fankijan

fankijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
fankijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
fankijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
fankijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
fankiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fankidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fankisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fankidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fankidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fankiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fankidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fankidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fankijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fankidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fankiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fankidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fankijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fankidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fankijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fankidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fankijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fankidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fankijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fankidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fankijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fankidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fankijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fankidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fankijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fankidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fanki (class-1 present singular weak)
fankiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
fankijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
fankid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Dutch: *fenken

⇒ Middle Dutch: ontfenken

Old High German: *fenken

Middle High German: venken


fangijan

fangijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
fangijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
fangijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
fangijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
fangiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fangidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fangisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fangidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fangidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fangiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fangidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fangidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fangijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fangidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fangiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fangidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fangijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fangidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fangijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fangidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fangijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fangidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fangijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fangidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fangijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fangidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fangijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fangidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fangijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fangidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fangi (class-1 present singular weak)
fangiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
fangijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
fangid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Dutch: *fengen

Old High German: *fengen

Middle High German: vengen, venken

Unknown; perhaps either influenced by, or secondary causative to, iterative *funkōn, *fungōn (“to sparkle”), related to strong verb *finkan (“to sparkle, burn”).

enpfengen

Old High German: *intfengen; Middle High German


hwer

hwer (nominative singular)
hwerō (nominative plural)
hwerōs (nominative plural)
hwer (accusative singular)
hwerā (accusative plural)
hweras (genitive singular)
hwerō (genitive plural)
hwerē (dative singular)
hwerum (dative plural)
hweru (instrumental singular)
hwerum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hwer

Middle English: hwer, wher

Old High German: hwer, wer


haisī

haisī (nominative singular)
haisīn (accusative singular)
haisīn (genitive singular)
haisīn (dative singular)
haisīn (instrumental singular)
*haisrī (alternative)

Old High German: heisī, heisarī

From Proto-Germanic *haisį̄. Equivalent to *hais (“hoarse”) + *-ī (abstract noun suffix).


gangil

gangil (nominative singular)
gangilō (nominative plural)
gangilōs (nominative plural)
gangil (accusative singular)
gangilā (accusative plural)
gangilas (genitive singular)
gangilō (genitive plural)
gangilē (dative singular)
gangilum (dative plural)
gangilu (instrumental singular)
gangilum (instrumental plural)

Old High German: *gengil

⇒ Old High German: gimeitgengil

⇒ Old High German: nāhgengil

From Proto-Germanic *gangilaz. Equivalent to *gangan + *-il.


gangul

gangul (masculine nominative singular)
gangulu (feminine nominative singular)
gangul (neuter nominative singular)
gangulanā (accusative masculine singular)
gangulā (accusative feminine singular)
gangul (accusative neuter singular)
gangulas (genitive masculine singular)
ganguleʀā (feminine genitive singular)
gangulas (genitive neuter singular)
gangulumē (dative masculine singular)
ganguleʀē (dative feminine singular)
gangulumē (dative neuter singular)
gangulu (instrumental masculine singular)
ganguleʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
gangulu (instrumental neuter singular)
gangulē (masculine nominative plural)
gangulō (feminine nominative plural)
gangulu (neuter nominative plural)
gangulā (accusative masculine plural)
gangulā (accusative feminine plural)
gangulu (accusative neuter plural)
ganguleʀō (genitive masculine plural)
ganguleʀō (feminine genitive plural)
ganguleʀō (genitive neuter plural)
gangulēm (dative masculine plural)
gangulum (dative masculine plural)
gangulēm (dative feminine plural)
gangulum (dative feminine plural)
gangulēm (dative neuter plural)
gangulum (dative neuter plural)
gangulēm (instrumental masculine plural)
gangulum (instrumental masculine plural)
gangulēm (feminine instrumental plural)
gangulum (feminine instrumental plural)
gangulēm (instrumental neuter plural)
gangulum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: *gangol

⇒ Old English: fæstgangel

⇒ Old English: wīdgangol

From Proto-Germanic *gangulaz. Equivalent to *gangan + *-ul.


forēgangijō

forēgangijō (nominative singular)
forēgangijan (nominative plural)
forēgangijan (accusative singular)
forēgangijan (accusative plural)
forēgangijini (genitive singular)
forēgangijan (genitive singular)
forēgangijanō (genitive plural)
forēgangijini (dative singular)
forēgangijan (dative singular)
forēgangijum (dative plural)
forēgangijini (instrumental singular)
forēgangijan (instrumental singular)
forēgangijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: foregenga

From Proto-Germanic *furaigangijô. Equivalent to *forē- + *gangijō.


gangijō

gangijō (nominative singular)
gangijan (nominative plural)
gangijan (accusative singular)
gangijan (accusative plural)
gangijini (genitive singular)
gangijan (genitive singular)
gangijanō (genitive plural)
gangijini (dative singular)
gangijan (dative singular)
gangijum (dative plural)
gangijini (instrumental singular)
gangijan (instrumental singular)
gangijum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: *genga
Middle English: -genge

Old Frisian: *gendza

⇒ Old Frisian: brâdgenga

⇒ Old Frisian: stefgenga

Old High German: *gengo

Old High German: gimeitgengo

From Proto-Germanic *gangijô. Equivalent to *gangan (“to go, walk”) + *-jō.


swabbjan

swabbjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
swabbjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
swabbjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
swabbjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
swabbju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
swabidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
swabisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
swabidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
swabidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
swabiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
swabidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
swabidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
swabbjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
swabidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
swabiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
swabidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
swabbjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
swabidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
swabbjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
swabidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
swabbjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
swabidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
swabbjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
swabidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
swabbjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
swabidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
swabbjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
swabidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
swabbjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
swabidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
swabi (class-1 present singular weak)
swabiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
swabbjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
swabid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: swebban

Middle English: swebben

English: sweb

Old Saxon: swebbian

Old High German: swebben, sweppen

⇒ Old High German: inswebben


garādī

garādī (nominative singular)
garādiju (nominative plural)
garādī (accusative singular)
garādiju (accusative plural)
garādijas (genitive singular)
garādijō (genitive plural)
garādijē (dative singular)
garādijum (dative plural)
garādiju (instrumental singular)
garādijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: ġerǣde

Old Saxon: girādi

Old Dutch: *girādi

Middle Dutch: gerâde

Old High German: girāti
German: Gerät


sād

sād (nominative singular)
sādu (nominative plural)
sād (accusative singular)
sādu (accusative plural)
sādas (genitive singular)
sādō (genitive plural)
sādē (dative singular)
sādum (dative plural)
sādu (instrumental singular)
sādum (instrumental plural)

Old English: sǣd, sēd — Anglian
Middle English: seed
English: seed
Scots: seed, seid, sid
Yola: zeade

Old Frisian: sēd

Saterland Frisian: Säid

West Frisian: sied

Old Saxon: sād

Middle Low German: sât

German Low German: Saad

Plautdietsch: Sot

Old Dutch: *sād

Middle Dutch: sâet

Dutch: zaad

Afrikaans: saad

Limburgish: zaod

⇒ Zealandic: zaedje

From Proto-Germanic *sēdą, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“to plant, sow”).


sādi

sādi (nominative singular)
sādī (nominative plural)
sādi (accusative singular)
sādī (accusative plural)
sādī (genitive singular)
sādijō (genitive plural)
sādī (dative singular)
sādim (dative plural)
sādijum (dative plural)
sādī (instrumental singular)
sādim (instrumental plural)
sādijum (instrumental plural)

Old High German: sāt

Middle High German: sāt

German: Saat


mālijan

mālijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
mālijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
mālijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
mālijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
māliju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
mālidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
mālisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
mālidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
mālidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
māliþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
mālidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
mālidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
mālijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
mālidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
māliþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
mālidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
mālijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
mālidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
mālijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
mālidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
mālijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
mālidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
mālijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
mālidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
mālijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
mālidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
mālijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
mālidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
mālijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
mālidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
māli (class-1 present singular weak)
māliþ (class-1 plural present weak)
mālijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
mālid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: mǣlan

Old Frisian: mēlia

West Frisian: mielje


mālēn

mālēn (infinitive)
mālēnijas (genitive infinitive)
mālēnijē (dative infinitive)
mālēniju (infinitive instrumental)
mālē (first-person present singular)
māl?dā (first-person past singular)
mālēs (present second-person singular)
māl?dēs (past second-person singular)
mālēþ (present singular third-person)
māl?dē (past singular third-person)
māl?dā (past singular third-person)
mālēm (first-person plural present)
māl?dum (first-person past plural)
mālēþ (plural present second-person)
māl?dud (past plural second-person)
mālēnþ (plural present third-person)
māl?dun (past plural third-person)
māl?dī (first-person past singular)
māl?dī (past second-person singular)
mālē (present singular third-person)
māl?dī (past singular third-person)
māl?dīm (first-person past plural)
māl?dīd (past plural second-person)
mālēn (plural present third-person)
māl?dīn (past plural third-person)
mālē (present singular)
mālēþ (plural present)
mālēndī (participle present)
māl?d (participle past)

Old Frisian: mēlia

West Frisian: mielje

Saterland Frisian: moalje

Old Saxon: mālōn

Middle Low German: mâlen

German Low German: malen

→ Danish: male

→ Old Swedish: māla

Swedish: måla

desctree

Old Dutch: *mālon
Middle Dutch: mâlen
Dutch: malen
Limburgish: maole

Old High German: mālēn

Middle High German: mālen

German: malen

→ Polish: malować

Yiddish: מאָלן (moln)

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *mēlāną. Equivalent to *māl (“stain, mark, spot”) + *-ēn.


gangijan

gangijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
gangijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
gangijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
gangijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
gangiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gangidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gangisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gangidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gangidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gangiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gangidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gangidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gangijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gangidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gangiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gangidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gangijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gangidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gangijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gangidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gangijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gangidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gangijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gangidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gangijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gangidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gangijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gangidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gangijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gangidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gangi (class-1 present singular weak)
gangiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
gangijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
gangid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: gengan

Old High German: *gengen

⇒ Old High German: zigengen

Middle High German: zergengen


uʀgangan

uʀgangan (infinitive)
uʀgangannjas (genitive infinitive)
uʀgangannjē (dative infinitive)
uʀgangannju (infinitive instrumental)
uʀgangu (first-person present singular)
uʀgeang (first-person past singular)
uʀgangiʀi (present second-person singular)
uʀgeangī (past second-person singular)
uʀgangidi (present singular third-person)
uʀgeang (past singular third-person)
uʀgangum (first-person plural present)
uʀgeangum (first-person past plural)
uʀgangid (plural present second-person)
uʀgeangud (past plural second-person)
uʀgangand (plural present third-person)
uʀgeangun (past plural third-person)
uʀgangē (first-person present singular)
uʀgeangī (first-person past singular)
uʀgangēs (present second-person singular)
uʀgangē (present singular third-person)
uʀgeangī (past singular third-person)
uʀgangēm (first-person plural present)
uʀgeangīm (first-person past plural)
uʀgangēþ (plural present second-person)
uʀgeangīd (past plural second-person)
uʀgangēn (plural present third-person)
uʀgeangīn (past plural third-person)
uʀgang (present singular)
uʀgangid (plural present)
uʀgangandī (participle present)
uʀgangan (participle past)

Old English: āgangan

Old Saxon: āgangan

Middle Low German: ergān (< with *ganganą replaced by *gāną)

Old High German: irgangan

Middle High German: ergān, ergēn (< with *ganganą replaced by *gāną)

German: ergehen

From Proto-Germanic *uzganganą. Equivalent to *uʀ- + *gangan.


mildiþu

mildiþu (nominative singular)
mildiþō (nominative plural)
mildiþā (accusative singular)
mildiþā (accusative plural)
mildiþā (genitive singular)
mildiþō (genitive plural)
mildiþē (dative singular)
mildiþōm (dative plural)
mildiþum (dative plural)
mildiþu (instrumental singular)
mildiþōm (instrumental plural)
mildiþum (instrumental plural)

Old High German: miltida

From Proto-Germanic *mildiþō. Equivalent to *mildī (“mild”) + *-iþu.


sprintan

sprintan (infinitive)
sprintannjas (genitive infinitive)
sprintannjē (dative infinitive)
sprintannju (infinitive instrumental)
sprintu (first-person present singular)
sprant (first-person past singular)
sprintiʀi (present second-person singular)
spruntī (past second-person singular)
sprintidi (present singular third-person)
sprant (past singular third-person)
sprintum (first-person plural present)
spruntum (first-person past plural)
sprintid (plural present second-person)
spruntud (past plural second-person)
sprintand (plural present third-person)
spruntun (past plural third-person)
sprintē (first-person present singular)
spruntī (first-person past singular)
sprintēs (present second-person singular)
sprintē (present singular third-person)
spruntī (past singular third-person)
sprintēm (first-person plural present)
spruntīm (first-person past plural)
sprintēþ (plural present second-person)
spruntīd (past plural second-person)
sprintēn (plural present third-person)
spruntīn (past plural third-person)
sprint (present singular)
sprintid (plural present)
sprintandī (participle present)
spruntan (participle past)

Old English: sprintan

Old High German: *sprinzan

Middle High German: sprinzen


sprantijan

sprantijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
sprantijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
sprantijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
sprantijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
sprantiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
sprantidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
sprantisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
sprantidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
sprantidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
sprantiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
sprantidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
sprantidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
sprantijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
sprantidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
sprantiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
sprantidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
sprantijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
sprantidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
sprantijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
sprantidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
sprantijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
sprantidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
sprantijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
sprantidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
sprantijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
sprantidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
sprantijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
sprantidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
sprantijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
sprantidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
spranti (class-1 present singular weak)
sprantiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
sprantijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
sprantid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: sprentan

Old High German: sprenzan


trakkjan

trakkjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
trakkjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
trakkjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
trakkjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
trakkju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
trakidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
trakisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
trakidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
trakidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
trakiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
trakidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
trakidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
trakkjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
trakidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
trakiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
trakidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
trakkjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
trakidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
trakkjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
trakidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
trakkjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
trakidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
trakkjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
trakidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
trakkjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
trakidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
trakkjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
trakidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
trakkjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
trakidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
traki (class-1 present singular weak)
trakiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
trakkjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
trakid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: trekka

West Frisian: trekke

Old Saxon: *trekkian

Middle Low German: trecken

Low German: trecken

→ German: trecken

Plautdietsch: trakjen

→ Danish: trække

→ Norwegian: trekke

→ Icelandic: trekkja

→ Faroese: trekkja

Old Dutch: *trecken

Middle Dutch: trecken

Dutch: trekken
Afrikaans: trek
→ English: trek
Jersey Dutch: träkke
Negerhollands: trek, treek
→ Papiamentu: trèk

Old High German: trecchen

Middle High German: trechen, trecken

(German: trecken) (chiefly a Low German loan)

Central Franconian: trecke (native)


trekan

trekan (infinitive)
trekannjas (genitive infinitive)
trekannjē (dative infinitive)
trekannju (infinitive instrumental)
treku (first-person present singular)
trak (first-person past singular)
trikiʀi (present second-person singular)
trākī (past second-person singular)
trikidi (present singular third-person)
trak (past singular third-person)
trekum (first-person plural present)
trākum (first-person past plural)
trikid (plural present second-person)
trākud (past plural second-person)
trekand (plural present third-person)
trākun (past plural third-person)
trekē (first-person present singular)
trākī (first-person past singular)
trekēs (present second-person singular)
trekē (present singular third-person)
trākī (past singular third-person)
trekēm (first-person plural present)
trākīm (first-person past plural)
trekēþ (plural present second-person)
trākīd (past plural second-person)
trekēn (plural present third-person)
trākīn (past plural third-person)
trik (present singular)
trikid (plural present)
trekandī (participle present)
trekan (participle past)

Old Frisian: trekka

North Frisian: trecke, tracke

Old Saxon: *trekkan

Middle Low German: trecken

Old High German: *trehhan

⇒ Old High German: bitrehhan

Middle High German: betrëchen


trāgī

trāgī (masculine nominative singular)
trāgiju (feminine nominative singular)
trāgī (neuter nominative singular)
trāgijanā (accusative masculine singular)
trāgijā (accusative feminine singular)
trāgī (accusative neuter singular)
trāgijas (genitive masculine singular)
trāgijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
trāgijas (genitive neuter singular)
trāgijumē (dative masculine singular)
trāgijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
trāgijumē (dative neuter singular)
trāgiju (instrumental masculine singular)
trāgijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
trāgiju (instrumental neuter singular)
trāgijē (masculine nominative plural)
trāgijō (feminine nominative plural)
trāgiju (neuter nominative plural)
trāgijā (accusative masculine plural)
trāgijā (accusative feminine plural)
trāgiju (accusative neuter plural)
trāgijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
trāgijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
trāgijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
trāgijēm (dative masculine plural)
trāgijum (dative masculine plural)
trāgijēm (dative feminine plural)
trāgijum (dative feminine plural)
trāgijēm (dative neuter plural)
trāgijum (dative neuter plural)
trāgijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
trāgijum (instrumental masculine plural)
trāgijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
trāgijum (feminine instrumental plural)
trāgijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
trāgijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: trāg

Old Saxon: trāg, trāgi

Old Dutch: *trāgi

Middle Dutch: trâge

Dutch: traag

Limburgish: traog

Old High German: trāgi

Middle High German: træge

German: träg, träge

From Proto-Germanic *trēgiz + *-ī (adjective suffix).


trinnan

trinnan (infinitive)
trinnannjas (genitive infinitive)
trinnannjē (dative infinitive)
trinnannju (infinitive instrumental)
trinnu (first-person present singular)
trann (first-person past singular)
trinniʀi (present second-person singular)
trunnī (past second-person singular)
trinnidi (present singular third-person)
trann (past singular third-person)
trinnum (first-person plural present)
trunnum (first-person past plural)
trinnid (plural present second-person)
trunnud (past plural second-person)
trinnand (plural present third-person)
trunnun (past plural third-person)
trinnē (first-person present singular)
trunnī (first-person past singular)
trinnēs (present second-person singular)
trinnē (present singular third-person)
trunnī (past singular third-person)
trinnēm (first-person plural present)
trunnīm (first-person past plural)
trinnēþ (plural present second-person)
trunnīd (past plural second-person)
trinnēn (plural present third-person)
trunnīn (past plural third-person)
trinn (present singular)
trinnid (plural present)
trinnandī (participle present)
trunnan (participle past)

Old Saxon: *trinnan

⇒ Old Saxon: *andtrinnan

>? Middle Low German: entrinnen

Old High German: *trinnan

Middle High German: trinnen

⇒ Old High German: inttrinnan

desc

Middle High German: intrinnen, entrinnen

German: entrinnen

⇒ Old High German: abinttrinnan

>? Middle High German: abeentrinnen


trannijan

trannijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
trannijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
trannijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
trannijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
tranniju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
trannidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
trannisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
trannidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
trannidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tranniþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
trannidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
trannidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
trannijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
trannidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
tranniþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
trannidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
trannijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
trannidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
trannijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
trannidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
trannijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
trannidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
trannijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
trannidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
trannijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
trannidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
trannijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
trannidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
trannijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
trannidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
tranni (class-1 present singular weak)
tranniþ (class-1 plural present weak)
trannijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
trannid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: *trenna

Saterland Frisian: tränne

Old Saxon: *trennian

Middle Low German: trennen, drennen

German Low German: trennen

Old Dutch: *trennen

Middle Dutch: trennen, ternen, tornen

Dutch: tornen

Old High German: trennen

Middle High German: trennen

German: trennen


hinkan

hinkan (infinitive)
hinkannjas (genitive infinitive)
hinkannjē (dative infinitive)
hinkannju (infinitive instrumental)
hinku (first-person present singular)
hank (first-person past singular)
hinkiʀi (present second-person singular)
hunkī (past second-person singular)
hinkidi (present singular third-person)
hank (past singular third-person)
hinkum (first-person plural present)
hunkum (first-person past plural)
hinkid (plural present second-person)
hunkud (past plural second-person)
hinkand (plural present third-person)
hunkun (past plural third-person)
hinkē (first-person present singular)
hunkī (first-person past singular)
hinkēs (present second-person singular)
hinkē (present singular third-person)
hunkī (past singular third-person)
hinkēm (first-person plural present)
hunkīm (first-person past plural)
hinkēþ (plural present second-person)
hunkīd (past plural second-person)
hinkēn (plural present third-person)
hunkīn (past plural third-person)
hink (present singular)
hinkid (plural present)
hinkandī (participle present)
hunkan (participle past)

Old English: hincian

Old Dutch: *hinkan

Middle Dutch: hinken

Dutch: hinken

Afrikaans: hink

Old High German: hinkan

Middle High German: hinken

German: hinken

Yiddish: הינקען (hinken)


kwellan

kwellan (infinitive)
kwellannjas (genitive infinitive)
kwellannjē (dative infinitive)
kwellannju (infinitive instrumental)
kwellu (first-person present singular)
kwall (first-person past singular)
kwilliʀi (present second-person singular)
kullī (past second-person singular)
kwillidi (present singular third-person)
kwall (past singular third-person)
kwellum (first-person plural present)
kullum (first-person past plural)
kwillid (plural present second-person)
kullud (past plural second-person)
kwelland (plural present third-person)
kullun (past plural third-person)
kwellē (first-person present singular)
kullī (first-person past singular)
kwellēs (present second-person singular)
kwellē (present singular third-person)
kullī (past singular third-person)
kwellēm (first-person plural present)
kullīm (first-person past plural)
kwellēþ (plural present second-person)
kullīd (past plural second-person)
kwellēn (plural present third-person)
kullīn (past plural third-person)
kwill (present singular)
kwillid (plural present)
kwellandī (participle present)
kollan (participle past)

Old Saxon: quellan

Middle Low German: quellen, quillen

→ Swedish: kvälla

Old Dutch: *quellan

desctree

Middle Dutch: quellen
Dutch: kwellen
Limburgish: kwèlle

Old High German: kwellan, quellan

Middle High German: quëllen, quallen

German: quellen

Yiddish: קוועלן (kveln)
→ English: kvell

desc

⇒ Old High German: ubarkwellan, ubarquellan

Presumably from Proto-Germanic *kwellaną, possibly a secondary strong verb of unattested full-grade iterative verb *kwellōną, from pre-Proto-Germanic *gʷel-nā́-ti ~ *gʷul-un-ánti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to drip”). Cognate with Sanskrit गलति (galati, “to drip”), Hittite [Term?] (/ku(wa)liya-/, “to flow (calmly), to be calm”).

cog

quelborn

Old Saxon: *kwellborno; Middle Low German


krankijan

krankijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
krankijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
krankijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
krankijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
krankiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
krankidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
krankisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
krankidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
krankidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
krankiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
krankidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
krankidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
krankijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
krankidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
krankiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
krankidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
krankijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
krankidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
krankijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
krankidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
krankijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
krankidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
krankijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
krankidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
krankijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
krankidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
krankijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
krankidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
krankijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
krankidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
kranki (class-1 present singular weak)
krankiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
krankijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
krankid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: krenza, krinza

(Saterland Frisian: kroanke, kroankje)

West Frisian: kringe, (krinke)

Old Saxon: *krenkian

Middle Low German: krenken

German Low German: kränken

Old Dutch: *crenken

Middle Dutch: crenken

Dutch: krenken

Old High German: *kranken

Middle High German: krenken

German: kränken

From Proto-Germanic *krankijaną. Equivalent to *krank (“weak”) + *-jan.


kōnī

kōnī (masculine nominative singular)
kōniju (feminine nominative singular)
kōnī (neuter nominative singular)
kōnijanā (accusative masculine singular)
kōnijā (accusative feminine singular)
kōnī (accusative neuter singular)
kōnijas (genitive masculine singular)
kōnijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
kōnijas (genitive neuter singular)
kōnijumē (dative masculine singular)
kōnijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
kōnijumē (dative neuter singular)
kōniju (instrumental masculine singular)
kōnijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
kōniju (instrumental neuter singular)
kōnijē (masculine nominative plural)
kōnijō (feminine nominative plural)
kōniju (neuter nominative plural)
kōnijā (accusative masculine plural)
kōnijā (accusative feminine plural)
kōniju (accusative neuter plural)
kōnijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
kōnijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
kōnijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
kōnijēm (dative masculine plural)
kōnijum (dative masculine plural)
kōnijēm (dative feminine plural)
kōnijum (dative feminine plural)
kōnijēm (dative neuter plural)
kōnijum (dative neuter plural)
kōnijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
kōnijum (instrumental masculine plural)
kōnijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
kōnijum (feminine instrumental plural)
kōnijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
kōnijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: cēne

Middle English: kene

Scots: keen

English: keen

Old Frisian: *kēne

Saterland Frisian: köin

West Frisian: kein

Old Saxon: *kōni

Middle Low German: kōne, köne, cōne

Old Dutch: *cuoni

Middle Dutch: coene

Dutch: koen

Afrikaans: koen

desctree

Old High German: kuoni, chuoni, kuani
Middle High German: küen, küene, küne
Alemannic German: chüe, chüen
German: kühn
Luxembourgish: kéng

From Proto-Germanic *kōniz + *-ī (adjective suffix).


kōnī

kōnī (nominative singular)
kōnīn (accusative singular)
kōnīn (genitive singular)
kōnīn (dative singular)
kōnīn (instrumental singular)

Old High German: kuonī, chuonī
Middle High German: küene
German: Kühne

From Proto-Germanic *kōnį̄. Equivalent to *kōnī (“adept, bold”) + *-ī (abstract noun suffix).


faginōn

faginōn (infinitive)
faginōnijas (genitive infinitive)
faginōnijē (dative infinitive)
faginōniju (infinitive instrumental)
faginō (first-person present singular)
faginōdā (first-person past singular)
faginōs (present second-person singular)
faginōdēs (past second-person singular)
faginōdōs (past second-person singular)
faginōþ (present singular third-person)
faginōdē (past singular third-person)
faginōdā (past singular third-person)
faginōm (first-person plural present)
faginōdum (first-person past plural)
faginōþ (plural present second-person)
faginōdud (past plural second-person)
faginōnþ (plural present third-person)
faginōdun (past plural third-person)
faginōdī (first-person past singular)
faginōdī (past second-person singular)
faginō (present singular third-person)
faginōdī (past singular third-person)
faginōdīm (first-person past plural)
faginōdīd (past plural second-person)
faginōn (plural present third-person)
faginōdīn (past plural third-person)
faginō (present singular)
faginōþ (plural present)
faginōndī (participle present)
faginōd (participle past)

Old English: fæġenian

Middle English: faynen, feynen, fainen

English: fain

Old Saxon: faganon

Old High German: faginōn

From Proto-Germanic *faginōną. Equivalent to *fagan (“glad”) + *-ōn.


medumōn

medumōn (infinitive)
medumōnijas (genitive infinitive)
medumōnijē (dative infinitive)
medumōniju (infinitive instrumental)
medumō (first-person present singular)
medumōdā (first-person past singular)
medumōs (present second-person singular)
medumōdēs (past second-person singular)
medumōdōs (past second-person singular)
medumōþ (present singular third-person)
medumōdē (past singular third-person)
medumōdā (past singular third-person)
medumōm (first-person plural present)
medumōdum (first-person past plural)
medumōþ (plural present second-person)
medumōdud (past plural second-person)
medumōnþ (plural present third-person)
medumōdun (past plural third-person)
medumōdī (first-person past singular)
medumōdī (past second-person singular)
medumō (present singular third-person)
medumōdī (past singular third-person)
medumōdīm (first-person past plural)
medumōdīd (past plural second-person)
medumōn (plural present third-person)
medumōdīn (past plural third-person)
medumō (present singular)
medumōþ (plural present)
medumōndī (participle present)
medumōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: medumian
Middle English: medemen

Old High German: metamēn (<with a shift from class II to class III)

From Proto-Germanic *medumōną. Equivalent to *medumō (“middle, midmost”) + *-ōn.


fijandiskapi

fijandiskapi (nominative singular)
fijandiskapī (nominative plural)
fijandiskapi (accusative singular)
fijandiskapī (accusative plural)
fijandiskapī (genitive singular)
fijandiskappjō (genitive plural)
fijandiskapī (dative singular)
fijandiskapim (dative plural)
fijandiskappjum (dative plural)
fijandiskapī (instrumental singular)
fijandiskapim (instrumental plural)
fijandiskappjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: fīondsċipe

>? English: fiendship

Old Frisian: *fīandskip

Saterland Frisian: Fäindskup

Old Saxon: fiundskepi

desc

Middle Low German: viantschap, viantschop

Old High German: fījantskaf

Middle High German: vīentschaft

German: Feindschaft

From Proto-Germanic *fijandiskapiz. Equivalent to *fijand (“enemy”) + *-skapi.


lāþ

lāþ (nominative singular)
lāþu (nominative plural)
lāþ (accusative singular)
lāþu (accusative plural)
lāþas (genitive singular)
lāþō (genitive plural)
lāþē (dative singular)
lāþum (dative plural)
lāþu (instrumental singular)
lāþum (instrumental plural)

Old English: lǣþ

Middle English: leð, ledh, *lath, leth

English: lathe


unlād

unlād (masculine nominative singular)
unlādu (feminine nominative singular)
unlād (neuter nominative singular)
unlādanā (accusative masculine singular)
unlādā (accusative feminine singular)
unlād (accusative neuter singular)
unlādas (genitive masculine singular)
unlādeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
unlādas (genitive neuter singular)
unlādumē (dative masculine singular)
unlādeʀē (dative feminine singular)
unlādumē (dative neuter singular)
unlādu (instrumental masculine singular)
unlādeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
unlādu (instrumental neuter singular)
unlādē (masculine nominative plural)
unlādō (feminine nominative plural)
unlādu (neuter nominative plural)
unlādā (accusative masculine plural)
unlādā (accusative feminine plural)
unlādu (accusative neuter plural)
unlādeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
unlādeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
unlādeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
unlādēm (dative masculine plural)
unlādum (dative masculine plural)
unlādēm (dative feminine plural)
unlādum (dative feminine plural)
unlādēm (dative neuter plural)
unlādum (dative neuter plural)
unlādēm (instrumental masculine plural)
unlādum (instrumental masculine plural)
unlādēm (feminine instrumental plural)
unlādum (feminine instrumental plural)
unlādēm (instrumental neuter plural)
unlādum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: unlǣd, unlǣde

Middle English: unlede

Old High German: unlāt


kerʀan

kerʀan (infinitive)
kerʀannjas (genitive infinitive)
kerʀannjē (dative infinitive)
kerʀannju (infinitive instrumental)
kerʀu (first-person present singular)
karʀ (first-person past singular)
kirʀiʀi (present second-person singular)
kurʀī (past second-person singular)
kirʀidi (present singular third-person)
karʀ (past singular third-person)
kerʀum (first-person plural present)
kurʀum (first-person past plural)
kirʀid (plural present second-person)
kurʀud (past plural second-person)
kerʀand (plural present third-person)
kurʀun (past plural third-person)
kerʀē (first-person present singular)
kurʀī (first-person past singular)
kerʀēs (present second-person singular)
kerʀē (present singular third-person)
kurʀī (past singular third-person)
kerʀēm (first-person plural present)
kurʀīm (first-person past plural)
kerʀēþ (plural present second-person)
kurʀīd (past plural second-person)
kerʀēn (plural present third-person)
kurʀīn (past plural third-person)
kirʀ (present singular)
kirʀid (plural present)
kerʀandī (participle present)
korʀan (participle past)

Old English: ċeorran

Old Dutch: *kerran

Middle Dutch: kerren, karren

Old High German: kerran, cherran

Middle High German: kerren

Cimbrian: khèrran


prangan

prangan (infinitive)
prangannjas (genitive infinitive)
prangannjē (dative infinitive)
prangannju (infinitive instrumental)
prangu (first-person present singular)
preang (first-person past singular)
prangiʀi (present second-person singular)
preangī (past second-person singular)
prangidi (present singular third-person)
preang (past singular third-person)
prangum (first-person plural present)
preangum (first-person past plural)
prangid (plural present second-person)
preangud (past plural second-person)
prangand (plural present third-person)
preangun (past plural third-person)
prangē (first-person present singular)
preangī (first-person past singular)
prangēs (present second-person singular)
prangē (present singular third-person)
preangī (past singular third-person)
prangēm (first-person plural present)
preangīm (first-person past plural)
prangēþ (plural present second-person)
preangīd (past plural second-person)
prangēn (plural present third-person)
preangīn (past plural third-person)
prang (present singular)
prangid (plural present)
prangandī (participle present)
prangan (participle past)

Old Saxon: *prangan

Middle Low German: prangen

Old Dutch: *prangan

Middle Dutch: prangen

Dutch: prangen

⇒ Dutch: prangend

Old High German: *phrangan

Middle High German: phrengen, phrangen

German: pfrengen (obsolete)

⇒ Middle High German: pranger (with West Central German consonantism)

German: Pranger


hrōpijan

hrōpijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hrōpijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hrōpijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hrōpijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hrōpiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hrōpidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hrōpisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hrōpidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hrōpidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hrōpiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hrōpidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hrōpidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hrōpijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hrōpidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hrōpiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hrōpidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hrōpijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hrōpidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hrōpijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hrōpidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hrōpijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hrōpidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hrōpijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hrōpidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hrōpijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hrōpidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hrōpijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hrōpidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hrōpijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hrōpidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hrōpi (class-1 present singular weak)
hrōpiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hrōpijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hrōpid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hrēpan

Old Saxon: *hrōpian

⇒ Old Saxon: *gihrōpian

⇒ Old Saxon: gihrōpidi

Old High German: *hruofen, ruofen

Middle High German: rüefen

From Proto-Germanic *hrōpijaną. Equivalent to *hrōp (“a call, cry”) + *-jan.


īdi

īdi (nominative singular)
īdī (nominative plural)
īdi (accusative singular)
īdī (accusative plural)
īdī (genitive singular)
īdijō (genitive plural)
īdī (dative singular)
īdim (dative plural)
īdijum (dative plural)
īdī (instrumental singular)
īdim (instrumental plural)
īdijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *īd

⇒ Old English: īdig


waitijan

waitijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
waitijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
waitijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
waitijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
waitiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
waitidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
waitisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
waitidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
waitidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
waitiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
waitidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
waitidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
waitijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
waitidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
waitiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
waitidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
waitijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
waitidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
waitijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
waitidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
waitijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
waitidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
waitijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
waitidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
waitijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
waitidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
waitijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
waitidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
waitijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
waitidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
waiti (class-1 present singular weak)
waitiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
waitijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
waitid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: wēta (“to claim, testify”)

Old High German: weizen (“to show, prove”)


draupijan

draupijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
draupijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
draupijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
draupijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
draupiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
draupidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
draupisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
draupidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
draupidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
draupiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
draupidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
draupidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
draupijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
draupidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
draupiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
draupidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
draupijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
draupidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
draupijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
draupidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
draupijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
draupidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
draupijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
draupidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
draupijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
draupidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
draupijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
draupidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
draupijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
draupidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
draupi (class-1 present singular weak)
draupiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
draupijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
draupid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: drīepan

Middle English: drīpen, drippen

English: drip

Old High German: troufen

Middle High German: troufen, trōufen


dwalōn

dwalōn (infinitive)
dwalōnijas (genitive infinitive)
dwalōnijē (dative infinitive)
dwalōniju (infinitive instrumental)
dwalō (first-person present singular)
dwalōdā (first-person past singular)
dwalōs (present second-person singular)
dwalōdēs (past second-person singular)
dwalōdōs (past second-person singular)
dwalōþ (present singular third-person)
dwalōdē (past singular third-person)
dwalōdā (past singular third-person)
dwalōm (first-person plural present)
dwalōdum (first-person past plural)
dwalōþ (plural present second-person)
dwalōdud (past plural second-person)
dwalōnþ (plural present third-person)
dwalōdun (past plural third-person)
dwalōdī (first-person past singular)
dwalōdī (past second-person singular)
dwalō (present singular third-person)
dwalōdī (past singular third-person)
dwalōdīm (first-person past plural)
dwalōdīd (past plural second-person)
dwalōn (plural present third-person)
dwalōdīn (past plural third-person)
dwalō (present singular)
dwalōþ (plural present)
dwalōndī (participle present)
dwalōd (participle past)

Old English: dwalian, dwolian

desctree

Middle English: dwalen, duale, dwalien
>? English: dwale, dwall
>? Scots: dwall

Old Frisian: dwalia

North Frisian: dwaale

West Frisian: dwale

Old Saxon: dwalōn

Middle Low German: dwālen

German Low German: dwalen

Old Dutch: *dwalon
Middle Dutch: dwālen
Dutch: dwalen

Old High German: twalōn

Middle High German: twalen

From Proto-Germanic *dwalōną. Equivalent to *dwal (“confused, stunned”) + *-ōn.


fangōn

fangōn (infinitive)
fangōnijas (genitive infinitive)
fangōnijē (dative infinitive)
fangōniju (infinitive instrumental)
fangō (first-person present singular)
fangōdā (first-person past singular)
fangōs (present second-person singular)
fangōdēs (past second-person singular)
fangōdōs (past second-person singular)
fangōþ (present singular third-person)
fangōdē (past singular third-person)
fangōdā (past singular third-person)
fangōm (first-person plural present)
fangōdum (first-person past plural)
fangōþ (plural present second-person)
fangōdud (past plural second-person)
fangōnþ (plural present third-person)
fangōdun (past plural third-person)
fangōdī (first-person past singular)
fangōdī (past second-person singular)
fangō (present singular third-person)
fangōdī (past singular third-person)
fangōdīm (first-person past plural)
fangōdīd (past plural second-person)
fangōn (plural present third-person)
fangōdīn (past plural third-person)
fangō (present singular)
fangōþ (plural present)
fangōndī (participle present)
fangōd (participle past)

Old English: *fangian

⇒ Old English: gefangian

Old Saxon: *fangon

Middle Low German: vangen

Old High German: *fangon

⇒ Old High German: situfangon


lauwu

lauwu (nominative singular)
lauwō (nominative plural)
lauwā (accusative singular)
lauwā (accusative plural)
lauwā (genitive singular)
lauwō (genitive plural)
lauwē (dative singular)
lauwōm (dative plural)
lauwum (dative plural)
lauwu (instrumental singular)
lauwōm (instrumental plural)
lauwum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *lǣw

⇒ Old English: limlǣw (“limb injury”) (+ lim (“limb”))

Old High German: *lauwa

desc

⇒ Old High German: līhlaoa, līhla (“scar”) (+ līh (“body”), ō-stem)

⇒ Old High German: lihloi, lihlauui, līhloi, lilewe, lilewi (“scar”) (+ līh (“body”), īn-stem)

⇒? Old High German: hilouwa, hilouga (“scar”) (+ gi-)


treuwu

treuwu (nominative singular)
treuwō (nominative plural)
treuwā (accusative singular)
treuwā (accusative plural)
treuwā (genitive singular)
treuwō (genitive plural)
treuwē (dative singular)
treuwōm (dative plural)
treuwum (dative plural)
treuwu (instrumental singular)
treuwōm (instrumental plural)
treuwum (instrumental plural)

Old English: trēow, trȳw

Middle English: trewe, truw, tru

Scots: trew, trewe

English: true

Old Frisian: triōwe, triūwe, trouwe

Saterland Frisian: Trjoue, Tjoue

West Frisian: trou

Old Saxon: triuwa, treuwa, treuwe

Middle Low German: truwe, trouwe

Low German: Treue

German Low German: Troo

→ Old Norse: trú

Icelandic: trú

Faroese: trúgv

Norwegian Nynorsk: tru

→ Norwegian Bokmål: tru

Swedish: tro

Danish: tro

Norwegian Bokmål: tro

Old Dutch: triuwa

Middle Dutch: trouwe, trūwe

Dutch: trouw

Afrikaans: trou

Old High German: triuwa, trūwa, trūa

Middle High German: triuwe

German: Treue

Luxembourgish: Trei

→ Vulgar Latin: *trewa

Old French: triwe, trive, trieve

Middle French: trieve

French: trêve

Occitan: treva, trev

Medieval Latin: trewa


hīw

hīw (nominative singular)
hīu (nominative plural)
hīw (accusative singular)
hīu (accusative plural)
hīwas (genitive singular)
hīwō (genitive plural)
hīwē (dative singular)
hīum (dative plural)
hīu (instrumental singular)
hīum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *hīw

⇒ Old English: hīwcund


hīwarād

hīwarād (nominative singular)
hīwarādō (nominative plural)
hīwarādōs (nominative plural)
hīwarād (accusative singular)
hīwarādā (accusative plural)
hīwarādas (genitive singular)
hīwarādō (genitive plural)
hīwarādē (dative singular)
hīwarādum (dative plural)
hīwarādu (instrumental singular)
hīwarādum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: hīrēd, hēored, hīered, hīorad, hīræd, hīrd, hȳred
Middle English: hird, herd, herde, hert, hired, hyrd, hyrt, hirð, hireden, hirt
→ Old Norse: hirð
Icelandic: hirð
Faroese: hirð
Norwegian Nynorsk: hird, hyrd
→ English: hird
Old Swedish: hirþ
Swedish: hird
Danish: hird
Norwegian Bokmål: hird
→ English: hird

Old Saxon: *hīrād

Middle Low German: hîrât

German Low German: Heiraad, Heirat

Old Dutch: hīrāt

Old High German: hīrāt

Middle High German: hīrāt

⇒ German: Heirat


hīwiskī

hīwiskī (nominative singular)
hīwiskiju (nominative plural)
hīwiskī (accusative singular)
hīwiskiju (accusative plural)
hīwiskijas (genitive singular)
hīwiskijō (genitive plural)
hīwiskijē (dative singular)
hīwiskijum (dative plural)
hīwiskiju (instrumental singular)
hīwiskijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hīwisċe, hīwisċ

⇒ Old Frisian: hīskithe

Old Saxon: hīwiski

desc

Middle Low German: hîsche, hîsch, hiske, hisk

Old Dutch: hīwiski, hîiske, hiuuisce, huyssche

Middle Dutch: huwesc, huwesc, husch, huisch

gl

merged with descendant of Proto-West Germanic <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmw-pro">*hūs</i>

Dutch: huis (merged with descendant of Proto-West Germanic *hūs)

Old High German: hīwisci

Middle High German: hīwische, hīwisch


hīwōn

hīwōn (nominative plural)
hīwōn (accusative plural)
hīwanō (genitive plural)
hīum (dative plural)
hīum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hīwan

Old Frisian: hiōne, hiūne, hīne

Old Saxon: hīwun, hīun

Middle Dutch: huwe sg f

desc

Old High German: hīūn, hīwen, hīen, *hīwo

Middle High German: hīe sg

Cimbrian: haje, hajar pl n, hair pl n


laiþijan

laiþijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
laiþijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
laiþijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
laiþijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
laiþiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
laiþidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
laiþisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
laiþidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laiþidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laiþiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
laiþidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laiþidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laiþijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
laiþidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
laiþiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
laiþidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
laiþijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
laiþidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
laiþijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
laiþidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
laiþijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
laiþidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laiþijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
laiþidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laiþijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
laiþidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
laiþijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
laiþidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
laiþijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
laiþidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
laiþi (class-1 present singular weak)
laiþiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
laiþijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
laiþid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Saxon: lēthian

Middle Low German: lêden, leiden

Old Dutch: *lēthen

Middle Dutch: leden, leeden, leiden

Old High German: leiden

Middle High German: leiden

German: leiden

From Proto-Germanic *laiþijaną. From *laiþ (“hateful, lothesome”) + *-jan.


idiwītijan

idiwītijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
idiwītijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
idiwītijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
idiwītijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
idiwītiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
idiwītidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
idiwītisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
idiwītidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
idiwītidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
idiwītiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
idiwītidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
idiwītidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
idiwītijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
idiwītidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
idiwītiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
idiwītidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
idiwītijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
idiwītidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
idiwītijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
idiwītidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
idiwītijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
idiwītidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
idiwītijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
idiwītidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
idiwītijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
idiwītidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
idiwītijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
idiwītidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
idiwītijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
idiwītidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
idiwīti (class-1 present singular weak)
idiwītiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
idiwītijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
idiwītid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: edwītan

Old High German: itawīzen

Middle High German: itewīzen, itwīzen

From Proto-Germanic *idiwītijaną. Equivalent to *idiwīt (“a shame; an insult”) + *-jan.


idiwīt

idiwīt (nominative singular)
idiwītu (nominative plural)
idiwīt (accusative singular)
idiwītu (accusative plural)
idiwītas (genitive singular)
idiwītō (genitive plural)
idiwītē (dative singular)
idiwītum (dative plural)
idiwītu (instrumental singular)
idiwītum (instrumental plural)

Old English: edwīt

Old Dutch: edwīt

Old High German: itwīz, itawīz

Middle High German: itwīz, itewīz, itewīze


fralusti

fralusti (nominative singular)
fralustī (nominative plural)
fralusti (accusative singular)
fralustī (accusative plural)
fralustī (genitive singular)
fralustijō (genitive plural)
fralustī (dative singular)
fralustim (dative plural)
fralustijum (dative plural)
fralustī (instrumental singular)
fralustim (instrumental plural)
fralustijum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: farlust

Middle Low German: vorlust

Old High German: firlust

Middle High German: verlust

German: Verlust

Yiddish: פֿאַרלוסט (farlust)

From Proto-Germanic *fralustiz. Equivalent to *fra- + *lusti.


frahwātan

frahwātan (infinitive)
frahwātannjas (genitive infinitive)
frahwātannjē (dative infinitive)
frahwātannju (infinitive instrumental)
frahwātu (first-person present singular)
frahwēt (first-person past singular)
frahwātiʀi (present second-person singular)
frahwētī (past second-person singular)
frahwātidi (present singular third-person)
frahwēt (past singular third-person)
frahwātum (first-person plural present)
frahwētum (first-person past plural)
frahwātid (plural present second-person)
frahwētud (past plural second-person)
frahwātand (plural present third-person)
frahwētun (past plural third-person)
frahwātē (first-person present singular)
frahwētī (first-person past singular)
frahwātēs (present second-person singular)
frahwātē (present singular third-person)
frahwētī (past singular third-person)
frahwātēm (first-person plural present)
frahwētīm (first-person past plural)
frahwātēþ (plural present second-person)
frahwētīd (past plural second-person)
frahwātēn (plural present third-person)
frahwētīn (past plural third-person)
frahwāt (present singular)
frahwātid (plural present)
frahwātandī (participle present)
frahwātan (participle past)

Old Saxon: farhwātan

Middle Low German: vorwāten

desctree

Old Dutch: farwātan
Middle Dutch: verwâten
Dutch: verwaten

Old High German: firwāzan

Middle High German: verwāzen


hwātan

hwātan (infinitive)
hwātannjas (genitive infinitive)
hwātannjē (dative infinitive)
hwātannju (infinitive instrumental)
hwātu (first-person present singular)
hwēt (first-person past singular)
hwātiʀi (present second-person singular)
hwētī (past second-person singular)
hwātidi (present singular third-person)
hwēt (past singular third-person)
hwātum (first-person plural present)
hwētum (first-person past plural)
hwātid (plural present second-person)
hwētud (past plural second-person)
hwātand (plural present third-person)
hwētun (past plural third-person)
hwātē (first-person present singular)
hwētī (first-person past singular)
hwātēs (present second-person singular)
hwātē (present singular third-person)
hwētī (past singular third-person)
hwātēm (first-person plural present)
hwētīm (first-person past plural)
hwātēþ (plural present second-person)
hwētīd (past plural second-person)
hwātēn (plural present third-person)
hwētīn (past plural third-person)
hwāt (present singular)
hwātid (plural present)
hwātandī (participle present)
hwātan (participle past)

Old English: *hwǣtan

⇒ Old English: āhwǣtan

Old High German: wāzan


wallijan

wallijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
wallijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
wallijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
wallijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
walliju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wallidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wallisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wallidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wallidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
walliþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wallidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wallidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wallijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wallidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
walliþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wallidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wallijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wallidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
wallijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wallidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wallijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wallidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wallijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wallidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wallijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wallidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
wallijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wallidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wallijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wallidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
walli (class-1 present singular weak)
walliþ (class-1 plural present weak)
wallijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
wallid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: wiellan, willan

Middle English: wellen
English: well
Scots: well, wall

Old Saxon: *wellian

Middle Low German: wellen

Old Dutch: *wellen

Middle Dutch: wellen

Dutch: wellen

Afrikaans: wel

Old High German: wellen

Middle High German: wellen

German: wellen


wallijan

Old Saxon: wellian

Old High German: *wellen

⇒ Old High German: umbiwellen


wellan

wellan (infinitive)
wellannjas (genitive infinitive)
wellannjē (dative infinitive)
wellannju (infinitive instrumental)
wellu (first-person present singular)
wall (first-person past singular)
williʀi (present second-person singular)
wullī (past second-person singular)
willidi (present singular third-person)
wall (past singular third-person)
wellum (first-person plural present)
wullum (first-person past plural)
willid (plural present second-person)
wullud (past plural second-person)
welland (plural present third-person)
wullun (past plural third-person)
wellē (first-person present singular)
wullī (first-person past singular)
wellēs (present second-person singular)
wellē (present singular third-person)
wullī (past singular third-person)
wellēm (first-person plural present)
wullīm (first-person past plural)
wellēþ (plural present second-person)
wullīd (past plural second-person)
wellēn (plural present third-person)
wullīn (past plural third-person)
will (present singular)
willid (plural present)
wellandī (participle present)
wollan (participle past)

Old High German: wellan


spīkārī

spīkārī (nominative singular)
spīkārijō (nominative plural)
spīkārijōs (nominative plural)
spīkārī (accusative singular)
spīkārijā (accusative plural)
spīkārijas (genitive singular)
spīkārijō (genitive plural)
spīkārijē (dative singular)
spīkārijum (dative plural)
spīkāriju (instrumental singular)
spīkārijum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: spīkāri

Middle Low German: spīker, spīkere

Low German: Spieker

Old Dutch: *spīkere

Middle Dutch: spiker

Dutch: spijker

Old High German: spīhhāri

Middle High German: spīcher

German: Speicher

Hunsrik: Speicher

Borrowed from Late Latin spīcārium, from spīca (“ear of grain”).


lēwō

lēwō (nominative singular)
lēwan (nominative plural)
lēwan (accusative singular)
lēwan (accusative plural)
lēwini (genitive singular)
lēwan (genitive singular)
lēwanō (genitive plural)
lēwini (dative singular)
lēwan (dative singular)
lēum (dative plural)
lēwini (instrumental singular)
lēwan (instrumental singular)
lēum (instrumental plural)

Old English: lēo

Old Frisian: *lēwa, *lēu, *lāwa, *lāu

North Frisian: lau, lööw

Saterland Frisian: Leeuwe

West Frisian: liuw

desc

Old Saxon: *lewo, *lēwo, *lēo, *lāwo, *lāo

Middle Low German: löuwe, lowe, lou, löe, louwe, lauwe, lewe, leuwe

German Low German:

Low Prussian: Lau

Plautdietsch: Leiw

Westphalian:

q

Sauerländisch: Loiwe, Loibe (Brilon), Löwe (Niedersfeld, Bestwig, Felbecke, Wenden), Löüwe (Attendorn, Drolshagen, Olpe)

East Westphalian: Löwen (Lippe), Lȫwe (Ravensberg)

→ Danish: løve
→ Greenlandic: løveq

→ Estonian: lõvi

→ Faroese: leyva, løva

→ Latgalian: ļovs

→ Latvian: lauva
→ Livonian: louv

→ Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: løve

Old Dutch: lēwo

desctree

Middle Dutch: lêwe
Dutch: leeuw
Afrikaans: leeu
Negerhollands: leeuw
→ Papiamentu: leeuw (dated)
→ Sranan Tongo: lew
Limburgish: lieëf, liew
West Flemish: lêeuw

Old High German: lewo, lēo

Middle High German: lewe, lebe, löuwe

Alemannic German: Leew, Löi

Bavarian:

Central Franconian:

Hunsrik: Leeb

Luxembourgish: Léiw

East Central German:

Upper Saxon German:

Vilamovian: ływ

East Franconian:

German: Löwe

Rhine Franconian: Leeb

Frankfurterisch: [leːp]

Pennsylvania German: Leeb

Yiddish: לייב (leyb)

Kölsch: Löv [ɫœf]

Borrowed from Latin leō (“lion”). Parallel borrowing with Old Norse león (“lion”), Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa, “lion”).


dreug

dreug (masculine nominative singular)
dreugu (feminine nominative singular)
dreug (neuter nominative singular)
dreuganā (accusative masculine singular)
dreugā (accusative feminine singular)
dreug (accusative neuter singular)
dreugas (genitive masculine singular)
dreugeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
dreugas (genitive neuter singular)
dreugumē (dative masculine singular)
dreugeʀē (dative feminine singular)
dreugumē (dative neuter singular)
dreugu (instrumental masculine singular)
dreugeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
dreugu (instrumental neuter singular)
dreugē (masculine nominative plural)
dreugō (feminine nominative plural)
dreugu (neuter nominative plural)
dreugā (accusative masculine plural)
dreugā (accusative feminine plural)
dreugu (accusative neuter plural)
dreugeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
dreugeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
dreugeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
dreugēm (dative masculine plural)
dreugum (dative masculine plural)
dreugēm (dative feminine plural)
dreugum (dative feminine plural)
dreugēm (dative neuter plural)
dreugum (dative neuter plural)
dreugēm (instrumental masculine plural)
dreugum (instrumental masculine plural)
dreugēm (feminine instrumental plural)
dreugum (feminine instrumental plural)
dreugēm (instrumental neuter plural)
dreugum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: *drēog, *drēoh (in compounds)

Middle English: dregh, dreȝ, dryȝ

English: dree, dreigh

Scots: dreich

Old Frisian:

Saterland Frisian: dreg

West Frisian: dreech


snaidijan

snaidijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
snaidijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
snaidijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
snaidijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
snaidiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
snaididā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
snaidisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
snaididēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
snaididōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
snaidiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
snaididē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
snaididā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
snaidijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
snaididum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
snaidiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
snaididud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
snaidijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
snaididun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
snaidijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
snaididī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
snaidijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
snaididī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
snaidijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
snaididī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
snaidijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
snaididīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
snaidijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
snaididīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
snaidijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
snaididīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
snaidi (class-1 present singular weak)
snaidiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
snaidijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
snaidid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: snǣdan

Middle English: *sneden

Scots: sned, sneed

⇒ Middle English: tosneden

Old Saxon: *snēdian

Middle Low German: snêden

German Low German: sneden

Old Dutch: *snēden

Middle Dutch: sneden

Old High German: sneiten

Middle High German: sneiten

desc

⇒ Middle High German: sneitelen, sneiteln

German: schneiteln, schneideln


sahsō

sahsō (nominative singular)
sahsan (nominative plural)
sahsan (accusative singular)
sahsan (accusative plural)
sahsini (genitive singular)
sahsan (genitive singular)
sahsanō (genitive plural)
sahsini (dative singular)
sahsan (dative singular)
sahsum (dative plural)
sahsini (instrumental singular)
sahsan (instrumental singular)
sahsum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *Seaxa (attested in plural Seaxan)

Middle English: Saxe, Sax; Saxon (partially)

Scots: Saxon

English: Saxon

Old Saxon: Sahso

Middle Low German: sasse

German Low German: Sasse

Dutch Low Saxon: Sakse

→ Estonian: saks

→ Finnish: Saksa, saksa

Old Dutch: *sasso

Middle Dutch: sassen pl

Old High German: Sahso

Middle High German: Sahse

German: Sachse

→ Old Norse: Saxi, Saxar (plural)

desctree

→ Latin: Saxō
Old French: saisoigne, sesne
Anglo-Norman: sessoun
→ Old French: Saxon (semi-learned)
→ Middle English: Saxoun
English: Saxon (partially)
→ Proto-Brythonic: *Sėɨs
Middle Breton: Saus
Breton: Saoz
Cumbric:
→ English: Pennersax
Middle Cornish: *Seys (attested in personal name)
Cornish: Sows
Middle Welsh: Seis
Welsh: Sais
→ Middle Irish: Saxa
→ Old Irish: Saxain
Middle Irish: Saxain
Irish: Sacsain, Sasana
Manx: Sostyn
Scottish Gaelic: Sasainn


haitijan

haitijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
haitijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
haitijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
haitijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
haitiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
haitidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
haitisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
haitidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haitidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haitiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
haitidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haitidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haitijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
haitidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
haitiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
haitidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
haitijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
haitidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
haitijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
haitidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
haitijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
haitidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
haitijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
haitidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
haitijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
haitidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
haitijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
haitidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
haitijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
haitidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
haiti (class-1 present singular weak)
haitiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
haitijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
haitid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hǣtan

Middle English: hēten

English: heat

Old Saxon: hētian

q

Middle Low German: hêten, heiten (conflated with the descendant of *haitēn)

Old Dutch: *hēten

Middle Dutch: hêten (conflated with the descendant of *haitēn)

Dutch: heten

desctree

Old High German: heizen
Middle High German: heizen
German: heizen
Yiddish: הייצן (heytsn)
Polish: hajcować

From Proto-Germanic *haitijaną. Equivalent to *hait (“hot”) + *-jan.


haitijō

tlb

(as the second element in compounds only)

haitijō (nominative singular)
haitijan (nominative plural)
haitijan (accusative singular)
haitijan (accusative plural)
haitijini (genitive singular)
haitijan (genitive singular)
haitijanō (genitive plural)
haitijini (dative singular)
haitijan (dative singular)
haitijum (dative plural)
haitijini (instrumental singular)
haitijan (instrumental singular)
haitijum (instrumental plural)

Old High German: -heizo

⇒ Old High German: antheizo

⇒ Old High German: heimaheizo

⇒ Old High German: heriheizo

⇒ Old High German: urheizo

From Proto-Germanic *haitijô. Equivalent to *haitan (“to call, order”) + *-jō.


wahsti

wahsti (nominative singular)
wahstī (nominative plural)
wahsti (accusative singular)
wahstī (accusative plural)
wahstī (genitive singular)
wahstijō (genitive plural)
wahstī (dative singular)
wahstim (dative plural)
wahstijum (dative plural)
wahstī (instrumental singular)
wahstim (instrumental plural)
wahstijum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: wehst

Old High German: wahst

Middle High German: wahst


skuldi

skuldi (nominative singular)
skuldī (nominative plural)
skuldi (accusative singular)
skuldī (accusative plural)
skuldī (genitive singular)
skuldijō (genitive plural)
skuldī (dative singular)
skuldim (dative plural)
skuldijum (dative plural)
skuldī (instrumental singular)
skuldim (instrumental plural)
skuldijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: sċyld, sċyldu

Middle English: schuld, shild

English: shild

Old Frisian: skeld

North Frisian: schild

Saterland Frisian: Skeeld

Old Saxon: skuld, sculd

desc

Middle Low German: schult, schuld, schülde

Low German: Schuld

German Low German: Schuld, Schüld

desctree

Old Dutch: skuld, scult
Middle Dutch: schult, schout
Dutch: schuld, schoud (dialectal)
Afrikaans: skuld
→ Sotho: sekoloto
→ Tswana: sekoloto
→ Zulu: isikweletu
Berbice Creole Dutch: skolo
Jersey Dutch: sxjilt
Negerhollands: skuld, skylt, schuild
→ Indonesian: kesalahan (semantic loan)
Limburgish: sjöldj

desc

Old High German: skuld, sculd, scult, sculda, sculta

Middle High German: schult, schulde

German: Schuld

→ Esperanto: ŝuldo

Luxembourgish: Schold

Yiddish: שולד (shuld)


andaward

andaward (masculine nominative singular)
andawardu (feminine nominative singular)
andaward (neuter nominative singular)
andawardanā (accusative masculine singular)
andawardā (accusative feminine singular)
andaward (accusative neuter singular)
andawardas (genitive masculine singular)
andawardeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
andawardas (genitive neuter singular)
andawardumē (dative masculine singular)
andawardeʀē (dative feminine singular)
andawardumē (dative neuter singular)
andawardu (instrumental masculine singular)
andawardeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
andawardu (instrumental neuter singular)
andawardē (masculine nominative plural)
andawardō (feminine nominative plural)
andawardu (neuter nominative plural)
andawardā (accusative masculine plural)
andawardā (accusative feminine plural)
andawardu (accusative neuter plural)
andawardeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
andawardeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
andawardeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
andawardēm (dative masculine plural)
andawardum (dative masculine plural)
andawardēm (dative feminine plural)
andawardum (dative feminine plural)
andawardēm (dative neuter plural)
andawardum (dative neuter plural)
andawardēm (instrumental masculine plural)
andawardum (instrumental masculine plural)
andawardēm (feminine instrumental plural)
andawardum (feminine instrumental plural)
andawardēm (instrumental neuter plural)
andawardum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Old English: andweard, andward, andwerd, andwurd, andwyrd
Middle English: andweard, aundward, anwerd

Old Saxon: andward

Old High German: antwart

From Proto-Germanic *andawardaz. Equivalent to *anda- + *ward (“toward”).


hakid

hakid (nominative singular)
hakidō (nominative plural)
hakidōs (nominative plural)
hakid (accusative singular)
hakidā (accusative plural)
hakidas (genitive singular)
hakidō (genitive plural)
hakidē (dative singular)
hakidum (dative plural)
hakidu (instrumental singular)
hakidum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hæċid, hæċed, hacod

Middle English: haket

English: haked, hakot (dialectal)

Old Saxon: hakth

Middle Low German: hēket, hēked

German Low German: Hecht

Plautdietsch: Häakj

Old Dutch: *hekit

Middle Dutch: heket, heect, eect, heict

Old High German: hehhit

Middle High German: hechet, hecht

German: Hecht

Luxembourgish: Hiecht

→ Medieval Latin: hakedus


wakr

wakr (masculine nominative singular)
wakkru (feminine nominative singular)
wakr (neuter nominative singular)
wakkranā (accusative masculine singular)
wakkrā (accusative feminine singular)
wakr (accusative neuter singular)
wakkras (genitive masculine singular)
wakkreʀā (feminine genitive singular)
wakkras (genitive neuter singular)
wakkrumē (dative masculine singular)
wakkreʀē (dative feminine singular)
wakkrumē (dative neuter singular)
wakkru (instrumental masculine singular)
wakkreʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
wakkru (instrumental neuter singular)
wakkrē (masculine nominative plural)
wakkrō (feminine nominative plural)
wakkru (neuter nominative plural)
wakkrā (accusative masculine plural)
wakkrā (accusative feminine plural)
wakkru (accusative neuter plural)
wakkreʀō (genitive masculine plural)
wakkreʀō (feminine genitive plural)
wakkreʀō (genitive neuter plural)
wakkrēm (dative masculine plural)
wakkrum (dative masculine plural)
wakkrēm (dative feminine plural)
wakkrum (dative feminine plural)
wakkrēm (dative neuter plural)
wakkrum (dative neuter plural)
wakkrēm (instrumental masculine plural)
wakkrum (instrumental masculine plural)
wakkrēm (feminine instrumental plural)
wakkrum (feminine instrumental plural)
wakkrēm (instrumental neuter plural)
wakkrum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: waccor, wacor

Middle English: wakyr

Scots: wakir

English: waker (dialectal)

Old Frisian: *wakker, *wekker

West Frisian: wekker

Old Saxon: *wakkar

Middle Low German: wacker

German Low German: wacker

Old Dutch: *wakkar

Middle Dutch: wacker

Dutch: wakker

Afrikaans: wakker

Old High German: wachar, wakar, wackar

Middle High German: wacker

German: wacker

From Proto-Germanic *wakraz. Equivalent to *wakkjan, *wakan (“to wake, be awake”) + *-r.


wargijan

wargijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
wargijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
wargijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
wargijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
wargiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wargidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wargisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wargidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wargidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wargiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wargidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wargidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wargijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wargidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
wargiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wargidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wargijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wargidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
wargijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wargidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wargijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wargidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wargijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wargidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wargijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wargidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
wargijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wargidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wargijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wargidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
wargi (class-1 present singular weak)
wargiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
wargijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
wargid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: wierġan, werġian, wirġean

desc

Middle English: werȝen, werien, warien, warrien

English: warry

Old Saxon: wargian

⇒ Old High German: furwergen

From Proto-Germanic *wargijaną. Equivalent to *warg (“outlaw, criminal”) + *-jan.


wargiþu

wargiþu (nominative singular)
wargiþō (nominative plural)
wargiþā (accusative singular)
wargiþā (accusative plural)
wargiþā (genitive singular)
wargiþō (genitive plural)
wargiþē (dative singular)
wargiþōm (dative plural)
wargiþum (dative plural)
wargiþu (instrumental singular)
wargiþōm (instrumental plural)
wargiþum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wiergþu, wyrgþu


hwarbijan

hwarbijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hwarbijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hwarbijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hwarbijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hwarbiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hwarbidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hwarbisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hwarbidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwarbidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwarbiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hwarbidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwarbidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwarbijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hwarbidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hwarbiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hwarbidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hwarbijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hwarbidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hwarbijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hwarbidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hwarbijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hwarbidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hwarbijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hwarbidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hwarbijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hwarbidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hwarbijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hwarbidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hwarbijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hwarbidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hwarbi (class-1 present singular weak)
hwarbiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hwarbijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hwarbid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hwierfan

Old Saxon: hwerbian

Old High German: werban


bargijan

bargijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
bargijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
bargijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
bargijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
bargiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
bargidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
bargisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
bargidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bargidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bargiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
bargidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
bargidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
bargijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
bargidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
bargiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
bargidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
bargijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
bargidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
bargijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
bargidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
bargijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
bargidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bargijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
bargidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
bargijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
bargidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
bargijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
bargidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
bargijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
bargidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
bargi (class-1 present singular weak)
bargiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
bargijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
bargid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: biergan, berġan — Anglian, birġan, byrġan — Late West Saxon, beorġan, berian, byriġan
Middle English: büriȝen

Old High German: *bergen

⇒ Old High German: bergita (“cake”)


harstijan

harstijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
harstijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
harstijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
harstijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
harstiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
harstidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
harstisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
harstidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
harstidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
harstiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
harstidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
harstidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
harstijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
harstidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
harstiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
harstidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
harstijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
harstidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
harstijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
harstidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
harstijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
harstidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
harstijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
harstidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
harstijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
harstidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
harstijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
harstidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
harstijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
harstidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
harsti (class-1 present singular weak)
harstiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
harstijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
harstid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hierstan, hyrstan

Middle English: hirsten

Old Saxon: *herstian

Middle Low German: harsten

Old Dutch: *hersten

Middle Dutch: hersten, harsten

Dutch: harsten

Old High German: hersten

Middle High German: hersten

Unknown; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“to burn”), perhaps cognate with Lithuanian kar̃šti (“to become hot”), Latvian kar̂st (“to become hot; to hurt”), and related to *herþ (“hearth”), hyrr (“fire”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌹 (hauri, “coal”).


skarpijan

skarpijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
skarpijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
skarpijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
skarpijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
skarpiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
skarpidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
skarpisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
skarpidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
skarpidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
skarpiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
skarpidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
skarpidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
skarpijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
skarpidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
skarpiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
skarpidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
skarpijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
skarpidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
skarpijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
skarpidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
skarpijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
skarpidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
skarpijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
skarpidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
skarpijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
skarpidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
skarpijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
skarpidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
skarpijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
skarpidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
skarpi (class-1 present singular weak)
skarpiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
skarpijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
skarpid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: sċierpan, sċyrpan, sċirpan, sċerpan
Middle English: scerpen, scharpen (merged with descendant of Old English sċearpian)
English: sharp
Scots: scherp, scharp

Old Saxon: skerpian

Middle Low German: scherpen, scharpen

German Low German: scharpen

Old Dutch: skerpen
Middle Dutch: scherpen
Dutch: scherpen
Limburgish: sjèrpe

Old High German: *skarpfen, *skerpfen

Middle High German: scherpfen, scherfen

German: schärfen

desc

⇒ Old High German: giskarpfen, *giskerpfen, giserpfen


warnijan

warnijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
warnijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
warnijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
warnijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
warniju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
warnidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
warnisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
warnidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
warnidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
warniþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
warnidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
warnidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
warnijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
warnidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
warniþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
warnidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
warnijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
warnidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
warnijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
warnidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
warnijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
warnidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
warnijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
warnidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
warnijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
warnidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
warnijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
warnidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
warnijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
warnidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
warni (class-1 present singular weak)
warniþ (class-1 plural present weak)
warnijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
warnid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: wiernan, weornan, wirnan, wyrnan
Middle English: wernen, warn, warne, werne, worne, wurne, wærnen, wearne, wearnen, weorne (Early Middle English) (through the Anglian form)

Old Frisian: werna

Old Saxon: wernian

Old Dutch: *wernen

Middle Dutch: wernen

Old High German: wernen

→ Vulgar Latin: *guarnīre

⇒ *guarnēscere

Asturian: guarnecer

Galician: gornecer, guarnecer

Portuguese: guarnecer

Spanish: guarnecer

Old French: guarnir, garnir, warnir (Anglo-Norman)
Middle French: garnir, guarnir
French: garnir (see there for further descendants)
→⇒ Middle English: garnysshen
English: garnish
Scots: gairnish

Italian: guarnire, guernire (archaic)

Old Leonese:

Asturian: guarnir

Old Occitan:

Catalan: guarnir

Old Galician-Portuguese: guarnir

Galician: gornir, guarnir

Portuguese: guarnir

Old Spanish:

Spanish: guarnir

From *warnu (“refusal, denial”) + *-jan.


wernēn

wernēn (infinitive)
wernēnijas (genitive infinitive)
wernēnijē (dative infinitive)
wernēniju (infinitive instrumental)
wernē (first-person present singular)
wern?dā (first-person past singular)
wernēs (present second-person singular)
wern?dēs (past second-person singular)
wernēþ (present singular third-person)
wern?dē (past singular third-person)
wern?dā (past singular third-person)
wernēm (first-person plural present)
wern?dum (first-person past plural)
wernēþ (plural present second-person)
wern?dud (past plural second-person)
wernēnþ (plural present third-person)
wern?dun (past plural third-person)
wern?dī (first-person past singular)
wern?dī (past second-person singular)
wernē (present singular third-person)
wern?dī (past singular third-person)
wern?dīm (first-person past plural)
wern?dīd (past plural second-person)
wernēn (plural present third-person)
wern?dīn (past plural third-person)
wernē (present singular)
wernēþ (plural present)
wernēndī (participle present)
wern?d (participle past)

Old English: weornian

Old Dutch: wernon
Middle Dutch: wernen

Old High German: wernēn


warnu

warnu (nominative singular)
warnō (nominative plural)
warnā (accusative singular)
warnā (accusative plural)
warnā (genitive singular)
warnō (genitive plural)
warnē (dative singular)
warnōm (dative plural)
warnum (dative plural)
warnu (instrumental singular)
warnōm (instrumental plural)
warnum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wearn

Middle English: warne

From Proto-Germanic *warnō, which either is from *warnōną or is the source thereof. In any case from an n-extension of Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to observe, keep watch, heed; to guard, warn”).


darnī

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

darnī (masculine nominative singular)
darniju (feminine nominative singular)
darnī (neuter nominative singular)
darnijanā (accusative masculine singular)
darnijā (accusative feminine singular)
darnī (accusative neuter singular)
darnijas (genitive masculine singular)
darnijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
darnijas (genitive neuter singular)
darnijumē (dative masculine singular)
darnijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
darnijumē (dative neuter singular)
darniju (instrumental masculine singular)
darnijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
darniju (instrumental neuter singular)
darnijē (masculine nominative plural)
darnijō (feminine nominative plural)
darniju (neuter nominative plural)
darnijā (accusative masculine plural)
darnijā (accusative feminine plural)
darniju (accusative neuter plural)
darnijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
darnijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
darnijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
darnijēm (dative masculine plural)
darnijum (dative masculine plural)
darnijēm (dative feminine plural)
darnijum (dative feminine plural)
darnijēm (dative neuter plural)
darnijum (dative neuter plural)
darnijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
darnijum (instrumental masculine plural)
darnijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
darnijum (feminine instrumental plural)
darnijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
darnijum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Old English: dierne, derne, dyrne
Middle English: derne, darne, durne
English: dern, dearn, darn
Scots: dern, darn

Old Frisian: *dern

⇒ Old Frisian: dernfiā

⇒ Old Frisian: dernlendenge

⇒ Old Frisian: dernsōne

Old Saxon: derni

Old High German: tarni

→ Old French: *terne

Middle French: terne

French: terne

Unknown; suggested to be related to *derk (“dirty, dark”) and perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).