-ье

-ʹje (romanization)
-ье (nominative singular)
-ья (nominative plural)
-ья (genitive singular)
-ий (genitive plural)
-ью (dative singular)
-ьям (dative plural)
-ье (accusative singular)
-ья (accusative plural)
-ьем (instrumental singular)
-ьями (instrumental plural)
-ье (prepositional singular)
-ьях (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Old East Slavic -ьѥ, -ье (-ĭje, -ĭe), from Proto-Slavic *-ьje. Doublet of -ие (-ije), a borrowing from Church Slavonic.

inh+

по́лый (pólyj, “spilling over”) + -о- (-o-) + вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -ье (-ʹje) → полово́дье (polovódʹje, “seasonal flooding”)

рука́ (ruká, “hand”) + -о- (-o-) + бор(оться) (bor(otʹsja), “to fight, to wrestle”) + -ье (-ʹje) → рукобо́рье (rukobórʹje, “arm wrestling”)

без- (bez-, “without”) + лю́ди (ljúdi, “people”) + -ье (-ʹje) → безлю́дье (bezljúdʹje, “absence of people”)

меж- (mež-, “between”) + сезо́н (sezón, “season”) + -ье (-ʹje) → межсезо́нье (mežsezónʹje, “off-season”)

под- (pod-, “under”) + нога́ (nogá, “leg”) + -ье (-ʹje) → подно́жье (podnóžʹje, “foot (of a mountain)”)

Abstract noun suffix; forms part of larger suffixes such as -е́нье (-énʹje), -а́нье (-ánʹje), -тье (-tʹje), and exists on its own especially as a suffix added to compound words.

за- (za-) + Кавка́з (Kavkáz, “Caucasus”) + -ье (-ʹje) → Закавка́зье (Zakavkázʹje, “Transcaucasia”)

при- (pri-) + Днестр (Dnestr, “Dniester”) + -о́вый (-óvyj) + -ье (-ʹje) → Приднестро́вье (Pridnestróvʹje, “Transnistria”)

Suffix used to create names of locations in conjunction with prefixes.


-я

Noun-forming diminutive suffix used after a soft (palatalized) consonant.


-летний

ru-adj

-ле́тний • (-létnij)

-ле́тний (canonical)
-létnij (romanization)
-ле́тний (masculine nominative)
-ле́тнее (neuter nominative)
-ле́тняя (feminine nominative)
-ле́тние (nominative plural)
-ле́тнего (genitive masculine neuter)
-ле́тней (feminine genitive)
-ле́тних (genitive plural)
-ле́тнему (dative masculine neuter)
-ле́тней (dative feminine)
-ле́тним (dative plural)
-ле́тнего (accusative animate masculine)
-ле́тнее (accusative neuter)
-ле́тнюю (accusative feminine)
-ле́тних (accusative animate plural)
-ле́тний (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ле́тние (accusative inanimate plural)
-ле́тним (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ле́тней (feminine instrumental)
-ле́тнею (feminine instrumental)
-ле́тними (instrumental plural)
-ле́тнем (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ле́тней (feminine prepositional)
-ле́тних (plural prepositional)

-year-old (suffix used to indicate the age of something or someone, in terms of years)


-ция

→ Crimean Tatar: -tsiya

→ Hebrew: ־ציה


-енька

head

-енька • (-enʹka) m anim or m inan or f anim or f inan

-enʹka (romanization)
-енька (nominative singular)
-еньки (nominative plural)
-еньки (genitive singular)
-енек (genitive plural)
-еньке (dative singular)
-енькам (dative plural)
-еньку (accusative singular)
-енек (accusative plural)
-еньки (accusative plural)
-енькой (instrumental singular)
-енькою (instrumental singular)
-еньками (instrumental plural)
-еньке (prepositional singular)
-еньках (plural prepositional)

бог (box, “god”) + -енька (-enʹka) → бо́женька (bóženʹka, “god (endearing form)”)

тётя (tjótja, “aunt”) + -енька (-enʹka) → тётенька (tjótenʹka, “auntie (endearing form)”)

-онька -онька#Russian

alternative form of -онька (-onʹka) (used after soft consonants, the hushing consonants ш ж ч щ as well as ц): suffix forming diminutive, often endearing, nouns from other nouns and adjectives


-ыч

-yč (romanization)
-ыч (nominative singular)
-ычи (nominative plural)
-ыча (genitive singular)
-ычей (genitive plural)
-ычу (dative singular)
-ычам (dative plural)
-ыча (accusative singular)
-ычей (accusative plural)
-ычем (instrumental singular)
-ычами (instrumental plural)
-ыче (prepositional singular)
-ычах (plural prepositional)

Па́вел (Pável, “Paul”) + -ыч (-yč) → Па́лыч (Pályč, “son of Paul”)

Ива́н (Iván, “John”) + -ыч (-yč) → Ива́ныч (Iványč, “son of John”)

A masculine patronymic suffix added to a given name ending in a hard (unpalatalized) consonant: son of


-ович

-ovič (romanization)
-ович (nominative singular)
-овичи (nominative plural)
-овича (genitive singular)
-овичей (genitive plural)
-овичу (dative singular)
-овичам (dative plural)
-овича (accusative singular)
-овичей (accusative plural)
-овичем (instrumental singular)
-овичами (instrumental plural)
-овиче (prepositional singular)
-овичах (plural prepositional)

→ Komi-Zyrian: вич (vić)

Па́вел (Pável, “Paul”) + -ович (-ovič) → Па́влович (Pávlovič, “son of Pavel (Paul)”)

Ива́н (Iván, “John”) + -ович (-ovič) → Ива́нович (Ivánovič, “son of Ivan (John)”)


-евич

-evič (romanization)
-евич (nominative singular)
-евичи (nominative plural)
-евича (genitive singular)
-евичей (genitive plural)
-евичу (dative singular)
-евичам (dative plural)
-евича (accusative singular)
-евичей (accusative plural)
-евичем (instrumental singular)
-евичами (instrumental plural)
-евиче (prepositional singular)
-евичах (plural prepositional)

И́горь (Ígorʹ, “Igor”) + -евич (-evič) → И́горевич (Ígorevič, “son of Igor”)

Тимофе́й (Timoféj, “Timothy”) + -евич (-evič) → Тимофе́евич (Timoféjevič, “son of Timothy”)

A masculine patronymic suffix added to a given name ending in a soft (palatalized) consonant: son of


-ушки

-ушки (canonical)
-у́шки (canonical)
-uški (romanization)
-úški (romanization)
-нюшки (also)
-ушки (nominative plural)
-у́шки (nominative plural)
-ушек (genitive plural)
-у́шек (genitive plural)
-ушкам (dative plural)
-у́шкам (dative plural)
-ушки (accusative plural)
-у́шки (accusative plural)
-ушками (instrumental plural)
-у́шками (instrumental plural)
-ушках (plural prepositional)
-у́шках (plural prepositional)

потяг- (potjag-, “to stretch”) + -у́шки (-úški) → потягу́шки (potjagúški, “stretching”) (children's talk)

фи́га (fíga, “fig sign”) + -ушки (-uški) → фи́гушки (fíguški, “buggerall, the hell (I do)”) (expressive denial)

нет (net, “no”) + -ушки (-uški) → не́тушки (nétuški, “nope”)

агу́шки (imitating baby talk) ― agúški

(colloquial, chiefly diminutive, produces particles or nouns)


-льщик

-lʹščik (romanization)
-льщица (feminine)
-льщик (nominative singular)
-льщики (nominative plural)
-льщика (genitive singular)
-льщиков (genitive plural)
-льщику (dative singular)
-льщикам (dative plural)
-льщика (accusative singular)
-льщиков (accusative plural)
-льщиком (instrumental singular)
-льщиками (instrumental plural)
-льщике (prepositional singular)
-льщиках (plural prepositional)

подава́ть (podavátʹ, “to serve”) + -льщик (-lʹščik) → подава́льщик (podaválʹščik, “waiter”)

боле́ть (bolétʹ, “to cheer”) + -льщик (-lʹščik) → боле́льщик (bolélʹščik, “fan, supporter”)

носи́ть (nosítʹ, “to carry”) + -льщик (-lʹščik) → носи́льщик (nosílʹščik, “porter”)

кра́сить (krásitʹ, “to dye”) + -льщик (-lʹščik) → краси́льщик (krasílʹščik, “dyer”)

нало́г (nalóg, “tax”) + плати́ть (platítʹ, “to pay”) + -льщик (-lʹščik) → налогоплате́льщик (nalogoplatélʹščik, “taxpayer”)

-er (forms nouns denoting persons from verbs)


-чатый

-чатый (canonical)
-ча́тый (canonical)
-čatyj (romanization)
-čátyj (romanization)
-́чатый (masculine nominative)
-ча́тый (masculine nominative)
-́чатое (neuter nominative)
-ча́тое (neuter nominative)
-́чатая (feminine nominative)
-ча́тая (feminine nominative)
-́чатые (nominative plural)
-ча́тые (nominative plural)
-́чатого (genitive masculine neuter)
-ча́того (genitive masculine neuter)
-́чатой (feminine genitive)
-ча́той (feminine genitive)
-́чатых (genitive plural)
-ча́тых (genitive plural)
-́чатому (dative masculine neuter)
-ча́тому (dative masculine neuter)
-́чатой (dative feminine)
-ча́той (dative feminine)
-́чатым (dative plural)
-ча́тым (dative plural)
-́чатого (accusative animate masculine)
-ча́того (accusative animate masculine)
-́чатое (accusative neuter)
-ча́тое (accusative neuter)
-́чатую (accusative feminine)
-ча́тую (accusative feminine)
-́чатых (accusative animate plural)
-ча́тых (accusative animate plural)
-́чатый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ча́тый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-́чатые (accusative inanimate plural)
-ча́тые (accusative inanimate plural)
-́чатым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ча́тым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-́чатой (feminine instrumental)
-́чатою (feminine instrumental)
-ча́той (feminine instrumental)
-ча́тою (feminine instrumental)
-́чатыми (instrumental plural)
-ча́тыми (instrumental plural)
-́чатом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ча́том (masculine neuter prepositional)
-́чатой (feminine prepositional)
-ча́той (feminine prepositional)
-́чатых (plural prepositional)
-ча́тых (plural prepositional)
-́чат (masculine short-form)
-ча́т (masculine short-form)
-́чато (neuter short-form)
-ча́то (neuter short-form)
-́чата (feminine short-form)
-ча́та (feminine short-form)
-́чаты (plural short-form)
-ча́ты (plural short-form)

ru-decl-adj

-́чатый,-ча́тый

Extracted by rebracketing of words such as хлопча́тый (xlopčátyj) (from хло́пок (xlópok) + -а́тый (-átyj)), where -ч- (< -к- with palatalisation) is part of the stem.

взрыв (vzryv, “explosion”) + -чатый (-čatyj) → взры́вчатый (vzrývčatyj, “explosive”)

узо́р (uzór, “pattern”) + -чатый (-čatyj) → узо́рчатый (uzórčatyj, “patterned”)

пила́ (pilá, “saw”) + -чатый (-čatyj) → пи́льчатый (pílʹčatyj, “serrated”)

бревно́ (brevnó, “log”) + -чатый (-čatyj) → бреве́нчатый (brevénčatyj, “timbered, made of logs”)

adjective-forming suffix, added to nouns, indicating having the characteristic of that noun; sometimes a relational adjective is formed instead


-аной

head

-ано́й • (-anój)

-ано́й (canonical)
-anój (romanization)
-ано́й (masculine nominative)
-ано́е (neuter nominative)
-ана́я (feminine nominative)
-аны́е (nominative plural)
-ано́го (genitive masculine neuter)
-ано́й (feminine genitive)
-аны́х (genitive plural)
-ано́му (dative masculine neuter)
-ано́й (dative feminine)
-аны́м (dative plural)
-ано́го (accusative animate masculine)
-ано́е (accusative neuter)
-ану́ю (accusative feminine)
-аны́х (accusative animate plural)
-ано́й (accusative inanimate masculine)
-аны́е (accusative inanimate plural)
-аны́м (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ано́й (feminine instrumental)
-ано́ю (feminine instrumental)
-аны́ми (instrumental plural)
-ано́м (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ано́й (feminine prepositional)
-аны́х (plural prepositional)

рж- (rž-, “rye”) + -ано́й (-anój) → ржано́й (ržanój, “(relational) rye”)

Alternative form of -яно́й (-janój) (used after hushing consonants (ш ж ч щ) and ц)


-учий

-у́чий • (-účij)

-у́чий (canonical)
-účij (romanization)
-у́чий (masculine nominative)
-у́чее (neuter nominative)
-у́чая (feminine nominative)
-у́чие (nominative plural)
-у́чего (genitive masculine neuter)
-у́чей (feminine genitive)
-у́чих (genitive plural)
-у́чему (dative masculine neuter)
-у́чей (dative feminine)
-у́чим (dative plural)
-у́чего (accusative animate masculine)
-у́чее (accusative neuter)
-у́чую (accusative feminine)
-у́чих (accusative animate plural)
-у́чий (accusative inanimate masculine)
-у́чие (accusative inanimate plural)
-у́чим (instrumental masculine neuter)
-у́чей (feminine instrumental)
-у́чею (feminine instrumental)
-у́чими (instrumental plural)
-у́чем (masculine neuter prepositional)
-у́чей (feminine prepositional)
-у́чих (plural prepositional)
-у́ч (masculine short-form)
-у́че (neuter short-form)
-у́ча (feminine short-form)
-у́чи (plural short-form)

Inherited from Late Proto-Slavic *-ǫťь, a present active participial suffix. Doublet of -у́щий (-úščij), the normal present participle suffix, a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.

лета́ть (letátʹ, “to fly”) + -у́чий (-účij) → лету́чий (letúčij, “flying”)

пла́вать (plávatʹ, “to float”) + -у́чий (-účij) → плаву́чий (plavúčij, “floating, buoyant”)

па́хнуть (páxnutʹ, “to smell of”) + -у́чий (-účij) → паху́чий (paxúčij, “fragrant”)

ползти́ (polztí, “to crawl”) + -у́чий (-účij) → ползу́чий (polzúčij, “crawling, creeping”)

жечь (žečʹ, “to burn”) (present tense жгу (žgu)) + -у́чий (-účij) → жгу́чий (žgúčij, “burning”)

жить (žitʹ, “to live”) (present tense живу́ (živú)) + -у́чий (-účij) → живу́чий (živúčij, “viable, enduring”)

Adjective-forming suffix, added to intransitive verbs, indicating being in the state of that verb.


-яной

-яно́й (canonical)
-janój (romanization)
-яно́й (masculine nominative)
-яно́е (neuter nominative)
-яна́я (feminine nominative)
-яны́е (nominative plural)
-яно́го (genitive masculine neuter)
-яно́й (feminine genitive)
-яны́х (genitive plural)
-яно́му (dative masculine neuter)
-яно́й (dative feminine)
-яны́м (dative plural)
-яно́го (accusative animate masculine)
-яно́е (accusative neuter)
-яну́ю (accusative feminine)
-яны́х (accusative animate plural)
-яно́й (accusative inanimate masculine)
-яны́е (accusative inanimate plural)
-яны́м (instrumental masculine neuter)
-яно́й (feminine instrumental)
-яно́ю (feminine instrumental)
-яны́ми (instrumental plural)
-яно́м (masculine neuter prepositional)
-яно́й (feminine prepositional)
-яны́х (plural prepositional)

вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -яно́й (-janój) → водяно́й (vodjanój, “(relational) water”)

соль (solʹ, “salt”) + -яно́й (-janój) → соляно́й (soljanój, “(relational) salt”)

смола́ (smolá, “tar”) + -яно́й (-janój) → смоляно́й (smoljanój, “(relational) tar; tarry, tarred”)

земля́ (zemljá, “earth”) + -яно́й (-janój) → земляно́й (zemljanój, “(relational) earth”)

ве́тер (véter, “wind”) (genitive ве́тра (vétra)) + -яно́й (-janój) → ветряно́й (vetrjanój, “(relational) wind”)

лён (ljon, “flax”) (genitive льна (lʹna)) + -яно́й (-janój) → льняно́й (lʹnjanój, “(relational) flax, linen”)

рожь (rožʹ, “rye”) (genitive ржи (rži)) + -ано́й (-anój) → ржано́й (ržanój, “(relational) rye”)

adjective-forming suffix, added to materials, indicating being composed of or related to that material; normally forms relational adjectives


-иный

-и́ный • (-ínyj)

-и́ный (canonical)
-ínyj (romanization)
-и́ный (masculine nominative)
-и́ное (neuter nominative)
-и́ная (feminine nominative)
-и́ные (nominative plural)
-и́ного (genitive masculine neuter)
-и́ной (feminine genitive)
-и́ных (genitive plural)
-и́ному (dative masculine neuter)
-и́ной (dative feminine)
-и́ным (dative plural)
-и́ного (accusative animate masculine)
-и́ное (accusative neuter)
-и́ную (accusative feminine)
-и́ных (accusative animate plural)
-и́ный (accusative inanimate masculine)
-и́ные (accusative inanimate plural)
-и́ным (instrumental masculine neuter)
-и́ной (feminine instrumental)
-и́ною (feminine instrumental)
-и́ными (instrumental plural)
-и́ном (masculine neuter prepositional)
-и́ной (feminine prepositional)
-и́ных (plural prepositional)

гусь (gusʹ, “goose”) + -и́ный (-ínyj) → гуси́ный (gusínyj, “(relational) goose”)

змея́ (zmejá, “snake”) + -и́ный (-ínyj) → змеи́ный (zmeínyj, “(relational) snake; serpentine, snake's”)

блоха́ (bloxá, “flea”) + -и́ный (-ínyj) → блоши́ный (blošínyj, “(relational) flea”)

зверь (zverʹ, “wild animal”) + -и́ный (-ínyj) → звери́ный (zverínyj, “animal, feral”)

мураве́й (muravéj, “ant”) (genitive муравья́ (muravʹjá)) + -и́ный (-ínyj) → муравьи́ный (muravʹínyj, “(relational) ant; antlike”)

лев (lev, “lion”) (genitive льва (lʹva)) + -и́ный (-ínyj) → льви́ный (lʹvínyj, “lion's”)

adjective-forming suffix, added to nouns denoting animals, typically forming relational adjectives


-яный

-яный (canonical)
-я́ный (canonical)
-janyj (romanization)
-jányj (romanization)
-́яный (masculine nominative)
-я́ный (masculine nominative)
-́яное (neuter nominative)
-я́ное (neuter nominative)
-́яная (feminine nominative)
-я́ная (feminine nominative)
-́яные (nominative plural)
-я́ные (nominative plural)
-́яного (genitive masculine neuter)
-я́ного (genitive masculine neuter)
-́яной (feminine genitive)
-я́ной (feminine genitive)
-́яных (genitive plural)
-я́ных (genitive plural)
-́яному (dative masculine neuter)
-я́ному (dative masculine neuter)
-́яной (dative feminine)
-я́ной (dative feminine)
-́яным (dative plural)
-я́ным (dative plural)
-́яного (accusative animate masculine)
-я́ного (accusative animate masculine)
-́яное (accusative neuter)
-я́ное (accusative neuter)
-́яную (accusative feminine)
-я́ную (accusative feminine)
-́яных (accusative animate plural)
-я́ных (accusative animate plural)
-́яный (accusative inanimate masculine)
-я́ный (accusative inanimate masculine)
-́яные (accusative inanimate plural)
-я́ные (accusative inanimate plural)
-́яным (instrumental masculine neuter)
-я́ным (instrumental masculine neuter)
-́яной (feminine instrumental)
-́яною (feminine instrumental)
-я́ной (feminine instrumental)
-я́ною (feminine instrumental)
-́яными (instrumental plural)
-я́ными (instrumental plural)
-́яном (masculine neuter prepositional)
-я́ном (masculine neuter prepositional)
-́яной (feminine prepositional)
-я́ной (feminine prepositional)
-́яных (plural prepositional)
-я́ных (plural prepositional)
-́ян (masculine short-form)
-я́н (masculine short-form)
-́яно (neuter short-form)
-я́но (neuter short-form)
-́яна (feminine short-form)
-я́на (feminine short-form)
-́яны (plural short-form)
-я́ны (plural short-form)

ru-decl-adj

-́яный,-я́ный

серебро́ (serebró, “silver”) + -яный (-janyj) → сере́бряный (serébrjanyj, “(relational) silver”)

ма́сло (máslo, “oil, butter”) + -яный (-janyj) → ма́сляный (másljanyj, “(relational) oil, butter”)

овёс (ovjós, “oats”) + -я́ный (-jányj) → овся́ный (ovsjányj, “(relational) oat”)

ко́жа (kóža, “leather”) + -яный (-janyj) → ко́жаный (kóžanyj, “(relational) leather”)


-истый

head

-́истый or -и́стый • (-́istyj or -ístyj)

-́истый (canonical)
-и́стый (canonical)
-́istyj (romanization)
-ístyj (romanization)
-́истый (masculine nominative)
-и́стый (masculine nominative)
-́истое (neuter nominative)
-и́стое (neuter nominative)
-́истая (feminine nominative)
-и́стая (feminine nominative)
-́истые (nominative plural)
-и́стые (nominative plural)
-́истого (genitive masculine neuter)
-и́стого (genitive masculine neuter)
-́истой (feminine genitive)
-и́стой (feminine genitive)
-́истых (genitive plural)
-и́стых (genitive plural)
-́истому (dative masculine neuter)
-и́стому (dative masculine neuter)
-́истой (dative feminine)
-и́стой (dative feminine)
-́истым (dative plural)
-и́стым (dative plural)
-́истого (accusative animate masculine)
-и́стого (accusative animate masculine)
-́истое (accusative neuter)
-и́стое (accusative neuter)
-́истую (accusative feminine)
-и́стую (accusative feminine)
-́истых (accusative animate plural)
-и́стых (accusative animate plural)
-́истый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-и́стый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-́истые (accusative inanimate plural)
-и́стые (accusative inanimate plural)
-́истым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-и́стым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-́истой (feminine instrumental)
-́истою (feminine instrumental)
-и́стой (feminine instrumental)
-и́стою (feminine instrumental)
-́истыми (instrumental plural)
-и́стыми (instrumental plural)
-́истом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-и́стом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-́истой (feminine prepositional)
-и́стой (feminine prepositional)
-́истых (plural prepositional)
-и́стых (plural prepositional)
-́ист (masculine short-form)
-и́ст (masculine short-form)
-́исто (neuter short-form)
-и́сто (neuter short-form)
-́иста (feminine short-form)
-и́ста (feminine short-form)
-́исты (plural short-form)
-и́сты (plural short-form)

ru-decl-adj

-́истый,-и́стый

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-itъ / *-istъ. Cognate with Polish -ysty.

ка́мень (kámenʹ, “stony”) + -и́стый (-ístyj) → камени́стый (kamenístyj, “stony”)

объём (obʺjóm, “bulk, volume”) + -истый (-istyj) → объёмистый (obʺjómistyj, “bulky, voluminous”)

морщи́на (morščína, “wrinkle”) + -истый (-istyj) → морщи́нистый (morščínistyj, “wrinkled”)

мя́со (mjáso, “meat”) + -и́стый (-ístyj) → мяси́стый (mjasístyj, “meaty, fleshy”)

изви́лина (izvílina, “bend, meander”) + -истый (-istyj) → изви́листый (izvílistyj, “meandering, twisty”)

adjective-forming suffix, added to nouns, indicating having the property of that noun

прерыва́ть (preryvátʹ, “to interrupt”) + -истый (-istyj) → преры́вистый (prerývistyj, “intermittent”)

разве́сить (razvésitʹ, “to spread”) + -истый (-istyj) → разве́систый (razvésistyj, “spread out, sprawling”)

размахну́ть (razmaxnútʹ, “to spread, to brandish”) + -истый (-istyj) → разма́шистый (razmášistyj, “sweeping, bold; sprawling”)

adjective-forming suffix, added to verbs, indicating being in the state of that verb


-ёнка

-jónka (romanization)
-ёнка (nominative singular)
-ёнки (nominative plural)
-ёнки (genitive singular)
-ёнок (genitive plural)
-ёнке (dative singular)
-ёнкам (dative plural)
-ёнку (accusative singular)
-ёнок (accusative plural)
-ёнки (accusative plural)
-ёнкой (instrumental singular)
-ёнкою (instrumental singular)
-ёнками (instrumental plural)
-ёнке (prepositional singular)
-ёнках (plural prepositional)

сестра́ (sestrá, “sister”) + -ёнка (-jónka) → сестрёнка (sestrjónka, “little sister”)

си́ла (síla, “strength”) + -ёнка (-jónka) → силёнка (siljónka, “weak, puny strength”)

Suffix added to nouns to form diminutives, sometimes with pejorative force.


-ие

-ije (romanization)
-ие (nominative singular)
-ия (nominative plural)
-ия (genitive singular)
-ий (genitive plural)
-ию (dative singular)
-иям (dative plural)
-ие (accusative singular)
-ия (accusative plural)
-ием (instrumental singular)
-иями (instrumental plural)
-ии (prepositional singular)
-иях (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic -иѥ (-ije), from Proto-Slavic *-ьje. Doublet of -ье (-ʹje) and -ьё (-ʹjó), the inherited forms.

bor+

много- (mnogo-, “many”) + о́браз (óbraz, “image”) + -ие (-ije) → многообра́зие (mnogoobrázije, “variety, diversity”)

ма́ло- (málo-, “little”) + дух (dux, “courage”) + -ие (-ije) → малоду́шие (malodúšije, “cowardice”)

пло́ско- (plósko-, “flat”) + стопа́ (stopá, “foot”) + -ие (-ije) → плоскосто́пие (ploskostópije, “flatfoot (medical condition)”)

само- (samo-, “self”) + люби́ть (ljubítʹ, “to love”) + -ие (-ije) → самолю́бие (samoljúbije, “self-esteem, self-respect”)

со- (so-, “con-”) + звезда́ (zvezdá, “star”) + -ие (-ije) → созве́здие (sozvézdije, “constellation”)

Abstract noun suffix; forms part of larger suffixes such as -е́ние (-énije), -а́ние (-ánije), -тие (-tije), and exists on its own especially as a suffix added to compound words.


-енец

-енец (canonical)
-е́нец (canonical)
-enec (romanization)
-énec (romanization)
-енец (nominative singular)
-е́нец (nominative singular)
-енецы (nominative plural)
-е́нецы (nominative plural)
-енеца (genitive singular)
-е́неца (genitive singular)
-енецев (genitive plural)
-е́нецев (genitive plural)
-енецу (dative singular)
-е́нецу (dative singular)
-енецам (dative plural)
-е́нецам (dative plural)
-енеца (accusative singular)
-е́неца (accusative singular)
-енецев (accusative plural)
-е́нецев (accusative plural)
-енецем (instrumental singular)
-е́нецем (instrumental singular)
-енецами (instrumental plural)
-е́нецами (instrumental plural)
-енеце (prepositional singular)
-е́неце (prepositional singular)
-енецах (plural prepositional)
-е́нецах (plural prepositional)

бе́гать (bégatʹ, “to run”) + -енец (-enec) → бе́женец (béženec, “refugee, asylum seeker”)

младо́й (mladój, “young (poetic)”) + -е́нец (-énec) → младе́нец (mladénec, “newborn, baby”)

Дубна́ (Dubná, “Dubna (city in Russia)”) + -е́нец (-énec) → дубне́нец (dubnénec, “inhabitant of Dubna”)

Suffix added to verbs, adjectives, proper nouns, etc. to form an agent noun.


-лище

head

-́лище or -ли́ще • (-́lišče or -líšče)

-́лище (canonical)
-ли́ще (canonical)
-́lišče (romanization)
-líšče (romanization)
-лище (nominative singular)
-ли́ще (nominative singular)
-лища (nominative plural)
-ли́ща (nominative plural)
-лища (genitive singular)
-ли́ща (genitive singular)
-лищ (genitive plural)
-ли́щ (genitive plural)
-лищу (dative singular)
-ли́щу (dative singular)
-лищам (dative plural)
-ли́щам (dative plural)
-лище (accusative singular)
-ли́ще (accusative singular)
-лища (accusative plural)
-ли́ща (accusative plural)
-лищем (instrumental singular)
-ли́щем (instrumental singular)
-лищами (instrumental plural)
-ли́щами (instrumental plural)
-лище (prepositional singular)
-ли́ще (prepositional singular)
-лищах (plural prepositional)
-ли́щах (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic -лище (-lište). Equivalent to -л (-l) + -ище (-išče).

bor+

зреть (zretʹ, “to watch”) + -лище (-lišče) → зре́лище (zrélišče, “spectacle, show”)

храни́ть (xranítʹ, “to store”) + -лище (-lišče) → храни́лище (xranílišče, “repository, storehouse”)

влага́ть (vlagátʹ, “to put in”) + -лище (-lišče) → влага́лище (vlagálišče, “vagina”), literally “place of insertion”

обита́ть (obitátʹ, “to dwell”) + -лище (-lišče) → обита́лище (obitálišče, “(slightly dated) abode, residence”)

корми́ть (kormítʹ, “to feed”) + -лище (-lišče) → корми́лище (kormílišče, “(rare) feeding or eating place”)

суди́ть (sudítʹ, “to judge”) + -лище (-lišče) → суди́лище (sudílišče, “(dated) court of law; (pejorative) unfair trial”)

чи́стить (čístitʹ, “to clean”) + -лище (-lišče) → чисти́лище (čistílišče, “purgatory”)

жить (žitʹ, “to live”) + -лище (-lišče) → жили́ще (žilíšče, “dwelling”)

Suffix used to form neuter nouns from verbs, usually denoting a place and sometimes having an archaic or literary feel.


-илище

head

-и́лище • (-ílišče)

-и́лище (canonical)
-ílišče (romanization)
-и́лище (nominative singular)
-и́лища (nominative plural)
-и́лища (genitive singular)
-и́лищ (genitive plural)
-и́лищу (dative singular)
-и́лищам (dative plural)
-и́лище (accusative singular)
-и́лища (accusative plural)
-и́лищем (instrumental singular)
-и́лищами (instrumental plural)
-и́лище (prepositional singular)
-и́лищах (plural prepositional)

чу́вство (čúvstvo, “sense, feeling”) + -и́лище (-ílišče) → чувстви́лище (čuvstvílišče, “(dated or literary) senses, expression of feeling”)


-ск

-sk (romanization)
-ск (nominative singular)
-ска (genitive singular)
-ску (dative singular)
-ск (accusative singular)
-ском (instrumental singular)
-ске (prepositional singular)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьskъ, like the adjectival endings -ский (-skij) and -ско́й (-skój).

яку́ты (jakúty, “the Yakuts”) + -ск (-sk) → Яку́тск (Jakútsk, “Yakutsk”)

Му́рман (Múrman, “the Murman Coast”) + -ск (-sk) → Му́рманск (Múrmansk, “Murmansk”)


-бище

-бище • (-bišče)

-bišče (romanization)
-бище (nominative singular)
-бища (nominative plural)
-бища (genitive singular)
-бищ (genitive plural)
-бищу (dative singular)
-бищам (dative plural)
-бище (accusative singular)
-бища (accusative plural)
-бищем (instrumental singular)
-бищами (instrumental plural)
-бище (prepositional singular)
-бищах (plural prepositional)

Generalized from nouns ending in -ба́ (-bá) to which -ище (-išče) had been added. Compare стрельба́ (strelʹbá, “shooting”) + -ище (-išče) → стре́льбище (strélʹbišče, “shooting range”), later reinterpreted as стреля́ть (streljátʹ) + -бище (-bišče); similarly with мо́льбище (mólʹbišče, “prayer ground”), originally derived from мольба́ (molʹbá, “entreaty, prayer”).

стреля́ть (streljátʹ, “to shoot”) + -бище (-bišče) → стре́льбище (strélʹbišče, “shooting ground, shooting range”)

лежа́ть (ležátʹ, “to lie”) + -бище (-bišče) → ле́жбище (léžbišče, “lair”)

класть (klastʹ, “to lay”) (1st. singular кладу́ (kladú)) + -бище (-bišče) → кла́дбище (kládbišče, “cemetery”)

Added to verbs to form nouns indicating locations.


-онка

-о́нка (canonical)
-ónka (romanization)
-о́нка (nominative singular)
-о́нки (nominative plural)
-о́нки (genitive singular)
-о́нок (genitive plural)
-о́нке (dative singular)
-о́нкам (dative plural)
-о́нку (accusative singular)
-о́нок (accusative plural)
-о́нки (accusative plural)
-о́нкой (instrumental singular)
-о́нкою (instrumental singular)
-о́нками (instrumental plural)
-о́нке (prepositional singular)
-о́нках (plural prepositional)

мужи́к (mužík, “man”) (usually pejorative) + -о́нка (-ónka) → мужичо́нка (mužičónka, “unimportant little man”) (pejorative)

соба́ка (sobáka, “dog”) + -о́нка (-ónka) → собачо́нка (sobačónka, “nasty little dog, stray dog”) (pejorative)

нога́ (nogá, “leg”) + -о́нка (-ónka) → ножо́нка (nožónka, “nasty leg”) (pejorative)

одёжа (odjóža, “clothing”) (colloquial, dated) + -о́нка (-ónka) → одежо́нка (odežónka, “nasty clothing”) (pejorative)

Alternative form of -ёнка (-jónka) (particularly after hushing consonants, including those caused by the Slavic first palatalization)


-ышко

-yško (romanization)
-ы́шко (nominative singular)
-ы́шки (irregular nominative plural)
-ы́шка (genitive singular)
-ы́шек (genitive plural)
-ы́шку (dative singular)
-ы́шкам (dative plural)
-ы́шко (accusative singular)
-ы́шки (accusative irregular plural)
-ы́шком (instrumental singular)
-ы́шками (instrumental plural)
-ы́шке (prepositional singular)
-ы́шках (plural prepositional)

го́рло (górlo, “throat”) + -ышко (-yško) → го́рлышко (górlyško, “small throat”)

крыло́ (kryló, “wing”) + -ышко (-yško) → кры́лышко (krýlyško, “small wing”)

перо́ (peró, “feather”) + -ышко (-yško) → пёрышко (pjóryško, “small feather”)

стекло́ (stekló, “glass”) + -ышко (-yško) → стёклышко (stjóklyško, “(small) piece of glass”)

зерно́ (zernó, “grain”) + -ышко (-yško) → зёрнышко (zjórnyško, “(small) kernel of grain”)

со́лнце (sólnce, “sun”) + -ышко (-yško) → со́лнышко (sólnyško, “small sun”)

дно (dno, “bottom”) + -ышко (-yško) → до́нышко (dónyško, “(small) bottom”)

Creates diminutives of neuter nouns, sometimes with a particularizing sense.


-бина

-би́на • (-bína)

-би́на (canonical)
-bína (romanization)
-би́на (nominative singular)
-би́ны (nominative plural)
-би́ны (genitive singular)
-би́н (genitive plural)
-би́не (dative singular)
-би́нам (dative plural)
-би́ну (accusative singular)
-би́ны (accusative plural)
-би́ной (instrumental singular)
-би́ною (instrumental singular)
-би́нами (instrumental plural)
-би́не (prepositional singular)
-би́нах (plural prepositional)

чужо́й (čužój, “foreign, alien”) + -би́на (-bína) → чужби́на (čužbína, “foreign country, foreign land”)

ложи́ться (ložítʹsja, “to lie”) + -би́на (-bína) → ложби́на (ložbína, “shallow ravine, depression”)

Added to verbs and adjectives to form nouns indicating locations (relatively uncommon suffix).


-ильный

-и́льный • (-ílʹnyj)

-и́льный (canonical)
-ílʹnyj (romanization)

кали́ть (kalítʹ, “to heat, to incandesce”) + -и́льный (-ílʹnyj) → кали́льный (kalílʹnyj, “glowing, incandescent”)

роди́ть (rodítʹ, “to give birth”) + -и́льный (-ílʹnyj) → роди́льный (rodílʹnyj, “(relational) childbirth”)

гла́дить (gláditʹ, “to iron”) + -и́льный (-ílʹnyj) → глади́льный (gladílʹnyj, “(relational) ironing”)

холоди́ть (xolodítʹ, “to cool, to make cold”) + -и́льный (-ílʹnyj) → холоди́льный (xolodílʹnyj, “(relational) refrigeration”)

суши́ть (sušítʹ, “to dry”) + -и́льный (-ílʹnyj) → суши́льный (sušílʹnyj, “(relational) drying”)

Used to form adjectives from verbs, especially those in -ить (-itʹ).


-анье

-а́нье (canonical)
-анье (canonical)
-ánʹje (romanization)
-anʹje (romanization)
-а́нье (nominative singular)
-анье (nominative singular)
-а́нья (nominative plural)
-анья (nominative plural)
-а́нья (genitive singular)
-анья (genitive singular)
-а́ний (genitive plural)
-аний (genitive plural)
-а́нью (dative singular)
-анью (dative singular)
-а́ньям (dative plural)
-аньям (dative plural)
-а́нье (accusative singular)
-анье (accusative singular)
-а́нья (accusative plural)
-анья (accusative plural)
-а́ньем (instrumental singular)
-аньем (instrumental singular)
-а́ньями (instrumental plural)
-аньями (instrumental plural)
-а́нье (prepositional singular)
-анье (prepositional singular)
-а́ньях (plural prepositional)
-аньях (plural prepositional)

купа́ть (kupátʹ, “to bathe”) + -а́нье (-ánʹje) → купа́нье (kupánʹje, “bathing”)

призна́ть (priznátʹ, “to recognize, to acknowledge, to declare”) + -а́нье (-ánʹje) → призна́нье (priznánʹje, “recognition, acknowledgment, declaration (obsolete or poetic)”)

жа́ловать (žálovatʹ, “to reward, to favor”) + -анье (-anʹje) → жа́лованье (žálovanʹje, “wages, salary, stipend”)

ды́хать (dýxatʹ, “to breathe”) + -а́нье (-ánʹje) → дыха́нье (dyxánʹje, “breath, breathing”)

Alternative form of -ание (-anije): -tion, -ence, -ance, -ity, etc. (suffix used to form abstract nouns from verbs; added especially to nouns ending in -ать (-atʹ))


-го

10-го сентября́ про́шлого года мы включи́ли устано́вку в пе́рвый раз.

On the 10th of September last year we turned the machine on for the first time.

10-vo sentjabrjá próšlovo goda my vključíli ustanóvku v pérvyj raz.

Affixed to the end of numerals to mean "in or on + (date)"


-яга

-я́га • (-jága) m anim or m inan or f anim or f inan

-я́га (canonical)
-jága (romanization)
-я́га (nominative singular)
-я́ги (nominative plural)
-я́ги (genitive singular)
-я́г (genitive plural)
-я́ге (dative singular)
-я́гам (dative plural)
-я́гу (accusative singular)
-я́ги (accusative plural)
-я́гой (instrumental singular)
-я́гою (instrumental singular)
-я́гами (instrumental plural)
-я́ге (prepositional singular)
-я́гах (plural prepositional)

бе́дный (bédnyj, “poor”) + -я́га (-jága) → бедня́га (bednjága, “poor little thing, wretch”)

броди́ть (brodítʹ, “to wander”) + -я́га (-jága) → бродя́га (brodjága, “tramp, vagabond”)

двор (dvor, “yard”) + -я́га (-jága) → дворня́га (dvornjága, “mutt, mongrel”)

рабо́тать (rabótatʹ, “to work”) + -я́га (-jága) → работя́га (rabotjága, “hard worker”)

Suffix forming nouns denoting a possessor of a certain quality, often intensifying, and usually colloquial or informal.

ве́тер (véter, “wind”) + -я́га (-jága) → ветря́га (vetrjága, “strong wind, storm”)

со́тня (sótnja, “hundred”) + -я́га (-jága) → сотня́га (sotnjága, “hundred ruble bill”)

чёрт (čort, “devil”) + -я́га (-jága) → чертя́га (čertjága, “damn devil”)

Suffix forming augmentatives or low colloquial forms of a noun.


-ушка

-ушка (canonical)
-у́шка (canonical)
-uška (romanization)
-úška (romanization)
-ушка (nominative singular)
-у́шка (nominative singular)
-ушки (nominative plural)
-у́шки (nominative plural)
-ушки (genitive singular)
-у́шки (genitive singular)
-ушек (genitive plural)
-у́шек (genitive plural)
-ушке (dative singular)
-у́шке (dative singular)
-ушкам (dative plural)
-у́шкам (dative plural)
-ушку (accusative singular)
-у́шку (accusative singular)
-ушки (accusative plural)
-у́шки (accusative plural)
-ушкой (instrumental singular)
-ушкою (instrumental singular)
-у́шкой (instrumental singular)
-у́шкою (instrumental singular)
-ушками (instrumental plural)
-у́шками (instrumental plural)
-ушке (prepositional singular)
-у́шке (prepositional singular)
-ушках (plural prepositional)
-у́шках (plural prepositional)

→ Armenian: -ուշկա (-uška)

Extracted from nouns with the suffix -уха (-uxa) + -ка (-ka) by rebracketing: стару́ха (starúxa) + ка (ka) → стару́шка (starúška) → стар (star) + -ушка (-uška).

коро́ва (koróva, “cow”) + -ушка (-uška) → коро́вушка (koróvuška, “small cow”)

река́ (reká, “river”) + -у́шка (-úška) → речу́шка (rečúška, “small river, rivulet”)

го́лубь (gólubʹ, “dove”) + -ушка (-uška) → голу́бушка (golúbuška, “my dear, darling (to a woman, colloquial)”)

ката́ть (katátʹ, “to roll”) + -у́шка (-úška) → кату́шка (katúška, “spool, bobbin, coil”)

верте́ть (vertétʹ, “to turn”) + -у́шка (-úška) → верту́шка (vertúška, “revolving door, turnstile; (engineering) rotator”)

лови́ть (lovítʹ, “to catch”) + -у́шка (-úška) → лову́шка (lovúška, “trap, snare”)

губно́й (gubnój, “lip (relational)”) + -у́шка (-úška) → губну́шка (gubnúška, “lipstick (colloquial)”)

два (dva, “two”) + -у́шка (-úška) → дву́шка (dvúška, “two-kopeck coin; two-bedroom apartment; bus, tram, etc. number two (colloquial)”)

(added to (normally feminine) nouns, forms diminutives, sometimes with a further change in meaning)

(added to verbs, forms instruments or tools)

(added to adjectives or numerals, forms colloquial nouns with the meaning of a carrier of the adjective's or numeral's properties)


-лка

-lka (romanization)
-лка (nominative singular)
-лки (nominative plural)
-лки (genitive singular)
-лок (genitive plural)
-лке (dative singular)
-лкам (dative plural)
-лку (accusative singular)
-лок (accusative plural)
-лки (accusative plural)
-лкой (instrumental singular)
-лкою (instrumental singular)
-лками (instrumental plural)
-лке (prepositional singular)
-лках (plural prepositional)

In the meaning of a tool or instrument, may originate from a combination of the Proto-Slavic tool suffix *-dlo (Russian -ло (-lo), e.g. мы́ло (mýlo, “soap”), ра́ло (rálo, “plow”), ши́ло (šílo, “awl”)) + the diminutive -ка (-ka).

меша́ть (mešátʹ, “to mix, to blend”) + -лка (-lka) → меша́лка (mešálka, “mixer, blender”)

ве́шать (véšatʹ, “to hang”) + -лка (-lka) → ве́шалка (véšalka, “coat hanger”)

горе́ть (gorétʹ, “to burn”) + -лка (-lka) → горе́лка (gorélka, “burner (on a stove, etc.); nozzle of a welding torch”)

моро́зить (morózitʹ, “to freeze”) + -лка (-lka) → морози́лка (morozílka, “freezer”)

копи́ть (kopítʹ, “to accumulate”) + -лка (-lka) → копи́лка (kopílka, “money box, piggy bank”)

греть (gretʹ, “to heat”) + -лка (-lka) → гре́лка (grélka, “hot water bottle”)

зажига́ть (zažigátʹ, “to set fire, to ignite”) + -лка (-lka) → зажига́лка (zažigálka, “cigarette lighter”)

дразни́ть (draznítʹ, “to tease”) + -лка (-lka) → дразни́лка (draznílka, “teasing rhyme; (film) teaser (colloquial)”)

-er (forms nouns denoting objects, generally tools or instruments, from verbs)


-яр

Usually denoting occupation or agent. Compare to -арь (-arʹ)


-ь

-ʹ (alternative)
-ь (nominative singular)
-ʹ (nominative singular)
-и (nominative plural)
-i (nominative plural)
-и (genitive singular)
-i (genitive singular)
-ей (genitive plural)
-и (dative singular)
-i (dative singular)
-ям (dative plural)
-ь (accusative singular)
-ʹ (accusative singular)
-и (accusative plural)
-i (accusative plural)
-ью (instrumental singular)
-ями (instrumental plural)
-и (prepositional singular)
-i (prepositional singular)
-ях (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Old East Slavic -ь (-ĭ), from Proto-Slavic *-ь.

связа́ть (svjazátʹ, “to tie, to bind”) + -ь (-ʹ) → связь (svjazʹ, “tie, bond”)

-речь (-rečʹ, “to speak”) (root рек- (rek-)) + -ь (-ʹ) → речь (rečʹ, “speech”)

записа́ть (zapisátʹ, “to write down”) + -ь (-ʹ) → за́пись (zápisʹ, “writing down, record”)

накипе́ть (nakipétʹ, “to form a scum”) + -ь (-ʹ) → на́кипь (nákipʹ, “scum”)

но́вый (nóvyj, “new”) + -ь (-ʹ) → новь (novʹ, “novelty; virgin, unplowed land”)

зелёный (zeljónyj, “green”) + -ь (-ʹ) → зе́лень (zélenʹ, “greenery, verdure”)

высо́кий (vysókij, “high”) (root выс- (vys-), cf. comparative вы́ше (výše)) + -ь (-ʹ) → высь (vysʹ, “height(s), high place”)

(forms nouns denoting objects or (usually) abstract concepts from verbs, or occasionally from adjectives)


-тие

-тие (canonical)
-тие ́ (canonical)
-tije (romanization)
-tijé (romanization)
-тие (nominative singular)
-тие́ (nominative singular)
-тия (nominative plural)
-тия́ (nominative plural)
-тия (genitive singular)
-тия́ (genitive singular)
-тий (genitive plural)
-ти́й (genitive plural)
-тию (dative singular)
-тию́ (dative singular)
-тиям (dative plural)
-тия́м (dative plural)
-тие (accusative singular)
-тие́ (accusative singular)
-тия (accusative plural)
-тия́ (accusative plural)
-тием (instrumental singular)
-тие́м (instrumental singular)
-тиями (instrumental plural)
-тия́ми (instrumental plural)
-тии (prepositional singular)
-тии́ (prepositional singular)
-тиях (plural prepositional)
-тия́х (plural prepositional)

отбы́ть (otbýtʹ, “to depart; to complete (a term, sentence, etc.)”) + -тие (-tije) → отбы́тие (otbýtije, “departure; completion (of a term, sentence, etc.)”)

отплы́ть (otplýtʹ, “to sail off”) + -тие (-tije) → отплы́тие (otplýtije, “sailing off, departure from shore”)

пожа́ть (požátʹ, “to press, to squeeze”) + -тие (-tije) → пожа́тие (požátije, “handshake, shrug”)

быть (bytʹ, “to be”) + -тие́ (-tijé) → бытие́ (bytijé, “existence (philosophy, stilted)”)

-tion, -ence, -ance, -ity, etc. (suffix used to form abstract nouns from verbs)


-очка

-očka (romanization)
-очка (nominative singular)
-очки (nominative plural)
-очки (genitive singular)
-очек (genitive plural)
-очке (dative singular)
-очкам (dative plural)
-очку (accusative singular)
-очек (accusative plural)
-очки (accusative plural)
-очкой (instrumental singular)
-очкою (instrumental singular)
-очками (instrumental plural)
-очке (prepositional singular)
-очках (plural prepositional)

Originally a double diminutive Proto-Slavic *-ъčьka formed from *-ъka + *-ьka. Related to -чка (-čka).

ва́нна (vánna, “bathtub”) + -очка (-očka) → ва́нночка (vánnočka, “small bathtub”)

звезда́ (zvezdá, “star”) + -очка (-očka) → звёздочка (zvjózdočka, “small star; asterisk; sprocket”)

ми́лый (mílyj, “dear”) + -очка (-očka) → ми́лочка (míločka, “my dear, darling (referring to a woman; pejorative)”)

сексапи́л (sɛksapíl, “sex appeal”) + -очка (-očka) → сексапи́лочка (sɛksapíločka, “sexy babe, sexy woman”) (slang, colloquial, obsolete)

(added to nouns and adjectives, forms colloquial nouns referring to women with endearing qualities)

-ечка — after the unpaired sibilants ш ж ч щ ц


-арь

-арь (canonical)
-а́рь (canonical)
-arʹ (romanization)
-árʹ (romanization)
-арь (nominative singular)
-ари (nominative plural)
-ари́ (nominative plural)
-аря (genitive singular)
-аря́ (genitive singular)
-арей (genitive plural)
-аре́й (genitive plural)
-арю (dative singular)
-арю́ (dative singular)
-арям (dative plural)
-аря́м (dative plural)
-аря (accusative singular)
-аря́ (accusative singular)
-арей (accusative plural)
-аре́й (accusative plural)
-арь (accusative singular)
-ари (accusative plural)
-ари́ (accusative plural)
-арем (instrumental singular)
-арём (instrumental singular)
-арями (instrumental plural)
-аря́ми (instrumental plural)
-аре (prepositional singular)
-аре́ (prepositional singular)
-арях (plural prepositional)
-аря́х (plural prepositional)
-арь (nominative singular)
-аря́ (irregular nominative plural)
-аря (genitive singular)
-аре́й (genitive plural)
-арю (dative singular)
-аря́м (dative plural)
-аря (accusative singular)
-аре́й (accusative plural)
-арь (accusative singular)
-аря́ (accusative irregular plural)
-арем (instrumental singular)
-аря́ми (instrumental plural)
-аре (prepositional singular)
-аря́х (plural prepositional)

апте́ка (aptéka, “pharmacy”) + -арь (-arʹ) → апте́карь (aptékarʹ, “pharmacist”)

бунт (bunt, “riot, mutiny”) + -а́рь (-árʹ) → бунта́рь (buntárʹ, “rebel”)

виногра́д (vinográd, “grapes (collective); vintage”) + -арь (-arʹ) → виногра́дарь (vinográdarʹ, “winegrower”)

очки́ (očkí, “glasses”) + -а́рь (-árʹ) → очка́рь (očkárʹ, “(colloquial, pejorative) four-eyes (person wearing glasses)”)

те́хника (téxnika, “engineering; technology; technique”) + -а́рь (-árʹ) → техна́рь (texnárʹ, “(colloquial) technician; student in a technical institute; athlete with technical virtuosity; technical defeat”)

сло́во (slóvo, “word”) + -а́рь (-árʹ) → слова́рь (slovárʹ, “dictionary”)

паха́ть (paxátʹ, “to plow”) + -арь (-arʹ) → па́харь (páxarʹ, “plowman”)

писа́ть (pisátʹ, “to write”) + -арь (-arʹ) → пи́сарь (písarʹ, “clerk; scribe”)

еба́ть (jebátʹ, “(vulgar) to fuck”) + -арь (-arʹ) → ёбарь (jóbarʹ, “(vulgar) fucker; stud; boyfriend, lover”)

ди́кий (díkij, “wild, savage”) + -а́рь (-árʹ) → дика́рь (dikárʹ, “savage”)

сухо́й (suxój, “dry”) + -арь (-arʹ) → суха́рь (suxárʹ, “piece of dried bread or similar (cracker, crouton, etc.); (colloquial) dried-up, boring person”)

тупо́й (tupój, “stupid”) + -а́рь (-árʹ) → тупа́рь (tupárʹ, “(colloquial) stupid person”)

Suffix added to nouns, verbs and adjectives to form masculine agent nouns, sometimes inanimate: -er, -or


-як

-я́к (canonical)
-ják (romanization)
-я́к (nominative singular)
-яки́ (nominative plural)
-яка́ (genitive singular)
-яко́в (genitive plural)
-яку́ (dative singular)
-яка́м (dative plural)
-яка́ (accusative singular)
-яко́в (accusative plural)
-я́к (accusative singular)
-яки́ (accusative plural)
-яко́м (instrumental singular)
-яка́ми (instrumental plural)
-яке́ (prepositional singular)
-яка́х (plural prepositional)

све́тлый (svétlyj, “light”) + -я́к (-ják) → светля́к (svetlják, “glowworm”)

бе́лый (bélyj, “white”) + -я́к (-ják) → беля́к (belják, “white hare”)

холосто́й (xolostój, “unmarried”) + -я́к (-ják) → холостя́к (xolostják, “unmarried man”)

до́брый (dóbryj, “good”) + -я́к (-ják) → добря́к (dobrják, “good-hearted man, kind soul”)

о́стрый (óstryj, “sharp”) + -я́к (-ják) → остря́к (ostrják, “witty person, wit”)

пусто́й (pustój, “empty, idle”) + -я́к (-ják) → пустя́к (pustják, “trifle”)

(added to adjectives) a being/thing with a given characteristic; often of a colloquial nature: -er

мышь (myšʹ, “mouse”) + -я́к (-ják) → мышья́к (myšʹják, “arsenic (from its use as a poison of mice)”)

кость (kostʹ, “bone”) + -я́к (-ják) → костя́к (kostják, “skeleton”)

suffix forming nouns of various meanings

земля́ (zemljá, “earth, land”) + -я́к (-ják) → земля́к (zemlják, “compatriot, countryman”)

Пермь (Permʹ, “Perm”) + -я́к (-ják) → пермя́к (permják, “Permian”)

Сиби́рь (Sibírʹ, “Siberia”) + -я́к (-ják) → сибиря́к (sibirják, “Siberian”)


-яние

-я́ние (canonical)
-яние (canonical)
-jánije (romanization)
-janije (romanization)
-я́ние (nominative singular)
-яние (nominative singular)
-я́ния (nominative plural)
-яния (nominative plural)
-я́ния (genitive singular)
-яния (genitive singular)
-я́ний (genitive plural)
-яний (genitive plural)
-я́нию (dative singular)
-янию (dative singular)
-я́ниям (dative plural)
-яниям (dative plural)
-я́ние (accusative singular)
-яние (accusative singular)
-я́ния (accusative plural)
-яния (accusative plural)
-я́нием (instrumental singular)
-янием (instrumental singular)
-я́ниями (instrumental plural)
-яниями (instrumental plural)
-я́нии (prepositional singular)
-янии (prepositional singular)
-я́ниях (plural prepositional)
-яниях (plural prepositional)

та́ять (tájatʹ, “to thaw”) + -яние (-janije) → та́яние (tájanije, “thawing”)

возлия́ть (vozlijátʹ, “to drink wine as a libation”) + -я́ние (-jánije) → возлия́ние (vozlijánije, “libation; drinking bout”)

валя́ть (valjátʹ, “to roll on a surface”) + -я́ние (-jánije) → валя́ние (valjánije, “rolling on a surface; fulling (cloth)”)

-tion, -ence, -ance, -ity, etc. (suffix used to form abstract nouns from verbs; added especially to verbs ending in -ять (-jatʹ); variant of -ание (-anije))


-овина

-ови́на (canonical)
-о́вина (canonical)
-ovína (romanization)
-óvina (romanization)
-ови́на (nominative singular)
-о́вина (nominative singular)
-ови́ны (nominative plural)
-о́вины (nominative plural)
-ови́ны (genitive singular)
-о́вины (genitive singular)
-ови́н (genitive plural)
-о́вин (genitive plural)
-ови́не (dative singular)
-о́вине (dative singular)
-ови́нам (dative plural)
-о́винам (dative plural)
-ови́ну (accusative singular)
-о́вину (accusative singular)
-ови́ны (accusative plural)
-о́вины (accusative plural)
-ови́ной (instrumental singular)
-ови́ною (instrumental singular)
-о́виной (instrumental singular)
-о́виною (instrumental singular)
-ови́нами (instrumental plural)
-о́винами (instrumental plural)
-ови́не (prepositional singular)
-о́вине (prepositional singular)
-ови́нах (plural prepositional)
-о́винах (plural prepositional)

Originally from -ина (-ina) added to adjectives ending in -овый (-ovyj) or -ово́й (-ovój); later extracted out as its own suffix.

кле́йкий (kléjkij, “sticky”) + -ови́на (-ovína) → клейкови́на (klejkovína, “gluten”)

пуп (pup, “navel”) + -ови́на (-ovína) → пупови́на (pupovína, “umbilical cord”)

шту́ка (štúka, “thing”) + -о́вина (-óvina) → штуко́вина (štukóvina, “thingamajig, widget (colloquial)”)

крест (krest, “cross”) + -ови́на (-ovína) → крестови́на (krestovína, “crosspiece”) (кресто́вый (krestóvyj) exists but refers not to crosses, but rather to crusades)

полу- (polu-, “half”) + -ови́на (-ovína) → полови́на (polovína, “half, moiety”)

котёл (kotjól, “cauldron”) (stem котл- (kotl-)) + -ови́на (-ovína) → котлови́на (kotlovína, “kettle, hollow”) (geology)

suffix appended to nouns, adjectives, etc. to form nouns of various sorts, generally referring to more specific objects than the base lemma


-анка

-а́нка • (-ánka)

-а́нка (canonical)
-ánka (romanization)
-а́нка (nominative singular)
-а́нки (nominative plural)
-а́нки (genitive singular)
-а́нок (genitive plural)
-а́нке (dative singular)
-а́нкам (dative plural)
-а́нку (accusative singular)
-а́нок (accusative plural)
-а́нки (accusative plural)
-а́нкой (instrumental singular)
-а́нкою (instrumental singular)
-а́нками (instrumental plural)
-а́нке (prepositional singular)
-а́нках (plural prepositional)

мх- (mx-, “moss”) + -а́нка (-ánka) → мша́нка (mšánka, “pearlwort; polyzoon”)

Alternative form of -я́нка (-jánka) (used after hushing consonants (ш ж ч щ) and ц)


-янка

-я́нка (canonical)
-jánka (romanization)
-я́нка (nominative singular)
-я́нки (nominative plural)
-я́нки (genitive singular)
-я́нок (genitive plural)
-я́нке (dative singular)
-я́нкам (dative plural)
-я́нку (accusative singular)
-я́нок (accusative plural)
-я́нки (accusative plural)
-я́нкой (instrumental singular)
-я́нкою (instrumental singular)
-я́нками (instrumental plural)
-я́нке (prepositional singular)
-я́нках (plural prepositional)

Originally from -ка (-ka) added to adjectives ending in -яный (-janyj) or -яно́й (-janój); later extracted out as its own suffix.

весна́ (vesná, “spring”) + -я́нка (-jánka) → весня́нка (vesnjánka, “spring song; stonefly”)

медь (medʹ, “copper”) + -я́нка (-jánka) → медя́нка (medjánka, “grass snake; verdigris”)

роса́ (rosá, “dew”) + -я́нка (-jánka) → рося́нка (rosjánka, “sundew”)

де́рево (dérevo, “tree”) + -я́нка (-jánka) → деревя́нка (derevjánka, “common tormentil”)

стекло́ (stekló, “glass”) (dialectal скло (sklo)) + -я́нка (-jánka) → скля́нка (skljánka, “vial, bottle”)

suffix appended to nouns to form related nouns of various sorts, both animate and inanimate, generally referring to more specific objects than the base lemma, often plants or animals


-евина

-еви́на (canonical)
-е́вина (canonical)
-evína (romanization)
-évina (romanization)
-еви́на (nominative singular)
-е́вина (nominative singular)
-еви́ны (nominative plural)
-е́вины (nominative plural)
-еви́ны (genitive singular)
-е́вины (genitive singular)
-еви́н (genitive plural)
-е́вин (genitive plural)
-еви́не (dative singular)
-е́вине (dative singular)
-еви́нам (dative plural)
-е́винам (dative plural)
-еви́ну (accusative singular)
-е́вину (accusative singular)
-еви́ны (accusative plural)
-е́вины (accusative plural)
-еви́ной (instrumental singular)
-еви́ною (instrumental singular)
-е́виной (instrumental singular)
-е́виною (instrumental singular)
-еви́нами (instrumental plural)
-е́винами (instrumental plural)
-еви́не (prepositional singular)
-е́вине (prepositional singular)
-еви́нах (plural prepositional)
-е́винах (plural prepositional)

клещ (klešč, “tick, mite”) + -еви́на (-evína) → клещеви́на (kleščevína, “castor oil plant, castor bean tree, palmcrist”)

-овина -овина#Russian

Alternative form of -овина (-ovina) (used after hushing consonants (ш ж ч щ) and ц)


-овик

-овик or -ови́к • (-ovik or -ovík) m inan or m anim

-овик (canonical)
-ови́к (canonical)
-ovik (romanization)
-ovík (romanization)
-овик (nominative singular)
-ови́к (nominative singular)
-овики (nominative plural)
-овики́ (nominative plural)
-овика (genitive singular)
-овика́ (genitive singular)
-овиков (genitive plural)
-овико́в (genitive plural)
-овику (dative singular)
-овику́ (dative singular)
-овикам (dative plural)
-овика́м (dative plural)
-овика (accusative singular)
-овика́ (accusative singular)
-овиков (accusative plural)
-овико́в (accusative plural)
-овик (accusative singular)
-ови́к (accusative singular)
-овики (accusative plural)
-овики́ (accusative plural)
-овиком (instrumental singular)
-овико́м (instrumental singular)
-овиками (instrumental plural)
-овика́ми (instrumental plural)
-овике (prepositional singular)
-овике́ (prepositional singular)
-овиках (plural prepositional)
-овика́х (plural prepositional)

Originally from -ик (-ik) added to adjectives ending in -овый (-ovyj) or -ово́й (-ovój); later extracted out as its own suffix.

suffix appended to nouns to form related nouns of various sorts, both animate and inanimate, generally referring to more specific objects than the base lemma


-евик

-евик or -еви́к • (-evik or -evík) m inan or m anim

-евик (canonical)
-еви́к (canonical)
-evik (romanization)
-evík (romanization)
-евик (nominative singular)
-еви́к (nominative singular)
-евики (nominative plural)
-евики́ (nominative plural)
-евика (genitive singular)
-евика́ (genitive singular)
-евиков (genitive plural)
-евико́в (genitive plural)
-евику (dative singular)
-евику́ (dative singular)
-евикам (dative plural)
-евика́м (dative plural)
-евика (accusative singular)
-евика́ (accusative singular)
-евиков (accusative plural)
-евико́в (accusative plural)
-евик (accusative singular)
-еви́к (accusative singular)
-евики (accusative plural)
-евики́ (accusative plural)
-евиком (instrumental singular)
-евико́м (instrumental singular)
-евиками (instrumental plural)
-евика́ми (instrumental plural)
-евике (prepositional singular)
-евике́ (prepositional singular)
-евиках (plural prepositional)
-евика́х (plural prepositional)

Originally from -ик (-ik) added to adjectives ending in -евый (-evyj) or -ево́й (-evój); later extracted out as its own suffix.

бо́льше (bólʹše, “bigger”) + -еви́к (-evík) → большеви́к (bolʹševík, “Bolshevik”, literally “someone in the majority”)

борщ (boršč, “(originally) hogweed”) + -еви́к (-evík) → борщеви́к (borščevík, “hogweed”)

змея́ (zmejá, “snake”) + -еви́к (-evík) → змееви́к (zmejevík, “serpentine”) (geology)

Alternative form of -овик (-ovik) (used after palatalized or formerly palatalized consonants)


-ой

-о́й (canonical)
-ój (romanization)
-о́й (masculine nominative)
-о́е (neuter nominative)
-а́я (feminine nominative)
-ы́е (nominative plural)
-о́го (genitive masculine neuter)
-о́й (feminine genitive)
-ы́х (genitive plural)
-о́му (dative masculine neuter)
-о́й (dative feminine)
-ы́м (dative plural)
-о́го (accusative animate masculine)
-о́е (accusative neuter)
-у́ю (accusative feminine)
-ы́х (accusative animate plural)
-о́й (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ы́е (accusative inanimate plural)
-ы́м (instrumental masculine neuter)
-о́й (feminine instrumental)
-о́ю (feminine instrumental)
-ы́ми (instrumental plural)
-о́м (masculine neuter prepositional)
-о́й (feminine prepositional)
-ы́х (plural prepositional)

ru-decl-adj

Declension of -ой

masculine nominative singular adjective ending


-ый

-yj (romanization)
-ый (masculine nominative)
-ое (neuter nominative)
-ая (feminine nominative)
-ые (nominative plural)
-ого (genitive masculine neuter)
-ой (feminine genitive)
-ых (genitive plural)
-ому (dative masculine neuter)
-ой (dative feminine)
-ым (dative plural)
-ого (accusative animate masculine)
-ое (accusative neuter)
-ую (accusative feminine)
-ых (accusative animate plural)
-ый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ые (accusative inanimate plural)
-ым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ой (feminine instrumental)
-ою (feminine instrumental)
-ыми (instrumental plural)
-ом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ой (feminine prepositional)
-ых (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъjь, with spelling imported from Church Slavonic; compare stressed -о́й (-ój).

masculine inanimate accusative singular adjective ending


-ый

-yj (romanization)
-ый (masculine nominative)
-ое (neuter nominative)
-ая (feminine nominative)
-ые (nominative plural)
-ого (genitive masculine neuter)
-ой (feminine genitive)
-ых (genitive plural)
-ому (dative masculine neuter)
-ой (dative feminine)
-ым (dative plural)
-ого (accusative animate masculine)
-ое (accusative neuter)
-ую (accusative feminine)
-ых (accusative animate plural)
-ый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ые (accusative inanimate plural)
-ым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ой (feminine instrumental)
-ою (feminine instrumental)
-ыми (instrumental plural)
-ом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ой (feminine prepositional)
-ых (plural prepositional)
-о (neuter short-form)
-а (feminine short-form)
-ы (plural short-form)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъjь; see above.

одно- (odno-, “one”) + глаз (glaz, “eye”) + -ый (-yj) → одногла́зый (odnoglázyj, “one-eyed”)

све́тлый (svétlyj, “light”) + во́лос (vólos, “hair”) + -ый (-yj) → светловоло́сый (svetlovolósyj, “light-haired”)

без- (bez-, “without”) + зуб (zub, “tooth”) + -ый (-yj) → беззу́бый (bezzúbyj, “toothless”, literally “no-toothed”)


-ьба

-ьба (canonical)
-ьба ́ (canonical)
-ʹba (romanization)
-ʹbá (romanization)
-ьба (nominative singular)
-ьба́ (nominative singular)
-ьбы (nominative plural)
-ьбы́ (nominative plural)
-ьбы (genitive singular)
-ьбы́ (genitive singular)
-еб (genitive plural)
-ёб (genitive plural)
-ьбе (dative singular)
-ьбе́ (dative singular)
-ьбам (dative plural)
-ьба́м (dative plural)
-ьбу (accusative singular)
-ьбу́ (accusative singular)
-ьбы (accusative plural)
-ьбы́ (accusative plural)
-ьбой (instrumental singular)
-ьбою (instrumental singular)
-ьбо́й (instrumental singular)
-ьбо́ю (instrumental singular)
-ьбами (instrumental plural)
-ьба́ми (instrumental plural)
-ьбе (prepositional singular)
-ьбе́ (prepositional singular)
-ьбах (plural prepositional)
-ьба́х (plural prepositional)

ходи́ть (xodítʹ) + -ьба́ (-ʹbá) → ходьба́ (xodʹbá)

-боро́ть (-borótʹ) + -ьба́ (-ʹbá) → борьба́ (borʹbá)

стреля́ть (streljátʹ) + -ьба́ (-ʹbá) → стрельба́ (strelʹbá)

сват (svat) + -ьба (-ʹba) → сва́дьба (svádʹba)

друг (drug) + -ба (-ba) → дру́жба (drúžba)


-ливый

-ливый (canonical)
-ли́вый (canonical)
-livyj (romanization)
-lívyj (romanization)
-ливый (masculine nominative)
-ли́вый (masculine nominative)
-ливое (neuter nominative)
-ли́вое (neuter nominative)
-ливая (feminine nominative)
-ли́вая (feminine nominative)
-ливые (nominative plural)
-ли́вые (nominative plural)
-ливого (genitive masculine neuter)
-ли́вого (genitive masculine neuter)
-ливой (feminine genitive)
-ли́вой (feminine genitive)
-ливых (genitive plural)
-ли́вых (genitive plural)
-ливому (dative masculine neuter)
-ли́вому (dative masculine neuter)
-ливой (dative feminine)
-ли́вой (dative feminine)
-ливым (dative plural)
-ли́вым (dative plural)
-ливого (accusative animate masculine)
-ли́вого (accusative animate masculine)
-ливое (accusative neuter)
-ли́вое (accusative neuter)
-ливую (accusative feminine)
-ли́вую (accusative feminine)
-ливых (accusative animate plural)
-ли́вых (accusative animate plural)
-ливый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ли́вый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ливые (accusative inanimate plural)
-ли́вые (accusative inanimate plural)
-ливым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ли́вым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ливой (feminine instrumental)
-ливою (feminine instrumental)
-ли́вой (feminine instrumental)
-ли́вою (feminine instrumental)
-ливыми (instrumental plural)
-ли́выми (instrumental plural)
-ливом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ли́вом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ливой (feminine prepositional)
-ли́вой (feminine prepositional)
-ливых (plural prepositional)
-ли́вых (plural prepositional)
-лив (masculine short-form)
-ли́в (masculine short-form)
-ливо (neuter short-form)
-ли́во (neuter short-form)
-лива (feminine short-form)
-ли́ва (feminine short-form)
-ливы (plural short-form)
-ли́вы (plural short-form)

-ливый,-ли́вый

Probably rebracketed from -ивый (-ivyj) following roots ending in л. Cognate with Belarusian -лі́вы (-lívy). See also -чивый (-čivyj) (presumably rebracketed from roots ending in к or ч).

сон (son, “sleep”) + -ли́вый (-lívyj) → сонли́вый (sonlívyj, “sleepy”)

трус (trus, “coward”) + -ли́вый (-lívyj) → трусли́вый (truslívyj, “cowardly”)

незада́ча (nezadáča, “bad luck”) + -ливый (-livyj) → незада́чливый (nezadáčlivyj, “unlucky”)

крик (krik, “cry, scream, yell”) + -ли́вый (-lívyj) → крикли́вый (kriklívyj, “loud, piercing; prone to scream”)

сумато́ха (sumatóxa, “bustle”) + -ливый (-livyj) → сумато́шливый (sumatóšlivyj, “bustling, hectic”)

терпе́ть (terpétʹ, “to tolerate, to endure”) + -ли́вый (-lívyj) → терпели́вый (terpelívyj, “patient, enduring”)

услужи́ть (uslužítʹ, “to do a service for”) + -ливый (-livyj) → услу́жливый (uslúžlivyj, “helpful”)

пода́ться (podátʹsja, “to move under pressure, to yield”) + -ливый (-livyj) → пода́тливый (podátlivyj, “pliant, pliable”)

ворча́ть (vorčátʹ, “to grumble, to complain”) + -ли́вый (-lívyj) → ворчли́вый (vorčlívyj, “grumpy”)

-y, -ous, etc. (Used to form adjectives from nouns and verbs, with the meaning "having the characteristic of X".)


-ня

-nja (romanization)
paroxytone (romanization)
-ня (nominative singular)
-ни (nominative plural)
-ни (genitive singular)
-ен (genitive plural)
-не (dative singular)
-ням (dative plural)
-ню (accusative singular)
-ен (accusative plural)
-ни (accusative plural)
-ней (instrumental singular)
-нею (instrumental singular)
-нями (instrumental plural)
-не (prepositional singular)
-нях (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьňa, from *-ьnъ + *-ja.

ко́локол (kólokol, “bell”) + -ня (-nja) → колоко́льня (kolokólʹnja, “bell tower”)

печа́тать (pečátatʹ, “to print”) + -ня (-nja) → печа́тня (pečátnja, “printing house”)

ве́чер (véčer, “evening”) + -ня (-nja) → вече́рня (večérnja, “vespers”)

цирю́льник (cirjúlʹnik, “barber”) + -ня (-nja) → цирю́льня (cirjúlʹnja, “barbershop”)

дегтя́рь (degtjárʹ, “tar worker”) + -ня (-nja) → дегтя́рня (degtjárnja, “tar works, where tar is extracted”)

forms nouns denoting the place where an occupation or office is performed

(archaic) forms nouns denoting amassment

forms nouns denoting material objects taking their shape from a particular application on them

сто (sto, “hundred”) + -ня (-nja) → со́тня (sótnja, “a military unit of hundred”)

forms nouns denoting amassment
forms nouns for groups of people

двор (dvor, “homestead, court”) + -ня (-nja) → дво́рня (dvórnja, “servants”)


-ня

ня́ (canonical)
njá (romanization)
oxytone (romanization)
-ня́ (nominative singular)
-ни́ (nominative plural)
-ни́ (genitive singular)
-не́й (genitive plural)
-не́ (dative singular)
-ня́м (dative plural)
-ню́ (accusative singular)
-не́й (accusative plural)
-ни́ (accusative plural)
-нёй (instrumental singular)
-нёю (instrumental singular)
-ня́ми (instrumental plural)
-не́ (prepositional singular)
-ня́х (plural prepositional)

ре́зать (rézatʹ, “to cut”) + -ня́ (-njá) → резня́ (reznjá, “massacre”)

шепта́ть (šeptátʹ, “to whisper”) + -ня́ (-njá) → шепотня́ (šepotnjá, “whispering”)

forms nouns denoting an over-repetitive action

лы́жа (lýža, “ski”) + -ня́ (-njá) → лыжня́ (lyžnjá, “ski trail”)

рука́ (ruká, “hand”) + -ня́ (-njá) → ручня́ (ručnjá, “sheaf, fistful”)

голова́ (golová, “head”) + -ня́ (-njá) → головня́ (golovnjá, “brand, piece of wood burnt till only the head is left”)

алка́ш (alkáš, “alkie”) + -ня́ (-njá) → алкашня́ (alkašnjá, “alkies”)

ребя́та (rebjáta, “children”) + -ня́ (-njá) → ребятня́ (rebjatnjá, “brats”)

forms nouns denoting amassment
(rude) forms nouns for groups of people


-ёж

head

-ёж • (-jóž)

-jóž (romanization)
-ёж (nominative singular)
-ежи́ (nominative plural)
-ежа́ (genitive singular)
-еже́й (genitive plural)
-ежу́ (dative singular)
-ежа́м (dative plural)
-ёж (accusative singular)
-ежи́ (accusative plural)
-ежо́м (instrumental singular)
-ежа́ми (instrumental plural)
-еже́ (prepositional singular)
-ежа́х (plural prepositional)

гра́бить (grábitʹ, “to rob”) + -ёж (-jóž) → грабёж (grabjóž, “robbery”)

плати́ть (platítʹ, “to pay”) + -ёж (-jóž) → платёж (platjóž, “payment”)

галде́ть (galdétʹ, “to make a racket”) (colloquial) + -ёж (-jóž) → галдёж (galdjóž, “clatter, racket, din”) (colloquial)

мухл(ева́ть) (muxl(evátʹ), “to cheat (in games)”) (colloquial) + -ёж (-jóž) → мухлёж (muxljóž, “cheating (in games)”) (colloquial)

пизде́ть (pizdétʹ, “to lie, to bullshit”) (vulgar) + -ёж (-jóž) → пиздёж (pizdjóž, “bullshit”) (vulgar)

Suffix forming abstract nouns from verbs. Many such nouns are distinctly colloquial.


-астый

-а́стый • (-ástyj)

-а́стый (canonical)
-ástyj (romanization)
-а́стый (masculine nominative)
-а́стое (neuter nominative)
-а́стая (feminine nominative)
-а́стые (nominative plural)
-а́стого (genitive masculine neuter)
-а́стой (feminine genitive)
-а́стых (genitive plural)
-а́стому (dative masculine neuter)
-а́стой (dative feminine)
-а́стым (dative plural)
-а́стого (accusative animate masculine)
-а́стое (accusative neuter)
-а́стую (accusative feminine)
-а́стых (accusative animate plural)
-а́стый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-а́стые (accusative inanimate plural)
-а́стым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-а́стой (feminine instrumental)
-а́стою (feminine instrumental)
-а́стыми (instrumental plural)
-а́стом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-а́стой (feminine prepositional)
-а́стых (plural prepositional)
-а́ст (masculine short-form)
-а́сто (neuter short-form)
-а́ста (feminine short-form)
-а́сты (plural short-form)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-atъ / *-astъ.

зуб (zub, “tooth”) + -а́стый (-ástyj) → зуба́стый (zubástyj, “toothy”)

грудь (grudʹ, “breast, bosom”) + -а́стый (-ástyj) → груда́стый (grudástyj, “busty”)

ко́рень (kórenʹ, “root”) + -а́стый (-ástyj) → корена́стый (korenástyj, “with strong roots (of a tree); thickset, stocky”)

блоха́ (bloxá, “flea”) + -а́стый (-ástyj) → блоха́стый (bloxástyj, “flea-ridden”)

adjective-forming suffix, added to nouns (especially body parts), indicating having the property of that noun to a large extent


-кий

-kij (romanization)
-кий (masculine nominative)
-кое (neuter nominative)
-кая (feminine nominative)
-кие (nominative plural)
-кого (genitive masculine neuter)
-кой (feminine genitive)
-ких (genitive plural)
-кому (dative masculine neuter)
-кой (dative feminine)
-ким (dative plural)
-кого (accusative animate masculine)
-кое (accusative neuter)
-кую (accusative feminine)
-ких (accusative animate plural)
-кий (accusative inanimate masculine)
-кие (accusative inanimate plural)
-ким (instrumental masculine neuter)
-кой (feminine instrumental)
-кою (feminine instrumental)
-кими (instrumental plural)
-ком (masculine neuter prepositional)
-кой (feminine prepositional)
-ких (plural prepositional)
-к (masculine short-form)
-ко (neuter short-form)
-ка́ (feminine short-form)
-ки́ (plural short-form)
-ки (plural short-form)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьkъ, *-ъkъ, *-kъ?

-цепи́ть (-cepítʹ, “to catch, to grasp”) + -кий (-kij) → це́пкий (cépkij, “prehensile; tenacious”)

лома́ть (lomátʹ, “to break”) + -кий (-kij) → ло́мкий (lómkij, “brittle, breakable”)

дерза́ть (derzátʹ, “to dare”) + -кий (-kij) → де́рзкий (dérzkij, “daring, audacious; brazen, impertinent”)

вес (ves, “weight”) + -кий (-kij) → ве́ский (véskij, “weighty, heavy; significant”)

гул (gul, “boom, rumble”) + -кий (-kij) → гу́лкий (gúlkij, “booming, resonant”)

-y, -ous: Used to form qualitative adjectives from verbs and nouns, with the meaning "having the characteristic of X".

у́зкий (úzkij, “narrow, tight”) (compare у́зость (úzostʹ, “narrowness”))

кре́пкий (krépkij, “strong, sturdy”) (compare кре́пость (krépostʹ, “strength”), крепи́ть (krepítʹ, “to strengthen”))

широ́кий (širókij, “wide, broad, extensive”) (compare широта́ (širotá, “width, extent”))

далёкий (daljókij, “far; clever”) (compare да́лее (dáleje, “farther”), да́льний (dálʹnij, “far, remote”))

Used to form primary qualitative adjectives from adjectival roots, which often occur without the suffix in related words.


-евский

-евский or -е́вский • (-evskij or -évskij)

-евский (canonical)
-е́вский (canonical)
-evskij (romanization)
-évskij (romanization)
-евский (masculine nominative)
-е́вский (masculine nominative)
-евское (neuter nominative)
-е́вское (neuter nominative)
-евская (feminine nominative)
-е́вская (feminine nominative)
-евские (nominative plural)
-е́вские (nominative plural)
-евского (genitive masculine neuter)
-е́вского (genitive masculine neuter)
-евской (feminine genitive)
-е́вской (feminine genitive)
-евских (genitive plural)
-е́вских (genitive plural)
-евскому (dative masculine neuter)
-е́вскому (dative masculine neuter)
-евской (dative feminine)
-е́вской (dative feminine)
-евским (dative plural)
-е́вским (dative plural)
-евского (accusative animate masculine)
-е́вского (accusative animate masculine)
-евское (accusative neuter)
-е́вское (accusative neuter)
-евскую (accusative feminine)
-е́вскую (accusative feminine)
-евских (accusative animate plural)
-е́вских (accusative animate plural)
-евский (accusative inanimate masculine)
-е́вский (accusative inanimate masculine)
-евские (accusative inanimate plural)
-е́вские (accusative inanimate plural)
-евским (instrumental masculine neuter)
-е́вским (instrumental masculine neuter)
-евской (feminine instrumental)
-евскою (feminine instrumental)
-е́вской (feminine instrumental)
-е́вскою (feminine instrumental)
-евскими (instrumental plural)
-е́вскими (instrumental plural)
-евском (masculine neuter prepositional)
-е́вском (masculine neuter prepositional)
-евской (feminine prepositional)
-е́вской (feminine prepositional)
-евских (plural prepositional)
-е́вских (plural prepositional)

ru-decl-adj

-евский,-е́вский

Го́голь (Gógolʹ, “Gogol”) + -евский (-evskij) → го́голевский (gógolevskij, “Gogol (relational)”)

Но́бель (Nóbelʹ, “Nobel”) + -евский (-evskij) → но́белевский (nóbelevskij, “Nobel (relational)”)

Гео́ргий (Geórgij, “George”) + -евский (-evskij) → гео́ргиевский (geórgijevskij, “Saint George's”)

коро́ль (korólʹ, “king”) + -е́вский (-évskij) → короле́вский (korolévskij, “royal”)

Adjectival suffix forming nouns meaning "related to X"; variant of -ский (-skij)


-онький

-onʹkij (romanization)
-онький (masculine nominative)
-онькое (neuter nominative)
-онькая (feminine nominative)
-онькие (nominative plural)
-онького (genitive masculine neuter)
-онькой (feminine genitive)
-оньких (genitive plural)
-онькому (dative masculine neuter)
-онькой (dative feminine)
-оньким (dative plural)
-онького (accusative animate masculine)
-онькое (accusative neuter)
-онькую (accusative feminine)
-оньких (accusative animate plural)
-онький (accusative inanimate masculine)
-онькие (accusative inanimate plural)
-оньким (instrumental masculine neuter)
-онькой (feminine instrumental)
-онькою (feminine instrumental)
-онькими (instrumental plural)
-оньком (masculine neuter prepositional)
-онькой (feminine prepositional)
-оньких (plural prepositional)

сухо́й (suxój, “dry”) + -онький (-onʹkij) → су́хонький (súxonʹkij, “nice and dry”)

широ́кий (širókij, “wide”) + -онький (-onʹkij) → широ́конький (širókonʹkij, “very wide”)

suffix used to form diminutive adjectives from other adjectives; often the diminutive meaning is lost, or an intensifying meaning is imparted


-цкий

-ckij (romanization)
-цкий (masculine nominative)
-цкое (neuter nominative)
-цкая (feminine nominative)
-цкие (nominative plural)
-цкого (genitive masculine neuter)
-цкой (feminine genitive)
-цких (genitive plural)
-цкому (dative masculine neuter)
-цкой (dative feminine)
-цким (dative plural)
-цкого (accusative animate masculine)
-цкое (accusative neuter)
-цкую (accusative feminine)
-цких (accusative animate plural)
-цкий (accusative inanimate masculine)
-цкие (accusative inanimate plural)
-цким (instrumental masculine neuter)
-цкой (feminine instrumental)
-цкою (feminine instrumental)
-цкими (instrumental plural)
-цком (masculine neuter prepositional)
-цкой (feminine prepositional)
-цких (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Old East Slavic -чьскъ with assimilation -чс- > -ц-. See -ский (-skij).

рыба́к (rybák, “fisherman”) + -цкий (-ckij) → рыба́цкий (rybáckij, “fisherman's; fishing (relational)”)

не́мец (némec, “German (person)”) + -цкий (-ckij) → неме́цкий (neméckij, “German”)

Тро́ица (Tróica, “Trinity”) + -цкий (-ckij) → тро́ицкий (tróickij, “Trinity (relational)”)


-инский

head

-инский or -и́нский • (-inskij or -ínskij)

-инский (canonical)
-и́нский (canonical)
-inskij (romanization)
-ínskij (romanization)
-инский (masculine nominative)
-и́нский (masculine nominative)
-инское (neuter nominative)
-и́нское (neuter nominative)
-инская (feminine nominative)
-и́нская (feminine nominative)
-инские (nominative plural)
-и́нские (nominative plural)
-инского (genitive masculine neuter)
-и́нского (genitive masculine neuter)
-инской (feminine genitive)
-и́нской (feminine genitive)
-инских (genitive plural)
-и́нских (genitive plural)
-инскому (dative masculine neuter)
-и́нскому (dative masculine neuter)
-инской (dative feminine)
-и́нской (dative feminine)
-инским (dative plural)
-и́нским (dative plural)
-инского (accusative animate masculine)
-и́нского (accusative animate masculine)
-инское (accusative neuter)
-и́нское (accusative neuter)
-инскую (accusative feminine)
-и́нскую (accusative feminine)
-инских (accusative animate plural)
-и́нских (accusative animate plural)
-инский (accusative inanimate masculine)
-и́нский (accusative inanimate masculine)
-инские (accusative inanimate plural)
-и́нские (accusative inanimate plural)
-инским (instrumental masculine neuter)
-и́нским (instrumental masculine neuter)
-инской (feminine instrumental)
-инскою (feminine instrumental)
-и́нской (feminine instrumental)
-и́нскою (feminine instrumental)
-инскими (instrumental plural)
-и́нскими (instrumental plural)
-инском (masculine neuter prepositional)
-и́нском (masculine neuter prepositional)
-инской (feminine prepositional)
-и́нской (feminine prepositional)
-инских (plural prepositional)
-и́нских (plural prepositional)

ru-decl-adj

-инский,-и́нский

Ку́ба (Kúba, “Cuba”) + -и́нский (-ínskij) → куби́нский (kubínskij, “Cuban”)

Сатана́ (Sataná, “Satan”) + -и́нский (-ínskij) → сатани́нский (satanínskij, “satanic”)

Екатери́на (Jekaterína, “Catherine”) + -инский (-inskij) → екатери́нинский (jekateríninskij, “Catherine's”)

сестра́ (sestrá, “sister”) + -инский (-inskij) → се́стринский (séstrinskij, “sisterly”)


-ятор

-я́тор (canonical)
-játor (romanization)
-я́тор (nominative singular)
-я́торы (nominative plural)
-я́тора (genitive singular)
-я́торов (genitive plural)
-я́тору (dative singular)
-я́торам (dative plural)
-я́тора (accusative singular)
-я́торов (accusative plural)
-я́тор (accusative singular)
-я́торы (accusative plural)
-я́тором (instrumental singular)
-я́торами (instrumental plural)
-я́торе (prepositional singular)
-я́торах (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from Latin -ātor; see -а́тор (-átor).

манипули́ровать (manipulírovatʹ, “to manipulate”) + -ятор (-jator) → манипуля́тор (manipuljátor, “manipulator (animate and inanimate)”)

-и́ровать -ировать#Russian

-ирова́ть -ировать#Russian

-ова́ть -овать#Russian

Suffix used to form agent nouns (both animate and inanimate) from verbs in -и́ровать (-írovatʹ), -ирова́ть (-irovátʹ) and -ова́ть (-ovátʹ) whose stem ends in -л (-l): -ator, -er


-ество

head

-ество or -ество́ • (-estvo or -estvó) n

-ество (canonical)
-ество ́ (canonical)
-estvo (romanization)
-estvó (romanization)
-ество (nominative singular)
-ество́ (nominative singular)
-ества (nominative plural)
-ества́ (nominative plural)
-ества (genitive singular)
-ества́ (genitive singular)
-еств (genitive plural)
-е́ств (genitive plural)
-еству (dative singular)
-еству́ (dative singular)
-ествам (dative plural)
-ества́м (dative plural)
-ество (accusative singular)
-ество́ (accusative singular)
-ества (accusative plural)
-ества́ (accusative plural)
-еством (instrumental singular)
-ество́м (instrumental singular)
-ествами (instrumental plural)
-ества́ми (instrumental plural)
-естве (prepositional singular)
-естве́ (prepositional singular)
-ествах (plural prepositional)
-ества́х (plural prepositional)
-ество (dated nominative singular)
-ество́ (dated nominative singular)
-ества (dated nominative plural)
-ества́ (dated nominative plural)
-ества (dated genitive singular)
-ества́ (dated genitive singular)
-ествъ (dated genitive plural)
-е́ствъ (dated genitive plural)
-еству (dated dative singular)
-еству́ (dated dative singular)
-ествамъ (dated dative plural)
-ества́мъ (dated dative plural)
-ество (accusative dated singular)
-ество́ (accusative dated singular)
-ества (accusative dated plural)
-ества́ (accusative dated plural)
-ествомъ (dated instrumental singular)
-ество́мъ (dated instrumental singular)
-ествами (dated instrumental plural)
-ества́ми (dated instrumental plural)
-ествѣ (dated prepositional singular)
-ествѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)
-ествахъ (dated plural prepositional)
-ества́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

мона́х (monáx, “monk”) + -ество (-estvo) → мона́шество (monášestvo, “monkhood, monasticism”)

одино́кий (odinókij, “lonely, solitary”) + -ество (-estvo) → одино́чество (odinóčestvo, “loneliness, solitude”)

мно́го (mnógo, “many”) + -ество (-estvo) → мно́жество (mnóžestvo, “multitude”)

деви́ца (devíca, “girl”) + -ество (-estvo) → деви́чество (devíčestvo, “girlhood”)

князь (knjazʹ, “duke”) + -ество (-estvo) → кня́жество (knjážestvo, “duchy”)

вещь (veščʹ, “thing”) + -ество́ (-estvó) → вещество́ (veščestvó, “substance, matter”)

бо́жий (bóžij, “divine”) + -ество́ (-estvó) → божество́ (božestvó, “deity, divinity”)

пра́здный (prázdnyj, “idle”) + -ество (-estvo) → пра́зднество (prázdnestvo, “festivity, celebration”) (originally "idleness")

есть (jestʹ, “there is”) + -ество́ (-estvó) → естество́ (jestestvó, “nature, essence”)

suffix appended to nouns and adjectives to create a neuter noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, quality or state: -hood, -ness, -ity


-шество

-шество or -шество́ • (-šestvo or -šestvó) n

-шество (canonical)
-шество ́ (canonical)
-šestvo (romanization)
-šestvó (romanization)
-шество (nominative singular)
-шество́ (nominative singular)
-шества (nominative plural)
-шества́ (nominative plural)
-шества (genitive singular)
-шества́ (genitive singular)
-шеств (genitive plural)
-ше́ств (genitive plural)
-шеству (dative singular)
-шеству́ (dative singular)
-шествам (dative plural)
-шества́м (dative plural)
-шество (accusative singular)
-шество́ (accusative singular)
-шества (accusative plural)
-шества́ (accusative plural)
-шеством (instrumental singular)
-шество́м (instrumental singular)
-шествами (instrumental plural)
-шества́ми (instrumental plural)
-шестве (prepositional singular)
-шестве́ (prepositional singular)
-шествах (plural prepositional)
-шества́х (plural prepositional)
-шество (dated nominative singular)
-шество́ (dated nominative singular)
-шества (dated nominative plural)
-шества́ (dated nominative plural)
-шества (dated genitive singular)
-шества́ (dated genitive singular)
-шествъ (dated genitive plural)
-ше́ствъ (dated genitive plural)
-шеству (dated dative singular)
-шеству́ (dated dative singular)
-шествамъ (dated dative plural)
-шества́мъ (dated dative plural)
-шество (accusative dated singular)
-шество́ (accusative dated singular)
-шества (accusative dated plural)
-шества́ (accusative dated plural)
-шествомъ (dated instrumental singular)
-шество́мъ (dated instrumental singular)
-шествами (dated instrumental plural)
-шества́ми (dated instrumental plural)
-шествѣ (dated prepositional singular)
-шествѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)
-шествахъ (dated plural prepositional)
-шества́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

Rebracketed from Proto-Slavic *-ьstvo following roots ending in х and ш.

но́вый (nóvyj, “new”) + -шество (-šestvo) → но́вшество (nóvšestvo, “innovation, novelty”)

пир (pir, “feast, banquet”) + -шество (-šestvo) → пи́ршество (píršestvo, “revelry”)

Alternative form of -ство (-stvo): -hood, -ness, -ity


-няк

-ня́к (canonical)
-nják (romanization)
-ня́к (nominative singular)
-няки́ (nominative plural)
-няка́ (genitive singular)
-няко́в (genitive plural)
-няку́ (dative singular)
-няка́м (dative plural)
-няка́ (accusative singular)
-няко́в (accusative plural)
-ня́к (accusative singular)
-няки́ (accusative plural)
-няко́м (instrumental singular)
-няка́ми (instrumental plural)
-няке́ (prepositional singular)
-няка́х (plural prepositional)

Rebracketed from -я́к (-ják) following adjectives ending in -ный (-nyj); compare горня́к (gornják, “miner”) from го́рный (górnyj, “mining (relational)”).

середа́ (seredá, “middle”) + -ня́к (-nják) → середня́к (serednják, “peasant of moderate means (Soviet Union)”)

молодо́й (molodój, “young”) + -ня́к (-nják) → молодня́к (molodnják, “young animals, saplings, youngsters (collective)”)

и́звесть (ízvestʹ, “lime”) + -ня́к (-nják) → известня́к (izvestnják, “limestone”)

берёза (berjóza, “birch”) + -ня́к (-nják) → березня́к (bereznják, “birch forest”)

suffix usually denoting a person with a given characteristic, or forming inanimate nouns of various meanings; often of a colloquial nature


-ивый

-и́вый (canonical)
-ивый (canonical)
-ívyj (romanization)
-ivyj (romanization)
-и́вый (masculine nominative)
-ивый (masculine nominative)
-и́вое (neuter nominative)
-ивое (neuter nominative)
-и́вая (feminine nominative)
-ивая (feminine nominative)
-и́вые (nominative plural)
-ивые (nominative plural)
-и́вого (genitive masculine neuter)
-ивого (genitive masculine neuter)
-и́вой (feminine genitive)
-ивой (feminine genitive)
-и́вых (genitive plural)
-ивых (genitive plural)
-и́вому (dative masculine neuter)
-ивому (dative masculine neuter)
-и́вой (dative feminine)
-ивой (dative feminine)
-и́вым (dative plural)
-ивым (dative plural)
-и́вого (accusative animate masculine)
-ивого (accusative animate masculine)
-и́вое (accusative neuter)
-ивое (accusative neuter)
-и́вую (accusative feminine)
-ивую (accusative feminine)
-и́вых (accusative animate plural)
-ивых (accusative animate plural)
-и́вый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ивый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-и́вые (accusative inanimate plural)
-ивые (accusative inanimate plural)
-и́вым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ивым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-и́вой (feminine instrumental)
-и́вою (feminine instrumental)
-ивой (feminine instrumental)
-ивою (feminine instrumental)
-и́выми (instrumental plural)
-ивыми (instrumental plural)
-и́вом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ивом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-и́вой (feminine prepositional)
-ивой (feminine prepositional)
-и́вых (plural prepositional)
-ивых (plural prepositional)
-и́в (masculine short-form)
-ив (masculine short-form)
-и́во (neuter short-form)
-иво (neuter short-form)
-и́ва (feminine short-form)
-ива (feminine short-form)
-и́вы (plural short-form)
-ивы (plural short-form)

ru-decl-adj

-и́вый,-ивый

краса́ (krasá, “beauty”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → краси́вый (krasívyj, “beautiful”)

пра́вда (právda, “truth”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → правди́вый (pravdívyj, “truthful”)

ложь (ložʹ, “lie”) or лгать (lgatʹ, “to lie”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → лжи́вый (lžívyj, “lying, false”)

льстить (lʹstitʹ, “to flatter”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → льсти́вый (lʹstívyj, “flattering”)

игра́ть (igrátʹ, “to play”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → игри́вый (igrívyj, “playful”)

ми́лость (mílostʹ, “mercy”) + -ивый (-ivyj) → ми́лостивый (mílostivyj, “merciful (dated)”)

ре́вн(ость) (révn(ostʹ), “jealousy”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → ревни́вый (revnívyj, “jealous”)

вошь (vošʹ, “louse”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → вши́вый (všívyj, “lousy”)

плешь (plešʹ, “bald spot”) + -и́вый (-ívyj) → плеши́вый (plešívyj, “bald”)


-жды

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic -жды (-ždy), from Old Church Slavonic шьды (šĭdy), from Proto-Slavic *šьdъ. Compare with Russian шедший (šedšij) and шедши (šedši), forms of идти (idti).

bor+

одна́жды

два́жды

три́жды

четы́режды

еди́ножды

мно́гажды

ещежды

е́жежды

два́жды два — четы́ре ― dváždy dva — četýre ― two times two equals four


кни́га (kníga, “book”) + -∅ → книг (knig, “…of [the] books”)

ме́сто (mésto, “place”) + -∅ → мест (mest, “…of [the] places”)

Indicates the genitive plural of first-declension and neuter second-declension nouns:


-иха

-и́ха (canonical)
-иха (canonical)
-íxa (romanization)
-ixa (romanization)
-и́ха (nominative singular)
-иха (nominative singular)
-и́хи (nominative plural)
-ихи (nominative plural)
-и́хи (genitive singular)
-ихи (genitive singular)
-и́х (genitive plural)
-их (genitive plural)
-и́хе (dative singular)
-ихе (dative singular)
-и́хам (dative plural)
-ихам (dative plural)
-и́ху (accusative singular)
-иху (accusative singular)
-и́х (accusative plural)
-их (accusative plural)
-и́хи (accusative plural)
-ихи (accusative plural)
-и́хой (instrumental singular)
-и́хою (instrumental singular)
-ихой (instrumental singular)
-ихою (instrumental singular)
-и́хами (instrumental plural)
-ихами (instrumental plural)
-и́хе (prepositional singular)
-ихе (prepositional singular)
-и́хах (plural prepositional)
-ихах (plural prepositional)

бобр (bobr, “beaver”) + -иха (-ixa) → бобри́ха (bobríxa, “female beaver”)

бегемо́т (begemót, “hippopotamus”) → бегемо́тиха (begemótixa, “female hippopotamus”)

барсу́к (barsúk, “badger”) → барсучи́ха (barsučíxa, “female badger”)

за́яц (zájac, “hare”) (oblique stem зайц- (zajc-)) → зайчи́ха (zajčíxa, “female hare”)

ёж (jož, “hedgehog”) → ежи́ха (ježíxa, “female hedgehog”)

Forms nouns referring to feminine animals.

врач (vrač, “doctor”) → врачи́ха (vračíxa, “female doctor (colloquial)”)

портно́й (portnój, “tailor”) → портни́ха (portníxa, “female tailor (normal register)”)

чува́к (čuvák, “dude, guy (slang)”) → чуви́ха (čuvíxa, “girl, chick (slang)”)

Forms nouns referring to feminine people, often of a colloquial nature.

шум (šum, “noise”) → шуми́ха (šumíxa, “hype, buzz (colloquial, pejorative)”)

не- (ne-, “not”) + разобра́ться (razobrátʹsja, “to sort out”) (present tense разберу́сь (razberúsʹ)) → неразбери́ха (nerazberíxa, “muddle, mess, SNAFU (colloquial)”)

Forms nouns referring to objects, of a decidedly colloquial and often pejorative nature.


-ишка

-и́шка (canonical)
-ишка (canonical)
-íška (romanization)
-iška (romanization)
-и́шка (nominative singular)
-ишка (nominative singular)
-и́шки (nominative plural)
-ишки (nominative plural)
-и́шки (genitive singular)
-ишки (genitive singular)
-и́шек (genitive plural)
-ишек (genitive plural)
-и́шке (dative singular)
-ишке (dative singular)
-и́шкам (dative plural)
-ишкам (dative plural)
-и́шку (accusative singular)
-ишку (accusative singular)
-и́шки (accusative plural)
-ишки (accusative plural)
-и́шкой (instrumental singular)
-и́шкою (instrumental singular)
-ишкой (instrumental singular)
-ишкою (instrumental singular)
-и́шками (instrumental plural)
-ишками (instrumental plural)
-и́шке (prepositional singular)
-ишке (prepositional singular)
-и́шках (plural prepositional)
-ишках (plural prepositional)

сын (syn, “son”) + -и́шка (-íška) → сыни́шка (syníška, “sonny, little son”)

вор (vor, “thief”) + -и́шка (-íška) → вори́шка (voríška, “petty thief (derogatory)”)

мещани́н (meščanín, “petit bourgeois, philistine”) + -ишка (-iška) → мещани́нишка (meščaníniška, “petty philistine (derogatory)”)

па́рень (párenʹ, “fellow”) + -и́шка (-íška) → парни́шка (parníška, “lad, boy”)

мысль (myslʹ, “thought, idea”) + -и́шка (-íška) → мысли́шка (myslíška, “petty thought, petty judgment (derogatory)”)

шине́ль (šinélʹ, “overcoat”) + -ишка (-iška) → шине́лишка (šinéliška, “nasty overcoat (derogatory)”)

ма́льч(ик) (málʹč(ik), “boy”) + -ишка (-iška) → мальчи́шка (malʹčíška, “urchin, greenhorn”)

Suffix added to normally masculine nouns, forms diminutives, often with a pejorative meaning.


-юшка

-юшка (canonical)
-ю́шка (canonical)
-juška (romanization)
-júška (romanization)
-юшка (nominative singular)
-ю́шка (nominative singular)
-юшки (nominative plural)
-ю́шки (nominative plural)
-юшки (genitive singular)
-ю́шки (genitive singular)
-юшек (genitive plural)
-ю́шек (genitive plural)
-юшке (dative singular)
-ю́шке (dative singular)
-юшкам (dative plural)
-ю́шкам (dative plural)
-юшку (accusative singular)
-ю́шку (accusative singular)
-юшки (accusative plural)
-ю́шки (accusative plural)
-юшкой (instrumental singular)
-юшкою (instrumental singular)
-ю́шкой (instrumental singular)
-ю́шкою (instrumental singular)
-юшками (instrumental plural)
-ю́шками (instrumental plural)
-юшке (prepositional singular)
-ю́шке (prepositional singular)
-юшках (plural prepositional)
-ю́шках (plural prepositional)

ба́тя (bátja, “dad”) + -юшка (-juška) → ба́тюшка (bátjuška, “father (addressed to a priest); dear friend, old boy (respectful and affectionate term of address)”)

зверь (zverʹ, “animal”) + -ю́шка (-júška) → зверю́шка (zverjúška, “small animal”)


-ячий

head

-я́чий • (-jáčij)

-я́чий (canonical)
-jáčij (romanization)
-я́чий (masculine nominative)
-я́чее (neuter nominative)
-я́чая (feminine nominative)
-я́чие (nominative plural)
-я́чего (genitive masculine neuter)
-я́чей (feminine genitive)
-я́чих (genitive plural)
-я́чему (dative masculine neuter)
-я́чей (dative feminine)
-я́чим (dative plural)
-я́чего (accusative animate masculine)
-я́чее (accusative neuter)
-я́чую (accusative feminine)
-я́чих (accusative animate plural)
-я́чий (accusative inanimate masculine)
-я́чие (accusative inanimate plural)
-я́чим (instrumental masculine neuter)
-я́чей (feminine instrumental)
-я́чею (feminine instrumental)
-я́чими (instrumental plural)
-я́чем (masculine neuter prepositional)
-я́чей (feminine prepositional)
-я́чих (plural prepositional)
-я́ч (masculine short-form)
-я́че (neuter short-form)
-я́ча (feminine short-form)
-я́чи (plural short-form)

Inherited from Late Proto-Slavic *-ęťь, a present active participial suffix. Doublet of -я́щий (-jáščij), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic -ѧщи which replaced this suffix as the normal present participle suffix. See also the present active participle section of Template:cu-conj-i-type.

висе́ть (visétʹ, “to hang”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → вися́чий (visjáčij, “hanging, suspended”)

ходи́ть (xodítʹ, “to walk”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → ходя́чий (xodjáčij, “walking; current”)

стоя́ть (stojátʹ, “to stand”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → стоя́чий (stojáčij, “standing; stagnant”)

горе́ть (gorétʹ, “to burn”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → горя́чий (gorjáčij, “hot; hot-tempered”)

Adjective-forming suffix, added to intransitive verbs, particularly class 4 verbs (in -ить (-itʹ)) and class 5 verbs (in -еть (-etʹ) or -ять (-jatʹ)), indicating being in the state of that verb.

-а́чий — after the unpaired sounds ч ж ш щ ц


-ичка

-и́чка • (-íčka)

-и́чка (canonical)
-íčka (romanization)
-и́чка (nominative singular)
-и́чки (nominative plural)
-и́чки (genitive singular)
-и́чек (genitive plural)
-и́чке (dative singular)
-и́чкам (dative plural)
-и́чку (accusative singular)
-и́чек (accusative plural)
-и́чки (accusative plural)
-и́чкой (instrumental singular)
-и́чкою (instrumental singular)
-и́чками (instrumental plural)
-и́чке (prepositional singular)
-и́чках (plural prepositional)

Originally a double diminutive, from -и́ца (-íca) + -ка (-ka). Compare води́чка (vodíčka) with synonymous води́ца (vodíca); части́чка (častíčka), diminutive of части́ца (častíca, “fraction, particle”), originally itself a diminutive of часть (častʹ, “part, piece”); пти́чка (ptíčka), diminutive of пти́ца (ptíca, “bird”), etymologically a diminutive; etc.

сестра́ (sestrá, “sister”) + -и́чка (-íčka) → сестри́чка (sestríčka, “little sister”)

вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -и́чка (-íčka) → води́чка (vodíčka, “(a bit of) water”)

коса́ (kosá, “plait, pigtail”) + -и́чка (-íčka) → коси́чка (kosíčka, “small plait, pigtail”)

вещь (veščʹ, “thing”) + -и́чка (-íčka) → вещи́чка (veščíčka, “small thing”)

быль (bylʹ, “true story”) + -и́чка (-íčka) → были́чка (bylíčka, “dirty but true anecdote”)


-чик

-čik (romanization)
-чик (nominative singular)
-чики (nominative plural)
-чика (genitive singular)
-чиков (genitive plural)
-чику (dative singular)
-чикам (dative plural)
-чика (accusative singular)
-чиков (accusative plural)
-чик (accusative singular)
-чики (accusative plural)
-чиком (instrumental singular)
-чиками (instrumental plural)
-чике (prepositional singular)
-чиках (plural prepositional)

телефо́н (telefón, “telephone”) + -чик (-čik) → телефо́нчик (telefónčik, “small telephone”)

сара́й (saráj, “shed”) + -чик (-čik) → сара́йчик (sarájčik, “small shed”)

вокза́л (vokzál, “train station”) + -чик (-čik) → вокза́льчик (vokzálʹčik, “small train station”)

подва́л (podvál, “basement, cellar”) + -чик (-čik) → подва́льчик (podválʹčik, “small basement; cellar bar”)

блин (blin, “pancake; small round object”) + -чик (-čik) → бли́нчик (blínčik, “small pancake; folded, stuffed pancake; small camera lens; skipping stone”)


-чик

-čik (romanization)
-чица (feminine)
-чик (nominative singular)
-чики (nominative plural)
-чика (genitive singular)
-чиков (genitive plural)
-чику (dative singular)
-чикам (dative plural)
-чика (accusative singular)
-чиков (accusative plural)
-чик (accusative singular)
-чики (accusative plural)
-чиком (instrumental singular)
-чиками (instrumental plural)
-чике (prepositional singular)
-чиках (plural prepositional)

Alternative form of -щик (-ščik) after coronal obstruents


-шок

-шо́к • (-šók)

-шо́к (canonical)
-šók (romanization)
-шо́к (nominative singular)
-шки́ (nominative plural)
-шка́ (genitive singular)
-шко́в (genitive plural)
-шку́ (dative singular)
-шка́м (dative plural)
-шка́ (accusative singular)
-шко́в (accusative plural)
-шо́к (accusative singular)
-шки́ (accusative plural)
-шко́м (instrumental singular)
-шка́ми (instrumental plural)
-шке́ (prepositional singular)
-шка́х (plural prepositional)

Rebracketed from the suffix -о́к (-ók) added to diminutives whose roots end in х or ш.

гре́бень (grébenʹ, “comb, crest”) + -шо́к (-šók) → гребешо́к (grebešók, “small comb, small crest; scallop”)

ко́рень (kórenʹ, “root”) + -шо́к (-šók) → корешо́к (korešók, “rootlet; spine (of a book); counterfoil”)

реме́нь (reménʹ, “strap”) + -шо́к (-šók) → ремешо́к (remešók, “small strap, thong”)

че́рен (čéren, “handle, stalk”) + -шо́к (-šók) → черешо́к (čerešók, “handle, stalk”)

Suffix added to normally masculine nouns to form diminutives, sometimes with a further change in meaning.


-инство

-инство or -и́нство or -инство́ • (-instvo or -ínstvo or -instvó) n

-инство (canonical)
-и́нство (canonical)
-инство ́ (canonical)
-instvo (romanization)
-ínstvo (romanization)
-instvó (romanization)
-инство (nominative singular)
-и́нство (nominative singular)
-инство́ (nominative singular)
-инства (nominative plural)
-и́нства (nominative plural)
-инства́ (nominative plural)
-инства (genitive singular)
-и́нства (genitive singular)
-инства́ (genitive singular)
-инств (genitive plural)
-и́нств (genitive plural)
-инству (dative singular)
-и́нству (dative singular)
-инству́ (dative singular)
-инствам (dative plural)
-и́нствам (dative plural)
-инства́м (dative plural)
-инство (accusative singular)
-и́нство (accusative singular)
-инство́ (accusative singular)
-инства (accusative plural)
-и́нства (accusative plural)
-инства́ (accusative plural)
-инством (instrumental singular)
-и́нством (instrumental singular)
-инство́м (instrumental singular)
-инствами (instrumental plural)
-и́нствами (instrumental plural)
-инства́ми (instrumental plural)
-инстве (prepositional singular)
-и́нстве (prepositional singular)
-инстве́ (prepositional singular)
-инствах (plural prepositional)
-и́нствах (plural prepositional)
-инства́х (plural prepositional)
-инство (dated nominative singular)
-и́нство (dated nominative singular)
-инство́ (dated nominative singular)
-инства (dated nominative plural)
-и́нства (dated nominative plural)
-инства́ (dated nominative plural)
-инства (dated genitive singular)
-и́нства (dated genitive singular)
-инства́ (dated genitive singular)
-инствъ (dated genitive plural)
-и́нствъ (dated genitive plural)
-инству (dated dative singular)
-и́нству (dated dative singular)
-инству́ (dated dative singular)
-инствамъ (dated dative plural)
-и́нствамъ (dated dative plural)
-инства́мъ (dated dative plural)
-инство (accusative dated singular)
-и́нство (accusative dated singular)
-инство́ (accusative dated singular)
-инства (accusative dated plural)
-и́нства (accusative dated plural)
-инства́ (accusative dated plural)
-инствомъ (dated instrumental singular)
-и́нствомъ (dated instrumental singular)
-инство́мъ (dated instrumental singular)
-инствами (dated instrumental plural)
-и́нствами (dated instrumental plural)
-инства́ми (dated instrumental plural)
-инствѣ (dated prepositional singular)
-и́нствѣ (dated prepositional singular)
-инствѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)
-инствахъ (dated plural prepositional)
-и́нствахъ (dated plural prepositional)
-инства́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

бо́льше (bólʹše, “bigger, more, greater”) + -инство́ (-instvó) → большинство́ (bolʹšinstvó, “majority”)

ме́ньше (ménʹše, “less, smaller, fewer”) + -инство́ (-instvó) → меньшинство́ (menʹšinstvó, “minority”)

ста́рший (stáršij, “senior”) + -инство́ (-instvó) → старшинство́ (staršinstvó, “seniority”)

ма́терь (máterʹ, “mother”) + -и́нство (-ínstvo) → матери́нство (materínstvo, “maternity”)

сестра́ (sestrá, “sister”) + -инство (-instvo) → се́стринство (séstrinstvo, “sisterhood”)

suffix appended to nouns and adjectives to create a neuter abstract noun denoting a quality or state: -ity, -hood, -ness


-щик

-ščik (romanization)
-щица (feminine)
-щик (nominative singular)
-щи́к (nominative singular)
-щики (nominative plural)
-щики́ (nominative plural)
-щика (genitive singular)
-щика́ (genitive singular)
-щиков (genitive plural)
-щико́в (genitive plural)
-щику (dative singular)
-щику́ (dative singular)
-щикам (dative plural)
-щика́м (dative plural)
-щика (accusative singular)
-щика́ (accusative singular)
-щиков (accusative plural)
-щико́в (accusative plural)
-щик (accusative singular)
-щи́к (accusative singular)
-щики (accusative plural)
-щики́ (accusative plural)
-щиком (instrumental singular)
-щико́м (instrumental singular)
-щиками (instrumental plural)
-щика́ми (instrumental plural)
-щике (prepositional singular)
-щике́ (prepositional singular)
-щиках (plural prepositional)
-щика́х (plural prepositional)

бараба́н (barabán, “drum”) + -щик (-ščik) → бараба́нщик (barabánščik, “drummer”)

ка́мень (kámenʹ, “stone”) + -щик (-ščik) → ка́менщик (kámenščik, “bricklayer, mason”)

кро́вля (króvlja, “roof”) + -щик (-ščik) → кро́вельщик (króvelʹščik, “roofer”)

тюрьма́ (tjurʹmá, “jail”) + -щик (-ščik) → тюре́мщик (tjurémščik, “jailer”)

вре́мя (vrémja, “time; (obsolete) fortunate incident”) (stem вре́мен- (vrémen-)) + -щи́к (-ščík) → временщи́к (vremenščík, “(historical) minion”)

застро́ить (zastróitʹ, “to develop, to build on (a site)”) + -щик (-ščik) → застро́йщик (zastrójščik, “builder, developer”)

свари́ть (svarítʹ, “to weld”) + -щик (-ščik) → сва́рщик (svárščik, “welder”)

взлома́ть (vzlomátʹ, “to break open, to force (a door, etc.); to crack (a program)”) + -щик (-ščik) → взло́мщик (vzlómščik, “burglar, housebreaker; hacker”)

бомбардирова́ть (bombardirovátʹ, “to bomb”) + -щик (-ščik) → бомбардиро́вщик (bombardiróvščik, “bomber (airplane)”)

транспорти́ровать (transportírovatʹ, “to transport”) + -щик (-ščik) → транспортиро́вщик (transportiróvščik, “shipper, transporter (person or organization)”)

буфе́т (bufét, “bar, lunchroom, buffet”) + -чик (-čik) → буфе́тчик (bufétčik, “barman, bartender”)

налёт (naljót, “raid”) + -чик (-čik) → налётчик (naljótčik, “raider (criminal slang)”)

ре́зать (rézatʹ, “to cut”) + -чик (-čik) → ре́зчик (rézčik, “cutter (person who cuts)”)

доноси́ть (donosítʹ, “to denounce, to inform against”) + -чик (-čik) → доно́счик (donósčik, “informer, snitch (derogatory)”)

каба́к (kabák, “pub”) + -чик (-čik) → каба́тчик (kabátčik, “pub-keeper”)

добы́ча (dobýča, “earning”) + -чик (-čik) → добы́тчик (dobýtčik, “earner”)

перебега́ть (perebegátʹ, “to defect, to go over”) + -чик (-čik) → перебе́жчик (perebéžčik, “deserter, turncoat”)

Suffix added to nouns, verbs and sometimes adjectives to form masculine agent nouns: -er, -or