пшеница

ru-noun+

пшени́ца • (pšeníca) f inan (genitive пшени́цы, nominative plural пшени́цы, genitive plural пшени́ц, relational adjective пшени́чный)

пшени́ца (canonical)
pšeníca (romanization)
пшени́цы (genitive)
пшени́цы (nominative plural)
пшени́ц (genitive plural)
пшени́чный (adjective relational)
пшени́ца (nominative singular)
пшени́цы (nominative plural)
пшени́цы (genitive singular)
пшени́ц (genitive plural)
пшени́це (dative singular)
пшени́цам (dative plural)
пшени́цу (accusative singular)
пшени́цы (accusative plural)
пшени́цей (instrumental singular)
пшени́цею (instrumental singular)
пшени́цами (instrumental plural)
пшени́це (prepositional singular)
пшени́цах (plural prepositional)

Ru-пшеница.ogg

Inherited from Old East Slavic пьшеница (pĭšenica), from Proto-Slavic *pьšenica.


кукуруза

ru-noun+

кукуру́за • (kukurúza) f inan (genitive кукуру́зы, nominative plural кукуру́зы, genitive plural кукуру́з, relational adjective кукуру́зный)

кукуру́за (canonical)
kukurúza (romanization)
кукуру́зы (genitive)
кукуру́зы (nominative plural)
кукуру́з (genitive plural)
кукуру́зный (adjective relational)
кукуру́за (nominative singular)
кукуру́зы (nominative plural)
кукуру́зы (genitive singular)
кукуру́з (genitive plural)
кукуру́зе (dative singular)
кукуру́зам (dative plural)
кукуру́зу (accusative singular)
кукуру́зы (accusative plural)
кукуру́зой (instrumental singular)
кукуру́зою (instrumental singular)
кукуру́зами (instrumental plural)
кукуру́зе (prepositional singular)
кукуру́зах (plural prepositional)

→ Armenian: կուկուռուզ (kukuṙuz)

→ Kildin Sami: кукуруза (kukuruza)

Uncertain. Cognate with Ukrainian кукуру́(д)з (kukurú(d)z), кукуру́(д)за (kukurú(d)za), Bulgarian кукуру́з (kukurúz), кукума́ра (kukumára), кукура́тка (kukurátka), Serbo-Croatian куку̀руз, Slovene kukuruza, kukorica, koruza, Polish kukurudza, kukurydza. German Kukuruz was borrowed from Serbo-Croatian, but the West Slavic terms have in turn been considered borrowings from German.
The suggestion of a Slavic origin and a relationship to Serbo-Croatian kukurek (“hellebore”) and Bulgarian кукуря́к (kukurják, “hellebore”), Slovene kukurjav, kukurjast (“curled”) does not explain the word-form difficulties (-z-). Compare Bulgarian момору́з (momorúz), моморо́з (momoróz, “corn, maize”), мамалига (mamaliga, “hominy”).
If the source were Romanian cucuruz, it should have originally had the meaning of "pine cones".
A noteworthy hypothesis for the source of "kukuru" is a word used for calling poultry for their feeding (with corn/maize).
The explanation that the term is a loanword from Ottoman Turkish قوقوروز (kokoroz), ultimately from Albanian *kokërrëz, from kokërr, remains frequently cited, but derivation from Turkic kokoros (“corn, maize”) was refuted by F. Miklošič and F. E. Korsch.


овёс

ru-noun+

овёс • (ovjós) m inan (genitive овса́, nominative plural овсы́, genitive plural овсо́в, relational adjective овся́ный)

ovjós (romanization)
овса́ (genitive)
овсы́ (nominative plural)
овсо́в (genitive plural)
овся́ный (adjective relational)
овёс (nominative singular)
овсы́ (nominative plural)
овса́ (genitive singular)
овсо́в (genitive plural)
овсу́ (dative singular)
овса́м (dative plural)
овёс (accusative singular)
овсы́ (accusative plural)
овсо́м (instrumental singular)
овса́ми (instrumental plural)
овсе́ (prepositional singular)
овса́х (plural prepositional)

→ Kildin Sami: оввесь (ovvjes’)

→ Mongolian: овъёос (ovʺjoos)

→ Yakut: эбиэс (ebies)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ovьsъ, which is a cognate with Latin avena.


жито

жи́то • (žíto) n inan (genitive жи́та, nominative plural жи́та, genitive plural жит)

жи́то (canonical)
žíto (romanization)
жи́та (genitive)
жи́та (nominative plural)
жит (genitive plural)
жи́то (nominative singular)
жи́та (nominative plural)
жи́та (genitive singular)
жи́т (genitive plural)
жи́ту (dative singular)
жи́там (dative plural)
жи́то (accusative singular)
жи́та (accusative plural)
жи́том (instrumental singular)
жи́тами (instrumental plural)
жи́те (prepositional singular)
жи́тах (plural prepositional)
жи́то (dated nominative singular)
жи́та (dated nominative plural)
жи́та (dated genitive singular)
жи́тъ (dated genitive plural)
жи́ту (dated dative singular)
жи́тамъ (dated dative plural)
жи́то (accusative dated singular)
жи́та (accusative dated plural)
жи́томъ (dated instrumental singular)
жи́тами (dated instrumental plural)
жи́тѣ (dated prepositional singular)
жи́тахъ (dated plural prepositional)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žito (“grain, corn”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *géiˀta, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃tom, from *gʷeyh₃-.

inh+

grain (any unground grain, such as rye, wheat, buckwheat, millet, barley, maize, oats)


колос

ru-noun+

ко́лос • (kólos) m inan (genitive ко́лоса, nominative plural коло́сья, genitive plural коло́сьев, diminutive колосо́к)

ко́лос (canonical)
kólos (romanization)
ко́лоса (genitive)
коло́сья (nominative plural)
коло́сьев (genitive plural)
колосо́к (diminutive)
ко́лос (nominative singular)
коло́сья (irregular nominative plural)
ко́лоса (genitive singular)
коло́сьев (genitive irregular plural)
ко́лосу (dative singular)
коло́сьям (dative irregular plural)
ко́лос (accusative singular)
коло́сья (accusative irregular plural)
ко́лосом (instrumental singular)
коло́сьями (instrumental irregular plural)
ко́лосе (prepositional singular)
коло́сьях (irregular plural prepositional)

→ Yakut: куолас (kuolas)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kȏlsъ. Related to коло́ть (kolótʹ).


ячмень

ячме́нь • (jačménʹ) m inan (genitive ячменя́, nominative plural ячмени́, genitive plural ячмене́й)

ячме́нь (canonical)
jačménʹ (romanization)
ячменя́ (genitive)
ячмени́ (nominative plural)
ячмене́й (genitive plural)
ячме́нь (nominative singular)
ячмени́ (nominative plural)
ячменя́ (genitive singular)
ячмене́й (genitive plural)
ячменю́ (dative singular)
ячменя́м (dative plural)
ячме́нь (accusative singular)
ячмени́ (accusative plural)
ячменём (instrumental singular)
ячменя́ми (instrumental plural)
ячмене́ (prepositional singular)
ячменя́х (plural prepositional)

→ Abaza: ячмень (jaćmenʲ)

→ Svan: ჭჷმინ (č̣əmin)

Inherited from Old East Slavic ꙗчьмꙑ (jačĭmy), from Proto-Slavic *(j)ęčьmy. Cognates include Ancient Greek ἀκοστή (akostḗ, “barley”), Latin acus (“needle”) and Old English ahar (“corn-ear”).

inh+

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare#Translingual

barley (annual temperate grasses of the species Hordeum vulgare or its grain used in making food and beverages)


рис

ru-noun+

рис • (ris) m inan (genitive ри́са, nominative plural ри́сы, genitive plural ри́сов, relational adjective ри́совый)

ris (romanization)
ри́са (genitive)
ри́сы (nominative plural)
ри́сов (genitive plural)
ри́совый (adjective relational)
ри́с (nominative singular)
ри́сы (nominative plural)
ри́са (genitive singular)
ри́сов (genitive plural)
ри́су (dative singular)
ри́сам (dative plural)
ри́с (accusative singular)
ри́сы (accusative plural)
ри́сом (instrumental singular)
ри́сами (instrumental plural)
ри́се (prepositional singular)
ри́сах (plural prepositional)
ри́су (partitive singular)

→ Ingrian: riissu

→ Yakut: рис (ris)

Likely borrowed from Middle Low German rīs, from Late Latin risus, from Latin orīza, oryza, from Ancient Greek ὄρυζα (óruza), ὄρυζον (óruzon); see there for more. Slowly displaced earlier сарацинское пшено during 18th-19th cc.


просо

про́со • (próso) n inan (genitive про́са, uncountable)

про́со (canonical)
próso (romanization)
про́са (genitive)
про́со (nominative singular)
про́са (genitive singular)
про́су (dative singular)
про́со (accusative singular)
про́сом (instrumental singular)
про́се (prepositional singular)

Inherited from Old East Slavic просо (proso), from Proto-Slavic *proso. Cognate with Belarusian про́са (prósa).


пшено

ru-noun+

пшено́ • (pšenó) n inan (genitive пшена́, uncountable, relational adjective пшённый)

пшено́ (canonical)
pšenó (romanization)
пшена́ (genitive)
пшённый (adjective relational)
пшено́ (nominative singular)
пшена́ (genitive singular)
пшену́ (dative singular)
пшено́ (accusative singular)
пшено́м (instrumental singular)
пшене́ (prepositional singular)

→ Kildin Sami: ше̄ннҍ (šienn’)

Inherited from Old East Slavic пьшено (pĭšeno), from Proto-Slavic *pьšeno, from Proto-Indo-European *pis-en-om, from *peys- (“grind, crush”), whence English pistil.


гаолян

ru-noun+

гаоля́н • (gaolján) m inan (genitive гаоля́на, nominative plural гаоля́ны, genitive plural гаоля́нов)

гаоля́н (canonical)
gaolján (romanization)
гаоля́на (genitive)
гаоля́ны (nominative plural)
гаоля́нов (genitive plural)
гаоля́н (nominative singular)
гаоля́ны (nominative plural)
гаоля́на (genitive singular)
гаоля́нов (genitive plural)
гаоля́ну (dative singular)
гаоля́нам (dative plural)
гаоля́н (accusative singular)
гаоля́ны (accusative plural)
гаоля́ном (instrumental singular)
гаоля́нами (instrumental plural)
гаоля́не (prepositional singular)
гаоля́нах (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from Mandarin 高梁／高粱 (gāoliáng).

Пусть гаолян вам навевает сны

19xx, Ilya Shatrov (lyrics and music), “На сопках Маньчжурии”, performed by Roman Neumoyev:

(botany) kaoliang (gaoliang), Chinese sorghum


гречка

гре́чка • (gréčka) f inan (genitive гре́чки, nominative plural гре́чки, genitive plural гре́чек)

гре́чка (canonical)
gréčka (romanization)
гре́чки (genitive)
гре́чки (nominative plural)
гре́чек (genitive plural)
гре́чка (nominative singular)
гре́чки (nominative plural)
гре́чки (genitive singular)
гре́чек (genitive plural)
гре́чке (dative singular)
гре́чкам (dative plural)
гре́чку (accusative singular)
гре́чки (accusative plural)
гре́чкой (instrumental singular)
гре́чкою (instrumental singular)
гре́чками (instrumental plural)
гре́чке (prepositional singular)
гре́чках (plural prepositional)
гре́чка (dated nominative singular)
гре́чки (dated nominative plural)
гре́чки (dated genitive singular)
гре́чекъ (dated genitive plural)
гре́чкѣ (dated dative singular)
гре́чкамъ (dated dative plural)
гре́чку (accusative dated singular)
гре́чки (accusative dated plural)
гре́чкой (dated instrumental singular)
гре́чкою (dated instrumental singular)
гре́чками (dated instrumental plural)
гре́чкѣ (dated prepositional singular)
гре́чкахъ (dated plural prepositional)

→ Armenian: գրեչկա (grečʻka)

→ Georgian: გრეჩკა (grečḳa)

[ˈɡrʲet͡ɕkə]

Ru-гре́чка.ogg

(colloquial) buckwheat porridge (breakfast cereal)


никстамализация

никстамализа́ция

никстамализа́ция • (nikstamalizácija) f inan (genitive никстамализа́ции, nominative plural никстамализа́ции, genitive plural никстамализа́ций)

никстамализа́ция (canonical)
nikstamalizácija (romanization)
никстамализа́ции (genitive)
никстамализа́ции (nominative plural)
никстамализа́ций (genitive plural)
никстамализа́ция (nominative singular)
никстамализа́ции (nominative plural)
никстамализа́ции (genitive singular)
никстамализа́ций (genitive plural)
никстамализа́ции (dative singular)
никстамализа́циям (dative plural)
никстамализа́цию (accusative singular)
никстамализа́ции (accusative plural)
никстамализа́цией (instrumental singular)
никстамализа́циею (instrumental singular)
никстамализа́циями (instrumental plural)
никстамализа́ции (prepositional singular)
никстамализа́циях (plural prepositional)

Ru-никстамализация.ogg


маис

маи́с • (maís) m inan (genitive маи́са, nominative plural маи́сы, genitive plural маи́сов, relational adjective маи́совый)

маи́с (canonical)
maís (romanization)
маи́са (genitive)
маи́сы (nominative plural)
маи́сов (genitive plural)
маи́совый (adjective relational)
маи́с (nominative singular)
маи́сы (nominative plural)
маи́са (genitive singular)
маи́сов (genitive plural)
маи́су (dative singular)
маи́сам (dative plural)
маи́с (accusative singular)
маи́сы (accusative plural)
маи́сом (instrumental singular)
маи́сами (instrumental plural)
маи́се (prepositional singular)
маи́сах (plural prepositional)


чалтык

чалты́к • (čaltýk) m inan (genitive чалты́ка, nominative plural чалты́ки, genitive plural чалты́ков)

чалты́к (canonical)
čaltýk (romanization)
чалты́ка (genitive)
чалты́ки (nominative plural)
чалты́ков (genitive plural)
чалты́к (nominative singular)
чалты́ки (nominative plural)
чалты́ка (genitive singular)
чалты́ков (genitive plural)
чалты́ку (dative singular)
чалты́кам (dative plural)
чалты́к (accusative singular)
чалты́ки (accusative plural)
чалты́ком (instrumental singular)
чалты́ками (instrumental plural)
чалты́ке (prepositional singular)
чалты́ках (plural prepositional)

Borrowed from Azerbaijani çəltik, from Persian شلتوک (šaltuk, “rice still in the husk; rice-hull”).

der

чалты́къ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)