"трудный" meaning in Russian

See трудный in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [ˈtrudnɨj] Audio: Ru-трудный.ogg
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ. By surface analysis, труд (trud) + -ный (-nyj). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ru|sla-pro|*trudьnъ|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ, {{inh+|ru|sla-pro|*trudьnъ}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ, {{surf|ru|труд|-ный}} By surface analysis, труд (trud) + -ный (-nyj) Head templates: {{ru-adj|тру́дный|трудне́е|трудне́йший}} тру́дный • (trúdnyj) (comparative (по)трудне́е or (по)трудне́й, superlative трудне́йший) Inflection templates: {{ru-decl-adj|тру́дный|c'*}} Forms: тру́дный [canonical], trúdnyj [romanization], (по)трудне́е [comparative], (по)трудне́й [comparative], трудне́йший [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], тру́дный [masculine, nominative], тру́дное [neuter, nominative], тру́дная [feminine, nominative], тру́дные [nominative, plural], тру́дного [genitive, masculine, neuter], тру́дной [feminine, genitive], тру́дных [genitive, plural], тру́дному [dative, masculine, neuter], тру́дной [dative, feminine], тру́дным [dative, plural], тру́дного [accusative, animate, masculine], тру́дное [accusative, neuter], тру́дную [accusative, feminine], тру́дных [accusative, animate, plural], тру́дный [accusative, inanimate, masculine], тру́дные [accusative, inanimate, plural], тру́дным [instrumental, masculine, neuter], тру́дной [feminine, instrumental], тру́дною [feminine, instrumental], тру́дными [instrumental, plural], тру́дном [masculine, neuter, prepositional], тру́дной [feminine, prepositional], тру́дных [plural, prepositional], тру́ден [masculine, short-form], тру́дно [neuter, short-form], трудна́ [feminine, short-form], трудны́ [plural, short-form], тру́дны [plural, short-form]
  1. hard, difficult [with dative or для (dlja, + genitive) ‘for someone’] Synonyms: тяжёлый, запу́танный, сло́жный Derived forms: тру́дность (trúdnostʹ), тру́дно (trúdno) Related terms: труди́ться (trudítʹsja), затрудня́ть (zatrudnjátʹ), затрудни́ть (zatrudnítʹ), затрудня́ться (zatrudnjátʹsja)
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*trudьnъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*trudьnъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "труд",
        "3": "-ный"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, труд (trud) + -ный (-nyj)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ. By surface analysis, труд (trud) + -ный (-nyj).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "тру́дный",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trúdnyj",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(по)трудне́е",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(по)трудне́й",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "трудне́йший",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cʹ*",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дный",
      "roman": "trúdnyj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дное",
      "roman": "trúdnoje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дная",
      "roman": "trúdnaja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дные",
      "roman": "trúdnyje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дного",
      "roman": "trúdnovo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дной",
      "roman": "trúdnoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дных",
      "roman": "trúdnyx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дному",
      "roman": "trúdnomu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дной",
      "roman": "trúdnoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дным",
      "roman": "trúdnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дного",
      "roman": "trúdnovo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "animate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дное",
      "roman": "trúdnoje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дную",
      "roman": "trúdnuju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дных",
      "roman": "trúdnyx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "animate",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дный",
      "roman": "trúdnyj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дные",
      "roman": "trúdnyje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "inanimate",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дным",
      "roman": "trúdnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дной",
      "roman": "trúdnoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дною",
      "roman": "trúdnoju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дными",
      "roman": "trúdnymi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дном",
      "roman": "trúdnom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дной",
      "roman": "trúdnoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дных",
      "roman": "trúdnyx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́ден",
      "roman": "trúden",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дно",
      "roman": "trúdno",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "трудна́",
      "roman": "trudná",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "трудны́",
      "roman": "trudný",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дны",
      "roman": "trúdny",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "short-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "тру́дный",
        "2": "трудне́е",
        "3": "трудне́йший"
      },
      "expansion": "тру́дный • (trúdnyj) (comparative (по)трудне́е or (по)трудне́й, superlative трудне́йший)",
      "name": "ru-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "тру́дный",
        "2": "c'*"
      },
      "name": "ru-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian adjectives with reducible short stem",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian adjectives with short accent pattern cʹ",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ный",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "trúdnostʹ",
          "word": "тру́дность"
        },
        {
          "roman": "trúdno",
          "word": "тру́дно"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard, difficult"
      ],
      "id": "en-трудный-ru-adj-tGyzzOgt",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "dat/:для(gen)<for someone>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative or для (dlja, + genitive) ‘for someone’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "dative"
            ],
            "words": [
              "для",
              "(dlja",
              "+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘for",
              "someone’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard, difficult [with dative or для (dlja, + genitive) ‘for someone’]"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "trudítʹsja",
          "word": "труди́ться"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zatrudnjátʹ",
          "word": "затрудня́ть"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zatrudnítʹ",
          "word": "затрудни́ть"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zatrudnjátʹsja",
          "word": "затрудня́ться"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "тяжёлый"
        },
        {
          "word": "запу́танный"
        },
        {
          "word": "сло́жный"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈtrudnɨj]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-трудный.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7e/Ru-%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Ru-%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "трудный"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "trúdnostʹ",
      "word": "тру́дность"
    },
    {
      "roman": "trúdno",
      "word": "тру́дно"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*trudьnъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*trudьnъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "труд",
        "3": "-ный"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, труд (trud) + -ный (-nyj)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ. By surface analysis, труд (trud) + -ный (-nyj).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "тру́дный",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trúdnyj",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(по)трудне́е",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "(по)трудне́й",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "трудне́йший",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cʹ*",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дный",
      "roman": "trúdnyj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дное",
      "roman": "trúdnoje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дная",
      "roman": "trúdnaja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дные",
      "roman": "trúdnyje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дного",
      "roman": "trúdnovo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дной",
      "roman": "trúdnoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дных",
      "roman": "trúdnyx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дному",
      "roman": "trúdnomu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дной",
      "roman": "trúdnoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дным",
      "roman": "trúdnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дного",
      "roman": "trúdnovo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "animate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дное",
      "roman": "trúdnoje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дную",
      "roman": "trúdnuju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дных",
      "roman": "trúdnyx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "animate",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дный",
      "roman": "trúdnyj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дные",
      "roman": "trúdnyje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "inanimate",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дным",
      "roman": "trúdnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дной",
      "roman": "trúdnoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дною",
      "roman": "trúdnoju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дными",
      "roman": "trúdnymi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дном",
      "roman": "trúdnom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дной",
      "roman": "trúdnoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дных",
      "roman": "trúdnyx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́ден",
      "roman": "trúden",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дно",
      "roman": "trúdno",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "трудна́",
      "roman": "trudná",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "трудны́",
      "roman": "trudný",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "short-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "тру́дны",
      "roman": "trúdny",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "short-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "тру́дный",
        "2": "трудне́е",
        "3": "трудне́йший"
      },
      "expansion": "тру́дный • (trúdnyj) (comparative (по)трудне́е or (по)трудне́й, superlative трудне́йший)",
      "name": "ru-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "тру́дный",
        "2": "c'*"
      },
      "name": "ru-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "trudítʹsja",
      "word": "труди́ться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zatrudnjátʹ",
      "word": "затрудня́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zatrudnítʹ",
      "word": "затрудни́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zatrudnjátʹsja",
      "word": "затрудня́ться"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Russian 2-syllable words",
        "Russian adjectives",
        "Russian adjectives with reducible short stem",
        "Russian adjectives with short accent pattern cʹ",
        "Russian adjectives with short forms",
        "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Russian hard-stem stem-stressed adjectives",
        "Russian lemmas",
        "Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms suffixed with -ный",
        "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard, difficult"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "dat/:для(gen)<for someone>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative or для (dlja, + genitive) ‘for someone’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "dative"
            ],
            "words": [
              "для",
              "(dlja",
              "+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘for",
              "someone’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "hard, difficult [with dative or для (dlja, + genitive) ‘for someone’]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "тяжёлый"
        },
        {
          "word": "запу́танный"
        },
        {
          "word": "сло́жный"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈtrudnɨj]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-трудный.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7e/Ru-%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Ru-%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "трудный"
}

Download raw JSONL data for трудный meaning in Russian (6.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.