See перед in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for перед meaning in Russian (8.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "operedítʹ",
"word": "опереди́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "péred tem kak",
"word": "пе́ред тем как"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пере-"
},
"expansion": "пере- (pere-)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "перез"
},
"expansion": "перез (perez)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пред"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of пред (pred)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per-, whence also пере- (pere-), перез (perez). Doublet of пред (pred), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "péred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "preposition",
"head": "пе́ред"
},
"expansion": "пе́ред • (péred)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 41 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front of, before"
],
"id": "en-перед-ru-prep-jwtcZiHA",
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 0 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 0 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"right/immediately before"
],
"id": "en-перед-ru-prep-VUhieCal",
"links": [
[
"right",
"right"
],
[
"immediately",
"immediately"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʲerʲɪt]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pred",
"word": "пред"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "predo",
"word": "предо"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "péred",
"word": "пе́редъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пере-"
},
"expansion": "пере- (pere-)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "перез"
},
"expansion": "перез (perez)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пред"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of пред (pred)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per-, whence also пере- (pere-), перез (perez). Doublet of пред (pred), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "péred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реда",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "передо́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"roman": "peredá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"irregular",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реда",
"roman": "péreda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "передо́в",
"roman": "peredóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"roman": "péredu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́м",
"roman": "peredám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"roman": "peredá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редом",
"roman": "péredom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́ми",
"roman": "peredámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реде",
"roman": "pérede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́х",
"roman": "peredáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "пе́ред",
"3": "(1)"
},
"expansion": "пе́ред • (péred) m inan (genitive пе́реда, nominative plural переда́, genitive plural передо́в)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "зад"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "97 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 0 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 22 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 0 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 0 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"front, forepart"
],
"id": "en-перед-ru-noun-5pqR8pdz",
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"forepart",
"forepart"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "perédnij",
"word": "пере́дний"
},
{
"roman": "perédnik",
"word": "пере́дник"
},
{
"roman": "peredovój",
"word": "передово́й"
},
{
"roman": "peredók",
"word": "передо́к"
},
{
"roman": "perjód",
"word": "перёд"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʲerʲɪt]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "péred",
"word": "пе́редъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian doublets",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-c nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian irregular nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"Russian prepositions",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "operedítʹ",
"word": "опереди́ть"
},
{
"roman": "péred tem kak",
"word": "пе́ред тем как"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пере-"
},
"expansion": "пере- (pere-)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "перез"
},
"expansion": "перез (perez)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пред"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of пред (pred)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per-, whence also пере- (pere-), перез (perez). Doublet of пред (pred), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "péred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "preposition",
"head": "пе́ред"
},
"expansion": "пе́ред • (péred)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"in front of, before"
],
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"right/immediately before"
],
"links": [
[
"right",
"right"
],
[
"immediately",
"immediately"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʲerʲɪt]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "pred",
"word": "пред"
},
{
"roman": "predo",
"word": "предо"
},
{
"roman": "péred",
"word": "пе́редъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
},
{
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian doublets",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-c nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian irregular nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"Russian prepositions",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "передъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*perdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *perdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пере-"
},
"expansion": "пере- (pere-)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "перез"
},
"expansion": "перез (perez)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пред"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of пред (pred)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic передъ (peredŭ), from Proto-Slavic *perdъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per-, whence also пере- (pere-), перез (perez). Doublet of пред (pred), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "péred",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реда",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "передо́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"roman": "peredá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"irregular",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реда",
"roman": "péreda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "передо́в",
"roman": "peredóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реду",
"roman": "péredu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́м",
"roman": "peredám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́ред",
"roman": "péred",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́",
"roman": "peredá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́редом",
"roman": "péredom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́ми",
"roman": "peredámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "пе́реде",
"roman": "pérede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "переда́х",
"roman": "peredáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "пе́ред",
"3": "(1)"
},
"expansion": "пе́ред • (péred) m inan (genitive пе́реда, nominative plural переда́, genitive plural передо́в)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "perédnij",
"word": "пере́дний"
},
{
"roman": "perédnik",
"word": "пере́дник"
},
{
"roman": "peredovój",
"word": "передово́й"
},
{
"roman": "peredók",
"word": "передо́к"
},
{
"roman": "perjód",
"word": "перёд"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "зад"
}
],
"glosses": [
"front, forepart"
],
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"forepart",
"forepart"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʲerʲɪt]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-перед.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Ru-%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "péred",
"word": "пе́редъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
},
{
"english": "before awkward consonant clusters",
"roman": "péredo",
"word": "пе́редо"
}
],
"word": "перед"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.