likkōn

likkōn (infinitive)
likkōnijas (genitive infinitive)
likkōnijē (dative infinitive)
likkōniju (infinitive instrumental)
likkō (first-person present singular)
likkōdā (first-person past singular)
likkōs (present second-person singular)
likkōdēs (past second-person singular)
likkōdōs (past second-person singular)
likkōþ (present singular third-person)
likkōdē (past singular third-person)
likkōdā (past singular third-person)
likkōm (first-person plural present)
likkōdum (first-person past plural)
likkōþ (plural present second-person)
likkōdud (past plural second-person)
likkōnþ (plural present third-person)
likkōdun (past plural third-person)
likkōdī (first-person past singular)
likkōdī (past second-person singular)
likkō (present singular third-person)
likkōdī (past singular third-person)
likkōdīm (first-person past plural)
likkōdīd (past plural second-person)
likkōn (plural present third-person)
likkōdīn (past plural third-person)
likkō (present singular)
likkōþ (plural present)
likkōndī (participle present)
likkōd (participle past)

Old English: liccian

Middle English: likken, licken

Scots: lik

English: lick

Old Frisian: *likkia, *likja

Saterland Frisian: likje

West Frisian: likke

Old Saxon: likkōn, lekkōn

Middle Low German: licken, lecken

Low German: licken

→ Danish: likke

desctree

Old Dutch: leccon
Middle Dutch: lecken
Dutch: likken
Limburgish: lekke

desc

Old High German: leccōn, lechhōn, lechōn

Middle High German: lëcken

German: lecken

Hunsrik: lecke

Luxembourgish: lecken

Vilamovian: łakia

Yiddish: לעקן (lekn)

→? Old French: lekier, lescher, lechier, lecher

Middle French: lécher

French: lécher

→ Middle English: lechen

English: lech

→? Occitan: lecar, lechar

→? Italian: leccare


fallattjan

fallattjan (infinitive)
fallattjannjas (genitive infinitive)
fallattjannjē (dative infinitive)
fallattjannju (infinitive instrumental)
fallattju (first-person present singular)
fallattā (first-person past singular)
fallatisi (present second-person singular)
fallattēs (past second-person singular)
fallattōs (past second-person singular)
fallatiþi (present singular third-person)
fallattē (past singular third-person)
fallattā (past singular third-person)
fallattjum (first-person plural present)
fallattum (first-person past plural)
fallatiþ (plural present second-person)
fallattud (past plural second-person)
fallattjanþ (plural present third-person)
fallattun (past plural third-person)
fallattjē (first-person present singular)
fallattī (first-person past singular)
fallattjēs (present second-person singular)
fallattī (past second-person singular)
fallattjē (present singular third-person)
fallattī (past singular third-person)
fallattjēm (first-person plural present)
fallattīm (first-person past plural)
fallattjēþ (plural present second-person)
fallattīd (past plural second-person)
fallattjēn (plural present third-person)
fallattīn (past plural third-person)
fallati (present singular)
fallatiþ (plural present)
fallattjandī (participle present)
fallatt (participle past)

i

attested as <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">falletande</i> (present participle)

Old English: feallettan (attested as falletande (present participle))

Old High German: fallezzen, fallazzen


droppattjan

droppattjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
droppattjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
droppattjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
droppattjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
droppattju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
droppattā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
droppatisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
droppattēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
droppattōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
droppatiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
droppattē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
droppattā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
droppattjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
droppattum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
droppatiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
droppattud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
droppattjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
droppattun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
droppattjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
droppattī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
droppattjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
droppattī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
droppattjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
droppattī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
droppattjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
droppattīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
droppattjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
droppattīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
droppattjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
droppattīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
droppati (class-1 present singular weak)
droppatiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
droppattjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
droppatt (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: droppettan

Old High German: tropfezzen


þunnī

þunnī (masculine nominative singular)
þunniju (feminine nominative singular)
þunnī (neuter nominative singular)
þunnijanā (accusative masculine singular)
þunnijā (accusative feminine singular)
þunnī (accusative neuter singular)
þunnijas (genitive masculine singular)
þunnijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
þunnijas (genitive neuter singular)
þunnijumē (dative masculine singular)
þunnijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
þunnijumē (dative neuter singular)
þunniju (instrumental masculine singular)
þunnijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
þunniju (instrumental neuter singular)
þunnijē (masculine nominative plural)
þunnijō (feminine nominative plural)
þunniju (neuter nominative plural)
þunnijā (accusative masculine plural)
þunnijā (accusative feminine plural)
þunniju (accusative neuter plural)
þunnijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
þunnijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
þunnijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
þunnijēm (dative masculine plural)
þunnijum (dative masculine plural)
þunnijēm (dative feminine plural)
þunnijum (dative feminine plural)
þunnijēm (dative neuter plural)
þunnijum (dative neuter plural)
þunnijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
þunnijum (instrumental masculine plural)
þunnijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
þunnijum (feminine instrumental plural)
þunnijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
þunnijum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Old English: þynne, þinne
Middle English: thinne, thin, thunne, thenne, þinne, þynne, thynne, thyn
English: thin
Scots: thin

Old Frisian: thenne

Saterland Frisian: tään

West Frisian: tin

Old Saxon: thunni
Middle Low German: dünne
German Low German: dünn
Plautdietsch: denn

Old Dutch: *thunni

Middle Dutch: dunne

Dutch: dun
Afrikaans: dun
Berbice Creole Dutch: doni
Negerhollands: dun, din
→ Aukan: deni, doin

Limburgish: dön

West Flemish: thinne

Old High German: dunni
Middle High German: dünne
Alemannic German: tünn, dünn
Swabian:
Bavarian:
Cimbrian: dünne
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: dinn
Luxembourgish: dënn
East Central German:
Upper Saxon German:
Vilamovian: dynn
East Franconian:
German: dünn
Rhine Franconian: denn, dinn
Frankfurterisch: [d̥in]
Pennsylvania German:
Yiddish: דין (din)

From Proto-Germanic *þunnuz + *-ī (adjective suffix).


wikā

wikā (nominative singular)
wikōn (nominative plural)
wikōn (accusative singular)
wikōn (accusative plural)
wikōn (genitive singular)
wikōnō (genitive plural)
wikōn (dative singular)
wikōm (dative plural)
wikum (dative plural)
wikōn (instrumental singular)
wikōm (instrumental plural)
wikum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wiċe, wicu, wucu, wieċe, weoce
Middle English: weke
English: week
Scots: wouk
Yola: wick, wik

Old Frisian: wike

North Frisian: weg

Saterland Frisian: Wíek

West Frisian: wike

Old Saxon: wika
Middle Low German: wēke
→ North Frisian: Week
German Low German: Week
Plautdietsch: Wäakj

Old Dutch: *wika

Middle Dutch: wēke
Dutch: week
Afrikaans: week
Berbice Creole Dutch: weki
Jersey Dutch: wêk
Negerhollands: week
→ Lokono: wiki
→? Sranan Tongo: wiki
→ Aukan: wiki
→ Saramaccan: wíki
Limburgish: waek

Old High German: wehha, wohha
Middle High German: wëche, woche
Alemannic German:
Italian Walser: bòchò, wuchu, wucha, wucchu
Bavarian: Woch, Wocha, Wochn
Cimbrian: bòcha, boch (Luserna)
Mòcheno: boch
Central Franconian: Woch, Wech, Wääch (Ripuarian; now widely obsolete)
German: Woche
Luxembourgish: Woch
Pennsylvania German: Woch
Vilamovian: woch
Yiddish: וואָך (vokh)


līkattjan

līkattjan (infinitive)
līkattjannjas (genitive infinitive)
līkattjannjē (dative infinitive)
līkattjannju (infinitive instrumental)
līkattju (first-person present singular)
līkattā (first-person past singular)
līkatisi (present second-person singular)
līkattēs (past second-person singular)
līkattōs (past second-person singular)
līkatiþi (present singular third-person)
līkattē (past singular third-person)
līkattā (past singular third-person)
līkattjum (first-person plural present)
līkattum (first-person past plural)
līkatiþ (plural present second-person)
līkattud (past plural second-person)
līkattjanþ (plural present third-person)
līkattun (past plural third-person)
līkattjē (first-person present singular)
līkattī (first-person past singular)
līkattjēs (present second-person singular)
līkattī (past second-person singular)
līkattjē (present singular third-person)
līkattī (past singular third-person)
līkattjēm (first-person plural present)
līkattīm (first-person past plural)
līkattjēþ (plural present second-person)
līkattīd (past plural second-person)
līkattjēn (plural present third-person)
līkattīn (past plural third-person)
līkati (present singular)
līkatiþ (plural present)
līkattjandī (participle present)
līkatt (participle past)

Old English: līċettan

Old High German: līhhezzen


hailattjan

hailattjan (infinitive)
hailattjannjas (genitive infinitive)
hailattjannjē (dative infinitive)
hailattjannju (infinitive instrumental)
hailattju (first-person present singular)
hailattā (first-person past singular)
hailatisi (present second-person singular)
hailattēs (past second-person singular)
hailattōs (past second-person singular)
hailatiþi (present singular third-person)
hailattē (past singular third-person)
hailattā (past singular third-person)
hailattjum (first-person plural present)
hailattum (first-person past plural)
hailatiþ (plural present second-person)
hailattud (past plural second-person)
hailattjanþ (plural present third-person)
hailattun (past plural third-person)
hailattjē (first-person present singular)
hailattī (first-person past singular)
hailattjēs (present second-person singular)
hailattī (past second-person singular)
hailattjē (present singular third-person)
hailattī (past singular third-person)
hailattjēm (first-person plural present)
hailattīm (first-person past plural)
hailattjēþ (plural present second-person)
hailattīd (past plural second-person)
hailattjēn (plural present third-person)
hailattīn (past plural third-person)
hailati (present singular)
hailatiþ (plural present)
hailattjandī (participle present)
hailatt (participle past)

Old English: hālettan; hǣlettan (< *hailittjan ?)

Old English: ġehālettan

Old High German: heilezzen, heilazzen


blikkattjan

blikkattjan (infinitive)
blikkattjannjas (genitive infinitive)
blikkattjannjē (dative infinitive)
blikkattjannju (infinitive instrumental)
blikkattju (first-person present singular)
blikkattā (first-person past singular)
blikkatisi (present second-person singular)
blikkattēs (past second-person singular)
blikkattōs (past second-person singular)
blikkatiþi (present singular third-person)
blikkattē (past singular third-person)
blikkattā (past singular third-person)
blikkattjum (first-person plural present)
blikkattum (first-person past plural)
blikkatiþ (plural present second-person)
blikkattud (past plural second-person)
blikkattjanþ (plural present third-person)
blikkattun (past plural third-person)
blikkattjē (first-person present singular)
blikkattī (first-person past singular)
blikkattjēs (present second-person singular)
blikkattī (past second-person singular)
blikkattjē (present singular third-person)
blikkattī (past singular third-person)
blikkattjēm (first-person plural present)
blikkattīm (first-person past plural)
blikkattjēþ (plural present second-person)
blikkattīd (past plural second-person)
blikkattjēn (plural present third-person)
blikkattīn (past plural third-person)
blikkati (present singular)
blikkatiþ (plural present)
blikkattjandī (participle present)
blikkatt (participle past)

Old English: bliccettan; (blīcettan)

desc

Old High German: blekkezzen, bleckezzen, blechazan

Middle High German: bleczen

German: blickzen (archaic), blitzen

Alemannic German: blitzgen, blixen

Swabian: blitzgen

From a derivative of *blīkan + *-attjan.


blīkan

blīkan (infinitive)
blīkannjas (genitive infinitive)
blīkannjē (dative infinitive)
blīkannju (infinitive instrumental)
blīku (first-person present singular)
blaik (first-person past singular)
blīkiʀi (present second-person singular)
blikī (past second-person singular)
blīkidi (present singular third-person)
blaik (past singular third-person)
blīkum (first-person plural present)
blikum (first-person past plural)
blīkid (plural present second-person)
blikud (past plural second-person)
blīkand (plural present third-person)
blikun (past plural third-person)
blīkē (first-person present singular)
blikī (first-person past singular)
blīkēs (present second-person singular)
blīkē (present singular third-person)
blikī (past singular third-person)
blīkēm (first-person plural present)
blikīm (first-person past plural)
blīkēþ (plural present second-person)
blikīd (past plural second-person)
blīkēn (plural present third-person)
blikīn (past plural third-person)
blīk (present singular)
blīkid (plural present)
blīkandī (participle present)
blikan (participle past)

Old English: blīcan

Middle English: blīken

English: blike (obsolete)

Old Frisian: blīka

West Frisian: blyckjen, blike

Old Saxon: blīkan

Middle Low German: blīken, blicken

Low German: bleken

desctree

Old Dutch: *blīcan
Middle Dutch: bliken
Dutch: blijken
Afrikaans: blyk
Limburgish: blieke

Old High German: blīhhan, blīchan

Middle High German: blīchen

q

merged with <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">*blaikijaną</i>

German: bleichen (merged with *blaikijaną)


dreupan

dreupan (infinitive)
dreupannjas (genitive infinitive)
dreupannjē (dative infinitive)
dreupannju (infinitive instrumental)
dreupu (first-person present singular)
draup (first-person past singular)
driupiʀi (present second-person singular)
drupī (past second-person singular)
driupidi (present singular third-person)
draup (past singular third-person)
dreupum (first-person plural present)
drupum (first-person past plural)
driupid (plural present second-person)
drupud (past plural second-person)
dreupand (plural present third-person)
drupun (past plural third-person)
dreupē (first-person present singular)
drupī (first-person past singular)
dreupēs (present second-person singular)
dreupē (present singular third-person)
drupī (past singular third-person)
dreupēm (first-person plural present)
drupīm (first-person past plural)
dreupēþ (plural present second-person)
drupīd (past plural second-person)
dreupēn (plural present third-person)
drupīn (past plural third-person)
driup (present singular)
driupid (plural present)
dreupandī (participle present)
dropan (participle past)

desctree

Old English: drēopan
Middle English: drepen, drepe
Scots: dreep
→ English: dreep

Old Frisian: driāpa

⇒ Saterland Frisian: drjupe

⇒ West Frisian: drippe, dripje

Old Saxon: driopan

Middle Low German: drêpen

Old Dutch: driopan, driepan

Middle Dutch: drupen

Dutch: druipen

Afrikaans: druip

Old High German: triofan

Middle High German: triefen

German: triefen

Yiddish: טריפֿן (trifn)


fleugan

fleugan (infinitive)
fleugannjas (genitive infinitive)
fleugannjē (dative infinitive)
fleugannju (infinitive instrumental)
fleugu (first-person present singular)
flaug (first-person past singular)
fliugiʀi (present second-person singular)
flugī (past second-person singular)
fliugidi (present singular third-person)
flaug (past singular third-person)
fleugum (first-person plural present)
flugum (first-person past plural)
fliugid (plural present second-person)
flugud (past plural second-person)
fleugand (plural present third-person)
flugun (past plural third-person)
fleugē (first-person present singular)
flugī (first-person past singular)
fleugēs (present second-person singular)
fleugē (present singular third-person)
flugī (past singular third-person)
fleugēm (first-person plural present)
flugīm (first-person past plural)
fleugēþ (plural present second-person)
flugīd (past plural second-person)
fleugēn (plural present third-person)
flugīn (past plural third-person)
fliug (present singular)
fliugid (plural present)
fleugandī (participle present)
flogan (participle past)

Old English: flēogan

Middle English: flien

English: fly

Scots: fle

Yola: vlee

Old Frisian: fliāga

Saterland Frisian: fljoge

West Frisian: fleane

Old Saxon: fliogan
Middle Low German: vlêgen
German Low German: flegen
Plautdietsch: fläje

Old Dutch: fliegan
Middle Dutch: vliegen
Dutch: vliegen
Limburgish: vlege

Old High German: fliogan
Middle High German: vliegen
Central Franconian: fleeje
German: fliegen
Luxembourgish: fléien
Yiddish: פֿליִען (flien)


sunnā

sunnā (nominative singular)
sunnōn (nominative plural)
sunnōn (accusative singular)
sunnōn (accusative plural)
sunnōn (genitive singular)
sunnōnō (genitive plural)
sunnōn (dative singular)
sunnōm (dative plural)
sunnum (dative plural)
sunnōn (instrumental singular)
sunnōm (instrumental plural)
sunnum (instrumental plural)

Old English: sunne f
Middle English: sonne, sunne, sone, son, sune, sun, sunna, sunnæ, synne, soen, zunne (Southern West Mid), zonne (Kent)
English: sun
Scots: sun
Yola: zin

Old Frisian: sunne f
North Frisian: san
Saterland Frisian: Sunne
West Frisian: sinne

Old Saxon: sunna f
Middle Low German: sunne, sonne f or m
Dutch Low Saxon: zunne
German Low German: Sünn, Sünne
Plautdietsch: Sonn

Old Dutch: sunna f
Middle Dutch: sonne f or m
Dutch: zon
Afrikaans: son
Berbice Creole Dutch: sono
Jersey Dutch: zon
Negerhollands: son, zon
→ Sranan Tongo: son (see there for further descendants)
Limburgish: zón
West Flemish: zunne
Zealandic: zunne

Old High German: sunna f
Middle High German: sunne f or m
Alemannic German: Sunnä
Italian Walser: sunna, sunnu, sònnò, ŝchunna, ŝchunnà
Bavarian: Son
Cimbrian: sunn, sonde, zunna
Mòcheno: sunn
Udinese: suna, sune, sunne
Viennese: Sun
Central Franconian: Sonn
German: Sonne
Luxembourgish: Sonn
Rhine Franconian:
Palatine German: Sunn
Pennsylvania German: Sunn
Vilamovian: zunn, zun
Yiddish: זון (zun)


grimmisōn

grimmisōn (infinitive)
grimmisōnijas (genitive infinitive)
grimmisōnijē (dative infinitive)
grimmisōniju (infinitive instrumental)
grimmisō (first-person present singular)
grimmisōdā (first-person past singular)
grimmisōs (present second-person singular)
grimmisōdēs (past second-person singular)
grimmisōdōs (past second-person singular)
grimmisōþ (present singular third-person)
grimmisōdē (past singular third-person)
grimmisōdā (past singular third-person)
grimmisōm (first-person plural present)
grimmisōdum (first-person past plural)
grimmisōþ (plural present second-person)
grimmisōdud (past plural second-person)
grimmisōnþ (plural present third-person)
grimmisōdun (past plural third-person)
grimmisōdī (first-person past singular)
grimmisōdī (past second-person singular)
grimmisō (present singular third-person)
grimmisōdī (past singular third-person)
grimmisōdīm (first-person past plural)
grimmisōdīd (past plural second-person)
grimmisōn (plural present third-person)
grimmisōdīn (past plural third-person)
grimmisō (present singular)
grimmisōþ (plural present)
grimmisōndī (participle present)
grimmisōd (participle past)

Old English: grimsian
⇒ Middle English: grimsli (adverb)

Old High German: grimmisōn


swōgan

swōgan (infinitive)
swōgannjas (genitive infinitive)
swōgannjē (dative infinitive)
swōgannju (infinitive instrumental)
swōgu (first-person present singular)
sweōg (first-person past singular)
swōgiʀi (present second-person singular)
sweōgī (past second-person singular)
swōgidi (present singular third-person)
sweōg (past singular third-person)
swōgum (first-person plural present)
sweōgum (first-person past plural)
swōgid (plural present second-person)
sweōgud (past plural second-person)
swōgand (plural present third-person)
sweōgun (past plural third-person)
swōgē (first-person present singular)
sweōgī (first-person past singular)
swōgēs (present second-person singular)
swōgē (present singular third-person)
sweōgī (past singular third-person)
swōgēm (first-person plural present)
sweōgīm (first-person past plural)
swōgēþ (plural present second-person)
sweōgīd (past plural second-person)
swōgēn (plural present third-person)
sweōgīn (past plural third-person)
swōg (present singular)
swōgid (plural present)
swōgandī (participle present)
swōgan (participle past)

Old English: swōgan
Middle English: swowen, souȝen, soghen
English: sough
Scots: swouch, souch
Middle English: swōune (“faintness”) (past participle)
Middle English: swōunen
English: swoon

Old Saxon: swōgan

Old Dutch: *swuogan

Middle Dutch: *swoegen

Dutch: zwoegen


swōgan

Old English: swōgan, swœ̄gan

desc

Middle English: swoȝen, swowen, swough, swogh, *sough

English: sough

From Proto-Germanic *swōganą (“to resound”).


hriuwisōn

hriuwisōn (infinitive)
hriuwisōnijas (genitive infinitive)
hriuwisōnijē (dative infinitive)
hriuwisōniju (infinitive instrumental)
hriuwisō (first-person present singular)
hriuwisōdā (first-person past singular)
hriuwisōs (present second-person singular)
hriuwisōdēs (past second-person singular)
hriuwisōdōs (past second-person singular)
hriuwisōþ (present singular third-person)
hriuwisōdē (past singular third-person)
hriuwisōdā (past singular third-person)
hriuwisōm (first-person plural present)
hriuwisōdum (first-person past plural)
hriuwisōþ (plural present second-person)
hriuwisōdud (past plural second-person)
hriuwisōnþ (plural present third-person)
hriuwisōdun (past plural third-person)
hriuwisōdī (first-person past singular)
hriuwisōdī (past second-person singular)
hriuwisō (present singular third-person)
hriuwisōdī (past singular third-person)
hriuwisōdīm (first-person past plural)
hriuwisōdīd (past plural second-person)
hriuwisōn (plural present third-person)
hriuwisōdīn (past plural third-person)
hriuwisō (present singular)
hriuwisōþ (plural present)
hriuwisōndī (participle present)
hriuwisōd (participle past)

Old English: hrēowsian

Old High German: riuwisōn


diurisōn

diurisōn (infinitive)
diurisōnijas (genitive infinitive)
diurisōnijē (dative infinitive)
diurisōniju (infinitive instrumental)
diurisō (first-person present singular)
diurisōdā (first-person past singular)
diurisōs (present second-person singular)
diurisōdēs (past second-person singular)
diurisōdōs (past second-person singular)
diurisōþ (present singular third-person)
diurisōdē (past singular third-person)
diurisōdā (past singular third-person)
diurisōm (first-person plural present)
diurisōdum (first-person past plural)
diurisōþ (plural present second-person)
diurisōdud (past plural second-person)
diurisōnþ (plural present third-person)
diurisōdun (past plural third-person)
diurisōdī (first-person past singular)
diurisōdī (past second-person singular)
diurisō (present singular third-person)
diurisōdī (past singular third-person)
diurisōdīm (first-person past plural)
diurisōdīd (past plural second-person)
diurisōn (plural present third-person)
diurisōdīn (past plural third-person)
diurisō (present singular)
diurisōþ (plural present)
diurisōndī (participle present)
diurisōd (participle past)

Old English: dīersian

Old High German: tiurisōn


hwīnan

hwīnan (infinitive)
hwīnannjas (genitive infinitive)
hwīnannjē (dative infinitive)
hwīnannju (infinitive instrumental)
hwīnu (first-person present singular)
hwain (first-person past singular)
hwīniʀi (present second-person singular)
hwinī (past second-person singular)
hwīnidi (present singular third-person)
hwain (past singular third-person)
hwīnum (first-person plural present)
hwinum (first-person past plural)
hwīnid (plural present second-person)
hwinud (past plural second-person)
hwīnand (plural present third-person)
hwinun (past plural third-person)
hwīnē (first-person present singular)
hwinī (first-person past singular)
hwīnēs (present second-person singular)
hwīnē (present singular third-person)
hwinī (past singular third-person)
hwīnēm (first-person plural present)
hwinīm (first-person past plural)
hwīnēþ (plural present second-person)
hwinīd (past plural second-person)
hwīnēn (plural present third-person)
hwinīn (past plural third-person)
hwīn (present singular)
hwīnid (plural present)
hwīnandī (participle present)
hwinan (participle past)

Old English: hwīnan

Middle English: hwinen, whinen

Scots: quhine, quhyn

English: whine

Old Saxon: hwīnan


galīk

galīk (masculine nominative singular)
galīku (feminine nominative singular)
galīk (neuter nominative singular)
galīkanā (accusative masculine singular)
galīkā (accusative feminine singular)
galīk (accusative neuter singular)
galīkas (genitive masculine singular)
galīkeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
galīkas (genitive neuter singular)
galīkumē (dative masculine singular)
galīkeʀē (dative feminine singular)
galīkumē (dative neuter singular)
galīku (instrumental masculine singular)
galīkeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
galīku (instrumental neuter singular)
galīkē (masculine nominative plural)
galīkō (feminine nominative plural)
galīku (neuter nominative plural)
galīkā (accusative masculine plural)
galīkā (accusative feminine plural)
galīku (accusative neuter plural)
galīkeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
galīkeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
galīkeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
galīkēm (dative masculine plural)
galīkum (dative masculine plural)
galīkēm (dative feminine plural)
galīkum (dative feminine plural)
galīkēm (dative neuter plural)
galīkum (dative neuter plural)
galīkēm (instrumental masculine plural)
galīkum (instrumental masculine plural)
galīkēm (feminine instrumental plural)
galīkum (feminine instrumental plural)
galīkēm (instrumental neuter plural)
galīkum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Old English: ġelīc
Middle English: ylich, ylych, ilich, ilych, ylik, ylyk, ilik, ilyk, iliche, ileche, ilic, ȝelic, ȝelich, gelic, ylijk, illike, ilek
English: alike
Scots: ylike, ylyke, elike, elyke

Old Frisian: gelīk

Saterland Frisian: gliek

West Frisian: gelyk

Old Saxon: gilīk
Middle Low German: gelīke
Low German: gliek, glieks, liek; glyk (Paderbornisch)
→ Swedish: gelike

Old Dutch: *gilīk, gelik, gelich

Middle Dutch: gelijc

Dutch: gelijk
Afrikaans: gelyk
Berbice Creole Dutch: gliki
Negerhollands: gliek, liek, leik, leiki, liki, lek, li, glik

Limburgish: geliek

Old High German: gilīh, kilih
Middle High German: gelīch, gelich, gelīche, glīch
Alemannic German: gliich
Bavarian: glei
Cimbrian: galàiche
German: gleich
Hunsrik: gleich
Luxembourgish: gläich
Vilamovian: głajch
Yiddish: גלײַך (glaykh)


rīkisōn

rīkisōn (infinitive)
rīkisōnijas (genitive infinitive)
rīkisōnijē (dative infinitive)
rīkisōniju (infinitive instrumental)
rīkisō (first-person present singular)
rīkisōdā (first-person past singular)
rīkisōs (present second-person singular)
rīkisōdēs (past second-person singular)
rīkisōdōs (past second-person singular)
rīkisōþ (present singular third-person)
rīkisōdē (past singular third-person)
rīkisōdā (past singular third-person)
rīkisōm (first-person plural present)
rīkisōdum (first-person past plural)
rīkisōþ (plural present second-person)
rīkisōdud (past plural second-person)
rīkisōnþ (plural present third-person)
rīkisōdun (past plural third-person)
rīkisōdī (first-person past singular)
rīkisōdī (past second-person singular)
rīkisō (present singular third-person)
rīkisōdī (past singular third-person)
rīkisōdīm (first-person past plural)
rīkisōdīd (past plural second-person)
rīkisōn (plural present third-person)
rīkisōdīn (past plural third-person)
rīkisō (present singular)
rīkisōþ (plural present)
rīkisōndī (participle present)
rīkisōd (participle past)

Old English: rīcsian, rīxian
Middle English: rixen, rixan, rixiæn, rixigen, rixin (early)

Old High German: *rīhhisōn, *rīchisōn

Middle High German: rīchesen, rīchsen


winiskapi

winiskapi (nominative singular)
winiskapī (nominative plural)
winiskapi (accusative singular)
winiskapī (accusative plural)
winiskapī (genitive singular)
winiskappjō (genitive plural)
winiskapī (dative singular)
winiskapim (dative plural)
winiskappjum (dative plural)
winiskapī (instrumental singular)
winiskapim (instrumental plural)
winiskappjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: winesċipe

Old High German: winiskaf

Middle High German: wineschaft

From Proto-Germanic *winiskapiz. Equivalent to *wini + *-skapi.


gīdisōn

gīdisōn (infinitive)
gīdisōnijas (genitive infinitive)
gīdisōnijē (dative infinitive)
gīdisōniju (infinitive instrumental)
gīdisō (first-person present singular)
gīdisōdā (first-person past singular)
gīdisōs (present second-person singular)
gīdisōdēs (past second-person singular)
gīdisōdōs (past second-person singular)
gīdisōþ (present singular third-person)
gīdisōdē (past singular third-person)
gīdisōdā (past singular third-person)
gīdisōm (first-person plural present)
gīdisōdum (first-person past plural)
gīdisōþ (plural present second-person)
gīdisōdud (past plural second-person)
gīdisōnþ (plural present third-person)
gīdisōdun (past plural third-person)
gīdisōdī (first-person past singular)
gīdisōdī (past second-person singular)
gīdisō (present singular third-person)
gīdisōdī (past singular third-person)
gīdisōdīm (first-person past plural)
gīdisōdīd (past plural second-person)
gīdisōn (plural present third-person)
gīdisōdīn (past plural third-person)
gīdisō (present singular)
gīdisōþ (plural present)
gīdisōndī (participle present)
gīdisōd (participle past)

Old English: ġītsian, ġīetsian, ġȳtsian
Middle English: gitsigen, ȝitsien, ȝiscen, yitsen

Old High German: *gītisōn

Middle High German: gītesen, gītsen

German: geizen

Cimbrian: ghìtzan


gasinþaskapi

gasinþaskapi (nominative singular)
gasinþaskapī (nominative plural)
gasinþaskapi (accusative singular)
gasinþaskapī (accusative plural)
gasinþaskapī (genitive singular)
gasinþaskappjō (genitive plural)
gasinþaskapī (dative singular)
gasinþaskapim (dative plural)
gasinþaskappjum (dative plural)
gasinþaskapī (instrumental singular)
gasinþaskapim (instrumental plural)
gasinþaskappjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: ġesīþsċipe

Old Saxon: gisīthskepi

Old High German: gisindscaf

From *gasinþ + *-skapi, from Proto-Germanic *gasinþô (“companion”).


gamainiskapi

gamainiskapi (nominative singular)
gamainiskapī (nominative plural)
gamainiskapi (accusative singular)
gamainiskapī (accusative plural)
gamainiskapī (genitive singular)
gamainiskappjō (genitive plural)
gamainiskapī (dative singular)
gamainiskapim (dative plural)
gamainiskappjum (dative plural)
gamainiskapī (instrumental singular)
gamainiskapim (instrumental plural)
gamainiskappjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: ġemǣnsċipe

Old Dutch: *gimēnscap

Middle Dutch: gemêenscap

Dutch: gemeenschap

Old High German: gimeinscaf

German: Gemeinschaft


wītinōn

wītinōn (infinitive)
wītinōnijas (genitive infinitive)
wītinōnijē (dative infinitive)
wītinōniju (infinitive instrumental)
wītinō (first-person present singular)
wītinōdā (first-person past singular)
wītinōs (present second-person singular)
wītinōdēs (past second-person singular)
wītinōdōs (past second-person singular)
wītinōþ (present singular third-person)
wītinōdē (past singular third-person)
wītinōdā (past singular third-person)
wītinōm (first-person plural present)
wītinōdum (first-person past plural)
wītinōþ (plural present second-person)
wītinōdud (past plural second-person)
wītinōnþ (plural present third-person)
wītinōdun (past plural third-person)
wītinōdī (first-person past singular)
wītinōdī (past second-person singular)
wītinō (present singular third-person)
wītinōdī (past singular third-person)
wītinōdīm (first-person past plural)
wītinōdīd (past plural second-person)
wītinōn (plural present third-person)
wītinōdīn (past plural third-person)
wītinō (present singular)
wītinōþ (plural present)
wītinōndī (participle present)
wītinōd (participle past)

Old English: wītnian

Middle English: witnien, witnen

Old Frisian: wītnia

Old Saxon: wītnon

Old Dutch: wītinon

Old High German: wīzinōn

Middle High German: wīzenen


sāan

sāan (infinitive)
sāannjas (genitive infinitive)
sāannjē (dative infinitive)
sāannju (infinitive instrumental)
sāu (first-person present singular)
sē (first-person past singular)
sāiʀi (present second-person singular)
sēī (past second-person singular)
sāidi (present singular third-person)
sē (past singular third-person)
sāum (first-person plural present)
sēum (first-person past plural)
sāid (plural present second-person)
sēud (past plural second-person)
sāand (plural present third-person)
sēun (past plural third-person)
sāē (first-person present singular)
sēī (first-person past singular)
sāēs (present second-person singular)
sāē (present singular third-person)
sēī (past singular third-person)
sāēm (first-person plural present)
sēīm (first-person past plural)
sāēþ (plural present second-person)
sēīd (past plural second-person)
sāēn (plural present third-person)
sēīn (past plural third-person)
sā (present singular)
sāid (plural present)
sāandī (participle present)
sāan (participle past)

Old English: sāwan

desc

Middle English: sawen, sowȝen, sewȝen, soghen, sowen

English: sow

Scots: saw

Old Frisian: seā, siā

>? West Frisian: saaie (possibly borrowed from Dutch)

Old Saxon: sāian

Middle Low German: seien, seyen, seygen, seigen, sêgen, seigen, seighen, seigen, segen, seghen, seegen, zeygen, zeyghen, zegen, saien, sajen, seien, zeien, seihen, seggen

German Low German: saien

desctree

Old Dutch: *sāien
Middle Dutch: sâyen
Dutch: zaaien
Afrikaans: saai
Berbice Creole Dutch: sai
Negerhollands: saai, saey, saej
→ Aukan: sai
Limburgish: zèjje

Old High German: sāwen, sāen

desc

Middle High German: sāwen, sæwen, sæhen, sææen, sēgen, sēwen, sēn, sein, sān, sæn, sæen, sæjen

German: säen

Luxembourgish: séien


klīrik

klīrik (nominative singular)
klīrikō (nominative plural)
klīrikōs (nominative plural)
klīrik (accusative singular)
klīrikā (accusative plural)
klīrikas (genitive singular)
klīrikō (genitive plural)
klīrikē (dative singular)
klīrikum (dative plural)
klīriku (instrumental singular)
klīrikum (instrumental plural)

Old English: clīroc

Old High German: klīrih


fastī

fastī (masculine nominative singular)
fastiju (feminine nominative singular)
fastī (neuter nominative singular)
fastijanā (accusative masculine singular)
fastijā (accusative feminine singular)
fastī (accusative neuter singular)
fastijas (genitive masculine singular)
fastijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
fastijas (genitive neuter singular)
fastijumē (dative masculine singular)
fastijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
fastijumē (dative neuter singular)
fastiju (instrumental masculine singular)
fastijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
fastiju (instrumental neuter singular)
fastijē (masculine nominative plural)
fastijō (feminine nominative plural)
fastiju (neuter nominative plural)
fastijā (accusative masculine plural)
fastijā (accusative feminine plural)
fastiju (accusative neuter plural)
fastijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
fastijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
fastijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
fastijēm (dative masculine plural)
fastijum (dative masculine plural)
fastijēm (dative feminine plural)
fastijum (dative feminine plural)
fastijēm (dative neuter plural)
fastijum (dative neuter plural)
fastijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
fastijum (instrumental masculine plural)
fastijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
fastijum (feminine instrumental plural)
fastijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
fastijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Saxon: festi

Middle Low German: feste, veste, vest

Low German: fest

Old High German: festi

Middle High German: feste, veste

German: fest

From Proto-Germanic *fastuz + *-ī (adjective suffix).


gīd

gīd (nominative singular)
gīdō (nominative plural)
gīdōs (nominative plural)
gīd (accusative singular)
gīdā (accusative plural)
gīdas (genitive singular)
gīdō (genitive plural)
gīdē (dative singular)
gīdum (dative plural)
gīdu (instrumental singular)
gīdum (instrumental plural)

Old High German: gīt

From Proto-Germanic *gīdaz (“greed, desire”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeydʰ-o-, from *gʰeydʰ- (“to yearn for”), see also Lithuanian geisti (“to desire, crave”).


hwinisōn

hwinisōn (infinitive)
hwinisōnijas (genitive infinitive)
hwinisōnijē (dative infinitive)
hwinisōniju (infinitive instrumental)
hwinisō (first-person present singular)
hwinisōdā (first-person past singular)
hwinisōs (present second-person singular)
hwinisōdēs (past second-person singular)
hwinisōdōs (past second-person singular)
hwinisōþ (present singular third-person)
hwinisōdē (past singular third-person)
hwinisōdā (past singular third-person)
hwinisōm (first-person plural present)
hwinisōdum (first-person past plural)
hwinisōþ (plural present second-person)
hwinisōdud (past plural second-person)
hwinisōnþ (plural present third-person)
hwinisōdun (past plural third-person)
hwinisōdī (first-person past singular)
hwinisōdī (past second-person singular)
hwinisō (present singular third-person)
hwinisōdī (past singular third-person)
hwinisōdīm (first-person past plural)
hwinisōdīd (past plural second-person)
hwinisōn (plural present third-person)
hwinisōdīn (past plural third-person)
hwinisō (present singular)
hwinisōþ (plural present)
hwinisōndī (participle present)
hwinisōd (participle past)

Old English: hwinsian

Middle English: whinsen

English: whinge

Scots: quhynge, wheenge, whinge

Old Saxon: *winisōn, *winsōn

Middle Low German: winsen

Old High German: winisōn, winsōn

Middle High German: winsen

German: winsen

⇒ Middle High German: winselen, winseln

German: winseln


fastinōn

fastinōn (infinitive)
fastinōnijas (genitive infinitive)
fastinōnijē (dative infinitive)
fastinōniju (infinitive instrumental)
fastinō (first-person present singular)
fastinōdā (first-person past singular)
fastinōs (present second-person singular)
fastinōdēs (past second-person singular)
fastinōdōs (past second-person singular)
fastinōþ (present singular third-person)
fastinōdē (past singular third-person)
fastinōdā (past singular third-person)
fastinōm (first-person plural present)
fastinōdum (first-person past plural)
fastinōþ (plural present second-person)
fastinōdud (past plural second-person)
fastinōnþ (plural present third-person)
fastinōdun (past plural third-person)
fastinōdī (first-person past singular)
fastinōdī (past second-person singular)
fastinō (present singular third-person)
fastinōdī (past singular third-person)
fastinōdīm (first-person past plural)
fastinōdīd (past plural second-person)
fastinōn (plural present third-person)
fastinōdīn (past plural third-person)
fastinō (present singular)
fastinōþ (plural present)
fastinōndī (participle present)
fastinōd (participle past)

Old English: fæstnian

Middle English: fastnen, festnen

English: fasten

Scots: festin

Old Frisian: festnia

Old Saxon: *festinōn, fastnōn

Middle Low German: vestenen

Old Dutch: *festinon

Middle Dutch: vestenen

Old High German: festinōn

Middle High German: festenen, vestenen

German: festnen, festenen (obsolete)


habinōn

habinōn (infinitive)
habinōnijas (genitive infinitive)
habinōnijē (dative infinitive)
habinōniju (infinitive instrumental)
habinō (first-person present singular)
habinōdā (first-person past singular)
habinōs (present second-person singular)
habinōdēs (past second-person singular)
habinōdōs (past second-person singular)
habinōþ (present singular third-person)
habinōdē (past singular third-person)
habinōdā (past singular third-person)
habinōm (first-person plural present)
habinōdum (first-person past plural)
habinōþ (plural present second-person)
habinōdud (past plural second-person)
habinōnþ (plural present third-person)
habinōdun (past plural third-person)
habinōdī (first-person past singular)
habinōdī (past second-person singular)
habinō (present singular third-person)
habinōdī (past singular third-person)
habinōdīm (first-person past plural)
habinōdīd (past plural second-person)
habinōn (plural present third-person)
habinōdīn (past plural third-person)
habinō (present singular)
habinōþ (plural present)
habinōndī (participle present)
habinōd (participle past)

Old English: hafenian

Old Frisian: havenia

West Frisian: havenje

Old Saxon: *hafenōn

Middle Low German: hāvenen

Old Dutch: *hafenon

Middle Dutch: hāvenen

Dutch: havenen

Old High German: hebinōn

Middle High German: hebenen


grimm

grimm (masculine nominative singular)
grimmu (feminine nominative singular)
grimm (neuter nominative singular)
grimmanā (accusative masculine singular)
grimmā (accusative feminine singular)
grimm (accusative neuter singular)
grimmas (genitive masculine singular)
grimmeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
grimmas (genitive neuter singular)
grimmumē (dative masculine singular)
grimmeʀē (dative feminine singular)
grimmumē (dative neuter singular)
grimmu (instrumental masculine singular)
grimmeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
grimmu (instrumental neuter singular)
grimmē (masculine nominative plural)
grimmō (feminine nominative plural)
grimmu (neuter nominative plural)
grimmā (accusative masculine plural)
grimmā (accusative feminine plural)
grimmu (accusative neuter plural)
grimmeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
grimmeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
grimmeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
grimmēm (dative masculine plural)
grimmum (dative masculine plural)
grimmēm (dative feminine plural)
grimmum (dative feminine plural)
grimmēm (dative neuter plural)
grimmum (dative neuter plural)
grimmēm (instrumental masculine plural)
grimmum (instrumental masculine plural)
grimmēm (feminine instrumental plural)
grimmum (feminine instrumental plural)
grimmēm (instrumental neuter plural)
grimmum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: grimm, grim

Middle English: grim

English: grim

Scots: grim

Old Frisian: grimm, grim

Saterland Frisian: grimm

West Frisian: grym

Old Saxon: grim

Middle Low German: grim

German Low German: grimm

Old Dutch: grim

Middle Dutch: grim

Dutch: grim

Old High German: grim

Middle High German: grim, grimme

German: grimm (archaic)


bodaskapi

bodaskapi (nominative singular)
bodaskapī (nominative plural)
bodaskapi (accusative singular)
bodaskapī (accusative plural)
bodaskapī (genitive singular)
bodaskappjō (genitive plural)
bodaskapī (dative singular)
bodaskapim (dative plural)
bodaskappjum (dative plural)
bodaskapī (instrumental singular)
bodaskapim (instrumental plural)
bodaskappjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: bodsċipe

Old Saxon: bodskepi

Low German: Böskupp

Old Dutch: *bodascap

Middle Dutch: bōdeschap

desctree

Dutch: boodschap
Afrikaans: boodskap
Negerhollands: boodskap, boskap
→ Caribbean Javanese: boskap
→ Sranan Tongo: boskopu
Aukan: bosikopu
Saramaccan: bosikópu
→ Lokono: boskopo

Old High German: botascaf

German: Botschaft

From Proto-Germanic *budaskapiz. Equivalent to *bod + *-skapi.


friundskapi

friundskapi (nominative singular)
friundskapī (nominative plural)
friundskapi (accusative singular)
friundskapī (accusative plural)
friundskapī (genitive singular)
friundskappjō (genitive plural)
friundskapī (dative singular)
friundskapim (dative plural)
friundskappjum (dative plural)
friundskapī (instrumental singular)
friundskapim (instrumental plural)
friundskappjum (instrumental plural)

Old English: frēondsċiepe
Middle English: frendschip, frendshipe, frendschipe, freondschipe, frenshepe, frenship, frenschip, frendeschip, frendship, frenchyp, frendeschepe, frenschepe, ffrenschip, frendshipp
English: friendship
Scots: friendship

Old Frisian: friūndskip

desc

Saterland Frisian: Früündskup, Fjundskup

West Frisian: freonskip

Old Saxon: friundskepi

Middle Low German: *vrintskap

Low German: Fründschap, Fründschop

Old Dutch: friundscap

Middle Dutch: vrientschap

Dutch: vriendschap

Afrikaans: vriendskap

Old High German: friuntscaf, *friundskaft

Middle High German: *vriuntschaft

German: Freundschaft


hreuwu

hreuwu (nominative singular)
hreuwō (nominative plural)
hreuwā (accusative singular)
hreuwā (accusative plural)
hreuwā (genitive singular)
hreuwō (genitive plural)
hreuwē (dative singular)
hreuwōm (dative plural)
hreuwum (dative plural)
hreuwu (instrumental singular)
hreuwōm (instrumental plural)
hreuwum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: hrēow
Middle English: rewe
English: rue (archaic)
Scots: rew, rue

Old Frisian: hrīowe

West Frisian: rouwe

Old Saxon: hreuwa

Middle Low German: ruwe, rouwe

→ Norwegian Bokmål: ruelse

Old Dutch: *reuwa

Middle Dutch: ruwe, rouwe

Dutch: rouw

Afrikaans: rou

Old High German: hriuwa, riuwa

Middle High German: riuwe

German: Reue

Hunsrik: Rei

Luxembourgish: Rei

From *hreuwan (“to cause pain, regret”) + *-u.


labal

labal (nominative singular)
labalō (nominative plural)
labalōs (nominative plural)
labal (accusative singular)
labalā (accusative plural)
labalas (genitive singular)
labalō (genitive plural)
labalē (dative singular)
labalum (dative plural)
labalu (instrumental singular)
labalum (instrumental plural)

Old English: læfel, lefel

Middle English: læfel, lawvel

Old Frisian: *level

⇒ Old Frisian: leflen

⇒ Old Frisian: levin, lioven

desc

→⇒ Middle Low German: lōvenbecken, loevenbecken, lōfbecken

Old Saxon: laƀil, lavil

Old Dutch: *lavil

Middle Dutch: level

Old High German: labal, label, lapel

Middle High German: label


gimmu

gimmu (nominative singular)
gimmō (nominative plural)
gimmā (accusative singular)
gimmā (accusative plural)
gimmā (genitive singular)
gimmō (genitive plural)
gimmē (dative singular)
gimmōm (dative plural)
gimmum (dative plural)
gimmu (instrumental singular)
gimmōm (instrumental plural)
gimmum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: ġimm, ġim, ġym, ġymm
Middle English: ȝimme, ȝem, ȝim, yimme; (through merger with Old French gemme, geme) gemme, geme, iemme, ieme
English: gem
Scots: gem

Old Saxon: *gimma

Middle Low German: gimme, gemme

Old Dutch: *gimma, *gemma

Middle Dutch: gemme

Dutch: gem

Old High German: gimma

Middle High German: gimme

German: Gimme, Gemme


diuriþu

diuriþu (nominative singular)
diuriþō (nominative plural)
diuriþā (accusative singular)
diuriþā (accusative plural)
diuriþā (genitive singular)
diuriþō (genitive plural)
diuriþē (dative singular)
diuriþōm (dative plural)
diuriþum (dative plural)
diuriþu (instrumental singular)
diuriþōm (instrumental plural)
diuriþum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *dīerþu, *dīerþ

Middle English: derthe, derth, derþ, derþe, dierþe, dyrthe
English: dearth
Scots: dearth, darth, deart, daart

Old Frisian: *diōrithe, *diōrthe

Saterland Frisian: Djuurte

West Frisian: djoerte

Old Saxon: diuritha

desc

Middle Low German: dǖrede, dûrete, dûrte

German Low German: Düürte

Old Dutch: *diuritha

Middle Dutch: dierte, duurte

Dutch: duurte

Afrikaans: duurte

Old High German: tiurida

Middle High German: tiurede, tiurde, tūrde

From Proto-Germanic *diuriþō. Equivalent to *diurī (“valuable, precious”) + *-iþu (abstract noun suffix).


diurī

diurī (masculine nominative singular)
diuriju (feminine nominative singular)
diurī (neuter nominative singular)
diurijanā (accusative masculine singular)
diurijā (accusative feminine singular)
diurī (accusative neuter singular)
diurijas (genitive masculine singular)
diurijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
diurijas (genitive neuter singular)
diurijumē (dative masculine singular)
diurijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
diurijumē (dative neuter singular)
diuriju (instrumental masculine singular)
diurijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
diuriju (instrumental neuter singular)
diurijē (masculine nominative plural)
diurijō (feminine nominative plural)
diuriju (neuter nominative plural)
diurijā (accusative masculine plural)
diurijā (accusative feminine plural)
diuriju (accusative neuter plural)
diurijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
diurijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
diurijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
diurijēm (dative masculine plural)
diurijum (dative masculine plural)
diurijēm (dative feminine plural)
diurijum (dative feminine plural)
diurijēm (dative neuter plural)
diurijum (dative neuter plural)
diurijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
diurijum (instrumental masculine plural)
diurijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
diurijum (feminine instrumental plural)
diurijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
diurijum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Old English: dīere, dīore — Northumbrian, dȳre, dēore
Middle English: dere, deere, deore
English: dear
Scots: dere, deir
Yola: dear

Old Frisian: diore, diure

Saterland Frisian: djuur

West Frisian: djoer

Old Saxon: diuri

Middle Low German: dûre, dûr

German Low German: düür

Old Dutch: diuri
Middle Dutch: diere
Dutch: dier, duur
Limburgish: deer, duur
West Flemish: diere

Old High German: tiuri
Middle High German: tiure
Alemannic German: tüür
Bavarian: teier
German: teuer
Vilamovian: taojer
Yiddish: טײַער (tayer)


Krēkō

Old English: Crēcas, Grēcas, Crēce, Grēce
Middle English: Greke
English: Greek

Old Frisian:

North Frisian:

Mooring: griiche

Saterland Frisian: Grieke

West Frisian: Gryk

Old Saxon: *Krēkos

Middle Low German: grēke

Low German: Greek

Old Dutch: *Krēka(s)

Middle Dutch: Griec, Grieke

Dutch: Griek

Old High German: Kriehha

desc

Middle High German: krieche, (rare) grieche

German: Grieche, (obsolete) Krieche

Borrowed from Latin Graecus (“Greek”). Parallel borrowing with Gothic 𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌺𐍃 (krēks, “Greek”) with the same treatment of the initial consonant.


mīliju

mīliju (nominative singular)
mīlijō (nominative plural)
mīlijā (accusative singular)
mīlijā (accusative plural)
mīlijā (genitive singular)
mīlijō (genitive plural)
mīlijē (dative singular)
mīlijōm (dative plural)
mīlijum (dative plural)
mīliju (instrumental singular)
mīlijōm (instrumental plural)
mīlijum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: mīl
Middle English: myle, mile
Scots: mile
English: mile

Old Frisian: *mīl, *mile

Saterland Frisian: Miele

West Frisian: mile

Old Saxon: *mīlia

Middle Low German: mīle

Low German: Mile

Old Dutch: *mīla

Middle Dutch: mile

Dutch: mijl
Afrikaans: myl
Negerhollands: miel
English: mijl
→ Indonesian: mil
→ Papiamentu: my (dated)

Old High German: mīla, mīlla
Middle High German: mīle, mīl
German: Meile
Luxembourgish: Meil
Yiddish: מײַל (mayl)

Borrowed from Latin mīlle passūs (“Roman mile”, literally “thousand paces”).


laiþ

laiþ (masculine nominative singular)
laiþu (feminine nominative singular)
laiþ (neuter nominative singular)
laiþanā (accusative masculine singular)
laiþā (accusative feminine singular)
laiþ (accusative neuter singular)
laiþas (genitive masculine singular)
laiþeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
laiþas (genitive neuter singular)
laiþumē (dative masculine singular)
laiþeʀē (dative feminine singular)
laiþumē (dative neuter singular)
laiþu (instrumental masculine singular)
laiþeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
laiþu (instrumental neuter singular)
laiþē (masculine nominative plural)
laiþō (feminine nominative plural)
laiþu (neuter nominative plural)
laiþā (accusative masculine plural)
laiþā (accusative feminine plural)
laiþu (accusative neuter plural)
laiþeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
laiþeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
laiþeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
laiþēm (dative masculine plural)
laiþum (dative masculine plural)
laiþēm (dative feminine plural)
laiþum (dative feminine plural)
laiþēm (dative neuter plural)
laiþum (dative neuter plural)
laiþēm (instrumental masculine plural)
laiþum (instrumental masculine plural)
laiþēm (feminine instrumental plural)
laiþum (feminine instrumental plural)
laiþēm (instrumental neuter plural)
laiþum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Old English: lāþ
Middle English: lath, loth, lothe
Scots: lathe, laith
English: loath
Scots: lothe, loith

Old Frisian: lēth

Saterland Frisian: läid

West Frisian: leed

Old Saxon: lēth
Middle Low German: lêt, leit
Low German:
Westphalian:
Münsterländisch: leed
Westmünsterländisch: leed

Old Dutch: lēth

Middle Dutch: lêet

Dutch: leed

Old High German: leid
Middle High German: leit
German: leid
Silesian: leed

→ Vulgar Latin: *laidum (see there for further descendants)


gamainī

gamainī (masculine nominative singular)
gamainiju (feminine nominative singular)
gamainī (neuter nominative singular)
gamainijanā (accusative masculine singular)
gamainijā (accusative feminine singular)
gamainī (accusative neuter singular)
gamainijas (genitive masculine singular)
gamainijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
gamainijas (genitive neuter singular)
gamainijumē (dative masculine singular)
gamainijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
gamainijumē (dative neuter singular)
gamainiju (instrumental masculine singular)
gamainijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
gamainiju (instrumental neuter singular)
gamainijē (masculine nominative plural)
gamainijō (feminine nominative plural)
gamainiju (neuter nominative plural)
gamainijā (accusative masculine plural)
gamainijā (accusative feminine plural)
gamainiju (accusative neuter plural)
gamainijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
gamainijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
gamainijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
gamainijēm (dative masculine plural)
gamainijum (dative masculine plural)
gamainijēm (dative feminine plural)
gamainijum (dative feminine plural)
gamainijēm (dative neuter plural)
gamainijum (dative neuter plural)
gamainijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
gamainijum (instrumental masculine plural)
gamainijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
gamainijum (feminine instrumental plural)
gamainijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
gamainijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: ġemǣne
Middle English: ȝemene, imæne, imeane, imene
English: mean
Scots: mene, mein

Old Frisian: gemēne

Saterland Frisian: gemeen

West Frisian: gemien, mien

Old Saxon: gimēni
Middle Low German: gemêne, gemeine, gemên
Low German: gemeen
→ Swedish: gemen

Old Dutch: *gimēni

Middle Dutch: gemêne

Dutch: gemeen
Afrikaans: gemeen
Negerhollands: gemeen
Petjo: gemeen

Limburgish: gemein

Old High German: gimeini

Middle High German: gemeine

German: gemein

Luxembourgish: gemeeng

⇒ Old High German: gimeinī (noun)

Alemannic German: g'mai

Middle High German: gemeine

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: kamou

Mòcheno: gamoa'

German: Gemeine (archaic)

→ Polish: gmina
→ English: gmina
→ Ukrainian: ґміна (gmina)

Luxembourgish: Gemeng

From Proto-Germanic *gamainiz + *-ī (adjective suffix).


hamf

hamf (masculine nominative singular)
hamfu (feminine nominative singular)
hamf (neuter nominative singular)
hamfanā (accusative masculine singular)
hamfā (accusative feminine singular)
hamf (accusative neuter singular)
hamfas (genitive masculine singular)
hamfeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
hamfas (genitive neuter singular)
hamfumē (dative masculine singular)
hamfeʀē (dative feminine singular)
hamfumē (dative neuter singular)
hamfu (instrumental masculine singular)
hamfeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
hamfu (instrumental neuter singular)
hamfē (masculine nominative plural)
hamfō (feminine nominative plural)
hamfu (neuter nominative plural)
hamfā (accusative masculine plural)
hamfā (accusative feminine plural)
hamfu (accusative neuter plural)
hamfeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
hamfeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
hamfeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
hamfēm (dative masculine plural)
hamfum (dative masculine plural)
hamfēm (dative feminine plural)
hamfum (dative feminine plural)
hamfēm (dative neuter plural)
hamfum (dative neuter plural)
hamfēm (instrumental masculine plural)
hamfum (instrumental masculine plural)
hamfēm (feminine instrumental plural)
hamfum (feminine instrumental plural)
hamfēm (instrumental neuter plural)
hamfum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Saxon: hāf

Old High German: hamf


saltōn

saltōn (infinitive)
saltōnijas (genitive infinitive)
saltōnijē (dative infinitive)
saltōniju (infinitive instrumental)
saltō (first-person present singular)
saltōdā (first-person past singular)
saltōs (present second-person singular)
saltōdēs (past second-person singular)
saltōdōs (past second-person singular)
saltōþ (present singular third-person)
saltōdē (past singular third-person)
saltōdā (past singular third-person)
saltōm (first-person plural present)
saltōdum (first-person past plural)
saltōþ (plural present second-person)
saltōdud (past plural second-person)
saltōnþ (plural present third-person)
saltōdun (past plural third-person)
saltōdī (first-person past singular)
saltōdī (past second-person singular)
saltō (present singular third-person)
saltōdī (past singular third-person)
saltōdīm (first-person past plural)
saltōdīd (past plural second-person)
saltōn (plural present third-person)
saltōdīn (past plural third-person)
saltō (present singular)
saltōþ (plural present)
saltōndī (participle present)
saltōd (participle past)

Old English: sealtian

Old High German: salzōn

Borrowed from Latin saltō (“to dance, jump”).


kampijō

kampijō (nominative singular)
kampijan (nominative plural)
kampijan (accusative singular)
kampijan (accusative plural)
kampijini (genitive singular)
kampijan (genitive singular)
kampijanō (genitive plural)
kampijini (dative singular)
kampijan (dative singular)
kampijum (dative plural)
kampijini (instrumental singular)
kampijan (instrumental singular)
kampijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: cempa, cæmpa
Middle English: kempe
English: kemp; Kemp (surname)
Scots: kemp
Middle English: cæppe, keppe (merger with Old Norse kappi)
→ Old Norse: kempa f
Icelandic: kempa
Faroese: kempa
Norwegian Nynorsk: kjempe, kjempa
Middle Swedish: kämpa
Swedish: kämpe

Old Frisian: kempa

Old Saxon: kempio

Middle Low German: kempe

→ German: Kämpe

→ Swedish: kämpe

→ Danish: kjæmpe, kæmpe

Norwegian Bokmål: kjempe m or f

Old Dutch: *kempo

Middle Dutch: kempe

desc

Old High German: kemphio, chemphio, kempho, chempho

Middle High German: kempfe

q

German: Kämpfe (obsolete, replaced with the Low German above)

→ Latin: campiō (see there for further descendants)

From *kampijan (“to fight, do battle”) + *-jō.


munitārī

munitārī (nominative singular)
munitārijō (nominative plural)
munitārijōs (nominative plural)
munitārī (accusative singular)
munitārijā (accusative plural)
munitārijas (genitive singular)
munitārijō (genitive plural)
munitārijē (dative singular)
munitārijum (dative plural)
munitāriju (instrumental singular)
munitārijum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: mynetere
Middle English: mynter
English: minter

Old Saxon: muniteri

Old High German: munizāri

Middle High German: münzære, münzer

German: Münzer (archaic)

Borrowed from Latin monētārius. Equivalent to *munit + *-ārī.


sūbrī

sūbrī (masculine nominative singular)
sūbriju (feminine nominative singular)
sūbrī (neuter nominative singular)
sūbrijanā (accusative masculine singular)
sūbrijā (accusative feminine singular)
sūbrī (accusative neuter singular)
sūbrijas (genitive masculine singular)
sūbrijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
sūbrijas (genitive neuter singular)
sūbrijumē (dative masculine singular)
sūbrijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
sūbrijumē (dative neuter singular)
sūbriju (instrumental masculine singular)
sūbrijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
sūbriju (instrumental neuter singular)
sūbrijē (masculine nominative plural)
sūbrijō (feminine nominative plural)
sūbriju (neuter nominative plural)
sūbrijā (accusative masculine plural)
sūbrijā (accusative feminine plural)
sūbriju (accusative neuter plural)
sūbrijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
sūbrijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
sūbrijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
sūbrijēm (dative masculine plural)
sūbrijum (dative masculine plural)
sūbrijēm (dative feminine plural)
sūbrijum (dative feminine plural)
sūbrijēm (dative neuter plural)
sūbrijum (dative neuter plural)
sūbrijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
sūbrijum (instrumental masculine plural)
sūbrijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
sūbrijum (feminine instrumental plural)
sūbrijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
sūbrijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: sȳfre, sēfre, sīfre
Middle English: syfre

Old Saxon: sūvar, sūvri

Old Dutch: *sūvar

Middle Dutch: suver
Dutch: zuiver
Afrikaans: suiwer
→ Aukan: soifili
→ Sranan Tongo: soifri
→ Saramaccan: sóífí
Limburgish: zuver
Zealandic: zuver

Old High German: sūbar
German: sauber
Hunsrik: sauver

Borrowed from Latin sōbrius + *-ī (adjective suffix).


lūkan

lūkan (infinitive)
lūkannjas (genitive infinitive)
lūkannjē (dative infinitive)
lūkannju (infinitive instrumental)
lūku (first-person present singular)
lauk (first-person past singular)
lūkiʀi (present second-person singular)
lukī (past second-person singular)
lūkidi (present singular third-person)
lauk (past singular third-person)
lūkum (first-person plural present)
lukum (first-person past plural)
lūkid (plural present second-person)
lukud (past plural second-person)
lūkand (plural present third-person)
lukun (past plural third-person)
lūkē (first-person present singular)
lukī (first-person past singular)
lūkēs (present second-person singular)
lūkē (present singular third-person)
lukī (past singular third-person)
lūkēm (first-person plural present)
lukīm (first-person past plural)
lūkēþ (plural present second-person)
lukīd (past plural second-person)
lūkēn (plural present third-person)
lukīn (past plural third-person)
lūk (present singular)
lūkid (plural present)
lūkandī (participle present)
lokan (participle past)

Old English: lūcan

Middle English: luken, louken

gl

English: lock (merged with descendant of Middle English loken, lokken)

Scots: louk, lowk

Old Frisian: lūka

⇒ Saterland Frisian: touluuke, touluke

West Frisian: lûke

Old Saxon: lūkan

⇒ Middle Low German: belûken

⇒ Middle Low German: entlûken

desctree

Old Dutch: *lūcan
Middle Dutch: luken
Dutch: luiken

Old High German: *lūhhan, *liohhan

Middle High German: lūchen, liechen

German: lauchen, liechen

⇒ Old High German: innebilūhhan

⇒ Old High German: untarlūhhan

⇒ Old High German: ūzbilūhhan


impōn

impōn (infinitive)
impōnijas (genitive infinitive)
impōnijē (dative infinitive)
impōniju (infinitive instrumental)
impō (first-person present singular)
impōdā (first-person past singular)
impōs (present second-person singular)
impōdēs (past second-person singular)
impōdōs (past second-person singular)
impōþ (present singular third-person)
impōdē (past singular third-person)
impōdā (past singular third-person)
impōm (first-person plural present)
impōdum (first-person past plural)
impōþ (plural present second-person)
impōdud (past plural second-person)
impōnþ (plural present third-person)
impōdun (past plural third-person)
impōdī (first-person past singular)
impōdī (past second-person singular)
impō (present singular third-person)
impōdī (past singular third-person)
impōdīm (first-person past plural)
impōdīd (past plural second-person)
impōn (plural present third-person)
impōdīn (past plural third-person)
impō (present singular)
impōþ (plural present)
impōndī (participle present)
impōd (participle past)

Old English: impian
Middle English: ympen, impe, impen, impyn, ympe
English: imp
Scots: imp

Old High German: impfōn

Middle High German: impfen

German: impfen

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *imputō (“to graft”) (unrelated to imputō (“I reckon, attribute”)), from Ancient Greek ἔμφυτος (émphutos, “planted”).


plūmā

plūmā (nominative singular)
plūmōn (nominative plural)
plūmōn (accusative singular)
plūmōn (accusative plural)
plūmōn (genitive singular)
plūmōnō (genitive plural)
plūmōn (dative singular)
plūmōm (dative plural)
plūmum (dative plural)
plūmōn (instrumental singular)
plūmōm (instrumental plural)
plūmum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: plūme, plȳme, plūmae — early
Middle English: plomme, ploume, plum, plumbe, plumme, plowme, ploumme, plome
English: plum (see there for further descendants)
Scots: ploom, ploum
→ Irish: pluma

Old Frisian: *plūme

Saterland Frisian: Pluume

Old Saxon: *plūma

Middle Low German: *plume

Low German: Pluum

Plautdietsch: Plum

→ Latvian: plūme

→ Old Norse: plóma

Icelandic: plóma

Faroese: blomma

Norwegian Bokmål: plomme

Norwegian Nynorsk: plomme

Old Swedish: plōma

Swedish: plommon (under influence from -on)
→? Elfdalian: plommon

→? Finnish: luumu

Danish: plomme, blomme

Gutnish: plome, plomå

Old High German: pflūma, pfrūma
Middle High German: pflūme, pfrūme
Alemannic German: Fluume
Cimbrian: frauma
German: Pflaume
Hunsrik: Flaum
Vilamovian: fłaojm
Yiddish: פֿלוים (floym)

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *prūma, *prūna, from Latin prūnum.


drakō

drakō (nominative singular)
drakan (nominative plural)
drakan (accusative singular)
drakan (accusative plural)
drakini (genitive singular)
drakan (genitive singular)
drakanō (genitive plural)
drakini (dative singular)
drakan (dative singular)
drakum (dative plural)
drakini (instrumental singular)
drakan (instrumental singular)
drakum (instrumental plural)

Old English: draca
Middle English: drake
English: drake

Old Frisian:

West Frisian: draak (possibly borrowed from Dutch)

Old Saxon:

Middle Low German:

→ Old Norse: dreki

Icelandic: dreki

Faroese: dreki

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: drake; (dialectal) drakkji, dragje, draga

Norwegian Bokmål: drake

Elfdalian: dratji

Old Swedish: draki

Swedish: drake

Old Danish: draghæ

Danish: drage

Norwegian Bokmål: drage

Old Dutch: *draka

desctree

Middle Dutch: drāke
Dutch: draak
Afrikaans: draak
Limburgish: draagk, draogk

Old High German: trahho, tracho, trakko, tracko
Middle High German: trache
Alemannic German: Traach
Bavarian: Drack
German: Drache
Luxembourgish: Draach
Rhine Franconian:
Pennsylvania German: Drach
Vilamovian: draoch


dihtijan

dihtijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
dihtijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
dihtijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
dihtijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
dihtiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
dihtidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
dihtisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
dihtidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
dihtidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
dihtiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
dihtidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
dihtidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
dihtijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
dihtidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
dihtiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
dihtidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
dihtijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
dihtidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
dihtijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
dihtidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
dihtijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
dihtidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
dihtijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
dihtidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
dihtijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
dihtidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
dihtijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
dihtidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
dihtijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
dihtidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
dihti (class-1 present singular weak)
dihtiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
dihtijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
dihtid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: dihtan
Middle English: dighten, diten, dihten, disten, dithen
English: dight
Scots: dicht
Yola: dieeght

Old Frisian: dichta

West Frisian: dichte

Old Dutch: *dihten (and / or from *dihtōn)

Middle Dutch: dichten
Dutch: dichten
Afrikaans: dig
Limburgish: dichte

Old High German: tihten

Middle High German: tihten, *dihten

German: dichten

From *diht (“order, instruction”) + *-jan.


handulōn

handulōn (infinitive)
handulōnijas (genitive infinitive)
handulōnijē (dative infinitive)
handulōniju (infinitive instrumental)
handulō (first-person present singular)
handulōdā (first-person past singular)
handulōs (present second-person singular)
handulōdēs (past second-person singular)
handulōdōs (past second-person singular)
handulōþ (present singular third-person)
handulōdē (past singular third-person)
handulōdā (past singular third-person)
handulōm (first-person plural present)
handulōdum (first-person past plural)
handulōþ (plural present second-person)
handulōdud (past plural second-person)
handulōnþ (plural present third-person)
handulōdun (past plural third-person)
handulōdī (first-person past singular)
handulōdī (past second-person singular)
handulō (present singular third-person)
handulōdī (past singular third-person)
handulōdīm (first-person past plural)
handulōdīd (past plural second-person)
handulōn (plural present third-person)
handulōdīn (past plural third-person)
handulō (present singular)
handulōþ (plural present)
handulōndī (participle present)
handulōd (participle past)

Old English: handlian

Middle English: handlen

Scots: handil

English: handle

→ Dutch: handelen

→ German: händeln, handeln

Old Frisian: handelia, hondelia

Saterland Frisian: hondelje

West Frisian: handelje, hannelje

Old Saxon: handlōn

Middle Low German: handelen

German Low German: handeln, hanneln

Plautdietsch: hendlen

Old Dutch: *handalon

Middle Dutch: handelen
Dutch: handelen
Afrikaans: handel
Negerhollands: handel
→ Caribbean Javanese: andel
Limburgish: hanjele

Old High German: hantalōn

Middle High German: handeln

German: handeln

→ Luxembourgish: handelen

Yiddish: האַנדלען (handlen)


kukinā

kukinā (nominative singular)
kukinōn (nominative plural)
kukinōn (accusative singular)
kukinōn (accusative plural)
kukinōn (genitive singular)
kukinōnō (genitive plural)
kukinōn (dative singular)
kukinōm (dative plural)
kukinum (dative plural)
kukinōn (instrumental singular)
kukinōm (instrumental plural)
kukinum (instrumental plural)

Old English: cyċene
Middle English: kychyn
English: kitchen (see there for further descendants)
Scots: kitchen, kitchin, ketchin, keetchen
→ Middle Irish: cisten
Irish: cistin
Manx: kishteen, kishtyn
Scottish Gaelic: cidsin

Old Frisian: *kuken, *koken

North Frisian: köögen

Saterland Frisian: Köäkene

West Frisian: koken

Old Saxon: *kukina

Middle Low German: kokene, kȫke
Low German:
Dutch Low Saxon: kökken
German Low German: Köken, Köök
Plautdietsch: Kjäakj
→ Danish: køkken
→ Estonian: köök
→ Faroese: køkur
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kjøk, kjøken
→ Gutnish: kök
→ Norwegian Bokmål: kjøkken
→ Northern Sami: gievkkan
→ Old Swedish: køkia
Swedish: kök
→ Finnish: kyökki

Old Dutch: *cukina

Middle Dutch: cuekene

Dutch: keuken

→ Ligurian: keuke

Old High German: chuhhina
Middle High German: küche, kuche
Alemannic German: Chuchi
Swabian:
Bavarian: Kuche, Kuhe, Kuchl (diminutive)
Cimbrian: khuchl (diminutive)
Mòcheno:
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: Kich
Kölsch: Kösch
Luxembourgish: Kichen
East Central German:
Upper Saxon German:
Vilamovian: kych
East Franconian:
German: Küche
Rhine Franconian: Kich, Kiech, Kisch
Frankfurterisch: [kiʃ]
Pennsylvania German: Kich
Yiddish: קיך (kikh)
→ Czech: kuchyně
→ Old Polish: kuchnia (see there for further descendants)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: кухиња
Latin script: kuhinja
→ Slovene: kuhinja
→ Hungarian: konyha (via some Slavic language)

Borrowed from Late Latin cocīna, ultimately from Latin coquō (“cook”, verb).


wīn

wīn (nominative singular)
wīnu (nominative plural)
wīn (accusative singular)
wīnu (accusative plural)
wīnas (genitive singular)
wīnō (genitive plural)
wīnē (dative singular)
wīnum (dative plural)
wīnu (instrumental singular)
wīnum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wīn
Middle English: wyn, win, wine, wyne, wijn, vine, vyn, vyne, wyen, weyn, wynne
English: wine (see there for further descendants)
Scots: wyne

Old Frisian: wīn

Saterland Frisian: Wien

West Frisian: wyn

Old Saxon: wīn

Middle Low German: wîn

German Low German: Wien

Plautdietsch: Wien

→ Latvian: vīns

Old Dutch: wīn m
Middle Dutch: wijn
Dutch: wijn
Afrikaans: wyn
Berbice Creole Dutch: win
Negerhollands: wien, win
→ Saramaccan: wín
→? Sranan Tongo: win
→ Lokono: wing
→ Caribbean Javanese: win
Limburgish: wien

Old High German: wīn m

Middle High German: wīn

desc

Alemannic German: Wii, Wi, Wy, wi, wii, wéin (Italian Walser)

Italian Walser: wi, wii, wéin

Swabian: Wai, Wei, Woi, Wi

Bavarian: Wein

Cimbrian: bain, boi

Mòcheno: bai'

Udinese: bain

Central Franconian: Weng

Kölsch: Wing

Hunsrik: Weng

Lorraine Franconian: Weïn, Win

Transylvanian Saxon: Weng

German: Wein
→ Estonian: vein

Luxembourgish: Wäin

Rhine Franconian: Wei, Weng, Win

Hessian: Woi

Palatine German: Wai, Wäi, Wenn, Winn, Woin

Vilamovian: wajn

Yiddish: ווײַן (vayn)


angil

angil (nominative singular)
angilō (nominative plural)
angilōs (nominative plural)
angil (accusative singular)
angilā (accusative plural)
angilas (genitive singular)
angilō (genitive plural)
angilē (dative singular)
angilum (dative plural)
angilu (instrumental singular)
angilum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: enġel, anġel, ænġel, enġyl, enċġel
Middle English: aungel, engel, angel, ængel, aungil, aungell, angell, angyl, angyll, angylle, awngel, enngell (contaminated by Anglo-Norman angle)
English: angel (see there for further descendants)
Scots: angel, aungel

Old Frisian: angel, engel
Saterland Frisian: Ängel
West Frisian: ingel

Old Saxon: engil
Middle Low German: engel
Low German:
German Low German: Engel
Plautdietsch: Enjel
→ Estonian: ingel
→ Old Norse: engill
Icelandic: engill
Faroese: eingil
Norwegian:
Norwegian Nynorsk: engel
Norwegian Bokmål: engel
Danish: engel
Old Swedish: ængil, engil
Swedish: ängel
→ Finnish: enkeli
Gutnish: änggel

Old Dutch: *engil

Middle Dutch: engel
Dutch: engel
Afrikaans: engel
Negerhollands: engel
→ Papiamentu: engel
Limburgish: ingel

Old High German: engil, angil
Middle High German: engel
Alemannic German: Ängel, Ängu
Swabian: Engele
Bavarian: Engl
Cimbrian: énghel
German: Engel
→? Yiddish: ענגעל (engel)
Luxembourgish: Engel
→ Latvian: eņģelis

Borrowed from Latin angelus (“angel, messenger”).


nanþijan

nanþijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
nanþijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
nanþijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
nanþijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
nanþiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
nanþidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
nanþisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
nanþidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
nanþidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
nanþiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
nanþidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
nanþidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
nanþijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
nanþidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
nanþiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
nanþidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
nanþijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
nanþidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
nanþijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
nanþidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
nanþijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
nanþidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
nanþijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
nanþidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
nanþijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
nanþidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
nanþijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
nanþidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
nanþijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
nanþidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
nanþi (class-1 present singular weak)
nanþiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
nanþijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
nanþid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: nēþan

Old Frisian: nētha

Old Saxon: nāthian

Middle Low German: nêden

Old Dutch: nenden
Middle Dutch: nenden

Old High German: nenden

Middle High German: nenden


bōk

bōk (nominative singular)
bōki (nominative plural)
bōku (accusative singular)
bōki (accusative plural)
bōki (genitive singular)
bōkō (genitive plural)
bōki (dative singular)
bōkum (dative plural)
bōki (instrumental singular)
bōkum (instrumental plural)

Old English: bōc
Middle English: bok
English: book (see there for further descendants)
Geordie English: buik, beuk
Scots: buik, beuk, buke, beuck
Yola: buke

Old Frisian: bōk

North Frisian:

Föhr: buk

Helgoland: Buk

Mooring: bök

Sylt: Bok

Saterland Frisian: Bouk

West Frisian: boek

Old Saxon: bōk
Middle Low German: bôk
Low German:
Dutch Low Saxon: book
German Low German: Book
Plautdietsch: Buak

Old Dutch: buoc
Middle Dutch: boec
Dutch: boek (see there for further descendants)
Limburgish: book
→ Middle French: boucquain (via diminutive forms *boeckin, *boeckijn)
French: bouquin

Old High German: buoh, puoh
Middle High German: buoch
Alemannic German: Buech, Büäch
Alsatian: Bööch, Büech
Swabian: Buach
Bavarian: Buach
Münsterländisch: Büak
Central Franconian: Booch, Buch
Hunsrik: Buch
Kölsch: Booch
Luxembourgish: Buch
East Franconian: Bouch
German: Buch
Rhine Franconian: Buch, Busch
Pennsylvania German: Buch
Vilamovian: büch
Yiddish: בוך (bukh)


skrīban

skrīban (infinitive)
skrībannjas (genitive infinitive)
skrībannjē (dative infinitive)
skrībannju (infinitive instrumental)
skrību (first-person present singular)
skraib (first-person past singular)
skrībiʀi (present second-person singular)
skribī (past second-person singular)
skrībidi (present singular third-person)
skraib (past singular third-person)
skrībum (first-person plural present)
skribum (first-person past plural)
skrībid (plural present second-person)
skribud (past plural second-person)
skrīband (plural present third-person)
skribun (past plural third-person)
skrībē (first-person present singular)
skribī (first-person past singular)
skrībēs (present second-person singular)
skrībē (present singular third-person)
skribī (past singular third-person)
skrībēm (first-person plural present)
skribīm (first-person past plural)
skrībēþ (plural present second-person)
skribīd (past plural second-person)
skrībēn (plural present third-person)
skribīn (past plural third-person)
skrīb (present singular)
skrībid (plural present)
skrībandī (participle present)
skriban (participle past)

Old English: sċrīfan
Middle English: shryven, schriven, shriven, schrifen, schrevyn, schryfen, schryvyn, sriven, shrive, shrife
English: shrive
Scots: schrive

Old Frisian: skrīva
North Frisian:
Föhr-Amrum: skriiw
Mooring: schriwe
Sylt: skriiv
Wiedingharde: skriwwe
Saterland Frisian: skrieuwe
West Frisian: skriuwe

Old Saxon: skrīvan
Middle Low German: schrîven
Low German: schrieven

Old Dutch: scrīvan
Middle Dutch: schriven
Dutch: schrijven
Afrikaans: skryf
Jersey Dutch: sxrāive
Negerhollands: skriev, skrif
Skepi Creole Dutch: screef
→ Sranan Tongo: skrifi
Aukan: sikiifi
Saramaccan: sikífi
Limburgish: sjrieve

Old High German: skrīban, scrīban

Middle High German: schrīben

Alemannic German: schriibe

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: sraiban

desc

Central Franconian: schrieve, schrjve (Aachen), schreiwe (Moselle Franconian)

Hunsrik: schreive

German: schreiben

Luxembourgish: schreiwen

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: schreiwe

Vilamovian: śrajwa

Yiddish: שרײַבן (shraybn)

From Proto-Germanic *skrībaną, borrowed from Latin scrībō.


diubul

diubul (nominative singular)
diubulō (nominative plural)
diubulōs (nominative plural)
diubul (accusative singular)
diubulā (accusative plural)
diubulas (genitive singular)
diubulō (genitive plural)
diubulē (dative singular)
diubulum (dative plural)
diubulu (instrumental singular)
diubulum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: dēofol, dēoful, dīoful, dīofol
Middle English: devel, deovel, deevel, devil, dyvel, devul, devyl, devell, devyll, deul, dewel, deyle, devull, dele
English: devil (see there for further descendants)
Scots: deil, deel, deevil
Yola: deevil, deel (syncopated)

Old Frisian: diōvel

North Frisian: düüwel

Saterland Frisian: Düüwel

West Frisian: duvel

Old Saxon: diuval
Middle Low German: dūvel
German Low German: Düwel, Dîwel
→ Old Norse: djǫfull
Icelandic: djöfull
Faroese: djevul, devul, devil
Norwegian:
Bokmål: djevel
Nynorsk: djevel
Old Swedish: diævul, diæffwol, diæffuill, diawl, diwell, dyfwll, dyffwill, diefwel
Swedish: djävel, djävul, jävel
Danish: djævel

Old Dutch: diuval

Middle Dutch: duvel
Dutch: duivel
Afrikaans: duiwel
Berbice Creole Dutch: diflu
Negerhollands: duvel, dievel
Limburgish: duvel

Old High German: tiufal
Middle High German: tiuvel, tievel
Alemannic German: Tüüfel
Swabian: Deifel
Bavarian: Deiwi, Deifi, Teifi
Cimbrian: taüvl
Central Franconian: Düüvel, Deuvel, Deivel
Hunsrik: Deivel
Luxembourgish: Däiwel
East Central German: Deibel, Teibel, Teifel
Vilamovian: tojfuł
→ German: Deibel
German: Teufel
Rhine Franconian: Deiwel
Pennsylvania German: Deiwel
Yiddish: טײַוול (tayvl)


bōkārī

bōkārī (nominative singular)
bōkārijō (nominative plural)
bōkārijōs (nominative plural)
bōkārī (accusative singular)
bōkārijā (accusative plural)
bōkārijas (genitive singular)
bōkārijō (genitive plural)
bōkārijē (dative singular)
bōkārijum (dative plural)
bōkāriju (instrumental singular)
bōkārijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: bōcere

Old High German: buohhāri


mintā

mintā (nominative singular)
mintōn (nominative plural)
mintōn (accusative singular)
mintōn (accusative plural)
mintōn (genitive singular)
mintōnō (genitive plural)
mintōn (dative singular)
mintōm (dative plural)
mintum (dative plural)
mintōn (instrumental singular)
mintōm (instrumental plural)
mintum (instrumental plural)

Old English: minte
Middle English: mynte, mente, mint, minte, mynt
English: mint
Scots: mint
→ Welsh: mint

Old Frisian: *minta

⇒ Saterland Frisian: Minte

Old Dutch: *minta

Middle Dutch: mente, minte

Dutch: munt

Old Saxon: minta

Middle Low German: minte, münte

Plautdietsch: Mints

→ Old Norse: minta

Old Danish: myntæ, mintæ
Danish: mynte

Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: minte

Norwegian Nynorsk: minte (dialectal mynta)

Old Swedish: mynta

Swedish: mynta

→ Finnish: minttu

Old High German: minza

Middle High German: minze

German: Minze

Yiddish: מינץ (mints)


samft(ī)

samft (canonical)
ī (romanization)
samft (masculine nominative singular)
samftu (feminine nominative singular)
samft (neuter nominative singular)
samftanā (accusative masculine singular)
samftā (accusative feminine singular)
samft (accusative neuter singular)
samftas (genitive masculine singular)
samfteʀā (feminine genitive singular)
samftas (genitive neuter singular)
samftumē (dative masculine singular)
samfteʀē (dative feminine singular)
samftumē (dative neuter singular)
samftu (instrumental masculine singular)
samfteʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
samftu (instrumental neuter singular)
samftē (masculine nominative plural)
samftō (feminine nominative plural)
samftu (neuter nominative plural)
samftā (accusative masculine plural)
samftā (accusative feminine plural)
samftu (accusative neuter plural)
samfteʀō (genitive masculine plural)
samfteʀō (feminine genitive plural)
samfteʀō (genitive neuter plural)
samftēm (dative masculine plural)
samftum (dative masculine plural)
samftēm (dative feminine plural)
samftum (dative feminine plural)
samftēm (dative neuter plural)
samftum (dative neuter plural)
samftēm (instrumental masculine plural)
samftum (instrumental masculine plural)
samftēm (feminine instrumental plural)
samftum (feminine instrumental plural)
samftēm (instrumental neuter plural)
samftum (instrumental neuter plural)
samftī (masculine nominative singular)
samftiju (feminine nominative singular)
samftī (neuter nominative singular)
samftijanā (accusative masculine singular)
samftijā (accusative feminine singular)
samftī (accusative neuter singular)
samftijas (genitive masculine singular)
samftijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
samftijas (genitive neuter singular)
samftijumē (dative masculine singular)
samftijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
samftijumē (dative neuter singular)
samftiju (instrumental masculine singular)
samftijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
samftiju (instrumental neuter singular)
samftijē (masculine nominative plural)
samftijō (feminine nominative plural)
samftiju (neuter nominative plural)
samftijā (accusative masculine plural)
samftijā (accusative feminine plural)
samftiju (accusative neuter plural)
samftijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
samftijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
samftijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
samftijēm (dative masculine plural)
samftijum (dative masculine plural)
samftijēm (dative feminine plural)
samftijum (dative feminine plural)
samftijēm (dative neuter plural)
samftijum (dative neuter plural)
samftijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
samftijum (instrumental masculine plural)
samftijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
samftijum (feminine instrumental plural)
samftijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
samftijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: sēfte, sœ̄fte, sōfte, sōft, sēft
Middle English: softe, soufte, zofte (Kent)
English: soft
Scots: saft
Yola: zaft

Old Frisian: sēfte, sēft
West Frisian: sêft

Old Saxon: *sāfti

Middle Low German: safte, sachte

Dutch Low Saxon:

Twents: sacht

German Low German:

Altmärkisch, Low Prussian, Westphalian (Westmünsterländisch): sacht

Low Prussian, Westphalian (Bentheimisch, Dortmundisch, Sauerländisch, Westmünsterländisch): sachte

→ Danish: sagte

→ Swedish: sakta

Old Dutch: sāfti
Middle Dutch: sachte
Dutch: zacht

Old High German: semfti, samfti, senfti
Middle High German: semfte, senfte, sanfte
Alemannic German: sanft
German: sanft

Likely from Proto-Germanic *samþuz, *samftuz (“gentleness”) + *-ī (adjective suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *sóm-tu-s, from *sem- (“one, same”). Cognate with Sanskrit सान्त्व (sāntva, “consolation; gentle, mild”), Proto-Celtic *sāmos (“calm, easy, pleasant”), and possibly Ancient Greek ἥμερος (hḗmeros, “tame, civilized, cultivated”).


gunþi

gunþi (nominative singular)
gunþī (nominative plural)
gunþi (accusative singular)
gunþī (accusative plural)
gunþī (genitive singular)
gunþijō (genitive plural)
gunþī (dative singular)
gunþim (dative plural)
gunþijum (dative plural)
gunþī (instrumental singular)
gunþim (instrumental plural)
gunþijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: gūþ

Middle English: gūth

Old Dutch: *gunth (in compounds)

Old Saxon: gūthia

Old High German: *gundia, *gunda (in compounds)


minþl

minþl (nominative singular)
minþlu (nominative plural)
minþl (accusative singular)
minþlu (accusative plural)
minþlas (genitive singular)
minþlō (genitive plural)
minþlē (dative singular)
minþlum (dative plural)
minþlu (instrumental singular)
minþlum (instrumental plural)

Old English: mīþl

Old High German: mindil


fanþī

fanþī (nominative singular)
fanþiju (nominative plural)
fanþī (accusative singular)
fanþiju (accusative plural)
fanþijas (genitive singular)
fanþijō (genitive plural)
fanþijē (dative singular)
fanþijum (dative plural)
fanþiju (instrumental singular)
fanþijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: fēþe

Old Saxon: fāthi, fōthi


stinþ

stinþ (masculine nominative singular)
stinþu (feminine nominative singular)
stinþ (neuter nominative singular)
stinþanā (accusative masculine singular)
stinþā (accusative feminine singular)
stinþ (accusative neuter singular)
stinþas (genitive masculine singular)
stinþeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
stinþas (genitive neuter singular)
stinþumē (dative masculine singular)
stinþeʀē (dative feminine singular)
stinþumē (dative neuter singular)
stinþu (instrumental masculine singular)
stinþeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
stinþu (instrumental neuter singular)
stinþē (masculine nominative plural)
stinþō (feminine nominative plural)
stinþu (neuter nominative plural)
stinþā (accusative masculine plural)
stinþā (accusative feminine plural)
stinþu (accusative neuter plural)
stinþeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
stinþeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
stinþeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
stinþēm (dative masculine plural)
stinþum (dative masculine plural)
stinþēm (dative feminine plural)
stinþum (dative feminine plural)
stinþēm (dative neuter plural)
stinþum (dative neuter plural)
stinþēm (instrumental masculine plural)
stinþum (instrumental masculine plural)
stinþēm (feminine instrumental plural)
stinþum (feminine instrumental plural)
stinþēm (instrumental neuter plural)
stinþum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: stīþ

desctree

Middle English: stith, stið, stithe, stiþ, styth, stythe, styþ
English: stith (dialectal)
Scots: styth

Old Frisian: stīth


unþi

unþi (nominative singular)
unþijō (nominative plural)
unþijā (accusative singular)
unþijā (accusative plural)
unþijā (genitive singular)
unþijō (genitive plural)
unþijē (dative singular)
unþijōm (dative plural)
unþijum (dative plural)
unþiju (instrumental singular)
unþijōm (instrumental plural)
unþijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: ȳþ
Middle English: ythe, ithe, uðe, uþe, uþæ, yþe

Old Saxon: ūthia

Old Dutch: *unthia, *untha

Middle Dutch: unde, onde

Dutch: onde (dialectal)

Old High German: undia

Middle High German: unde, ünde

German: Unde (obsolete, dialectal)

Yiddish: אינד (ind)


kunþijan

kunþijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
kunþijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
kunþijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
kunþijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
kunþiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
kunþidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
kunþisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
kunþidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kunþidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kunþiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
kunþidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kunþidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kunþijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
kunþidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
kunþiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
kunþidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
kunþijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
kunþidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
kunþijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
kunþidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
kunþijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
kunþidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
kunþijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
kunþidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
kunþijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
kunþidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
kunþijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
kunþidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
kunþijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
kunþidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
kunþi (class-1 present singular weak)
kunþiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
kunþijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
kunþid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: cȳþan

Middle English: küthen, kiþen

English: kithe

Scots: kithe

Old Frisian: kētha

Old Saxon: kūthian

Middle Low German: künden

→ Saterland Frisian: kundje

Old Dutch: cunden
Middle Dutch: conden
Dutch: konden

Old High German: kunden

Middle High German: künden, kunden

German: künden

From Proto-Germanic *kunþijaną. Equivalent to *kunþ + *-jan.


ansti

ansti (nominative singular)
anstī (nominative plural)
ansti (accusative singular)
anstī (accusative plural)
anstī (genitive singular)
anstijō (genitive plural)
anstī (dative singular)
anstim (dative plural)
anstijum (dative plural)
anstī (instrumental singular)
anstim (instrumental plural)
anstijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: ǣst, ēst

Middle English: este

English: est

Old Frisian: ēst, enst

Old Saxon: anst

Old Dutch: anst

Middle Dutch: jonst, onst, onste

Old High German: anst

Middle High German: anst


jugunþi

jugunþi (nominative singular)
jugunþī (nominative plural)
jugunþi (accusative singular)
jugunþī (accusative plural)
jugunþī (genitive singular)
jugunþijō (genitive plural)
jugunþī (dative singular)
jugunþim (dative plural)
jugunþijum (dative plural)
jugunþī (instrumental singular)
jugunþim (instrumental plural)
jugunþijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: ġeoguþ
Middle English: youthe
English: youth (obsolete yought)
Middle Scots: ȝouthe, ȝouth, ȝowth, ȝewth, youth
Scots: youth

Old Frisian: jogethe

Saterland Frisian: Juugd

West Frisian: jeugd

Old Saxon: juguth, jugud

Middle Low German: jōged

German Low German: Jöögd

Old Dutch: *juguth, iuginde

Middle Dutch: jōghet, jōgede

Dutch: jeugd

Old High German: jugund

Middle High German: jugent

German: Jugend

Luxembourgish: Jugend

Yiddish: יוגנט (yugnt)


hunþu

hunþu (nominative singular)
hunþō (nominative plural)
hunþā (accusative singular)
hunþā (accusative plural)
hunþā (genitive singular)
hunþō (genitive plural)
hunþē (dative singular)
hunþōm (dative plural)
hunþum (dative plural)
hunþu (instrumental singular)
hunþōm (instrumental plural)
hunþum (instrumental plural)

Old English: hūþ

*harihunþu

Old English: herehūþ

Old High German: herihunda


linþ(ī)

linþ (canonical)
ī (romanization)
linþ (masculine nominative singular)
linþu (feminine nominative singular)
linþ (neuter nominative singular)
linþanā (accusative masculine singular)
linþā (accusative feminine singular)
linþ (accusative neuter singular)
linþas (genitive masculine singular)
linþeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
linþas (genitive neuter singular)
linþumē (dative masculine singular)
linþeʀē (dative feminine singular)
linþumē (dative neuter singular)
linþu (instrumental masculine singular)
linþeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
linþu (instrumental neuter singular)
linþē (masculine nominative plural)
linþō (feminine nominative plural)
linþu (neuter nominative plural)
linþā (accusative masculine plural)
linþā (accusative feminine plural)
linþu (accusative neuter plural)
linþeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
linþeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
linþeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
linþēm (dative masculine plural)
linþum (dative masculine plural)
linþēm (dative feminine plural)
linþum (dative feminine plural)
linþēm (dative neuter plural)
linþum (dative neuter plural)
linþēm (instrumental masculine plural)
linþum (instrumental masculine plural)
linþēm (feminine instrumental plural)
linþum (feminine instrumental plural)
linþēm (instrumental neuter plural)
linþum (instrumental neuter plural)
linþī (masculine nominative singular)
linþiju (feminine nominative singular)
linþī (neuter nominative singular)
linþijanā (accusative masculine singular)
linþijā (accusative feminine singular)
linþī (accusative neuter singular)
linþijas (genitive masculine singular)
linþijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
linþijas (genitive neuter singular)
linþijumē (dative masculine singular)
linþijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
linþijumē (dative neuter singular)
linþiju (instrumental masculine singular)
linþijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
linþiju (instrumental neuter singular)
linþijē (masculine nominative plural)
linþijō (feminine nominative plural)
linþiju (neuter nominative plural)
linþijā (accusative masculine plural)
linþijā (accusative feminine plural)
linþiju (accusative neuter plural)
linþijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
linþijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
linþijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
linþijēm (dative masculine plural)
linþijum (dative masculine plural)
linþijēm (dative feminine plural)
linþijum (dative feminine plural)
linþijēm (dative neuter plural)
linþijum (dative neuter plural)
linþijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
linþijum (instrumental masculine plural)
linþijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
linþijum (feminine instrumental plural)
linþijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
linþijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: līþe
Middle English: lithe, lythe
English: lithe
Scots: lythe, lyth

Old Frisian: *līthe

Saterland Frisian: lied

Old Saxon: līthi

Middle Low German: linde (probably borrowed from High German)

German Low German: linde

Plautdietsch: lind

→ Old Danish: lind

Old Dutch: *lindi

Middle Dutch: linde

Dutch: lind (obsolete)

Old High German: lind, lindi

Middle High German: lint, linde

German: lind, linde

From Proto-Germanic *linþaz + *-ī (adjective suffix).


swinþ

swinþ (masculine nominative singular)
swinþu (feminine nominative singular)
swinþ (neuter nominative singular)
swinþanā (accusative masculine singular)
swinþā (accusative feminine singular)
swinþ (accusative neuter singular)
swinþas (genitive masculine singular)
swinþeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
swinþas (genitive neuter singular)
swinþumē (dative masculine singular)
swinþeʀē (dative feminine singular)
swinþumē (dative neuter singular)
swinþu (instrumental masculine singular)
swinþeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
swinþu (instrumental neuter singular)
swinþē (masculine nominative plural)
swinþō (feminine nominative plural)
swinþu (neuter nominative plural)
swinþā (accusative masculine plural)
swinþā (accusative feminine plural)
swinþu (accusative neuter plural)
swinþeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
swinþeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
swinþeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
swinþēm (dative masculine plural)
swinþum (dative masculine plural)
swinþēm (dative feminine plural)
swinþum (dative feminine plural)
swinþēm (dative neuter plural)
swinþum (dative neuter plural)
swinþēm (instrumental masculine plural)
swinþum (instrumental masculine plural)
swinþēm (feminine instrumental plural)
swinþum (feminine instrumental plural)
swinþēm (instrumental neuter plural)
swinþum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: swīþ
Middle English: swith
English: swith
Scots: swith

Old Frisian: *swīth

Saterland Frisian: swied

West Frisian: swiid

Old Saxon: swīth, *swinth

Middle Low German: swît, swîde, swinde

Low German: swied, swinn

Plautdietsch: schwind

desc

→ Polish: szwytki, świtki (“agile, quick, dashing”) (dialectal)

→ Old Ruthenian: швыдкїй (švydkij) (dialectal) (see there for further descendants)

Old Dutch: *swīth, *swinth (in placenames)

Middle Dutch: swîde, swinde

Dutch: swiet, zwiej (dialectal)

Old High German: *swind (in personal names)

Middle High German: swinde, swint

⇒ Middle High German: geswinde

Bavarian: gschwind

German: geschwind

→ Dutch: gezwind

Luxembourgish: geschwënn


fanþijō

fanþijō (nominative singular)
fanþijan (nominative plural)
fanþijan (accusative singular)
fanþijan (accusative plural)
fanþijini (genitive singular)
fanþijan (genitive singular)
fanþijanō (genitive plural)
fanþijini (dative singular)
fanþijan (dative singular)
fanþijum (dative plural)
fanþijini (instrumental singular)
fanþijan (instrumental singular)
fanþijum (instrumental plural)

Old English: fēþa

Old Saxon: fendio

Middle Low German: vent

German Low German: Fent

Old Dutch: *fendo

Middle Dutch: vende

>? Dutch: vent

→ West Frisian: feint, fint

Old High German: fendo, fendeo

Middle High German: vende

Swabian: Fende

Alemannic German: Fend

From *fanþan (“to walk”) + *-jō. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pent- (“to pass, go”).


ansu

ansu (nominative singular)
ansiwi (nominative plural)
ansō (nominative plural)
ansu (accusative singular)
ansū (accusative plural)
ansō (genitive singular)
ansiwō (genitive plural)
ansiwi (dative singular)
ansō (dative singular)
ansum (dative plural)
ansu (instrumental singular)
ansum (instrumental plural)

Old English: ōs, *ās

Old High German: ans

Old Saxon: ās, ōs