Mexico

Mexico City (the capital city of Mexico)


Bahrain

Bahrain (an archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf)


Estonia

Estonia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Estoniei (dative genitive uncountable)


Algeria

Algeriei (dative genitive)
Algerie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Algerie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Algeria (accusative definite nominative singular)
Algerii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Algerii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Algeriei (dative definite genitive singular)
Algerie (singular vocative)
Algerio (singular vocative)


Argentina

head

Argentina f (genitive and dative Argentinei)

From Latin argentum (“silver”) + the feminine of the adjectival suffix -īnus, in reference to the Río de la Plata.


Bulgaria

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


deal

dealuri (plural)
deal (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un deal (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
dealul (accusative definite nominative singular)
dealuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște dealuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
dealurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
deal (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui deal (dative genitive indefinite singular)
dealului (dative definite genitive singular)
dealuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor dealuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
dealurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
dealule (singular vocative)
dealurilor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic дѣлъ (dělŭ), from Proto-Slavic *dělъ.


Kiribati

Kiribati (A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania)


Andorra

Andorra (accusative nominative uncountable)
Andorrei (dative genitive uncountable)

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Slovenia

Slovenia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Sloveniei (dative genitive uncountable)

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


Guatemala

Guatemala (a country in Central America)


Israel

Israel (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Israel (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Israelul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Israel (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Israel (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Israelului (dative definite genitive singular)
Israelule (singular vocative)

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Cuba

Cuba (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Uganda

From Swahili Uganda (“Buganda, subnational kingdom”), from Luganda Buganda (“land of the Ganda”).


Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan (a country in Central Asia)


Iran

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Armenia

Armenia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Armeniei (dative genitive uncountable)

Borrowed from Latin Armenia. By surface analysis, armean + -ia.

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Somalia

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa)


Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone#English:_Q1044


Fiji

Borrowed from Fijian Viti, from Proto-Central Pacific *viti "east, sunrise".

Fiji (a country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania)


Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico (a commonwealth, island and dependent territory of the United States in the Caribbean)


Albania

head

Albania f (genitive and dative Albaniei)

Republica Albania
Republica Albania#Romanian

Albania (a country in Southeast Europe; official name: Republica Albania)


Costa Rica

Costa Rica (a country in Central America)


Burkina Faso

From Moore burkĩna (“honest”) + Dyula faso (“father's house”), coined by Thomas Sankara.

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta)


Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Benin

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


China

Borrowed from Greek Κίνα (Kína), ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (cīna).


Barbados

Barbados (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Canada

Canada (accusative nominative uncountable)
Canadei (dative genitive uncountable)


Wales

Wales (a country in northwestern Europe, a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Moldova

Moldovă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Moldovă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Moldova (accusative definite nominative singular)
Moldove (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Moldove (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Moldovei (dative definite genitive singular)
Moldovă (singular vocative)
Moldovo (singular vocative)

Of unclear origin. The suffix -ova is probably of Slavic origin. Theories about the first element:
* It is possibly ultimately from Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 (mulda, “dust, mud”) (possibly Moldavia); compare the river Mulde in Germany and Moldau, the German name of the river Vltava, which may be of related origin.
* Alternatively, it may be related to Romanian molid (“spruce”), though the loss of the i in this word is difficult to explain.
* A folk etymology, according to Dimitrie Cantemir, says the name of the Moldova River comes from Prince Dragoș, after his hound Molda, who drowned in it while attempting to hunt an aurochs.
* The Romanian people may have called themselves "Moldoveni" or "Munteni" (literally "of the mountains") so Moldova may alternatively derive from a Thracian-Illyrian language, from *mol (“mountain”) + *dava (“town”).
For more theories see Name of Moldova on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Republica Moldova
Republica Moldova#Romanian

Moldova (a country in Eastern Europe; official name: Republica Moldova)

Western Moldavia
Western Moldavia#English

Moldova, Western Moldavia (a region in eastern Romania adjacent to the country of Moldova, once part of the principality of Moldova)


Macedonia

Macedonia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Macedoniei (dative genitive uncountable)


Catalonia

Catalonie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Catalonie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Catalonia (accusative definite nominative singular)
Catalonii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Catalonii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Cataloniei (dative definite genitive singular)
Catalonie (singular vocative)
Catalonio (singular vocative)

autonomous community
autonomous community

Catalonia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Australia

Australie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Australie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Australia (accusative definite nominative singular)
Australii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Australii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Australiei (dative definite genitive singular)
Australie (singular vocative)
Australio (singular vocative)

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Georgia

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)

Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)


Victoria

From victoria, definite form of victorie (“victory”).

A village in Hlipiceni, Botoșani, Romania

A village in Stăuceni, Botoșani, Romania


Ontario

Borrowed from English Ontario, probably from Wyandot ontari꞉io.

Ontario (a province in eastern Canada; capital: Toronto)


continent

continente (plural)
continent (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un continent (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
continentul (accusative definite nominative singular)
continente (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște continente (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
continentele (accusative definite nominative plural)
continent (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui continent (dative genitive indefinite singular)
continentului (dative definite genitive singular)
continente (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor continente (dative genitive indefinite plural)
continentelor (dative definite genitive plural)
continentule (singular vocative)
continentelor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Latin continens and/or from French continent.


canal

canale (plural)
canaluri (plural)
canal (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un canal (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
canalul (accusative definite nominative singular)
canale (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște canale (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
canalele (accusative definite nominative plural)
canal (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui canal (dative genitive indefinite singular)
canalului (dative definite genitive singular)
canale (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor canale (dative genitive indefinite plural)
canalelor (dative definite genitive plural)
canalule (singular vocative)
canalelor (plural vocative)
canal (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un canal (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
canalul (accusative definite nominative singular)
canaluri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște canaluri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
canalurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
canal (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui canal (dative genitive indefinite singular)
canalului (dative definite genitive singular)
canaluri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor canaluri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
canalurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
canalule (singular vocative)
canalurilor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French canal, Latin canālis.


Oceania

Oceania (accusative nominative uncountable)
Oceaniei (dative genitive uncountable)

Borrowed from French Océanie. By surface analysis, ocean + -ia.

Oceania (a geographical region or continent in the Pacific Ocean)


Antarctica

Antarctică (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Antarctică (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Antarctica (accusative definite nominative singular)
Antarctici (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Antarctici (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Antarcticii (dative definite genitive singular)
Antarctică (singular vocative)
Antarctico (singular vocative)


Africa

Africă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Africă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Africa (accusative definite nominative singular)
Africi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Africi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Africii (dative definite genitive singular)
Africă (singular vocative)
Africo (singular vocative)


mal

maluri (plural)
mal (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un mal (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
malul (accusative definite nominative singular)
maluri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște maluri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
malurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
mal (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui mal (dative genitive indefinite singular)
malului (dative definite genitive singular)
maluri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor maluri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
malurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
malule (singular vocative)
malurilor (plural vocative)

Cognate to Aromanian mal and meal. From Proto-Albanian *mala (“mountain”) (Standard Albanian mal). See Albanian mal (“mountain”) for more.

Albanian language
Aromanian language
Proto-Albanian language
Vladimir Orel


Asia

Asie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Asie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Asia (accusative definite nominative singular)
Asii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Asii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Asiei (dative definite genitive singular)
Asie (singular vocative)
Asio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀσία (Asía).


Amsterdam

Amsterdam (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Amsterdam (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Amsterdamul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Amsterdam (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Amsterdam (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Amsterdamului (dative definite genitive singular)
Amsterdamule (singular vocative)

Amsterdam (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands; capital city of the Netherlands)


mare

mări (plural)
mare (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o mare (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
marea (accusative definite nominative singular)
mări (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște mări (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
mările (accusative definite nominative plural)
mări (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei mări (dative genitive indefinite singular)
mării (dative definite genitive singular)
mări (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor mări (dative genitive indefinite plural)
mărilor (dative definite genitive plural)
mare (singular vocative)
mareo (singular vocative)
mărilor (plural vocative)

Latin language
Proto-Indo-European language
Proto-Italic language

From Latin mare, from Proto-Italic *mari, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.

Când am mers la mare, am înotat un pic și mai târziu am prins un pește mare.

When I went to sea, I swam a little and later caught a big fish.


California

California (a state of the United States)


Paris

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Emiratele Arabe Unite

LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Emiratele Arabe Unite.wav

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

the United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Vulcan

Borrowed from Hungarian Volkány, from Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ, “wolf”).


Sardinia

Sardinie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Sardinie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Sardinia (accusative definite nominative singular)
Sardinii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Sardinii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Sardiniei (dative definite genitive singular)
Sardinie (singular vocative)
Sardinio (singular vocative)

Sardinia (an island and autonomous region of Italy, in the Mediterranean Sea)


Barcelona

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain)

Barcelona (a province of Catalonia, Spain)


Siberia

Siberia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Siberiei (dative genitive uncountable)


New York

New York (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un New York (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
New Yorkul (accusative definite nominative singular)
New York (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui New York (dative genitive indefinite singular)
New Yorkului (dative definite genitive singular)
New Yorkule (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English New York.

ubor

New York, New York City (the largest city in the state of New York, and the largest city in the United States)


Berlin

Berlin (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Berlin (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Berlinul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Berlin (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Berlin (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Berlinului (dative definite genitive singular)
Berlinule (singular vocative)

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)

Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)


Vidin

Named after the Siege of Vidin of the Romanian War of Independence.
Borrowed from Bulgarian Видин (Vidin).


Cluj

Cluj (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Cluj (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Clujul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Cluj (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Cluj (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Clujului (dative definite genitive singular)
Clujule (singular vocative)

Compare the Hungarian name for the town, Hungarian Kolozsvár (cp.vár), and the German Klausenburg (cp. Burg). Alternative forms in older Romanian include Cluș.
May be derived from a Slavic diminutive of Nicholas, compare Czech Mikluš, ultimately from Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos).
Alternately, may be derived from Latin clausa, clusa, from clausus or clusus through an intermediate; compare the medieval Latin name for the town, Castrum Clus. See also Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”).
The official name of the city is Cluj-Napoca, with the name of the Roman settlement Napoca added in 1974, but this form is rarely used outside of official contexts.

(informal or historical) Cluj-Napoca, a capital city of Cluj County, Romania


Alexandria

Alexandrie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Alexandrie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Alexandria (accusative definite nominative singular)
Alexandrii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Alexandrii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Alexandriei (dative definite genitive singular)
Alexandrie (singular vocative)
Alexandrio (singular vocative)

From Alexandru + -ia. Named after Alexandru II Ghica.


Egipt

Egipt (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Egipt (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Egiptul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Egipt (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Egipt (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Egiptului (dative definite genitive singular)
Egiptule (singular vocative)

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Venus

Borrowed from French Vénus, from Latin Venus.

A locality in Mangalia, Constanța, Romania


ocean

oceane (plural)
ocean (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un ocean (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
oceanul (accusative definite nominative singular)
oceane (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște oceane (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
oceanele (accusative definite nominative plural)
ocean (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui ocean (dative genitive indefinite singular)
oceanului (dative definite genitive singular)
oceane (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor oceane (dative genitive indefinite plural)
oceanelor (dative definite genitive plural)
oceanule (singular vocative)
oceanelor (plural vocative)


America

Americi (plural)
Americă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Americă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
America (accusative definite nominative singular)
Americi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște Americi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
Americile (accusative definite nominative plural)
Americi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Americi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Americii (dative definite genitive singular)
Americi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor Americi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
Americilor (dative definite genitive plural)
America (singular vocative)
Americă (singular vocative)
Americilor (plural vocative)

America, the Americas (two continents, North America and South America)

United States of America
United States of America#English

America, the United States of America (a country in North America)


Belgia

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Rusia

Rusia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Rusiei (dative genitive uncountable)

→ Vlax Romani: Řusỳja (< Early Romanian *Rrusî́ia)

From Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”). Equivalent to rus + -ia.
From Old Romanian Rusia, where -i- is stressed, from Early Romanian *Rrusî́ia, from South Slavic dialect Rusȉja (> Serbo-Croatian Rùsija).

der

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Jura

From Jora. Compare Ukrainian Жура (Žura), Russian Жура (Žura), Polish Żura.

A village in Jura, Transnistria, Moldova


Italia

Italia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Italiei (dative genitive uncountable)


vale

văi (plural)
vale (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o vale (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
valea (accusative definite nominative singular)
văi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște văi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
văile (accusative definite nominative plural)
văi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei văi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
văii (dative definite genitive singular)
văi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor văi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
văilor (dative definite genitive plural)
vale (singular vocative)
valeo (singular vocative)
văilor (plural vocative)

Inherited from Latin vallis, vallem. Compare Aromanian vali / vale.


cap

capete (plural)
cap (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un cap (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
capul (accusative definite nominative singular)
capete (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște capete (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
capetele (accusative definite nominative plural)
cap (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui cap (dative genitive indefinite singular)
capului (dative definite genitive singular)
capete (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor capete (dative genitive indefinite plural)
capetelor (dative definite genitive plural)
capule (singular vocative)
capetelor (plural vocative)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput, from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *káput. Plural form capete from Latin capita. Compare the doublet șef, borrowed from French.


cap

capuri (plural)
cap (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un cap (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
capul (accusative definite nominative singular)
capuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște capuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
capurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
cap (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui cap (dative genitive indefinite singular)
capului (dative definite genitive singular)
capuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor capuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
capurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
capule (singular vocative)
capurilor (plural vocative)


Adam

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Адамъ (Adamŭ).


Marsilia

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Marseille (the capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)


deset

deseturi (plural)
deset (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un deset (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
desetul (accusative definite nominative singular)
deseturi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște deseturi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
deseturile (accusative definite nominative plural)
deset (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui deset (dative genitive indefinite singular)
desetului (dative definite genitive singular)
deseturi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor deseturi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
deseturilor (dative definite genitive plural)
desetule (singular vocative)
deseturilor (plural vocative)


David

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Давꙑдъ (Davydŭ), from Koine Greek Δαυίδ (Dauíd), Δαβίδ (Dabíd), from Biblical Hebrew דּוד (Dāwîḏ, literally “beloved”).


golf

golfuri (plural)
golf (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un golf (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
golful (accusative definite nominative singular)
golfuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște golfuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
golfurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
golf (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui golf (dative genitive indefinite singular)
golfului (dative definite genitive singular)
golfuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor golfuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
golfurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
golfule (singular vocative)
golfurilor (plural vocative)


Lombardia

Borrowed from Italian Lombardia. By surface analysis, lombard + -ia.

administrative region
administrative region

Lombardy (an administrative region in northern Italy, where its capital and the largest city Milan is founded in the Po Valley)


Europa

Europă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Europă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Europa (accusative definite nominative singular)
Europe (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Europe (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Europei (dative definite genitive singular)
Europă (singular vocative)
Europo (singular vocative)


lac

lacuri (plural)
lac (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un lac (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
lacul (accusative definite nominative singular)
lacuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște lacuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
lacurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
lac (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui lac (dative genitive indefinite singular)
lacului (dative definite genitive singular)
lacuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor lacuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
lacurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
lacule (singular vocative)
lacurilor (plural vocative)

Inherited from Latin lacus (“lake”), from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”). Compare Aragonese laco, Catalan llac, Esperanto lago, French lac, Italian lago, Maltese lag, Portuguese lago, Sardinian lagu, Spanish lago.


Siria

From Latin Syria, from Ancient Greek Συρία (Suría).

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Grecia

Borrowed from Latin Graecia, from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós). Equivalent to grec + -ia. Compare Aromanian Gãrtsia.


Irak

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Massachusetts

Massachusetts (a state of the United States)


subcontinent

subcontinente (plural)
subcontinent (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un subcontinent (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
subcontinentul (accusative definite nominative singular)
subcontinente (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște subcontinente (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
subcontinentele (accusative definite nominative plural)
subcontinent (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui subcontinent (dative genitive indefinite singular)
subcontinentului (dative definite genitive singular)
subcontinente (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor subcontinente (dative genitive indefinite plural)
subcontinentelor (dative definite genitive plural)
subcontinentule (singular vocative)
subcontinentelor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French sous-continent. By surface analysis, sub- + continent.


baltă

bălți (plural)
baltă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o baltă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
balta (accusative definite nominative singular)
bălți (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște bălți (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
bălțile (accusative definite nominative plural)
bălți (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei bălți (dative genitive indefinite singular)
bălții (dative definite genitive singular)
bălți (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor bălți (dative genitive indefinite plural)
bălților (dative definite genitive plural)
baltă (singular vocative)
balto (singular vocative)
bălților (plural vocative)

It is generally agreed to be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelH- (“to gleam”), but there is disagreement whether the word is one of the earliest Romanian loans from Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp”), or whether it is a substratum word. Compare Albanian baltë (“mud”), Aromanian baltã, Italian palta (“swamp”) and Greek βάλτος (váltos, “swamp”).

puddle, pond, pool (especially muddy); also swamp


grumaz

grumazuri (plural)
grumaz (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un grumaz (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
grumazul (accusative definite nominative singular)
grumazuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște grumazuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
grumazurii (accusative definite nominative plural)
grumaz (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui grumaz (dative genitive indefinite singular)
grumazului (dative definite genitive singular)
grumazuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor grumazuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
grumazurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
grumazule (singular vocative)
grumazurilor (plural vocative)

Possibly a substrate word, akin to Albanian gurmaz, or derived from the Albanian or from Vulgar Latin gruma (a variant of Latin grumus attested as meaning a nipple or teat but possibly also a small hill) + the Romanian suffix -ză. Compare also Italian gruma and Aromanian gurmadz.


măgură

măguri (plural)
măgură (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o măgură (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
măgura (accusative definite nominative singular)
măguri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște măguri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
măgurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
măguri (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei măguri (dative genitive indefinite singular)
măgurii (dative definite genitive singular)
măguri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor măguri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
măgurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
măgură (singular vocative)
măguro (singular vocative)
măgurilor (plural vocative)

Origin unknown. Possibly from dialectal măgulă (compare Aromanian mãgulã), from Albanian magulë (“heap”), metathetic form of gamulë, or an expressive creation based on *măc- or *moc-. Other less likely theories included Latin macula or *maculum, or a Proto-Slavic *mogyla. Compare also Greek μαγούλα (magoúla, “hill”) and Latin magulum (“cheek”).
This word has also been associated with the pan-Mediterranean substrate which is allegedly reflected in Basque mokor (“lump of earth”) and Sardinian mogoro (“hill”).

unk

unknown


stâncă

stânci (plural)
stâncă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o stâncă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
stânca (accusative definite nominative singular)
stânci (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște stânci (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
stâncile (accusative definite nominative plural)
stânci (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei stânci (dative genitive indefinite singular)
stâncii (dative definite genitive singular)
stânci (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor stânci (dative genitive indefinite plural)
stâncilor (dative definite genitive plural)
stâncă (singular vocative)
stânco (singular vocative)
stâncilor (plural vocative)

Unknown. Possibly a substratum word, or an early borrowing from Slavic *stěnъka (compare Czech stěnka), diminutive of *stěna (“wall”). Doublet of stană (“rock”).


pârâu

pâraie (plural)
pârâuri (plural)
pârâu (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un pârâu (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
pârâul (accusative definite nominative singular)
pâraie (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște pâraie (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
pâraiele (accusative definite nominative plural)
pârâu (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui pârâu (dative genitive indefinite singular)
pârâului (dative definite genitive singular)
pâraie (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor pâraie (dative genitive indefinite plural)
pâraielor (dative definite genitive plural)
pârâule (singular vocative)
pâraielor (plural vocative)

Unknown. Influenced by râu (“river”), compare Megleno-Romanian păroi. Possibly from a Slavic language (compare Bulgarian порой (poroj)). Alternative theories suggest Albanian përrua, Thracian *parau(t) and Greek *παρροή (*parroḯ), from παραρροή (pararroḯ).


Beijing

Beijing (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Beijing (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Beijingul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Beijing (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Beijing (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Beijingului (dative definite genitive singular)
Beijingule (singular vocative)

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


Ucraina

Ucraina (accusative nominative uncountable)
Ucrainei (dative genitive uncountable)

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Adrian

A locality in Livada, Satu Mare, Romania


Londra

Londră (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Londră (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Londra (accusative definite nominative singular)
Londre (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Londre (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Londrei (dative definite genitive singular)
Londră (singular vocative)
Londro (singular vocative)

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Germania

Germania (accusative nominative uncountable)
Germaniei (dative genitive uncountable)

From Latin Germānia. Equivalent to german + -ia.

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Polonia

From Medieval Latin Polonia. By surface analysis, polon + -ia.


Afganistan

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Ant

A village in Avram Iancu, Bihor, Romania


Brad

A village in Berești-Bistrița, Bacău, Romania


Caracal

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish [script needed] (karakale), from قره (kara, “black”) + قلعه (kale, “fortress”).


Capra

A river in Argeș, Romania, tributary to the Argeș

A river in Gorj, Romania, tributary to the Ciocadia

A river in Bihor, Romania, tributary to the Dașor


Bord

Borrowed from Hungarian Bord, from Bor + -d.


Alba

Alba (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Alba (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Albaua (accusative definite nominative singular)
Albale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Albale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Albalei (dative definite genitive singular)
Alba (singular vocative)

From alba, definite feminine form of alb.


Alma

Borrowed from Hungarian Almás, from almás (“apple tree grove”), from alma (“apple”).


Deva

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian djeva or Old Church Slavonic дѣва (děva), from Proto-Slavic *děva (“maiden, girl”).


Colonia

A village in Tritenii de Jos, Cluj, Romania


Humor

A river in Suceava, Romania, tributary to the Bistrița


Manga

From manga, definite form of mangă (“ravine”).

A village in Voinești, Dâmbovița, Romania


Lada

Tătărăștii de Jos
Tătărăștii de Jos#English

A village in Tătărăștii de Jos, Teleorman, Romania


Mal

A village in Oțelu Roșu, Caraș-Severin, Romania


Meri

From meri, plural of măr (“apple tree”).

A village in Drăgănești, Prahova, Romania


Ester

(historical) A village in Constanța, Dobruja, in eastern Romania. Merged with Pazarlia, which was then renamed to Târgușor.


Reunion

Réunion (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, located in the Indian Ocean to the west of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar)


Luna

Borrowed from Hungarian Lóna, from Old Church Slavonic ловьна (lovĭna), feminine of ловьнъ (lovĭnŭ), from ловъ (lovŭ) + -ьнъ (-ĭnŭ).

A locality in Negrești-Oaș, Satu Mare, Romania


Pluton

From plotun (“elk”), influenced by pluton.


Norvegia

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Norvegia, from Old Norse Norvegr (“north way”) (see Norway).


Roman

Roman (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Roman (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Romanul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Roman (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Roman (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Romanului (dative definite genitive singular)
Romanule (singular vocative)


Bagdad

Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq)
Baghdad (a governorate of Iraq)


Iod

Borrowed from Hungarian Jód, from jó (“good”) + -d.


Japonia

Japan (an archipelago and country off the eastern coast of Asia)


Молдова

Moldova (romanization)
Молдова (accusative nominative uncountable)
Молдовей (dative genitive uncountable)

Post-1930s Cyrillic spelling of Moldova. Moldova (a country in Eastern Europe)


Италия

Italia (romanization)
Италия (accusative nominative uncountable)
Италией (dative genitive uncountable)

Cyrillic spelling of Italia.: Italy (a country in Southern Europe)


Kazahstan

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Ljubljana

Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)


Spania

Spania (accusative nominative uncountable)
Spaniei (dative genitive uncountable)

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Etiopia

Etiopia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Etiopiei (dative genitive uncountable)


Luxemburg

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


Solomon

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Соломонъ (Solomonŭ).


Buda

A village in Buda, Călărași Raion, Moldova

A river in Argeș, Romania, tributary to the Argeș

A river in Bacău, Romania, tributary to the Bistrița

A river in Vaslui, Romania, tributary to the Horoiata

A river in Buzău, Romania, tributary to the Râmnicul Sărat

Ariceștii Rahtivani
Ariceștii Rahtivani#English

A village in Ariceștii Rahtivani, Prahova, Romania

A village in Zvoriștea, Suceava, Romania

A locality in Ocnele Mari, Vâlcea, Romania

Alexandru Vlahuță
Alexandru Vlahuță#English

A village in Alexandru Vlahuță, Vaslui, Romania

A village in Bogdănești, Vaslui, Romania


Liban

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Lisa

From lisa, definite form of lisă (“uncultivated field”).


Kosovo

Kosovo (A partly-recognized country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Dacia

Dacia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Daciei (dative genitive uncountable)

Borrowed from Latin Dacia, from Ancient Greek Δάοι (Dáoi), Δάκοι (Dákoi).

(historical) Dacia (an ancient region and former kingdom located in the area now known as Romania)


fiord

fiorduri (plural)
fiord (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un fiord (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
fiordul (accusative definite nominative singular)
fiorde (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște fiorde (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
fiordele (accusative definite nominative plural)
fiord (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui fiord (dative genitive indefinite singular)
fiordului (dative definite genitive singular)
fiorde (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor fiorde (dative genitive indefinite plural)
fiordelor (dative definite genitive plural)
fiordule (singular vocative)
fiordelor (plural vocative)


Dobra

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic добра (dobra), feminine of добръ (dobrŭ, “good”).

A village in Bălăcița, Mehedinți, Romania

A village in Papiu Ilarian, Mureș, Romania


țărm

țărmuri (plural)
țărm (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un țărm (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
țărmul (accusative definite nominative singular)
țărmuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște țărmuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
țărmurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
țărm (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui țărm (dative genitive indefinite singular)
țărmului (dative definite genitive singular)
țărmuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor țărmuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
țărmurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
țărmule (singular vocative)
țărmurilor (plural vocative)

Probably from Latin termen, an older alternative form of terminus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“through”). The archaic variant form țărmur(e) may have been the original, from which the modern form developed analogically, re-interpreted as a singular from the plural țărmuri. To explain this original archaic form, various Vulgar Latin intermediate roots have been proposed, including *termonem, as the accusative of the variant popular form termō, or *terminem as an alternative accusative form, or a diminutive *termulus. Compare the borrowed doublet termen.


cioacă

cioace (plural)
cioacă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o cioacă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
cioaca (accusative definite nominative singular)
cioace (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște cioace (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
cioacele (accusative definite nominative plural)
cioace (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei cioace (dative genitive indefinite singular)
cioacei (dative definite genitive singular)
cioace (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor cioace (dative genitive indefinite plural)
cioacelor (dative definite genitive plural)

Unknown. Possibly of expressive origin or related to cioc (“beak”).
Compare boc < boacă.


râu

râuri (plural)
râu (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un râu (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
râul (accusative definite nominative singular)
râuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște râuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
râurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
râu (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui râu (dative genitive indefinite singular)
râului (dative definite genitive singular)
râuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor râuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
râurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
râule (singular vocative)
râurilor (plural vocative)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin rius (“river”), from Latin rīvus (“brook, small stream”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rih₂wós, from *h₃reyh₂- (“to flow; to move, set in motion”) + *-wós.


Vladimir

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Владимѣръ (Vladiměrŭ).


Rast

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic хврастъ (xvrastŭ, “brushwood”), from Proto-Slavic *xvorstъ.


Timor

Timor (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Timor (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Timorul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Timor (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Timor (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Timorului (dative definite genitive singular)
Timorule (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Timor, from Malay Timor, from timur (“east”), from Proto-Malayic *timur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timuʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *timuʀ.


Maroc

Maroc (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Maroc (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Marocul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Maroc (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Maroc (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Marocului (dative definite genitive singular)
Marocule (singular vocative)


silvă

silve (plural)
silvă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o silvă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
silva (accusative definite nominative singular)
silve (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște silve (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
silvele (accusative definite nominative plural)
silve (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei silve (dative genitive indefinite singular)
silvei (dative definite genitive singular)
silve (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor silve (dative genitive indefinite plural)
silvelor (dative definite genitive plural)
silvă (singular vocative)
silvo (singular vocative)
silvelor (plural vocative)


pădure

păduri (plural)
pădure (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o pădure (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
pădurea (accusative definite nominative singular)
păduri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște păduri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
pădurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
păduri (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei păduri (dative genitive indefinite singular)
pădurii (dative definite genitive singular)
păduri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor păduri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
pădurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
pădure (singular vocative)
pădureo (singular vocative)
pădurilor (plural vocative)

Inherited from Late Latin padūlem (“swamp”), from Latin palūdem via metathesis. Cognate with Albanian pyll (“forest”), which also shares the change in meaning. Compare also Italian padule. Doublet of paludă (“marsh”), an apparent borrowing from Latin.


liman

limanuri (plural)
liman (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un liman (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
limanul (accusative definite nominative singular)
limanuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște limanuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
limanurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
liman (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui liman (dative genitive indefinite singular)
limanului (dative definite genitive singular)
limanuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor limanuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
limanurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
limanule (singular vocative)
limanurilor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish لیمان (liman), from Byzantine Greek λιμένιον (liménion), from Ancient Greek λιμήν (limḗn).


Istria

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἰστρία (Istría).


Creta

Borrowed from Italian Creta, from Latin Crēta, from Ancient Greek Κρήτη (Krḗtē).


Zoltan

Borrowed from Hungarian Zoltán, from szultán (“sultan”), from Ottoman Turkish سلطان (sultan), from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān, “ruler”). Doublet of sultan.

A village in Ghidfalău, Covasna, Romania


Praga

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


Tuzla

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوزله (tuzla, “saltworks”), from طوز (tuz, “salt”).


Bornholm

Bornholm (an island and municipality of Denmark, in the Baltic Sea)


Prod

Borrowed from Hungarian Pród, from Old Church Slavonic прѫдъ (prǫdŭ, “sand bank”). Doublet of prund.


Antananarivo

Antananarivo (the capital city of Madagascar)


Croația

Croația (accusative nominative uncountable)
Croaţiei (dative genitive uncountable)

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


București

head

București m (definite nominative and accusative Bucureștiul, definite genitive and dative Bucureștiului, vocative Bucureștiule)

Bucureștiul (accusative definite nominative)
Bucureștiului (dative definite genitive)
Bucureștiule (vocative)
București (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un București (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Bucureștiul (accusative definite nominative singular)
București (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui București (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Bucureștiului (dative definite genitive singular)
Bucureștiule (singular vocative)

From Bucur (a male given name) + -ești (patronymic or placename suffix). Bucur is the legendary shepherd who is said to have founded the city: his name is often considered to be related to bucurie (“joy”) and bucura (“to become glad”), either of Albanian or Dacian origin, but it may alternatively be derived from a lost word in Romanian relating to pastoral life, ultimately linked to Latin būculus (“young bullock, steer”), diminutive of bōs (“ox, cow”). Compare Old French bugle, French beugler.


Letonia

Latvia (a country in Eastern Europe; capital and largest city: Riga)


Islanda

Iceland (an island and country in Europe; capital and largest city: Reykjavík)


România

României (dative genitive)
Românie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Românie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
România (accusative definite nominative singular)
Românii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Românii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
României (dative definite genitive singular)
Românie (singular vocative)
Românio (singular vocative)

→ English: România

From român + -ia, from the definite form of -ie; român (“Romanian”) derives from Latin Romanus. See also Țara Românească, an older name for the country.

România e o țară foarte frumoasă.

Limba României și a poporului ei, nesurprinzător, se numește română.
The language of Romania and her people, unsurprisingly, is called Romanian.


Rus

A village in Dumbrăvița, Maramureș, Romania


Tiraspol

Borrowed from Russian Тирасполь (Tiraspolʹ), from Ancient Greek Τύρας (Túras) + πόλις (pólis, “city”).

bor+

A city and municipality of Transnistria, Moldova


munte

munți (plural)
munte (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un munte (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
muntele (accusative definite nominative singular)
munți (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște munți (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
munții (accusative definite nominative plural)
munte (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui munte (dative genitive indefinite singular)
muntelui (dative definite genitive singular)
munți (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor munți (dative genitive indefinite plural)
munților (dative definite genitive plural)
munte (singular vocative)
munților (plural vocative)

Inherited from Latin montem, accusative of mōns, from Proto-Indo-European *men-. Compare Aromanian munti.


Transnistria

Transnistria (accusative nominative uncountable)
Transnistriei (dative genitive uncountable)

Transnistria (a breakaway country in Moldova)


Birmania

From New Latin Birmania. By surface analysis, birman + -ia.


Timișoara

Timișoară (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Timișoară (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Timișoara (accusative definite nominative singular)
Timișoare (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Timișoare (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Timișoarei (dative definite genitive singular)
Timișoară (singular vocative)
Timișoaro (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian Temesvár, from Temes (“river Timiș”) + vár (“fortress”).

af

Timișoara (the capital and largest city of Timiș, Romania)


Dunărea

A village in Seimeni, Constanța, Romania


Dunăre

Dunăre (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Dunăre (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Dunărea (accusative definite nominative singular)
Dunări (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Dunări (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Dunării (dative definite genitive singular)
Dunăre (singular vocative)
Dunăreo (singular vocative)

Probably ultimately from Latin Danuvius/Danubius, though through an uncertain intermediate form. A form *Donaris has been proposed to be the one that preceded the Romanian word, possibly showing influence from an older paleo-Balkan or Thracian name for the river, as the -aris suffix can be found in another river, Naparis. The Latin term is likely derived from a Proto-Celtic *Dānowyos, from *Dānu, of Indo-European origin. Doublet of Danubiu.
Alternately, it may have been borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Дꙋнавъ (Dunavŭ), Доунавъ (Dunavŭ), from Proto-Slavic *Dunavь, from Gothic *𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰𐍅𐌹 (*dōnawi), with a singular form recreated from earlier plural form Dunări, from *Duna, akin to Aromanian Duna.
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂nu (“river goddess”), akin to *dʰenh₂- (“to set in motion; to flow”). Likely found in many other river names such as Doncaster, Don, Donets and Dniester, perhaps by way of Scythian (compare Ossetian дон (don, “river”)) or Celtic.


Laz

A village in Vințu de Jos, Alba, Romania


Mexic

Mexic (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Mexic (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Mexicul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Mexic (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Mexic (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Mexicului (dative definite genitive singular)
Mexicule (singular vocative)


izvor

izvoare (plural)
izvor (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un izvor (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
izvorul (accusative definite nominative singular)
izvoare (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște izvoare (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
izvoarele (accusative definite nominative plural)
izvor (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui izvor (dative genitive indefinite singular)
izvorului (dative definite genitive singular)
izvoare (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor izvoare (dative genitive indefinite plural)
izvoarelor (dative definite genitive plural)
izvorule (singular vocative)
izvoarelor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic изворъ (izvorŭ), from Proto-Slavic *jьzvorъ, from *verti. Compare Aromanian izvur.


Finlanda

Finlanda (accusative nominative uncountable)
Finlandei (dative genitive uncountable)

Finland (a country in Northern Europe; capital and largest city: Helsinki)


Elveția

Elveția (accusative nominative uncountable)
Elveției (dative genitive uncountable)

Borrowed from Greek Ελβετία (Elvetía), from Latin Helvetia.

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Kuweit

Kuweit (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Kuweit (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Kuweitul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Kuweit (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Kuweit (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Kuweitului (dative definite genitive singular)
Kuweitule (singular vocative)

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Timorul de Est

Timorul de Est (accusative nominative uncountable)
Timorului de Est (dative genitive uncountable)

LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Timorul de Est.wav

East Timor (a country in Southeast Asia occupying half the island of Timor)


Iordania

Iordania (accusative nominative uncountable)
Iordaniei (dative genitive uncountable)

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Boemia

Boemia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Boemiei (dative genitive uncountable)

From Latin Bohēmia, Boēmia. By surface analysis, boem + -ia.

Bohemia (a region of the Czech Republic)


Sasu

From sasul, definite form of sas (“Saxon”).

A river in Buzău, Romania, tributary to the Buzău

A river in Maramureș, Romania, tributary to the Șieu


Europa Centrală

Europa Centrală (accusative nominative uncountable)
Europei Centrale (dative genitive uncountable)


Europa de Nord

Europa de Nord (accusative nominative uncountable)
Europei de Nord (dative genitive uncountable)


Europa de Vest

Europa de Vest (accusative nominative uncountable)
Europei de Vest (dative genitive uncountable)


Europa de Sud

Europa de Sud (accusative nominative uncountable)
Europei de Sud (dative genitive uncountable)


Europa de Est

Europa de Est (accusative nominative uncountable)
Europei de Est (dative genitive uncountable)


Irina

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Ирина (Irina), from Ancient Greek Εἰρήνη (Eirḗnē), from εἰρήνη (eirḗnē, “peace”).


Africa de Sud

Africa de Sud (accusative nominative uncountable)
Africii de Sud (dative genitive uncountable)

LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Africa de Sud.wav

South Africa (a country in Southern Africa)


Capul Verde

Capul Verde (accusative nominative uncountable)
Capului Verde (dative genitive uncountable)

Cape Verde (an archipelago and country in West Africa)


Cambodgia

Cambodgia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Cambodgiei (dative genitive uncountable)


Coreea

Coreea (accusative nominative uncountable)
Coreei (dative genitive uncountable)

Korea (two countries in Asia, North Korea and South Korea)


Coreea de Nord

Coreea de Nord (accusative nominative uncountable)
Coreei de Nord (dative genitive uncountable)

LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Coreea de Nord.wav


Coreea de Sud

Coreea de Sud (accusative nominative uncountable)
Coreei de Sud (dative genitive uncountable)

LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Coreea de Sud.wav


Republica Populară Democratică a Coreei

head

Republica Populară Democratică a Coreei f

Republica Populară Democratică a Coreei (accusative nominative uncountable)

Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Democratic People's Republic of Korea


Coasta de Fildeș

Coasta de Fildeş (canonical feminine)
Coasta de Fildeș (accusative nominative uncountable)
Coastei de Fildeş (dative genitive uncountable)

LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Coasta de Fildeș.wav

Ivory Coast, Côte d'Ivoire (a country in West Africa)


Republica Cehă

Republica Cehă (accusative nominative uncountable)
Republicii Cehe (dative genitive uncountable)

Czech Republic
Czech Republic#English:_Q213

Czech Republic (a country in Central Europe)


Moscova

Moscova (accusative nominative uncountable)
Moscovei (dative genitive uncountable)

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


Brazilia

Brazilia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Braziliei (dative genitive uncountable)

Brazil (A large Portuguese-speaking country in South America)


Azerbaidjan

Azerbaidjan (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Azerbaidjan (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Azerbaidjanul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Azerbaidjan (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Azerbaidjan (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Azerbaidjanului (dative definite genitive singular)
Azerbaidjanule (singular vocative)

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


coastă

coaste (plural)
coastă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o coastă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
coasta (accusative definite nominative singular)
coaste (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște coaste (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
coastele (accusative definite nominative plural)
coaste (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei coaste (dative genitive indefinite singular)
coastei (dative definite genitive singular)
coaste (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor coaste (dative genitive indefinite plural)
coastelor (dative definite genitive plural)
coastă (singular vocative)
coasto (singular vocative)
coastelor (plural vocative)

Inherited from Latin costa, from Proto-Indo-European *kost-.


America de Nord

America de Nord (accusative nominative uncountable)
Americii de Nord (dative genitive uncountable)


America de Sud

America de Sud (accusative nominative uncountable)
Americii de Sud (dative genitive uncountable)


America Centrală

America Centrală (accusative nominative uncountable)
Americii Centrale (dative genitive uncountable)

Central America (a region of North America)


Oltenia

Oltenie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Oltenie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Oltenia (accusative definite nominative singular)
Oltenii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Oltenii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Olteniei (dative definite genitive singular)
Oltenie (singular vocative)
Oltenio (singular vocative)


Muntenia

Muntenie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Muntenie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Muntenia (accusative definite nominative singular)
Muntenii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Muntenii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Munteniei (dative definite genitive singular)
Muntenie (singular vocative)
Muntenio (singular vocative)

From muntean + -ia, from munte (“mountain”).

Muntenia (a historical region in Romania)


Transilvania

Transilvanie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Transilvanie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Transilvania (accusative definite nominative singular)
Transilvanii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Transilvanii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Transilvaniei (dative definite genitive singular)
Transilvanie (singular vocative)
Transilvanio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Latin Transsilvania, on the basis of the preposition trans (“across”) + silvam, the accusative singular of silva (“forest”). Meaning "across the forest". Itself a calque of Hungarian Erdély, from erdő (“forest”) + elü (“region beyond”).


Valahia

Valahie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Valahie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Valahia (accusative definite nominative singular)
Valahii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Valahii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Valahiei (dative definite genitive singular)
Valahie (singular vocative)
Valahio (singular vocative)


Țara Românească

Țara Românească (accusative nominative uncountable)
Țării Românești (dative genitive uncountable)

Literally, “the Romanian land”; originally Țeara Rumânească in older, now archaic Romanian. Also written as Цѣра Румѫнѣскъ or Цѣра Рȣмѫнѣскъ in Cyrillic.


plajă

plaje (plural)
plajă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o plajă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
plaja (accusative definite nominative singular)
plaje (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște plaje (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
plajele (accusative definite nominative plural)
plaje (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei plaje (dative genitive indefinite singular)
plajei (dative definite genitive singular)
plaje (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor plaje (dative genitive indefinite plural)
plajelor (dative definite genitive plural)
plajă (singular vocative)
plajo (singular vocative)
plajelor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French plage, from Medieval Latin plagia, from Ancient Greek πλάγιος (plágios). Doublet of plai.


smârc

smârcuri (plural)
smârc (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un smârc (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
smârcul (accusative definite nominative singular)
smârcuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște smârcuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
smârcurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
smârc (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui smârc (dative genitive indefinite singular)
smârcului (dative definite genitive singular)
smârcuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor smârcuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
smârcurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
smârcule (singular vocative)
smârcurilor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic смръкъ (smrŭkŭ).


insulă

insule (plural)
insulă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o insulă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
insula (accusative definite nominative singular)
insule (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște insule (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
insulele (accusative definite nominative plural)
insule (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei insule (dative genitive indefinite singular)
insulei (dative definite genitive singular)
insule (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor insule (dative genitive indefinite plural)
insulelor (dative definite genitive plural)
insulă (singular vocative)
insulo (singular vocative)
insulelor (plural vocative)


Zlata

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic злато (zlato) from Proto-Slavic *zolto (“gold”).

A river in Hunedoara, Romania, tributary to the Lăpușnicul Mare

A river in Hunedoara, Romania, tributary to the Mare


Русия

Rusia (romanization)
Русия (accusative nominative uncountable)
Русией (dative genitive uncountable)

Post-1930s Cyrillic spelling of Rusia.: Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Romana

From Roman + -a, from Old Church Slavonic Романъ (Romanŭ).


Aiton

Borrowed from Hungarian Ajtony, from Ahtun, from Kipchak Ohtum.


Atena

Atenă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Atenă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Atena (accusative definite nominative singular)
Atene (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Atene (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Atenei (dative definite genitive singular)
Atenă (singular vocative)
Ateno (singular vocative)


Statele Unite ale Americii

LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Statele Unite ale Americii.wav

United States of America (a country in North America)


Ungaria

Ungaria (accusative nominative uncountable)
Ungariei (dative genitive uncountable)

Republica Ungară
Republica Ungară#Romanian

Hungary (a country in Central Europe; official name: Republica Ungară)


capitală

capitale (plural)
capitală (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o capitală (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
capitala (accusative definite nominative singular)
capitale (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște capitale (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
capitalele (accusative definite nominative plural)
capitale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei capitale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
capitalei (dative definite genitive singular)
capitale (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor capitale (dative genitive indefinite plural)
capitalelor (dative definite genitive plural)
capitală (singular vocative)
capitalo (singular vocative)
capitalelor (plural vocative)


Budapesta

head

Budapesta f (genitive and dative Budapestei)

Budapestei (dative genitive)
Budapestă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Budapestă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Budapesta (accusative definite nominative singular)
Budapeste (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Budapeste (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Budapestei (dative definite genitive singular)
Budapestă (singular vocative)
Budapesto (singular vocative)


Lenin

A village in Lenin, Transnistria, Moldova


Oceanul Atlantic

Atlantic Ocean (the ocean lying between the Americas to the west and Europe and Africa to the east)


Viena

Borrowed from Italian Vienna or French Vienne, from Latin Vindobona, ultimately from Celtic. Replaced earlier Beci, Beciu, borrowed from Hungarian Bécs.


Cecenia

From Russian Чечня́ (Čečnjá). By surface analysis, cecen + -ia.

Chechnya (a republic of the northern Caucasus of Russia; capital: Grozny)


Udmurtia

From Russian Удму́ртия (Udmúrtija). By surface analysis, udmurt + -ia.

Udmurtia (a republic of Russia, on a plain to the west of the Ural Mountains)


Lita

Borrowed from Hungarian Léta, from lét + -a.


Arad

Arad (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Arad (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Aradul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Arad (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Arad (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Aradului (dative definite genitive singular)
Aradule (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian Arad, its first ispán.


Babilon

(historical) Babylon (an ancient city in Mesopotamia, built on the banks of the Euphrates, which was the capital of Babylonia)


Haga

The Hague (the administrative capital of the Netherlands)


Giura

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Đuro, ultimately from Ancient Greek Γεώργιος (Geṓrgios).


Liebling

Borrowed from German Liebling (“darling”).


Olimp

From Latin Olympus, from Ancient Greek Ὄλυμπος (Ólumpos).

A locality in Mangalia, Constanța, Romania


Elba

Elbă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Elbă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Elba (accusative definite nominative singular)
Elbe (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Elbe (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Elbei (dative definite genitive singular)
Elbă (singular vocative)
Elbo (singular vocative)


Normandia

From French Normandie. By surface analysis, normand + -ia.

Normandy (an administrative region, historical province, and medieval kingdom in northwest France, on the English Channel)


Oceanul Pacific

Pacific Ocean (the world's largest body of water)


Dresda

Dresden (a city, the state capital of Saxony, Germany)


peninsulă

peninsule (plural)
peninsulă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o peninsulă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
peninsula (accusative definite nominative singular)
peninsule (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște peninsule (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
peninsulele (accusative definite nominative plural)
peninsule (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei peninsule (dative genitive indefinite singular)
peninsulei (dative definite genitive singular)
peninsule (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor peninsule (dative genitive indefinite plural)
peninsulelor (dative definite genitive plural)
peninsulă (singular vocative)
peninsulo (singular vocative)
peninsulelor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French péninsule, Latin paenīnsula (“peninsula”), from paene (“almost”), and īnsula (“island”).


vulcan

vulcani (plural)
vulcan (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un vulcan (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
vulcanul (accusative definite nominative singular)
vulcani (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște vulcani (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
vulcanii (accusative definite nominative plural)
vulcan (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui vulcan (dative genitive indefinite singular)
vulcanului (dative definite genitive singular)
vulcani (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor vulcani (dative genitive indefinite plural)
vulcanilor (dative definite genitive plural)
vulcanule (singular vocative)
vulcanilor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian vulcano or German Vulkan. Compare Aromanian vulcan.


Țările de Jos

Ţările de Jos (canonical feminine plural)

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


Bosnia și Herțegovina

LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Bosnia și Herțegovina.wav

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English:_Q225

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Cipru

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia)


Cehia

Cehia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Cehiei (dative genitive uncountable)

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe; official name: Republica Cehă)


Turcia

From Latin Turcia. By surface analysis, turc + -ia

Turkey (a country located in Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Arabia Saudită

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Ierusalim

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Їєроусалимъ (Ierusalimŭ), from Ancient Greek Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalḗm), from Biblical Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


platou

platouri (plural)
platou (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un platou (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
platoul (accusative definite nominative singular)
platouri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște platouri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
platourile (accusative definite nominative plural)
platou (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui platou (dative genitive indefinite singular)
platoului (dative definite genitive singular)
platouri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor platouri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
platourilor (dative definite genitive plural)
platoule (singular vocative)
platourilor (plural vocative)


SUA

Statele Unite ale Americii
Statele Unite ale Americii#Romanian

USA (a country in North America); acronym of Statele Unite ale Americii (“United States of America”)


Radomir

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Радомиръ (Radomirŭ). Compare Bulgarian Радомир (Radomir).


Siret

Borrowed from Old East Slavic Серетъ (Seretŭ), borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarít, cognate with Sanskrit सरित् (sarit, “river, stream”), Sanskrit सरति (sarati, “to run, flow”), from Proto-Indo-European *sel- (“to leap, jump; to run, flow”).

inh

A river in Ukraine and Romania; a tributary of the Danube.


Misir

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish مصر (mısır), from Arabic مِصْر (miṣr).

bor+

(dated) Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Marea Mediterană

Mediterranean Sea (the sea between Europe and Africa)


Bogdana

A village in Ștefan cel Mare, Bacău, Romania

A village in Dragoș Vodă, Călărași, Romania

A village in Bogdana, Teleorman, Romania


Sava

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Сава (Sava), from Ancient Greek Σάββας (Sábbas).


faleză

faleze (plural)
faleză (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o faleză (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
faleza (accusative definite nominative singular)
faleze (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște faleze (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
falezele (accusative definite nominative plural)
faleze (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei faleze (dative genitive indefinite singular)
falezei (dative definite genitive singular)
faleze (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor faleze (dative genitive indefinite plural)
falezelor (dative definite genitive plural)
faleză (singular vocative)
falezo (singular vocative)
falezelor (plural vocative)


fluviu

fluvii (plural)
fluviu (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un fluviu (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
fluviul (accusative definite nominative singular)
fluvii (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște fluvii (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
fluviile (accusative definite nominative plural)
fluviu (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui fluviu (dative genitive indefinite singular)
fluviului (dative definite genitive singular)
fluvii (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor fluvii (dative genitive indefinite plural)
fluviilor (dative definite genitive plural)
fluviule (singular vocative)
fluviilor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Latin fluvius (19th century).

a (large) river (large stream which drains a landmass)


Indonezia

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


arboret

Inherited from Latin arborētum, equivalent to arbore + -et. Compare Aromanian arburet.


Olt

Oltului (dative genitive)
Olt (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Olt (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Oltul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Olt (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Olt (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Oltului (dative definite genitive singular)
Oltule (singular vocative)

Uncertain. The name has been used since the ancient times, but the phonetic change a > o appears to indicate that the word reached Romanian through a Slavic intermediary (similar to the change from acetum to oțet). Direct inheritance from Latin would have yielded *Arută.
Ancient recorded variants include: Ancient Greek Aλoύτα (Aloúta) (Strabo), Ancient Greek Aλoύταζ (Aloútaz) (Ptolemaios), Latin Alutus (Tabula Peutingeriana).

Olt (a river in Romania) (the longest flowing exclusively through it)


codru

codri (plural)
codru (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un codru (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
codrul (accusative definite nominative singular)
codri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște codri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
codrii (accusative definite nominative plural)
codru (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui codru (dative genitive indefinite singular)
codrului (dative definite genitive singular)
codri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor codri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
codrilor (dative definite genitive plural)
codrule (singular vocative)
codrilor (plural vocative)


Iași

Uncertain. Probably from Kipchak yaasi (“archers”), from yaa (“bow”), from Proto-Turkic *yā(y) (“bow”).
Early in the 20th century, a link to the ancient Iazyges has been proposed, the Roman name of an ancient Sarmatian tribe that once lived in the area, or from a tribe of Alans known as the Jassi.

Iasi (a city in Iași, Moldavia, in northeastern Romania)


șes

ro-adj

șes m or n (feminine singular șeasă, masculine plural șeși, feminine and neuter plural șese)

șeasă (feminine singular)
șeși (masculine plural)
șese (feminine neuter plural)
șes (accusative indefinite masculine neuter nominative singular)
șeasă (accusative feminine indefinite nominative singular)
șeși (accusative indefinite masculine nominative plural)
șese (accusative feminine indefinite neuter nominative plural)
șesul (accusative definite masculine neuter nominative singular)
șeasa (accusative definite feminine nominative singular)
șeșii (accusative definite masculine nominative plural)
șesele (accusative definite feminine neuter nominative plural)
șes (dative genitive indefinite masculine neuter singular)
șese (dative feminine genitive indefinite singular)
șeși (dative genitive indefinite masculine plural)
șese (dative feminine genitive indefinite neuter plural)
șesului (dative definite genitive masculine neuter singular)
șesei (dative definite feminine genitive singular)
șeșilor (dative definite genitive masculine plural)
șeselor (dative definite feminine genitive neuter plural)

Inherited from Latin sessus (“seat”) (compare Albanian shesh, Aromanian shes), from sedeō (“I sit”); change in meaning also in Albanian shesh (“plain; flatness”).


Marea Adriatică

Adriatic Sea (sea that stretches from the Ionian Sea to the Gulf of Venice)


Marea Albă

White Sea (a sea to the northwest of Russia)


câmpie

câmpii (plural)
câmpie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o câmpie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
câmpia (accusative definite nominative singular)
câmpii (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște câmpii (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
câmpiile (accusative definite nominative plural)
câmpii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei câmpii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
câmpiei (dative definite genitive singular)
câmpii (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor câmpii (dative genitive indefinite plural)
câmpiilor (dative definite genitive plural)
câmpie (singular vocative)
câmpio (singular vocative)
câmpiilor (plural vocative)

Either from câmp (“field”) + -ie or from Vulgar Latin *campia, from Ancient Greek [Term?]. Compare Sicilian campia and Calabrian (?) campia; less likely from Latin campus + -inea.

plain (an expanse of land with relatively low relief)


Rodina

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic родина (rodina), from Proto-Slavic *rodina.


Sopot

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic сопотъ (sopotŭ), from Proto-Slavic *sopotъ (“place with echo, resound”), from *so(p)ti (“to wheeze, whistle”).


Albina

A village in Tichilești, Brăila, Romania

A village in Moșnița Nouă, Timiș, Romania


Sânandrei

From an alteration of one of its variant forms (cf. Sântândrea), from Latin Sanctus Andreas, or more likely from sân(t) + the name Andrei. Compare Italian Sant'Andrea, Spanish San Andrés.

A village and commune in Timiș, Romania.


Marea Neagră

the Black Sea (an inland sea between southeastern Europe, Caucasus and Asia Minor)


Oceanul Antarctic

Southern Ocean (the fourth largest ocean of the Earth, surrounding the Antarctic landmass)


Oceanul Arctic

Arctic Ocean (the smallest of the five oceans of the Earth, on and around the North Pole)


Bucovina

Bucovină (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Bucovină (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Bucovina (accusative definite nominative singular)
Bucovine (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Bucovine (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Bucovinei (dative definite genitive singular)
Bucovină (singular vocative)
Bucovino (singular vocative)

From Old Polish Bukowina, from bukowina (“beech forest”), from buk (“beech”) + -ow + -ina, from Proto-Slavic *bukъ.


crâng

crânguri (plural)
crâng (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un crâng (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
crângul (accusative definite nominative singular)
crânguri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște crânguri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
crângurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
crâng (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui crâng (dative genitive indefinite singular)
crângului (dative definite genitive singular)
crânguri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor crânguri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
crângurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
crângule (singular vocative)
crângurilor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic крѫгъ (krǫgŭ), from Proto-Slavic *krǫgъ.


Ginta

Borrowed from Hungarian Gyanta, from gyanta (“resin”).


Rasa

From rasa, definite feminine form of ras (“cleared”).

A village in Grădiștea, Călărași, Romania


șuvoi

șuvoaie (plural)
șuvoi (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un șuvoi (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
șuvoiul (accusative definite nominative singular)
șuvoaie (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște șuvoaie (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
șuvoaiele (accusative definite nominative plural)
șuvoi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui șuvoi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
șuvoiului (dative definite genitive singular)
șuvoaie (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor șuvoaie (dative genitive indefinite plural)
șuvoaielor (dative definite genitive plural)
șuvoiule (singular vocative)
șuvoaielor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian sió, influenced by povoi, dialectal form of puhoi.


Baba

A village in Coroieni, Maramureș, Romania


Chilia

A village in Homoroade, Satu Mare, Romania


Ierihon

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Ѥрихонъ (Jerixonŭ), from Ancient Greek Ἰερῑχώ (Ierīkhṓ), from Biblical Hebrew יְרִיחוֹ (yərīḥō)

Jericho (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)


colină

coline (plural)
colină (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o colină (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
colina (accusative definite nominative singular)
coline (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște coline (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
colinele (accusative definite nominative plural)
coline (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei coline (dative genitive indefinite singular)
colinei (dative definite genitive singular)
coline (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor coline (dative genitive indefinite plural)
colinelor (dative definite genitive plural)
colină (singular vocative)
colino (singular vocative)
colinelor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French colline or Italian collina (itself the source of the French word).


Holm

Borrowed from Ukrainian холм (xolm, “hill”).

A village in Podu Iloaiei, Iași, Romania


Bic

Borrowed from Hungarian Bükk, from bükk (“beech”).

Șimleu Silvaniei
Șimleu Silvaniei#English

A locality in Șimleu Silvaniei, Sălaj, Romania


Var

A river in Harghita, Romania, tributary to the Olt

A river in Harghita, Romania, tributary to the Târnava Mare

A village in Obreja, Caraș-Severin, Romania


dumbravă

dumbrăvi (plural)
dumbravă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o dumbravă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
dumbrava (accusative definite nominative singular)
dumbrăvi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște dumbrăvi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
dumbrăvile (accusative definite nominative plural)
dumbrăvi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei dumbrăvi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
dumbrăvii (dative definite genitive singular)
dumbrăvi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor dumbrăvi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
dumbrăvilor (dative definite genitive plural)
dumbravă (singular vocative)
dumbravo (singular vocative)
dumbrăvilor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic дѫбрава (dǫbrava), from Proto-Slavic *dǫbrava.

young or small forest; thicket, coppice, grove


Albeni

A village in Scurtu Mare, Teleorman, Romania


mladă

mlăzi (plural)
mladă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o mladă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mlada (accusative definite nominative singular)
mlăzi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște mlăzi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
mlăzile (accusative definite nominative plural)
mlăzi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei mlăzi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
mlăzii (dative definite genitive singular)
mlăzi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor mlăzi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
mlăzilor (dative definite genitive plural)
mladă (singular vocative)
mlado (singular vocative)
mlăzilor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic младъ (mladŭ), from Proto-Slavic *moldъ (“youth”).


Tur

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic тоуръ (turŭ, “aurochs, bull”).

A locality in Negrești-Oaș, Satu Mare, Romania


Кишинэу

head

Кишинэу (Chișinău) n (definite nominative/accusative Кишинэул, definite genitive/dative Кишинэулуи)

Chișinău (romanization)
Кишинэул (accusative definite nominative)
Кишинэулуи (dative definite genitive)

Post-1930s Cyrillic spelling of Chișinău.: Chișinău (the capital city of Moldova)


Ромыния

Romînia (romanization)
Ромыния (accusative nominative uncountable)
Ромынией (dative genitive uncountable)

Post-1930s Cyrillic spelling of România.: Romania (a country in Southeast Europe)


Chișinău

Chișinău n (definite nominative/accusative Chișinăul, definite genitive/dative Chișinăului)

Chișinăul (accusative definite nominative)
Chișinăului (dative definite genitive)
Chișinău (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Chișinău (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Chișinăul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Chișinău (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Chișinău (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Chișinăului (dative definite genitive singular)
Chișinăule (singular vocative)

* From Hungarian Kisjenő, derived from kis (“small”) + Jenő (“Hungarian tribe”), compare the town of Chișineu-Criș in Romania.
* Possibly from (Cuman) Kipchak kešene (“burial mound”), Karachay-Balkar kešene (“graveyard, cemetery”), ultimately from Persian کاشانه (kâšâne). Compare Bashkir кәшәнә (kəşənə, “grave memorial”) and Kazakh кесене (kesene, “mausoleum”).

cog

Chișinău (a municipality, the capital city of Moldova)


defileu

defileuri (plural)
defileu (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un defileu (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
defileul (accusative definite nominative singular)
defileuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște defileuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
defileurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
defileu (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui defileu (dative genitive indefinite singular)
defileului (dative definite genitive singular)
defileuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor defileuri (dative genitive indefinite plural)
defileurilor (dative definite genitive plural)
defileule (singular vocative)
defileurilor (plural vocative)


strâmtoare

strâmtori (plural)
strâmtoare (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o strâmtoare (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
strâmtoarea (accusative definite nominative singular)
strâmtori (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște strâmtori (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
strâmtorile (accusative definite nominative plural)
strâmtori (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei strâmtori (dative genitive indefinite singular)
strâmtorii (dative definite genitive singular)
strâmtori (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor strâmtori (dative genitive indefinite plural)
strâmtorilor (dative definite genitive plural)
strâmtoare (singular vocative)
strâmtoareo (singular vocative)
strâmtorilor (plural vocative)

From strâmt + -oare; compare also Vulgar Latin *strinctōria, Swiss dialectal Italian strintoira, Latin strictōria.

(figuratively) sticky situation, mess, pickle


Valea Regilor

Valley of the Kings (Egyptian valley known for its tombs)


Petros

From petros (“rocky”), from piatră (“rock, stone”).


Abdulah

Borrowed from Turkish Abdullahköy, from Abdullah + köy (“village”).

(historical) A village in Constanța, in eastern Romania. Renamed to Potârnichea.


Piemont

Piedmont (an administrative region in the north of Italy)


Drobeta-Turnu Severin

Previously known as Turnu Severin, from turn (“tower”) + Severin, possibly from Old Church Slavonic сѣверьнъ (sěverĭnŭ, “northern”), from сѣверъ (sěverŭ, “north”), referring to its geographical position within the Second Bulgarian Empire.
The city's name was originally linked by historians with the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus, during whose reign the name of the city was Drobeta Septimia Severiana. Another possible theory, is that Severin's name was taken in memory of Severinus of Noricum, who was the patron saint of the medieval colony Turnu, initially a suffragane of the Diocese of Kalocsa.
Drobeta, which was the ancient Roman name for the city, was added back to the city's name in 1972.
 According to Hamp and Hyllested, Drobeta reflects a Roman misinterpretation of *Druwā-tā (the wooden place) with a postposed article, reflecting an old Albanian syntag for wood dru from Proto-Albanian *druwa-tai

der

A city in Mehedinți, in southwestern Romania in Oltenia


Brașov

Brașov (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Brașov (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Brașovul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Brașov (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Brașov (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Brașovului (dative definite genitive singular)
Brașovule (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic *Брашовъ (*Brašovŭ), from Брашо (Brašo) + -овъ (-ovŭ), diminutive from Братиславъ (Bratislavŭ). Compare the Hungarian name for the city, Hungarian Brassó, from the same source.
An alternative has been proposed from a Turkic barasu, meaning "white water" with a Slavic suffix -ov.
The city was known as Kronstadt ("Crown City") in the local Transylvanian Saxon (German) language, and Corona (“crown”) in Medieval Latin.

bor+

Brașov (the capital city of Brașov County in Transylvania, in central Romania)

Brașov (a county in Transylvania, in central Romania)


Ardeal

desc

→ Armenian: Առտիալ (Aṙtial), Առդեալ (Aṙdeal)

From Hungarian Erdély. The synonym Transilvania was later borrowed from Latin. See Historical names of Transylvania for more information.


Dobrogea

Borrowed from Turkish Dobruca, from Bulgarian Добротица (Dobrotica, “the name of a ruler”), ultimately based partly on Proto-Slavic *dobrъ (“good”).


Târgu Mureș

Târgu Mureș (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Târgu Mureș (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Târgu Mureșul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Târgu Mureș (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Târgu Mureș (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Târgu Mureșului (dative definite genitive singular)
Târgu Mureșule (singular vocative)

târgu(l) (“market”) + Mureș, or "market(place) on the Mureș river". Known as Marosvásárhely in Hungarian, with the same meaning, named so in the early 17th century. Also known as Neumarkt am Mieresch in German (local Transylvanian Saxon Nai Mark or Nai Muark), and documented in Medieval Latin as Novum Forum Siculorum, from the name of the Székely people.

A city in Mureș, in north-central Romania in Transylvania.


Mureș

Borrowed from Hungarian Maros. The o > u sound change is common in Romanian before liquids in borrowings; compare олѣи (olěi) to ulei.
The river was known as Marisus in Latin during antiquity, and mentioned by Herodotus around 484 B.C. as Maris, possibly of Dacian origin. Is known as Maros in Hungarian and Mieresch in German.


Constanța

Constanța (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Constanța (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Constanțaua (accusative definite nominative singular)
Constanțale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Constanțale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Constanțalei (dative definite genitive singular)
Constanța (singular vocative)

Originally known as Tomis in antiquity, the city was later renamed Constantiana after Flavia Julia Constantia, sister of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great; it was first attested as Constantia, or Κωνστάντια (Kōnstántia) around the mid 10th century.

Constanța (the capital city of Constanța, Romania)


Tisa

A village in Bocicoiu Mare, Maramureș, Romania

A locality in Băile Olănești, Vâlcea, Romania


Nisa

Nice (a coastal city, the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes department, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeast France)


Craiova

Borrowed from Proto-Slavic *korľь (“king”) + *-ovъ (possessive adjectival suffix).

Craiova (the capital and largest city of Dolj, Romania)


velj

velj (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un velj (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
veljul (accusative definite nominative singular)
velj (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui velj (dative genitive indefinite singular)
veljului (dative definite genitive singular)
veljule (singular vocative)


strungă

strungi (plural)
strungă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o strungă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
strunga (accusative definite nominative singular)
strungi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște strungi (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
strungile (accusative definite nominative plural)
strungi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei strungi (dative genitive indefinite singular)
strungii (dative definite genitive singular)
strungi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor strungi (dative genitive indefinite plural)
strungilor (dative definite genitive plural)
strungă (singular vocative)
strungo (singular vocative)
strungilor (plural vocative)

Possibly a substrate word from a Paleo-Balkan language within the linguistic area of Proto-Romanian and solely identifiable as Thraco-Dacian *στροῦνγα (*stroῦnga, “tightened, narrowed, strung”) due to comprising all Thracian, Dacian, Moesian and Getean and thus imaginable language territories in its phylum position but, regarding any meaning, the root has also been phonetically improbably related to Thracian *στρουμάν (*stroumán, “stream”). The latter can be deduced from the Ancient Greek river name Στρυμών (Strumṓn, “Strymon”). Perhaps cognate to Latvian strùoga (“alleyway, forest path”), which points at a Thraco-Dacian origin on grounds of sound changes common with general Baltic and lexicosimilarities established. Alternatively, borrowed from Albanian shtrungë (an early form of it before postalveolarization). Maybe related to or derived from strung (“lathe”) with great semantic difficulties that may not be overcome. Compare Aromanian strungã.

cog

narrow runway near a fold where sheep are milked


Calafat

From calafat (“ship caulker”), from Ottoman Turkish قالافات (kalafat).


Oradea

Borrowed from Hungarian Várad, from vár (“citadel, fortress”) + -ad.


Urziceni

A village in Urziceni, Satu Mare, Romania


Medgidia

Borrowed from Turkish Mecidiye, from Abdülmecid (“Abdülmecid, the Ottoman sultan”).

A city in Constanța, Dobruja, in eastern Romania


Lugoj

Lugoj (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Lugoj (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Lugojul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Lugoj (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Lugoj (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Lugojului (dative definite genitive singular)
Lugojule (singular vocative)

Uncertain. Possibly ultimately derived from Latin lucus, or from a Slavic root for swamp forest, with the Hungarian suffix -os.


Hunedoara

Borrowed from Hungarian Hunyadvár, from Hunyad + vár (“fortress”).


Dej

Borrowed from Hungarian Dés, from Latin Desiderius.


Copenhaga

Borrowed from French Copenhague, ultimately from Danish København, from Old Danish Køpmannæhafn.

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


Gusu

Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *gǫsь (“goose”).


mlaștină

mlaștini (plural)
mlaștină (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o mlaștină (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
mlaștina (accusative definite nominative singular)
mlaștini (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște mlaștini (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
mlaștinile (accusative definite nominative plural)
mlaștini (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei mlaștini (dative genitive indefinite singular)
mlaștinii (dative definite genitive singular)
mlaștini (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor mlaștini (dative genitive indefinite plural)
mlaștinilor (dative definite genitive plural)
mlaștină (singular vocative)
mlaștino (singular vocative)
mlaștinilor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic млащина (mlaština), from Proto-Slavic *molka. Doublet of mlacă.


Scutari

A village in Mileanca, Botoșani, Romania


Ruda

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic роуда (ruda, “ore”).

A village in Ghelari, Hunedoara, Romania


Muntenegru

Calque of English Montenegro or Serbo-Croatian Crna Gora using the Romanian words munte (mountain) + negru (black).

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Mioveni

Possibly from Mihoveni, from Mihu, a local knyaz.


Banița

From earlier Bahnița, from bahnă + -iță, from Ukrainian багно (bahno, “swamp”).


Telega

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic телѣга (telěga, “cart”). Compare Romanian teleagă (“cart”).


Câmpina

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic кѫпина (kǫpina, “bush, shrub”), from Proto-Slavic *kǫpina (“bush”).


Făgăraș

From fag (“beech”) + -ar + -aș (diminutive suffix).


Reghin

Reghin (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Reghin (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Reghinul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Reghin (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Reghin (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Reghinului (dative definite genitive singular)
Reghinule (singular vocative)


Maramureș

Maramureș (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Maramureș (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Maramureșul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Maramureș (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Maramureș (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Maramureșului (dative definite genitive singular)
Maramureșule (singular vocative)


Buzău

Buzău (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Buzău (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Buzăul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Buzău (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Buzău (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Buzăului (dative definite genitive singular)
Buzăule (singular vocative)

Uncertain. Its name may be derived from Hungarian *Bozó, from Old Church Slavonic *Бъзовъ (*Bŭzovŭ, “[river] of the elderberries”), from бъзъ (bŭzŭ, “elderberry”). However,
the Slavic name might be an adaptation via folk etymology of earlier Ancient Greek Μουσεος (Mouseos), from a Paleo-Balkan language.


Republica Moldova

Republica Moldova (accusative nominative uncountable)
Republicii Moldova (dative genitive uncountable)

Literally, “Republic of Moldova”, from republică + Moldova.


Asia Mică

head

Asia Mică f (genitive and dative Asiei Mici)

Asia Minor (a peninsula in the eastern Mediterranean)


Prahova

From Old Church Slavonic *прахова (*praxova), from прахъ (praxŭ, “dust”) + -ова (-ova, feminine possessive suffix). The county name is derived from the river.


Trotuș

Borrowed from Hungarian Tatros, possibly from tatár + -os.

A river in Romania, tributary to the Siret


Neudorf

Borrowed from German Neudorf, from neu (“new”) + Dorf (“village”).


Filipine

Filipine (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște Filipine (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
Filipinele (accusative definite nominative plural)
Filipine (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor Filipine (dative genitive indefinite plural)
Filipinelor (dative definite genitive plural)
Filipinelor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish Filipinas, from Felipe, the name of a King of Spain.

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Bala

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic бѣла (běla), feminine of бѣлъ (bělŭ).


Dudu

A village in Plopii-Slăvitești, Teleorman, Romania


Bender

Bender (a city and municipality of Moldova, under de-facto control of Transnistria)


Canara

Borrowed from Turkish Kanara, from kanara (“slaughterhouse”).

(historical) A town in Dobruja, in eastern Romania. Renamed as Ovidiu.