skrimpan

skrimpan (infinitive)
skrimpannjas (genitive infinitive)
skrimpannjē (dative infinitive)
skrimpannju (infinitive instrumental)
skrimpu (first-person present singular)
skramp (first-person past singular)
skrimpiʀi (present second-person singular)
skrumpī (past second-person singular)
skrimpidi (present singular third-person)
skramp (past singular third-person)
skrimpum (first-person plural present)
skrumpum (first-person past plural)
skrimpid (plural present second-person)
skrumpud (past plural second-person)
skrimpand (plural present third-person)
skrumpun (past plural third-person)
skrimpē (first-person present singular)
skrumpī (first-person past singular)
skrimpēs (present second-person singular)
skrimpē (present singular third-person)
skrumpī (past singular third-person)
skrimpēm (first-person plural present)
skrumpīm (first-person past plural)
skrimpēþ (plural present second-person)
skrumpīd (past plural second-person)
skrimpēn (plural present third-person)
skrumpīn (past plural third-person)
skrimp (present singular)
skrimpid (plural present)
skrimpandī (participle present)
skrumpan (participle past)

Old Dutch: *scrimpan

Middle Dutch: schrimpen

Dutch: schrimpen

Old High German: *skrimpfan

Middle High German: schrimpfen

q

alternatively a zero-grade, see <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">*skrumpōną</i>

German: schrimpfen, schrümpfen (obsolete), schrumpfen (alternatively a zero-grade, see *skrumpōną)


skrumpōn

skrumpōn (infinitive)
skrumpōnijas (genitive infinitive)
skrumpōnijē (dative infinitive)
skrumpōniju (infinitive instrumental)
skrumpō (first-person present singular)
skrumpōdā (first-person past singular)
skrumpōs (present second-person singular)
skrumpōdēs (past second-person singular)
skrumpōdōs (past second-person singular)
skrumpōþ (present singular third-person)
skrumpōdē (past singular third-person)
skrumpōdā (past singular third-person)
skrumpōm (first-person plural present)
skrumpōdum (first-person past plural)
skrumpōþ (plural present second-person)
skrumpōdud (past plural second-person)
skrumpōnþ (plural present third-person)
skrumpōdun (past plural third-person)
skrumpōdī (first-person past singular)
skrumpōdī (past second-person singular)
skrumpō (present singular third-person)
skrumpōdī (past singular third-person)
skrumpōdīm (first-person past plural)
skrumpōdīd (past plural second-person)
skrumpōn (plural present third-person)
skrumpōdīn (past plural third-person)
skrumpō (present singular)
skrumpōþ (plural present)
skrumpōndī (participle present)
skrumpōd (participle past)

Old Dutch: *scrumpon

Middle Dutch: *schrompen

⇒ Middle Dutch: schrompelen

Dutch: schrompelen, verschrompelen

Old High German: *skrumpfon

Middle High German: *schrumpfen

German: schrumpfen (possibly)

⇒ German: schrumpeln (with Central/Low German consonantism)


abageban

abageban (infinitive)
abagebannjas (genitive infinitive)
abagebannjē (dative infinitive)
abagebannju (infinitive instrumental)
abagebu (first-person present singular)
abagab (first-person past singular)
abagibiʀi (present second-person singular)
abagābī (past second-person singular)
abagibidi (present singular third-person)
abagab (past singular third-person)
abagebum (first-person plural present)
abagābum (first-person past plural)
abagibid (plural present second-person)
abagābud (past plural second-person)
abageband (plural present third-person)
abagābun (past plural third-person)
abagebē (first-person present singular)
abagābī (first-person past singular)
abagebēs (present second-person singular)
abagebē (present singular third-person)
abagābī (past singular third-person)
abagebēm (first-person plural present)
abagābīm (first-person past plural)
abagebēþ (plural present second-person)
abagābīd (past plural second-person)
abagebēn (plural present third-person)
abagābīn (past plural third-person)
abagib (present singular)
abagibid (plural present)
abagebandī (participle present)
abageban (participle past)

Old English: ofġifan

Old Saxon: afgevan

Middle Low German: afgēven

German Low German: ofgeven

Old Dutch: *afgevan, *avagevan

Middle Dutch: āvegēven

Dutch: afgeven

Afrikaans: afgee

Old High German: abageban

Middle High German: *abegeben, *abgeben

German: abgeben

Luxembourgish: ofginn

From Proto-Germanic *abagebaną. Equivalent to *aba- + *geban.


þiudijan

þiudijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
þiudijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
þiudijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
þiudijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
þiudiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
þiudidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
þiudisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
þiudidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
þiudidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
þiudiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
þiudidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
þiudidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
þiudijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
þiudidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
þiudiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
þiudidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
þiudijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
þiudidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
þiudijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
þiudidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
þiudijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
þiudidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
þiudijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
þiudidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
þiudijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
þiudidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
þiudijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
þiudidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
þiudijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
þiudidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
þiudi (class-1 present singular weak)
þiudiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
þiudijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
þiudid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: þīedan, þēodan

Middle English: theden

Old Frisian: *thiōda, thiūda

Saterland Frisian: tjuude

West Frisian: tsjutte

Old Saxon: *thiudian

Middle Low German: dûden, düden

German Low German: düden

Old Dutch: *thiuden

Middle Dutch: dieden, duden

Dutch: duiden
Afrikaans: dui

Limburgish: duuje

Old High German: diuten, *tiuten

Middle High German: diuten, tiuten

Bavarian: deitn

German: deuten

Luxembourgish: deiten

Yiddish: טײַטשן (taytshn)

to interpret, to point out, to explain [with accusative]

to associate, to engage with [with instrumental ‘with’]

to attach, to join, to connect [with instrumental ‘to/with’]


klaim

klaim (nominative singular)
klaimō (nominative plural)
klaimōs (nominative plural)
klaim (accusative singular)
klaimā (accusative plural)
klaimas (genitive singular)
klaimō (genitive plural)
klaimē (dative singular)
klaimum (dative plural)
klaimu (instrumental singular)
klaimum (instrumental plural)

Old English: clām

Middle English: clame, clom

English: cloam (dialectal)

Old Dutch: *clēm

Middle Dutch: clêem

Old High German: kleim


þrumi

þrumi (nominative singular)
þrummjō (nominative plural)
þrummjōs (nominative plural)
þrumi (accusative singular)
þrummjā (accusative plural)
þrummjas (genitive singular)
þrummjō (genitive plural)
þrummjē (dative singular)
þrummjum (dative plural)
þrummju (instrumental singular)
þrummjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: þrymm, þrym

Middle English: thrum, throm, thrim

Old Saxon: *thrumm

⇒ Old Saxon: heruthrumm, heruthrum


klaij

klaij (nominative singular)
klaijō (nominative plural)
klaijōs (nominative plural)
klaij (accusative singular)
klaijā (accusative plural)
klaijas (genitive singular)
klaijō (genitive plural)
klaijē (dative singular)
klaijum (dative plural)
klaiju (instrumental singular)
klaijum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: clǣġ
Middle English: cley
English: clay, cley
Scots: cley
Yola: cley

Old Frisian: klāi

North Frisian: klay

Saterland Frisian: Kloai

West Frisian: klaai

Old Saxon: *klei

Middle Low German: klei, kley, kleye

German Low German: Klei

→ German: Klei

Old Dutch: *clei

Middle Dutch: clei

Dutch: klei

Limburgish: klei

→? Proto-Slavic: *klějь (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Germanic *klaj(j)az, from Proto-Indo-European *gloy-(y)ó-s, from *gley- (“to glue, stick together”). Cognate with Ancient Greek γλοιός (gloiós, “gum; mud, sludge”).

cog

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache


hleumund

hleumund (nominative singular)
hleumundō (nominative plural)
hleumundōs (nominative plural)
hleumund (accusative singular)
hleumundā (accusative plural)
hleumundas (genitive singular)
hleumundō (genitive plural)
hleumundē (dative singular)
hleumundum (dative plural)
hleumundu (instrumental singular)
hleumundum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *hliumand

Middle Low German: lǖmunt, lîmunt

⇒ Old Saxon: *hliumandig

⇒ Old Saxon: mishliumandig

Old Dutch: *liumund

Middle Dutch: lumont

Old High German: hliumunt, liumunt

Middle High German: liumunt

German: Leumund


lōkōn

lōkōn (infinitive)
lōkōnijas (genitive infinitive)
lōkōnijē (dative infinitive)
lōkōniju (infinitive instrumental)
lōkō (first-person present singular)
lōkōdā (first-person past singular)
lōkōs (present second-person singular)
lōkōdēs (past second-person singular)
lōkōdōs (past second-person singular)
lōkōþ (present singular third-person)
lōkōdē (past singular third-person)
lōkōdā (past singular third-person)
lōkōm (first-person plural present)
lōkōdum (first-person past plural)
lōkōþ (plural present second-person)
lōkōdud (past plural second-person)
lōkōnþ (plural present third-person)
lōkōdun (past plural third-person)
lōkōdī (first-person past singular)
lōkōdī (past second-person singular)
lōkō (present singular third-person)
lōkōdī (past singular third-person)
lōkōdīm (first-person past plural)
lōkōdīd (past plural second-person)
lōkōn (plural present third-person)
lōkōdīn (past plural third-person)
lōkō (present singular)
lōkōþ (plural present)
lōkōndī (participle present)
lōkōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: lōcian
Middle English: loken, lokan, locen, locan, lokken, locken, luken, lukken (chiefly N & NM), lokien, lokiæn, lokin, locian (S & K & SM, chiefly early)
English: look (see there for further descendants)
Geordie English: luik, leuk
Scots: luik, leuk, luke
Yola: looke

Old Frisian: *lōkia

gl

< Saterland Frisian <i class="Latn mention" lang="stq">*bilouked</i>

⇒ Saterland Frisian: blouked (“seen”) (< Saterland Frisian *bilouked)

West Frisian: lôkje, loaitsje

desctree

Old Saxon: lōkon, lōcōn, luokoian
Middle Low German: *lö̂ken
Low German: löken

Old Dutch: *lōkon

Middle Dutch: loeken

Dutch: loeken

→ Old French: luquier, luquer

Middle French: luquier

Norman: luquer, louquer

⇒ French: reluquer

⇒ Old French: torlouc

Middle French: tourlouc

⇒ Anglo-Norman: torleous

⇒ Old French: alukier

⇒ Old French: warloker, warlousquier

⇒ Old French: warloucque

Middle French: warloucque

⇒ Old French: warlousketer

→ Walloon: louki

→ Occitan: lucaire

⇒ Occitan: alucaire

Unknown. According to an older hypothesis, perhaps related to Breton lagad (“eye, look”), Welsh llygad (“eye”), Cornish lagas (“eye”), for a Proto-Indo-European root *lewg- (“to look; eye”). However, this Celtic set is more commonly derived from *lewk- (“to shine”), which could not have produced the Germanic term. Instead, modern authors compare Doric Greek λωγάω (lōgáō, “to pick up; to tell”) and Proto-Tocharian *läk- (“to see”), from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to gather”) with a semantic shift paralleled also in Latin legō.


liuhmijan

liuhmijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
liuhmijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
liuhmijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
liuhmijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
liuhmiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
liuhmidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
liuhmisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
liuhmidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
liuhmidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
liuhmiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
liuhmidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
liuhmidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
liuhmijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
liuhmidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
liuhmiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
liuhmidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
liuhmijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
liuhmidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
liuhmijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
liuhmidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
liuhmijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
liuhmidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
liuhmijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
liuhmidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
liuhmijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
liuhmidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
liuhmijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
liuhmidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
liuhmijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
liuhmidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
liuhmi (class-1 present singular weak)
liuhmiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
liuhmijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
liuhmid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: līeman
Middle English: leomen, lumen, lemen, leymen
English: leam
Scots: leme, leim


lungr

lungr (masculine nominative singular)
lungru (feminine nominative singular)
lungr (neuter nominative singular)
lungranā (accusative masculine singular)
lungrā (accusative feminine singular)
lungr (accusative neuter singular)
lungras (genitive masculine singular)
lungreʀā (feminine genitive singular)
lungras (genitive neuter singular)
lungrumē (dative masculine singular)
lungreʀē (dative feminine singular)
lungrumē (dative neuter singular)
lungru (instrumental masculine singular)
lungreʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
lungru (instrumental neuter singular)
lungrē (masculine nominative plural)
lungrō (feminine nominative plural)
lungru (neuter nominative plural)
lungrā (accusative masculine plural)
lungrā (accusative feminine plural)
lungru (accusative neuter plural)
lungreʀō (genitive masculine plural)
lungreʀō (feminine genitive plural)
lungreʀō (genitive neuter plural)
lungrēm (dative masculine plural)
lungrum (dative masculine plural)
lungrēm (dative feminine plural)
lungrum (dative feminine plural)
lungrēm (dative neuter plural)
lungrum (dative neuter plural)
lungrēm (instrumental masculine plural)
lungrum (instrumental masculine plural)
lungrēm (feminine instrumental plural)
lungrum (feminine instrumental plural)
lungrēm (instrumental neuter plural)
lungrum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: lungor

Old Saxon: lungar


lauh

lauh (nominative singular)
lauhō (nominative plural)
lauhōs (nominative plural)
lauh (accusative singular)
lauhā (accusative plural)
lauhas (genitive singular)
lauhō (genitive plural)
lauhē (dative singular)
lauhum (dative plural)
lauhu (instrumental singular)
lauhum (instrumental plural)

Old English: lēah
Middle English: leye, ley, legh, lege, liegh
English: leigh, lea
Scots: le, ley, lei
>? Yola: kotlieough, cotleough

Old Frisian: lāch

Old Saxon: lōh

Middle Low German: lōch, lō

Old Dutch: *lōh, *lō

Middle Dutch: lô

Dutch: lo, loo (obsolete outside place names)

Old High German: lōh
Middle High German: lōh, lōch, lō
German: Loh, Lah, Lage (mostly in place names)


skīd

skīd (nominative singular)
skīdu (nominative plural)
skīd (accusative singular)
skīdu (accusative plural)
skīdas (genitive singular)
skīdō (genitive plural)
skīdē (dative singular)
skīdum (dative plural)
skīdu (instrumental singular)
skīdum (instrumental plural)

Old English: sċīd
Middle English: schyd, chyde, scheyde, schide, schudde, schyde, schyyd, shide, shyde, syde, szhide, sid, scid (Early Middle English)
English: shide (obsolete)
Middle Scots: schide, schyde

Old Frisian: skīd

North Frisian: skeid

Old Saxon: *skīd

Middle Low German: schît

Old Dutch: *skīd

Middle Dutch: *schijt

Dutch: schijd (East Flemish)

→ French: skęt, hète; skète, équette

Old High German: skīt

Middle High German: schīt

German: Scheit

Luxembourgish: Schäit, Scheet


hlaidriju

hlaidriju (nominative singular)
hlaidrijō (nominative plural)
hlaidrijā (accusative singular)
hlaidrijā (accusative plural)
hlaidrijā (genitive singular)
hlaidrijō (genitive plural)
hlaidrijē (dative singular)
hlaidrijōm (dative plural)
hlaidrijum (dative plural)
hlaidriju (instrumental singular)
hlaidrijōm (instrumental plural)
hlaidrijum (instrumental plural)

desc

Old English: hlǣdre, hlǣder, hlædder, hlæddr-, hlædr-

desctree

Middle English: laddre, ladder, laddere, laddir, ladre, ledder, leddre, leddyr, lheddre, læddræ, læddre, leaddre (Early Middle English)
English: ladder
Scots: ledder

desc

Old Frisian: hladder, hledder, hleder, hlērde

North Frisian: ladder

Saterland Frisian: Laadere, Laddere

West Frisian: ljedder, leider, ljerre

Old Saxon: hlēderi

Middle Low German: leddere, ledder, lēdere, lēder, leider, ladder

German Low German: Ledder

Plautdietsch: Lada

Old Dutch: *lēdara

Middle Dutch: ledere, leedre, ledder, laddere, ladere

Dutch: ladder, leer

Afrikaans: ladder; leer

Limburgish: lejjer, leier

Old High German: hleitra, hleitara, leitra, leitara

Middle High German: leiter

Bavarian: Later, Loater

German: Leiter

Hunsrik: Leeter

Luxembourgish: Leeder


þūmō

þūmō (nominative singular)
þūman (nominative plural)
þūman (accusative singular)
þūman (accusative plural)
þūmini (genitive singular)
þūman (genitive singular)
þūmanō (genitive plural)
þūmini (dative singular)
þūman (dative singular)
þūmum (dative plural)
þūmini (instrumental singular)
þūman (instrumental singular)
þūmum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: þūma
Middle English: thombe
English: thumb
Scots: thoum
Yola: thoome, thoume

Old Frisian: thūma
North Frisian: tome, töme
Saterland Frisian: Tume
West Frisian: tomme, tûme

Old Saxon: thūmo
Middle Low German: dûme
German Low German: Dumen, Dume, Duum
Plautdietsch: Dumen

Old Dutch: *thūmo

Middle Dutch: dume

Dutch: duim
Afrikaans: duim
Negerhollands: tompi
→ Aukan: doin
→ Caribbean Hindustani: doi
→ Caribbean Javanese: dim
→ Indonesian: dim
→ Papiamentu: dùim, duim
→ Russian: дюйм (djujm)

Limburgish: doem, doemb

Old High German: dūmo
Middle High German: dūme
Cimbrian: daumo
German: Daumen
Luxembourgish: Daum


spaldan

spaldan (infinitive)
spaldannjas (genitive infinitive)
spaldannjē (dative infinitive)
spaldannju (infinitive instrumental)
spaldu (first-person present singular)
speald (first-person past singular)
spaldiʀi (present second-person singular)
spealdī (past second-person singular)
spaldidi (present singular third-person)
speald (past singular third-person)
spaldum (first-person plural present)
spealdum (first-person past plural)
spaldid (plural present second-person)
spealdud (past plural second-person)
spaldand (plural present third-person)
spealdun (past plural third-person)
spaldē (first-person present singular)
spealdī (first-person past singular)
spaldēs (present second-person singular)
spaldē (present singular third-person)
spealdī (past singular third-person)
spaldēm (first-person plural present)
spealdīm (first-person past plural)
spaldēþ (plural present second-person)
spealdīd (past plural second-person)
spaldēn (plural present third-person)
spealdīn (past plural third-person)
spald (present singular)
spaldid (plural present)
spaldandī (participle present)
spaldan (participle past)

Old Saxon: *spaldan

Middle Low German: spalden

German Low German:

Low Prussian: spoolen, spolen

Westphalian:

East Westphalian: späulen (Ravensberg)

Old Dutch: *spaldan

Middle Dutch: spouden

Dutch: spouwen

Old High German: spaltan

Middle High German: spalten

German: spalten

→ Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: spalte

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: spalte, spalta

→ Swedish: spalta

→ Danish: spalte

Uncertain; presumably from Proto-Germanic *spaldaną and related to *speldą (“a split”), possibly cognate to Old Church Slavonic расплащѫ (rasplaštǫ, “to divide”), Sanskrit स्फाटति (sphāṭati, “to burst, expand”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)p(H)el- (“to split, cleave”).

der

Brill Publishers
Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben


swittjan

swittjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
swittjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
swittjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
swittjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
swittju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
swittā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
switisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
swittēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
swittōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
switiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
swittē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
swittā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
swittjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
swittum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
switiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
swittud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
swittjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
swittun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
swittjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
swittī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
swittjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
swittī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
swittjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
swittī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
swittjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
swittīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
swittjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
swittīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
swittjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
swittīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
switi (class-1 present singular weak)
switiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
swittjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
switt (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: *switta

West Frisian: switte

Old High German: swizzen

Middle High German: switzen

German: schwitzen

Yiddish: שוויצן (shvitsn)


hlīdan

hlīdan (infinitive)
hlīdannjas (genitive infinitive)
hlīdannjē (dative infinitive)
hlīdannju (infinitive instrumental)
hlīdu (first-person present singular)
hlaid (first-person past singular)
hlīdiʀi (present second-person singular)
hlidī (past second-person singular)
hlīdidi (present singular third-person)
hlaid (past singular third-person)
hlīdum (first-person plural present)
hlidum (first-person past plural)
hlīdid (plural present second-person)
hlidud (past plural second-person)
hlīdand (plural present third-person)
hlidun (past plural third-person)
hlīdē (first-person present singular)
hlidī (first-person past singular)
hlīdēs (present second-person singular)
hlīdē (present singular third-person)
hlidī (past singular third-person)
hlīdēm (first-person plural present)
hlidīm (first-person past plural)
hlīdēþ (plural present second-person)
hlidīd (past plural second-person)
hlīdēn (plural present third-person)
hlidīn (past plural third-person)
hlīd (present singular)
hlīdid (plural present)
hlīdandī (participle present)
hlidan (participle past)

Old English: hlīdan

Old Frisian: hlīda

Old Saxon: *hlīdan

⇒ Old Saxon: bihlīdan


mātī

mātī (masculine nominative singular)
mātiju (feminine nominative singular)
mātī (neuter nominative singular)
mātijanā (accusative masculine singular)
mātijā (accusative feminine singular)
mātī (accusative neuter singular)
mātijas (genitive masculine singular)
mātijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
mātijas (genitive neuter singular)
mātijumē (dative masculine singular)
mātijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
mātijumē (dative neuter singular)
mātiju (instrumental masculine singular)
mātijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
mātiju (instrumental neuter singular)
mātijē (masculine nominative plural)
mātijō (feminine nominative plural)
mātiju (neuter nominative plural)
mātijā (accusative masculine plural)
mātijā (accusative feminine plural)
mātiju (accusative neuter plural)
mātijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
mātijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
mātijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
mātijēm (dative masculine plural)
mātijum (dative masculine plural)
mātijēm (dative feminine plural)
mātijum (dative feminine plural)
mātijēm (dative neuter plural)
mātijum (dative neuter plural)
mātijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
mātijum (instrumental masculine plural)
mātijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
mātijum (feminine instrumental plural)
mātijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
mātijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: mǣte

Middle English: mete, meete

Old Frisian: *mēte, met

Old Saxon: *māti

Middle Low German: mâte

Old Dutch: *māti

Middle Dutch: mate

Old High German: māzi

Middle High German: mæze

From Proto-Germanic *mētiz + *-ī (adjective suffix).


faitī

faitī (nominative singular)
faitīn (accusative singular)
faitīn (genitive singular)
faitīn (dative singular)
faitīn (instrumental singular)

Old High German: *feizī

Middle High German: veize

From Proto-Germanic *faitį̄. Equivalent to *fait (“fat”) + *-ī (abstract noun suffix).


faitijan

faitijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
faitijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
faitijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
faitijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
faitiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
faitidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
faitisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
faitidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
faitidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
faitiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
faitidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
faitidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
faitijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
faitidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
faitiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
faitidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
faitijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
faitidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
faitijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
faitidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
faitijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
faitidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
faitijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
faitidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
faitijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
faitidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
faitijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
faitidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
faitijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
faitidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
faiti (class-1 present singular weak)
faitiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
faitijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
faitid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: fǣtan

Old High German: *feizen

Middle High German: veizen

From Proto-Germanic *faitijaną. Equivalent to *fait (“fat”) + *-jan.


sinþ

sinþ (nominative singular)
sinþō (nominative plural)
sinþōs (nominative plural)
sinþ (accusative singular)
sinþā (accusative plural)
sinþas (genitive singular)
sinþō (genitive plural)
sinþē (dative singular)
sinþum (dative plural)
sinþu (instrumental singular)
sinþum (instrumental plural)

Old English: sīþ

Middle English: sith

English: sith

Old Frisian: sīth

Old Saxon: sīth

Old High German: sind, sint


sinþōn

sinþōn (infinitive)
sinþōnijas (genitive infinitive)
sinþōnijē (dative infinitive)
sinþōniju (infinitive instrumental)
sinþō (first-person present singular)
sinþōdā (first-person past singular)
sinþōs (present second-person singular)
sinþōdēs (past second-person singular)
sinþōdōs (past second-person singular)
sinþōþ (present singular third-person)
sinþōdē (past singular third-person)
sinþōdā (past singular third-person)
sinþōm (first-person plural present)
sinþōdum (first-person past plural)
sinþōþ (plural present second-person)
sinþōdud (past plural second-person)
sinþōnþ (plural present third-person)
sinþōdun (past plural third-person)
sinþōdī (first-person past singular)
sinþōdī (past second-person singular)
sinþō (present singular third-person)
sinþōdī (past singular third-person)
sinþōdīm (first-person past plural)
sinþōdīd (past plural second-person)
sinþōn (plural present third-person)
sinþōdīn (past plural third-person)
sinþō (present singular)
sinþōþ (plural present)
sinþōndī (participle present)
sinþōd (participle past)

Old English: sīþian

Middle English: sithen

Old Saxon: sīthon

Old High German: sindōn

Middle High German: sinden, sinnen

From Proto-Germanic *sinþōną. Equivalent to *sinþ (“journey”) + *-ōn.


wōdijan

wōdijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
wōdijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
wōdijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
wōdijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
wōdiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wōdidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wōdisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wōdidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wōdidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wōdiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wōdidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wōdidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wōdijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wōdidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
wōdiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wōdidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wōdijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wōdidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
wōdijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wōdidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wōdijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wōdidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wōdijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wōdidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wōdijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wōdidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
wōdijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wōdidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wōdijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wōdidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
wōdi (class-1 present singular weak)
wōdiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
wōdijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
wōdid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: wēdan

Old Saxon: wōdian

Old Dutch: *wuoden

Middle Dutch: woeden

Dutch: woeden

Afrikaans: woed

Old High German: wuoten

Middle High German: wüeten

German: wüten

From Proto-Germanic *wōdijaną. Equivalent to *wōd (“excited, frenzied, angry”) + *-jan and *wōd (“rage”) + *-jan.


frarādan

frarādan (infinitive)
frarādannjas (genitive infinitive)
frarādannjē (dative infinitive)
frarādannju (infinitive instrumental)
frarādu (first-person present singular)
frarēd (first-person past singular)
frarādiʀi (present second-person singular)
frarēdī (past second-person singular)
frarādidi (present singular third-person)
frarēd (past singular third-person)
frarādum (first-person plural present)
frarēdum (first-person past plural)
frarādid (plural present second-person)
frarēdud (past plural second-person)
frarādand (plural present third-person)
frarēdun (past plural third-person)
frarādē (first-person present singular)
frarēdī (first-person past singular)
frarādēs (present second-person singular)
frarādē (present singular third-person)
frarēdī (past singular third-person)
frarādēm (first-person plural present)
frarēdīm (first-person past plural)
frarādēþ (plural present second-person)
frarēdīd (past plural second-person)
frarādēn (plural present third-person)
frarēdīn (past plural third-person)
frarād (present singular)
frarādid (plural present)
frarādandī (participle present)
frarādan (participle past)

Old English: forrǣdan

Middle English: forreden, forreaden

Old Frisian: forrēda

Old Saxon: farrādan, firrādan

Middle Low German: vorrāden

→ Danish: forråde

→ Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: forråde

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: forråda, forråde

Old Dutch: farrādan

Middle Dutch: verraden

Dutch: verraden

Afrikaans: verraai

Old High German: firrātan

Middle High German: verrāten

Cimbrian: voraatan

German: verraten


geusan

geusan (infinitive)
geusannjas (genitive infinitive)
geusannjē (dative infinitive)
geusannju (infinitive instrumental)
geusu (first-person present singular)
gaus (first-person past singular)
giusiʀi (present second-person singular)
guʀī (past second-person singular)
giusidi (present singular third-person)
gaus (past singular third-person)
geusum (first-person plural present)
guʀum (first-person past plural)
giusid (plural present second-person)
guʀud (past plural second-person)
geusand (plural present third-person)
guʀun (past plural third-person)
geusē (first-person present singular)
guʀī (first-person past singular)
geusēs (present second-person singular)
geusē (present singular third-person)
guʀī (past singular third-person)
geusēm (first-person plural present)
guʀīm (first-person past plural)
geusēþ (plural present second-person)
guʀīd (past plural second-person)
geusēn (plural present third-person)
guʀīn (past plural third-person)
gius (present singular)
giusid (plural present)
geusandī (participle present)
goʀan (participle past)

Middle Dutch: gūsen

Middle Dutch: gusen

Dutch: guizen

⇒ Dutch: verguizen

Afrikaans: verguis


drifti

drifti (nominative singular)
driftī (nominative plural)
drifti (accusative singular)
driftī (accusative plural)
driftī (genitive singular)
driftijō (genitive plural)
driftī (dative singular)
driftim (dative plural)
driftijum (dative plural)
driftī (instrumental singular)
driftim (instrumental plural)
driftijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *drift

Middle English: drift

Scots: drift

English: drift

Old Frisian: drift (in compounds)

North Frisian: drift

Saterland Frisian: Drift

Old Saxon: drift, thrift

Middle Low German: drift

Low German: Drift

→ German: Drift

Old Dutch: *drift

Middle Dutch: drift, *dricht

Dutch: drift

Afrikaans: drif

Old High German: trift

Middle High German: trift

German: Trift


moþþā

moþþā (nominative singular)
moþþōn (nominative plural)
moþþōn (accusative singular)
moþþōn (accusative plural)
moþþōn (genitive singular)
moþþōnō (genitive plural)
moþþōn (dative singular)
moþþōm (dative plural)
moþþum (dative plural)
moþþōn (instrumental singular)
moþþōm (instrumental plural)
moþþum (instrumental plural)

Old English: moþþe

Middle English: mothe

English: moth

Scots: moch

Old Saxon: *motta

Middle Low German: motte

Low German: Mutten, Motten

→ German: Motte

Old Dutch: *motta

Middle Dutch: motte

Dutch: mot

Feminized and leveled from *maþô ~ *muttaz (“insect, worm, maggot”).


rukkijan

rukkijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
rukkijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
rukkijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
rukkijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
rukkiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
rukkidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
rukkisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
rukkidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
rukkidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
rukkiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
rukkidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rukkidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rukkijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
rukkidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
rukkiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
rukkidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
rukkijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
rukkidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
rukkijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
rukkidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
rukkijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
rukkidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
rukkijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
rukkidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
rukkijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
rukkidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
rukkijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
rukkidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
rukkijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
rukkidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
rukki (class-1 present singular weak)
rukkiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
rukkijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
rukkid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *ryċċan

desc

Middle English: ricchen, riche, ruchchen, ruchen, rycchen, rychen

Old Saxon: *rukkian

Middle Low German: rucken, rüggen, rücken

German Low German: rücken

→ Saterland Frisian: rukje, rukke

Old Dutch: *rukken

Middle Dutch: rucken

Dutch: rukken

Afrikaans: ruk

Old High German: rucken

Middle High German: rucken, rücken

German: rücken, (rucken)


bihōfōn

bihōfōn (infinitive)
bihōfōnijas (genitive infinitive)
bihōfōnijē (dative infinitive)
bihōfōniju (infinitive instrumental)
bihōfō (first-person present singular)
bihōfōdā (first-person past singular)
bihōfōs (present second-person singular)
bihōfōdēs (past second-person singular)
bihōfōdōs (past second-person singular)
bihōfōþ (present singular third-person)
bihōfōdē (past singular third-person)
bihōfōdā (past singular third-person)
bihōfōm (first-person plural present)
bihōfōdum (first-person past plural)
bihōfōþ (plural present second-person)
bihōfōdud (past plural second-person)
bihōfōnþ (plural present third-person)
bihōfōdun (past plural third-person)
bihōfōdī (first-person past singular)
bihōfōdī (past second-person singular)
bihōfō (present singular third-person)
bihōfōdī (past singular third-person)
bihōfōdīm (first-person past plural)
bihōfōdīd (past plural second-person)
bihōfōn (plural present third-person)
bihōfōdīn (past plural third-person)
bihōfō (present singular)
bihōfōþ (plural present)
bihōfōndī (participle present)
bihōfōd (participle past)

Old English: behōfian

Middle English: behoven

English: behove, behoove

Scots: behufe, behove

Old Frisian: bihōvia

Saterland Frisian: bihougje

West Frisian: behoevje, behoeve

Old Saxon: *bihōvōn

Middle Low German: behôven

→ Norwegian:

Bokmål: behøve

Nynorsk: behøve, behøva

→ Swedish: behöva

→ Danish: behøve

desctree

Old Dutch: *bihuovon
Middle Dutch: behoeven
Dutch: behoeven
Afrikaans: behoef
⇒ Dutch: hoeven

Old High German: *bihuofōn

Middle High German: behufen

German: behufen


saumijan

saumijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
saumijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
saumijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
saumijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
saumiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
saumidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
saumisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
saumidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
saumidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
saumiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
saumidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
saumidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
saumijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
saumidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
saumiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
saumidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
saumijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
saumidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
saumijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
saumidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
saumijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
saumidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
saumijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
saumidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
saumijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
saumidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
saumijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
saumidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
saumijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
saumidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
saumi (class-1 present singular weak)
saumiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
saumijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
saumid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Saxon: sōmian

Middle Low German: sȫmen

Old Dutch: *sōmen

Middle Dutch: sômen

Dutch: zomen

Afrikaans: soom

Old High German: saumen

Middle High German: säumen

German: säumen

From Proto-Germanic *saumijaną. Equivalent to *saum (“a stitch, seam”) + *-jan.


saumijan

desc

Old English: sīman, sȳman, sīeman, sēman, sǣman

Middle English: semen, seme

⇒ Old English: ofersȳman, ofersīman (“to overload”)

Middle English: ofersymen

Old High German: *soumen

Middle High German: soumen

From *saum (“a load, burden; packsaddle”) + *-jan.

affix

andsōmian

*andasaumijan (“to take off a packsaddle”); Old Saxon

intsoumen

*andasaumijan (“to take off a packsaddle”); Old High German


splittōn

splittōn (infinitive)
splittōnijas (genitive infinitive)
splittōnijē (dative infinitive)
splittōniju (infinitive instrumental)
splittō (first-person present singular)
splittōdā (first-person past singular)
splittōs (present second-person singular)
splittōdēs (past second-person singular)
splittōdōs (past second-person singular)
splittōþ (present singular third-person)
splittōdē (past singular third-person)
splittōdā (past singular third-person)
splittōm (first-person plural present)
splittōdum (first-person past plural)
splittōþ (plural present second-person)
splittōdud (past plural second-person)
splittōnþ (plural present third-person)
splittōdun (past plural third-person)
splittōdī (first-person past singular)
splittōdī (past second-person singular)
splittō (present singular third-person)
splittōdī (past singular third-person)
splittōdīm (first-person past plural)
splittōdīd (past plural second-person)
splittōn (plural present third-person)
splittōdīn (past plural third-person)
splittō (present singular)
splittōþ (plural present)
splittōndī (participle present)
splittōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *splittia

West Frisian: splitte, splisse

Old Saxon: *splittōn

Middle Low German: splitten

Low German: splitten

Old Dutch: *splitton

desc

Middle Dutch: splitten, spletten, splissen

Dutch: splitten, splitsen

→ English: split, splice

→ German: splitten


kluppjan

kluppjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
kluppjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
kluppjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
kluppjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
kluppju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
klupidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
klupisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
klupidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
klupidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
klupiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
klupidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
klupidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kluppjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
klupidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
klupiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
klupidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
kluppjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
klupidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
kluppjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
klupidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
kluppjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
klupidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kluppjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
klupidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kluppjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
klupidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
kluppjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
klupidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
kluppjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
klupidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
klupi (class-1 present singular weak)
klupiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
kluppjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
klupid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: clyppan
Middle English: cleppen, cluppen, clippen
English: clip

Old Frisian: kleppa


skorōn

skorōn (infinitive)
skorōnijas (genitive infinitive)
skorōnijē (dative infinitive)
skorōniju (infinitive instrumental)
skorō (first-person present singular)
skorōdā (first-person past singular)
skorōs (present second-person singular)
skorōdēs (past second-person singular)
skorōdōs (past second-person singular)
skorōþ (present singular third-person)
skorōdē (past singular third-person)
skorōdā (past singular third-person)
skorōm (first-person plural present)
skorōdum (first-person past plural)
skorōþ (plural present second-person)
skorōdud (past plural second-person)
skorōnþ (plural present third-person)
skorōdun (past plural third-person)
skorōdī (first-person past singular)
skorōdī (past second-person singular)
skorō (present singular third-person)
skorōdī (past singular third-person)
skorōdīm (first-person past plural)
skorōdīd (past plural second-person)
skorōn (plural present third-person)
skorōdīn (past plural third-person)
skorō (present singular)
skorōþ (plural present)
skorōndī (participle present)
skorōd (participle past)

Old English: scorian

Middle English: score

English: score

→ Dutch: scoren

Old Saxon: *skorōn

Middle Low German: schōren, schören

Old Dutch: *skorōn

Middle Dutch: schōren

>? Dutch: scheuren

Old High German: skorōn

⇒ Old High German: giskorōn

Middle High German: schōren


blīu

blīu (nominative singular)
blīu (nominative plural)
blīu (accusative singular)
blīu (accusative plural)
blīwas (genitive singular)
blīwō (genitive plural)
blīwē (dative singular)
blīum (dative plural)
blīu (instrumental singular)
blīum (instrumental plural)

Old English: blēo, bleoh, blīo, blioh
Middle English: bleo, ble, blee
Scots: ble, blee, blie
English: blee, bly

Old Frisian: blī

North Frisian: bläy

Saterland Frisian: Bläier

Old Dutch: *blīo

Middle Dutch: blie, blye

Uncertain; presumably from Proto-Germanic *blīwą, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlih₁-wó-s, from *bʰl-eh₁y-, extended from *bʰel- (“to shine”), related to *blēwaz (“blue”), cognate with Latin flāvus (“yellow, golden”), Sanskrit भाल (bhāla, “splendour, lustre”), Lithuanian blaivýtis (“to become bright, clear up”).


flaihijan

flaihijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
flaihijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
flaihijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
flaihijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
flaihiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
flaihidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
flaihisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
flaihidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flaihidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flaihiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
flaihidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flaihidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flaihijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
flaihidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
flaihiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
flaihidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
flaihijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
flaihidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
flaihijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
flaihidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
flaihijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
flaihidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
flaihijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
flaihidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
flaihijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
flaihidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
flaihijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
flaihidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
flaihijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
flaihidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
flaihi (class-1 present singular weak)
flaihiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
flaihijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
flaihid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: *flēan, *flǣġan

Middle English: flēn, vlēn

Old Dutch: *flēien

desc

Middle Dutch: vleien, vleyen, fleeuwen, vleeuwen

Dutch: vleien

Afrikaans: vlei

Old High German: flēhen

Middle High German: vlēhen, vlēn

German: flehen

From *flaih (“deceitful”) + *-jan, or *flaihan (“to comfort, caress”) + *-jan.


flaihōn

flaihōn (infinitive)
flaihōnijas (genitive infinitive)
flaihōnijē (dative infinitive)
flaihōniju (infinitive instrumental)
flaihō (first-person present singular)
flaihōdā (first-person past singular)
flaihōs (present second-person singular)
flaihōdēs (past second-person singular)
flaihōdōs (past second-person singular)
flaihōþ (present singular third-person)
flaihōdē (past singular third-person)
flaihōdā (past singular third-person)
flaihōm (first-person plural present)
flaihōdum (first-person past plural)
flaihōþ (plural present second-person)
flaihōdud (past plural second-person)
flaihōnþ (plural present third-person)
flaihōdun (past plural third-person)
flaihōdī (first-person past singular)
flaihōdī (past second-person singular)
flaihō (present singular third-person)
flaihōdī (past singular third-person)
flaihōdīm (first-person past plural)
flaihōdīd (past plural second-person)
flaihōn (plural present third-person)
flaihōdīn (past plural third-person)
flaihō (present singular)
flaihōþ (plural present)
flaihōndī (participle present)
flaihōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *flāia, *flēia

West Frisian: flaaie

→ Dutch: vlooien

⇒ Dutch: flikflooien

→ Saterland Frisian: flikflooie

Old Saxon: flēhōn

Middle Low German: vlehen, vlên, vlein

Old Dutch: *flēon

Middle Dutch: vleeën

Old High German: flēhōn, flehōn

Middle High German: vlēhen, vlēn

German: flehen (partially)


blīwī

blīwī (nominative singular)
blīwiju (nominative plural)
blīwī (accusative singular)
blīwiju (accusative plural)
blīwijas (genitive singular)
blīwijō (genitive plural)
blīwijē (dative singular)
blīwijum (dative plural)
blīwiju (instrumental singular)
blīwijum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: blī

Saterland Frisian: Bläi

desctree

Old Saxon: blī, *blīg
Middle Low German: blî, blig, blige
German Low German:
Altmärkisch: Bli
Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Bluich
Lippisch: Blüch, Bluig
Sauerländisch: Bley, Blǖ, Blī
Westmünsterländisch: Blij
Plautdietsch: Blie
→ Middle English: *bli
⇒ Middle English: bligeter (“lead founder”)

Old Dutch: blī

Middle Dutch: bli

Dutch: blei, (archaic) blij

Limburgish: blie

Old High German: blīo, blīwo, blīoh (< *blīu or *blīwō)
Middle High German: blī
German: Blei
Luxembourgish: Bläi
Vilamovian: błaj
Yiddish: בלײַ (blay)


Audarīk

Audarīk (nominative singular)
Audarīk (accusative singular)
Audarīkā (accusative plural)
Audarīkas (genitive singular)
Audarīkō (genitive plural)
Audarīkē (dative singular)
Audarīkum (dative plural)
Audarīku (instrumental singular)
Audarīkum (instrumental plural)

Old English: Ēadrīc
English: Edrick, Edric

Old High German: Ōtrih, Ōtric, Ōtrich


Friþurīk

Friþurīk (nominative singular)
Friþurīk (accusative singular)
Friþurīkā (accusative plural)
Friþurīkas (genitive singular)
Friþurīkō (genitive plural)
Friþurīkē (dative singular)
Friþurīkum (dative plural)
Friþurīku (instrumental singular)
Friþurīkum (instrumental plural)

Old English: Friþurīc, Freoþorīc

Old Saxon: Frithurik

Middle Low German: Vrederik

Low German: Frederik

→ Norwegian: Fredrik

→ Swedish: Fredrik

→ Danish: Frederik

Old Dutch: *Frithurīk

Middle Dutch: Vrederic

Dutch: Frederik

Old High German: Fridurih

German: Friedrich
→ English: Frederick
→ Chinese: → 弗里德里希 (Fúlǐdélǐxī) (transliteration)

→ Latin: Friderīcus (see there for further descendants)


walkōn

walkōn (infinitive)
walkōnijas (genitive infinitive)
walkōnijē (dative infinitive)
walkōniju (infinitive instrumental)
walkō (first-person present singular)
walkōdā (first-person past singular)
walkōs (present second-person singular)
walkōdēs (past second-person singular)
walkōdōs (past second-person singular)
walkōþ (present singular third-person)
walkōdē (past singular third-person)
walkōdā (past singular third-person)
walkōm (first-person plural present)
walkōdum (first-person past plural)
walkōþ (plural present second-person)
walkōdud (past plural second-person)
walkōnþ (plural present third-person)
walkōdun (past plural third-person)
walkōdī (first-person past singular)
walkōdī (past second-person singular)
walkō (present singular third-person)
walkōdī (past singular third-person)
walkōdīm (first-person past plural)
walkōdīd (past plural second-person)
walkōn (plural present third-person)
walkōdīn (past plural third-person)
walkō (present singular)
walkōþ (plural present)
walkōndī (participle present)
walkōd (participle past)

Old English: wealcian
Middle English: walken, walk, walke, walkyn, wolken (conflated with wealcan)
English: walk, waulk
Scots: walk

Old Frisian: *walkia

Saterland Frisian: walkje

West Frisian: walkje

Old Saxon: *walkōn, *walkōjan

Middle Low German: walken

Low German: walken

Old Dutch: *walkōn

Middle Dutch: walken

Dutch: walken

Old High German: *walkōn

Middle High German: walken

German: walken


twīfl

twīfl (nominative singular)
twīflō (nominative plural)
twīflōs (nominative plural)
twīfl (accusative singular)
twīflā (accusative plural)
twīflas (genitive singular)
twīflō (genitive plural)
twīflē (dative singular)
twīflum (dative plural)
twīflu (instrumental singular)
twīflum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: twīfil, twīvel

Saterland Frisian: Twieuwel

West Frisian: twivel

Old Saxon: *twīfal

Middle Low German: twīvel, twīfel

→ Danish: tvivl

→ Swedish: tvivel

→ Norwegian Bokmål: tvil

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: tvil

Old Dutch: twīfal

Middle Dutch: twivel, twifel
Dutch: twijfel
Limburgish: twiefel

Old High German: zwīfal

Middle High German: zwīvel

German: Zweifel

Luxembourgish: Zweiwel


troggalōn

troggalōn (infinitive)
troggalōnijas (genitive infinitive)
troggalōnijē (dative infinitive)
troggalōniju (infinitive instrumental)
troggalō (first-person present singular)
troggalōdā (first-person past singular)
troggalōs (present second-person singular)
troggalōdēs (past second-person singular)
troggalōdōs (past second-person singular)
troggalōþ (present singular third-person)
troggalōdē (past singular third-person)
troggalōdā (past singular third-person)
troggalōm (first-person plural present)
troggalōdum (first-person past plural)
troggalōþ (plural present second-person)
troggalōdud (past plural second-person)
troggalōnþ (plural present third-person)
troggalōdun (past plural third-person)
troggalōdī (first-person past singular)
troggalōdī (past second-person singular)
troggalō (present singular third-person)
troggalōdī (past singular third-person)
troggalōdīm (first-person past plural)
troggalōdīd (past plural second-person)
troggalōn (plural present third-person)
troggalōdīn (past plural third-person)
troggalō (present singular)
troggalōþ (plural present)
troggalōndī (participle present)
troggalōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *troggalōn

Middle Low German: troggelen, truggelen

German Low German: truggelen

→ Danish: trygle

→ Norwegian: trygla (dialectal)

→ Swedish: trygla (dialectal)

Old Dutch: *troggalōn

desc

Middle Dutch: troggelen, trōgelen, truggelen, truglen

Dutch: troggelen

Old High German: *troggalōn

Middle High German: *troggelen, *truggelen

German: truggeln (dialectal)


haimalīk

haimalīk (masculine nominative singular)
haimalīku (feminine nominative singular)
haimalīk (neuter nominative singular)
haimalīkanā (accusative masculine singular)
haimalīkā (accusative feminine singular)
haimalīk (accusative neuter singular)
haimalīkas (genitive masculine singular)
haimalīkeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
haimalīkas (genitive neuter singular)
haimalīkumē (dative masculine singular)
haimalīkeʀē (dative feminine singular)
haimalīkumē (dative neuter singular)
haimalīku (instrumental masculine singular)
haimalīkeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
haimalīku (instrumental neuter singular)
haimalīkē (masculine nominative plural)
haimalīkō (feminine nominative plural)
haimalīku (neuter nominative plural)
haimalīkā (accusative masculine plural)
haimalīkā (accusative feminine plural)
haimalīku (accusative neuter plural)
haimalīkeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
haimalīkeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
haimalīkeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
haimalīkēm (dative masculine plural)
haimalīkum (dative masculine plural)
haimalīkēm (dative feminine plural)
haimalīkum (dative feminine plural)
haimalīkēm (dative neuter plural)
haimalīkum (dative neuter plural)
haimalīkēm (instrumental masculine plural)
haimalīkum (instrumental masculine plural)
haimalīkēm (feminine instrumental plural)
haimalīkum (feminine instrumental plural)
haimalīkēm (instrumental neuter plural)
haimalīkum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: *hāmlīċ

Middle English: hamly, hamely, homlich, homelich, homly, homely

English: homely

Scots: hamely

Old Frisian: hāmelik, hēmelik

West Frisian: heimlik

Old Saxon: *hēmlīk

Middle Low German: hêmlik, hêmelik, heimelik, hêmelk, heimelk

Low German: heemelk

→ Old Norse: heimiligr (late)

Norwegian: hemmelig

Swedish: hemlig

Danish: hemmelig

Old Dutch: *heimlīk

Middle Dutch: heimelijc, hêmelijc

Dutch: heimelijk

Old High German: heimlīh

Middle High German: heimelich, heimlich

German: heimlich


meldā

meldā (nominative singular)
meldōn (nominative plural)
meldōn (accusative singular)
meldōn (accusative plural)
meldōn (genitive singular)
meldōnō (genitive plural)
meldōn (dative singular)
meldōm (dative plural)
meldum (dative plural)
meldōn (instrumental singular)
meldōm (instrumental plural)
meldum (instrumental plural)

Old English: melde

Middle English: mielde

Scots: milds, miles, myles

English: milds, miles, myles (dialectal Northern English)

Old Dutch: *melda

Middle Dutch: melde

Dutch: melde, milde

Old Saxon: maldia

Middle Low German: melde

Old High German: melta, melda, malta, multa

Middle High German: melte, melde

German: Melde, Melte, Melle, Malde, Malte, Milte, Milde, Molde, Mölde

→ Medieval Latin: melta

a plant of the genus Chenopodium, goosefoot

a plant of the genus Atriplex, orache, saltbush


mulīnu

mulīnu (nominative singular)
mulīnō (nominative plural)
mulīnā (accusative singular)
mulīnā (accusative plural)
mulīnā (genitive singular)
mulīnō (genitive plural)
mulīnē (dative singular)
mulīnōm (dative plural)
mulīnum (dative plural)
mulīnu (instrumental singular)
mulīnōm (instrumental plural)
mulīnum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: mylen, myln
Middle English: mylne, mele, melle, mille, miln, milne, myle, mylene, mylle, myln, molle, mule, mulle, mulne (Southern)
English: mill
Sranan Tongo: miri
→ Hindi: मिल (mil)
Scots: mill, mull
Yola: mile

Old Frisian: *melene, *melne

Saterland Frisian: Määlne

Old Saxon: *mulina

Middle Low German: möle, mölne

Low German: Möhl

→ Old Norse: mylna

Icelandic: mylla

Faroese: mylna

Middle Norwegian: mylna, mjulna

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: mylne, mylna; (dialectal) mjune, mjone, mylle, mørne, mæln

Swedish: mölla

Danish: mølle

Bokmål: mølle

→ Finnish: mylly

→ Ingrian: mylly

→ Kildin Sami: ме̄лл (miell)

Old Dutch: molna

desctree

Middle Dutch: mōlen
Dutch: molen
Limburgish: meule

→ Old Frisian: molne, mole

West Frisian: mole, mûne

Old High German: mulīn, mulī
Middle High German: mül, müle
Alemannic German: Müli
Bavarian:
Cimbrian: müul
Mòcheno: mil
Central Franconian: Möhl
Hunsrik: Mihl
Luxembourgish: Millen
German: Mühle
Pennsylvania German: Miehl
Yiddish: מיל (mil)

→ Proto-Slavic: *mъlinъ (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Late Latin molīna, variant of molīnum (“mill”).


þahs

þahs (nominative singular)
þahsō (nominative plural)
þahsōs (nominative plural)
þahs (accusative singular)
þahsā (accusative plural)
þahsas (genitive singular)
þahsō (genitive plural)
þahsē (dative singular)
þahsum (dative plural)
þahsu (instrumental singular)
þahsum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: *thaks

Saterland Frisian: Taks

Old Saxon: thahs
Middle Low German: das, dasse
German Low German: Dass

Old Dutch: *thas
Middle Dutch: das
Dutch: das
Afrikaans: das, dassie
→ English: dassie
Jersey Dutch: dās
→ West Frisian: das
Limburgish: dasj
West Flemish: das

Old High German: dahs

Middle High German: dahs

Cimbrian: daks

German: Dachs

→ German Low German: Dacks

→ Luxembourgish: Dachs

→ Saterland Frisian: Daks

Hunsrik: Dachs

Luxembourgish: Duess (archaic)

Yiddish: דאַקס (daks)

→ Late Latin: taxus, taxō (see there for further descendants)


stillinassī

stillinassī (nominative singular)
stillinassīn (accusative singular)
stillinassīn (genitive singular)
stillinassīn (dative singular)
stillinassīn (instrumental singular)

Old English: stilnes, stillnes, stillnys, stilnys
Middle English: stylnesse, stilnesse
English: stillness

Old Frisian: stilnese, stilnisse

Old Saxon: *stilnessi

desc

Middle Low German: stilnisse, stillenisse, stelnisse

German Low German: Stilnisse

Old Dutch: *stilnissi, *stilnussi

Middle Dutch: stilnisse

Old High German: stilnissi

Middle High German: stilnisse

From *stillī (“still, quiet”) + *-nassī.


herþr

herþr (nominative singular)
herþru (nominative plural)
herþr (accusative singular)
herþru (accusative plural)
herþras (genitive singular)
herþrō (genitive plural)
herþrē (dative singular)
herþrum (dative plural)
herþru (instrumental singular)
herþrum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hreþer

Old High German: *herdar

⇒ Old High German: smalaherdar (“small intestine, gut”)


frijahals

frijahals (nominative singular)
frijahalsō (nominative plural)
frijahalsōs (nominative plural)
frijahals (accusative singular)
frijahalsā (accusative plural)
frijahalsas (genitive singular)
frijahalsō (genitive plural)
frijahalsē (dative singular)
frijahalsum (dative plural)
frijahalsu (instrumental singular)
frijahalsum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: frēols
Middle English: freols

Old High German: frīhals

Middle High German: vrīhals

From Proto-Germanic *frijahalsaz. Equivalent to *frī + *hals.


frī

frī (masculine nominative singular)
friju (feminine nominative singular)
frī (neuter nominative singular)
frijanā (accusative masculine singular)
frijā (accusative feminine singular)
frī (accusative neuter singular)
frijas (genitive masculine singular)
frijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
frijas (genitive neuter singular)
frijumē (dative masculine singular)
frijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
frijumē (dative neuter singular)
friju (instrumental masculine singular)
frijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
friju (instrumental neuter singular)
frijē (masculine nominative plural)
frijō (feminine nominative plural)
friju (neuter nominative plural)
frijā (accusative masculine plural)
frijā (accusative feminine plural)
friju (accusative neuter plural)
frijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
frijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
frijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
frijēm (dative masculine plural)
frijum (dative masculine plural)
frijēm (dative feminine plural)
frijum (dative feminine plural)
frijēm (dative neuter plural)
frijum (dative neuter plural)
frijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
frijum (instrumental masculine plural)
frijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
frijum (feminine instrumental plural)
frijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
frijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: frēo, frīo, freoh, frioh, friġ, frī, frȳ
Middle English: fre, vri, vry
English: free
→ Fiji Hindi: firii
Scots: fre

Old Frisian: frī
Saterland Frisian: fräi
West Frisian: frij

Old Saxon: frī
Middle Low German: vri, vrîg
Low German: fri, free, frigg
→ Danish: fri
→ Estonian: prii
→ Faroese: fríur
→ Latvian: brīvs
→ Livonian: brī
→ Norwegian: fri
→ Swedish: fri

Old Dutch: frī
Middle Dutch: vri
Dutch: vrij
Negerhollands: vri, vrie, fri
→ Aukan: felei
→ Caribbean Javanese: frèi, prèi, pré
→ Indonesian: prei (“holiday, free, doing nothing”)
→ Sundanese: peré

Old High German: frī
Middle High German: vrī
German: frei
Luxembourgish: fräi
Vilamovian: frȧj
Yiddish: פֿרײַ (fray)


wlankijan

wlankijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
wlankijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
wlankijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
wlankijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
wlankiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wlankidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wlankisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wlankidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wlankidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wlankiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wlankidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wlankidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wlankijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wlankidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
wlankiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wlankidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wlankijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wlankidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
wlankijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
wlankidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
wlankijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
wlankidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
wlankijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
wlankidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
wlankijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
wlankidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
wlankijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
wlankidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
wlankijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
wlankidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
wlanki (class-1 present singular weak)
wlankiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
wlankijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
wlankid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: wlencan

Old Saxon: wlenkian

From *wlank (“proud, arrogant”) + *-jan.

(North Sea Germanic) to make proud, arrogant


-jō

-jō (nominative singular)
-jan (nominative plural)
-jan (accusative singular)
-jan (accusative plural)
-jini (genitive singular)
-jan (genitive singular)
-janō (genitive plural)
-jini (dative singular)
-jan (dative singular)
-jum (dative plural)
-jini (instrumental singular)
-jan (instrumental singular)
-jum (instrumental plural)

Old English: -a

Old Frisian: -a

Old Saxon: -io

Old Dutch: -o

Old High German: -o, -eo


skankijan

skankijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
skankijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
skankijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
skankijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
skankiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
skankidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
skankisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
skankidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
skankidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
skankiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
skankidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
skankidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
skankijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
skankidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
skankiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
skankidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
skankijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
skankidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
skankijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
skankidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
skankijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
skankidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
skankijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
skankidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
skankijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
skankidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
skankijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
skankidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
skankijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
skankidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
skanki (class-1 present singular weak)
skankiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
skankijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
skankid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: sċenċan
Middle English: schenken, schenchen
English: shink, skink
Scots: skink

Old Frisian: skenka

Saterland Frisian: schoanke, skoanke

West Frisian: skinke

Old Saxon: skenkian
Middle Low German: schenken
German Low German: schenken
Plautdietsch: schenkjen
→ Old Norse: skenkja (“to pour (drink)”)
Icelandic: skenkja (“to pour (drink); to give”)
Faroese: skeinkja (“to pour (drink); to serve wine; to give”)
Norwegian Nynorsk: skjenkja, skjenkje, skjenka, skjenke (“to pour (drink); to serve (alcohol); to bestow”)
Norwegian Bokmål: skjenke
→ Old Swedish: skænkia
Swedish: skänka
→ Elfdalian: stşaintşa
→ Old Danish: skænkæ
Danish: skænke
→ Gutnish: skänke, skänk', skänka

Old Dutch: skenken
Middle Dutch: schenken
Dutch: schenken

Old High German: scenken

Middle High German: schenken

German: schenken

Hunsrik: schenke

Yiddish: שענקען (shenken)


hruþþjō

hruþþjō (nominative singular)
hruþþjan (nominative plural)
hruþþjan (accusative singular)
hruþþjan (accusative plural)
hruþþjini (genitive singular)
hruþþjan (genitive singular)
hruþþjanō (genitive plural)
hruþþjini (dative singular)
hruþþjan (dative singular)
hruþþjum (dative plural)
hruþþjini (instrumental singular)
hruþþjan (instrumental singular)
hruþþjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hryþþa

Old Saxon: ruthio

Middle Low German: rude

Old Dutch: *rudo

Middle Dutch: rude

Dutch: reu

Old High German: rudo

Middle High German: rüde

German: Rüde

Unknown; possibly from *hruttōn, from Proto-Germanic *hruttōną (“to snore, roar”), + *-jō.


erkn

erkn (masculine nominative singular)
erknu (feminine nominative singular)
erkn (neuter nominative singular)
erknanā (accusative masculine singular)
erknā (accusative feminine singular)
erkn (accusative neuter singular)
erknas (genitive masculine singular)
erkneʀā (feminine genitive singular)
erknas (genitive neuter singular)
erknumē (dative masculine singular)
erkneʀē (dative feminine singular)
erknumē (dative neuter singular)
erknu (instrumental masculine singular)
erkneʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
erknu (instrumental neuter singular)
erknē (masculine nominative plural)
erknō (feminine nominative plural)
erknu (neuter nominative plural)
erknā (accusative masculine plural)
erknā (accusative feminine plural)
erknu (accusative neuter plural)
erkneʀō (genitive masculine plural)
erkneʀō (feminine genitive plural)
erkneʀō (genitive neuter plural)
erknēm (dative masculine plural)
erknum (dative masculine plural)
erknēm (dative feminine plural)
erknum (dative feminine plural)
erknēm (dative neuter plural)
erknum (dative neuter plural)
erknēm (instrumental masculine plural)
erknum (instrumental masculine plural)
erknēm (feminine instrumental plural)
erknum (feminine instrumental plural)
erknēm (instrumental neuter plural)
erknum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: eorcnan

Old High German: erkan, erchan


gesteran

desc

Old English: ġiestran, ġeostran, ġiestron, ġistran

⇒ Old English: ġiestrandæġ, ġeostrandæġ, ġierstandæġ, ġyrstandæġ

Old Dutch: gestaron

Middle Dutch: gisteren

Dutch: gisteren

Old High German: gesteron, gesteren

Middle Low German: gestern

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: gestarn, ghéstan (Sette Comuni)

Mòcheno: gester

German: gestern

From Proto-Germanic *gesteran, from *gesteraz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰyésteros, + *-n.

yisterday

Middle English: yesterday, yisterday, ȝesterdai, ȝisterdai; Scots

gester

Old High German: gestre, gestere; Middle High German


wapsu

wapsu (nominative singular)
wapsō (nominative plural)
wapsā (accusative singular)
wapsā (accusative plural)
wapsā (genitive singular)
wapsō (genitive plural)
wapsē (dative singular)
wapsōm (dative plural)
wapsum (dative plural)
wapsu (instrumental singular)
wapsōm (instrumental plural)
wapsum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: wæps, wæsp, wæfs
Middle English: wasp, wappes, waps, waspe
English: wasp, waps
Sranan Tongo: waswasi (reduplicated)
Scots: wasp, wesp

Old Frisian: *waps

Saterland Frisian: Häspe, Gäspe

West Frisian: waps

Old Saxon: waspa

Middle Low German: wopse

gl

attested in Latin text as <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">uuapces</i>

Old Dutch: wapsa (attested in Latin text as uuapces)

Old High German: wafsa

desc

→ Old French: guespe, vespe, wespe, wapce (partially) (see there for further descendants)


waspijā

waspijā (nominative singular)
waspijōn (nominative plural)
waspijōn (accusative singular)
waspijōn (accusative plural)
waspijōn (genitive singular)
waspijōnō (genitive plural)
waspijōn (dative singular)
waspijōm (dative plural)
waspijum (dative plural)
waspijōn (instrumental singular)
waspijōm (instrumental plural)
waspijum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: *wepse

Saterland Frisian: Wäspe

⇒ Saterland Frisian: Wispel f

West Frisian: weps, weeps, meeps

desctree

Old Saxon: wepsia, wespia
Middle Low German: wespe, wispe
German Low German:
Holsteinisch: Weps, Wȩps (Dithmarsisch)
Low Prussian:
Natangisch-Bartisch: Wösp, Wespe
Samländisch: Wispe
Westphalian:
Bentheimisch: Wöpse
Dortmundisch: Wiəpsche
Münsterländisch: Wöpse
Westmünsterländisch: Wepse, Wöpse
East Westphalian: Wäspe (Lippisch, Paderbornisch), Wispe f (Ravensbergisch)
Plautdietsch: Wespe
→ Middle High German: wespe
Alemannic German: Wespi
Cimbrian: bèspa
German: Wespe
Hunsrik: Wesp
Yiddish: וועספּ (vesp)
→ Danish: hveps
→ Norwegian: veps, kvefs

Old Dutch: *wespa

Middle Dutch: wespe

Dutch: wesp, (archaic, dialectal) wespe

Afrikaans: wespe

West Flemish: waspe, wespe

desc

Old High German: wefsa, wespa, wefs, wafsī; wefsih m

Middle High German: webse, wefse

Bavarian: Weps, Webes

Swabian: Wefz


wurhti

wurhti (nominative singular)
wurhtī (nominative plural)
wurhti (accusative singular)
wurhtī (accusative plural)
wurhtī (genitive singular)
wurhtijō (genitive plural)
wurhtī (dative singular)
wurhtim (dative plural)
wurhtijum (dative plural)
wurhtī (instrumental singular)
wurhtim (instrumental plural)
wurhtijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wyrht;

Middle English: wrihte, wrihhte

Old Saxon: wurht

Old High German: wurht, wuruht

Middle High German: wurht

gewrechte

Old Saxon: giwurht, giwurhti; Middle Low German

Gewurcht

Middle High German: gewurht, gewurhte, gewürhte, geworhte


aiwīg

aiwīg (masculine nominative singular)
aiwīgu (feminine nominative singular)
aiwīg (neuter nominative singular)
aiwīganā (accusative masculine singular)
aiwīgā (accusative feminine singular)
aiwīg (accusative neuter singular)
aiwīgas (genitive masculine singular)
aiwīgeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
aiwīgas (genitive neuter singular)
aiwīgumē (dative masculine singular)
aiwīgeʀē (dative feminine singular)
aiwīgumē (dative neuter singular)
aiwīgu (instrumental masculine singular)
aiwīgeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
aiwīgu (instrumental neuter singular)
aiwīgē (masculine nominative plural)
aiwīgō (feminine nominative plural)
aiwīgu (neuter nominative plural)
aiwīgā (accusative masculine plural)
aiwīgā (accusative feminine plural)
aiwīgu (accusative neuter plural)
aiwīgeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
aiwīgeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
aiwīgeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
aiwīgēm (dative masculine plural)
aiwīgum (dative masculine plural)
aiwīgēm (dative feminine plural)
aiwīgum (dative feminine plural)
aiwīgēm (dative neuter plural)
aiwīgum (dative neuter plural)
aiwīgēm (instrumental masculine plural)
aiwīgum (instrumental masculine plural)
aiwīgēm (feminine instrumental plural)
aiwīgum (feminine instrumental plural)
aiwīgēm (instrumental neuter plural)
aiwīgum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Frisian: ewich

desctree

Old Saxon: ēwig
Middle Low German: êwich
→ Danish: evig
→ Norwegian: evig
→ Swedish: evig

Old Dutch: ēwig

Middle Dutch: êwich

Dutch: eeuwig
Afrikaans: ewig
Negerhollands: eewig, eeuwig

Old High German: ēwig
Middle High German: ēwic
Cimbrian: éevig
German: ewig
Yiddish: אייביק (eybik)

From *aiw (“long time, age, eternity”) + *-g.


aʀani

Old English: *iern

desc

⇒ Old English: ruġern (“rye-harvest, the name of a month”) (+ ryġe (“rye”))

Old Frisian: ern, erne, arn, arne

Old Saxon: *aran

Middle Low German: arne, arn, erne, ern

Dutch Low Saxon: Oorn, Aarn

German Low German: Arne, Arn

⇒ Old Saxon: aranfīmba (“grain heap”) (+ fīma (“pile, heap”))

Old Dutch: *aran

Middle Dutch: arn, arne

Old High German: arn f, (aran m)

Middle High German: erne f, arn m

q

merged with OHG <i class="Latn mention" lang="goh">arnōt</i>

⇒ Middle High German: ernde f (merged with OHG arnōt)

German: Ernte f


hanō

hanō (nominative singular)
hanan (nominative plural)
hanan (accusative singular)
hanan (accusative plural)
hanini (genitive singular)
hanan (genitive singular)
hananō (genitive plural)
hanini (dative singular)
hanan (dative singular)
hanum (dative plural)
hanini (instrumental singular)
hanan (instrumental singular)
hanum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: hana
Middle English: *hane (attested in hane-crau)

Old Frisian: hona, hana

North Frisian: hon, höön

Saterland Frisian: Hone

West Frisian: hoanne

Old Saxon: hano
Middle Low German: hāne
German Low German: Hahn

Old Dutch: *hano
Middle Dutch: hāne
Dutch: haan

Old High German: hano
Middle High German: hane, han
Alemannic German: Haane
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: Haan
Cimbrian: haano, hå (Luserna)
German: Hahn
Luxembourgish: Hunn
Rhine Franconian:
Pennsylvania German: Haahne
Yiddish: האָן (hon)

→ Old French:

⇒ Old French: haneton

French: hanneton (see there for further descendants)


puggō

poggō (nominative singular)
poggan (nominative plural)
poggan (accusative singular)
poggan (accusative plural)
puggini (genitive singular)
poggan (genitive singular)
pogganō (genitive plural)
puggini (dative singular)
poggan (dative singular)
puggum (dative plural)
puggini (instrumental singular)
poggan (instrumental singular)
puggum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *picga
Middle English: pigge, peg, pig, pige, pigh, pygge
English: pig (see there for further descendants)
Scots: pig
Yola: piggès

Old Saxon: *puggo

Middle Low German: pugge (variant of pûke)

Old Dutch: *puggo; *pugga

Middle Dutch: pugge, pogge, *pegge; pigge f

⇒ Middle Dutch: puggen n

⇒ Middle Dutch: pegsken n

Unknown; suggested to be related to *biggō (“piglet”), though phonologically problematic, perhaps pointing to a substrate borrowing. Alternatively, based on Middle Low German pū̂ke, puyke (“piglet”), perhaps from a root *pū̆k- of uncertain meaning + *-gō.


folō

folō (nominative singular)
folan (nominative plural)
folan (accusative singular)
folan (accusative plural)
fulini (genitive singular)
folan (genitive singular)
folanō (genitive plural)
fulini (dative singular)
folan (dative singular)
folum (dative plural)
fulini (instrumental singular)
folan (instrumental singular)
folum (instrumental plural)

Old English: fola
Middle English: fole
English: foal
Scots: fole, foill

Old Frisian: fola, folla

West Frisian: fôle, foalle

Saterland Frisian: Foole

Old Saxon: folo

Middle Low German: vōle

German Low German: Fohl

Westphalian:

Westmünsterländisch: Fahle

Old Dutch: *folo
Middle Dutch: vōle
Dutch: vool

Old High German: folo
Middle High German: vole

föllen

Middle Low German: volen; Sauerland Low German


biggō

biggō (nominative singular)
biggan (nominative plural)
biggan (accusative singular)
biggan (accusative plural)
biggini (genitive singular)
biggan (genitive singular)
bigganō (genitive plural)
biggini (dative singular)
biggan (dative singular)
biggum (dative plural)
biggini (instrumental singular)
biggan (instrumental singular)
biggum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: *bigga; *bigge f

North Frisian: bigge

West Frisian: bigge

Old Saxon: *biggo

Middle Low German: *bigge

German Low German:

Bentheimisch: Bigge n, Biggen f

Low Prussian: Beg m

Dutch Low Saxon:

Drents: bigge

Twents: bikken, biggen

Old Dutch: *biggo; *bigga, figga f

Middle Dutch: vigge, vigghe

Dutch: big, (archaic) bigge m or f

Unknown; suggested to be related to *piggō (“pig”), though phonologically problematic, perhaps pointing to a substrate borrowing.


derban

derban (infinitive)
derbannjas (genitive infinitive)
derbannjē (dative infinitive)
derbannju (infinitive instrumental)
derbu (first-person present singular)
darb (first-person past singular)
dirbiʀi (present second-person singular)
durbī (past second-person singular)
dirbidi (present singular third-person)
darb (past singular third-person)
derbum (first-person plural present)
durbum (first-person past plural)
dirbid (plural present second-person)
durbud (past plural second-person)
derband (plural present third-person)
durbun (past plural third-person)
derbē (first-person present singular)
durbī (first-person past singular)
derbēs (present second-person singular)
derbē (present singular third-person)
durbī (past singular third-person)
derbēm (first-person plural present)
durbīm (first-person past plural)
derbēþ (plural present second-person)
durbīd (past plural second-person)
derbēn (plural present third-person)
durbīn (past plural third-person)
dirb (present singular)
dirbid (plural present)
derbandī (participle present)
dorban (participle past)

Old English: deorfan

Middle English: derven


fraderban

fraderban (infinitive)
fraderbannjas (genitive infinitive)
fraderbannjē (dative infinitive)
fraderbannju (infinitive instrumental)
fraderbu (first-person present singular)
fradarb (first-person past singular)
fradirbiʀi (present second-person singular)
fradurbī (past second-person singular)
fradirbidi (present singular third-person)
fradarb (past singular third-person)
fraderbum (first-person plural present)
fradurbum (first-person past plural)
fradirbid (plural present second-person)
fradurbud (past plural second-person)
fraderband (plural present third-person)
fradurbun (past plural third-person)
fraderbē (first-person present singular)
fradurbī (first-person past singular)
fraderbēs (present second-person singular)
fraderbē (present singular third-person)
fradurbī (past singular third-person)
fraderbēm (first-person plural present)
fradurbīm (first-person past plural)
fraderbēþ (plural present second-person)
fradurbīd (past plural second-person)
fraderbēn (plural present third-person)
fradurbīn (past plural third-person)
fradirb (present singular)
fradirbid (plural present)
fraderbandī (participle present)
fradorban (participle past)

Old Frisian: forderva

Old Saxon: fardervan, fordervan

Middle Low German: vordërven

Old Dutch: fardervan
Middle Dutch: verderven
Dutch: verderven
Afrikaans: verderf, verderwe

Old High German: *farderban

Middle High German: verderben

German: verderben (partially)


hrusti

hrusti (nominative singular)
hrustī (nominative plural)
hrusti (accusative singular)
hrustī (accusative plural)
hrustī (genitive singular)
hrustijō (genitive plural)
hrustī (dative singular)
hrustim (dative plural)
hrustijum (dative plural)
hrustī (instrumental singular)
hrustim (instrumental plural)
hrustijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hyrst

Old Saxon: hrust

Old High German: rust, hrust

From *hrodan (“adorned”), past participle of *hreudan, from Proto-Germanic *hreudaną (“to cover, adorn”), + *-þi, from Proto-Germanic *-þiz.


fūr

fūr (masculine nominative singular)
fūru (feminine nominative singular)
fūr (neuter nominative singular)
fūranā (accusative masculine singular)
fūrā (accusative feminine singular)
fūr (accusative neuter singular)
fūras (genitive masculine singular)
fūreʀā (feminine genitive singular)
fūras (genitive neuter singular)
fūrumē (dative masculine singular)
fūreʀē (dative feminine singular)
fūrumē (dative neuter singular)
fūru (instrumental masculine singular)
fūreʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
fūru (instrumental neuter singular)
fūrē (masculine nominative plural)
fūrō (feminine nominative plural)
fūru (neuter nominative plural)
fūrā (accusative masculine plural)
fūrā (accusative feminine plural)
fūru (accusative neuter plural)
fūreʀō (genitive masculine plural)
fūreʀō (feminine genitive plural)
fūreʀō (genitive neuter plural)
fūrēm (dative masculine plural)
fūrum (dative masculine plural)
fūrēm (dative feminine plural)
fūrum (dative feminine plural)
fūrēm (dative neuter plural)
fūrum (dative neuter plural)
fūrēm (instrumental masculine plural)
fūrum (instrumental masculine plural)
fūrēm (feminine instrumental plural)
fūrum (feminine instrumental plural)
fūrēm (instrumental neuter plural)
fūrum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old High German: *fūr

⇒ Old High German: urfūr (“eunuch”)

Uncertain; possibly from unattested Proto-Germanic *fūraz, from Proto-Indo-European *pyuh₂-ró-s, from *pih₂-w-, from *pyeh₂- (“to beat”), cognate with Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”), Lithuanian pjáuti (“to cut, slaughter”), Ancient Greek παίω (paíō, “to strike, hit”).


anadō

anadō (nominative singular)
anadan (nominative plural)
anadan (accusative singular)
anadan (accusative plural)
anadini (genitive singular)
anadan (genitive singular)
anadanō (genitive plural)
anadini (dative singular)
anadan (dative singular)
anadum (dative plural)
anadini (instrumental singular)
anadan (instrumental singular)
anadum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: anda, onda
Middle English: ande, onde, yond
English: ande, onde, and
Scots: and, ande, aind, aynd

Old Frisian: omma, andema, ondema
Saterland Frisian: Omme
West Frisian: amme

Old Saxon: ando
Middle Low German: ande

Old Dutch: ando
Middle Dutch: ande

Old High German: anto, ando, anado
Middle High German: ande
German: Ahnd, And


anadōn

anadōn (infinitive)
anadōnijas (genitive infinitive)
anadōnijē (dative infinitive)
anadōniju (infinitive instrumental)
anadō (first-person present singular)
anadōdā (first-person past singular)
anadōs (present second-person singular)
anadōdēs (past second-person singular)
anadōdōs (past second-person singular)
anadōþ (present singular third-person)
anadōdē (past singular third-person)
anadōdā (past singular third-person)
anadōm (first-person plural present)
anadōdum (first-person past plural)
anadōþ (plural present second-person)
anadōdud (past plural second-person)
anadōnþ (plural present third-person)
anadōdun (past plural third-person)
anadōdī (first-person past singular)
anadōdī (past second-person singular)
anadō (present singular third-person)
anadōdī (past singular third-person)
anadōdīm (first-person past plural)
anadōdīd (past plural second-person)
anadōn (plural present third-person)
anadōdīn (past plural third-person)
anadō (present singular)
anadōþ (plural present)
anadōndī (participle present)
anadōd (participle past)

Old English: andian, andiġan
Middle English: anden, onden (through merger with the Old Norse form)
English: and, onde (dialectal)
Scots: ande, aind, eand

Old Saxon: andōn

Middle Low German: anden, ānden

Old Dutch: andon

Middle Dutch: anden

Old High German: antōn

Middle High German: anden

German: ahnden

From Proto-Germanic *anadōną. Equivalent to *anadō (“spirit, zeal, fervor”) + *-ōn.


aggjan

aggjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
aggjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
aggjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
aggjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
aggju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
agidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
agisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
agidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
agidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
agiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
agidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
agidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
aggjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
agidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
agiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
agidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
aggjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
agidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
aggjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
agidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
aggjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
agidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
aggjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
agidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
aggjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
agidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
aggjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
agidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
aggjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
agidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
agi (class-1 present singular weak)
agiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
aggjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
agid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: eċġan

q

Middle English: eggen (Likely merged with the descendant of *aggjōn)

English: edge

Old Saxon: *eggian

Middle Low German: eggen

⇒ Old Saxon: gieggian

Old Dutch: *eggen (and / or from *aggjōn)

Middle Dutch: eggen

Dutch: eggen

Old High German: ecken

Middle High German: eggen, egen, ecken (with -gg- through low german influence)

German: eggen


angwijan

angwijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
angwijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
angwijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
angwijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
angwiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
angwidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
angwisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
angwidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
angwidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
angwiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
angwidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
angwidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
angwijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
angwidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
angwiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
angwidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
angwijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
angwidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
angwijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
angwidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
angwijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
angwidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
angwijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
angwidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
angwijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
angwidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
angwijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
angwidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
angwijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
angwidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
angwi (class-1 present singular weak)
angwiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
angwijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
angwid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: engan

Old Saxon: *engian

Middle Low German: engen

Old Dutch: *engen

Middle Dutch: engen

Dutch: engen

Old High German: engen

Middle High German: engen

German: engen

From Proto-Germanic *angwijaną. Equivalent to *angī (“narrow”) + *-jan.


baidijan

baidijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
baidijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
baidijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
baidijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
baidiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
baididā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
baidisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
baididēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
baididōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
baidiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
baididē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
baididā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
baidijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
baididum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
baidiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
baididud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
baidijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
baididun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
baidijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
baididī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
baidijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
baididī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
baidijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
baididī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
baidijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
baididīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
baidijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
baididīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
baidijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
baididīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
baidi (class-1 present singular weak)
baidiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
baidijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
baidid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: bǣdan

Old Saxon: bēdian

Old Dutch: beidan

Middle Dutch: beiden

Dutch: beiden

Old High German: beiten

Middle High German: beiten


balþijan

balþijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
balþijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
balþijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
balþijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
balþiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
balþidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
balþisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
balþidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
balþidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
balþiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
balþidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
balþidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
balþijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
balþidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
balþiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
balþidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
balþijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
balþidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
balþijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
balþidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
balþijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
balþidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
balþijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
balþidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
balþijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
balþidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
balþijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
balþidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
balþijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
balþidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
balþi (class-1 present singular weak)
balþiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
balþijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
balþid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: bieldan, byldan, bildan

Middle English: bēlden, beelden

Scots: belde, beild, bield

English: bield

Old Saxon: beldian

Old High German: belden

Middle High German: belden, balden


baitijan

baitijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
baitijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
baitijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
baitijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
baitiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
baitidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
baitisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
baitidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
baitidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
baitiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
baitidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
baitidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
baitijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
baitidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
baitiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
baitidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
baitijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
baitidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
baitijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
baitidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
baitijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
baitidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
baitijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
baitidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
baitijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
baitidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
baitijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
baitidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
baitijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
baitidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
baiti (class-1 present singular weak)
baitiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
baitijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
baitid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: bǣtan

desctree

Middle English: bayten, bayte, baite, beyton, baiten, beiten, beȝȝtenn
English: bait
Scots: bait

Old Dutch: *bēten

Middle Dutch: bêten

Dutch: beten (obsolete)

Old Saxon: *bētian

⇒ Old Saxon: undbētian

Middle Low German: bêten

Old High German: beizen

Middle High German: beizen

→? Old French: beter


barjan

barjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
barjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
barjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
barjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
barju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
baridā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
barisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
baridēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
baridōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bariþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
baridē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
baridā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
barjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
baridum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
bariþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
baridud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
barjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
baridun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
barjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
baridī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
barjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
baridī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
barjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
baridī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
barjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
baridīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
barjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
baridīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
barjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
baridīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
bari (class-1 present singular weak)
bariþ (class-1 plural present weak)
barjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
barid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: berian (attested as ġebered (ppt))

Middle English: berien, beryen

Scots: berrie, berry, barrie

English: berry (verb)

(Old Frisian: ber)

desc

Old High German: berjan, perjan, berien, *berren

Middle High German: berjen, berren, beren, bern

German: beren