ਨਦੀ

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit नदी (nadī). Doublet of native ਨੈਂ (naĩ).


ਦਰਿਆ

pa-noun

ਦਰਿਆ • (dariā) m (Shahmukhi spelling دریا)

Borrowed from Classical Persian دریا (daryā). Compare Hindi दर्या (daryā).


ਸਮੁੰਦਰ

pa-noun

ਸਮੁੰਦਰ • (samundar) m (Shahmukhi spelling سمندر)

samundar (romanization)
سمندر (Shahmukhi)


ਜੇਹਲਮ

pa-proper noun

ਜੇਹਲਮ • (jehlam) m (Shahmukhi spelling جہلم)

ਪੰਜ ਦਰਿਆ ਇਸ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ, ਤਾਹੀਉਂ ਕਹਿਣ ਪੰਜਾਬ. ਰਾਵੀ, ਸਤਲੁਜ, ਬਿਆਸ ਜੀ, ਜਿਹਲਮ ਅਤੇ ਚਨਾਬ.
pañj dariā isa deś de, tāhīũ kahiṇ pañjāba. rāvī, satluja, biāsa jī, jihlam ate canāba.

Babu Rajab Ali, Anokha Rajab Ali compiled by Dr. Atam Hamrahi page 101

Five rivers of this region, reason it is called Punjab. Ravi, Satluj, Bias, Jhelum and Chenab.

Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir#English

Jhelum (a river in Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir)


ਰਾਵੀ

ਰਾਵੀ • (rāvī) f (Shahmukhi spelling راوی)

Babu Rajab Ali, Anokha Rajab Ali compiled by Dr. Atam Hamrahi page 101
ਪੰਜ ਦਰਿਆ ਇਸ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ, ਤਾਹੀਉਂ ਕਹਿਣ ਪੰਜਾਬ. ਰਾਵੀ, ਸਤਲੁਜ, ਬਿਆਸ ਜੀ, ਜਿਹਲਮ ਅਤੇ ਚਨਾਬ.
pañj dariā isa deś de, tāhīũ kahiṇ pañjāba. rāvī, satluja, biāsa jī, jihlam ate canāba.
Five rivers of this region, reason it is called Punjab. Ravi, Satluj, Bias, Jhelum and Chenab.

Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh#English

A river of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh in India and Punjab in Pakistan


ਸਤਲੁਜ

ਸਤਲੁਜ • (satluj) m (Shahmukhi spelling ستلج)

A river in Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Tibet


ਬਿਆਸ

ਬਿਆਸ • (biāsa) m (Shahmukhi spelling بیاس)

Beas (A river of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh)


ਚਨਾਬ

ਚਨਾਬ • (canāb) m (Shahmukhi spelling چناب)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás
Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás
Sanskrit भाग (bhāga)
Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā)bor.
Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb)bor.
Punjabi ਚਨਾਬ (canāb)
Borrowed from Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb), borrowed from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga).

etymon

ਪੰਜ ਦਰਿਆ ਇਸ ਦੇਸ਼ ਦੇ, ਤਾਹੀਉਂ ਕਹਿਣ ਪੰਜਾਬ. ਰਾਵੀ, ਸਤਲੁਜ, ਬਿਆਸ ਜੀ, ਜਿਹਲਮ ਅਤੇ ਚਨਾਬ.
pañj dariā isa deś de, tāhīũ kahiṇ pañjāba. rāvī, satluja, biāsa jī, jihlam ate canāb.

A river in Punjab, Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh


ਖਾੜੀ

pa-noun

ਖਾੜੀ • (khāṛī) f (Shahmukhi spelling کھاڑی)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀔𑀸𑀟 (*khāḍa). Cognate with Hindi खाड़ी (khāṛī), Gujarati ખાડી (khāḍī), Bengali খাঁড়ি (khãṛi).


بیاس

pa-proper noun

بیاس • (beyās) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਬਿਆਸ)

Beas (A river of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab in northern India, rising in the Himalayas and emptying into the Sutlej).


چناب

چَناب • (canāb) ? (Gurmukhi spelling ਚਨਾਬ)

چَناب (canonical)
canāb (romanization)
ਚਨਾਬ (Gurmukhi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb), borrowed from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga).


راوی

pa-proper noun

راوی • (rāvī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਰਾਵੀ)

→ Urdu: راوی (rāvī)

Inherited from Sanskrit इरावती (irāvatī).

inh+

Ravi (a river in Punjab, Pakistan and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the state of Himachal Pradesh in India).


جھناں

pa-proper noun

جَھناں • (jhanāṉ) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਝਨਾਂ or ਚਨਾਬ)

جَھناں (canonical)
jhanāṉ (romanization)
ਝਨਾਂ (Gurmukhi)
ਚਨਾਬ (Gurmukhi)

/ˈt͡ʃə˨.nä̃ː˦/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás
Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás
Sanskrit भाग (bhāga)
Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā)
Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤𑀪𑀸𑀕𑀸 (caṃdabhāgā)
Punjabi جَھناں (jhanāṉ)
From Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤𑀪𑀸𑀕𑀸 (caṃdabhāgā), from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga). Compare Saraiki چَنان٘ہہ (canāṉh) and Hindustani چَنَاب (canāb) / चनाब (canāb).

etymon

جَھناں

وگے لہراں لیندا راوی ٹھاٹھاں مارے جھناں

a. 1973, فقیر محمّد فقیر [fqer mḥmmd fqer, Faqir Muhammad Faqir], میرا دیس امیر [merā des amīr], quoted in لعلاں دی پنڈ [Laʻlān dī pinḍ], Lahore: Aziz Depot, archived from the original on 2023-03-29, page 375:

تے جھناں دا پانی ایڈا چڑھیا ہوندا اے کہ پاراوار کجھ نظر نہیں آؤندا

2001, شبنم اسحاق [Shabnam Isḥāq], سوہنی مہینوال [Sohṇī Mahīnvāl], Lahore: حیدر پبلیکیشنز [ḥedr pblekīśnz, Haider Publications], →OCLC, page 135:

And the Chenab waters rise so much, that nothing beyond the limit can be visible

تاریخ دے کسے موڑ اُتے راوی تے جھناں دے وِچکار لے علاقے وِچ

2005, میر تنہا یوسفی [Mīr Tanhā Yūsufī], کالا چانن [Kālā cānaṇ], Lahore: Institute of Punjabi Language and Culture, →OCLC, page 25:

At some point in history, the areas between Ravi and Chenab

Chenab (a river in Punjab, Pakistan and the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the state of Himachal Pradesh in India).


ਝਨਾਂ

pa-proper noun

ਝਨਾਂ • (jhanā̃) m (Shahmukhi spelling جَھناں)

jhanā̃ (romanization)
جَھناں (Shahmukhi)

/ˈt͡ʃə˨.nä̃ː˦/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás
Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás
Sanskrit भाग (bhāga)
Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā)
Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤𑀪𑀸𑀕𑀸 (caṃdabhāgā)
Punjabi ਝਨਾਂ (jhanā̃)
From Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤𑀪𑀸𑀕𑀸 (caṃdabhāgā), from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga).

etymon

Chenab (A river of Punjab in India and Pakistan)


ਸਿੰਧ

pa-proper noun

ਸਿੰਧ • (sindh) m (Shahmukhi spelling سندھ)


ਲਾਲ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ

ਲਾਲ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ • (lāl samundar) m (Shahmukhi spelling لال سمندر)

lāl samundar (romanization)
لال سمندر (Shahmukhi)

Red Sea (A sea between the Arabian Peninsula and Africa)


ਦਹਾਨਾ

pa-noun

ਦਹਾਨਾ • (dahānā) m


ਪਣਜੋੜ

ਪਣਜੋੜ • (paṇjoṛ) m (Shahmukhi spelling پنجوڑ)

ਪਣ- (paṇa-, “water”) + ਜੋੜ (joṛ, “joint”).


ਖਲੀਜ

pa-noun

ਖਲੀਜ • (khalīj) f (Shahmukhi spelling خلیج)


ਮੈਕਸੀਕੋ ਦੀ ਖਾੜੀ

pa-proper noun

ਮੈਕਸੀਕੋ ਦੀ ਖਾੜੀ • (maiksīko dī khāṛī) f

Gulf of Mexico (a gulf of the Atlantic Ocean)


ਫ਼ਾਰਸ ਦੀ ਖਾੜੀ

فارس دی کھاڑی

ਫ਼ਾਰਸ ਦੀ ਖਾੜੀ • (fāras dī khāṛī) f (Shahmukhi spelling فارس دی کھاڑی)

fāras dī khāṛī (romanization)
فارس دی کھاڑی (Shahmukhi)

Persian Gulf (A gulf between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula)


ਬਾਲਟਿਕ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ

ਬਾਲਟਿਕ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ • (bālṭik samundar) m (Shahmukhi spelling بالٹک سمندر)

bālṭik samundar (romanization)
بالٹک سمندر (Shahmukhi)


ਨੀਲ

Borrowed from Classical Persian نیل (nīl), from Arabic النِيل (an-nīl).