"буфер" meaning in Russian

See буфер in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ˈbufʲɪr] Audio: LL-Q7737 (rus)-Cinemantique-буфер.wav
Etymology: From English buffer. Etymology templates: {{bor|ru|en|buffer}} English buffer Head templates: {{ru-noun+|c|бу́фер|(1)|or|a|бу́фер|notes=* additionally, in some meanings|pltail=*|sgtail=*}} бу́фер • (búfer) m inan (genitive бу́фера, nominative plural буфера́ or бу́феры^*, genitive plural буферо́в or бу́феров^*) (* additionally, in some meanings) Forms: бу́фер [canonical], búfer [romanization], бу́фера [genitive], буфера́ [nominative, plural], бу́феры^* [nominative, plural], буферо́в [genitive, plural], бу́феров^* [genitive, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], бу́фер [nominative, singular], буфера́ [irregular, nominative, plural], бу́феры [nominative, plural], бу́фера [genitive, singular], буферо́в [genitive, plural], бу́феров [genitive, plural], бу́феру [dative, singular], буфера́м [dative, plural], бу́ферам [dative, plural], бу́фер [accusative, singular], буфера́ [accusative, irregular, plural], бу́феры [accusative, plural], бу́фером [instrumental, singular], буфера́ми [instrumental, plural], бу́ферами [instrumental, plural], бу́фере [prepositional, singular], буфера́х [plural, prepositional], бу́ферах [plural, prepositional]
  1. buffer
    Sense id: en-буфер-ru-noun-0MqMKsDa Categories (other): Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns, Russian nouns with multiple argument sets Disambiguation of Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns: 18 39 44 Disambiguation of Russian nouns with multiple argument sets: 18 38 44
  2. (automotive, dated) bumper (mechanical device to absorb impact) Tags: dated Categories (topical): Automotive
    Sense id: en-буфер-ru-noun-rJjXfuVP Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian links with redundant wikilinks, Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а, Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns, Russian nouns with multiple argument sets, Russian nouns with multiple declensions Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 4 80 16 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 80 16 Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 2 84 15 Disambiguation of Russian links with redundant wikilinks: 2 80 18 Disambiguation of Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а: 5 73 22 Disambiguation of Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns: 18 39 44 Disambiguation of Russian nouns with multiple argument sets: 18 38 44 Disambiguation of Russian nouns with multiple declensions: 10 65 24 Topics: automotive, transport, vehicles
  3. (colloquial, humorous, usually in the plural) boob Tags: colloquial, humorous, plural-normally
    Sense id: en-буфер-ru-noun-6Z1VJI9n Categories (other): Russian nouns with accent pattern a, Russian nouns with accent pattern c, Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural, Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns, Russian nouns with multiple argument sets Disambiguation of Russian nouns with accent pattern a: 22 34 44 Disambiguation of Russian nouns with accent pattern c: 22 34 44 Disambiguation of Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural: 14 33 53 Disambiguation of Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns: 18 39 44 Disambiguation of Russian nouns with multiple argument sets: 18 38 44
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: бу́ферный (búfernyj)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "búfernyj",
      "word": "бу́ферный"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "buffer"
      },
      "expansion": "English buffer",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From English buffer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "бу́фер",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "búfer",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фера",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феры^*",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буферо́в",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феров^*",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фер",
      "roman": "búfer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́",
      "roman": "buferá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "irregular",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феры",
      "roman": "búfery",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фера",
      "roman": "búfera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буферо́в",
      "roman": "buferóv",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феров",
      "roman": "búferov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феру",
      "roman": "búferu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́м",
      "roman": "buferám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ферам",
      "roman": "búferam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фер",
      "roman": "búfer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́",
      "roman": "buferá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "irregular",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феры",
      "roman": "búfery",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фером",
      "roman": "búferom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́ми",
      "roman": "buferámi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ферами",
      "roman": "búferami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фере",
      "roman": "búfere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́х",
      "roman": "buferáx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ферах",
      "roman": "búferax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "бу́фер",
        "3": "(1)",
        "4": "or",
        "5": "a",
        "6": "бу́фер",
        "notes": "* additionally, in some meanings",
        "pltail": "*",
        "sgtail": "*"
      },
      "expansion": "бу́фер • (búfer) m inan (genitive бу́фера, nominative plural буфера́ or бу́феры^*, genitive plural буферо́в or бу́феров^*) (* additionally, in some meanings)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 39 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 38 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with multiple argument sets",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "buffers and chain coupler",
          "roman": "vintovája scépka i buferá",
          "text": "винтова́я сце́пка и буфера́",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "phosphate-buffered saline",
          "roman": "nátrij-fosfátnyj búfer",
          "text": "на́трий-фосфа́тный бу́фер",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "clipboard (data buffer for copy and paste operations)",
          "roman": "búfer obména",
          "text": "бу́фер обме́на",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "buffer overflow",
          "roman": "perepolnénije búfera",
          "text": "переполне́ние бу́фера",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "buffer"
      ],
      "id": "en-буфер-ru-noun-0MqMKsDa",
      "links": [
        [
          "buffer",
          "buffer"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Automotive",
          "orig": "ru:Automotive",
          "parents": [
            "Transport",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 80 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 80 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 84 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 80 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 73 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 39 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 38 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with multiple argument sets",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 65 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with multiple declensions",
          "parents": [
            "Nouns with multiple declensions",
            "Nouns by inflection type",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bumper (mechanical device to absorb impact)"
      ],
      "id": "en-буфер-ru-noun-rJjXfuVP",
      "links": [
        [
          "automotive",
          "automotive"
        ],
        [
          "bumper",
          "bumper"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(automotive, dated) bumper (mechanical device to absorb impact)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "automotive",
        "transport",
        "vehicles"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 34 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 34 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 33 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 39 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 38 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with multiple argument sets",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "boob"
      ],
      "id": "en-буфер-ru-noun-6Z1VJI9n",
      "links": [
        [
          "humorous",
          "humorous"
        ],
        [
          "boob",
          "boob"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, humorous, usually in the plural) boob"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "humorous",
        "plural-normally"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbufʲɪr]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Cinemantique-буфер.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Cinemantique-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Cinemantique-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Cinemantique-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Cinemantique-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ru:буфер"
  ],
  "word": "буфер"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Russian 2-syllable words",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
    "Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-c nouns",
    "Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
    "Russian inanimate nouns",
    "Russian irregular nouns",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Russian masculine nouns",
    "Russian nouns",
    "Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
    "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
    "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
    "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
    "Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns",
    "Russian nouns with multiple argument sets",
    "Russian nouns with multiple declensions",
    "Russian terms borrowed from English",
    "Russian terms derived from English",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "búfernyj",
      "word": "бу́ферный"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "buffer"
      },
      "expansion": "English buffer",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From English buffer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "бу́фер",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "búfer",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фера",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феры^*",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буферо́в",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феров^*",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фер",
      "roman": "búfer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́",
      "roman": "buferá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "irregular",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феры",
      "roman": "búfery",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фера",
      "roman": "búfera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буферо́в",
      "roman": "buferóv",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феров",
      "roman": "búferov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феру",
      "roman": "búferu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́м",
      "roman": "buferám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ферам",
      "roman": "búferam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фер",
      "roman": "búfer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́",
      "roman": "buferá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "irregular",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́феры",
      "roman": "búfery",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фером",
      "roman": "búferom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́ми",
      "roman": "buferámi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ферами",
      "roman": "búferami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́фере",
      "roman": "búfere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "буфера́х",
      "roman": "buferáx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ферах",
      "roman": "búferax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "бу́фер",
        "3": "(1)",
        "4": "or",
        "5": "a",
        "6": "бу́фер",
        "notes": "* additionally, in some meanings",
        "pltail": "*",
        "sgtail": "*"
      },
      "expansion": "бу́фер • (búfer) m inan (genitive бу́фера, nominative plural буфера́ or бу́феры^*, genitive plural буферо́в or бу́феров^*) (* additionally, in some meanings)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "buffers and chain coupler",
          "roman": "vintovája scépka i buferá",
          "text": "винтова́я сце́пка и буфера́",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "phosphate-buffered saline",
          "roman": "nátrij-fosfátnyj búfer",
          "text": "на́трий-фосфа́тный бу́фер",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "clipboard (data buffer for copy and paste operations)",
          "roman": "búfer obména",
          "text": "бу́фер обме́на",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "buffer overflow",
          "roman": "perepolnénije búfera",
          "text": "переполне́ние бу́фера",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "buffer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "buffer",
          "buffer"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian dated terms",
        "ru:Automotive"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bumper (mechanical device to absorb impact)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "automotive",
          "automotive"
        ],
        [
          "bumper",
          "bumper"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(automotive, dated) bumper (mechanical device to absorb impact)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "automotive",
        "transport",
        "vehicles"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian colloquialisms",
        "Russian humorous terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "boob"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "humorous",
          "humorous"
        ],
        [
          "boob",
          "boob"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, humorous, usually in the plural) boob"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "humorous",
        "plural-normally"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbufʲɪr]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Cinemantique-буфер.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Cinemantique-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Cinemantique-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Cinemantique-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Cinemantique-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ru:буфер"
  ],
  "word": "буфер"
}

Download raw JSONL data for буфер meaning in Russian (6.1kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
  "msg": "suspicious related form tags ('nominative', 'plural'): 'бу́феры^*' in 'бу́фер • (búfer) m inan (genitive бу́фера, nominative plural буфера́ or бу́феры^*, genitive plural буферо́в or бу́феров^*) (* additionally, in some meanings)'",
  "path": [
    "буфер"
  ],
  "section": "Russian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "буфер",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
  "msg": "suspicious related form tags ('genitive', 'plural'): 'бу́феров^*' in 'бу́фер • (búfer) m inan (genitive бу́фера, nominative plural буфера́ or бу́феры^*, genitive plural буферо́в or бу́феров^*) (* additionally, in some meanings)'",
  "path": [
    "буфер"
  ],
  "section": "Russian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "буфер",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: * additionally",
  "path": [
    "буфер"
  ],
  "section": "Russian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "буфер",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: in some meanings",
  "path": [
    "буфер"
  ],
  "section": "Russian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "буфер",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.