"сдерживать" meaning in Russian

See сдерживать in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [ˈzʲdʲerʐɨvətʲ] Audio: Ru-сдерживать.ogg
Etymology: From сдержа́ть (sderžátʹ) + -ивать (-ivatʹ). Etymology templates: {{af|ru|сдержа́ть|-ивать}} сдержа́ть (sderžátʹ) + -ивать (-ivatʹ) Head templates: {{ru-verb|сде́рживать|impf|pf=сдержа́ть}} сде́рживать • (sdérživatʹ) impf (perfective сдержа́ть) Inflection templates: {{ru-conj|impf|1a|сде́рживать}} Forms: сде́рживать [canonical], sdérživatʹ [romanization], сдержа́ть [perfective], imperfective transitive [table-tags], сде́рживать [imperfective, infinitive], сде́рживающий [active, participle, present], сде́рживавший [active, participle, past], сде́рживаемый [participle, passive, present], - [participle, passive, past], сде́рживая [adverbial, participle, present], сде́рживав [adverbial, participle, past], сде́рживавши [adverbial, participle, past], сде́рживаю [first-person, present, singular], бу́ду сде́рживать [first-person, future, singular], сде́рживаешь [present, second-person, singular], бу́дешь сде́рживать [future, second-person, singular], сде́рживает [present, singular, third-person], бу́дет сде́рживать [future, singular, third-person], сде́рживаем [first-person, plural, present], бу́дем сде́рживать [first-person, future, plural], сде́рживаете [plural, present, second-person], бу́дете сде́рживать [future, plural, second-person], сде́рживают [plural, present, third-person], бу́дут сде́рживать [future, plural, third-person], сде́рживай [imperative, singular], сде́рживайте [imperative, plural], сде́рживал [masculine, past, singular], сде́рживали [masculine, past, plural], сде́рживала [feminine, past, singular], сде́рживали [feminine, past, plural], сде́рживало [neuter, past, singular], сде́рживали [neuter, past, plural]
  1. to hold in, to hold back, to keep back, to restrain, to hold in check, to contain, to deter
    Sense id: en-сдерживать-ru-verb-ESeO4WeJ Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian terms suffixed with -ивать Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 87 13 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 93 7 Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 86 14 Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -ивать: 84 16
  2. to keep (promise, word)
    Sense id: en-сдерживать-ru-verb-fjZayuRY
     
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "сдержа́ть",
        "3": "-ивать"
      },
      "expansion": "сдержа́ть (sderžátʹ) + -ивать (-ivatʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From сдержа́ть (sderžátʹ) + -ивать (-ivatʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "сде́рживать",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sdérživatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сдержа́ть",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживать",
      "roman": "sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживающий",
      "roman": "sdérživajuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживавший",
      "roman": "sdérživavšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживаемый",
      "roman": "sdérživajemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживая",
      "roman": "sdérživaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживав",
      "roman": "sdérživav",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживавши",
      "roman": "sdérživavši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживаю",
      "roman": "sdérživaju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdu sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживаешь",
      "roman": "sdérživaješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdešʹ sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживает",
      "roman": "sdérživajet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdet sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживаем",
      "roman": "sdérživajem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdem sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживаете",
      "roman": "sdérživajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdete sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживают",
      "roman": "sdérživajut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdut sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживай",
      "roman": "sdérživaj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживайте",
      "roman": "sdérživajte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживал",
      "roman": "sdéržival",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживали",
      "roman": "sdérživali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживала",
      "roman": "sdérživala",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживали",
      "roman": "sdérživali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживало",
      "roman": "sdérživalo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживали",
      "roman": "sdérživali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "сде́рживать",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "сдержа́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "сде́рживать • (sdérživatʹ) impf (perfective сдержа́ть)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a",
        "3": "сде́рживать"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "87 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "93 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "86 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "84 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ивать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to hold in, to hold back, to keep back, to restrain, to hold in check, to contain, to deter"
      ],
      "id": "en-сдерживать-ru-verb-ESeO4WeJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "hold",
          "hold"
        ],
        [
          "keep",
          "keep"
        ],
        [
          "restrain",
          "restrain"
        ],
        [
          "contain",
          "contain"
        ],
        [
          "deter",
          "deter"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to keep (promise, word)"
      ],
      "id": "en-сдерживать-ru-verb-fjZayuRY",
      "links": [
        [
          "keep",
          "keep"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈzʲdʲerʐɨvətʲ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-сдерживать.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/Ru-%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg/Ru-%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Ru-%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "сдерживать"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Russian 3-syllable words",
    "Russian class 1 verbs",
    "Russian class 1a verbs",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian imperfective verbs",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian terms suffixed with -ивать",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian transitive verbs",
    "Russian verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "сдержа́ть",
        "3": "-ивать"
      },
      "expansion": "сдержа́ть (sderžátʹ) + -ивать (-ivatʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From сдержа́ть (sderžátʹ) + -ивать (-ivatʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "сде́рживать",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sdérživatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сдержа́ть",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживать",
      "roman": "sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживающий",
      "roman": "sdérživajuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживавший",
      "roman": "sdérživavšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживаемый",
      "roman": "sdérživajemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживая",
      "roman": "sdérživaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживав",
      "roman": "sdérživav",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживавши",
      "roman": "sdérživavši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживаю",
      "roman": "sdérživaju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdu sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживаешь",
      "roman": "sdérživaješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdešʹ sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживает",
      "roman": "sdérživajet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdet sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживаем",
      "roman": "sdérživajem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdem sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживаете",
      "roman": "sdérživajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdete sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживают",
      "roman": "sdérživajut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут сде́рживать",
      "roman": "búdut sdérživatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживай",
      "roman": "sdérživaj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживайте",
      "roman": "sdérživajte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживал",
      "roman": "sdéržival",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживали",
      "roman": "sdérživali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживала",
      "roman": "sdérživala",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживали",
      "roman": "sdérživali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживало",
      "roman": "sdérživalo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "сде́рживали",
      "roman": "sdérživali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "сде́рживать",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "сдержа́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "сде́рживать • (sdérživatʹ) impf (perfective сдержа́ть)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a",
        "3": "сде́рживать"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hold in, to hold back, to keep back, to restrain, to hold in check, to contain, to deter"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hold",
          "hold"
        ],
        [
          "keep",
          "keep"
        ],
        [
          "restrain",
          "restrain"
        ],
        [
          "contain",
          "contain"
        ],
        [
          "deter",
          "deter"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to keep (promise, word)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "keep",
          "keep"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈzʲdʲerʐɨvətʲ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-сдерживать.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/Ru-%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg/Ru-%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Ru-%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "сдерживать"
}

Download raw JSONL data for сдерживать meaning in Russian (5.9kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.