Estonia

Estonia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Estoniei (dative genitive uncountable)


Bulgaria

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Andorra

Andorra (accusative nominative uncountable)
Andorrei (dative genitive uncountable)

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Slovenia

Slovenia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Sloveniei (dative genitive uncountable)

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


URSS

Initialism of Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste.


Armenia

Armenia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Armeniei (dative genitive uncountable)

Borrowed from Latin Armenia. By surface analysis, armean + -ia.

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Albania

head

Albania f (genitive and dative Albaniei)

Republica Albania
Republica Albania#Romanian

Albania (a country in Southeast Europe; official name: Republica Albania)


Wales

Wales (a country in northwestern Europe, a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Moldova

Moldovă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Moldovă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Moldova (accusative definite nominative singular)
Moldove (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Moldove (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Moldovei (dative definite genitive singular)
Moldovă (singular vocative)
Moldovo (singular vocative)

Of unclear origin. The suffix -ova is probably of Slavic origin. Theories about the first element:
* It is possibly ultimately from Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 (mulda, “dust, mud”) (possibly Moldavia); compare the river Mulde in Germany and Moldau, the German name of the river Vltava, which may be of related origin.
* Alternatively, it may be related to Romanian molid (“spruce”), though the loss of the i in this word is difficult to explain.
* A folk etymology, according to Dimitrie Cantemir, says the name of the Moldova River comes from Prince Dragoș, after his hound Molda, who drowned in it while attempting to hunt an aurochs.
* The Romanian people may have called themselves "Moldoveni" or "Munteni" (literally "of the mountains") so Moldova may alternatively derive from a Thracian-Illyrian language, from *mol (“mountain”) + *dava (“town”).
For more theories see Name of Moldova on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Republica Moldova
Republica Moldova#Romanian

Moldova (a country in Eastern Europe; official name: Republica Moldova)


Macedonia

Macedonia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Macedoniei (dative genitive uncountable)


Catalonia

Catalonie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Catalonie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Catalonia (accusative definite nominative singular)
Catalonii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Catalonii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Cataloniei (dative definite genitive singular)
Catalonie (singular vocative)
Catalonio (singular vocative)

autonomous community
autonomous community

Catalonia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Georgia

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


Amsterdam

Amsterdam (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Amsterdam (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Amsterdamul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Amsterdam (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Amsterdam (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Amsterdamului (dative definite genitive singular)
Amsterdamule (singular vocative)

Amsterdam (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands; capital city of the Netherlands)


Paris

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Sardinia

Sardinie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Sardinie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Sardinia (accusative definite nominative singular)
Sardinii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Sardinii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Sardiniei (dative definite genitive singular)
Sardinie (singular vocative)
Sardinio (singular vocative)

Sardinia (an island and autonomous region of Italy, in the Mediterranean Sea)


Barcelona

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain)


Berlin

Berlin (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Berlin (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Berlinul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Berlin (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Berlin (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Berlinului (dative definite genitive singular)
Berlinule (singular vocative)

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)

Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)


Cluj

Cluj (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Cluj (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Clujul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Cluj (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Cluj (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Clujului (dative definite genitive singular)
Clujule (singular vocative)

Compare the Hungarian name for the town, Hungarian Kolozsvár (cp.vár), and the German Klausenburg (cp. Burg). Alternative forms in older Romanian include Cluș.
May be derived from a Slavic diminutive of Nicholas, compare Czech Mikluš, ultimately from Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos).
Alternately, may be derived from Latin clausa, clusa, from clausus or clusus through an intermediate; compare the medieval Latin name for the town, Castrum Clus. See also Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”).
The official name of the city is Cluj-Napoca, with the name of the Roman settlement Napoca added in 1974, but this form is rarely used outside of official contexts.


Belgia

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Rusia

Rusia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Rusiei (dative genitive uncountable)

→ Vlax Romani: Řusỳja (< Early Romanian *Rrusî́ia)

From Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Varangians, inhabitants of Rus”). Equivalent to rus + -ia.
From Old Romanian Rusia, where -i- is stressed, from Early Romanian *Rrusî́ia, from South Slavic dialect Rusȉja (> Serbo-Croatian Rùsija).

der

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Italia

Italia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Italiei (dative genitive uncountable)


Marsilia

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Marseille (the capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)


Lombardia

Borrowed from Italian Lombardia. By surface analysis, lombard + -ia.

administrative region
administrative region

Lombardy (an administrative region in northern Italy, where its capital and the largest city Milan is founded in the Po Valley)


Europa

Europă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Europă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Europa (accusative definite nominative singular)
Europe (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Europe (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Europei (dative definite genitive singular)
Europă (singular vocative)
Europo (singular vocative)


Grecia

Borrowed from Latin Graecia, from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós). Equivalent to grec + -ia. Compare Aromanian Gãrtsia.


UE

Uniunea Europeană
Uniunea Europeană#Romanian


Ucraina

Ucraina (accusative nominative uncountable)
Ucrainei (dative genitive uncountable)

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Londra

Londră (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Londră (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Londra (accusative definite nominative singular)
Londre (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Londre (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Londrei (dative definite genitive singular)
Londră (singular vocative)
Londro (singular vocative)

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Germania

Germania (accusative nominative uncountable)
Germaniei (dative genitive uncountable)

From Latin Germānia. Equivalent to german + -ia.

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Polonia

From Medieval Latin Polonia. By surface analysis, polon + -ia.


Alba

Alba (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Alba (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Albaua (accusative definite nominative singular)
Albale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Albale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Albalei (dative definite genitive singular)
Alba (singular vocative)

From alba, definite feminine form of alb.


Reunion

Réunion (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, located in the Indian Ocean to the west of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar)


Norvegia

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Norvegia, from Old Norse Norvegr (“north way”) (see Norway).


Молдова

Moldova (romanization)
Молдова (accusative nominative uncountable)
Молдовей (dative genitive uncountable)

Post-1930s Cyrillic spelling of Moldova. Moldova (a country in Eastern Europe)


Италия

Italia (romanization)
Италия (accusative nominative uncountable)
Италией (dative genitive uncountable)

Cyrillic spelling of Italia.: Italy (a country in Southern Europe)


Kazahstan

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Spania

Spania (accusative nominative uncountable)
Spaniei (dative genitive uncountable)

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Luxemburg

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


Kosovo

Kosovo (A partly-recognized country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Praga

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


Croația

Croația (accusative nominative uncountable)
Croaţiei (dative genitive uncountable)

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


București

head

București m (definite nominative and accusative Bucureștiul, definite genitive and dative Bucureștiului, vocative Bucureștiule)

Bucureștiul (accusative definite nominative)
Bucureștiului (dative definite genitive)
Bucureștiule (vocative)
București (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un București (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Bucureștiul (accusative definite nominative singular)
București (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui București (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Bucureștiului (dative definite genitive singular)
Bucureștiule (singular vocative)

From Bucur (a male given name) + -ești (patronymic or placename suffix). Bucur is the legendary shepherd who is said to have founded the city: his name is often considered to be related to bucurie (“joy”) and bucura (“to become glad”), either of Albanian or Dacian origin, but it may alternatively be derived from a lost word in Romanian relating to pastoral life, ultimately linked to Latin būculus (“young bullock, steer”), diminutive of bōs (“ox, cow”). Compare Old French bugle, French beugler.


Letonia

Latvia (a country in Eastern Europe; capital and largest city: Riga)


Islanda

Iceland (an island and country in Europe; capital and largest city: Reykjavík)


România

României (dative genitive)
Românie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Românie (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
România (accusative definite nominative singular)
Românii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Românii (dative genitive indefinite singular)
României (dative definite genitive singular)
Românie (singular vocative)
Românio (singular vocative)

→ English: România

From român + -ia, from the definite form of -ie; român (“Romanian”) derives from Latin Romanus. See also Țara Românească, an older name for the country.

România e o țară foarte frumoasă.

Limba României și a poporului ei, nesurprinzător, se numește română.
The language of Romania and her people, unsurprisingly, is called Romanian.


Transnistria

Transnistria (accusative nominative uncountable)
Transnistriei (dative genitive uncountable)

Transnistria (a breakaway country in Moldova)


Finlanda

Finlanda (accusative nominative uncountable)
Finlandei (dative genitive uncountable)

Finland (a country in Northern Europe; capital and largest city: Helsinki)


Elveția

Elveția (accusative nominative uncountable)
Elveției (dative genitive uncountable)

Borrowed from Greek Ελβετία (Elvetía), from Latin Helvetia.

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Europa Centrală

Europa Centrală (accusative nominative uncountable)
Europei Centrale (dative genitive uncountable)


Europa de Nord

Europa de Nord (accusative nominative uncountable)
Europei de Nord (dative genitive uncountable)


Europa de Vest

Europa de Vest (accusative nominative uncountable)
Europei de Vest (dative genitive uncountable)


Europa de Sud

Europa de Sud (accusative nominative uncountable)
Europei de Sud (dative genitive uncountable)


Europa de Est

Europa de Est (accusative nominative uncountable)
Europei de Est (dative genitive uncountable)


Republica Cehă

Republica Cehă (accusative nominative uncountable)
Republicii Cehe (dative genitive uncountable)

Czech Republic
Czech Republic#English:_Q213

Czech Republic (a country in Central Europe)


Moscova

Moscova (accusative nominative uncountable)
Moscovei (dative genitive uncountable)

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


Azerbaidjan

Azerbaidjan (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Azerbaidjan (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Azerbaidjanul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Azerbaidjan (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Azerbaidjan (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Azerbaidjanului (dative definite genitive singular)
Azerbaidjanule (singular vocative)

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


Русия

Rusia (romanization)
Русия (accusative nominative uncountable)
Русией (dative genitive uncountable)

Post-1930s Cyrillic spelling of Rusia.: Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Atena

Atenă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Atenă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Atena (accusative definite nominative singular)
Atene (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Atene (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Atenei (dative definite genitive singular)
Atenă (singular vocative)
Ateno (singular vocative)


Ungaria

Ungaria (accusative nominative uncountable)
Ungariei (dative genitive uncountable)

Republica Ungară
Republica Ungară#Romanian

Hungary (a country in Central Europe; official name: Republica Ungară)


Budapesta

head

Budapesta f (genitive and dative Budapestei)

Budapestei (dative genitive)
Budapestă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Budapestă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Budapesta (accusative definite nominative singular)
Budapeste (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Budapeste (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Budapestei (dative definite genitive singular)
Budapestă (singular vocative)
Budapesto (singular vocative)


Viena

Borrowed from Italian Vienna or French Vienne, from Latin Vindobona, ultimately from Celtic. Replaced earlier Beci, Beciu, borrowed from Hungarian Bécs.


Arad

Arad (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Arad (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Aradul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Arad (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Arad (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Aradului (dative definite genitive singular)
Aradule (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian Arad, its first ispán.


Haga

The Hague (the administrative capital of the Netherlands)


Elba

Elbă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Elbă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Elba (accusative definite nominative singular)
Elbe (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Elbe (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Elbei (dative definite genitive singular)
Elbă (singular vocative)
Elbo (singular vocative)


Normandia

From French Normandie. By surface analysis, normand + -ia.

Normandy (an administrative region, historical province, and medieval kingdom in northwest France, on the English Channel)


Țările de Jos

Ţările de Jos (canonical feminine plural)

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)


Bosnia și Herțegovina

LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Bosnia și Herțegovina.wav

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English:_Q225

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Cipru

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia)


Cehia

Cehia (accusative nominative uncountable)
Cehiei (dative genitive uncountable)

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe; official name: Republica Cehă)


Turcia

From Latin Turcia. By surface analysis, turc + -ia

Turkey (a country located in Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Olt

Oltului (dative genitive)
Olt (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Olt (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Oltul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Olt (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Olt (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Oltului (dative definite genitive singular)
Oltule (singular vocative)

Uncertain. The name has been used since the ancient times, but the phonetic change a > o appears to indicate that the word reached Romanian through a Slavic intermediary (similar to the change from acetum to oțet). Direct inheritance from Latin would have yielded *Arută.
Ancient recorded variants include: Ancient Greek Aλoύτα (Aloúta) (Strabo), Ancient Greek Aλoύταζ (Aloútaz) (Ptolemaios), Latin Alutus (Tabula Peutingeriana).


Iași

Uncertain. Probably from Kipchak yaasi (“archers”), from yaa (“bow”), from Proto-Turkic *yā(y) (“bow”).
Early in the 20th century, a link to the ancient Iazyges has been proposed, the Roman name of an ancient Sarmatian tribe that once lived in the area, or from a tribe of Alans known as the Jassi.


Marea Neagră

the Black Sea (an inland sea between southeastern Europe, Caucasus and Asia Minor)


Ромыния

Romînia (romanization)
Ромыния (accusative nominative uncountable)
Ромынией (dative genitive uncountable)

Post-1930s Cyrillic spelling of România.: Romania (a country in Southeast Europe)


Piemont

Piedmont (an administrative region in the north of Italy)


Brașov

Brașov (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Brașov (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Brașovul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Brașov (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Brașov (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Brașovului (dative definite genitive singular)
Brașovule (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic *Брашовъ (*Brašovŭ), from Брашо (Brašo) + -овъ (-ovŭ), diminutive from Братиславъ (Bratislavŭ). Compare the Hungarian name for the city, Hungarian Brassó, from the same source.
An alternative has been proposed from a Turkic barasu, meaning "white water" with a Slavic suffix -ov.
The city was known as Kronstadt ("Crown City") in the local Transylvanian Saxon (German) language, and Corona (“crown”) in Medieval Latin.

bor+

Brașov (a county in Transylvania, in central Romania)


Carpați

Possibly ultimately from the name of a Dacian tribe, the Carpi, see Wikipedia, and from Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker-; see also Carpathians for more information. According to Eichner, possibly from Proto-Albanian *karpātai (“mountanous place”)


Mureș

Borrowed from Hungarian Maros. The o > u sound change is common in Romanian before liquids in borrowings; compare олѣи (olěi) to ulei.
The river was known as Marisus in Latin during antiquity, and mentioned by Herodotus around 484 B.C. as Maris, possibly of Dacian origin. Is known as Maros in Hungarian and Mieresch in German.


Constanța

Constanța (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Constanța (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Constanțaua (accusative definite nominative singular)
Constanțale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Constanțale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Constanțalei (dative definite genitive singular)
Constanța (singular vocative)

Originally known as Tomis in antiquity, the city was later renamed Constantiana after Flavia Julia Constantia, sister of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great; it was first attested as Constantia, or Κωνστάντια (Kōnstántia) around the mid 10th century.


Nisa

Nice (a coastal city, the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes department, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeast France)


Hunedoara

Borrowed from Hungarian Hunyadvár, from Hunyad + vár (“fortress”).


Copenhaga

Borrowed from French Copenhague, ultimately from Danish København, from Old Danish Køpmannæhafn.

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


Muntenegru

Calque of English Montenegro or Serbo-Croatian Crna Gora using the Romanian words munte (mountain) + negru (black).

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Maramureș

Maramureș (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Maramureș (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Maramureșul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Maramureș (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Maramureș (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Maramureșului (dative definite genitive singular)
Maramureșule (singular vocative)


Buzău

Buzău (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Buzău (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Buzăul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Buzău (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Buzău (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Buzăului (dative definite genitive singular)
Buzăule (singular vocative)

Uncertain. Its name may be derived from Hungarian *Bozó, from Old Church Slavonic *Бъзовъ (*Bŭzovŭ, “[river] of the elderberries”), from бъзъ (bŭzŭ, “elderberry”). However,
the Slavic name might be an adaptation via folk etymology of earlier Ancient Greek Μουσεος (Mouseos), from a Paleo-Balkan language.


Republica Moldova

Republica Moldova (accusative nominative uncountable)
Republicii Moldova (dative genitive uncountable)

Literally, “Republic of Moldova”, from republică + Moldova.


Prahova

From Old Church Slavonic *прахова (*praxova), from прахъ (praxŭ, “dust”) + -ова (-ova, feminine possessive suffix). The county name is derived from the river.


Republica Italiană

Italian Republic
Italian Republic#English

Italian Republic, Italy (a country in Southern Europe)


Carpații Meridionali

Southern Carpathians
Southern Carpathians


Munții Carpați

Carpathian Mountains
Carpathian Mountains


Dâmbovița

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic *дѫбовица (*dǫbovica, “[river] of the oak trees”), from дѫбъ (dǫbŭ, “oak”) + -овъ (-ovŭ, possessive suffix) + -ица (-ica, deadjectival suffix), from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ + *-ovъ + *-ica.

bor+

Dâmbovița (a county in southern Romania)


Insulele Falkland

Falkland Islands
Falkland Islands#English:_Q9648

Falkland Islands (an archipelago and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, located in the South Atlantic)


Sibiu

Sibiu (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Sibiu (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Sibiul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Sibiu (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Sibiu (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Sibiului (dative definite genitive singular)
Sibiule (singular vocative)

From earlier from Sibiiu, borrowed from Old Church Slavonic Сибинъ (Sibinŭ).


Satu Mare

From older Sătmar, from Hungarian Szatmár, reinterpreted as satul mare (“the great village”).


zlot

zloți (plural)
zlot (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un zlot (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
zlotul (accusative definite nominative singular)
zloți (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște zloți (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
zloții (accusative definite nominative plural)
zlot (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui zlot (dative genitive indefinite singular)
zlotului (dative definite genitive singular)
zloți (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor zloți (dative genitive indefinite plural)
zloților (dative definite genitive plural)
zlotule (singular vocative)
zloților (plural vocative)


Botoșani

Botoșani (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Botoșani (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Botoșaniul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Botoșani (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Botoșani (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Botoșaniului (dative definite genitive singular)
Botoșaniule (singular vocative)


Suceava

Borrowed from Hungarian Szűcsvár, derived from szűcs (“furrier”) + vár (“fortress”).


Saxonia

From Latin Saxonia. By surface analysis, saxon + -ia.


Teleorman

Of Cuman origin, derived from Kipchak teli (“mad”) + orman (“forest”). Doublet of Deliorman, from Ottoman Turkish.


Dolj

From older Doljiu, derived from Old Church Slavonic [Term?], from долъ (dolŭ, “valley”) + Жилъ (Žilŭ, “Jiu river”), from Proto-Slavic *dolъ (“valley”). Compare Gorj ("mountain Jiu").


Gorj

From older Gorjiu, derived from Old Church Slavonic [Term?], from гора (gora, “mountain”) + Жилъ (Žilŭ, “Jiu river”), from Proto-Slavic *gora (“mountain”). Compare Dolj ("valley Jiu").


Bihor

Bihor (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Bihor (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Bihorul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Bihor (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Bihor (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Bihorului (dative definite genitive singular)
Bihorule (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian vihor (“whirlwind”), from Proto-Slavic *vixъrъ (“whirlwind”). Compare vifor.


Covasna

Covasnă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Covasnă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Covasna (accusative definite nominative singular)
Covasne (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Covasne (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Covasnei (dative definite genitive singular)
Covasnă (singular vocative)
Covasno (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian Kovászna, derived from Proto-Slavic *kvasьna, from *kvasъ, referring to the taste of the mineral waters in the region.


Ilfov

Ilfov (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Ilfov (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Ilfovul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Ilfov (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Ilfov (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Ilfovului (dative definite genitive singular)
Ilfovule (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic ельховъ (elĭxovŭ), from ельха (elĭxa) + -овъ (-ovŭ), from Proto-Slavic *elьxa (“alder”). Compare Bulgarian Елхово (Elhovo).


Ialomița

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic ꙗловица (jalovica, “[river] of the barren land”), from ꙗловъ (jalovŭ, “barren”) + -ица (-ica), from Proto-Slavic *jalovъ (“barren”) + *-ica (deadjectival suffix).


Vâlcea

Vâlcea (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Vâlcea (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Vâlceaua (accusative definite nominative singular)
Vâlcele (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Vâlcele (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Vâlcelei (dative definite genitive singular)
Vâlcea (singular vocative)

Uncertain. There is a Romanian word vâlcea (“small valley”), however, its stress is on the last syllable, unlike Vâlcea, which has its stress on the first syllable, making it unlikely to be derived from it.
An alternative is a derivation from a Slavic word *vьlkъ (“wolf”), as the 1247 Diploma of the Joannites of king Béla IV of Hungary mentions in the area a knez named Farkas (“wolf”), which could just be a translation of the name of the knez's name into Hungarian.

Vâlcea (a county of Oltenia, in southern Romania)


Tulcea

Borrowing from Turkish Tulça, from tul (“height, length”) + -ça.


Călărași

Călărașii (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
niște Călărașii (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
Călărașiii (accusative definite nominative plural)
Călărașii (dative genitive indefinite plural)
unor Călărașii (dative genitive indefinite plural)
Călărașiilor (dative definite genitive plural)
Călărașiilor (plural vocative)


Bacău

Bacău (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Bacău (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Bacăul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Bacău (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Bacău (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Bacăului (dative definite genitive singular)
Bacăule (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian bakó (“executioner”).


Giurgiu

Inherited from Latin Geōrgius, from Ancient Greek Γεώργιος (Geṓrgios). Compare Italian Giorgio. Doublet of George and Gheorghe.


Mehedinți

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Mehedinec, from Mehadia + -ec (demonym suffix).


Sălaj

Borrowed from Hungarian Szilágy, from szil (“elm”) + ágy (“river bank”). Doublet of Silaghi, which is a surname.


Timiș

Ultimately from Latin Tibiscus, of possible Thracian or Dacian origin.


Neamț

From neamț (“German”), from Old Church Slavonic нѣмьць (němĭcĭ), from Proto-Slavic *němьcь.


Vrancea

Vrancea (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Vrancea (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Vranceaua (accusative definite nominative singular)
Vrancele (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Vrancele (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Vrancelei (dative definite genitive singular)
Vrancea (singular vocative)

Probably from Old Church Slavonic *враньць (*vranĭcĭ), from вранъ (vranŭ, “raven”) + -ьць (-ĭcĭ).


Argeș

Argeș (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Argeș (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Argeșul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Argeș (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Argeș (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Argeșului (dative definite genitive singular)
Argeșule (singular vocative)

Probably from Kipchak argis (“height”). An etymological link to the ancient names (Ordesos, Ὀρδησσός (Ordēssós)) is possible, but unlikely.


Brăila

Brăila (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
o Brăila (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Brăilaua (accusative definite nominative singular)
Brăilale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unei Brăilale (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Brăilalei (dative definite genitive singular)
Brăila (singular vocative)


Varșovia

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Varsovia, a Latinised form of Old Polish Warszowa.


Insula Man

Isle of Man (an island and Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea)


Insulele Virgine Britanice

British Virgin Islands
British Virgin Islands#English

British Virgin Islands (an archipelago and overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the Caribbean)


Insulele Cayman

Cayman Islands (three islands constituting an overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the Caribbean Sea)


Regatul Spaniei

Kingdom of Spain
Kingdom of Spain#English

Kingdom of Spain (official name of Spain)


Macedonia de Nord

LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Macedonia de Nord.wav

North Macedonia
North Macedonia#English:_Q221

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

North Macedonia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


ruscism

ruscism (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un ruscism (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
ruscismul (accusative definite nominative singular)
ruscism (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui ruscism (dative genitive indefinite singular)
ruscismului (dative definite genitive singular)
ruscismule (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Ruscism, also internally consistent as a blend of Rusia (“Russia”) + fascism (“fascism”).

blend

Consiliul local a subliniat că „Ruscismul este fascismul secolului XXI”.

2022, Răzvan Nicolae, “Rușii au ucis, în două luni, de două ori mai mulți oameni decât nemții în al doilea război mondial”, in Newsweek România:

The city council emphasized that “Ruscism is 21st century fascism”.

La rândul său, politologul rus Andrei Piontkovski observă că fascismul din țara sa, adică ruscismul, este în multe privințe similar cu nazismul, iar discursurile lui Vladimir Putin aduc aminte de cele ale lui Adolf Hitler.

2022, Ion Gaidău, “Aspect pe care Rusia lui Putin nu îl vrea menționat: Ce înseamnă ruscismul, văzut drept fascismul secolului al XXI-lea”, in Adevărul:

Russian political scientist Andrey Piontkovsky also notes that fascism in his country, that is, Ruscism, is in many ways similar to Nazism, and Vladimir Putin's speeches are reminiscent of Adolf Hitler's.

Președintele ucrainean a afirmat că trebuie să se facă totul pentru oprirea ruscismului (alăturare a cuvintelor Rusia și fascism - n.r.).

2023, Luminița Turcu, “Zelenski: Trebuie să facem totul pentru a opri ruscismul, așa cum lumea liberă a oprit nazismul / El spune că peste 30 de rachete rusești au fost lansate sâmbătă, peste 20 fiind doborâte”, in News.ro:

The Ukrainian president stated that everything must be done to stop Ruscism (a portmanteau of the words “Russia” and “fascism” - editor's note).

(neologism, politics, derogatory) Ruscism (ideology, militarist Russian nationalism)


Scoția

Scotland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Vaslui

Vaslui (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
un Vaslui (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
Vasluiul (accusative definite nominative singular)
Vaslui (dative genitive indefinite singular)
unui Vaslui (dative genitive indefinite singular)
Vasluiului (dative definite genitive singular)
Vasluiule (singular vocative)

Unknown. Due to the -ui ending, it has been proposed to be of Kipchak [Term?] origin.