"Ефингар" meaning in Russian

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "uncertain"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "he",
        "3": "יָפֶה נָהָר",
        "lit": "Beautiful River",
        "tr": "Yafẹ́ Nahár"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew יָפֶה נָהָר (Yafẹ́ Nahár, literally “Beautiful River”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hbo",
        "2": "יְפֵה נוֹף",
        "lit": "Beautiful View",
        "t": "Jerusalem",
        "tr": "Yəp̄ē Nōp̄"
      },
      "expansion": "Biblical Hebrew יְפֵה נוֹף (Yəp̄ē Nōp̄, “Jerusalem”, literally “Beautiful View”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "Єфінга́р"
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian Єфінга́р (Jefinhár)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. The Shorter Jewish Encyclopedia (volume 2, 1982) states that the name derives from the Hebrew יָפֶה נָהָר (Yafẹ́ Nahár, literally “Beautiful River”), which accords with the settlement’s founding near the River Inhul as an agricultural colony by Jews from the Russian Empire’s Lithuania Governorate(-General). However, יָפֶה נָהָר (yafẹ́ nahár) reverses the usual position of the adjective (akin to “the river beautiful” in English), though this is not strictly incorrect (compare Biblical Hebrew יְפֵה נוֹף (Yəp̄ē Nōp̄, “Jerusalem”, literally “Beautiful View”) in the third verse of Psalm 48).\nThe toponym’s vowels also present a difficulty. The area’s and settlers’ Ashkenazi dialects of Hebrew would be expected to give penultimate stress to יָפֶה נָהָר (yáfẹ náhar) and to realise its a vowels (kamatzim) as [ɔ], [u], or [ʌ], yet no such spellings as *Ёфенгор (*Jófengor) or *Ю́фенгур (*Júfengur) are attested. Moreover, the first vowel of נָהָר (nahár) is absent in all the Russian toponym’s spellings; even assuming Sephardi stress and vowel qualities, this absence is unexplained.\nInflecting יָפֶה נָהָר (yafẹ́ nahár) for its construct state addresses this phonological difficulty: the resulting יְפֵה־נְהַר (y’fe-n’har) would be expected to yield a Russian borrowing ending in -фенгар (-fengar), whilst the Ashkenazi pronunciation of the e vowel (tzere) as [ej] also accounts for the фен–фин (fen–fin) variation in the spelling of the second syllable. (Deriving from a [j] sound without a following vowel, it is indeterminate what form the beginning of the Russian borrowing would be expected to take; И- (I-) or any iotated vowel – whereof Е- (Je-) is one – might be expected, whereas Э- (E-) is not readily explicable.) However, the construct form יְפֵה־נְהַר (y’fe-n’har) denotes a “beautiful river of” something or someone, but of what or of whom it is unclear. Thus, the phonological difficulty is exchanged for a grammatical one.\nCognate with the Ukrainian Єфінга́р (Jefinhár).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́р",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jefingár",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́ра",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ефинга́рский",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ефинга́ровский",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́р",
      "roman": "Jefingár",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́ра",
      "roman": "Jefingára",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́ру",
      "roman": "Jefingáru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́р",
      "roman": "Jefingár",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́ром",
      "roman": "Jefingárom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́ре",
      "roman": "Jefingáre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ефинга́р",
        "adj": "ефинга́рский",
        "adj2": "ефинга́ровский"
      },
      "expansion": "Ефинга́р • (Jefingár) m inan (genitive Ефинга́ра, relational adjective ефинга́рский or ефинга́ровский)",
      "name": "ru-proper noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "jefingárcev",
          "word": "ефинга́рцев"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1910, “Ефиньгаръ (Ефенгаръ) [Jefinʹgar (Jefengarʺ)]”, in Еврейская энциклопедія. Сводъ знаній о еврействѣ его культурѣ въ прошломъ и настоящемъ. [Jevrejskaja enciklopedija. Svod znanij o jevrejstvě jevo kulʹturě v prošlom i nastojaščem.], Томъ седьмой. Данцигъ — Ибнъ-Эзра. [Tom sedʹmoj. Dancig — Ibn-Ezra.], С.-Петербургъ [S.-Peterburg]: Общество для Научыхъ Еврейскихъ Изданій и Издательство Бронгаузъ-Ефронъ [Obščestvo dlja Naučyx Jevrejskix Izdanij i Izdatelʹstvo Brongauz-Jefron], column 533:",
          "roman": "Jefinʹgar (Jefengarʺ)",
          "text": "Ефиньгаръ (Ефенгаръ) — евр. земледѣльч. колонія въ Херс. губ., у рѣки Ингула; основана въ 1809 г.; поселилось 48 сем. въ составѣ 276 душъ. Въ 1897 г., по переписи, жит. 2.226, изъ коихъ 2.038 евр. Въ 1898 г. наличныхъ семействъ-земледѣльцевъ 267; наличныхъ душъ 1.666. Случаются частые неурожап.^([sic]) Благопріятны условія для развитія огородничества и виноградарства. Имѣется евр. школа. — Ср.: Сборникъ Еко, II; Никитинъ, Евреи-земледѣльцы.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2009, Дми́трий Заха́рович Фе́льдман [Dmítrij Zaxárovič Félʹdman], Дми́трий Арка́дьевич Пано́в [Dmítrij Arkádʹjevič Panóv], Бурные годы «Тихого поля» в Новороссии: Два века еврейской колонии Сейдеменуха. Историко-генеалогическое исследование. [Burnyje gody «Tixovo polja» v Novorossii: Dva veka jevrejskoj kolonii Sejdemenuxa. Istoriko-genealogičeskoje issledovanije.], Москва [Moskva]: Древлехранилище [Drevlexranilišče], →ISBN, page 152:",
          "roman": "Dmítrij Zaxárovič Félʹdman",
          "text": "Эфенгар (Булгакова, Балгаков,^([sic]) Булгаковка, Ефенгар, Ефингар, Ефенгарь, Ефингарь, Ефиньгар, Эфенгарь, Эфенгарская Колония, Эфенгардская Колония, Ефенгардская Колония) — казенная еврейская колония, при р. Ингул.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The former name, from its founding until 1945, of Плюще́вка (Pljuščévka): Yefinhar."
      ],
      "id": "en-Ефингар-ru-name-UO3q4WfV",
      "links": [
        [
          "Плюще́вка",
          "Плющевка#Russian"
        ],
        [
          "Yefinhar",
          "Yefinhar#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "Jefengár",
          "word": "Ефенга́р"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Jefengárʹ",
          "word": "Ефенга́рь"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Jefingárʹ",
          "word": "Ефинга́рь"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Jefinʹgár",
          "word": "Ефиньга́р"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Efengár",
          "word": "Эфенга́р"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Efengárʹ",
          "word": "Эфенга́рь"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Ifingár",
          "word": "Ифинга́р"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Jefengár",
          "word": "Ефенга́ръ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "Jefinʹgár",
          "word": "Ефиньга́ръ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
        }
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Inhul",
        "Lithuania Governorate",
        "Psalm 48",
        "Russian Empire",
        "Shorter Jewish Encyclopedia",
        "construct state",
        "kamatzim",
        "tzere"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[(j)ɪfʲɪnˈɡar]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Ефингар"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "jefingárcev",
      "word": "ефинга́рцев"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "uncertain"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "he",
        "3": "יָפֶה נָהָר",
        "lit": "Beautiful River",
        "tr": "Yafẹ́ Nahár"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew יָפֶה נָהָר (Yafẹ́ Nahár, literally “Beautiful River”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hbo",
        "2": "יְפֵה נוֹף",
        "lit": "Beautiful View",
        "t": "Jerusalem",
        "tr": "Yəp̄ē Nōp̄"
      },
      "expansion": "Biblical Hebrew יְפֵה נוֹף (Yəp̄ē Nōp̄, “Jerusalem”, literally “Beautiful View”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "Єфінга́р"
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian Єфінга́р (Jefinhár)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. The Shorter Jewish Encyclopedia (volume 2, 1982) states that the name derives from the Hebrew יָפֶה נָהָר (Yafẹ́ Nahár, literally “Beautiful River”), which accords with the settlement’s founding near the River Inhul as an agricultural colony by Jews from the Russian Empire’s Lithuania Governorate(-General). However, יָפֶה נָהָר (yafẹ́ nahár) reverses the usual position of the adjective (akin to “the river beautiful” in English), though this is not strictly incorrect (compare Biblical Hebrew יְפֵה נוֹף (Yəp̄ē Nōp̄, “Jerusalem”, literally “Beautiful View”) in the third verse of Psalm 48).\nThe toponym’s vowels also present a difficulty. The area’s and settlers’ Ashkenazi dialects of Hebrew would be expected to give penultimate stress to יָפֶה נָהָר (yáfẹ náhar) and to realise its a vowels (kamatzim) as [ɔ], [u], or [ʌ], yet no such spellings as *Ёфенгор (*Jófengor) or *Ю́фенгур (*Júfengur) are attested. Moreover, the first vowel of נָהָר (nahár) is absent in all the Russian toponym’s spellings; even assuming Sephardi stress and vowel qualities, this absence is unexplained.\nInflecting יָפֶה נָהָר (yafẹ́ nahár) for its construct state addresses this phonological difficulty: the resulting יְפֵה־נְהַר (y’fe-n’har) would be expected to yield a Russian borrowing ending in -фенгар (-fengar), whilst the Ashkenazi pronunciation of the e vowel (tzere) as [ej] also accounts for the фен–фин (fen–fin) variation in the spelling of the second syllable. (Deriving from a [j] sound without a following vowel, it is indeterminate what form the beginning of the Russian borrowing would be expected to take; И- (I-) or any iotated vowel – whereof Е- (Je-) is one – might be expected, whereas Э- (E-) is not readily explicable.) However, the construct form יְפֵה־נְהַר (y’fe-n’har) denotes a “beautiful river of” something or someone, but of what or of whom it is unclear. Thus, the phonological difficulty is exchanged for a grammatical one.\nCognate with the Ukrainian Єфінга́р (Jefinhár).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́р",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Jefingár",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́ра",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ефинга́рский",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ефинга́ровский",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́р",
      "roman": "Jefingár",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́ра",
      "roman": "Jefingára",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́ру",
      "roman": "Jefingáru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́р",
      "roman": "Jefingár",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́ром",
      "roman": "Jefingárom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Ефинга́ре",
      "roman": "Jefingáre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ефинга́р",
        "adj": "ефинга́рский",
        "adj2": "ефинга́ровский"
      },
      "expansion": "Ефинга́р • (Jefingár) m inan (genitive Ефинга́ра, relational adjective ефинга́рский or ефинга́ровский)",
      "name": "ru-proper noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Requests for translations of Russian quotations",
        "Russian 3-syllable words",
        "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
        "Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
        "Russian inanimate nouns",
        "Russian lemmas",
        "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Russian masculine nouns",
        "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
        "Russian proper nouns",
        "Russian terms borrowed from Hebrew",
        "Russian terms derived from Hebrew",
        "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Russian terms with quotations",
        "Russian terms with unknown etymologies"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1910, “Ефиньгаръ (Ефенгаръ) [Jefinʹgar (Jefengarʺ)]”, in Еврейская энциклопедія. Сводъ знаній о еврействѣ его культурѣ въ прошломъ и настоящемъ. [Jevrejskaja enciklopedija. Svod znanij o jevrejstvě jevo kulʹturě v prošlom i nastojaščem.], Томъ седьмой. Данцигъ — Ибнъ-Эзра. [Tom sedʹmoj. Dancig — Ibn-Ezra.], С.-Петербургъ [S.-Peterburg]: Общество для Научыхъ Еврейскихъ Изданій и Издательство Бронгаузъ-Ефронъ [Obščestvo dlja Naučyx Jevrejskix Izdanij i Izdatelʹstvo Brongauz-Jefron], column 533:",
          "roman": "Jefinʹgar (Jefengarʺ)",
          "text": "Ефиньгаръ (Ефенгаръ) — евр. земледѣльч. колонія въ Херс. губ., у рѣки Ингула; основана въ 1809 г.; поселилось 48 сем. въ составѣ 276 душъ. Въ 1897 г., по переписи, жит. 2.226, изъ коихъ 2.038 евр. Въ 1898 г. наличныхъ семействъ-земледѣльцевъ 267; наличныхъ душъ 1.666. Случаются частые неурожап.^([sic]) Благопріятны условія для развитія огородничества и виноградарства. Имѣется евр. школа. — Ср.: Сборникъ Еко, II; Никитинъ, Евреи-земледѣльцы.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2009, Дми́трий Заха́рович Фе́льдман [Dmítrij Zaxárovič Félʹdman], Дми́трий Арка́дьевич Пано́в [Dmítrij Arkádʹjevič Panóv], Бурные годы «Тихого поля» в Новороссии: Два века еврейской колонии Сейдеменуха. Историко-генеалогическое исследование. [Burnyje gody «Tixovo polja» v Novorossii: Dva veka jevrejskoj kolonii Sejdemenuxa. Istoriko-genealogičeskoje issledovanije.], Москва [Moskva]: Древлехранилище [Drevlexranilišče], →ISBN, page 152:",
          "roman": "Dmítrij Zaxárovič Félʹdman",
          "text": "Эфенгар (Булгакова, Балгаков,^([sic]) Булгаковка, Ефенгар, Ефингар, Ефенгарь, Ефингарь, Ефиньгар, Эфенгарь, Эфенгарская Колония, Эфенгардская Колония, Ефенгардская Колония) — казенная еврейская колония, при р. Ингул.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The former name, from its founding until 1945, of Плюще́вка (Pljuščévka): Yefinhar."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Плюще́вка",
          "Плющевка#Russian"
        ],
        [
          "Yefinhar",
          "Yefinhar#English"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Inhul",
        "Lithuania Governorate",
        "Psalm 48",
        "Russian Empire",
        "Shorter Jewish Encyclopedia",
        "construct state",
        "kamatzim",
        "tzere"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[(j)ɪfʲɪnˈɡar]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "Jefengár",
      "word": "Ефенга́р"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Jefengárʹ",
      "word": "Ефенга́рь"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Jefingárʹ",
      "word": "Ефинга́рь"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Jefinʹgár",
      "word": "Ефиньга́р"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Efengár",
      "word": "Эфенга́р"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Efengárʹ",
      "word": "Эфенга́рь"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Ifingár",
      "word": "Ифинга́р"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Jefengár",
      "word": "Ефенга́ръ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Jefinʹgár",
      "word": "Ефиньга́ръ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Ефингар"
}