"ёрш" meaning in Russian

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jeršítʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "ерши́ться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jeršístyj",
      "word": "ерши́стый"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "joršši",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ingrian: joršši",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ingrian: joršši"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "ёаҏҏьш",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: ёаҏҏьш (jår̥r̥’š)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kildin Sami: ёаҏҏьш (jår̥r̥’š)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*jerъxь",
        "t": "something thorny, jagged"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *jerъxь (“something thorny, jagged”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*(j)erъx-"
      },
      "expansion": "*(j)erъx-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "йорж",
        "t": "ruffe"
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian йорж (jorž, “ruffe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "еро́шить",
        "t": "to ruffle"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian еро́шить (jeróšitʹ, “to ruffle”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "еро́ховый",
        "t": "branchy, gnarly"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian еро́ховый (jeróxovyj, “branchy, gnarly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "erškė̃tis"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian erškė̃tis",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ẽršk̨is",
        "t": "thorn"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian ẽršk̨is (“thorn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Slavic *jerъxь (“something thorny, jagged”), from *(j)erъx-.\nPer Vasmer, the original meaning (still found dialectally) was \"jagged nail\". In the contemporary sense attested since late 15th century.\nCognate with Ukrainian йорж (jorž, “ruffe”). Compare also Russian еро́шить (jeróšitʹ, “to ruffle”), Russian еро́ховый (jeróxovyj, “branchy, gnarly”) (about a tree or wood, dialectal), Lithuanian erškė̃tis, Latvian ẽršk̨is (“thorn”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jorš",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерши́",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерше́й",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ёршик",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sibilant-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-b",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ёрш",
      "roman": "jórš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерши́",
      "roman": "jerší",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́",
      "roman": "jeršá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерше́й",
      "roman": "jeršéj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ершу́",
      "roman": "jeršú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́м",
      "roman": "jeršám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́",
      "roman": "jeršá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерше́й",
      "roman": "jeršéj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ёрш",
      "roman": "jórš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерши́",
      "roman": "jerší",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ершо́м",
      "roman": "jeršóm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́ми",
      "roman": "jeršámi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерше́",
      "roman": "jeršé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́х",
      "roman": "jeršáx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "b",
        "a": "ai",
        "dim": "ёршик"
      },
      "expansion": "ёрш • (jorš) m anim or m inan (genitive ерша́, nominative plural ерши́, genitive plural ерше́й, diminutive ёршик)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jeróšitʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "еро́шить"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "vzʺjeróšitʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "взъеро́шить"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua syn. Acerina cernua)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ёрш-ru-noun-4Rp-hUQu",
      "links": [
        [
          "ruffe",
          "ruffe"
        ],
        [
          "Gymnocephalus cernua",
          "Gymnocephalus cernua#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 48 8 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 73 6 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 44 21 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 48 18 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with multiple animacies",
          "parents": [
            "Nouns with multiple animacies",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 54 8 15",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Cleaning",
          "orig": "ru:Cleaning",
          "parents": [
            "Home",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 71 23 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "ru:Tools",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 44 20 20",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Perch and darters",
          "orig": "ru:Perch and darters",
          "parents": [
            "Percoid fish",
            "Fish",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bristle brush, bottle brush"
      ],
      "id": "en-ёрш-ru-noun-VmlLWjXi",
      "links": [
        [
          "bristle",
          "bristle"
        ],
        [
          "brush",
          "brush"
        ],
        [
          "bottle brush",
          "bottle brush"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "go-devil"
      ],
      "id": "en-ёрш-ru-noun-XZ7GtOuL",
      "links": [
        [
          "go-devil",
          "go-devil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 14 3 76",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Alcoholic beverages",
          "orig": "ru:Alcoholic beverages",
          "parents": [
            "Beverages",
            "Recreational drugs",
            "Drinking",
            "Food and drink",
            "Liquids",
            "Drugs",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Matter",
            "Pharmacology",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Biochemistry",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "Biology"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mixture of vodka and beer"
      ],
      "id": "en-ёрш-ru-noun-Wde23Fbe",
      "links": [
        [
          "mixture",
          "mixture"
        ],
        [
          "of",
          "of"
        ],
        [
          "vodka",
          "vodka"
        ],
        [
          "and",
          "and"
        ],
        [
          "beer",
          "beer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[jɵrʂ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-ерш.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ru:ёрш"
  ],
  "word": "ёрш"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Russian 1-syllable words",
    "Russian animate nouns",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian inanimate nouns",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Russian masculine nouns",
    "Russian nouns",
    "Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
    "Russian nouns with multiple animacies",
    "Russian sibilant-stem masculine-form accent-b nouns",
    "Russian sibilant-stem masculine-form nouns",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian terms with audio links",
    "Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
    "ru:Alcoholic beverages",
    "ru:Cleaning",
    "ru:Perch and darters",
    "ru:Tools"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "jeršítʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "ерши́ться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jeršístyj",
      "word": "ерши́стый"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "joršši",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ingrian: joršši",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ingrian: joršši"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "ёаҏҏьш",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: ёаҏҏьш (jår̥r̥’š)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kildin Sami: ёаҏҏьш (jår̥r̥’š)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*jerъxь",
        "t": "something thorny, jagged"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *jerъxь (“something thorny, jagged”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*(j)erъx-"
      },
      "expansion": "*(j)erъx-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "йорж",
        "t": "ruffe"
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian йорж (jorž, “ruffe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "еро́шить",
        "t": "to ruffle"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian еро́шить (jeróšitʹ, “to ruffle”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "еро́ховый",
        "t": "branchy, gnarly"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian еро́ховый (jeróxovyj, “branchy, gnarly”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "erškė̃tis"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian erškė̃tis",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ẽršk̨is",
        "t": "thorn"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian ẽršk̨is (“thorn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Slavic *jerъxь (“something thorny, jagged”), from *(j)erъx-.\nPer Vasmer, the original meaning (still found dialectally) was \"jagged nail\". In the contemporary sense attested since late 15th century.\nCognate with Ukrainian йорж (jorž, “ruffe”). Compare also Russian еро́шить (jeróšitʹ, “to ruffle”), Russian еро́ховый (jeróxovyj, “branchy, gnarly”) (about a tree or wood, dialectal), Lithuanian erškė̃tis, Latvian ẽršk̨is (“thorn”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jorš",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерши́",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерше́й",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ёршик",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sibilant-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-b",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ёрш",
      "roman": "jórš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерши́",
      "roman": "jerší",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́",
      "roman": "jeršá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерше́й",
      "roman": "jeršéj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ершу́",
      "roman": "jeršú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́м",
      "roman": "jeršám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́",
      "roman": "jeršá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерше́й",
      "roman": "jeršéj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ёрш",
      "roman": "jórš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерши́",
      "roman": "jerší",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ершо́м",
      "roman": "jeršóm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́ми",
      "roman": "jeršámi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерше́",
      "roman": "jeršé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ерша́х",
      "roman": "jeršáx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "b",
        "a": "ai",
        "dim": "ёршик"
      },
      "expansion": "ёрш • (jorš) m anim or m inan (genitive ерша́, nominative plural ерши́, genitive plural ерше́й, diminutive ёршик)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "jeróšitʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "еро́шить"
    },
    {
      "roman": "vzʺjeróšitʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "взъеро́шить"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua syn. Acerina cernua)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ruffe",
          "ruffe"
        ],
        [
          "Gymnocephalus cernua",
          "Gymnocephalus cernua#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bristle brush, bottle brush"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bristle",
          "bristle"
        ],
        [
          "brush",
          "brush"
        ],
        [
          "bottle brush",
          "bottle brush"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "go-devil"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "go-devil",
          "go-devil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mixture of vodka and beer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mixture",
          "mixture"
        ],
        [
          "of",
          "of"
        ],
        [
          "vodka",
          "vodka"
        ],
        [
          "and",
          "and"
        ],
        [
          "beer",
          "beer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[jɵrʂ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-ерш.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Ru-%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ru:ёрш"
  ],
  "word": "ёрш"
}