ਤਾਜ ਮਹਿਲ

pa-proper noun

ਤਾਜ ਮਹਿਲ • (tāj mahil) m (Shahmukhi spelling تاج محل)

tāj mahil (romanization)
تاج محل (Shahmukhi)

/t̪äːd͡ʒə̆‿mɛː˦lə̆/

Taj Mahal (a monument in Agra, India, constructed between 1631 and 1654, considered one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in the world)


ਚੰਡੀਗੜ੍ਹ

ਚੰਡੀਗੜ੍ਹ • (caṇḍīgaṛh) m (Shahmukhi spelling چنڈی گڑھ)

caṇḍīgaṛh (romanization)
چنڈی گڑھ (Shahmukhi)

[t͡ʃən.ɖiː.ɡəɽʱ]

Pa-ਚੰਡੀਗੜ੍ਹ.oga

Borrowed from Hindi चंडीगढ़ (caṇḍīgaṛh).

Chandigarh (a city and union territory in northern India, located between Punjab and Haryana; the capital city of Haryana and Punjab)


پنجاب

پنجاب • (pañjāb) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਪੰਜਾਬ)

/pənˈd͡ʒäːb/

Borrowed from Classical Persian پنجاب (panjāb).

bor+

پنج دریا اس دیش دے، تاہیؤں کہن پنجاب۔ راوی، ستلج، بیاس جی، جہلم اتے چناب۔
pañj dariā es desh de, tāhīũ kahiṇ pañjāb. rāvī, satluj, biās jī, jehlam ate chanāb.

Babu Rajab Ali, Anokha Rajab Ali compiled by Dr. Atam Hamrahi page 101

Five rivers of this region, reason it is called Punjab. Ravi, Satluj, Bias, Jhelum and Chenab.

Punjab (a geographical region in South Asia, politically divided between India and Pakistan)


ਮੁੰਬਈ

Mumbai (a megacity, the capital of Maharashtra, India)


کرناٹک

pa-proper noun

کرناٹک • (karnāṭaka) ? (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਰਨਾਟਕ)

karnāṭaka (romanization)
ਕਰਨਾਟਕ (Gurmukhi)


ਪੰਜਾਬ

ਪੰਜਾਬ • (pañjāb) m (Shahmukhi spelling پنجاب)

/pənˈd͡ʒäːb/

Borrowed from Classical Persian پنجاب (panj-āb, literally “[Land of] the Five Rivers”), from پنج (panj, “five”) and آب (āb, “water”), referring to five rivers of the Punjab region: the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Sutlej and the Beas. The Persian term is based on Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”), from पञ्च (pañca, “five”) and नद (nada, “river”).

der

Babu Rajab Ali, Anokha Rajab Ali compiled by Dr. Atam Hamrahi page 101−
ਪੰਜ ਦਰਿਆ ਇਸ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ, ਤਾਹੀਉਂ ਕਹਿਣ ਪੰਜਾਬ। ਰਾਵੀ, ਸਤਲੁਜ, ਬਿਆਸ ਜੀ, ਜਿਹਲਮ ਅਤੇ ਚਨਾਬ।
pañj dariā es desh de, tāhīũ kahiṇ pañjāb. rāvī, satluj, biās jī, jehlam ate chanāb.
Five rivers of this region, reason it is called Punjab. Ravi, Satluj, Bias, Jhelum and Chenab.


ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਸਰ

pa-proper noun

ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਸਰ • (ammritsar) m (Shahmukhi spelling امرتسر)

ammritsar (romanization)
امرتسر (Shahmukhi)

ਅੰ ਮ੍ਰਿ ਤ ਸ ਰ


ਦਿੱਲੀ

ਦਿੱਲੀ • (dillī) f (Shahmukhi spelling دِلّی)

ਦਿੱਲੀ ਦਾ ਨਖ਼ਰਾ ਆ
ਸਟਾਇਲ ਉਹਦਾ ਵੱਖਰਾ ਆ
ਬੰਬਈ ਦੀ ਗਰਮੀ ਵਾਂਗ
ਨੇਚਰ ਉਹਦਾ ਅੱਥਰਾ ਆ

2017, “Lahore (song)”, Guru Randhawa (lyrics), Guru Randhawa, Vee Music (music), performed by Guru Randhawa:

[She] has the mannerisms of [a] Delhi [girl]
Her style is different
Like the heat of Bombay
Her nature is unpredictable

dillī dā naxrā ā
saṭāil uhdā vakkhrā ā
bambaī dī garmī vāṅg
necar uhdā atthrā ā

Delhi (a megacity and union territory of India, containing the national capital New Delhi)


ਜਲੰਧਰ

Inherited from Old Punjabi ਜਾਲੰਧਰ (jālandhara).


ਜੇਹਲਮ

pa-proper noun

ਜੇਹਲਮ • (jehlam) m (Shahmukhi spelling جہلم)

ਪੰਜ ਦਰਿਆ ਇਸ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ, ਤਾਹੀਉਂ ਕਹਿਣ ਪੰਜਾਬ. ਰਾਵੀ, ਸਤਲੁਜ, ਬਿਆਸ ਜੀ, ਜਿਹਲਮ ਅਤੇ ਚਨਾਬ.
pañj dariā isa deś de, tāhīũ kahiṇ pañjāba. rāvī, satluja, biāsa jī, jihlam ate canāba.

Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir#English

Jhelum (a river in Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir)


ਰਾਵੀ

ਰਾਵੀ • (rāvī) f (Shahmukhi spelling راوی)

Babu Rajab Ali, Anokha Rajab Ali compiled by Dr. Atam Hamrahi page 101
ਪੰਜ ਦਰਿਆ ਇਸ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ, ਤਾਹੀਉਂ ਕਹਿਣ ਪੰਜਾਬ. ਰਾਵੀ, ਸਤਲੁਜ, ਬਿਆਸ ਜੀ, ਜਿਹਲਮ ਅਤੇ ਚਨਾਬ.
pañj dariā isa deś de, tāhīũ kahiṇ pañjāba. rāvī, satluja, biāsa jī, jihlam ate canāba.
Five rivers of this region, reason it is called Punjab. Ravi, Satluj, Bias, Jhelum and Chenab.

Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh#English

A river of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh in India and Punjab in Pakistan


ਸਤਲੁਜ

ਸਤਲੁਜ • (satluj) m (Shahmukhi spelling ستلج)

a river in Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Tibet


ਬਿਆਸ

ਬਿਆਸ • (biāsa) m (Shahmukhi spelling بیاس)

Beas (A river of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh)


ਚਨਾਬ

ਚਨਾਬ • (canāb) m (Shahmukhi spelling چناب)

canāb (romanization)
چناب (Shahmukhi)
ਝਨਾਂ (alternative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *čandrás
Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás
Sanskrit भाग (bhāga)
Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā)bor.
Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb)bor.
Punjabi ਚਨਾਬ (canāb)
Borrowed from Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb), borrowed from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga).

etymon

ਪੰਜ ਦਰਿਆ ਇਸ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ, ਤਾਹੀਉਂ ਕਹਿਣ ਪੰਜਾਬ. ਰਾਵੀ, ਸਤਲੁਜ, ਬਿਆਸ ਜੀ, ਜਿਹਲਮ ਅਤੇ ਚਨਾਬ.
pañj dariā isa deś de, tāhīũ kahiṇ pañjāba. rāvī, satluja, biāsa jī, jihlam ate canāb.

a river in Punjab, Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh


لداخ

pa-proper noun

لَدّاخ • (laddāx) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਲੱਦਾਖ਼)

لَدّاخ (canonical)
laddāx (romanization)
ਲੱਦਾਖ਼ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian لداخ (ladāx), from Tibetan ལ་དྭགས (la dwags).


بیاس

pa-proper noun

بیاس • (beyās) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਬਿਆਸ)

Beas (A river of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab in northern India, rising in the Himalayas and emptying into the Sutlej)


سری نگر

سَری نَگَر • (sarī nagar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਰੀਨਗਰ)

سَری نَگَر (canonical)
sarī nagar (romanization)
ਸਰੀਨਗਰ (Gurmukhi)

قائدِ اعظم نعریاں دے شور وچ سری نگر نُوں ٹُر پئے

1986, Kanval Mushtaq, چونویں انشائیے [Chonven̲ inshāʼiye], Lahore, →OCLC, page 187:

The Prime Minister left for Srinagar in the midst of the noise of slogans

Srinagar (a city and district, the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir, India)


بنگالی

بَنگالِی • (bangālī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਬੰਗਾਲੀ)

بَنگالِی (canonical)
bangālī (romanization)
ਬੰਗਾਲੀ (Gurmukhi)

/bə̃ŋ.ɡäː.liː/

Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Andaman and Nicobar Islands#English

a village in Nancowry, Nicobar district, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India


راوی

راوی • (rāvī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਰਾਵੀ)

→ Urdu: راوی (rāvī)

Inherited from Sanskrit इरावती (irāvatī).

inh+

Ravi (a river in Punjab, Pakistan and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the state of Himachal Pradesh in India)


جھناں

pa-proper noun

جَھناں • (jhanāṉ) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਝਨਾਂ or ਚਨਾਬ)

جَھناں (canonical)
jhanāṉ (romanization)
ਝਨਾਂ (Gurmukhi)
ਚਨਾਬ (Gurmukhi)
چَنھاں (alternative)
چَنہاں (alternative)

/ˈt͡ʃə˨.nä̃ː˦/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *čandrás
Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás
Sanskrit भाग (bhāga)
Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā)
Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤𑀪𑀸𑀕𑀸 (caṃdabhāgā)
Punjabi جَھناں (jhanāṉ)
From Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤𑀪𑀸𑀕𑀸 (caṃdabhāgā), from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga). Compare Saraiki چَنان٘ہہ (canāṉh) and Hindustani چَنَاب (canāb) / चनाब (canāb).

etymon

جَھناں

وگے لہراں لیندا راوی ٹھاٹھاں مارے جھناں

a. 1973, فقیر محمّد فقیر [fqer mḥmmd fqer, Faqir Muhammad Faqir], میرا دیس امیر [merā des amīr], quoted in لعلاں دی پنڈ [Laʻlān dī pinḍ], Lahore: Aziz Depot, archived from the original on 2023-03-29, page 375:

تے جھناں دا پانی ایڈا چڑھیا ہوندا اے کہ پاراوار کجھ نظر نہیں آؤندا

2001, شبنم اسحاق [Shabnam Isḥāq], سوہنی مہینوال [Sohṇī Mahīnvāl], Lahore: حیدر پبلیکیشنز [ḥedr pblekīśnz, Haider Publications], →OCLC, page 135:

And the Chenab waters rise so much, that nothing beyond the limit can be visible

تاریخ دے کسے موڑ اُتے راوی تے جھناں دے وِچکار لے علاقے وِچ

2005, میر تنہا یوسفی [Mīr Tanhā Yūsufī], کالا چانن [Kālā cānaṇ], Lahore: Institute of Punjabi Language and Culture, →OCLC, page 25:

At some point in history, the areas between Ravi and Chenab

Chenab (a river in Punjab, Pakistan and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the state of Himachal Pradesh in India)


ਛੱਤੀਸਗੜ੍ਹ

pa-proper noun

ਛੱਤੀਸਗੜ੍ਹ • (chattīsgaṛh) ? (Shahmukhi spelling چھتیس گڑھ)

chattīsgaṛh (romanization)
چھتیس گڑھ (Shahmukhi)

/t͡ʃʰət̪.t̪iː.sə.ɡə.ɽʱə/

[t͡ʃʰət̪.t̪iː.sə̆.ɡə.ɽʱə̆]

Pa-ਛੱਤੀਸਗੜ੍ਹ.oga

ਛੱ ਤੀ ਸ ਗ ੜ੍ਹ


ਆਂਧਰਾ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼

آندھَرَ پرَدیشَ

ਆਂਧਰਾ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼ • (Āndharā pradēśa) m (Shahmukhi spelling آندھَرَ پرَدیشَ)

Āndharā pradēśa (romanization)
آندھَرَ پرَدیشَ (Shahmukhi)

[äːn˦.t̪ə̆.ɾäː‿prə˦.deː.ʃə̆]

Borrowed from Hindi आंध्र प्रदेश (āndhra pradeś)

bor

आंध्र प्रदेश

Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh#English:_Q1159

Andhra Pradesh (a state in southeastern India, where Telugu is the primary language)


ਅਰੁਣਾਚਲ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼

pa-proper noun

اَرُݨَاچَل پرَدیش

ਅਰੁਣਾਚਲ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼ • (aruṇācal pradeś) ? (Shahmukhi spelling اَرُݨَاچَل پرَدیش)

aruṇācal pradeś (romanization)
اَرُݨَاچَل پرَدیش (Shahmukhi)

[ə.ɾu.ɳäː.t͡ʃəl‿pɾə.deːʃ]

ਅ ਰੁ ਣਾ ਚਲ ਪ੍ਰ ਦੇਸ਼

Borrowed from Hindi अरुणाचल प्रदेश (aruṇācal pradeś)

bor

अरुणाचल प्रदेश

Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh#English


ਅਸਾਮ

pa-proper noun

ਅਸਾਮ • (asām) ? (Shahmukhi spelling اَسَام)


ਬਿਹਾਰ

ਬਿਹਾਰ • (bihār) ? (Shahmukhi spelling بِحَارَ)

bihār (romanization)
بِحَارَ (Shahmukhi)

[bi.ɦäː.ɾə̆]


ਦੁਆਬਾ

ਦੁਆਬਾ • (duābā) m

duābā (romanization)
ਦੋਆਬ (alternative)
ਦੋਆਬਾ (alternative)

From Classical Persian دو آب (dō-āb, “two waters”).


ਪਟਿਆਲਾ

pa-proper noun

ਪਟਿਆਲਾ • (paṭiālā) m


ਗੋਵਾ

ਗੋਵਾ • (govā) ? (Shahmukhi spelling گوَا)

Borrowed from Hindi गोवा (govā), from Konkani गोंय (goiya)


ਗੁਜਰਾਤ

ਗੁਜਰਾਤ • (gujrāt) m (Shahmukhi spelling گُجرَات)

gujrāt (romanization)
گُجرَات (Shahmukhi)

[ɡu.d͡ʒə̆.ɾäː.t̪ə̆]

Borrowed from Hindi गुजरात (gujrāt), from Gujarati ગુજરાત (gujrāt)


ਹਰਿਆਣਾ

ਹਰਿਆਣਾ • (hariāṇā) ? (Shahmukhi spelling حَرِآݨَا)

hariāṇā (romanization)
حَرِآݨَا (Shahmukhi)

[hə.ɾɪ.äː.ɳäː]

Borrowed from Hindi हरियाणा (hariyāṇā, “Haryana”)


ਹਿਮਾਚਲ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼

حِمَچَال پرَدیش

ਹਿਮਾਚਲ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼ • (himācal prdeś) ? (Shahmukhi spelling حِمَچَال پرَدیش)

himācal prdeś (romanization)
حِمَچَال پرَدیش (Shahmukhi)

/ɦɪ.maː.t͡ʃə.lə̆‿pɾə.d̪eː.ʃə̆/

[ɦɪ.mäː.t͡ʃə.lə̆‿pɾə.d̪eː.ʃə̆]

ਹਿ ਮਾ ਚ ਲ ਪ੍ਰ ਦੇ ਸ਼

Borrowed from Hindi हिमाचल प्रदेश (himācal pradeś)

bor

हिमाचल प्रदेश

Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh#English:_Q1177

Himachal Pradesh (a state in northern India)


ਜੰਮੂ ਅਤੇ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ

pa-proper noun

جَمُّو اَتے کَشمِیر

ਜੰਮੂ ਅਤੇ ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ • (jammū ate kaśmīr) ? (Shahmukhi spelling جَمُّو اَتے کَشمِیر)

jammū ate kaśmīr (romanization)
جَمُّو اَتے کَشمِیر (Shahmukhi)

[d͡ʒəm.muː‿ə.t̪eː‿kə.ʃə̆.miː.ɾə̆]

ਜੰ ਮੂ ਅ ਤੇ ਕ ਸ਼ ਮੀ ਰ

Calque of Hindi जम्मू और कश्मीर (jammū aur kaśmīr)

calque

जम्मू और कश्मीर

Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir#English:_Q66278313

Jammu and Kashmir (a union territory of India)


ਝਾਰਖੰਡ

pa-proper noun

ਝਾਰਖੰਡ • (jhārkhaṇḍ) ? (Shahmukhi spelling جھَارکھَݨڈ)

jhārkhaṇḍ (romanization)
جھَارکھَݨڈ (Shahmukhi)

/t͡ʃaː˨.ɾə.kʰəɳ.ɖə/

[t͡ʃäː˨.ɾə̆.kʰəɳ.ɖə̆]


ਕਰਨਾਟਕ

ਕਰਨਾਟਕ • (karnāṭak) ? (Shahmukhi spelling کَرنَاٹَکَ)

karnāṭak (romanization)
کَرنَاٹَکَ (Shahmukhi)

[kə.ɾə̆.näː.ʈə.kə̆]

Borrowed from Kannada ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ (karnāṭaka)


ਕੇਰਲਾ

ਕੇਰਲਾ • (kerlā) ? (Shahmukhi spelling کیرَلَ)


ਮੱਧ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼

مَدّھ پرَدیش

ਮੱਧ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼ • (maddha pradeś) m (Shahmukhi spelling مَدّھ پرَدیش)

maddha pradeś (romanization)
مَدّھ پرَدیش (Shahmukhi)

/mə́d̪.d̪ə‿pɾə.d̪eː.ʃᵊ/

[məd̪˦.d̪ə̆‿pɾə.d̪eː.ʃᵊ]

ਮੱ ਧ ਪ੍ਰ ਦੇ ਸ਼

Calque of Hindi मध्य प्रदेश (madhya pradeś)

calque

Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh#English:_Q1188

Madhya Pradesh (a state in central India)


ਮਨੀਪੁਰ

pa-proper noun

ਮਨੀਪੁਰ • (manīpur) ? (Shahmukhi spelling مَݨِیپُر)

manīpur (romanization)
مَݨِیپُر (Shahmukhi)

Borrowed from Urdu مَنی پُور (manī pūr).


ਮੇਘਾਲਿਆ

ਮੇਘਾਲਿਆ • (meghāliā) ? (Shahmukhi spelling میگھَالِآ)

meghāliā (romanization)
میگھَالِآ (Shahmukhi)

[meː˦.ɡäː.lɪ.äː]

Meghalaya (a state in northeastern India)


ਮਿਜ਼ੋਰਮ

ਮਿਜ਼ੋਰਮ • (mizoram) ? (Shahmukhi spelling مِزورَم)

mizoram (romanization)
مِزورَم (Shahmukhi)

Pa-ਮਿਜ਼ੋਰਮ.ogg

Borrowed from Hindi मिज़ोरम (mizoram), from Mizo Mizoram


ਨਾਗਾਲੈਂਡ

ਨਾਗਾਲੈਂਡ • (nāgālaiṇḍ) ? (Shahmukhi spelling نَاگَالَیݨڈ)

nāgālaiṇḍ (romanization)
نَاگَالَیݨڈ (Shahmukhi)

[näː.ɡäː.lɛːɳ.ɖə̆]

Borrowed from Hindi नागालैंड (nāgālaiṇḍ), from English Nagaland

bor

Hindi नागालैंड (nāgālaiṇḍ)

Nagaland (a state in northeastern India)


ਓੜੀਸਾ

pa-proper noun

ਓੜੀਸਾ • (oṛīsā) ? (Shahmukhi spelling اورِیسَا)

oṛīsā (romanization)
اورِیسَا (Shahmukhi)


ਰਾਜਸਥਾਨ

ਰਾਜਸਥਾਨ • (rājasthān) ? (Shahmukhi spelling رَاجَستَان)

rājasthān (romanization)
رَاجَستَان (Shahmukhi)

[ɾäː.d͡ʒə.sə̆.t̪äː.nə̆]

Borrowed from Hindi राजस्थान (rājasthān), from Marwari राजस्थान (rājasthān)

bor+

Rajasthan (a state in northwestern India, created in 1949 and replacing the former province of Rajputana)


ਸਿਕਿਮ

pa-proper noun

ਸਿਕਿਮ • (sikim) ? (Shahmukhi spelling سِکِم)

sikim (romanization)
سِکِم (Shahmukhi)
ਸਿੱਕਮ (alternative)

Borrowed from Hindi सिक्किम (sikkim), from Sikkimese སུ་ཁྱིམ (su khyim)

(historical) Sikkim (a former country in South Asia that existed from the 17th century until its annexation by India in 1975)


ਤਾਮਿਲ ਨਾਡੂ

تَامِل نَاڈُو

ਤਾਮਿਲ ਨਾਡੂ • (tāmil nāḍū) ? (Shahmukhi spelling تَامِل نَاڈُو)

tāmil nāḍū (romanization)
تَامِل نَاڈُو (Shahmukhi)

ਤਾ ਮਿ ਲ ਨਾ ਡੂ

Borrowed from Tamil தமிழ் நாடு (tamiḻ nāṭu)


ਤ੍ਰਿਪੁਰਾ

pa-proper noun

ਤ੍ਰਿਪੁਰਾ • (tripurā) ? (Shahmukhi spelling ترِپُرَا)

tripurā (romanization)
ترِپُرَا (Shahmukhi)

[t̪ɾɪ.pʊ.ɾäː]


ਉੱਤਰ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼

اُتَّر پرَدیش

ਉੱਤਰ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼ • (uttar pradeś) ? (Shahmukhi spelling اُتَّر پرَدیش)

uttar pradeś (romanization)
اُتَّر پرَدیش (Shahmukhi)

/ʊt̪.t̪ə.ɾə‿pɾə.d̪eː.ʃə/

[ʊt̪.t̪ə.ɾə̆‿pɾə.d̪eː.ʃə̆]

ਉੱ ਤ ਰ ਪ੍ਰ ਦੇ ਸ਼

Borrowed from Hindi उत्तर प्रदेश (uttar pradeś)

bor+

उत्तर प्रदेश

Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh#English:_Q1498

Uttar Pradesh (a state in northern India)


ਉੱਤਰਖੰਡ

pa-proper noun

اُتَّرَاکھَݨڈ

ਉੱਤਰਖੰਡ • (uttarkhaṇḍ) ? (Shahmukhi spelling اُتَّرَاکھَݨڈ)

uttarkhaṇḍ (romanization)
اُتَّرَاکھَݨڈ (Shahmukhi)

/ʊt̪.t̪ə.ɾə.kʰəɳ.ɖə/

[ʊt̪.t̪ə.ɾə̆.kʰəɳ.ɖə̆]

Borrowed from Hindi उत्तराखंड (uttarākhaṇḍ)

bor+

Uttarakhand (a state in northern India, created in 2000 by separation from Uttar Pradesh)


ਪੱਛਮੀ ਬੰਗਾਲ

pa-proper noun

پَچَّمِی بینگَل

ਪੱਛਮੀ ਬੰਗਾਲ • (pacchamī baṅgāl) ? (Shahmukhi spelling پَچَّمِی بینگَل)

pacchamī baṅgāl (romanization)
پَچَّمِی بینگَل (Shahmukhi)

[pət̚.t͡ʃə.miː‿beːŋ.ɡäː.lə̆]

Calque of Bengali পশ্চিম বঙ্গ (pościm boṅgo)


ਬਜਰਾ

/bə.d͡ʒə̆.ɾäː/

Bajra (a village in Jalandhar district, Punjab)


ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ

pa-proper noun

ਕਸ਼ਮੀਰ • (kaśmīr) m (Shahmukhi spelling کشمیر)

Kashmir (a contested geographic region of South Asia in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, located between (and de facto divided between) India, Pakistan and China)


ਹੈਦਰਾਬਾਦ

ਹੈਦਰਾਬਾਦ • (haidrābād) ? (Shahmukhi spelling حیدرآباد)

haidrābād (romanization)
حیدرآباد (Shahmukhi)

Hyderabad (the capital city of Telangana)


ਤੇਲੰਗਾਨਾ

ਤੇਲੰਗਾਨਾ • (telaṅgānā) ? (Shahmukhi spelling تیلنگاݨا)

telaṅgānā (romanization)
تیلنگاݨا (Shahmukhi)
ਤੇਲੰਗਾਣਾ (alternative)

Borrowed from Telugu తెలంగాణ (telaṅgāṇa).

bor+

Telangana (a state in south-central India, created in 2014 by separation from Andhra Pradesh)


مدھ پردیش

pa-proper noun

مدھ پردیش • (maddha pradeś) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਮੱਧ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼)

maddha pradeś (romanization)
ਮੱਧ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼ (Gurmukhi)

/mə́d̪.d̪ə‿pɾə.d̪eː.ʃᵊ/

[məd̪˦.d̪ə̆‿pɾə.d̪eː.ʃᵊ]

مَ دّھ پرَ دے ش

calque

Calque of Hindi मध्य प्रदेश (madhya pradeś)


ਲੁਧਿਆਣਾ

pa-proper noun

ਲੁਧਿਆਣਾ • (ludhiāṇā) m (Shahmukhi spelling لُدِھیاݨَہ)

ludhiāṇā (romanization)
لُدِھیاݨَہ (Shahmukhi)

→ Hindi: लुधियाना (ludhiyānā)

→ Urdu: لدھیانہ (ludhiyāna)

→ Odia: ଲୁଧିଆନା (ludhiānā)


ਮਾਝਾ

ਮਾਝਾ • (mā́jā) m (Shahmukhi spelling ماجھا)

mā́jā (romanization)
ماجھا (Shahmukhi)
ਮਾਝਾ (direct singular)
ਮਾਝੇ (direct plural)
ਮਾਝੇ (oblique singular)
ਮਾਝਿਆਂ (oblique plural)
ਮਾਝਿਆ (singular vocative)
ਮਾਝਿਓ (plural vocative)
ਮਾਝਿਓਂ (ablative singular)
ਮਾਝੇ (locative singular)
ਮਾਝੇ (instrumental singular)

From Sanskrit मध्य (madhya, “middle, centre”).

der

Majha (A region in central Punjab now split between India and Pakistan)


قادیاں

pa-proper noun

قادِیاں • (qādīyāṉ) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਾਦੀਆਂ)

قادِیاں (canonical)
qādīyāṉ (romanization)
ਕਾਦੀਆਂ (Gurmukhi)

Qadian (a town in Gurdaspur district, Punjab, India)


ਕੋਂਕਣ

ਕੋਂਕਣ • (koṅkaṇ) m

Konkan (a traditional region on the western coast of India.)


ਪੁਆਧ

ਪੁਆਧ • (puādha) ? (Shahmukhi spelling پوادھ)

→ English: Puadh, Poadh, Powadh

From ਪੂਰਵ (pūrav, “eastern”) + ਆੱਧ (āddha, “half”).


ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ

pa-proper noun

نَوِیں دِلّی

ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ • (navī̃ dillī) f (Shahmukhi spelling نَوِیں دِلّی)

navī̃ dillī (romanization)
نَوِیں دِلّی (Shahmukhi)

pa:ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ


ਬੰਬਈ

pa-prop

ਬੰਬਈ • (bambaī) f (Shahmukhi spelling بَمْبَئی)

bambaī (romanization)
بَمْبَئی (Shahmukhi)

Borrowed from Hindustani बंबई / بَمْبَئی (bambaī), from Portuguese Bombaim.

Bombay (former name of Mumbai, a megacity, the capital of Maharashtra, India)