drauʀijan

drauʀijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
drauʀijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
drauʀijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
drauʀijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
drauʀiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
drauʀidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
drauʀisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
drauʀidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
drauʀidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
drauʀiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
drauʀidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
drauʀidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
drauʀijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
drauʀidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
drauʀiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
drauʀidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
drauʀijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
drauʀidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
drauʀijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
drauʀidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
drauʀijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
drauʀidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
drauʀijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
drauʀidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
drauʀijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
drauʀidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
drauʀijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
drauʀidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
drauʀijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
drauʀidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
drauʀi (class-1 present singular weak)
drauʀiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
drauʀijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
drauʀid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old High German: trōren


duttijan

duttijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
duttijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
duttijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
duttijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
duttiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
duttidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
duttisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
duttidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
duttidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
duttiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
duttidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
duttidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
duttijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
duttidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
duttiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
duttidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
duttijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
duttidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
duttijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
duttidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
duttijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
duttidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
duttijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
duttidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
duttijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
duttidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
duttijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
duttidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
duttijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
duttidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
dutti (class-1 present singular weak)
duttiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
duttijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
duttid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: dyttan

Middle English: ditten

English: dit

From Proto-Germanic *duttijaną. Equivalent to *dutt (“wisp, bundle, clod”) + *-jan.


faþmijan

faþmijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
faþmijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
faþmijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
faþmijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
faþmiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
faþmidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
faþmisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
faþmidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
faþmidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
faþmiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
faþmidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
faþmidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
faþmijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
faþmidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
faþmiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
faþmidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
faþmijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
faþmidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
faþmijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
faþmidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
faþmijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
faþmidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
faþmijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
faþmidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
faþmijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
faþmidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
faþmijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
faþmidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
faþmijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
faþmidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
faþmi (class-1 present singular weak)
faþmiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
faþmijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
faþmid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Saxon: *fethmian

Middle Low German: vedemen

Old Dutch: *fethmen

Middle Dutch: vedemen

Old High German: *fadimen

⇒ Old High German: gifadimen

From Proto-Germanic *faþmijaną. Equivalent to *faþm (“fathom, outstretched arms”) + *-jan.

affix

to fathom, to measure with outstretched arms


fārijan

fārijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
fārijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
fārijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
fārijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
fāriju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fāridā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fārisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fāridēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fāridōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fāriþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fāridē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fāridā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fārijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fāridum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fāriþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fāridud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fārijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fāridun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fārijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fāridī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fārijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fāridī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fārijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fāridī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fārijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fāridīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fārijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fāridīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fārijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fāridīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fāri (class-1 present singular weak)
fāriþ (class-1 plural present weak)
fārijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
fārid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: fǣran

Middle English: feren

English: fear

desc

⇒ Old English: fored, forod (“broken, fractured, weakened, crippled, void”) (< *fārōn)

Old Dutch: *fāren

Middle Dutch: vâren

⇒ Middle Dutch: vervâren

Dutch: vervaren

From Proto-Germanic *fērijaną. Equivalent to *fāru (“danger”) + *-jan.


flattjan

flattjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
flattjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
flattjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
flattjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
flattju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
flattā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
flatisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
flattēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flattōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flatiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
flattē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flattā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flattjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
flattum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
flatiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
flattud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
flattjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
flattun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
flattjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
flattī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
flattjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
flattī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flattjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
flattī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flattjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
flattīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
flattjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
flattīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
flattjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
flattīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
flati (class-1 present singular weak)
flatiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
flattjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
flatt (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

→ Old French: flatir
⇒ Old French: flastrir
Middle French: flestrir
French: flétrir
→ Middle English: flatten
English: flat

From Proto-Germanic *flatjaną. Equivalent to *flat (“flat”) + *-jan. Doublet of *plattjan.


flautijan

flautijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
flautijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
flautijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
flautijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
flautiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
flautidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
flautisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
flautidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flautidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flautiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
flautidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flautidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flautijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
flautidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
flautiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
flautidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
flautijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
flautidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
flautijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
flautidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
flautijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
flautidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flautijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
flautidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flautijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
flautidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
flautijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
flautidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
flautijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
flautidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
flauti (class-1 present singular weak)
flautiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
flautijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
flautid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Saxon: *flōtian

Middle Low German: flö̂ten

Old Dutch: *flōten

Middle Dutch: vlôten

Dutch: vloten

Old High German: flōzen

Middle High German: flözen

German: flößen


flōdijan

flōdijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
flōdijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
flōdijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
flōdijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
flōdiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
flōdidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
flōdisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
flōdidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flōdidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flōdiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
flōdidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flōdidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flōdijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
flōdidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
flōdiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
flōdidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
flōdijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
flōdidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
flōdijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
flōdidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
flōdijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
flōdidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flōdijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
flōdidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flōdijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
flōdidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
flōdijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
flōdidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
flōdijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
flōdidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
flōdi (class-1 present singular weak)
flōdiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
flōdijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
flōdid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *flēdan

Middle English: fleden

Northern Scots: fleed

Old Saxon: *flōdian

Middle Low German: vlôden, vlö̂den

German Low German: floden

Old Dutch: *fluoden

Middle Dutch: vloeden

Dutch: vloeden (nonstandard)

Old High German: *fluoten

desc

Middle High German: fluoten, vluoten, vlüeten

German: fluten

From Proto-Germanic *flōdijaną. Equivalent to *flōdu (“flood”) + *-jan.


worʀahanō

worʀahanō (nominative singular)
worʀahanan (nominative plural)
worʀahanan (accusative singular)
worʀahanan (accusative plural)
worʀahanini (genitive singular)
worʀahanan (genitive singular)
worʀahananō (genitive plural)
worʀahanini (dative singular)
worʀahanan (dative singular)
worʀahanum (dative plural)
worʀahanini (instrumental singular)
worʀahanan (instrumental singular)
worʀahanum (instrumental plural)
*worʀahōn (alternative)
*worʀahannijā (alternative)

Old English: worhana m, uuorhana, worhona, morhana, worhen f

Old Dutch: worhenna f (< *worʀahannijā)

Middle Dutch: woerhâne

Dutch: woerhaan

Old High German: orrehuon, orrehan, orhan n (< *worʀahōn)

Middle High German: orhan

From *worʀō ~ *ūrzini, from Proto-Germanic *wurzô ~ *ūrziniz (“grouse”), + *hanō (“cock, rooster”).


hannju

hannju (nominative singular)
hannjō (nominative plural)
hannjā (accusative singular)
hannjā (accusative plural)
hannjā (genitive singular)
hannjō (genitive plural)
hannjē (dative singular)
hannjōm (dative plural)
hannjum (dative plural)
hannju (instrumental singular)
hannjōm (instrumental plural)
hannjum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: henn, hænn
Middle English: hen, henne, hene, han, en, heene
English: hen
Scots: hen
Yola: hen, hin

Old Frisian: henn

Saterland Frisian: Hanne

West Frisian: hin

Old Saxon: *hennia, *hennea

Middle Low German: henne, hinne

German Low German: Heen

Old Dutch: *henna

Middle Dutch: henne
Dutch: hen
Afrikaans: hen
Jersey Dutch: hän
Limburgish: hèn

Old High German: henna
Middle High German: henne
Cimbrian: hénna, henn (Luserna)
German: Henne


ūrʀahōn

ūrʀahōn (nominative singular)
ūrʀahōnu (nominative plural)
ūrʀahōn (accusative singular)
ūrʀahōnu (accusative plural)
ūrʀahōnas (genitive singular)
ūrʀahōnō (genitive plural)
ūrʀahōnē (dative singular)
ūrʀahōnum (dative plural)
ūrʀahōnu (instrumental singular)
ūrʀahōnum (instrumental plural)
*ūrʀahannijā (alternative)

Old Saxon: *ūrhōn n, *ūrhania f (< *ūrʀahannijā)

Middle Low German: ûrhôn n, ûrhane f

German Low German: Urhane f

Old High German: ūrhuon n

Middle High German: ûrhan

German: Auerhuhn
→ Dutch: auerhoen

From *worʀō ~ *ūrzini, from Proto-Germanic *wurzô ~ *ūrziniz (“grouse”), + *hōn (“hen, chicken”).


klott

klott (nominative singular)
klottō (nominative plural)
klottōs (nominative plural)
klott (accusative singular)
klottā (accusative plural)
klottas (genitive singular)
klottō (genitive plural)
klottē (dative singular)
klottum (dative plural)
klottu (instrumental singular)
klottum (instrumental plural)

Old English: clot, clott; *clod (in clod-hamer)

Middle English: clot, clotte; clod

English: clot; clod

Scots: clod

Old Saxon: *klott, *klot

Middle Low German: klot

>? German Low German: Klatt

Old High German: kloz, chloz

Middle High German: kloz, klotz

Alemannic German: Chlotz, Glotz

German: Klotz

→ Polish: kloc

→ Lithuanian: klucus

Luxembourgish: Klatz

Yiddish: קלאָץ (klots)

→ English: klutz

→ Middle Low German: klotz

Plautdietsch: Klotz

From presumed Proto-Germanic *kluttaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to ball up; amass; clench”). Compare Lithuanian gludùs (“smooth, soft”); within West Germanic, compare *klūt (from Proto-Germanic *klūtaz) as well as *klaut (from *klautaz).


fōlijan

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

fōlijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
fōlijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
fōlijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
fōlijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
fōliju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fōlidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fōlisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fōlidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fōlidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fōliþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fōlidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fōlidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fōlijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fōlidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fōliþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fōlidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fōlijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fōlidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fōlijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fōlidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fōlijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fōlidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fōlijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fōlidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fōlijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fōlidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fōlijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fōlidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fōlijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fōlidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fōli (class-1 present singular weak)
fōliþ (class-1 plural present weak)
fōlijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
fōlid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: fēlan, fœ̄lan
Middle English: felen
English: feel
Scots: fele

Old Frisian: fēla

North Frisian: feel

Saterland Frisian: fäile

West Frisian: fiele

Old Saxon: *fōlian
Middle Low German: vôlen, völen
German Low German: föhlen
→ Norwegian: føle
→ Danish: føle

Old Dutch: *fuolen

Middle Dutch: voelen
Dutch: voelen
Afrikaans: voel
Berbice Creole Dutch: fulu
Negerhollands: voel, ful
Limburgish: vuuele, veule

Old High German: fuolen, fuoljan, fuolōn
Middle High German: vüelen
Central Franconian: föhle, vöhle, fehle, fiehle
Bavarian: fuin, fühn
Cimbrian: füulan
German: fühlen
Luxembourgish: fillen

Unknown; presumably related to Old Norse falma (“to grope, feel; to be astonished”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *fōlijaną, secondary causative of strong verb *falaną, perhaps from either Proto-Indo-European *pólh₁-e ~ *pl̥h₁-ḗr or *ph₁l-é-ti, from *pelh₁- (“to stroke”). Possibly cognate with Latin palpō (“to stroke, soothe”), Ancient Greek πάλλω (pállō, “to sway, swing”), ψηλᾰφᾰ́ω (psēlăphắō, “to feel, grope for”).


fratwijan

fratwijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
fratwijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
fratwijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
fratwijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
fratwiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fratwidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fratwisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fratwidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fratwidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fratwiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fratwidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fratwidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fratwijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fratwidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fratwiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fratwidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fratwijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fratwidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fratwijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fratwidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fratwijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fratwidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fratwijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fratwidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fratwijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fratwidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fratwijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fratwidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fratwijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fratwidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fratwi (class-1 present singular weak)
fratwiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
fratwijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
fratwid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: frætwan

From Proto-Germanic *fratwijaną. Equivalent to *fratwu (“ornament, decoration”) + *-jan.


frīdijan

frīdijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
frīdijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
frīdijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
frīdijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
frīdiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
frīdidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
frīdisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
frīdidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
frīdidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
frīdiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
frīdidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
frīdidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
frīdijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
frīdidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
frīdiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
frīdidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
frīdijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
frīdidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
frīdijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
frīdidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
frīdijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
frīdidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
frīdijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
frīdidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
frīdijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
frīdidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
frīdijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
frīdidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
frīdijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
frīdidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
frīdi (class-1 present singular weak)
frīdiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
frīdijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
frīdid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old High German: frīten


frōdijan

frōdijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
frōdijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
frōdijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
frōdijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
frōdiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
frōdidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
frōdisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
frōdidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
frōdidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
frōdiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
frōdidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
frōdidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
frōdijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
frōdidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
frōdiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
frōdidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
frōdijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
frōdidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
frōdijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
frōdidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
frōdijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
frōdidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
frōdijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
frōdidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
frōdijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
frōdidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
frōdijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
frōdidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
frōdijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
frōdidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
frōdi (class-1 present singular weak)
frōdiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
frōdijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
frōdid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: frēdan
Middle English: freden, frede

Old Dutch: *fruoden

Middle Dutch: vroeden; (bevroeden)

Dutch: vroeden; (bevroeden)

Old High German: fruotēn

Middle High German: vrüeten


fulgijan

fulgijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
fulgijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
fulgijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
fulgijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
fulgiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fulgidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fulgisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fulgidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fulgidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fulgiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fulgidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fulgidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fulgijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fulgidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fulgiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fulgidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fulgijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fulgidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fulgijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fulgidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fulgijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fulgidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fulgijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fulgidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fulgijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fulgidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fulgijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fulgidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fulgijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fulgidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fulgi (class-1 present singular weak)
fulgiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
fulgijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
fulgid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: fylgan, fylġian, fylġean, fylian, fyliġean, filian, feliġean, fyliġan
Middle English: filȝen, filiȝen, filghen, filighen, fileghen, fulwen, fulien, filowen, felowen


gaigijan

gaigijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
gaigijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
gaigijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
gaigijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
gaigiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gaigidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gaigisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gaigidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gaigidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gaigiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gaigidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gaigidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gaigijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gaigidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gaigiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gaigidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gaigijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gaigidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gaigijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gaigidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gaigijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gaigidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gaigijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gaigidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gaigijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gaigidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gaigijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gaigidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gaigijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gaigidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gaigi (class-1 present singular weak)
gaigiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
gaigijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
gaigid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *gǣġan

Middle English: *geyen

gl

>? English: geg, gaig, gay (possibly from or merged with Old Norse geiga)

⇒ Old English: forgǣġan

⇒ Old English: ofergǣġan

Old Frisian: gēia

Old High German: *geigen

Middle High German: *geigen

gl

German: geigen (“to move around, move back and forth”) (dialectal; possibly from *gīgāną instead)

to take a wrong direction, to transgress


garaidijan

garaidijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
garaidijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
garaidijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
garaidijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
garaidiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
garaididā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
garaidisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
garaididēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
garaididōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
garaidiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
garaididē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
garaididā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
garaidijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
garaididum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
garaidiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
garaididud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
garaidijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
garaididun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
garaidijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
garaididī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
garaidijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
garaididī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
garaidijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
garaididī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
garaidijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
garaididīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
garaidijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
garaididīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
garaidijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
garaididīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
garaidi (class-1 present singular weak)
garaidiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
garaidijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
garaidid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ġerǣdan

desc

Middle English: geræden, gereden, ȝeræden, ireden

English: ready (partly backformed from the adjective)

Old Saxon: *girēdian

Middle Low German: gerêden

Old Dutch: *gireiden, *girēden

Middle Dutch: gereiden, gerêden

Dutch: gereden, gereiden (obsolete or dialectal)

Old High German: *gireiten (suggested by derivatives: gireitungī, gireitnissī, etc.)

Middle High German: gereiten

From Proto-Germanic *garaidijaną. Equivalent to *garaid (“arranged, prepared”) + *-jan.


giftijan

giftijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
giftijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
giftijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
giftijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
giftiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
giftidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
giftisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
giftidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
giftidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
giftiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
giftidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
giftidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
giftijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
giftidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
giftiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
giftidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
giftijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
giftidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
giftijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
giftidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
giftijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
giftidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
giftijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
giftidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
giftijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
giftidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
giftijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
giftidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
giftijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
giftidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gifti (class-1 present singular weak)
giftiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
giftijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
giftid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: giftan

Middle English: giften

English: gift

Old Saxon: giftian

Middle Low German: giften

Old Dutch: *giften

Middle Dutch: giften

Dutch: giften

Old High German: giften

Middle High German: giften

From Proto-Germanic *giftijaną. Equivalent to *gifti (“gift”) + *-jan.

(transitive, +accusative) to gift, give (something)


grammjan

grammjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
grammjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
grammjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
grammjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
grammju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gramidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gramisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gramidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gramidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gramiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gramidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gramidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
grammjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gramidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gramiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gramidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
grammjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gramidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
grammjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gramidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
grammjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gramidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
grammjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gramidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
grammjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gramidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
grammjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gramidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
grammjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gramidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
grami (class-1 present singular weak)
gramiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
grammjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
gramid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: gremian, gremman

Middle English: gremen

Old Frisian: *gremia, *gremma

Saterland Frisian: grääme

Old Saxon: *gremian, *gremmian

Middle Low German: grēmen, gremmen

Old Dutch: *gremen, *gremmen

Middle Dutch: grēmen, gremmen

Old High German: gremen, gremmen

Middle High German: gremen

German: grämen

From Proto-Germanic *gramjaną. Equivalent to *gram (“furious”) + *-jan.


graupijan

graupijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
graupijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
graupijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
graupijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
graupiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
graupidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
graupisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
graupidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
graupidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
graupiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
graupidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
graupidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
graupijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
graupidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
graupiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
graupidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
graupijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
graupidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
graupijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
graupidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
graupijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
graupidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
graupijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
graupidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
graupijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
graupidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
graupijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
graupidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
graupijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
graupidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
graupi (class-1 present singular weak)
graupiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
graupijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
graupid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Saxon: *grōpian

Middle Low German: grȫpen, grōpen


grōnijan

grōnijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
grōnijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
grōnijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
grōnijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
grōniju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
grōnidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
grōnisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
grōnidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
grōnidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
grōniþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
grōnidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
grōnidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
grōnijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
grōnidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
grōniþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
grōnidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
grōnijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
grōnidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
grōnijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
grōnidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
grōnijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
grōnidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
grōnijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
grōnidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
grōnijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
grōnidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
grōnijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
grōnidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
grōnijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
grōnidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
grōni (class-1 present singular weak)
grōniþ (class-1 plural present weak)
grōnijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
grōnid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Saxon: *grōnian

Middle Low German: grönen

German Low German: grönen

Old Dutch: gruonen

Middle Dutch: groenen

Dutch: groenen

Old High German: gruonen

Middle High German: grüenen

German: grünen

From Proto-Germanic *grōnijaną. Equivalent to *grōnī (“green”) + *-jan.


gulþijan

gulþijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
gulþijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
gulþijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
gulþijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
gulþiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gulþidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gulþisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gulþidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gulþidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gulþiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gulþidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gulþidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gulþijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gulþidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gulþiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gulþidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gulþijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gulþidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gulþijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gulþidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gulþijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gulþidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gulþijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gulþidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gulþijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gulþidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gulþijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gulþidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gulþijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gulþidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gulþi (class-1 present singular weak)
gulþiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
gulþijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
gulþid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *gyldan

Middle English: gulden, gilden

English: gild

⇒ Old English: begyldan, ofergyldan

Old Dutch: *gulden

⇒ Middle Dutch: vergulden, vergolden, vergouden

Dutch: vergulden

Old High German: *gulden

⇒ Old High German: ubargulden

From Proto-Germanic *gulþijaną. Equivalent to *golþ (“gold”) + *-jan.


gurdijan

gurdijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
gurdijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
gurdijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
gurdijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
gurdiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gurdidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gurdisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gurdidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gurdidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gurdiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gurdidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gurdidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gurdijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gurdidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gurdiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gurdidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gurdijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gurdidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gurdijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gurdidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gurdijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gurdidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gurdijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gurdidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gurdijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gurdidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gurdijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gurdidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gurdijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gurdidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gurdi (class-1 present singular weak)
gurdiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
gurdijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
gurdid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: gyrdan, girdan
Middle English: gurden, gyrden, girden
English: gird
Scots: gyrd, gird

Old Frisian: *gerda, *gurdia

West Frisian: gurdzja

Old Saxon: gurdian, gurdan

Middle Low German: gorden

Low German: gorren

Old Dutch: gurden
Middle Dutch: gorden
Dutch: gorden
Afrikaans: gord

Old High German: gurten

Middle High German: gurten, gürten

German: gürten


olbandu

olbandu (nominative singular)
olbandiwi (nominative plural)
olbandō (nominative plural)
olbandu (accusative singular)
olbandū (accusative plural)
olbandō (genitive singular)
olbandiwō (genitive plural)
olbandiwi (dative singular)
olbandō (dative singular)
olbandum (dative plural)
olbandu (instrumental singular)
olbandum (instrumental plural)

Old English: olfend m or n, olfenda m, olbend n — early
Middle English: olfent, olfend, olvont, olvende, olvente

Old Saxon: olbundeo

desc

Middle Low German: olvant, olvent, olvat, olvet, olivant, olevant, olyfant, alvent

Old Dutch: *olvant

⇒ Middle Dutch: olfendier (“camel”)

desctree

Old High German: olbenta, olbenda, olpenta, olvenda, olvinda, ulvinda f, olbendo, olbento m
Middle High German: olbende

From Proto-Germanic *ulbanduz. Doublet of *elpand (“elephant”).


haftijan

haftijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
haftijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
haftijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
haftijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
haftiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
haftidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
haftisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
haftidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haftidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haftiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
haftidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haftidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haftijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
haftidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
haftiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
haftidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
haftijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
haftidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
haftijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
haftidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
haftijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
haftidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haftijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
haftidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haftijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
haftidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
haftijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
haftidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
haftijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
haftidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hafti (class-1 present singular weak)
haftiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
haftijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
haftid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hæftan

Old Frisian: hefta

Old Saxon: heftian

Old Dutch: *heften

Middle Dutch: hechten

Dutch: hechten

Afrikaans: heg

Old High German: heften

Middle High German: heften

German: heften

Luxembourgish: heften

From Proto-Germanic *haftijaną. Equivalent to *haft (“captive, bound”) + *-jan.


haimijan

haimijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
haimijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
haimijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
haimijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
haimiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
haimidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
haimisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
haimidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haimidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haimiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
haimidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haimidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haimijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
haimidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
haimiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
haimidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
haimijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
haimidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
haimijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
haimidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
haimijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
haimidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haimijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
haimidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haimijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
haimidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
haimijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
haimidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
haimijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
haimidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
haimi (class-1 present singular weak)
haimiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
haimijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
haimid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hǣman

Old High German: *haimen

Middle High German: heimen

From Proto-Germanic *haimijaną. Equivalent to *haim (“home”) + *-jan.


hammjan

hammjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hammjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hammjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hammjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hammju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hamidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hamisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hamidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hamidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hamiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hamidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hamidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hammjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hamidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hamiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hamidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hammjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hamidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hammjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hamidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hammjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hamidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hammjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hamidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hammjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hamidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hammjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hamidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hammjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hamidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hami (class-1 present singular weak)
hamiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hammjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hamid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *hemman

Middle English: hemmen (alternatively derived from the noun)

English: hem

Scots: hem

Old Frisian: hemma

Old Saxon: *hemmian

Middle Low German: hemmen

German Low German: hemmen

Old Dutch: *hemmen (attested as chamian)

Old High German: *hemmen (in gihemmen)

Middle High German: hemmen

German: hemmen

→ Polish: hamować (borrowing from Middle High German hamen < Old High German *hamōn, a related word)

to obstruct, restrict, restrain, hinder, hamper


willjō

willjō (nominative singular)
willjan (nominative plural)
willjan (accusative singular)
willjan (accusative plural)
willjini (genitive singular)
willjan (genitive singular)
willjanō (genitive plural)
willjini (dative singular)
willjan (dative singular)
willjum (dative plural)
willjini (instrumental singular)
willjan (instrumental singular)
willjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: willa
Middle English: wille
English: will
Scots: wil, will

Old Frisian: willa, wella
North Frisian:
Föhr-Amrum, Sylt: wel
Mooring: wale
Saterland Frisian: wolle
West Frisian: wolle

Old Saxon: willio
Middle Low German: wille
German Low German: Wille, Will

Old Dutch: willo

Middle Dutch: wille
Dutch: wil
Afrikaans: wil
Negerhollands: wil, wille
Limburgish: wil

Old High German: willo, willio
Middle Low German: wille
Cimbrian: bill
German: Wille
Luxembourgish: Wëllen


brūdigumō

brūdigumō (nominative singular)
brūdiguman (nominative plural)
brūdiguman (accusative singular)
brūdiguman (accusative plural)
brūdigumini (genitive singular)
brūdiguman (genitive singular)
brūdigumanō (genitive plural)
brūdigumini (dative singular)
brūdiguman (dative singular)
brūdigumum (dative plural)
brūdigumini (instrumental singular)
brūdiguman (instrumental singular)
brūdigumum (instrumental plural)

Old English: brydguma
Middle English: bridegome, bredgome, bridegoome, bridgom, bridgume, brudgume, brydegome, bryd-gome, brydgrome
English: bridegroom
Scots: bridegreem
Yola: breedegroom

Old Frisian: brēdgoma, breidgoma
Saterland Frisian: Brüüdicham
West Frisian: breugeman

Old Saxon: brūdigumo, brūdigomo
Middle Low German: brûdegam, brȫdegam
German Low German: Brödigam, Brögam, Brüdigam, Brügam
Plautdietsch: Briegaum

Old Dutch: brūdigomo
Middle Dutch: brudegōme
Dutch: bruidegom

Old High German: brūtigomo
Middle High German: brûtegoum, briutegome
German: Bräutigam

From Proto-Germanic *brūdigumô. Equivalent to *brūdi + *gumō.


handijan

handijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
handijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
handijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
handijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
handiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
handidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
handisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
handidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
handidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
handiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
handidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
handidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
handijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
handidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
handiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
handidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
handijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
handidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
handijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
handidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
handijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
handidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
handijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
handidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
handijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
handidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
handijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
handidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
handijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
handidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
handi (class-1 present singular weak)
handiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
handijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
handid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *hendan

Middle English: henden

English: hend

⇒ Middle English: handen, honden (form influenced by hand, hond)

English: hand

Scots: hand

⇒ Old English: ġehendan

Old Frisian: henda, handa

⇒ Saterland Frisian: houndje

West Frisian: heine

Old Saxon: *hendian

gl

form influenced by <i class="Latn mention" lang="gml">hant</i>

Middle Low German: *henden, *handen (form influenced by hant)

desc

⇒ Middle Low German: hendære, hender, handære

⇒ Middle Low German: afhenden

⇒ Middle Low German: vörhenden, vörhanden

⇒ Middle Low German: belîfhanden

⇒ Middle Low German: enthanden, enhanden

Old Dutch: *henden

Middle Dutch: henden, handen

Dutch: henden, handen, heinen (dialectal)

Old High German: hanten, *henten

Middle High German: henden, handen

⇒ Middle High German: behenden

⇒ Middle High German: enthenden

⇒ Old High German: gihantit (ppt)

to take by the hand; seize; grip; capture


hantijan

hantijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hantijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hantijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hantijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hantiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hantidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hantisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hantidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hantidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hantiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hantidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hantidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hantijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hantidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hantiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hantidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hantijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hantidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hantijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hantidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hantijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hantidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hantijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hantidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hantijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hantidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hantijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hantidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hantijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hantidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hanti (class-1 present singular weak)
hantiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hantijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hantid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: hentan
Middle English: henten, hinten
English: hent, hint
Scots: hent, hynt, hint


spādī

head

*spādī (comparative *spādiʀō, superlative *spādist)

spādiʀō (comparative)
spādist (superlative)
spādī (masculine nominative singular)
spādiju (feminine nominative singular)
spādī (neuter nominative singular)
spādijanā (accusative masculine singular)
spādijā (accusative feminine singular)
spādī (accusative neuter singular)
spādijas (genitive masculine singular)
spādijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
spādijas (genitive neuter singular)
spādijumē (dative masculine singular)
spādijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
spādijumē (dative neuter singular)
spādiju (instrumental masculine singular)
spādijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
spādiju (instrumental neuter singular)
spādijē (masculine nominative plural)
spādijō (feminine nominative plural)
spādiju (neuter nominative plural)
spādijā (accusative masculine plural)
spādijā (accusative feminine plural)
spādiju (accusative neuter plural)
spādijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
spādijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
spādijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
spādijēm (dative masculine plural)
spādijum (dative masculine plural)
spādijēm (dative feminine plural)
spādijum (dative feminine plural)
spādijēm (dative neuter plural)
spādijum (dative neuter plural)
spādijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
spādijum (instrumental masculine plural)
spādijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
spādijum (feminine instrumental plural)
spādijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
spādijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Saxon: *spādi

Middle Low German: spāde

Low German: späd

Old Dutch: *spādi

Middle Dutch: spade, spaed

Dutch: spade, spa

Old High German: spāti

Middle High German: spǣte

Alemannic German: spaat

German: spät

Luxembourgish: spéit

Yiddish: שפּעט (shpet)

From Proto-Germanic *spēdiz + *-ī (adjective suffix).


-islī

-islī (nominative singular)
-isliju (nominative plural)
-islī (accusative singular)
-isliju (accusative plural)
-islijas (genitive singular)
-islijō (genitive plural)
-islijē (dative singular)
-islijum (dative plural)
-isliju (instrumental singular)
-islijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: -els m, -else, -elle f

Old Saxon: -isli, -islo

Middle Low German: -else, -els, -sel

Low German: -else, -sel

→ Norwegian Bokmål: -else m or n

→ Swedish: -else c

→ Old Danish: -ilse

Danish: -else c

Old Dutch: -isli

Middle Dutch: -sel

Dutch: -sel

Old High German: -isli

Middle High German:

German: -sel

Used to form nouns from verbs denoting something which performs or has undergone an action, or something which results from the action; -age, -ion


burgislī

burgislī (nominative singular)
burgisliju (nominative plural)
burgislī (accusative singular)
burgisliju (accusative plural)
burgislijas (genitive singular)
burgislijō (genitive plural)
burgislijē (dative singular)
burgislijum (dative plural)
burgisliju (instrumental singular)
burgislijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: byrġels

desctree

Middle English: beriel, buriel, biriel, buriels, biriels, beriall, bereall, beryell (Late Middle English)
English: burial
Scots: buirial

Old Saxon: burgisli

From *burgijan (“to bury in a mound”) + *-islī.


hauwjan

hauwjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hauwjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hauwjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hauwjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hauwju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hawidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hawisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hawidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hawidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hawiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hawidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hawidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hauwjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hawidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hawiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hawidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hauwjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hawidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hauwjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hawidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hauwjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hawidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hauwjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hawidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hauwjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hawidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hauwjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hawidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hauwjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hawidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hawi (class-1 present singular weak)
hawiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hauwjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hawid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hīeġan, hēġan, hīġan

Old Frisian: hēia


hittijan

hittijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hittijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hittijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hittijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hittiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hittidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hittisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hittidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hittidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hittiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hittidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hittidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hittijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hittidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hittiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hittidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hittijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hittidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hittijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hittidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hittijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hittidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hittijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hittidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hittijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hittidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hittijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hittidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hittijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hittidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hitti (class-1 present singular weak)
hittiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hittijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hittid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hittan (possibly from Old Norse instead)

Middle English: hitten

English: hit

Scots: hit

Old Dutch: *hitten

Middle Dutch: hitten

To encounter; meet with; make contact; hit


hlainijan

hlainijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hlainijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hlainijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hlainijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hlainiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hlainidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hlainisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hlainidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hlainidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hlainiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hlainidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hlainidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hlainijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hlainidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hlainiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hlainidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hlainijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hlainidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hlainijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hlainidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hlainijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hlainidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hlainijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hlainidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hlainijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hlainidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hlainijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hlainidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hlainijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hlainidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hlaini (class-1 present singular weak)
hlainiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hlainijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hlainid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hlǣnan

Middle English: lenen

Scots: lene, leyn

English: lean

Old Saxon: *hlēnian

Middle Low German: lênen, lȫnen

German Low German: lehnen

desctree

Old Dutch: lēnen
Middle Dutch: lênen, leinen
Dutch: leunen

Old High German: hleinen

Middle High German: leinen

German: leinen, lehnen


hōlijan

hōlijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hōlijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hōlijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hōlijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hōliju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hōlidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hōlisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hōlidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hōlidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hōliþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hōlidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hōlidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hōlijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hōlidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hōliþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hōlidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hōlijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hōlidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hōlijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hōlidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hōlijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hōlidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hōlijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hōlidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hōlijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hōlidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hōlijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hōlidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hōlijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hōlidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hōli (class-1 present singular weak)
hōliþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hōlijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hōlid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hēlan

Old High German: huolen


hrainijan

hrainijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hrainijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hrainijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hrainijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hrainiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hrainidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hrainisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hrainidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hrainidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hrainiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hrainidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hrainidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hrainijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hrainidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hrainiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hrainidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hrainijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hrainidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hrainijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hrainidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hrainijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hrainidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hrainijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hrainidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hrainijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hrainidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hrainijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hrainidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hrainijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hrainidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hraini (class-1 present singular weak)
hrainiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hrainijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hrainid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Saxon: hrēnian

q

Middle Low German: rênen (merged with the descendant of *hrainōn)

desctree

Old Dutch: reinen
Middle Dutch: reinen
Dutch: reinen
Limburgish: reine

Old High German: reinen

Middle High German: reinen (merged with the descendant of *hrainōn)

From Proto-Germanic *hrainijaną. Equivalent to *hrainī + *-jan.


hrammjan

hrammjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hrammjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hrammjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hrammjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hrammju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hramidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hramisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hramidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hramidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hramiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hramidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hramidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hrammjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hramidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hramiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hramidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hrammjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hramidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hrammjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hramidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hrammjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hramidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hrammjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hramidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hrammjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hramidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hrammjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hramidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hrammjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hramidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hrami (class-1 present singular weak)
hramiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hrammjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hramid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hremman

Old Frisian: *hremma

desc

⇒ Old Frisian: hrembende, hrembend (“fetter”)

Old Dutch: *remmen

Middle Dutch: remmen

Dutch: remmen

From Proto-Germanic *hramjaną. Equivalent to *hramu (“frame, framework, support”) + *-jan.


hringijan

hringijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hringijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hringijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hringijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hringiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hringidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hringisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hringidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hringidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hringiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hringidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hringidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hringijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hringidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hringiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hringidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hringijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hringidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hringijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hringidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hringijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hringidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hringijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hringidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hringijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hringidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hringijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hringidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hringijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hringidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hringi (class-1 present singular weak)
hringiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hringijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hringid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hrinġan

Middle English: ringen, ryngen

Scots: ring

English: ring

Old Frisian: *ringa

North Frisian: ringe

Old Dutch: *ringen

Middle Dutch: ringen, ringhen

Dutch: ringen; rinkelen; rinkinken

Afrikaans: ring, rinkink

Old High German: hringan, ringan

From Proto-Germanic *hringijaną, equivalent to *hring (“ring, sound”) + *-jan.


hringijan

Old English: *hrinġan

Middle English: ringen

English: ring

Old Saxon: *hringian

Middle Low German: ringen

Old Dutch: *ringen

Middle Dutch: ringen, ringhen

Dutch: ringen

Old High German: ringen

Middle High German: ringen

From Proto-Germanic *hringijaną, equivalent to *hring (“ring, circle”) + *-jan.


offr

offr (nominative singular)
offru (nominative plural)
offr (accusative singular)
offru (accusative plural)
offras (genitive singular)
offrō (genitive plural)
offrē (dative singular)
offrum (dative plural)
offru (instrumental singular)
offrum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: offer

Old Saxon: offar

Middle Low German: opper, offer

→ Old Frisian: opper

desctree

→ Old Norse: offr
Faroese: offur
Norwegian Nynorsk: offer
Norwegian Bokmål: offer
Swedish: offer
Danish: offer

Old Dutch: *offar

Middle Dutch: offer

Dutch: offer

desc

Old High German: opfar, offar, ophar, opher

Middle High German: opfer, opher, offer

German: Opfer

Hunsrik: Opfer

Borrowed from Late Latin offrum (“a sacrifice”), or a back-formation from *offrōn (“to offer up, sacrifice”), both from Latin offerō.


hrōʀijan

hrōʀijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hrōʀijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hrōʀijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hrōʀijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hrōʀiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hrōʀidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hrōʀisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hrōʀidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hrōʀidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hrōʀiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hrōʀidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hrōʀidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hrōʀijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hrōʀidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hrōʀiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hrōʀidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hrōʀijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hrōʀidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hrōʀijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hrōʀidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hrōʀijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hrōʀidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hrōʀijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hrōʀidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hrōʀijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hrōʀidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hrōʀijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hrōʀidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hrōʀijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hrōʀidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hrōʀi (class-1 present singular weak)
hrōʀiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hrōʀijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hrōʀid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hrēran

Middle English: rēren; (rōrien)

English: rear (“to move; stir”)

⇒ Old English: hrēre (adjective), hrēr

Middle English: rere

English: rear (dialectal), rare

Old Frisian: hrēra

Saterland Frisian: ríere

West Frisian: riere, reare

Old Saxon: hrōrian

Middle Low German: rôren

German Low German: röhren

Old Dutch: *ruoren (in irruoran)

Middle Dutch: roeren

Dutch: roeren

Afrikaans: roer

Old High German: hruorjan, ruoren

Middle High German: ruoren, rüeren

Bavarian: riarn

German: rühren

→ Saterland Frisian: rüürje

Yiddish: רירן (rirn)


hwappjan

hwappjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hwappjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hwappjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hwappjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hwappju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hwapidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hwapisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hwapidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwapidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwapiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hwapidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwapidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwappjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hwapidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hwapiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hwapidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hwappjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hwapidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hwappjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hwapidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hwappjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hwapidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwappjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hwapidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwappjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hwapidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hwappjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hwapidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hwappjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hwapidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hwapi (class-1 present singular weak)
hwapiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hwappjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hwapid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old High German: *hwepfen, *wepfen

Middle High German: wepfen

⇒ Middle High German: ferwepfen, verwepfen


hwalbijan

hwalbijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hwalbijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hwalbijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hwalbijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hwalbiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hwalbidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hwalbisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hwalbidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwalbidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwalbiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hwalbidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwalbidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwalbijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hwalbidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hwalbiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hwalbidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hwalbijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hwalbidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hwalbijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hwalbidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hwalbijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hwalbidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwalbijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hwalbidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwalbijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hwalbidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hwalbijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hwalbidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hwalbijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hwalbidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hwalbi (class-1 present singular weak)
hwalbiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hwalbijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hwalbid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *hwielfan, *hwylfan

⇒ Old English: behwielfan, behwylfan

Old Saxon: *hwelbian

⇒ Old Saxon: bihwelvian

Old Dutch: *welven

Middle Dutch: welven

Dutch: welven

Old High German: *welben

Middle High German: welben

German: wölben


hwītijan

hwītijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hwītijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hwītijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hwītijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hwītiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hwītidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hwītisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hwītidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwītidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwītiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hwītidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwītidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwītijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hwītidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hwītiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hwītidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hwītijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hwītidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hwītijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hwītidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hwītijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hwītidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwītijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hwītidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwītijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hwītidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hwītijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hwītidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hwītijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hwītidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hwīti (class-1 present singular weak)
hwītiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hwītijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hwītid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hwītan

Middle English: whīten

English: white

Old Saxon: *hwītian

Middle Low German: witten

Old Dutch: *wīten

Middle Dutch: witten

Dutch: witten

Old High German: wīzen

Middle High German: wīzen

German: weißen

From Proto-Germanic *hwītijaną. Equivalent to *hwīt (“white”) + *-jan


irʀijan

irʀijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
irʀijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
irʀijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
irʀijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
irʀiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
irʀidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
irʀisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
irʀidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
irʀidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
irʀiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
irʀidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
irʀidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
irʀijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
irʀidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
irʀiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
irʀidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
irʀijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
irʀidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
irʀijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
irʀidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
irʀijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
irʀidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
irʀijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
irʀidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
irʀijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
irʀidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
irʀijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
irʀidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
irʀijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
irʀidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
irʀi (class-1 present singular weak)
irʀiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
irʀijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
irʀid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Saxon: irrian, irrean

Old Dutch: irren

Middle Dutch: erren

Old High German: irren

Middle High German: irren

German: irren

→ Swedish: irra

Luxembourgish: iren

From Proto-Germanic *irzijaną. Equivalent to *irʀī (“mistaken, wrong”) + *-jan.


jaattjan

jaattjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
jaattjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
jaattjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
jaattjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
jaattju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
jaattā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
jaatisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
jaattēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
jaattōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
jaatiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
jaattē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
jaattā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
jaattjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
jaattum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
jaatiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
jaattud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
jaattjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
jaattun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
jaattjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
jaattī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
jaattjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
jaattī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
jaattjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
jaattī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
jaattjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
jaattīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
jaattjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
jaattīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
jaattjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
jaattīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
jaati (class-1 present singular weak)
jaatiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
jaattjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
jaatt (class-1 participle past weak)
*jāttjan (alternative)

Old English: ġēatan

Middle English: ȝeaten, ȝaten, yeten

Old Frisian: gēta, gāta

⇒? Saterland Frisian: bijeedje

⇒? West Frisian: itigje, ytsje

Old Dutch: *jāetten, *jātten, *jāten

⇒? Middle Dutch: jaet (adverb, particle, interjection)

Old High German: jāezzen, jāzen

Middle High German: jāzen

⇒ Middle High German: bejāzen

⇒ Middle High German: verjāzen, verjāgen

⇒ Old High German: gijāezzen, gijāzen

to say ‘yes’, assent (to), consent, confirm, grant


kambijan

kambijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
kambijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
kambijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
kambijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
kambiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
kambidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
kambisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
kambidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kambidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kambiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
kambidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kambidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kambijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
kambidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
kambiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
kambidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
kambijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
kambidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
kambijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
kambidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
kambijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
kambidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kambijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
kambidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kambijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
kambidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
kambijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
kambidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
kambijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
kambidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
kambi (class-1 present singular weak)
kambiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
kambijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
kambid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: cemban

Middle English: kemben

English: kemb; unkempt

Scots: kem, keme

Old Frisian: *kemba

Saterland Frisian: keme, keeme

West Frisian: kjimme

Old Saxon: kembian

Middle Low German: kemben, kemmen

German Low German: kämmen

Low German: keimen

Plautdietsch: kjamen

Old Dutch: *kemben

desctree

Middle Dutch: kemmen, kemben
Dutch: kemmen
Limburgish: keimbe, keime

desc

Old High German: kemben, chemben, chempen

Middle High German: kemben, kemmen

German: kämmen

Hunsrik: kemme

Luxembourgish: kämmen

Vilamovian: kemma


beustameluk

beustameluk (nominative singular)
beustameluki (nominative plural)
beustameluku (accusative singular)
beustameluki (accusative plural)
beustameluki (genitive singular)
beustamelukō (genitive plural)
beustameluki (dative singular)
beustamelukum (dative plural)
beustameluki (instrumental singular)
beustamelukum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *biostmiluk

Middle Low German: bêstmelk

German Low German:

Altmärkisch: Bêstmelk

Low Prussian: Bîstmilch, Bissmilch, Bêstmilch

Westphalian:

Dortmundisch: Baẹ̆stmeälke f

Sauerländisch: Baistmielek (Bestwig, Drolshagen, Olpe), Boismielek (Kirchhundem), Boistmielek (Selbecke), Bischtmelek (Wenden)

East Westphalian: Beustmälke (Lippe), Baistmialke (Ravensberg)

Westmünsterländisch: Biestmelk, Biestemelk, Biesmelk, Beestemelk

Old High German: *biostmiluh

Middle High German: biestmilich

German: Biestmilch

From *beust (“beestings”) + *meluk (“milk”).


beust

beust (nominative singular)
beustō (nominative plural)
beustōs (nominative plural)
beust (accusative singular)
beustā (accusative plural)
beustas (genitive singular)
beustō (genitive plural)
beustē (dative singular)
beustum (dative plural)
beustu (instrumental singular)
beustum (instrumental plural)

Old English: bēost

⇒ Old English: bȳsting

English: beestings

Old Frisian: *biāst

North Frisian: bjārst, bjüst

Saterland Frisian: biaost

West Frisian: bjist

Old Saxon: biost

Middle Low German: bêst

German Low German:

Low Prussian: Bîst, Biest, Bêst

Sauerländisch: Baist, Bauest (Niedersfeld)

→ Danish: bjæst

Old Dutch: *biest

Middle Dutch: biest

Dutch: biest

Afrikaans: bies

Old High German: biost

Middle High German: biest

German: Biest

Uncertain; presumably related *beustr, *breustr (whence Old High German biastr (“beestings”)), suggested to be dissimilated from Proto-Germanic *breustaz (whence Icelandic ábrystir pl (“dish made from beestings”)), and possibly either derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to swell”), or further connected to Proto-Iranian *frušáh (“beestings”), both perhaps borrowed from a substrate language.


daupīni

daupīni (nominative singular)
daupīnī (nominative plural)
daupīni (accusative singular)
daupīnī (accusative plural)
daupīnī (genitive singular)
daupīnijō (genitive plural)
daupīnī (dative singular)
daupīnim (dative plural)
daupīnijum (dative plural)
daupīnī (instrumental singular)
daupīnim (instrumental plural)
daupīnijum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: dēpene

Old Saxon: dōpi

Middle Low German: dōpe, dōp

→ Danish: dåb

→ Norwegian: dåp

→ Swedish: dop

Old Dutch: douphe, *doupe

Middle Dutch: dope

Dutch: doop

Old High German: toufī; *doufī (Central German)

Middle High German: toufe, töufe; dōfe (Central German)

German: Taufe

Hunsrik: Daaf

Luxembourgish: Daf

Pennsylvania German: Daaf

From Proto-Germanic *daupīniz. Equivalent to *daupijan (“to dip, to immerse”) + *-īni.


brigdil

brigdil (nominative singular)
brigdilō (nominative plural)
brigdilōs (nominative plural)
brigdil (accusative singular)
brigdilā (accusative plural)
brigdilas (genitive singular)
brigdilō (genitive plural)
brigdilē (dative singular)
brigdilum (dative plural)
brigdilu (instrumental singular)
brigdilum (instrumental plural)
*brīdil (alternative)

desctree

Old English: brīdel, briġdel
Middle English: bridel, bridell, bridil, bridill, bridle, brydel, brydul, brydyl, brydyll, brydylle
English: bridle
Scots: bridle

Old Frisian: brīdel

Old Saxon: briddil, *brīdil, *brigdil

Middle Low German: breidel

Low German: Breidel

Old Dutch: *brīdil

Middle Dutch: breydel, breidel

Dutch: breidel

Afrikaans: breidel

desc

Old High German: brittil, priddil, prittil, *brīdil

Middle High German: brîdel, brittel, britel

Cimbrian: brittel

German: Breidel; Britel, Brittel

→ Old French: bride; bretel

Middle French: bride; bretelle

French: bride; bretelle

→ Dutch: bretel

→ Occitan: brida

→ Portuguese: brida

→ Spanish: brida

→ Italian: predella

→ Italian: briglia

→ Old French: bridel

From Proto-Germanic *brigdilaz. Equivalent to *bregdan (“to move back and forth, weave”) + *-il.


kaug

kaug (nominative singular)
kaugō (nominative plural)
kaugōs (nominative plural)
kaug (accusative singular)
kaugā (accusative plural)
kaugas (genitive singular)
kaugō (genitive plural)
kaugē (dative singular)
kaugum (dative plural)
kaugu (instrumental singular)
kaugum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: kāg, kāch

North Frisian: kuuch

West Frisian: keech

→ Middle Dutch: câech [1287-1288]

Dutch: kaag

Old Saxon: kōg

Middle Low German: kôch

Low German: kooch

→ German: Koog, Kog

Old Dutch: *kōg

Middle Dutch: côoch, coech, coich (or borrowed from Low German)

Dutch: koog (dated, dialectal)

⇒? Old Dutch: cogsculd

Unknown; suggested to possibly be related to Norwegian kage (“low bush”), perhaps borrowed and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kagʰyóm (“enclosure; hedge”).


wlātiþō

wlātiþō (nominative singular)
wlātiþan (nominative plural)
wlātiþan (accusative singular)
wlātiþan (accusative plural)
wlātiþini (genitive singular)
wlātiþan (genitive singular)
wlātiþanō (genitive plural)
wlātiþini (dative singular)
wlātiþan (dative singular)
wlātiþum (dative plural)
wlātiþini (instrumental singular)
wlātiþan (instrumental singular)
wlātiþum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wlǣta, wlǣtta

Middle English: wlætte, wlæte, wlate

Old Saxon: *wlātto

Middle Low German: wlâte

⇒ Old Saxon: *wlāttio

Middle Low German: *wlâtte

German Low German:

Münsterländisch: vläts (“a loathsome person”)

From *wlātōn (“to loathe; to disgust”) + *-iþu + *-ō.

af

(North Sea Germanic) nausea, disgust, loathing


wlātī

wlātī (masculine nominative singular)
wlātiju (feminine nominative singular)
wlātī (neuter nominative singular)
wlātijanā (accusative masculine singular)
wlātijā (accusative feminine singular)
wlātī (accusative neuter singular)
wlātijas (genitive masculine singular)
wlātijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
wlātijas (genitive neuter singular)
wlātijumē (dative masculine singular)
wlātijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
wlātijumē (dative neuter singular)
wlātiju (instrumental masculine singular)
wlātijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
wlātiju (instrumental neuter singular)
wlātijē (masculine nominative plural)
wlātijō (feminine nominative plural)
wlātiju (neuter nominative plural)
wlātijā (accusative masculine plural)
wlātijā (accusative feminine plural)
wlātiju (accusative neuter plural)
wlātijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
wlātijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
wlātijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
wlātijēm (dative masculine plural)
wlātijum (dative masculine plural)
wlātijēm (dative feminine plural)
wlātijum (dative feminine plural)
wlātijēm (dative neuter plural)
wlātijum (dative neuter plural)
wlātijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
wlātijum (instrumental masculine plural)
wlātijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
wlātijum (feminine instrumental plural)
wlātijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
wlātijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Frisian: *wlǣte

desc

Middle English: wlāte, whath (“disgusting, nauseating”)

Old Frisian: *wlāt

Saterland Frisian: wlat, wluat (“impure”) (obsolete)

From *wlātōn (“to loathe; to disgust”) + *-ī (abstract noun suffix).


gaitling

gaittling (nominative singular)
gaittlingō (nominative plural)
gaittlingōs (nominative plural)
gaittling (accusative singular)
gaittlingā (accusative plural)
gaittlingas (genitive singular)
gaittlingō (genitive plural)
gaittlingē (dative singular)
gaittlingum (dative plural)
gaittlingu (instrumental singular)
gaittlingum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *gētling

Middle Low German: geidling, geilink

German Low German:

Bentheimisch: Gaidling

Dormundisch: Gaẹ̆tlink

Westmünsterländisch: Geetling

Old Dutch: *geitling

Middle Dutch: geidling

Dutch: gieteling, (archaic) gietelinc


þroskā

þroskā (nominative singular)
þroskōn (nominative plural)
þroskōn (accusative singular)
þroskōn (accusative plural)
þroskōn (genitive singular)
þroskōnō (genitive plural)
þroskōn (dative singular)
þroskōm (dative plural)
þroskum (dative plural)
þroskōn (instrumental singular)
þroskōm (instrumental plural)
þroskum (instrumental plural)

Old High German: throsca, drosca


þruskijā

þruskijā (nominative singular)
þruskijōn (nominative plural)
þruskijōn (accusative singular)
þruskijōn (accusative plural)
þruskijōn (genitive singular)
þruskijōnō (genitive plural)
þruskijōn (dative singular)
þruskijōm (dative plural)
þruskijum (dative plural)
þruskijōn (instrumental singular)
þruskijōm (instrumental plural)
þruskijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: þrysċe

desctree

Middle English: thrusche, throssh, thryshe, þresche, þrosshe, þruisse, þrusch, þrusche, þrusshe, þruysse
English: thrush
Yola: drush, drish

From *þroskā (“thrush”) + *-jā (agent suffix).


þrostlā

þrostlā (nominative singular)
þrostlōn (nominative plural)
þrostlōn (accusative singular)
þrostlōn (accusative plural)
þrostlōn (genitive singular)
þrostlōnō (genitive plural)
þrostlōn (dative singular)
þrostlōm (dative plural)
þrostlum (dative plural)
þrostlōn (instrumental singular)
þrostlōm (instrumental plural)
þrostlum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: þrostle, þrosle, þrysċele
Middle English: throstel, throstle, thrustel, threstel, thristel, throsle
English: throstle
Yola: drostal

Old Frisian:

⇒ Saterland Frisian: Dröizelke

Old Saxon: throsla

Middle Low German: drôsle

German Low German:

Bentheimisch: Dro̗ssel

Westmünsterländisch: Drossel

East Westphalian: Draussel, Draossel (Lippe), Dreossel (Ravensberg)

→ Danish: drossel

Old Dutch: *throstela

Middle Dutch: drossel

desc

Old High German: throskela, throskala, *throstela

Middle High German: droschel, troschel, trostel

Bavarian: Drostle

German: Drossel

Alemannic German: Dröschel

Luxembourgish: Dréischel


þraskā

þraskā (nominative singular)
þraskōn (nominative plural)
þraskōn (accusative singular)
þraskōn (accusative plural)
þraskōn (genitive singular)
þraskōnō (genitive plural)
þraskōn (dative singular)
þraskōm (dative plural)
þraskum (dative plural)
þraskōn (instrumental singular)
þraskōm (instrumental plural)
þraskum (instrumental plural)

Old English: þræsċe


pāwō

pāwō (nominative singular)
pāwan (nominative plural)
pāwan (accusative singular)
pāwan (accusative plural)
pāwini (genitive singular)
pāwan (genitive singular)
pāwanō (genitive plural)
pāwini (dative singular)
pāwan (dative singular)
pāum (dative plural)
pāwini (instrumental singular)
pāwan (instrumental singular)
pāum (instrumental plural)

Old English: pāwa, pēa m, pāwe f

desctree

Middle English: po, pa, paa, paue, pe, poo, poue
English: pea, po (archaic)

⇒ Middle English: pecok, pocok, pacok
English: peacock
→ Hawaiian: pīkake
→ English: pikake
→ Maori: pīkake
Scots: pacok, pecok

Old Frisian: *pāwa, *pāu

Saterland Frisian: Pau

West Frisian: pau

Old Saxon: pāo, *pāwo

Middle Low German: pâwe, pauwe, pâw

German Low German: Pau

Old Dutch: *pāwo, *pāo

Middle Dutch: pau, pawe, pauwe

Dutch: pauw
Afrikaans: pou
Negerhollands: powwis
→ Munsee: páaw
→ Papiamentu: pòwis

Old High German: pfāwo, pfāwa


samftō

Old English: sōfte
Middle English: softe, soft
English: soft

Old Saxon: sāfto

Middle Low German: sachte

German Low German:

Altmärkisch: sacht, sachte

→ Norwegian: sagt, sagte

→ Swedish: sakta (archaic, dialectal)

→ Danish: sagt, sagte

Old High German: samfto

Middle High German: sanfte, samfte