rannijan

rannijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
rannijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
rannijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
rannijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
ranniju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
rannidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
rannisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
rannidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
rannidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ranniþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
rannidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rannidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rannijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
rannidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
ranniþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
rannidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
rannijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
rannidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
rannijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
rannidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
rannijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
rannidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
rannijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
rannidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rannijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
rannidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
rannijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
rannidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
rannijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
rannidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
ranni (class-1 present singular weak)
ranniþ (class-1 plural present weak)
rannijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
rannid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *rennan, ærnan

Middle English: rennen

Old Frisian: renna

Old Saxon: rennian

Middle Low German: rennen

German Low German: rennen

Old Dutch: *rennan

Middle Dutch: rennen

Dutch: rennen

Afrikaans: ren

Old High German: rennan

Middle High German: rennen

German: rennen

desctree

→⇒ Old French: randir
Middle French: randir, raindir
Picard: randir
Norman: randir


glōdi

glōdi (nominative singular)
glōdī (nominative plural)
glōdi (accusative singular)
glōdī (accusative plural)
glōdī (genitive singular)
glōdijō (genitive plural)
glōdī (dative singular)
glōdim (dative plural)
glōdijum (dative plural)
glōdī (instrumental singular)
glōdim (instrumental plural)
glōdijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: glēd
Middle English: glede, gleede
English: glede, glead, gleed
Scots: gleed, gleid

Old Frisian: glōd, glēd

Saterland Frisian: Gloud

West Frisian: gloed

Old Saxon: glōd (in compounds: glōdpanna, glōdwelo, etc.)

Middle Low German: glōt

Low German: gloot

Plautdietsch: Gloot

⇒? German Low German: Gloor

Old Dutch: *gluod

Middle Dutch: gloet

Dutch: gloed
Afrikaans: gloed

Limburgish: glood

Old High German: gluot

Middle High German: gluot

Cimbrian: gluut

German: Glut


rōkijan

rōkijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
rōkijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
rōkijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
rōkijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
rōkiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
rōkidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
rōkisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
rōkidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
rōkidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
rōkiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
rōkidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rōkidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rōkijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
rōkidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
rōkiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
rōkidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
rōkijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
rōkidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
rōkijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
rōkidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
rōkijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
rōkidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
rōkijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
rōkidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rōkijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
rōkidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
rōkijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
rōkidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
rōkijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
rōkidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
rōki (class-1 present singular weak)
rōkiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
rōkijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
rōkid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: rēċan, rēċċan

Middle English: recchen

English: retch

Old Saxon: rōkian

Middle Low German: rôken, rûken

Low German: roken, ruken

Old Dutch: ruoken

Middle Dutch: roeken

Dutch: roeken (obsolete)

Old High German: ruohhen, ruochen

Middle High German: ruochen, rūchen

⇒ Old High German: giruohhen

Middle High German: geruochen

German: geruhen


drōbijan

drōbijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
drōbijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
drōbijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
drōbijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
drōbiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
drōbidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
drōbisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
drōbidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
drōbidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
drōbiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
drōbidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
drōbidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
drōbijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
drōbidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
drōbiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
drōbidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
drōbijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
drōbidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
drōbijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
drōbidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
drōbijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
drōbidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
drōbijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
drōbidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
drōbijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
drōbidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
drōbijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
drōbidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
drōbijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
drōbidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
drōbi (class-1 present singular weak)
drōbiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
drōbijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
drōbid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: drēfan
Middle English: dreven
English: dreve

Old Saxon: drōvian

Middle Low German: drōven

⇒ Middle Low German: bedrōven

→ Swedish: bedröva

→ Danish: bedrøve

Old Dutch: druoven
Middle Dutch: droeven
Dutch: droeven
Limburgish: dreuve, druueve

Old High German: truoben

Middle High German: trüeben

German: trüben

From Proto-Germanic *drōbijaną. Equivalent to *drōbī (“turbid”) + *-jan.


mōtijan

mōtijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
mōtijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
mōtijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
mōtijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
mōtiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
mōtidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
mōtisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
mōtidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
mōtidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
mōtiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
mōtidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
mōtidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
mōtijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
mōtidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
mōtiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
mōtidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
mōtijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
mōtidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
mōtijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
mōtidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
mōtijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
mōtidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
mōtijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
mōtidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
mōtijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
mōtidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
mōtijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
mōtidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
mōtijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
mōtidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
mōti (class-1 present singular weak)
mōtiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
mōtijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
mōtid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: mētan

Middle English: meten, meeten

Scots: met, mete, meit, meet

English: meet

Old Frisian: mēta

North Frisian: mete

Saterland Frisian: mäite

West Frisian: mette

Old Saxon: mōtian

Middle Low German: môten, mö̂ten

Low German: möten, bemöten

desc

⇒ Middle Low German: entmôten, entmö̂ten

Old Dutch: *muoten

Middle Dutch: moeten

Dutch: moeten

→ West Frisian: moetsje

Limburgish: mote

⇒ Middle Dutch: gemoeten

Dutch: gemoeten

⇒ Middle Dutch: ontmoeten, entmuten, untmuten

Dutch: ontmoeten

Old High German: muozen

Middle High German: muozen, muoten

⇒ Middle High German: *entmuozen, entmuoten

German: entmuten


mōþī

mōþī (masculine nominative singular)
mōþiju (feminine nominative singular)
mōþī (neuter nominative singular)
mōþijanā (accusative masculine singular)
mōþijā (accusative feminine singular)
mōþī (accusative neuter singular)
mōþijas (genitive masculine singular)
mōþijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
mōþijas (genitive neuter singular)
mōþijumē (dative masculine singular)
mōþijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
mōþijumē (dative neuter singular)
mōþiju (instrumental masculine singular)
mōþijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
mōþiju (instrumental neuter singular)
mōþijē (masculine nominative plural)
mōþijō (feminine nominative plural)
mōþiju (neuter nominative plural)
mōþijā (accusative masculine plural)
mōþijā (accusative feminine plural)
mōþiju (accusative neuter plural)
mōþijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
mōþijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
mōþijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
mōþijēm (dative masculine plural)
mōþijum (dative masculine plural)
mōþijēm (dative feminine plural)
mōþijum (dative feminine plural)
mōþijēm (dative neuter plural)
mōþijum (dative neuter plural)
mōþijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
mōþijum (instrumental masculine plural)
mōþijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
mōþijum (feminine instrumental plural)
mōþijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
mōþijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: mēþe

Old Frisian: mōthe

Saterland Frisian: moud

Old Saxon: mōthi

Middle Low German: möde

German Low German: mööd, mööi

Old Dutch: muothi

Middle Dutch: moede

Dutch: moede, moe

Afrikaans: moeg

Limburgish: meug

desctree

Old High German: muodi
Middle High German: müede, muode
Alemannic German: müed
Bavarian: miad
Central Franconian: möd, mööch, med, mied
Hunsrik: mied
Luxembourgish: midd
German: müde, müd
Rhine Franconian: miid
Pennsylvania German: mied
Yiddish: מיד (mid)

From Proto-Germanic *mōþaz + *-ī (adjective suffix).


jukkjan

jukkjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
jukkjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
jukkjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
jukkjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
jukkju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
jukidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
jukisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
jukidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
jukidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
jukiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
jukidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
jukidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
jukkjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
jukidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
jukiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
jukidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
jukkjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
jukidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
jukkjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
jukidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
jukkjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
jukidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
jukkjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
jukidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
jukkjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
jukidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
jukkjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
jukidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
jukkjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
jukidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
juki (class-1 present singular weak)
jukiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
jukkjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
jukid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ġyċċan, ġiċċan
Middle English: icchen, ycchen, ȝicchen, ȝitchen, ȝyken, ycken, ȝeken
English: itch, yuck, yuik (dialectal)
Scots: yeuk

Old Frisian: *jukkia, *jukja

Saterland Frisian: juukje

West Frisian: jûkje

Old Saxon: jukkian
Middle Low German: jücken, jöken
Low German: jöken, jocken
Plautdietsch: jäakjen

Old Dutch: *jukken, *juken

desc

Middle Dutch: jōken, juecken, jucken, jocken

desctree

Dutch: jeuken
Afrikaans: jeuk
Berbice Creole Dutch: juku
Negerhollands: joek

Old High German: jucchen, jukken, jucken
Middle High German: jucken, jücken
German: jucken (jücken)
→ Esperanto: juki
→ Swedish: jucka

Unknown; possibly related to Proto-Germanic *jukkōną (“to hop; to run”) (whence dialectal German jucken), or perhaps to Proto-Germanic *jeukāną (whence Gothic 𐌾𐌹𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (jiukan, “to fight, overcome”), Middle Low German jouchen (“to chase, drive”)), suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *yewǵH- (“to become restless”).

der

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache


fūsti

fūsti (nominative singular)
fūstī (nominative plural)
fūsti (accusative singular)
fūstī (accusative plural)
fūstī (genitive singular)
fūstijō (genitive plural)
fūstī (dative singular)
fūstim (dative plural)
fūstijum (dative plural)
fūstī (instrumental singular)
fūstim (instrumental plural)
fūstijum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: fȳst
Middle English: fist, fust, fest, feest, vest
English: fist
Scots: fist, fyst
Yola: hist, fest

Old Frisian: fēst, fest

North Frisian: fest

Saterland Frisian: Fäste

Old Saxon: fūst

Middle Low German: vûst

German Low German: Fuust

Low German: Fust

→ West Frisian: fûst

Old Dutch: *fūst

Middle Dutch: vuust

Dutch: vuist

Limburgish: voes

Old High German: fūst
Middle High German: fūst, vūst, voust
Alemannic German: Fuuscht, Pfuuscht
Bavarian: Faust
Cimbrian: vòista, bòista (Mezzaselva)
Central Franconian: Fuus, Faust
Hunsrik: Faust
Luxembourgish: Fauscht
German: Faust
Yiddish: פֿויסט (foyst)

Uncertain; presumably from Proto-Germanic *funstiz, possibly:
* dissimilated from earlier *funkstiz, from Proto-Indo-European *pu-n-ǵ-stí-s, from *pewǵ- (“to punch, poke”), whence Latin pugnus (“fist”),
* or from earlier *funhstiz, *funhwstiz, from Proto-Indo-European *pn̥kʷ-stí-s, from *pénkʷe (“five”).
Perhaps also cognate with Proto-Slavic *pę̑stь (“fist”).


gaframmjan

gaframmjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
gaframmjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
gaframmjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
gaframmjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
gaframmju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gaframidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gaframisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gaframidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gaframidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gaframiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gaframidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gaframidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gaframmjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gaframidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gaframiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gaframidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gaframmjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gaframidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gaframmjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gaframidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gaframmjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gaframidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gaframmjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gaframidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gaframmjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gaframidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gaframmjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gaframidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gaframmjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gaframidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gaframi (class-1 present singular weak)
gaframiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
gaframmjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
gaframid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ġefremman

Old High German: gifremmen


sadulōn

sadulōn (infinitive)
sadulōnijas (genitive infinitive)
sadulōnijē (dative infinitive)
sadulōniju (infinitive instrumental)
sadulō (first-person present singular)
sadulōdā (first-person past singular)
sadulōs (present second-person singular)
sadulōdēs (past second-person singular)
sadulōdōs (past second-person singular)
sadulōþ (present singular third-person)
sadulōdē (past singular third-person)
sadulōdā (past singular third-person)
sadulōm (first-person plural present)
sadulōdum (first-person past plural)
sadulōþ (plural present second-person)
sadulōdud (past plural second-person)
sadulōnþ (plural present third-person)
sadulōdun (past plural third-person)
sadulōdī (first-person past singular)
sadulōdī (past second-person singular)
sadulō (present singular third-person)
sadulōdī (past singular third-person)
sadulōdīm (first-person past plural)
sadulōdīd (past plural second-person)
sadulōn (plural present third-person)
sadulōdīn (past plural third-person)
sadulō (present singular)
sadulōþ (plural present)
sadulōndī (participle present)
sadulōd (participle past)

Old English: sadolian

desc

Middle English: sadelien, sadelen, sadlen

Scots: sadill, saidle

English: saddle

Old Frisian: *sadelia, *sālia

Saterland Frisian: soadelje

West Frisian: sealje

Old Saxon: *sadalōn

Middle Low German: sadelen

German Low German: sadeln

Old Dutch: *sadalon

Middle Dutch: sadelen

Dutch: zadelen

Old High German: satalōn

Middle High German: satelen

German: satteln

From Proto-Germanic *sadulōną. Equivalent to *sadul (“saddle”) + *-ōn.


kannijan

kannijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
kannijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
kannijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
kannijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
kanniju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
kannidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
kannisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
kannidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kannidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kanniþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
kannidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kannidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kannijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
kannidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
kanniþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
kannidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
kannijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
kannidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
kannijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
kannidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
kannijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
kannidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kannijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
kannidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kannijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
kannidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
kannijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
kannidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
kannijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
kannidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
kanni (class-1 present singular weak)
kanniþ (class-1 plural present weak)
kannijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
kannid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: cennan
Middle English: kennen, kenin
English: ken
Scots: ken
Yola: ee-kent (ppl.)

Old Frisian: kenna

West Frisian: kenne

Old Saxon: *kennian

Low German: kennen

Old Dutch: kennen
Middle Dutch: kennen
Dutch: kennen
Afrikaans: ken
Negerhollands: ken
Limburgish: kènne, kinne

Old High German: *kennen

Middle High German: kennen

Alemannic German: kenne

Bavarian: kenna

desc

Cimbrian: khennen, khénnan (Sette Comuni)

Mòcheno: kennen

Central Franconian: kenne

German: kennen

Luxembourgish: kennen

Pennsylvania German: kenne

Vilamovian: kenna

Yiddish: קענען (kenen)


hamiþi

hamiþi (nominative singular)
hamiþþju (nominative plural)
hamiþi (accusative singular)
hamiþþju (accusative plural)
hamiþþjas (genitive singular)
hamiþþjō (genitive plural)
hamiþþjē (dative singular)
hamiþþjum (dative plural)
hamiþþju (instrumental singular)
hamiþþjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hemeþe

Old Frisian: hemethe, hamethe, hamed

Saterland Frisian: Hamend

Saterland Frisian: Hoamd

West Frisian: himd

Old Saxon: hemithi

Middle Low German: hēmede, hemmede, hemet, heemde

German Low German: Hemd

Low German: hemd, hemde

Plautdietsch: Hamd

Old Dutch: *hemithi

Middle Dutch: hēmede, hemde

desctree

Dutch: hemd
Afrikaans: hemp (see there for further descendants)
Berbice Creole Dutch: hemdu
Jersey Dutch: häämt
Negerhollands: hemmede, hemmete, hemete
Skepi Creole Dutch: hemde
→ Lokono: hemede
→ Indonesian: hem (“shirt”)
→ Mahican: hámed
→ Munsee: héemput
→ Sranan Tongo: empi (see there for further descendants)
→ Unami: hèmpës
→ West Frisian: himd

Old High German: hemidi

Middle High German: hemede, hemde

desc

Central Franconian: Hemb, Himb, Himd (Moselle Franconian)

German: Hemd

Luxembourgish: Hiem

Yiddish: העמד (hemd)

→ Medieval Latin: camisia (see there for further descendants)

From *hamō (“binding, wrapping”) + *-iþi. Doublet of *kamisi (“tunic, shirt”).


atberan

atberan (infinitive)
atberannjas (genitive infinitive)
atberannjē (dative infinitive)
atberannju (infinitive instrumental)
atberu (first-person present singular)
atbar (first-person past singular)
atbiriʀi (present second-person singular)
atbārī (past second-person singular)
atbiridi (present singular third-person)
atbar (past singular third-person)
atberum (first-person plural present)
atbārum (first-person past plural)
atbirid (plural present second-person)
atbārud (past plural second-person)
atberand (plural present third-person)
atbārun (past plural third-person)
atberē (first-person present singular)
atbārī (first-person past singular)
atberēs (present second-person singular)
atberē (present singular third-person)
atbārī (past singular third-person)
atberēm (first-person plural present)
atbārīm (first-person past plural)
atberēþ (plural present second-person)
atbārīd (past plural second-person)
atberēn (plural present third-person)
atbārīn (past plural third-person)
atbir (present singular)
atbirid (plural present)
atberandī (participle present)
atboran (participle past)

Old English: ætberan

Middle English: atberen

From Proto-Germanic *atberaną. Equivalent to *at + *beran.

(Anglo-Frisian Germanic) to bear to, bring forward


gebul

gebul (masculine nominative singular)
gebulu (feminine nominative singular)
gebul (neuter nominative singular)
gebulanā (accusative masculine singular)
gebulā (accusative feminine singular)
gebul (accusative neuter singular)
gebulas (genitive masculine singular)
gebuleʀā (feminine genitive singular)
gebulas (genitive neuter singular)
gebulumē (dative masculine singular)
gebuleʀē (dative feminine singular)
gebulumē (dative neuter singular)
gebulu (instrumental masculine singular)
gebuleʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
gebulu (instrumental neuter singular)
gebulē (masculine nominative plural)
gebulō (feminine nominative plural)
gebulu (neuter nominative plural)
gebulā (accusative masculine plural)
gebulā (accusative feminine plural)
gebulu (accusative neuter plural)
gebuleʀō (genitive masculine plural)
gebuleʀō (feminine genitive plural)
gebuleʀō (genitive neuter plural)
gebulēm (dative masculine plural)
gebulum (dative masculine plural)
gebulēm (dative feminine plural)
gebulum (dative feminine plural)
gebulēm (dative neuter plural)
gebulum (dative neuter plural)
gebulēm (instrumental masculine plural)
gebulum (instrumental masculine plural)
gebulēm (feminine instrumental plural)
gebulum (feminine instrumental plural)
gebulēm (instrumental neuter plural)
gebulum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: ġioful, ġiefol, ġifol, ġefol, ġyfol

Old High German: *gebal

⇒ Old High German: gebalīh (perhaps from *geballīh?)

From Proto-Germanic *gebulaz. Equivalent to *geban + *-ul.


andawliti

andawliti (nominative singular)
andawlittju (nominative plural)
andawliti (accusative singular)
andawlittju (accusative plural)
andawlittjas (genitive singular)
andawlittjō (genitive plural)
andawlittjē (dative singular)
andawlittjum (dative plural)
andawlittju (instrumental singular)
andawlittjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: andwlita, andwlite (< *andawlitô)

Middle English: anlet, onlete

Old Saxon: *andwlitti, *andlitti

Middle Low German: antlitte (possibly borrowed from High German)

>? Low German: Antlaat

Old Dutch: antlito

Old High German: antlizzi

Middle High German: antlitze, antlütte, antlütze

German: Antlitz

From Proto-Germanic *andawlitją. Equivalent to *anda- (“facing”) + *wlītan (“to see, look”) + *-ī (abstract noun suffix).


uʀberan

uʀberan (infinitive)
uʀberannjas (genitive infinitive)
uʀberannjē (dative infinitive)
uʀberannju (infinitive instrumental)
uʀberu (first-person present singular)
uʀbar (first-person past singular)
uʀbiriʀi (present second-person singular)
uʀbārī (past second-person singular)
uʀbiridi (present singular third-person)
uʀbar (past singular third-person)
uʀberum (first-person plural present)
uʀbārum (first-person past plural)
uʀbirid (plural present second-person)
uʀbārud (past plural second-person)
uʀberand (plural present third-person)
uʀbārun (past plural third-person)
uʀberē (first-person present singular)
uʀbārī (first-person past singular)
uʀberēs (present second-person singular)
uʀberē (present singular third-person)
uʀbārī (past singular third-person)
uʀberēm (first-person plural present)
uʀbārīm (first-person past plural)
uʀberēþ (plural present second-person)
uʀbārīd (past plural second-person)
uʀberēn (plural present third-person)
uʀbārīn (past plural third-person)
uʀbir (present singular)
uʀbirid (plural present)
uʀberandī (participle present)
uʀboran (participle past)

Old English: āberan

Middle English: aberen

English: abear

Old High German: irberan

Middle High German: erbërn

German: erbären

From Proto-Germanic *uzberaną. Equivalent to *uʀ- + *beran.


unþaberan

unþaberan (infinitive)
unþaberannjas (genitive infinitive)
unþaberannjē (dative infinitive)
unþaberannju (infinitive instrumental)
unþaberu (first-person present singular)
unþabar (first-person past singular)
unþabiriʀi (present second-person singular)
unþabārī (past second-person singular)
unþabiridi (present singular third-person)
unþabar (past singular third-person)
unþaberum (first-person plural present)
unþabārum (first-person past plural)
unþabirid (plural present second-person)
unþabārud (past plural second-person)
unþaberand (plural present third-person)
unþabārun (past plural third-person)
unþaberē (first-person present singular)
unþabārī (first-person past singular)
unþaberēs (present second-person singular)
unþaberē (present singular third-person)
unþabārī (past singular third-person)
unþaberēm (first-person plural present)
unþabārīm (first-person past plural)
unþaberēþ (plural present second-person)
unþabārīd (past plural second-person)
unþaberēn (plural present third-person)
unþabārīn (past plural third-person)
unþabir (present singular)
unþabirid (plural present)
unþaberandī (participle present)
unþaboran (participle past)

Old English: ōþberan

Old Saxon: *undberan, *andberan

desc

Middle Low German: untberen, entbēren, enbēren

→? Danish: undväre

→? Old Swedish: umbæra

Swedish: umbära

Old Dutch: *antberan

Middle Dutch: ontbēren, umbēren

Dutch: ontberen

Old High German: inberan

Middle High German: enbern

German: entbehren

From *unþa- (“away”) + *beran (“to carry, bear”).


fraberan

fraberan (infinitive)
fraberannjas (genitive infinitive)
fraberannjē (dative infinitive)
fraberannju (infinitive instrumental)
fraberu (first-person present singular)
frabar (first-person past singular)
frabiriʀi (present second-person singular)
frabārī (past second-person singular)
frabiridi (present singular third-person)
frabar (past singular third-person)
fraberum (first-person plural present)
frabārum (first-person past plural)
frabirid (plural present second-person)
frabārud (past plural second-person)
fraberand (plural present third-person)
frabārun (past plural third-person)
fraberē (first-person present singular)
frabārī (first-person past singular)
fraberēs (present second-person singular)
fraberē (present singular third-person)
frabārī (past singular third-person)
fraberēm (first-person plural present)
frabārīm (first-person past plural)
fraberēþ (plural present second-person)
frabārīd (past plural second-person)
fraberēn (plural present third-person)
frabārīn (past plural third-person)
frabir (present singular)
frabirid (plural present)
fraberandī (participle present)
fraboran (participle past)

desctree

Old English: forberan
Middle English: forberen
English: forbear
Scots: forbere, forbeir

Old Frisian: forbera

⇒ Old Frisian: forbernisse

Old Saxon: *farberan

desc

⇒ Middle Low German: vorbörnisse, vörbȫrnisse

Old Dutch: *farberan

⇒ Middle Dutch: verboornisse, verbeurnisse

Old High German: *farberan, *firberan, ferberan

Middle High German: verbërn

Cimbrian: vorbèeran

From Proto-Germanic *fraberaną. Equivalent to *fra- + *beran.

to hold back or keep away (from); restrain or refrain (oneself) from


gaberan

gaberan (infinitive)
gaberannjas (genitive infinitive)
gaberannjē (dative infinitive)
gaberannju (infinitive instrumental)
gaberu (first-person present singular)
gabar (first-person past singular)
gabiriʀi (present second-person singular)
gabārī (past second-person singular)
gabiridi (present singular third-person)
gabar (past singular third-person)
gaberum (first-person plural present)
gabārum (first-person past plural)
gabirid (plural present second-person)
gabārud (past plural second-person)
gaberand (plural present third-person)
gabārun (past plural third-person)
gaberē (first-person present singular)
gabārī (first-person past singular)
gaberēs (present second-person singular)
gaberē (present singular third-person)
gabārī (past singular third-person)
gaberēm (first-person plural present)
gabārīm (first-person past plural)
gaberēþ (plural present second-person)
gabārīd (past plural second-person)
gaberēn (plural present third-person)
gabārīn (past plural third-person)
gabir (present singular)
gabirid (plural present)
gaberandī (participle present)
gaboran (participle past)

Old English: ġeberan

Middle English: ȝeberen, iberen

(Scots: bere, beir)

(English: bear)

Old Saxon: giberan

Middle Low German: gebēren

→ North Frisian: gebeure

→ Saterland Frisian: gebääre

Old High German: giberan

Middle High German: gebërn

German: gebären

Luxembourgish: gebären

From Proto-Germanic *gaberaną. Equivalent to *ga- + *beran.


bedulōn

bedulōn (infinitive)
bedulōnijas (genitive infinitive)
bedulōnijē (dative infinitive)
bedulōniju (infinitive instrumental)
bedulō (first-person present singular)
bedulōdā (first-person past singular)
bedulōs (present second-person singular)
bedulōdēs (past second-person singular)
bedulōdōs (past second-person singular)
bedulōþ (present singular third-person)
bedulōdē (past singular third-person)
bedulōdā (past singular third-person)
bedulōm (first-person plural present)
bedulōdum (first-person past plural)
bedulōþ (plural present second-person)
bedulōdud (past plural second-person)
bedulōnþ (plural present third-person)
bedulōdun (past plural third-person)
bedulōdī (first-person past singular)
bedulōdī (past second-person singular)
bedulō (present singular third-person)
bedulōdī (past singular third-person)
bedulōdīm (first-person past plural)
bedulōdīd (past plural second-person)
bedulōn (plural present third-person)
bedulōdīn (past plural third-person)
bedulō (present singular)
bedulōþ (plural present)
bedulōndī (participle present)
bedulōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *bedelia

Saterland Frisian: böädelje, bäädelje

West Frisian: biddelje

Old Saxon: *bedalon

Middle Low German: bedelen

German Low German: bedeln

desctree

Old Dutch: *bedalon
Middle Dutch: bēdelen
Dutch: bedelen
Afrikaans: bedel
Berbice Creole Dutch: bedle
Negerhollands: beddel
Limburgish: baedele

Old High German: betalōn

Middle High German: betelen

German: betteln

From *bedul (“given to asking, suppliant”) + *-ōn.


swārēn

swārēn (infinitive)
swārēnijas (genitive infinitive)
swārēnijē (dative infinitive)
swārēniju (infinitive instrumental)
swārē (first-person present singular)
swār?dā (first-person past singular)
swārēs (present second-person singular)
swār?dēs (past second-person singular)
swārēþ (present singular third-person)
swār?dē (past singular third-person)
swār?dā (past singular third-person)
swārēm (first-person plural present)
swār?dum (first-person past plural)
swārēþ (plural present second-person)
swār?dud (past plural second-person)
swārēnþ (plural present third-person)
swār?dun (past plural third-person)
swār?dī (first-person past singular)
swār?dī (past second-person singular)
swārē (present singular third-person)
swār?dī (past singular third-person)
swār?dīm (first-person past plural)
swār?dīd (past plural second-person)
swārēn (plural present third-person)
swār?dīn (past plural third-person)
swārē (present singular)
swārēþ (plural present)
swārēndī (participle present)
swār?d (participle past)

Old Frisian: swēria

West Frisian: swierje

Old Saxon: *swāron

Middle Low German: swāren

Old Dutch: *swāron

q

Middle Dutch: swâren (merged with the descendant of *swārijan)

Dutch: zwaren (archaic)

Old High German: swārēn

Middle High German: swāren

⇒ Old High German: anairswārēn

From Proto-Germanic *swērāną. Equivalent to *swār (“heavy”) + *-ēn.


swartēn

swartēn (infinitive)
swartēnijas (genitive infinitive)
swartēnijē (dative infinitive)
swartēniju (infinitive instrumental)
swartē (first-person present singular)
swart?dā (first-person past singular)
swartēs (present second-person singular)
swart?dēs (past second-person singular)
swartēþ (present singular third-person)
swart?dē (past singular third-person)
swart?dā (past singular third-person)
swartēm (first-person plural present)
swart?dum (first-person past plural)
swartēþ (plural present second-person)
swart?dud (past plural second-person)
swartēnþ (plural present third-person)
swart?dun (past plural third-person)
swart?dī (first-person past singular)
swart?dī (past second-person singular)
swartē (present singular third-person)
swart?dī (past singular third-person)
swart?dīm (first-person past plural)
swart?dīd (past plural second-person)
swartēn (plural present third-person)
swart?dīn (past plural third-person)
swartē (present singular)
swartēþ (plural present)
swartēndī (participle present)
swart?d (participle past)

Old English: sweartian

Middle English: swarten

English: swart

Old Frisian: *swartia

West Frisian: swartsje

desctree

Old Dutch: *swarton
Middle Dutch: swarten
Dutch: zwarten

Old High German: swarzēn

Middle High German: swarzen

⇒ Old High German: irswarzēn


swartōn

swartōn (infinitive)
swartōnijas (genitive infinitive)
swartōnijē (dative infinitive)
swartōniju (infinitive instrumental)
swartō (first-person present singular)
swartōdā (first-person past singular)
swartōs (present second-person singular)
swartōdēs (past second-person singular)
swartōdōs (past second-person singular)
swartōþ (present singular third-person)
swartōdē (past singular third-person)
swartōdā (past singular third-person)
swartōm (first-person plural present)
swartōdum (first-person past plural)
swartōþ (plural present second-person)
swartōdud (past plural second-person)
swartōnþ (plural present third-person)
swartōdun (past plural third-person)
swartōdī (first-person past singular)
swartōdī (past second-person singular)
swartō (present singular third-person)
swartōdī (past singular third-person)
swartōdīm (first-person past plural)
swartōdīd (past plural second-person)
swartōn (plural present third-person)
swartōdīn (past plural third-person)
swartō (present singular)
swartōþ (plural present)
swartōndī (participle present)
swartōd (participle past)

Old English: sweartian

Middle English: swarten

English: swart

Old Frisian: *swartia

West Frisian: swartsje

Old Saxon: *swartōn

Middle Low German: swarten

From Proto-Germanic *swartōną. Equivalent to *swart (“black”) + *-ōn.


aldijan

aldijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
aldijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
aldijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
aldijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
aldiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
aldidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
aldisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
aldidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
aldidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
aldiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
aldidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
aldidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
aldijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
aldidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
aldiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
aldidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
aldijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
aldidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
aldijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
aldidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
aldijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
aldidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
aldijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
aldidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
aldijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
aldidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
aldijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
aldidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
aldijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
aldidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
aldi (class-1 present singular weak)
aldiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
aldijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
aldid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ieldan

Old High German: elten


aldī

aldī (nominative singular)
aldīn (accusative singular)
aldīn (genitive singular)
aldīn (dative singular)
aldīn (instrumental singular)

Old English: ieldu, yldo

Middle English: elde

Scots: eild, eeld

English: eld

Old Frisian: elde

North Frisian: jelde

West Frisian: jeld

Old Saxon: eldī

Middle Low German: olde

Old Dutch: aldi, eldi

Middle Dutch: oude, elde

Dutch: oude

West Flemish: elde

Old High German: altī, eltī

Middle High German: elte

German: Älte (dialectal)

From Proto-Germanic *alþį̄. Equivalent to *ald (“old”) + *-ī (abstract noun suffix).


ą̄htijan

ą̄htijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
ą̄htijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
ą̄htijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
ą̄htijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
ą̄htiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
ą̄htidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
ą̄htisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
ą̄htidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ą̄htidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ą̄htiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
ą̄htidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ą̄htidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ą̄htijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
ą̄htidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
ą̄htiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
ą̄htidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
ą̄htijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
ą̄htidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
ą̄htijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
ą̄htidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
ą̄htijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
ą̄htidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ą̄htijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
ą̄htidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ą̄htijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
ą̄htidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
ą̄htijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
ą̄htidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
ą̄htijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
ą̄htidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
ą̄hti (class-1 present singular weak)
ą̄htiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
ą̄htijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
ą̄htid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ēhtan

Middle English: eghten

Old Frisian: echta

Old Saxon: āhtian, *ēhtian

Middle Low German: âchten, êchten

Old Dutch: āhten, ēhten, āhton

Old High German: āhten

Middle High German: āhten, æhten

German: ächten


warmijan

warmijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
warmijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
warmijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
warmijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
warmiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
warmidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
warmisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
warmidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
warmidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
warmiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
warmidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
warmidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
warmijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
warmidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
warmiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
warmidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
warmijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
warmidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
warmijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
warmidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
warmijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
warmidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
warmijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
warmidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
warmijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
warmidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
warmijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
warmidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
warmijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
warmidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
warmi (class-1 present singular weak)
warmiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
warmijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
warmid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: wierman

Old Saxon: wermian

Old Dutch: *wermen

Middle Dutch: wermen, warmen

Dutch: warmen

Old High German: wermen

Middle High German: wermen

German: wärmen

Hunsrik: wäärme

Luxembourgish: wiermen

From Proto-Germanic *warmijaną. Equivalent to *warm (“warm”) + *-jan.


skurt

skurt (masculine nominative singular)
skurtu (feminine nominative singular)
skurt (neuter nominative singular)
skortanā (accusative masculine singular)
skortā (accusative feminine singular)
skurt (accusative neuter singular)
skortas (genitive masculine singular)
skurteʀā (feminine genitive singular)
skortas (genitive neuter singular)
skurtumē (dative masculine singular)
skurteʀē (dative feminine singular)
skurtumē (dative neuter singular)
skurtu (instrumental masculine singular)
skurteʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
skurtu (instrumental neuter singular)
skurtē (masculine nominative plural)
skortō (feminine nominative plural)
skurtu (neuter nominative plural)
skortā (accusative masculine plural)
skortā (accusative feminine plural)
skurtu (accusative neuter plural)
skurteʀō (genitive masculine plural)
skurteʀō (feminine genitive plural)
skurteʀō (genitive neuter plural)
skurtēm (dative masculine plural)
skurtum (dative masculine plural)
skurtēm (dative feminine plural)
skurtum (dative feminine plural)
skurtēm (dative neuter plural)
skurtum (dative neuter plural)
skurtēm (instrumental masculine plural)
skurtum (instrumental masculine plural)
skurtēm (feminine instrumental plural)
skurtum (feminine instrumental plural)
skurtēm (instrumental neuter plural)
skurtum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: sċort, sċeort

Middle English: schort

English: short

→ French: short

→ Vietnamese: soóc

Scots: schort, short

Old Frisian: *skort

Old High German: scurt, scurz

Middle High German: schurz

⇒ German: Schurz (nominalized)


halþijan

halþijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
halþijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
halþijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
halþijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
halþiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
halþidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
halþisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
halþidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
halþidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
halþiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
halþidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
halþidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
halþijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
halþidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
halþiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
halþidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
halþijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
halþidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
halþijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
halþidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
halþijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
halþidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
halþijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
halþidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
halþijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
halþidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
halþijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
halþidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
halþijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
halþidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
halþi (class-1 present singular weak)
halþiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
halþijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
halþid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: hieldan

Middle English: helden

English: hield

English: heel

Yola: hyle

Old Saxon: *heldian

Middle Low German: helden, hellen

Old Dutch: *helden

Middle Dutch: helden

Dutch: hellen (d reinterpreted as an ending)

Old High German: helden

Middle High German: helden


waltijan

waltijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
waltijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
waltijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
waltijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
waltiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
waltidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
waltisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
waltidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
waltidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
waltiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
waltidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
waltidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
waltijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
waltidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
waltiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
waltidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
waltijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
waltidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
waltijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
waltidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
waltijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
waltidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
waltijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
waltidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
waltijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
waltidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
waltijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
waltidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
waltijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
waltidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
walti (class-1 present singular weak)
waltiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
waltijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
waltid (class-1 participle past weak)

desc

Old English: wæltan, weltan, *wieltan, wyltan, wiltan

Middle English: welten, walten

Scots: welt, walt

English: welt, walt

Old Saxon: weltian

Middle Low German: walten, wölten; walteren, wolteren

German Low German: weltern, wältern

Old High German: welzen

Middle High German: welzen

German: wälzen


skakan

skakan (infinitive)
skakannjas (genitive infinitive)
skakannjē (dative infinitive)
skakannju (infinitive instrumental)
skaku (first-person present singular)
skōk (first-person past singular)
skakiʀi (present second-person singular)
skōkī (past second-person singular)
skakidi (present singular third-person)
skōk (past singular third-person)
skakum (first-person plural present)
skōkum (first-person past plural)
skakid (plural present second-person)
skōkud (past plural second-person)
skakand (plural present third-person)
skōkun (past plural third-person)
skakē (first-person present singular)
skōkī (first-person past singular)
skakēs (present second-person singular)
skakē (present singular third-person)
skōkī (past singular third-person)
skakēm (first-person plural present)
skōkīm (first-person past plural)
skakēþ (plural present second-person)
skōkīd (past plural second-person)
skakēn (plural present third-person)
skōkīn (past plural third-person)
skak (present singular)
skakid (plural present)
skakandī (participle present)
skakan (participle past)

Old English: sċacan, sċeacan

Middle English: schaken

English: shake

Scots: schake, schaik, schack

Old Frisian: skeka

>? Saterland Frisian: skädje

West Frisian: schaekjen, schaakje, schaekje (obsolete)

Old Saxon: skakan

Middle Low German: *schaken

Low German: schaken

Old Dutch: *skakan

Middle Dutch: schāken

Dutch: schaken


swarjan

swarjan (infinitive)
swarjannjas (genitive infinitive)
swarjannjē (dative infinitive)
swarjannju (infinitive instrumental)
swarju (first-person present singular)
swōr (first-person past singular)
swariʀi (present second-person singular)
swōrī (past second-person singular)
swaridi (present singular third-person)
swōr (past singular third-person)
swarjum (first-person plural present)
swōrum (first-person past plural)
swarid (plural present second-person)
swōrud (past plural second-person)
swarjand (plural present third-person)
swōrun (past plural third-person)
swarjē (first-person present singular)
swōrī (first-person past singular)
swarjēs (present second-person singular)
swarjē (present singular third-person)
swōrī (past singular third-person)
swarjēm (first-person plural present)
swōrīm (first-person past plural)
swarjēþ (plural present second-person)
swōrīd (past plural second-person)
swarjēn (plural present third-person)
swōrīn (past plural third-person)
swari (present singular)
swarid (plural present)
swarjandī (participle present)
swaran (participle past)

desctree

Old English: swerian, swarian
Middle English: swerien, sweren
English: swear
Scots: swer, swere, sweir

Old Frisian: swera, swara
Saterland Frisian: swere
West Frisian: swarre

Old Saxon: swerian
Middle Low German: sweren
Low German: swören, sweren

Old Dutch: sweren, *swerien

Middle Dutch: swēren, swerren
Dutch: zweren
Afrikaans: sweer
Negerhollands: sweer
Limburgish: zwaere

Old High German: sweren, swerien, swerren
Middle High German: swern
Alemannic German: schwere
German: schwören
Luxembourgish: schwieren


fallijan

fallijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
fallijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
fallijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
fallijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
falliju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fallidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fallisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fallidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fallidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
falliþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fallidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fallidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fallijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fallidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
falliþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fallidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fallijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fallidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fallijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fallidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fallijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fallidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fallijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fallidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fallijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fallidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fallijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fallidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fallijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fallidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
falli (class-1 present singular weak)
falliþ (class-1 plural present weak)
fallijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
fallid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: fellan, fiellan

Middle English: fellen

Scots: fell

English: fell

Old Frisian: fella, falla

West Frisian: falle

Old Saxon: fellian

Middle Low German: vellen

Low German: fällen

Old Dutch: *fellen

Middle Dutch: vellen

Dutch: vellen

Afrikaans: vel

Old High German: fellen

Middle High German: vellen

German: fällen


skurtēn

skurtēn (infinitive)
skurtēnijas (genitive infinitive)
skurtēnijē (dative infinitive)
skurtēniju (infinitive instrumental)
skurtē (first-person present singular)
skurt?dā (first-person past singular)
skurtēs (present second-person singular)
skurt?dēs (past second-person singular)
skurtēþ (present singular third-person)
skurt?dē (past singular third-person)
skurt?dā (past singular third-person)
skurtēm (first-person plural present)
skurt?dum (first-person past plural)
skurtēþ (plural present second-person)
skurt?dud (past plural second-person)
skurtēnþ (plural present third-person)
skurt?dun (past plural third-person)
skurt?dī (first-person past singular)
skurt?dī (past second-person singular)
skurtē (present singular third-person)
skurt?dī (past singular third-person)
skurt?dīm (first-person past plural)
skurt?dīd (past plural second-person)
skurtēn (plural present third-person)
skurt?dīn (past plural third-person)
skurtē (present singular)
skurtēþ (plural present)
skurtēndī (participle present)
skurt?d (participle past)

Old English: scortian

Old Frisian: skorta

Old Saxon: *skortōn

Middle Low German: schorten, schörten

German Low German: schörten

Old Dutch: *scorton
Middle Dutch: schorten
Dutch: schorten

From Proto-Germanic *skurtāną. Equivalent to *skurt (“short, lacking”) + *-ēn.


getul

getul (masculine nominative singular)
getulu (feminine nominative singular)
getul (neuter nominative singular)
getulanā (accusative masculine singular)
getulā (accusative feminine singular)
getul (accusative neuter singular)
getulas (genitive masculine singular)
getuleʀā (feminine genitive singular)
getulas (genitive neuter singular)
getulumē (dative masculine singular)
getuleʀē (dative feminine singular)
getulumē (dative neuter singular)
getulu (instrumental masculine singular)
getuleʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
getulu (instrumental neuter singular)
getulē (masculine nominative plural)
getulō (feminine nominative plural)
getulu (neuter nominative plural)
getulā (accusative masculine plural)
getulā (accusative feminine plural)
getulu (accusative neuter plural)
getuleʀō (genitive masculine plural)
getuleʀō (feminine genitive plural)
getuleʀō (genitive neuter plural)
getulēm (dative masculine plural)
getulum (dative masculine plural)
getulēm (dative feminine plural)
getulum (dative feminine plural)
getulēm (dative neuter plural)
getulum (dative neuter plural)
getulēm (instrumental masculine plural)
getulum (instrumental masculine plural)
getulēm (feminine instrumental plural)
getulum (feminine instrumental plural)
getulēm (instrumental neuter plural)
getulum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: *ġeotol, *ġitol

⇒ Old English: andġitol

⇒ Old English: oferġeotol, oferġitol

⇒ Old Dutch: *afgetali

Old High German: *gezzal

⇒ Old High German: āgezzal

Middle High German: āgezzel

⇒ Old High German: abgezzal

From Proto-Germanic *getulaz. Equivalent to *getan + *-ul.

tending to get, acquisitive, prone to acquisition


hauhalīk

hauhalīk (masculine nominative singular)
hauhalīku (feminine nominative singular)
hauhalīk (neuter nominative singular)
hauhalīkanā (accusative masculine singular)
hauhalīkā (accusative feminine singular)
hauhalīk (accusative neuter singular)
hauhalīkas (genitive masculine singular)
hauhalīkeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
hauhalīkas (genitive neuter singular)
hauhalīkumē (dative masculine singular)
hauhalīkeʀē (dative feminine singular)
hauhalīkumē (dative neuter singular)
hauhalīku (instrumental masculine singular)
hauhalīkeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
hauhalīku (instrumental neuter singular)
hauhalīkē (masculine nominative plural)
hauhalīkō (feminine nominative plural)
hauhalīku (neuter nominative plural)
hauhalīkā (accusative masculine plural)
hauhalīkā (accusative feminine plural)
hauhalīku (accusative neuter plural)
hauhalīkeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
hauhalīkeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
hauhalīkeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
hauhalīkēm (dative masculine plural)
hauhalīkum (dative masculine plural)
hauhalīkēm (dative feminine plural)
hauhalīkum (dative feminine plural)
hauhalīkēm (dative neuter plural)
hauhalīkum (dative neuter plural)
hauhalīkēm (instrumental masculine plural)
hauhalīkum (instrumental masculine plural)
hauhalīkēm (feminine instrumental plural)
hauhalīkum (feminine instrumental plural)
hauhalīkēm (instrumental neuter plural)
hauhalīkum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: hēaliċ, hēahliċ

Middle English: heighlī

Old Frisian: hâchlik, hâlik

Old High German: hōhlīh

Middle High German: hōchlich

German: höchlich (archaic)

From Proto-Germanic *hauhalīkaz. Equivalent to *hauh + *-līk.


aiginōn

aiginōn (infinitive)
aiginōnijas (genitive infinitive)
aiginōnijē (dative infinitive)
aiginōniju (infinitive instrumental)
aiginō (first-person present singular)
aiginōdā (first-person past singular)
aiginōs (present second-person singular)
aiginōdēs (past second-person singular)
aiginōdōs (past second-person singular)
aiginōþ (present singular third-person)
aiginōdē (past singular third-person)
aiginōdā (past singular third-person)
aiginōm (first-person plural present)
aiginōdum (first-person past plural)
aiginōþ (plural present second-person)
aiginōdud (past plural second-person)
aiginōnþ (plural present third-person)
aiginōdun (past plural third-person)
aiginōdī (first-person past singular)
aiginōdī (past second-person singular)
aiginō (present singular third-person)
aiginōdī (past singular third-person)
aiginōdīm (first-person past plural)
aiginōdīd (past plural second-person)
aiginōn (plural present third-person)
aiginōdīn (past plural third-person)
aiginō (present singular)
aiginōþ (plural present)
aiginōndī (participle present)
aiginōd (participle past)

Old English: āgnian
Middle English: ahnien (early)

Old Saxon: *ēginon

Middle Low German: ēgenen

Old Dutch: *eiginon
Middle Dutch: eigenen
Dutch: eigenen
Afrikaans: eien

Old High German: *eiganōn

Middle High German: eigenen

German: eignen

⇒ Old High German: gieiganōn

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *aiginōną. Equivalent to *aigan (“own”) + *-ōn.


aiʀēn

aiʀēn (infinitive)
aiʀēnijas (genitive infinitive)
aiʀēnijē (dative infinitive)
aiʀēniju (infinitive instrumental)
aiʀē (first-person present singular)
aiʀ?dā (first-person past singular)
aiʀēs (present second-person singular)
aiʀ?dēs (past second-person singular)
aiʀēþ (present singular third-person)
aiʀ?dē (past singular third-person)
aiʀ?dā (past singular third-person)
aiʀēm (first-person plural present)
aiʀ?dum (first-person past plural)
aiʀēþ (plural present second-person)
aiʀ?dud (past plural second-person)
aiʀēnþ (plural present third-person)
aiʀ?dun (past plural third-person)
aiʀ?dī (first-person past singular)
aiʀ?dī (past second-person singular)
aiʀē (present singular third-person)
aiʀ?dī (past singular third-person)
aiʀ?dīm (first-person past plural)
aiʀ?dīd (past plural second-person)
aiʀēn (plural present third-person)
aiʀ?dīn (past plural third-person)
aiʀē (present singular)
aiʀēþ (plural present)
aiʀēndī (participle present)
aiʀ?d (participle past)

Old English: ārian
Middle English: oren, aren, arenn (Ormulum)

Old Frisian: āria, ēria

Saterland Frisian: eere

West Frisian: eare

Old Saxon: ērōn

Middle Low German: êren

German Low German: ehren

Old Dutch: ēron
Middle Dutch: ēren
Dutch: eren
Afrikaans: eer
Limburgish: ieëre

Old High German: ērēn

Middle High German: ēren

German: ehren

From Proto-Germanic *aizāną. Equivalent to *aiʀ (“honour”) + *-ēn.


swaigijan

swaigijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
swaigijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
swaigijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
swaigijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
swaigiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
swaigidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
swaigisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
swaigidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
swaigidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
swaigiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
swaigidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
swaigidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
swaigijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
swaigidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
swaigiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
swaigidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
swaigijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
swaigidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
swaigijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
swaigidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
swaigijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
swaigidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
swaigijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
swaigidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
swaigijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
swaigidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
swaigijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
swaigidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
swaigijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
swaigidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
swaigi (class-1 present singular weak)
swaigiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
swaigijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
swaigid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old High German: sweigen

Middle High German: sweigen


swīgēn

swīgēn (infinitive)
swīgēnijas (genitive infinitive)
swīgēnijē (dative infinitive)
swīgēniju (infinitive instrumental)
swīgē (first-person present singular)
swīg?dā (first-person past singular)
swīgēs (present second-person singular)
swīg?dēs (past second-person singular)
swīgēþ (present singular third-person)
swīg?dē (past singular third-person)
swīg?dā (past singular third-person)
swīgēm (first-person plural present)
swīg?dum (first-person past plural)
swīgēþ (plural present second-person)
swīg?dud (past plural second-person)
swīgēnþ (plural present third-person)
swīg?dun (past plural third-person)
swīg?dī (first-person past singular)
swīg?dī (past second-person singular)
swīgē (present singular third-person)
swīg?dī (past singular third-person)
swīg?dīm (first-person past plural)
swīg?dīd (past plural second-person)
swīgēn (plural present third-person)
swīg?dīn (past plural third-person)
swīgē (present singular)
swīgēþ (plural present)
swīgēndī (participle present)
swīg?d (participle past)

Old English: swīgian, swīgan, sweogian, sweowian, swugian, swuwian, sugian, suwian
Middle English: swīen

Old Frisian: swīgia

West Frisian: swije

Old Saxon: swīgon
Middle Low German: swîgen
Low German: swiegen

Old Dutch: *swīgon
Middle Dutch: swigen
Dutch: zwijgen
Limburgish: zwiege

Old High German: swīgēn

Middle High German: swīgen

Central Franconian: schwijje, schweie

German: schweigen

Yiddish: שווײַגן (shvaygn)

From *swīgā (“silence”) or *swīgī (“silent”) + *-ēn.


swīgā

swīgā (nominative singular)
swīgōn (nominative plural)
swīgōn (accusative singular)
swīgōn (accusative plural)
swīgōn (genitive singular)
swīgōnō (genitive plural)
swīgōn (dative singular)
swīgōm (dative plural)
swīgum (dative plural)
swīgōn (instrumental singular)
swīgōm (instrumental plural)
swīgum (instrumental plural)

Old English: swīge
Middle English: swyȝe, swiȝe, swige

Old High German: swīga

Unknown; possibly cognate with Ancient Greek σῖγα (sîga, “silently”), σιγᾶν (sigân, “be silent”), σιγή (sigḗ, “silence”), from earlier *σϝίγ- (*swíg-), forgoing the expected change *sw- > *hw-, perhaps then from Proto-Indo-European *sweyHg-, however this is disputed. Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to decline”), whence *dwīnan ~ *swīnan (“to dwindle, fade away”).


wahtwēn

wahtwēn (infinitive)
wahtwēnijas (genitive infinitive)
wahtwēnijē (dative infinitive)
wahtwēniju (infinitive instrumental)
wahtwē (first-person present singular)
wahtw?dā (first-person past singular)
wahtwēs (present second-person singular)
wahtw?dēs (past second-person singular)
wahtwēþ (present singular third-person)
wahtw?dē (past singular third-person)
wahtw?dā (past singular third-person)
wahtwēm (first-person plural present)
wahtw?dum (first-person past plural)
wahtwēþ (plural present second-person)
wahtw?dud (past plural second-person)
wahtwēnþ (plural present third-person)
wahtw?dun (past plural third-person)
wahtw?dī (first-person past singular)
wahtw?dī (past second-person singular)
wahtwē (present singular third-person)
wahtw?dī (past singular third-person)
wahtw?dīm (first-person past plural)
wahtw?dīd (past plural second-person)
wahtwēn (plural present third-person)
wahtw?dīn (past plural third-person)
wahtwē (present singular)
wahtwēþ (plural present)
wahtwēndī (participle present)
wahtw?d (participle past)

Old Frisian: wachtia

North Frisian: wachtje

Saterland Frisian: wachtje

West Frisian: wachtje, wachtsje

Old Saxon: *wahtōn

Middle Low German: wachten

German Low German: wachten

→ Old Norse: vakta

Icelandic: vakta

Swedish: vakta

desctree

Old Dutch: *wahton
Middle Dutch: wachten
Dutch: wachten
→ Middle English: *waughten, waften
English: waft
Scots: waft

Old High German: wahtēn
Middle High German: wachten
German: wachten (dialectal)

→ Italo-Romance:

Italian: guatare

→ Padanian:

Piedmontese:

Occidental: vaité

Oriental: vacé

→ Northern Gallo-Romance:

desc

Franco-Provençal: gouétar, agouétar, gouétiér

→ Old French: gaiter, guaitier, gaitier, guaiter, gueter, waiter, waitier

Middle French: gaitier, gaiter, guetier, guetter

French: guetter

→ Middle English: wayten, waiten

English: wait

Asturian: guetar

→ Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: aguaitar

Catalan: aguaitar, guaitar, agoitar, goitar

Old Occitan: guaitar

Occitan: gaitar, agaitar, gachar, agachar

güeitar, agüeitar, aüeitar

→ Medieval Latin: wactō, gaitō, guaitō, guaytō


faimnijā

faimnijā (nominative singular)
faimnijōn (nominative plural)
faimnijōn (accusative singular)
faimnijōn (accusative plural)
faimnijōn (genitive singular)
faimnijōnō (genitive plural)
faimnijōn (dative singular)
faimnijōm (dative plural)
faimnijum (dative plural)
faimnijōn (instrumental singular)
faimnijōm (instrumental plural)
faimnijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: fǣmne

Old Frisian: fāmne, fēmne, fomne, fonna, fovne, fone

North Frisian: faamen, fomen, foomen, faamel, fømel

→ Middle Low German: fâmele

Saterland Frisian: Fauene, Fauende

West Frisian: feem, faam, faamne

→ Middle English: fonne (possibly)

English: fun, fond

→ Middle Low German: *fonne, *fone

German Low German: Foon


skaiþiju

skaiþiju (nominative singular)
skaiþijō (nominative plural)
skaiþijā (accusative singular)
skaiþijā (accusative plural)
skaiþijā (genitive singular)
skaiþijō (genitive plural)
skaiþijē (dative singular)
skaiþijōm (dative plural)
skaiþijum (dative plural)
skaiþiju (instrumental singular)
skaiþijōm (instrumental plural)
skaiþijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: sċēaþ

Middle English: shethe, sheth, schethe, scheth

English: sheath, sheathe

Old Frisian: skēthe

Old Saxon: sceitha

Low German: scheed

Old Dutch: *skētha

Middle Dutch: schêde

Dutch: schede

Afrikaans: skede

Old High German: sceida, skaida

Middle High German: scheide

German: Scheide

Hunsrik: Scheed

Luxembourgish: Scheed

Yiddish: שייד (sheyd)


aihti

aihti (nominative singular)
aihtī (nominative plural)
aihti (accusative singular)
aihtī (accusative plural)
aihtī (genitive singular)
aihtijō (genitive plural)
aihtī (dative singular)
aihtim (dative plural)
aihtijum (dative plural)
aihtī (instrumental singular)
aihtim (instrumental plural)
aihtijum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: ǣht
Middle English: aught, ought
English: aught, ought
Scots: aucht

Old Saxon: ēht
⇒ Old Saxon: *frēht (prefixed with *fra-)
Middle Low German: vracht
German Low German: fracht
→ Middle Dutch: vracht
Dutch: vracht
Afrikaans: vrag
→ Danish: fragt
→ English: freight, fraught (possibly via Middle Dutch)
→ German: Fracht
→ Gutnish: frakt
→ Norwegian: frakt (possibly via Middle Dutch)
→ Swedish: frakt

Old Dutch: *ēht

⇒ Old Dutch: *frēht

Middle Dutch: vrecht

Old High German: ēht


stainīn

stainīn (masculine nominative singular)
stainīnu (feminine nominative singular)
stainīn (neuter nominative singular)
stainīnanā (accusative masculine singular)
stainīnā (accusative feminine singular)
stainīn (accusative neuter singular)
stainīnas (genitive masculine singular)
stainīneʀā (feminine genitive singular)
stainīnas (genitive neuter singular)
stainīnumē (dative masculine singular)
stainīneʀē (dative feminine singular)
stainīnumē (dative neuter singular)
stainīnu (instrumental masculine singular)
stainīneʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
stainīnu (instrumental neuter singular)
stainīnē (masculine nominative plural)
stainīnō (feminine nominative plural)
stainīnu (neuter nominative plural)
stainīnā (accusative masculine plural)
stainīnā (accusative feminine plural)
stainīnu (accusative neuter plural)
stainīneʀō (genitive masculine plural)
stainīneʀō (feminine genitive plural)
stainīneʀō (genitive neuter plural)
stainīnēm (dative masculine plural)
stainīnum (dative masculine plural)
stainīnēm (dative feminine plural)
stainīnum (dative feminine plural)
stainīnēm (dative neuter plural)
stainīnum (dative neuter plural)
stainīnēm (instrumental masculine plural)
stainīnum (instrumental masculine plural)
stainīnēm (feminine instrumental plural)
stainīnum (feminine instrumental plural)
stainīnēm (instrumental neuter plural)
stainīnum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: stǣnen

Middle English: stenen, stonen

English: stonen

Old Frisian: stēnen

Old Saxon: *stēnin

Middle Low German: stênen

German Low German: stenen

Old Dutch: *stēnin

Middle Dutch: stênen

Dutch: stenen

Old High German: steinīn

Middle High German: steinīn

German: steinen (archaic)

From Proto-Germanic *stainīnaz. Equivalent to *stain (“stone”) + *-īn.


laistijan

laistijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
laistijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
laistijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
laistijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
laistiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
laistidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
laistisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
laistidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laistidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laistiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
laistidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laistidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laistijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
laistidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
laistiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
laistidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
laistijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
laistidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
laistijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
laistidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
laistijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
laistidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laistijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
laistidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laistijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
laistidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
laistijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
laistidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
laistijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
laistidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
laisti (class-1 present singular weak)
laistiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
laistijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
laistid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: lǣstan

Middle English: lasten, lesten

English: last

Scots: lest

Old Frisian: lāsta, lēsta
North Frisian: laste

Old Saxon: lēstian

Middle Low German: lêsten, leisten

German Low German: leisten

Old Dutch: *lēsten

Middle Dutch: lêesten

Dutch: leesten

Old High German: leisten

Middle High German: leisten

German: leisten

Luxembourgish: leeschten

From Proto-Germanic *laistijaną. Equivalent to *laist (“a track, trace; footprint”) + *-jan.


furbēn

furbēn (infinitive)
furbēnijas (genitive infinitive)
furbēnijē (dative infinitive)
furbēniju (infinitive instrumental)
furbē (first-person present singular)
furb?dā (first-person past singular)
furbēs (present second-person singular)
furb?dēs (past second-person singular)
furbēþ (present singular third-person)
furb?dē (past singular third-person)
furb?dā (past singular third-person)
furbēm (first-person plural present)
furb?dum (first-person past plural)
furbēþ (plural present second-person)
furb?dud (past plural second-person)
furbēnþ (plural present third-person)
furb?dun (past plural third-person)
furb?dī (first-person past singular)
furb?dī (past second-person singular)
furbē (present singular third-person)
furb?dī (past singular third-person)
furb?dīm (first-person past plural)
furb?dīd (past plural second-person)
furbēn (plural present third-person)
furb?dīn (past plural third-person)
furbē (present singular)
furbēþ (plural present)
furbēndī (participle present)
furb?d (participle past)

desc

Old English: *feorbian, *feorfian, feormian

Middle English: fermen

English: farm (“to cleanse, clean or clear out, empty”)

Old Saxon: furbian, furvian

Old High German: furbēn

Middle High German: vurben, vürben

German: fürben

desctree

→ Old French: forbir, fourbir, furbir
Middle French: foubir
French: fourbir
→ Middle English: furbisshen
English: furbish

Uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *prep- (“to appear”), or perhaps Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“to clean”), cognate with Hittite 𒈦𒆪𒉿𒀭𒍣 (pár-ku-wa-an-zi /parkuwanzi/, “to make clean, to clear”).


laidijan

laidijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
laidijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
laidijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
laidijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
laidiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
laididā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
laidisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
laididēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laididōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laidiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
laididē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laididā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laidijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
laididum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
laidiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
laididud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
laidijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
laididun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
laidijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
laididī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
laidijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
laididī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
laidijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
laididī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
laidijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
laididīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
laidijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
laididīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
laidijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
laididīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
laidi (class-1 present singular weak)
laidiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
laidijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
laidid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: lǣdan

Middle English: leden

Scots: lede, leid

English: lead

Old Frisian: lēda

Saterland Frisian: leede, lede

West Frisian: liede

Old Saxon: lēdian

Middle Low German: lêden, leiden

German Low German: leden, leiden

desctree

Old Dutch: leiden
Middle Dutch: leiden
Dutch: leiden
Afrikaans: lei
Limburgish: leide, leie, lèèje

Old High German: leiten

Middle High German: leiten

German: leiten

Luxembourgish: leeden


saiwi

saiwi (nominative singular)
saiwī (nominative plural)
saiwi (accusative singular)
saiwī (accusative plural)
saiwī (genitive singular)
saiwijō (genitive plural)
saiwī (dative singular)
saiwim (dative plural)
saiwijum (dative plural)
saiwī (instrumental singular)
saiwim (instrumental plural)
saiwijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: sǣ f or m
Middle English: see, ce, sæ, se, sea, sei, ze
English: sea
Scots: se, see, sey, seye, sie
Yola: zea, zee

Old Frisian: sē

North Frisian: see

Saterland Frisian: See, Säi

West Frisian: see

Old Saxon: sēo m, sēu
Middle Low German: sê
German Low German: See
Plautdietsch: See

Old Dutch: sēo m
Middle Dutch: sêe f or m
Dutch: zee f
Afrikaans: see
Berbice Creole Dutch: sei
Javindo: see
Negerhollands: see
→ Saramaccan: zé
→ Sranan Tongo: se
Limburgish: zieë f
West Flemish: zji m or f, zêe

Old High German: sēo m
Middle High German: sē m (rarely f)
Bavarian:
Cimbrian: sea
Mòcheno: sea
German: See m (“lake”), See f (“sea”) (latter in part from Low German)
Luxembourgish: Séi


līþan

līþan (infinitive)
līþannjas (genitive infinitive)
līþannjē (dative infinitive)
līþannju (infinitive instrumental)
līþu (first-person present singular)
laiþ (first-person past singular)
līþiʀi (present second-person singular)
lidī (past second-person singular)
līþidi (present singular third-person)
laiþ (past singular third-person)
līþum (first-person plural present)
lidum (first-person past plural)
līþid (plural present second-person)
lidud (past plural second-person)
līþand (plural present third-person)
lidun (past plural third-person)
līþē (first-person present singular)
lidī (first-person past singular)
līþēs (present second-person singular)
līþē (present singular third-person)
lidī (past singular third-person)
līþēm (first-person plural present)
lidīm (first-person past plural)
līþēþ (plural present second-person)
lidīd (past plural second-person)
līþēn (plural present third-person)
lidīn (past plural third-person)
līþ (present singular)
līþid (plural present)
līþandī (participle present)
lidan (participle past)

Old English: līþan

Middle English: liþen (early)

Old Frisian: lītha

Saterland Frisian: liede

West Frisian: lyen, lye, lit, lije

Old Saxon: līthan

Middle Low German: lîden

German Low German: lieden

Old Dutch: līthan
Middle Dutch: liden
Dutch: lijden
Afrikaans: ly
Negerhollands: lyd, lyden, lijden, leiden
Limburgish: lieje

Old High German: līdan

Middle High German: līden

Alemannic German: liide, lide

German: leiden

Hunsrik: leide

Luxembourgish: leiden


blādrā

blādrā (nominative singular)
blādrōn (nominative plural)
blādrōn (accusative singular)
blādrōn (accusative plural)
blādrōn (genitive singular)
blādrōnō (genitive plural)
blādrōn (dative singular)
blādrōm (dative plural)
blādrum (dative plural)
blādrōn (instrumental singular)
blādrōm (instrumental plural)
blādrum (instrumental plural)

Old English: blǣdre, blæddre

desc

Middle English: bladdre, bladder, bledder

English: bladder

Old Saxon: *blādra

Middle Low German: blāder

German Low German: Bladder

Old Dutch: *blādara

Middle Dutch: blâdere, blâder, blâer

Dutch: blaar

Afrikaans: blaar

Limburgish: blaor

Old High German: blātara

Middle High German: blātere

German: Blatter

Luxembourgish: Bloder


stokōn

stokōn (infinitive)
stokōnijas (genitive infinitive)
stokōnijē (dative infinitive)
stokōniju (infinitive instrumental)
stokō (first-person present singular)
stokōdā (first-person past singular)
stokōs (present second-person singular)
stokōdēs (past second-person singular)
stokōdōs (past second-person singular)
stokōþ (present singular third-person)
stokōdē (past singular third-person)
stokōdā (past singular third-person)
stokōm (first-person plural present)
stokōdum (first-person past plural)
stokōþ (plural present second-person)
stokōdud (past plural second-person)
stokōnþ (plural present third-person)
stokōdun (past plural third-person)
stokōdī (first-person past singular)
stokōdī (past second-person singular)
stokō (present singular third-person)
stokōdī (past singular third-person)
stokōdīm (first-person past plural)
stokōdīd (past plural second-person)
stokōn (plural present third-person)
stokōdīn (past plural third-person)
stokō (present singular)
stokōþ (plural present)
stokōndī (participle present)
stokōd (participle past)

>? Old English: *stocian

Middle English: stoken (possibly a borrowing)

English: stoke

Old Saxon: *stokon

Middle Low German: stōken, stȫken, stöcken

⇒ German Low German: stökeln; stökern

Old Dutch: *stokon

Middle Dutch: stōken

Dutch: stoken

Afrikaans: stook

→ Old French: estoquer; estochier

Middle French: estoquer

French: estoquer

Spanish: estoquear

>? Old High German: *stohhōn

>? Middle High German: *stochen

q

German: stochen (since 15th c., possibly from Low German)

⇒ German: stochern


dauwēn

dauwēn (infinitive)
dauwēnijas (genitive infinitive)
dauwēnijē (dative infinitive)
dauwēniju (infinitive instrumental)
dauwē (first-person present singular)
dauw?dā (first-person past singular)
dauwēs (present second-person singular)
dauw?dēs (past second-person singular)
dauwēþ (present singular third-person)
dauw?dē (past singular third-person)
dauw?dā (past singular third-person)
dauwēm (first-person plural present)
dauw?dum (first-person past plural)
dauwēþ (plural present second-person)
dauw?dud (past plural second-person)
dauwēnþ (plural present third-person)
dauw?dun (past plural third-person)
dauw?dī (first-person past singular)
dauw?dī (past second-person singular)
dauwē (present singular third-person)
dauw?dī (past singular third-person)
dauw?dīm (first-person past plural)
dauw?dīd (past plural second-person)
dauwēn (plural present third-person)
dauw?dīn (past plural third-person)
dauwē (present singular)
dauwēþ (plural present)
dauwēndī (participle present)
dauw?d (participle past)

Old English: *dēawian

desctree

Middle English: dewyn, dewe, dewey, dæwwenn
English: dew

Old Frisian: dauwa

Saterland Frisian: daue

Old Dutch: *douwon
Middle Dutch: douwen, dauwen
Dutch: dauwen

Old High German: touwēn

Middle High German: touwen

German: tauen

From Proto-Germanic *dawwāną. Equivalent to *dauw (“moisture, dew”) + *-ēn.


slīpan

slīpan (infinitive)
slīpannjas (genitive infinitive)
slīpannjē (dative infinitive)
slīpannju (infinitive instrumental)
slīpu (first-person present singular)
slaip (first-person past singular)
slīpiʀi (present second-person singular)
slipī (past second-person singular)
slīpidi (present singular third-person)
slaip (past singular third-person)
slīpum (first-person plural present)
slipum (first-person past plural)
slīpid (plural present second-person)
slipud (past plural second-person)
slīpand (plural present third-person)
slipun (past plural third-person)
slīpē (first-person present singular)
slipī (first-person past singular)
slīpēs (present second-person singular)
slīpē (present singular third-person)
slipī (past singular third-person)
slīpēm (first-person plural present)
slipīm (first-person past plural)
slīpēþ (plural present second-person)
slipīd (past plural second-person)
slīpēn (plural present third-person)
slipīn (past plural third-person)
slīp (present singular)
slīpid (plural present)
slīpandī (participle present)
slipan (participle past)

Old Frisian: slīpa

West Frisian: slypje

Old Saxon: *slīpan

Middle Low German: slîpen

Low German: sliepen

→ Swedish: slipa

→ Finnish: liipata

Old Dutch: *slīpan
Middle Dutch: slipen
Dutch: slijpen
Afrikaans: slyp
Limburgish: sliepe

Old High German: slīfan

German: schleifen


slaipijan

slaipijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
slaipijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
slaipijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
slaipijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
slaipiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
slaipidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
slaipisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
slaipidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
slaipidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
slaipiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
slaipidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
slaipidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
slaipijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
slaipidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
slaipiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
slaipidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
slaipijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
slaipidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
slaipijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
slaipidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
slaipijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
slaipidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
slaipijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
slaipidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
slaipijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
slaipidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
slaipijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
slaipidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
slaipijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
slaipidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
slaipi (class-1 present singular weak)
slaipiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
slaipijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
slaipid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: slēpa

West Frisian: slepe

Old Saxon: *slēpian

Middle Low German: slêpen

→ Middle High German: slepen

German: schleppen

Yiddish: שלעפּן (shlepn)
→ English: schlep

→ Norwegian: slepe

→ Swedish: släpa

→ Danish: slæbe

Old Dutch: *slēpen

Middle Dutch: slêpen

Dutch: slepen

Limburgish: sleipe

Old High German: sleifen

Alemannic German: schleipfe

German: schleifen

→ Danish: sløjfe


dusēn

dusēn (infinitive)
dusēnijas (genitive infinitive)
dusēnijē (dative infinitive)
dusēniju (infinitive instrumental)
dusē (first-person present singular)
dus?dā (first-person past singular)
dusēs (present second-person singular)
dus?dēs (past second-person singular)
dusēþ (present singular third-person)
dus?dē (past singular third-person)
dus?dā (past singular third-person)
dusēm (first-person plural present)
dus?dum (first-person past plural)
dusēþ (plural present second-person)
dus?dud (past plural second-person)
dusēnþ (plural present third-person)
dus?dun (past plural third-person)
dus?dī (first-person past singular)
dus?dī (past second-person singular)
dusē (present singular third-person)
dus?dī (past singular third-person)
dus?dīm (first-person past plural)
dus?dīd (past plural second-person)
dusēn (plural present third-person)
dus?dīn (past plural third-person)
dusē (present singular)
dusēþ (plural present)
dusēndī (participle present)
dus?d (participle past)

Old English: *dusian, *dosian (possibly from Old Norse dusa or dúsa)

Middle English: *dosen

English: doze, dose

Old Frisian: dusia

⇒ Old Frisian: dusinge

Old Saxon: *dusian, *dosian

desc

Middle Low German: dusen, dǖsen, dosen, deusen

Low German: dösen, dussen, dusken

→ German: dösen

⇒ Middle Low German: bedǖsen

Low German: bedösen, bedussen

→ German: bedösen

⇒ Middle Low German: dǖsinge

Old High German:

Middle High German: tûzen, dôsen (the last a loan from Low German?)

⇒ Middle High German: verdôsen

⇒ German: bedützen


armiþu

armiþu (nominative singular)
armiþō (nominative plural)
armiþā (accusative singular)
armiþā (accusative plural)
armiþā (genitive singular)
armiþō (genitive plural)
armiþē (dative singular)
armiþōm (dative plural)
armiþum (dative plural)
armiþu (instrumental singular)
armiþōm (instrumental plural)
armiþum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: iermþu, iermþ, yrmþ, irmþ, ermþ, ermþu, eormþu, earmþu
Middle English: armthe
English: armth

Old Frisian: ermithe, ermthe

Old High German: armida

Middle High German: ermede, ermde

German: Ärmde (dialectal)


armijan

armijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
armijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
armijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
armijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
armiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
armidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
armisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
armidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
armidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
armiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
armidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
armidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
armijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
armidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
armiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
armidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
armijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
armidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
armijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
armidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
armijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
armidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
armijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
armidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
armijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
armidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
armijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
armidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
armijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
armidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
armi (class-1 present singular weak)
armiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
armijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
armid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: ierman, yrman

Middle English: ermen

Old High German: armen, ermen

Middle High German: armen, ermen

German: armen

Switzerland German: ärmen

From Proto-Germanic *armijaną. Equivalent to *arm + *-jan.


armōdī

armōdī (nominative singular)
armōdiju (nominative plural)
armōdī (accusative singular)
armōdiju (accusative plural)
armōdijas (genitive singular)
armōdijō (genitive plural)
armōdijē (dative singular)
armōdijum (dative plural)
armōdiju (instrumental singular)
armōdijum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: *ermmōd

⇒ Old Frisian: ermmōdich

Old Saxon: armōdi

Middle Low German: armōde, armōde

→ Danish: armod

Old Dutch: *armodi

Middle Dutch: armode, armoede

Dutch: armoede

Afrikaans: armoede

Limburgish: ermood, ermeuj

Old High German: armuoti, armmuoti

desc

Middle High German: armuote, ermuote, armet, ermet

German: Armut

Hunsrik: Aarmut

From Proto-Germanic *armōdiją. Equivalent to *arm (“alm”) + *-ōdī.


mistil

mistil (nominative singular)
mistilō (nominative plural)
mistilōs (nominative plural)
mistil (accusative singular)
mistilā (accusative plural)
mistilas (genitive singular)
mistilō (genitive plural)
mistilē (dative singular)
mistilum (dative plural)
mistilu (instrumental singular)
mistilum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: mistel
Middle English: mistel, mistell, mystil, mystill, mystyl
English: mistle
Scots: misle

Old Frisian: *mistel

West Frisian: mistel

Old Saxon: mistil

Middle Low German: mistel

German Low German: Mistel

⇒ Plautdietsch: Mistelplaunt

Old Dutch: *mistil

Middle Dutch: mistel

Dutch: mistel

Old High German: mistil

Middle High German: mistel

German: Mistel


armōst

armōst (masculine nominative singular)
armōstu (feminine nominative singular)
armōst (neuter nominative singular)
armōstanā (accusative masculine singular)
armōstā (accusative feminine singular)
armōst (accusative neuter singular)
armōstas (genitive masculine singular)
armōsteʀā (feminine genitive singular)
armōstas (genitive neuter singular)
armōstumē (dative masculine singular)
armōsteʀē (dative feminine singular)
armōstumē (dative neuter singular)
armōstu (instrumental masculine singular)
armōsteʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
armōstu (instrumental neuter singular)
armōstē (masculine nominative plural)
armōstō (feminine nominative plural)
armōstu (neuter nominative plural)
armōstā (accusative masculine plural)
armōstā (accusative feminine plural)
armōstu (accusative neuter plural)
armōsteʀō (genitive masculine plural)
armōsteʀō (feminine genitive plural)
armōsteʀō (genitive neuter plural)
armōstēm (dative masculine plural)
armōstum (dative masculine plural)
armōstēm (dative feminine plural)
armōstum (dative feminine plural)
armōstēm (dative neuter plural)
armōstum (dative neuter plural)
armōstēm (instrumental masculine plural)
armōstum (instrumental masculine plural)
armōstēm (feminine instrumental plural)
armōstum (feminine instrumental plural)
armōstēm (instrumental neuter plural)
armōstum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: earmost

Old Saxon: armost

Old Dutch: *armost

Middle Dutch: armst

Dutch: armst

superlative degree of *arm (“poorest, most miserable”)


jehan

jehan (infinitive)
jehannjas (genitive infinitive)
jehannjē (dative infinitive)
jehannju (infinitive instrumental)
jehu (first-person present singular)
jah (first-person past singular)
jihiʀi (present second-person singular)
jāgī (past second-person singular)
jihidi (present singular third-person)
jah (past singular third-person)
jehum (first-person plural present)
jāgum (first-person past plural)
jihid (plural present second-person)
jāgud (past plural second-person)
jehand (plural present third-person)
jāgun (past plural third-person)
jehē (first-person present singular)
jāgī (first-person past singular)
jehēs (present second-person singular)
jehē (present singular third-person)
jāgī (past singular third-person)
jehēm (first-person plural present)
jāgīm (first-person past plural)
jehēþ (plural present second-person)
jāgīd (past plural second-person)
jehēn (plural present third-person)
jāgīn (past plural third-person)
jih (present singular)
jihid (plural present)
jehandī (participle present)
jegan (participle past)

Old Frisian: jā

Old Saxon: *jehan; gehan, gean (<*ge-jehan)

Middle Low German: jēn, jein; gēn, gein

Old Dutch: gian
Middle Dutch: gien

Old High German: jehan, gehan

Middle High German: jëhen, gehen

German: jehen

→ Old French: gehir, geïr; gehine; gehisner

Middle French: gehir; gehenne; genner

French: gêne; gêner

Franc-Comtois: dgeinne


taiknijan

taiknijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
taiknijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
taiknijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
taiknijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
taikniju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
taiknidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
taiknisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
taiknidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
taiknidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
taikniþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
taiknidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
taiknidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
taiknijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
taiknidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
taikniþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
taiknidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
taiknijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
taiknidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
taiknijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
taiknidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
taiknijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
taiknidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
taiknijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
taiknidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
taiknijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
taiknidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
taiknijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
taiknidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
taiknijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
taiknidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
taikni (class-1 present singular weak)
taikniþ (class-1 plural present weak)
taiknijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
taiknid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: tǣcnan

Old Saxon: tēknian

Middle Low German: tēkenen

Old Dutch: *tēknen

Middle Dutch: têkenen, teikenen

Dutch: tekenen
Afrikaans: teken
→ Caribbean Javanese: tèken

Limburgish: teikene

desc

Old High German: zeihhanen, zeichanen, zeihnen

Middle High German: zeichenen

German: zeichnen

From Proto-Germanic *taiknijaną. Equivalent to *taikn + *jan.


taiknōn

taiknōn (infinitive)
taiknōnijas (genitive infinitive)
taiknōnijē (dative infinitive)
taiknōniju (infinitive instrumental)
taiknō (first-person present singular)
taiknōdā (first-person past singular)
taiknōs (present second-person singular)
taiknōdēs (past second-person singular)
taiknōdōs (past second-person singular)
taiknōþ (present singular third-person)
taiknōdē (past singular third-person)
taiknōdā (past singular third-person)
taiknōm (first-person plural present)
taiknōdum (first-person past plural)
taiknōþ (plural present second-person)
taiknōdud (past plural second-person)
taiknōnþ (plural present third-person)
taiknōdun (past plural third-person)
taiknōdī (first-person past singular)
taiknōdī (past second-person singular)
taiknō (present singular third-person)
taiknōdī (past singular third-person)
taiknōdīm (first-person past plural)
taiknōdīd (past plural second-person)
taiknōn (plural present third-person)
taiknōdīn (past plural third-person)
taiknō (present singular)
taiknōþ (plural present)
taiknōndī (participle present)
taiknōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: tācnian
Middle English: toknen
English: token
Scots: taiken
→ Old Norse: tákna
Icelandic: tákna

Old Frisian: tēknia, tēkena, tēkna

Old High German: zeihhanōn, zeichanōn

Middle High German: zeichenen

German: zeichnen

From Proto-Germanic *taiknōną. Equivalent to *taikn (“a sign”) + *-ōn.