"смягчать" meaning in Russian

See смягчать in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [smʲɪxˈt͡ɕætʲ]
Etymology: смягчи́ть (smjaxčítʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ) Etymology templates: {{af|ru|смягчи́ть|-а́ть}} смягчи́ть (smjaxčítʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ) Head templates: {{ru-verb|смягча́ть|impf|pf=смягчи́ть}} смягча́ть • (smjaxčátʹ) impf (perfective смягчи́ть) Inflection templates: {{ru-conj|impf|1a|смягча́ть}} Forms: смягча́ть [canonical], smjaxčátʹ [romanization], смягчи́ть [perfective], imperfective transitive [table-tags], смягча́ть [imperfective, infinitive], смягча́ющий [active, participle, present], смягча́вший [active, participle, past], смягча́емый [participle, passive, present], - [participle, passive, past], смягча́я [adverbial, participle, present], смягча́в [adverbial, participle, past], смягча́вши [adverbial, participle, past], смягча́ю [first-person, present, singular], бу́ду смягча́ть [first-person, future, singular], смягча́ешь [present, second-person, singular], бу́дешь смягча́ть [future, second-person, singular], смягча́ет [present, singular, third-person], бу́дет смягча́ть [future, singular, third-person], смягча́ем [first-person, plural, present], бу́дем смягча́ть [first-person, future, plural], смягча́ете [plural, present, second-person], бу́дете смягча́ть [future, plural, second-person], смягча́ют [plural, present, third-person], бу́дут смягча́ть [future, plural, third-person], смягча́й [imperative, singular], смягча́йте [imperative, plural], смягча́л [masculine, past, singular], смягча́ли [masculine, past, plural], смягча́ла [feminine, past, singular], смягча́ли [feminine, past, plural], смягча́ло [neuter, past, singular], смягча́ли [neuter, past, plural]
  1. to soften, to extenuate
    Sense id: en-смягчать-ru-verb-StR~9Xpx
  2. to allay, to assuage, to mitigate, to alleviate
    Sense id: en-смягчать-ru-verb-jCkNhfuX
  3. to tone down light, colors
    Sense id: en-смягчать-ru-verb-2paidB3P
  4. to relax harshness
    Sense id: en-смягчать-ru-verb-wuFxlqtR Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian terms suffixed with -ать Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 7 9 11 61 7 7 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 8 9 67 5 5 Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 9 9 11 56 6 8 Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -ать: 9 15 14 44 9 9
  5. to mollify
    Sense id: en-смягчать-ru-verb-9Svv6RxM
  6. to palatalize
    Sense id: en-смягчать-ru-verb-Xv2co7RM
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: мя́гкий (mjáxkij), смягче́ние (smjaxčénije) 
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "смягчи́ть",
        "3": "-а́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "смягчи́ть (smjaxčítʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "смягчи́ть (smjaxčítʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "смягча́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smjaxčátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягчи́ть",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ть",
      "roman": "smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ющий",
      "roman": "smjaxčájuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́вший",
      "roman": "smjaxčávšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́емый",
      "roman": "smjaxčájemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́я",
      "roman": "smjaxčája",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́в",
      "roman": "smjaxčáv",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́вши",
      "roman": "smjaxčávši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ю",
      "roman": "smjaxčáju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdu smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ешь",
      "roman": "smjaxčáješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ет",
      "roman": "smjaxčájet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdet smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ем",
      "roman": "smjaxčájem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdem smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ете",
      "roman": "smjaxčájete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdete smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ют",
      "roman": "smjaxčájut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdut smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́й",
      "roman": "smjaxčáj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́йте",
      "roman": "smjaxčájte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́л",
      "roman": "smjaxčál",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ли",
      "roman": "smjaxčáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ла",
      "roman": "smjaxčála",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ли",
      "roman": "smjaxčáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ло",
      "roman": "smjaxčálo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ли",
      "roman": "smjaxčáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "смягча́ть",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "смягчи́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "смягча́ть • (smjaxčátʹ) impf (perfective смягчи́ть)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a",
        "3": "смягча́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "mjáxkij",
      "word": "мя́гкий"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "smjaxčénije",
      "word": "смягче́ние"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to soften, to extenuate"
      ],
      "id": "en-смягчать-ru-verb-StR~9Xpx",
      "links": [
        [
          "soften",
          "soften"
        ],
        [
          "extenuate",
          "extenuate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to allay, to assuage, to mitigate, to alleviate"
      ],
      "id": "en-смягчать-ru-verb-jCkNhfuX",
      "links": [
        [
          "allay",
          "allay"
        ],
        [
          "assuage",
          "assuage"
        ],
        [
          "mitigate",
          "mitigate"
        ],
        [
          "alleviate",
          "alleviate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to tone down light, colors"
      ],
      "id": "en-смягчать-ru-verb-2paidB3P",
      "links": [
        [
          "tone down",
          "tone down"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 9 11 61 7 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 8 9 67 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 9 11 56 6 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 15 14 44 9 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to relax harshness"
      ],
      "id": "en-смягчать-ru-verb-wuFxlqtR",
      "links": [
        [
          "relax",
          "relax"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to mollify"
      ],
      "id": "en-смягчать-ru-verb-9Svv6RxM",
      "links": [
        [
          "mollify",
          "mollify"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to palatalize"
      ],
      "id": "en-смягчать-ru-verb-Xv2co7RM",
      "links": [
        [
          "palatalize",
          "palatalize"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[smʲɪxˈt͡ɕætʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "смягчать"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Russian 2-syllable words",
    "Russian class 1 verbs",
    "Russian class 1a verbs",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian imperfective verbs",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian transitive verbs",
    "Russian verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "смягчи́ть",
        "3": "-а́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "смягчи́ть (smjaxčítʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "смягчи́ть (smjaxčítʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "смягча́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "smjaxčátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягчи́ть",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ть",
      "roman": "smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ющий",
      "roman": "smjaxčájuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́вший",
      "roman": "smjaxčávšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́емый",
      "roman": "smjaxčájemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́я",
      "roman": "smjaxčája",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́в",
      "roman": "smjaxčáv",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́вши",
      "roman": "smjaxčávši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ю",
      "roman": "smjaxčáju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdu smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ешь",
      "roman": "smjaxčáješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ет",
      "roman": "smjaxčájet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdet smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ем",
      "roman": "smjaxčájem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdem smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ете",
      "roman": "smjaxčájete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdete smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ют",
      "roman": "smjaxčájut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут смягча́ть",
      "roman": "búdut smjaxčátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́й",
      "roman": "smjaxčáj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́йте",
      "roman": "smjaxčájte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́л",
      "roman": "smjaxčál",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ли",
      "roman": "smjaxčáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ла",
      "roman": "smjaxčála",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ли",
      "roman": "smjaxčáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ло",
      "roman": "smjaxčálo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "смягча́ли",
      "roman": "smjaxčáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "смягча́ть",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "смягчи́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "смягча́ть • (smjaxčátʹ) impf (perfective смягчи́ть)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a",
        "3": "смягча́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "mjáxkij",
      "word": "мя́гкий"
    },
    {
      "roman": "smjaxčénije",
      "word": "смягче́ние"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to soften, to extenuate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soften",
          "soften"
        ],
        [
          "extenuate",
          "extenuate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to allay, to assuage, to mitigate, to alleviate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "allay",
          "allay"
        ],
        [
          "assuage",
          "assuage"
        ],
        [
          "mitigate",
          "mitigate"
        ],
        [
          "alleviate",
          "alleviate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to tone down light, colors"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tone down",
          "tone down"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to relax harshness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "relax",
          "relax"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to mollify"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mollify",
          "mollify"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to palatalize"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "palatalize",
          "palatalize"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[smʲɪxˈt͡ɕætʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "смягчать"
}

Download raw JSONL data for смягчать meaning in Russian (5.7kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (0c45963 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.