آیا

pa-verb form

آیْا • (āyā)

inflection of آݨا (āṇā, “to come; arrive”):

masculine singular direct perfective participle

masculine singular indicative perfective


اسلام

pa-proper noun

اِسْلام • (īslām) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਇਸਲਾਮ)

اِسْلام (canonical)
īslām (romanization)
ਇਸਲਾਮ (Gurmukhi)

Ultimately from Arabic إِسْلَام (ʔislām).


پانی

pa-noun

پاݨی • (pāṇī) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਪਾਣੀ)

پاݨی (canonical)
pāṇī (romanization)
ਪਾਣੀ (Gurmukhi)
پاݨی (direct singular)
پاݨی (direct plural)
پاݨی (oblique singular)
پاݨِیاں (oblique plural)
پاݨِیا (singular vocative)
پاݨِیو (plural vocative)
پاݨِیوں (ablative singular)
پاݨِیاں (ablative plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *peh₃-
Sanskrit पा (pā)
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Sanskrit -अन (-ana)
Proto-Indo-Iranian *-iHyas
Sanskrit -ईय (-īya)
Sanskrit -अनीय (-anīya)
Sanskrit पानीय (pānīya)
Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅 (pāṇīa)
Old Punjabi ਪਾਣੀ (pāṇī)
Punjabi پاݨِی (pāṇī)
Inherited from Old Punjabi ਪਾਣੀ (pāṇī), from Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅 (pāṇīa), from Sanskrit पानीय (pānīya), from पा (pā) + -अनीय (-anīya).
Cognate with Sindhi پاڻي (pāṇī) and Urdu پانی (pānī). See corresponding Prakrit lemma 𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅 (pāṇīa) for more cogantes.

etymon

پاݨِی


حسن

pa-noun

حُسَن • (ḥusan) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਹੁਸਨ)

حُسَن (canonical)
ḥusan (romanization)
ਹੁਸਨ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian حُسْن (husn), from Arabic حُسْن (ḥusn).


مصر

pa-proper noun

مِصَر • (miṣar) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਿਸਰ)

مِصَر (canonical)
miṣar (romanization)
ਮਿਸਰ (Gurmukhi)

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


سلام

pa-noun

سلام • (salām) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਲਾਮ)


੧

ਇੱਕ (ikk). Represents the number 1 (one) in the Gurmukhi script.


کرنا

pa-verb

کَرݨا • (karṇā) (ambitransitive, Gurmukhi spelling ਕਰਨਾ)

کَرݨا (canonical)
karṇā (romanization)
ਕਰਨਾ (Gurmukhi)

/kə.ɾə̆.ɲäː/

Punjabi verb set
 کَرِیوݨا (karīvṇā)
 کَرݨا (karṇā)
 کَراوݨا (karāvṇā)
 کَرواݨا (karoāṇā)
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kʷer-
Proto-Indo-European *-néwti
Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥náwti
Sanskrit कृ॒णोति॑ (kṛṇóti)
Sanskrit क॒रोति॑ (karóti)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺 (karoti)
Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀇 (karei)
Punjabi کَرݨا (karṇā)
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀇 (karei), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺 (karoti), from Sanskrit क॒रोति॑ (karóti), from कृ॒णोति॑ (kṛṇóti), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥náwti, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- + *-néwti.

etymon

کَرݨا

صاف کَرݨا

(transitive) an element of a compound verb: makes most (especially borrowed) adjectives and nouns into verbs

(transitive, auxiliary) to do habitually


پینا

pa-verb

پِیݨَا • (pīṇā) (transitive, Gurmukhi spelling ਪੀਣਾ)

پِیݨَا (canonical)
pīṇā (romanization)
ਪੀਣਾ (Gurmukhi)


پینا

پَیݨَا • (paiṇā) (intransitive, Gurmukhi spelling ਪੈਣਾ)

پَیݨَا (canonical)
paiṇā (romanization)
ਪੈਣਾ (Gurmukhi)

(auxiliary) marks the intensive present tense


کھانا

کھاݨا • (khāṇā) (Gurmukhi spelling ਖਾਣਾ)

کھاݨا (canonical)
khāṇā (romanization)
ਖਾਣਾ (Gurmukhi)

From Sanskrit खादति (khādati). Cognate with Urdu کھانا (khānā).


کھانا

pa-noun

کھاݨا • (khāṇā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਖਾਣਾ)


ر

The fourteenth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


آٹا

āṭā (romanization)
ਆਟਾ (Gurmukhi)
آٹا (direct singular)
آٹے (direct plural)
آٹے (oblique singular)
آٹیْاں (oblique plural)
آٹیْا (singular vocative)
آٹیو (plural vocative)
آٹیوں (ablative singular)
آٹیْاں (ablative plural)
آٹِیں (locative plural)
آٹے (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Sanskrit *आर्त (*ārtá), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *HārHtás (“that which is ground”), vriddhi derivative from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥Htás (“ground”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂l̥h₁-tós (“ground”).


نان

nān (romanization)
ਨਾਨ (Gurmukhi)
نان (direct singular)
نان (direct plural)
نان (oblique singular)
ناناں (oblique plural)
نانا (singular vocative)
نانو (plural vocative)
نانوں (ablative singular)
ناناں (ablative plural)
نانے (locative singular)
نانِیں (locative plural)
نانوں (instrumental singular)

From Classical Persian نان (nān, “bread”).


رمضان

pa-noun

رَمضان • (ramẓān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਰਮਜ਼ਾਨ)

رَمضان (canonical)
ramẓān (romanization)
ਰਮਜ਼ਾਨ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian رمضان (ramazān), from Arabic رَمَضَان (ramaḍān). First attested as Old Punjabi ਰਮਦਾਨਾ (ramadānā).


من

مَن (canonical)
man (romanization)
ਮਨ (Gurmukhi)
مَن (direct singular)
مَن (direct plural)
مَن (oblique singular)
مَناں (oblique plural)
مَنا (singular vocative)
مَنو (plural vocative)
مَنوں (ablative singular)
مَناں (ablative plural)
مَنے (locative singular)
مَنِیں (locative plural)
مَنوں (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Sanskrit मनस् (mánas), from Proto-Indo-European *ménos (“mind”), from *men- (“to think”).


من

مَنّݨا مننا#Punjabi

مَنّݨا مننا#Punjabi

second-person singular familiar imperative


ب

From Classical Persian ب (bē), from Arabic ب (bāʔ).

The second letter of the Punjabi alphabet, called بے (be) and written in the Arabic script.


ا

alif (romanization)
ਅ (alternative)
ੲ (alternative)
ੳ (alternative)
الف (alternative)

From Classical Persian ا (alif), from Arabic ا (ʔalif).

The first letter of the Punjabi written in the Shahmukhi script.


ت

head

ت / ت / ت / ت

ت / ت / ت / ت • (tā’)

The fourth letter of the Punjabi (Shahmukhi) abjad. It is preceded by پ and followed by ٹ


ت

ـَت (canonical)
-at (romanization)
-ਅਤ (Gurmukhi)

پنجابی (panjābī, “Punjabi”) + ـَت (-at) → پنجابیت (panjābiyat, “Punjabi culture, Punjabi-ness”)

Forming abstract nouns denoting a state, condition, or quality.


حرف

pa-noun

حَرْف • (ḥarf) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਹਰਫ਼)

حَرْف (canonical)
ḥarf (romanization)
ਹਰਫ਼ (Gurmukhi)

/ˈɦə.ɾə.fə̆/

/ˈɦə.ɾə.pʰə̆/

Borrowed from Classical Persian حَرْف (harf), from Arabic حَرْف (ḥarf).


حیوان

pa-noun

حیوان • (haivān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਹੈਵਾਨ)

Etymology tree
Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān)bor.
Classical Persian حَیْوَان (haywān)bor.
Punjabi حیوان
Borrowed from Classical Persian حَیْوَان (haywān), borrowed from Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān).


نار

nār (romanization)
ਨਾਰ (Gurmukhi)
نار (direct singular)
ناراں (direct plural)
نار (oblique singular)
ناراں (oblique plural)
نارے (singular vocative)
نارو (plural vocative)
ناروں (ablative singular)
ناراں (ablative plural)
ناری (locative singular)
نارِیں (locative plural)
نارِیں (instrumental singular)
نارے (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀡𑀸𑀭𑀻 (ṇārī), from Sanskrit नारी (nā́rī).


رنگ

pa-noun

رَن٘گ • (raṉg) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਰੰਗ)

رَن٘گ (canonical)
raṉg (romanization)
ਰੰਗ (Gurmukhi)
رَن٘گ (direct singular)
رَن٘گ (direct plural)
رَن٘گ (oblique singular)
رَن٘گاں (oblique plural)
رَن٘گا (singular vocative)
رَن٘گو (plural vocative)
رَن٘گوں (ablative singular)
رَن٘گاں (ablative plural)
رَن٘گے (locative singular)
رَن٘گِیں (locative plural)
رَن٘گوں (instrumental singular)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit रङ्ग (raṅga)
Prakrit 𑀭𑀁𑀕 (raṃga)
Punjabi رنگ (rng)
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀭𑀁𑀕 (raṃga), from Sanskrit रङ्ग (raṅga).


ਪੰਜਾਬੀ

pa-adj

ਪੰਜਾਬੀ • (pañjābī) (feminine ਪੰਜਾਬਣ, Shahmukhi spelling پنجابی)

pañjābī (romanization)
ਪੰਜਾਬਣ (feminine)
پنجابی (Shahmukhi)

From ਪੰਜਾਬ (pañjāb) + -ਈ (-ī, adjectival suffix).

af

Punjabi, or relating to the state of Punjab


ਪੰਜਾਬੀ

pa-proper noun

ਪੰਜਾਬੀ • (pañjābī) f (Shahmukhi spelling پنجابی)

pañjābī (romanization)
پنجابی (Shahmukhi)


آواز

pa-noun

آواز • (āvāz) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਆਵਾਜ਼)

āvāz (romanization)
ਆਵਾਜ਼ (Gurmukhi)
آواز (direct singular)
آوازاں (direct plural)
آواز (oblique singular)
آوازاں (oblique plural)
آوازے (singular vocative)
آوازو (plural vocative)
آوازوں (ablative singular)
آوازاں (ablative plural)
آوازی (locative singular)
آوازِیں (locative plural)
آوازِیں (instrumental singular)
آوازے (instrumental plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs
Proto-Indo-Iranian *wā́kš
Classical Persian آوَاز (āwāz)bor.
Punjabi آواز (āvāz)
Borrowed from Classical Persian آوَاز (āwāz).


ਹੈਵਾਨ

pa-noun

ਹੈਵਾਨ • (haivān) m (Shahmukhi spelling حیوان)

Etymology tree
Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān)bor.
Classical Persian حَیْوَان (haywān)bor.
Punjabi ਹੈਵਾਨ (haivān)
Borrowed from Classical Persian حَیْوَان (haywān), borrowed from Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān).


کشتی

pa-noun

کَشتی • (kaśtī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਸ਼ਤੀ)

کَشتی (canonical)
kaśtī (romanization)
ਕਸ਼ਤੀ (Gurmukhi)
کَشْتی (direct singular)
کَشْتِیاں (direct plural)
کَشْتی (oblique singular)
کَشْتِیاں (oblique plural)
کَشْتِیے (singular vocative)
کَشْتِیو (plural vocative)
کَشْتِیوں (ablative singular)
کَشْتِیاں (ablative plural)

Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kaštī, kištī).


انگریزی

pa-proper noun

ان٘گریزِی • (transliteration needed) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ)

ان٘گریزِی (canonical)
ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Urdu اَن٘گْریزی (aṅgrezī). By surface analysis, ان٘گریز (“the English”) + ـی (-ī).


ਹਿੰਦ

pa-proper noun

ਹਿੰਦ • (hind) m (Shahmukhi spelling ہند)

hind (romanization)
ہند (Shahmukhi)
ਹਿੰਦ (direct singular)
ਹਿੰਦ (direct plural)
ਹਿੰਦ (oblique singular)
ਹਿੰਦਾਂ (oblique plural)
ਹਿੰਦਾ (singular vocative)
ਹਿੰਦੋ (plural vocative)
ਹਿੰਦੋਂ (ablative singular)
ਹਿੰਦੇ (locative singular)
ਹਿੰਦੀਂ (locative plural)
ਹਿੰਦੇ (instrumental singular)
ਹਿੰਦੀਂ (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Classical Persian هند (hind); see there for more.


بیگم

pa-noun

بیگَم • (begam) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਬੇਗਮ)

بیگَم (canonical)
begam (romanization)
ਬੇਗਮ (Gurmukhi)


ٹٹی

ٹَٹّی • (ṭaṭṭī) f

ٹَٹّی (canonical)
ṭaṭṭī (romanization)
ٹَٹّی (direct singular)
ٹَٹِّیاں (direct plural)
ٹَٹّی (oblique singular)
ٹَٹِّیاں (oblique plural)
ٹَٹِّیے (singular vocative)
ٹَٹِّیو (plural vocative)
ٹَٹِّیوں (ablative singular)
ٹَٹِّیاں (ablative plural)


ٹٹی

pa-verb form

ٹُٹّی • (ṭuṭṭī)

ٹُٹّݨا ٹٹنا#Punjabi

inflection of ٹُٹّݨا (ṭuṭṭṇā):
feminine singular perfective participle

ٹُٹّݨا ٹٹنا#Punjabi

inflection of ٹُٹّݨا (ṭuṭṭṇā):
feminine singular indicative perfective


چادر

pa-noun

چادَر • (cādar) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਚਾਦਰ)

چادَر (canonical)
cādar (romanization)
ਚਾਦਰ (Gurmukhi)
چادَر (direct singular)
چادَراں (direct plural)
چادَر (oblique singular)
چادَراں (oblique plural)
چادَرے (singular vocative)
چادَرو (plural vocative)
چادَروں (ablative singular)
چادَراں (ablative plural)
چادَری (locative singular)
چادَرِیں (locative plural)
چادَرِیں (instrumental singular)
چادَرے (instrumental plural)

From Classical Persian چادر (čādar). Compare Turkish çadır.


کتاب

کِتَاب • (kitāb) f (plural کُتُب, Gurmukhi spelling ਕਿਤਾਬ)

کِتَاب (canonical)
kitāb (romanization)
کُتُب (plural)
ਕਿਤਾਬ (Gurmukhi)
کِتَاب (direct singular)
کِتَاباں (direct plural)
کِتَاب (oblique singular)
کِتَاباں (oblique plural)
کِتَابے (singular vocative)
کِتَابو (plural vocative)
کِتَابوں (ablative singular)
کِتَاباں (ablative plural)
کِتَابی (locative singular)
کِتَابِیں (locative plural)
کِتَابِیں (instrumental singular)
کِتَابے (instrumental plural)

Etymology tree
Arabic كِتَاب (kitāb)bor.
Classical Persian کِتَاب (kitāb)bor.
Punjabi کِتَاب (kitāb)
Borrowed from Classical Persian کِتَاب (kitāb), borrowed from Arabic كِتَاب (kitāb). First attested as Old Punjabi ਕਤੇਬ (kateba).

etymon

کِتَاب


منی

pa-verb form

مَنّی • (mannī)

مَنّݨا مننا#Punjabi

inflection of مَنّݨا (mannṇā):
feminine singular perfective participle

مَنّݨا مننا#Punjabi

inflection of مَنّݨا (mannṇā):
feminine singular indicative perfective


ਭਾਰਤ

pa-proper noun

ਭਾਰਤ • (bhārat) m (Shahmukhi spelling بھارت)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit भारत (bhārata).


کتا

pa-noun

کُتّا • (kuttā) m (feminine کُتّی, Gurmukhi spelling ਕੁੱਤਾ)

کُتّا (canonical)
kuttā (romanization)
کُتّی (feminine)
ਕੁੱਤਾ (Gurmukhi)
کُتّا (direct singular)
کُتّے (direct plural)
کُتّے (oblique singular)
کُتّیْاں (oblique plural)
کُتّیْا (singular vocative)
کُتّیو (plural vocative)
کُتّیوں (ablative singular)
کُتّیْاں (ablative plural)
کُتِّیں (locative plural)
کُتّے (instrumental singular)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *kútas?
Prakrit 𑀓𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (kutta)
Punjabi کُتّا (kuttā)
From Prakrit 𑀓𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (kutta), possibly from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kútas.

etymon

کُتّا

(vulgar, offensive) a term of abuse towards males


اسد

pa-noun

اَسَد • (asad) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਅਸਦ)

اَسَد (canonical)
asad (romanization)
ਅਸਦ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian اَسَد (asad), from Arabic أَسَد (ʔasad).


سنگھ

pa-noun

سِن٘گھ • (siṉgh) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਿੰਘ)

سِن٘گھ (canonical)
siṉgh (romanization)
ਸਿੰਘ (Gurmukhi)

From Sanskrit सिंह (siṃha), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *sinźʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sinȷ́ʰás, from dialectal Proto-Indo-European *sinǵʰo-, ultimately a borrowing from a Central Asian substrate language.


ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਰਾਜ ਅਮਰੀਕਾ

pa-proper noun

ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਰਾਜ ਅਮਰੀਕਾ • (sãyukat rāj amrīkā) ?

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


گھڑیال

pa-noun

گَھڑیال • (ghaṛeyāl) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਘੜਿਆਲ)

گَھڑیال (canonical)
ghaṛeyāl (romanization)
ਘੜਿਆਲ (Gurmukhi)
گَھڑیار (alternative)

/ɡ̊ə.ɽə̆.jaː˥˩.l/

Inherited from Sanskrit घण्टिक (ghaṇṭika).


مگر

pa-noun

مَگَر • (magar) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਗਰ)

مَگَر (canonical)
magar (romanization)
ਮਗਰ (Gurmukhi)


مگر

From Classical Persian مگر (magar). Compare Hindustani مگر / मगर (magar).


مگر

مَگَر • (magar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਗਰ)


برف

بَرَف • (baraf) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਬਰਫ਼)

بَرَف (canonical)
baraf (romanization)
ਬਰਫ਼ (Gurmukhi)
بَرَف (direct singular)
بَرَفاں (direct plural)
بَرَف (oblique singular)
بَرَفاں (oblique plural)
بَرَفے (singular vocative)
بَرَفو (plural vocative)
بَرَفوں (ablative singular)
بَرَفاں (ablative plural)
بَرَفی (locative singular)
بَرَفِیں (locative plural)
بَرَفِیں (instrumental singular)
بَرَفے (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Classical Persian بَرْف (barf).


۹

نَو (nau)


موج

pa-noun

مَوْج • (mauj) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਮੌਜ)

مَوْج (canonical)
mauj (romanization)
ਮੌਜ (Gurmukhi)


੩

ਤਿੰਨ (tinn). Represents the number 3 (three) in the Gurmukhi script.


੪

ਚਾਰ (cār). Represents the number 4 (four) in the Gurmukhi script.


੫

ਪੰਜ (pañj). Represents the number 5 (five) in the Gurmukhi script.


੬

ਛੇ (chē). Represents the number 6 (six) in the Gurmukhi script.


੭

ਸੱਤ (satt). Represents the number 7 (seven) in the Gurmukhi script.


੮

ਅੱਠ (aṭṭh). Represents the number 8 (eight) in the Gurmukhi script.


੯

ਨੌਂ (naũ). Represents the number 9 (nine) in the Gurmukhi script.


یار

yār (romanization)
ਯਾਰ (Gurmukhi)
یَار (direct singular)
یَار (direct plural)
یَار (oblique singular)
یَاراں (oblique plural)
یَارا (singular vocative)
یَارو (plural vocative)
یَاروں (ablative singular)
یَاراں (ablative plural)
یَارے (locative singular)
یَارِیں (locative plural)
یَاروں (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Classical Persian یار (yār).


یونان

pa-proper noun

یُونان • (yūnān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਯੂਨਾਨ)

یُونان (canonical)
yūnān (romanization)
ਯੂਨਾਨ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian یُونَان (yūnān).

bor+

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


آکاش

pa-noun

آکاش • (ākāś) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਆਕਾਸ਼)


ਛੱਲ

ਛੱਲ • (chall) f (Shahmukhi spelling چھل)

chall (romanization)
چھل (Shahmukhi)
ਛੱਲ (direct singular)
ਛੱਲਾਂ (direct plural)
ਛੱਲ (oblique singular)
ਛੱਲਾਂ (oblique plural)
ਛੱਲੇ (singular vocative)
ਛੱਲੋ (plural vocative)
ਛੱਲੋਂ (ablative singular)
ਛੱਲਿਆੰ (ablative plural)
ਛੱਲੇ (locative singular)
ਛੱਲੀਂ (locative plural)
ਛੱਲੇ (instrumental singular)
ਛੱਲੀਂ (instrumental plural)


پر

Borrowed from Classical Persian پر (par).


کالا

کاࣇا (canonical)
kāḷā (romanization)
ਕਾਲ਼ਾ (Gurmukhi)
کالا (direct masculine singular)
کالے (direct masculine plural)
کالی (direct feminine singular)
کالِیاں (direct feminine plural)
کالے (masculine oblique singular)
کالیاں (masculine oblique plural)
کالی (feminine oblique singular)
کالِیاں (feminine oblique plural)

Inherited from Sanskrit काल (kāla). Cognate with Marathi काळा (kāḷā) and Urdu کالا (kālā).


پ

pe (romanization)
ਪ (alternative)
پے (alternative)

From Classical Persian پ (pē), modified from the Arabic letter ب (bāʔ).

The third letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ਰੱਬ

Borrowed from Classical Persian رب (rabb), from Arabic رَبّ (rabb). Compare Hindi रब (rab).

ਰੱਬ ਰਾਖਾ


گھر

گَھر (canonical)
ghar (romanization)
ਘਰ (Gurmukhi)
گَھر (direct singular)
گَھر (direct plural)
گَھر (oblique singular)
گَھراں (oblique plural)
گَھرا (singular vocative)
گَھرو (plural vocative)
گَھروں (ablative singular)
گَھراں (ablative plural)
گَھرے (locative singular)
گَھرِیں (locative plural)
گَھروں (instrumental singular)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás
Sanskrit गृह (gṛha)
Ashokan Prakrit *𑀕𑀭𑁆𑀳 (*garha)
Prakrit 𑀖𑀭 (ghara)
Old Punjabi ਘਰੁ (gharu)
Punjabi گَھر (ghar)
Inherited from Old Punjabi ਘਰੁ (gharu), from Prakrit 𑀖𑀭 (ghara), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀕𑀭𑁆𑀳 (*garha), from a metathesized form of Sanskrit गृह (gṛhá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás (“house”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥dʰ-ó-s, from *gʰerdʰ- (“enclosure”). Compare Northern Hindko کَہار (kahār). Far cognate with Persian کرت (kart) and English garth / yard, Scottish Gaelic gàrradh (“garden; wall”) and Irish garraí (“garden; small enclosure; halo”), among others. Doublet of گَڑھ (gaṛh).

etymon

گَھر

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ghara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 239

cog

تے اوہ کِسے وی قیمت تے کِسے نوں اپنے گھر واڑن لئی راضی نہیں سی ہُوئی۔

2006, غلام حسین ساجد [G̲h̲ulām Ḥusain Sājid], نیندر بھنی رات [Nīndar bhinnī rāt], Lahore: سانجھ [Sānjh], →ISBN, page 69:

And she wasn't prepared to let anyone inside her house, at any cost.

جے غریب ماں پے بالاں دی وجہ توں گھر دی آمدن ودھا لیندے نیں تے ایہدے وچ حرج ای کیہ اے۔

2000, راوی [rāvī], volume 87, Lahore: Government College, →OCLC:

What bother is it if [some] poor parents decide to increase the household income through their children.

(figuratively) homeland, country, birthplace

گَھنٹا گَھر

ڈاک گَھر


موتر

pa-noun

مُوتَر • (mūtar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਮੂਤਰ)

مُوتَر (canonical)
mūtar (romanization)
ਮੂਤਰ (Gurmukhi)
مُوتَر (direct singular)
مُوتَر (direct plural)
مُوتَر (oblique singular)
مُوتَراں (oblique plural)
مُوتَرا (singular vocative)
مُوتَرو (plural vocative)
مُوتَروں (ablative singular)
مُوتَراں (ablative plural)
مُوتَرے (locative singular)
مُوتَرِیں (locative plural)
مُوتَروں (instrumental singular)


چپاتی

چپاتی • (capātī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਚਪਾਤੀ)


گوشت

گوشَت • (gośat) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਗੋਸ਼ਤ)

گوشَت (canonical)
gośat (romanization)
ਗੋਸ਼ਤ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian گوشت (gōšt).


چینی

pa-adj

چِینِی • (cīnī) (Gurmukhi spelling ਚੀਨੀ)

چِینِی (canonical)
cīnī (romanization)
ਚੀਨੀ (Gurmukhi)


چینی

pa-noun

چِینِی • (cīnī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਚੀਨੀ)


۵

پَنج (panj)


۴

چار (cār)


۶

چھ (ćhe)


۷

سَتّ (satt)


۸

اَٹّھ (aṭṭh)


۲

دو (do)


۳

تِنّ (tinn), تْرَے (trai)


ناس

nās (romanization)
ਨਾਸ (Gurmukhi)
ناس (direct singular)
ناساں (direct plural)
ناس (oblique singular)
ناساں (oblique plural)
ناسے (singular vocative)
ناسو (plural vocative)
ناسوں (ablative singular)
ناساں (ablative plural)
ناسی (locative singular)
ناسِیں (locative plural)
ناسِیں (instrumental singular)
ناسے (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Sanskrit नासा (nā́sā), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *náHs, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s- (“nose”). Doublet of نَکّ (nakk).


ناس

nās (romanization)
ਨਾਸ (Gurmukhi)
ناس (direct singular)
ناس (direct plural)
ناس (oblique singular)
ناساں (oblique plural)
ناسا (singular vocative)
ناسو (plural vocative)
ناسوں (ablative singular)
ناساں (ablative plural)
ناسے (locative singular)
ناسِیں (locative plural)
ناسوں (instrumental singular)


قلم

قَلَم • (qalam) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਲਮ)

قَلَم (canonical)
qalam (romanization)
ਕਲਮ (Gurmukhi)
قلم (direct singular)
قلماں (direct plural)
قلم (oblique singular)
قلماں (oblique plural)
قلمے (singular vocative)
قلمو (plural vocative)
قلموں (ablative singular)
قلماں (ablative plural)
قلمی (locative singular)
قلمِیں (locative plural)
قلمِیں (instrumental singular)
قلمے (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Arabic قَلَم (qalam), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed”).


گل

گَلّ (canonical)
gall (romanization)
ਗੱਲ (Gurmukhi)
گَلّ (direct singular)
گَلّاں (direct plural)
گَلّ (oblique singular)
گَلّاں (oblique plural)
گَلّے (singular vocative)
گَلّو (plural vocative)
گَلّوں (ablative singular)
گَلّاں (ablative plural)
گَلّی (locative singular)
گَلِّیں (locative plural)
گَلِّیں (instrumental singular)
گَلّے (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀕𑀮𑀳𑀸 (galahā) (Kalsi), from Sanskrit गर्हा (garhā).

inh+

saying; quote (ie. the recollection of something said, as opposed to a renowned or popular saying)


گل

pa-proper noun

گِلّ • (gill) m or f (Gurmukhi spelling ਗਿੱਲ)

گِلّ (canonical)
gill (romanization)
ਗਿੱਲ (Gurmukhi)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀕𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (gilla), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀕𑁆𑀭𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (*grilla).


فجر

pa-noun

فَجَر • (fajar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਫ਼ਜਰ)

فَجَر (canonical)
fajar (romanization)
ਫ਼ਜਰ (Gurmukhi)

/fə.d͡ʒə.ɾᵊ/

From Classical Persian فجر (fajr), from Arabic فَجْر (fajr).


بتی

pa-numeral

بَتّی • (battī) (Gurmukhi spelling ਬੱਤੀ)

بَتّی (canonical)
battī (romanization)
ਬੱਤੀ (Gurmukhi)

Inherited from Sanskrit द्वात्रिंशत् (dvātriṃśat). Cognate with Hindustani बत्तीस / بَتّیِس (battyis).

inh

द्वात्रिंशत्

inh+

द्वात्रिंशत्


بتی

pa-noun

بَتّی • (battī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਬੱਤੀ)

بَتّی (canonical)
battī (romanization)
ਬੱਤੀ (Gurmukhi)
بَتّی (direct singular)
بَتِّیاں (direct plural)
بَتّی (oblique singular)
بَتِّیاں (oblique plural)
بَتِّیے (singular vocative)
بَتِّیو (plural vocative)
بَتِّیوں (ablative singular)
بَتِّیاں (ablative plural)


محمد

pa-proper noun

محمد • (muhammad) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਮੁਹੰਮਦ)

muhammad (romanization)
ਮੁਹੰਮਦ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian مُحَمَّد (muhammad), from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

bor+

a male given name, Muhammad or Mohammed, from Arabic


ث

s̱e (romanization)
ਸ (alternative)
ثے (alternative)

From Classical Persian ث (sē), from Arabic ث (ṯāʔ).

The sixth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ج

jīm (romanization)
ਜ (alternative)
جیم (alternative)

From Classical Persian ج (jīm), from Arabic ج (jīm).

The seventh letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ح

head

ح • (vaḍḍī ḥe)

vaḍḍī ḥe (romanization)
ਹ (alternative)
ਹ਼ (alternative)
وڈی حے (alternative)

/ʋə.ɖːiː ɦeː/

From Classical Persian ح (hē), from Arabic ح (hāʔ).

The ninth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


خ

From Classical Persian خ (xē), from Arabic خ (ḵāʔ).

The tenth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


د

The eleventh letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ذ

The thirteenth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ز

The sixteenth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


س

The eighteenth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ش

The nineteenth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ص

The twentieth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ض

The twenty-first letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ط

The twenty-second letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ظ

The twenty-third letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ع

The twenty-fourth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


غ

The twenty-fifth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ف

The twenty-sixth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ق

The twenty-seventh letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ک

The twenty-eighth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ک

کُ (canonical)
ku (romanization)
ਕੁ (Gurmukhi)

کِنّا کُ؟

مِیل کُ

رَتا کُ


ک

کُـ (canonical)
ku- (romanization)
ਕੁ- (Gurmukhi)

کُویࣇے آئے ہو


گ

The twenty-ninth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ل

The thirtieth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


م

mīm (romanization)
ਮ (alternative)
مِیم (alternative)

From Classical Persian م (mīm), from Arabic م (mīm).

The thirty-second letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


م

Akin to Saraiki م (m). Compare ہَم (ham), ہَمُوں (hamūṉ) and Saraiki ہامی (hāmī).

جھنگ آیو م۔

میں روٹی کھادھی م۔

(Western) first-person singular present pronominal suffix


ن

nūn (romanization)
ਨ (alternative)
نُون (alternative)

The thirty-third letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ی

nikkī ye (romanization)
ਯ (alternative)
ਇ (alternative)
ਜ (alternative)
نکی یے (alternative)

The thirty-ninth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


عالم

pa-noun

عالَم • (ʻālam) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਆਲਮ)

عالَم (canonical)
ʻālam (romanization)
ਆਲਮ (Gurmukhi)

Etymology tree
Aramaic עָלְמָאbor.
Classical Syriac ܥܳܠܡܳܐbor.
Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam)bor.
Classical Persian عَالَم (ālam)bor.
Punjabi عالم (ʻālm)
Borrowed from Classical Persian عَالَم (ālam), borrowed from Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam).


عالم

Borrowed from Classical Persian عَالِم (ālim), borrowed from Arabic عَالِم (ʕālim), from عَلِمَ (ʕalima).


دنیا

pa-noun

دُنیا • (dunīā) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਦੁਨੀਆ)

دُنیا (canonical)
dunīā (romanization)
ਦੁਨੀਆ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian دُنْیَا (dunyā). First attested as Old Punjabi دُنی (dunī).


قطب

pa-noun

قُطْب • (qut̤b) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਕੁਤਬ)

قُطْب (canonical)
qut̤b (romanization)
ਕੁਤਬ (Gurmukhi)


آپ

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (appā), from Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātmán, “soul, spirit; self”). Doublet of آپاں (āpāṉ)

inh

reflexive pronoun
reflexive pronoun#English


سکھ

سُکھ (canonical)
sukh (romanization)
ਸੁਖ (Gurmukhi)
سُکھ (direct singular)
سُکھ (direct plural)
سُکھ (oblique singular)
سُکھاں (oblique plural)
سُکھا (singular vocative)
سُکھو (plural vocative)
سُکھوں (ablative singular)
سُکھاں (ablative plural)
سُکھے (locative singular)
سُکھِیں (locative plural)
سُکھوں (instrumental singular)


سکھ

pa-noun

سِکّھ • (sikkh) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਿੱਖ)

سِکّھ (canonical)
sikkh (romanization)
ਸਿੱਖ (Gurmukhi)
سِکّھ (direct singular)
سِکّھ (direct plural)
سِکّھ (oblique singular)
سِکّھاں (oblique plural)
سِکّھا (singular vocative)
سِکّھو (plural vocative)
سِکّھوں (ablative singular)
سِکّھاں (ablative plural)
سِکّھے (locative singular)
سِکّھِیں (locative plural)
سِکّھوں (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀲𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (sikkhā), from Sanskrit शिक्षा (śikṣā, “instruction, teaching”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćikš- (“to learn”).


سکھ

pa-adj

سِکّھ • (sikkh) (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਿੱਖ)

سِکّھ (canonical)
sikkh (romanization)
ਸਿੱਖ (Gurmukhi)


دھرم

pa-noun

دھرم • (dharma) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਧਰਮ)


اسی

Inherited from Paisaci Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit अशीति (aśītí).


نوکر

نوکر • (naukar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਨੌਕਰ)

Borrowed from Classical Persian نوکر (nawkar).


اچھا

pa-interj

اَچّھا • (acchā) (Gurmukhi spelling ਅੱਛਾ)

اَچّھا (canonical)
acchā (romanization)
ਅੱਛਾ (Gurmukhi)

اچھا, میں سمجھ گیا۔


اٹھارہ

pa-num

اَٹھارَہ • (aṭhārah) (Gurmukhi spelling ਅਠਾਰਹ or ਅਠਾਰ੍ਹਾਂ or ਅਠਾਰਾਂ)

اَٹھارَہ (canonical)
aṭhārah (romanization)
ਅਠਾਰਹ (Gurmukhi)
ਅਠਾਰ੍ਹਾਂ (Gurmukhi)
ਅਠਾਰਾਂ (Gurmukhi)
اَٹھارہاں (alternative)
اَٹھارھاں (alternative)
اَٹھاراں (alternative)

/ə̆.ˈʈʰaː.ɾãː/

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀭𑀲 (aṭṭhārasa), from Sanskrit अष्टादश (aṣṭā́daśa).


انار

pa-noun

انار • (transliteration needed) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਅਨਾਰ)

ਅਨਾਰ (Gurmukhi)
انار (direct singular)
انار (direct plural)
انار (oblique singular)
اناراں (oblique plural)
انارا (singular vocative)
انارو (plural vocative)
اناروں (ablative singular)
اناراں (ablative plural)
انارے (locative singular)
انارِیں (locative plural)
اناروں (instrumental singular)
نار (alternative)

Borrowed from Classical Persian انار (anār).


امریکہ

pa-proper noun

امریکہ • (amrīkā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਅਮਰੀਕਾ)

America, United States of America (a country in North America; in full, United States of America)

America, the Americas (a supercontinent consisting of North America, Central America and South America regarded as a whole; in full, the Americas)


الماری

pa-noun

اَلْماری • (almārī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਅਲਮਾਰੀ)

اَلْماری (canonical)
almārī (romanization)
ਅਲਮਾਰੀ (Gurmukhi)
اَلْماری (direct singular)
اَلْمارِیاں (direct plural)
اَلْماری (oblique singular)
اَلْمارِیاں (oblique plural)
اَلْمارِیے (singular vocative)
اَلْمارِیو (plural vocative)
اَلْمارِیوں (ablative singular)
اَلْمارِیاں (ablative plural)

/ələ̆.mäː.ɾiː/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmosder.
Latin arma
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āsios
Latin -ārium
Latin armāriumbor.
Portuguese armáriobor.
Urdu اَلْماری (almārī)bor.
Punjabi الماری
Borrowed from Urdu اَلْماری (almārī).


ادر

pa-noun

اُدْر • (udr) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਉਦਰ or ਉੱਦਰ)

اُدْر (canonical)
udr (romanization)
ਉਦਰ (Gurmukhi)
ਉੱਦਰ (Gurmukhi)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उद्र (udra). Doublet of اُود (ūd), an inherited from.


اتہاس

pa-noun

اِتِہاس • (ītihās) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਇਤਿਹਾਸ)

اِتِہاس (canonical)
ītihās (romanization)
ਇਤਿਹਾਸ (Gurmukhi)
اِتِہاس (direct singular)
اِتِہاساں (direct plural)
اِتِہاس (oblique singular)
اِتِہاساں (oblique plural)
اِتِہاسے (singular vocative)
اِتِہاسو (plural vocative)
اِتِہاسوں (ablative singular)
اِتِہاساں (ablative plural)
اِتِہاسی (locative singular)
اِتِہاسِیں (locative plural)
اِتِہاسِیں (instrumental singular)
اِتِہاسے (instrumental plural)

/ɪ.t̪ɪ.ɦäːsᵊ/

Borrowed from Sanskrit इतिहास (itihāsa).


کہنا

pa-verb

کَہَݨا • (kahaṇā) (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਹਿਣਾ)

کَہَݨا (canonical)
kahaṇā (romanization)
ਕਹਿਣਾ (Gurmukhi)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑀳𑁂𑀇 (kahei), from Sanskrit कथयति (kathayati).


کہنا

pa-noun

کَہَݨا • (kahaṇā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਹਿਣਾ)

کَہَݨا (canonical)
kahaṇā (romanization)
ਕਹਿਣਾ (Gurmukhi)
کَہَݨا (direct singular)
کَہَݨے (direct plural)
کَہَݨے (oblique singular)
کَہَݨیْاں (oblique plural)
کَہَݨیْا (singular vocative)
کَہَݨیو (plural vocative)
کَہَݨیوں (ablative singular)
کَہَݨیْاں (ablative plural)
کَہَݨِیں (locative plural)
کَہَݨے (instrumental singular)


کیلا

کیْلا • (kelā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਕੇਲਾ)

کیْلا (canonical)
kelā (romanization)
ਕੇਲਾ (Gurmukhi)
کیْلاا (direct singular)
کیْلاے (direct plural)
کیْلاے (oblique singular)
کیْلایْاں (oblique plural)
کیْلایْا (singular vocative)
کیْلایو (plural vocative)
کیْلایوں (ablative singular)
کیْلایْاں (ablative plural)
کیْلاِیں (locative plural)
کیْلاے (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀓𑁂𑀮 (kela), from Sanskrit कदल (kadala).


گھوڑا

گھوڑا • (ghoṛā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਘੋੜਾ)

ghoṛā (romanization)
ਘੋੜਾ (Gurmukhi)
گھوڑا (direct singular)
گھوڑے (direct plural)
گھوڑے (oblique singular)
گھوڑیْاں (oblique plural)
گھوڑیْا (singular vocative)
گھوڑیو (plural vocative)
گھوڑیوں (ablative singular)
گھوڑیْاں (ablative plural)
گھوڑِیں (locative plural)
گھوڑے (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Sanskrit घोटक (ghoṭaka), from Proto-Dravidian *kHutt- (“horse”).
Cognate with Urdu گھوڑا (ghoṛā) and Sindhi گهوڙو (ghoṛo).


چاول

چاول • (cāval) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਚਾਵਲ)


دل

دِل (canonical)
dil (romanization)
ਦਿਲ (Gurmukhi)
دِل (direct singular)
دِل (direct plural)
دِل (oblique singular)
دِلاں (oblique plural)
دِلا (singular vocative)
دِلو (plural vocative)
دِلوں (ablative singular)
دِلاں (ablative plural)
دِلے (locative singular)
دِلِیں (locative plural)
دِلوں (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Classical Persian دل (dil). First attested as Old Punjabi ਦਿਲੁ (dilu).


دن

pa-noun

دِن or دِݨ • (din or diṇ) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਦਿਨ or ਦਿਣ)

دِن (canonical)
دِݨ (canonical)
din (romanization)
diṇ (romanization)
ਦਿਨ (Gurmukhi)
ਦਿਣ (Gurmukhi)
دِن (direct singular)
دِن (direct plural)
دِن (oblique singular)
دِناں (oblique plural)
دِنا (singular vocative)
دِنو (plural vocative)
دِنوں (ablative singular)
دِناں (ablative plural)
دِنے (locative singular)
دِنِیں (locative plural)
دِنوں (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀤𑀺𑀡 (diṇa), from Sanskrit दिन (diná).

(by extension) the sun

day; daytime (the period from sunrise till sunset)

(in the plural) season; circumstance (ie. these days)

(figuratively) luck; fate (ie. to have good or bad luck)


چوڑا

pa-adj

چَوڑا • (cauṛā) (Gurmukhi spelling ਚੌੜਾ)

چَوڑا (canonical)
cauṛā (romanization)
ਚੌੜਾ (Gurmukhi)
چوڑاا (direct masculine singular)
چوڑاے (direct masculine plural)
چوڑای (direct feminine singular)
چوڑاِیاں (direct feminine plural)
چوڑاے (masculine oblique singular)
چوڑایاں (masculine oblique plural)
چوڑای (feminine oblique singular)
چوڑاِیاں (feminine oblique plural)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ćaHuḍa-.


قسمت

pa-noun

قِسْمَت • (qismat) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਕ਼ਿਸਮਤ)

قِسْمَت (canonical)
qismat (romanization)
ਕ਼ਿਸਮਤ (Gurmukhi)
قِسْمَت (direct singular)
قِسْمَتاں (direct plural)
قِسْمَت (oblique singular)
قِسْمَتاں (oblique plural)
قِسْمَتے (singular vocative)
قِسْمَتو (plural vocative)
قِسْمَتوں (ablative singular)
قِسْمَتاں (ablative plural)
قِسْمَتی (locative singular)
قِسْمَتِیں (locative plural)
قِسْمَتِیں (instrumental singular)
قِسْمَتے (instrumental plural)

Etymology tree
Arabic قَسَمَ (qasama)
Arabic قِسْمَة (qisma)bor.
Classical Persian قِسْمَت (qismat)bor.
Classical Persian قِسْمَت (qismat)bor.
Urdu قِسْمَت (qismat)influ.
Punjabi قِسْمَت (qismat)
Borrowed from Classical Persian قِسْمَت (qismat), borrowed from Arabic قِسْمَة (qisma), from قَسَمَ (qasama).

etymon

قِسْمَت


غریب

pa-adj

غَرِیب • (ġarīb) (indeclinable, Gurmukhi spelling ਗ਼ਰੀਬ)

غَرِیب (canonical)
ġarīb (romanization)
ਗ਼ਰੀਬ (Gurmukhi)

Etymology tree
Arabic غَرُبَ (ḡaruba)
Arabic غَرِيب (ḡarīb)bor.
Classical Persian غَرِیب (ġarīb)bor.
Punjabi غَرِیب (ġarīb)
Borrowed from Classical Persian غَرِیب (ġarīb), borrowed from Arabic غَرِيب (ḡarīb), from غَرُبَ (ḡaruba).

etymon

غَرِیب


غریب

pa-noun

غَرِیب • (ġarīb) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਗ਼ਰੀਬ)

غَرِیب (canonical)
ġarīb (romanization)
ਗ਼ਰੀਬ (Gurmukhi)
غَرِیب (direct singular)
غَرِیب (direct plural)
غَرِیب (oblique singular)
غَرِیباں (oblique plural)
غَرِیبا (singular vocative)
غَرِیبو (plural vocative)
غَرِیبوں (ablative singular)
غَرِیباں (ablative plural)
غَرِیبے (locative singular)
غَرِیبِیں (locative plural)
غَرِیبوں (instrumental singular)

etymon

غَرِیب

(in the plural) the poor; destitute, working class


گلی

pa-noun

گَلِی • (galī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਗਲੀ)

گَلِی (canonical)
galī (romanization)
ਗਲੀ (Gurmukhi)
گَلی (direct singular)
گَلِیاں (direct plural)
گَلی (oblique singular)
گَلِیاں (oblique plural)
گَلِیے (singular vocative)
گَلِیو (plural vocative)
گَلِیوں (ablative singular)
گَلِیاں (ablative plural)


غلط

pa-adj

غَلَط • (ġalat̤) (indeclinable, Gurmukhi spelling ਗ਼ਲਤ)

غَلَط (canonical)
ġalat̤ (romanization)
ਗ਼ਲਤ (Gurmukhi)

Etymology tree
Arabic غَلَط (ḡalaṭ)bor.
Classical Persian غَلَط (ġalat)bor.
Punjabi غَلَط (ġalat̤)
Borrowed from Classical Persian غَلَط (ġalat), borrowed from Arabic غَلَط (ḡalaṭ).

etymon

غَلَط


غلطی

pa-noun

غَلَطی • (ġalat̤ī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਗ਼ਲਤੀ)

غَلَطی (canonical)
ġalat̤ī (romanization)
ਗ਼ਲਤੀ (Gurmukhi)
غَلْطی (direct singular)
غَلْطِیاں (direct plural)
غَلْطی (oblique singular)
غَلْطِیاں (oblique plural)
غَلْطِیے (singular vocative)
غَلْطِیو (plural vocative)
غَلْطِیوں (ablative singular)
غَلْطِیاں (ablative plural)

Etymology tree
Arabic غَلَط (ḡalaṭ)bor.
Classical Persian غَلَط (ġalat)bor.
Punjabi غَلَط (ġalat̤)
Punjabi ـی (-y)
Punjabi غَلَطِی (ġalat̤ī)
From غَلَط (ġalat̤) + ـی (-y).

etymon

غَلَطِی


گان

گاݨا گانا#Punjabi

inflection of گاݨا (gāṇā):
oblique infinitive

گاݨا گانا#Punjabi

second-person singular polite future subjunctive

گاݨا گانا#Punjabi

inflection of گاݨا (gāṇā):
third-person plural future subjunctive


گانا

pa-noun

گاݨا • (gāṇā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਗਾਣਾ)

گاݨا (canonical)
gāṇā (romanization)
ਗਾਣਾ (Gurmukhi)
گاݨا (direct singular)
گاݨے (direct plural)
گاݨے (oblique singular)
گاݨیْاں (oblique plural)
گاݨیْا (singular vocative)
گاݨیو (plural vocative)
گاݨیوں (ablative singular)
گاݨیْاں (ablative plural)
گاݨِیں (locative plural)
گاݨے (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Sanskrit गान (gāna), from the root गै (gai, “to sing”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gaH- (“sing”), from Proto-Indo-European *geH- (“sing”). Cognate with Hindi गाना (gānā), Assamese গান (gan), Bengali গান (gan), Gujarati ગાણું (gāṇũ), Marathi गाणे (gāṇe), Urdu گانا (gānā).

ایہہ گاݨا بہت ودھیا ہے۔


گانا

pa-verb

گاݨا • (gāṇā) (intransitive, Gurmukhi spelling ਗਾਣਾ)

گاݨا (canonical)
gāṇā (romanization)
ਗਾਣਾ (Gurmukhi)
گا (stem)
گاݨا (infinitive)
گاؤݨا (infinitive)
گاوَݨا (infinitive)
گاݨ
گاؤݨ
گاوَݨ
گا کے (conjunctive)
گانْدے گانْدے (progressive)
گانْدا (imperfective participle)
گانْدے (imperfective participle)
گانْدی (feminine imperfective participle singular)
گانْدِیاں (feminine imperfective participle plural)
گایَا (participle perfective)
گائے (participle perfective)
گائِی (feminine participle perfective singular)
گائِیاں (feminine participle perfective plural)
گاݨ آلا (participle)
گاݨ آلے (participle)
گاݨ آلی (feminine participle singular)
گاݨ آلِیاں (feminine participle plural)
گایْا ہویْا (adjectival participle perfective)
گائے ہوئے (adjectival participle perfective)
گائِی ہوئی (adjectival feminine participle perfective singular)
گانْدِیاں ہوئِیاں (adjectival feminine participle perfective plural)
گانْدا ہویْا (adjectival habitual participle)
گانْدے ہوئے (adjectival habitual participle)
گانْدی ہوئی (adjectival feminine habitual participle singular)
گانْدِیاں ہوئِیاں (adjectival feminine habitual participle plural)
گایَا (indicative masculine perfective singular)
گائے (indicative masculine perfective)
گائِی (feminine indicative perfective singular)
گائِیاں (feminine indicative perfective)
گاواں گا (future indicative masculine singular)
گاویْں گا (future indicative masculine singular)
گاوے گا (future indicative masculine singular)
گاؤ گے (future indicative masculine)
گاواں گے (future indicative masculine)
گاݨ گے (future indicative masculine)
گاواں گی (feminine future indicative singular)
گاویْں گی (feminine future indicative singular)
گاوے گی (feminine future indicative singular)
گاؤ گے (feminine future indicative)
گاواں گے (feminine future indicative)
گاݨ گِیاں (feminine future indicative)
گاواں (future singular subjunctive)
گاویْں (future singular subjunctive)
گائیْں (future singular subjunctive)
گاوے (future singular subjunctive)
گائے (future singular subjunctive)
گاؤ (future subjunctive)
گائِیے (future subjunctive)
گاوَݨ (future subjunctive)
گاݨ (future subjunctive)
گا (familiar imperative singular)
گاؤ (familiar imperative)
گاوِیں (imperative polite singular)
گائِیو (imperative polite)
گانْدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
گانْدے (counterfactual masculine present)
گانْدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
گانْدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)

Inherited from Sanskrit गायति (gāyati), from the root गै (gai, “to sing”).


گائے

pa-verb form

گائے • (gā'e)

گاݨا گانا#Punjabi

inflection of گاݨا (gāṇā):
masculine plural perfective participle

گاݨا گانا#Punjabi

masculine singular oblique perfective participle

گاݨا گانا#Punjabi

second-person singular polite indicative perfective

گاݨا گانا#Punjabi

first/second/third-person masculine plural indicative perfective

گاݨا گانا#Punjabi

third-person singular familiar future subjunctive


گھنٹہ

pa-noun

گَھن٘ٹہ • (ghanṭā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਘੰਟਾ)

گَھن٘ٹہ (canonical)
ghanṭā (romanization)
ਘੰਟਾ (Gurmukhi)

گَھن٘ٹا گھنٹا#Punjabi

Alternative spelling of گَھن٘ٹا (ghaṉṭā)


گھنٹا

گَھن٘ٹا • (ghaṉṭā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਘੰਟਾ)

گَھن٘ٹا (canonical)
ghaṉṭā (romanization)
ਘੰਟਾ (Gurmukhi)
گَھن٘ٹا (direct singular)
گَھن٘ٹے (direct plural)
گَھن٘ٹے (oblique singular)
گَھن٘ٹیْاں (oblique plural)
گَھن٘ٹیْا (singular vocative)
گَھن٘ٹیو (plural vocative)
گَھن٘ٹیوں (ablative singular)
گَھن٘ٹیْاں (ablative plural)
گَھن٘ٹِیں (locative plural)
گَھن٘ٹے (instrumental singular)
گَھن٘ٹَہ (alternative)
گَھین٘ٹَا (alternative)

/ɡ̊ə˥˩ɳ.ʈäː/

[ɡ̊ɛː˥˩ɳ.ʈäː]

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀖𑀁𑀝 (ghaṃṭa), from Sanskrit घण्टा f (ghaṇṭā, “bell”). Doublet of گَھنْڈا (ghanḍā).

گھنٹے وچ کِنے؟ چالی دناں وچ کنے؟

1991, افظل توصیف [Afz̤al Tauṣīf, اقبال قیصر – Iqbāl Qaiṣar], غلام نہ ہو جائے مشرق [Lest the East become slaves], نگارشات [Nigārishāt], →OCLC, page 113:

How many in an hour? How many in forty days?

clock (a big device used to tell the time)


لن

لَنّ (canonical)
lann (romanization)
ਲੰਨ (Gurmukhi)
لَنّ (direct singular)
لَنّ (direct plural)
لَنّ (oblique singular)
لَنّاں (oblique plural)
لَنّا (singular vocative)
لَنّو (plural vocative)
لَنّوں (ablative singular)
لَنّاں (ablative plural)
لَنّے (locative singular)
لَنِّیں (locative plural)
لَنّوں (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀮𑀁𑀟𑀼𑀅 (laṃḍua), from Sanskrit *लण्ड (laṇḍa).


یدھ

یُدّھ • (yuddh) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਜੁੱਧ)

یُدّھ (canonical)
yuddh (romanization)
ਜੁੱਧ (Gurmukhi)
یُدّھ (direct singular)
یُدّھ (direct plural)
یُدّھ (oblique singular)
یُدّھاں (oblique plural)
یُدّھا (singular vocative)
یُدّھو (plural vocative)
یُدّھوں (ablative singular)
یُدّھاں (ablative plural)
یُدّھے (locative singular)
یُدّھِیں (locative plural)
یُدّھوں (instrumental singular)
جدھ (alternative)

/d͡ʒʊ˩˥d̪ːᵊ/

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀚𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (juddha), from Sanskrit युद्ध (yuddha).

یُدّھ کَرنا


جنگ

جَن٘گ • (jaṉg) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਜੰਗ)

جَن٘گ (canonical)
jaṉg (romanization)
ਜੰਗ (Gurmukhi)
جَن٘گ (direct singular)
جَن٘گ (direct plural)
جَن٘گ (oblique singular)
جَن٘گاں (oblique plural)
جَن٘گا (singular vocative)
جَن٘گو (plural vocative)
جَن٘گوں (ablative singular)
جَن٘گاں (ablative plural)
جَن٘گے (locative singular)
جَن٘گِیں (locative plural)
جَن٘گوں (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Classical Persian جنگ (jang), from Middle Persian 𐫋𐫗𐫗𐫃 (yng /ǰang/).


روزنامہ

pa-noun

روزنامَہ • (roznāmah) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਰੋਜ਼ਨਾਮਾ)

روزنامَہ (canonical)
roznāmah (romanization)
ਰੋਜ਼ਨਾਮਾ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian روزنامه (rōznāma).


ڈھونڈنا

pa-verb

ڈُھونْڈݨا • (ḍhūnḍṇā) (intransitive, Gurmukhi spelling ਢੂੰਡਣਾ)

ڈُھونْڈݨا (canonical)
ḍhūnḍṇā (romanization)
ਢੂੰਡਣਾ (Gurmukhi)
ڈُھونْڈ (stem)
ڈُھونْڈݨا (infinitive)
ڈُھونْڈَݨ
ڈُھونْڈ کے (conjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدے ڈُھونْڈدے (progressive)
ڈُھونْڈدا (imperfective participle)
ڈُھونْڈدے (imperfective participle)
ڈُھونْڈدی (feminine imperfective participle singular)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں (feminine imperfective participle plural)
ڈُھونْڈیْا (participle perfective)
ڈُھونْڈے (participle perfective)
ڈُھونْڈی (feminine participle perfective singular)
ڈُھونْڈِیاں (feminine participle perfective plural)
ڈُھونْڈَݨ آلا (participle)
ڈُھونْڈَݨ آلے (participle)
ڈُھونْڈَݨ آلی (feminine participle singular)
ڈُھونْڈَݨ آلِیاں (feminine participle plural)
ڈُھونْڈیْا ہویْا (adjectival participle perfective)
ڈُھونْڈے ہوئے (adjectival participle perfective)
ڈُھونْڈی ہوئی (adjectival feminine participle perfective singular)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں ہوئِیاں (adjectival feminine participle perfective plural)
ڈُھونْڈدا ہویْا (adjectival habitual participle)
ڈُھونْڈدے ہوئے (adjectival habitual participle)
ڈُھونْڈدی ہوئی (adjectival feminine habitual participle singular)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں ہوئِیاں (adjectival feminine habitual participle plural)
ڈُھونْڈیْا (indicative masculine perfective singular)
ڈُھونْڈے (indicative masculine perfective)
ڈُھونْڈی (feminine indicative perfective singular)
ڈُھونْڈِیاں (feminine indicative perfective)
ڈُھونْڈاں گا (future indicative masculine singular)
ڈُھونْڈیْں گا (future indicative masculine singular)
ڈُھونْڈے گا (future indicative masculine singular)
ڈُھونْڈو گے (future indicative masculine)
ڈُھونْڈاں گے (future indicative masculine)
ڈُھونْڈَݨ گے (future indicative masculine)
ڈُھونْڈاں گی (feminine future indicative singular)
ڈُھونْڈیْں گی (feminine future indicative singular)
ڈُھونْڈے گی (feminine future indicative singular)
ڈُھونْڈو گے (feminine future indicative)
ڈُھونْڈاں گے (feminine future indicative)
ڈُھونْڈَݨ گِیاں (feminine future indicative)
ڈُھونْڈاں (future singular subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈیْں (future singular subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈے (future singular subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈو (future subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈئِیے (future subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈَݨ (future subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈ (familiar imperative singular)
ڈُھونْڈو (familiar imperative)
ڈُھونْڈِیں (imperative polite singular)
ڈُھونْڈِیو (imperative polite)
ڈُھونْڈدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
ڈُھونْڈَنْدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
ڈُھونْڈدے (counterfactual masculine present)
ڈُھونْڈَنْدے (counterfactual masculine present)
ڈُھونْڈدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
ڈُھونْڈَنْدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)
ڈُھونْڈَنْدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)
ڈُھونْڈدا واں (indicative masculine present singular)
ڈُھونْڈدا ایْں (indicative masculine present singular)
ڈُھونْڈدا اَے (indicative masculine present singular)
ڈُھونْڈدے او (indicative masculine present)
ڈُھونْڈدے آں (indicative masculine present)
ڈُھونْڈدے نیْں (indicative masculine present)
ڈُھونْڈدی آں (feminine indicative present singular)
ڈُھونْڈدی ایْں (feminine indicative present singular)
ڈُھونْڈدی اَے (feminine indicative present singular)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں او (feminine indicative present)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں آں (feminine indicative present)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں نیْں (feminine indicative present)
ڈُھونْڈدا سی (indicative masculine past singular)
ڈُھونْڈدے سی (indicative masculine past)
ڈُھونْڈدا ساں (indicative masculine past singular)
ڈُھونْڈدا سَیں (indicative masculine past singular)
ڈُھونْڈدا سی (indicative masculine past singular)
ڈُھونْڈدے سو (indicative masculine past)
ڈُھونْڈدے ساں (indicative masculine past)
ڈُھونْڈدے سَن (indicative masculine past)
ڈُھونْڈدی سی (feminine indicative past singular)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں سی (feminine indicative past)
ڈُھونْڈدی ساں (feminine indicative past singular)
ڈُھونْڈدی سَیں (feminine indicative past singular)
ڈُھونْڈدی سی (feminine indicative past singular)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں سو (feminine indicative past)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں ساں (feminine indicative past)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں سَن (feminine indicative past)
ڈُھونْڈداں ہوواں گا (masculine presumptive singular)
ڈُھونْڈدا ہوویْں گا (masculine presumptive singular)
ڈُھونْڈدا ہووے گا (masculine presumptive singular)
ڈُھونْڈدے ہووو گے (masculine presumptive)
ڈُھونْڈدے ہوواں گے (masculine presumptive)
ڈُھونْڈدے ہوݨ گا (masculine presumptive)
ڈُھونْڈدی ہوواں گی (feminine presumptive singular)
ڈُھونْڈدی ہوویْں گی (feminine presumptive singular)
ڈُھونْڈدی ہووے گی (feminine presumptive singular)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں ہووو گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں ہوواں گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں ہوݨ گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
ڈُھونْڈداں ہوواں (masculine present singular subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدا ہوویْں (masculine present singular subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدا ہووے (masculine present singular subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدے ہووو (masculine present subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدے ہوئیے (masculine present subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدے ہوݨ (masculine present subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدی ہوواں (feminine present singular subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدی ہوویْں (feminine present singular subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدی ہووے (feminine present singular subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں ہووو (feminine present subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں ہوئیے (feminine present subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں ہوݨ (feminine present subjunctive)
ڈُھونْڈدا ہونْدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
ڈُھونْڈدے ہونْدے (counterfactual masculine present)
ڈُھونْڈدی ہونْدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
ڈُھونْڈدِیاں ہونْدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)

/ʈũː˨ɳ.ɖᵊɳäː/

Inherited from Prakrit *𑀥𑀼𑀁𑀠𑀇 (*dhuṃḍhaï).


زہر

pa-noun

زَہِر or زَہَر • (zahir or zahar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਜ਼ਹਿਰ)

زَہِر (canonical)
زَہَر (canonical)
zahir (romanization)
zahar (romanization)
ਜ਼ਹਿਰ (Gurmukhi)
زَہِر (direct singular)
زَہِر (direct plural)
زَہِر (oblique singular)
زَہِراں (oblique plural)
زَہِرا (singular vocative)
زَہِرو (plural vocative)
زَہِروں (ablative singular)
زَہِراں (ablative plural)
زَہِرے (locative singular)
زَہِرِیں (locative plural)
زَہِروں (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Classical Persian زَهر (zahr).


بچہ

pa-noun

بَچَّہ • (baccah) m (feminine بَچّی, Gurmukhi spelling ਬੱਚਾ)

بَچَّہ (canonical)
baccah (romanization)
بَچّی (feminine)
ਬੱਚਾ (Gurmukhi)
بَچَّہ (direct singular)
بَچّے (direct plural)
بَچّے (oblique singular)
بَچّیاں (oblique plural)
بَچّیا (singular vocative)
بَچّیوْ (plural vocative)
بَچّیوْں (ablative singular)
بَچّے (locative singular)
بَچِّیْں (locative plural)
بَچّے (instrumental singular)
بَچِّیْں (instrumental plural)

/bət͡ʃ.t͡ʃäː/

[bɐt͡ʃ.t͡ʃäː]

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wet-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *wétos
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *watsás
Proto-Iranian *wacáh
Classical Persian بَچَّه (bačča)bor.
Punjabi بَچَّہ (baccah)
Borrowed from Classical Persian بَچَّه (bačča), from Proto-Iranian *wacáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *watsás, from Proto-Indo-European *wétos + *-ós.

etymon

بَچَّہ


بچہ

pa-adj

بَچَّہ • (baccah) (feminine بچی, Gurmukhi spelling ਬੱਚਾ)

بَچَّہ (canonical)
baccah (romanization)
بچی (feminine)
ਬੱਚਾ (Gurmukhi)

/bət͡ʃ.t͡ʃäː/

[bɐt͡ʃ.t͡ʃäː]

etymon

بَچَّہ

(figuratively, belittling) unaware, inexperienced


اٹھنا

pa-verb

اُٹّھݨا • (uṭṭhṇā) (intransitive, Gurmukhi spelling ਉੱਠਣਾ)

اُٹّھݨا (canonical)
uṭṭhṇā (romanization)
ਉੱਠਣਾ (Gurmukhi)
اُٹّھ (stem)
اُٹّھݨا (infinitive)
اُٹّھَݨ
اُٹّھ کے (conjunctive)
اُٹّھدے اُٹّھدے (progressive)
اُٹّھدا (imperfective participle)
اُٹّھدے (imperfective participle)
اُٹّھدی (feminine imperfective participle singular)
اُٹّھدِیاں (feminine imperfective participle plural)
اُٹّھیْا (participle perfective)
اُٹّھے (participle perfective)
اُٹّھی (feminine participle perfective singular)
اُٹّھِیاں (feminine participle perfective plural)
اُٹّھَݨ آلا (participle)
اُٹّھَݨ آلے (participle)
اُٹّھَݨ آلی (feminine participle singular)
اُٹّھَݨ آلِیاں (feminine participle plural)
اُٹّھیْا ہویْا (adjectival participle perfective)
اُٹّھے ہوئے (adjectival participle perfective)
اُٹّھی ہوئی (adjectival feminine participle perfective singular)
اُٹّھدِیاں ہوئِیاں (adjectival feminine participle perfective plural)
اُٹّھدا ہویْا (adjectival habitual participle)
اُٹّھدے ہوئے (adjectival habitual participle)
اُٹّھدی ہوئی (adjectival feminine habitual participle singular)
اُٹّھدِیاں ہوئِیاں (adjectival feminine habitual participle plural)
اُٹّھیْا (indicative masculine perfective singular)
اُٹّھے (indicative masculine perfective)
اُٹّھی (feminine indicative perfective singular)
اُٹّھِیاں (feminine indicative perfective)
اُٹّھاں گا (future indicative masculine singular)
اُٹّھیْں گا (future indicative masculine singular)
اُٹّھے گا (future indicative masculine singular)
اُٹّھو گے (future indicative masculine)
اُٹّھاں گے (future indicative masculine)
اُٹّھَݨ گے (future indicative masculine)
اُٹّھاں گی (feminine future indicative singular)
اُٹّھیْں گی (feminine future indicative singular)
اُٹّھے گی (feminine future indicative singular)
اُٹّھو گے (feminine future indicative)
اُٹّھاں گے (feminine future indicative)
اُٹّھَݨ گِیاں (feminine future indicative)
اُٹّھاں (future singular subjunctive)
اُٹّھیْں (future singular subjunctive)
اُٹّھے (future singular subjunctive)
اُٹّھو (future subjunctive)
اُٹّھئِیے (future subjunctive)
اُٹّھَݨ (future subjunctive)
اُٹّھ (familiar imperative singular)
اُٹّھو (familiar imperative)
اُٹّھِیں (imperative polite singular)
اُٹّھِیو (imperative polite)
اُٹّھدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
اُٹّھَنْدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
اُٹّھدے (counterfactual masculine present)
اُٹّھَنْدے (counterfactual masculine present)
اُٹّھدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
اُٹّھَنْدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
اُٹّھدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)
اُٹّھَنْدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)
اُٹّھدا واں (indicative masculine present singular)
اُٹّھدا ایْں (indicative masculine present singular)
اُٹّھدا اَے (indicative masculine present singular)
اُٹّھدے او (indicative masculine present)
اُٹّھدے آں (indicative masculine present)
اُٹّھدے نیْں (indicative masculine present)
اُٹّھدی آں (feminine indicative present singular)
اُٹّھدی ایْں (feminine indicative present singular)
اُٹّھدی اَے (feminine indicative present singular)
اُٹّھدِیاں او (feminine indicative present)
اُٹّھدِیاں آں (feminine indicative present)
اُٹّھدِیاں نیْں (feminine indicative present)
اُٹّھدا سی (indicative masculine past singular)
اُٹّھدے سی (indicative masculine past)
اُٹّھدا ساں (indicative masculine past singular)
اُٹّھدا سَیں (indicative masculine past singular)
اُٹّھدا سی (indicative masculine past singular)
اُٹّھدے سو (indicative masculine past)
اُٹّھدے ساں (indicative masculine past)
اُٹّھدے سَن (indicative masculine past)
اُٹّھدی سی (feminine indicative past singular)
اُٹّھدِیاں سی (feminine indicative past)
اُٹّھدی ساں (feminine indicative past singular)
اُٹّھدی سَیں (feminine indicative past singular)
اُٹّھدی سی (feminine indicative past singular)
اُٹّھدِیاں سو (feminine indicative past)
اُٹّھدِیاں ساں (feminine indicative past)
اُٹّھدِیاں سَن (feminine indicative past)
اُٹّھداں ہوواں گا (masculine presumptive singular)
اُٹّھدا ہوویْں گا (masculine presumptive singular)
اُٹّھدا ہووے گا (masculine presumptive singular)
اُٹّھدے ہووو گے (masculine presumptive)
اُٹّھدے ہوواں گے (masculine presumptive)
اُٹّھدے ہوݨ گا (masculine presumptive)
اُٹّھدی ہوواں گی (feminine presumptive singular)
اُٹّھدی ہوویْں گی (feminine presumptive singular)
اُٹّھدی ہووے گی (feminine presumptive singular)
اُٹّھدِیاں ہووو گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
اُٹّھدِیاں ہوواں گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
اُٹّھدِیاں ہوݨ گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
اُٹّھداں ہوواں (masculine present singular subjunctive)
اُٹّھدا ہوویْں (masculine present singular subjunctive)
اُٹّھدا ہووے (masculine present singular subjunctive)
اُٹّھدے ہووو (masculine present subjunctive)
اُٹّھدے ہوئیے (masculine present subjunctive)
اُٹّھدے ہوݨ (masculine present subjunctive)
اُٹّھدی ہوواں (feminine present singular subjunctive)
اُٹّھدی ہوویْں (feminine present singular subjunctive)
اُٹّھدی ہووے (feminine present singular subjunctive)
اُٹّھدِیاں ہووو (feminine present subjunctive)
اُٹّھدِیاں ہوئیے (feminine present subjunctive)
اُٹّھدِیاں ہوݨ (feminine present subjunctive)
اُٹّھدا ہونْدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
اُٹّھدے ہونْدے (counterfactual masculine present)
اُٹّھدی ہونْدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
اُٹّھدِیاں ہونْدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *úd
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ud-
Sanskrit उद्- (ud-)
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-
Sanskrit स्था (sthā)
Sanskrit -आपयति (-āpayati)
Sanskrit स्थापयति (sthāpayati)
Sanskrit उत्था॑पयति (útthāpayati)
Prakrit 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀯𑁂𑀇 (uṭṭhāvei)bf.
Prakrit 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀇 (uṭṭhaï)
Punjabi اُٹّھݨا (uṭṭhṇā)
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀇 (uṭṭhaï), a back-formation from 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀯𑁂𑀇 (uṭṭhāvei), from Sanskrit उत्था॑पयति (útthāpayati), from उद्- (ud-) + स्थापयति (sthāpayati).

etymon

اُٹّھݨا

to get up, rise up (from a lying or sitting position)

to be risen; arise; originate (such as a question, storm, pain etc.)


کھیرا

pa-noun

کھیرا • (khīrā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਖੀਰਾ)

Inherited from Sanskrit क्षीरक (kṣīraka). Cognates include Bengali খিরা (khira), Gujarati ખીરું (khīrũ), Hindustani کِھیرا / खीरा (khīrā), Persian خیار (xeyâr), and Marathi खिरा (khirā).


کھڑکی

pa-noun

کِھڑْکی • (khiṛkī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਖਿੜਕੀ)

کِھڑْکی (canonical)
khiṛkī (romanization)
ਖਿੜਕੀ (Gurmukhi)
کِھڑْکی (direct singular)
کِھڑْکِیاں (direct plural)
کِھڑْکی (oblique singular)
کِھڑْکِیاں (oblique plural)
کِھڑْکِیے (singular vocative)
کِھڑْکِیو (plural vocative)
کِھڑْکِیوں (ablative singular)
کِھڑْکِیاں (ablative plural)

/kʰɪɽə̆.kiː/

Etymology tree
Sanskrit खटक्किका (khaṭakkikā)
Prakrit 𑀔𑀟𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀻 (khaḍakkī)
Punjabi کھڑکی (khṛkī)
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀔𑀟𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀻 (khaḍakkī), from Sanskrit खटक्किका (khaṭakkikā). Cognate to Hindi खिड़की (khiṛkī).


مہینہ

pa-noun

مَہِینَہ • (mahīnah) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਹੀਨਾ)

مَہِینَہ (canonical)
mahīnah (romanization)
ਮਹੀਨਾ (Gurmukhi)
مَہِینَہ (direct singular)
مَہِینے (direct plural)
مَہِینے (oblique singular)
مَہِینیاں (oblique plural)
مَہِینیا (singular vocative)
مَہِینیوْ (plural vocative)
مَہِینیوْں (ablative singular)
مَہِینے (locative singular)
مَہِینِیْں (locative plural)
مَہِینے (instrumental singular)
مَہِینِیْں (instrumental plural)
مَہِینا (alternative)


سال

Borrowed from Classical Persian سال (sāl).


سننا

pa-verb

سُݨنا • (suṇnā) (transitive, Gurmukhi spelling ਸੁਣਨਾ)

سُݨنا (canonical)
suṇnā (romanization)
ਸੁਣਨਾ (Gurmukhi)
سُݨ (stem)
سُݨݨا (infinitive)
سُݨَݨ
سُݨ کے (conjunctive)
سُݨدے سُݨدے (progressive)
سُݨدا (imperfective participle)
سُݨدے (imperfective participle)
سُݨدی (feminine imperfective participle singular)
سُݨدِیاں (feminine imperfective participle plural)
سُݨیْا (participle perfective)
سُݨے (participle perfective)
سُݨی (feminine participle perfective singular)
سُݨِیاں (feminine participle perfective plural)
سُݨَݨ آلا (participle)
سُݨَݨ آلے (participle)
سُݨَݨ آلی (feminine participle singular)
سُݨَݨ آلِیاں (feminine participle plural)
سُݨیْا ہویْا (adjectival participle perfective)
سُݨے ہوئے (adjectival participle perfective)
سُݨی ہوئی (adjectival feminine participle perfective singular)
سُݨدِیاں ہوئِیاں (adjectival feminine participle perfective plural)
سُݨدا ہویْا (adjectival habitual participle)
سُݨدے ہوئے (adjectival habitual participle)
سُݨدی ہوئی (adjectival feminine habitual participle singular)
سُݨدِیاں ہوئِیاں (adjectival feminine habitual participle plural)
سُݨیْا (indicative masculine perfective singular)
سُݨے (indicative masculine perfective)
سُݨی (feminine indicative perfective singular)
سُݨِیاں (feminine indicative perfective)
سُݨاں گا (future indicative masculine singular)
سُݨیْں گا (future indicative masculine singular)
سُݨے گا (future indicative masculine singular)
سُݨو گے (future indicative masculine)
سُݨاں گے (future indicative masculine)
سُݨَݨ گے (future indicative masculine)
سُݨاں گی (feminine future indicative singular)
سُݨیْں گی (feminine future indicative singular)
سُݨے گی (feminine future indicative singular)
سُݨو گے (feminine future indicative)
سُݨاں گے (feminine future indicative)
سُݨَݨ گِیاں (feminine future indicative)
سُݨاں (future singular subjunctive)
سُݨیْں (future singular subjunctive)
سُݨے (future singular subjunctive)
سُݨو (future subjunctive)
سُݨئِیے (future subjunctive)
سُݨَݨ (future subjunctive)
سُݨ (familiar imperative singular)
سُݨو (familiar imperative)
سُݨِیں (imperative polite singular)
سُݨِیو (imperative polite)
سُݨدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
سُݨَنْدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
سُݨدے (counterfactual masculine present)
سُݨَنْدے (counterfactual masculine present)
سُݨدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
سُݨَنْدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
سُݨدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)
سُݨَنْدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)
سُݨدا واں (indicative masculine present singular)
سُݨدا ایْں (indicative masculine present singular)
سُݨدا اَے (indicative masculine present singular)
سُݨدے او (indicative masculine present)
سُݨدے آں (indicative masculine present)
سُݨدے نیْں (indicative masculine present)
سُݨدی آں (feminine indicative present singular)
سُݨدی ایْں (feminine indicative present singular)
سُݨدی اَے (feminine indicative present singular)
سُݨدِیاں او (feminine indicative present)
سُݨدِیاں آں (feminine indicative present)
سُݨدِیاں نیْں (feminine indicative present)
سُݨدا سی (indicative masculine past singular)
سُݨدے سی (indicative masculine past)
سُݨدا ساں (indicative masculine past singular)
سُݨدا سَیں (indicative masculine past singular)
سُݨدا سی (indicative masculine past singular)
سُݨدے سو (indicative masculine past)
سُݨدے ساں (indicative masculine past)
سُݨدے سَن (indicative masculine past)
سُݨدی سی (feminine indicative past singular)
سُݨدِیاں سی (feminine indicative past)
سُݨدی ساں (feminine indicative past singular)
سُݨدی سَیں (feminine indicative past singular)
سُݨدی سی (feminine indicative past singular)
سُݨدِیاں سو (feminine indicative past)
سُݨدِیاں ساں (feminine indicative past)
سُݨدِیاں سَن (feminine indicative past)
سُݨداں ہوواں گا (masculine presumptive singular)
سُݨدا ہوویْں گا (masculine presumptive singular)
سُݨدا ہووے گا (masculine presumptive singular)
سُݨدے ہووو گے (masculine presumptive)
سُݨدے ہوواں گے (masculine presumptive)
سُݨدے ہوݨ گا (masculine presumptive)
سُݨدی ہوواں گی (feminine presumptive singular)
سُݨدی ہوویْں گی (feminine presumptive singular)
سُݨدی ہووے گی (feminine presumptive singular)
سُݨدِیاں ہووو گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
سُݨدِیاں ہوواں گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
سُݨدِیاں ہوݨ گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
سُݨداں ہوواں (masculine present singular subjunctive)
سُݨدا ہوویْں (masculine present singular subjunctive)
سُݨدا ہووے (masculine present singular subjunctive)
سُݨدے ہووو (masculine present subjunctive)
سُݨدے ہوئیے (masculine present subjunctive)
سُݨدے ہوݨ (masculine present subjunctive)
سُݨدی ہوواں (feminine present singular subjunctive)
سُݨدی ہوویْں (feminine present singular subjunctive)
سُݨدی ہووے (feminine present singular subjunctive)
سُݨدِیاں ہووو (feminine present subjunctive)
سُݨدِیاں ہوئیے (feminine present subjunctive)
سُݨدِیاں ہوݨ (feminine present subjunctive)
سُݨدا ہونْدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
سُݨدے ہونْدے (counterfactual masculine present)
سُݨدی ہونْدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
سُݨدِیاں ہونْدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)

Punjabi verb set
 سُݨنا (suṇnā)
 سُݨاݨا (suṇāṇā)
 سُنْواݨا (sunvāṇā)
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-
Proto-Indo-European *-né-
Proto-Indo-European *ḱl̥néwti
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥náwti
Sanskrit शृणोति (śṛṇoti)
Prakrit 𑀲𑀼𑀡𑀇 (suṇaï)
Punjabi سُݨنا (suṇnā)
Inherited from Old Punjabi ਸੁਣਿ (suṇi), from Apabhramsa सुणइ (suṇaï), from Prakrit 𑀲𑀼𑀡𑀇 (suṇaï), from Sanskrit शृणोति (śṛṇóti).

etymon

سُݨنا

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śr̥ṇṓti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 730: “P.ludh. sunanā”


جگت

pa-noun

جُگَت • (jugat) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਜੁਗਤ)

جُگَت (canonical)
jugat (romanization)
ਜੁਗਤ (Gurmukhi)
جُگَت (direct singular)
جُگَتاں (direct plural)
جُگَت (oblique singular)
جُگَتاں (oblique plural)
جُگَتے (singular vocative)
جُگَتو (plural vocative)
جُگَتوں (ablative singular)
جُگَتاں (ablative plural)
جُگَتی (locative singular)
جُگَتِیں (locative plural)
جُگَتِیں (instrumental singular)
جُگَتے (instrumental plural)


مار

مار • (mār) f

mār (romanization)
مار (direct singular)
ماراں (direct plural)
مار (oblique singular)
ماراں (oblique plural)
مارے (singular vocative)
مارو (plural vocative)
ماروں (ablative singular)
ماراں (ablative plural)
ماری (locative singular)
مارِیں (locative plural)
مارِیں (instrumental singular)
مارے (instrumental plural)

مارݨا مارنا#Punjabi

verbal noun of مارݨا (mārṇā, “to hit; beat”)


مار

مارݨا مارنا#Punjabi

مارݨا مارنا#Punjabi

second-person singular familiar imperative


خانم

خانَم • (xānam) f


چند

چَنْد • (cand) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਚੰਦ)

چَنْد (canonical)
cand (romanization)
ਚੰਦ (Gurmukhi)


عرب

pa-proper noun

عَرَب • (ʻarab) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਅਰਬ)

عَرَب (canonical)
ʻarab (romanization)
ਅਰਬ (Gurmukhi)

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates

Arabia (a peninsula of Western Asia between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf; includes Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates)

(broader sense) Arabia (the region of Western Asia within or adjacent to the Arabian Plate; Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, the Egyptian Sinai, Palestine and the United Arab Emirates)


عرب

Borrowed from Classical Persian عَرَب (arab), from Arabic عَرَب (ʕarab).


ਤਾਜ ਮਹਿਲ

pa-proper noun

ਤਾਜ ਮਹਿਲ • (tāj mahil) m (Shahmukhi spelling تاج محل)

tāj mahil (romanization)
تاج محل (Shahmukhi)

/t̪äːd͡ʒə̆‿mɛː˦lə̆/

Taj Mahal (a monument in Agra, India, constructed between 1631 and 1654, considered one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in the world)


شطرنج

pa-noun

شَطرَنج • (śat̤ranj) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ਤਰੰਜ)

شَطرَنج (canonical)
śat̤ranj (romanization)
ਸ਼ਤਰੰਜ (Gurmukhi)
شَطرَنج (direct singular)
شَطرَنج (direct plural)
شَطرَنج (oblique singular)
شَطرَنجاں (oblique plural)
شَطرَنجا (singular vocative)
شَطرَنجو (plural vocative)
شَطرَنجوں (ablative singular)
شَطرَنجاں (ablative plural)
شَطرَنجے (locative singular)
شَطرَنجِیں (locative plural)
شَطرَنجوں (instrumental singular)

/ʃə.ˈt̪rənd͡ʒᵊ/


برج

بُرج • (burj) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਬੁਰਜ)

بُرج (canonical)
burj (romanization)
ਬੁਰਜ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian بُرْج (burj), from Arabic بُرْج (burj), from Classical Syriac ܒܘܪܓܐ (burgāʾ), from Ancient Greek πύργος (púrgos), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“high”).


ਪੁਸਤਕਾਲਾ

pa-noun

ਪੁਸਤਕਾਲਾ • (pusatakālā) m (Shahmukhi spelling پستکالا)

pusatakālā (romanization)
پستکالا (Shahmukhi)

ਪੁਸਤਕ (pustak, “book”) + ਆਲਾ (ālā, “storehouse”). Compare Hindi पुस्तकालय (pustakālay).


چلنا

pa-verb

چَلّݨا • (callṇā) (intransitive, Gurmukhi spelling ਚੱਲਣਾ)

چَلّݨا (canonical)
callṇā (romanization)
ਚੱਲਣਾ (Gurmukhi)
چَلّ (stem)
چَلّݨا (infinitive)
چَلَّݨ
چَلّ کے (conjunctive)
چَلّدے چَلّدے (progressive)
چَلّدا (imperfective participle)
چَلّدے (imperfective participle)
چَلّدی (feminine imperfective participle singular)
چَلّدِیاں (feminine imperfective participle plural)
چَلّیْا (participle perfective)
چَلّے (participle perfective)
چَلّی (feminine participle perfective singular)
چَلِّیاں (feminine participle perfective plural)
چَلَّݨ آلا (participle)
چَلَّݨ آلے (participle)
چَلَّݨ آلی (feminine participle singular)
چَلَّݨ آلِیاں (feminine participle plural)
چَلّیْا ہویْا (adjectival participle perfective)
چَلّے ہوئے (adjectival participle perfective)
چَلّی ہوئی (adjectival feminine participle perfective singular)
چَلّدِیاں ہوئِیاں (adjectival feminine participle perfective plural)
چَلّدا ہویْا (adjectival habitual participle)
چَلّدے ہوئے (adjectival habitual participle)
چَلّدی ہوئی (adjectival feminine habitual participle singular)
چَلّدِیاں ہوئِیاں (adjectival feminine habitual participle plural)
چَلّیْا (indicative masculine perfective singular)
چَلّے (indicative masculine perfective)
چَلّی (feminine indicative perfective singular)
چَلِّیاں (feminine indicative perfective)
چَلّاں گا (future indicative masculine singular)
چَلّیْں گا (future indicative masculine singular)
چَلّے گا (future indicative masculine singular)
چَلّو گے (future indicative masculine)
چَلّاں گے (future indicative masculine)
چَلَّݨ گے (future indicative masculine)
چَلّاں گی (feminine future indicative singular)
چَلّیْں گی (feminine future indicative singular)
چَلّے گی (feminine future indicative singular)
چَلّو گے (feminine future indicative)
چَلّاں گے (feminine future indicative)
چَلَّݨ گِیاں (feminine future indicative)
چَلّاں (future singular subjunctive)
چَلّیْں (future singular subjunctive)
چَلّے (future singular subjunctive)
چَلّو (future subjunctive)
چَلّئِیے (future subjunctive)
چَلَّݨ (future subjunctive)
چَلّ (familiar imperative singular)
چَلّو (familiar imperative)
چَلِّیں (imperative polite singular)
چَلِّیو (imperative polite)
چَلّدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
چَلَّنْدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
چَلّدے (counterfactual masculine present)
چَلَّنْدے (counterfactual masculine present)
چَلّدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
چَلَّنْدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
چَلّدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)
چَلَّنْدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)
چَلّدا واں (indicative masculine present singular)
چَلّدا ایْں (indicative masculine present singular)
چَلّدا اَے (indicative masculine present singular)
چَلّدے او (indicative masculine present)
چَلّدے آں (indicative masculine present)
چَلّدے نیْں (indicative masculine present)
چَلّدی آں (feminine indicative present singular)
چَلّدی ایْں (feminine indicative present singular)
چَلّدی اَے (feminine indicative present singular)
چَلّدِیاں او (feminine indicative present)
چَلّدِیاں آں (feminine indicative present)
چَلّدِیاں نیْں (feminine indicative present)
چَلّدا سی (indicative masculine past singular)
چَلّدے سی (indicative masculine past)
چَلّدا ساں (indicative masculine past singular)
چَلّدا سَیں (indicative masculine past singular)
چَلّدا سی (indicative masculine past singular)
چَلّدے سو (indicative masculine past)
چَلّدے ساں (indicative masculine past)
چَلّدے سَن (indicative masculine past)
چَلّدی سی (feminine indicative past singular)
چَلّدِیاں سی (feminine indicative past)
چَلّدی ساں (feminine indicative past singular)
چَلّدی سَیں (feminine indicative past singular)
چَلّدی سی (feminine indicative past singular)
چَلّدِیاں سو (feminine indicative past)
چَلّدِیاں ساں (feminine indicative past)
چَلّدِیاں سَن (feminine indicative past)
چَلّداں ہوواں گا (masculine presumptive singular)
چَلّدا ہوویْں گا (masculine presumptive singular)
چَلّدا ہووے گا (masculine presumptive singular)
چَلّدے ہووو گے (masculine presumptive)
چَلّدے ہوواں گے (masculine presumptive)
چَلّدے ہوݨ گا (masculine presumptive)
چَلّدی ہوواں گی (feminine presumptive singular)
چَلّدی ہوویْں گی (feminine presumptive singular)
چَلّدی ہووے گی (feminine presumptive singular)
چَلّدِیاں ہووو گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
چَلّدِیاں ہوواں گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
چَلّدِیاں ہوݨ گِیاں (feminine presumptive)
چَلّداں ہوواں (masculine present singular subjunctive)
چَلّدا ہوویْں (masculine present singular subjunctive)
چَلّدا ہووے (masculine present singular subjunctive)
چَلّدے ہووو (masculine present subjunctive)
چَلّدے ہوئیے (masculine present subjunctive)
چَلّدے ہوݨ (masculine present subjunctive)
چَلّدی ہوواں (feminine present singular subjunctive)
چَلّدی ہوویْں (feminine present singular subjunctive)
چَلّدی ہووے (feminine present singular subjunctive)
چَلّدِیاں ہووو (feminine present subjunctive)
چَلّدِیاں ہوئیے (feminine present subjunctive)
چَلّدِیاں ہوݨ (feminine present subjunctive)
چَلّدا ہونْدا (counterfactual masculine present singular)
چَلّدے ہونْدے (counterfactual masculine present)
چَلّدی ہونْدی (counterfactual feminine present singular)
چَلّدِیاں ہونْدِیاں (counterfactual feminine present)

/t͡ʃəl.lɳäː/

[t͡ʃɐlˑᵊ.ɳäː]

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀘𑀮𑀇 (calaï), from Sanskrit चलति (calati), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *čálHati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čálHati, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷél-e-ti, from *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”).

to function, work (of a machine or device)


کڑا

pa-noun

کُڑا • (kuṛā) m (feminine کُڑی, Gurmukhi spelling ਕੁੜਾ)

کُڑا (canonical)
kuṛā (romanization)
کُڑی (feminine)
ਕੁੜਾ (Gurmukhi)
کُڑا (direct singular)
کُڑے (direct plural)
کُڑے (oblique singular)
کُڑیْاں (oblique plural)
کُڑیْا (singular vocative)
کُڑیو (plural vocative)
کُڑیوں (ablative singular)
کُڑیْاں (ablative plural)
کُڑِیں (locative plural)
کُڑے (instrumental singular)


پاکستان

pa-proper noun

پاکستان • (pākistān) ? (Gurmukhi spelling ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ)

pākistān (romanization)
ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ (Gurmukhi)


زندگی

pa-noun

زندگی • (zindagī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ)

zindagī (romanization)
ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian زندگی (zindagī).


شہر

pa-noun

شَہَر • (śahar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ਹਿਰ)

شَہَر (canonical)
śahar (romanization)
ਸ਼ਹਿਰ (Gurmukhi)
شَہِر (direct singular)
شَہِر (direct plural)
شَہِر (oblique singular)
شَہِراں (oblique plural)
شَہِرا (singular vocative)
شَہِرو (plural vocative)
شَہِروں (ablative singular)
شَہِراں (ablative plural)
شَہِرے (locative singular)
شَہِرِیں (locative plural)
شَہِروں (instrumental singular)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám
Middle Persian 𐭱𐭲𐭥𐭩 (štʿy)
Classical Persian شهرbor.
Punjabi شَہَر (śahar)

etymon

شَہَر

اَسِیں شَہَر توں آئے آں۔


ژ

že (romanization)
ਜ਼ (alternative)
ਜ਼਼ (alternative)
ਝ਼ (alternative)

The seventeenth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ

pa-proper noun

ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ • (vāhigurū) m (Shahmukhi spelling واہگرو)

vāhigurū (romanization)
واہگرو (Shahmukhi)
ਵਾਹਗੁਰੂ (alternative)

/ʋɑːhǽ.ɡʊ.ruː/

Pa-ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ.ogg

ਵਾਹ (vāh, “wondrous”) + ਗੁਰੂ (gurū, “enlightened”)

af

ਸਤਿ ਸਾਚੁ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਨਿਵਾਸੁ ਆਦਿ ਪੁਰਖੁ ਸਦਾ ਤੁਹੀ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਵਾਹਿ ਜੀਉ

Guru Granth Sahib, Bhatt Gayand, translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa, ang 515

You are forever True, the Home of Excellence, the Primal Supreme Being. wow Wondrous Enlightener, Wondrous Enlightener, Wondrous Enlightener.

sat sāch srī nivās ād purakh sadā tuhī wāhegurū wāhegurū wāhegurū wāhe jīo

ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਮਿਹਰ ਕਰੇ.


پہاڑ

pa-noun

پَہاڑ • (pahāṛ) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਪਹਾੜ)

پَہاڑ (canonical)
pahāṛ (romanization)
ਪਹਾੜ (Gurmukhi)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀧𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀟 (*pāhāḍa, “mountain”).

inh+

the direction in which the mountains are (relative to Punjab); north


اللہ

pa-noun

اللہ • (allāh) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਅੱਲਾਹ or ਅੱਲਾ)

allāh (romanization)
ਅੱਲਾਹ (Gurmukhi)
ਅੱਲਾ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian الله (allāh), from Arabic اللّٰه (allāh). First attested as Old Punjabi ਅਲਹੁ (alahu /allahu/). Compare Hindustani اَللہ (allh) / अल्लाह (allāh), Bengali আল্লাহ (allah), Malayalam അല്ലാഹു (allāhu).


پناہ

pa-noun

پَناہ • (panāh) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਪਨਾਹ)

پَناہ (canonical)
panāh (romanization)
ਪਨਾਹ (Gurmukhi)

Etymology tree
Middle Persian 𐭯𐭭𐭠𐭧 (pnʾḥ)
Classical Persian پَنَاه (panāh)bor.
Punjabi پَناہ (panāh)
Borrowed from Classical Persian پَنَاه (panāh).

etymon

پَناہ


زمین

pa-noun

زَمِین • (zamīn) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਜ਼ਮੀਨ)

زَمِین (canonical)
zamīn (romanization)
ਜ਼ਮੀਨ (Gurmukhi)
زِمِیں (alternative)

Borrowed from Classical Persian زمین (zamīn). Compare Urdu زمین.


بجلی

pa-noun

بِجْلی • (bijlī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਬਿਜਲੀ)

بِجْلی (canonical)
bijlī (romanization)
ਬਿਜਲੀ (Gurmukhi)
بِجْلی (direct singular)
بِجْلِیاں (direct plural)
بِجْلی (oblique singular)
بِجْلِیاں (oblique plural)
بِجْلِیے (singular vocative)
بِجْلِیو (plural vocative)
بِجْلِیوں (ablative singular)
بِجْلِیاں (ablative plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wí
Sanskrit वि- (vi-)
Proto-Indo-European *dyew-der.
Sanskrit द्युत् (dyut)
Sanskrit विद्युत् (vidyut)
Proto-Indo-European *lentéh₂?
Sanskrit लता (latā)
Sanskrit विद्युल्लता (vidyullatā)
Punjabi بِجْلی (bijlī)
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀯𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀆 (vijjuliā), from Sanskrit विद्युल्लता (vidyullatā, “forked lightning”), from विद्युत् (vidyut, “lightning”) + लता (latā, “creeper”).

etymon

بِجْلی


ਮਨਮੌਜੀ

pa-adj

ਮਨਮੌਜੀ • (manmaujī) (Shahmukhi spelling من موجی)

manmaujī (romanization)
من موجی (Shahmukhi)


مذہب

pa-noun

مَذْہَب • (maẕhab) m (plural مَذاہِب, Gurmukhi spelling ਮਜ਼ਹਬ)

مَذْہَب (canonical)
maẕhab (romanization)
مَذاہِب (plural)
ਮਜ਼ਹਬ (Gurmukhi)
مَذْہَب (direct singular)
مَذْہَب (direct plural)
مَذْہَب (oblique singular)
مَذْہَباں (oblique plural)
مَذْہَبا (singular vocative)
مَذْہَبو (plural vocative)
مَذْہَبوں (ablative singular)
مَذْہَباں (ablative plural)
مَذْہَبے (locative singular)
مَذْہَبِیں (locative plural)
مَذْہَبوں (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Classical Persian مَذْهَب (mazhab), from Arabic مَذْهَب (maḏhab).

bor+

(Islam) madhhab, school of thought in Islamic jurisprudence


سر

سِر (canonical)
sir (romanization)
ਸਿਰ (Gurmukhi)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-; see there for more.


دو

Inherited from Sanskrit द्व (dva). Compare Hindi दो (do).


یک

Borrowed from Classical Persian یَک (yak).


ماہی

pa-noun

مَاہِی • (māhī) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਾਹੀ)

مَاہِی (canonical)
māhī (romanization)
ਮਾਹੀ (Gurmukhi)
ماہی (direct singular)
ماہی (direct plural)
ماہی (oblique singular)
ماہِیاں (oblique plural)
ماہِیا (singular vocative)
ماہِیو (plural vocative)
ماہِیوں (ablative singular)
ماہِیاں (ablative plural)


چ

ce (romanization)
ਚ (alternative)
چے (alternative)

From Classical Persian چ (čē), modified from the Arabic letter ج (jīm).

The eighth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.


صبر

صَبر • (sabăr) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਬਰ)

صَبر (canonical)
sabăr (romanization)
ਸਬਰ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian صبر (sabr), from Arabic صَبْر (ṣabr). Compare Urdu صبر.


صاحب

pa-noun

صاحب • (sāhab) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਾਹਿਬ)


ਪਿਸਰ

ਪਿਸਰ • (pisar) m (Shahmukhi spelling پسر)

Borrowed from Classical Persian پسر (pisar).


ਸੇਵਾਦਾਰ

pa-noun

ਸੇਵਾਦਾਰ • (sevādār) m (Shahmukhi spelling سیوادار)

sevādār (romanization)
سیوادار (Shahmukhi)


حق

حَقّ • (ḥaqq) m (plural حَقُوق, Gurmukhi spelling ਹੱਕ or ਹੱਕ਼)

حَقّ (canonical)
ḥaqq (romanization)
حَقُوق (plural)
ਹੱਕ (Gurmukhi)
ਹੱਕ਼ (Gurmukhi)
حَقّ (direct singular)
حَقّ (direct plural)
حَقّ (oblique singular)
حَقّاں (oblique plural)
حَقّا (singular vocative)
حَقّو (plural vocative)
حَقّوں (ablative singular)
حَقّاں (ablative plural)
حَقّے (locative singular)
حَقِّیں (locative plural)
حَقّوں (instrumental singular)

Etymology tree
Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq)bor.
Classical Persian حَقّ (haqq)bor.
Punjabi حَقّ (ḥaqq)
Borrowed from Classical Persian حَقّ (haqq), borrowed from Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq).

etymon

حَقّ

(by extension, religion) God (an attribute of God)


فرش

pa-noun

فرش • (faraś) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਫ਼ਰਸ਼)

Borrowed from Classical Persian فرش (farš), from Arabic فَرْش (farš, “carpet, rug”). Cognate to Urdu فرش (farś).


عربی

pa-proper noun

عَرَبی • (ʻarabī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਅਰਬੀ)

عَرَبی (canonical)
ʻarabī (romanization)
ਅਰਬੀ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian عَرَبِی (arabī).


عربی

pa-noun

عَرَبی • (ʻarabī) m (feminine عربݨ, Gurmukhi spelling ਅਰਬੀ)

عَرَبی (canonical)
ʻarabī (romanization)
عربݨ (feminine)
ਅਰਬੀ (Gurmukhi)


عربی

pa-adj

عَرَبی • (ʻarabī) (indeclinable, Gurmukhi spelling ਅਰਬੀ)


مراکش

pa-proper noun

مَراکَش • (marākaś) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਰਾਕਿਸ਼)

مَراکَش (canonical)
marākaś (romanization)
ਮਰਾਕਿਸ਼ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian مَرَاکِش (marākiš), from Arabic مُرّاكُش (murrākuš).

bor+

Marrakech (the capital city of the Marrakesh-Safi region, Morocco)


دریا

pa-noun

دریا • (daryā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਦਰਿਆ)


شاعر

شاعِر • (śā‘ir) m

Borrowed from Classical Persian شاعر (šā'ir), from Arabic شَاعِر (šāʕir).


اسلامی

pa-adj

اِسْلامِی • (īslāmī) (Gurmukhi spelling ਇਸਲਾਮੀ)

اِسْلامِی (canonical)
īslāmī (romanization)
ਇਸਲਾਮੀ (Gurmukhi)


دیوار

pa-noun

دِیْوَار • (dīvār) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਦੀਵਾਰ)

دِیْوَار (canonical)
dīvār (romanization)
ਦੀਵਾਰ (Gurmukhi)
دِیْوَار (direct singular)
دِیْوَاراں (direct plural)
دِیْوَار (oblique singular)
دِیْوَاراں (oblique plural)
دِیْوَارے (singular vocative)
دِیْوَارو (plural vocative)
دِیْوَاروں (ablative singular)
دِیْوَاراں (ablative plural)
دِیْوَاری (locative singular)
دِیْوَارِیں (locative plural)
دِیْوَارِیں (instrumental singular)
دِیْوَارے (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Classical Persian دیوار (dīwār).


ول

Inherited from Old Punjabi وَلِّ (valli), from Prakrit 𑀉𑀯𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀺𑀬𑀇 (uvalliyaï), from Sanskrit उपलीयते (upalīyate, “to lie close to”).


ول

اوہ اج-کلھ آپݨی پڑھائی ول دھیان رکھدا پیا ہے۔

oh ajj kallh āpṇī paṛhā'ī vall dhiāṇ rakkhdā peyā hai.

He is paying attention to his studies these days.


شکر

pa-noun

شَکَّر • (śakkar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ੱਕਰ)

شَکَّر (canonical)
śakkar (romanization)
ਸ਼ੱਕਰ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian شکر (šakar, “sugar”).


شکر

pa-noun

شُکْر • (śukr) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ੁਕਰ)

شُکْر (canonical)
śukr (romanization)
ਸ਼ੁਕਰ (Gurmukhi)


حال

حال • (ḥāl) m (plural حالات, Gurmukhi spelling ਹਾਲ)

ḥāl (romanization)
حالات (plural)
ਹਾਲ (Gurmukhi)
حال (direct singular)
حال (direct plural)
حال (oblique singular)
حالاں (oblique plural)
حالا (singular vocative)
حالو (plural vocative)
حالوں (ablative singular)
حالاں (ablative plural)
حالے (locative singular)
حالِیں (locative plural)
حالوں (instrumental singular)

Etymology tree
Arabic حَال (ḥāl)bor.
Classical Persian حَال (hāl)bor.
Punjabi حال (ḥāl)
Borrowed from Classical Persian حَال (hāl), borrowed from Arabic حَال (ḥāl).

etymon

state in time; present, the present moment


جان

jān (romanization)
ਜਾਨ (Gurmukhi)
جان (direct singular)
جاناں (direct plural)
جان (oblique singular)
جاناں (oblique plural)
جانے (singular vocative)
جانو (plural vocative)
جانوں (ablative singular)
جاناں (ablative plural)
جانی (locative singular)
جانِیں (locative plural)
جانِیں (instrumental singular)
جانے (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Classical Persian جَان (jān).


جان

جَاݨ (canonical)
jāṇ (romanization)
ਜਾਣ (Gurmukhi)
جَاݨ (direct singular)
جَاݨاں (direct plural)
جَاݨ (oblique singular)
جَاݨاں (oblique plural)
جَاݨے (singular vocative)
جَاݨو (plural vocative)
جَاݨوں (ablative singular)
جَاݨاں (ablative plural)
جَاݨی (locative singular)
جَاݨِیں (locative plural)
جَاݨِیں (instrumental singular)
جَاݨے (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀚𑀸𑀡 (jāṇa), from Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñāna).


جان

جَاݨ (canonical)
jāṇ (romanization)
ਜਾਣ (Gurmukhi)

جَاݨنا جاننا#Punjabi

جَاݨنا جاننا#Punjabi

second-person singular present imperative


جان

جَاݨا جانا#Punjabi

oblique infinitive of جَاݨا (jāṇā, “to go”)


ساحل

pa-noun

ساحِل • (sāḥil) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਾਹਿਲ)

ساحِل (canonical)
sāḥil (romanization)
ਸਾਹਿਲ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian سَاحِل (sāhil), from Arabic سَاحِل (sāḥil).


میز

mez (romanization)
ਮੇਜ਼ (Gurmukhi)
میز (direct singular)
میزاں (direct plural)
میز (oblique singular)
میزاں (oblique plural)
میزے (singular vocative)
میزو (plural vocative)
میزوں (ablative singular)
میزاں (ablative plural)
میزی (locative singular)
میزِیں (locative plural)
میزِیں (instrumental singular)
میزے (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Classical Persian میز (mēz).


بادام

pa-noun

بادام • (bādāmă) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਬਦਾਮ or ਬਾਦਾਮ)

bādāmă (romanization)
ਬਦਾਮ (Gurmukhi)
ਬਾਦਾਮ (Gurmukhi)
بادام (direct singular)
بادام (direct plural)
بادام (oblique singular)
باداماں (oblique plural)
باداما (singular vocative)
بادامو (plural vocative)
باداموں (ablative singular)
باداماں (ablative plural)
بادامے (locative singular)
بادامِیں (locative plural)
باداموں (instrumental singular)
بَدام (alternative)

/bä.ˈd̪äːmə̆/

/bə.ˈd̪äːmə̆/

Borrowed from Classical Persian بادام. Cognate with Gujarati બદામ (badām), Urdu بادام (bādām), Kashmiri بادام, Bengali বাদাম (badam), Nepali बदाम् (badām), Marathi बदाम (badām), Odia ବାଦାମ (bādāma).


عیسی

عِیسیٰ • (ʻīsā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਈਸਾ)

عِیسیٰ (canonical)
ʻīsā (romanization)
ਈਸਾ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian عِیسَیٰ (īsā), borrowed from Arabic عِيسَى (ʕīsā).

etymon

(Islam) Jesus (ʿĪsā), son of Mary, revered as a major prophet in the Quran


انب

اَن٘ب (canonical)
aṉb (romanization)
ਅੰਬ (Gurmukhi)
اَن٘ب (direct singular)
اَن٘ب (direct plural)
اَن٘ب (oblique singular)
اَن٘باں (oblique plural)
اَن٘با (singular vocative)
اَن٘بو (plural vocative)
اَن٘بوں (ablative singular)
اَن٘باں (ablative plural)
اَن٘بے (locative singular)
اَن٘بِیں (locative plural)
اَن٘بوں (instrumental singular)
اَمْب (alternative)

Inherited from Prakrit अंब (aṃba) / अम्ब (amba), Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba), from Sanskrit आम्र (āmra). Cognate Hindustani آم (ām) / आम (ām), Sindhi اَنْبُ (anbu).


زرشک

pa-noun

زِرِشْک • (ziriśk) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਜ਼ਿਰਿਮ਼ਕ)

زِرِشْک (canonical)
ziriśk (romanization)
ਜ਼ਿਰਿਮ਼ਕ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian زرشک (zirišk).


تخت

pa-noun

تَخْت • (taxt) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਤਖ਼ਤ)

تَخْت (canonical)
taxt (romanization)
ਤਖ਼ਤ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian تَخْت (taxt).


پنج

پَن٘ج (canonical)
paṉj (romanization)
ਪੰਜ (Gurmukhi)

Inherited from Sanskrit पञ्चन् (páñcan), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


تن

تِنّ (canonical)
tinnă (romanization)
ਤਿੰਨ (Gurmukhi)
تْرَے (alternative)


دیکھنا

pa-verb

دیکھنا • (dekhaṇā) (Shahmukhi spelling دیکھنا)

dekhaṇā (romanization)
دیکھنا (Shahmukhi)
ویکھݨا (alternative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *derḱ-
Sanskrit दृश् (dṛś)der.
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Proto-Indo-European *pró
Proto-Indo-European *pro-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pra-
Sanskrit प्र- (pra-)
Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷsder.
Sanskrit ईक्ष॑ते (ī́kṣate)
Sanskrit प्रेक्ष॑ते (prékṣate)influ.?
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀔𑀢𑀺 (dekhati)
Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (dĕkkhaï)
Punjabi دیکھنا (dekhnā)
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (dĕkkhaï), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀔𑀢𑀺 (dekhati), from Sanskrit दृश् (dṛś), from Proto-Indo-European *derḱ-.

etymon

اتھے دیکھو।

میں اوس ول نہیں دیکھ سکدا آ۔

میں اوہ نوں نہیں دیکھ سکدا۔

(transitive) to see, to observe, to look at


طب

pa-noun

طِبّ • (t̤ibb) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਤਿੱਬ)

طِبّ (canonical)
t̤ibb (romanization)
ਤਿੱਬ (Gurmukhi)


طبی

pa-adj

طِبّی • (t̤ibbī) (Gurmukhi spelling ਤਿੱਬੀ)

طِبّی (canonical)
t̤ibbī (romanization)
ਤਿੱਬੀ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Arabic طِبِّيّ (ṭibbiyy). By surface analysis, طِبّ (t̤ibb, “medicine”) + ـی (-ī).


جانور

pa-noun

جانور • (jānvar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਜਾਨਵਰ)

Borrowed from Classical Persian جانور (jānwar).


طوفان

pa-noun

طُوفان • (t̤ūfān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਤੁਫਾਨ)

طُوفان (canonical)
t̤ūfān (romanization)
ਤੁਫਾਨ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian طوفان (tūfān), from Arabic طُوفَان (ṭūfān).

der

Arabic طُوفَان (ṭūfān)


سن

سُݨݨا سننا#Punjabi

سُݨݨا سننا#Punjabi


سنا

pa-adj

سُنّا • (sunnā) (Gurmukhi spelling ਸੁੰਨਾ)

سُنّا (canonical)
sunnā (romanization)
ਸੁੰਨਾ (Gurmukhi)
سُنّا (direct masculine singular)
سُنّے (direct masculine plural)
سُنّی (direct feminine singular)
سُنِّیاں (direct feminine plural)
سُنّے (masculine oblique singular)
سُنّیاں (masculine oblique plural)
سُنّی (feminine oblique singular)
سُنِّیاں (feminine oblique plural)

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡 (suṇṇa), from Sanskrit शून्य (śūnya, “empty”). Cognate with Urdu سُونا (sūnā) and Saraiki سُن٘ڄا (suṉǰā)

inh+

سُن٘جا سنجا#Punjabi

Alternative form of سُن٘جا (suṉjā, “desolate; deserted; empty; lonely”)


آن

inflection of آݨا (āṇā):
oblique infinitive

second-person singular polite future subjunctive

inflection of آݨا (āṇā):
third-person plural future subjunctive


سنی

pa-verb form

سُݨی • (suṇī)

سُݨݨا سننا#Punjabi

inflection of سُݨݨا (suṇṇā):
feminine singular perfective participle

سُݨݨا سننا#Punjabi

inflection of سُݨݨا (suṇṇā):
feminine singular indicative perfective


آسمان

pa-noun

آسمان • (āsmān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਆਸਮਾਨ)

Borrowed from Classical Persian آسْمَان (āsmān).


ویلا

pa-noun

ویلا • (velā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਵੇਲ਼ਾ or ਵੇਲਾ)

velā (romanization)
ਵੇਲ਼ਾ (Gurmukhi)
ਵੇਲਾ (Gurmukhi)
ویلا (direct singular)
ویلے (direct plural)
ویلے (oblique singular)
ویلیْاں (oblique plural)
ویلیْا (singular vocative)
ویلیو (plural vocative)
ویلیوں (ablative singular)
ویلیْاں (ablative plural)
ویلِیں (locative plural)
ویلے (instrumental singular)

ویہلا (vehlā)

Inherited from Apabhramsa वेला (velā), from Prakrit 𑀯𑁂𑀮𑀸 (velā), from Sanskrit वेला॑ (vélā).

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vḗlā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 702: “P. vel f. 'length of an animal', velā, be° m. 'time' (ber f. 'time' ← H.), bhaṭ. us wēḷē 'then', ik bērī 'once'”

ایس ویلے ہی آ!


شیطان

pa-adj

شَیطان • (śait̤ān) (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ)

شَیطان (canonical)
śait̤ān (romanization)
ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian شَیْطان (šaytān), from Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān).

der

Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān)


شیطان

pa-noun

شَیطان • (śait̤ān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ)

der

Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān)


شیطان

Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān)


رب

رَبّ (canonical)
rabb (romanization)
ਰੱਬ (Gurmukhi)
رَبّ (direct singular)
رَبّ (direct plural)
رَبّ (oblique singular)
رَبّاں (oblique plural)
رَبّا (singular vocative)
رَبّو (plural vocative)
رَبّوں (ablative singular)
رَبّاں (ablative plural)
رَبّے (locative singular)
رَبِّیں (locative plural)
رَبّوں (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Classical Persian رب (rabb), from Arabic رَبّ (rabb).


صفت

pa-noun

صفت • (sifat) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਿਫ਼ਤ)

Borrowed from Classical Persian صفت (sifat), Arabic صِفَة (ṣifa).


شہید

pa-noun

شَہِید • (śahīd) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ਹੀਦ)

شَہِید (canonical)
śahīd (romanization)
ਸ਼ਹੀਦ (Gurmukhi)

Etymology tree
Arabic شَهِدَ (šahida)
Arabic شَهِيد (šahīd)bor.
Classical Persian شَهِید (šahīd)bor.
Punjabi شَہِید (śahīd)
Borrowed from Classical Persian شَهِید (šahīd), borrowed from Arabic شَهِيد (šahīd), from شَهِدَ (šahida).

etymon

شَہِید


شہید

شَہِید


عینک

pa-noun

عَیݨََک • (ʻaiṇāk) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਐਣਕ or ਐਨਕ)

عَیݨََک (canonical)
ʻaiṇāk (romanization)
ਐਣਕ (Gurmukhi)
ਐਨਕ (Gurmukhi)
عَیݨَک (direct singular)
عَیݨَکاں (direct plural)
عَیݨَک (oblique singular)
عَیݨَکاں (oblique plural)
عَیݨَکے (singular vocative)
عَیݨَکو (plural vocative)
عَیݨَکوں (ablative singular)
عَیݨَکاں (ablative plural)
عَیݨَکی (locative singular)
عَیݨَکِیں (locative plural)
عَیݨَکِیں (instrumental singular)
عَیݨَکے (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Classical Persian عَیْنَک (aynak).


سیاسی

pa-adj

سِیْاسِی • (siyāsī) (indeclinable, Gurmukhi spelling ਸਿਆਸੀ)

سِیْاسِی (canonical)
siyāsī (romanization)
ਸਿਆਸੀ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian سِیَاسِی (siyāsī), from Arabic سِيَاسِيّ (siyāsiyy).


راج

rāj (romanization)
ਰਾਜ (Gurmukhi)
راج (direct singular)
راج (direct plural)
راج (oblique singular)
راجاں (oblique plural)
راجا (singular vocative)
راجو (plural vocative)
راجوں (ablative singular)
راجاں (ablative plural)
راجے (locative singular)
راجِیں (locative plural)
راجوں (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀭𑀚𑁆𑀚 (rajja), from Sanskrit राज्य (rājya, “royalty, kingdom, realm”).


شکریہ

pa-interj

شُکْرِیَہ • (śukriyah) (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ੁਕਰੀਆ)

شُکْرِیَہ (canonical)
śukriyah (romanization)
ਸ਼ੁਕਰੀਆ (Gurmukhi)

LL-Q58635 (pan)-Usmaan (Middle river exports)-ਸ਼ੁਕਰਿਆ.wav

An Indo-Aryan innovation, derived from Arabic شُكْر (šukr, “thankfulness, gratitude”, the verbal noun of شَكَرَ (šakara, “to thank”)) + ـِيَّة (-iyya). Compare Bengali শুকরিয়া (śukriẏa), Dhivehi ޝުކުރިއްޔާ (šukuriyyā), Hindi शुक्रिया (śukriyā)/Urdu شُکْرِیَہ (śukriya) (see Arabic شُكْر (šukr) for all cognates).
Not borrowed from Arabic شُكْرِيَّة (šukriyya) nor from Persian شکریه (šokriyye), which don't have such meanings.

der

the verbal noun of <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar">شَكَرَ</i> (šakara, “to thank”)


لاش

lāś (romanization)
ਲਾਸ਼ (Gurmukhi)
لاش (direct singular)
لاشاں (direct plural)
لاش (oblique singular)
لاشاں (oblique plural)
لاشے (singular vocative)
لاشو (plural vocative)
لاشوں (ablative singular)
لاشاں (ablative plural)
لاشی (locative singular)
لاشِیں (locative plural)
لاشِیں (instrumental singular)
لاشے (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Classical Persian لَاش (lāš).


اقتصادی

pa-adj

اِقْتِصادِی • (īqtiṣādī) (Gurmukhi spelling ਇਕਤਿਸਾਦੀ)

اِقْتِصادِی (canonical)
īqtiṣādī (romanization)
ਇਕਤਿਸਾਦੀ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian اِقْتِصَادِی (iqtisādī), from Arabic اِقْتِصَادِيّ (iqtiṣādiyy). By surface analysis, اِقْتِصاد (īqtiṣād, “economy”) + ـِی (-ī).

bor+

اِقْتِصَادِی

der

اِقْتِصَادِيّ


شبنم

pa-noun

شَبْنَم • (śabnam) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ਬਨਮ)

شَبْنَم (canonical)
śabnam (romanization)
ਸ਼ਬਨਮ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian شبنم (šabnam).


تارا

pa-noun

تَارا • (tārā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਤਾਰਾ)

تَارا (canonical)
tārā (romanization)
ਤਾਰਾ (Gurmukhi)
تَارا (direct singular)
تَارے (direct plural)
تَارے (oblique singular)
تَاریْاں (oblique plural)
تَاریْا (singular vocative)
تَاریو (plural vocative)
تَاریوں (ablative singular)
تَاریْاں (ablative plural)
تَارِیں (locative plural)
تَارے (instrumental singular)
تارَہ (alternative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit तारा (tārā), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hstar-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Doublet of ستارہ (sitārā).

(astrology) destiny (that is influenced by a planet)

(figuratively) something that appears small due to the distance


نم

نِمّ • (nimm) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਨਿੰਮ)

نِمّ (canonical)
nimm (romanization)
ਨਿੰਮ (Gurmukhi)
نِمّ (direct singular)
نِمّ (direct plural)
نِمّ (oblique singular)
نِمّاں (oblique plural)
نِمّا (singular vocative)
نِمّو (plural vocative)
نِمّوں (ablative singular)
نِمّاں (ablative plural)
نِمّے (locative singular)
نِمِّیں (locative plural)
نِمّوں (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀡𑀺𑀁𑀩 (ṇiṃba), from Sanskrit निम्ब (nímba).

Azadirachta indica
Azadirachta indica#Translingual

Azadirachta indica; neem or margosa tree


تیز

Borrowed from Classical Persian تیز (tēz).

bor+

(depending on context) fast, rapid, clever, hot, fiery


پیر

پَیر (canonical)
pair (romanization)
ਪੈਰ (Gurmukhi)
پَیر (direct singular)
پَیر (direct plural)
پَیر (oblique singular)
پَیراں (oblique plural)
پَیرا (singular vocative)
پَیرو (plural vocative)
پَیروں (ablative singular)
پَیراں (ablative plural)
پَیرے (locative singular)
پَیرِیں (locative plural)
پَیروں (instrumental singular)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀧𑀬 (paya) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀭- (-ra-), from Sanskrit पद (pada, “foot”).

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “padara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press


پیر

پِیر (canonical)
pīr (romanization)
ਪੀਰ (Gurmukhi)
پِیر (direct singular)
پِیر (direct plural)
پِیر (oblique singular)
پِیراں (oblique plural)
پِیرا (singular vocative)
پِیرو (plural vocative)
پِیروں (ablative singular)
پِیراں (ablative plural)
پِیرے (locative singular)
پِیرِیں (locative plural)
پِیروں (instrumental singular)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pelHusós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *parHušás
Classical Persian پِیر (pīr)bor.
Classical Persian پِیر (pīr)bor.
Urdu پِیر (pīr)bor.
Punjabi پِیر (pīr) Borrowed from Classical Persian پِیر (pīr). Sense 3 is a semantic loan from Urdu پِیر (pīr, “Monday”).

etymon

پِیر

semantic loan

سومْوَار سوموار#Punjabi

(uncommon) Monday – synonym of سومْوَار (somvār)


ساحلی

pa-adj

ساحِلِی • (sāḥilī) (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਾਹਿਲੀ)

ساحِلِی (canonical)
sāḥilī (romanization)
ਸਾਹਿਲੀ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian سَاحِلِی (sāhilī). By surface analysis, ساحِل (sāḥil, “coast”) + ـی (-ī).


شاہ

śāh (romanization)
ਸ਼ਾਹ (Gurmukhi)
شاہ (direct singular)
شاہ (direct plural)
شاہ (oblique singular)
شاہاں (oblique plural)
شاہا (singular vocative)
شاہو (plural vocative)
شاہوں (ablative singular)
شاہاں (ablative plural)
شاہے (locative singular)
شاہِیں (locative plural)
شاہوں (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Classical Persian شَاه (šāh).


عمان

pa-proper noun

عُمان • (ʻumān) ? (Gurmukhi spelling ਉਮਾਨ)

عُمان (canonical)
ʻumān (romanization)
ਉਮਾਨ (Gurmukhi)

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


عمان

عَمّان • (ʻammān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਅੱਮਾਨ)

عَمّان (canonical)
ʻammān (romanization)
ਅੱਮਾਨ (Gurmukhi)


دی

direct/oblique feminine singular of دا (dā)


حیات

pa-noun

حیات • (hayāt) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਹਯਾਤ)

Borrowed from Classical Persian حیات (hayāt), from Arabic حَيَاة (ḥayāh).


حیاتی

pa-noun

حَیَاتی • (hayātī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਹਯਾਤੀ)

حَیَاتی (canonical)
hayātī (romanization)
ਹਯਾਤੀ (Gurmukhi)
حَیَاتی (direct singular)
حَیَاتِیاں (direct plural)
حَیَاتی (oblique singular)
حَیَاتِیاں (oblique plural)
حَیَاتِیے (singular vocative)
حَیَاتِیو (plural vocative)
حَیَاتِیوں (ablative singular)
حَیَاتِیاں (ablative plural)

suffix

حَیَات + ـی (-y)


ਬਿੱਲੀ

pa-noun

ਬਿੱਲੀ • (billī) f (masculine ਬਿੱਲਾ, Shahmukhi spelling بِلّی)

billī (romanization)
ਬਿੱਲਾ (masculine)
بِلّی (Shahmukhi)

From Sanskrit बिदालिका (bidālikā), a diminutive form of Sanskrit बिडाल (biḍāla, “cat”).


ਬਿੱਲੀ

pa-adj

ਬਿੱਲੀ • (billī) (Shahmukhi spelling بِلّی)


ہفتہ

pa-noun

ہَفْتَہ • (hafta) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਹਫ਼ਤਾ)

ہَفْتَہ (canonical)
hafta (romanization)
ਹਫ਼ਤਾ (Gurmukhi)
ہَفْتَہ (direct singular)
ہَفْتے (direct plural)
ہَفْتے (oblique singular)
ہَفْتیاں (oblique plural)
ہَفْتیا (singular vocative)
ہَفْتیوْ (plural vocative)
ہَفْتیوْں (ablative singular)
ہَفْتے (locative singular)
ہَفْتِیْں (locative plural)
ہَفْتے (instrumental singular)
ہَفْتِیْں (instrumental plural)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥
Proto-Indo-Iranian *saptá
Proto-Iranian *haptá
Middle Persian hp̄t'
Persian هَفْت
Proto-Iranian *-a-
Proto-Iranian *-kah
Proto-Iranian *-akah
Persian ـه
Classical Persian هَفْتَه (hafta)bor.
Punjabi ہَفْتَہ (haftah)
Borrowed from Classical Persian هَفْتَه (hafta). Doublet of سَپْتاہ (saptāh).

etymon

ہَفْتَہ


سپتاہ

pa-noun

سَپْتاہ • (saptāh) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਪਤਾਹ)

سَپْتاہ (canonical)
saptāh (romanization)
ਸਪਤਾਹ (Gurmukhi)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सप्ताह (saptāha).


ترکستان

pa-proper noun

تُرکِستان • (turkistān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਤੁਰਕਿਸਤਾਨ)

تُرکِستان (canonical)
turkistān (romanization)
ਤੁਰਕਿਸਤਾਨ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian ترکستان (turkistān).


یتیم

pa-noun

یَتِیم • (yatīm) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਯਤੀਮ)

یَتِیم (canonical)
yatīm (romanization)
ਯਤੀਮ (Gurmukhi)


یاد

یَاد (canonical)
yād (romanization)
ਯਾਦ (Gurmukhi)
یَاد (direct singular)
یَاداں (direct plural)
یَاد (oblique singular)
یَاداں (oblique plural)
یَادے (singular vocative)
یَادو (plural vocative)
یَادوں (ablative singular)
یَاداں (ablative plural)
یَادی (locative singular)
یَادِیں (locative plural)
یَادِیں (instrumental singular)
یَادے (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Classical Persian یَاد (yād).

bor+

memory (ie. recall, recollection of a past event)


اچار

pa-noun

اَچار • (acār) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਅਚਾਰ)

اَچار (canonical)
acār (romanization)
ਅਚਾਰ (Gurmukhi)
اَچار (direct singular)
اَچار (direct plural)
اَچار (oblique singular)
اَچاراں (oblique plural)
اَچارا (singular vocative)
اَچارو (plural vocative)
اَچاروں (ablative singular)
اَچاراں (ablative plural)
اَچارے (locative singular)
اَچارِیں (locative plural)
اَچاروں (instrumental singular)

Borrowed from Classical Persian آچار (āčār).


تعریف

pa-noun

تَعْرِیف • (taʻrīf) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਤਾਰੀਫ਼)

تَعْرِیف (canonical)
taʻrīf (romanization)
ਤਾਰੀਫ਼ (Gurmukhi)
تَعْرِیف (direct singular)
تَعْرِیفاں (direct plural)
تَعْرِیف (oblique singular)
تَعْرِیفاں (oblique plural)
تَعْرِیفے (singular vocative)
تَعْرِیفو (plural vocative)
تَعْرِیفوں (ablative singular)
تَعْرِیفاں (ablative plural)
تَعْرِیفی (locative singular)
تَعْرِیفِیں (locative plural)
تَعْرِیفِیں (instrumental singular)
تَعْرِیفے (instrumental plural)

[tə̆˩˥.ɾiːfᵊ]

Etymology tree
Arabic عَرَّفَ (ʕarrafa)
Arabic تَعْرِيف (taʕrīf)bor.
Classical Persian تَعْرِیف (ta'rīf)bor.
Punjabi تَعْرِیف (taʻrīf)
Borrowed from Classical Persian تَعْرِیف (ta'rīf), borrowed from Arabic تَعْرِيف (taʕrīf), from عَرَّفَ (ʕarrafa).

etymon

تَعْرِیف


موم

Borrowed from Classical Persian موم (môm).


وتر

pa-noun

وَتَّر • (vattar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਵੱਤਰ)

وَتَّر (canonical)
vattar (romanization)
ਵੱਤਰ (Gurmukhi)
وَتَّر (direct singular)
وَتَّر (direct plural)
وَتَّر (oblique singular)
وَتَّراں (oblique plural)
وَتَّرا (singular vocative)
وَتَّرو (plural vocative)
وَتَّروں (ablative singular)
وَتَّراں (ablative plural)
وَتَّرے (locative singular)
وَتَّرِیں (locative plural)
وَتَّروں (instrumental singular)

/ʋət̪.t̪əɾᵊ/

Inherited from Sanskrit *वप्त्र (vaptra).

inh+

moist land (ie. soil that is fertile/suitable for farming)


شہد

pa-noun

شَہَد • (śahad) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ਹਿਦ)

شَہَد (canonical)
śahad (romanization)
ਸ਼ਹਿਦ (Gurmukhi)
شَہَد (direct singular)
شَہَد (direct plural)
شَہَد (oblique singular)
شَہَداں (oblique plural)
شَہَدا (singular vocative)
شَہَدو (plural vocative)
شَہَدوں (ablative singular)
شَہَداں (ablative plural)
شَہَدے (locative singular)
شَہَدِیں (locative plural)
شَہَدوں (instrumental singular)

Etymology tree
Arabic شَهْد (šahd)bor.
Classical Persian شَهْد (šahd)bor.
Punjabi شہد (śhd)
Borrowed from Classical Persian شَهْد (šahd), borrowed from Arabic شَهْد (šahd).


روزہ

pa-noun

روزہ • (rozā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਰੋਜ਼ਾ)

Borrowed from Classical Persian روزه (roza). First attested as Old Punjabi روزَہ (rozah).

bor+

(Islam) the fast during the month of Ramadan


ਭਾਪਾ

pa-noun

ਭਾਪਾ • (bhāpā) m (Shahmukhi spelling بھاپا)

A common title, and a form of address (meaning "brother") used for Sikh men who migrated from Peshawar, Pakistan to India after 1947.


لما

pa-adj

لَمّا • (lammā) (feminine لمى, Gurmukhi spelling ਲੰਮਾ)

لَمّا (canonical)
lammā (romanization)
لمى (feminine)
ਲੰਮਾ (Gurmukhi)
لَمّا (direct masculine singular)
لَمّے (direct masculine plural)
لَمّی (direct feminine singular)
لَمِّیاں (direct feminine plural)
لَمّے (masculine oblique singular)
لَمّیاں (masculine oblique plural)
لَمّی (feminine oblique singular)
لَمِّیاں (feminine oblique plural)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀮𑀁𑀩 (laṃba), from Sanskrit लम्ब (lamba). Compare Urdu لمبا / Hindi लम्बा (lambā).


پنجابی

پَن٘جابِی • (paṉjābī) (indeclinable, Gurmukhi spelling ਪੰਜਾਬੀ)

پَن٘جابِی (canonical)
paṉjābī (romanization)
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Gurmukhi)

From پنجاب (pañjāb) + ـی (-ī, adjectival suffix).


پنجابی

pa-noun

پَن٘جابِی • (paṉjābī) f (indeclinable, Gurmukhi spelling ਪੰਜਾਬੀ)