See perwinkā in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for perwinkā meaning in Proto-West Germanic (3.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "perfince",
"3": "perwince"
},
"expansion": "Old English: perfince, perwince",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: perfince, perwince"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "perwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: perwinke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: perwinke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "berawinka",
"3": "berawinca",
"4": "berwinka"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: berawinka, berawinca, berwinka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: berawinka, berawinca, berwinka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "berewinke",
"3": "berwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: berewinke, berwinke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: berewinke, berwinke"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Beerwinck"
},
"expansion": "German: Beerwinck",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Beerwinck"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "barvínek",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: barvínek",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: barvínek (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin pervinca",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "pervenche"
},
"expansion": "Old French pervenche",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Italian pervinca",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Late Latin pervinca. Cognate with Old French pervenche, Italian pervinca. Continental Germanic forms corrupted by *berō (“bear”), found in *beranwurti (“bearwort, baldmoney”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-on",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*perwinkā f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-on"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/perwinkā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Middle English: pervyncle, peruynkkle",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "periwinkle"
},
{
"sense": "Old Saxon: *berawinkila, *beranwinkila; Middle Low German",
"word": "berwinkel"
},
{
"sense": "Old Saxon: *berawinkila, *beranwinkila; Middle Low German",
"word": "brunwinkel"
}
],
"glosses": [
"periwinkle"
],
"id": "en-perwinkā-gmw-pro-noun-beq1~YXg",
"links": [
[
"periwinkle",
"periwinkle"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "perwinkā"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Middle English: pervyncle, peruynkkle",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "periwinkle"
},
{
"sense": "Old Saxon: *berawinkila, *beranwinkila; Middle Low German",
"word": "berwinkel"
},
{
"sense": "Old Saxon: *berawinkila, *beranwinkila; Middle Low German",
"word": "brunwinkel"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "perfince",
"3": "perwince"
},
"expansion": "Old English: perfince, perwince",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: perfince, perwince"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "perwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: perwinke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: perwinke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "berawinka",
"3": "berawinca",
"4": "berwinka"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: berawinka, berawinca, berwinka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: berawinka, berawinca, berwinka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "berewinke",
"3": "berwinke"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: berewinke, berwinke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: berewinke, berwinke"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Beerwinck"
},
"expansion": "German: Beerwinck",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Beerwinck"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "barvínek",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: barvínek",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: barvínek (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin pervinca",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "pervenche"
},
"expansion": "Old French pervenche",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pervinca"
},
"expansion": "Italian pervinca",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Late Latin pervinca. Cognate with Old French pervenche, Italian pervinca. Continental Germanic forms corrupted by *berō (“bear”), found in *beranwurti (“bearwort, baldmoney”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-on",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pirwinkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*perwinkā f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-on"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/perwinkā",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms borrowed from Late Latin",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Late Latin",
"Proto-West Germanic ōn-stem nouns",
"gmw-pro:Gentianales order plants"
],
"glosses": [
"periwinkle"
],
"links": [
[
"periwinkle",
"periwinkle"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "perwinkā"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (6c02f21 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.