See начать in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for начать meaning in Russian (9.8kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ken-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "cu",
"3": "начѧти",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic начѧти (načęti)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "cu",
"3": "начѧти"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic начѧти (načęti)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*načęti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *načęti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "на-",
"3": "-чать"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, на- (na-) + -чать (-čatʹ)",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ken-",
"4": "",
"5": "new, fresh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic начѧти (načęti), from Proto-Slavic *načęti. By surface analysis, на- (na-) + -чать (-čatʹ), from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”), whence English recent and ceno-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "нача́ть",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "načátʹ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "начина́ть",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́тие",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "perfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "14b/c① perfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ть",
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "-",
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "нача́вший",
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]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
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]
},
{
"form": "на́чатый",
"roman": "náčatyj",
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]
},
{
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},
{
"form": "нача́вши",
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]
},
{
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},
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
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{
"form": "начнёшь",
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]
},
{
"form": "-",
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},
{
"form": "начнёт",
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]
},
{
"form": "-",
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},
{
"form": "начнём",
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"future",
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},
{
"form": "-",
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},
{
"form": "начнёте",
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]
},
{
"form": "-",
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},
{
"form": "начну́т",
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"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начни́",
"roman": "nační",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начни́те",
"roman": "načníte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чал",
"roman": "náčal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "начала́",
"roman": "načalá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чало",
"roman": "náčalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "14b/c① perfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ть",
"roman": "načátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"infinitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"dated",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́вшій",
"roman": "načávšij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"dated",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чатый",
"roman": "náčatyj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"dated",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́въ",
"roman": "načáv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"dated",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́вши",
"roman": "načávši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"dated",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начну́",
"roman": "načnú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начнёшь",
"roman": "načnjóšʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начнётъ",
"roman": "načnjót",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "начнёмъ",
"roman": "načnjóm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начнёте",
"roman": "načnjóte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начну́тъ",
"roman": "načnút",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начни́",
"roman": "nační",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начни́те",
"roman": "načníte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чалъ",
"roman": "náčal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "начала́",
"roman": "načalá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чало",
"roman": "náčalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"neuter",
"past",
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ть",
"2": "pf",
"impf": "начина́ть",
"vn": "нача́тие"
},
"expansion": "нача́ть • (načátʹ) pf (imperfective начина́ть, verbal noun нача́тие)",
"name": "ru-verb"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"2": "14b/c(1)+p",
"3": "нача́ть",
"4": "начн"
},
"name": "ru-conj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"2": "14b/c(1)+p",
"3": "нача́ть",
"4": "начн",
"old": "1"
},
"name": "ru-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms prefixed with на-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms suffixed with -чать",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to begin, to start, to commence"
],
"id": "en-начать-ru-verb-WuI11zXT",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "načálo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "нача́ло"
},
{
"roman": "načálʹnyj",
"word": "нача́льный"
},
{
"roman": "načátʹsja",
"word": "нача́ться"
},
{
"roman": "načinátʹsja",
"word": "начина́ться"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[nɐˈt͡ɕætʲ]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-начать.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "начать"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ken-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "cu",
"3": "начѧти",
"4": "",
"5": "",
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
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"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic начѧти (načęti)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "cu",
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},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic начѧти (načęti)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
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},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
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},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, на- (na-) + -чать (-čatʹ)",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
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"3": "*ken-",
"4": "",
"5": "new, fresh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic начѧти (načęti), from Proto-Slavic *načęti. By surface analysis, на- (na-) + -чать (-čatʹ), from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“new, fresh”), whence English recent and ceno-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "нача́ть",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "načátʹ",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "начина́ть",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́тие",
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]
},
{
"form": "perfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "14b/c① perfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ть",
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"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́вший",
"roman": "načávšij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чатый",
"roman": "náčatyj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́в",
"roman": "načáv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́вши",
"roman": "načávši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начну́",
"roman": "načnú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начнёшь",
"roman": "načnjóšʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начнёт",
"roman": "načnjót",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "начнём",
"roman": "načnjóm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начнёте",
"roman": "načnjóte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начну́т",
"roman": "načnút",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начни́",
"roman": "nační",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начни́те",
"roman": "načníte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чал",
"roman": "náčal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "начала́",
"roman": "načalá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чало",
"roman": "náčalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "14b/c① perfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́ть",
"roman": "načátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"infinitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"dated",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́вшій",
"roman": "načávšij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"dated",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чатый",
"roman": "náčatyj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"dated",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́въ",
"roman": "načáv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"dated",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "нача́вши",
"roman": "načávši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"dated",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начну́",
"roman": "načnú",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начнёшь",
"roman": "načnjóšʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начнётъ",
"roman": "načnjót",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "начнёмъ",
"roman": "načnjóm",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начнёте",
"roman": "načnjóte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начну́тъ",
"roman": "načnút",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "начни́",
"roman": "nační",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "начни́те",
"roman": "načníte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чалъ",
"roman": "náčal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "начала́",
"roman": "načalá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чало",
"roman": "náčalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "на́чали",
"roman": "náčali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dated",
"neuter",
"past",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "нача́ть",
"2": "pf",
"impf": "начина́ть",
"vn": "нача́тие"
},
"expansion": "нача́ть • (načátʹ) pf (imperfective начина́ть, verbal noun нача́тие)",
"name": "ru-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"2": "14b/c(1)+p",
"3": "нача́ть",
"4": "начн"
},
"name": "ru-conj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"2": "14b/c(1)+p",
"3": "нача́ть",
"4": "начн",
"old": "1"
},
"name": "ru-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "načálo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "нача́ло"
},
{
"roman": "načálʹnyj",
"word": "нача́льный"
},
{
"roman": "načátʹsja",
"word": "нача́ться"
},
{
"roman": "načinátʹsja",
"word": "начина́ться"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian class 14 verbs",
"Russian class 14b verbs",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian perfective verbs",
"Russian terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic",
"Russian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ken-",
"Russian terms prefixed with на-",
"Russian terms suffixed with -чать",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links",
"Russian transitive verbs",
"Russian verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to begin, to start, to commence"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
],
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"commence",
"commence"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[nɐˈt͡ɕætʲ]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-начать.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Ru-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "начать"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (384852d and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.