"карандаш" meaning in Russian

See карандаш in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [kərɐnˈdaʂ] Audio: Ru-карандаш.ogg
Rhymes: -aʂ Etymology: In Russian from the 16–17th centuries. Borrowing from a Turkic language. Compare Turkish karataş (“black slate”), composed of kara (“black”) + taş (“stone”), Tatar кара таш (qara taş, “graphite, black lead”). The origin of epenthetic -н- (-n-) is unclear. Compare каланча́ (kalančá) for the same epenthesis. Etymology templates: {{der|ru|trk}} Turkic, {{cog|tr|karataş||black slate}} Turkish karataş (“black slate”), {{cog|tt|кара таш||graphite, black lead}} Tatar кара таш (qara taş, “graphite, black lead”) Head templates: {{ru-noun+|b|каранда́ш|adj=каранда́шный|dim=каранда́шик}} каранда́ш • (karandáš) m inan (genitive карандаша́, nominative plural карандаши́, genitive plural карандаше́й, relational adjective каранда́шный, diminutive каранда́шик) Forms: каранда́ш [canonical], karandáš [romanization], карандаша́ [genitive], карандаши́ [nominative, plural], карандаше́й [genitive, plural], каранда́шный [adjective, relational], каранда́шик [diminutive], no-table-tags [table-tags], каранда́ш [nominative, singular], карандаши́ [nominative, plural], карандаша́ [genitive, singular], карандаше́й [genitive, plural], карандашу́ [dative, singular], карандаша́м [dative, plural], каранда́ш [accusative, singular], карандаши́ [accusative, plural], карандашо́м [instrumental, singular], карандаша́ми [instrumental, plural], карандаше́ [prepositional, singular], карандаша́х [plural, prepositional], каранда́шъ [alternative]
  1. pencil
    Sense id: en-карандаш-ru-noun-E4CWaPtD Categories (other): Shapes, Writing instruments Disambiguation of Shapes: 14 47 40 Disambiguation of Writing instruments: 37 36 27
  2. (uncountable) pencil marks, pencil drawing Tags: uncountable
    Sense id: en-карандаш-ru-noun-xhbwNEOg Categories (other): Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian links with redundant alt parameters, Russian links with redundant wikilinks, Russian nouns with accent pattern b, Shapes, Writing instruments Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 17 49 34 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 18 49 34 Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 7 54 39 Disambiguation of Russian links with redundant alt parameters: 6 70 25 Disambiguation of Russian links with redundant wikilinks: 8 60 33 Disambiguation of Russian nouns with accent pattern b: 26 41 33 Disambiguation of Shapes: 14 47 40 Disambiguation of Writing instruments: 37 36 27
  3. (by extension) stick (a small, thin cylinder of some material) Tags: broadly
    Sense id: en-карандаш-ru-noun-GKAjXsDj Categories (other): Russian terms with collocations, Shapes, Writing instruments Disambiguation of Shapes: 14 47 40 Disambiguation of Writing instruments: 37 36 27
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: брать на каранда́ш (bratʹ na karandáš) [imperfective], взять на каранда́ш (vzjatʹ na karandáš) [perfective], каранда́шница (karandášnica) [feminine] Related terms: караку́рт (karakúrt) [animate, masculine], карамульту́к (karamulʹtúk) [masculine], ка́рий (kárij), ла́стик (lástik) [masculine], стира́тельная рези́нка (stirátelʹnaja rezínka) [feminine], стира́шка (stiráška) [feminine], точи́лка (točílka) [feminine]
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bratʹ na karandáš",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "брать на каранда́ш"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "vzjatʹ na karandáš",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "взять на каранда́ш"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "karandášnica",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "каранда́шница"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "karandaş",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: karandaş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Azerbaijani: karandaş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "кӑранташ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Chuvash: кӑранташ (kărant̬aš)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Chuvash: кӑранташ (kărant̬aš)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "krandošši",
            "alts": "1",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ingrian: krandošši, krantossi, krandašši",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ingrian: krandošši, krantossi, krandašši"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "қарындаш",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kazakh: қарындаш (qaryndaş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kazakh: қарындаш (qaryndaş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "가름다시",
            "bor": "1",
            "qq": "Yukjin"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 가름다시 (gareumdasi) (Yukjin)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Korean: 가름다시 (gareumdasi) (Yukjin)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mn",
            "2": "харандаа",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Mongolian: харандаа (xarandaa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Mongolian: харандаа (xarandaa)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xal",
            "2": "харнда",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kalmyk: харнда (xarnda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "* → Kalmyk: харнда (xarnda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "карндашш",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: карндашш (karndašš)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kildin Sami: карндашш (karndašš)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sms",
            "2": "karndaš",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Skolt Sami: karndaš",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Skolt Sami: karndaš"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "карандаш",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Southern Altai: карандаш (karandaš)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Southern Altai: карандаш (karandaš)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sah",
            "2": "харандаас",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Yakut: харандаас (qarandaas)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Yakut: харандаас (qarandaas)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "esu",
            "2": "kalantaassaq",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Yup'ik: kalantaassaq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Yup'ik: kalantaassaq"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "trk"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "karataş",
        "3": "",
        "4": "black slate"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish karataş (“black slate”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tt",
        "2": "кара таш",
        "3": "",
        "4": "graphite, black lead"
      },
      "expansion": "Tatar кара таш (qara taş, “graphite, black lead”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "In Russian from the 16–17th centuries. Borrowing from a Turkic language. Compare Turkish karataş (“black slate”), composed of kara (“black”) + taş (“stone”), Tatar кара таш (qara taş, “graphite, black lead”). The origin of epenthetic -н- (-n-) is unclear. Compare каланча́ (kalančá) for the same epenthesis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "каранда́ш",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karandáš",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаша́",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаши́",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаше́й",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "каранда́шный",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "каранда́шик",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sibilant-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-b",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "каранда́ш",
      "roman": "karandáš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаши́",
      "roman": "karandaší",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаша́",
      "roman": "karandašá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаше́й",
      "roman": "karandašéj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандашу́",
      "roman": "karandašú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаша́м",
      "roman": "karandašám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "каранда́ш",
      "roman": "karandáš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаши́",
      "roman": "karandaší",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандашо́м",
      "roman": "karandašóm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаша́ми",
      "roman": "karandašámi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаше́",
      "roman": "karandašé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаша́х",
      "roman": "karandašáx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "каранда́шъ",
      "roman": "karandáš",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "b",
        "2": "каранда́ш",
        "adj": "каранда́шный",
        "dim": "каранда́шик"
      },
      "expansion": "каранда́ш • (karandáš) m inan (genitive карандаша́, nominative plural карандаши́, genitive plural карандаше́й, relational adjective каранда́шный, diminutive каранда́шик)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "karakúrt",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "караку́рт"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "karamulʹtúk",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "карамульту́к"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kárij",
      "word": "ка́рий"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "lástik",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ла́стик"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "stirátelʹnaja rezínka",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "стира́тельная рези́нка"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "stiráška",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "стира́шка"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "točílka",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "точи́лка"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 47 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Shapes",
          "orig": "ru:Shapes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 36 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Writing instruments",
          "orig": "ru:Writing instruments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              20
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Do you have a pencil?",
          "roman": "U tebjá jestʹ karandáš?",
          "text": "У тебя́ есть каранда́ш?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pencil"
      ],
      "id": "en-карандаш-ru-noun-E4CWaPtD",
      "links": [
        [
          "pencil",
          "pencil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 49 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 49 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 54 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 70 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 60 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 41 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 47 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Shapes",
          "orig": "ru:Shapes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 36 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Writing instruments",
          "orig": "ru:Writing instruments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pencil marks, pencil drawing"
      ],
      "id": "en-карандаш-ru-noun-xhbwNEOg",
      "links": [
        [
          "pencil",
          "pencil"
        ],
        [
          "mark",
          "mark"
        ],
        [
          "drawing",
          "drawing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) pencil marks, pencil drawing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms with collocations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 47 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Shapes",
          "orig": "ru:Shapes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 36 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Writing instruments",
          "orig": "ru:Writing instruments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "english": "glue stick",
          "roman": "kléjaščij karandáš",
          "text": "кле́ящий каранда́ш",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              23,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "english": "silver nitrate caustic stick",
          "roman": "ljápisnyj karandáš",
          "text": "ля́писный каранда́ш",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stick (a small, thin cylinder of some material)"
      ],
      "id": "en-карандаш-ru-noun-GKAjXsDj",
      "links": [
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) stick (a small, thin cylinder of some material)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kərɐnˈdaʂ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-карандаш.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%88.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%88.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%88.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aʂ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "карандаш"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Russian/aʂ",
    "Rhymes:Russian/aʂ/3 syllables",
    "Russian 3-syllable words",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian inanimate nouns",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Russian masculine nouns",
    "Russian nouns",
    "Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
    "Russian sibilant-stem masculine-form accent-b nouns",
    "Russian sibilant-stem masculine-form nouns",
    "Russian terms derived from Turkic languages",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "ru:Shapes",
    "ru:Writing instruments"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "bratʹ na karandáš",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "брать на каранда́ш"
    },
    {
      "roman": "vzjatʹ na karandáš",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "взять на каранда́ш"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karandášnica",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "каранда́шница"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "karandaş",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: karandaş",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Azerbaijani: karandaş"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "кӑранташ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Chuvash: кӑранташ (kărant̬aš)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Chuvash: кӑранташ (kărant̬aš)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "krandošši",
            "alts": "1",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ingrian: krandošši, krantossi, krandašši",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ingrian: krandošši, krantossi, krandašši"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "қарындаш",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kazakh: қарындаш (qaryndaş)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kazakh: қарындаш (qaryndaş)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "가름다시",
            "bor": "1",
            "qq": "Yukjin"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 가름다시 (gareumdasi) (Yukjin)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Korean: 가름다시 (gareumdasi) (Yukjin)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mn",
            "2": "харандаа",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Mongolian: харандаа (xarandaa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Mongolian: харандаа (xarandaa)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xal",
            "2": "харнда",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kalmyk: харнда (xarnda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "* → Kalmyk: харнда (xarnda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "карндашш",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: карндашш (karndašš)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kildin Sami: карндашш (karndašš)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sms",
            "2": "karndaš",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Skolt Sami: karndaš",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Skolt Sami: karndaš"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "карандаш",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Southern Altai: карандаш (karandaš)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Southern Altai: карандаш (karandaš)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sah",
            "2": "харандаас",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Yakut: харандаас (qarandaas)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Yakut: харандаас (qarandaas)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "esu",
            "2": "kalantaassaq",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Yup'ik: kalantaassaq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Yup'ik: kalantaassaq"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "trk"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "karataş",
        "3": "",
        "4": "black slate"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish karataş (“black slate”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tt",
        "2": "кара таш",
        "3": "",
        "4": "graphite, black lead"
      },
      "expansion": "Tatar кара таш (qara taş, “graphite, black lead”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "In Russian from the 16–17th centuries. Borrowing from a Turkic language. Compare Turkish karataş (“black slate”), composed of kara (“black”) + taş (“stone”), Tatar кара таш (qara taş, “graphite, black lead”). The origin of epenthetic -н- (-n-) is unclear. Compare каланча́ (kalančá) for the same epenthesis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "каранда́ш",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karandáš",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаша́",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаши́",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаше́й",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "каранда́шный",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "каранда́шик",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sibilant-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-b",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "каранда́ш",
      "roman": "karandáš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаши́",
      "roman": "karandaší",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаша́",
      "roman": "karandašá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаше́й",
      "roman": "karandašéj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандашу́",
      "roman": "karandašú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаша́м",
      "roman": "karandašám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "каранда́ш",
      "roman": "karandáš",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаши́",
      "roman": "karandaší",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандашо́м",
      "roman": "karandašóm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаша́ми",
      "roman": "karandašámi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаше́",
      "roman": "karandašé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "карандаша́х",
      "roman": "karandašáx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "каранда́шъ",
      "roman": "karandáš",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "b",
        "2": "каранда́ш",
        "adj": "каранда́шный",
        "dim": "каранда́шик"
      },
      "expansion": "каранда́ш • (karandáš) m inan (genitive карандаша́, nominative plural карандаши́, genitive plural карандаше́й, relational adjective каранда́шный, diminutive каранда́шик)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "karakúrt",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "караку́рт"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karamulʹtúk",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "карамульту́к"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kárij",
      "word": "ка́рий"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lástik",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ла́стик"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stirátelʹnaja rezínka",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "стира́тельная рези́нка"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stiráška",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "стира́шка"
    },
    {
      "roman": "točílka",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "точи́лка"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              20
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Do you have a pencil?",
          "roman": "U tebjá jestʹ karandáš?",
          "text": "У тебя́ есть каранда́ш?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pencil"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pencil",
          "pencil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pencil marks, pencil drawing"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pencil",
          "pencil"
        ],
        [
          "mark",
          "mark"
        ],
        [
          "drawing",
          "drawing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) pencil marks, pencil drawing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian terms with collocations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "english": "glue stick",
          "roman": "kléjaščij karandáš",
          "text": "кле́ящий каранда́ш",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              23,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "english": "silver nitrate caustic stick",
          "roman": "ljápisnyj karandáš",
          "text": "ля́писный каранда́ш",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stick (a small, thin cylinder of some material)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) stick (a small, thin cylinder of some material)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kərɐnˈdaʂ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-карандаш.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%88.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%88.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%88.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aʂ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "карандаш"
}

Download raw JSONL data for карандаш meaning in Russian (9.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.