀ koḧ)

From ဖီ (hpaw, “flower”) + ထိၣ်ကိး (hṭoh̀ koḧ, “hornbill”).


ထိၣ်ကိး

head

ထိၣ်ကိး • (hṭoh̀ koḧ)

From ထိၣ် (hṭoh̀, “bird”) + ကိး (koḧ, “call”).


တဲာ်

head

တဲာ် • (teḥ)


အဲၣ်ဘၢ

အဲၣ်ဘၢ • (ʼeh̀ buh)

From အဲၣ် (ʼeh̀, “love”) + ဘၢ (buh, “be concealed”).

compound

to cheat on (in a romantic relationship)


တၢ်စံၣ်စိၤတဲစိၤ

head

တၢ်စံၣ်စိၤတဲစိၤ • (ta̱ seè soh̄ teh soh̄)

From တၢ် (ta̱, “thing”) + စံၣ်စိၤတဲစိၤ (seè soh̄ teh soh̄).

compound

စံၣ်စိၤတဲစိၤ


မ့ၣ်ပိၢ်

maỳ poẖ (romanization)
ဖျၢၣ် (classifier)

From မ့ၣ် (maỳ, “fire”) + ပိၢ် (poẖ, “explode”).


လ့ၣ်မ့ၣ်အူသန့

head

လ့ၣ်မ့ၣ်အူသန့ • (laỳ maỳ ʼoo tha nay)

From လ့ၣ်မ့ၣ်အူ (laỳ maỳ ʼoo, “train”) + သန့ (tha nay, “station”).


ခိၣ်ဆူၣ်

head

ခိၣ်ဆူၣ် • (khoh̀ hsoò)

From ခိၣ် (khoh̀, “head”) + ဆူၣ် (hsoò, “hair”).


သၣ်မီၤကျ့ၤ

head

သၣ်မီၤကျ့ၤ • (thà maw̄ klaȳ)

From သၣ် (thà, “fruit”) + မီၤကျ့ၤ (maw̄ klaȳ, “tamarind”). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မင်ခၠံင်ႋ (màɴ khlōɴ), Pa'o Karen မောင်းကြဲင်ႏ, Western Pwo မၩ့ချီၩ့. Borrowed from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985); compare Mon မၚ်ဂၠန်.

cog

မောင်းကြဲင်ႏ

Pa'o Karen မောင်းကြဲင်ႏ

Tamarindus indica
Tamarindus indica#Translingual


စကီၤ

Borrowed from Austroasiatic, connected with Burmese သခင် (sa.hkang) (Luce 1985).


ချၢၣ်

head

ချၢၣ် • (khluh̀)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠုံး (khlóʊɴ).


ထ့

Borrowed from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထာင့် (thâiɴ), Pa'o Karen ထဲင် (tʰɛ̀ŋ), Western Kayah ꤤ꤬ꤓꤢ (ìhta).


သတိၢ်

သတိၢ် • (tha toẖ)

Borrowed from Palaungic (Luce 1985). Cognate with Eastern Pwo ထောဝ်ႋ (thʊ̄).


မရီၢ်

မရီၢ် • (ma raw̱)

Borrowed from Austroasiatic (Luce 1985). Cognate with Eastern Pwo မ်ုလံင်ႋ (mə lōɴ).


ချိၣ်

ချိၣ် • (khloh̀)

Cognate with Eastern Pwo ခၠေါဟ် (khlʊ́).

Used as the first component in names of molluscs.


ဘၢၣ်

ဘၢၣ် • (buh̀)

Coix lacryma-jobi
Coix lacryma-jobi#Translingual