gaskehan

gaskehan (infinitive)
gaskehannjas (genitive infinitive)
gaskehannjē (dative infinitive)
gaskehannju (infinitive instrumental)
gaskehu (first-person present singular)
gaskah (first-person past singular)
gaskihiʀi (present second-person singular)
gaskāgī (past second-person singular)
gaskihidi (present singular third-person)
gaskah (past singular third-person)
gaskehum (first-person plural present)
gaskāgum (first-person past plural)
gaskihid (plural present second-person)
gaskāgud (past plural second-person)
gaskehand (plural present third-person)
gaskāgun (past plural third-person)
gaskehē (first-person present singular)
gaskāgī (first-person past singular)
gaskehēs (present second-person singular)
gaskehē (present singular third-person)
gaskāgī (past singular third-person)
gaskehēm (first-person plural present)
gaskāgīm (first-person past plural)
gaskehēþ (plural present second-person)
gaskāgīd (past plural second-person)
gaskehēn (plural present third-person)
gaskāgīn (past plural third-person)
gaskih (present singular)
gaskihid (plural present)
gaskehandī (participle present)
gaskegan (participle past)

Old English: ġesċēon
Middle English: scen, sen

Old Frisian:

Saterland Frisian: geskjo

Old Dutch: *giskian

Middle Dutch: geschien
Dutch: geschieden
Afrikaans: geskied
Limburgish: gesjeeje

Old High German: gascehan, giskehan

desc

Middle High German: geschehen, geschēn, geschegen

Alemannic German: geschëhe

Cimbrian: gaségan

German: geschehen

Luxembourgish: geschéien

Yiddish: געשען (geshen)


skehan

skehan (infinitive)
skehannjas (genitive infinitive)
skehannjē (dative infinitive)
skehannju (infinitive instrumental)
skehu (first-person present singular)
skah (first-person past singular)
skihiʀi (present second-person singular)
skāgī (past second-person singular)
skihidi (present singular third-person)
skah (past singular third-person)
skehum (first-person plural present)
skāgum (first-person past plural)
skihid (plural present second-person)
skāgud (past plural second-person)
skehand (plural present third-person)
skāgun (past plural third-person)
skehē (first-person present singular)
skāgī (first-person past singular)
skehēs (present second-person singular)
skehē (present singular third-person)
skāgī (past singular third-person)
skehēm (first-person plural present)
skāgīm (first-person past plural)
skehēþ (plural present second-person)
skāgīd (past plural second-person)
skehēn (plural present third-person)
skāgīn (past plural third-person)
skih (present singular)
skihid (plural present)
skehandī (participle present)
skegan (participle past)

Old English: sċēon
Middle English: sen

Old Frisian: skiā, schiā

North Frisian: skie

Old Saxon: skehan

Middle Low German: schēn

Low German: schehn

desctree

→ Danish: ske
Norwegian Bokmål: skje
→ Icelandic: ske
→ Faroese: ske
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: skje; (dialectal) ski

→ Old Swedish: ske

Swedish: ske

Old Dutch: *skian

Middle Dutch: schien
Limburgish: sjeeje, sji-jje

Old High German: skehan, scehan

Middle High German: schëhen

German: geschehen


lį̄ht

lį̄ht (masculine nominative singular)
lį̄htu (feminine nominative singular)
lį̄ht (neuter nominative singular)
lį̄htanā (accusative masculine singular)
lį̄htā (accusative feminine singular)
lį̄ht (accusative neuter singular)
lį̄htas (genitive masculine singular)
lį̄hteʀā (feminine genitive singular)
lį̄htas (genitive neuter singular)
lį̄htumē (dative masculine singular)
lį̄hteʀē (dative feminine singular)
lį̄htumē (dative neuter singular)
lį̄htu (instrumental masculine singular)
lį̄hteʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
lį̄htu (instrumental neuter singular)
lį̄htē (masculine nominative plural)
lį̄htō (feminine nominative plural)
lį̄htu (neuter nominative plural)
lį̄htā (accusative masculine plural)
lį̄htā (accusative feminine plural)
lį̄htu (accusative neuter plural)
lį̄hteʀō (genitive masculine plural)
lį̄hteʀō (feminine genitive plural)
lį̄hteʀō (genitive neuter plural)
lį̄htēm (dative masculine plural)
lį̄htum (dative masculine plural)
lį̄htēm (dative feminine plural)
lį̄htum (dative feminine plural)
lį̄htēm (dative neuter plural)
lį̄htum (dative neuter plural)
lį̄htēm (instrumental masculine plural)
lį̄htum (instrumental masculine plural)
lį̄htēm (feminine instrumental plural)
lį̄htum (feminine instrumental plural)
lį̄htēm (instrumental neuter plural)
lį̄htum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: lēoht
Middle English: liȝt, lyghte
English: light
Scots: licht

Old Frisian: licht

West Frisian: licht

Old Saxon: līht
Middle Low German: licht
Low German: licht

Old Dutch: *līht

Middle Dutch: licht
Dutch: licht
Afrikaans: lig
Limburgish: lich, leech

Old High German: līht, līhti
Middle High German: līht
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: leicht
Luxembourgish: liicht
East Central German:
Vilamovian: łajcht
German: leicht
Rhine Franconian: läicht, leicht, licht
Frankfurterisch: [laiʃt]
Pennsylvania German: leicht
Yiddish: לײַכט (laykht)


wīh

wīh (masculine nominative singular)
wīhu (feminine nominative singular)
wīh (neuter nominative singular)
wīhanā (accusative masculine singular)
wīhā (accusative feminine singular)
wīh (accusative neuter singular)
wīhas (genitive masculine singular)
wīheʀā (feminine genitive singular)
wīhas (genitive neuter singular)
wīhumē (dative masculine singular)
wīheʀē (dative feminine singular)
wīhumē (dative neuter singular)
wīhu (instrumental masculine singular)
wīheʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
wīhu (instrumental neuter singular)
wīhē (masculine nominative plural)
wīhō (feminine nominative plural)
wīhu (neuter nominative plural)
wīhā (accusative masculine plural)
wīhā (accusative feminine plural)
wīhu (accusative neuter plural)
wīheʀō (genitive masculine plural)
wīheʀō (feminine genitive plural)
wīheʀō (genitive neuter plural)
wīhēm (dative masculine plural)
wīhum (dative masculine plural)
wīhēm (dative feminine plural)
wīhum (dative feminine plural)
wīhēm (dative neuter plural)
wīhum (dative neuter plural)
wīhēm (instrumental masculine plural)
wīhum (instrumental masculine plural)
wīhēm (feminine instrumental plural)
wīhum (feminine instrumental plural)
wīhēm (instrumental neuter plural)
wīhum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: *wēoh (in compounds)

Middle English: weoh

Old Frisian: *wī (in compounds)

Old Saxon: *wīh (in compounds)

Old Dutch: *wī (in compounds)

Old High German: wīh

Middle High German: wīch

German: weih (in compounds)


wīh

wīh (nominative singular)
wīhu (nominative plural)
wīh (accusative singular)
wīhu (accusative plural)
wīhas (genitive singular)
wīhō (genitive plural)
wīhē (dative singular)
wīhum (dative plural)
wīhu (instrumental singular)
wīhum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wēoh, wīh

Old Saxon: wīh m

Middle Low German: wīe, wige

Old High German: wīh m

From Proto-Germanic *wīhą, cognate with Old Norse vé (“sanctuary, holy place”).


tīhan

tīhan (infinitive)
tīhannjas (genitive infinitive)
tīhannjē (dative infinitive)
tīhannju (infinitive instrumental)
tīhu (first-person present singular)
taih (first-person past singular)
tīhiʀi (present second-person singular)
tigī (past second-person singular)
tīhidi (present singular third-person)
taih (past singular third-person)
tīhum (first-person plural present)
tigum (first-person past plural)
tīhid (plural present second-person)
tigud (past plural second-person)
tīhand (plural present third-person)
tigun (past plural third-person)
tīhē (first-person present singular)
tigī (first-person past singular)
tīhēs (present second-person singular)
tīhē (present singular third-person)
tigī (past singular third-person)
tīhēm (first-person plural present)
tigīm (first-person past plural)
tīhēþ (plural present second-person)
tigīd (past plural second-person)
tīhēn (plural present third-person)
tigīn (past plural third-person)
tīh (present singular)
tīhid (plural present)
tīhandī (participle present)
tigan (participle past)

Old English: tēon

Middle English: tēn

⇒ Old Saxon: aftīhan

Old Dutch: *tīan
Middle Dutch: tiën
Dutch: tijgen, aantijgen
Afrikaans: aantyg

Old High German: zīhan

Middle High German: zīhen

German: zeihen


þį̄han

Old English: þīon, þēon, ġeþingan

Middle English: theen

Scots: thee, the

English: thee

Old Frisian: thīgia

Saterland Frisian: tiegje

West Frisian: dije

Old Saxon: thīhan

Middle Low German: dîhen, dîen, dîgen

Low German: deen

German Low German: dejen

→ Saterland Frisian: däie

Old Dutch: thīan
Middle Dutch: diën
Dutch: dijen

Old High German: thīhan, dīhan

Middle High German: dīhen

German: gedeihen, gediegen

Luxembourgish: gedeien

Yiddish: געדײַען (gedayen)


þurban

Old English: þurfan
Middle English: tharen
English: thair
Middle Scots: thar
Scots: thair

Old Saxon: thurvan, thurƀan
Middle Low German: dürven, dörven, dröven
Low German: dürven, dörven, dröven, dröffen

Old Dutch: thurvan
Middle Dutch: dorven
Dutch: durven (conflated in meaning with dorren)
Afrikaans: durf
Javindo: durref
Negerhollands: derv, dėfo
→ Papiamentu: dùrf
Limburgish: dörve

q

Old High German: durfan (f by backformation, this f is generally fortis as if from Germanic *p)

Middle High German: durfen, dürfen

Alemannic German: törfe

desc

Central Franconian: dürve, durfe, dearfe

Luxembourgish: däerfen, duerfen, dierfen

German: dürfen
→ Ido: darfar

Yiddish: דאַרפֿן (darfn)


durʀan

durʀan (infinitive)
durʀannjas (genitive infinitive)
durʀannjē (dative infinitive)
durʀannju (infinitive instrumental)
dars (first-person present singular)
darʀ (first-person present singular)
dorstā (first-person past singular)
darst (present second-person singular)
dorstēs (past second-person singular)
dars (present singular third-person)
darʀ (present singular third-person)
dorstē (past singular third-person)
durʀum (first-person plural present)
durstum (first-person past plural)
durʀud (plural present second-person)
durstud (past plural second-person)
durʀun (plural present third-person)
durstun (past plural third-person)
durʀī (first-person present singular)
durstī (first-person past singular)
durʀī (present second-person singular)
durstī (past second-person singular)
durʀī (present singular third-person)
durstī (past singular third-person)
durʀīm (first-person plural present)
durstīm (first-person past plural)
durʀīd (plural present second-person)
durstīd (past plural second-person)
durʀīn (plural present third-person)
durstīn (past plural third-person)
durʀandī (participle present)
dorst (participle past)

Old English: durran

Middle English: durren

Scots: daur

English: dare

Old Saxon: durran

i

Low German: dören (sometimes merged with dörven, from *þurbaną)

Old Dutch: *durran

Middle Dutch: dorren, durren

merged with <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">*þurbaną</i>

Dutch: durven (merged with *þurbaną)

Afrikaans: durf

Limburgish: derre, dórre

Old High German: turran

Middle High German: turren

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: töoran

semantically identical to <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmw-cfr">dürve</i>

Central Franconian: dusche (semantically identical to dürve)

German: thüren, türen (all obsolete)

Yiddish: טאָרן (torn)

türre

Old High German: *turri; Middle High German


farh

farh (nominative singular)
farhō (nominative plural)
farhōs (nominative plural)
farh (accusative singular)
farhā (accusative plural)
farhas (genitive singular)
farhō (genitive plural)
farhē (dative singular)
farhum (dative plural)
farhu (instrumental singular)
farhum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: fearh
Middle English: *farow, *fargh (attested only in plural form faren)
English: farrow
Scots: ferrae, ferry, farry
Yola: farragh

Old Frisian: *farch

Saterland Frisian: Faarich, Farig

West Frisian: farken

Old Saxon: for, *farh

Middle Low German: var, vare, vôr, ferch, verk

⇒ Old Saxon: *farkīn (diminutive)

Middle Low German: verken, varken

Low German: Farken

Old Dutch: *far, *fare

⇒ Old Dutch: farkīn, ferkīn (diminutive)

Middle Dutch: verkin, varekin, varkin

Dutch: varken, verken (dialectal)
Afrikaans: vark
Jersey Dutch: vārk
Negerhollands: varki, fergi, farki, ferkikin, verken
Skepi Creole Dutch: fark

Old High German: farah
Middle High German: varch
⇒ Old High German: farhīli, farheli (diminutive)
Middle High German: verkel, verhel
Alemannic German: Färli
German: Ferkel
Luxembourgish: Fierkel


sparwō

sparwō (nominative singular)
sparwan (nominative plural)
sparwan (accusative singular)
sparwan (accusative plural)
sparwini (genitive singular)
sparwan (genitive singular)
sparwanō (genitive plural)
sparwini (dative singular)
sparwan (dative singular)
sparwum (dative plural)
sparwini (instrumental singular)
sparwan (instrumental singular)
sparwum (instrumental plural)

Old English: spearwa

desc

Middle English: sparwe, sparuwe, sparowe, sparewe, speruwe, sparu, sparow

Scots: sparrowe, sparow

English: sparrow

→ Manx: sparroo

Old Saxon: *sparo; *sperling

Middle Low German: sperlink

desctree

Old High German: sparo
Middle High German: sparwe, spare, spar
Alemannic German: Spar
⇒ Middle High German: spaz, spatze (diminutive)
Alemannic German: Spatz, Schpatz
Bavarian: Spåtz
German: Spatz
→ Luxembourgish: Spatz
⇒ Old High German: sperilig
Middle High German: sperlinc
German: Sperling
Yiddish: שפּערל (shperl)


warnōn

warnōn (infinitive)
warnōnijas (genitive infinitive)
warnōnijē (dative infinitive)
warnōniju (infinitive instrumental)
warnō (first-person present singular)
warnōdā (first-person past singular)
warnōs (present second-person singular)
warnōdēs (past second-person singular)
warnōdōs (past second-person singular)
warnōþ (present singular third-person)
warnōdē (past singular third-person)
warnōdā (past singular third-person)
warnōm (first-person plural present)
warnōdum (first-person past plural)
warnōþ (plural present second-person)
warnōdud (past plural second-person)
warnōnþ (plural present third-person)
warnōdun (past plural third-person)
warnōdī (first-person past singular)
warnōdī (past second-person singular)
warnō (present singular third-person)
warnōdī (past singular third-person)
warnōdīm (first-person past plural)
warnōdīd (past plural second-person)
warnōn (plural present third-person)
warnōdīn (past plural third-person)
warnō (present singular)
warnōþ (plural present)
warnōndī (participle present)
warnōd (participle past)

Old English: warnian, wearnian

Middle English: warnien, warnen

Scots: wairn

English: warn

Old Frisian: wernia, warna

Old Saxon: *warnōn

Middle Low German: warnen

Low German: warnen

Old Dutch: warnon
Middle Dutch: wāernen
Dutch: waarnen (obsolete)
Limburgish: warne

Old High German: warnōn

Middle High German: warnen

German: warnen


harpā

harpā (nominative singular)
harpōn (nominative plural)
harpōn (accusative singular)
harpōn (accusative plural)
harpōn (genitive singular)
harpōnō (genitive plural)
harpōn (dative singular)
harpōm (dative plural)
harpum (dative plural)
harpōn (instrumental singular)
harpōm (instrumental plural)
harpum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hearpe
Middle English: harpe
English: harp
Scots: harpe, herp, hairp

Old Frisian: *herpe

West Frisian: harpe, harp

Old Saxon: harpa

Middle Low German: harpe

Low German: Harp

Plautdietsch: Hoap

Old Dutch: harpa
Middle Dutch: harpe, herpe
Dutch: harp
Afrikaans: harp

Old High German: harfa, *harpha

Middle High German: harfe, harpfe

Bavarian: Harpfn

German: Harfe, Harpfe

→ Saterland Frisian: Harfe

Luxembourgish: Harf

→ Kashubian: harfa, arfa

→ Old Polish: arfa (see there for further descendants)

Rhine Franconian: Haf, Harf

Pennsylvania German: Harf

→ Czech: harfa

→ Russian: а́рфа (árfa) (see there for further descendants)

→ Serbo-Croatian: hȃrfa, ха̑рфа

→ Slovak: harfa

→ Slovene: harfa

→ Ukrainian: а́рфа (árfa)

→ Late Latin: harpa (see there for further descendants)


hwass

hwass (masculine nominative singular)
hwassu (feminine nominative singular)
hwass (neuter nominative singular)
hwassanā (accusative masculine singular)
hwassā (accusative feminine singular)
hwass (accusative neuter singular)
hwassas (genitive masculine singular)
hwasseʀā (feminine genitive singular)
hwassas (genitive neuter singular)
hwassumē (dative masculine singular)
hwasseʀē (dative feminine singular)
hwassumē (dative neuter singular)
hwassu (instrumental masculine singular)
hwasseʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
hwassu (instrumental neuter singular)
hwassē (masculine nominative plural)
hwassō (feminine nominative plural)
hwassu (neuter nominative plural)
hwassā (accusative masculine plural)
hwassā (accusative feminine plural)
hwassu (accusative neuter plural)
hwasseʀō (genitive masculine plural)
hwasseʀō (feminine genitive plural)
hwasseʀō (genitive neuter plural)
hwassēm (dative masculine plural)
hwassum (dative masculine plural)
hwassēm (dative feminine plural)
hwassum (dative feminine plural)
hwassēm (dative neuter plural)
hwassum (dative neuter plural)
hwassēm (instrumental masculine plural)
hwassum (instrumental masculine plural)
hwassēm (feminine instrumental plural)
hwassum (feminine instrumental plural)
hwassēm (instrumental neuter plural)
hwassum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: hwæs

Old Saxon: hwass

Old High German: was


līhwan

līhwan (infinitive)
līhwannjas (genitive infinitive)
līhwannjē (dative infinitive)
līhwannju (infinitive instrumental)
līhu (first-person present singular)
laihw (first-person past singular)
līhwiʀi (present second-person singular)
liwī (past second-person singular)
līhwidi (present singular third-person)
laihw (past singular third-person)
līhum (first-person plural present)
ligum (first-person past plural)
līhwid (plural present second-person)
ligud (past plural second-person)
līhwand (plural present third-person)
ligun (past plural third-person)
līhwē (first-person present singular)
liwī (first-person past singular)
līhwēs (present second-person singular)
līhwē (present singular third-person)
liwī (past singular third-person)
līhwēm (first-person plural present)
liwīm (first-person past plural)
līhwēþ (plural present second-person)
liwīd (past plural second-person)
līhwēn (plural present third-person)
liwīn (past plural third-person)
līhw (present singular)
līhwid (plural present)
līhwandī (participle present)
liwan (participle past)

Old English: lēon

Old Frisian: līa

Old Saxon: līhan

Old Dutch: līan
Middle Dutch: liën

Old High German: līhan

Middle High German: līhen

German: leihen

Yiddish: לײַען (layen)


sehwan

sehwan (infinitive)
sehwannjas (genitive infinitive)
sehwannjē (dative infinitive)
sehwannju (infinitive instrumental)
sehu (first-person present singular)
sahw (first-person past singular)
sihwiʀi (present second-person singular)
sāwī (past second-person singular)
sihwidi (present singular third-person)
sahw (past singular third-person)
sehum (first-person plural present)
sāgum (first-person past plural)
sihwid (plural present second-person)
sāgud (past plural second-person)
sehwand (plural present third-person)
sāgun (past plural third-person)
sehwē (first-person present singular)
sāwī (first-person past singular)
sehwēs (present second-person singular)
sehwē (present singular third-person)
sāwī (past singular third-person)
sehwēm (first-person plural present)
sāwīm (first-person past plural)
sehwēþ (plural present second-person)
sāwīd (past plural second-person)
sehwēn (plural present third-person)
sāwīn (past plural third-person)
sihw (present singular)
sihwid (plural present)
sehwandī (participle present)
sewan (participle past)

Old English: sēon
Middle English: seen, sein, sien, seon, son, suen (chiefly early and West), zi (Kent)
English: see
Scots: se, sie, see
Yola: zee, zie, ze, zey, sau

Old Frisian: siā

Saterland Frisian: sjo

West Frisian: sjen

Old Saxon: sehan
Middle Low German: sehen, sēn
Low German: sehn

Frankish: *sehan

Old Dutch: sian
Middle Dutch: sien
Dutch: zien
Afrikaans: sien
Javindo: sien, siet
Jersey Dutch: zîn, zîne
Limburgish: zeen

Old High German: sehan
Middle High German: sëhen; sēn (chiefly East Central); sien (West Central)
Bavarian: segn
Central Franconian: sehn, senn, siehn, sinn
Hunsrik: sihn
German: sehen
Mòcheno: sechen
Pennsylvania German: sehne
Vilamovian: zaon
Yiddish: זען (zen)


stinkwan

stinkwan (infinitive)
stinkwannjas (genitive infinitive)
stinkwannjē (dative infinitive)
stinkwannju (infinitive instrumental)
stinku (first-person present singular)
stankw (first-person past singular)
stinkwiʀi (present second-person singular)
stunkī (past second-person singular)
stinkwidi (present singular third-person)
stankw (past singular third-person)
stinkum (first-person plural present)
stunkum (first-person past plural)
stinkwid (plural present second-person)
stunkud (past plural second-person)
stinkwand (plural present third-person)
stunkun (past plural third-person)
stinkwē (first-person present singular)
stunkī (first-person past singular)
stinkwēs (present second-person singular)
stinkwē (present singular third-person)
stunkī (past singular third-person)
stinkwēm (first-person plural present)
stunkīm (first-person past plural)
stinkwēþ (plural present second-person)
stunkīd (past plural second-person)
stinkwēn (plural present third-person)
stunkīn (past plural third-person)
stinkw (present singular)
stinkwid (plural present)
stinkwandī (participle present)
stunkan (participle past)

Old English: stincan
Middle English: stynken, stynkkyn, stenke, styngke, stynke, stinken
Scots: stink
English: stink

Old Frisian: *stiunka

Saterland Frisian: stjunke

West Frisian: stjonke

Old Saxon: stinkan

Middle Low German: stinken

Low German: stinken

→ Danish: stinke

→ Swedish: stinka

→ Norwegian: stinke

Old Dutch: stincan
Middle Dutch: stinken
Dutch: stinken
Afrikaans: stink
Negerhollands: stink
→ Sranan Tongo: tingi
→ Saramaccan: tíngi
Limburgish: stinke

Old High German: stinkan, stinchan

Middle High German: stinken

German: stinken

Yiddish: שטינקען (shtinken)


gawahwan

gawahwan (infinitive)
gawahwannjas (genitive infinitive)
gawahwannjē (dative infinitive)
gawahwannju (infinitive instrumental)
gawahu (first-person present singular)
gawōhw (first-person past singular)
gawahwiʀi (present second-person singular)
gawōwī (past second-person singular)
gawahwidi (present singular third-person)
gawōhw (past singular third-person)
gawahum (first-person plural present)
gawōgum (first-person past plural)
gawahwid (plural present second-person)
gawōgud (past plural second-person)
gawahwand (plural present third-person)
gawōgun (past plural third-person)
gawahwē (first-person present singular)
gawōwī (first-person past singular)
gawahwēs (present second-person singular)
gawahwē (present singular third-person)
gawōwī (past singular third-person)
gawahwēm (first-person plural present)
gawōwīm (first-person past plural)
gawahwēþ (plural present second-person)
gawōwīd (past plural second-person)
gawahwēn (plural present third-person)
gawōwīn (past plural third-person)
gawahw (present singular)
gawahwid (plural present)
gawahwandī (participle present)
gawawan (participle past)

Old Saxon: *giwahan

Middle Low German: *gewahen, gewagen; (wāgen (without prefix) < *wahwaną)

Old Dutch: *giwān

Middle Dutch: gewāgen

Dutch: gewagen

Afrikaans: gewaag

Old High German: giwahan, giwahanen

Middle High German: gewahen, gewähenen

German: gewähnen; erwähnen (with a different prefix)

→ Saterland Frisian: ärwääne


lingwan

lingwan (infinitive)
lingwannjas (genitive infinitive)
lingwannjē (dative infinitive)
lingwannju (infinitive instrumental)
lingu (first-person present singular)
langw (first-person past singular)
lingwiʀi (present second-person singular)
lungī (past second-person singular)
lingwidi (present singular third-person)
langw (past singular third-person)
lingum (first-person plural present)
lungum (first-person past plural)
lingwid (plural present second-person)
lungud (past plural second-person)
lingwand (plural present third-person)
lungun (past plural third-person)
lingwē (first-person present singular)
lungī (first-person past singular)
lingwēs (present second-person singular)
lingwē (present singular third-person)
lungī (past singular third-person)
lingwēm (first-person plural present)
lungīm (first-person past plural)
lingwēþ (plural present second-person)
lungīd (past plural second-person)
lingwēn (plural present third-person)
lungīn (past plural third-person)
lingw (present singular)
lingwid (plural present)
lingwandī (participle present)
lungan (participle past)

Old Saxon: *lingan

Middle Low German: lingen

German Low German: lingen

Old High German: lingan

Middle High German: lingen

German: lingen

⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *galingwan

Old Saxon: *gilingan

Middle Low German: gelingen

Old Dutch: *gilingan

Middle Dutch: gelingen

Dutch: gelingen

Old High German: gilingan

Middle High German: gelingen

German: gelingen

Luxembourgish: geléngen

Yiddish: געלינגען (gelingen)


sinkwan

sinkwan (infinitive)
sinkwannjas (genitive infinitive)
sinkwannjē (dative infinitive)
sinkwannju (infinitive instrumental)
sinku (first-person present singular)
sankw (first-person past singular)
sinkwiʀi (present second-person singular)
sunkī (past second-person singular)
sinkwidi (present singular third-person)
sankw (past singular third-person)
sinkum (first-person plural present)
sunkum (first-person past plural)
sinkwid (plural present second-person)
sunkud (past plural second-person)
sinkwand (plural present third-person)
sunkun (past plural third-person)
sinkwē (first-person present singular)
sunkī (first-person past singular)
sinkwēs (present second-person singular)
sinkwē (present singular third-person)
sunkī (past singular third-person)
sinkwēm (first-person plural present)
sunkīm (first-person past plural)
sinkwēþ (plural present second-person)
sunkīd (past plural second-person)
sinkwēn (plural present third-person)
sunkīn (past plural third-person)
sinkw (present singular)
sinkwid (plural present)
sinkwandī (participle present)
sunkan (participle past)

Old English: sincan

Middle English: synken

English: sink

Scots: sink

Old Frisian: sinka

West Frisian: sinke

Old Saxon: sinkan

Middle Low German: sinken

Low German: sinken

Old Dutch: *sincan
Middle Dutch: sinken
Dutch: zinken
Limburgish: zinke

Old High German: sinkan

Middle High German: sinken

German: sinken

Luxembourgish: sénken

Yiddish: זינקען (zinken)


singwan

singwan (infinitive)
singwannjas (genitive infinitive)
singwannjē (dative infinitive)
singwannju (infinitive instrumental)
singu (first-person present singular)
sangw (first-person past singular)
singwiʀi (present second-person singular)
sungī (past second-person singular)
singwidi (present singular third-person)
sangw (past singular third-person)
singum (first-person plural present)
sungum (first-person past plural)
singwid (plural present second-person)
sungud (past plural second-person)
singwand (plural present third-person)
sungun (past plural third-person)
singwē (first-person present singular)
sungī (first-person past singular)
singwēs (present second-person singular)
singwē (present singular third-person)
sungī (past singular third-person)
singwēm (first-person plural present)
sungīm (first-person past plural)
singwēþ (plural present second-person)
sungīd (past plural second-person)
singwēn (plural present third-person)
sungīn (past plural third-person)
singw (present singular)
singwid (plural present)
singwandī (participle present)
sungan (participle past)

Old English: singan
Middle English: singen, cingen, cinggen, singgen, singe, synge, syngen, cyngyn, cynggyn, zinge (Kent)
English: sing
Scots: sing
Yola: zing

Old Frisian: singa, siunga, sionga

North Frisian: schong

Saterland Frisian: sjunge

West Frisian: sjonge

Old Saxon: singan
Middle Low German: singen
Low German: singen
Plautdietsch: sinjen

Old Dutch: singan
Middle Dutch: singen
Dutch: zingen
Afrikaans: sing
Berbice Creole Dutch: singgi
Jersey Dutch: sänge
Negerhollands: sing, siṅ
→ Sranan Tongo: singi
→ Caribbean Javanese: singi
Limburgish: zinge

Old High German: singan
Middle High German: singen
Alemannic German:
Swabian:
Sathmar Swabian: singe
Bavarian: singa
Cimbrian: singen
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: singe
German: singen
Luxembourgish: sangen
Rhine Franconian:
Pennsylvania German: singe
Yiddish: זינגען (zingen)


kwiku

kwiku (masculine nominative singular)
kwiku (feminine nominative singular)
kwiku (neuter nominative singular)
kwikwanā (accusative masculine singular)
kwikwā (accusative feminine singular)
kwiku (accusative neuter singular)
kwikwas (genitive masculine singular)
kwikweʀā (feminine genitive singular)
kwikwas (genitive neuter singular)
kwikumē (dative masculine singular)
kwikweʀē (dative feminine singular)
kwikumē (dative neuter singular)
kwiku (instrumental masculine singular)
kwikweʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
kwiku (instrumental neuter singular)
kwikwē (masculine nominative plural)
kwikwō (feminine nominative plural)
kwiku (neuter nominative plural)
kwikwā (accusative masculine plural)
kwikwā (accusative feminine plural)
kwiku (accusative neuter plural)
kwikweʀō (genitive masculine plural)
kwikweʀō (feminine genitive plural)
kwikweʀō (genitive neuter plural)
kwikwēm (dative masculine plural)
kwikum (dative masculine plural)
kwikwēm (dative feminine plural)
kwikum (dative feminine plural)
kwikwēm (dative neuter plural)
kwikum (dative neuter plural)
kwikwēm (instrumental masculine plural)
kwikum (instrumental masculine plural)
kwikwēm (feminine instrumental plural)
kwikum (feminine instrumental plural)
kwikwēm (instrumental neuter plural)
kwikum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: cwic, cuc, cucu, cwicu, cwuc, cwucu
Middle English: quyk, quic, quicke, quik, quike, quikke, quycke, quyke, quykke, qwicke, qwik, qwyck, qwyk, qwyke, cwic, cwich, cwick, cwuc (Early Middle English), qwhyke, weke, whik, whike, whikk, whyk, whyke, whykke (Northern)
English: quick (dialectal wick)
→ Ido: quik
Scots: quick, queek

Old Frisian: quik

North Frisian: quick, queck

Saterland Frisian: kwik

West Frisian: kwik, kwyk

Old Saxon: quik

Middle Low German: *quik (in derivatives and compounds: e.g. quikpenninc, quikstērt, quiksilver)

German Low German: quick

→ German: quick (chiefly in quicklebendig)

Old Dutch: quic
Middle Dutch: quic
Dutch: kwik, kwiek

Old High German: quic, quec, chëch

Middle High German: quëc, këc

German: keck; (qu- in Quecksilber, erquicken)

→ Danish: kæk

→ Dutch: kek

→ Norwegian: kjekk

→ Swedish: käck


wlaku

wlaku (masculine nominative singular)
wlaku (feminine nominative singular)
wlaku (neuter nominative singular)
wlakwanā (accusative masculine singular)
wlakwā (accusative feminine singular)
wlaku (accusative neuter singular)
wlakwas (genitive masculine singular)
wlakweʀā (feminine genitive singular)
wlakwas (genitive neuter singular)
wlakumē (dative masculine singular)
wlakweʀē (dative feminine singular)
wlakumē (dative neuter singular)
wlaku (instrumental masculine singular)
wlakweʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
wlaku (instrumental neuter singular)
wlakwē (masculine nominative plural)
wlakwō (feminine nominative plural)
wlaku (neuter nominative plural)
wlakwā (accusative masculine plural)
wlakwā (accusative feminine plural)
wlaku (accusative neuter plural)
wlakweʀō (genitive masculine plural)
wlakweʀō (feminine genitive plural)
wlakweʀō (genitive neuter plural)
wlakwēm (dative masculine plural)
wlakum (dative masculine plural)
wlakwēm (dative feminine plural)
wlakum (dative feminine plural)
wlakwēm (dative neuter plural)
wlakum (dative neuter plural)
wlakwēm (instrumental masculine plural)
wlakum (instrumental masculine plural)
wlakwēm (feminine instrumental plural)
wlakum (feminine instrumental plural)
wlakwēm (instrumental neuter plural)
wlakum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: wlacu, wlæc

Middle English: wlak, wlach

Early Scots: *wlach, *walch, *walgh

Scots: wallachie, wauch

Old Saxon: *wlak

Middle Low German: wlak, wlack


þikkwī

þikkwī (masculine nominative singular)
þikkwiju (feminine nominative singular)
þikkwī (neuter nominative singular)
þikkwijanā (accusative masculine singular)
þikkwijā (accusative feminine singular)
þikkwī (accusative neuter singular)
þikkwijas (genitive masculine singular)
þikkwijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
þikkwijas (genitive neuter singular)
þikkwijumē (dative masculine singular)
þikkwijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
þikkwijumē (dative neuter singular)
þikkwiju (instrumental masculine singular)
þikkwijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
þikkwiju (instrumental neuter singular)
þikkwijē (masculine nominative plural)
þikkwijō (feminine nominative plural)
þikkwiju (neuter nominative plural)
þikkwijā (accusative masculine plural)
þikkwijā (accusative feminine plural)
þikkwiju (accusative neuter plural)
þikkwijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
þikkwijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
þikkwijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
þikkwijēm (dative masculine plural)
þikkwijum (dative masculine plural)
þikkwijēm (dative feminine plural)
þikkwijum (dative feminine plural)
þikkwijēm (dative neuter plural)
þikkwijum (dative neuter plural)
þikkwijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
þikkwijum (instrumental masculine plural)
þikkwijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
þikkwijum (feminine instrumental plural)
þikkwijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
þikkwijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: þicce
Middle English: thikke, thicke, thik, thyke, thykke, þikke
English: thick
Scots: thik, thicke, thick

Old Frisian: thikke, *thiukke, *thiuke

Saterland Frisian: tjuk

West Frisian: tsjok, tsjûk

Old Saxon: thikki
Middle Low German: dicke
Low German: dick
Plautdietsch: dikj

Old Dutch: *thicki

Middle Dutch: dicke
Dutch: dik
Afrikaans: dik
Berbice Creole Dutch: deki
Negerhollands: dik
→ Virgin Islands Creole: dik (archaic)
→ Aukan: deki
→ Papiamentu: diki, dek
→ Saramaccan: dégi (via Skepi Creole Dutch)
→ Sranan Tongo: deki
Limburgish: diek
Zealandic: dik

Old High German: dicchi, dichi, dicki, dikki, dihhi, thichi, thihhi, thiki, ticchi
Middle High German: dicke, dic
Central Franconian: deck
Cimbrian: dikh, dikhe (Luserna)
German: dick
Hunsrik: dick
Luxembourgish: déck
Pennsylvania German: dick
Yiddish: דיק (dik)

From Proto-Germanic *þekuz + *-ī (adjective suffix).


nak(k)wad

nakwad (masculine nominative singular)
nakkwad (masculine nominative singular)
nakwadu (feminine nominative singular)
nakkwadu (feminine nominative singular)
nakwad (neuter nominative singular)
nakkwad (neuter nominative singular)
nakwadanā (accusative masculine singular)
nakkwadanā (accusative masculine singular)
nakwadā (accusative feminine singular)
nakkwadā (accusative feminine singular)
nakwad (accusative neuter singular)
nakkwad (accusative neuter singular)
nakwadas (genitive masculine singular)
nakkwadas (genitive masculine singular)
nakwadeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
nakkwadeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
nakwadas (genitive neuter singular)
nakkwadas (genitive neuter singular)
nakwadumē (dative masculine singular)
nakkwadumē (dative masculine singular)
nakwadeʀē (dative feminine singular)
nakkwadeʀē (dative feminine singular)
nakwadumē (dative neuter singular)
nakkwadumē (dative neuter singular)
nakwadu (instrumental masculine singular)
nakkwadu (instrumental masculine singular)
nakwadeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
nakkwadeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
nakwadu (instrumental neuter singular)
nakkwadu (instrumental neuter singular)
nakwadē (masculine nominative plural)
nakkwadē (masculine nominative plural)
nakwadō (feminine nominative plural)
nakkwadō (feminine nominative plural)
nakwadu (neuter nominative plural)
nakkwadu (neuter nominative plural)
nakwadā (accusative masculine plural)
nakkwadā (accusative masculine plural)
nakwadā (accusative feminine plural)
nakkwadā (accusative feminine plural)
nakwadu (accusative neuter plural)
nakkwadu (accusative neuter plural)
nakwadeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
nakkwadeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
nakwadeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
nakkwadeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
nakwadeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
nakkwadeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
nakwadēm (dative masculine plural)
nakkwadēm (dative masculine plural)
nakwadum (dative masculine plural)
nakkwadum (dative masculine plural)
nakwadēm (dative feminine plural)
nakkwadēm (dative feminine plural)
nakwadum (dative feminine plural)
nakkwadum (dative feminine plural)
nakwadēm (dative neuter plural)
nakkwadēm (dative neuter plural)
nakwadum (dative neuter plural)
nakkwadum (dative neuter plural)
nakwadēm (instrumental masculine plural)
nakkwadēm (instrumental masculine plural)
nakwadum (instrumental masculine plural)
nakkwadum (instrumental masculine plural)
nakwadēm (feminine instrumental plural)
nakkwadēm (feminine instrumental plural)
nakwadum (feminine instrumental plural)
nakkwadum (feminine instrumental plural)
nakwadēm (instrumental neuter plural)
nakkwadēm (instrumental neuter plural)
nakwadum (instrumental neuter plural)
nakkwadum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: nacod

Middle English: naked, nakit

Scots: nakit, naikit, nakkit

English: naked

Old Frisian: nakad, naked

Saterland Frisian: noakend

West Frisian: neaken

Old Saxon: *nakod

Middle Low German: naket

Low German: naakd, naked

Old Dutch: nacot
Middle Dutch: naket, nāect
Dutch: naakt, nakend (dialectal)
Negerhollands: nakket, naket, naakt, naekt

Old High German: nackot, nachot

Middle High German: nacket

German: nackt (variants: nackend, nackert, nackicht, nackig)


ankwō

ankwō (nominative singular)
ankwan (nominative plural)
ankwan (accusative singular)
ankwan (accusative plural)
ankwini (genitive singular)
ankwan (genitive singular)
ankwanō (genitive plural)
ankwini (dative singular)
ankwan (dative singular)
ankwum (dative plural)
ankwini (instrumental singular)
ankwan (instrumental singular)
ankwum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *anko

Middle Low German: anke

Old High German: ancho, anco
Middle High German: anke
Alemannic German: Anke


inkwar

inkwar (masculine nominative singular)
inkwaru (feminine nominative singular)
inkwar (neuter nominative singular)
inkwaranā (accusative masculine singular)
inkwarā (accusative feminine singular)
inkwar (accusative neuter singular)
inkwaras (genitive masculine singular)
inkwareʀā (feminine genitive singular)
inkwaras (genitive neuter singular)
inkwarumē (dative masculine singular)
inkwareʀē (dative feminine singular)
inkwarumē (dative neuter singular)
inkwaru (instrumental masculine singular)
inkwareʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
inkwaru (instrumental neuter singular)
inkwarē (masculine nominative plural)
inkwarō (feminine nominative plural)
inkwaru (neuter nominative plural)
inkwarā (accusative masculine plural)
inkwarā (accusative feminine plural)
inkwaru (accusative neuter plural)
inkwareʀō (genitive masculine plural)
inkwareʀō (feminine genitive plural)
inkwareʀō (genitive neuter plural)
inkwarēm (dative masculine plural)
inkwarum (dative masculine plural)
inkwarēm (dative feminine plural)
inkwarum (dative feminine plural)
inkwarēm (dative neuter plural)
inkwarum (dative neuter plural)
inkwarēm (instrumental masculine plural)
inkwarum (instrumental masculine plural)
inkwarēm (feminine instrumental plural)
inkwarum (feminine instrumental plural)
inkwarēm (instrumental neuter plural)
inkwarum (instrumental neuter plural)
ik (first-person nominative personal pronoun singular)
þū (nominative personal pronoun second-person singular)
mik (accusative first-person personal pronoun singular)
þik (accusative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sik (accusative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
miʀ (dative first-person personal pronoun singular)
þiʀ (dative personal pronoun second-person singular)
sik (dative personal pronoun reflexive singular)
mīn (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular)
þīn (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular)
sīn (personal possessive pronoun reflexive singular)
wit (dual first-person nominative personal pronoun)
jit (dual nominative personal pronoun second-person)
unk (accusative dual first-person personal pronoun)
inkw (accusative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sik (accusative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
unk (dative dual first-person personal pronoun)
inkw (dative dual personal pronoun second-person)
sik (dative dual personal pronoun reflexive)
unkar (dual first-person personal possessive pronoun)
inkwar (dual personal possessive pronoun second-person)
sīn (dual personal possessive pronoun reflexive)
wiʀ (first-person nominative personal plural pronoun)
jiʀ (nominative personal plural pronoun second-person)
uns (accusative first-person personal plural pronoun)
iwwi (accusative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sik (accusative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
uns (dative first-person personal plural pronoun)
iwwi (dative personal plural pronoun second-person)
sik (dative personal plural pronoun reflexive)
unsar (first-person personal plural possessive pronoun)
iuwar (personal plural possessive pronoun second-person)
sīn (personal plural possessive pronoun reflexive)

Old English: incer
Middle English: inker

Old Saxon: inker, inka

Old High German: enker

Middle High German: enker

Yiddish: ענקער (enker) (Poylish)


nakwō

nakwō (nominative singular)
nakwan (nominative plural)
nakwan (accusative singular)
nakwan (accusative plural)
nakwini (genitive singular)
nakwan (genitive singular)
nakwanō (genitive plural)
nakwini (dative singular)
nakwan (dative singular)
nakwum (dative plural)
nakwini (instrumental singular)
nakwan (instrumental singular)
nakwum (instrumental plural)

Old English: naca

Old Frisian: *naka, âke, âk

West Frisian: aek, aak

Old Saxon: nako

German Low German: Âken

Old Dutch: *nako

Middle Dutch: naecke, aecke

Dutch: aak

Old High German: nahho

Middle High German: nache

German: Nachen

Luxembourgish: Naachen


ehw

ehw (nominative singular)
ehwō (nominative plural)
ehwōs (nominative plural)
ehw (accusative singular)
ehwā (accusative plural)
ehwas (genitive singular)
ehwō (genitive plural)
ehwē (dative singular)
ehwum (dative plural)
ehwu (instrumental singular)
ehwum (instrumental plural)

Old English: eoh

Old Saxon: ehu-, eo- (in compounds)

Old High German: ehu- (in compounds)


rīþ

rīþ (nominative singular)
rīþō (nominative plural)
rīþōs (nominative plural)
rīþ (accusative singular)
rīþā (accusative plural)
rīþas (genitive singular)
rīþō (genitive plural)
rīþē (dative singular)
rīþum (dative plural)
rīþu (instrumental singular)
rīþum (instrumental plural)

Old English: rīþ

Middle English: rīth, rīthe

English: rith

Old Frisian: rīth, rīd

Saterland Frisian: Riede

desc

West Frisian: ryd, ride, riid, ried, rie

⇒ Old Frisian: mēderīth, mēderīd

Old Saxon: *rīth

Middle Low German: rîde, rîe, rige, rhyde, rüde

→ German: Riede

Old Dutch: rīth

Middle Dutch: rijt

Dutch: riet, rijt (dialectal)


berht

berht (masculine nominative singular)
berhtu (feminine nominative singular)
berht (neuter nominative singular)
berhtanā (accusative masculine singular)
berhtā (accusative feminine singular)
berht (accusative neuter singular)
berhtas (genitive masculine singular)
berhteʀā (feminine genitive singular)
berhtas (genitive neuter singular)
berhtumē (dative masculine singular)
berhteʀē (dative feminine singular)
berhtumē (dative neuter singular)
berhtu (instrumental masculine singular)
berhteʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
berhtu (instrumental neuter singular)
berhtē (masculine nominative plural)
berhtō (feminine nominative plural)
berhtu (neuter nominative plural)
berhtā (accusative masculine plural)
berhtā (accusative feminine plural)
berhtu (accusative neuter plural)
berhteʀō (genitive masculine plural)
berhteʀō (feminine genitive plural)
berhteʀō (genitive neuter plural)
berhtēm (dative masculine plural)
berhtum (dative masculine plural)
berhtēm (dative feminine plural)
berhtum (dative feminine plural)
berhtēm (dative neuter plural)
berhtum (dative neuter plural)
berhtēm (instrumental masculine plural)
berhtum (instrumental masculine plural)
berhtēm (feminine instrumental plural)
berhtum (feminine instrumental plural)
berhtēm (instrumental neuter plural)
berhtum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Old English: beorht, berht — Anglian, bryht, byrht
Middle English: briht, briȝt, bright
English: bright
→ Icelandic: bræt
Geordie English: breet
Scots: bricht

Old Saxon: berht, beraht

desc

⇒ Middle Low German: brecht m (“shine, brightness, glory”, noun)

Old Dutch: *berht

⇒ Old Dutch: filoberht (“very bright”)

⇒ Middle Dutch: onbrecht, ombrecht (“unclear”)

⇒ Middle Dutch: Brecht, Brechta, Bert, Berte (personal names)

Dutch: Brecht, Bert

Old High German: berht, perht, beraht, peraht

⇒ Old High German: giberaht

Middle High German: gebërht

Middle High German: bërht

⇒ German: Bert, Bert-, -bert, -brecht (in personal names)


herdu

herdu (nominative singular)
herdō (nominative plural)
herdā (accusative singular)
herdā (accusative plural)
herdā (genitive singular)
herdō (genitive plural)
herdē (dative singular)
herdōm (dative plural)
herdum (dative plural)
herdu (instrumental singular)
herdōm (instrumental plural)
herdum (instrumental plural)

Old English: heord, hierd

Middle English: heorde, herde, heerde

English: herd

Scots: hird, herd

Old Frisian: *herde; (herdere)

(West Frisian: harder, hoeder)

Old Saxon: herda

Middle Low German: hērde, hirde

German Low German: Heerde

Old Dutch: *herda

Middle Dutch: herde, harde, hāerde, hēerde, hirde

Old High German: herta

Middle High German: hërt

German: Herde

Luxembourgish: Häerd

→ Old French: herde

Middle French: harde

French: harde


erþu

erþu (nominative singular)
erþō (nominative plural)
erþā (accusative singular)
erþā (accusative plural)
erþā (genitive singular)
erþō (genitive plural)
erþē (dative singular)
erþōm (dative plural)
erþum (dative plural)
erþu (instrumental singular)
erþōm (instrumental plural)
erþum (instrumental plural)
*erþā (alternative)

desctree

Old English: eorþe, earþe — Northumbrian, iorþe — Kentish, eorþ, yrþ, eorðe, eorþo, eorþu, eorþæ, heorðe, heordæ, eorda, eordæ, eorða
Middle English: erthe, eerthe, eorthe, eorþe, ereth, erth, erþ, erþe, irthe, yrþe, orþe, ȝorthe, horþe, horðe, urþe, urthe, hurde, erde, earþe, erðe, eorðe, eorth, herðe (Early Middle English), oerþe, oerþ (Herebert)
English: earth; Earth
Middle Scots: erd, erde, ȝerd, ȝeird (influenced by erd)
Scots: yird; Yird
Yola: erth, eart, eard, eord, eorth

Old Frisian: erthe, erde, irthe
Saterland Frisian: Äide, Idde, Äid
West Frisian: ierde

Old Saxon: ertha, erda
Middle Low German: ērde
Low German: Erde
Dutch Low Saxon: eerde
German Low German: Eer, Eerd, Eerde, Ier, Ierd, Ierde
Westphalian:
Lippisch: Eren (dative (as in up Eren) and genitive (as in in der Eren Grund))
Ravensbergisch: Airn
Sauerländisch: Ēre, Ere, Ǟre, Ēäre
Westmünsterländisch: Eerde, Eere, Äärde, Ääre, Iärde
Plautdietsch: Ead, Ieed

Old Dutch: ertha
Middle Dutch: erde
Dutch: aarde, aard
Afrikaans: aarde
Negerhollands: aarde, adu, aerde
→ Virgin Islands Creole: adu, ard (archaic)
→ Indonesian: arde
Limburgish: aerd, aerj

Old High German: ërda, haerda
Middle High German: ërde
Alemannic German: Ëërde
Bavarian: Erd, Erdn
Cimbrian: èerda
Central Franconian: Ääd, Erd (Moselle Franconian), Äerd
Hunsrik: Äerd
Kölsch: Äd
German: Erde
Luxembourgish: Äerd
Rhine Franconian: Erd
Pennsylvania German: Erd, Aerd, Eaht
Vilamovian: aod
Yiddish: ערד (erd)


smeru

smeru (nominative singular)
smeru (nominative plural)
smeru (accusative singular)
smeru (accusative plural)
smerwas (genitive singular)
smerwō (genitive plural)
smerwē (dative singular)
smerum (dative plural)
smeru (instrumental singular)
smerum (instrumental plural)

Old English: smeoru

Middle English: smer, smere

English: smear

Scots: smergh

Old Frisian: smere

Saterland Frisian: Smeer

West Frisian: smoar

Old Saxon: smero

Middle Low German: smēr, smör

(German Low German: Smeer)

Old Dutch: smero

Middle Dutch: smere, smer

Dutch: smeer
Afrikaans: smeer
→ Caribbean Javanese: semir
→ Indonesian: semir
→ Papiamentu: smeer (dated)

Old High German: smero
Middle High German: smër
Alemannic German: Schmër
German: Schmer
→ Polish: smar
→ Carpathian Rusyn: смар (smar)
→ Slovak: cmar


smirwijan

smirwijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
smirwijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
smirwijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
smirwijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
smirwiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
smirwidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
smirwisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
smirwidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
smirwidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
smirwiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
smirwidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
smirwidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
smirwijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
smirwidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
smirwiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
smirwidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
smirwijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
smirwidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
smirwijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
smirwidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
smirwijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
smirwidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
smirwijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
smirwidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
smirwijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
smirwidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
smirwijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
smirwidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
smirwijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
smirwidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
smirwi (class-1 present singular weak)
smirwiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
smirwijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
smirwid (class-1 participle past weak)

desc

Old English: smirwan, smierwan, smyrian, smerian

Middle English: smerien, smeren

English: smear

Scots: smere, smeir

Old Frisian: *smera

Saterland Frisian: smeere

West Frisian: smarre

Old Saxon: *smirwian, *smirian

Middle Low German: smeren

Low German: smeren

Old Dutch: *smirwen, *smiren

Middle Dutch: smeren

desctree

Dutch: smeren
Afrikaans: smeer
Negerhollands: smeer
→ Indonesian: semir
→ Papiamentu: smer
→ West Frisian: smeare

Old High German: smirwen

Middle High German: smirwen

Alemannic German: schmirre

German: schmieren

→ Polish: szmira

Hunsrik: schmeere

Luxembourgish: schmieren

Yiddish: שמיר (shmir)
→ English: shmear

From Proto-Germanic *smirwijaną. Equivalent to *smeru (“grease, butter, fat”) + *-jan.


birkijā

birkijā (nominative singular)
birkijōn (nominative plural)
birkijōn (accusative singular)
birkijōn (accusative plural)
birkijōn (genitive singular)
birkijōnō (genitive plural)
birkijōn (dative singular)
birkijōm (dative plural)
birkijum (dative plural)
birkijōn (instrumental singular)
birkijōm (instrumental plural)
birkijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: bierċe, birċe, birċiae — early
Middle English: birche, byrche, birch, birk, byrke, birke, breche
English: birch
Northumbrian: birk
Scots: birk

Old Frisian: birk

West Frisian: bjirk

Old Saxon: birka, berka

Middle Low German: berke, barke

Low German: Bark

Plautdietsch: Boakj

Old Dutch: *birca
Middle Dutch: berke
Dutch: berk
Afrikaans: berk
Limburgish: bèrk

Old High German: birihha, birka, bircha

Middle High German: birke (< birka, bircha)

German: Birke

Luxembourgish: Bierk

From Proto-Germanic *birkijǭ. Equivalent to *berku + *-jā (agent suffix).


kaldī

kaldī (nominative singular)
kaldīn (accusative singular)
kaldīn (genitive singular)
kaldīn (dative singular)
kaldīn (instrumental singular)

Old English: ċieldu, ċyldu, ċealdu, caldu
Middle English: chelde, kelde

Old Frisian: kalde, kelde

Saterland Frisian: Keelde

West Frisian: kjeld

Old Saxon: *kaldī, *keldī, *kaldīn

desc

Middle Low German: kōlde, kölde, kȫlde, kelde, kulde, külde, külle, kalde, küldene, kuldene

German Low German: Kolle, Koll

Old Dutch: *keldi

Middle Dutch: kelde, koude

Dutch: koude, kouwe, kou

Afrikaans: koue

desctree

Old High German: kaltī, chaldī, chalte, chaltī, chaltīn, keltīn
Middle High German: kelte
Alemannic German: Chälti, Chelti
Central Franconian: Käll
Cimbrian: khélte
German: Kälte
Luxembourgish: Keelt
Vilamovian: kełt

From *kald (“cold”) + *-ī (abstract noun suffix).


þrangwijan

þrangwijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
þrangwijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
þrangwijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
þrangwijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
þrangwiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
þrangwidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
þrangwisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
þrangwidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
þrangwidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
þrangwiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
þrangwidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
þrangwidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
þrangwijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
þrangwidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
þrangwiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
þrangwidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
þrangwijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
þrangwidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
þrangwijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
þrangwidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
þrangwijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
þrangwidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
þrangwijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
þrangwidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
þrangwijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
þrangwidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
þrangwijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
þrangwidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
þrangwijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
þrangwidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
þrangwi (class-1 present singular weak)
þrangwiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
þrangwijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
þrangwid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *þrengan

Middle English: threngen (possibly also via Old Norse)

Old Saxon: *threngian

Middle Low German: drengen

German Low German: drängen

Old Dutch: *threngen

Middle Dutch: drengen

Old High German: drengen

Middle High German: drengen

q

merged with <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">drangen</i>

German: drängen (merged with drangen)

Luxembourgish: drängen


þringwan

þringwan (infinitive)
þringwannjas (genitive infinitive)
þringwannjē (dative infinitive)
þringwannju (infinitive instrumental)
þringu (first-person present singular)
þrangw (first-person past singular)
þringwiʀi (present second-person singular)
þrungī (past second-person singular)
þringwidi (present singular third-person)
þrangw (past singular third-person)
þringum (first-person plural present)
þrungum (first-person past plural)
þringwid (plural present second-person)
þrungud (past plural second-person)
þringwand (plural present third-person)
þrungun (past plural third-person)
þringwē (first-person present singular)
þrungī (first-person past singular)
þringwēs (present second-person singular)
þringwē (present singular third-person)
þrungī (past singular third-person)
þringwēm (first-person plural present)
þrungīm (first-person past plural)
þringwēþ (plural present second-person)
þrungīd (past plural second-person)
þringwēn (plural present third-person)
þrungīn (past plural third-person)
þringw (present singular)
þringwid (plural present)
þringwandī (participle present)
þrungan (participle past)

Old English: þringan

Middle English: thringen

Scots: thring, dring

English: thring

Old Frisian: thringa

Saterland Frisian: tringe

(West Frisian: kringe ?)

Old Saxon: thringan

Middle Low German: dringen

German Low German: dringen

Low German: dringen

desctree

Old Dutch: *thringan
Middle Dutch: dringen
Dutch: dringen
Afrikaans: dring
Limburgish: dringe

Old High German: dringan

Middle High German: dringen

German: dringen

Luxembourgish: dréngen

Yiddish: דרינגען (dringen)

From Proto-Germanic *þrinhwaną, with the voiced Verner alternant extended throughout the paradigm.


sankwijan

sankwijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
sankwijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
sankwijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
sankwijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
sankwiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
sankwidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
sankwisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
sankwidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
sankwidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
sankwiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
sankwidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
sankwidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
sankwijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
sankwidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
sankwiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
sankwidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
sankwijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
sankwidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
sankwijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
sankwidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
sankwijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
sankwidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
sankwijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
sankwidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
sankwijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
sankwidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
sankwijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
sankwidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
sankwijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
sankwidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
sankwi (class-1 present singular weak)
sankwiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
sankwijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
sankwid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: sencan

Old Frisian: senka, senza

Old Saxon: senkian

Middle Low German: senken

Old Dutch: senken

Middle Dutch: senken

q

obsolete, only attested as <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">sencken</i>

Dutch: *zenken (obsolete, only attested as sencken)

Old High German: senken

Middle High German: senken

German: senken

Luxembourgish: senken


waikwijan

waikwijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
waikwijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
waikwijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
waikwijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
waikwiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
waikwidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
waikwisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
waikwidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
waikwidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
waikwiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
waikwidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
waikwidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
waikwijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
waikwidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
waikwiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
waikwidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
waikwijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
waikwidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
waikwijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
waikwidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
waikwijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
waikwidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
waikwijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
waikwidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
waikwijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
waikwidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
waikwijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
waikwidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
waikwijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
waikwidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
waikwi (class-1 present singular weak)
waikwiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
waikwijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
waikwid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: wǣcan

Old Frisian: wēka

Old Saxon: *wēkian

Middle Low German: weiken

Old Dutch: wēken

desctree

Middle Dutch: wēken, weiken
Dutch: weken
Afrikaans: week
Limburgish: weike

Old High German: weihhen

Middle High German: weichen

Cimbrian: bòochan

German: weichen

Luxembourgish: weechen

→ Old French: avachir

Middle French: avachir

French: avachir

From Proto-Germanic *waikwijaną. Equivalent to *waikw (“weak, soft”) + *-jan.


wīkwan

wīkwan (infinitive)
wīkwannjas (genitive infinitive)
wīkwannjē (dative infinitive)
wīkwannju (infinitive instrumental)
wīku (first-person present singular)
waikw (first-person past singular)
wīkwiʀi (present second-person singular)
wikwī (past second-person singular)
wīkwidi (present singular third-person)
waikw (past singular third-person)
wīkum (first-person plural present)
wikum (first-person past plural)
wīkwid (plural present second-person)
wikud (past plural second-person)
wīkwand (plural present third-person)
wikun (past plural third-person)
wīkwē (first-person present singular)
wikwī (first-person past singular)
wīkwēs (present second-person singular)
wīkwē (present singular third-person)
wikwī (past singular third-person)
wīkwēm (first-person plural present)
wikwīm (first-person past plural)
wīkwēþ (plural present second-person)
wikwīd (past plural second-person)
wīkwēn (plural present third-person)
wikwīn (past plural third-person)
wīkw (present singular)
wīkwid (plural present)
wīkwandī (participle present)
wikwan (participle past)

Old English: wīcan

Middle English: wiken

English: wick (“to strike aslant”)

Scots: wick

Old Frisian: wīka

Saterland Frisian: wieke

West Frisian: wike, wyke

Old Saxon: wīkan

Middle Low German: wîken

German Low German: wieken

Old Dutch: *wīcan
Middle Dutch: wiken
Dutch: wijken
Afrikaans: wyk
Limburgish: wieke

Old High German: wīhhan

Middle High German: wīchen

Cimbrian: baichan

German: weichen


waikw

waikw (masculine nominative singular)
waikwu (feminine nominative singular)
waikw (neuter nominative singular)
waikwanā (accusative masculine singular)
waikwā (accusative feminine singular)
waikw (accusative neuter singular)
waikwas (genitive masculine singular)
waikweʀā (feminine genitive singular)
waikwas (genitive neuter singular)
waikwumē (dative masculine singular)
waikweʀē (dative feminine singular)
waikwumē (dative neuter singular)
waikwu (instrumental masculine singular)
waikweʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
waikwu (instrumental neuter singular)
waikwē (masculine nominative plural)
waikwō (feminine nominative plural)
waikwu (neuter nominative plural)
waikwā (accusative masculine plural)
waikwā (accusative feminine plural)
waikwu (accusative neuter plural)
waikweʀō (genitive masculine plural)
waikweʀō (feminine genitive plural)
waikweʀō (genitive neuter plural)
waikwēm (dative masculine plural)
waikwum (dative masculine plural)
waikwēm (dative feminine plural)
waikwum (dative feminine plural)
waikwēm (dative neuter plural)
waikwum (dative neuter plural)
waikwēm (instrumental masculine plural)
waikwum (instrumental masculine plural)
waikwēm (feminine instrumental plural)
waikwum (feminine instrumental plural)
waikwēm (instrumental neuter plural)
waikwum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: wāc

Middle English: wac, wake, woc, woke

Scots: wak, wake, waik (conflated with Norse borrowings)

Old Frisian: wāk

Saterland Frisian: wook

West Frisian: weak

Old Saxon: wēk

Middle Low German: wêk

Low German: week

Old Dutch: wēk (in derivatives)

Middle Dutch: wêec

Dutch: week

Old High German: weih
Middle High German: weich
German: weich
Hunsrik: weuch
Luxembourgish: weech
Yiddish: ווייך (veykh)


swāsalīk

swāsalīk (masculine nominative singular)
swāsalīku (feminine nominative singular)
swāsalīk (neuter nominative singular)
swāsalīkanā (accusative masculine singular)
swāsalīkā (accusative feminine singular)
swāsalīk (accusative neuter singular)
swāsalīkas (genitive masculine singular)
swāsalīkeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
swāsalīkas (genitive neuter singular)
swāsalīkumē (dative masculine singular)
swāsalīkeʀē (dative feminine singular)
swāsalīkumē (dative neuter singular)
swāsalīku (instrumental masculine singular)
swāsalīkeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
swāsalīku (instrumental neuter singular)
swāsalīkē (masculine nominative plural)
swāsalīkō (feminine nominative plural)
swāsalīku (neuter nominative plural)
swāsalīkā (accusative masculine plural)
swāsalīkā (accusative feminine plural)
swāsalīku (accusative neuter plural)
swāsalīkeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
swāsalīkeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
swāsalīkeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
swāsalīkēm (dative masculine plural)
swāsalīkum (dative masculine plural)
swāsalīkēm (dative feminine plural)
swāsalīkum (dative feminine plural)
swāsalīkēm (dative neuter plural)
swāsalīkum (dative neuter plural)
swāsalīkēm (instrumental masculine plural)
swāsalīkum (instrumental masculine plural)
swāsalīkēm (feminine instrumental plural)
swāsalīkum (feminine instrumental plural)
swāsalīkēm (instrumental neuter plural)
swāsalīkum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: swǣslic

Old Frisian: swēslik

Old Saxon: swāslīk, swēslīk

Old High German: swāslīh

From Proto-Germanic *swēsalīkaz. Equivilant to *swās + *-līk.


abunsti

abunsti (nominative singular)
abunstī (nominative plural)
abunsti (accusative singular)
abunstī (accusative plural)
abunstī (genitive singular)
abunstijō (genitive plural)
abunstī (dative singular)
abunstim (dative plural)
abunstijum (dative plural)
abunstī (instrumental singular)
abunstim (instrumental plural)
abunstijum (instrumental plural)
*abundi (alternative)
*abandi (alternative)
*abansti (alternative)

Old English: æfest, æfæst, æfst; æfstu

desc

Middle English: evest, eust, efst, æfest (Early Middle English)

Old Saxon: avunst

Old High German: abunt, abanst

Middle High German: abunst, abanst

From Proto-Germanic *abundiz, remodelled after *unsti.


grōan

grōan (infinitive)
grōannjas (genitive infinitive)
grōannjē (dative infinitive)
grōannju (infinitive instrumental)
grōu (first-person present singular)
greō (first-person past singular)
grōiʀi (present second-person singular)
greōī (past second-person singular)
grōidi (present singular third-person)
greō (past singular third-person)
grōum (first-person plural present)
greōum (first-person past plural)
grōid (plural present second-person)
greōud (past plural second-person)
grōand (plural present third-person)
greōun (past plural third-person)
grōē (first-person present singular)
greōī (first-person past singular)
grōēs (present second-person singular)
grōē (present singular third-person)
greōī (past singular third-person)
grōēm (first-person plural present)
greōīm (first-person past plural)
grōēþ (plural present second-person)
greōīd (past plural second-person)
grōēn (plural present third-person)
greōīn (past plural third-person)
grō (present singular)
grōid (plural present)
grōandī (participle present)
grōan (participle past)

Old English: grōwan

Middle English: growen

Scots: grow

English: grow

Old Frisian: grōwa, grōa, grōia

North Frisian: growen, grojen

Saterland Frisian: groie, groaie

West Frisian: groeie

Old Saxon: *grōian

Middle Low German: grôjen, grôen

German Low German: grojen

desctree

Old Dutch: gruoien
Middle Dutch: groeyen
Dutch: groeien
Afrikaans: groei
Limburgish: gröjje

Old High German: gruoen

Middle High German: grüejen


salbu

salbu (nominative singular)
salbō (nominative plural)
salbā (accusative singular)
salbā (accusative plural)
salbā (genitive singular)
salbō (genitive plural)
salbē (dative singular)
salbōm (dative plural)
salbum (dative plural)
salbu (instrumental singular)
salbōm (instrumental plural)
salbum (instrumental plural)

Old English: sealf
Middle English: salve, salf, salfe, salff, salffe, salwe, selve, scealfe, sealfe, sealve (Early Middle English), sallfe (Ormulum)
English: salve
Scots: saw

Old Frisian: *salf; *salve (suggested by derivative salva)

Saterland Frisian: Soolve

West Frisian: salve

Old Saxon: salva

Middle Low German: salve

German Low German: Saalv

→ Old Swedish: salva

Swedish: salva

→ Danish: salve

→ Icelandic: salvi

→ Faroese: salva, sálva

Old Dutch: salva
Middle Dutch: salve
Dutch: zalf
Afrikaans: salf
Negerhollands: salv
→ Caribbean Javanese: salep
→ Indonesian: salep

Old High German: salba

Middle High German: salp

German: Salbe

Hunsrik: Salleb

Luxembourgish: Sallef

Yiddish: זאַלב (zalb)


galgō

galgō (nominative singular)
galgan (nominative plural)
galgan (accusative singular)
galgan (accusative plural)
galgini (genitive singular)
galgan (genitive singular)
galganō (genitive plural)
galgini (dative singular)
galgan (dative singular)
galgum (dative plural)
galgini (instrumental singular)
galgan (instrumental singular)
galgum (instrumental plural)

Old English: ġealga, galga — Anglian
Middle English: galwes, galwe, galowe, galewes
Scots: galow, gallo, gallows
English: gallow, gallows

Old Frisian: galga

North Frisian: gulig

Saterland Frisian: Galge

West Frisian: galge

Old Saxon: galgo

Middle Low German: galge

German Low German: Galge, Galg

Low German: Galgen

Plautdietsch: Gaulj

Old Dutch: *galga

Middle Dutch: galge

Dutch: galg

Afrikaans: galg

Old High German: galgo, galga
Middle High German: galge
Alemannic German: Galge
German: Galgen
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: галге
Latin script: galge
Luxembourgish: Gaalgen

→ Old French: jauge, gauge
Middle French: jauge
French: jauge
→ Galician: galgar
→ Middle English: gauge, gage
Scots: gauge
English: gauge


swalwā

swalwā (nominative singular)
swalwōn (nominative plural)
swalwōn (accusative singular)
swalwōn (accusative plural)
swalwōn (genitive singular)
swalwōnō (genitive plural)
swalwōn (dative singular)
swalwōm (dative plural)
swalwum (dative plural)
swalwōn (instrumental singular)
swalwōm (instrumental plural)
swalwum (instrumental plural)

Old English: swealwe, swealewe
Middle English: swalwe, swalewe, swalowe, swhalow, sualow, swalow, swalue, swolwe, swaluwe, swalew, swalugh
English: swallow
Scots: swalla, swallae

Old Frisian: swale

North Frisian: swaal, swul, swol

⇒ Saterland Frisian: Swoalke, Swoolke

West Frisian: swel

Old Saxon: swala

Middle Low German: swale

Dutch Low Saxon: swaalfe

German Low German: Schwaale

Old Dutch: *swalwa, *swalawa

Middle Dutch: swalwe, swalewe

Dutch: zwaluw, zwalf, zwavel, zwalver, zwalm (dialectal)
Afrikaans: swael

Old High German: swalawa

Middle High German: swalwe

Alemannic German: Schwalme

Swabian: Schwaba

desc

Central Franconian: Schwalleb, Schwallef, Schmallef, Schmollef, Schmorbel, Schmärbel, Schmälwer, Schwalwer, Schwalfter, Schwarbel, Schwawel, Schwaal

Hunsrik: Schwalleb

Luxembourgish: Schmuewel, Schmuebel, Schmuelef

desctree

German: Schwalbe
→ Dutch: schwalbe
→ Silesian: šwalbkowate (compounded with native word)

Vilamovian: śwojmła


gasehwan

gasehwan (infinitive)
gasehwannjas (genitive infinitive)
gasehwannjē (dative infinitive)
gasehwannju (infinitive instrumental)
gasehu (first-person present singular)
gasahw (first-person past singular)
gasihwiʀi (present second-person singular)
gasāwī (past second-person singular)
gasihwidi (present singular third-person)
gasahw (past singular third-person)
gasehum (first-person plural present)
gasāgum (first-person past plural)
gasihwid (plural present second-person)
gasāgud (past plural second-person)
gasehwand (plural present third-person)
gasāgun (past plural third-person)
gasehwē (first-person present singular)
gasāwī (first-person past singular)
gasehwēs (present second-person singular)
gasehwē (present singular third-person)
gasāwī (past singular third-person)
gasehwēm (first-person plural present)
gasāwīm (first-person past plural)
gasehwēþ (plural present second-person)
gasāwīd (past plural second-person)
gasehwēn (plural present third-person)
gasāwīn (past plural third-person)
gasihw (present singular)
gasihwid (plural present)
gasehwandī (participle present)
gasewan (participle past)

Old English: ġesēon, ġesēa, ġisēa — Northumbrian, ġesēan, ġesīan, ġesīon — Mercian
Middle English: yseen

Old Frisian: gisian

Old Saxon: gisehan

Middle Low German: gesēn

Old Dutch: gisian

Middle Dutch: gesien

Dutch: gezien (obsolete)

Old High German: gisehan

Middle High German: gesëhen

Alemannic German: gsë

Central Franconian: gesinn

German: gesehen

Luxembourgish: gesinn

From Proto-Germanic *gasehwaną. Equivalent to *ga- + *sehwan.


kīnan

kīnan (infinitive)
kīnannjas (genitive infinitive)
kīnannjē (dative infinitive)
kīnannju (infinitive instrumental)
kīnu (first-person present singular)
kain (first-person past singular)
kīniʀi (present second-person singular)
kinī (past second-person singular)
kīnidi (present singular third-person)
kain (past singular third-person)
kīnum (first-person plural present)
kinum (first-person past plural)
kīnid (plural present second-person)
kinud (past plural second-person)
kīnand (plural present third-person)
kinun (past plural third-person)
kīnē (first-person present singular)
kinī (first-person past singular)
kīnēs (present second-person singular)
kīnē (present singular third-person)
kinī (past singular third-person)
kīnēm (first-person plural present)
kinīm (first-person past plural)
kīnēþ (plural present second-person)
kinīd (past plural second-person)
kīnēn (plural present third-person)
kinīn (past plural third-person)
kīn (present singular)
kīnid (plural present)
kīnandī (participle present)
kinan (participle past)

Old English: ċīnan
Middle English: chynen, chine, chyne
English: chine (obsolete)
Scots: chime, chun

Old Frisian: *kīna

Saterland Frisian: kiene

Old Saxon: kīnan

q

influenced by <i class="Latn mention" lang="gml">kīme</i>

Middle Low German: kînen, ⇒ kîmen (influenced by kīme)

German Low German: kienen

Old Dutch: *kīnan
Middle Dutch: kinen

Old High German: kīnan

influenced by <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmh">kīme</i>

Middle High German: kīnen, ⇒ kīmen (influenced by kīme)

German: keimen

desc

→⇒ Old French: rekigner, reschignier, rechignier (“to grimace”)

Old French: *rekin, reschin (“shark”)

Middle French: requin (via Norman French)

French: requin

→ English: requin


þwahl

þwahl (nominative singular)
þwahhlu (nominative plural)
þwahl (accusative singular)
þwahhlu (accusative plural)
þwahhlas (genitive singular)
þwahhlō (genitive plural)
þwahhlē (dative singular)
þwahhlum (dative plural)
þwahhlu (instrumental singular)
þwahhlum (instrumental plural)

Old English: þwēal

Middle English: thweal

Old High German: dwahal

⇒ Old High German: dwahalkar (“washtub”)


þwangi

þwangi (nominative singular)
þwangī (nominative plural)
þwangi (accusative singular)
þwangī (accusative plural)
þwangī (genitive singular)
þwangijō (genitive plural)
þwangī (dative singular)
þwangim (dative plural)
þwangijum (dative plural)
þwangī (instrumental singular)
þwangim (instrumental plural)
þwangijum (instrumental plural)
*þwang (alternative)

desctree

Old English: þwang, þwong, þwæng, þweng
Middle English: thong, thwong, thwang
English: thong
Scots: thwang, thwayng, thang
Yola: fong

Old Frisian: thwong, thwang

Saterland Frisian: Twoang

West Frisian: twang

Old Saxon: *thwang

Middle Low German: dwanc, dwank

German Low German: Dwang

Old Dutch: *thwang

Middle Dutch: dwanc

Dutch: dwang
Afrikaans: dwang
Negerhollands: twang
→ Indonesian: paksaan (semantic loan)

desc

Old High German: dwang (“bit, bridle, rein, restraint”)

Middle High German: twanc

German: Zwang

From a merger of Proto-Germanic *þwangiz and *þwangaz; both from earlier Proto-Germanic *þwanguz (“force, restraint, band”).


traustijan

traustijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
traustijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
traustijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
traustijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
traustiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
traustidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
traustisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
traustidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
traustidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
traustiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
traustidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
traustidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
traustijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
traustidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
traustiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
traustidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
traustijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
traustidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
traustijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
traustidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
traustijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
traustidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
traustijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
traustidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
traustijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
traustidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
traustijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
traustidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
traustijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
traustidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
trausti (class-1 present singular weak)
traustiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
traustijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
traustid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: trāsta

Saterland Frisian: traaste

West Frisian: treaste

Old Saxon: trōstian

Middle Low German: trôsten, trö̂sten

Middle Low German: tröösten

desctree

Old Dutch: trōsten
Middle Dutch: trôosten
Dutch: troosten
Afrikaans: troos

Old High German: trōsten

Middle High German: trœsten

German: trösten

From Proto-Germanic *traustijaną. Equivalent to *traust (“strong, confident”) + *-jan or *traust (“help, aid”) + *-jan.


kīban

kīban (infinitive)
kībannjas (genitive infinitive)
kībannjē (dative infinitive)
kībannju (infinitive instrumental)
kību (first-person present singular)
kaib (first-person past singular)
kībiʀi (present second-person singular)
kibī (past second-person singular)
kībidi (present singular third-person)
kaib (past singular third-person)
kībum (first-person plural present)
kibum (first-person past plural)
kībid (plural present second-person)
kibud (past plural second-person)
kīband (plural present third-person)
kibun (past plural third-person)
kībē (first-person present singular)
kibī (first-person past singular)
kībēs (present second-person singular)
kībē (present singular third-person)
kibī (past singular third-person)
kībēm (first-person plural present)
kibīm (first-person past plural)
kībēþ (plural present second-person)
kibīd (past plural second-person)
kībēn (plural present third-person)
kibīn (past plural third-person)
kīb (present singular)
kībid (plural present)
kībandī (participle present)
kiban (participle past)

Old Frisian: zīvia

Old Saxon: *kīvan

Middle Low German: kîven

Old Dutch: *kīvan

Middle Dutch: kiven

Dutch: kijven

Afrikaans: kyf

Old High German: *kīban

Middle High German: kīben

q

German: keifen (influenced by Low and West Central German)


spendōn

spendōn (infinitive)
spendōnijas (genitive infinitive)
spendōnijē (dative infinitive)
spendōniju (infinitive instrumental)
spendō (first-person present singular)
spendōdā (first-person past singular)
spendōs (present second-person singular)
spendōdēs (past second-person singular)
spendōdōs (past second-person singular)
spendōþ (present singular third-person)
spendōdē (past singular third-person)
spendōdā (past singular third-person)
spendōm (first-person plural present)
spendōdum (first-person past plural)
spendōþ (plural present second-person)
spendōdud (past plural second-person)
spendōnþ (plural present third-person)
spendōdun (past plural third-person)
spendōdī (first-person past singular)
spendōdī (past second-person singular)
spendō (present singular third-person)
spendōdī (past singular third-person)
spendōdīm (first-person past plural)
spendōdīd (past plural second-person)
spendōn (plural present third-person)
spendōdīn (past plural third-person)
spendō (present singular)
spendōþ (plural present)
spendōndī (participle present)
spendōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *spendōn

Middle Low German: spenden

German Low German: spenden, spennen

Old Dutch: *spendon

Middle Dutch: spenden

Old High German: spentōn

Middle High German: spënden

German: spenden


fraslindan

fraslindan (infinitive)
fraslindannjas (genitive infinitive)
fraslindannjē (dative infinitive)
fraslindannju (infinitive instrumental)
fraslindu (first-person present singular)
frasland (first-person past singular)
fraslindiʀi (present second-person singular)
fraslundī (past second-person singular)
fraslindidi (present singular third-person)
frasland (past singular third-person)
fraslindum (first-person plural present)
fraslundum (first-person past plural)
fraslindid (plural present second-person)
fraslundud (past plural second-person)
fraslindand (plural present third-person)
fraslundun (past plural third-person)
fraslindē (first-person present singular)
fraslundī (first-person past singular)
fraslindēs (present second-person singular)
fraslindē (present singular third-person)
fraslundī (past singular third-person)
fraslindēm (first-person plural present)
fraslundīm (first-person past plural)
fraslindēþ (plural present second-person)
fraslundīd (past plural second-person)
fraslindēn (plural present third-person)
fraslundīn (past plural third-person)
fraslind (present singular)
fraslindid (plural present)
fraslindandī (participle present)
fraslundan (participle past)

Old Saxon: *farslindan

Middle Low German: vorslinden

Old Dutch: *farslindan

Middle Dutch: verslinden, verslingen

Dutch: verslinden, (archaic) verslingen

Afrikaans: verslind, verslinde

→ English: forsling

Old High German:

Middle High German:

German: verschlingen

From Proto-Germanic *fraslindaną. Equivalent to *fra- + *slindan.


slindan

slindan (infinitive)
slindannjas (genitive infinitive)
slindannjē (dative infinitive)
slindannju (infinitive instrumental)
slindu (first-person present singular)
sland (first-person past singular)
slindiʀi (present second-person singular)
slundī (past second-person singular)
slindidi (present singular third-person)
sland (past singular third-person)
slindum (first-person plural present)
slundum (first-person past plural)
slindid (plural present second-person)
slundud (past plural second-person)
slindand (plural present third-person)
slundun (past plural third-person)
slindē (first-person present singular)
slundī (first-person past singular)
slindēs (present second-person singular)
slindē (present singular third-person)
slundī (past singular third-person)
slindēm (first-person plural present)
slundīm (first-person past plural)
slindēþ (plural present second-person)
slundīd (past plural second-person)
slindēn (plural present third-person)
slundīn (past plural third-person)
slind (present singular)
slindid (plural present)
slindandī (participle present)
slundan (participle past)

Old Frisian: *slinda

West Frisian: sline

Old Saxon: slindan

Middle Low German: slinden

Low German: slinden

Old Dutch: *slindan

Middle Dutch: slinden

Dutch: slinden (obsolete)

Old High German: slintan

Middle High German: slinden

German: schlinden


wīhijan

wīhijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
wīhijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
wīhijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
wīhijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
wīhiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wīhidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wīhisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wīhidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wīhidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wīhiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wīhidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wīhidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wīhijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wīhidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
wīhiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wīhidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wīhijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wīhidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
wīhijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wīhidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wīhijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wīhidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wīhijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wīhidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wīhijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wīhidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
wīhijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wīhidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wīhijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wīhidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
wīhi (class-1 present singular weak)
wīhiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
wīhijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
wīhid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

⇒ Old English: fulwian (“to baptize”) (< *fullawīhijan)
Middle English: fullen
English: full (obsolete)

Old Frisian: wīa

Saterland Frisian: wäie

West Frisian: wije

Old Saxon: wīhian

Middle Low German: wîhen, wîen, wîgen

Low German: wiehen

Old Dutch: wīen
Middle Dutch: wiën
Dutch: wijden
Limburgish: wieje

Old High German: wīhen

Cimbrian: baigan

German: weihen

Luxembourgish: weien


hwīlu

hwīlu (nominative singular)
hwīlō (nominative plural)
hwīlā (accusative singular)
hwīlā (accusative plural)
hwīlā (genitive singular)
hwīlō (genitive plural)
hwīlē (dative singular)
hwīlōm (dative plural)
hwīlum (dative plural)
hwīlu (instrumental singular)
hwīlōm (instrumental plural)
hwīlum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hwīl, huīl
Middle English: whyle, while, hwile, qhyle, wile
English: while
Scots: while
Yola: while

Old Frisian: hwīle

West Frisian: wile

Old Saxon: hwīla
Middle Low German: wīle
German Low German: Wiel

Old Dutch: wīla

Middle Dutch: wile

Dutch: wijl

Afrikaans: wyl

Limburgish: wiel

Old High German: wīla, hwīla

Middle High German: wīle

Bavarian: Wäu, Wei, Weil

Cimbrian: baille, baila (Luserna)

German: Weile, weil

Yiddish: ווײַלע (vayle)

→ Old Czech: chvíle, chvíľe (alternative writing)
Czech: chvíle

→ Old Polish: chwila (“moment”), fila
Polish: chwila, chfila (Middle Polish), chwiła (Central Greater Poland, Poznań)
→ Belarusian: хві́ля (xvílja)
→ Kashubian: chwila
→ Ukrainian: хви́ля (xvýlja)
Silesian: chwila

→ Old Slovak: chvíľa, chvieľa

Pannonian Rusyn: хвиля (xvilja)

Slovak: chvíľa (“moment”)


fūl

fūl (masculine nominative singular)
fūlu (feminine nominative singular)
fūl (neuter nominative singular)
fūlanā (accusative masculine singular)
fūlā (accusative feminine singular)
fūl (accusative neuter singular)
fūlas (genitive masculine singular)
fūleʀā (feminine genitive singular)
fūlas (genitive neuter singular)
fūlumē (dative masculine singular)
fūleʀē (dative feminine singular)
fūlumē (dative neuter singular)
fūlu (instrumental masculine singular)
fūleʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
fūlu (instrumental neuter singular)
fūlē (masculine nominative plural)
fūlō (feminine nominative plural)
fūlu (neuter nominative plural)
fūlā (accusative masculine plural)
fūlā (accusative feminine plural)
fūlu (accusative neuter plural)
fūleʀō (genitive masculine plural)
fūleʀō (feminine genitive plural)
fūleʀō (genitive neuter plural)
fūlēm (dative masculine plural)
fūlum (dative masculine plural)
fūlēm (dative feminine plural)
fūlum (dative feminine plural)
fūlēm (dative neuter plural)
fūlum (dative neuter plural)
fūlēm (instrumental masculine plural)
fūlum (instrumental masculine plural)
fūlēm (feminine instrumental plural)
fūlum (feminine instrumental plural)
fūlēm (instrumental neuter plural)
fūlum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: fūl

Middle English: foul

English: foul

Scots: foul

Old Frisian: fūl

Saterland Frisian: fuul

West Frisian: fûl

Old Saxon: *fūl (in derivatives)

Middle Low German: vûl

German Low German: fuul

Old Dutch: *fūl (in derivatives)

Middle Dutch: vuul

Dutch: vuil

Afrikaans: vuil

Old High German: fūl

Middle High German: vūl, voul

Cimbrian: baul

German: faul

Yiddish: פֿױל (foyl)


ahtōn

ahtōn (infinitive)
ahtōnijas (genitive infinitive)
ahtōnijē (dative infinitive)
ahtōniju (infinitive instrumental)
ahtō (first-person present singular)
ahtōdā (first-person past singular)
ahtōs (present second-person singular)
ahtōdēs (past second-person singular)
ahtōdōs (past second-person singular)
ahtōþ (present singular third-person)
ahtōdē (past singular third-person)
ahtōdā (past singular third-person)
ahtōm (first-person plural present)
ahtōdum (first-person past plural)
ahtōþ (plural present second-person)
ahtōdud (past plural second-person)
ahtōnþ (plural present third-person)
ahtōdun (past plural third-person)
ahtōdī (first-person past singular)
ahtōdī (past second-person singular)
ahtō (present singular third-person)
ahtōdī (past singular third-person)
ahtōdīm (first-person past plural)
ahtōdīd (past plural second-person)
ahtōn (plural present third-person)
ahtōdīn (past plural third-person)
ahtō (present singular)
ahtōþ (plural present)
ahtōndī (participle present)
ahtōd (participle past)

Old English: eahtian

Old Frisian: achtia

Old Saxon: ahtōn

Middle Low German: achten

Low German: achten

Plautdietsch: achten

Old Dutch: ahton

Middle Dutch: achten

Dutch: achten

Afrikaans: ag

Limburgish: achte

Old High German: ahtōn

Middle High German: ahten

German: achten

From *ahtu (“consideration, attention”) + *-ōn.


selh

selh (nominative singular)
selhō (nominative plural)
selhōs (nominative plural)
selh (accusative singular)
selhā (accusative plural)
selhas (genitive singular)
selhō (genitive plural)
selhē (dative singular)
selhum (dative plural)
selhu (instrumental singular)
selhum (instrumental plural)

Old English: seolh

Middle English: *selh, sele

Early Scots: selich

Scots: selch, selkie, silkie

English: seal

Old Frisian: *selch

North Frisian: selich

Old Saxon: *selh, *selah

Middle Low German: sēl, sale

Plautdietsch: Säajel

⇒ Low German: saalhund

Old Dutch: *selh

Middle Dutch: sēel, sāel, sēle

desctree

Old High German: selah
Middle High German: sëleh
German: Seel (obsolete)
⇒ German: Seelhund ⇒ Seehund


triwīn

triwīn (masculine nominative singular)
triwīnu (feminine nominative singular)
triwīn (neuter nominative singular)
triwīnanā (accusative masculine singular)
triwīnā (accusative feminine singular)
triwīn (accusative neuter singular)
triwīnas (genitive masculine singular)
triwīneʀā (feminine genitive singular)
triwīnas (genitive neuter singular)
triwīnumē (dative masculine singular)
triwīneʀē (dative feminine singular)
triwīnumē (dative neuter singular)
triwīnu (instrumental masculine singular)
triwīneʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
triwīnu (instrumental neuter singular)
triwīnē (masculine nominative plural)
triwīnō (feminine nominative plural)
triwīnu (neuter nominative plural)
triwīnā (accusative masculine plural)
triwīnā (accusative feminine plural)
triwīnu (accusative neuter plural)
triwīneʀō (genitive masculine plural)
triwīneʀō (feminine genitive plural)
triwīneʀō (genitive neuter plural)
triwīnēm (dative masculine plural)
triwīnum (dative masculine plural)
triwīnēm (dative feminine plural)
triwīnum (dative feminine plural)
triwīnēm (dative neuter plural)
triwīnum (dative neuter plural)
triwīnēm (instrumental masculine plural)
triwīnum (instrumental masculine plural)
triwīnēm (feminine instrumental plural)
triwīnum (feminine instrumental plural)
triwīnēm (instrumental neuter plural)
triwīnum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: trīewen, trēowen

Middle English: trēen

English: treen

Old High German: *trīn

⇒ Old High German: affoltrīn, affultrīn

desc

Middle High German: affolterīn, apfelterīn, apfalterīn, affalterīn

Alemannic German: affolterin

From Proto-Germanic *triwīnaz. Equivalent to *treu (“tree”) + *-īn.


askā

askā (nominative singular)
askōn (nominative plural)
askōn (accusative singular)
askōn (accusative plural)
askōn (genitive singular)
askōnō (genitive plural)
askōn (dative singular)
askōm (dative plural)
askum (dative plural)
askōn (instrumental singular)
askōm (instrumental plural)
askum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: æsce, asċe, axe, acse, ahse, axse, æxe
Middle English: asshe, axe, aske, ash, assche, aysshe, asche, aisshe, asske, acxe, ass, esche, esk, eshe
English: ash
Scots: ess, asch, ais, as, askis
Yola: ashen, oaskean (plural)

Old Frisian: *aske, *eske

Saterland Frisian: Ääske

West Frisian: jiske

Old Saxon: aska
Middle Low German: asche
German Low German: Asch
Plautdietsch: Ausch

Old Dutch: asca
Middle Dutch: asche
Dutch: as, asch (obsolete), asse
Afrikaans: as
Berbice Creole Dutch: asi
Negerhollands: haschěsis, hassesje, assche, ašiši, hašiši, haši, babaši, aschies, assisje, az

Old High German: asca, aska
Middle High German: asche
Alemannic German: Äsche
Cimbrian: èssa
German: Asche
Luxembourgish: Äsch
Vilamovian: oś
Yiddish: אַש (ash)


karōn

karōn (infinitive)
karōnijas (genitive infinitive)
karōnijē (dative infinitive)
karōniju (infinitive instrumental)
karō (first-person present singular)
karōdā (first-person past singular)
karōs (present second-person singular)
karōdēs (past second-person singular)
karōdōs (past second-person singular)
karōþ (present singular third-person)
karōdē (past singular third-person)
karōdā (past singular third-person)
karōm (first-person plural present)
karōdum (first-person past plural)
karōþ (plural present second-person)
karōdud (past plural second-person)
karōnþ (plural present third-person)
karōdun (past plural third-person)
karōdī (first-person past singular)
karōdī (past second-person singular)
karō (present singular third-person)
karōdī (past singular third-person)
karōdīm (first-person past plural)
karōdīd (past plural second-person)
karōn (plural present third-person)
karōdīn (past plural third-person)
karō (present singular)
karōþ (plural present)
karōndī (participle present)
karōd (participle past)

Old English: carian

Middle English: caren

English: care

Scots: care, cair

Old Saxon: karōn

Old High German: karōn, charōn

desc

Middle High German: karen, karn (“to mourn, wail, lament”)

From Proto-Germanic *karōną. Equivalent to *karu (“care, worry”) + *-ōn.


laþōn

laþōn (infinitive)
laþōnijas (genitive infinitive)
laþōnijē (dative infinitive)
laþōniju (infinitive instrumental)
laþō (first-person present singular)
laþōdā (first-person past singular)
laþōs (present second-person singular)
laþōdēs (past second-person singular)
laþōdōs (past second-person singular)
laþōþ (present singular third-person)
laþōdē (past singular third-person)
laþōdā (past singular third-person)
laþōm (first-person plural present)
laþōdum (first-person past plural)
laþōþ (plural present second-person)
laþōdud (past plural second-person)
laþōnþ (plural present third-person)
laþōdun (past plural third-person)
laþōdī (first-person past singular)
laþōdī (past second-person singular)
laþō (present singular third-person)
laþōdī (past singular third-person)
laþōdīm (first-person past plural)
laþōdīd (past plural second-person)
laþōn (plural present third-person)
laþōdīn (past plural third-person)
laþō (present singular)
laþōþ (plural present)
laþōndī (participle present)
laþōd (participle past)

Old English: laþian

Middle English: lathen

English: lathe, laith

Old Frisian: lathia, ladia

Saterland Frisian: leede (in íenleede)

Old Saxon: lathon, laðon, laðian

Middle Low German: lāden

Low German: laden

desctree

Old Dutch: lathon
Middle Dutch: lāden
Dutch: laden

Old High German: ladōn

Middle High German: laden

q

fully conflated with <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">*hlaþaną</i>

German: laden (chiefly einladen, vorladen) (fully conflated with *hlaþaną)


baþōn

baþōn (infinitive)
baþōnijas (genitive infinitive)
baþōnijē (dative infinitive)
baþōniju (infinitive instrumental)
baþō (first-person present singular)
baþōdā (first-person past singular)
baþōs (present second-person singular)
baþōdēs (past second-person singular)
baþōdōs (past second-person singular)
baþōþ (present singular third-person)
baþōdē (past singular third-person)
baþōdā (past singular third-person)
baþōm (first-person plural present)
baþōdum (first-person past plural)
baþōþ (plural present second-person)
baþōdud (past plural second-person)
baþōnþ (plural present third-person)
baþōdun (past plural third-person)
baþōdī (first-person past singular)
baþōdī (past second-person singular)
baþō (present singular third-person)
baþōdī (past singular third-person)
baþōdīm (first-person past plural)
baþōdīd (past plural second-person)
baþōn (plural present third-person)
baþōdīn (past plural third-person)
baþō (present singular)
baþōþ (plural present)
baþōndī (participle present)
baþōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: baþian, baðian — edh spelling
Middle English: bathen, baathe, bathe, bathien, baþen, baþie, baþiȝe, baðien, beaðien (Early Middle English)
English: bathe
Scots: bathe, baith, bauthe

Old Frisian: *bathia

Saterland Frisian: boadje

West Frisian: baaie

Old Saxon: *bathōn

Middle Low German: bāden

German Low German: baden

Plautdietsch: boden

Old Dutch: bathon
Middle Dutch: bāden
Dutch: baden
Afrikaans: bad
Limburgish: bejje

Old High German: badōn
Middle High German: baden
Central Franconian: bade, boade
Hunsrik: baade
Luxembourgish: bueden
German: baden
Yiddish: באָדן (bodn)

From Proto-Germanic *baþōną. Equivalent to *baþ + *-ōn.


witōn

witōn (infinitive)
witōnijas (genitive infinitive)
witōnijē (dative infinitive)
witōniju (infinitive instrumental)
witō (first-person present singular)
witōdā (first-person past singular)
witōs (present second-person singular)
witōdēs (past second-person singular)
witōdōs (past second-person singular)
witōþ (present singular third-person)
witōdē (past singular third-person)
witōdā (past singular third-person)
witōm (first-person plural present)
witōdum (first-person past plural)
witōþ (plural present second-person)
witōdud (past plural second-person)
witōnþ (plural present third-person)
witōdun (past plural third-person)
witōdī (first-person past singular)
witōdī (past second-person singular)
witō (present singular third-person)
witōdī (past singular third-person)
witōdīm (first-person past plural)
witōdīd (past plural second-person)
witōn (plural present third-person)
witōdīn (past plural third-person)
witō (present singular)
witōþ (plural present)
witōndī (participle present)
witōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: witon

From Proto-Germanic *witōną. Equivalent to *witi (“knowledge”) + *-ōn.