See про- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for про- meaning in Russian (7.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pro-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pro-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pro",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Proto-Slavic *pro- prefix, from Proto-Slavic *pro.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pro-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "verbal prefixes"
},
"expansion": "про- • (pro-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "pro",
"word": "про"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 12 10 11 11 11 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + -йти́ impf (-jtí) + to go pf (“to go through, to pass by”) → пройти́ (projtí)"
},
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + ступа́ть impf (stupátʹ, “to tread, step”) → проступа́ть pf (prostupátʹ, “to exude, ooze (in a metaphorical sense)”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"through, past (describing an action of passing through a space or an object)"
],
"id": "en-про--ru-prefix-hF3gb29t",
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"past",
"past"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) through, past (describing an action of passing through a space or an object)"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 12 10 11 11 11 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + са́лить impf (sálitʹ, “to grease, apply oil onto something”) → проса́лить pf (prosálitʹ, “to cover something with oil completely”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an action of covering a whole object"
],
"id": "en-про--ru-prefix-hF0w8L82",
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing an action of covering a whole object"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 12 10 11 11 11 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + пусти́ть pf (pustítʹ, “to let”) → пропусти́ть pf (propustítʹ, “to let pass through”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an action of passing by an entity and moving further from an entity"
],
"id": "en-про--ru-prefix-XRE3CCn4",
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing an action of passing by an entity and moving further from an entity"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 12 10 11 11 11 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + штуди́ровать impf (študírovatʹ, “to study (in a form of researching)”) → проштуди́ровать pf (proštudírovatʹ, “to study thoroughly”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an action that entails completeness, exhaustiveness, or accuracy"
],
"id": "en-про--ru-prefix-hOfyE-Us",
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing an action that entails completeness, exhaustiveness, or accuracy"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 12 10 11 11 11 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + визжа́ть impf (vizžátʹ, “to squeal”) → провизжа́ть pf (provizžátʹ, “to squeal (momentarily for a short time)”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing a momentary action with a short duration"
],
"id": "en-про--ru-prefix-p8G~0lpI",
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing a momentary action with a short duration"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 12 10 11 11 11 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + ждать impf (ždatʹ, “to wait”) → прожда́ть pf (proždátʹ, “to wait (for a while, for some time)”)"
},
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + рабо́тать impf (rabótatʹ, “to work”) → прорабо́тать pf (prorabótatʹ, “to work (for a while, for some time)”)"
},
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + сиде́ть impf (sidétʹ, “to sit”) → просиде́ть pf (prosidétʹ, “to sit (for a while, for some time)”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an action that lasts for a certain period of time"
],
"id": "en-про--ru-prefix-xP6f0r9Y",
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing an action that lasts for a certain period of time"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 12 10 11 11 11 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + срок (srok, “period, term”) + -ить (-itʹ) → просро́чить pf (prosróčitʹ, “to expire (time-wise, as time for doing something is lost)”)"
},
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + пасть impf (pastʹ, “to fall”) (figuratively) → пропа́сть pf (propástʹ, “to get lost”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an action that describes losses, expenses, wasting, or forgetting"
],
"id": "en-про--ru-prefix-Siho9uO~",
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing an action that describes losses, expenses, wasting, or forgetting"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + меж (mež, “between”) + уте́чь (utéčʹ, “to pass by”) (deverbal) → промежу́ток (promežútok, “interval”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing a state of being that is located between two entities or among more than two entities"
],
"id": "en-про--ru-prefix-Hd5lwjMT",
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with nouns) describing a state of being that is located between two entities or among more than two entities"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with nouns"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 12 10 11 11 11 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "про́- (pró-) + зелёный (zeljónyj, “green”) + -ь (-ʹ) → про́зелень (prózelenʹ, “greenness”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an initial appearance or insufficiency of characteristics"
],
"id": "en-про--ru-prefix-AmguBYj9",
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with adjectives or nouns) describing an initial appearance or insufficiency of characteristics"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with adjectives or nouns"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[prə]"
},
{
"ipa": "[prɐ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpro]"
}
],
"word": "про-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian prefixes",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian verbal prefixes"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pro-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pro-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pro",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Proto-Slavic *pro- prefix, from Proto-Slavic *pro.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pro-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "verbal prefixes"
},
"expansion": "про- • (pro-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"english": "pro",
"word": "про"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms in nonstandard scripts"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + -йти́ impf (-jtí) + to go pf (“to go through, to pass by”) → пройти́ (projtí)"
},
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + ступа́ть impf (stupátʹ, “to tread, step”) → проступа́ть pf (prostupátʹ, “to exude, ooze (in a metaphorical sense)”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"through, past (describing an action of passing through a space or an object)"
],
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"past",
"past"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) through, past (describing an action of passing through a space or an object)"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + са́лить impf (sálitʹ, “to grease, apply oil onto something”) → проса́лить pf (prosálitʹ, “to cover something with oil completely”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an action of covering a whole object"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing an action of covering a whole object"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + пусти́ть pf (pustítʹ, “to let”) → пропусти́ть pf (propustítʹ, “to let pass through”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an action of passing by an entity and moving further from an entity"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing an action of passing by an entity and moving further from an entity"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + штуди́ровать impf (študírovatʹ, “to study (in a form of researching)”) → проштуди́ровать pf (proštudírovatʹ, “to study thoroughly”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an action that entails completeness, exhaustiveness, or accuracy"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing an action that entails completeness, exhaustiveness, or accuracy"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + визжа́ть impf (vizžátʹ, “to squeal”) → провизжа́ть pf (provizžátʹ, “to squeal (momentarily for a short time)”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing a momentary action with a short duration"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing a momentary action with a short duration"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + ждать impf (ždatʹ, “to wait”) → прожда́ть pf (proždátʹ, “to wait (for a while, for some time)”)"
},
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + рабо́тать impf (rabótatʹ, “to work”) → прорабо́тать pf (prorabótatʹ, “to work (for a while, for some time)”)"
},
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + сиде́ть impf (sidétʹ, “to sit”) → просиде́ть pf (prosidétʹ, “to sit (for a while, for some time)”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an action that lasts for a certain period of time"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing an action that lasts for a certain period of time"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + срок (srok, “period, term”) + -ить (-itʹ) → просро́чить pf (prosróčitʹ, “to expire (time-wise, as time for doing something is lost)”)"
},
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + пасть impf (pastʹ, “to fall”) (figuratively) → пропа́сть pf (propástʹ, “to get lost”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an action that describes losses, expenses, wasting, or forgetting"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with verbs) describing an action that describes losses, expenses, wasting, or forgetting"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with verbs"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "про- (pro-) + меж (mež, “between”) + уте́чь (utéčʹ, “to pass by”) (deverbal) → промежу́ток (promežútok, “interval”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing a state of being that is located between two entities or among more than two entities"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with nouns) describing a state of being that is located between two entities or among more than two entities"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with nouns"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "про́- (pró-) + зелёный (zeljónyj, “green”) + -ь (-ʹ) → про́зелень (prózelenʹ, “greenness”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"describing an initial appearance or insufficiency of characteristics"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(used with adjectives or nouns) describing an initial appearance or insufficiency of characteristics"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"used with adjectives or nouns"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[prə]"
},
{
"ipa": "[prɐ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpro]"
}
],
"word": "про-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.