unþasaggjan

unþasaggjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
unþasaggjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
unþasaggjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
unþasaggjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
unþasaggju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
unþasagidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
unþasagisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
unþasagidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unþasagidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unþasagiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
unþasagidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unþasagidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unþasaggjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
unþasagidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
unþasagiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
unþasagidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
unþasaggjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
unþasagidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
unþasaggjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
unþasagidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
unþasaggjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
unþasagidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unþasaggjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
unþasagidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unþasaggjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
unþasagidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
unþasaggjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
unþasagidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
unþasaggjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
unþasagidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
unþasagi (class-1 present singular weak)
unþasagiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
unþasaggjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
unþasagid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: undsedza

West Frisian: ûntsizze

Old Saxon: *undseggian

desc

Middle Low German: entseggen, untseggen, entsēgen, untsēgen

→ Danish: undsige

→ Norwegian: unnsi

Old Dutch: *antseggen

Middle Dutch: ontseggen

Dutch: ontzeggen

Old High German: intsagen, insagen

Middle High German: entsagen

German: entsagen

From *unþa- (“away”) + *saggjan (“to say”).


trindan

trindan (infinitive)
trindannjas (genitive infinitive)
trindannjē (dative infinitive)
trindannju (infinitive instrumental)
trindu (first-person present singular)
trand (first-person past singular)
trindiʀi (present second-person singular)
trundī (past second-person singular)
trindidi (present singular third-person)
trand (past singular third-person)
trindum (first-person plural present)
trundum (first-person past plural)
trindid (plural present second-person)
trundud (past plural second-person)
trindand (plural present third-person)
trundun (past plural third-person)
trindē (first-person present singular)
trundī (first-person past singular)
trindēs (present second-person singular)
trindē (present singular third-person)
trundī (past singular third-person)
trindēm (first-person plural present)
trundīm (first-person past plural)
trindēþ (plural present second-person)
trundīd (past plural second-person)
trindēn (plural present third-person)
trundīn (past plural third-person)
trind (present singular)
trindid (plural present)
trindandī (participle present)
trundan (participle past)

Not directly attested, but derivatives are commonly found in the majority of daughter languages.

Unknown. Perhaps related to or derived from *trinnan (“to separate”) through a substantive meaning "a piece sliced off, circular disk".


unþasaggingu

From *unþasaggjan (“to call off, renounce”) + *-ingu.


unþasaggingu

unþasaggingu (nominative singular)
unþasaggingō (nominative plural)
unþasaggingā (accusative singular)
unþasaggingā (accusative plural)
unþasaggingā (genitive singular)
unþasaggingō (genitive plural)
unþasaggingē (dative singular)
unþasaggingōm (dative plural)
unþasaggingum (dative plural)
unþasaggingu (instrumental singular)
unþasaggingōm (instrumental plural)
unþasaggingum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: *undsedzinge

West Frisian: ûntsizzing

Old Saxon: *undseggunga, *andseggunga

desc

Middle Low German: entsegginge, untsegginge

Old Dutch: *antseggunga

Middle Dutch: ontsegginge, ontseginge

Dutch: ontzegging

Old High German: intsagunga

Middle High German: entsagunge

German: Entsagung


unþasattjandī

From *unþasattjan (“to put off, disgust”) + *-andī.


unþasattjandī

unþasattjandī (masculine nominative singular)
unþasattjandiju (feminine nominative singular)
unþasattjandī (neuter nominative singular)
unþasattjandijanā (accusative masculine singular)
unþasattjandijā (accusative feminine singular)
unþasattjandī (accusative neuter singular)
unþasattjandijas (genitive masculine singular)
unþasattjandijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
unþasattjandijas (genitive neuter singular)
unþasattjandijumē (dative masculine singular)
unþasattjandijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
unþasattjandijumē (dative neuter singular)
unþasattjandiju (instrumental masculine singular)
unþasattjandijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
unþasattjandiju (instrumental neuter singular)
unþasattjandijē (masculine nominative plural)
unþasattjandijō (feminine nominative plural)
unþasattjandiju (neuter nominative plural)
unþasattjandijā (accusative masculine plural)
unþasattjandijā (accusative feminine plural)
unþasattjandiju (accusative neuter plural)
unþasattjandijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
unþasattjandijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
unþasattjandijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
unþasattjandijēm (dative masculine plural)
unþasattjandijum (dative masculine plural)
unþasattjandijēm (dative feminine plural)
unþasattjandijum (dative feminine plural)
unþasattjandijēm (dative neuter plural)
unþasattjandijum (dative neuter plural)
unþasattjandijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
unþasattjandijum (instrumental masculine plural)
unþasattjandijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
unþasattjandijum (feminine instrumental plural)
unþasattjandijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
unþasattjandijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Frisian: *undsedzande

West Frisian: ûntsizzend

Old Saxon: *undsettendi, *andsettendi

desc

Middle Low German: entsettende, untsettende

Old Dutch: *antsettenti

Middle Dutch: ontsettende

Dutch: ontzettend

Old High German: *intsezzenti

Middle High German: entsetzende

German: entsetzend


unþasleupan

unþasleupan (infinitive)
unþasleupannjas (genitive infinitive)
unþasleupannjē (dative infinitive)
unþasleupannju (infinitive instrumental)
unþasleupu (first-person present singular)
unþaslaup (first-person past singular)
unþasliupiʀi (present second-person singular)
unþaslupī (past second-person singular)
unþasliupidi (present singular third-person)
unþaslaup (past singular third-person)
unþasleupum (first-person plural present)
unþaslupum (first-person past plural)
unþasliupid (plural present second-person)
unþaslupud (past plural second-person)
unþasleupand (plural present third-person)
unþaslupun (past plural third-person)
unþasleupē (first-person present singular)
unþaslupī (first-person past singular)
unþasleupēs (present second-person singular)
unþasleupē (present singular third-person)
unþaslupī (past singular third-person)
unþasleupēm (first-person plural present)
unþaslupīm (first-person past plural)
unþasleupēþ (plural present second-person)
unþaslupīd (past plural second-person)
unþasleupēn (plural present third-person)
unþaslupīn (past plural third-person)
unþasliup (present singular)
unþasliupid (plural present)
unþasleupandī (participle present)
unþaslopan (participle past)

Old Frisian: *undslūpa

West Frisian: ûntslûpe

Old Dutch: *antslūpen

Middle Dutch: ontslupen

Dutch: ontsluipen

Old High German: intslupfen

Middle High German: entslüpfen

German: entschlupfen

From *unþa- (“away”) + *sleupan (“to sneak”).

entslīpen

Old Saxon: *andsliopian; Middle Low German

entsliefen

Old High German: insliofan; Middle High German


unberandī

From Proto-Germanic *unberandz + *-ī (adjective suffix). Equivalent to *un- + *beran (“to bear”) + *-andī.


unberandī

unberandī (masculine nominative singular)
unberandiju (feminine nominative singular)
unberandī (neuter nominative singular)
unberandijanā (accusative masculine singular)
unberandijā (accusative feminine singular)
unberandī (accusative neuter singular)
unberandijas (genitive masculine singular)
unberandijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
unberandijas (genitive neuter singular)
unberandijumē (dative masculine singular)
unberandijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
unberandijumē (dative neuter singular)
unberandiju (instrumental masculine singular)
unberandijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
unberandiju (instrumental neuter singular)
unberandijē (masculine nominative plural)
unberandijō (feminine nominative plural)
unberandiju (neuter nominative plural)
unberandijā (accusative masculine plural)
unberandijā (accusative feminine plural)
unberandiju (accusative neuter plural)
unberandijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
unberandijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
unberandijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
unberandijēm (dative masculine plural)
unberandijum (dative masculine plural)
unberandijēm (dative feminine plural)
unberandijum (dative feminine plural)
unberandijēm (dative neuter plural)
unberandijum (dative neuter plural)
unberandijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
unberandijum (instrumental masculine plural)
unberandijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
unberandijum (feminine instrumental plural)
unberandijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
unberandijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: unberende

Middle English: unberinde, unbering

English: unbearing

Old High German: unberenti

Middle High German: unbernde


unþasinkwan

unþasinkwan (infinitive)
unþasinkwannjas (genitive infinitive)
unþasinkwannjē (dative infinitive)
unþasinkwannju (infinitive instrumental)
unþasinku (first-person present singular)
unþasankw (first-person past singular)
unþasinkwiʀi (present second-person singular)
unþasunkī (past second-person singular)
unþasinkwidi (present singular third-person)
unþasankw (past singular third-person)
unþasinkum (first-person plural present)
unþasunkum (first-person past plural)
unþasinkwid (plural present second-person)
unþasunkud (past plural second-person)
unþasinkwand (plural present third-person)
unþasunkun (past plural third-person)
unþasinkwē (first-person present singular)
unþasunkī (first-person past singular)
unþasinkwēs (present second-person singular)
unþasinkwē (present singular third-person)
unþasunkī (past singular third-person)
unþasinkwēm (first-person plural present)
unþasunkīm (first-person past plural)
unþasinkwēþ (plural present second-person)
unþasunkīd (past plural second-person)
unþasinkwēn (plural present third-person)
unþasunkīn (past plural third-person)
unþasinkw (present singular)
unþasinkwid (plural present)
unþasinkwandī (participle present)
unþasunkan (participle past)

Old Frisian: *undsinka

West Frisian: ûntsinke

Old Saxon: *andsinkan

Middle Low German: entsinken

Old Dutch: *antsincan

Middle Dutch: ontsinken, onssinken

Dutch: ontzinken

Old High German: *intsinkan

Middle High German: entsinken

German: entsinken (archaic)

From *unþa- (“away”) + *sinkwan (“to sink”).


unþastrīdan

unþastrīdan (infinitive)
unþastrīdannjas (genitive infinitive)
unþastrīdannjē (dative infinitive)
unþastrīdannju (infinitive instrumental)
unþastrīdu (first-person present singular)
unþastraid (first-person past singular)
unþastrīdiʀi (present second-person singular)
unþastridī (past second-person singular)
unþastrīdidi (present singular third-person)
unþastraid (past singular third-person)
unþastrīdum (first-person plural present)
unþastridum (first-person past plural)
unþastrīdid (plural present second-person)
unþastridud (past plural second-person)
unþastrīdand (plural present third-person)
unþastridun (past plural third-person)
unþastrīdē (first-person present singular)
unþastridī (first-person past singular)
unþastrīdēs (present second-person singular)
unþastrīdē (present singular third-person)
unþastridī (past singular third-person)
unþastrīdēm (first-person plural present)
unþastridīm (first-person past plural)
unþastrīdēþ (plural present second-person)
unþastridīd (past plural second-person)
unþastrīdēn (plural present third-person)
unþastridīn (past plural third-person)
unþastrīd (present singular)
unþastrīdid (plural present)
unþastrīdandī (participle present)
unþastridan (participle past)

Old Frisian: *undstrīda

West Frisian: ûntstride

Old Saxon: *andstrīdan

Middle Low German: entstrîden

Old Dutch: *antstrīdan

Middle Dutch: ontstrīden

Dutch: ontstrijden

From *unþa- (“away”) + *strīdan (“to contend, quarrel”).


unþawurtwalōn

unþawurtwalōn (infinitive)
unþawurtwalōnijas (genitive infinitive)
unþawurtwalōnijē (dative infinitive)
unþawurtwalōniju (infinitive instrumental)
unþawurtwalō (first-person present singular)
unþawurtwalōdā (first-person past singular)
unþawurtwalōs (present second-person singular)
unþawurtwalōdēs (past second-person singular)
unþawurtwalōdōs (past second-person singular)
unþawurtwalōþ (present singular third-person)
unþawurtwalōdē (past singular third-person)
unþawurtwalōdā (past singular third-person)
unþawurtwalōm (first-person plural present)
unþawurtwalōdum (first-person past plural)
unþawurtwalōþ (plural present second-person)
unþawurtwalōdud (past plural second-person)
unþawurtwalōnþ (plural present third-person)
unþawurtwalōdun (past plural third-person)
unþawurtwalōdī (first-person past singular)
unþawurtwalōdī (past second-person singular)
unþawurtwalō (present singular third-person)
unþawurtwalōdī (past singular third-person)
unþawurtwalōdīm (first-person past plural)
unþawurtwalōdīd (past plural second-person)
unþawurtwalōn (plural present third-person)
unþawurtwalōdīn (past plural third-person)
unþawurtwalō (present singular)
unþawurtwalōþ (plural present)
unþawurtwalōndī (participle present)
unþawurtwalōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *undwortelia

West Frisian: ûntwoartelje

Old Saxon: *undwurtalōn, *andwurtalōn

desc

Middle Low German: entwortelen, entwörtelen, entwertelen, untwörtelen, untwörteln

Old Dutch: *antwurtalōn

Middle Dutch: entwortelen, entwörtelen, entwertelen

Dutch: ontwortelen

Old High German: *intwurzalōn

Middle High German: entwurzelen, entwurzeln

German: entwurzeln

From *unþa- (“away”) + *wurtwalōn (“to be rooted, take root”).


trind

trind (masculine nominative singular)
trindu (feminine nominative singular)
trind (neuter nominative singular)
trindanā (accusative masculine singular)
trindā (accusative feminine singular)
trind (accusative neuter singular)
trindas (genitive masculine singular)
trindeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
trindas (genitive neuter singular)
trindumē (dative masculine singular)
trindeʀē (dative feminine singular)
trindumē (dative neuter singular)
trindu (instrumental masculine singular)
trindeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
trindu (instrumental neuter singular)
trindē (masculine nominative plural)
trindō (feminine nominative plural)
trindu (neuter nominative plural)
trindā (accusative masculine plural)
trindā (accusative feminine plural)
trindu (accusative neuter plural)
trindeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
trindeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
trindeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
trindēm (dative masculine plural)
trindum (dative masculine plural)
trindēm (dative feminine plural)
trindum (dative feminine plural)
trindēm (dative neuter plural)
trindum (dative neuter plural)
trindēm (instrumental masculine plural)
trindum (instrumental masculine plural)
trindēm (feminine instrumental plural)
trindum (feminine instrumental plural)
trindēm (instrumental neuter plural)
trindum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: *trind

⇒ Old English: trinda, trinde

⇒ Middle English: *umbetrind, ummbetrin

Old Frisian: trind

North Frisian: trind

⇒ Old Frisian: trindumbe

Old Saxon: *trind

Middle Low German: trint, trent

desc

⇒? German Low German: Trentbutt (“turbot”)

→ Old Danish: trynd

Danish: trind

⇒ Danish: trindes (verb)

→ Swedish: trind

→ Norwegian: trind, trinn

⇒ Middle Low German: trent m

⇒ Middle Low German: ümmetrent, ummetrent, umtrent, ummetrint, ümmetrente, ümmetrint

→ Danish: omtrent

→ Norwegian: omtrent

Old Dutch: *trind

⇒ Middle Dutch: trent

Dutch: Trent (placename)

⇒ Middle Dutch: omtrent

Dutch: omtrent

→ West Frisian: omtrent


unþastelan

unþastelan (infinitive)
unþastelannjas (genitive infinitive)
unþastelannjē (dative infinitive)
unþastelannju (infinitive instrumental)
unþastelu (first-person present singular)
unþastal (first-person past singular)
unþastiliʀi (present second-person singular)
unþastālī (past second-person singular)
unþastilidi (present singular third-person)
unþastal (past singular third-person)
unþastelum (first-person plural present)
unþastālum (first-person past plural)
unþastilid (plural present second-person)
unþastālud (past plural second-person)
unþasteland (plural present third-person)
unþastālun (past plural third-person)
unþastelē (first-person present singular)
unþastālī (first-person past singular)
unþastelēs (present second-person singular)
unþastelē (present singular third-person)
unþastālī (past singular third-person)
unþastelēm (first-person plural present)
unþastālīm (first-person past plural)
unþastelēþ (plural present second-person)
unþastālīd (past plural second-person)
unþastelēn (plural present third-person)
unþastālīn (past plural third-person)
unþastil (present singular)
unþastilid (plural present)
unþastelandī (participle present)
unþastolan (participle past)

Old Frisian: undstela, andstela

West Frisian: ûntstelle

Old Saxon: *andstelan

Middle Low German: entstēlen

Old Dutch: *antstelan

Middle Dutch: ontstelen

Dutch: ontstelen

Old High German: *intstelan

Middle High German: *entstelen

German: entstehlen (archaic)

From *unþa- (“away”) + *stelan (“to steal”).


skūlijan

skūlijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
skūlijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
skūlijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
skūlijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
skūliju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
skūlidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
skūlisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
skūlidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
skūlidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
skūliþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
skūlidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
skūlidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
skūlijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
skūlidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
skūliþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
skūlidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
skūlijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
skūlidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
skūlijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
skūlidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
skūlijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
skūlidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
skūlijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
skūlidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
skūlijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
skūlidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
skūlijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
skūlidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
skūlijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
skūlidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
skūli (class-1 present singular weak)
skūliþ (class-1 plural present weak)
skūlijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
skūlid (class-1 participle past weak)

gl

⇒ Old Frisian: skūlia (perhaps derived from skūl (“hiding-place”))

Saterland Frisian: sküülje

West Frisian: skûlje

Old Saxon: *skūlian

Middle Low German: schûlen, schulen

German Low German: schulen

Old Dutch: *skūlen

Middle Dutch: sculen

Dutch: schuilen

Old High German: *skūlen

Middle High German: schūlen

German: (archaic) schaulen


unþaskūlijan

unþaskūlijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
unþaskūlijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
unþaskūlijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
unþaskūlijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
unþaskūliju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
unþaskūlidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
unþaskūlisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
unþaskūlidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unþaskūlidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unþaskūliþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
unþaskūlidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unþaskūlidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unþaskūlijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
unþaskūlidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
unþaskūliþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
unþaskūlidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
unþaskūlijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
unþaskūlidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
unþaskūlijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
unþaskūlidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
unþaskūlijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
unþaskūlidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unþaskūlijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
unþaskūlidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unþaskūlijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
unþaskūlidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
unþaskūlijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
unþaskūlidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
unþaskūlijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
unþaskūlidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
unþaskūli (class-1 present singular weak)
unþaskūliþ (class-1 plural present weak)
unþaskūlijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
unþaskūlid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: *undskūlia

West Frisian: ûntskûlje

Old Saxon: *andskūlian

desc

Middle Low German: entschūlen, enschūlen

Old Dutch: *antskūlan

Middle Dutch: ontsculen

Dutch: ontschuilen

Old High German: *intskūlen

Middle High German: entschūlen

From *unþa- (“away”) + *skūlijan (“to hide”).


unþahlastijan

unþahlastijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
unþahlastijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
unþahlastijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
unþahlastijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
unþahlastiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
unþahlastidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
unþahlastisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
unþahlastidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unþahlastidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unþahlastiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
unþahlastidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unþahlastidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unþahlastijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
unþahlastidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
unþahlastiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
unþahlastidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
unþahlastijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
unþahlastidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
unþahlastijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
unþahlastidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
unþahlastijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
unþahlastidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
unþahlastijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
unþahlastidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
unþahlastijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
unþahlastidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
unþahlastijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
unþahlastidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
unþahlastijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
unþahlastidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
unþahlasti (class-1 present singular weak)
unþahlastiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
unþahlastijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
unþahlastid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: *undhlesta

West Frisian: ûntlêste

Old Saxon: *andhlastian

Middle Low German: entlasten, enlasten

Old Dutch: *anthlasten

Middle Dutch: ontlasten

Dutch: ontlasten

Old High German: *inthslasten

Middle High German: entlasten

German: entlasten

From *unþa- (“away”) + *hlastijan (“to burden”).


hlastijan

hlastijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
hlastijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
hlastijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
hlastijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
hlastiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hlastidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hlastisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hlastidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hlastidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hlastiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hlastidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hlastidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hlastijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hlastidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hlastiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hlastidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hlastijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hlastidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hlastijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
hlastidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
hlastijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
hlastidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
hlastijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
hlastidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
hlastijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
hlastidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
hlastijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
hlastidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
hlastijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
hlastidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
hlasti (class-1 present singular weak)
hlastiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
hlastijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
hlastid (class-1 participle past weak)

*bihlastijan

*ubirhlastijan

*unþahlastijan

Old Saxon: *hlastian

Middle Low German: lasten, lasten

Old Dutch: *hlasten

Middle Dutch: lasten

Dutch: lasten

Old High German: *hlasten

Middle High German: lasten

German: lasten


ubirhlastijan

ubirhlastijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
ubirhlastijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
ubirhlastijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
ubirhlastijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
ubirhlastiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
ubirhlastidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
ubirhlastisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
ubirhlastidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ubirhlastidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ubirhlastiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
ubirhlastidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ubirhlastidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ubirhlastijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
ubirhlastidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
ubirhlastiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
ubirhlastidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
ubirhlastijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
ubirhlastidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
ubirhlastijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
ubirhlastidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
ubirhlastijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
ubirhlastidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
ubirhlastijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
ubirhlastidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
ubirhlastijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
ubirhlastidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
ubirhlastijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
ubirhlastidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
ubirhlastijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
ubirhlastidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
ubirhlasti (class-1 present singular weak)
ubirhlastiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
ubirhlastijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
ubirhlastid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: oferhlæstan

Old Frisian: *overhlesta

West Frisian: oerlêste

Old Saxon: *ovarhlastian

desc

Middle Low German: ȫverlasten, ōverlasten, averlasten

Old Dutch: *ovirhlasten

Middle Dutch: overlasten

Dutch: overlasten

Old High German: *ubarhlasten

Middle High German: überlesten, obirlesten

German: überlasten

From *ubir- (“over”) + *hlastijan (“to burden”).


bihlastijan

bihlastijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
bihlastijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
bihlastijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
bihlastijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
bihlastiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
bihlastidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
bihlastisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
bihlastidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bihlastidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bihlastiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
bihlastidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
bihlastidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
bihlastijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
bihlastidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
bihlastiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
bihlastidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
bihlastijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
bihlastidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
bihlastijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
bihlastidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
bihlastijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
bihlastidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
bihlastijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
bihlastidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
bihlastijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
bihlastidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
bihlastijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
bihlastidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
bihlastijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
bihlastidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
bihlasti (class-1 present singular weak)
bihlastiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
bihlastijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
bihlastid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: behlæstan
English: belast

Old Frisian: *bihlesta

West Frisian: belêste

Old Saxon: *bihlastian

Middle Low German: belasten

Old Dutch: *bihlasten

Middle Dutch: belasten

Dutch: belasten

Old High German: *bihslasten

Middle High German: belasten

German: belasten


brunsti

brunsti (nominative singular)
brunstī (nominative plural)
brunsti (accusative singular)
brunstī (accusative plural)
brunstī (genitive singular)
brunstijō (genitive plural)
brunstī (dative singular)
brunstim (dative plural)
brunstijum (dative plural)
brunstī (instrumental singular)
brunstim (instrumental plural)
brunstijum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *brunst

Middle Low German: brunst

Old Dutch: *brunst

Middle Dutch: brunst, bronst

Dutch: bronst

Old High German: brunst

Middle High German: brunst

Alemannic German: Brunscht

German: Brunst

→? Medieval Latin: bronzium

Italian: bronzo (see there for further descendants)

Venetian: bronza

From Proto-Germanic *brunstiz (“burning”). Equivalent to *brinnan (“to burn”) + *-þi


nāhwist(ō)

Old English: nīehsta, nīehste

Middle English: nexte, nexste, nixte

English: next

Old Frisian: nest

Saterland Frisian: naist

Old Saxon: nāhisto

Old Dutch: *nāist, *nāst

Middle Dutch: naest

Dutch: naast

Afrikaans: naaste

desctree

Old High German: nāhisto
German: nächster
Yiddish: נעקסט (nekst)

superlative degree of *nāhw (“near”): nearest, closest


nāhw

head

*nāhw (comparative *nāhuriʀ(ō), superlative *nāhwist(ō))

nāhuriʀ (comparative)
nāhwist (superlative)

desctree

Old English: nēah, nēa, nēh, nīh
Middle English: neygh, nygh, nye, nyȝ, nighe
English: nigh
Scots: ne, ney
Yola: neeghe, nich

Old Frisian: nach, nā, nēi, nī

Saterland Frisian: nai

West Frisian: nei

Old Saxon: nāh

Middle Low German: nâch, nâ

German Low German: na, nao, nå

Old Dutch: nāh

Middle Dutch: na
Dutch: na
Afrikaans: na
Limburgish: nao

Old High German: nāh

Middle High German: nāh

German: nah, nach

Luxembourgish: no


samō

Old English: sama, same, some

Middle English: same

English: same

Scots: same

Old Saxon: sama, samo
Middle Low German: same, sam

Old Dutch: samo

Old High German: samo

Middle High German: same, sam


seldalīk

seldalīk (masculine nominative singular)
seldalīku (feminine nominative singular)
seldalīk (neuter nominative singular)
seldalīkanā (accusative masculine singular)
seldalīkā (accusative feminine singular)
seldalīk (accusative neuter singular)
seldalīkas (genitive masculine singular)
seldalīkeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
seldalīkas (genitive neuter singular)
seldalīkumē (dative masculine singular)
seldalīkeʀē (dative feminine singular)
seldalīkumē (dative neuter singular)
seldalīku (instrumental masculine singular)
seldalīkeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
seldalīku (instrumental neuter singular)
seldalīkē (masculine nominative plural)
seldalīkō (feminine nominative plural)
seldalīku (neuter nominative plural)
seldalīkā (accusative masculine plural)
seldalīkā (accusative feminine plural)
seldalīku (accusative neuter plural)
seldalīkeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
seldalīkeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
seldalīkeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
seldalīkēm (dative masculine plural)
seldalīkum (dative masculine plural)
seldalīkēm (dative feminine plural)
seldalīkum (dative feminine plural)
seldalīkēm (dative neuter plural)
seldalīkum (dative neuter plural)
seldalīkēm (instrumental masculine plural)
seldalīkum (instrumental masculine plural)
seldalīkēm (feminine instrumental plural)
seldalīkum (feminine instrumental plural)
seldalīkēm (instrumental neuter plural)
seldalīkum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: sellīċ, seldlīċ, syllīċ
Middle English: selly, sellich, sillich, sullich, seollich
English: selly
Scots: selly, silly

Old Saxon: seldlīk

From Proto-Germanic *seldalīkaz. Equivalent to *seld (“rare”) + *-līk.


seldanā

Old English: seldan, seldum
Middle English: selden, seilden, seldom
Scots: seld, seldin, seendil
English: seldom

Old Frisian: sielden

Saterland Frisian: säilden

West Frisian: komselden

Old Saxon: seldan
Middle Low German: selden

Old Dutch: *seldan

Middle Dutch: selden

Dutch: zelden
Afrikaans: selde
Negerhollands: selden

Old High German: seltan; *seldan (Central German)

Middle High German: selten; selden

Alemannic German: selte

German: selten

desc

Central Franconian: säle, seale, selle, selde

Luxembourgish: sielen

Yiddish: זעלטן (zeltn)

From Proto-Germanic *seldanē. Equivalent to *seld (“rare”) + *-anā (ablative adverb suffix).


seldasam

Old Frisian: *seldsum

Saterland Frisian: säildsoam

West Frisian: selsum, seldsum

Old Saxon: *seldsam

desc

Middle Low German: seltsam, seltsem, seltzam, seltzem

→ Swedish: sällsam

→ Old Danish: sjældsom

Danish: sælsom

Old Dutch: *seltsam

Middle Dutch: seltsam

Dutch: zeldzaam

Old High German: *seltsam

Middle High German: seltsam

German: seltsam


nāhuriʀ(ō)

Old English: nēar, nēarra

Middle English: ner, nere

Scots: nere, neir

English: near

Old Frisian: niār

Saterland Frisian: naier

West Frisian: neier

Old Saxon: nāhōr

Middle Low German: nâr; nârre

(German Low German: nahder)

Old Dutch: *nāor

Middle Dutch: naer; naerre

Dutch: naar

Afrikaans: naar

Old High German: nāhōr

Middle High German: nāher, nāhere, næher, nār

German: näher

Perhaps from Proto-Germanic *nēhuriʀô, from *nēhw + *-r + *-izô.

cat

Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-iʀō

comparative degree of *nāhw (“near”): closer, nearer


hailasam

Old English: *hālsum, *hǣlsum

desctree

Middle English: holsom
English: holesome, wholesome
Scots: halsum, hailsome

Old Frisian: *hālsum

Saterland Frisian: heelsoam

West Frisian: heilsum

⇒ Old Frisian: bihālsum

Old Saxon: hēlsam

Middle Low German: hêlsam, heilsam

German Low German: heelsaam

Old Dutch: *heilsam

Middle Dutch: heilsam, heilsom

Dutch: heelzaam, heilzaam

Old High German: heilsam, heilisam

Middle High German: heilsam

German: heilsam

From Proto-Germanic *hailasamaz. Equivalent to *hail (“healthy, whole”) + *-sam.


unhauʀisam

desc

Old English: unhīrsum, unhērsum, unhȳrsum

Middle English: unhersum

⇒ Old English: unhīrsumness, unhȳrsumness

Middle English: unhersumnesse, unhersamnesse

Old Frisian: *unhārsum

West Frisian: ûnhearsum

Old Saxon: *unhōrsam

Middle Low German: unhōrsam, unhōrsem

Old Dutch: *unhōrsam

Middle Dutch: onhoorsam

Dutch: onhoorzaam

Old High German: unhōrsam

Middle High German: unhōrsam, unhōrsame


gahauʀisam

desctree

Old English: ġehīersum, ġehīrsum, ġehȳrsum
Middle English: ȝehyrsum, hihersam, ihersum, hersum (coalesced with descendant of hȳrsum)
English: hearsome

Old Frisian: *gehērsum

West Frisian: gehearsum

Old Saxon: *gihōrsam

Middle Low German: gehôrsam

German Low German: gehorsaam, gehorsom

Old Dutch: *gihōrsam

Middle Dutch: gehorsam

Dutch: gehoorzaam
Afrikaans: gehoorsaam
Negerhollands: gehoorsaam
→ West Frisian: gehoarsum

Old High German: gihōrsam

Middle High German: gehōrsam

Alemannic German: ghorsam

German: gehorsam

Yiddish: געהאָרכזאַם (gehorkhzam)

From either *gahauʀijan (“to listen; to obey”) + *-sam, or *ga- + *hauʀisam (“obedient”).


gahauʀijan

gahauʀijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
gahauʀijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
gahauʀijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
gahauʀijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
gahauʀiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gahauʀidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gahauʀisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gahauʀidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gahauʀidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gahauʀiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gahauʀidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gahauʀidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gahauʀijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gahauʀidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gahauʀiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gahauʀidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gahauʀijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gahauʀidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gahauʀijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
gahauʀidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
gahauʀijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
gahauʀidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
gahauʀijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
gahauʀidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
gahauʀijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
gahauʀidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
gahauʀijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
gahauʀidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
gahauʀijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
gahauʀidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
gahauʀi (class-1 present singular weak)
gahauʀiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
gahauʀijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
gahauʀid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: ġehīeran, ġehīran, ġehȳran, ġehēran
Middle English: iheren, yheren

Old Saxon: gihōrian
Middle Low German: gehoren

Old Dutch: gihōren

Middle Dutch: gehoren

Old High German: gihōrian

Middle High German: gehœren

German: gehören

Yiddish: געהערן (gehern)

From Proto-Germanic *gahauzijaną. Equivalent to *ga- + *hauʀijan (“to hear”)


dusīg

dusīg (masculine nominative singular)
dusīgu (feminine nominative singular)
dusīg (neuter nominative singular)
dusīganā (accusative masculine singular)
dusīgā (accusative feminine singular)
dusīg (accusative neuter singular)
dusīgas (genitive masculine singular)
dusīgeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
dusīgas (genitive neuter singular)
dusīgumē (dative masculine singular)
dusīgeʀē (dative feminine singular)
dusīgumē (dative neuter singular)
dusīgu (instrumental masculine singular)
dusīgeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
dusīgu (instrumental neuter singular)
dusīgē (masculine nominative plural)
dusīgō (feminine nominative plural)
dusīgu (neuter nominative plural)
dusīgā (accusative masculine plural)
dusīgā (accusative feminine plural)
dusīgu (accusative neuter plural)
dusīgeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
dusīgeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
dusīgeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
dusīgēm (dative masculine plural)
dusīgum (dative masculine plural)
dusīgēm (dative feminine plural)
dusīgum (dative feminine plural)
dusīgēm (dative neuter plural)
dusīgum (dative neuter plural)
dusīgēm (instrumental masculine plural)
dusīgum (instrumental masculine plural)
dusīgēm (feminine instrumental plural)
dusīgum (feminine instrumental plural)
dusīgēm (instrumental neuter plural)
dusīgum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: dysiġ, disiġ, dyseġ
Middle English: dysy, dusi (early West Midlands), desy (Kent)
English: dizzy
→ Dutch: dizzy
Scots: desy, dussie, dissy

Old Frisian: *dusich, *desich

Saterland Frisian: döäzig (possibly borrowed from Low German)

West Frisian: dûzich

Old Saxon: *dusig, *dosig

desc

Middle Low German: dǖsich, dosich, dȫsich

Low German: dusig, dösig, düsig

German Low German: dösig

→ German: dösig, dusig

→ Danish: døsig

→ Norwegian Bokmål: døsig

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: døsig

→ Swedish: dåsig

Old Dutch: *dusig, *dosig, *dosag

Middle Dutch: dosich, doesich, dosech

Dutch: deusich, duysigh (obsolete)

Old High German: tusīg

>? Middle High German: dæsic

German: däsig


hauʀisam

hauʀisam (masculine nominative singular)
hauʀisamu (feminine nominative singular)
hauʀisam (neuter nominative singular)
hauʀisamanā (accusative masculine singular)
hauʀisamā (accusative feminine singular)
hauʀisam (accusative neuter singular)
hauʀisamas (genitive masculine singular)
hauʀisameʀā (feminine genitive singular)
hauʀisamas (genitive neuter singular)
hauʀisamumē (dative masculine singular)
hauʀisameʀē (dative feminine singular)
hauʀisamumē (dative neuter singular)
hauʀisamu (instrumental masculine singular)
hauʀisameʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
hauʀisamu (instrumental neuter singular)
hauʀisamē (masculine nominative plural)
hauʀisamō (feminine nominative plural)
hauʀisamu (neuter nominative plural)
hauʀisamā (accusative masculine plural)
hauʀisamā (accusative feminine plural)
hauʀisamu (accusative neuter plural)
hauʀisameʀō (genitive masculine plural)
hauʀisameʀō (feminine genitive plural)
hauʀisameʀō (genitive neuter plural)
hauʀisamēm (dative masculine plural)
hauʀisamum (dative masculine plural)
hauʀisamēm (dative feminine plural)
hauʀisamum (dative feminine plural)
hauʀisamēm (dative neuter plural)
hauʀisamum (dative neuter plural)
hauʀisamēm (instrumental masculine plural)
hauʀisamum (instrumental masculine plural)
hauʀisamēm (feminine instrumental plural)
hauʀisamum (feminine instrumental plural)
hauʀisamēm (instrumental neuter plural)
hauʀisamum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: hīersum, hȳrsum, hērsum

gl

Middle English: hersum (coalesced with descendant of ġehīersum)

English: hearsome

Old Frisian: *hārsum

West Frisian: hearsum

Old Saxon: *hōrsam

desc

Middle Low German: hōrsam, hōrsem, hōrsum

Old Dutch: *hōrsam

Middle Dutch: hôorsam

Dutch: hoorzaam

Old High German: hōrsam

Middle High German: hōrsam


unhauʀisamahaidu

unhauʀisamahaidu (nominative singular)
unhauʀisamahaidiwi (nominative plural)
unhauʀisamahaidō (nominative plural)
unhauʀisamahaidu (accusative singular)
unhauʀisamahaidū (accusative plural)
unhauʀisamahaidō (genitive singular)
unhauʀisamahaidiwō (genitive plural)
unhauʀisamahaidiwi (dative singular)
unhauʀisamahaidō (dative singular)
unhauʀisamahaidum (dative plural)
unhauʀisamahaidu (instrumental singular)
unhauʀisamahaidum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: unhārsumhēd

West Frisian: ûnhearsumheid

Old Saxon: *unhōrsamhēd

Middle Low German: unhōrsāmhēt, unhōrsāmheit

Old Dutch: *unhōrsamhēd

Middle Dutch: onhoorsamheit

Dutch: onhoorzaamheid

Old High German: *unhōrsamheit

Middle High German: unhôrsamkeit

From *unhauʀisam (“disobedient”) + *-haidu (“-hood”).


ungahauʀisam

desctree

Old English: unġehīersum, unġehīrsum, unġehȳrsum
Middle English: unʒehersum

Old Saxon: ungihōrsam

desc

Middle Low German: ungehōrsam, ungehōrsem, ongehōrsam

German Low German: ungehorsaam

Old Dutch: *ungihōrsam

Middle Dutch: ongehoorsam

desctree

Dutch: ongehoorzaam
Afrikaans: ongehoorsaam
Negerhollands: ongehoorsaam, ongesaem
→ West Frisian: ûngehoarsum

Old High German: *ungihōrsam

Middle High German: ungehōrsam

German: ungehorsam


ungahauʀisamahaidu

ungahauʀisamahaidu (nominative singular)
ungahauʀisamahaidiwi (nominative plural)
ungahauʀisamahaidō (nominative plural)
ungahauʀisamahaidu (accusative singular)
ungahauʀisamahaidū (accusative plural)
ungahauʀisamahaidō (genitive singular)
ungahauʀisamahaidiwō (genitive plural)
ungahauʀisamahaidiwi (dative singular)
ungahauʀisamahaidō (dative singular)
ungahauʀisamahaidum (dative plural)
ungahauʀisamahaidu (instrumental singular)
ungahauʀisamahaidum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *ungihōrsamhēd

desc

Middle Low German: ungehōrsamkēt, ungehōrsamkeit

Old Dutch: *ungihōrsamhēd

Middle Dutch: ongehoorsamheit

desctree

Dutch: ongehoorzaamheid
Afrikaans: ongehoorsaamheid
Negerhollands: ongehoorsaamheit
→ West Frisian: ûngehoorsaamheid

Old High German: *ungihōrsamheit

Middle High German: ungehōrsamkeit

German: Ungehorsamkeit

From *ungahauʀisam (“disobedient”) + *-haidu (“-hood”).


ungahauʀīg

ungahauʀīg (masculine nominative singular)
ungahauʀīgu (feminine nominative singular)
ungahauʀīg (neuter nominative singular)
ungahauʀīganā (accusative masculine singular)
ungahauʀīgā (accusative feminine singular)
ungahauʀīg (accusative neuter singular)
ungahauʀīgas (genitive masculine singular)
ungahauʀīgeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
ungahauʀīgas (genitive neuter singular)
ungahauʀīgumē (dative masculine singular)
ungahauʀīgeʀē (dative feminine singular)
ungahauʀīgumē (dative neuter singular)
ungahauʀīgu (instrumental masculine singular)
ungahauʀīgeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
ungahauʀīgu (instrumental neuter singular)
ungahauʀīgē (masculine nominative plural)
ungahauʀīgō (feminine nominative plural)
ungahauʀīgu (neuter nominative plural)
ungahauʀīgā (accusative masculine plural)
ungahauʀīgā (accusative feminine plural)
ungahauʀīgu (accusative neuter plural)
ungahauʀīgeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
ungahauʀīgeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
ungahauʀīgeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
ungahauʀīgēm (dative masculine plural)
ungahauʀīgum (dative masculine plural)
ungahauʀīgēm (dative feminine plural)
ungahauʀīgum (dative feminine plural)
ungahauʀīgēm (dative neuter plural)
ungahauʀīgum (dative neuter plural)
ungahauʀīgēm (instrumental masculine plural)
ungahauʀīgum (instrumental masculine plural)
ungahauʀīgēm (feminine instrumental plural)
ungahauʀīgum (feminine instrumental plural)
ungahauʀīgēm (instrumental neuter plural)
ungahauʀīgum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Saxon: *ungihōrīg

Middle Low German: ungehȫrich

German Low German: ungehöörg

Old Dutch: *ungihōrīg

Middle Dutch: ungehorich

Dutch: ongehorig

Old High German: ungihōrīg

desc

Middle High German: ungehœric, ungehœrec

German: ungehörig


gahauʀīg

gahauʀīg (masculine nominative singular)
gahauʀīgu (feminine nominative singular)
gahauʀīg (neuter nominative singular)
gahauʀīganā (accusative masculine singular)
gahauʀīgā (accusative feminine singular)
gahauʀīg (accusative neuter singular)
gahauʀīgas (genitive masculine singular)
gahauʀīgeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
gahauʀīgas (genitive neuter singular)
gahauʀīgumē (dative masculine singular)
gahauʀīgeʀē (dative feminine singular)
gahauʀīgumē (dative neuter singular)
gahauʀīgu (instrumental masculine singular)
gahauʀīgeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
gahauʀīgu (instrumental neuter singular)
gahauʀīgē (masculine nominative plural)
gahauʀīgō (feminine nominative plural)
gahauʀīgu (neuter nominative plural)
gahauʀīgā (accusative masculine plural)
gahauʀīgā (accusative feminine plural)
gahauʀīgu (accusative neuter plural)
gahauʀīgeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
gahauʀīgeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
gahauʀīgeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
gahauʀīgēm (dative masculine plural)
gahauʀīgum (dative masculine plural)
gahauʀīgēm (dative feminine plural)
gahauʀīgum (dative feminine plural)
gahauʀīgēm (dative neuter plural)
gahauʀīgum (dative neuter plural)
gahauʀīgēm (instrumental masculine plural)
gahauʀīgum (instrumental masculine plural)
gahauʀīgēm (feminine instrumental plural)
gahauʀīgum (feminine instrumental plural)
gahauʀīgēm (instrumental neuter plural)
gahauʀīgum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Saxon: gihōrīg

Middle Low German: gehȫrich

Old Dutch: *gihōrīg

Middle Dutch: gehorich

Dutch: gehorig

Old High German: gihōrīg

Middle High German: gehœric, gehœrec, gehōric

German: gehörig

From *gahauʀijan (“to listen, hear”) + *-g, or *ga- + *hauʀīg (“obedient”).


unhauʀīg

unhauʀīg (masculine nominative singular)
unhauʀīgu (feminine nominative singular)
unhauʀīg (neuter nominative singular)
unhauʀīganā (accusative masculine singular)
unhauʀīgā (accusative feminine singular)
unhauʀīg (accusative neuter singular)
unhauʀīgas (genitive masculine singular)
unhauʀīgeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
unhauʀīgas (genitive neuter singular)
unhauʀīgumē (dative masculine singular)
unhauʀīgeʀē (dative feminine singular)
unhauʀīgumē (dative neuter singular)
unhauʀīgu (instrumental masculine singular)
unhauʀīgeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
unhauʀīgu (instrumental neuter singular)
unhauʀīgē (masculine nominative plural)
unhauʀīgō (feminine nominative plural)
unhauʀīgu (neuter nominative plural)
unhauʀīgā (accusative masculine plural)
unhauʀīgā (accusative feminine plural)
unhauʀīgu (accusative neuter plural)
unhauʀīgeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
unhauʀīgeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
unhauʀīgeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
unhauʀīgēm (dative masculine plural)
unhauʀīgum (dative masculine plural)
unhauʀīgēm (dative feminine plural)
unhauʀīgum (dative feminine plural)
unhauʀīgēm (dative neuter plural)
unhauʀīgum (dative neuter plural)
unhauʀīgēm (instrumental masculine plural)
unhauʀīgum (instrumental masculine plural)
unhauʀīgēm (feminine instrumental plural)
unhauʀīgum (feminine instrumental plural)
unhauʀīgēm (instrumental neuter plural)
unhauʀīgum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Frisian: unhêrich

West Frisian: ûnhearrich

Old Saxon: *unhōrīg

Middle Low German: unhȫrich, unhorich

German Low German: unhöörg

Old Dutch: *unhōrīg

Middle Dutch: unhorich, onhorech

Old High German: unhōrīg

Middle High German: unhœric, unhœrec


hauʀisamōn

hauʀisamōn (infinitive)
hauʀisamōnijas (genitive infinitive)
hauʀisamōnijē (dative infinitive)
hauʀisamōniju (infinitive instrumental)
hauʀisamō (first-person present singular)
hauʀisamōdā (first-person past singular)
hauʀisamōs (present second-person singular)
hauʀisamōdēs (past second-person singular)
hauʀisamōdōs (past second-person singular)
hauʀisamōþ (present singular third-person)
hauʀisamōdē (past singular third-person)
hauʀisamōdā (past singular third-person)
hauʀisamōm (first-person plural present)
hauʀisamōdum (first-person past plural)
hauʀisamōþ (plural present second-person)
hauʀisamōdud (past plural second-person)
hauʀisamōnþ (plural present third-person)
hauʀisamōdun (past plural third-person)
hauʀisamōdī (first-person past singular)
hauʀisamōdī (past second-person singular)
hauʀisamō (present singular third-person)
hauʀisamōdī (past singular third-person)
hauʀisamōdīm (first-person past plural)
hauʀisamōdīd (past plural second-person)
hauʀisamōn (plural present third-person)
hauʀisamōdīn (past plural third-person)
hauʀisamō (present singular)
hauʀisamōþ (plural present)
hauʀisamōndī (participle present)
hauʀisamōd (participle past)

Old English: hīersumian, hȳrsumian

Middle English: hersumen

Old Saxon: *hōrsamian

Middle Low German: hōrsāmen

Old Dutch: *hōrsamōn

Middle Dutch: hoorsāmen

Old High German: hōrsamōn

Middle High German: hōrsamen

German: horsamen


gahauʀisamōn

gahauʀisamōn (infinitive)
gahauʀisamōnijas (genitive infinitive)
gahauʀisamōnijē (dative infinitive)
gahauʀisamōniju (infinitive instrumental)
gahauʀisamō (first-person present singular)
gahauʀisamōdā (first-person past singular)
gahauʀisamōs (present second-person singular)
gahauʀisamōdēs (past second-person singular)
gahauʀisamōdōs (past second-person singular)
gahauʀisamōþ (present singular third-person)
gahauʀisamōdē (past singular third-person)
gahauʀisamōdā (past singular third-person)
gahauʀisamōm (first-person plural present)
gahauʀisamōdum (first-person past plural)
gahauʀisamōþ (plural present second-person)
gahauʀisamōdud (past plural second-person)
gahauʀisamōnþ (plural present third-person)
gahauʀisamōdun (past plural third-person)
gahauʀisamōdī (first-person past singular)
gahauʀisamōdī (past second-person singular)
gahauʀisamō (present singular third-person)
gahauʀisamōdī (past singular third-person)
gahauʀisamōdīm (first-person past plural)
gahauʀisamōdīd (past plural second-person)
gahauʀisamōn (plural present third-person)
gahauʀisamōdīn (past plural third-person)
gahauʀisamō (present singular)
gahauʀisamōþ (plural present)
gahauʀisamōndī (participle present)
gahauʀisamōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: ġehīersumian, ġehīrsumian, ġehȳrsumian — Late West Saxon
Middle English: ihersumen, ȝehyrsumen

Old Saxon: *gihōrsamian

Middle Low German: gehōrsāmen

Old Dutch: *gihōrsamōn

Middle Dutch: gehoorsamen

Dutch: gehoorzamen

Old High German: gihōrsamōn

Middle High German: gehōrsamen

German: gehorsamen

From *gahauʀisam (“obedient”) + *-ōn, or *ga- (“to obey”) + *hauʀisamōn.


hauʀīg

hauʀīg (masculine nominative singular)
hauʀīgu (feminine nominative singular)
hauʀīg (neuter nominative singular)
hauʀīganā (accusative masculine singular)
hauʀīgā (accusative feminine singular)
hauʀīg (accusative neuter singular)
hauʀīgas (genitive masculine singular)
hauʀīgeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
hauʀīgas (genitive neuter singular)
hauʀīgumē (dative masculine singular)
hauʀīgeʀē (dative feminine singular)
hauʀīgumē (dative neuter singular)
hauʀīgu (instrumental masculine singular)
hauʀīgeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
hauʀīgu (instrumental neuter singular)
hauʀīgē (masculine nominative plural)
hauʀīgō (feminine nominative plural)
hauʀīgu (neuter nominative plural)
hauʀīgā (accusative masculine plural)
hauʀīgā (accusative feminine plural)
hauʀīgu (accusative neuter plural)
hauʀīgeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
hauʀīgeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
hauʀīgeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
hauʀīgēm (dative masculine plural)
hauʀīgum (dative masculine plural)
hauʀīgēm (dative feminine plural)
hauʀīgum (dative feminine plural)
hauʀīgēm (dative neuter plural)
hauʀīgum (dative neuter plural)
hauʀīgēm (instrumental masculine plural)
hauʀīgum (instrumental masculine plural)
hauʀīgēm (feminine instrumental plural)
hauʀīgum (feminine instrumental plural)
hauʀīgēm (instrumental neuter plural)
hauʀīgum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: *hīeriġ, *hȳriġ

⇒ Old English: hȳriġmann

Old Frisian: hērich, hēroch

West Frisian: hearrich

Old Saxon: *hōrīg

desc

Middle Low German: hȫrich, horrich, hoerich, hörich, horich

German Low German: höörg

Old Dutch: *hōrīg

Middle Dutch: horich

Dutch: horig

Old High German: *hōrīg

Middle High German: hœric, hœrec

German: hörig


tōhauʀijan

tōhauʀijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
tōhauʀijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
tōhauʀijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
tōhauʀijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
tōhauʀiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
tōhauʀidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
tōhauʀisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
tōhauʀidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tōhauʀidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tōhauʀiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
tōhauʀidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tōhauʀidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tōhauʀijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
tōhauʀidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
tōhauʀiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
tōhauʀidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
tōhauʀijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
tōhauʀidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
tōhauʀijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
tōhauʀidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
tōhauʀijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
tōhauʀidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
tōhauʀijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
tōhauʀidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
tōhauʀijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
tōhauʀidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
tōhauʀijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
tōhauʀidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
tōhauʀijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
tōhauʀidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
tōhauʀi (class-1 present singular weak)
tōhauʀiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
tōhauʀijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
tōhauʀid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old Frisian: tōhēra

West Frisian: tahearre

Old Saxon: *tōhōrian

Middle Low German: tōhȫren, tohoren, tūhȫren

Old Dutch: *tuohōren

Middle Dutch: toehoren

Dutch: toehoren

Old High German: *zuohōren

Middle High German: zuohœren

German: zuhören


ungahauʀīgahaidu

ungahauʀīgahaidu (nominative singular)
ungahauʀīgahaidiwi (nominative plural)
ungahauʀīgahaidō (nominative plural)
ungahauʀīgahaidu (accusative singular)
ungahauʀīgahaidū (accusative plural)
ungahauʀīgahaidō (genitive singular)
ungahauʀīgahaidiwō (genitive plural)
ungahauʀīgahaidiwi (dative singular)
ungahauʀīgahaidō (dative singular)
ungahauʀīgahaidum (dative plural)
ungahauʀīgahaidu (instrumental singular)
ungahauʀīgahaidum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *ungihōrīghēd

Middle Low German: ungehȫrichēt, ungehȫricheit

Old Dutch: *ungihōrīghēd

Middle Dutch: ongehoricheit

Dutch: ongehorigheid

Old High German: *ungihōrīgheit

Middle High German: *ungehœricheit, *ungehœrecheit

German: Ungehörigkeit (archaic)

אומגעהערכקייט

Yiddish: אומגעהערכקייט (umgeherkhkeyt)

From *ungahauʀīg (“disobedient”) + *-haidu (“-hood”).


hauʀīgahaidu

hauʀīgahaidu (nominative singular)
hauʀīgahaidiwi (nominative plural)
hauʀīgahaidō (nominative plural)
hauʀīgahaidu (accusative singular)
hauʀīgahaidū (accusative plural)
hauʀīgahaidō (genitive singular)
hauʀīgahaidiwō (genitive plural)
hauʀīgahaidiwi (dative singular)
hauʀīgahaidō (dative singular)
hauʀīgahaidum (dative plural)
hauʀīgahaidu (instrumental singular)
hauʀīgahaidum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *hōrīghēd

desc

Middle Low German: hōrichheit, hōrichēt, hōricheit

Old Dutch: *hōrīghēd

Middle Dutch: horicheit

Dutch: horigheid

Old High German: *hōrīgheit

Middle High German: hœricheit, hœrecheit

German: Hörigkeit

From *hauʀīg (“obedient, serfish”) + *-haidu (“-hood”).


bausihaidu

bausihaidu (nominative singular)
bausihaidiwi (nominative plural)
bausihaidō (nominative plural)
bausihaidu (accusative singular)
bausihaidū (accusative plural)
bausihaidō (genitive singular)
bausihaidiwō (genitive plural)
bausihaidiwi (dative singular)
bausihaidō (dative singular)
bausihaidum (dative plural)
bausihaidu (instrumental singular)
bausihaidum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *bōshēd

Middle Low German: bȫshēt, bȫsheit

German Low German: Baoshait

→ Old Frisian: boshēd

Saterland Frisian: Booshaid

Old Dutch: *bōsheid

Middle Dutch: boosheit

desctree

Dutch: boosheid
Negerhollands: boosigheit, bosheit, boosheid
→ Aukan: buusen

Old High German: bōsheit

Middle High German: bōsheit, bœsheit

German: Bosheit

From *bausī (“evil”) + *-haidu (“-hood”).


erþubibungu

erþubibungu (nominative singular)
erþubibungō (nominative plural)
erþubibungā (accusative singular)
erþubibungā (accusative plural)
erþubibungā (genitive singular)
erþubibungō (genitive plural)
erþubibungē (dative singular)
erþubibungōm (dative plural)
erþubibungum (dative plural)
erþubibungu (instrumental singular)
erþubibungōm (instrumental plural)
erþubibungum (instrumental plural)

Old English: eorþbeofung

Middle English: erthbivung

Old Frisian: erthbivinge

Old Saxon: erđbiƀunga

Middle Low German: erthbevinge

Old Dutch: *erthbivunga

Middle Dutch: erdbevinge

Dutch: aardbeving
Afrikaans: aardbewing
Negerhollands: aerdbeeving

Old High German: erdbibunga

Middle High German: erdbibunge

*erþu + *bibungu (from the verb *bibēn (“to tremble”))


bausī

bausī (masculine nominative singular)
bausiju (feminine nominative singular)
bausī (neuter nominative singular)
bausijanā (accusative masculine singular)
bausijā (accusative feminine singular)
bausī (accusative neuter singular)
bausijas (genitive masculine singular)
bausijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
bausijas (genitive neuter singular)
bausijumē (dative masculine singular)
bausijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
bausijumē (dative neuter singular)
bausiju (instrumental masculine singular)
bausijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
bausiju (instrumental neuter singular)
bausijē (masculine nominative plural)
bausijō (feminine nominative plural)
bausiju (neuter nominative plural)
bausijā (accusative masculine plural)
bausijā (accusative feminine plural)
bausiju (accusative neuter plural)
bausijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
bausijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
bausijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
bausijēm (dative masculine plural)
bausijum (dative masculine plural)
bausijēm (dative feminine plural)
bausijum (dative feminine plural)
bausijēm (dative neuter plural)
bausijum (dative neuter plural)
bausijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
bausijum (instrumental masculine plural)
bausijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
bausijum (feminine instrumental plural)
bausijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
bausijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Saxon: bōsi

Middle Low German: bōse

German Low German: böös

→ Old Frisian: bose

West Frisian: boas, boase

Old Dutch: bōsi
Middle Dutch: bôse
Dutch: boos
Afrikaans: boos

Old High German: bōsi, pōsi
Middle High German: bōse
Alemannic German: bös
Swabian: béés, béas
Bavarian: bees
Cimbrian: pöoze
German: böse
Luxembourgish: béis
Yiddish: בייז (beyz)

desc

→ Vulgar Latin: *bausia, *bosius, *bōsia

Old French: boise, boisie

→ Middle High German: posse

German: Posse

→ Middle Low German: bosse, bōtze

Old Occitan: bauzia

Occitan: bauze; bauzia; bauzar

→ Italian: bugia; bugiare; bugiardo

→ English: bugiard

From Proto-Germanic *bausuz + *-ī (adjective suffix).


portik

purtik (nominative singular)
purtikō (nominative plural)
purtikōs (nominative plural)
purtik (accusative singular)
purtikā (accusative plural)
purtikas (genitive singular)
purtikō (genitive plural)
purtikē (dative singular)
purtikum (dative plural)
purtiku (instrumental singular)
purtikum (instrumental plural)

Old English: portiċ

Old Saxon: *portik

Middle Low German: portik

→ Swedish: portik

Old Dutch: *portik

Middle Dutch: portinc

Old High German: pforzih

Middle High German: pforzich


skōhasūtārī

skōhasūtārī (nominative singular)
skōhasūtārijō (nominative plural)
skōhasūtārijōs (nominative plural)
skōhasūtārī (accusative singular)
skōhasūtārijā (accusative plural)
skōhasūtārijas (genitive singular)
skōhasūtārijō (genitive plural)
skōhasūtārijē (dative singular)
skōhasūtārijum (dative plural)
skōhasūtāriju (instrumental singular)
skōhasūtārijum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *skōhsūtāri

Middle High German: schōstære, schōster, schoester, schoister, schuoster, schuester

Old Dutch: *skuohsūtāri

Middle Dutch: schoesutter, scoesutter, scoensutter, schoesitter

Dutch: schoensutter

Old High German: *skuohsūteri

Middle High German: schuochsūtære, schuochsūter, schuochster, schuohster, schuostære, schuoster, sūster

German: Schuster

From *skōh (“shoe”) + *sūtārī (“shoemaker”).

cat

Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ārī


wīwārī

wīwārī (nominative singular)
wīwārijō (nominative plural)
wīwārijōs (nominative plural)
wīwārī (accusative singular)
wīwārijā (accusative plural)
wīwārijas (genitive singular)
wīwārijō (genitive plural)
wīwārijē (dative singular)
wīwārijum (dative plural)
wīwāriju (instrumental singular)
wīwārijum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: wīhiri

Old Dutch: *wīwāri

desc

Middle Dutch: wuwere, wuwer, wouwer, wiër, wijer

q

displaced by the doublet <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">vijver</i> < Old French

Dutch: wijer (displaced by the doublet vijver < Old French)

Old High German: wīwāri, wīāri

desc

Middle High German: wīwære, wīwer, wīer, wīger, wīher

Bavarian: Weiha

Central Franconian: Weiher

Luxembourgish: Weier

German: Weiher

Borrowed from Latin vīvārium (“park, enclosure”).


ankurō

ankurō (nominative singular)
ankuran (nominative plural)
ankuran (accusative singular)
ankuran (accusative plural)
ankurini (genitive singular)
ankuran (genitive singular)
ankuranō (genitive plural)
ankurini (dative singular)
ankuran (dative singular)
ankurum (dative plural)
ankurini (instrumental singular)
ankuran (instrumental singular)
ankurum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: ancor
Middle English: anker, ancre, aunkir, ankor, ankur, ankir, ancher, ancour, hanker
English: anchor (see there for further descendants)
Scots: anchor, anker

Old Frisian: anker, onker

West Frisian: anker

Old Saxon: *ankaro

Middle High German: anker, ankor, ankar

Old Dutch: *ankaro

Middle Dutch: anker

Dutch: anker
Afrikaans: anker
Negerhollands: anker, henka, heṅku
→ Lokono: anker
→ Indonesian: angker
→ Papiamentu: anker
→ Sranan Tongo: ankra (see there for further descendants)

Old High German: ankero, anker

Middle High German: anker

German: Anker (see there for further descendants)


sūtārī

sūtārī (nominative singular)
sūtārijō (nominative plural)
sūtārijōs (nominative plural)
sūtārī (accusative singular)
sūtārijā (accusative plural)
sūtārijas (genitive singular)
sūtārijō (genitive plural)
sūtārijē (dative singular)
sūtārijum (dative plural)
sūtāriju (instrumental singular)
sūtārijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: sūtere
Middle English: soutere, sotter, sotur, souter, soutre, sowtar, sowtare, sowter, sowtere, sutare, suter, sutere, sutter, zoutere (Kent)
English: souter
Scots: souter, sutter
→ Old Norse: sútari
Old Swedish: sūtare
→ Finnish: suutari

Old Frisian: sūter

North Frisian: sütter

Old Saxon: *sūtāri

Middle High German: sūtære, sūter

Old Dutch: *sūtāri

Middle Dutch: suttere, sutter, suttre

Old High German: sūtāri

Middle High German: sūtære, sūter

Alemannic German: Suter


plūmufeþru

plūmufeþru (nominative singular)
plūmufeþrō (nominative plural)
plūmufeþrā (accusative singular)
plūmufeþrā (accusative plural)
plūmufeþrā (genitive singular)
plūmufeþrō (genitive plural)
plūmufeþrē (dative singular)
plūmufeþrōm (dative plural)
plūmufeþrum (dative plural)
plūmufeþru (instrumental singular)
plūmufeþrōm (instrumental plural)
plūmufeþrum (instrumental plural)

Old English: plūmfeþer

Old Saxon: *plūmfethara

desc

Middle Low German: plūmevēdere, plūmevedder, plūmvedder

Old Dutch: *plūmfethera

Middle Dutch: *plūmvedere

Dutch: pluimveder

Old High German: pflūmfedera, pflūmfedara

Middle High German: pflūmvedere, pflūmvedre

German: Flaumfeder

From *plūmu (“down feather”) + *feþru (“feather”).


plūmu

plūmu (nominative singular)
plūmō (nominative plural)
plūmā (accusative singular)
plūmā (accusative plural)
plūmā (genitive singular)
plūmō (genitive plural)
plūmē (dative singular)
plūmōm (dative plural)
plūmum (dative plural)
plūmu (instrumental singular)
plūmōm (instrumental plural)
plūmum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *plūma

desc

Middle Low German: plūme, plǖme, ployme, pleume

Old Dutch: *plūma

Middle Dutch: plūme

Dutch: pluim

Old High German: *pflūma

Middle High German: pflūme

German: Pflaum, Pflaume (archaic)

→ German: Flaum (from East Central German)

Borrowed from Latin plūma (“feather, plume”).


skōhawurhtijō

skōhawurhtijō (nominative singular)
skōhawurhtijan (nominative plural)
skōhawurhtijan (accusative singular)
skōhawurhtijan (accusative plural)
skōhawurhtijini (genitive singular)
skōhawurhtijan (genitive singular)
skōhawurhtijanō (genitive plural)
skōhawurhtijini (dative singular)
skōhawurhtijan (dative singular)
skōhawurhtijum (dative plural)
skōhawurhtijini (instrumental singular)
skōhawurhtijan (instrumental singular)
skōhawurhtijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: scōhwyrhta

Old Saxon: *skōhwurhtio

Middle Low German: schōwrechte, schōwerchte, schowerchte, schōwerte, schowerte

Old High German: *skuohwurhto

Middle High German: schuochwürhte, schuochworhte, schuowurte, schuoworte

From *skōh (“shoe”) + *wurhtijō (“wright”).


skōhamakārī

skōhamakārī (nominative singular)
skōhamakārijō (nominative plural)
skōhamakārijōs (nominative plural)
skōhamakārī (accusative singular)
skōhamakārijā (accusative plural)
skōhamakārijas (genitive singular)
skōhamakārijō (genitive plural)
skōhamakārijē (dative singular)
skōhamakārijum (dative plural)
skōhamakāriju (instrumental singular)
skōhamakārijum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: skōchmaker, skōmaker

Old Saxon: *skōhmakāri

Middle Low German: schōmākære, schōmāker, schōmākere, scoumāker, schōmacker, schumāker

German Low German: Schoomaker

→ Danish: skomager

→ Middle English: scho makere

English: shoemaker

→ Norwegian: skomaker

Old Dutch: *skuohmakāri

Middle Dutch: schoenmaker, schoemaker

desctree

Dutch: schoenmaker
Afrikaans: skoenmaker
Negerhollands: skoenmaaker

→ West Frisian: skuonmakker

Old High German: *skuohmahhāri

desc

Middle High German: schuochmachære, schuochmacher, schuochmechære

Dutch: Schuhmacher

From *skōh (“shoe”) + *makārī (“maker”).


pundu

pundu (nominative singular)
pundiwi (nominative plural)
pundō (nominative plural)
pundu (accusative singular)
pundū (accusative plural)
pundō (genitive singular)
pundiwō (genitive plural)
pundiwi (dative singular)
pundō (dative singular)
pundum (dative plural)
pundu (instrumental singular)
pundum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: *pund
Middle English: pund, pound, pond
English: pound, pond
Scots: pund, pond, poind, pound

Uncertain; presumably related to Old English penn (“enclosure, fold, pen”), possibly from unattested verb *punnan (“to lock; to enclose”) + *-þu. Perhaps further related to *pinnā (“peg, pin, bolt”).


pīnōn

pīnōn (infinitive)
pīnōnijas (genitive infinitive)
pīnōnijē (dative infinitive)
pīnōniju (infinitive instrumental)
pīnō (first-person present singular)
pīnōdā (first-person past singular)
pīnōs (present second-person singular)
pīnōdēs (past second-person singular)
pīnōdōs (past second-person singular)
pīnōþ (present singular third-person)
pīnōdē (past singular third-person)
pīnōdā (past singular third-person)
pīnōm (first-person plural present)
pīnōdum (first-person past plural)
pīnōþ (plural present second-person)
pīnōdud (past plural second-person)
pīnōnþ (plural present third-person)
pīnōdun (past plural third-person)
pīnōdī (first-person past singular)
pīnōdī (past second-person singular)
pīnō (present singular third-person)
pīnōdī (past singular third-person)
pīnōdīm (first-person past plural)
pīnōdīd (past plural second-person)
pīnōn (plural present third-person)
pīnōdīn (past plural third-person)
pīnō (present singular)
pīnōþ (plural present)
pīnōndī (participle present)
pīnōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: pīnian
Middle English: pinen
English: pine
Scots: pine

Old High German: pīnōn

Middle High German: pīnen

German: peinen (archaic, dialectal)


glitinōn

glitinōn (infinitive)
glitinōnijas (genitive infinitive)
glitinōnijē (dative infinitive)
glitinōniju (infinitive instrumental)
glitinō (first-person present singular)
glitinōdā (first-person past singular)
glitinōs (present second-person singular)
glitinōdēs (past second-person singular)
glitinōdōs (past second-person singular)
glitinōþ (present singular third-person)
glitinōdē (past singular third-person)
glitinōdā (past singular third-person)
glitinōm (first-person plural present)
glitinōdum (first-person past plural)
glitinōþ (plural present second-person)
glitinōdud (past plural second-person)
glitinōnþ (plural present third-person)
glitinōdun (past plural third-person)
glitinōdī (first-person past singular)
glitinōdī (past second-person singular)
glitinō (present singular third-person)
glitinōdī (past singular third-person)
glitinōdīm (first-person past plural)
glitinōdīd (past plural second-person)
glitinōn (plural present third-person)
glitinōdīn (past plural third-person)
glitinō (present singular)
glitinōþ (plural present)
glitinōndī (participle present)
glitinōd (participle past)

Old English: glitnian
Middle English: glitenen
English: glitten

Old High German: glizzinōn

Middle High German: glitzenen

From *glit + *-inōn. Closely related to the strong verb *glītan.


jāradag

jāradag (nominative singular)
jāradagō (nominative plural)
jāradagōs (nominative plural)
jāradag (accusative singular)
jāradagā (accusative plural)
jāradagas (genitive singular)
jāradagō (genitive plural)
jāradagē (dative singular)
jāradagum (dative plural)
jāradagu (instrumental singular)
jāradagum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *gēardæġ (attested as gēardagas (plural))

desc

Middle English: ȝere day, yeere day, yere day, ȝereday, ȝerday, yeerday

English: yearday

Scots: yeir day

Old Frisian: jērdei

West Frisian: jierdei

Old Saxon: *jārdag

Middle Low German: jârdach

⇒ Middle Low German: jârdāges (adverb)

Old Dutch: *jārdag

Middle Dutch: jaerdach

Dutch: jaardag

Old High German: *jārtag (attested as jārtaga (plural))

Middle High German: jārtac

German: Jahrtag

⇒ English: New Year's Day

Middle English: ȝeres-dai, ȝeres day, ȝeresday, yeeres dai, Yeeris Day, ȝere's day

jâresdach

Old Saxon: gērasdag, jārasdag; Middle Low German


wigalōn

wigalōn (infinitive)
wigalōnijas (genitive infinitive)
wigalōnijē (dative infinitive)
wigalōniju (infinitive instrumental)
wigalō (first-person present singular)
wigalōdā (first-person past singular)
wigalōs (present second-person singular)
wigalōdēs (past second-person singular)
wigalōdōs (past second-person singular)
wigalōþ (present singular third-person)
wigalōdē (past singular third-person)
wigalōdā (past singular third-person)
wigalōm (first-person plural present)
wigalōdum (first-person past plural)
wigalōþ (plural present second-person)
wigalōdud (past plural second-person)
wigalōnþ (plural present third-person)
wigalōdun (past plural third-person)
wigalōdī (first-person past singular)
wigalōdī (past second-person singular)
wigalō (present singular third-person)
wigalōdī (past singular third-person)
wigalōdīm (first-person past plural)
wigalōdīd (past plural second-person)
wigalōn (plural present third-person)
wigalōdīn (past plural third-person)
wigalō (present singular)
wigalōþ (plural present)
wigalōndī (participle present)
wigalōd (participle past)

Old English: wiglian

Old Saxon: *wigalon

Middle Low German: wichelen

desctree

Old Dutch: *wigalon
Middle Dutch: wiggelen, wichelen, wickelen
Dutch: wichelen, wijchelen

Either from *wigal (“prophetic”) + *-ōn or from *wikkōn (“to practice sorcery”) + *-lōn, taking it's -g- from the older plural stem.


knewōn

knewōn (infinitive)
knewōnijas (genitive infinitive)
knewōnijē (dative infinitive)
knewōniju (infinitive instrumental)
knewō (first-person present singular)
knewōdā (first-person past singular)
knewōs (present second-person singular)
knewōdēs (past second-person singular)
knewōdōs (past second-person singular)
knewōþ (present singular third-person)
knewōdē (past singular third-person)
knewōdā (past singular third-person)
knewōm (first-person plural present)
knewōdum (first-person past plural)
knewōþ (plural present second-person)
knewōdud (past plural second-person)
knewōnþ (plural present third-person)
knewōdun (past plural third-person)
knewōdī (first-person past singular)
knewōdī (past second-person singular)
knewō (present singular third-person)
knewōdī (past singular third-person)
knewōdīm (first-person past plural)
knewōdīd (past plural second-person)
knewōn (plural present third-person)
knewōdīn (past plural third-person)
knewō (present singular)
knewōþ (plural present)
knewōndī (participle present)
knewōd (participle past)

Old English: cnēowian

Old Frisian: kniāia, kniā

Old Saxon: *knion, *kneon

Middle Low German: knēen

Old Dutch: *cnion

Middle Dutch: cnien, cnieen

Old High German: *kneon, *knion

desc

Middle High German: kniewen, kniehen, knien

From *kneu (“knee”) + *-ōn. It possibly gained the sense 'to be related by blood' through Latin influence, because of the similarity between genū (“knee”) en genus (“family”).


kneulōn

kneulōn (infinitive)
kneulōnijas (genitive infinitive)
kneulōnijē (dative infinitive)
kneulōniju (infinitive instrumental)
kneulō (first-person present singular)
kneulōdā (first-person past singular)
kneulōs (present second-person singular)
kneulōdēs (past second-person singular)
kneulōdōs (past second-person singular)
kneulōþ (present singular third-person)
kneulōdē (past singular third-person)
kneulōdā (past singular third-person)
kneulōm (first-person plural present)
kneulōdum (first-person past plural)
kneulōþ (plural present second-person)
kneulōdud (past plural second-person)
kneulōnþ (plural present third-person)
kneulōdun (past plural third-person)
kneulōdī (first-person past singular)
kneulōdī (past second-person singular)
kneulō (present singular third-person)
kneulōdī (past singular third-person)
kneulōdīm (first-person past plural)
kneulōdīd (past plural second-person)
kneulōn (plural present third-person)
kneulōdīn (past plural third-person)
kneulō (present singular)
kneulōþ (plural present)
kneulōndī (participle present)
kneulōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: cnēowlian
Middle English: knelen, knewlen
English: kneel

Old Frisian: *kniālia

West Frisian: knielje

Old Saxon: *kniolon

Middle Low German: knēlen

→ Norwegian Bokmål: knele

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: knele, knela

→ Swedish: knäla

→ Danish: knæle

Old Dutch: *cniolon

Middle Dutch: cnielen
Dutch: knielen
Limburgish: knele

Old High German: *kneolon, *kniolon

Middle High German: knielen


falud

falud (nominative singular)
faludō (nominative plural)
faludōs (nominative plural)
falud (accusative singular)
faludā (accusative plural)
faludas (genitive singular)
faludō (genitive plural)
faludē (dative singular)
faludum (dative plural)
faludu (instrumental singular)
faludum (instrumental plural)

Old English: fald, falod, falud

Middle English: fald, fold, folde

Scots: fald, fauld

English: fold

→ Welsh: ffald

Old Saxon: faled, fald

Middle Low German: vālet, vālt, vōlt

→ Old Danish: fald

Danish: fold

→ Swedish: fålla

Old Dutch: *falod, faldo

Middle Dutch: vaelde, vaelt

Dutch: vaalt

Afrikaans: vaalt

→ Old French: falde, faude

Old High German: falt


hurnijā

hurnijā (nominative singular)
hurnijōn (nominative plural)
hurnijōn (accusative singular)
hurnijōn (accusative plural)
hurnijōn (genitive singular)
hurnijōnō (genitive plural)
hurnijōn (dative singular)
hurnijōm (dative plural)
hurnijum (dative plural)
hurnijōn (instrumental singular)
hurnijōm (instrumental plural)
hurnijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hyrne

desc

Middle English: hyrne, hürne, hirne, herne

Scots: hirne, hirn

English: hirn, hern

Old Frisian: herne, hirne

North Frisian: heern, hören, hjaarn, jaan

Saterland Frisian: Häidene

West Frisian: herne

Old Saxon: *hurnia, *hornia

Middle Low German: hurn, horne, harn, hoern

German Low German: Hörn

Old Dutch: *hurna, *horna

Middle Dutch: horne

Dutch: horn


hurning

hurning (nominative singular)
hurningō (nominative plural)
hurningōs (nominative plural)
hurning (accusative singular)
hurningā (accusative plural)
hurningas (genitive singular)
hurningō (genitive plural)
hurningē (dative singular)
hurningum (dative plural)
hurningu (instrumental singular)
hurningum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *horning

Middle Low German: horninc

>? German Low German: Hunk

Old Dutch: *horning

Middle Dutch: horninc, hornic, hurnic

Dutch: hornik

Dutch: horning (dialectal)

From Proto-Germanic *hurningaz, equivalent to *hurn + *-ing (diminutive suffix). Compare Old Norse hyrning (“corner, nook”).


pinnā

pinnā (nominative singular)
pinnōn (nominative plural)
pinnōn (accusative singular)
pinnōn (accusative plural)
pinnōn (genitive singular)
pinnōnō (genitive plural)
pinnōn (dative singular)
pinnōm (dative plural)
pinnum (dative plural)
pinnōn (instrumental singular)
pinnōm (instrumental plural)
pinnum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: pinn ?
Middle English: pinne, pin
English: pin
Scots: pinne, pin

Old Frisian: pinne m or f

Saterland Frisian: Pin m

West Frisian: pin m or f

Old Saxon: *pinna f, pinn, pin m

Middle Low German: pinne f, pin m
German Low German: Pinne f, Pinn m
→ German: Pinn, Pinne
→ Old Norse: pinni, pinnr
Icelandic: pinni
Norwegian: pinne
Swedish: pinn
Danish: pind

Old Dutch: *pinna f, *pinn m

Middle Dutch: pinne, penne f, pin m

Dutch: pin
→ Aukan: pina
⇒ Dutch: pintje (diminutive form)
→ Munsee: piinch

Old High German: pinna f, pfin m

Middle High German: pfinne f

⇒ Old High German: zitarpfin

Uncertain; often cited as being borrowed from Medieval Latin pinna, however the attestation of the meaning of “peg, pin, bolt” is late. Alternatively, an alteration of *finnā (“fin”), itself cognate with Latin pinna, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peyh₂-.

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache


punktō

punktō (nominative singular)
punktan (nominative plural)
punktan (accusative singular)
punktan (accusative plural)
punktini (genitive singular)
punktan (genitive singular)
punktanō (genitive plural)
punktini (dative singular)
punktan (dative singular)
punktum (dative plural)
punktini (instrumental singular)
punktan (instrumental singular)
punktum (instrumental plural)

Old English: punct

Old Saxon: *punkto

desc

Middle Low German: punct, pungt, punt, pont, puncte, punte

→ Old Norse: punktr

Old Dutch: *puncto

Middle Low German: punct, punt

Dutch: punt

Old High German: punkto, puncto

Middle High German: punct, punkt, punt, puncte

German: Punkt


āþmōn

āþmōn (infinitive)
āþmōnijas (genitive infinitive)
āþmōnijē (dative infinitive)
āþmōniju (infinitive instrumental)
āþmō (first-person present singular)
āþmōdā (first-person past singular)
āþmōs (present second-person singular)
āþmōdēs (past second-person singular)
āþmōdōs (past second-person singular)
āþmōþ (present singular third-person)
āþmōdē (past singular third-person)
āþmōdā (past singular third-person)
āþmōm (first-person plural present)
āþmōdum (first-person past plural)
āþmōþ (plural present second-person)
āþmōdud (past plural second-person)
āþmōnþ (plural present third-person)
āþmōdun (past plural third-person)
āþmōdī (first-person past singular)
āþmōdī (past second-person singular)
āþmō (present singular third-person)
āþmōdī (past singular third-person)
āþmōdīm (first-person past plural)
āþmōdīd (past plural second-person)
āþmōn (plural present third-person)
āþmōdīn (past plural third-person)
āþmō (present singular)
āþmōþ (plural present)
āþmōndī (participle present)
āþmōd (participle past)

Old English: ǣþmian

Old Frisian: ammia, ommia

West Frisian: amje, aamje

Old Saxon: *āthamon

Middle Low German: ādemen, ātmen

desctree

Old Dutch: *āthamon
Middle Dutch: âdemen, âsemen
Dutch: ademen, asemen, amen
Afrikaans: asem

Old High German: ādmōn, ātamōn, ātumōn

desc

Middle High German: ātemen, ætemen, ātmen

German: atmen


kūskō

Old Saxon: kūsko

Old High German: kūsko

Middle High German: kiusche

⇒ Old High German: unkūsko

Middle High German: unkiusche, unkūsche, unkunsche

German: unkeusch

From *kūskī (“chaste”) + *-ō (adverbial suffix).


kūskiþu

kūskiþu (nominative singular)
kūskiþō (nominative plural)
kūskiþā (accusative singular)
kūskiþā (accusative plural)
kūskiþā (genitive singular)
kūskiþō (genitive plural)
kūskiþē (dative singular)
kūskiþōm (dative plural)
kūskiþum (dative plural)
kūskiþu (instrumental singular)
kūskiþōm (instrumental plural)
kūskiþum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: kūskith

Old High German: kūskida

⇒ Old High German: unkūskida


kūskihaidu

kūskihaidu (nominative singular)
kūskihaidiwi (nominative plural)
kūskihaidō (nominative plural)
kūskihaidu (accusative singular)
kūskihaidū (accusative plural)
kūskihaidō (genitive singular)
kūskihaidiwō (genitive plural)
kūskihaidiwi (dative singular)
kūskihaidō (dative singular)
kūskihaidum (dative plural)
kūskihaidu (instrumental singular)
kūskihaidum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *kūskhēd

desc

Middle Low German: kǖschhēt, kǖschēt, kǖscheit, kuskheyt, kǖshēt, kǖsheit, kūseheit

Old Saxon: *kūskhēd

Middle High German: kiuschheit, kūscheit

Old Dutch: *kūskheid

Middle Dutch: cuuscheit

Dutch: kuisheid

Old High German: *kūskheit

German: Keuschheit


kūskilīkō

Old Saxon: *kūsklīko

Middle Low German: kǖschlīke, kǖschlīk

Old High German: *kūsklīhho

Middle High German: kiuschlīche, kūschlīche, kūslīche

From *kūskilīk (“chaste”) + *-ō (adverbial suffix) or *kūskī (“chaste”) + *-līkō.


unkūskihaidu

unkūskihaidu (nominative singular)
unkūskihaidiwi (nominative plural)
unkūskihaidō (nominative plural)
unkūskihaidu (accusative singular)
unkūskihaidū (accusative plural)
unkūskihaidō (genitive singular)
unkūskihaidiwō (genitive plural)
unkūskihaidiwi (dative singular)
unkūskihaidō (dative singular)
unkūskihaidum (dative plural)
unkūskihaidu (instrumental singular)
unkūskihaidum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: unkūskhēd

Old Saxon: *unkūskhēd

desc

Middle Low German: unkǖschhēt, unkǖschēt, unkǖscheit, unkūscheit, unkūsheit, unkǖskēt, unkǖskeit, unkusheit, unkuskheyt, onkǖschēt, onkǖscheit

Old Dutch: *unkūskheid

Middle Dutch: oncuuscheit

Dutch: onkuisheid

Old High German: *unkūskheit

Middle Low German: unkiuschheit, unkiuscheit

German: Unkeuschheit

From *unkūskī (“unchaste”) + *-haidu, or *un- + *kūskihaidu (“chastity”).


unkūskilīkō

Old Saxon: *unkūsklīko

Middle Low German: unkǖschlīke, unkūschlik

Old High German: *unkūsklīhho

From *un- + *kūskilīkō (“chastely”) or *unkūskilīk (“unchaste”) + *-ō.


unkūskī

unkūskī (masculine nominative singular)
unkūskiju (feminine nominative singular)
unkūskī (neuter nominative singular)
unkūskijanā (accusative masculine singular)
unkūskijā (accusative feminine singular)
unkūskī (accusative neuter singular)
unkūskijas (genitive masculine singular)
unkūskijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
unkūskijas (genitive neuter singular)
unkūskijumē (dative masculine singular)
unkūskijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
unkūskijumē (dative neuter singular)
unkūskiju (instrumental masculine singular)
unkūskijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
unkūskiju (instrumental neuter singular)
unkūskijē (masculine nominative plural)
unkūskijō (feminine nominative plural)
unkūskiju (neuter nominative plural)
unkūskijā (accusative masculine plural)
unkūskijā (accusative feminine plural)
unkūskiju (accusative neuter plural)
unkūskijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
unkūskijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
unkūskijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
unkūskijēm (dative masculine plural)
unkūskijum (dative masculine plural)
unkūskijēm (dative feminine plural)
unkūskijum (dative feminine plural)
unkūskijēm (dative neuter plural)
unkūskijum (dative neuter plural)
unkūskijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
unkūskijum (instrumental masculine plural)
unkūskijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
unkūskijum (feminine instrumental plural)
unkūskijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
unkūskijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Saxon: *unkūski

Middle Low German: unkǖsch, unkǖsche, unkūsch, unkǖs

Old Dutch: *unkūski

Middle Dutch: oncuusc

Dutch: onkuis

Old High German: unkūski, unkūsk

German: unkeusch


spēgl

spēgl (nominative singular)
spēglō (nominative plural)
spēglōs (nominative plural)
spēgl (accusative singular)
spēglā (accusative plural)
spēglas (genitive singular)
spēglō (genitive plural)
spēglē (dative singular)
spēglum (dative plural)
spēglu (instrumental singular)
spēglum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: spēgel

Old Saxon: spēgal, spiagal

Middle Low German: spēgel, speyl, spīgel, speigel, speiel

Low German: Spegel

Plautdietsch: Spieejel

→ Old Danish: speghæl

Danish: spejl

→ West Frisian: spegel

desctree

→ Old Norse: spegill
Faroese: spegil
Icelandic: spegill
Danish: spejl n
Norwegian Bokmål: speil n
Norwegian Nynorsk: spegel
→ Northern Sami: speadjal
→ Southern Sami: speejjele
Swedish: spegel c
→ Estonian: peegel
→ Finnish: peili
→ Ingrian: speili (from an early form)

Old Dutch: spēgal

Middle Dutch: spigel, spegel, spiegel

Dutch: spiegel
Afrikaans: spieël
→ Xhosa: isipili
Limburgish: spegel
Negerhollands: spiegel
Sranan Tongo: spikri, spigri
Aukan: sipikii
Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin: spikri
Saramaccan: sipéi, sipé
→ Kari'na: supukili
→ Papiamentu: spiel
→ Warao: mu-sebihi

Old High German: spiegal
Middle High German: spiegel
Bavarian: Spiagl
German: Spiegel
→ Esperanto: spegulo
→ Kashubian: szpédżel
→ Romansch: spievel, spieghel, spejel
→ Russian: с̌пи́гел (špígel)
Hunsrik: Spieghel
Luxembourgish: spiegel
Yiddish: שפּיגל (shpigl)

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *speglum, variant of Late Latin speclum.


kūskī

kūskī (masculine nominative singular)
kūskiju (feminine nominative singular)
kūskī (neuter nominative singular)
kūskijanā (accusative masculine singular)
kūskijā (accusative feminine singular)
kūskī (accusative neuter singular)
kūskijas (genitive masculine singular)
kūskijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
kūskijas (genitive neuter singular)
kūskijumē (dative masculine singular)
kūskijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
kūskijumē (dative neuter singular)
kūskiju (instrumental masculine singular)
kūskijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
kūskiju (instrumental neuter singular)
kūskijē (masculine nominative plural)
kūskijō (feminine nominative plural)
kūskiju (neuter nominative plural)
kūskijā (accusative masculine plural)
kūskijā (accusative feminine plural)
kūskiju (accusative neuter plural)
kūskijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
kūskijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
kūskijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
kūskijēm (dative masculine plural)
kūskijum (dative masculine plural)
kūskijēm (dative feminine plural)
kūskijum (dative feminine plural)
kūskijēm (dative neuter plural)
kūskijum (dative neuter plural)
kūskijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
kūskijum (instrumental masculine plural)
kūskijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
kūskijum (feminine instrumental plural)
kūskijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
kūskijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: cūsċ

Old Frisian: kūsk

West Frisian: kuwsch

Old Saxon: *kūski

Middle Low German: kǖsch, kǖsche

→ Danish: kysk

→ Norwegian: kysk

→ Swedish: kysk

Old Dutch: *kūski

Middle Dutch: cuusch

Dutch: kuis
Afrikaans: kuis

Old High German: kūski

desc

Middle High German: kiusche, kiusch, kūsch

German: keusch

Borrowed from Latin conscius (“conscious”) + *-ī (adjective suffix).


unkūskilīk

unkūskilīk (masculine nominative singular)
unkūskilīku (feminine nominative singular)
unkūskilīk (neuter nominative singular)
unkūskilīkanā (accusative masculine singular)
unkūskilīkā (accusative feminine singular)
unkūskilīk (accusative neuter singular)
unkūskilīkas (genitive masculine singular)
unkūskilīkeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
unkūskilīkas (genitive neuter singular)
unkūskilīkumē (dative masculine singular)
unkūskilīkeʀē (dative feminine singular)
unkūskilīkumē (dative neuter singular)
unkūskilīku (instrumental masculine singular)
unkūskilīkeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
unkūskilīku (instrumental neuter singular)
unkūskilīkē (masculine nominative plural)
unkūskilīkō (feminine nominative plural)
unkūskilīku (neuter nominative plural)
unkūskilīkā (accusative masculine plural)
unkūskilīkā (accusative feminine plural)
unkūskilīku (accusative neuter plural)
unkūskilīkeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
unkūskilīkeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
unkūskilīkeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
unkūskilīkēm (dative masculine plural)
unkūskilīkum (dative masculine plural)
unkūskilīkēm (dative feminine plural)
unkūskilīkum (dative feminine plural)
unkūskilīkēm (dative neuter plural)
unkūskilīkum (dative neuter plural)
unkūskilīkēm (instrumental masculine plural)
unkūskilīkum (instrumental masculine plural)
unkūskilīkēm (feminine instrumental plural)
unkūskilīkum (feminine instrumental plural)
unkūskilīkēm (instrumental neuter plural)
unkūskilīkum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Saxon: *unkūsklīk

desc

Middle Low German: unkǖschlīk, unkūschlik

Old Dutch: *kūsklīk

Middle Dutch: cuuscelike

Dutch: kuiselijk

Old High German: *unkūsklīh

Middle High German: unkiusche, unkūsche, unkunsche


kūskilīk

kūskilīk (masculine nominative singular)
kūskilīku (feminine nominative singular)
kūskilīk (neuter nominative singular)
kūskilīkanā (accusative masculine singular)
kūskilīkā (accusative feminine singular)
kūskilīk (accusative neuter singular)
kūskilīkas (genitive masculine singular)
kūskilīkeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
kūskilīkas (genitive neuter singular)
kūskilīkumē (dative masculine singular)
kūskilīkeʀē (dative feminine singular)
kūskilīkumē (dative neuter singular)
kūskilīku (instrumental masculine singular)
kūskilīkeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
kūskilīku (instrumental neuter singular)
kūskilīkē (masculine nominative plural)
kūskilīkō (feminine nominative plural)
kūskilīku (neuter nominative plural)
kūskilīkā (accusative masculine plural)
kūskilīkā (accusative feminine plural)
kūskilīku (accusative neuter plural)
kūskilīkeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
kūskilīkeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
kūskilīkeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
kūskilīkēm (dative masculine plural)
kūskilīkum (dative masculine plural)
kūskilīkēm (dative feminine plural)
kūskilīkum (dative feminine plural)
kūskilīkēm (dative neuter plural)
kūskilīkum (dative neuter plural)
kūskilīkēm (instrumental masculine plural)
kūskilīkum (instrumental masculine plural)
kūskilīkēm (feminine instrumental plural)
kūskilīkum (feminine instrumental plural)
kūskilīkēm (instrumental neuter plural)
kūskilīkum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Saxon: *kūsklīk

Middle Low German: kǖschlīk, kǖschelīk

Old High German: *kūsklīh

Middle High German: kiuschlich, kūschlich, kūslich


kurbit

kurbit (nominative singular)
kurbitō (nominative plural)
kurbitōs (nominative plural)
kurbit (accusative singular)
kurbitā (accusative plural)
kurbitas (genitive singular)
kurbitō (genitive plural)
kurbitē (dative singular)
kurbitum (dative plural)
kurbitu (instrumental singular)
kurbitum (instrumental plural)

Old English: cyrfæt, cyrfet

Middle English: curvet

Old Saxon: *kurbit

Middle Low German: körvet, kürft

Old Dutch: *kurbit

Middle Dutch: curvete

Old High German: kurbiz

Middle High German: kürbiz, kürbez

desctree

German: Kürbis, Kirbiß, Korbes, Kurbiß, Kürbiz, Kürbs, Kürbse, Kurwes
→ Latvian: ķirbis

Luxembourgish: Kürbis

Yiddish: קירבעס (kirbes)

→ Middle Dutch: corbesch

desc

→ Middle Low German: körves, korvese, körvis, körvitz, korbitz

desctree

→ Swedish: kurbits
→ Estonian: kõrvits
→ Finnish: kurpitsa

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *curbitus, from Latin cucurbita.


sklaregā

sklaregā (nominative singular)
sklaregōn (nominative plural)
sklaregōn (accusative singular)
sklaregōn (accusative plural)
sklaregōn (genitive singular)
sklaregōnō (genitive plural)
sklaregōn (dative singular)
sklaregōm (dative plural)
sklaregum (dative plural)
sklaregōn (instrumental singular)
sklaregōm (instrumental plural)
sklaregum (instrumental plural)

Old English: slarege, slarige

Old High German: sklarega

Borrowed from Latin sclarēa, sclarēia. Doublet of *skarlejā.


skarlejā

skarlejā (nominative singular)
skarlejōn (nominative plural)
skarlejōn (accusative singular)
skarlejōn (accusative plural)
skarlejōn (genitive singular)
skarlejōnō (genitive plural)
skarlejōn (dative singular)
skarlejōm (dative plural)
skarlejum (dative plural)
skarlejōn (instrumental singular)
skarlejōm (instrumental plural)
skarlejum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *skarleia

desc

Middle Low German: sterleie, sterleye, starleye

Old Dutch: *skarleia

Middle Dutch: scarleye, scaerleye, scerleye

Dutch: scharlei, scherlei

Old High German: skaraleia, scaraleia, skarlei, scareleia

Middle High German: scarleige, scarleie, scharlei

German: Scharlei

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *scarlēia (compare Italian scarlea), metathesized from Latin sclarēia. Doublet of *sklaregā.


þrangwōn

þrangwōn (infinitive)
þrangwōnijas (genitive infinitive)
þrangwōnijē (dative infinitive)
þrangwōniju (infinitive instrumental)
þrangwō (first-person present singular)
þrangwōdā (first-person past singular)
þrangwōs (present second-person singular)
þrangwōdēs (past second-person singular)
þrangwōdōs (past second-person singular)
þrangwōþ (present singular third-person)
þrangwōdē (past singular third-person)
þrangwōdā (past singular third-person)
þrangwōm (first-person plural present)
þrangwōdum (first-person past plural)
þrangwōþ (plural present second-person)
þrangwōdud (past plural second-person)
þrangwōnþ (plural present third-person)
þrangwōdun (past plural third-person)
þrangwōdī (first-person past singular)
þrangwōdī (past second-person singular)
þrangwō (present singular third-person)
þrangwōdī (past singular third-person)
þrangwōdīm (first-person past plural)
þrangwōdīd (past plural second-person)
þrangwōn (plural present third-person)
þrangwōdīn (past plural third-person)
þrangwō (present singular)
þrangwōþ (plural present)
þrangwōndī (participle present)
þrangwōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *thrangon

Middle Low German: drangen

q

implied by the past participle <i class="Latn mention" lang="odt">githrangad</i>

Old Dutch: thrangon (implied by the past participle githrangad)

Old High German: drangōn

Middle High German: drangen

From *þrangu (“pressing”) + *-ōn or *þrangu (“throng”) + *-ōn.


ainagōn

ainagōn (infinitive)
ainagōnijas (genitive infinitive)
ainagōnijē (dative infinitive)
ainagōniju (infinitive instrumental)
ainagō (first-person present singular)
ainagōdā (first-person past singular)
ainagōs (present second-person singular)
ainagōdēs (past second-person singular)
ainagōdōs (past second-person singular)
ainagōþ (present singular third-person)
ainagōdē (past singular third-person)
ainagōdā (past singular third-person)
ainagōm (first-person plural present)
ainagōdum (first-person past plural)
ainagōþ (plural present second-person)
ainagōdud (past plural second-person)
ainagōnþ (plural present third-person)
ainagōdun (past plural third-person)
ainagōdī (first-person past singular)
ainagōdī (past second-person singular)
ainagō (present singular third-person)
ainagōdī (past singular third-person)
ainagōdīm (first-person past plural)
ainagōdīd (past plural second-person)
ainagōn (plural present third-person)
ainagōdīn (past plural third-person)
ainagō (present singular)
ainagōþ (plural present)
ainagōndī (participle present)
ainagōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *ēnigon

Middle Low German: ênigen

Old Frisian: ēnigia

West Frisian: ienigje, iennigje (rare)

desctree

Old Dutch: *ēnigon
Middle Dutch: ênigen
Dutch: enigen (rare)
Limburgish: einige

Old High German: einigōn

Middle High German: einigen

German: einigen