biwrītan

biwrītan (infinitive)
biwrītannjas (genitive infinitive)
biwrītannjē (dative infinitive)
biwrītannju (infinitive instrumental)
biwrītu (first-person present singular)
biwrait (first-person past singular)
biwrītiʀi (present second-person singular)
biwritī (past second-person singular)
biwrītidi (present singular third-person)
biwrait (past singular third-person)
biwrītum (first-person plural present)
biwritum (first-person past plural)
biwrītid (plural present second-person)
biwritud (past plural second-person)
biwrītand (plural present third-person)
biwritun (past plural third-person)
biwrītē (first-person present singular)
biwritī (first-person past singular)
biwrītēs (present second-person singular)
biwrītē (present singular third-person)
biwritī (past singular third-person)
biwrītēm (first-person plural present)
biwritīm (first-person past plural)
biwrītēþ (plural present second-person)
biwritīd (past plural second-person)
biwrītēn (plural present third-person)
biwritīn (past plural third-person)
biwrīt (present singular)
biwrītid (plural present)
biwrītandī (participle present)
biwritan (participle past)

desctree

Old English: bewrītan
Middle English: bewriten
English: bewrite

Old Frisian: biwrīta

gl

alternatively from Proto-West Germanic <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmw-pro">*bihrītan</i>

>? Saterland Frisian: biriete (alternatively from Proto-West Germanic *bihrītan)

Old Saxon: *biwrītan

Middle Low German: bewriten, bewritten

Old High German: *birīzan

Middle High German: berīzen, berizen

German: bereißen

From *bi- (“upon, around”) + *wrītan (“to carve”).

pre

to carve around or about; encircle with marks or scratchings


gawrītan

gawrītan (infinitive)
gawrītannjas (genitive infinitive)
gawrītannjē (dative infinitive)
gawrītannju (infinitive instrumental)
gawrītu (first-person present singular)
gawrait (first-person past singular)
gawrītiʀi (present second-person singular)
gawritī (past second-person singular)
gawrītidi (present singular third-person)
gawrait (past singular third-person)
gawrītum (first-person plural present)
gawritum (first-person past plural)
gawrītid (plural present second-person)
gawritud (past plural second-person)
gawrītand (plural present third-person)
gawritun (past plural third-person)
gawrītē (first-person present singular)
gawritī (first-person past singular)
gawrītēs (present second-person singular)
gawrītē (present singular third-person)
gawritī (past singular third-person)
gawrītēm (first-person plural present)
gawritīm (first-person past plural)
gawrītēþ (plural present second-person)
gawritīd (past plural second-person)
gawrītēn (plural present third-person)
gawritīn (past plural third-person)
gawrīt (present singular)
gawrītid (plural present)
gawrītandī (participle present)
gawritan (participle past)

desctree

Old English: ġewrītan
Middle English: ȝewriten, iwriten, ywriten

Old Saxon: giwrītan

Old High German: girīzan

Middle High German: *gerīzen

desc

⇒ Middle High German: abe gerīzen, abgerīzen


gą̄hiþu

gą̄hiþu (nominative singular)
gą̄hiþō (nominative plural)
gą̄hiþā (accusative singular)
gą̄hiþā (accusative plural)
gą̄hiþā (genitive singular)
gą̄hiþō (genitive plural)
gą̄hiþē (dative singular)
gą̄hiþōm (dative plural)
gą̄hiþum (dative plural)
gą̄hiþu (instrumental singular)
gą̄hiþōm (instrumental plural)
gą̄hiþum (instrumental plural)

Old English: ġīehþo, ġīehþu, ġīehþ

Middle English: gethe

Old High German: gāhida

Middle High German: gæhede, gæhte, gāhte

From earlier *gą̄hwī̌þo, from Proto-Germanic *ganhwiþō, equivalent to *gą̄hī + *-iþu.


prikōn

prikōn (infinitive)
prikōnijas (genitive infinitive)
prikōnijē (dative infinitive)
prikōniju (infinitive instrumental)
prikō (first-person present singular)
prikōdā (first-person past singular)
prikōs (present second-person singular)
prikōdēs (past second-person singular)
prikōdōs (past second-person singular)
prikōþ (present singular third-person)
prikōdē (past singular third-person)
prikōdā (past singular third-person)
prikōm (first-person plural present)
prikōdum (first-person past plural)
prikōþ (plural present second-person)
prikōdud (past plural second-person)
prikōnþ (plural present third-person)
prikōdun (past plural third-person)
prikōdī (first-person past singular)
prikōdī (past second-person singular)
prikō (present singular third-person)
prikōdī (past singular third-person)
prikōdīm (first-person past plural)
prikōdīd (past plural second-person)
prikōn (plural present third-person)
prikōdīn (past plural third-person)
prikō (present singular)
prikōþ (plural present)
prikōndī (participle present)
prikōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: prician
Middle English: prikken, priken
English: prick
Scots: preek
→ Irish: prioc

Old Frisian: *prikia

Saterland Frisian: prikje

West Frisian: prykje

Old Saxon: *prikōn

Middle Low German: prēken

→ Old Danish: prege

Danish: prege (dialectal)

→ Swedish: preka (dialectal)

Old Dutch: *prikon

Middle Dutch: preken

From Proto-Germanic *prikōną, equivalent to *prikō + *-ōn.


stīfēn

stīfēn (infinitive)
stīfēnijas (genitive infinitive)
stīfēnijē (dative infinitive)
stīfēniju (infinitive instrumental)
stīfē (first-person present singular)
stīf?dā (first-person past singular)
stīfēs (present second-person singular)
stīf?dēs (past second-person singular)
stīfēþ (present singular third-person)
stīf?dē (past singular third-person)
stīf?dā (past singular third-person)
stīfēm (first-person plural present)
stīf?dum (first-person past plural)
stīfēþ (plural present second-person)
stīf?dud (past plural second-person)
stīfēnþ (plural present third-person)
stīf?dun (past plural third-person)
stīf?dī (first-person past singular)
stīf?dī (past second-person singular)
stīfē (present singular third-person)
stīf?dī (past singular third-person)
stīf?dīm (first-person past plural)
stīf?dīd (past plural second-person)
stīfēn (plural present third-person)
stīf?dīn (past plural third-person)
stīfē (present singular)
stīfēþ (plural present)
stīfēndī (participle present)
stīf?d (participle past)

Old English: stīfian

Middle English: stiven

English: stiff

Old Frisian: stīvia

West Frisian: stiivje

Old Saxon: *stīvōn

Middle Low German: stīven

Old Dutch: *stīvon
Middle Dutch: stiven
Dutch: stijven
Afrikaans: styf, stywe

Old High German: *stīfēn, *stīfōn

Middle High German: stīfen

German: steifen


traustōn

traustōn (infinitive)
traustōnijas (genitive infinitive)
traustōnijē (dative infinitive)
traustōniju (infinitive instrumental)
traustō (first-person present singular)
traustōdā (first-person past singular)
traustōs (present second-person singular)
traustōdēs (past second-person singular)
traustōdōs (past second-person singular)
traustōþ (present singular third-person)
traustōdē (past singular third-person)
traustōdā (past singular third-person)
traustōm (first-person plural present)
traustōdum (first-person past plural)
traustōþ (plural present second-person)
traustōdud (past plural second-person)
traustōnþ (plural present third-person)
traustōdun (past plural third-person)
traustōdī (first-person past singular)
traustōdī (past second-person singular)
traustō (present singular third-person)
traustōdī (past singular third-person)
traustōdīm (first-person past plural)
traustōdīd (past plural second-person)
traustōn (plural present third-person)
traustōdīn (past plural third-person)
traustō (present singular)
traustōþ (plural present)
traustōndī (participle present)
traustōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: trāstia

West Frisian: treastje, treastgje

Old Saxon: trōstōn

Middle Low German: trôsten

Old Dutch: trōston

Middle Dutch: trôosten

Dutch: troosten

From *traust (“strong, confident”) + *-ōn or *traust (“help, aid”) + *-ōn.


kunþōn

kunþōn (infinitive)
kunþōnijas (genitive infinitive)
kunþōnijē (dative infinitive)
kunþōniju (infinitive instrumental)
kunþō (first-person present singular)
kunþōdā (first-person past singular)
kunþōs (present second-person singular)
kunþōdēs (past second-person singular)
kunþōdōs (past second-person singular)
kunþōþ (present singular third-person)
kunþōdē (past singular third-person)
kunþōdā (past singular third-person)
kunþōm (first-person plural present)
kunþōdum (first-person past plural)
kunþōþ (plural present second-person)
kunþōdud (past plural second-person)
kunþōnþ (plural present third-person)
kunþōdun (past plural third-person)
kunþōdī (first-person past singular)
kunþōdī (past second-person singular)
kunþō (present singular third-person)
kunþōdī (past singular third-person)
kunþōdīm (first-person past plural)
kunþōdīd (past plural second-person)
kunþōn (plural present third-person)
kunþōdīn (past plural third-person)
kunþō (present singular)
kunþōþ (plural present)
kunþōndī (participle present)
kunþōd (participle past)

Old English: cūþian

Middle English: kuthen

Old Dutch: cundon

Middle Dutch: conden

Dutch: konden

Old High German: kundōn

Middle High German: kunden


kunþīgōn

kunþīgōn (infinitive)
kunþīgōnijas (genitive infinitive)
kunþīgōnijē (dative infinitive)
kunþīgōniju (infinitive instrumental)
kunþīgō (first-person present singular)
kunþīgōdā (first-person past singular)
kunþīgōs (present second-person singular)
kunþīgōdēs (past second-person singular)
kunþīgōdōs (past second-person singular)
kunþīgōþ (present singular third-person)
kunþīgōdē (past singular third-person)
kunþīgōdā (past singular third-person)
kunþīgōm (first-person plural present)
kunþīgōdum (first-person past plural)
kunþīgōþ (plural present second-person)
kunþīgōdud (past plural second-person)
kunþīgōnþ (plural present third-person)
kunþīgōdun (past plural third-person)
kunþīgōdī (first-person past singular)
kunþīgōdī (past second-person singular)
kunþīgō (present singular third-person)
kunþīgōdī (past singular third-person)
kunþīgōdīm (first-person past plural)
kunþīgōdīd (past plural second-person)
kunþīgōn (plural present third-person)
kunþīgōdīn (past plural third-person)
kunþīgō (present singular)
kunþīgōþ (plural present)
kunþīgōndī (participle present)
kunþīgōd (participle past)

desc

Old Frisian: kēthigia, kundigia, kundegia

West Frisian: kundigje

Old Saxon: *kundigōn

Middle Low German: kündigen, kundigen, kondigen

Old Dutch: cundigon

Middle Dutch: condigen, cundigen

Dutch: kondigen, kundigen

Old High German: *kundīgōn

Middle High German: kündigen

German: kündigen


framiþijōn

framiþijōn (infinitive)
framiþijōnijas (genitive infinitive)
framiþijōnijē (dative infinitive)
framiþijōniju (infinitive instrumental)
framiþijō (first-person present singular)
framiþijōdā (first-person past singular)
framiþijōs (present second-person singular)
framiþijōdēs (past second-person singular)
framiþijōdōs (past second-person singular)
framiþijōþ (present singular third-person)
framiþijōdē (past singular third-person)
framiþijōdā (past singular third-person)
framiþijōm (first-person plural present)
framiþijōdum (first-person past plural)
framiþijōþ (plural present second-person)
framiþijōdud (past plural second-person)
framiþijōnþ (plural present third-person)
framiþijōdun (past plural third-person)
framiþijōdī (first-person past singular)
framiþijōdī (past second-person singular)
framiþijō (present singular third-person)
framiþijōdī (past singular third-person)
framiþijōdīm (first-person past plural)
framiþijōdīd (past plural second-person)
framiþijōn (plural present third-person)
framiþijōdīn (past plural third-person)
framiþijō (present singular)
framiþijōþ (plural present)
framiþijōndī (participle present)
framiþijōd (participle past)

Old English: fremþian, fremdian

Old Frisian: framethia, framedia, frāmdia

Old Dutch: *fremithon

Middle Dutch: vremden, vrēemden, vrēmeden

Dutch: vreemden (obsolete)

Old High German: fremidōn

Middle High German: fremeden

From *framiþī (“foreign, alien, strange”) + *-ōn.


frageldan

frageldan (infinitive)
frageldannjas (genitive infinitive)
frageldannjē (dative infinitive)
frageldannju (infinitive instrumental)
frageldu (first-person present singular)
fragald (first-person past singular)
fragildiʀi (present second-person singular)
fraguldī (past second-person singular)
fragildidi (present singular third-person)
fragald (past singular third-person)
frageldum (first-person plural present)
fraguldum (first-person past plural)
fragildid (plural present second-person)
fraguldud (past plural second-person)
frageldand (plural present third-person)
fraguldun (past plural third-person)
frageldē (first-person present singular)
fraguldī (first-person past singular)
frageldēs (present second-person singular)
frageldē (present singular third-person)
fraguldī (past singular third-person)
frageldēm (first-person plural present)
fraguldīm (first-person past plural)
frageldēþ (plural present second-person)
fraguldīd (past plural second-person)
frageldēn (plural present third-person)
fraguldīn (past plural third-person)
fragild (present singular)
fragildid (plural present)
frageldandī (participle present)
fragoldan (participle past)

Old English: forġieldan, forġildan

Middle English: forȝelden, foryelden

Scots: foryeild

English: foryield

Old Frisian: forielda, forjelda

Saterland Frisian: ferjäilde

West Frisian: ferjilde

Old Saxon: fargeldan

Middle Low German: forgelden, vorgelden

German Low German: vergelden

Old Dutch: fargeldan

Middle Dutch: vergelden

Dutch: vergelden

Afrikaans: vergeld, vergelde

Old High German: firgeltan

Middle High German: vergelten

German: vergelten

From Proto-Germanic *frageldaną. Equivalent to *fra- + *geldan.


abarmēn

abarmēn (infinitive)
abarmēnijas (genitive infinitive)
abarmēnijē (dative infinitive)
abarmēniju (infinitive instrumental)
abarmē (first-person present singular)
abarm?dā (first-person past singular)
abarmēs (present second-person singular)
abarm?dēs (past second-person singular)
abarmēþ (present singular third-person)
abarm?dē (past singular third-person)
abarm?dā (past singular third-person)
abarmēm (first-person plural present)
abarm?dum (first-person past plural)
abarmēþ (plural present second-person)
abarm?dud (past plural second-person)
abarmēnþ (plural present third-person)
abarm?dun (past plural third-person)
abarm?dī (first-person past singular)
abarm?dī (past second-person singular)
abarmē (present singular third-person)
abarm?dī (past singular third-person)
abarm?dīm (first-person past plural)
abarm?dīd (past plural second-person)
abarmēn (plural present third-person)
abarm?dīn (past plural third-person)
abarmē (present singular)
abarmēþ (plural present)
abarmēndī (participle present)
abarm?d (participle past)

Old English: ofearmian

Old High German: *barmēn

Middle High German: barmen

→ Middle Low German: barmen

→ Old Norse: barma


gaarmēn

gaarmēn (infinitive)
gaarmēnijas (genitive infinitive)
gaarmēnijē (dative infinitive)
gaarmēniju (infinitive instrumental)
gaarmē (first-person present singular)
gaarm?dā (first-person past singular)
gaarmēs (present second-person singular)
gaarm?dēs (past second-person singular)
gaarmēþ (present singular third-person)
gaarm?dē (past singular third-person)
gaarm?dā (past singular third-person)
gaarmēm (first-person plural present)
gaarm?dum (first-person past plural)
gaarmēþ (plural present second-person)
gaarm?dud (past plural second-person)
gaarmēnþ (plural present third-person)
gaarm?dun (past plural third-person)
gaarm?dī (first-person past singular)
gaarm?dī (past second-person singular)
gaarmē (present singular third-person)
gaarm?dī (past singular third-person)
gaarm?dīm (first-person past plural)
gaarm?dīd (past plural second-person)
gaarmēn (plural present third-person)
gaarm?dīn (past plural third-person)
gaarmē (present singular)
gaarmēþ (plural present)
gaarmēndī (participle present)
gaarm?d (participle past)

Old Saxon: giarmōn

Old Dutch: giarmon

Old High German: giarmēn


ahtungu

ahtungu (nominative singular)
ahtungō (nominative plural)
ahtungā (accusative singular)
ahtungā (accusative plural)
ahtungā (genitive singular)
ahtungō (genitive plural)
ahtungē (dative singular)
ahtungōm (dative plural)
ahtungum (dative plural)
ahtungu (instrumental singular)
ahtungōm (instrumental plural)
ahtungum (instrumental plural)

Old English: eahtung

Old Saxon: ahtinga

Middle Low German: achtinge

Low German: Achtung

desctree

Old Dutch: ahtinga
Middle Dutch: achtinge
Dutch: achting
Afrikaans: agting

Old High German: ahtunga
Middle High German: ahtunge
German: Achtung


aldarōn

aldarōn (infinitive)
aldarōnijas (genitive infinitive)
aldarōnijē (dative infinitive)
aldarōniju (infinitive instrumental)
aldarō (first-person present singular)
aldarōdā (first-person past singular)
aldarōs (present second-person singular)
aldarōdēs (past second-person singular)
aldarōdōs (past second-person singular)
aldarōþ (present singular third-person)
aldarōdē (past singular third-person)
aldarōdā (past singular third-person)
aldarōm (first-person plural present)
aldarōdum (first-person past plural)
aldarōþ (plural present second-person)
aldarōdud (past plural second-person)
aldarōnþ (plural present third-person)
aldarōdun (past plural third-person)
aldarōdī (first-person past singular)
aldarōdī (past second-person singular)
aldarō (present singular third-person)
aldarōdī (past singular third-person)
aldarōdīm (first-person past plural)
aldarōdīd (past plural second-person)
aldarōn (plural present third-person)
aldarōdīn (past plural third-person)
aldarō (present singular)
aldarōþ (plural present)
aldarōndī (participle present)
aldarōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: aldron

Middle Low German: *ōlderen

Old High German: *altarōn

Middle High German: altern

German: altern


anakweman

anakweman (infinitive)
anakwemannjas (genitive infinitive)
anakwemannjē (dative infinitive)
anakwemannju (infinitive instrumental)
anakwemu (first-person present singular)
anakwam (first-person past singular)
anakwimiʀi (present second-person singular)
anakwāmī (past second-person singular)
anakwimidi (present singular third-person)
anakwam (past singular third-person)
anakwemum (first-person plural present)
anakwāmum (first-person past plural)
anakwimid (plural present second-person)
anakwāmud (past plural second-person)
anakwemand (plural present third-person)
anakwāmun (past plural third-person)
anakwemē (first-person present singular)
anakwāmī (first-person past singular)
anakwemēs (present second-person singular)
anakwemē (present singular third-person)
anakwāmī (past singular third-person)
anakwemēm (first-person plural present)
anakwāmīm (first-person past plural)
anakwemēþ (plural present second-person)
anakwāmīd (past plural second-person)
anakwemēn (plural present third-person)
anakwāmīn (past plural third-person)
anakwim (present singular)
anakwimid (plural present)
anakwemandī (participle present)
anakuman (participle past)

Old English: ancuman
Middle English: oncomen
English: oncome

Old Frisian: onkuma

Old Saxon: ankuman

Middle Low German: ankōmen, anekōmen

Low German: ankamen, ankomen

Old Dutch: *anakuman

Middle Dutch: aencōmen

Dutch: aankomen

Afrikaans: aankom

Old High German: anaqueman
Middle High German: anekomen
German: ankommen

From Proto-Germanic *anakwemaną. Equivalent to *ana- + *kweman.


faldōn

faldōn (infinitive)
faldōnijas (genitive infinitive)
faldōnijē (dative infinitive)
faldōniju (infinitive instrumental)
faldō (first-person present singular)
faldōdā (first-person past singular)
faldōs (present second-person singular)
faldōdēs (past second-person singular)
faldōdōs (past second-person singular)
faldōþ (present singular third-person)
faldōdē (past singular third-person)
faldōdā (past singular third-person)
faldōm (first-person plural present)
faldōdum (first-person past plural)
faldōþ (plural present second-person)
faldōdud (past plural second-person)
faldōnþ (plural present third-person)
faldōdun (past plural third-person)
faldōdī (first-person past singular)
faldōdī (past second-person singular)
faldō (present singular third-person)
faldōdī (past singular third-person)
faldōdīm (first-person past plural)
faldōdīd (past plural second-person)
faldōn (plural present third-person)
faldōdīn (past plural third-person)
faldō (present singular)
faldōþ (plural present)
faldōndī (participle present)
faldōd (participle past)

Old English: *fealdian

gl

merged with descendant of Proto-West Germanic <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmw-pro">*falþan</i>

Middle English: falden, folden (merged with descendant of Proto-West Germanic *falþan)

English: fold

Scots: fald, fauld

⇒ Old English: befealdian

Old Frisian: *faldia

Saterland Frisian: fooldje

West Frisian: fâldzje

Old Saxon: *faldōn

Middle Low German: valden, vōlden (merged with descendant of Proto-West Germanic *falþan)

desc

German Low German: folden, follen, folen

Old Dutch: *faldon

Middle Dutch: vouden (merged with descendant of Proto-West Germanic *falþan)

Dutch: vouwen

Old High German: faltōn, faldōn

Middle High German: valten (merged with descendant of Proto-West Germanic *falþan)

German: falten


bikannijan

bikannijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
bikannijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
bikannijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
bikannijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
bikanniju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
bikannidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
bikannisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
bikannidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bikannidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bikanniþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
bikannidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
bikannidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
bikannijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
bikannidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
bikanniþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
bikannidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
bikannijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
bikannidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
bikannijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
bikannidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
bikannijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
bikannidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bikannijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
bikannidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
bikannijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
bikannidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
bikannijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
bikannidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
bikannijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
bikannidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
bikanni (class-1 present singular weak)
bikanniþ (class-1 plural present weak)
bikannijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
bikannid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *bicennan

Middle English: bekennen, bikennen

English: beken

Scots: beken

Old Frisian: bekanna, bikanna, bikenna

Old Saxon: *bikennian

Middle Low German: bekennen

Low German: bekennen

Old Dutch: bikennen

Middle Dutch: bekennen

Dutch: bekennen

Afrikaans: beken

Old High German: bikennen

Middle High German: bekennen

German: bekennen

to get to know, to be aware of, to recognize, to comprehend


uppfaran

uppfaran (infinitive)
uppfarannjas (genitive infinitive)
uppfarannjē (dative infinitive)
uppfarannju (infinitive instrumental)
uppfaru (first-person present singular)
uppfōr (first-person past singular)
uppfariʀi (present second-person singular)
uppfōrī (past second-person singular)
uppfaridi (present singular third-person)
uppfōr (past singular third-person)
uppfarum (first-person plural present)
uppfōrum (first-person past plural)
uppfarid (plural present second-person)
uppfōrud (past plural second-person)
uppfarand (plural present third-person)
uppfōrun (past plural third-person)
uppfarē (first-person present singular)
uppfōrī (first-person past singular)
uppfarēs (present second-person singular)
uppfarē (present singular third-person)
uppfōrī (past singular third-person)
uppfarēm (first-person plural present)
uppfōrīm (first-person past plural)
uppfarēþ (plural present second-person)
uppfōrīd (past plural second-person)
uppfarēn (plural present third-person)
uppfōrīn (past plural third-person)
uppfar (present singular)
uppfarid (plural present)
uppfarandī (participle present)
uppfaran (participle past)

Old Frisian: upfara, opfara

Saterland Frisian: opfoare

Old Saxon: *uppfaran

Middle Low German: upvāren

Low German: opfahren, opfohren

Old Dutch: upfaran

Middle Dutch: opvaren

Dutch: opvaren

Afrikaans: opvaar

Old High German: ūffaran

Middle High German: ūfvaren, ūfvarn

German: auffahren


ūtfaran

ūtfaran (infinitive)
ūtfarannjas (genitive infinitive)
ūtfarannjē (dative infinitive)
ūtfarannju (infinitive instrumental)
ūtfaru (first-person present singular)
ūtfōr (first-person past singular)
ūtfariʀi (present second-person singular)
ūtfōrī (past second-person singular)
ūtfaridi (present singular third-person)
ūtfōr (past singular third-person)
ūtfarum (first-person plural present)
ūtfōrum (first-person past plural)
ūtfarid (plural present second-person)
ūtfōrud (past plural second-person)
ūtfarand (plural present third-person)
ūtfōrun (past plural third-person)
ūtfarē (first-person present singular)
ūtfōrī (first-person past singular)
ūtfarēs (present second-person singular)
ūtfarē (present singular third-person)
ūtfōrī (past singular third-person)
ūtfarēm (first-person plural present)
ūtfōrīm (first-person past plural)
ūtfarēþ (plural present second-person)
ūtfōrīd (past plural second-person)
ūtfarēn (plural present third-person)
ūtfōrīn (past plural third-person)
ūtfar (present singular)
ūtfarid (plural present)
ūtfarandī (participle present)
ūtfaran (participle past)

Old English: ūtfaran

Middle English: utfaren, outfaren, outfare

Old Frisian: *ūtfara

Saterland Frisian: utfoare

Old Saxon: *ūtfaran

Middle Low German: ūtvāren

Low German: utfahren

Old Dutch: ūtfaran

Middle Dutch: utevaren

Dutch: uitvaren

Afrikaans: uitvaar

Old High German: ūzfaran

Middle High German: ūzvaren, ūzvarn

German: ausfahren


ūtlaidijan

ūtlaidijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
ūtlaidijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
ūtlaidijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
ūtlaidijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
ūtlaidiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
ūtlaididā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
ūtlaidisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
ūtlaididēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ūtlaididōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ūtlaidiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
ūtlaididē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ūtlaididā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ūtlaidijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
ūtlaididum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
ūtlaidiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
ūtlaididud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
ūtlaidijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
ūtlaididun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
ūtlaidijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
ūtlaididī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
ūtlaidijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
ūtlaididī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ūtlaidijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
ūtlaididī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ūtlaidijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
ūtlaididīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
ūtlaidijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
ūtlaididīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
ūtlaidijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
ūtlaididīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
ūtlaidi (class-1 present singular weak)
ūtlaidiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
ūtlaidijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
ūtlaidid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ūtlǣdan

Middle English: outlēden

English: outlead

Old Frisian: *ūtlēda

West Frisian: útliede

Old Saxon: ūtlēdian

Middle Low German: ūtleiden

German Low German: utleden, utleiden

Old Dutch: ūtlēden

Middle Dutch: uteleiden

Dutch: uitleiden

Old High German: ūzleiten

Middle High German: ūzleiten

German: ausleiten


waikwēn

waikwēn (infinitive)
waikwēnijas (genitive infinitive)
waikwēnijē (dative infinitive)
waikwēniju (infinitive instrumental)
waikwē (first-person present singular)
waikw?dā (first-person past singular)
waikwēs (present second-person singular)
waikw?dēs (past second-person singular)
waikwēþ (present singular third-person)
waikw?dē (past singular third-person)
waikw?dā (past singular third-person)
waikwēm (first-person plural present)
waikw?dum (first-person past plural)
waikwēþ (plural present second-person)
waikw?dud (past plural second-person)
waikwēnþ (plural present third-person)
waikw?dun (past plural third-person)
waikw?dī (first-person past singular)
waikw?dī (past second-person singular)
waikwē (present singular third-person)
waikw?dī (past singular third-person)
waikw?dīm (first-person past plural)
waikw?dīd (past plural second-person)
waikwēn (plural present third-person)
waikw?dīn (past plural third-person)
waikwē (present singular)
waikwēþ (plural present)
waikwēndī (participle present)
waikw?d (participle past)

Old English: wācian

Middle English: woken

Old Frisian: wêkia

West Frisian: weakje

Old Saxon: *wēkōn

Middle Low German: wēken

desctree

Old Dutch: wēcon
Middle Dutch: wēken, weiken
Dutch: weken
Afrikaans: week
Limburgish: weike

Old High German: weihhēn, weihhōn

Middle High German: weichen

Cimbrian: bòochan

German: weichen

Luxembourgish: weechen


bitalōn

bitalōn (infinitive)
bitalōnijas (genitive infinitive)
bitalōnijē (dative infinitive)
bitalōniju (infinitive instrumental)
bitalō (first-person present singular)
bitalōdā (first-person past singular)
bitalōs (present second-person singular)
bitalōdēs (past second-person singular)
bitalōdōs (past second-person singular)
bitalōþ (present singular third-person)
bitalōdē (past singular third-person)
bitalōdā (past singular third-person)
bitalōm (first-person plural present)
bitalōdum (first-person past plural)
bitalōþ (plural present second-person)
bitalōdud (past plural second-person)
bitalōnþ (plural present third-person)
bitalōdun (past plural third-person)
bitalōdī (first-person past singular)
bitalōdī (past second-person singular)
bitalō (present singular third-person)
bitalōdī (past singular third-person)
bitalōdīm (first-person past plural)
bitalōdīd (past plural second-person)
bitalōn (plural present third-person)
bitalōdīn (past plural third-person)
bitalō (present singular)
bitalōþ (plural present)
bitalōndī (participle present)
bitalōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: bitalia

Saterland Frisian: bitoalje, betoalje

West Frisian: betelje

Old Saxon: *bitalōn

Middle Low German: betālen

German Low German: betahlen

→ Danish: betale

→ Faroese: betala

→ Old Swedish: bitala

Swedish: betala

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: betala, betale

→ Norwegian Bokmål: betale

Old Dutch: *bitalon

Middle Dutch: betalen

Dutch: betalen

Afrikaans: betaal

→ English: betall

Old High German: *bizalōn

Middle High German: bezalen, bezaln

German: bezahlen


warmnassī

warmnassī (nominative singular)
warmnassīn (accusative singular)
warmnassīn (genitive singular)
warmnassīn (dative singular)
warmnassīn (instrumental singular)

Old English: wearmnes

Middle English: warmnesse

English: warmness

Scots: warmnes

Old Frisian: *warmnisse, *warmense

West Frisian: waarmens

Old Saxon: *werminessi

Middle Low German: wermenisse

German Low German: Warmnis, Warms

Old Dutch: *warminissi

Middle Dutch: *warmenesse

Dutch: warmenesse, warmnis (dialectal)


blīþinassī

blīþinassī (nominative singular)
blīþinassīn (accusative singular)
blīþinassīn (genitive singular)
blīþinassīn (dative singular)
blīþinassīn (instrumental singular)

Old English: blīþnes

Middle English: *blithenesse

English: blitheness

Old Frisian: *blīthenisse, *blīthense

West Frisian: blidens, blijens

Old High German: blīdnissa


wrattjā

wrattjā (nominative singular)
wrattjōn (nominative plural)
wrattjōn (accusative singular)
wrattjōn (accusative plural)
wrattjōn (genitive singular)
wrattjōnō (genitive plural)
wrattjōn (dative singular)
wrattjōm (dative plural)
wrattjum (dative plural)
wrattjōn (instrumental singular)
wrattjōm (instrumental plural)
wrattjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wrætte
Middle English: wrotte, wrette

>? Dutch: rotte (alternatively from *roodte)

Old High German: rezza, reiza

→ Vulgar Latin: *warantia, *warentia

Old French: warance, garance

Middle French: garance

French: garance

Middle English: warance

English: warence

desc

→ Old High German: varantia, varentia, warentia

From Proto-Germanic *wratjǭ, *wratjō, from Proto-Germanic *wratuz, of unknown origin. Equivalent to *wratu + *-jā.

unk

unknown


wallijā

wallijā (nominative singular)
wallijōn (nominative plural)
wallijōn (accusative singular)
wallijōn (accusative plural)
wallijōn (genitive singular)
wallijōnō (genitive plural)
wallijōn (dative singular)
wallijōm (dative plural)
wallijum (dative plural)
wallijōn (instrumental singular)
wallijōm (instrumental plural)
wallijum (instrumental plural)

desc

Old English: wælle, wielle, welle, wylle, wille f; wiella, willa m

Middle English: welle, wille, wælle, walle, wolle

English: well

Scots: well, wall, woll

Old Frisian: *welle f; walla m

Saterland Frisian: Wälle f

West Frisian: welle, wel m or f

Old Saxon: wella, walla

Middle Low German: welle

German Low German: Welle, Well

desctree

Old Dutch: *wella
Middle Dutch: welle
Dutch: wel, welle
Afrikaans: wel

Old High German: wella

Middle High German: wëlle

German: Welle

→ Polish: fala


Aþalawini

Old English: Æþelwine

→ Medieval Latin: Aluinus

English: Alwin

Old Dutch: *Athalwini

Dutch: Adelwijn, Alwijn, Adelwin

Old High German: Adalwin, Athalwin

German: Adalwin, Alwin, Alwein

→ Medieval Latin: Aluinus, Adaluinus

French: Aluin

Spanish: Aluino

From Proto-Germanic *aþalaz (“noble”) + *winiz (“friend”).


mannskapi

mannskapi (nominative singular)
mannskapī (nominative plural)
mannskapi (accusative singular)
mannskapī (accusative plural)
mannskapī (genitive singular)
mannskappjō (genitive plural)
mannskapī (dative singular)
mannskapim (dative plural)
mannskappjum (dative plural)
mannskapī (instrumental singular)
mannskapim (instrumental plural)
mannskappjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: mansċipe
Middle English: manscipe, manschipe, manschip, manship, manschippe, monschipe
English: manship
Scots: manschip

Old Frisian: *manskip, *monskip

Saterland Frisian: Monskup

West Frisian: manskip

desc

Old Saxon: *mannskepi, *manskepi, *mannskap, *manskap

Middle Low German: manschap, manschop, manschup

German Low German: Mannschop, Mannskupp

Old Dutch: *manskap, *manskepi

Middle Dutch: manscap, manschap, manscep, manscip, manscepe, mansceipe, mansceip, mansceep

Dutch: manschap

Old High German: *manaskaf, *manaskaft

Middle High German: manschaft

German: Mannschaft


undarfą̄han

underfą̄han (infinitive)
underfą̄hannjas (genitive infinitive)
underfą̄hannjē (dative infinitive)
underfą̄hannju (infinitive instrumental)
underfą̄hu (first-person present singular)
underfeang (first-person past singular)
underfą̄hiʀi (present second-person singular)
underfeangī (past second-person singular)
underfą̄hidi (present singular third-person)
underfeang (past singular third-person)
underfą̄hum (first-person plural present)
underfeangum (first-person past plural)
underfą̄hid (plural present second-person)
underfeangud (past plural second-person)
underfą̄hand (plural present third-person)
underfeangun (past plural third-person)
underfą̄hē (first-person present singular)
underfeangī (first-person past singular)
underfą̄hēs (present second-person singular)
underfą̄hē (present singular third-person)
underfeangī (past singular third-person)
underfą̄hēm (first-person plural present)
underfeangīm (first-person past plural)
underfą̄hēþ (plural present second-person)
underfeangīd (past plural second-person)
underfą̄hēn (plural present third-person)
underfeangīn (past plural third-person)
underfą̄h (present singular)
underfą̄hid (plural present)
underfą̄handī (participle present)
underfangan (participle past)

Old English: underfōn

Old Dutch: underfān

Middle Dutch: ondervaen, ondervangen

Dutch: ondervangen

Old High German: untarfāhan

Middle High German: undervāhen

German: unterfangen


warʀ

warʀ (nominative singular)
warʀō (nominative plural)
warʀōs (nominative plural)
warʀ (accusative singular)
warʀā (accusative plural)
warʀas (genitive singular)
warʀō (genitive plural)
warʀē (dative singular)
warʀum (dative plural)
warʀu (instrumental singular)
warʀum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: wearr, wear
Middle English: warre, werre, werr
English: war (dialectal)
⇒ English: warrabee, warble (dialectal)
⇒ English: weerock
Scots: war, waur, wer
⇒ Early Scots: wyrok
Scots: wirrok, werrock, warrack, warrach, warroch

⇒ Old Frisian: wersene, wirsene f (< *warsīnu, *warsīnā)

Old Dutch: *warr

Middle Dutch: warre, weer, wier

Dutch: war, weer, wier, weure, weur

⇒ Dutch: weerooghe (obsolete)

West Flemish: warre


laidijārī

laidijārī (nominative singular)
laidijārijō (nominative plural)
laidijārijōs (nominative plural)
laidijārī (accusative singular)
laidijārijā (accusative plural)
laidijārijas (genitive singular)
laidijārijō (genitive plural)
laidijārijē (dative singular)
laidijārijum (dative plural)
laidijāriju (instrumental singular)
laidijārijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: lǣdere
Middle English: ledere, leder
English: leader
Scots: ledar, leidar

Old Frisian: lēdere

Saterland Frisian: Leder

West Frisian: lieder

desc

Old Saxon: *lēdiāri, *lēdieri, *lēdāri, *lēderi

Middle Low German: lêidære, lêider, leider

German Low German: Leider

Old Dutch: lēderi

Middle Dutch: leidere

Dutch: leider

Afrikaans: leier

Old High German: leitāri

Middle High German: leitære, leiter

German: Leiter

From *laidī (“leading, leadership”) + *-ārī, or *laid (“leading”) + *-ārī.
Alternatively, an alteration of *laidō, *laidijō (“leader”), with the ending assimilated to *-ārī.


laidijō

laidijō (nominative singular)
laidijan (nominative plural)
laidijan (accusative singular)
laidijan (accusative plural)
laidijini (genitive singular)
laidijan (genitive singular)
laidijanō (genitive plural)
laidijini (dative singular)
laidijan (dative singular)
laidijum (dative plural)
laidijini (instrumental singular)
laidijan (instrumental singular)
laidijum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *lēdio, *lēdo

Middle Low German: lêide

Old Dutch: lēdo, leido

Middle Dutch: lede

Old High German: leito

Middle High German: leite


mādu

mādu (nominative singular)
mādwō (nominative plural)
mādwā (accusative singular)
mādwā (accusative plural)
mādwā (genitive singular)
mādwō (genitive plural)
mādwē (dative singular)
mādwōm (dative plural)
mādum (dative plural)
mādu (instrumental singular)
mādwōm (instrumental plural)
mādum (instrumental plural)
*madu (alternative)

desctree

Old English: mǣd, mēd — Anglian, Kentish
Middle English: mede, medwe
English: mead, meadow
Scots: meeda
Yola: mead

Old Frisian: mēde, mēd

North Frisian:

Föhr-Amrum: miad

Goesharde: mäid

Halligen: meed

Karrharde: meed

q

in compounds such as <i class="Latn mention" lang="frr">mäidfjin</i>

Wiedingharde: mäid- (in compounds such as mäidfjin)

East Frisian:

Harlingerland Frisian: meede, mehde

Saterland Frisian: Mäid

West Frisian: miede

→ Middle Low German: mede

German Low German: Meed, Mede

⇒ German Low German: Meedje

desctree

Old Dutch: *māda
Middle Dutch: mâde
Dutch: made

Old High German: *mata (< *madu)

Middle High German: matte, mate

Alemannic German: Matt

Alsatian: Matt, Matte

German: Matte

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *mēdwō, *madwō (reconstructed by Kroonen as an ablauting noun *mēþwō, *madw-), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂meh₁-.


liþrijā

liþrijā (nominative singular)
liþrijōn (nominative plural)
liþrijōn (accusative singular)
liþrijōn (accusative plural)
liþrijōn (genitive singular)
liþrijōnō (genitive plural)
liþrijōn (dative singular)
liþrijōm (dative plural)
liþrijum (dative plural)
liþrijōn (instrumental singular)
liþrijōm (instrumental plural)
liþrijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: liþere f; liþera m

Middle English: liþere, lithere, lither

Old High German: lidira, lidirra


liþrīn

liþrīn (masculine nominative singular)
liþrīnu (feminine nominative singular)
liþrīn (neuter nominative singular)
liþrīnanā (accusative masculine singular)
liþrīnā (accusative feminine singular)
liþrīn (accusative neuter singular)
liþrīnas (genitive masculine singular)
liþrīneʀā (feminine genitive singular)
liþrīnas (genitive neuter singular)
liþrīnumē (dative masculine singular)
liþrīneʀē (dative feminine singular)
liþrīnumē (dative neuter singular)
liþrīnu (instrumental masculine singular)
liþrīneʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
liþrīnu (instrumental neuter singular)
liþrīnē (masculine nominative plural)
liþrīnō (feminine nominative plural)
liþrīnu (neuter nominative plural)
liþrīnā (accusative masculine plural)
liþrīnā (accusative feminine plural)
liþrīnu (accusative neuter plural)
liþrīneʀō (genitive masculine plural)
liþrīneʀō (feminine genitive plural)
liþrīneʀō (genitive neuter plural)
liþrīnēm (dative masculine plural)
liþrīnum (dative masculine plural)
liþrīnēm (dative feminine plural)
liþrīnum (dative feminine plural)
liþrīnēm (dative neuter plural)
liþrīnum (dative neuter plural)
liþrīnēm (instrumental masculine plural)
liþrīnum (instrumental masculine plural)
liþrīnēm (feminine instrumental plural)
liþrīnum (feminine instrumental plural)
liþrīnēm (instrumental neuter plural)
liþrīnum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: liþren, liþeren, leþeren, leþren, lidrin
Middle English: letheren
English: leathern
Scots: letherin, lethrin, ledderin, leddrin

Old Frisian: *litheren, *letheren

Saterland Frisian: ledern

West Frisian: learen

Old Saxon: litharīn

desc

Middle Low German: lēderen, lēdern, leyderen, ledderen, leddern, ladderen, laddern

German Low German: leddern, leren

Old Dutch: *litharin

Middle Dutch: lederen, lederijn, liederijn, leren

Dutch: lederen, leren

Old High German: liderīn, ledarīn

Middle High German: liderīn, lidrīn, lëderīn, lederen

German: ledern


hūdig

hūdig (masculine nominative singular)
hūdigu (feminine nominative singular)
hūdig (neuter nominative singular)
hūdiganā (accusative masculine singular)
hūdigā (accusative feminine singular)
hūdig (accusative neuter singular)
hūdigas (genitive masculine singular)
hūdigeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
hūdigas (genitive neuter singular)
hūdigumē (dative masculine singular)
hūdigeʀē (dative feminine singular)
hūdigumē (dative neuter singular)
hūdigu (instrumental masculine singular)
hūdigeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
hūdigu (instrumental neuter singular)
hūdigē (masculine nominative plural)
hūdigō (feminine nominative plural)
hūdigu (neuter nominative plural)
hūdigā (accusative masculine plural)
hūdigā (accusative feminine plural)
hūdigu (accusative neuter plural)
hūdigeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
hūdigeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
hūdigeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
hūdigēm (dative masculine plural)
hūdigum (dative masculine plural)
hūdigēm (dative feminine plural)
hūdigum (dative feminine plural)
hūdigēm (dative neuter plural)
hūdigum (dative neuter plural)
hūdigēm (instrumental masculine plural)
hūdigum (instrumental masculine plural)
hūdigēm (feminine instrumental plural)
hūdigum (feminine instrumental plural)
hūdigēm (instrumental neuter plural)
hūdigum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: hȳdiġ

Old Frisian: *hūdich, *hēdich

Saterland Frisian: häidig

West Frisian: hûdich

Old Saxon: *hūdig

Middle Low German: hǖdich

Old High German: *hūtig

Middle High German: hūtic

German: häutig


bindā

bindā (nominative singular)
bindōn (nominative plural)
bindōn (accusative singular)
bindōn (accusative plural)
bindōn (genitive singular)
bindōnō (genitive plural)
bindōn (dative singular)
bindōm (dative plural)
bindum (dative plural)
bindōn (instrumental singular)
bindōm (instrumental plural)
bindum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: binde
Middle English: bynde, binde, bynd
English: bind
Middle Scots: bind, bynd
Scots: bind, binn, binnd

Old Frisian: binde

Saterland Frisian: Bíende

Old Saxon: *binda

Middle Low German: binde

desc

German Low German: Binde, Binne, Bind, Binn

desctree

Old Dutch: binda
Middle Dutch: binde
Dutch: bind, biend (dialectal)

Old High German: binta (weak form)

Middle High German: binde

German: Binde

→ Old French: bende, bande

Middle French: bande

French: bande

→ Portuguese: banda

→ Spanish: banda

→ Galician: banda

→ Italian: banda

Variant of *bindu, from Proto-Germanic *bindō.


inwerk

inwerk (nominative singular)
inwerku (nominative plural)
inwerk (accusative singular)
inwerku (accusative plural)
inwerkas (genitive singular)
inwerkō (genitive plural)
inwerkē (dative singular)
inwerkum (dative plural)
inwerku (instrumental singular)
inwerkum (instrumental plural)

Old English: inweorc

Middle English: *inwerk, *inwork

English: inwork

Scots: inwark, inwork

Old Frisian: inwerk

West Frisian: ynwurk


habō

habō (nominative singular)
haban (nominative plural)
haban (accusative singular)
haban (accusative plural)
habini (genitive singular)
haban (genitive singular)
habanō (genitive plural)
habini (dative singular)
haban (dative singular)
habum (dative plural)
habini (instrumental singular)
haban (instrumental singular)
habum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *hafa
⇒ Middle English: havere, haver, hafar (with change in suffix)
English: haver
Scots: haver

Old High German: habo

Middle High German: habe

⇒ German: Haber

From Proto-Germanic *habô, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have”). Equivalent to *habbjan + *-ō.


bimelþōn

bimelþōn (infinitive)
bimelþōnijas (genitive infinitive)
bimelþōnijē (dative infinitive)
bimelþōniju (infinitive instrumental)
bimelþō (first-person present singular)
bimelþōdā (first-person past singular)
bimelþōs (present second-person singular)
bimelþōdēs (past second-person singular)
bimelþōdōs (past second-person singular)
bimelþōþ (present singular third-person)
bimelþōdē (past singular third-person)
bimelþōdā (past singular third-person)
bimelþōm (first-person plural present)
bimelþōdum (first-person past plural)
bimelþōþ (plural present second-person)
bimelþōdud (past plural second-person)
bimelþōnþ (plural present third-person)
bimelþōdun (past plural third-person)
bimelþōdī (first-person past singular)
bimelþōdī (past second-person singular)
bimelþō (present singular third-person)
bimelþōdī (past singular third-person)
bimelþōdīm (first-person past plural)
bimelþōdīd (past plural second-person)
bimelþōn (plural present third-person)
bimelþōdīn (past plural third-person)
bimelþō (present singular)
bimelþōþ (plural present)
bimelþōndī (participle present)
bimelþōd (participle past)

Old English: bemeldian
Middle English: bimelden

Old Saxon: *bimeldōn

Middle Low German: bemelden

→ German: bemelden


rekō

From Proto-Germanic *rekô from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs. Cognate with Latin rex, and Gaulish rix


waþil

waþil (nominative singular)
waþilō (nominative plural)
waþilōs (nominative plural)
waþil (accusative singular)
waþilā (accusative plural)
waþilas (genitive singular)
waþilō (genitive plural)
waþilē (dative singular)
waþilum (dative plural)
waþilu (instrumental singular)
waþilum (instrumental plural)

desc

Old Frisian: wedel, widel (“frond, holy tassel, aspergillum”)

Old Saxon: wethil (“whisk, brush”)

Old High German: wadil, wadal, wedil (“whisk, fan”)

Middle High German: wadel, wedel

German: Wadel, Wedel

→? Latin: vatillum (“winnowing shovel”)

Uncertain; presumably from Proto-Germanic *waþilaz, perhaps from *waþaz + *-ilaz (instrumental suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂uh₁-tó-s (“blowing”), from *h₂weh₁- (“to blow (of wind)”) + *-tós. Possibly cognate with Old Norse véli (“bird's tail”), Norwegian Nynorsk vele (“tail, bird's tail”), Latin vatillum (“winnowing shovel”), vannus (“winnowing basket”). Equivalent to *wāan (“to blow”) + *-þ + *-il.

cog

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache


dobbā

dobbā (nominative singular)
dobbōn (nominative plural)
dobbōn (accusative singular)
dobbōn (accusative plural)
dobbōn (genitive singular)
dobbōnō (genitive plural)
dobbōn (dative singular)
dobbōm (dative plural)
dobbum (dative plural)
dobbōn (instrumental singular)
dobbōm (instrumental plural)
dobbum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: *dobbe f; *dobba m

Saterland Frisian: Dobbe m

West Frisian: dobbe m or f

Old Saxon: *dobba

Middle Low German: dobbe

German Low German: Dobbe, Dobb

desctree

Old Dutch: *dobba
Middle Dutch: dobbe
Dutch: dobbe

From Proto-Germanic *dubbǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewb- (“hollow, deep”).


dumpil

dumpil (nominative singular)
dumpilō (nominative plural)
dumpilōs (nominative plural)
dumpil (accusative singular)
dumpilā (accusative plural)
dumpilas (genitive singular)
dumpilō (genitive plural)
dumpilē (dative singular)
dumpilum (dative plural)
dumpilu (instrumental singular)
dumpilum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *dympel

English: dimpel, dimpil, dympull

English: dimple

Old Saxon: *dumpil

Middle Low German: dümpel

German Low German: Dümpel

Old High German: *tumpfil; tumpfilo

Middle High German: tümpfel

German: Tümpfel (dialectal), Tümpel


þrangōn

þrangōn (infinitive)
þrangōnijas (genitive infinitive)
þrangōnijē (dative infinitive)
þrangōniju (infinitive instrumental)
þrangō (first-person present singular)
þrangōdā (first-person past singular)
þrangōs (present second-person singular)
þrangōdēs (past second-person singular)
þrangōdōs (past second-person singular)
þrangōþ (present singular third-person)
þrangōdē (past singular third-person)
þrangōdā (past singular third-person)
þrangōm (first-person plural present)
þrangōdum (first-person past plural)
þrangōþ (plural present second-person)
þrangōdud (past plural second-person)
þrangōnþ (plural present third-person)
þrangōdun (past plural third-person)
þrangōdī (first-person past singular)
þrangōdī (past second-person singular)
þrangō (present singular third-person)
þrangōdī (past singular third-person)
þrangōdīm (first-person past plural)
þrangōdīd (past plural second-person)
þrangōn (plural present third-person)
þrangōdīn (past plural third-person)
þrangō (present singular)
þrangōþ (plural present)
þrangōndī (participle present)
þrangōd (participle past)

Old Dutch: *thrangon

Old High German: drangōn

Middle High German: drangen

q

merged with <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmh">drengen</i>

German: drängen (merged with drengen)

From *þrang (“pressing, narrow, tight”) + *-ōn, the former related to Proto-Germanic *þrinhwaną (“to press, force”).


biskirmijan

biskirmijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
biskirmijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
biskirmijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
biskirmijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
biskirmiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
biskirmidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
biskirmisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
biskirmidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
biskirmidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
biskirmiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
biskirmidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
biskirmidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
biskirmijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
biskirmidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
biskirmiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
biskirmidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
biskirmijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
biskirmidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
biskirmijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
biskirmidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
biskirmijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
biskirmidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
biskirmijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
biskirmidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
biskirmijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
biskirmidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
biskirmijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
biskirmidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
biskirmijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
biskirmidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
biskirmi (class-1 present singular weak)
biskirmiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
biskirmijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
biskirmid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: biskirma

Old Saxon: biskermian

Old Dutch: biskirmen

Middle Dutch: beschermen

Dutch: beschermen

Old High German: biskirmen

Middle High German: beschirmen

German: beschirmen


wigul

wigul (nominative singular)
wigulō (nominative plural)
wigulōs (nominative plural)
wigul (accusative singular)
wigulā (accusative plural)
wigulas (genitive singular)
wigulō (genitive plural)
wigulē (dative singular)
wigulum (dative plural)
wigulu (instrumental singular)
wigulum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wigol

From *wigōn ~ *wikkōn (“to practice sorcery, divination”) + *-ul.


fraseuþan

fraseuþan (infinitive)
fraseuþannjas (genitive infinitive)
fraseuþannjē (dative infinitive)
fraseuþannju (infinitive instrumental)
fraseuþu (first-person present singular)
frasauþ (first-person past singular)
frasiuþiʀi (present second-person singular)
frasudī (past second-person singular)
frasiuþidi (present singular third-person)
frasauþ (past singular third-person)
fraseuþum (first-person plural present)
frasudum (first-person past plural)
frasiuþid (plural present second-person)
frasudud (past plural second-person)
fraseuþand (plural present third-person)
frasudun (past plural third-person)
fraseuþē (first-person present singular)
frasudī (first-person past singular)
fraseuþēs (present second-person singular)
fraseuþē (present singular third-person)
frasudī (past singular third-person)
fraseuþēm (first-person plural present)
frasudīm (first-person past plural)
fraseuþēþ (plural present second-person)
frasudīd (past plural second-person)
fraseuþēn (plural present third-person)
frasudīn (past plural third-person)
frasiuþ (present singular)
frasiuþid (plural present)
fraseuþandī (participle present)
frasodan (participle past)

desctree

Old English: forsēoþan
Middle English: forsethen, forseothen

Old Frisian: *forsiātha

Saterland Frisian: fersjode

West Frisian: fersiede

Old Saxon: *farsiothan

Middle Low German: vorsêden, vörsêden

Old Dutch: *farsiethan

Middle Dutch: versieden

Dutch: verzieden

Old High German: firsiodan, farsiodan

Middle High German: versieden

German: versieden


brasā

brasā (nominative singular)
brasōn (nominative plural)
brasōn (accusative singular)
brasōn (accusative plural)
brasōn (genitive singular)
brasōnō (genitive plural)
brasōn (dative singular)
brasōm (dative plural)
brasum (dative plural)
brasōn (instrumental singular)
brasōm (instrumental plural)
brasum (instrumental plural)

→ Latin: *brasa (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Germanic *brasǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰres- (“to crack, break, burst”).


galandijō

galandijō (nominative singular)
galandijan (nominative plural)
galandijan (accusative singular)
galandijan (accusative plural)
galandijini (genitive singular)
galandijan (genitive singular)
galandijanō (genitive plural)
galandijini (dative singular)
galandijan (dative singular)
galandijum (dative plural)
galandijini (instrumental singular)
galandijan (instrumental singular)
galandijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: ġelenda

Old Dutch: gilendo

Old High German: gilanto


wīhs

wīhs (nominative singular)
wīhsu (nominative plural)
wīhs (accusative singular)
wīhsu (accusative plural)
wīhsas (genitive singular)
wīhsō (genitive plural)
wīhsē (dative singular)
wīhsum (dative plural)
wīhsu (instrumental singular)
wīhsum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *wīx n
Middle English: wīx

Old Frisian: *wīx f

Old Saxon: *wīhs f

Old Dutch: *wīhs n

Old High German: *wīhs m

From Proto-Germanic *wīhsą, from Proto-Indo-European *wéyḱ-os, from *weyḱ-.

dwelling, village, settlement, colony, burgh


wasō

wasō (nominative singular)
wasan (nominative plural)
wasan (accusative singular)
wasan (accusative plural)
wasini (genitive singular)
wasan (genitive singular)
wasanō (genitive plural)
wasini (dative singular)
wasan (dative singular)
wasum (dative plural)
wasini (instrumental singular)
wasan (instrumental singular)
wasum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *wasa; *wase f

Middle English: wase

Old Frisian: wase f

West Frisian: waas

Old Saxon: waso

Middle Low German: wase, wāse f

German Low German: Waas

Old Dutch: waso

Middle Dutch: wase

Dutch: waas

→ Old French: wason, gason

Middle French: gazon

French: gazon

Old High German: waso

Middle High German: wase

German: Wasen

From a merger of Proto-Germanic *wasô (“meadow”) and Proto-Germanic *wrasô (“turf”).


kwerran

kwerran (infinitive)
kwerrannjas (genitive infinitive)
kwerrannjē (dative infinitive)
kwerrannju (infinitive instrumental)
kwerru (first-person present singular)
kwarr (first-person past singular)
kwirriʀi (present second-person singular)
kurrī (past second-person singular)
kwirridi (present singular third-person)
kwarr (past singular third-person)
kwerrum (first-person plural present)
kurrum (first-person past plural)
kwirrid (plural present second-person)
kurrud (past plural second-person)
kwerrand (plural present third-person)
kurrun (past plural third-person)
kwerrē (first-person present singular)
kurrī (first-person past singular)
kwerrēs (present second-person singular)
kwerrē (present singular third-person)
kurrī (past singular third-person)
kwerrēm (first-person plural present)
kurrīm (first-person past plural)
kwerrēþ (plural present second-person)
kurrīd (past plural second-person)
kwerrēn (plural present third-person)
kurrīn (past plural third-person)
kwirr (present singular)
kwirrid (plural present)
kwerrandī (participle present)
korran (participle past)

Old English: *cweorran

⇒ Old English: ācweorran


aiwahaftijan

aiwahaftijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
aiwahaftijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
aiwahaftijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
aiwahaftijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
aiwahaftiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
aiwahaftidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
aiwahaftisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
aiwahaftidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
aiwahaftidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
aiwahaftiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
aiwahaftidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
aiwahaftidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
aiwahaftijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
aiwahaftidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
aiwahaftiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
aiwahaftidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
aiwahaftijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
aiwahaftidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
aiwahaftijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
aiwahaftidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
aiwahaftijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
aiwahaftidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
aiwahaftijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
aiwahaftidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
aiwahaftijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
aiwahaftidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
aiwahaftijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
aiwahaftidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
aiwahaftijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
aiwahaftidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
aiwahafti (class-1 present singular weak)
aiwahaftiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
aiwahaftijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
aiwahaftid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Saxon: *ēhaftian

Middle Low German: echten

→ Middle High German: echten

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: ekte, ekta

→ Norwegian Bokmål: ekte

→ Swedish: äkta

→ Danish: ægte

Old Dutch: *ēhaften

Middle Dutch: echten

Dutch: echten

desc

Old High German: ēwahaften, ēohaften, ēhaften

Middle High German: ēhaften

From *aiwahaft (“lawful, real”) + *-jan.


uʀhaitijan

uʀhaitijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
uʀhaitijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
uʀhaitijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
uʀhaitijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
uʀhaitiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
uʀhaitidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
uʀhaitisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
uʀhaitidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
uʀhaitidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
uʀhaitiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
uʀhaitidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
uʀhaitidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
uʀhaitijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
uʀhaitidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
uʀhaitiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
uʀhaitidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
uʀhaitijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
uʀhaitidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
uʀhaitijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
uʀhaitidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
uʀhaitijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
uʀhaitidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
uʀhaitijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
uʀhaitidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
uʀhaitijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
uʀhaitidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
uʀhaitijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
uʀhaitidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
uʀhaitijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
uʀhaitidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
uʀhaiti (class-1 present singular weak)
uʀhaitiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
uʀhaitijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
uʀhaitid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ōrettan

Old Saxon: urhētian

Old High German: urheizzen


gaunstillijan

gaunstillijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
gaunstillijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
gaunstillijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
gaunstillijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
gaunstilliju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gaunstillidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gaunstillisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gaunstillidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gaunstillidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gaunstilliþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gaunstillidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gaunstillidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gaunstillijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gaunstillidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gaunstilliþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gaunstillidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gaunstillijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gaunstillidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gaunstillijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gaunstillidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gaunstillijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gaunstillidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gaunstillijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gaunstillidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gaunstillijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gaunstillidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gaunstillijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gaunstillidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gaunstillijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gaunstillidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gaunstilli (class-1 present singular weak)
gaunstilliþ (class-1 plural present weak)
gaunstillijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
gaunstillid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ġeunstillan

Old Saxon: giunstillian

Old High German: giunstillen


uʀdailijan

uʀdailijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
uʀdailijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
uʀdailijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
uʀdailijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
uʀdailiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
uʀdailidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
uʀdailisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
uʀdailidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
uʀdailidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
uʀdailiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
uʀdailidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
uʀdailidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
uʀdailijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
uʀdailidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
uʀdailiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
uʀdailidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
uʀdailijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
uʀdailidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
uʀdailijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
uʀdailidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
uʀdailijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
uʀdailidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
uʀdailijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
uʀdailidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
uʀdailijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
uʀdailidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
uʀdailijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
uʀdailidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
uʀdailijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
uʀdailidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
uʀdaili (class-1 present singular weak)
uʀdailiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
uʀdailijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
uʀdailid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ādǣlan

Old Saxon: ādēlian, *irdēlian

Middle Low German: erdêlen

Old High German: irteilen

Middle High German: erteilen

German: erteilen


uʀdailijan

Old Frisian: urdēla

West Frisian: oardiele, oardielje

Old Saxon: *urdēlian

Middle Low German: ōrdêlen

Old Dutch: urdēlen

Middle Dutch: ordêlen

Dutch: oordelen

Afrikaans: oordeel

Old High German: urteilen

Middle High German: urteilen

German: urteilen


rehtanassī

rehtanassī (nominative singular)
rehtanassīn (accusative singular)
rehtanassīn (genitive singular)
rehtanassīn (dative singular)
rehtanassīn (instrumental singular)

desctree

Old English: rihtnes, rihtnis, rehtnis
Middle English: rihtnesse, riȝtnesse, rightnesse
English: rightness
Scots: richtnis

Old Frisian: *riuchtnisse, *riochtense

West Frisian: rjochtens

Old Dutch: *rehtnissi

Middle Dutch: rechtenisse, rechtenesse

Old High German: rehtnissa


hlūdbārijan

hlūdbārijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hlūdbārijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hlūdbārijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hlūdbārijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hlūdbāriju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hlūdbāridā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hlūdbārisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hlūdbāridēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hlūdbāridōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hlūdbāriþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hlūdbāridē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hlūdbāridā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hlūdbārijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hlūdbāridum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hlūdbāriþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hlūdbāridud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hlūdbārijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hlūdbāridun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hlūdbārijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hlūdbāridī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hlūdbārijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hlūdbāridī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hlūdbārijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hlūdbāridī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hlūdbārijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hlūdbāridīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hlūdbārijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hlūdbāridīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hlūdbārijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hlūdbāridīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hlūdbāri (class-1 present singular weak)
hlūdbāriþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hlūdbārijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hlūdbārid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Saxon: *hlūdbārian

Middle Low German: lūtbāren

Old High German: liutbāren

Middle High German: lūtbæren

From *hlūdbārī (“publicly known”) + *-jan.


kussīngu

kussīngu (nominative singular)
kussīngō (nominative plural)
kussīngā (accusative singular)
kussīngā (accusative plural)
kussīngā (genitive singular)
kussīngō (genitive plural)
kussīngē (dative singular)
kussīngōm (dative plural)
kussīngum (dative plural)
kussīngu (instrumental singular)
kussīngōm (instrumental plural)
kussīngum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *cyssing
Middle English: cussinge, kessinge, kissynge, kissing
English: kissing
Scots: kissing

Old Frisian: *kessinge

Saterland Frisian: Kässenge

Old Saxon: *kussinga

Middle Low German: küssinge

Old Dutch: *kussinga

Middle Dutch: cussinge

Dutch: kussing

Old High German: *kussunga

Middle High German: küssunge


andasakō

andasakō (nominative singular)
andasakan (nominative plural)
andasakan (accusative singular)
andasakan (accusative plural)
andasakini (genitive singular)
andasakan (genitive singular)
andasakanō (genitive plural)
andasakini (dative singular)
andasakan (dative singular)
andasakum (dative plural)
andasakini (instrumental singular)
andasakan (instrumental singular)
andasakum (instrumental plural)

Old English: andsaca

Old Saxon: andsako

From *andasakan (“to speak against, refute”) + *-ō.

af

(North Sea Germanic) antagonist, adversary


tīdi

tīdi (nominative singular)
tīdī (nominative plural)
tīdi (accusative singular)
tīdī (accusative plural)
tīdī (genitive singular)
tīdijō (genitive plural)
tīdī (dative singular)
tīdim (dative plural)
tīdijum (dative plural)
tīdī (instrumental singular)
tīdim (instrumental plural)
tīdijum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: tīd, tȳd, tīed
Middle English: tyde, tid, tide, tyd
English: tide
Scots: tide
⇒ Yola: enteete
→ Scottish Gaelic: tìde

Old Frisian: tīd

North Frisian: tid, tidj

Saterland Frisian: Tied

West Frisian: tyd, tiid

Old Saxon: tīd

Middle Low German: tît

Low German: Tied

German Low German: Tied, Tiet, Tide

Old Dutch: tīt
Middle Dutch: tijt
Dutch: tijd, (obsolete) tyd, tijdt, tydt, tijt, tyt
Afrikaans: tyd
Berbice Creole Dutch: titi
Javindo: tet
Jersey Dutch: tāid, tāidt
Negerhollands: tied, tid, tit
Skepi Creole Dutch: teit
Limburgish: tied
Zealandic: tied

Old High German: zīt
Middle High German: zīt, zeit
Alemannic German: Ziit, Zit, Zyt
Bavarian: Zeid
Cimbrian: zait
Mòcheno: zait
Central Franconian: Zeck, Zick (Kölsch), Ziet (western and northernmost Ripuarian), Zitt (Siegerland, otherwise scattered compromise form), Zeit (most of Moselle Franconian)
East Central German:
Vilamovian: cajt
East Franconian:
German: Zeit
Hunsrik: Zeid
Luxembourgish: Zäit
Pennsylvania German: Zeit, Zeid
Yiddish: צײַט (tsayt)


biskopadōm

biskopadōm (nominative singular)
biskopadōmō (nominative plural)
biskopadōmōs (nominative plural)
biskopadōm (accusative singular)
biskopadōmā (accusative plural)
biskopadōmas (genitive singular)
biskopadōmō (genitive plural)
biskopadōmē (dative singular)
biskopadōmum (dative plural)
biskopadōmu (instrumental singular)
biskopadōmum (instrumental plural)

Old English: bisċopdōm, bisċeopdōm, bisċepdōm
Middle English: biscopdom, biscopdome, *bischopdom
English: bishopdom

Old Frisian: *biskopdōm, *biskedōm

gl

Saterland Frisian: Bisdom (possibly borrowed from Middle Low German)

West Frisian: bisdom (possibly borrowed from Dutch)

Old Saxon: *biscopdōm

desc

Middle Low German: bischopdôm, bischopdum, bischedôm, biscopdûm

German Low German: Bischopdom

Old Dutch: *biscopdōm

Middle Dutch: bisscopdom, bisscopdoem, bisdom

Dutch: bisdom

Old High German: biskoftuom, biscoftuom, bistuom

Middle High German: bischoftuom, bischtuom, bistum, pischtuom

German: Bischoftum, Bistum


bōjō

bōjō (nominative singular)
bōjan (nominative plural)
bōjan (accusative singular)
bōjan (accusative plural)
bōjini (genitive singular)
bōjan (genitive singular)
bōjanō (genitive plural)
bōjini (dative singular)
bōjan (dative singular)
bōjum (dative plural)
bōjini (instrumental singular)
bōjan (instrumental singular)
bōjum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: *bōia
Middle English: boye
English: boy
→ French: boy
Scots: boy

Old Frisian: *bōia

>? Saterland Frisian: Bouge

West Frisian: boie, boi, boai

Old Saxon: *bōio

Middle Low German: *bôie

German Low German: Boi

Old Dutch: *bōio

Middle Dutch: boye

Dutch: boi

→ Old French: boi, boy

Old High German: *buojo

Middle High German: *buoie, *buoi

Bavarian: Bui

From Proto-Germanic *bōjô (“younger brother”).


Bardil

Bardil (nominative singular)
Bardil (accusative singular)
Bardilē (dative singular)
Bardilu (instrumental singular)

Old English: Beardel

Middle English: Berdel, Bardel

English: Beardell, Beardsell (perhaps)

Old Saxon: Bardal

desctree

Old High German: Bardil, Barzil, Bartil, Burdil, Burtil
German: Bardel, Bartel (see further descendants)
→ Belarusian: Бардзі́ла (Bardzíla)
→ English: Bardilo
→ Lithuanian: Bardzila
→ Polish: Bordziło, Bardiło, Bordiło
→ Russian: Бордзило (Bordzilo)
→ Ukrainian: Бордзіло (Bordzilo), Борділо (Bordilo)

From Proto-Germanic *Bardilaz. Equivalent to *bard (“beard”) + *il (“diminutive suffix”).


wandōn

wandōn (infinitive)
wandōnijas (genitive infinitive)
wandōnijē (dative infinitive)
wandōniju (infinitive instrumental)
wandō (first-person present singular)
wandōdā (first-person past singular)
wandōs (present second-person singular)
wandōdēs (past second-person singular)
wandōdōs (past second-person singular)
wandōþ (present singular third-person)
wandōdē (past singular third-person)
wandōdā (past singular third-person)
wandōm (first-person plural present)
wandōdum (first-person past plural)
wandōþ (plural present second-person)
wandōdud (past plural second-person)
wandōnþ (plural present third-person)
wandōdun (past plural third-person)
wandōdī (first-person past singular)
wandōdī (past second-person singular)
wandō (present singular third-person)
wandōdī (past singular third-person)
wandōdīm (first-person past plural)
wandōdīd (past plural second-person)
wandōn (plural present third-person)
wandōdīn (past plural third-person)
wandō (present singular)
wandōþ (plural present)
wandōndī (participle present)
wandōd (participle past)

Old English: wandian

Middle English: wanden, wonden

Old Saxon: *wandōn

⇒ Middle Low German: *wandinge

⇒ Middle Low German: sunnenwandinge

Old Dutch: *wandon

Middle Dutch: wanden

Old High German: wantōn

Middle High German: wanten, wanden


tikkōn

tikkōn (infinitive)
tikkōnijas (genitive infinitive)
tikkōnijē (dative infinitive)
tikkōniju (infinitive instrumental)
tikkō (first-person present singular)
tikkōdā (first-person past singular)
tikkōs (present second-person singular)
tikkōdēs (past second-person singular)
tikkōdōs (past second-person singular)
tikkōþ (present singular third-person)
tikkōdē (past singular third-person)
tikkōdā (past singular third-person)
tikkōm (first-person plural present)
tikkōdum (first-person past plural)
tikkōþ (plural present second-person)
tikkōdud (past plural second-person)
tikkōnþ (plural present third-person)
tikkōdun (past plural third-person)
tikkōdī (first-person past singular)
tikkōdī (past second-person singular)
tikkō (present singular third-person)
tikkōdī (past singular third-person)
tikkōdīm (first-person past plural)
tikkōdīd (past plural second-person)
tikkōn (plural present third-person)
tikkōdīn (past plural third-person)
tikkō (present singular)
tikkōþ (plural present)
tikkōndī (participle present)
tikkōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: *ticcian
Middle English: tiken, ticken
English: tick, tig
Scots: tick

Old Frisian: *tikia

Saterland Frisian: tikje

West Frisian: tikje

Old High German: zehhōn, zechōn

Middle High German: zecken, zicken

German: zecken, zicken

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *deyǵʰ- (“to tickle, tingle”).


wigilārī

wigilārī (nominative singular)
wigilārijō (nominative plural)
wigilārijōs (nominative plural)
wigilārī (accusative singular)
wigilārijā (accusative plural)
wigilārijas (genitive singular)
wigilārijō (genitive plural)
wigilārijē (dative singular)
wigilārijum (dative plural)
wigilāriju (instrumental singular)
wigilārijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wiġlere

Old Saxon: *wigilāri

Middle Low German: wicheler

Old Dutch: *wigilāri

desc

Middle Dutch: wichelâre, wijchelâre, wîghelâre

Dutch: wichelaar

From *wigil, *wigul (“prophetic”) or *wigil, *wigilu (“sorcery, divination”) + *-ārī.


wigilingu

wigilingu (nominative singular)
wigilingō (nominative plural)
wigilingā (accusative singular)
wigilingā (accusative plural)
wigilingā (genitive singular)
wigilingō (genitive plural)
wigilingē (dative singular)
wigilingōm (dative plural)
wigilingum (dative plural)
wigilingu (instrumental singular)
wigilingōm (instrumental plural)
wigilingum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wiġlung, wiġelung

⇒ Old English: ġewiġlung

Old Frisian: wīlinge

Old Saxon: *wigilinga

Middle Low German: wîchelinge

Old Dutch: *wigilinga

Middle Dutch: wichelinge


stappōn

stappōn (infinitive)
stappōnijas (genitive infinitive)
stappōnijē (dative infinitive)
stappōniju (infinitive instrumental)
stappō (first-person present singular)
stappōdā (first-person past singular)
stappōs (present second-person singular)
stappōdēs (past second-person singular)
stappōdōs (past second-person singular)
stappōþ (present singular third-person)
stappōdē (past singular third-person)
stappōdā (past singular third-person)
stappōm (first-person plural present)
stappōdum (first-person past plural)
stappōþ (plural present second-person)
stappōdud (past plural second-person)
stappōnþ (plural present third-person)
stappōdun (past plural third-person)
stappōdī (first-person past singular)
stappōdī (past second-person singular)
stappō (present singular third-person)
stappōdī (past singular third-person)
stappōdīm (first-person past plural)
stappōdīd (past plural second-person)
stappōn (plural present third-person)
stappōdīn (past plural third-person)
stappō (present singular)
stappōþ (plural present)
stappōndī (participle present)
stappōd (participle past)

Old Dutch:

Middle Dutch:

Dutch: stappen

Old High German: stapfōn

Middle High German: stapfen, stappen, staben

German: stapfen


waisā

waisā (nominative singular)
waisōn (nominative plural)
waisōn (accusative singular)
waisōn (accusative plural)
waisōn (genitive singular)
waisōnō (genitive plural)
waisōn (dative singular)
waisōm (dative plural)
waisum (dative plural)
waisōn (instrumental singular)
waisōm (instrumental plural)
waisum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wāse

Middle English: wose

English: ooze

Old Frisian: wāse

West Frisian: weaze

Old Saxon: waso

Middle Low German: wāse

Middle Dutch: wāse, wāze, waes

Dutch: waas

Afrikaans: waas

Old High German: waso

Middle High German: wase

German: Wasen


holþ

holþ (masculine nominative singular)
holþu (feminine nominative singular)
holþ (neuter nominative singular)
holþanā (accusative masculine singular)
holþā (accusative feminine singular)
holþ (accusative neuter singular)
holþas (genitive masculine singular)
holþeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
holþas (genitive neuter singular)
holþumē (dative masculine singular)
holþeʀē (dative feminine singular)
holþumē (dative neuter singular)
holþu (instrumental masculine singular)
holþeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
holþu (instrumental neuter singular)
holþē (masculine nominative plural)
holþō (feminine nominative plural)
holþu (neuter nominative plural)
holþā (accusative masculine plural)
holþā (accusative feminine plural)
holþu (accusative neuter plural)
holþeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
holþeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
holþeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
holþēm (dative masculine plural)
holþum (dative masculine plural)
holþēm (dative feminine plural)
holþum (dative feminine plural)
holþēm (dative neuter plural)
holþum (dative neuter plural)
holþēm (instrumental masculine plural)
holþum (instrumental masculine plural)
holþēm (feminine instrumental plural)
holþum (feminine instrumental plural)
holþēm (instrumental neuter plural)
holþum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Old English: hold
Middle English: hold
English: hold

Old Frisian: hold, houd

Saterland Frisian: hold

Old Saxon: hold

Middle Low German: hold, hōlt, hult

Old Dutch: holt
Middle Dutch: holt, hout
Dutch: hou

Old High German: hold
Middle High German: holt
German: hold
Yiddish: האָלט האָבן (holt hobn)


glāʀ

glāʀ (nominative singular)
glāʀu (nominative plural)
glāʀ (accusative singular)
glāʀu (accusative plural)
glāʀas (genitive singular)
glāʀō (genitive plural)
glāʀē (dative singular)
glāʀum (dative plural)
glāʀu (instrumental singular)
glāʀum (instrumental plural)
glāʀ (nominative singular)
glāʀō (nominative plural)
glāʀōs (nominative plural)
glāʀ (accusative singular)
glāʀā (accusative plural)
glāʀas (genitive singular)
glāʀō (genitive plural)
glāʀē (dative singular)
glāʀum (dative plural)
glāʀu (instrumental singular)
glāʀum (instrumental plural)

Old English: glǣr

Old Saxon: *glār, glēr

Middle Low German: glâr, glar

From Proto-Germanic *glēzą (“amber, glass”).


rauʀ

rauʀ (nominative singular)
rauʀu (nominative plural)
rauʀ (accusative singular)
rauʀu (accusative plural)
rauʀas (genitive singular)
rauʀō (genitive plural)
rauʀē (dative singular)
rauʀum (dative plural)
rauʀu (instrumental singular)
rauʀum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: rër

Old Dutch: *rōs, *rōr

Middle Dutch: roer

Old High German: rōr

Middle High German: rōr

German: Rohr


glōrōn

glōrōn (infinitive)
glōrōnijas (genitive infinitive)
glōrōnijē (dative infinitive)
glōrōniju (infinitive instrumental)
glōrō (first-person present singular)
glōrōdā (first-person past singular)
glōrōs (present second-person singular)
glōrōdēs (past second-person singular)
glōrōdōs (past second-person singular)
glōrōþ (present singular third-person)
glōrōdē (past singular third-person)
glōrōdā (past singular third-person)
glōrōm (first-person plural present)
glōrōdum (first-person past plural)
glōrōþ (plural present second-person)
glōrōdud (past plural second-person)
glōrōnþ (plural present third-person)
glōrōdun (past plural third-person)
glōrōdī (first-person past singular)
glōrōdī (past second-person singular)
glōrō (present singular third-person)
glōrōdī (past singular third-person)
glōrōdīm (first-person past plural)
glōrōdīd (past plural second-person)
glōrōn (plural present third-person)
glōrōdīn (past plural third-person)
glōrō (present singular)
glōrōþ (plural present)
glōrōndī (participle present)
glōrōd (participle past)

Old English: *glōrian

Middle English: gloren

English: glore, gloar

Scots: glore

Old Frisian: *glōren

West Frisian: gluorje, gloarje

Old Saxon: *glōrōn

German Low German: gloren, glören

Old Dutch: *glōrōn

Middle Dutch: gloren

Dutch: gloren

Afrikaans: gloor

→ German: gloren (dialectal)

From *glōr (“something glowing, embers”) + *-ōn or *glōan (“to glow”) + *-rōn.


glōr

glōr (nominative singular)
glōru (nominative plural)
glōr (accusative singular)
glōru (accusative plural)
glōras (genitive singular)
glōrō (genitive plural)
glōrē (dative singular)
glōrum (dative plural)
glōru (instrumental singular)
glōrum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: *glōr, *glor

Saterland Frisian: Glor

West Frisian: gloar

Old Saxon: *glōr

Middle Low German: *glôr

German Low German: Gloor

⇒ Dutch: gloor

From Proto-Germanic *glōrą (“glow, shine”), nominalization of *glōraz (“glowing, shining”), from *glōaną (“to glow”) + *-raz. Cognate with Old Norse *glór, whence eldsglór n (“fire's glow”), fagrglór (“shining bright”, adj.).


glast

glast (nominative singular)
glastō (nominative plural)
glastōs (nominative plural)
glast (accusative singular)
glastā (accusative plural)
glastas (genitive singular)
glastō (genitive plural)
glastē (dative singular)
glastum (dative plural)
glastu (instrumental singular)
glastum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *glast

Middle Low German: glast

Old High German: *glast

Middle High German: glast

German: Glast (archaic, dialectal)

From Proto-Germanic *glastaz, from pre-Proto-Germanic *gʰləs-tó-s (quasi-Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰlh̥₁s-tó-s), from *glēsaną (“to shine”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰleh₁- (“to shine, glow”).


glōan

glōan (infinitive)
glōannjas (genitive infinitive)
glōannjē (dative infinitive)
glōannju (infinitive instrumental)
glōu (first-person present singular)
gleō (first-person past singular)
glōiʀi (present second-person singular)
gleōī (past second-person singular)
glōidi (present singular third-person)
gleō (past singular third-person)
glōum (first-person plural present)
gleōum (first-person past plural)
glōid (plural present second-person)
gleōud (past plural second-person)
glōand (plural present third-person)
gleōun (past plural third-person)
glōē (first-person present singular)
gleōī (first-person past singular)
glōēs (present second-person singular)
glōē (present singular third-person)
gleōī (past singular third-person)
glōēm (first-person plural present)
gleōīm (first-person past plural)
glōēþ (plural present second-person)
gleōīd (past plural second-person)
glōēn (plural present third-person)
gleōīn (past plural third-person)
glō (present singular)
glōid (plural present)
glōandī (participle present)
glōan (participle past)

desctree

Old English: glōwan
Middle English: glowen, gloen, glouwen, glowe, glewe, glogh
English: glow
Scots: glow

Old Frisian: *glōa, *glōia

Saterland Frisian: gloie, glöie, gluuje

West Frisian: gloeie

Old Saxon: glōian
Middle Low German: glöen, glöyen, glöjen, glôen, glôwen, glôgen
German Low German: glojen, gleuhen, gleihen

Old Dutch: *gluoien

Middle Dutch: gloeyen
Dutch: gloeien
Afrikaans: gloei
Limburgish: glöjje

Old High German: gluoen
Middle High German: glüejen
Central Franconian: jlöhe, gliehe
Luxembourgish: glousen
German: glühen
Rhine Franconian: glihe
Frankfurterisch: [kliːi̯ə]


rāmag

rāmag (masculine nominative singular)
rāmagu (feminine nominative singular)
rāmag (neuter nominative singular)
rāmaganā (accusative masculine singular)
rāmagā (accusative feminine singular)
rāmag (accusative neuter singular)
rāmagas (genitive masculine singular)
rāmageʀā (feminine genitive singular)
rāmagas (genitive neuter singular)
rāmagumē (dative masculine singular)
rāmageʀē (dative feminine singular)
rāmagumē (dative neuter singular)
rāmagu (instrumental masculine singular)
rāmageʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
rāmagu (instrumental neuter singular)
rāmagē (masculine nominative plural)
rāmagō (feminine nominative plural)
rāmagu (neuter nominative plural)
rāmagā (accusative masculine plural)
rāmagā (accusative feminine plural)
rāmagu (accusative neuter plural)
rāmageʀō (genitive masculine plural)
rāmageʀō (feminine genitive plural)
rāmageʀō (genitive neuter plural)
rāmagēm (dative masculine plural)
rāmagum (dative masculine plural)
rāmagēm (dative feminine plural)
rāmagum (dative feminine plural)
rāmagēm (dative neuter plural)
rāmagum (dative neuter plural)
rāmagēm (instrumental masculine plural)
rāmagum (instrumental masculine plural)
rāmagēm (feminine instrumental plural)
rāmagum (feminine instrumental plural)
rāmagēm (instrumental neuter plural)
rāmagum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: rōmeġ, rōmiġ

Old Dutch: *rāmag

Middle Dutch: ramech, ramich, romich

Old High German: rāmag, rāmac

Middle High German: rāmec, rāmic

German: rahmig (“dirty, sooty”)


sairōn

sairōn (infinitive)
sairōnijas (genitive infinitive)
sairōnijē (dative infinitive)
sairōniju (infinitive instrumental)
sairō (first-person present singular)
sairōdā (first-person past singular)
sairōs (present second-person singular)
sairōdēs (past second-person singular)
sairōdōs (past second-person singular)
sairōþ (present singular third-person)
sairōdē (past singular third-person)
sairōdā (past singular third-person)
sairōm (first-person plural present)
sairōdum (first-person past plural)
sairōþ (plural present second-person)
sairōdud (past plural second-person)
sairōnþ (plural present third-person)
sairōdun (past plural third-person)
sairōdī (first-person past singular)
sairōdī (past second-person singular)
sairō (present singular third-person)
sairōdī (past singular third-person)
sairōdīm (first-person past plural)
sairōdīd (past plural second-person)
sairōn (plural present third-person)
sairōdīn (past plural third-person)
sairō (present singular)
sairōþ (plural present)
sairōndī (participle present)
sairōd (participle past)

Old English: sārian
Middle English: saren, soren
English: sore
Scots: sare, sair

Old Frisian: sēria

⇒ Saterland Frisian: biseerje

Old High German: sērōn

Middle High German: sēren

German: sehren (archaic or dialectal)


hamirā

hamirā (nominative singular)
hamirōn (nominative plural)
hamirōn (accusative singular)
hamirōn (accusative plural)
hamirōn (genitive singular)
hamirōnō (genitive plural)
hamirōn (dative singular)
hamirōm (dative plural)
hamirum (dative plural)
hamirōn (instrumental singular)
hamirōm (instrumental plural)
hamirum (instrumental plural)

< <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmw-pro">*hamirilik</i> ?

⇒ Old English: hymlic, hymlīc, hymelic, hymelīc, hemlic, hemlīc, hemlec, hemlēc (< *hamirilik ?)
Middle English: hemloke, hemelok, homelok, humlok
English: hemlock
Scots: hemlok, homlok, humlok, humlock

desc

⇒ Old English: hymlice, hymlīce, hymblicæ, huymblicæ

Old High German: hemera

Middle High German: hemere, hemer

German: Hemere

→ German Low German: Hemer, Hemern

⇒ Middle High German: hemerwurz, hemerwurze

German: Hemerwurz

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kemer- (“medicinal plant, herb, hellebore”), related to Proto-Slavic *čemerъ (“false hellebore”), Lithuanian kẽmeras (“Eupatorium cannabinum”), Latvian cemeriņš (“Helleborus”), Greek χάμαρος (chámaros, “Aconitum”).

cog

medicinal or toxic flowering plant (e.g. hellebore, hemlock, etc.)


lausungu

lausungu (nominative singular)
lausungō (nominative plural)
lausungā (accusative singular)
lausungā (accusative plural)
lausungā (genitive singular)
lausungō (genitive plural)
lausungē (dative singular)
lausungōm (dative plural)
lausungum (dative plural)
lausungu (instrumental singular)
lausungōm (instrumental plural)
lausungum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: lēasung
Middle English: lesinge, lesing
English: leasing
Scots: lesing, leising

Old Saxon: lōsunga

Middle Low German: lôsinge, lö̂singe

German Low German: Lösung

→ Saterland Frisian: Lözenge

Old Dutch: lōsunga, lōsinga, lōsonga
Middle Dutch: lôsinge, leusinge, lossinge
Dutch: lozing
→ West Frisian: loazing

Old High German: lōsunga

Middle High German: lōsunge, lœsunge

German: Lösung

desc

→ Old French: losenge, losange, lozenge, lozange, lousenge, loseinge, losainge

Middle French: losenge, losange

>? French: losange (possibly)

→ Italian: lusinga (alternatively from Old Occitan)

→ Old Occitan: lausenga, lauzenga, lauzenja

→ Old Spanish: losenja

Spanish: lisonja

→ Portuguese: lisonja

From Proto-Germanic *lausungō, equivalent to *lausōn + *-ungu.


lausahaidu

lausahaidu (nominative singular)
lausahaidiwi (nominative plural)
lausahaidō (nominative plural)
lausahaidu (accusative singular)
lausahaidū (accusative plural)
lausahaidō (genitive singular)
lausahaidiwō (genitive plural)
lausahaidiwi (dative singular)
lausahaidō (dative singular)
lausahaidum (dative plural)
lausahaidu (instrumental singular)
lausahaidum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: lāshēd

Saterland Frisian: Loosegaid, Lozegaied

West Frisian: leasheid

Old Saxon: *lōshēd

Middle Low German: lôshêt, lôsheit

German Low German: Loosheid

Old Dutch: *lōshēd

Middle Dutch: loosheit

Dutch: loosheid

Old High German: lōsheit

Middle High German: lōsheit


rīhu

rīhu (nominative singular)
rīhō (nominative plural)
rīhā (accusative singular)
rīhā (accusative plural)
rīhā (genitive singular)
rīhō (genitive plural)
rīhē (dative singular)
rīhōm (dative plural)
rīhum (dative plural)
rīhu (instrumental singular)
rīhōm (instrumental plural)
rīhum (instrumental plural)

Old Dutch: *rīa

Middle Dutch: rië, rij

Dutch: rij

Afrikaans: ry

→ West Frisian: rij, rije

Old High German: *rīha

Middle High German: rīhe

German: Reihe

From Proto-Indo-European *reyk- (“to scratch, carve, tear”). Alternatively, derived from *rīhan (“to line up”).


infōrijan

infōrijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
infōrijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
infōrijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
infōrijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
infōriju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
infōridā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
infōrisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
infōridēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
infōridōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
infōriþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
infōridē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
infōridā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
infōrijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
infōridum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
infōriþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
infōridud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
infōrijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
infōridun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
infōrijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
infōridī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
infōrijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
infōridī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
infōrijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
infōridī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
infōrijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
infōridīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
infōrijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
infōridīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
infōrijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
infōridīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
infōri (class-1 present singular weak)
infōriþ (class-1 plural present weak)
infōrijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
infōrid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: infēran

Old Frisian: *infēra

Saterland Frisian: ienfiere

West Frisian: ynfiere

Old Saxon: *infōrian

Middle Low German: invôren, invö̂ren

German Low German: inföhren

Old Dutch: *infuoren

Middle Dutch: invueren, invoeren

Dutch: invoeren

Afrikaans: invoer

Old High German: infuoren

Middle High German: īnfüeren, īnvüeren

German: einführen


abslahan

abslahan (infinitive)
abslahannjas (genitive infinitive)
abslahannjē (dative infinitive)
abslahannju (infinitive instrumental)
abslahu (first-person present singular)
abslōh (first-person past singular)
abslahiʀi (present second-person singular)
abslōgī (past second-person singular)
abslahidi (present singular third-person)
abslōh (past singular third-person)
abslahum (first-person plural present)
abslōgum (first-person past plural)
abslahid (plural present second-person)
abslōgud (past plural second-person)
abslahand (plural present third-person)
abslōgun (past plural third-person)
abslahē (first-person present singular)
abslōgī (first-person past singular)
abslahēs (present second-person singular)
abslahē (present singular third-person)
abslōgī (past singular third-person)
abslahēm (first-person plural present)
abslōgīm (first-person past plural)
abslahēþ (plural present second-person)
abslōgīd (past plural second-person)
abslahēn (plural present third-person)
abslōgīn (past plural third-person)
abslah (present singular)
abslahid (plural present)
abslahandī (participle present)
abslagan (participle past)

desctree

Old English: ofslēan
Middle English: ofslēn

Old Frisian: *afslā, *ofslā

Saterland Frisian: ouslo

West Frisian: ôfslaan

Old Saxon: *afslahan

Middle Low German: afslān

German Low German: afslaan

Old Dutch: avaslān

Middle Dutch: aveslaen, afslaen

Dutch: afslaan

Afrikaans: afslaan

Old High German: abaslahan

desc

Middle High German: abeslahan, abslahen, abeslān, abslān, aveslāhen, aveslān

German: abschlagen


bikaupōn

bikaupōn (infinitive)
bikaupōnijas (genitive infinitive)
bikaupōnijē (dative infinitive)
bikaupōniju (infinitive instrumental)
bikaupō (first-person present singular)
bikaupōdā (first-person past singular)
bikaupōs (present second-person singular)
bikaupōdēs (past second-person singular)
bikaupōdōs (past second-person singular)
bikaupōþ (present singular third-person)
bikaupōdē (past singular third-person)
bikaupōdā (past singular third-person)
bikaupōm (first-person plural present)
bikaupōdum (first-person past plural)
bikaupōþ (plural present second-person)
bikaupōdud (past plural second-person)
bikaupōnþ (plural present third-person)
bikaupōdun (past plural third-person)
bikaupōdī (first-person past singular)
bikaupōdī (past second-person singular)
bikaupō (present singular third-person)
bikaupōdī (past singular third-person)
bikaupōdīm (first-person past plural)
bikaupōdīd (past plural second-person)
bikaupōn (plural present third-person)
bikaupōdīn (past plural third-person)
bikaupō (present singular)
bikaupōþ (plural present)
bikaupōndī (participle present)
bikaupōd (participle past)

Old English: beċēapian

Old Frisian: bikāpia

Saterland Frisian: bekopje

West Frisian: bekeapje

Old Saxon: *bikōpōn

Middle Low German: bikopen

Old Dutch: *bicoupon, *bicōpon

Middle Dutch: becopen

Dutch: bekopen

Old High German: *bikoufōn

Middle High German: bekoufen

German: bekaufen


Agil

Agil (nominative singular)
Agil (accusative singular)

Old English: Æġel, Ægil

Middle English: Ayel

English: Eagle, Egley, Ayle, Ale, Ayley, Oiley

Old Saxon: Aegel

desctree

Old High German: Agil, Egil
German: Jagel
→ Lithuanian: Jogaila
→ Belarusian: Ягайла (Jahajla)
→ Polish: Jagiełło
→ Russian: Ягайло (Jagajlo)
→ Ukrainian: Ягайло (Jahajlo)

desc

→ Medieval Latin: Agilus (possibly influenced by or from Gothic)

From Proto-Germanic *Agilaz. Equivalent to *agi (“fear”) + *il (“diminutive suffix”).

af

(Anglo-Frisian, Visigothic) a male given name


Daugardu

Daugardu (nominative singular)
Daugardā (accusative singular)
Daugardā (genitive singular)
Daugardē (dative singular)
Daugardu (instrumental singular)

Old English: Deageard, Dageard

Middle English: Douyard, Dowyard

English: Dowyard

Old Saxon: Degard

desctree

Old High German: Taugart
German: Daugard
→ Belarusian: Даўге́рд (Daŭhjérd)
→ Lithuanian: Daugardas
→ Polish: Dowgerd
→ Russian: Довге́рд (Dovgérd)
→ Ukrainian: Довге́рд (Dovhérd)

→ Medieval Latin: Daugardus

From Proto-Germanic *Daugardaz. Equivalent to *dugan (“to be worthy”) + *gard (“enclosure”).

af

(Elbe Germanic, Frankish) a male given name


Mundil

Mundil (nominative singular)
Mundil (accusative singular)
Mundilē (dative singular)
Mundilu (instrumental singular)

Old English: Mundel

Middle English: Mundel

English: Mundell

Old Saxon: Mundel

desctree

Old High German: Muntil
German: Mundel
Baltic German: Mundelis

desc

→ Medieval Latin: Mundilus (possibly influenced by or from Gothic)

From Proto-Germanic *Mundilaz. Equivalent to *mundu (“hand, protection”) + *il (“diminutive suffix”).