-ся

From Old East Slavic сѧ, from Proto-Slavic *sę, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sen, from Proto-Indo-European *swé. It is considered the shortened form of себя́ (sebjá). Compare Belarusian and Ukrainian -ся (-sja), or Italian -si.

Reflexive suffix appended to finite verbs and infinitives to make a reflexive, reciprocal, intransitive or passive verb.


-нибудь

Compare Ukrainian будь-який (budʹ-jakyj) or Polish bądź.

где́-нибудь (gdé-nibudʹ)

ка́к-нибудь (kák-nibudʹ)

како́й-нибудь (kakój-nibudʹ)

когда́-нибудь (kogdá-nibudʹ)

кто́-нибудь (któ-nibudʹ)

куда́-нибудь (kudá-nibudʹ)

отку́да-нибудь (otkúda-nibudʹ)

че́й-нибудь (čéj-nibudʹ)

что́-нибудь (štó-nibudʹ)

any-, an indefinite particle used in the following compound pronouns:


-ийский

head

-и́йский • (-íjskij)

-и́йский (canonical)
-íjskij (romanization)
-и́йский (masculine nominative)
-и́йское (neuter nominative)
-и́йская (feminine nominative)
-и́йские (nominative plural)
-и́йского (genitive masculine neuter)
-и́йской (feminine genitive)
-и́йских (genitive plural)
-и́йскому (dative masculine neuter)
-и́йской (dative feminine)
-и́йским (dative plural)
-и́йского (accusative animate masculine)
-и́йское (accusative neuter)
-и́йскую (accusative feminine)
-и́йских (accusative animate plural)
-и́йский (accusative inanimate masculine)
-и́йские (accusative inanimate plural)
-и́йским (instrumental masculine neuter)
-и́йской (feminine instrumental)
-и́йскою (feminine instrumental)
-и́йскими (instrumental plural)
-и́йском (masculine neuter prepositional)
-и́йской (feminine prepositional)
-и́йских (plural prepositional)

Rebracketed from -ский (-skij) added to nouns ending in stressed -и́я (-íja).

А́нглия (Ánglija, “England”) + -и́йский (-íjskij) → англи́йский (anglíjskij, “English”)

Росси́я (Rossíja, “Russia”) + -и́йский (-íjskij) → росси́йский (rossíjskij, “Russian”)

Си́рия (Sírija, “Syria”) + -и́йский (-íjskij) → сири́йский (siríjskij, “Syrian”)

Уга́нда (Ugánda, “Uganda”) + -и́йский (-íjskij) → уганди́йский (ugandíjskij, “Ugandan”)

Чи́ли (Číli, “Chile”) + -и́йский (-íjskij) → чили́йский (čilíjskij, “Chilean”)

Зимба́бве (Zimbábvɛ, “Zimbabwe”) + -и́йский (-íjskij) → зимбабви́йский (zimbabvíjskij, “Zimbabwean”)

Бу́дда (Búdda, “Buddha”) + -и́йский (-íjskij) → будди́йский (buddíjskij, “Buddhist”)

А́льпы (Álʹpy, “Alps”) + -и́йский (-íjskij) → альпи́йский (alʹpíjskij, “Alpine”)

кавале́рия (kavalérija, “cavalry”) + -и́йский (-íjskij) → кавалери́йский (kavaleríjskij, “cavalry”) (relational)

Adjectival suffix forming nouns meaning "related to X"; variant of -ский (-skij): -ian, -an, -ish

-і́йскій — Pre-reform orthography (1918)


-ский

-skij (romanization)
-ский (masculine nominative)
-ское (neuter nominative)
-ская (feminine nominative)
-ские (nominative plural)
-ского (genitive masculine neuter)
-ской (feminine genitive)
-ских (genitive plural)
-скому (dative masculine neuter)
-ской (dative feminine)
-ским (dative plural)
-ского (accusative animate masculine)
-ское (accusative neuter)
-скую (accusative feminine)
-ских (accusative animate plural)
-ский (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ские (accusative inanimate plural)
-ским (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ской (feminine instrumental)
-скою (feminine instrumental)
-скими (instrumental plural)
-ском (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ской (feminine prepositional)
-ских (plural prepositional)

А́нглия (Ánglija, “England”) + -ский (-skij) → англи́йский (anglíjskij, “English”)

Русь (Rusʹ, “Rus”) + -ский (-skij) → ру́сский (rússkij, “Russian”)

ара́б (aráb, “Arab”) + -ский (-skij) → ара́бский (arábskij, “Arabic, Arabian, Arab”)

изда́тель (izdátelʹ, “publisher”) + -ский (-skij) → изда́тельский (izdátelʹskij, “publisher (relational)”)

депута́т (deputát, “deputy”) + -ский (-skij) → депута́тский (deputátskij, “deputy (relational)”)

зверь (zverʹ, “beast; brute”) + -ский (-skij) → зве́рский (zvérskij, “brutal, savage”)

геро́й (gerój, “hero”) + -ский (-skij) → геро́йский (gerójskij, “heroic”)

монго́л (mongól, “Mongol”) + ьский (ʹskij) → монго́льский (mongólʹskij, “Mongolian”)

Used to form adjectives from nouns or sometimes other adjectives, often relational (meaning "related to X"): -ian, -ic, -ish


-ов

-ov (romanization)
-ов (masculine nominative possessive)
-ово (neuter nominative possessive)
-ова (feminine nominative possessive)
-овы (nominative plural possessive)
-ова (genitive masculine neuter possessive)
-овой (feminine genitive possessive)
-овых (genitive plural possessive)
-ову (dative masculine neuter possessive)
-овой (dative feminine possessive)
-овым (dative plural possessive)
-ова (accusative animate masculine possessive)
-ово (accusative neuter possessive)
-ову (accusative feminine possessive)
-овых (accusative animate plural possessive)
-ов (accusative inanimate masculine possessive)
-овы (accusative inanimate plural possessive)
-овым (instrumental masculine neuter possessive)
-овой (feminine instrumental possessive)
-овою (feminine instrumental possessive)
-овыми (instrumental plural possessive)
-овом (masculine neuter possessive prepositional)
-овой (feminine possessive prepositional)
-овых (plural possessive prepositional)

→ Komi-Zyrian: ов (ov)

Inherited from Old East Slavic -овъ (-ovŭ), from Proto-Slavic *-ovъ.

inh+

дед (ded, “grandfather”) + -ов (-ov) → де́дов (dédov, “grandfather's”)

Ива́н (Iván, “Ivan”) + -ов (-ov) → Ивано́в (Ivanóv)

Пётр (Pjotr, “Peter”) + -ов (-ov) → Петро́в (Petróv)

Па́вел (Pável, “Paul”) + -ов (-ov) → Па́влов (Pávlov)

кузне́ц (kuznéc, “blacksmith”) + -ов (-ov) → Кузнецо́в (Kuznecóv)


-ов

From old u-stems, where Old East Slavic -овъ was a combination of the final syllable of the stem and the genitive plural desinence -ъ (-ŭ).

Genitive plural desinence of most hard-stem masculine nouns


-ающий

head

-а́ющий or -ающий • (-ájuščij or -ajuščij)

-а́ющий (canonical)
-ающий (canonical)
-ájuščij (romanization)
-ajuščij (romanization)
-ающий (masculine nominative)
-ающее (neuter nominative)
-ающая (feminine nominative)
-ающие (nominative plural)
-ающего (genitive masculine neuter)
-ающей (feminine genitive)
-ающих (genitive plural)
-ающему (dative masculine neuter)
-ающей (dative feminine)
-ающим (dative plural)
-ающего (accusative animate masculine)
-ающее (accusative neuter)
-ающую (accusative feminine)
-ающих (accusative animate plural)
-ающий (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ающие (accusative inanimate plural)
-ающим (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ающей (feminine instrumental)
-ающею (feminine instrumental)
-ающими (instrumental plural)
-ающем (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ающей (feminine prepositional)
-ающих (plural prepositional)

враща́ющий

залива́ющий

ука́зывающий

-ing, -ent, -ive (present participle active: "which is ...-ing").


-ийски

-и́йски • (-íjski)

-и́йски (canonical)
-íjski (romanization)

по-англи́йски


-ски

по-ру́сски

-ly, -cally, -ishly (adverbial suffix; the adverb form of -ский)


-ка

-ka (romanization)
-ка (nominative singular)
-ки (nominative plural)
-ки (genitive singular)
-ок (genitive irregular plural)
-ек (genitive irregular plural)
-ке (dative singular)
-кам (dative plural)
-ку (accusative singular)
-ки (accusative plural)
-кой (instrumental singular)
-кою (instrumental singular)
-ками (instrumental plural)
-ке (prepositional singular)
-ках (plural prepositional)

From a conflation of two suffixes Proto-Slavic *-ьka and Proto-Slavic *-ъka. The former always came to be used after velars (hence the occurrence of the Slavic first palatalization), while the latter always came to be used after -л- (hence the lack of palatalization of -л- before -ка).

жи́ла (žíla, “vein”) + -ка (-ka) → жи́лка (žílka, “veinlet, small vein”)

моги́ла (mogíla, “grave”) + -ка (-ka) → моги́лка (mogílka, “small grave”)

бума́га (bumága, “paper, document”) + -ка (-ka) → бума́жка (bumážka, “small document”)

ку́кла (kúkla, “doll, puppet”) (genitive plural ку́кол (kúkol)) + -ка (-ka) → ку́колка (kúkolka, “small doll, pupa”)

пчела́ (pčelá, “bee”) + -ка (-ka) → пчёлка (pčólka, “small bee”)

вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -ка (-ka) → во́дка (vódka, “vodka”) (originally, "something diluted with water")

ленингра́дец (leningrádec, “resident of Leningrad”) + -ка (-ka) → ленингра́дка (leningrádka, “female resident of Leningrad”)

закали́ть (zakalítʹ, “to temper, to harden”) + -ка (-ka) → зака́лка (zakálka, “tempering, hardening; training (for endurance)”)

мочи́ть (močítʹ, “to soak, to wet”) + -ка (-ka) → мо́чка (móčka, “soaking, wetting”)

отде́лать (otdélatʹ, “to finish, to trim”) + -ка (-ka) → отде́лка (otdélka, “finishing, trimming; finish, trim”)

подде́лать (poddélatʹ, “to counterfeit, to fake”) + -ка (-ka) → подде́лка (poddélka, “counterfeit, imitation, fake, forgery”)

блоки́ровать (blokírovatʹ, “to block”) + -ка (-ka) → блокиро́вка (blokiróvka, “blocking, blockage”)

заколо́ть (zakolótʹ, “to attach with a pin”) + -ка (-ka) → зако́лка (zakólka, “barrette”)

пили́ть (pilítʹ, “to saw”) + -ка (-ka) → пи́лка (pílka, “fretsaw; fingernail file”)

минера́льный (minerálʹnyj, “mineral (relational)”) + -ка (-ka) → минера́лка (minerálka, “mineral water (colloquial); mineral fertilizer (colloquial)”)

зени́тный (zenítnyj, “zenith (relational); anti-aircraft (relational)”) + -ка (-ka) → зени́тка (zenítka, “anti-aircraft gun (colloquial)”)

полтора́ (poltorá, “one and a half”) (oblique cases полу́тора (polútora)) + -ка (-ka) → полу́торка (polútorka, “small apartment consisting of a medium-sized room and a small room (colloquial); GAZ-AA-brand truck with a 1.5-ton payload (colloquial)”)

запрещённый (zapreščónnyj, “forbidden”) + -ка (-ka) → запрещёнка (zapreščónka, “something forbidden (colloquial)”)

(added to (normally feminine) nouns, forms diminutives, sometimes with a further change in meaning)

(added to nouns denoting classes of people, forms the feminine equivalent; replaces the suffix -ец (-ec) if present)

(added to verbs, forms abstract nouns or nouns indicating the result of the action)

(added to verbs, forms instruments or tools)

(added to adjectives or numerals, forms colloquial nouns with the meaning of a carrier of the adjective's or numeral's properties)


-ность

-nostʹ (romanization)
-ность (nominative singular)
-ности (nominative plural)
-ности (genitive singular)
-ностей (genitive plural)
-ности (dative singular)
-ностям (dative plural)
-ность (accusative singular)
-ности (accusative plural)
-ностью (instrumental singular)
-ностями (instrumental plural)
-ности (prepositional singular)
-ностях (plural prepositional)

Probably originated from the suffix -ость (-ostʹ) added to words ending in -ный (-nyj), and was then extracted by rebracketing as a productive suffix. The same thing happened with e.g. -тельный (-telʹnyj) and English -ness.

гото́вый (gotóvyj, “ready”) → гото́вность (gotóvnostʹ, “readiness”) (no such word *гото́вный exists, making it a special case.)

о́бщий (óbščij, “general, common”) → о́бщность (óbščnostʹ, “generality, community”) (no such word *о́бщный exists)

Suffix forming abstract nouns from adjectives. A less productive alternative to -ость (-ostʹ), except after щ, where it is the regular suffix.

живо́й (živój, “living”) → жи́вность (žívnostʹ, “small creatures collectively”)

Suffix forming nouns with the meaning of a group of things characterized by the quality designated by the adjectives from which the nouns are formed.

пове́рх (povérx, “over”) → пове́рхность (povérxnostʹ, “surface”)

Suffix forming nouns of various sorts from miscellaneous parts of speech.


-аемый

-а́емый (canonical)
-ájemyj (romanization)
-а́емый (masculine nominative)
-а́емое (neuter nominative)
-а́емая (feminine nominative)
-а́емые (nominative plural)
-а́емого (genitive masculine neuter)
-а́емой (feminine genitive)
-а́емых (genitive plural)
-а́емому (dative masculine neuter)
-а́емой (dative feminine)
-а́емым (dative plural)
-а́емого (accusative animate masculine)
-а́емое (accusative neuter)
-а́емую (accusative feminine)
-а́емых (accusative animate plural)
-а́емый (accusative inanimate masculine)
-а́емые (accusative inanimate plural)
-а́емым (instrumental masculine neuter)
-а́емой (feminine instrumental)
-а́емою (feminine instrumental)
-а́емыми (instrumental plural)
-а́емом (masculine neuter prepositional)
-а́емой (feminine prepositional)
-а́емых (plural prepositional)

неузнава́емый

уважа́емый

чита́емый

-able, -ible, -uble, -ed (present participle passive)


-ец

-ec (romanization)
-ец (nominative singular)
-е́ц (nominative singular)
-цы (nominative plural)
-цы́ (nominative plural)
-ца (genitive singular)
-ца́ (genitive singular)
-цев (genitive plural)
-цо́в (genitive plural)
-цу (dative singular)
-цу́ (dative singular)
-цам (dative plural)
-ца́м (dative plural)
-ца (accusative singular)
-ца́ (accusative singular)
-цев (accusative plural)
-цо́в (accusative plural)
-цем (instrumental singular)
-цо́м (instrumental singular)
-цами (instrumental plural)
-ца́ми (instrumental plural)
-це (prepositional singular)
-це́ (prepositional singular)
-цах (plural prepositional)
-ца́х (plural prepositional)

америка́нец

боро́ться (borótʹsja, “to fight, wrestle”) + -ец (-ec) → боре́ц (boréc, “champion, wrestler”)

вдова́ (vdová, “widow”) + -ец (-ec) → вдове́ц (vdovéc, “widower”)

глу́пый (glúpyj, “silly, stupid”) + -е́ц (-éc) → глупе́ц (glupéc, “fool”)

гоня́ть (gonjátʹ, “to drive”) + -е́ц (-éc) → гоне́ц (gonéc, “courier”)

греб- (greb-, “to row”) + -е́ц (-éc) → гребе́ц (grebéc, “oarsman”)

де́лать (délatʹ, “to make”) + -е́ц (-éc) → деле́ц (deléc, “businessman”)

европе́ец ― jevropéjec ― European

жн- (žn-, “to press”) + -е́ц (-éc) → жнец (žnec, “reaper”)

комсомо́л (komsomól, “Komsomol”) + -ец (-ec) → комсомо́лец (komsomólec, “Young Communist”)

коси́ть (kosítʹ, “to mow”) + -е́ц (-éc) → косе́ц (koséc, “mower”)

Ленингра́д (Leningrád, “Leningrad”) + -ец (-ec) → ленингра́дец (leningrádec, “resident of Leningrad”)

му́дрый (múdryj, “wise”) + -е́ц (-éc) → мудре́ц (mudréc, “sage”)

на́глый (náglyj, “impudent”) + -е́ц (-éc) → нагле́ц (nagléc, “impudent fellow”)

писа́ть (pisátʹ, “to write”) + -е́ц (-éc) → писе́ц (piséc, “clerk, scribe”)

ста́рый (stáryj, “old”) + -ец (-ec) → ста́рец (stárec, “old man”)

упря́мый (uprjámyj, “stubborn”) + -ец (-ec) → упря́мец (uprjámec, “pigheaded person”)

чт- (čt-, “to read”) + -е́ц (-éc) → чтец (čtec, “elocutionist”)

-er, -an, -ian (nominal suffix for agent nouns or nouns designating persons).

зуб (zub, “tooth”) + -ец (-ec) → зубе́ц (zubéc, “cog”)

столб (stolb, “pole”) + -ец (-ec) → столбе́ц (stolbéc, “column”)

суп (sup, “soup”) + -ец (-ec) → супе́ц (supéc, “soup (diminutive)”)


-с

An abbreviated form of су́дарь (súdarʹ, “sir”), суда́рыня (sudárynja, “ma'am”).

да-с

так-с

слу́шаю-с

(obsolete) sir, ma'am (an honorific Russian suffix that was formerly used to emphasize the speaker’s politeness or servility before a person of higher social status).


-яющий

-я́ющий or -яющий • (-jájuščij or -jajuščij)

-я́ющий (canonical)
-яющий (canonical)
-jájuščij (romanization)
-jajuščij (romanization)
-яющий (masculine nominative)
-яющее (neuter nominative)
-яющая (feminine nominative)
-яющие (nominative plural)
-яющего (genitive masculine neuter)
-яющей (feminine genitive)
-яющих (genitive plural)
-яющему (dative masculine neuter)
-яющей (dative feminine)
-яющим (dative plural)
-яющего (accusative animate masculine)
-яющее (accusative neuter)
-яющую (accusative feminine)
-яющих (accusative animate plural)
-яющий (accusative inanimate masculine)
-яющие (accusative inanimate plural)
-яющим (instrumental masculine neuter)
-яющей (feminine instrumental)
-яющею (feminine instrumental)
-яющими (instrumental plural)
-яющем (masculine neuter prepositional)
-яющей (feminine prepositional)
-яющих (plural prepositional)

теря́ющий

окисляющий ― okisljajuščij ― oxidizing

-ing, -ent, -ive (present participle active: “which is ...-ing”).


-ость

-ostʹ (romanization)
-ость (nominative singular)
-ости (nominative plural)
-ости (genitive singular)
-остей (genitive plural)
-ости (dative singular)
-остям (dative plural)
-ость (accusative singular)
-ости (accusative plural)
-остью (instrumental singular)
-остями (instrumental plural)
-ости (prepositional singular)
-остях (plural prepositional)

твёрдый (tvjórdyj, “hard”) + -ость (-ostʹ) → твёрдость (tvjórdostʹ, “hardness”)

бе́дный (bédnyj, “poor”) + -ость (-ostʹ) → бе́дность (bédnostʹ, “poorness, poverty”)

лихо́й (lixój, “daring”) + -ость (-ostʹ) → ли́хость (líxostʹ, “bravery, daring”)

гла́сный (glásnyj, “open”) + -ость (-ostʹ) → гла́сность (glásnostʹ, “openness”)

ста́рый (stáryj, “old”) + -ость (-ostʹ) → ста́рость (stárostʹ, “old age”)

безгра́мотный (bezgrámotnyj, “illiterate”) + -ость (-ostʹ) → безгра́мотность (bezgrámotnostʹ, “illiteracy”)

безнадёжный (beznadjóžnyj, “hopeless”) + -ость (-ostʹ) → безнадёжность (beznadjóžnostʹ, “hopelessness”)

-ness, -ity (used to form abstract nouns from adjectives)


-ик

-ик (canonical)
-и́к (canonical)
-ik (romanization)
-ík (romanization)
-ик (nominative singular)
-и́к (nominative singular)
-ики (nominative plural)
-ики́ (nominative plural)
-ика (genitive singular)
-ика́ (genitive singular)
-иков (genitive plural)
-ико́в (genitive plural)
-ику (dative singular)
-ику́ (dative singular)
-икам (dative plural)
-ика́м (dative plural)
-ика (accusative singular)
-ика́ (accusative singular)
-иков (accusative plural)
-ико́в (accusative plural)
-ик (accusative singular)
-и́к (accusative singular)
-ики (accusative plural)
-ики́ (accusative plural)
-иком (instrumental singular)
-ико́м (instrumental singular)
-иками (instrumental plural)
-ика́ми (instrumental plural)
-ике (prepositional singular)
-ике́ (prepositional singular)
-иках (plural prepositional)
-ика́х (plural prepositional)

English: -nik

нож (nož, “knife”) + -ик (-ik) → но́жик (nóžik, “little knife”)

авто́бус (avtóbus, “bus”) + -ик (-ik) → авто́бусик (avtóbusik, “little bus”)

во́лос (vólos, “hair”) + -ик (-ik) → воло́сик (volósik, “little hair”)

вал (val, “roller”) + -ик (-ik) → ва́лик (válik, “roller, cylinder, platen”)

жуть (žutʹ, “horror”) + -ик (-ik) → жу́тик (žútik, “horror film (colloquial)”)

кузне́ц (kuznéc, “smith, farrier”) + -ик (-ik) → кузне́чик (kuznéčik, “grasshopper”) (meaning development unclear)

за́яц (zájac, “hare”) (stem зайц- (zajc-)) + -ик (-ik) → за́йчик (zájčik, “little hare, bunny; darling, sweetheart; reflection of a light beam”)

Suffix added to normally masculine nouns to form diminutives, sometimes with a further change in meaning.

Алекса́ндр (Aleksándr, “Alexander”) + -ик (-ik) → А́лик (Álik, “Alex”)

Алексе́й (Alekséj, “Alexei”) + -ик (-ik) → А́лик (Álik, “Alex”)

Влади́мир (Vladímir, “Vladimir”) + -ик (-ik) → Вла́дик (Vládik, “Vlad”)

Арту́р (Artúr, “Arthur”) + -и́к (-ík) → Арти́к (Artík, “Art”)

Станисла́в (Stanisláv, “Stanislav”) + -ик (-ik) → Ста́сик (Stásik, “Stan”)

Suffix added to normally masculine names to form diminutives, often shortening the name in the process.

опто́вый (optóvyj, “wholesale”) + -и́к (-ík) → оптови́к (optovík, “wholesaler”)

нало́говый (nalógovyj, “(relational) tax”) + -и́к (-ík) → налогови́к (nalogovík, “taxman (colloquial)”)

ры́жий (rýžij, “red, redheaded”) + -ик (-ik) → ры́жик (rýžik, “redheaded person, ginger (colloquial); camelina; saffron milk cap”)

Suffix appended to words, especially adjectives, to create masculine agent nouns, usually denoting a profession, performer, place, object, tool or a feature: -er, -or, -ant, -ic, -ist


-изм

-и́зм (canonical)
-ízm (romanization)
-и́зм (nominative singular)
-и́змы (nominative plural)
-и́зма (genitive singular)
-и́змов (genitive plural)
-и́зму (dative singular)
-и́змам (dative plural)
-и́зм (accusative singular)
-и́змы (accusative plural)
-и́змом (instrumental singular)
-и́змами (instrumental plural)
-и́зме (prepositional singular)
-и́змах (plural prepositional)


-тель

-telʹ (romanization)
-тель (nominative singular)
-тели (nominative plural)
-теля (genitive singular)
-телей (genitive plural)
-телю (dative singular)
-телям (dative plural)
-теля (accusative singular)
-телей (accusative plural)
-тель (accusative singular)
-тели (accusative plural)
-телем (instrumental singular)
-телями (instrumental plural)
-теле (prepositional singular)
-телях (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-teľь. Cognate to Old Church Slavonic -тель (-telĭ), Serbo-Croatian -telj and Czech -tel.

писа́ть (pisátʹ, “to write”) + -тель (-telʹ) → писа́тель (pisátelʹ, “writer”)

предста́вить (predstávitʹ, “to represent”) + -тель (-telʹ) → представи́тель (predstavítelʹ, “representative”)

-er (a suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer of an action or a human relation)


-овка

-о́вка (canonical)
-овка (canonical)
-óvka (romanization)
-ovka (romanization)
-о́вка (nominative singular)
-овка (nominative singular)
-о́вки (nominative plural)
-овки (nominative plural)
-о́вки (genitive singular)
-овки (genitive singular)
-о́вок (genitive plural)
-овок (genitive plural)
-о́вке (dative singular)
-овке (dative singular)
-о́вкам (dative plural)
-овкам (dative plural)
-о́вку (accusative singular)
-овку (accusative singular)
-о́вок (accusative plural)
-овок (accusative plural)
-о́вки (accusative plural)
-овки (accusative plural)
-о́вкой (instrumental singular)
-о́вкою (instrumental singular)
-овкой (instrumental singular)
-овкою (instrumental singular)
-о́вками (instrumental plural)
-овками (instrumental plural)
-о́вке (prepositional singular)
-овке (prepositional singular)
-о́вках (plural prepositional)
-овках (plural prepositional)

Originally from -ка (-ka) added to adjectives ending in -овый (-ovyj) or -ово́й (-ovój); later extracted out as its own suffix.

коне́ц (konéc, “end”) (stem конц- (konc-)) + -о́вка (-óvka) → концо́вка (koncóvka, “ending (of a story)”)

ве́тер (véter, “wind”) (stem ветр- (vetr-)) + -о́вка (-óvka) → ветро́вка (vetróvka, “windbreaker”) (ветрово́й (vetrovój) also exists)

кросс (kross, “cross country running”) + -о́вка (-óvka) → кроссо́вка (krossóvka, “sneaker, athletic shoe”)

лист (list, “leaf, sheet of paper”) + -о́вка (-óvka) → листо́вка (listóvka, “leaflet, flyer”) (листово́й (listovój) also exists)

нож (nož, “knife”) + -о́вка (-óvka) → ножо́вка (nožóvka, “handsaw”)

оре́х (oréx, “nut”) + -овка (-ovka) → оре́ховка (oréxovka, “nutcracker, nuthatch (bird)”) (оре́ховый (oréxovyj) also exists)

suffix appended to nouns to form related nouns of various sorts, both animate and inanimate, generally referring to more specific objects than the base lemma

вор (vor, “thief”) + -о́вка (-óvka) → воро́вка (voróvka, “female thief”)

suffix appended to nouns referring to males, to form the corresponding noun referring to females


-ство

-ство (canonical)
-ство ́ (canonical)
-stvo (romanization)
-stvó (romanization)
-ство (nominative singular)
-ство́ (nominative singular)
-ства (nominative plural)
-ства́ (nominative plural)
-ства (genitive singular)
-ства́ (genitive singular)
-ств (genitive plural)
-ству (dative singular)
-ству́ (dative singular)
-ствам (dative plural)
-ства́м (dative plural)
-ство (accusative singular)
-ство́ (accusative singular)
-ства (accusative plural)
-ства́ (accusative plural)
-ством (instrumental singular)
-ство́м (instrumental singular)
-ствами (instrumental plural)
-ства́ми (instrumental plural)
-стве (prepositional singular)
-стве́ (prepositional singular)
-ствах (plural prepositional)
-ства́х (plural prepositional)
-ство (dated nominative singular)
-ство́ (dated nominative singular)
-ства (dated nominative plural)
-ства́ (dated nominative plural)
-ства (dated genitive singular)
-ства́ (dated genitive singular)
-ствъ (dated genitive plural)
-ству (dated dative singular)
-ству́ (dated dative singular)
-ствамъ (dated dative plural)
-ства́мъ (dated dative plural)
-ство (accusative dated singular)
-ство́ (accusative dated singular)
-ства (accusative dated plural)
-ства́ (accusative dated plural)
-ствомъ (dated instrumental singular)
-ство́мъ (dated instrumental singular)
-ствами (dated instrumental plural)
-ства́ми (dated instrumental plural)
-ствѣ (dated prepositional singular)
-ствѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)
-ствахъ (dated plural prepositional)
-ства́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

suffix appended to nouns and adjectives to create a neuter noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, quality or state: -hood, -ness, -ship, -ity


-ца

-ца ́ (canonical)
-cá (romanization)
-ца́ (nominative singular)
-цы́ (nominative plural)
-цы́ (genitive singular)
-е́ц (genitive plural)
-це́ (dative singular)
-ца́м (dative plural)
-цу́ (accusative singular)
-цы́ (accusative plural)
-цо́й (instrumental singular)
-цо́ю (instrumental singular)
-ца́ми (instrumental plural)
-це́ (prepositional singular)
-ца́х (plural prepositional)

соль (solʹ, “salt”) + -ца (-ca) → сольца́ (solʹcá, “salt (endearingly)”)

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually a diminutive form expressing endearment.


-логия

-ло́гия (canonical)
-lógija (romanization)
-ло́гия (nominative singular)
-ло́гии (nominative plural)
-ло́гии (genitive singular)
-ло́гий (genitive plural)
-ло́гии (dative singular)
-ло́гиям (dative plural)
-ло́гию (accusative singular)
-ло́гии (accusative plural)
-ло́гией (instrumental singular)
-ло́гиею (instrumental singular)
-ло́гиями (instrumental plural)
-ло́гии (prepositional singular)
-ло́гиях (plural prepositional)


-таки

-таки́ • (-takí)

-таки ́ (canonical)
-takí (romanization)

он верну́лся-таки́


-он

-о́н • (-ón)

вы́пить (výpitʹ, “to drink”) + -о́н (-ón) → выпиво́н (vypivón, “drinks, booze, party”) (familiar)

заки́нуть (zakínutʹ, “to throw”) + -о́н (-ón) → закидо́н (zakidón, “oddity, quirk”) (slang)

закуси́ть (zakusítʹ, “to bite”) + -о́н (-ón) → закусо́н (zakusón, “snack, bite (to eat)”) (slang)

When added to verbs or other parts of speech, produces masculine nouns related in meaning to the original word.

гра́фика (gráfika, “graphics, graphic art”) + -о́н (-ón) → графо́н (grafón, “computer graphics”) (computer slang)

му́зыка (múzyka, “music”) + -о́н (-ón) → музо́н (muzón, “music”) (youth slang)

When added to nouns, produces stylistically reduced synonyms.


-ист

-ist (romanization)
-и́ст (nominative singular)
-и́сты (nominative plural)
-и́ста (genitive singular)
-и́стов (genitive plural)
-и́сту (dative singular)
-и́стам (dative plural)
-и́ста (accusative singular)
-и́стов (accusative plural)
-и́стом (instrumental singular)
-и́стами (instrumental plural)
-и́сте (prepositional singular)
-и́стах (plural prepositional)


-ник

-ник (canonical)
-ни́к (canonical)
-nik (romanization)
-ník (romanization)
-ник (nominative singular)
-ни́к (nominative singular)
-ники (nominative plural)
-ники́ (nominative plural)
-ника (genitive singular)
-ника́ (genitive singular)
-ников (genitive plural)
-нико́в (genitive plural)
-нику (dative singular)
-нику́ (dative singular)
-никам (dative plural)
-ника́м (dative plural)
-ника (accusative singular)
-ника́ (accusative singular)
-ников (accusative plural)
-нико́в (accusative plural)
-ник (accusative singular)
-ни́к (accusative singular)
-ники (accusative plural)
-ники́ (accusative plural)
-ником (instrumental singular)
-нико́м (instrumental singular)
-никами (instrumental plural)
-ника́ми (instrumental plural)
-нике (prepositional singular)
-нике́ (prepositional singular)
-никах (plural prepositional)
-ника́х (plural prepositional)

→ English: -nik

→ Ingrian: -nikka

→ Finnish: -niekka

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьnikъ, itself originally by nominalization of adjectives in *-ьnъ with the suffix *-ikъ (whence -ик (-ik)). The suffix originates from the Proto-Balto-Slavic period; compare dialectal Lithuanian lauk-inykas (“peasant, farmer”) (from laũkas (“field”)) and Old Prussian lauk-inikis (“vassal”).

лы́жа (lýža, “ski”) + -ник (-nik) → лы́жник (lýžnik, “skier”)

путь (putʹ, “way, path, road”) + -ник (-nik) → пу́тник (pútnik, “traveler”)

бюдже́т (bjudžét, “budget”) + -ник (-nik) → бюдже́тник (bjudžétnik, “government employee”) (colloquial)

кни́га (kníga, “book”) + -ник (-nik) → кни́жник (knížnik, “bookseller; book lover; scribe”) (colloquial)

двор (dvor, “yard, courtyard”) + -ник (-nik) → дво́рник (dvórnik, “janitor; street cleaner”)

бума́га (bumága, “paper, document”) + -ник (-nik) → бума́жник (bumážnik, “wallet; papermaker”)

пар (par, “vapor”) + -ник (-nik) → парни́к (parník, “greenhouse”)

учёба (učóba, “studies, learning”) + -ник (-nik) → уче́бник (učébnik, “textbook; manual”)

Suffix appended to nominal stems to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a professional, performer, adherent, place, object, tool or a feature.


-ица

-ица (canonical)
-и́ца (canonical)
-ica (romanization)
-íca (romanization)
-ица (nominative singular)
-и́ца (nominative singular)
-ицы (nominative plural)
-и́цы (nominative plural)
-ицы (genitive singular)
-и́цы (genitive singular)
-иц (genitive plural)
-и́ц (genitive plural)
-ице (dative singular)
-и́це (dative singular)
-ицам (dative plural)
-и́цам (dative plural)
-ицу (accusative singular)
-и́цу (accusative singular)
-иц (accusative plural)
-и́ц (accusative plural)
-ицы (accusative plural)
-и́цы (accusative plural)
-ицей (instrumental singular)
-ицею (instrumental singular)
-и́цей (instrumental singular)
-и́цею (instrumental singular)
-ицами (instrumental plural)
-и́цами (instrumental plural)
-ице (prepositional singular)
-и́це (prepositional singular)
-ицах (plural prepositional)
-и́цах (plural prepositional)

лу́чн(ик) (lúčn(ik), “archer”) + -ица (-ica) → лу́чница (lúčnica, “female archer”)

грибн(и́к) (gribn(ík), “mushroomer”) + -и́ца (-íca) → грибни́ца (gribníca, “female mushroomer”)

краса́в(ец) (krasáv(ec), “handsome man”) + -ица (-ica) → краса́вица (krasávica, “beautiful woman”)

ро́жа (róža, “ugly mug, face (pejorative)”) + -ица (-ica) → ро́жица (róžica, “face (endearing)”)

ро́ща (róšča, “copse, grove”) + -ица (-ica) → ро́щица (róščica, “small copse, small grove”)

вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -и́ца (-íca) → води́ца (vodíca, “water (endearing)”)

мете́ль (metélʹ, “blizzard, snowstorm”) + -ица (-ica) → мете́лица (metélica, “blizzard, snowstorm (poetic; diminutive or endearing)”)

тряпьё (trjapʹjó, “rags”) + -и́ца (-íca) → тряпи́ца (trjapíca, “small rag (colloquial)”)

forms diminutives of generally feminine nouns

ра́зный (ráznyj, “different”) + -ица (-ica) → ра́зница (ráznica, “difference”)

еди́ный (jedínyj, “united, unified; one, single”) + -и́ца (-íca) → едини́ца (jediníca, “unit; unity (mathematics); number one (bus, tram, etc.)”)

Кири́лл (Kiríll, “St. Cyril”) + -ица (-ica) → кири́ллица (kiríllica, “Cyrillic script”)

ара́бский (arábskij, “Arabic”) + -ица (-ica) → ара́бица (arábica, “Arabic script”)

forms writing system names from nouns and adjectives

без- (bez-, “without”) + рабо́та (rabóta, “work”) + -ица (-ica) → безрабо́тица (bezrabótica, “unemployment”)

пере- (pere-, “re-”) + сорт (sort, “grade”) + -ица (-ica) → пересо́ртица (peresórtica, “regrading (of goods)”)

рас- (ras-, “away”) + путь (putʹ, “road”) + -ица (-ica) → распу́тица (raspútica, “season of impassable roads”)

forms abstract nouns from prefixes + nouns

мо́крый (mókryj, “wet”) + -и́ца (-íca) → мокри́ца (mokríca, “woodlouse, sowbug”)

у́гольный (úgolʹnyj, “coal (relational)”) + -ица (-ica) → у́гольница (úgolʹnica, “firepan”)

я́года (jágoda, “berry”) + -ица (-ica) → я́годица (jágodica, “buttock; (dialectal) cheekbone; (dialectal) nipple”) (from the round shape of the berry)

forms nouns referring to plants, animals, tools or other objects from nouns and adjectives


-а

Noun-forming suffix used to form diminutives of proper names; used after a hard (unpalatalized) consonant.


-а

-a (alternative)
-а (nominative singular)
-и (nominative plural)
-i (nominative plural)
-и (genitive singular)
-i (genitive singular)
no suffix (genitive plural)
-е (dative singular)
-ам (dative plural)
-у (accusative singular)
-и (accusative plural)
-i (accusative plural)
-ей (instrumental singular)
-ею (instrumental singular)
-ами (instrumental plural)
-е (prepositional singular)
-ах (plural prepositional)

по- (po-) + клад- (klad-, “to lay, to put”) + -а (-a) → покла́жа (pokláža, “load”)

пропа́д- (propád-, “to disappear”) + -а (-a) → пропа́жа (propáža, “disappearance, loss”)

пред- (pred-, “before”) + тек- (tek-, “to flow”) + -а (-a) → предте́ча (predtéča, “forerunner, precursor”)

переда́т- (peredát-, “to broadcast”) + -а (-a) → переда́ча (peredáča, “broadcast”)

Noun-forming suffix used to form abstract nouns and agent nouns from prefixed stems ending in a consonant that becomes a hushing consonant (ш ж ч щ) when iotated. The final consonant of the stem is iotated before this suffix.


-а

-a (alternative)
-а (nominative singular)
-ы (nominative plural)
-ы (genitive singular)
no suffix (genitive plural)
-е (dative singular)
-ам (dative plural)
-у (accusative singular)
-ы (accusative plural)
-ой (instrumental singular)
-ою (instrumental singular)
-ами (instrumental plural)
-е (prepositional singular)
-ах (plural prepositional)

про- (pro-) + сек- (sek-, “to cut”) + -а (-a) → про́сека (próseka, “path cleared in a forest”)

от- (ot-) + рад (rad, “glad”) + -а (-a) → отра́да (otráda, “joy”)

Noun-forming suffix used to form abstract nouns and agent nouns from prefixed stems. The final consonant of the stem is not iotated before this suffix.


-ек

Regular phonological variant of -ок (-ok) after unpaired palatal or originally palatal sounds.

чаёк (čajók, “tea”) + -ек (-ek) → чаёчек (čajóček, “tea”)

Alternative form of -ок (-ok) (after the unpaired sibilants ш ж ч щ ц and unpaired palatal й)


-ина

-ина (canonical)
-и́на (canonical)
-ina (romanization)
-ína (romanization)
-ина (nominative singular)
-и́на (nominative singular)
-ины (nominative plural)
-и́ны (nominative plural)
-ины (genitive singular)
-и́ны (genitive singular)
-ин (genitive plural)
-и́н (genitive plural)
-ине (dative singular)
-и́не (dative singular)
-инам (dative plural)
-и́нам (dative plural)
-ину (accusative singular)
-и́ну (accusative singular)
-ины (accusative plural)
-и́ны (accusative plural)
-иной (instrumental singular)
-иною (instrumental singular)
-и́ной (instrumental singular)
-и́ною (instrumental singular)
-инами (instrumental plural)
-и́нами (instrumental plural)
-ине (prepositional singular)
-и́не (prepositional singular)
-инах (plural prepositional)
-и́нах (plural prepositional)

верх (verx, “top, upper part”) + -и́на (-ína) → верши́на (veršína, “peak, summit”)

suffix appended to nouns to form concrete nouns having the quality of the original noun

проби́ть (probítʹ, “to break through, to pierce”) + -ина (-ina) → пробо́ина (probóina, “hole, breach”)

-age; suffix appended to verbs to form a noun denoting a result

горо́х (goróx, “peas, pease”) + -ина (-ina) → горо́шина (goróšina, “a pea”)

же́мчуг (žémčug, “pearl (as a material), pearls”) + -ина (-ina) → жемчу́жина (žemčúžina, “a pearl”)

suffix appended to mass nouns to form a noun denoting an individual item

бара́н (barán, “ram, sheep”) + -ина (-ina) → бара́нина (baránina, “mutton, lamb”)

свинья́ (svinʹjá, “pig, hog”) + -и́на (-ína) → свини́на (svinína, “pork”)

suffix appended to nouns or adjectives to form a noun denoting a kind of meat

дом (dom, “house”) + -и́на (-ína) → доми́на (domína, “huge house”)

suffix forming an augmentative, usually informal


-ина

-ина́ • (-iná)

-ина ́ (canonical)
-iná (romanization)
-ина́ (nominative singular)
-ины́ (nominative plural)
-ины́ (genitive singular)
-и́н (genitive plural)
-ине́ (dative singular)
-ина́м (dative plural)
-ину́ (accusative singular)
-ины́ (accusative plural)
-ино́й (instrumental singular)
-ино́ю (instrumental singular)
-ина́ми (instrumental plural)
-ине́ (prepositional singular)
-ина́х (plural prepositional)

глубо́кий (glubókij, “deep”) + -ина́ (-iná) → глубина́ (glubiná, “depth”)

то́лстый (tólstyj, “thick, fat”) + -ина́ (-iná) → толщина́ (tolščiná, “thickness”)

це́лый (célyj, “whole, intact”) + -ина́ (-iná) → целина́ (celiná, “virgin land, unbroken expanse”)

-ness, -th; suffix appended to adjectives to form a (usually abstract) noun denoting a state or quality


-ак

-а́к • (-ák)

-а́к (canonical)
-ák (romanization)
-а́к (nominative singular)
-аки́ (nominative plural)
-ака́ (genitive singular)
-ако́в (genitive plural)
-аку́ (dative singular)
-ака́м (dative plural)
-ака́ (accusative singular)
-ако́в (accusative plural)
-а́к (accusative singular)
-аки́ (accusative plural)
-ако́м (instrumental singular)
-ака́ми (instrumental plural)
-аке́ (prepositional singular)
-ака́х (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Old East Slavic -акъ (-akŭ), Proto-Slavic *-akъ.

inh+

четвёртый (četvjórtyj, “fourth”) + -а́к (-ák) → четверта́к (četverták, “quarter”)

си́ний (sínij, “deep blue”) + -а́к (-ák) → синя́к (sinják, “bruise”)

большо́й (bolʹšój, “big large”) + -а́к (-ák) → больша́к (bolʹšák, “large road”)

просто́й (prostój, “simple”) + -а́к (-ák) → проста́к (prosták, “simpleton”)

о́бщий (óbščij, “common, general”) + -а́к (-ák) → обща́к (obščák, “common fund of a criminal group (slang)”)

Alternative form of -я́к (-ják) (suffix usually denoting a person with a given characteristic, or an inanimate noun of various meanings; often of a colloquial nature)

ры́ба (rýba, “fish”) + -а́к (-ák) → рыба́к (rybák, “fisherman”)

мо́ре (móre, “sea”) + -а́к (-ák) → моря́к (morják, “seaman, sailor”)

пять (pjatʹ, “five”) + -а́к (-ák) → пята́к (pjaták, “five-kopeck coin”)

ре́зать (rézatʹ, “to cut”) + -а́к (-ák) → реза́к (rezák, “cutter”)

лежа́ть (ležátʹ, “to lie”) + -а́к (-ák) → лежа́к (ležák, “lounger, sunbed”)

перде́ть (perdétʹ, “to fart”) + -а́к (-ák) → перда́к (perdák, “ass, butt (colloquial, humorous)”)


-ок

-о́к (canonical)
-ок (canonical)
-ók (romanization)
-ok (romanization)

дуб (dub, “oak”) + -о́к (-ók) → дубо́к (dubók, “oakling, little oak”)

шум (šum, “noise”) + -о́к (-ók) → шумо́к (šumók, “noise”)

чай (čaj, “tea”) + -ёк (-jók) → чаёк (čajók, “tea”) (colloquial, endearing)

руче́й (ručéj, “brook”) + -ёк (-jók) → ручеёк (ručejók, “little brook”)

у́голь (úgolʹ, “coal”) + -ёк (-jók) → уголёк (ugoljók, “ember”)

у́гол (úgol, “corner”) + -о́к (-ók) → уголо́к (ugolók, “corner”)

пень (penʹ, “stump”) + -ёк (-jók) → пенёк (penjók, “small stump”)

зверь (zverʹ, “beast”) + -ёк (-jók) → зверёк (zverjók, “little beast”)

кре́ндель (kréndelʹ, “pretzel”) + -ёк (-jók) → кренделёк (krendeljók, “pretzel”)

кре́ндель (kréndelʹ, “guy”) (slang, pejorative) + -ёк (-jók) → кренделёк (krendeljók, “guy, dude, bloke”) (slang, pejorative)

тип (tip, “man, guy”) (colloquial, sometimes pejorative) + -о́к (-ók) → типо́к (tipók, “man, guy”) (colloquial, likely pejorative)

глаз (glaz, “eye”) + -ок (-ok) → глазо́к (glazók, “peephole”)

язы́к (jazýk, “tongue”) + -ок (-ok) → язычо́к (jazyčók, “small tongue; uvula; reed (musical)”)

кула́к (kulák, “cam”) + -ок (-ok) → кулачо́к (kulačók, “small cam; lobe”)

(highly productive) takes masculine nouns, produces diminutive masculine nouns, sometimes with further sense development

И́горь (Ígorʹ, “Igor”) + -ёк (-jók) → Игорёк (Igorjók, “little Igor”)

Са́ша (Sáša, “Sasha”) + -о́к (-ók) → Сашо́к (Sašók, “little Sasha”)

Васили́са (Vasilísa, “Vasilisa”) + -ёк (-jók) → Василёк (Vasiljók, “little Vasilisa”)

(highly productive, takes given name, produces given name, diminutive) paired with -ик (-ik), -ук (-uk), -юк (-juk)

highly productive; produces given name; highly productive; produces given name

paired with -ик (-ik), -ук (-uk), -юк (-juk)

обре́зать (obrézatʹ, “to clip, to trim”) + -ок (-ok) → обре́зок (obrézok, “clipping”)

объед- (obʺjed-, “to eat away”) + -ок (-ok) → объе́док (obʺjédok, “scrap”)

о- (o-) + кури́ть (kurítʹ, “to smoke”) + -ок (-ok) → оку́рок (okúrok, “butt”)

наброса́ть (nabrosátʹ, “to sketch”) + -ок (-ok) → набро́сок (nabrósok, “sketch”)

отпеча́тать (otpečátatʹ, “to imprint”) + -ок (-ok) → отпеча́ток (otpečátok, “mark, fingerprint”)

слепи́ть (slepítʹ, “to model, to sculpt”) + -ок (-ok) → сле́пок (slépok, “mold”)

(productive, colloquial, unstressed, takes verbs, produces nouns) an object that remains after process is done

productive; produces nouns; productive; produces nouns

an object that remains after process is done

е́здить (jézditʹ, “to ride”) + -о́к (-ók) → ездо́к (jezdók, “rider”)

стреля́ть (streljátʹ, “to shoot”) + -о́к (-ók) → стрело́к (strelók, “shooter”)

знать (znatʹ, “to know”) + -о́к (-ók) → знато́к (znatók, “cognoscente”)

(animate, takes verbs, produces nouns) agent

скреб- (skreb-) + -о́к (-ók) → скребо́к (skrebók, “scraper”)

мани́ть (manítʹ, “to lure”) + -о́к (-ók) → мано́к (manók, “bait”)

пома́зать (pomázatʹ, “to oil, to lubricate”) + -о́к (-ók) → помазо́к (pomazók, “shaving brush”)

(takes verbs, produces nouns) a tool or means of an action

расти́ (rastí, “to grow”) (past tense рос (ros), compare рост (rost, “growth”)) + -о́к (-ók) → росто́к (rostók, “sprout, shoot”)

гуде́ть (gudétʹ, “to hoot, to honk”) + -о́к (-ók) → гудо́к (gudók, “hooter, car honk”)

по- (po-) + пла́вать (plávatʹ, “to swim, to float”) + -о́к (-ók) → поплаво́к (poplavók, “float”)

(inanimate, takes verbs, produces nouns) subject of an action

ката́ться (katátʹsja, “to ski, to skate”) + -о́к (-ók) → като́к (katók, “ice skating rink”)

(takes verbs, produces nouns) place of an action

глота́ть (glotátʹ, “to swallow”) + -о́к (-ók) → глото́к (glotók, “swallow, gulp”)

кива́ть (kivátʹ, “to nod, to beckon”) + -о́к (-ók) → киво́к (kivók, “nod”)

зевать (zevatʹ, “to yawn, to gape”) + -о́к (-ók) → зево́к (zevók, “yawn, gape”)

пина́ть (pinátʹ, “to kick”) + -о́к (-ók) → пино́к (pinók, “kick”)

ма́зать (mázatʹ, “to daub, to paint, to oil”) + -о́к (-ók) → мазо́к (mazók, “dab, stroke”)

бро́сить (brósitʹ, “to throw”) + -о́к (-ók) → бросо́к (brosók, “throw”)

скака́ть (skakátʹ, “to jump”) + -о́к (-ók) → скачо́к (skačók, “jump, leap”)

толка́ть (tolkátʹ, “to push”) + -о́к (-ók) → толчо́к (tolčók, “push”)

хло́пать (xlópatʹ, “to clap, to slap”) + -о́к (-ók) → хлопо́к (xlopók, “clap, slap”)

шлёпать (šljópatʹ, “to slap, to smack”) + -о́к (-ók) → шлепо́к (šlepók, “slap, smack”)

звони́ть (zvonítʹ, “to ring”) + -о́к (-ók) → звоно́к (zvonók, “bell”)

греб- (greb-, “to row”) + -о́к (-ók) → гребо́к (grebók, “stroke (of an oar)”)

пры́гать (prýgatʹ, “to jump”) + -о́к (-ók) → прыжо́к (pryžók, “jump”)

кувыр(ка́ться) (kuvyr(kátʹsja), “to somersault”) + -о́к (-ók) → кувыро́к (kuvyrók, “roll, somersault”)

плева́ть (plevátʹ, “to spit”) + -о́к (-ók) → плево́к (plevók, “spit”)

(productive, colloquial, stressed, takes verbs, produces nouns) one occurrence of an action; separate act

one occurrence of an action; separate act

жёлтый (žóltyj, “yellow”) + -о́к (-ók) → желто́к (želtók, “yolk”)

бе́лый (bélyj, “white”) + -о́к (-ók) → бело́к (belók, “egg white; white (of the eye)”)

бе́лый (bélyj, “white”) + -ёк (-jók) → белёк (beljók, “young seal”)

ма́лый (mályj, “small”) + -ёк (-jók) → малёк (maljók, “whitebait”)

ди́кий (díkij, “wild”) + -о́к (-ók) → дичо́к (dičók, “wilding”) (botany)

ми́лый (mílyj, “dear”) + -о́к (-ók) → мило́к (milók, “dear, good man”) (in direct address)

ва́леный (válenyj, “woolen”) + -ок (-ok) → ва́ленок (válenok, “felt boot”)

ка́таный (kátanyj, “rolled”) + -ок (-ok) → ка́танок (kátanok, “felt boot”) (colloquial)

недоу́мок

недопёсок

недолеток ― nedoletok

недолисок ― nedolisok

(with недо-, productive, colloquial, takes nouns, produces nouns) undeveloped or transitional object

крупи́ца

мелок

железя́ка

(takes nouns, produces nouns) paired with -иц (-ic), -ица (-ica), -ак (-ak), -ака (-aka), -як (-jak), -яка (-jaka); a piece of, one of them

пято́к

деся́ток

пре́док

бесце́нок ― bescénok

закры́лок ― zakrýlok

(unproductive, takes nouns, produces nouns)

(with за-, unproductive, takes nouns, produces nouns) an object behind something or in the background

unproductive; produces nouns; unproductive; produces nouns

an object behind something or in the background

загорбок

(with за-, unproductive, takes nouns, produces nouns) located behind and look alike

оголовок

огузок

окосток ― okostok

(with о-, unproductive, takes nouns, produces nouns) adjacent

отголо́сок

отроек

отзимок

(with от-, unproductive, takes nouns, produces nouns) separated from, produced by

сын → па́сынок ― syn → pásynok ― stepson

труба́ → па́трубок ― trubá → pátrubok

дым → падымок ― dym → padymok

вода́ → па́водок ― vodá → pávodok

го́лень → паголенок ― gólenʹ → pagolenok

(with па-, unproductive, produces nouns) alike, but not equal

лес → переле́сок ― les → perelésok

→ перелесье ― → perelesʹje

→ перелесица ― → perelesica

ше́я → переше́ек ― šéja → perešéjek

мир → переми́рие ― mir → peremírije

→ пересменок ― → peresmenok

→ переу́лок ― → pereúlok

→ переле́сок ― → perelésok

→ перелесье ― → perelesʹje

→ пересменок ― → peresmenok

(with пере-, slightly productive, produces nouns) paired with -и (-i); in between, during break (about location or time)

slightly productive; produces nouns; slightly productive; produces nouns

крест → перекрестье ― krest → perekrestʹje

крест → перекрёсток ― krest → perekrjóstok

путь → перепутье ― putʹ → pereputʹje

нос → переносье ― nos → perenosʹje

нос → перено́сица ― nos → perenósica

(with пере-, unproductive, produces nouns) paired with -и (-i), -ица (-ica); crossing, intersection

paired with -и (-i), -ица (-ica); crossing, intersection

год → пого́док ― god → pogódok

→ подборо́док ― → podboródok

→ подгру́док ― → podgrúdok

→ подле́сок ― → podlésok

→ подкрылок ― → podkrylok

→ подра́мок ― → podrámok

→ подшёрсток ― → podšórstok

→ подпе́чек ― → podpéček

(with по-, unproductive, produces nouns)

(with под-, unproductive, produces nouns) beneath

груздь → подгруздок ― gruzdʹ → podgruzdok

лиса → подлисок ― lisa → podlisok

язь → подъя́зок ― jazʹ → podʺjázok

язь → подъязик ― jazʹ → podʺjazik

→ подсвинок ― → podsvinok

→ подтелок ― → podtelok

→ подлещик ― → podleščik

→ подъёршик ― → podʺjóršik

→ подорлик ― → podorlik

→ подсумок ― → podsumok

→ подпилок ― → podpilok

→ подголосок ― → podgolosok

пасту́х → подпа́сок ― pastúx → podpások

судья́ → подсу́док ― sudʹjá → podsúdok

часово́й → подчасок ― časovój → podčasok

кула́к → подкула́чник ― kulák → podkuláčnik

Кума → Подкумок ― Kuma → Podkumok

(with под-, unproductive, produces nouns) paired with -ик (-ik), -ник (-nik); undeveloped animal or object

paired with -ик (-ik), -ник (-nik); undeveloped animal or object

→ предкры́лок ― → predkrýlok

→ прилистник ― → prilistnik

→ прицветник ― → pricvetnik

→ приямок ― → prijamok

→ приго́рок ― → prigórok

→ приселок ― → priselok

→ привратник ― → privratnik

→ при́хвостень ― → príxvostenʹ

(with пред-, unproductive, produces nouns)

(with при-, unproductive, produces nouns) paired with -ник (-nik), -ень (-enʹ); adjacent

paired with -ник (-nik), -ень (-enʹ); adjacent

→ присту́пок ― → pristúpok

→ присту́пка ― → pristúpka

→ ступе́нь ― → stupénʹ

(with при-, unproductive, produces nouns) paired with -ка (-ka); adjacent

→ просте́нок ― → prosténok

→ пролесок ― → prolesok

→ прожи́лок ― → prožílok

→ просёлок ― → prosjólok

→ проу́лок ― → proúlok

(with про-, unproductive, produces nouns) in between

→ сугли́нок ― → suglínok

кури́ть → оку́рок ― kurítʹ → okúrok

горе́ть → ога́рок ― gorétʹ → ogárok

мылить → обмы́лок ― mylitʹ → obmýlok

коло́ть → оско́лок ― kolótʹ → oskólok

есть → объе́док ― jestʹ → obʺjédok

пить → опи́вки ― pitʹ → opívki

пили́ть → опи́лки ― pilítʹ → opílki

коси́ть → око́сье ― kosítʹ → okósʹje

кали́ть → ока́лина ― kalítʹ → okálina

(with су-, unproductive, produces nouns)

(with о- и об-, unproductive, produces nouns) paired with -ки (-ki) (plurale tantum), -j, -ина (-ina)

paired with -ки (-ki) (plurale tantum), -j, -ина (-ina)

ста́рый → переста́рок ― stáryj → perestárok

(unproductive, produces nouns) overdone, with a negative outcome

→ первого́док ― → pervogódok

→ одного́док ― → odnogódok

→ полуго́док ― → polugódok

→ полукро́вок ― → polukróvok

→ малоле́ток ― → malolétok

→ одноле́ток ― → odnolétok

→ трехле́ток ― → trexlétok

→ одномерок ― → odnomerok

→ маломерок ― → malomerok

→ четырехстенок ― → četyrexstenok

→ пятистенок ― → pjatistenok

→ перволёдок ― → pervoljódok

→ первопу́ток ― → pervopútok

→ полушу́бок ― → polušúbok

→ полуша́лок ― → polušálok

→ полуста́нок ― → polustánok

шаль → полуша́лок ― šalʹ → polušálok

путь → первопу́ток ― putʹ → pervopútok

ста́нция → полуста́нок ― stáncija → polustánok

(unproductive, animate or inanimate, produces nouns) subject with a qualifier in the first stem

subject with a qualifier in the first stem


-анин

-а́нин (canonical)
-ани́н (canonical)
-ánin (romanization)
-anín (romanization)
-а́нин (nominative singular)
-ани́н (nominative singular)
-а́не (nominative plural)
-а́нина (genitive singular)
-ани́на (genitive singular)
-а́н (genitive plural)
-а́нину (dative singular)
-ани́ну (dative singular)
-а́нам (dative plural)
-а́нина (accusative singular)
-ани́на (accusative singular)
-а́н (accusative plural)
-а́нином (instrumental singular)
-ани́ном (instrumental singular)
-а́нами (instrumental plural)
-а́нине (prepositional singular)
-ани́не (prepositional singular)
-а́нах (plural prepositional)

Alternative form of -я́нин, -яни́н (-jánin, -janín)


-ить

-и́ть (canonical)
-ить (canonical)
-ítʹ (romanization)
-itʹ (romanization)
-ить (imperfective infinitive)
-ящий (active participle present)
-ивший (active participle past)
-имый (participle passive present)
-imyj (participle passive present)
-енный (participle passive past)
-я (adverbial participle present)
-ив (adverbial participle past)
-ивши (adverbial participle past)
-ю (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -ить (first-person future singular)
-ишь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -ить (future second-person singular)
-ит (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -ить (future singular third-person)
-им (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -ить (first-person future plural)
-ите (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -ить (future plural second-person)
-ят (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -ить (future plural third-person)
-ь (imperative singular)
-ʹ (imperative singular)
-ьте (imperative plural)
-ил (masculine past singular)
-или (masculine past plural)
-ила (feminine past singular)
-или (feminine past plural)
-ило (neuter past singular)
-или (neuter past plural)
-и́ть (imperfective infinitive)
-я́щий (active participle present)
-и́вший (active participle past)
-и́мый (participle passive present)
-ímyj (participle passive present)
-ённый (participle passive past)
-енный (participle passive past)
-я́ (adverbial participle present)
-и́в (adverbial participle past)
-и́вши (adverbial participle past)
-ю́ (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -и́ть (first-person future singular)
-и́шь (present second-person singular)
-ишь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -и́ть (future second-person singular)
-и́т (present singular third-person)
-ит (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -и́ть (future singular third-person)
-и́м (first-person plural present)
-им (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -и́ть (first-person future plural)
-и́те (plural present second-person)
-ите (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -и́ть (future plural second-person)
-я́т (plural present third-person)
-ят (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -и́ть (future plural third-person)
-и́ (imperative singular)
-и́те (imperative plural)
-и́л (masculine past singular)
-и́ли (masculine past plural)
-и́ла (feminine past singular)
-и́ли (feminine past plural)
-и́ло (neuter past singular)
-и́ли (neuter past plural)

the infinitive suffix for many verbs; usually indicates a perfective verb

о- (o-) + сла́бый (slábyj, “weak”) + -ить (-itʹ) → осла́бить (oslábitʹ, “to weaken”)

о- (o-) + бе́дный (bédnyj, “poor”) + -и́ть (-ítʹ) → обедни́ть (obednítʹ, “to impoverish”)

о- (o-) + свобо́д(ный) (svobód(nyj), “free”) + -и́ть (-ítʹ) → освободи́ть (osvobodítʹ, “to liberate”)

о- (o-) + кайма́ (kajmá, “border, hem, edge”) + -и́ть (-ítʹ) → окайми́ть (okajmítʹ, “to provide with a border, hem or edge”)

о- (o-) + зо́лото (zóloto, “gold”) + -и́ть (-ítʹ) → озолоти́ть (ozolotítʹ, “to gild”)

об- (ob-) + о́бщий (óbščij, “general”) + -и́ть (-ítʹ) → обобщи́ть (obobščítʹ, “to generalize”)

у- (u-) + то́нкий (tónkij, “thin, subtle, fine”) + -и́ть (-ítʹ) → утончи́ть (utončítʹ, “to make (more) subtle, to refine”)

у- (u-) + кре́п(кий) (krép(kij), “strong”) + -и́ть (-ítʹ) → укрепи́ть (ukrepítʹ, “to strengthen”)

у- (u-) + лу́чший (lúčšij, “better”) + -ить (-itʹ) → улу́чшить (ulúčšitʹ, “to improve”)

по- (po-) + ни́з(кий) (níz(kij), “low”) + -ить (-itʹ) → пони́зить (ponízitʹ, “to lower”)

a suffix used to form factitive verbs from nouns, i.e. verbs having the meaning "to make X(er)" for X an adjective or noun; usually used with a prefix such as о- (o-), об- (ob-) or у- (u-)

о- (o-) + без- (bez-) + лес (les, “forest”) + -ить (-itʹ) → обезле́сить (obezlésitʹ, “to deforest”)

о- (o-) + без- (bez-) + лю́ди (ljúdi, “people”) + -ить (-itʹ) → обезлю́дить (obezljúditʹ, “to depopulate”)

о- (o-) + без- (bez-) + ору́жие (orúžije, “weapon”) + -ить (-itʹ) → обезору́жить (obezorúžitʹ, “to disarm”)

о- (o-) + без- (bez-) + вред (vred, “harm”) + -ить (-itʹ) → обезвре́дить (obezvréditʹ, “to defuse, to render harmless”)

о- (o-) + бес- (bes-) + цвет (cvet, “color”) + -ить (-itʹ) → обесцве́тить (obescvétitʹ, “to desaturate, to bleach, to turn black and white”)

A suffix used to form negative factitive verbs from без- (bez-, “without, -less”) (or бес- (bes-)) + a noun, i.e. verbs having the meaning "to deprive of X" for X a noun. Usually used with о- (o-) and commonly corresponding to English verbs in de- or dis-.


-ять

-я́ть (canonical)
-ять (canonical)
-játʹ (romanization)
-jatʹ (romanization)
-я́ть (imperfective infinitive)
-я́ющий (active participle present)
-я́вший (active participle past)
-я́емый (participle passive present)
-янный (participle passive past)
-я́я (adverbial participle present)
-я́в (adverbial participle past)
-я́вши (adverbial participle past)
-я́ю (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -я́ть (first-person future singular)
-я́ешь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -я́ть (future second-person singular)
-я́ет (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -я́ть (future singular third-person)
-я́ем (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -я́ть (first-person future plural)
-я́ете (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -я́ть (future plural second-person)
-я́ют (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -я́ть (future plural third-person)
-я́й (imperative singular)
-я́йте (imperative plural)
-я́л (masculine past singular)
-я́ли (masculine past plural)
-я́ла (feminine past singular)
-я́ли (feminine past plural)
-я́ло (neuter past singular)
-я́ли (neuter past plural)
-́ять (imperfective infinitive)
-́яющий (active participle present)
-́явший (active participle past)
-́яемый (participle passive present)
-́янный (participle passive past)
-́яя (adverbial participle present)
-́яв (adverbial participle past)
-́явши (adverbial participle past)
-́яю (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -́ять (first-person future singular)
-́яешь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -́ять (future second-person singular)
-́яет (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -́ять (future singular third-person)
-́яем (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -́ять (first-person future plural)
-́яете (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -́ять (future plural second-person)
-́яют (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -́ять (future plural third-person)
-́яй (imperative singular)
-́яйте (imperative plural)
-́ял (masculine past singular)
-́яли (masculine past plural)
-́яла (feminine past singular)
-́яли (feminine past plural)
-́яло (neuter past singular)
-́яли (neuter past plural)
-я́ть (imperfective infinitive)
-я́щий (active participle present)
-я́вший (active participle past)
-и́мый (participle passive present)
-янный (participle passive past)
-я́ (adverbial participle present)
-я́в (adverbial participle past)
-я́вши (adverbial participle past)
-ю́ (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -я́ть (first-person future singular)
-и́шь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -я́ть (future second-person singular)
-и́т (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -я́ть (future singular third-person)
-и́м (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -я́ть (first-person future plural)
-и́те (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -я́ть (future plural second-person)
-я́т (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -я́ть (future plural third-person)
-и́ (imperative singular)
-и́те (imperative plural)
-я́л (masculine past singular)
-я́ли (masculine past plural)
-я́ла (feminine past singular)
-я́ли (feminine past plural)
-я́ло (neuter past singular)
-я́ли (neuter past plural)
-́ять (imperfective infinitive)
-́ящий (active participle present)
-́явший (active participle past)
-́имый (participle passive present)
-́янный (participle passive past)
-́я (adverbial participle present)
-́яв (adverbial participle past)
-́явши (adverbial participle past)
-́ю (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -́ять (first-person future singular)
-́ишь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -́ять (future second-person singular)
-́ит (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -́ять (future singular third-person)
-́им (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -́ять (first-person future plural)
-́ите (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -́ять (future plural second-person)
-́ят (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -́ять (future plural third-person)
-́й (imperative singular)
-́йте (imperative plural)
-́ял (masculine past singular)
-́яли (masculine past plural)
-́яла (feminine past singular)
-́яли (feminine past plural)
-́яло (neuter past singular)
-́яли (neuter past plural)
-я́ть (imperfective infinitive)
-ю́щий (active participle present)
-я́вший (active participle past)
-́янный (participle passive past)
-я́ (adverbial participle present)
-я́в (adverbial participle past)
-я́вши (adverbial participle past)
-ю́ (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -я́ть (first-person future singular)
-ёшь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -я́ть (future second-person singular)
-ёт (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -я́ть (future singular third-person)
-ём (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -я́ть (first-person future plural)
-ёте (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -я́ть (future plural second-person)
-ю́т (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -я́ть (future plural third-person)
-́й (imperative singular)
-́йте (imperative plural)
-я́л (masculine past singular)
-я́ли (masculine past plural)
-я́ла (feminine past singular)
-я́ли (feminine past plural)
-я́ло (neuter past singular)
-я́ли (neuter past plural)
-́ять (imperfective infinitive)
-́ющий (active participle present)
-́явший (active participle past)
-́емый (participle passive present)
-́янный (participle passive past)
-́я (adverbial participle present)
-́яв (adverbial participle past)
-́явши (adverbial participle past)
-́ю (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -́ять (first-person future singular)
-́ешь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -́ять (future second-person singular)
-́ет (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -́ять (future singular third-person)
-́ем (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -́ять (first-person future plural)
-́ете (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -́ять (future plural second-person)
-́ют (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -́ять (future plural third-person)
-́й (imperative singular)
-́йте (imperative plural)
-́ял (masculine past singular)
-́яли (masculine past plural)
-́яла (feminine past singular)
-́яли (feminine past plural)
-́яло (neuter past singular)
-́яли (neuter past plural)

на- (na-) + пра́вить impf (právitʹ, “to drive, to steer”) → напра́вить pf (naprávitʹ, “to direct”) + -я́ть (-játʹ) → направля́ть impf (napravljátʹ)

The infinitive suffix for many verbs. Usually indicates an imperfective verb. Often used to derive imperfective verbs from prefixed perfective verbs in -ить (-itʹ), and triggers iotation.


-ать

-ать (canonical)
-а́ть (canonical)
-atʹ (romanization)
-átʹ (romanization)
-а́ть (imperfective infinitive)
-а́ющий (active participle present)
-а́вший (active participle past)
-а́емый (participle passive present)
-анный (participle passive past)
-а́я (adverbial participle present)
-а́в (adverbial participle past)
-а́вши (adverbial participle past)
-а́ю (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -а́ть (first-person future singular)
-а́ешь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -а́ть (future second-person singular)
-а́ет (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -а́ть (future singular third-person)
-а́ем (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -а́ть (first-person future plural)
-а́ете (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -а́ть (future plural second-person)
-а́ют (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -а́ть (future plural third-person)
-а́й (imperative singular)
-а́йте (imperative plural)
-а́л (masculine past singular)
-а́ли (masculine past plural)
-а́ла (feminine past singular)
-а́ли (feminine past plural)
-а́ло (neuter past singular)
-а́ли (neuter past plural)
-́ать (imperfective infinitive)
-́ающий (active participle present)
-́авший (active participle past)
-́аемый (participle passive present)
-́ая (adverbial participle present)
-́ав (adverbial participle past)
-́авши (adverbial participle past)
-́аю (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -́ать (first-person future singular)
-́аешь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -́ать (future second-person singular)
-́ает (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -́ать (future singular third-person)
-́аем (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -́ать (first-person future plural)
-́аете (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -́ать (future plural second-person)
-́ают (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -́ать (future plural third-person)
-́ай (imperative singular)
-́айте (imperative plural)
-́ал (masculine past singular)
-́али (masculine past plural)
-́ала (feminine past singular)
-́али (feminine past plural)
-́ало (neuter past singular)
-́али (neuter past plural)

The infinitive suffix for many verbs. Usually indicates an imperfective verb.

по- (po-) + ме́тить impf (métitʹ, “to mark”) → поме́тить pf (pométitʹ, “to mark, to date”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → помеча́ть impf (pomečátʹ)

за- (za-) + роди́ть impf (rodítʹ, “to give birth”) → зароди́ть pf (zarodítʹ, “to engender”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → зарожда́ть impf (zaroždátʹ)

ко́нчить pf (kónčitʹ, “to finish”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → конча́ть impf (končátʹ)

оби́деть pf (obídetʹ, “to offend, to insult”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → обижа́ть impf (obižátʹ)

Used in place of -я́ть (-játʹ) after the hushing sibilants ш щ ч ж and after жд, when used to derive imperfective verbs from (normally but not always prefixed) perfective class 4 verbs (in -ить (-itʹ)) following one of т д с з ш ж ч щ. Always stressed. Triggers iotation of the final stem consonant, but it is unpredictable whether the iotation of т results in ч or щ and whether the iotation of д results in ж or жд. Very occasionally found with class 5 verbs in -еть (-etʹ).

за- (za-) + мо́лкнуть impf (mólknutʹ, “to fade, to grow quiet”) → замо́лкнуть pf (zamólknutʹ, “to become silent”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → замолка́ть impf (zamolkátʹ)

об- (ob-) + грызть impf (gryztʹ, “to gnaw”) → обгры́зть pf (obgrýztʹ, “to gnaw around”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → обгрыза́ть impf (obgryzátʹ)

на- (na-) + пасть impf (pastʹ, “to fall”) → напа́сть pf (napástʹ, “to fall on, to attack”) (underlying stem напа́д-) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → напада́ть impf (napadátʹ)

от- (ot-) + сечь impf (sečʹ, “to cut, to chop”) → отсе́чь pf (otséčʹ, “to cut off, to chop off”) (underlying stem отсе́к-) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → отсека́ть impf (otsekátʹ)

раз- (raz-) + ре́зать impf (rézatʹ, “to cut, to carve”) → разре́зать pf (razrézatʹ, “to cut off”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → разреза́ть impf (razrezátʹ)

по- (po-) + ки́нуть impf (kínutʹ, “to throw”) → поки́нуть pf (pokínutʹ, “to leave, to abandon”) (underlying stem поки́д-) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → покида́ть impf (pokidátʹ)

напа́сть напасть#Russian

нападу́ нападу#Russian

отсе́чь отсечь#Russian

отсеку́ отсеку#Russian

поки́нуть покинуть#Russian

Used to derive imperfective verbs from certain classes of prefixed perfective verbs, where the stem ends in a non-palatal consonant, e.g. class 3 (-нуть (-nutʹ)), class 6 (some -ать (-atʹ), particularly where the present tense does not end in -аю (-aju)), class 7 (-ть (-tʹ) after a consonant and -ти (-ti)), class 8 (-чь (-čʹ)). Always stressed (which may be the only difference between the perfective and imperfective forms, esp. for class 6 perfectives). It is added to the underlying stem, minus the infinitive suffix. In some cases, the underlying stem is not apparent in the infinitive. In such a case, the stem may appear in the present tense (in class 7 verbs such as напа́сть (napástʹ), underlying stem напа́д- visible in present 1st singular нападу́ (napadú), or in class 8 verbs such as отсе́чь (otséčʹ), underlying stem отсе́к- visible in present 1st singular отсеку́ (otsekú)) or may not (in class 3 verbs in -нуть, e.g. поки́нуть (pokínutʹ), underlying stem поки́д-).

с- (s-) + купи́ть impf (kupítʹ, “to buy”) → скупи́ть pf (skupítʹ, “to buy up”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → скупа́ть impf (skupátʹ)

от- (ot-) + руби́ть impf (rubítʹ, “to chop”) → отруби́ть pf (otrubítʹ, “to chop off”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → отруба́ть impf (otrubátʹ)

ступи́ть pf (stupítʹ, “to tread, to step”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → ступа́ть impf (stupátʹ)

до- (do-) + горе́ть impf (gorétʹ, “to burn”) → догоре́ть pf (dogorétʹ, “to burn down, to burn out”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → догора́ть impf (dogorátʹ)

Occasionally, irregularly used to derive imperfective verbs from (normally but not always prefixed) perfective class 4 (-ить (-itʹ)) and class 5 (some -еть (-etʹ)) verbs where the stem ends in a paired palatal consonant. Always stressed. Does not trigger iotation.


-ать

head

-а́ть • (-átʹ)

-а́ть (canonical)
-átʹ (romanization)
-а́ть (imperfective infinitive)
-а́щий (active participle present)
-а́вший (active participle past)
-а́ (adverbial participle present)
-а́в (adverbial participle past)
-а́вши (adverbial participle past)
-у́ (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -а́ть (first-person future singular)
-и́шь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -а́ть (future second-person singular)
-и́т (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -а́ть (future singular third-person)
-и́м (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -а́ть (first-person future plural)
-и́те (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -а́ть (future plural second-person)
-а́т (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -а́ть (future plural third-person)
-и́ (imperative singular)
-и́те (imperative plural)
-а́л (masculine past singular)
-а́ли (masculine past plural)
-а́ла (feminine past singular)
-а́ли (feminine past plural)
-а́ло (neuter past singular)
-а́ли (neuter past plural)
-а́ть (imperfective infinitive)
-а́щий (active participle present)
-а́вший (active participle past)
-а́ (adverbial participle present)
-а́в (adverbial participle past)
-а́вши (adverbial participle past)
-у́ (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -а́ть (first-person future singular)
-ишь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -а́ть (future second-person singular)
-ит (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -а́ть (future singular third-person)
-им (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -а́ть (first-person future plural)
-ите (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -а́ть (future plural second-person)
-ат (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -а́ть (future plural third-person)
-и́ (imperative singular)
-и́те (imperative plural)
-а́л (masculine past singular)
-а́ли (masculine past plural)
-а́ла (feminine past singular)
-а́ли (feminine past plural)
-а́ло (neuter past singular)
-а́ли (neuter past plural)
-ать (imperfective infinitive)
-ащий (active participle present)
-авший (active participle past)
-а (adverbial participle present)
-ав (adverbial participle past)
-авши (adverbial participle past)
-у (first-person present singular)
бу́ду -ать (first-person future singular)
-ишь (present second-person singular)
бу́дешь -ать (future second-person singular)
-ит (present singular third-person)
бу́дет -ать (future singular third-person)
-им (first-person plural present)
бу́дем -ать (first-person future plural)
-ите (plural present second-person)
бу́дете -ать (future plural second-person)
-ат (plural present third-person)
бу́дут -ать (future plural third-person)
-ь (imperative singular)
-ʹ (imperative singular)
-ьте (imperative plural)
-ал (masculine past singular)
-али (masculine past plural)
-ала (feminine past singular)
-али (feminine past plural)
-ало (neuter past singular)
-али (neuter past plural)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ati, from earlier *-ěti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ēˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₁- (stative suffix).

Used in place of -е́ть (-étʹ) after the hushing sibilants ш щ ч ж, when used to derive class-5 imperfective verbs from nouns, especially onomatopoeic verbs. Probably no longer productive.


-стан

-ста́н • (-stán)

-ста́н (canonical)
-stán (romanization)
-ста́н (nominative singular)
-ста́ны (nominative plural)
-ста́на (genitive singular)
-ста́нов (genitive plural)
-ста́ну (dative singular)
-ста́нам (dative plural)
-ста́н (accusative singular)
-ста́ны (accusative plural)
-ста́ном (instrumental singular)
-ста́нами (instrumental plural)
-ста́не (prepositional singular)
-ста́нах (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from Persian ـِسْتَانْ (-estân, “place of”). Doublet of стан (stan).

bor+

-stan; suffix to form country and province names, especially when added to names of traditionally Muslim ethnic groups.


-ация

-а́ция (canonical)
-ácija (romanization)
-а́ция (nominative singular)
-а́ции (nominative plural)
-а́ции (genitive singular)
-а́ций (genitive plural)
-а́ции (dative singular)
-а́циям (dative plural)
-а́цию (accusative singular)
-а́ции (accusative plural)
-а́цией (instrumental singular)
-а́циею (instrumental singular)
-а́циями (instrumental plural)
-а́ции (prepositional singular)
-а́циях (plural prepositional)

From Latin -ātiō, an alternative form of -tiō.


-ающийся

head

-а́ющийся or -ающийся • (-ájuščijsja or -ajuščijsja)

-а́ющийся (canonical)
-ающийся (canonical)
-ájuščijsja (romanization)
-ajuščijsja (romanization)
-ающийся (masculine nominative)
-ающееся (neuter nominative)
-ающаяся (feminine nominative)
-ающиеся (nominative plural)
-ающегося (genitive masculine neuter)
-ающейся (feminine genitive)
-ающихся (genitive plural)
-ающемуся (dative masculine neuter)
-ающейся (dative feminine)
-ающимся (dative plural)
-ающегося (accusative animate masculine)
-ающееся (accusative neuter)
-ающуюся (accusative feminine)
-ающихся (accusative animate plural)
-ающийся (accusative inanimate masculine)
-ающиеся (accusative inanimate plural)
-ающимся (instrumental masculine neuter)
-ающейся (feminine instrumental)
-ающеюся (feminine instrumental)
-ающимися (instrumental plural)
-ающемся (masculine neuter prepositional)
-ающейся (feminine prepositional)
-ающихся (plural prepositional)

-ing, -ent, -ive (active reflexive present participle: "which is ...-ing")


-еющийся

ru-adj

-е́ющийся • (-éjuščijsja)

-е́ющийся (canonical)
-éjuščijsja (romanization)
-е́ющийся (masculine nominative)
-е́ющееся (neuter nominative)
-е́ющаяся (feminine nominative)
-е́ющиеся (nominative plural)
-е́ющегося (genitive masculine neuter)
-е́ющейся (feminine genitive)
-е́ющихся (genitive plural)
-е́ющемуся (dative masculine neuter)
-е́ющейся (dative feminine)
-е́ющимся (dative plural)
-е́ющегося (accusative animate masculine)
-е́ющееся (accusative neuter)
-е́ющуюся (accusative feminine)
-е́ющихся (accusative animate plural)
-е́ющийся (accusative inanimate masculine)
-е́ющиеся (accusative inanimate plural)
-е́ющимся (instrumental masculine neuter)
-е́ющейся (feminine instrumental)
-е́ющеюся (feminine instrumental)
-е́ющимися (instrumental plural)
-е́ющемся (masculine neuter prepositional)
-е́ющейся (feminine prepositional)
-е́ющихся (plural prepositional)

-ing, -ent, -ive (present participle active: "which is ...-ing").


-либо

some-, any- (indefinite particle used in pronouns)


-ёр

-jór (romanization)
-ёр (nominative singular)
-ёры (nominative plural)
-ёра (genitive singular)
-ёров (genitive plural)
-ёру (dative singular)
-ёрам (dative plural)
-ёра (accusative singular)
-ёров (accusative plural)
-ёром (instrumental singular)
-ёрами (instrumental plural)
-ёре (prepositional singular)
-ёрах (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from French -eur. The suffix was originally borrowed as a part of French-derived words such as жонглёр (žongljór, “juggler”) from French jongleur and дублёр (dubljór, “understudy, stunt double”) from French doubleur, and later extracted out as a productive suffix. In some cases the suffix replaces French -aire in words borrowed from French, e.g. волонтёр (volontjór, “volunteer”) from French volontaire, and English -er in words borrowed from English, e.g. маркёр (markjór, “marker (various senses)”) from English marker.

ша́хта (šáxta, “mine, pit”) + -ёр (-jór) → шахтёр (šaxtjór, “miner, pitman”)

уха́ж(ивать) (uxáž(ivatʹ), “to court, to date”) + -ёр (-jór) → ухажёр (uxažór, “admirer, boyfriend, lady's man”)

Suffix added to nouns and verbs to form agent nouns.


-ев

-ev (romanization)
-ев (masculine nominative possessive)
-ево (neuter nominative possessive)
-ева (feminine nominative possessive)
-евы (nominative plural possessive)
-ева (genitive masculine neuter possessive)
-евой (feminine genitive possessive)
-евых (genitive plural possessive)
-еву (dative masculine neuter possessive)
-евой (dative feminine possessive)
-евым (dative plural possessive)
-ева (accusative animate masculine possessive)
-ево (accusative neuter possessive)
-еву (accusative feminine possessive)
-евых (accusative animate plural possessive)
-ев (accusative inanimate masculine possessive)
-евы (accusative inanimate plural possessive)
-евым (instrumental masculine neuter possessive)
-евой (feminine instrumental possessive)
-евою (feminine instrumental possessive)
-евыми (instrumental plural possessive)
-евом (masculine neuter possessive prepositional)
-евой (feminine possessive prepositional)
-евых (plural possessive prepositional)
-ев (masculine nominative)
-ева (feminine nominative)
-евы (nominative plural)
-ева (genitive masculine)
-евой (feminine genitive)
-евых (genitive plural)
-еву (dative masculine)
-евой (dative feminine)
-евым (dative plural)
-ева (accusative masculine)
-еву (accusative feminine)
-евых (accusative plural)
-евым (instrumental masculine)
-евой (feminine instrumental)
-евою (feminine instrumental rare)
-евыми (instrumental plural)
-еве (masculine prepositional)
-евой (feminine prepositional)
-евых (plural prepositional)

Алексе́ев ― Alekséjev ― of the Alekseis

Серге́ев

а́белев ― ábelev ― abelian

бу́лев ― búlev ― Boolean

Андре́ев ― Andréjev ― Andreyev

Бре́жнев ― Bréžnev ― Brezhnev

Ле́бедев ― Lébedev ― Lebedev

Медве́дев ― Medvédev ― Medvedev

Менделе́ев ― Mendeléjev ― Mendeleev

Никола́ев ― Nikolájev ― Nikolayev

Турге́нев ― Turgénev ― Turgenev

-son, -s. (suffix used in many last names)

вертуха́ев ― vertuxájev ― jailers’

геро́ев

попуга́ев

s’, of (genitive plural ending for some masculine nouns).


-ика

head

-и́ка • (-íka)

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a berry plant.


-ич

-ič (romanization)
-ич (nominative singular)
-ичи (nominative plural)
-ича (genitive singular)
-ичей (genitive plural)
-ичу (dative singular)
-ичам (dative plural)
-ича (accusative singular)
-ичей (accusative plural)
-ичем (instrumental singular)
-ичами (instrumental plural)
-иче (prepositional singular)
-ичах (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Old East Slavic -ичь (-ičĭ), from Proto-Slavic *-iťь.

inh+

И́горь (Ígorʹ, “Igor”) + -ич (-ič) → И́горич (Ígorič, “son of Igor”)

Тимофе́й (Timoféj, “Timothy”) + -ич (-ič) → Тимофе́ич (Timoféič, “son of Timothy”)

A masculine patronymic suffix added to a given name ending in a soft (palatalized) consonant: son of


-ан

head

-а́н • (-án)

друг (drug, “friend”) + -а́н (-án) → друга́н (drugán, “friend, mate”) (familiar)

стари́к (starík, “old man”) + -а́н (-án) → старика́н (starikán, “old man”) (colloquial, familiar)

(colloquial) added to a noun stem, produces a masculine noun with emotional colouring/coloring


-ота

-ота́ • (-otá)

-ота ́ (canonical)
-otá (romanization)
-ота́ (nominative singular)
-о́ты (nominative plural)
-оты́ (genitive singular)
-о́т (genitive plural)
-оте́ (dative singular)
-о́там (dative plural)
-оту́ (accusative singular)
-о́ты (accusative plural)
-ото́й (instrumental singular)
-ото́ю (instrumental singular)
-о́тами (instrumental plural)
-оте́ (prepositional singular)
-о́тах (plural prepositional)

хри́п(лый) (xríp(lyj), “hoarse”) + -ота́ (-otá) → хрипота́ (xripotá, “hoarseness”)

кра́с(ный) (krás(nyj), “beautiful”) (poetic) + -ота́ (-otá) → красота́ (krasotá, “beauty”)

пусто́й (pustój, “empty”) + -ота́ (-otá) → пустота́ (pustotá, “emptiness”)

Suffix appended to adjectives to create a feminine noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a quality.


-ота

-о́та (canonical)
-ота (canonical)
-óta (romanization)
-ota (romanization)
-о́та (nominative singular)
-о́ты (nominative plural)
-о́ты (genitive singular)
-о́т (genitive plural)
-о́те (dative singular)
-о́там (dative plural)
-о́ту (accusative singular)
-о́ты (accusative plural)
-о́той (instrumental singular)
-о́тою (instrumental singular)
-о́тами (instrumental plural)
-о́те (prepositional singular)
-о́тах (plural prepositional)

дрема́ть (dremátʹ, “to sleep”) + -о́та (-óta) → дремо́та (dremóta, “drowsiness”)

лома́ть (lomátʹ, “to ache”) + -о́та (-óta) → ломо́та (lomóta, “aching, pain”)

паха́ть (paxátʹ, “to plow”) + -ота (-ota) → па́хота (páxota, “plowing, plowed field”)

Suffix appended to verbs to create a feminine noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a quality.


-атор

-а́тор • (-átor)

-а́тор (canonical)
-átor (romanization)
-а́тор (nominative singular)
-а́торы (nominative plural)
-а́тора (genitive singular)
-а́торов (genitive plural)
-а́тору (dative singular)
-а́торам (dative plural)
-а́тора (accusative singular)
-а́торов (accusative plural)
-а́тор (accusative singular)
-а́торы (accusative plural)
-а́тором (instrumental singular)
-а́торами (instrumental plural)
-а́торе (prepositional singular)
-а́торах (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from Latin -ātor, from -tor added to verbs in -āre. Influenced by French -ateur, itself a borrowing from the same Latin suffix.

декори́ровать (dekorírovatʹ, “to decorate”) + -а́тор (-átor) → декора́тор (dekorátor, “decorator”)

эксплуати́ровать (ekspluatírovatʹ, “to exploit”) + -а́тор (-átor) → эксплуата́тор (ekspluatátor, “exploiter”)

экзаменова́ть (ekzamenovátʹ, “to test (with an exam)”) + -а́тор (-átor) → экзамена́тор (ekzamenátor, “examiner, tester (someone who administers an exam)”)

-и́ровать -ировать#Russian

-ирова́ть -ировать#Russian

-ова́ть -овать#Russian

Suffix used to form agent nouns (both animate and inanimate) from verbs in -и́ровать (-írovatʹ), -ирова́ть (-irovátʹ) and -ова́ть (-ovátʹ): -ator, -er


-ница

-ница or -ни́ца • (-nica or -níca) f anim or f inan

-ница (canonical)
-ни́ца (canonical)
-nica (romanization)
-níca (romanization)
-ница (nominative singular)
-ни́ца (nominative singular)
-ницы (nominative plural)
-ни́цы (nominative plural)
-ницы (genitive singular)
-ни́цы (genitive singular)
-ниц (genitive plural)
-ни́ц (genitive plural)
-нице (dative singular)
-ни́це (dative singular)
-ницам (dative plural)
-ни́цам (dative plural)
-ницу (accusative singular)
-ни́цу (accusative singular)
-ниц (accusative plural)
-ни́ц (accusative plural)
-ницы (accusative plural)
-ни́цы (accusative plural)
-ницей (instrumental singular)
-ницею (instrumental singular)
-ни́цей (instrumental singular)
-ни́цею (instrumental singular)
-ницами (instrumental plural)
-ни́цами (instrumental plural)
-нице (prepositional singular)
-ни́це (prepositional singular)
-ницах (plural prepositional)
-ни́цах (plural prepositional)


-ко

-ко (canonical)
-ко ́ (canonical)
-ko (romanization)
-kó (romanization)
-ко (nominative singular)
-ко́ (nominative singular)
-ки (irregular nominative plural)
-ки́ (irregular nominative plural)
-ка (genitive singular)
-ка́ (genitive singular)
-ок (genitive plural)
-о́к (genitive plural)
-ку (dative singular)
-ку́ (dative singular)
-кам (dative plural)
-ка́м (dative plural)
-ко (accusative singular)
-ко́ (accusative singular)
-ки (accusative irregular plural)
-ки́ (accusative irregular plural)
-ком (instrumental singular)
-ко́м (instrumental singular)
-ками (instrumental plural)
-ка́ми (instrumental plural)
-ке (prepositional singular)
-ке́ (prepositional singular)
-ках (plural prepositional)
-ка́х (plural prepositional)

я́блоко (jábloko, “apple”) + -ко (-ko) → я́блочко (jábločko, “small apple”)

пи́во (pívo, “beer”) + -ко́ (-kó) → пивко́ (pivkó, “beer”)

се́рдце (sérdce, “heart”) + -ко (-ko) → серде́чко (serdéčko, “small heart; heart symbol”)

ведро́ (vedró, “bucket”) + -ко (-ko) → ведёрко (vedjórko, “small bucket, small pail”)

тихо́нько (tixónʹko, “quiet”) + -ко (-ko) → тихо́нечко (tixónečko, “very quiet”)

солове́й (solovéj, “nightingale”) + -ко (-ko) → солове́йко (solovéjko, “small nightingale”)

Creates diminutives of normally neuter nouns and adverbs, normally having a colloquial register.


-ач

Inherited from Old East Slavic -ачь (-ačĭ), from Proto-Slavic *-ačь.


-ба

-ba (romanization)
-ба (nominative singular)
-бы (nominative plural)
-бы (genitive singular)
-б (genitive plural)
-бе (dative singular)
-бам (dative plural)
-бу (accusative singular)
-бы (accusative plural)
-бой (instrumental singular)
-бою (instrumental singular)
-бами (instrumental plural)
-бе (prepositional singular)
-бах (plural prepositional)

дру́жба

стрельба́


-е

злове́щий (zlovéščij, “ominous”) + -е (-e) → злове́ще (zlovéšče, “ominously”)

неуклю́жий (neukljúžij, “clumsy, awkward”) + -е (-e) → неуклю́же (neukljúže, “clumsily, awkwardly”)

изли́шний (izlíšnij, “excessive”) + -е (-e) → изли́шне (izlíšne, “excessively”)

кра́йний (krájnij, “extreme, utmost”) + -е (-e) → кра́йне (krájne, “extremely, very, too”)

вне́шний (vnéšnij, “outward, outer”) + -е (-e) → вне́шне (vnéšne, “outwardly, externally, outside, outdoors”)

дю́жий (djúžij, “hefty; very strong (low colloquial)”) + -е (-e) → дю́же (djúže, “very (colloquial, dialectal)”)

Alternative form of -о (-o): Suffix added to adjectives to produce adverbs; highly productive; used in place of -о (-o) after palatal consonants, hushing consonants (ч ш щ ж) and ц


-е

ти́хий (tíxij, “quiet”) + -е (-e) → ти́ше (tíše, “quieter”)

ти́хо (tíxo, “quietly”) + -е (-e) → ти́ше (tíše, “more quietly”)

Used to form comparatives from adjectives and adverbs ending in a velar, ie. х г к.


-ло

-ло (canonical)
-ло ́ (canonical)
-lo (romanization)
-ló (romanization)
-ло (nominative singular)
-ло́ (nominative singular)
-ла (nominative plural)
-ла́ (nominative plural)
-ла (genitive singular)
-ла́ (genitive singular)
-л (genitive plural)
-лу (dative singular)
-лу́ (dative singular)
-лам (dative plural)
-ла́м (dative plural)
-ло (accusative singular)
-ло́ (accusative singular)
-ла (accusative plural)
-ла́ (accusative plural)
-лом (instrumental singular)
-ло́м (instrumental singular)
-лами (instrumental plural)
-ла́ми (instrumental plural)
-ле (prepositional singular)
-ле́ (prepositional singular)
-лах (plural prepositional)
-ла́х (plural prepositional)

точи́ть (točítʹ, “to sharpen, to hone”) + -ло (-lo) → точи́ло (točílo, “whetstone, grindstone”)

ора́ть (orátʹ, “to plow”) + -ло (-lo) → ора́ло (orálo, “plowshare”) (archaic)

мыть (mytʹ, “to wash”) + -ло (-lo) → мы́ло (mýlo, “soap”)

скреб- (skreb-, “to scrape”) + -ло́ (-ló) → скребло́ (skrebló, “scraper”)

ме́рить (méritʹ, “to measure”) + -ло (-lo) → мери́ло (merílo, “standard, criterion; measure”)

Suffix appended to verbs to create a neuter noun, normally denoting a tool.

буха́ть (buxátʹ, “to booze, to drink”) (colloquial) + -ло́ (-ló) → бухло́ (buxló, “booze, alcoholic drinks”) (colloquial)

треп(а́ться) (trep(átʹsja), “to blab, to blabber”) (colloquial) + -ло́ (-ló) → трепло́ (trepló, “garrulous person, boastful person, liar”) (colloquial)

еба́ть (jebátʹ, “to fuck”) (vulgar) + -ло (-lo) → еба́ло (jebálo, “face, mug”) (vulgar)

ба́б(ки) (báb(ki), “money”) (slang) + -ло́ (-ló) → бабло́ (babló, “money, dough”) (slang)

Suffix appended to verbs or sometimes other words to create a colloquial or slang neuter noun with various meanings.


-це

-ce (romanization)
-це (nominative singular)
-ца (nominative plural)
-ца (genitive singular)
-ец (genitive plural)
-цу (dative singular)
-цам (dative plural)
-це (accusative singular)
-ца (accusative plural)
-цем (instrumental singular)
-цами (instrumental plural)
-це (prepositional singular)
-цах (plural prepositional)

де́рево (dérevo, “tree”) + -це (-ce) → де́ревце (dérevce, “sapling, little tree”)

копы́то (kopýto, “hoof”) + -це (-ce) → копы́тце (kopýtce, “small hoof”)

волокно́ (voloknó, “fiber, filament”) + -це (-ce) → волоко́нце (volokónce, “small fiber, small filament”)

де́ло (délo, “affair, matter”) + -це (-ce) → де́льце (délʹce, “small matter, small affair”)


-онок

head

-о́нок • (-ónok)

-о́нок (canonical)
-ónok (romanization)
-о́нок (nominative singular)
-а́та (irregular nominative plural)
-о́нка (genitive singular)
-а́т (genitive irregular plural)
-о́нку (dative singular)
-а́там (dative irregular plural)
-о́нка (accusative singular)
-а́т (accusative irregular plural)
-о́нком (instrumental singular)
-а́тами (instrumental irregular plural)
-о́нке (prepositional singular)
-а́тах (irregular plural prepositional)

Alternative form of -ёнок (-jónok) (used after the hushing consonants ч ж ш щ)


-ёнок

-jónok (romanization)
-ёнок (nominative singular)
-я́та (nominative plural)
-ёнка (genitive singular)
-я́т (genitive plural)
-ёнку (dative singular)
-я́там (dative plural)
-ёнка (accusative singular)
-я́т (accusative plural)
-ёнком (instrumental singular)
-я́тами (instrumental plural)
-ёнке (prepositional singular)
-я́тах (plural prepositional)

утёнок

пацанёнок

негритёнок


-ын

-yn (romanization)
-ын (masculine nominative possessive)
-ыно (neuter nominative possessive)
-ына (feminine nominative possessive)
-ыны (nominative plural possessive)
-ыного (genitive masculine neuter possessive)
-ына (genitive masculine neuter obsolete possessive)
-ыной (feminine genitive possessive)
-ыных (genitive plural possessive)
-ыному (dative masculine neuter possessive)
-ыну (dative masculine neuter obsolete possessive)
-ыной (dative feminine possessive)
-ыным (dative plural possessive)
-ыного (accusative animate masculine possessive)
-ына (accusative animate masculine obsolete possessive)
-ыно (accusative neuter possessive)
-ыну (accusative feminine possessive)
-ыных (accusative animate plural possessive)
-ын (accusative inanimate masculine possessive)
-ыны (accusative inanimate plural possessive)
-ыным (instrumental masculine neuter possessive)
-ыной (feminine instrumental possessive)
-ыною (feminine instrumental possessive)
-ыными (instrumental plural possessive)
-ыном (masculine neuter possessive prepositional)
-ыной (feminine possessive prepositional)
-ыных (plural possessive prepositional)
-ын (masculine nominative possessive)
-ыно (neuter nominative possessive)
-ына (feminine nominative possessive)
-ыны (nominative plural possessive)
-ына (genitive masculine neuter possessive)
-ыной (feminine genitive possessive)
-ыных (genitive plural possessive)
-ыну (dative masculine neuter possessive)
-ыной (dative feminine possessive)
-ыным (dative plural possessive)
-ына (accusative animate masculine possessive)
-ыно (accusative neuter possessive)
-ыну (accusative feminine possessive)
-ыных (accusative animate plural possessive)
-ын (accusative inanimate masculine possessive)
-ыны (accusative inanimate plural possessive)
-ыным (instrumental masculine neuter possessive)
-ыной (feminine instrumental possessive)
-ыною (feminine instrumental possessive)
-ыными (instrumental plural possessive)
-ыном (masculine neuter possessive prepositional)
-ыной (feminine possessive prepositional)
-ыных (plural possessive prepositional)
-ын (masculine nominative)
-ына (feminine nominative)
-ыны (nominative plural)
-ына (genitive masculine)
-ыной (feminine genitive)
-ыных (genitive plural)
-ыну (dative masculine)
-ыной (dative feminine)
-ыным (dative plural)
-ына (accusative masculine)
-ыну (accusative feminine)
-ыных (accusative plural)
-ыным (instrumental masculine)
-ыной (feminine instrumental)
-ыною (feminine instrumental rare)
-ыными (instrumental plural)
-ыне (masculine prepositional)
-ыной (feminine prepositional)
-ыных (plural prepositional)

ru-decl-adj

Possessive

Possessive (older)

Used in names

пти́ца (ptíca, “bird”) + -ын (-yn) → пти́цын (ptícyn, “bird's”)

Тро́ица (Tróica, “Trinity”) + -ын (-yn) → Тро́ицын (Tróicyn, “Trinity”) (relational)

Тро́ицын день ― Tróicyn denʹ ― Whitsunday

Alternative form of -ин (-in): 's (possessive suffix)


-ин

-ин (canonical)
-и́н (canonical)
-in (romanization)
-ín (romanization)
-ин (masculine nominative possessive)
-и́н (masculine nominative possessive)
-ино (neuter nominative possessive)
-и́но (neuter nominative possessive)
-ина (feminine nominative possessive)
-и́на (feminine nominative possessive)
-ины (nominative plural possessive)
-и́ны (nominative plural possessive)
-иного (genitive masculine neuter possessive)
-ина (genitive masculine neuter obsolete possessive)
-и́ного (genitive masculine neuter possessive)
-и́на (genitive masculine neuter obsolete possessive)
-иной (feminine genitive possessive)
-и́ной (feminine genitive possessive)
-иных (genitive plural possessive)
-и́ных (genitive plural possessive)
-иному (dative masculine neuter possessive)
-ину (dative masculine neuter obsolete possessive)
-и́ному (dative masculine neuter possessive)
-и́ну (dative masculine neuter obsolete possessive)
-иной (dative feminine possessive)
-и́ной (dative feminine possessive)
-иным (dative plural possessive)
-и́ным (dative plural possessive)
-иного (accusative animate masculine possessive)
-ина (accusative animate masculine obsolete possessive)
-и́ного (accusative animate masculine possessive)
-и́на (accusative animate masculine obsolete possessive)
-ино (accusative neuter possessive)
-и́но (accusative neuter possessive)
-ину (accusative feminine possessive)
-и́ну (accusative feminine possessive)
-иных (accusative animate plural possessive)
-и́ных (accusative animate plural possessive)
-ин (accusative inanimate masculine possessive)
-и́н (accusative inanimate masculine possessive)
-ины (accusative inanimate plural possessive)
-и́ны (accusative inanimate plural possessive)
-иным (instrumental masculine neuter possessive)
-и́ным (instrumental masculine neuter possessive)
-иной (feminine instrumental possessive)
-иною (feminine instrumental possessive)
-и́ной (feminine instrumental possessive)
-и́ною (feminine instrumental possessive)
-иными (instrumental plural possessive)
-и́ными (instrumental plural possessive)
-ином (masculine neuter possessive prepositional)
-и́ном (masculine neuter possessive prepositional)
-иной (feminine possessive prepositional)
-и́ной (feminine possessive prepositional)
-иных (plural possessive prepositional)
-и́ных (plural possessive prepositional)
-ин (masculine nominative possessive)
-и́н (masculine nominative possessive)
-ино (neuter nominative possessive)
-и́но (neuter nominative possessive)
-ина (feminine nominative possessive)
-и́на (feminine nominative possessive)
-ины (nominative plural possessive)
-и́ны (nominative plural possessive)
-ина (genitive masculine neuter possessive)
-и́на (genitive masculine neuter possessive)
-иной (feminine genitive possessive)
-и́ной (feminine genitive possessive)
-иных (genitive plural possessive)
-и́ных (genitive plural possessive)
-ину (dative masculine neuter possessive)
-и́ну (dative masculine neuter possessive)
-иной (dative feminine possessive)
-и́ной (dative feminine possessive)
-иным (dative plural possessive)
-и́ным (dative plural possessive)
-ина (accusative animate masculine possessive)
-и́на (accusative animate masculine possessive)
-ино (accusative neuter possessive)
-и́но (accusative neuter possessive)
-ину (accusative feminine possessive)
-и́ну (accusative feminine possessive)
-иных (accusative animate plural possessive)
-и́ных (accusative animate plural possessive)
-ин (accusative inanimate masculine possessive)
-и́н (accusative inanimate masculine possessive)
-ины (accusative inanimate plural possessive)
-и́ны (accusative inanimate plural possessive)
-иным (instrumental masculine neuter possessive)
-и́ным (instrumental masculine neuter possessive)
-иной (feminine instrumental possessive)
-иною (feminine instrumental possessive)
-и́ной (feminine instrumental possessive)
-и́ною (feminine instrumental possessive)
-иными (instrumental plural possessive)
-и́ными (instrumental plural possessive)
-ином (masculine neuter possessive prepositional)
-и́ном (masculine neuter possessive prepositional)
-иной (feminine possessive prepositional)
-и́ной (feminine possessive prepositional)
-иных (plural possessive prepositional)
-и́ных (plural possessive prepositional)
-ин (masculine nominative)
-и́н (masculine nominative)
-ина (feminine nominative)
-и́на (feminine nominative)
-ины (nominative plural)
-и́ны (nominative plural)
-ина (genitive masculine)
-и́на (genitive masculine)
-иной (feminine genitive)
-и́ной (feminine genitive)
-иных (genitive plural)
-и́ных (genitive plural)
-ину (dative masculine)
-и́ну (dative masculine)
-иной (dative feminine)
-и́ной (dative feminine)
-иным (dative plural)
-и́ным (dative plural)
-ина (accusative masculine)
-и́на (accusative masculine)
-ину (accusative feminine)
-и́ну (accusative feminine)
-иных (accusative plural)
-и́ных (accusative plural)
-иным (instrumental masculine)
-и́ным (instrumental masculine)
-иной (feminine instrumental)
-иною (feminine instrumental rare)
-и́ной (feminine instrumental)
-и́ною (feminine instrumental rare)
-иными (instrumental plural)
-и́ными (instrumental plural)
-ине (masculine prepositional)
-и́не (masculine prepositional)
-иной (feminine prepositional)
-и́ной (feminine prepositional)
-иных (plural prepositional)
-и́ных (plural prepositional)

Possessive

Possessive (older)

Used in names

Inherited from Old East Slavic -инъ (-inŭ), from Proto-Slavic *-inъ.

inh+

Илья́ (Ilʹjá, “Ilya, Elias”) + -и́н (-ín) → Ильи́н (Ilʹín, “Ilya's, Elias's”)

Лу́ка (Lúka, “Luke”) + -ин (-in) → Лу́кин (Lúkin, “Luke's”)

Лу́кин день

Ники́та (Nikíta, “Nikita, Victor”) + -ин (-in) → Ники́тин (Nikítin, “Nikita's, Victor's”)

Са́ша (Sáša, “Sasha”) + -ин (-in) → Са́шин (Sášin, “Sasha's”)

дя́дя (djádja, “uncle”) + -ин (-in) → дя́дин (djádin, “uncle's”)

жена́ (žená, “wife”) + -ин (-in) → же́нин (žénin, “wife's”)

сестра́ (sestrá, “sister”) + -ин (-in) → се́стрин (séstrin, “sister's”)


-ть

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ti, through the variant *-tь.

The infinitive ending of the majority of Russian verbs (some use -ти (-ti) or -чь (-čʹ)).


-ти

The infinitive ending of a minority of Russian verbs; most verbs instead use -ть (-tʹ).


-ий

-ij (romanization)
-ий (masculine nominative possessive)
-ье (neuter nominative possessive)
-ья (feminine nominative possessive)
-ьи (nominative plural possessive)
-ьего (genitive masculine neuter possessive)
-ьей (feminine genitive possessive)
-ьих (genitive plural possessive)
-ьему (dative masculine neuter possessive)
-ьей (dative feminine possessive)
-ьим (dative plural possessive)
-ьего (accusative animate masculine possessive)
-ье (accusative neuter possessive)
-ью (accusative feminine possessive)
-ьих (accusative animate plural possessive)
-ий (accusative inanimate masculine possessive)
-ьи (accusative inanimate plural possessive)
-ьим (instrumental masculine neuter possessive)
-ьей (feminine instrumental possessive)
-ьею (feminine instrumental possessive)
-ьими (instrumental plural possessive)
-ьем (masculine neuter possessive prepositional)
-ьей (feminine possessive prepositional)
-ьих (plural possessive prepositional)

соба́ка (sobáka, “dog”) + -ий (-ij) → соба́чий (sobáčij, “dog (relational);, canine”)

ры́ба (rýba, “fish”) + -ий (-ij) → ры́бий (rýbij, “fish (relational);”)

пти́ца (ptíca, “bird”) + -ий (-ij) → пти́чий (ptíčij, “bird (relational); avian”)

коза́ (kozá, “goat”) + -ий (-ij) → ко́зий (kózij, “goat (relational);”)

лиса́ (lisá, “fox”) + -ий (-ij) → ли́сий (lísij, “fox (relational); vulpine, foxlike”)

стару́шка (starúška, “(little) old lady”) + -ий (-ij) → стару́шечий (starúšečij, “anile, like a crone or old lady”)

ча́йка (čájka, “seagull”) + -ий (-ij) → ча́ячий (čájačij, “seagull (relational); (with irregular -я-)”)

ко́шка (kóška, “cat”) + -ий (-ij) → коша́чий (košáčij, “cat (relational); , feline”) (with irregular -а́-)

бог (box, “god”) + -ий (-ij) → бо́жий (bóžij, “god's, divine”)

деви́ца (devíca, “girl, maiden”) + -ий (-ij) → деви́чий (devíčij, “girl's, girlish”)

ба́ба (bába, “woman”) + -ий (-ij) → ба́бий (bábij, “women's”) (pejorative or in expressions)

ребя́та (rebjáta, “children”) + -ий (-ij) → ребя́чий (rebjáčij, “children's; childish”) (with irregular iotation)

forms relational and possessive adjectives from nouns describing animals and people: -'s, -ine, -ian


-ий

-ij (romanization)
-кий (masculine nominative)
-кое (neuter nominative)
-кая (feminine nominative)
-кие (nominative plural)
-кого (genitive masculine neuter)
-кой (feminine genitive)
-ких (genitive plural)
-кому (dative masculine neuter)
-кой (dative feminine)
-ким (dative plural)
-кого (accusative animate masculine)
-кое (accusative neuter)
-кую (accusative feminine)
-ких (accusative animate plural)
-кий (accusative inanimate masculine)
-кие (accusative inanimate plural)
-ким (instrumental masculine neuter)
-кой (feminine instrumental)
-кою (feminine instrumental)
-кими (instrumental plural)
-ком (masculine neuter prepositional)
-кой (feminine prepositional)
-ких (plural prepositional)
-к (masculine short-form)
-ко (neuter short-form)
-ка (feminine short-form)
-ки (plural short-form)

одно- (odno-, “one”) + нога́ (nogá, “leg”) + -ий (-ij) → одноно́гий (odnonógij, “one-legged”)

жёлтый (žóltyj, “yellow”) + -о- (-o-) + брю́хо (brjúxo, “belly”) + -ий (-ij) → желтобрю́хий (želtobrjúxij, “yellow-bellied”)

без- (bez-, “without”) + лик (lik, “face”) + -ий (-ij) → безли́кий (bezlíkij, “faceless”, literally “no-faced”)


-ий

-ij (romanization)
-жий (masculine nominative)
-жее (neuter nominative)
-жая (feminine nominative)
-жие (nominative plural)
-жего (genitive masculine neuter)
-жей (feminine genitive)
-жих (genitive plural)
-жему (dative masculine neuter)
-жей (dative feminine)
-жим (dative plural)
-жего (accusative animate masculine)
-жее (accusative neuter)
-жую (accusative feminine)
-жих (accusative animate plural)
-жий (accusative inanimate masculine)
-жие (accusative inanimate plural)
-жим (instrumental masculine neuter)
-жей (feminine instrumental)
-жею (feminine instrumental)
-жими (instrumental plural)
-жем (masculine neuter prepositional)
-жей (feminine prepositional)
-жих (plural prepositional)
-ж (masculine short-form)
-же (neuter short-form)
-жа (feminine short-form)
-жи (plural short-form)

сход (sxod, “gathering”) + -ий (-ij) → схо́жий (sxóžij, “similar”)

расходи́ться (rasxodítʹsja, “to sell out”) + -ий (-ij) → расхо́жий (rasxóžij, “popular, in demand”)

бес- (bes-, “without”) + стыд (styd, “shame”) + -ий (-ij) → бессты́жий (besstýžij, “shameless”)

forms adjectives from verbs, verbal nouns and compounds: -ous, -al, etc.

возни́ца (vozníca, “charioteer”) + -ий (-ij) → возни́чий (vozníčij, “charioteer”)

лесни́к (lesník, “woodsman, forest ranger”) + -ий (-ij) → лесни́чий (lesníčij, “woodsman, forest ranger”)

рабо́та (rabóta, “work”) + -ий (-ij) → рабо́чий (rabóčij, “worker; worker's”)

forms adjectives and adjectival nouns from some nouns referring to people


-кать

Suffix used to create verbs denoting onomatopoeic sounds or an expressive action.