klappijan

klappijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
klappijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
klappijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
klappijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
klappiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
klappidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
klappisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
klappidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
klappidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
klappiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
klappidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
klappidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
klappijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
klappidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
klappiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
klappidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
klappijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
klappidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
klappijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
klappidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
klappijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
klappidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
klappijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
klappidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
klappijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
klappidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
klappijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
klappidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
klappijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
klappidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
klappi (class-1 present singular weak)
klappiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
klappijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
klappid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: clæppan, clappan
Middle English: cleppen

Old Frisian: kleppa

West Frisian: klippe

Old Saxon: *kleppian

Middle Low German: kleppen

Old Dutch: *kleppen

Middle Dutch: cleppen

Dutch: kleppen

Old High German: *klepfen

Middle High German: kleffen, klepfen

German: kläffen, kläpfen

⇒ Old High German: biklepfen


kostōn

kostōn (infinitive)
kostōnijas (genitive infinitive)
kostōnijē (dative infinitive)
kostōniju (infinitive instrumental)
kostō (first-person present singular)
kostōdā (first-person past singular)
kostōs (present second-person singular)
kostōdēs (past second-person singular)
kostōdōs (past second-person singular)
kostōþ (present singular third-person)
kostōdē (past singular third-person)
kostōdā (past singular third-person)
kostōm (first-person plural present)
kostōdum (first-person past plural)
kostōþ (plural present second-person)
kostōdud (past plural second-person)
kostōnþ (plural present third-person)
kostōdun (past plural third-person)
kostōdī (first-person past singular)
kostōdī (past second-person singular)
kostō (present singular third-person)
kostōdī (past singular third-person)
kostōdīm (first-person past plural)
kostōdīd (past plural second-person)
kostōn (plural present third-person)
kostōdīn (past plural third-person)
kostō (present singular)
kostōþ (plural present)
kostōndī (participle present)
kostōd (participle past)

Old English: costian, costnian

Middle English: costnien; bicasten (partially)

English: costen; becast, cast about

Old Frisian: *kostia

Saterland Frisian: kostje

Old Saxon: kostōn

Middle Low German: kosten

Old Dutch: *kosten

Middle Dutch: *costen

Dutch: kosten ("to taste", archaic)

Old High German: kostōn

Middle High German: kosten

German: kosten

Mòcheno: kostn

→ Polish: kosztować

From Proto-Germanic *kustōną. Equivalent to *kusti (“choice, trail”) + *-ōn.


kustijan

kustijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
kustijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
kustijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
kustijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
kustiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
kustidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
kustisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
kustidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kustidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kustiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
kustidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kustidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kustijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
kustidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
kustiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
kustidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
kustijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
kustidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
kustijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
kustidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
kustijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
kustidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kustijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
kustidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kustijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
kustidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
kustijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
kustidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
kustijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
kustidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
kusti (class-1 present singular weak)
kustiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
kustijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
kustid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: cystan

Old Frisian: kesta

Old Dutch: *kusten

Middle Dutch: custen

Dutch: kusten (dialectal)

Old High German: kusten

Middle High German: kusten


wraþþjan

wraþþjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
wraþþjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
wraþþjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
wraþþjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
wraþþju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wraþidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wraþisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wraþidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wraþidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wraþiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wraþidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wraþidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wraþþjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wraþidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
wraþiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wraþidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wraþþjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wraþidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
wraþþjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wraþidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wraþþjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wraþidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wraþþjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wraþidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wraþþjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wraþidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
wraþþjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wraþidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wraþþjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wraþidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
wraþi (class-1 present singular weak)
wraþiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
wraþþjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
wraþid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *wreþþan

⇒ Old English: underwreþþan

q

Middle English: underwrethen (attested only in the past participle underwrethed)

Old Saxon: wreþian


brammjan

brammjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
brammjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
brammjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
brammjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
brammju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
bramidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
bramisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
bramidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bramidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bramiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
bramidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
bramidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
brammjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
bramidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
bramiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
bramidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
brammjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
bramidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
brammjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
bramidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
brammjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
bramidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
brammjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
bramidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
brammjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
bramidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
brammjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
bramidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
brammjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
bramidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
brami (class-1 present singular weak)
bramiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
brammjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
bramid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: bremman

>? Middle English: brimmen

Old Frisian: *bremma

West Frisian: brimme

Old Saxon: *bremmian

Middle Low German: brimmen

Old Dutch: *bremmen

Middle Dutch: bremmen

Dutch: bremmen (obsolete)

Old High German: *bremmen

Middle High German: bremmen, brimmen

German: brimmen


karmōn

karmōn (infinitive)
karmōnijas (genitive infinitive)
karmōnijē (dative infinitive)
karmōniju (infinitive instrumental)
karmō (first-person present singular)
karmōdā (first-person past singular)
karmōs (present second-person singular)
karmōdēs (past second-person singular)
karmōdōs (past second-person singular)
karmōþ (present singular third-person)
karmōdē (past singular third-person)
karmōdā (past singular third-person)
karmōm (first-person plural present)
karmōdum (first-person past plural)
karmōþ (plural present second-person)
karmōdud (past plural second-person)
karmōnþ (plural present third-person)
karmōdun (past plural third-person)
karmōdī (first-person past singular)
karmōdī (past second-person singular)
karmō (present singular third-person)
karmōdī (past singular third-person)
karmōdīm (first-person past plural)
karmōdīd (past plural second-person)
karmōn (plural present third-person)
karmōdīn (past plural third-person)
karmō (present singular)
karmōþ (plural present)
karmōndī (participle present)
karmōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *zermia, *kermia (< *karmijōn)

West Frisian: tsjirmje, tjirmje, kirmje

⇒ Old Frisian: *karmkia

Saterland Frisian: kaamkje

Old Saxon: *karmōn

Middle Low German: karmen

⇒ karminge f

Old Dutch: *karmon

Middle Dutch: karmen, kermen (likely conflated with the descendant of *karmijan, due to R-colouring)

Dutch: kermen
Afrikaans: kerm

desc

⇒ Middle Dutch: gecarm, gecarem, gekerm n

Dutch: gekerm

Old High German: *karmōn

Middle High German: karmen (“to mourn, grieve, lament”)

German: karmen


karmijan

karmijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
karmijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
karmijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
karmijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
karmiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
karmidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
karmisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
karmidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
karmidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
karmiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
karmidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
karmidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
karmijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
karmidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
karmiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
karmidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
karmijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
karmidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
karmijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
karmidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
karmijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
karmidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
karmijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
karmidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
karmijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
karmidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
karmijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
karmidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
karmijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
karmidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
karmi (class-1 present singular weak)
karmiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
karmijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
karmid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ċirman, ċerman, ċierman, ċyrman

desctree

Middle English: chirmen
English: chirm
Scots: chirm, churm

Old Saxon: *kermian

Middle Low German: kermen

Old Dutch: *kermen

q

Middle Dutch: kermen (likely conflated with the descendant of *karmōn)

Dutch: kermen

From *karm(i) (“cry, moan”) + *-jan, ultimately from the same source as Proto-Germanic *karmiz (“call, cry, shout”).


muldijan

muldijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
muldijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
muldijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
muldijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
muldiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
muldidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
muldisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
muldidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
muldidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
muldiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
muldidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
muldidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
muldijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
muldidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
muldiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
muldidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
muldijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
muldidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
muldijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
muldidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
muldijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
muldidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
muldijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
muldidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
muldijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
muldidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
muldijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
muldidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
muldijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
muldidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
muldi (class-1 present singular weak)
muldiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
muldijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
muldid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *myldan

⇒ Old English: bemyldan

Old High German: multen

From Proto-Germanic *muldijaną. Equivalent to *muldu (“soil”) + *-jan.


staumijan

staumijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
staumijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
staumijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
staumijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
staumiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
staumidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
staumisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
staumidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
staumidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
staumiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
staumidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
staumidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
staumijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
staumidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
staumiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
staumidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
staumijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
staumidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
staumijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
staumidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
staumijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
staumidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
staumijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
staumidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
staumijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
staumidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
staumijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
staumidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
staumijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
staumidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
staumi (class-1 present singular weak)
staumiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
staumijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
staumid (class-1 participle past weak)

desc

Old English: stīeman, stīman, stȳman, stēman

Middle English: stemen

English: steam

Old Frisian: *stēma

West Frisian: stieme

Old Dutch: *stōmen

Middle Dutch: stômen

Dutch: stomen

→ West Frisian: stome, stoomje


smaugijan

smaugijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
smaugijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
smaugijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
smaugijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
smaugiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
smaugidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
smaugisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
smaugidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
smaugidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
smaugiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
smaugidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
smaugidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
smaugijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
smaugidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
smaugiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
smaugidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
smaugijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
smaugidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
smaugijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
smaugidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
smaugijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
smaugidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
smaugijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
smaugidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
smaugijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
smaugidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
smaugijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
smaugidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
smaugijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
smaugidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
smaugi (class-1 present singular weak)
smaugiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
smaugijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
smaugid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old High German: *smougen

Middle High German: smougen


faimijan

faimijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
faimijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
faimijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
faimijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
faimiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
faimidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
faimisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
faimidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
faimidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
faimiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
faimidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
faimidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
faimijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
faimidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
faimiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
faimidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
faimijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
faimidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
faimijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
faimidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
faimijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
faimidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
faimijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
faimidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
faimijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
faimidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
faimijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
faimidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
faimijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
faimidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
faimi (class-1 present singular weak)
faimiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
faimijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
faimid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: fǣman
Middle English: femen, feme, feamin (Early Middle English)
Scots: feam, faem, feem

Old Saxon: *fēmian

Middle Low German: *vêmen, *veimen

⇒ Middle Low German: vêmer, veimer

Old High German: feimen

Middle High German: veimen

German: feimen

desc

⇒ Middle High German: veimære, veimer, feimer

German: Feimer


haupōn

haupōn (infinitive)
haupōnijas (genitive infinitive)
haupōnijē (dative infinitive)
haupōniju (infinitive instrumental)
haupō (first-person present singular)
haupōdā (first-person past singular)
haupōs (present second-person singular)
haupōdēs (past second-person singular)
haupōdōs (past second-person singular)
haupōþ (present singular third-person)
haupōdē (past singular third-person)
haupōdā (past singular third-person)
haupōm (first-person plural present)
haupōdum (first-person past plural)
haupōþ (plural present second-person)
haupōdud (past plural second-person)
haupōnþ (plural present third-person)
haupōdun (past plural third-person)
haupōdī (first-person past singular)
haupōdī (past second-person singular)
haupō (present singular third-person)
haupōdī (past singular third-person)
haupōdīm (first-person past plural)
haupōdīd (past plural second-person)
haupōn (plural present third-person)
haupōdīn (past plural third-person)
haupō (present singular)
haupōþ (plural present)
haupōndī (participle present)
haupōd (participle past)

Old English: *hēapan

q

Middle English: hepen (likely merged with the descendant of *haupijan)

English: heap

⇒ Old English: gehēapan

Old Frisian: *hāpia

Saterland Frisian: hoopje

West Frisian: heapje

Old Saxon: *hōpon

Middle Low German: hōpen

⇒ Old Saxon: gihōpon

desctree

Old Dutch: hōpon
Middle Dutch: hōpen
Dutch: hopen
Limburgish: haope

Old High German: houfōn

Middle High German: houfen


haupijan

haupijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
haupijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
haupijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
haupijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
haupiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
haupidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
haupisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
haupidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haupidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haupiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
haupidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haupidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haupijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
haupidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
haupiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
haupidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
haupijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
haupidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
haupijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
haupidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
haupijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
haupidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haupijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
haupidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haupijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
haupidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
haupijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
haupidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
haupijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
haupidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
haupi (class-1 present singular weak)
haupiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
haupijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
haupid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hīepan

q

Middle English: hepen (likely merged with the descendant of *haupōn)

English: heap

Old Saxon: *hōpian

Middle Low German: hȫpen

Old High German: *houfen

Middle High German: *höufen

German: häufen


munþattjan

munþattjan (infinitive)
munþattjannjas (genitive infinitive)
munþattjannjē (dative infinitive)
munþattjannju (infinitive instrumental)
munþattju (first-person present singular)
munþattā (first-person past singular)
munþatisi (present second-person singular)
munþattēs (past second-person singular)
munþattōs (past second-person singular)
munþatiþi (present singular third-person)
munþattē (past singular third-person)
munþattā (past singular third-person)
munþattjum (first-person plural present)
munþattum (first-person past plural)
munþatiþ (plural present second-person)
munþattud (past plural second-person)
munþattjanþ (plural present third-person)
munþattun (past plural third-person)
munþattjē (first-person present singular)
munþattī (first-person past singular)
munþattjēs (present second-person singular)
munþattī (past second-person singular)
munþattjē (present singular third-person)
munþattī (past singular third-person)
munþattjēm (first-person plural present)
munþattīm (first-person past plural)
munþattjēþ (plural present second-person)
munþattīd (past plural second-person)
munþattjēn (plural present third-person)
munþattīn (past plural third-person)
munþati (present singular)
munþatiþ (plural present)
munþattjandī (participle present)
munþatt (participle past)

Old English: mūþettan

Old High German: mundezzen, mundazzen


hoppattjan

hoppattjan (infinitive)
hoppattjannjas (genitive infinitive)
hoppattjannjē (dative infinitive)
hoppattjannju (infinitive instrumental)
hoppattju (first-person present singular)
hoppattā (first-person past singular)
hoppatisi (present second-person singular)
hoppattēs (past second-person singular)
hoppattōs (past second-person singular)
hoppatiþi (present singular third-person)
hoppattē (past singular third-person)
hoppattā (past singular third-person)
hoppattjum (first-person plural present)
hoppattum (first-person past plural)
hoppatiþ (plural present second-person)
hoppattud (past plural second-person)
hoppattjanþ (plural present third-person)
hoppattun (past plural third-person)
hoppattjē (first-person present singular)
hoppattī (first-person past singular)
hoppattjēs (present second-person singular)
hoppattī (past second-person singular)
hoppattjē (present singular third-person)
hoppattī (past singular third-person)
hoppattjēm (first-person plural present)
hoppattīm (first-person past plural)
hoppattjēþ (plural present second-person)
hoppattīd (past plural second-person)
hoppattjēn (plural present third-person)
hoppattīn (past plural third-person)
hoppati (present singular)
hoppatiþ (plural present)
hoppattjandī (participle present)
hoppatt (participle past)

Old English: hoppettan

desc

Old High German: hoppazzen, hoppezzen, hophezzen, hopfezzen

Middle High German: *hoppezen, *hopzen

German: hopsen

From *hoppōn (“to hop”) + *-attjan. Ultimately related to *huppijaną (“to hop”).


anattjan

anattjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
anattjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
anattjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
anattjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
anattju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
anattā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
anatisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
anattēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
anattōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
anatiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
anattē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
anattā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
anattjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
anattum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
anatiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
anattud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
anattjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
anattun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
anattjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
anattī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
anattjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
anattī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
anattjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
anattī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
anattjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
anattīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
anattjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
anattīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
anattjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
anattīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
anati (class-1 present singular weak)
anatiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
anattjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
anatt (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Dutch: anetten

Old High German: anazzen

→ Old French: anesser

Likely from *ana- + *attjan, a prefixed descendant of Proto-Germanic *atjaną (“to incite”).


kabl

kabl (nominative singular)
kablō (nominative plural)
kablōs (nominative plural)
kabl (accusative singular)
kablā (accusative plural)
kablas (genitive singular)
kablō (genitive plural)
kablē (dative singular)
kablum (dative plural)
kablu (instrumental singular)
kablum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *kaval; *kavala f

Middle Low German: kāvele, kāvel

→ German: Kabel (dialectal)

→ Polish: kawałek

Old Dutch: *cavela

Middle Dutch: cāvele, cāvel

Dutch: kavel

From Proto-Germanic *kablaz (“stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵebʰ- (“branch”).


stōl

stōl (nominative singular)
stōlō (nominative plural)
stōlōs (nominative plural)
stōl (accusative singular)
stōlā (accusative plural)
stōlas (genitive singular)
stōlō (genitive plural)
stōlē (dative singular)
stōlum (dative plural)
stōlu (instrumental singular)
stōlum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: stōl
Middle English: stool
English: stool
Scots: stuil, stul, stule

Old Frisian: stōl

North Frisian: stuul, stölj, Stuul

Saterland Frisian: Stoul

West Frisian: stoel

Old Saxon: stōl
Middle Low German: stôl
German Low German: Stohl (also Münsterländisch), Stauhl (Paderbornisch), Staul (Sauerländisch)
→ Lower Sorbian: stoł
Plautdietsch: Stool
→ Estonian: tool
→ Votic: stooli

Old Dutch: stuol
Middle Dutch: stoel
Dutch: stoel
Afrikaans: stoel
→ Nǀuu: stulsi
→ Southern Ndebele: ísítúlo
→ Shona: chitúru, chitúro
→ Sotho: setulo
→ Swazi: sítúlo
→ Tsonga: xitulu
→ Xhosa: ísítúlo
→ Zulu: ísítúlo
Jersey Dutch: stûl
Negerhollands: stoel, stul, stuel
Skepi Creole Dutch: stool
→ Aukan: sutuu
→ Fanagalo: stul (possibly via Zulu or from English)
→ Papiamentu: stul, stoeltsje, stoeltji
→ Sranan Tongo: sturu
Limburgish: stool

Old High German: stuol
Middle High German: stuol
German: Stuhl
Hunsrik: Stuhl
Luxembourgish: Stull
Vilamovian: śtül
Yiddish: שטול (shtul)

From Proto-Germanic *stōlaz, from Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂los (“frame, rack, stand”), from *steh₂- (“to stand”).


rāsijan

rāsijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
rāsijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
rāsijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
rāsijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
rāsiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
rāsidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
rāsisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
rāsidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
rāsidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
rāsiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
rāsidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rāsidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rāsijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
rāsidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
rāsiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
rāsidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
rāsijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
rāsidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
rāsijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
rāsidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
rāsijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
rāsidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
rāsijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
rāsidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rāsijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
rāsidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
rāsijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
rāsidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
rāsijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
rāsidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
rāsi (class-1 present singular weak)
rāsiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
rāsijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
rāsid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: rǣsan

Middle English: resen

Old Dutch: *rāsen (or a descendant of *rēsōną)

Middle Dutch: râsen

Dutch: razen

→ West Frisian: raze, raazje

Old High German: rāsen

Middle High German: rāsen

German: rasen

From Proto-Germanic *rēsijaną, equivalent to *rāsu (“running, course, rush”) + *-jan.


rāsōn

rāsōn (infinitive)
rāsōnijas (genitive infinitive)
rāsōnijē (dative infinitive)
rāsōniju (infinitive instrumental)
rāsō (first-person present singular)
rāsōdā (first-person past singular)
rāsōs (present second-person singular)
rāsōdēs (past second-person singular)
rāsōdōs (past second-person singular)
rāsōþ (present singular third-person)
rāsōdē (past singular third-person)
rāsōdā (past singular third-person)
rāsōm (first-person plural present)
rāsōdum (first-person past plural)
rāsōþ (plural present second-person)
rāsōdud (past plural second-person)
rāsōnþ (plural present third-person)
rāsōdun (past plural third-person)
rāsōdī (first-person past singular)
rāsōdī (past second-person singular)
rāsō (present singular third-person)
rāsōdī (past singular third-person)
rāsōdīm (first-person past plural)
rāsōdīd (past plural second-person)
rāsōn (plural present third-person)
rāsōdīn (past plural third-person)
rāsō (present singular)
rāsōþ (plural present)
rāsōndī (participle present)
rāsōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *rāsōn

Middle Low German: râsen

German Low German: rasen

Old Dutch: *rāsōn (or a descendant of *rēsijaną)

Middle Dutch: râsen

Dutch: razen

Afrikaans: raas

→ West Frisian: raze, raazje

Old High German: rāsōn

Middle High German: rāsen

German: rasen

Hunsrik: raase

From Proto-Germanic *rēsōną, equivalent to *rās (“running, course, rush”) + *-ōn.


faldi

faldi (nominative singular)
faldī (nominative plural)
faldi (accusative singular)
faldī (accusative plural)
faldī (genitive singular)
faldijō (genitive plural)
faldī (dative singular)
faldim (dative plural)
faldijum (dative plural)
faldī (instrumental singular)
faldim (instrumental plural)
faldijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: field, fyld, fild

i

>? Old High German: fald, falt (inflected for both a- and i-declensions)

Middle High German: falt, valt

From Proto-Germanic *faldiz. Related to *falþan (“to fold”).


raskijan

raskijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
raskijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
raskijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
raskijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
raskiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
raskidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
raskisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
raskidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
raskidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
raskiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
raskidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
raskidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
raskijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
raskidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
raskiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
raskidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
raskijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
raskidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
raskijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
raskidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
raskijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
raskidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
raskijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
raskidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
raskijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
raskidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
raskijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
raskidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
raskijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
raskidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
raski (class-1 present singular weak)
raskiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
raskijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
raskid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ræsċan

Old High German: resken

⇒ Old High German: giresken

From *rasku (“energetic, quick”) + *-jan.


raskattjan

raskattjan (infinitive)
raskattjannjas (genitive infinitive)
raskattjannjē (dative infinitive)
raskattjannju (infinitive instrumental)
raskattju (first-person present singular)
raskattā (first-person past singular)
raskatisi (present second-person singular)
raskattēs (past second-person singular)
raskattōs (past second-person singular)
raskatiþi (present singular third-person)
raskattē (past singular third-person)
raskattā (past singular third-person)
raskattjum (first-person plural present)
raskattum (first-person past plural)
raskatiþ (plural present second-person)
raskattud (past plural second-person)
raskattjanþ (plural present third-person)
raskattun (past plural third-person)
raskattjē (first-person present singular)
raskattī (first-person past singular)
raskattjēs (present second-person singular)
raskattī (past second-person singular)
raskattjē (present singular third-person)
raskattī (past singular third-person)
raskattjēm (first-person plural present)
raskattīm (first-person past plural)
raskattjēþ (plural present second-person)
raskattīd (past plural second-person)
raskattjēn (plural present third-person)
raskattīn (past plural third-person)
raskati (present singular)
raskatiþ (plural present)
raskattjandī (participle present)
raskatt (participle past)

Old English: ræscettan

>? Old Saxon: raskitōn (unexpected class 2 inflection)

Old High German: raskezzen

From *rasku (“energetic, quick”) + *-attjan.


randijan

randijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
randijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
randijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
randijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
randiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
randidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
randisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
randidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
randidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
randiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
randidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
randidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
randijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
randidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
randiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
randidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
randijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
randidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
randijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
randidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
randijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
randidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
randijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
randidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
randijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
randidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
randijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
randidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
randijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
randidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
randi (class-1 present singular weak)
randiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
randijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
randid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: rendan

Middle English: renden

English: rend

Scots: rend

Old Frisian: renda, renna

Old Dutch: *renden

Middle Dutch: renden


plihtijan

plihtijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
plihtijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
plihtijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
plihtijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
plihtiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
plihtidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
plihtisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
plihtidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
plihtidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
plihtiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
plihtidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
plihtidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
plihtijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
plihtidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
plihtiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
plihtidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
plihtijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
plihtidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
plihtijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
plihtidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
plihtijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
plihtidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
plihtijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
plihtidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
plihtijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
plihtidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
plihtijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
plihtidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
plihtijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
plihtidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
plihti (class-1 present singular weak)
plihtiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
plihtijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
plihtid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: plihtan

Middle English: plighten

English: plight

Old Frisian: plihta

Old Saxon: *plihten

Middle Low German: plichten

Old Dutch: *plihten

Middle Dutch: plichten

Dutch: plichten, plechten (obsolete)

Old High German: *pflihten, *phlihten

Middle High German: pflichten

German: pflichten (obsolete)

From *plihti (“duty, obligation”) + *-jan.


augnijan

augnijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
augnijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
augnijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
augnijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
augniju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
augnidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
augnisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
augnidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
augnidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
augniþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
augnidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
augnidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
augnijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
augnidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
augniþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
augnidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
augnijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
augnidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
augnijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
augnidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
augnijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
augnidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
augnijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
augnidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
augnijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
augnidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
augnijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
augnidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
augnijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
augnidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
augni (class-1 present singular weak)
augniþ (class-1 plural present weak)
augnijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
augnid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English:

Middle English: aunen

Old High German: *ouganen

Middle High German: ougenen, öugenen

From Proto-Germanic *augnijaną. Equivalent to *augā (“eye”) + *-jan.


taugnōn

taugnōn (infinitive)
taugnōnijas (genitive infinitive)
taugnōnijē (dative infinitive)
taugnōniju (infinitive instrumental)
taugnō (first-person present singular)
taugnōdā (first-person past singular)
taugnōs (present second-person singular)
taugnōdēs (past second-person singular)
taugnōdōs (past second-person singular)
taugnōþ (present singular third-person)
taugnōdē (past singular third-person)
taugnōdā (past singular third-person)
taugnōm (first-person plural present)
taugnōdum (first-person past plural)
taugnōþ (plural present second-person)
taugnōdud (past plural second-person)
taugnōnþ (plural present third-person)
taugnōdun (past plural third-person)
taugnōdī (first-person past singular)
taugnōdī (past second-person singular)
taugnō (present singular third-person)
taugnōdī (past singular third-person)
taugnōdīm (first-person past plural)
taugnōdīd (past plural second-person)
taugnōn (plural present third-person)
taugnōdīn (past plural third-person)
taugnō (present singular)
taugnōþ (plural present)
taugnōndī (participle present)
taugnōd (participle past)

Old English: *tēagnian, *tēahnian

gl

Middle English: taunen, tawnen (possibly borrowed from Low German or Dutch)

Old Frisian: *tānia

West Frisian: teanje

gl

>? Old Frisian: tōna, *tāna (class 1 weak verb) (probably a borrowing from Low German or Dutch)

West Frisian: toane, teane

Old Saxon: *tōnōn

Middle Low German: tônen

Old Dutch: *tougnon, *tōnon

Middle Dutch: tônen, togenen

Dutch: tonen

Limburgish: toeane

Old High German: *zouhnōn, *zounōn

Middle High German: zounen, zōnen


ataugijan

ataugijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
ataugijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
ataugijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
ataugijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
ataugiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
ataugidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
ataugisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
ataugidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ataugidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ataugiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
ataugidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ataugidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ataugijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
ataugidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
ataugiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
ataugidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
ataugijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
ataugidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
ataugijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
ataugidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
ataugijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
ataugidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ataugijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
ataugidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ataugijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
ataugidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
ataugijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
ataugidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
ataugijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
ataugidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
ataugi (class-1 present singular weak)
ataugiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
ataugijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
ataugid (class-1 participle past weak)

desc

Old English: ætīewan, ætȳwan, ætīwan, ætēowan

Middle English: atēwien, atywen

Old Frisian: tāuwa, tāwa

Old Saxon: tōgian

Middle Low German: tȫgen

Old Dutch: tōgen

Middle Dutch: tôgen

⇒ Middle Dutch: betôgen

Dutch: betogen

Old High German: zougen

Middle High German: zöugen, zougen, zoigen, zöigen

From Proto-Germanic *ataugijaną, equivalent to *at- + *augijan.


līmijan

līmijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
līmijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
līmijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
līmijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
līmiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
līmidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
līmisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
līmidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
līmidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
līmiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
līmidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
līmidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
līmijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
līmidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
līmiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
līmidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
līmijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
līmidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
līmijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
līmidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
līmijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
līmidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
līmijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
līmidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
līmijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
līmidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
līmijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
līmidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
līmijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
līmidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
līmi (class-1 present singular weak)
līmiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
līmijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
līmid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: līman

Middle English: limen

English: lime

Old Frisian: *līma

West Frisian: lymje, lime

Old Saxon: *līmian

Middle Low German: limen

Old Dutch: *līmen

desctree

Middle Dutch: limen
Dutch: lijmen
Limburgish: lieme

Old High German: līmen

Middle High German: līmen

German: leimen

From Proto-Germanic *līmijaną. Equivalent to *līm (“glue”) + *-jan.


lauþrijan

lauþrijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
lauþrijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
lauþrijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
lauþrijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
lauþriju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
lauþridā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
lauþrisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
lauþridēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
lauþridōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
lauþriþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
lauþridē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
lauþridā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
lauþrijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
lauþridum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
lauþriþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
lauþridud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
lauþrijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
lauþridun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
lauþrijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
lauþridī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
lauþrijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
lauþridī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
lauþrijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
lauþridī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
lauþrijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
lauþridīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
lauþrijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
lauþridīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
lauþrijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
lauþridīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
lauþri (class-1 present singular weak)
lauþriþ (class-1 plural present weak)
lauþrijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
lauþrid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: līeþran, lȳþran, lēþran, līþran
Middle English: letheren, lutheren, litheren, latheren
English: lather

From Proto-Germanic *lauþrijaną. Equivalent to *lauþr (“soap”) + *-jan.


laihnijan

laihnijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
laihnijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
laihnijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
laihnijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
laihniju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
laihnidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
laihnisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
laihnidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laihnidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laihniþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
laihnidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laihnidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laihnijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
laihnidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
laihniþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
laihnidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
laihnijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
laihnidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
laihnijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
laihnidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
laihnijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
laihnidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laihnijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
laihnidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laihnijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
laihnidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
laihnijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
laihnidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
laihnijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
laihnidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
laihni (class-1 present singular weak)
laihniþ (class-1 plural present weak)
laihnijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
laihnid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: lǣnan

Middle English: lænen, lenen

English: len, lend

Scots: len, lend

Old Frisian: lēna

Saterland Frisian: leene, leende

West Frisian: liene

Old Saxon: *lēhnian (or from *laihnōn)

desc

Middle Low German: lêhenen, lêenen, lehnen, lênen, leinen, leynen

German Low German: lehnen

Old Dutch: *lēnen (or from *laihnōn)

Middle Dutch: lênen

Dutch: lenen

Afrikaans: leen

Limburgish: liëne

Old High German: *lēhennen

⇒ Old High German: antlēhennen

From Proto-Germanic *laihnijaną, equivalent to *laihn (“loan”) + *-jan.


laihnōn

laihnōn (infinitive)
laihnōnijas (genitive infinitive)
laihnōnijē (dative infinitive)
laihnōniju (infinitive instrumental)
laihnō (first-person present singular)
laihnōdā (first-person past singular)
laihnōs (present second-person singular)
laihnōdēs (past second-person singular)
laihnōdōs (past second-person singular)
laihnōþ (present singular third-person)
laihnōdē (past singular third-person)
laihnōdā (past singular third-person)
laihnōm (first-person plural present)
laihnōdum (first-person past plural)
laihnōþ (plural present second-person)
laihnōdud (past plural second-person)
laihnōnþ (plural present third-person)
laihnōdun (past plural third-person)
laihnōdī (first-person past singular)
laihnōdī (past second-person singular)
laihnō (present singular third-person)
laihnōdī (past singular third-person)
laihnōdīm (first-person past plural)
laihnōdīd (past plural second-person)
laihnōn (plural present third-person)
laihnōdīn (past plural third-person)
laihnō (present singular)
laihnōþ (plural present)
laihnōndī (participle present)
laihnōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: lēhnōn

German Low German: lehnen

Old Dutch: *lēnon (or from *laihnijan)

Middle Dutch: lênen

Dutch: lenen

Limburgish: lieëne

Old High German: lēhanōn

Middle High German: lēhenen, lēnen

Central Franconian: liehne, lehne

German: lehnen

Luxembourgish: léinen

From Proto-Germanic *laihnōną, equivalent to *laihn (“loan”) + *-ōn.


fulladōn

fulladōn (infinitive)
fulladōnijas (genitive infinitive)
fulladōnijē (dative infinitive)
fulladōniju (infinitive instrumental)
fulladōmi (first-person present singular)
fulladedā (first-person past singular)
fulladōsi (present second-person singular)
fulladedēs (past second-person singular)
fulladōþi (present singular third-person)
fulladedē (past singular third-person)
fulladōm (first-person plural present)
fulladādum (first-person past plural)
fulladōþ (plural present second-person)
fulladādud (past plural second-person)
fulladōnþi (plural present third-person)
fulladādun (past plural third-person)
fulladō (first-person present singular)
fulladādī (first-person past singular)
fulladōs (present second-person singular)
fulladādī (past second-person singular)
fulladō (present singular third-person)
fulladādī (past singular third-person)
fulladādīm (first-person past plural)
fulladādīd (past plural second-person)
fulladōn (plural present third-person)
fulladādīn (past plural third-person)
fulladō (present singular)
fulladōþ (plural present)
fulladōndī (participle present)
fulladān (participle past)
*fulldōn (alternative)

Old English: fulldōn, fuldōn

Middle English: fuldon

English: fulldo

Old Frisian: fullduā

Saterland Frisian: fuldwo

West Frisian: foldwaan

Old Saxon: *fulladōn, *fulldōn

Middle Low German: vuldôn, voldôn

German Low German: vulldoon

Old Dutch: *fullduon, *follduon, *folduon

Middle Dutch: voldoen

Dutch: voldoen

Afrikaans: voldoen

Old High German: fullatuon

Middle High German: volletuon, folletuon, volletūn, folletūn, voltuon

German: volltun


mahtijan

mahtijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
mahtijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
mahtijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
mahtijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
mahtiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
mahtidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
mahtisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
mahtidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
mahtidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
mahtiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
mahtidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
mahtidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
mahtijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
mahtidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
mahtiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
mahtidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
mahtijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
mahtidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
mahtijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
mahtidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
mahtijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
mahtidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
mahtijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
mahtidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
mahtijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
mahtidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
mahtijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
mahtidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
mahtijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
mahtidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
mahti (class-1 present singular weak)
mahtiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
mahtijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
mahtid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *mihtan

Middle English: mighten

Old Saxon: *mahtian

Middle Low German: mechten

Old Dutch: *mahten

Middle Dutch: machten

From Proto-Germanic *mahtijaną, equivalent to *mahti (“power, strength”) + *-jan.


unmahtijan

unmahtijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
unmahtijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
unmahtijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
unmahtijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
unmahtiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
unmahtidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
unmahtisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
unmahtidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unmahtidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unmahtiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
unmahtidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unmahtidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unmahtijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
unmahtidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
unmahtiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
unmahtidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
unmahtijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
unmahtidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
unmahtijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
unmahtidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
unmahtijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
unmahtidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unmahtijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
unmahtidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unmahtijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
unmahtidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
unmahtijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
unmahtidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
unmahtijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
unmahtidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
unmahti (class-1 present singular weak)
unmahtiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
unmahtijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
unmahtid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *unmihtan

⇒ Old English: geunmihtan

Old Saxon: *unmahtian

Middle Low German: unmechten

Old High German: unmahten

Middle High German: unmechten

From *unmahti (“lack of power, weakness”) + *-jan.


sprākī

sprākī (masculine nominative singular)
sprākiju (feminine nominative singular)
sprākī (neuter nominative singular)
sprākijanā (accusative masculine singular)
sprākijā (accusative feminine singular)
sprākī (accusative neuter singular)
sprākijas (genitive masculine singular)
sprākijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
sprākijas (genitive neuter singular)
sprākijumē (dative masculine singular)
sprākijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
sprākijumē (dative neuter singular)
sprākiju (instrumental masculine singular)
sprākijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
sprākiju (instrumental neuter singular)
sprākijē (masculine nominative plural)
sprākijō (feminine nominative plural)
sprākiju (neuter nominative plural)
sprākijā (accusative masculine plural)
sprākijā (accusative feminine plural)
sprākiju (accusative neuter plural)
sprākijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
sprākijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
sprākijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
sprākijēm (dative masculine plural)
sprākijum (dative masculine plural)
sprākijēm (dative feminine plural)
sprākijum (dative feminine plural)
sprākijēm (dative neuter plural)
sprākijum (dative neuter plural)
sprākijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
sprākijum (instrumental masculine plural)
sprākijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
sprākijum (feminine instrumental plural)
sprākijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
sprākijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: *sprǣce

⇒ Old English: ofersprǣċe

⇒ Old English: twēosprǣċe

⇒ Old English: yfelsprǣċe

⇒ Old English: ymbsprǣċe

Old Saxon: *sprāki

⇒ Old Saxon: gōdsprāki

Old High German: *sprāhhī

⇒ Old High German: filusprāhhi

⇒ Old High German: wāhsprāhhi

From Proto-Germanic *sprēkiz + *-ī (adjective suffix), vṛddhi gerundive of *sprekaną (“to speak”).

vrd

gespräche

Old High German: gisprāhhi, gispāhhi; Middle High German


slīþijan

slīþijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
slīþijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
slīþijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
slīþijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
slīþiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
slīþidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
slīþisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
slīþidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
slīþidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
slīþiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
slīþidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
slīþidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
slīþijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
slīþidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
slīþiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
slīþidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
slīþijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
slīþidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
slīþijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
slīþidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
slīþijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
slīþidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
slīþijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
slīþidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
slīþijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
slīþidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
slīþijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
slīþidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
slīþijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
slīþidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
slīþi (class-1 present singular weak)
slīþiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
slīþijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
slīþid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: slīþan

From Proto-Germanic *slīþijaną, equivalent to *slīþī (“dangerous, harmful”) + *-jan.


tahhrijan

tahhrijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
tahhrijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
tahhrijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
tahhrijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
tahhriju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
tahhridā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
tahhrisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
tahhridēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tahhridōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tahhriþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
tahhridē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tahhridā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tahhrijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
tahhridum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
tahhriþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
tahhridud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
tahhrijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
tahhridun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
tahhrijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
tahhridī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
tahhrijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
tahhridī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tahhrijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
tahhridī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tahhrijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
tahhridīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
tahhrijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
tahhridīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
tahhrijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
tahhridīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
tahhri (class-1 present singular weak)
tahhriþ (class-1 plural present weak)
tahhrijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
tahhrid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: tīeran, tīran, tȳran

Old High German: *zaharen

Middle High German: zaheren, zeheren

From Proto-Germanic *tahrijaną. Equivalent to *tahr (“tear”) + *-jan.


hagustald

hagustald (nominative singular)
hagustaldō (nominative plural)
hagustaldōs (nominative plural)
hagustald (accusative singular)
hagustaldā (accusative plural)
hagustaldas (genitive singular)
hagustaldō (genitive plural)
hagustaldē (dative singular)
hagustaldum (dative plural)
hagustaldu (instrumental singular)
hagustaldum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: hagosteald, hagusteald, hæġsteald, hehsteald
Middle English: hassel, haselle
→? Old Norse: haukstaldar, haukstallar

Old Saxon: hagastald, hagustald

desc

Middle Low German: hāgestolte, hāgestolt, hāgenstolt

Old High German: hagastalt, hagustalt

Middle High German: hagestalt, hagestolt

German: Hagestolz

From Proto-Germanic *hagustaldaz. Equivalent to *hagu (“enclosure, pasture”) + *stald (“dwelling”).


weluk

weluk (nominative singular)
welukō (nominative plural)
welukōs (nominative plural)
weluk (accusative singular)
welukā (accusative plural)
welukas (genitive singular)
welukō (genitive plural)
welukē (dative singular)
welukum (dative plural)
weluku (instrumental singular)
welukum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: weoloc, weluc, weolc, weoluc, wiloc, wioloc, wyloc
Middle English: welk, welke, whelke, wilke, woelk, wylk, wylke
English: whelk, welk, whilk, wilk
Scots: wulk, wilk, welk
→ Old French: welke

Old Dutch: *wiluc, *weluc

Middle Dutch: willoc, wilc, welc

Dutch: wulk

→ West Frisian: wulk

West Flemish: willok, wullok

Unknown; possibly from a Proto-Germanic *welukaz, from Proto-Indo-European *welH-.


dulþijan

dulþijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
dulþijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
dulþijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
dulþijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
dulþiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
dulþidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
dulþisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
dulþidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
dulþidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
dulþiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
dulþidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
dulþidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
dulþijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
dulþidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
dulþiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
dulþidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
dulþijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
dulþidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
dulþijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
dulþidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
dulþijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
dulþidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
dulþijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
dulþidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
dulþijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
dulþidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
dulþijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
dulþidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
dulþijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
dulþidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
dulþi (class-1 present singular weak)
dulþiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
dulþijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
dulþid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old High German: tulden

Middle High German: tulden, tulten

From Proto-Germanic *dulþijaną, equivalent to *dulþi (“celebration, festival”) + *-jan.


aiþijan

aiþijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
aiþijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
aiþijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
aiþijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
aiþiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
aiþidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
aiþisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
aiþidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
aiþidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
aiþiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
aiþidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
aiþidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
aiþijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
aiþidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
aiþiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
aiþidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
aiþijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
aiþidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
aiþijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
aiþidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
aiþijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
aiþidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
aiþijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
aiþidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
aiþijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
aiþidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
aiþijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
aiþidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
aiþijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
aiþidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
aiþi (class-1 present singular weak)
aiþiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
aiþijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
aiþid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ǣþan

Middle English: ethen

Old Frisian: ētha

Old Saxon: *ēþian

Middle Low German: êden

Old Dutch: *ēþen

Middle Dutch: êden

Dutch: eden (obsolete)

Old High German: *eiden

Middle High German: eiden

German: eiden (obsolete)

⇒ Old High German: gieiden


twiʀstaurijan

twiʀstaurijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
twiʀstaurijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
twiʀstaurijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
twiʀstaurijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
twiʀstauriju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
twiʀstauridā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
twiʀstaurisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
twiʀstauridēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
twiʀstauridōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
twiʀstauriþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
twiʀstauridē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
twiʀstauridā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
twiʀstaurijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
twiʀstauridum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
twiʀstauriþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
twiʀstauridud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
twiʀstaurijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
twiʀstauridun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
twiʀstaurijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
twiʀstauridī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
twiʀstaurijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
twiʀstauridī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
twiʀstaurijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
twiʀstauridī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
twiʀstaurijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
twiʀstauridīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
twiʀstaurijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
twiʀstauridīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
twiʀstaurijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
twiʀstauridīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
twiʀstauri (class-1 present singular weak)
twiʀstauriþ (class-1 plural present weak)
twiʀstaurijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
twiʀstaurid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: tostēra

West Frisian: testooren

Old Saxon: testōrian

Middle Low German: tostȫren, tostoren

Old Dutch: testōren

Old High German: zistōren, zirstōren

Middle High German: zerstören

German: zerstören

From *twiʀ- (“twain, asunder”) + *staurijan (“to destroy, disturb”).


burstilu

burstilu (nominative singular)
burstilō (nominative plural)
burstilā (accusative singular)
burstilā (accusative plural)
burstilā (genitive singular)
burstilō (genitive plural)
burstilē (dative singular)
burstilōm (dative plural)
burstilum (dative plural)
burstilu (instrumental singular)
burstilōm (instrumental plural)
burstilum (instrumental plural)
*burstil (alternative)

Old English: *byrstel, *brystl, bristl

desc

Middle English: brustel, brostel, brestel, bristel

English: bristle

Scots: brustle, bristle, brissle

Old Frisian: *borstel, *berstel

Saterland Frisian: Bäärsel

West Frisian: boarstel

Old Saxon: *burstila; *burstil m

Middle Low German: borstel, börstel

German Low German: Bössel

Plautdietsch: Borschtel

Old Dutch: *burstila; *burstil m

Middle Dutch: burstele, borstele, burstel, borstel

Dutch: borstel


þrusmijan

þrusmijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
þrusmijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
þrusmijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
þrusmijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
þrusmiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
þrusmidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
þrusmisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
þrusmidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
þrusmidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
þrusmiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
þrusmidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
þrusmidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
þrusmijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
þrusmidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
þrusmiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
þrusmidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
þrusmijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
þrusmidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
þrusmijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
þrusmidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
þrusmijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
þrusmidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
þrusmijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
þrusmidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
þrusmijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
þrusmidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
þrusmijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
þrusmidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
þrusmijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
þrusmidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
þrusmi (class-1 present singular weak)
þrusmiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
þrusmijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
þrusmid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: þrysman

Old Frisian: thresma

Old Saxon: *þrusmian

Middle Low German: drüsmen, drüsemen, drüssemen

Likely from *þrosm (“smoke, vapour”) + *-jan.


tannjan

tannjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
tannjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
tannjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
tannjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
tannju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
tanidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
tanisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
tanidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tanidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
taniþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
tanidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tanidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tannjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
tanidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
taniþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
tanidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
tannjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
tanidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
tannjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
tanidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
tannjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
tanidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tannjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
tanidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tannjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
tanidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
tannjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
tanidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
tannjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
tanidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
tani (class-1 present singular weak)
taniþ (class-1 plural present weak)
tannjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
tanid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: tennan

Old Dutch: *tennen

Middle Dutch: tenen, tennen

Old High German: zenen, zennen

Middle High German: zenen, zennen

Switzerland German: zännen

→? Old French: tanner (to hurt, to torment)


tuhtijan

tuhtijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
tuhtijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
tuhtijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
tuhtijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
tuhtiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
tuhtidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
tuhtisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
tuhtidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tuhtidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tuhtiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
tuhtidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tuhtidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tuhtijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
tuhtidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
tuhtiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
tuhtidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
tuhtijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
tuhtidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
tuhtijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
tuhtidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
tuhtijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
tuhtidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tuhtijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
tuhtidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tuhtijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
tuhtidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
tuhtijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
tuhtidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
tuhtijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
tuhtidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
tuhti (class-1 present singular weak)
tuhtiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
tuhtijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
tuhtid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: tyhtan, tihtan, tyctan
Middle English: tiȝten, tuchten, tighten
English: tight
Scots: ticht

Old Saxon: *tuhtian

Middle Low German: tuchten

German Low German: tüchten

gl

alternatively from Proto-West Germanic <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmw-pro">*tuhtōn</i>

→ Saterland Frisian: tuchtje (alternatively from Proto-West Germanic *tuhtōn)

→ Old Norse: tykta, typta

Swedish: tukta

Old Dutch: *tuhten

Middle Dutch: tuchten

Dutch: tuchten

Old High German: zuhten

Middle High German: züchten

German: züchten

From *tuhti (“a pulling, drawing, discipline”) + *-jan.


tuhtōn

tuhtōn (infinitive)
tuhtōnijas (genitive infinitive)
tuhtōnijē (dative infinitive)
tuhtōniju (infinitive instrumental)
tuhtō (first-person present singular)
tuhtōdā (first-person past singular)
tuhtōs (present second-person singular)
tuhtōdēs (past second-person singular)
tuhtōdōs (past second-person singular)
tuhtōþ (present singular third-person)
tuhtōdē (past singular third-person)
tuhtōdā (past singular third-person)
tuhtōm (first-person plural present)
tuhtōdum (first-person past plural)
tuhtōþ (plural present second-person)
tuhtōdud (past plural second-person)
tuhtōnþ (plural present third-person)
tuhtōdun (past plural third-person)
tuhtōdī (first-person past singular)
tuhtōdī (past second-person singular)
tuhtō (present singular third-person)
tuhtōdī (past singular third-person)
tuhtōdīm (first-person past plural)
tuhtōdīd (past plural second-person)
tuhtōn (plural present third-person)
tuhtōdīn (past plural third-person)
tuhtō (present singular)
tuhtōþ (plural present)
tuhtōndī (participle present)
tuhtōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *tuchtia

gl

alternatively borrowed from Middle Low German <i class="Latn mention" lang="gml">tuchten</i>

Saterland Frisian: tuchtje (alternatively borrowed from Middle Low German tuchten)

Old Saxon: *tuhtōn

Middle Low German: tuchten

Old Dutch: *tuhton

Middle Dutch: tochten

Dutch: tochten

Old High German: zuhtōn

Middle High German: zuchten

German: zuchten

From *tuhti (“a pulling, discipline”) + *-ōn.


twangijan

twangijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
twangijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
twangijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
twangijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
twangiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
twangidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
twangisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
twangidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
twangidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
twangiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
twangidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
twangidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
twangijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
twangidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
twangiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
twangidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
twangijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
twangidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
twangijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
twangidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
twangijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
twangidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
twangijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
twangidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
twangijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
twangidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
twangijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
twangidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
twangijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
twangidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
twangi (class-1 present singular weak)
twangiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
twangijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
twangid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: twenġan

Middle English: twengen

English: twinge

Old Saxon: twengian

Old Dutch: *twengen

Middle Dutch: twengen

Old High German: zwengen


twingan

twingan (infinitive)
twingannjas (genitive infinitive)
twingannjē (dative infinitive)
twingannju (infinitive instrumental)
twingu (first-person present singular)
twang (first-person past singular)
twingiʀi (present second-person singular)
twungī (past second-person singular)
twingidi (present singular third-person)
twang (past singular third-person)
twingum (first-person plural present)
twungum (first-person past plural)
twingid (plural present second-person)
twungud (past plural second-person)
twingand (plural present third-person)
twungun (past plural third-person)
twingē (first-person present singular)
twungī (first-person past singular)
twingēs (present second-person singular)
twingē (present singular third-person)
twungī (past singular third-person)
twingēm (first-person plural present)
twungīm (first-person past plural)
twingēþ (plural present second-person)
twungīd (past plural second-person)
twingēn (plural present third-person)
twungīn (past plural third-person)
twing (present singular)
twingid (plural present)
twingandī (participle present)
twungan (participle past)

Old English: twingan

Middle English: twingen

>? Old Dutch: *twingan

q

>? Middle Dutch: twingen (might reflect the causative twengen instead)

Old High German: *zwingan

Middle High German: zwingen

German: zwingen (likely conflated with the descendant of *þwinhaną)


narwijan

narwijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
narwijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
narwijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
narwijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
narwiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
narwidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
narwisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
narwidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
narwidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
narwiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
narwidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
narwidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
narwijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
narwidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
narwiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
narwidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
narwijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
narwidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
narwijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
narwidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
narwijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
narwidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
narwijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
narwidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
narwijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
narwidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
narwijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
narwidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
narwijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
narwidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
narwi (class-1 present singular weak)
narwiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
narwijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
narwid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: nierwan

Old Frisian: nara, nera

Old Dutch: *nerwen

Middle Dutch: nerwen

Old High German: *nerwen, *nerewen

Middle High German: nerwen, nerewen


wiþrīg

wiþrīg (masculine nominative singular)
wiþrīgu (feminine nominative singular)
wiþrīg (neuter nominative singular)
wiþrīganā (accusative masculine singular)
wiþrīgā (accusative feminine singular)
wiþrīg (accusative neuter singular)
wiþrīgas (genitive masculine singular)
wiþrīgeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
wiþrīgas (genitive neuter singular)
wiþrīgumē (dative masculine singular)
wiþrīgeʀē (dative feminine singular)
wiþrīgumē (dative neuter singular)
wiþrīgu (instrumental masculine singular)
wiþrīgeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
wiþrīgu (instrumental neuter singular)
wiþrīgē (masculine nominative plural)
wiþrīgō (feminine nominative plural)
wiþrīgu (neuter nominative plural)
wiþrīgā (accusative masculine plural)
wiþrīgā (accusative feminine plural)
wiþrīgu (accusative neuter plural)
wiþrīgeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
wiþrīgeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
wiþrīgeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
wiþrīgēm (dative masculine plural)
wiþrīgum (dative masculine plural)
wiþrīgēm (dative feminine plural)
wiþrīgum (dative feminine plural)
wiþrīgēm (dative neuter plural)
wiþrīgum (dative neuter plural)
wiþrīgēm (instrumental masculine plural)
wiþrīgum (instrumental masculine plural)
wiþrīgēm (feminine instrumental plural)
wiþrīgum (feminine instrumental plural)
wiþrīgēm (instrumental neuter plural)
wiþrīgum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Saxon: *witherig

Middle Low German: wedderich

German Low German: wedderg

Old Dutch: *witherig

Middle Dutch: wederich

Dutch: wederig

Old High German: *widarīg

Middle High German: wideric

German: widrig
→ Swedish: vidrig

From *wiþrī (“obstacle”) (whence Old High German widarī) + *-g, from *wiþr (“toward, against”) + *-ī.


-haidu

-haidu (nominative singular)
-haidiwi (nominative plural)
-haidō (nominative plural)
-haidu (accusative singular)
-haidū (accusative plural)
-haidō (genitive singular)
-haidiwō (genitive plural)
-haidiwi (dative singular)
-haidō (dative singular)
-haidum (dative plural)
-haidu (instrumental singular)
-haidum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: -hād (m.a-stem)
Middle English: -had, -hod, -hed, -hede
English: -hood; -head
Scots: -heid

Old Frisian: -hēd (f.i-stem)

Saterland Frisian: -haid, -gaid

West Frisian: -heid

Old Saxon: -hēd, -heid (f.i-stem; mf.u-stem)
Middle Low German: -heit
Low German: -heit
German Low German: -heet, -het
East Frisian: -heid
Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommerisch, Paderbornisch: -heit
→ Danish: -hed
→ Icelandic: -heit
→ Faroese: -heit
→ Norwegian Bokmål: -het
→ Swedish: -het

Old Dutch: *-hēd, *-heid (f.i-stem)

Middle Dutch: -heit

Dutch: -heid
Afrikaans: -heid

Old High German: -heit (f.i-stem)

Middle High German: -heit

Alemannic German: -heit, -keit

German: -heit, -keit

Yiddish: ־הייט (-heyt), ־קייט (-keyt)

-hood. Forms nouns denoting the condition or quality from nouns and adjectives.


wiþrīgahaidu

wiþrīgahaidu (nominative singular)
wiþrīgahaidiwi (nominative plural)
wiþrīgahaidō (nominative plural)
wiþrīgahaidu (accusative singular)
wiþrīgahaidū (accusative plural)
wiþrīgahaidō (genitive singular)
wiþrīgahaidiwō (genitive plural)
wiþrīgahaidiwi (dative singular)
wiþrīgahaidō (dative singular)
wiþrīgahaidum (dative plural)
wiþrīgahaidu (instrumental singular)
wiþrīgahaidum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *witherighēd

desc

Middle Low German: wedderichhêt, weddericheit, weddercheit

Old Dutch: *witherighēd, *witherigheid

Middle Dutch: *wedericheit

Dutch: wederigheid

Old High German: *widarīgheit

Middle High German: widericheit

German: Widrigkeit

From *wiþrīg (“adverse”) + *-haidu (“-hood”).


wiþra-

desctree

Old English: wiþer-, wider-
Middle English: wither-
English: wither- (dialectal)
Scots: weather-, wother-, widder-

Old Frisian: wither-

Saterland Frisian: wier-

West Frisian: wjer-, wer-

Old Saxon: withar-

Middle Low German: wedder-

German Low German: weer-

Old Dutch: wither-

Middle Dutch: weder-

Dutch: weer-, weder-

Old High German: widar-

Middle High German: wider-

German: wider-, wieder-


seluk

seluk (nominative singular)
selukō (nominative plural)
selukōs (nominative plural)
seluk (accusative singular)
selukā (accusative plural)
selukas (genitive singular)
selukō (genitive plural)
selukē (dative singular)
selukum (dative plural)
seluku (instrumental singular)
selukum (instrumental plural)

Old English: seolc, seoluc, seoloc, sioluc
Middle English: selk, silk
English: silk
Scots: selk, silke, silk

Old High German: serih

⇒ Old High German: serihīg, serihhīg

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin sericus (“silk”), from Late Latin sēricus, along side *silikō (“silk”).


burdijan

burdijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
burdijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
burdijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
burdijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
burdiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
burdidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
burdisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
burdidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
burdidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
burdiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
burdidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
burdidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
burdijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
burdidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
burdiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
burdidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
burdijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
burdidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
burdijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
burdidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
burdijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
burdidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
burdijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
burdidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
burdijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
burdidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
burdijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
burdidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
burdijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
burdidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
burdi (class-1 present singular weak)
burdiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
burdijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
burdid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: byrdan
>? Middle English: brouden

Old Saxon: burdian

Old High German: burten

From Proto-Germanic *burdijaną, equivalent to *bordō (“edge, border, rim”) + *-jan. Cognate with Old Norse byrða (“to embroider, weave”).


helmōn

helmōn (infinitive)
helmōnijas (genitive infinitive)
helmōnijē (dative infinitive)
helmōniju (infinitive instrumental)
helmō (first-person present singular)
helmōdā (first-person past singular)
helmōs (present second-person singular)
helmōdēs (past second-person singular)
helmōdōs (past second-person singular)
helmōþ (present singular third-person)
helmōdē (past singular third-person)
helmōdā (past singular third-person)
helmōm (first-person plural present)
helmōdum (first-person past plural)
helmōþ (plural present second-person)
helmōdud (past plural second-person)
helmōnþ (plural present third-person)
helmōdun (past plural third-person)
helmōdī (first-person past singular)
helmōdī (past second-person singular)
helmō (present singular third-person)
helmōdī (past singular third-person)
helmōdīm (first-person past plural)
helmōdīd (past plural second-person)
helmōn (plural present third-person)
helmōdīn (past plural third-person)
helmō (present singular)
helmōþ (plural present)
helmōndī (participle present)
helmōd (participle past)

Old English: helmian

Middle English: helmen

Old Saxon: *helmon

Middle Low German: helmen

q

Old High German: *helmōn (attested in the past participle gihelmōt)

Middle High German: helmen

German: helmen


hilmijan

hilmijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hilmijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hilmijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hilmijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hilmiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hilmidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hilmisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hilmidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hilmidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hilmiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hilmidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hilmidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hilmijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hilmidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hilmiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hilmidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hilmijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hilmidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hilmijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hilmidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hilmijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hilmidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hilmijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hilmidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hilmijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hilmidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hilmijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hilmidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hilmijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hilmidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hilmi (class-1 present singular weak)
hilmiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hilmijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hilmid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hilman, hylman

Old High German: *hilmen (attested in the past participle gihilmit)


dōkijan

dōkijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
dōkijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
dōkijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
dōkijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
dōkiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
dōkidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
dōkisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
dōkidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
dōkidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
dōkiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
dōkidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
dōkidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
dōkijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
dōkidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
dōkiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
dōkidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
dōkijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
dōkidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
dōkijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
dōkidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
dōkijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
dōkidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
dōkijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
dōkidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
dōkijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
dōkidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
dōkijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
dōkidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
dōkijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
dōkidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
dōki (class-1 present singular weak)
dōkiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
dōkijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
dōkid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: dēċan
Middle English: dechen, deche
English: deech, ditch

Old Saxon: *dōkian

Middle Low German: dôken, dö̂ken

Low German: dööken

Old Dutch: *duoken

Middle Dutch: doeken

Dutch: doeken

Old High German: tuohhen, tuochen

Middle High German: tuochen, tüechen

Alemannic German: tueche

German: tuchen (dialectal)