kaminādā

kaminādā (nominative singular)
kaminādōn (nominative plural)
kaminādōn (accusative singular)
kaminādōn (accusative plural)
kaminādōn (genitive singular)
kaminādōnō (genitive plural)
kaminādōn (dative singular)
kaminādōm (dative plural)
kaminādum (dative plural)
kaminādōn (instrumental singular)
kaminādōm (instrumental plural)
kaminādum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *kamināda

desc

Middle Low German: kemenāde, kemenate, kemenāte, kamenāde, kemnāde, kemnede

⇒ Old Saxon: kirikkemināda (“rectory”)

Old Dutch: *kamināda

Middle Dutch: kēmenade, camenade, kimmenade

Dutch: kemenade

Old High German: kemināta, kemenāta, kemināda

Middle High German: kemenāte, kamenāte, kemnāte

German: Kemenate

→ Slovene: čumnata, kamenata

→ Czech: komnata

desctree

→ Polish: komnata
→ Ukrainian: кімна́та (kimnáta)

→ Slovak: komnata

→ Old East Slavic: комната (komnata)

Russian: комната (komnata)
→ Even: комната (komnata)
→ Kildin Sami: комната (komnata)

Borrowed from Early Medieval Latin camīnāda (“room with a fireplace”), from Late Latin camīnāta.


klūbōn

klūbōn (infinitive)
klūbōnijas (genitive infinitive)
klūbōnijē (dative infinitive)
klūbōniju (infinitive instrumental)
klūbō (first-person present singular)
klūbōdā (first-person past singular)
klūbōs (present second-person singular)
klūbōdēs (past second-person singular)
klūbōdōs (past second-person singular)
klūbōþ (present singular third-person)
klūbōdē (past singular third-person)
klūbōdā (past singular third-person)
klūbōm (first-person plural present)
klūbōdum (first-person past plural)
klūbōþ (plural present second-person)
klūbōdud (past plural second-person)
klūbōnþ (plural present third-person)
klūbōdun (past plural third-person)
klūbōdī (first-person past singular)
klūbōdī (past second-person singular)
klūbō (present singular third-person)
klūbōdī (past singular third-person)
klūbōdīm (first-person past plural)
klūbōdīd (past plural second-person)
klūbōn (plural present third-person)
klūbōdīn (past plural third-person)
klūbō (present singular)
klūbōþ (plural present)
klūbōndī (participle present)
klūbōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *klūvon

Middle Low German: klūven

Old Frisian: *klūvia

desc

West Frisian: kliuwe, kluie, kluve, klugje

Old Dutch: *clūvon

Middle Dutch: cluven

Dutch: kluiven

Old High German: klūbōn

Middle High German: klūben

German: klauben

From *klūbō (“claw, forked object”) + *-ōn.


pumic

pumic (nominative singular)
pumicō (nominative plural)
pumicōs (nominative plural)
pumic (accusative singular)
pumicā (accusative plural)
pumicas (genitive singular)
pumicō (genitive plural)
pumicē (dative singular)
pumicum (dative plural)
pumicu (instrumental singular)
pumicum (instrumental plural)

Old English: pumiċ

Old Saxon: *pumic

Middle Low German: pōmes, poͤmes, pēmes, pēmese, pēmetze, pēmetse, pēmse

Old Dutch: *pumic

Middle Dutch: pomse, poms, ponse, pemse, pimse, pums, pumce

Old High German: pumiz

Middle High German: pumeze, bumez, bimz

German: Bims

→ Dutch: pims

Borrowed from Latin pūmicem, accusative singular of Latin pūmex (“pumice stone”).


abbadejā

abbadejā (nominative singular)
abbadejōn (nominative plural)
abbadejōn (accusative singular)
abbadejōn (accusative plural)
abbadejōn (genitive singular)
abbadejōnō (genitive plural)
abbadejōn (dative singular)
abbadejōm (dative plural)
abbadejum (dative plural)
abbadejōn (instrumental singular)
abbadejōm (instrumental plural)
abbadejum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *abbadea, *abbadiga

Middle Low German: abbedīe, abdie, abdīe, abdīge, abbedīge

→ Danish: abbedi

→ Norwegian Bokmål: abbedi

Old Dutch: *abbadea

Middle Dutch: abedîe, abdîe

Dutch: abdij

Afrikaans: abdy

Old High German: abbateia, *abbatiga

Middle High German: abbeteie, abbatīe, aptīge, abbetīe, abdīe, abtei, aptei

German: Abtei

Luxembourgish: Abtei

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *abbadea, *abbadegia, from Latin abbātia (“abbey”).


fūstōn

fūstōn (infinitive)
fūstōnijas (genitive infinitive)
fūstōnijē (dative infinitive)
fūstōniju (infinitive instrumental)
fūstō (first-person present singular)
fūstōdā (first-person past singular)
fūstōs (present second-person singular)
fūstōdēs (past second-person singular)
fūstōdōs (past second-person singular)
fūstōþ (present singular third-person)
fūstōdē (past singular third-person)
fūstōdā (past singular third-person)
fūstōm (first-person plural present)
fūstōdum (first-person past plural)
fūstōþ (plural present second-person)
fūstōdud (past plural second-person)
fūstōnþ (plural present third-person)
fūstōdun (past plural third-person)
fūstōdī (first-person past singular)
fūstōdī (past second-person singular)
fūstō (present singular third-person)
fūstōdī (past singular third-person)
fūstōdīm (first-person past plural)
fūstōdīd (past plural second-person)
fūstōn (plural present third-person)
fūstōdīn (past plural third-person)
fūstō (present singular)
fūstōþ (plural present)
fūstōndī (participle present)
fūstōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *fūston

Middle Low German: vūsten, vǖsten

Old Dutch: *fūston

Middle Dutch: vuusten

Dutch: vuisten (dialectal)

Old High German: fūstōn

Middle High German: viusten, fiusten

German: fausten


pelegrīm

peligrīm (nominative singular)
peligrīmō (nominative plural)
peligrīmōs (nominative plural)
peligrīm (accusative singular)
peligrīmā (accusative plural)
peligrīmas (genitive singular)
peligrīmō (genitive plural)
peligrīmē (dative singular)
peligrīmum (dative plural)
peligrīmu (instrumental singular)
peligrīmum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *pilegrim

desctree

Middle English: pilegrim, pilgrim, pilgram, pilgrem, pilgrum, pilgerim, pilegrin, pillegrim
English: pilgrim
Scots: pilgrim, pelegrin, pilgrin, pilgren, pylgryne

Old Frisian: pilegrīm, pilugrīm

Old Saxon: *pelegrīm

desc

Middle Low German: pēlegrīm, pēlegrīme, pēlegrīn, pēlegrīne, pēlegerīm, pelgrīm, pelgrīme, pelgrim, pīlegrīm, pilgrīm

Old Dutch: *pelegrīm

Middle Dutch: pelegrin, pelegrijm, pelgerijm, pelgrijm, pelgrim, pellegrijm, peregrijm, pelgerijn

Dutch: pelgrim
→ West Frisian: pelgrim

Old High German: piligrīm

Middle High German: pilgrīm, pilegrīm, pilgerim, pelegrīm, pilgerīn, bilgerīm, bilgerīn, bilgrīn

Bavarian: Pücher, Pülcher

→ German: Pülcher

German: Pilgrim, Pilgram, Pilger

Luxembourgish: Pilger

→ Polish: pielgrzym

→ Russian: пилигри́м (piligrím)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin pelegrinus, from Latin peregrinus (“foreigner, traveler”). Parallel borrowing with Old Norse pílagrímr.


nunnā

nunnā (nominative singular)
nunnōn (nominative plural)
nunnōn (accusative singular)
nunnōn (accusative plural)
nunnōn (genitive singular)
nunnōnō (genitive plural)
nunnōn (dative singular)
nunnōm (dative plural)
nunnum (dative plural)
nunnōn (instrumental singular)
nunnōm (instrumental plural)
nunnum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: nunne
Middle English: nonne, nunne
English: nun
Scots: nun

Old Saxon: *nunna

Middle Low German: nunne, nonne

→ Old Norse: nunna

Danish: nonne

Faroese: nunna

Icelandic: nunna

Norwegian Bokmål: nonne

Swedish: nunna (see there for further descendants)

Old Dutch: *nunna

Middle Dutch: nonne

Dutch: non

Old High German: nunna, nonna

Middle High German: nonne, nunne

German: Nonne

Luxembourgish: Nonn

Borrowed from Medieval Latin nunna (“nun”), from Late Latin nonna.


kloppōn

kloppōn (infinitive)
kloppōnijas (genitive infinitive)
kloppōnijē (dative infinitive)
kloppōniju (infinitive instrumental)
kloppō (first-person present singular)
kloppōdā (first-person past singular)
kloppōs (present second-person singular)
kloppōdēs (past second-person singular)
kloppōdōs (past second-person singular)
kloppōþ (present singular third-person)
kloppōdē (past singular third-person)
kloppōdā (past singular third-person)
kloppōm (first-person plural present)
kloppōdum (first-person past plural)
kloppōþ (plural present second-person)
kloppōdud (past plural second-person)
kloppōnþ (plural present third-person)
kloppōdun (past plural third-person)
kloppōdī (first-person past singular)
kloppōdī (past second-person singular)
kloppō (present singular third-person)
kloppōdī (past singular third-person)
kloppōdīm (first-person past plural)
kloppōdīd (past plural second-person)
kloppōn (plural present third-person)
kloppōdīn (past plural third-person)
kloppō (present singular)
kloppōþ (plural present)
kloppōndī (participle present)
kloppōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: kloppia

Saterland Frisian: klopje

West Frisian: klopje

Old Saxon: *kloppōn

Middle Low German: kloppen

German Low German: kloppen

→ German: kloppen

Old Dutch: *cloppon

Middle Dutch: cloppen
Dutch: kloppen
Limburgish: klóppe

Old High German: klopfōn

Middle High German: klopfen

German: klopfen

Possibly from Proto-Germanic *kluppōną, related to Proto-Germanic *klappōną (“to clap”) and *klipjaną (“to be noisy”). Alternatively from *klopp (“knock”) + *-ōn.


similā

similā (nominative singular)
similōn (nominative plural)
similōn (accusative singular)
similōn (accusative plural)
similōn (genitive singular)
similōnō (genitive plural)
similōn (dative singular)
similōm (dative plural)
similum (dative plural)
similōn (instrumental singular)
similōm (instrumental plural)
similum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *semila, *simila

desc

Middle Low German: sēmele, sēmel, seemel, semmele, semmel, simmele, symele, samele, sammel, sammele

→ Danish: simle

→ Old Swedish: sembla, sœmbla

desctree

Swedish: semla
→ Belarusian: се́мла (sjémla)
→ Dutch: semla
→ English: semla
→ French: semla
→ German: Semla
→ Russian: се́мла (sémla)
→ Spanish: semla

→ Finnish: sämpylä

Old Dutch: *semila, *simila

Middle Dutch: sēmele, sēmel

Dutch: zemel
Afrikaans: semel
→ Xhosa: semelisi
→ West Frisian: semel
→ Sranan Tongo: seimel

Old High German: simila, semala

desc

Middle High German: semele, simele, semel, simel

desctree

German: Semmel
→ English: semel
→ Italian: semel
→ Silesian: żymła
→ Czech: žemle
→ Slovak: žemľa

Yiddish: זעמל (zeml)

→ Hungarian: zsemle

→ Slovene: žemlja

Borrowed from Latin simila (“wheat flour”).


ampullā

ampullā (nominative singular)
ampullōn (nominative plural)
ampullōn (accusative singular)
ampullōn (accusative plural)
ampullōn (genitive singular)
ampullōnō (genitive plural)
ampullōn (dative singular)
ampullōm (dative plural)
ampullum (dative plural)
ampullōn (instrumental singular)
ampullōm (instrumental plural)
ampullum (instrumental plural)

desc

Old English: ampulle, ampella, ampelle, anpolle, anpole

Middle English: ampulle, ampolle (re-enforced by Oil French)

Old Frisian: ampel, ompel

Old Saxon: ampulla, amballa

Middle Low German: ampulle, appulle, appolle, apolle, apulle, pulle, polle

→ Swedish: ampel

→ Finnish: amppeli

Old Dutch: *ampulla

Middle Dutch: ampulle, ampul (re-enforced by Oil French)

Dutch: ampul

Old High German: ampulla, ampla

Middle High German: ampolle, ampulle, ampel

desctree

German: Ampel
→ Swedish: ampel
→ Finnish: amppeli

Borrowed from Latin ampulla (“ampoule”).


armahert(ī)

armahert (canonical)
ī (romanization)
armahert (masculine nominative singular)
armahertu (feminine nominative singular)
armahert (neuter nominative singular)
armahertanā (accusative masculine singular)
armahertā (accusative feminine singular)
armahert (accusative neuter singular)
armahertas (genitive masculine singular)
armaherteʀā (feminine genitive singular)
armahertas (genitive neuter singular)
armahertumē (dative masculine singular)
armaherteʀē (dative feminine singular)
armahertumē (dative neuter singular)
armahertu (instrumental masculine singular)
armaherteʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
armahertu (instrumental neuter singular)
armahertē (masculine nominative plural)
armahertō (feminine nominative plural)
armahertu (neuter nominative plural)
armahertā (accusative masculine plural)
armahertā (accusative feminine plural)
armahertu (accusative neuter plural)
armaherteʀō (genitive masculine plural)
armaherteʀō (feminine genitive plural)
armaherteʀō (genitive neuter plural)
armahertēm (dative masculine plural)
armahertum (dative masculine plural)
armahertēm (dative feminine plural)
armahertum (dative feminine plural)
armahertēm (dative neuter plural)
armahertum (dative neuter plural)
armahertēm (instrumental masculine plural)
armahertum (instrumental masculine plural)
armahertēm (feminine instrumental plural)
armahertum (feminine instrumental plural)
armahertēm (instrumental neuter plural)
armahertum (instrumental neuter plural)
armahirtī (masculine nominative singular)
armahirtiju (feminine nominative singular)
armahirtī (neuter nominative singular)
armahirtijanā (accusative masculine singular)
armahirtijā (accusative feminine singular)
armahirtī (accusative neuter singular)
armahirtijas (genitive masculine singular)
armahirtijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
armahirtijas (genitive neuter singular)
armahirtijumē (dative masculine singular)
armahirtijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
armahirtijumē (dative neuter singular)
armahirtiju (instrumental masculine singular)
armahirtijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
armahirtiju (instrumental neuter singular)
armahirtijē (masculine nominative plural)
armahirtijō (feminine nominative plural)
armahirtiju (neuter nominative plural)
armahirtijā (accusative masculine plural)
armahirtijā (accusative feminine plural)
armahirtiju (accusative neuter plural)
armahirtijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
armahirtijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
armahirtijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
armahirtijēm (dative masculine plural)
armahirtijum (dative masculine plural)
armahirtijēm (dative feminine plural)
armahirtijum (dative feminine plural)
armahirtijēm (dative neuter plural)
armahirtijum (dative neuter plural)
armahirtijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
armahirtijum (instrumental masculine plural)
armahirtijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
armahirtijum (feminine instrumental plural)
armahirtijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
armahirtijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: earmheort
Middle English: armheorted

Old High German: armherz, armherzīg

⇒ Old High German: unarmherzi

From *arm (“poor”) + *-hert(ī) (“-hearted”), calque of Latin misericors (“merciful, tenderhearted”). Parallel calque with, and perhaps influenced by, Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐍃 (armahairts).


-hert(ī)

-hert (canonical)
ī (romanization)
hert (masculine nominative singular)
hertu (feminine nominative singular)
hert (neuter nominative singular)
hertanā (accusative masculine singular)
hertā (accusative feminine singular)
hert (accusative neuter singular)
hertas (genitive masculine singular)
herteʀā (feminine genitive singular)
hertas (genitive neuter singular)
hertumē (dative masculine singular)
herteʀē (dative feminine singular)
hertumē (dative neuter singular)
hertu (instrumental masculine singular)
herteʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
hertu (instrumental neuter singular)
hertē (masculine nominative plural)
hertō (feminine nominative plural)
hertu (neuter nominative plural)
hertā (accusative masculine plural)
hertā (accusative feminine plural)
hertu (accusative neuter plural)
herteʀō (genitive masculine plural)
herteʀō (feminine genitive plural)
herteʀō (genitive neuter plural)
hertēm (dative masculine plural)
hertum (dative masculine plural)
hertēm (dative feminine plural)
hertum (dative feminine plural)
hertēm (dative neuter plural)
hertum (dative neuter plural)
hertēm (instrumental masculine plural)
hertum (instrumental masculine plural)
hertēm (feminine instrumental plural)
hertum (feminine instrumental plural)
hertēm (instrumental neuter plural)
hertum (instrumental neuter plural)
hirtī (masculine nominative singular)
hirtiju (feminine nominative singular)
hirtī (neuter nominative singular)
hirtijanā (accusative masculine singular)
hirtijā (accusative feminine singular)
hirtī (accusative neuter singular)
hirtijas (genitive masculine singular)
hirtijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
hirtijas (genitive neuter singular)
hirtijumē (dative masculine singular)
hirtijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
hirtijumē (dative neuter singular)
hirtiju (instrumental masculine singular)
hirtijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
hirtiju (instrumental neuter singular)
hirtijē (masculine nominative plural)
hirtijō (feminine nominative plural)
hirtiju (neuter nominative plural)
hirtijā (accusative masculine plural)
hirtijā (accusative feminine plural)
hirtiju (accusative neuter plural)
hirtijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
hirtijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
hirtijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
hirtijēm (dative masculine plural)
hirtijum (dative masculine plural)
hirtijēm (dative feminine plural)
hirtijum (dative feminine plural)
hirtijēm (dative neuter plural)
hirtijum (dative neuter plural)
hirtijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
hirtijum (instrumental masculine plural)
hirtijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
hirtijum (feminine instrumental plural)
hirtijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
hirtijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: -heort

Old Saxon: -hert

⇒ Old Saxon: gramhert

Old High German: herzi, -herz

From Proto-Germanic *-hertaz + *-ī (adjective suffix). Cognate with Gothic -𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐍃 (-hairts).


wōdanhert(ī)

wōdanhert (canonical)
ī (romanization)
wōdanhert (masculine nominative singular)
wōdanhertu (feminine nominative singular)
wōdanhert (neuter nominative singular)
wōdanhertanā (accusative masculine singular)
wōdanhertā (accusative feminine singular)
wōdanhert (accusative neuter singular)
wōdanhertas (genitive masculine singular)
wōdanherteʀā (feminine genitive singular)
wōdanhertas (genitive neuter singular)
wōdanhertumē (dative masculine singular)
wōdanherteʀē (dative feminine singular)
wōdanhertumē (dative neuter singular)
wōdanhertu (instrumental masculine singular)
wōdanherteʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
wōdanhertu (instrumental neuter singular)
wōdanhertē (masculine nominative plural)
wōdanhertō (feminine nominative plural)
wōdanhertu (neuter nominative plural)
wōdanhertā (accusative masculine plural)
wōdanhertā (accusative feminine plural)
wōdanhertu (accusative neuter plural)
wōdanherteʀō (genitive masculine plural)
wōdanherteʀō (feminine genitive plural)
wōdanherteʀō (genitive neuter plural)
wōdanhertēm (dative masculine plural)
wōdanhertum (dative masculine plural)
wōdanhertēm (dative feminine plural)
wōdanhertum (dative feminine plural)
wōdanhertēm (dative neuter plural)
wōdanhertum (dative neuter plural)
wōdanhertēm (instrumental masculine plural)
wōdanhertum (instrumental masculine plural)
wōdanhertēm (feminine instrumental plural)
wōdanhertum (feminine instrumental plural)
wōdanhertēm (instrumental neuter plural)
wōdanhertum (instrumental neuter plural)
wōdanhirtī (masculine nominative singular)
wōdanhirtiju (feminine nominative singular)
wōdanhirtī (neuter nominative singular)
wōdanhirtijanā (accusative masculine singular)
wōdanhirtijā (accusative feminine singular)
wōdanhirtī (accusative neuter singular)
wōdanhirtijas (genitive masculine singular)
wōdanhirtijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
wōdanhirtijas (genitive neuter singular)
wōdanhirtijumē (dative masculine singular)
wōdanhirtijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
wōdanhirtijumē (dative neuter singular)
wōdanhirtiju (instrumental masculine singular)
wōdanhirtijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
wōdanhirtiju (instrumental neuter singular)
wōdanhirtijē (masculine nominative plural)
wōdanhirtijō (feminine nominative plural)
wōdanhirtiju (neuter nominative plural)
wōdanhirtijā (accusative masculine plural)
wōdanhirtijā (accusative feminine plural)
wōdanhirtiju (accusative neuter plural)
wōdanhirtijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
wōdanhirtijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
wōdanhirtijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
wōdanhirtijēm (dative masculine plural)
wōdanhirtijum (dative masculine plural)
wōdanhirtijēm (dative feminine plural)
wōdanhirtijum (dative feminine plural)
wōdanhirtijēm (dative neuter plural)
wōdanhirtijum (dative neuter plural)
wōdanhirtijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
wōdanhirtijum (instrumental masculine plural)
wōdanhirtijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
wōdanhirtijum (feminine instrumental plural)
wōdanhirtijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
wōdanhirtijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: wēdenheort

Old High German: wuotanherz

From *wōdō (“rage”) + *-hert(ī) (“-hearted”).


waihert(ī)

waihert (canonical)
ī (romanization)
waihert (masculine nominative singular)
waihertu (feminine nominative singular)
waihert (neuter nominative singular)
waihertanā (accusative masculine singular)
waihertā (accusative feminine singular)
waihert (accusative neuter singular)
waihertas (genitive masculine singular)
waiherteʀā (feminine genitive singular)
waihertas (genitive neuter singular)
waihertumē (dative masculine singular)
waiherteʀē (dative feminine singular)
waihertumē (dative neuter singular)
waihertu (instrumental masculine singular)
waiherteʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
waihertu (instrumental neuter singular)
waihertē (masculine nominative plural)
waihertō (feminine nominative plural)
waihertu (neuter nominative plural)
waihertā (accusative masculine plural)
waihertā (accusative feminine plural)
waihertu (accusative neuter plural)
waiherteʀō (genitive masculine plural)
waiherteʀō (feminine genitive plural)
waiherteʀō (genitive neuter plural)
waihertēm (dative masculine plural)
waihertum (dative masculine plural)
waihertēm (dative feminine plural)
waihertum (dative feminine plural)
waihertēm (dative neuter plural)
waihertum (dative neuter plural)
waihertēm (instrumental masculine plural)
waihertum (instrumental masculine plural)
waihertēm (feminine instrumental plural)
waihertum (feminine instrumental plural)
waihertēm (instrumental neuter plural)
waihertum (instrumental neuter plural)
waihirtī (masculine nominative singular)
waihirtiju (feminine nominative singular)
waihirtī (neuter nominative singular)
waihirtijanā (accusative masculine singular)
waihirtijā (accusative feminine singular)
waihirtī (accusative neuter singular)
waihirtijas (genitive masculine singular)
waihirtijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
waihirtijas (genitive neuter singular)
waihirtijumē (dative masculine singular)
waihirtijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
waihirtijumē (dative neuter singular)
waihirtiju (instrumental masculine singular)
waihirtijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
waihirtiju (instrumental neuter singular)
waihirtijē (masculine nominative plural)
waihirtijō (feminine nominative plural)
waihirtiju (neuter nominative plural)
waihirtijā (accusative masculine plural)
waihirtijā (accusative feminine plural)
waihirtiju (accusative neuter plural)
waihirtijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
waihirtijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
waihirtijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
waihirtijēm (dative masculine plural)
waihirtijum (dative masculine plural)
waihirtijēm (dative feminine plural)
waihirtijum (dative feminine plural)
waihirtijēm (dative neuter plural)
waihirtijum (dative neuter plural)
waihirtijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
waihirtijum (instrumental masculine plural)
waihirtijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
waihirtijum (feminine instrumental plural)
waihirtijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
waihirtijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old Saxon: *wēhertīg

Middle Low German: wēhertich

Old High German: wēherzīg

Middle High German: *wēherzic

German: wehherzig (archaic)

From *wai (“woe”) + *-hert(ī) (“-hearted”).


Wōdan

Wōdan (nominative singular)
Wōdan (accusative singular)
Wōdanā (accusative plural)
Wōdanō (genitive plural)
Wōdanē (dative singular)
Wōdanu (instrumental singular)

desctree

Old English: Wōden, *Wēden, *Wœden, Wodæn, Woddan
→ Latin: Wothen
Middle English: Woden
→ English: Woden (learned)

Old Frisian: *Wēden, *Wēda

North Frisian: Wedke

Old Saxon: Wōden
Middle Low German: Wode

Old Dutch: Wuodan, Wuadan, *Wuotan

Middle Dutch: *Woeden, *Woen

Dutch: Woen (likely back-formation from woensdag)

Old High German:

Latin script: Wōdan, Wuotan, Uuodan

Runic script: ᚹᛟᛞᚨᚾ (wodan)

Lombardic: Godan, *Wōdan

→ Latin: Godan

From Proto-Germanic *Wōdanaz. Cognate with Old Norse Óðinn.


Tīw

Tīw (nominative singular)
Tīw (accusative singular)

Old English: Tīw, Tuu, Tig, Tiig — Mercian
→ English: Tiw

Old Frisian: Tii

Old High German: Ziu, *Zīw


rehthert(ī)

rehthert (canonical)
ī (romanization)
rehthert (masculine nominative singular)
rehthertu (feminine nominative singular)
rehthert (neuter nominative singular)
rehthertanā (accusative masculine singular)
rehthertā (accusative feminine singular)
rehthert (accusative neuter singular)
rehthertas (genitive masculine singular)
rehtherteʀā (feminine genitive singular)
rehthertas (genitive neuter singular)
rehthertumē (dative masculine singular)
rehtherteʀē (dative feminine singular)
rehthertumē (dative neuter singular)
rehthertu (instrumental masculine singular)
rehtherteʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
rehthertu (instrumental neuter singular)
rehthertē (masculine nominative plural)
rehthertō (feminine nominative plural)
rehthertu (neuter nominative plural)
rehthertā (accusative masculine plural)
rehthertā (accusative feminine plural)
rehthertu (accusative neuter plural)
rehtherteʀō (genitive masculine plural)
rehtherteʀō (feminine genitive plural)
rehtherteʀō (genitive neuter plural)
rehthertēm (dative masculine plural)
rehthertum (dative masculine plural)
rehthertēm (dative feminine plural)
rehthertum (dative feminine plural)
rehthertēm (dative neuter plural)
rehthertum (dative neuter plural)
rehthertēm (instrumental masculine plural)
rehthertum (instrumental masculine plural)
rehthertēm (feminine instrumental plural)
rehthertum (feminine instrumental plural)
rehthertēm (instrumental neuter plural)
rehthertum (instrumental neuter plural)
rehthirtī (masculine nominative singular)
rehthirtiju (feminine nominative singular)
rehthirtī (neuter nominative singular)
rehthirtijanā (accusative masculine singular)
rehthirtijā (accusative feminine singular)
rehthirtī (accusative neuter singular)
rehthirtijas (genitive masculine singular)
rehthirtijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
rehthirtijas (genitive neuter singular)
rehthirtijumē (dative masculine singular)
rehthirtijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
rehthirtijumē (dative neuter singular)
rehthirtiju (instrumental masculine singular)
rehthirtijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
rehthirtiju (instrumental neuter singular)
rehthirtijē (masculine nominative plural)
rehthirtijō (feminine nominative plural)
rehthirtiju (neuter nominative plural)
rehthirtijā (accusative masculine plural)
rehthirtijā (accusative feminine plural)
rehthirtiju (accusative neuter plural)
rehthirtijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
rehthirtijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
rehthirtijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
rehthirtijēm (dative masculine plural)
rehthirtijum (dative masculine plural)
rehthirtijēm (dative feminine plural)
rehthirtijum (dative feminine plural)
rehthirtijēm (dative neuter plural)
rehthirtijum (dative neuter plural)
rehthirtijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
rehthirtijum (instrumental masculine plural)
rehthirtijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
rehthirtijum (feminine instrumental plural)
rehthirtijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
rehthirtijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: rihtheort

Old High German: rehtherzi, rehtherz

From *reht (“right”) + *-hert(ī) (“-hearted”), calque of Latin rectus corde.


hauhahert(ī)

hauhahert (canonical)
ī (romanization)
hauhahert (masculine nominative singular)
hauhahertu (feminine nominative singular)
hauhahert (neuter nominative singular)
hauhahertanā (accusative masculine singular)
hauhahertā (accusative feminine singular)
hauhahert (accusative neuter singular)
hauhahertas (genitive masculine singular)
hauhaherteʀā (feminine genitive singular)
hauhahertas (genitive neuter singular)
hauhahertumē (dative masculine singular)
hauhaherteʀē (dative feminine singular)
hauhahertumē (dative neuter singular)
hauhahertu (instrumental masculine singular)
hauhaherteʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
hauhahertu (instrumental neuter singular)
hauhahertē (masculine nominative plural)
hauhahertō (feminine nominative plural)
hauhahertu (neuter nominative plural)
hauhahertā (accusative masculine plural)
hauhahertā (accusative feminine plural)
hauhahertu (accusative neuter plural)
hauhaherteʀō (genitive masculine plural)
hauhaherteʀō (feminine genitive plural)
hauhaherteʀō (genitive neuter plural)
hauhahertēm (dative masculine plural)
hauhahertum (dative masculine plural)
hauhahertēm (dative feminine plural)
hauhahertum (dative feminine plural)
hauhahertēm (dative neuter plural)
hauhahertum (dative neuter plural)
hauhahertēm (instrumental masculine plural)
hauhahertum (instrumental masculine plural)
hauhahertēm (feminine instrumental plural)
hauhahertum (feminine instrumental plural)
hauhahertēm (instrumental neuter plural)
hauhahertum (instrumental neuter plural)
hauhahirtī (masculine nominative singular)
hauhahirtiju (feminine nominative singular)
hauhahirtī (neuter nominative singular)
hauhahirtijanā (accusative masculine singular)
hauhahirtijā (accusative feminine singular)
hauhahirtī (accusative neuter singular)
hauhahirtijas (genitive masculine singular)
hauhahirtijeʀā (feminine genitive singular)
hauhahirtijas (genitive neuter singular)
hauhahirtijumē (dative masculine singular)
hauhahirtijeʀē (dative feminine singular)
hauhahirtijumē (dative neuter singular)
hauhahirtiju (instrumental masculine singular)
hauhahirtijeʀu (feminine instrumental singular)
hauhahirtiju (instrumental neuter singular)
hauhahirtijē (masculine nominative plural)
hauhahirtijō (feminine nominative plural)
hauhahirtiju (neuter nominative plural)
hauhahirtijā (accusative masculine plural)
hauhahirtijā (accusative feminine plural)
hauhahirtiju (accusative neuter plural)
hauhahirtijeʀō (genitive masculine plural)
hauhahirtijeʀō (feminine genitive plural)
hauhahirtijeʀō (genitive neuter plural)
hauhahirtijēm (dative masculine plural)
hauhahirtijum (dative masculine plural)
hauhahirtijēm (dative feminine plural)
hauhahirtijum (dative feminine plural)
hauhahirtijēm (dative neuter plural)
hauhahirtijum (dative neuter plural)
hauhahirtijēm (instrumental masculine plural)
hauhahirtijum (instrumental masculine plural)
hauhahirtijēm (feminine instrumental plural)
hauhahirtijum (feminine instrumental plural)
hauhahirtijēm (instrumental neuter plural)
hauhahirtijum (instrumental neuter plural)

Old English: hēahheort

Old Frisian: *hāchhertich

West Frisian: heechhertich

Old Dutch: *hōhhertīg

Middle Dutch: *hoochhatic

Dutch: hooghartig

Old High German: *hōhherzīg

Middle High German: *hōchherzic

German: hochherzig

From Proto-Germanic *hauhahertaz. Equivalent to *hauh (“high”) + *-hert(ī) (“-hearted”).


galustijan

galustijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
galustijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
galustijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
galustijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
galustiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
galustidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
galustisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
galustidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
galustidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
galustiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
galustidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
galustidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
galustijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
galustidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
galustiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
galustidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
galustijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
galustidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
galustijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
galustidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
galustijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
galustidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
galustijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
galustidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
galustijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
galustidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
galustijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
galustidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
galustijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
galustidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
galusti (class-1 present singular weak)
galustiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
galustijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
galustid (class-1 participle past weak)

desctree

Old English: ġelystan
Middle English: listen, lysten, lesten (merged with Old English lystan)
English: list
Scots: list

Old Saxon: gilustian

Middle Low German: gelüsten

Old Dutch: *gilusten

Middle Dutch: gelusten

Dutch: gelusten

Old High German: gilusten

desc

Middle High German: gelusten, gelüsten, glusten

German: gelüsten

⇒ Old High German: giluste

Middle High German: gelüste

Cimbrian: galüst

German: Gelüste, Gelüst


galustōn

galustōn (infinitive)
galustōnijas (genitive infinitive)
galustōnijē (dative infinitive)
galustōniju (infinitive instrumental)
galustō (first-person present singular)
galustōdā (first-person past singular)
galustōs (present second-person singular)
galustōdēs (past second-person singular)
galustōdōs (past second-person singular)
galustōþ (present singular third-person)
galustōdē (past singular third-person)
galustōdā (past singular third-person)
galustōm (first-person plural present)
galustōdum (first-person past plural)
galustōþ (plural present second-person)
galustōdud (past plural second-person)
galustōnþ (plural present third-person)
galustōdun (past plural third-person)
galustōdī (first-person past singular)
galustōdī (past second-person singular)
galustō (present singular third-person)
galustōdī (past singular third-person)
galustōdīm (first-person past plural)
galustōdīd (past plural second-person)
galustōn (plural present third-person)
galustōdīn (past plural third-person)
galustō (present singular)
galustōþ (plural present)
galustōndī (participle present)
galustōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: ġelustian
Middle English: lusten (merged with Old English *lustian)
English: lust
Scots: lust

Old Frisian: *gelustia

Saterland Frisian: gelustje

Old Dutch: *giluston

>? Middle Dutch: gelusten

Old High German: *gilustōn

desc

>? Middle High German: gelusten, glusten

German: gelusten


grōmō

grōmō (nominative singular)
grōman (nominative plural)
grōman (accusative singular)
grōman (accusative plural)
grōmini (genitive singular)
grōman (genitive singular)
grōmanō (genitive plural)
grōmini (dative singular)
grōman (dative singular)
grōmum (dative plural)
grōmini (instrumental singular)
grōman (instrumental singular)
grōmum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *grōma

desctree

Middle English: grome, grom, grume
English: groom
→ Dutch: groom
Scots: grome, grume, greem
→ Old French: gromme, groume
⇒ Old French: groumet
Middle French: gourmet
French: gourmet
→ English: gourmet
→ Icelandic: grómr, gromr


lustijan

lustijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
lustijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
lustijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
lustijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
lustiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
lustidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
lustisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
lustidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
lustidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
lustiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
lustidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
lustidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
lustijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
lustidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
lustiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
lustidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
lustijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
lustidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
lustijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
lustidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
lustijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
lustidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
lustijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
lustidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
lustijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
lustidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
lustijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
lustidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
lustijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
lustidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
lusti (class-1 present singular weak)
lustiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
lustijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
lustid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: lystan
Middle English: listen, lysten, lesten
English: list
Scots: list

Old Frisian: *lesta

Saterland Frisian: läste

West Frisian: lêste

Old Saxon: lustian

Middle Low German: lüsten

German Low German: lüsten

Old Dutch: lusten

Middle Dutch: lusten

Dutch: lusten

Old High German: lusten

Middle High German: lusten, lüsten

German: lüsten


fradammijan

fradammijan (class-1 infinitive weak)
fradammijannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
fradammijannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
fradammijannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
fradammiju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fradammidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fradammisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fradammidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fradammidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fradammiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fradammidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fradammidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fradammijum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fradammidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fradammiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fradammidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fradammijanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fradammidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fradammijē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
fradammidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
fradammijēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
fradammidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
fradammijē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
fradammidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
fradammijēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
fradammidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
fradammijēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
fradammidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
fradammijēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
fradammidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
fradammi (class-1 present singular weak)
fradammiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
fradammijandī (class-1 participle present weak)
fradammid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: fordemman

Old Dutch: *firdemmen, *firdammon

Middle Dutch: *verdemmen, verdammen

Dutch: verdammen

Old High German: firtemmen

Middle High German: vertemmen

German: verdämmen

From Proto-Germanic *fradammijaną, equivalent to *fra- + *dammijan.


lustōn

lustōn (infinitive)
lustōnijas (genitive infinitive)
lustōnijē (dative infinitive)
lustōniju (infinitive instrumental)
lustō (first-person present singular)
lustōdā (first-person past singular)
lustōs (present second-person singular)
lustōdēs (past second-person singular)
lustōdōs (past second-person singular)
lustōþ (present singular third-person)
lustōdē (past singular third-person)
lustōdā (past singular third-person)
lustōm (first-person plural present)
lustōdum (first-person past plural)
lustōþ (plural present second-person)
lustōdud (past plural second-person)
lustōnþ (plural present third-person)
lustōdun (past plural third-person)
lustōdī (first-person past singular)
lustōdī (past second-person singular)
lustō (present singular third-person)
lustōdī (past singular third-person)
lustōdīm (first-person past plural)
lustōdīd (past plural second-person)
lustōn (plural present third-person)
lustōdīn (past plural third-person)
lustō (present singular)
lustōþ (plural present)
lustōndī (participle present)
lustōd (participle past)

Old English: *lustian

Middle English: lusten

English: lust

Scots: lust

Old Frisian: *lustia

Saterland Frisian: lustje

Old Saxon: *lustōn

>? Middle Low German: lusten

Old Dutch: *luston

>? Middle Dutch: lusten

Dutch: lusten

Old High German: lustōn

Middle High German: lusten

German: lusten


Þunr

Þunr (nominative singular)
Þunrō (nominative plural)
Þunrōs (nominative plural)
Þunr (accusative singular)
Þunrā (accusative plural)
Þunras (genitive singular)
Þunrō (genitive plural)
Þunrē (dative singular)
Þunrum (dative plural)
Þunru (instrumental singular)
Þunrum (instrumental plural)

Old English: Þunor, Þūr, Þor
→ English: Thunor (learned)

Old Saxon: Thunær [9th c. CE, Old Saxon Baptismal Vow]

Old High German: Donar
→ German: Donar (learned)
→ Dutch: Donar (learned)

desc

⇒ Old High German: ᚹᛁᚷᛁᚦᛟᚾᚨᚱ (wigiþonar) [6th–7th c. CE, Nordendorf fibula]

From Proto-Germanic *Þunraz (“Thor”). Equilavent personification to *þunr (“thunder”).

Nordendorf fibula
Old Saxon Baptismal Vow


wikkjā

wikkjā (nominative singular)
wikkjōn (nominative plural)
wikkjōn (accusative singular)
wikkjōn (accusative plural)
wikkjōn (genitive singular)
wikkjōnō (genitive plural)
wikkjōn (dative singular)
wikkjōm (dative plural)
wikkjum (dative plural)
wikkjōn (instrumental singular)
wikkjōm (instrumental plural)
wikkjum (instrumental plural)

Old Dutch: *wikka

Middle Dutch: wikke

Dutch: wikke

Limburgish: wik

Old Saxon: wikka

Middle Low German: wicke

Plautdietsch: Wekj

→ Lithuanian: vikis

Old High German: wicka, wiccha

Middle High German: wicke

Alemannic German: Wick, Wicke

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: Wicke

German: Wicke

Central Franconian: Wick, Weck, Wöck

Hunsrik: Wick

Luxembourgish: Wéck, Wick

Rhine Franconian:

Palatine German: Wicke

→ Old Czech: vika

Czech: vikev

→ Hungarian: bükköny

→ Romanian: bechen, bicăn, bichen, bichină (dialectal)

→ Slovak: vika

→ Old Polish: wika, wyka

Polish: wyka, wika

→ Old East Slavic: вика (vika)

→ Russian: ви́ка (víka)

→ Ukrainian: ви́ка (výka)


kolb

kolb (nominative singular)
kolbō (nominative plural)
kolbōs (nominative plural)
kolb (accusative singular)
kolbā (accusative plural)
kolbas (genitive singular)
kolbō (genitive plural)
kolbē (dative singular)
kolbum (dative plural)
kolbu (instrumental singular)
kolbum (instrumental plural)

Old Dutch: *kolf

conflated with <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmw-pro">*kolbō</i>

Middle Dutch: kolf (conflated with *kolbō)

Old High German: kolb


kolbō

kolbō (nominative singular)
kolban (nominative plural)
kolban (accusative singular)
kolban (accusative plural)
kulbini (genitive singular)
kolban (genitive singular)
kolbanō (genitive plural)
kulbini (dative singular)
kolban (dative singular)
kolbum (dative plural)
kulbini (instrumental singular)
kolban (instrumental singular)
kolbum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *colba, *colfa

>? Middle English: culpe

English: kelp

Old Saxon: kolƀo

Middle Low German: colve

German Low German: Kolven

→ Saterland Frisian: Kolwe

Old Dutch: *kolbo

Middle Dutch: colve

desctree

Dutch: kolf
Afrikaans: kolf
→ West Frisian: kolf
→ Indonesian: kolf

Limburgish: kolf

→ Middle Scots: golf, gouff

Scots: gowf, gowff

→ English: golf

→ Afrikaans: gholf

Old High German: kolbo, cholpo
Middle High German: kolbe
Alemannic German: Cholbe, Cholpe
Bavarian: Koim, Koibm
Central Franconian: Kolf, Kolwe
Hunsrik: Kolve
German: Kolben
→ Luxembourgish: Kolben
Luxembourgish: Kollef, Kolf
Rhine Franconian: Kolwe
Pennsylvania German: Kolwe


fīrijā

fīrijā (nominative singular)
fīrijōn (nominative plural)
fīrijōn (accusative singular)
fīrijōn (accusative plural)
fīrijōn (genitive singular)
fīrijōnō (genitive plural)
fīrijōn (dative singular)
fīrijōm (dative plural)
fīrijum (dative plural)
fīrijōn (instrumental singular)
fīrijōm (instrumental plural)
fīrijum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: fīre

Saterland Frisian: Fíer

Old Saxon: fīra

Middle Low German: vîr, vîre

German Low German: Fier

→ Swedish: fira

Old Dutch: *fīra

Middle Dutch: viere

Old High German: fīra
Middle High German: vīre
German: Feier
Hunsrik: Feier
Luxembourgish: Feier

Borrowed from Late Latin fēria (“festival”).


wasku

wasku (nominative singular)
waskō (nominative plural)
waskā (accusative singular)
waskā (accusative plural)
waskā (genitive singular)
waskō (genitive plural)
waskē (dative singular)
waskōm (dative plural)
waskum (dative plural)
wasku (instrumental singular)
waskōm (instrumental plural)
waskum (instrumental plural)

Old English: wæsċ
Middle English: wasche, wasshe, wash
English: wash
Scots: wasch

Old Frisian: *waske, *weske

Saterland Frisian: Wäske

West Frisian: wask

Old Saxon: *waska

Middle Low German: wasche

German Low German: Waske, Wask

Old Dutch: *waska

Middle Dutch: wassche, wasse

Dutch: was

Old High German: waska, weska

Middle High German: wösche, wesche

German: Wäsche


gawaskan

gawaskan (infinitive)
gawaskannjas (genitive infinitive)
gawaskannjē (dative infinitive)
gawaskannju (infinitive instrumental)
gawasku (first-person present singular)
gawōsk (first-person past singular)
gawaskiʀi (present second-person singular)
gawōskī (past second-person singular)
gawaskidi (present singular third-person)
gawōsk (past singular third-person)
gawaskum (first-person plural present)
gawōskum (first-person past plural)
gawaskid (plural present second-person)
gawōskud (past plural second-person)
gawaskand (plural present third-person)
gawōskun (past plural third-person)
gawaskē (first-person present singular)
gawōskī (first-person past singular)
gawaskēs (present second-person singular)
gawaskē (present singular third-person)
gawōskī (past singular third-person)
gawaskēm (first-person plural present)
gawōskīm (first-person past plural)
gawaskēþ (plural present second-person)
gawōskīd (past plural second-person)
gawaskēn (plural present third-person)
gawōskīn (past plural third-person)
gawask (present singular)
gawaskid (plural present)
gawaskandī (participle present)
gawaskan (participle past)

Old English: ġewasċan
Middle English: iwashen

Old Dutch: *giwaskan

Middle Dutch: gewasscen

Old High German: giwaskan

Middle High German: gewaschen

German: gewaschen


stungōn

stungōn (infinitive)
stungōnijas (genitive infinitive)
stungōnijē (dative infinitive)
stungōniju (infinitive instrumental)
stungō (first-person present singular)
stungōdā (first-person past singular)
stungōs (present second-person singular)
stungōdēs (past second-person singular)
stungōdōs (past second-person singular)
stungōþ (present singular third-person)
stungōdē (past singular third-person)
stungōdā (past singular third-person)
stungōm (first-person plural present)
stungōdum (first-person past plural)
stungōþ (plural present second-person)
stungōdud (past plural second-person)
stungōnþ (plural present third-person)
stungōdun (past plural third-person)
stungōdī (first-person past singular)
stungōdī (past second-person singular)
stungō (present singular third-person)
stungōdī (past singular third-person)
stungōdīm (first-person past plural)
stungōdīd (past plural second-person)
stungōn (plural present third-person)
stungōdīn (past plural third-person)
stungō (present singular)
stungōþ (plural present)
stungōndī (participle present)
stungōd (participle past)

Old Dutch: *stungon

Middle Dutch: stungen

Old High German: stungōn, stunkōn

Middle High German: stungen

Closely related to the strong verb *stingan (“to stick out, sting”). It possibly descends from an older iterative verb.


dalōn

dalōn (infinitive)
dalōnijas (genitive infinitive)
dalōnijē (dative infinitive)
dalōniju (infinitive instrumental)
dalō (first-person present singular)
dalōdā (first-person past singular)
dalōs (present second-person singular)
dalōdēs (past second-person singular)
dalōdōs (past second-person singular)
dalōþ (present singular third-person)
dalōdē (past singular third-person)
dalōdā (past singular third-person)
dalōm (first-person plural present)
dalōdum (first-person past plural)
dalōþ (plural present second-person)
dalōdud (past plural second-person)
dalōnþ (plural present third-person)
dalōdun (past plural third-person)
dalōdī (first-person past singular)
dalōdī (past second-person singular)
dalō (present singular third-person)
dalōdī (past singular third-person)
dalōdīm (first-person past plural)
dalōdīd (past plural second-person)
dalōn (plural present third-person)
dalōdīn (past plural third-person)
dalō (present singular)
dalōþ (plural present)
dalōndī (participle present)
dalōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *dalia

q

West Frisian: dale (possibly borrowed from Dutch), taalje (with an unclear initial t-, possibly a high german influence)

Old Saxon: *dalōn

Middle Low German: dālen

→ Norwegian Bokmål: dale

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: dale, dala

→ Swedish: dala

→ Danish: dale

Old Dutch: *dalon

desctree

Middle Dutch: dālen
Dutch: dalen
Limburgish: dale, daole

Old High German: *talōn

⇒ Old High German: talōnti (entrenchment)


dihtōn

dihtōn (infinitive)
dihtōnijas (genitive infinitive)
dihtōnijē (dative infinitive)
dihtōniju (infinitive instrumental)
dihtō (first-person present singular)
dihtōdā (first-person past singular)
dihtōs (present second-person singular)
dihtōdēs (past second-person singular)
dihtōdōs (past second-person singular)
dihtōþ (present singular third-person)
dihtōdē (past singular third-person)
dihtōdā (past singular third-person)
dihtōm (first-person plural present)
dihtōdum (first-person past plural)
dihtōþ (plural present second-person)
dihtōdud (past plural second-person)
dihtōnþ (plural present third-person)
dihtōdun (past plural third-person)
dihtōdī (first-person past singular)
dihtōdī (past second-person singular)
dihtō (present singular third-person)
dihtōdī (past singular third-person)
dihtōdīm (first-person past plural)
dihtōdīd (past plural second-person)
dihtōn (plural present third-person)
dihtōdīn (past plural third-person)
dihtō (present singular)
dihtōþ (plural present)
dihtōndī (participle present)
dihtōd (participle past)

Old English: dihtian
Middle English: dighten, diten, dihten, disten, dithen
English: dight
Scots: dicht
Yola: dieeght

Old Frisian: *dichtia

Saterland Frisian: dichtje

West Frisian: dichtsje

Old Saxon: *dihtōn, dihton
Middle Low German: dichten
Low German: dichten
→ Old Norse: dikta
Norwegian:
Norwegian Nynorsk: dikte
Norwegian Bokmål: dikte, dikta
Swedish: dikta
Danish: digte

Old Dutch: *dihton (and / or from *dihtijan)

Middle Dutch: dichten
Dutch: dichten
Afrikaans: dig
Limburgish: dichte

Old High German: tihtōn, dihtōn
Middle High German: tihten, *dihten
German: dichten


wankulōn

wankulōn (infinitive)
wankulōnijas (genitive infinitive)
wankulōnijē (dative infinitive)
wankulōniju (infinitive instrumental)
wankulō (first-person present singular)
wankulōdā (first-person past singular)
wankulōs (present second-person singular)
wankulōdēs (past second-person singular)
wankulōdōs (past second-person singular)
wankulōþ (present singular third-person)
wankulōdē (past singular third-person)
wankulōdā (past singular third-person)
wankulōm (first-person plural present)
wankulōdum (first-person past plural)
wankulōþ (plural present second-person)
wankulōdud (past plural second-person)
wankulōnþ (plural present third-person)
wankulōdun (past plural third-person)
wankulōdī (first-person past singular)
wankulōdī (past second-person singular)
wankulō (present singular third-person)
wankulōdī (past singular third-person)
wankulōdīm (first-person past plural)
wankulōdīd (past plural second-person)
wankulōn (plural present third-person)
wankulōdīn (past plural third-person)
wankulō (present singular)
wankulōþ (plural present)
wankulōndī (participle present)
wankulōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *wanklia

>? Saterland Frisian: wonkje

West Frisian: wankelje

Old Saxon: *wankalōn

Middle Low German: wankelen

Old Dutch: *wankalon

Middle Dutch: wankelen

Dutch: wankelen

Old High German: wankalōn, wancalōn

Middle High German: wankelen, wankeln

German: wankeln

From *wankul (“swaying, unsteady”) + *-ōn, or derived from *wankōn (“to sway”) + *-lōn.


spurō

sporō (nominative singular)
sporan (nominative plural)
sporan (accusative singular)
sporan (accusative plural)
spurini (genitive singular)
sporan (genitive singular)
sporanō (genitive plural)
spurini (dative singular)
sporan (dative singular)
spurum (dative plural)
spurini (instrumental singular)
sporan (instrumental singular)
spurum (instrumental plural)

Old English: spura, spora

Middle English: spore, spor, spure, spwre, spuyre, spurre, spur, spoure, spourre, spowrre, spoor, sporre
English: spur
Scots: spur
Yola: spourr

Old Frisian: *spora

Saterland Frisian: Spoor

West Frisian: spoar

Old Saxon: sporo

Middle Low German: spōre, spāre

Low German: Spar

Old Dutch: *sporo; *spora

Middle Dutch: spōre

Dutch: spoor

Afrikaans: spoor

Old High German: sporo

Middle High German: spore

German: Sporn

→ Vulgar Latin: *sporo

Catalan: esperó

Old French: esperun

Middle French: esperon

French: éperon

Galician: esporón

Italian: sprone

Occitan: esporon


biklammjan

biklammjan (class-1 infinitive weak)
biklammjannjas (class-1 genitive infinitive weak)
biklammjannjē (class-1 dative infinitive weak)
biklammjannju (class-1 infinitive instrumental weak)
biklammju (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
biklamidā (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
biklamisi (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
biklamidēs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
biklamidōs (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
biklamiþi (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
biklamidē (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
biklamidā (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
biklammjum (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
biklamidum (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
biklamiþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
biklamidud (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
biklammjanþ (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
biklamidun (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
biklammjē (class-1 first-person present singular weak)
biklamidī (class-1 first-person past singular weak)
biklammjēs (class-1 present second-person singular weak)
biklamidī (class-1 past second-person singular weak)
biklammjē (class-1 present singular third-person weak)
biklamidī (class-1 past singular third-person weak)
biklammjēm (class-1 first-person plural present weak)
biklamidīm (class-1 first-person past plural weak)
biklammjēþ (class-1 plural present second-person weak)
biklamidīd (class-1 past plural second-person weak)
biklammjēn (class-1 plural present third-person weak)
biklamidīn (class-1 past plural third-person weak)
biklami (class-1 present singular weak)
biklamiþ (class-1 plural present weak)
biklammjandī (class-1 participle present weak)
biklamid (class-1 participle past weak)

Old English: beclemman
Middle English: *beclammen, *beclemmen
English: beclam

Old Saxon: biklemmian

desc

Middle Low German: beklemmen, beklimmen, beklummen

German Low German: beklemmen

Old Dutch: *biklemmen

Middle Dutch: *beclemmen

Dutch: beklemmen

→ West Frisian: beklamme, beklamje, beklimme

Old High German: biklemmen

Middle High German: beklemmen

German: beklemmen


handuþwahilu

handuþwahilu (nominative singular)
handuþwahilō (nominative plural)
handuþwahilā (accusative singular)
handuþwahilā (accusative plural)
handuþwahilā (genitive singular)
handuþwahilō (genitive plural)
handuþwahilē (dative singular)
handuþwahilōm (dative plural)
handuþwahilum (dative plural)
handuþwahilu (instrumental singular)
handuþwahilōm (instrumental plural)
handuþwahilum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: handthwēla

Middle Low German: hantdwēle

Old Dutch: *handthwāla

Middle Dutch: hantdwale, hantdwele, hantdwael

Dutch: handdwaal

Old High German: hantdwahala, hanttwāla, hantdwahila, hantdwehila

Middle High German: hanttwehele, hanttwehel

German: Handzwehle

From *handu (“hand”) + *þwahilu (“towel, washcloth”).


gakraftīgōn

gakraftīgōn (infinitive)
gakraftīgōnijas (genitive infinitive)
gakraftīgōnijē (dative infinitive)
gakraftīgōniju (infinitive instrumental)
gakraftīgō (first-person present singular)
gakraftīgōdā (first-person past singular)
gakraftīgōs (present second-person singular)
gakraftīgōdēs (past second-person singular)
gakraftīgōdōs (past second-person singular)
gakraftīgōþ (present singular third-person)
gakraftīgōdē (past singular third-person)
gakraftīgōdā (past singular third-person)
gakraftīgōm (first-person plural present)
gakraftīgōdum (first-person past plural)
gakraftīgōþ (plural present second-person)
gakraftīgōdud (past plural second-person)
gakraftīgōnþ (plural present third-person)
gakraftīgōdun (past plural third-person)
gakraftīgōdī (first-person past singular)
gakraftīgōdī (past second-person singular)
gakraftīgō (present singular third-person)
gakraftīgōdī (past singular third-person)
gakraftīgōdīm (first-person past plural)
gakraftīgōdīd (past plural second-person)
gakraftīgōn (plural present third-person)
gakraftīgōdīn (past plural third-person)
gakraftīgō (present singular)
gakraftīgōþ (plural present)
gakraftīgōndī (participle present)
gakraftīgōd (participle past)

Old English: gecræftgian

Old High German: gikreftigōn

Middle High German: gekreftigen


kindōn

kindōn (infinitive)
kindōnijas (genitive infinitive)
kindōnijē (dative infinitive)
kindōniju (infinitive instrumental)
kindō (first-person present singular)
kindōdā (first-person past singular)
kindōs (present second-person singular)
kindōdēs (past second-person singular)
kindōdōs (past second-person singular)
kindōþ (present singular third-person)
kindōdē (past singular third-person)
kindōdā (past singular third-person)
kindōm (first-person plural present)
kindōdum (first-person past plural)
kindōþ (plural present second-person)
kindōdud (past plural second-person)
kindōnþ (plural present third-person)
kindōdun (past plural third-person)
kindōdī (first-person past singular)
kindōdī (past second-person singular)
kindō (present singular third-person)
kindōdī (past singular third-person)
kindōdīm (first-person past plural)
kindōdīd (past plural second-person)
kindōn (plural present third-person)
kindōdīn (past plural third-person)
kindō (present singular)
kindōþ (plural present)
kindōndī (participle present)
kindōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *kindōn

Middle Low German: kinden

Old High German: kindōn

Middle High German: kinden

German: kinden


kraftīgōn

kraftīgōn (infinitive)
kraftīgōnijas (genitive infinitive)
kraftīgōnijē (dative infinitive)
kraftīgōniju (infinitive instrumental)
kraftīgō (first-person present singular)
kraftīgōdā (first-person past singular)
kraftīgōs (present second-person singular)
kraftīgōdēs (past second-person singular)
kraftīgōdōs (past second-person singular)
kraftīgōþ (present singular third-person)
kraftīgōdē (past singular third-person)
kraftīgōdā (past singular third-person)
kraftīgōm (first-person plural present)
kraftīgōdum (first-person past plural)
kraftīgōþ (plural present second-person)
kraftīgōdud (past plural second-person)
kraftīgōnþ (plural present third-person)
kraftīgōdun (past plural third-person)
kraftīgōdī (first-person past singular)
kraftīgōdī (past second-person singular)
kraftīgō (present singular third-person)
kraftīgōdī (past singular third-person)
kraftīgōdīm (first-person past plural)
kraftīgōdīd (past plural second-person)
kraftīgōn (plural present third-person)
kraftīgōdīn (past plural third-person)
kraftīgō (present singular)
kraftīgōþ (plural present)
kraftīgōndī (participle present)
kraftīgōd (participle past)

Old English: cræftgian

desc

Old Frisian: kreftigia, kreftegia, kreftgia, kraftegia

Old Saxon: *kreftigōn

Middle Low German: kreftigen, *kraftigen

German Low German: krachtigen

Old Dutch: *craftigon

Middle Dutch: craftigen, crachtigen

Dutch: krachtigen (obsolete)

Old High German: *kreftigōn

gl

merged with descendant of Old High German <i class="Latn mention" lang="goh">kreftīgen</i>

Middle High German: kreftigen (merged with descendant of Old High German kreftīgen)

German: kräftigen

⇒ Old High German: unkreftigōn

⇒ Old High German: giunkreftīgōt (ppt)

From *kraftīg (“powerful, strong”) + *-ōn.


kurʀōn

kurʀōn (infinitive)
kurʀōnijas (genitive infinitive)
kurʀōnijē (dative infinitive)
kurʀōniju (infinitive instrumental)
kurʀō (first-person present singular)
kurʀōdā (first-person past singular)
kurʀōs (present second-person singular)
kurʀōdēs (past second-person singular)
kurʀōdōs (past second-person singular)
kurʀōþ (present singular third-person)
kurʀōdē (past singular third-person)
kurʀōdā (past singular third-person)
kurʀōm (first-person plural present)
kurʀōdum (first-person past plural)
kurʀōþ (plural present second-person)
kurʀōdud (past plural second-person)
kurʀōnþ (plural present third-person)
kurʀōdun (past plural third-person)
kurʀōdī (first-person past singular)
kurʀōdī (past second-person singular)
kurʀō (present singular third-person)
kurʀōdī (past singular third-person)
kurʀōdīm (first-person past plural)
kurʀōdīd (past plural second-person)
kurʀōn (plural present third-person)
kurʀōdīn (past plural third-person)
kurʀō (present singular)
kurʀōþ (plural present)
kurʀōndī (participle present)
kurʀōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *kurrōn

Middle Low German: kurren, korren

Old Dutch: *corron

Middle Dutch: corren, curren

Dutch: korren

Old High German: *kurrōn

Middle High German: kurren

German: kurren


karʀōn

karʀōn (infinitive)
karʀōnijas (genitive infinitive)
karʀōnijē (dative infinitive)
karʀōniju (infinitive instrumental)
karʀō (first-person present singular)
karʀōdā (first-person past singular)
karʀōs (present second-person singular)
karʀōdēs (past second-person singular)
karʀōdōs (past second-person singular)
karʀōþ (present singular third-person)
karʀōdē (past singular third-person)
karʀōdā (past singular third-person)
karʀōm (first-person plural present)
karʀōdum (first-person past plural)
karʀōþ (plural present second-person)
karʀōdud (past plural second-person)
karʀōnþ (plural present third-person)
karʀōdun (past plural third-person)
karʀōdī (first-person past singular)
karʀōdī (past second-person singular)
karʀō (present singular third-person)
karʀōdī (past singular third-person)
karʀōdīm (first-person past plural)
karʀōdīd (past plural second-person)
karʀōn (plural present third-person)
karʀōdīn (past plural third-person)
karʀō (present singular)
karʀōþ (plural present)
karʀōndī (participle present)
karʀōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: karrōn

Middle Low German: karren

Old Dutch: *carron

q

likely merged with the descendant of <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">*kerzaną</i>

Middle Dutch: carren, kerren (likely merged with the descendant of *kerzaną)

Dutch: karren, kerren

Old High German: karrōn

Middle High German: karren


-ilu

-ilu (nominative singular)
-ilō (nominative plural)
-ilā (accusative singular)
-ilā (accusative plural)
-ilā (genitive singular)
-ilō (genitive plural)
-ilē (dative singular)
-ilōm (dative plural)
-ilum (dative plural)
-ilu (instrumental singular)
-ilōm (instrumental plural)
-ilum (instrumental plural)

From Proto-Germanic *-ilō, from *-ilaz (agent and instrumental suffix) + *-ō (nominal suffix).

af

Forms nouns denoting a tool or instrument.


kabisijōn

kabisijōn (infinitive)
kabisijōnijas (genitive infinitive)
kabisijōnijē (dative infinitive)
kabisijōniju (infinitive instrumental)
kabisijō (first-person present singular)
kabisijōdā (first-person past singular)
kabisijōs (present second-person singular)
kabisijōdēs (past second-person singular)
kabisijōdōs (past second-person singular)
kabisijōþ (present singular third-person)
kabisijōdē (past singular third-person)
kabisijōdā (past singular third-person)
kabisijōm (first-person plural present)
kabisijōdum (first-person past plural)
kabisijōþ (plural present second-person)
kabisijōdud (past plural second-person)
kabisijōnþ (plural present third-person)
kabisijōdun (past plural third-person)
kabisijōdī (first-person past singular)
kabisijōdī (past second-person singular)
kabisijō (present singular third-person)
kabisijōdī (past singular third-person)
kabisijōdīm (first-person past plural)
kabisijōdīd (past plural second-person)
kabisijōn (plural present third-person)
kabisijōdīn (past plural third-person)
kabisijō (present singular)
kabisijōþ (plural present)
kabisijōndī (participle present)
kabisijōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *kebision

Middle Low German: *kēvesen

desc

⇒ Middle Low German: vörkēvesen, vorkēvesen

Old Dutch: *kebison

Middle Dutch: kēvesen, kēefsen, kefschen, kēefschen

Old High German: kebisōn

Middle High German: kebesen, kebsen

German: kebsen


-ilā

-ilā (nominative singular)
-ilōn (nominative plural)
-ilōn (accusative singular)
-ilōn (accusative plural)
-ilōn (genitive singular)
-ilōnō (genitive plural)
-ilōn (dative singular)
-ilōm (dative plural)
-ilum (dative plural)
-ilōn (instrumental singular)
-ilōm (instrumental plural)
-ilum (instrumental plural)

Suffix appended to animal and plant names.


mawilā

mawilā (nominative singular)
mawilōn (nominative plural)
mawilōn (accusative singular)
mawilōn (accusative plural)
mawilōn (genitive singular)
mawilōnō (genitive plural)
mawilōn (dative singular)
mawilōm (dative plural)
mawilum (dative plural)
mawilōn (instrumental singular)
mawilōm (instrumental plural)
mawilum (instrumental plural)

Old English: mēowle

>? Plautdietsch: Mejal


kudilā

kudilā (nominative singular)
kudilōn (nominative plural)
kudilōn (accusative singular)
kudilōn (accusative plural)
kudilōn (genitive singular)
kudilōnō (genitive plural)
kudilōn (dative singular)
kudilōm (dative plural)
kudilum (dative plural)
kudilōn (instrumental singular)
kudilōm (instrumental plural)
kudilum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: cudele
Middle English: codulle, codel, codul, cotul, cutyl, cothell
English: cuttle
⇒ English: cuttlefish

From Proto-Germanic *kudilǭ. Equivalent to *kuddō (“bag, sack”) + *-ilā (plant and animal suffix).


hūhwilā

hūhwilā (nominative singular)
hūhwilōn (nominative plural)
hūhwilōn (accusative singular)
hūhwilōn (accusative plural)
hūhwilōn (genitive singular)
hūhwilōnō (genitive plural)
hūhwilōn (dative singular)
hūhwilōm (dative plural)
hūhwilum (dative plural)
hūhwilōn (instrumental singular)
hūhwilōm (instrumental plural)
hūhwilum (instrumental plural)

Old English: *hūle, *hūile

Middle English: howle

Scots: howle, houll

⇒? Old English: hūilpa

Old High German: hūwila

Middle High German: hūwel, hiuwel

From *hūhwō + *-ilā (plant and animal suffix).


hūkilā

hūkilā (nominative singular)
hūkilōn (nominative plural)
hūkilōn (accusative singular)
hūkilōn (accusative plural)
hūkilōn (genitive singular)
hūkilōnō (genitive plural)
hūkilōn (dative singular)
hūkilōm (dative plural)
hūkilum (dative plural)
hūkilōn (instrumental singular)
hūkilōm (instrumental plural)
hūkilum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: hūkila

Old High German: hūhhila

From *hūku + *-ilā (plant and animal suffix).


hūku

hūku (nominative singular)
hūkiwi (nominative plural)
hūkō (nominative plural)
hūku (accusative singular)
hūkū (accusative plural)
hūkō (genitive singular)
hūkiwō (genitive plural)
hūkiwi (dative singular)
hūkō (dative singular)
hūkum (dative plural)
hūku (instrumental singular)
hūkum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: hūk

Middle Low German: hûk, huk, huek, hûke

Old High German: hūh

Middle Low German: kouch


uwwō

uwwō (nominative singular)
uwwan (nominative plural)
uwwan (accusative singular)
uwwan (accusative plural)
uwwini (genitive singular)
uwwan (genitive singular)
uwwanō (genitive plural)
uwwini (dative singular)
uwwan (dative singular)
uwwum (dative plural)
uwwini (instrumental singular)
uwwan (instrumental singular)
uwwum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: ūwo


hūhwō

hūhwō (nominative singular)
hūhwan (nominative plural)
hūhwan (accusative singular)
hūhwan (accusative plural)
hūhwini (genitive singular)
hūhwan (genitive singular)
hūhwanō (genitive plural)
hūhwini (dative singular)
hūhwan (dative singular)
hūhwum (dative plural)
hūhwini (instrumental singular)
hūhwan (instrumental singular)
hūhwum (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: hūwo, hūo

Old High German: hūwo

Middle High German: hūwe

Alemannic German: Huu

German: Huw, Huhu, Huher, Uhu


uwwilā

uwwilā (nominative singular)
uwwilōn (nominative plural)
uwwilōn (accusative singular)
uwwilōn (accusative plural)
uwwilōn (genitive singular)
uwwilōnō (genitive plural)
uwwilōn (dative singular)
uwwilōm (dative plural)
uwwilum (dative plural)
uwwilōn (instrumental singular)
uwwilōm (instrumental plural)
uwwilum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: ūle
Middle English: oule, oul, owle, ule, howle, owlle
English: owl
Scots: oul, ool

Old Frisian: *ūle

Saterland Frisian: Ule

West Frisian: ûle

Old Saxon: ūwila
Middle Low German: ûle, uhle
German Low German: Uul
Plautdietsch: Ul

Old Dutch: ūla

Middle Dutch: ūle

Dutch: uil
Afrikaans: uil
→ Caribbean Hindustani: ullu

Old High German: ūwila
Middle High German: iuwele, iuwel, iule, ūle
Alemannic German: Üle
Bavarian:
Cimbrian: aul
Central Franconian: Eil
Hunsrik: Eil
Luxembourgish: Eil
Ripuarian: Üül
East Central German:
Upper Saxon German:
Vilamovian: aojł
East Franconian:
German: Eule
Rhine Franconian: Eil, Il
Frankfurterisch: [ail], (newer) [oil]
Pennsylvania German: Eil

From Proto-Germanic *uwwalǭ. Equivalent to *uwwō + *-ilā (plant and animal suffix).


Sīganu

Sīganu (nominative singular)
Sīganō (nominative plural)
Sīganā (accusative singular)
Sīganā (accusative plural)
Sīganā (genitive singular)
Sīganō (genitive plural)
Sīganē (dative singular)
Sīganu (instrumental singular)

Old English: Sīgen

Old Saxon: Sīgana

Old High German: Sīgona, Sīgana

Borrowed from Late Latin Sēcona, Sēgona, from Latin Sēquana.


bladōn

bladōn (infinitive)
bladōnijas (genitive infinitive)
bladōnijē (dative infinitive)
bladōniju (infinitive instrumental)
bladō (first-person present singular)
bladōdā (first-person past singular)
bladōs (present second-person singular)
bladōdēs (past second-person singular)
bladōdōs (past second-person singular)
bladōþ (present singular third-person)
bladōdē (past singular third-person)
bladōdā (past singular third-person)
bladōm (first-person plural present)
bladōdum (first-person past plural)
bladōþ (plural present second-person)
bladōdud (past plural second-person)
bladōnþ (plural present third-person)
bladōdun (past plural third-person)
bladōdī (first-person past singular)
bladōdī (past second-person singular)
bladō (present singular third-person)
bladōdī (past singular third-person)
bladōdīm (first-person past plural)
bladōdīd (past plural second-person)
bladōn (plural present third-person)
bladōdīn (past plural third-person)
bladō (present singular)
bladōþ (plural present)
bladōndī (participle present)
bladōd (participle past)

Old English: *blædian

Middle English: bladen

Old Saxon: *bladōn

Middle Low German: blāden

Old Dutch: *bladon
Middle Dutch: blāden
Dutch: bladen (obsolete)

Old High German: blatōn

Middle High German: blaten


brigdilōn

brigdilōn (infinitive)
brigdilōnijas (genitive infinitive)
brigdilōnijē (dative infinitive)
brigdilōniju (infinitive instrumental)
brigdilō (first-person present singular)
brigdilōdā (first-person past singular)
brigdilōs (present second-person singular)
brigdilōdēs (past second-person singular)
brigdilōdōs (past second-person singular)
brigdilōþ (present singular third-person)
brigdilōdē (past singular third-person)
brigdilōdā (past singular third-person)
brigdilōm (first-person plural present)
brigdilōdum (first-person past plural)
brigdilōþ (plural present second-person)
brigdilōdud (past plural second-person)
brigdilōnþ (plural present third-person)
brigdilōdun (past plural third-person)
brigdilōdī (first-person past singular)
brigdilōdī (past second-person singular)
brigdilō (present singular third-person)
brigdilōdī (past singular third-person)
brigdilōdīm (first-person past plural)
brigdilōdīd (past plural second-person)
brigdilōn (plural present third-person)
brigdilōdīn (past plural third-person)
brigdilō (present singular)
brigdilōþ (plural present)
brigdilōndī (participle present)
brigdilōd (participle past)

Old English: bridlian, bridelian

Middle English: bridlen, brydelen, brydelyn, bridelle, bridli
English: bridle

Old Saxon: *briddilon, *brigdilon

Middle Low German: breidelen

Old Dutch: *brigdelon

Middle Dutch: breidelen, brēdelen

Dutch: breidelen

Old High German: *brittelōn, *brītelōn

desc

Middle High German: brītelen, britelen, brīteln, prīteln

⇒ Old High German: gibrittelōn

⇒ Old High German: intbrittelōn


burilōn

burilōn (infinitive)
burilōnijas (genitive infinitive)
burilōnijē (dative infinitive)
burilōniju (infinitive instrumental)
burilō (first-person present singular)
burilōdā (first-person past singular)
burilōs (present second-person singular)
burilōdēs (past second-person singular)
burilōdōs (past second-person singular)
burilōþ (present singular third-person)
burilōdē (past singular third-person)
burilōdā (past singular third-person)
burilōm (first-person plural present)
burilōdum (first-person past plural)
burilōþ (plural present second-person)
burilōdud (past plural second-person)
burilōnþ (plural present third-person)
burilōdun (past plural third-person)
burilōdī (first-person past singular)
burilōdī (past second-person singular)
burilō (present singular third-person)
burilōdī (past singular third-person)
burilōdīm (first-person past plural)
burilōdīd (past plural second-person)
burilōn (plural present third-person)
burilōdīn (past plural third-person)
burilō (present singular)
burilōþ (plural present)
burilōndī (participle present)
burilōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *borrelia, *burrelia

West Frisian: buorrelje, boarrelje, burrelje

Old Dutch: *burilon

Middle Dutch: burelen, burlen, burrelen, borlen, borrelen

Dutch: borrelen, borlen

Old High German: burilōn


snākō

snākō (nominative singular)
snākan (nominative plural)
snākan (accusative singular)
snākan (accusative plural)
snākini (genitive singular)
snākan (genitive singular)
snākanō (genitive plural)
snākini (dative singular)
snākan (dative singular)
snākum (dative plural)
snākini (instrumental singular)
snākan (instrumental singular)
snākum (instrumental plural)

Old High German: *snāko (“gnat”)

Middle High German: snāke

German: Schnake

Hunsrik: Schnok


fehōn

fehōn (infinitive)
fehōnijas (genitive infinitive)
fehōnijē (dative infinitive)
fehōniju (infinitive instrumental)
fehō (first-person present singular)
fehōdā (first-person past singular)
fehōs (present second-person singular)
fehōdēs (past second-person singular)
fehōdōs (past second-person singular)
fehōþ (present singular third-person)
fehōdē (past singular third-person)
fehōdā (past singular third-person)
fehōm (first-person plural present)
fehōdum (first-person past plural)
fehōþ (plural present second-person)
fehōdud (past plural second-person)
fehōnþ (plural present third-person)
fehōdun (past plural third-person)
fehōdī (first-person past singular)
fehōdī (past second-person singular)
fehō (present singular third-person)
fehōdī (past singular third-person)
fehōdīm (first-person past plural)
fehōdīd (past plural second-person)
fehōn (plural present third-person)
fehōdīn (past plural third-person)
fehō (present singular)
fehōþ (plural present)
fehōndī (participle present)
fehōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: fehōn

Old High German: fehōn

Likely related to *gafehan (“to rejoice”).


frafehōn

frafehōn (infinitive)
frafehōnijas (genitive infinitive)
frafehōnijē (dative infinitive)
frafehōniju (infinitive instrumental)
frafehō (first-person present singular)
frafehōdā (first-person past singular)
frafehōs (present second-person singular)
frafehōdēs (past second-person singular)
frafehōdōs (past second-person singular)
frafehōþ (present singular third-person)
frafehōdē (past singular third-person)
frafehōdā (past singular third-person)
frafehōm (first-person plural present)
frafehōdum (first-person past plural)
frafehōþ (plural present second-person)
frafehōdud (past plural second-person)
frafehōnþ (plural present third-person)
frafehōdun (past plural third-person)
frafehōdī (first-person past singular)
frafehōdī (past second-person singular)
frafehō (present singular third-person)
frafehōdī (past singular third-person)
frafehōdīm (first-person past plural)
frafehōdīd (past plural second-person)
frafehōn (plural present third-person)
frafehōdīn (past plural third-person)
frafehō (present singular)
frafehōþ (plural present)
frafehōndī (participle present)
frafehōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: farfehōn

Old High German: firfehōn


faimagōn

faimagōn (infinitive)
faimagōnijas (genitive infinitive)
faimagōnijē (dative infinitive)
faimagōniju (infinitive instrumental)
faimagō (first-person present singular)
faimagōdā (first-person past singular)
faimagōs (present second-person singular)
faimagōdēs (past second-person singular)
faimagōdōs (past second-person singular)
faimagōþ (present singular third-person)
faimagōdē (past singular third-person)
faimagōdā (past singular third-person)
faimagōm (first-person plural present)
faimagōdum (first-person past plural)
faimagōþ (plural present second-person)
faimagōdud (past plural second-person)
faimagōnþ (plural present third-person)
faimagōdun (past plural third-person)
faimagōdī (first-person past singular)
faimagōdī (past second-person singular)
faimagō (present singular third-person)
faimagōdī (past singular third-person)
faimagōdīm (first-person past plural)
faimagōdīd (past plural second-person)
faimagōn (plural present third-person)
faimagōdīn (past plural third-person)
faimagō (present singular)
faimagōþ (plural present)
faimagōndī (participle present)
faimagōd (participle past)

Old English: fāmgian

Middle English: fomen

English: foam

Old High German: feimagōn, feimigōn


failōn

failōn (infinitive)
failōnijas (genitive infinitive)
failōnijē (dative infinitive)
failōniju (infinitive instrumental)
failō (first-person present singular)
failōdā (first-person past singular)
failōs (present second-person singular)
failōdēs (past second-person singular)
failōdōs (past second-person singular)
failōþ (present singular third-person)
failōdē (past singular third-person)
failōdā (past singular third-person)
failōm (first-person plural present)
failōdum (first-person past plural)
failōþ (plural present second-person)
failōdud (past plural second-person)
failōnþ (plural present third-person)
failōdun (past plural third-person)
failōdī (first-person past singular)
failōdī (past second-person singular)
failō (present singular third-person)
failōdī (past singular third-person)
failōdīm (first-person past plural)
failōdīd (past plural second-person)
failōn (plural present third-person)
failōdīn (past plural third-person)
failō (present singular)
failōþ (plural present)
failōndī (participle present)
failōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *fēlōn

Middle Low German: vêlen

Old Dutch: *feilon, *fēlon

Middle Dutch: veilen, vêlen

Dutch: veilen

→ West Frisian: feile, feilje

Old High German: feilōn

Middle High German: veilen

German: feilen (obsolete)

From *failī (“venal, to be sold”) + *-ōn.


fnāstōn

fnāstōn (infinitive)
fnāstōnijas (genitive infinitive)
fnāstōnijē (dative infinitive)
fnāstōniju (infinitive instrumental)
fnāstō (first-person present singular)
fnāstōdā (first-person past singular)
fnāstōs (present second-person singular)
fnāstōdēs (past second-person singular)
fnāstōdōs (past second-person singular)
fnāstōþ (present singular third-person)
fnāstōdē (past singular third-person)
fnāstōdā (past singular third-person)
fnāstōm (first-person plural present)
fnāstōdum (first-person past plural)
fnāstōþ (plural present second-person)
fnāstōdud (past plural second-person)
fnāstōnþ (plural present third-person)
fnāstōdun (past plural third-person)
fnāstōdī (first-person past singular)
fnāstōdī (past second-person singular)
fnāstō (present singular third-person)
fnāstōdī (past singular third-person)
fnāstōdīm (first-person past plural)
fnāstōdīd (past plural second-person)
fnāstōn (plural present third-person)
fnāstōdīn (past plural third-person)
fnāstō (present singular)
fnāstōþ (plural present)
fnāstōndī (participle present)
fnāstōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: fnǣstian
Middle English: fnasten, fnesten

Old High German: fnāstōn

desc

>? Middle High German: pfnesten, phnesten


snagōn

snagōn (infinitive)
snagōnijas (genitive infinitive)
snagōnijē (dative infinitive)
snagōniju (infinitive instrumental)
snagō (first-person present singular)
snagōdā (first-person past singular)
snagōs (present second-person singular)
snagōdēs (past second-person singular)
snagōdōs (past second-person singular)
snagōþ (present singular third-person)
snagōdē (past singular third-person)
snagōdā (past singular third-person)
snagōm (first-person plural present)
snagōdum (first-person past plural)
snagōþ (plural present second-person)
snagōdud (past plural second-person)
snagōnþ (plural present third-person)
snagōdun (past plural third-person)
snagōdī (first-person past singular)
snagōdī (past second-person singular)
snagō (present singular third-person)
snagōdī (past singular third-person)
snagōdīm (first-person past plural)
snagōdīd (past plural second-person)
snagōn (plural present third-person)
snagōdīn (past plural third-person)
snagō (present singular)
snagōþ (plural present)
snagōndī (participle present)
snagōd (participle past)

Leveled from Proto-Germanic *snakkoþi ~ *snagunanþi, o-grade iterative to *sneganą.


harjabergōn

harjabergōn (infinitive)
harjabergōnijas (genitive infinitive)
harjabergōnijē (dative infinitive)
harjabergōniju (infinitive instrumental)
harjabergō (first-person present singular)
harjabergōdā (first-person past singular)
harjabergōs (present second-person singular)
harjabergōdēs (past second-person singular)
harjabergōdōs (past second-person singular)
harjabergōþ (present singular third-person)
harjabergōdē (past singular third-person)
harjabergōdā (past singular third-person)
harjabergōm (first-person plural present)
harjabergōdum (first-person past plural)
harjabergōþ (plural present second-person)
harjabergōdud (past plural second-person)
harjabergōnþ (plural present third-person)
harjabergōdun (past plural third-person)
harjabergōdī (first-person past singular)
harjabergōdī (past second-person singular)
harjabergō (present singular third-person)
harjabergōdī (past singular third-person)
harjabergōdīm (first-person past plural)
harjabergōdīd (past plural second-person)
harjabergōn (plural present third-person)
harjabergōdīn (past plural third-person)
harjabergō (present singular)
harjabergōþ (plural present)
harjabergōndī (participle present)
harjabergōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: herebeorgian
Middle English: herberwen
English: harbor, harbour
Scots: hairbor, hairbour

Old Frisian: *herbergia

desc

⇒ Saterland Frisian: behärbíergje, behärbiergje

West Frisian: herbergje

Old Saxon: *heribergon

Middle Low German: herbergen, herbargen

Low German: harbargen

Old Dutch: *heribergon, *herebergon

Middle Dutch: herbergen

Dutch: herbergen

desctree

→ Old French: herbergier, herberger
Middle French: hierbegier
French: héberger
Galician: aberger, abergar

Old High German: heribergōn

Middle High German: herbergen

German: herbergen

From *harjabergu (“barracks, shelter”) + *-ōn.


blōd

blōd (nominative singular)
blōdu (nominative plural)
blōd (accusative singular)
blōdu (accusative plural)
blōdas (genitive singular)
blōdō (genitive plural)
blōdē (dative singular)
blōdum (dative plural)
blōdu (instrumental singular)
blōdum (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old English: blōd
Middle English: blood
Scots: bluid
English: blood

Old Frisian: blōd
North Frisian:
Sylt: Blör
Saterland Frisian: Bloud
West Frisian: bloed

Old Saxon: blōd
Middle Low German: blôt
German Low German: Blood, Bloot

Old Dutch: bluot
Middle Dutch: bloet
Dutch: bloed
Afrikaans: bloed
Berbice Creole Dutch: blutu
Javindo: bloet
Skepi Creole Dutch: blut
→? Sranan Tongo: brudu
→ Aukan: buulu
→ Saramaccan: buúu
Limburgish: blood

Old High German: bluot, blod, bluat, blud, bluet, bluod, bluoth, blut, bluth, pload, ploat, plot, plout, pluat, pluod, pluot, pluoth
Middle High German: bluot
Alemannic German: Bluet
Alsatian: Blüet
Swabian: Bluat
Bavarian: Bluad, Bluat
Cimbrian: pluat
Mòcheno:
Central Franconian: Blot, Blut
Hunsrik: Blud
Luxembourgish: Blutt
East Central German: Blutt (Oberlausitz; Silesian)
Vilamovian: błüt
East Franconian:
German: Blut
Rhine Franconian:
Pennsylvania German: Blut
Yiddish: בלוט (blut)


halbōn

halbōn (infinitive)
halbōnijas (genitive infinitive)
halbōnijē (dative infinitive)
halbōniju (infinitive instrumental)
halbō (first-person present singular)
halbōdā (first-person past singular)
halbōs (present second-person singular)
halbōdēs (past second-person singular)
halbōdōs (past second-person singular)
halbōþ (present singular third-person)
halbōdē (past singular third-person)
halbōdā (past singular third-person)
halbōm (first-person plural present)
halbōdum (first-person past plural)
halbōþ (plural present second-person)
halbōdud (past plural second-person)
halbōnþ (plural present third-person)
halbōdun (past plural third-person)
halbōdī (first-person past singular)
halbōdī (past second-person singular)
halbō (present singular third-person)
halbōdī (past singular third-person)
halbōdīm (first-person past plural)
halbōdīd (past plural second-person)
halbōn (plural present third-person)
halbōdīn (past plural third-person)
halbō (present singular)
halbōþ (plural present)
halbōndī (participle present)
halbōd (participle past)

Old English: *healfian

Middle English: halven

English: halve

Old Dutch: *halvon

Middle Dutch: halven

Dutch: halven (obsolete)

Old High German: *halbōn

Middle High German: halben

⇒ Old High German: bihalbōn

⇒ Old High German: umbihalbōn


lauwōn

lauwōn (infinitive)
lauwōnijas (genitive infinitive)
lauwōnijē (dative infinitive)
lauwōniju (infinitive instrumental)
lauwō (first-person present singular)
lauwōdā (first-person past singular)
lauwōs (present second-person singular)
lauwōdēs (past second-person singular)
lauwōdōs (past second-person singular)
lauwōþ (present singular third-person)
lauwōdē (past singular third-person)
lauwōdā (past singular third-person)
lauwōm (first-person plural present)
lauwōdum (first-person past plural)
lauwōþ (plural present second-person)
lauwōdud (past plural second-person)
lauwōnþ (plural present third-person)
lauwōdun (past plural third-person)
lauwōdī (first-person past singular)
lauwōdī (past second-person singular)
lauwō (present singular third-person)
lauwōdī (past singular third-person)
lauwōdīm (first-person past plural)
lauwōdīd (past plural second-person)
lauwōn (plural present third-person)
lauwōdīn (past plural third-person)
lauwō (present singular)
lauwōþ (plural present)
lauwōndī (participle present)
lauwōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *lāia

West Frisian: loaie (possibly borrowed from Dutch)

Old Saxon: *lōon

Middle Low German: lōen

Old Dutch: *lōien, *lōen

Middle Dutch: lôyen, louwen

Dutch: looien

Old High German: *lōwōn

Middle High German: lōwen

German: lohen

⇒ Old High German: gilōwōn


bilistinōn

bilistinōn (infinitive)
bilistinōnijas (genitive infinitive)
bilistinōnijē (dative infinitive)
bilistinōniju (infinitive instrumental)
bilistinō (first-person present singular)
bilistinōdā (first-person past singular)
bilistinōs (present second-person singular)
bilistinōdēs (past second-person singular)
bilistinōdōs (past second-person singular)
bilistinōþ (present singular third-person)
bilistinōdē (past singular third-person)
bilistinōdā (past singular third-person)
bilistinōm (first-person plural present)
bilistinōdum (first-person past plural)
bilistinōþ (plural present second-person)
bilistinōdud (past plural second-person)
bilistinōnþ (plural present third-person)
bilistinōdun (past plural third-person)
bilistinōdī (first-person past singular)
bilistinōdī (past second-person singular)
bilistinō (present singular third-person)
bilistinōdī (past singular third-person)
bilistinōdīm (first-person past plural)
bilistinōdīd (past plural second-person)
bilistinōn (plural present third-person)
bilistinōdīn (past plural third-person)
bilistinō (present singular)
bilistinōþ (plural present)
bilistinōndī (participle present)
bilistinōd (participle past)

Old English: belistnian

Old High German: bilistinōn

From *bi- + *listinōn, however the simplex verb is not attested in any of the descendant languages.


grummōn

grummōn (infinitive)
grummōnijas (genitive infinitive)
grummōnijē (dative infinitive)
grummōniju (infinitive instrumental)
grummō (first-person present singular)
grummōdā (first-person past singular)
grummōs (present second-person singular)
grummōdēs (past second-person singular)
grummōdōs (past second-person singular)
grummōþ (present singular third-person)
grummōdē (past singular third-person)
grummōdā (past singular third-person)
grummōm (first-person plural present)
grummōdum (first-person past plural)
grummōþ (plural present second-person)
grummōdud (past plural second-person)
grummōnþ (plural present third-person)
grummōdun (past plural third-person)
grummōdī (first-person past singular)
grummōdī (past second-person singular)
grummō (present singular third-person)
grummōdī (past singular third-person)
grummōdīm (first-person past plural)
grummōdīd (past plural second-person)
grummōn (plural present third-person)
grummōdīn (past plural third-person)
grummō (present singular)
grummōþ (plural present)
grummōndī (participle present)
grummōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *grommia

West Frisian: gromje, gromme

Old Saxon: *grummōn

Middle Low German: grummen

Old Dutch: *grummon

Middle Dutch: grommen, grummen

Dutch: grommen, grummen

Old High German: *grummōn

Middle High German: grummen

German: grummen

⇒ Old High German: umbigrummōn

Closely related to the strong verb *grimman, possibly an older iterative verb.


mihstōn

mihstōn (infinitive)
mihstōnijas (genitive infinitive)
mihstōnijē (dative infinitive)
mihstōniju (infinitive instrumental)
mihstō (first-person present singular)
mihstōdā (first-person past singular)
mihstōs (present second-person singular)
mihstōdēs (past second-person singular)
mihstōdōs (past second-person singular)
mihstōþ (present singular third-person)
mihstōdē (past singular third-person)
mihstōdā (past singular third-person)
mihstōm (first-person plural present)
mihstōdum (first-person past plural)
mihstōþ (plural present second-person)
mihstōdud (past plural second-person)
mihstōnþ (plural present third-person)
mihstōdun (past plural third-person)
mihstōdī (first-person past singular)
mihstōdī (past second-person singular)
mihstō (present singular third-person)
mihstōdī (past singular third-person)
mihstōdīm (first-person past plural)
mihstōdīd (past plural second-person)
mihstōn (plural present third-person)
mihstōdīn (past plural third-person)
mihstō (present singular)
mihstōþ (plural present)
mihstōndī (participle present)
mihstōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *mihstia, *mehstia

desc

West Frisian: mjuchtsje, mjuksje, mjoksje, meste

Old Saxon: *miston, *meston

Middle Low German: misten, messen, mēssen

Old Dutch: *miston, *meston

Middle Dutch: misten, mesten

Dutch: mesten

Old High German: mistōn

Middle High German: misten

German: misten


minniʀōn

minniʀōn (infinitive)
minniʀōnijas (genitive infinitive)
minniʀōnijē (dative infinitive)
minniʀōniju (infinitive instrumental)
minniʀō (first-person present singular)
minniʀōdā (first-person past singular)
minniʀōs (present second-person singular)
minniʀōdēs (past second-person singular)
minniʀōdōs (past second-person singular)
minniʀōþ (present singular third-person)
minniʀōdē (past singular third-person)
minniʀōdā (past singular third-person)
minniʀōm (first-person plural present)
minniʀōdum (first-person past plural)
minniʀōþ (plural present second-person)
minniʀōdud (past plural second-person)
minniʀōnþ (plural present third-person)
minniʀōdun (past plural third-person)
minniʀōdī (first-person past singular)
minniʀōdī (past second-person singular)
minniʀō (present singular third-person)
minniʀōdī (past singular third-person)
minniʀōdīm (first-person past plural)
minniʀōdīd (past plural second-person)
minniʀōn (plural present third-person)
minniʀōdīn (past plural third-person)
minniʀō (present singular)
minniʀōþ (plural present)
minniʀōndī (participle present)
minniʀōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: minria, minneria, mindria, menderia

West Frisian: minderje

Old Saxon: *minniron

Middle Low German: minneren, minren, minderen

Old Dutch: *minniron

Middle Dutch: minneren, minren, minderen, mendren, menren

Dutch: minderen

Old High German: minnirōn

Middle High German: minneren, minnern, minren, minderen, mindern

German: mindern


sanþōn

sanþōn (infinitive)
sanþōnijas (genitive infinitive)
sanþōnijē (dative infinitive)
sanþōniju (infinitive instrumental)
sanþō (first-person present singular)
sanþōdā (first-person past singular)
sanþōs (present second-person singular)
sanþōdēs (past second-person singular)
sanþōdōs (past second-person singular)
sanþōþ (present singular third-person)
sanþōdē (past singular third-person)
sanþōdā (past singular third-person)
sanþōm (first-person plural present)
sanþōdum (first-person past plural)
sanþōþ (plural present second-person)
sanþōdud (past plural second-person)
sanþōnþ (plural present third-person)
sanþōdun (past plural third-person)
sanþōdī (first-person past singular)
sanþōdī (past second-person singular)
sanþō (present singular third-person)
sanþōdī (past singular third-person)
sanþōdīm (first-person past plural)
sanþōdīd (past plural second-person)
sanþōn (plural present third-person)
sanþōdīn (past plural third-person)
sanþō (present singular)
sanþōþ (plural present)
sanþōndī (participle present)
sanþōd (participle past)

desctree

Old English: sōþian, sōðian — edh spelling
Middle English: soþien, sothen
English: soothe
Scots: suith, sooth
⇒ Scots: soother (verb)

Old High German: sandōn


sanþaword

sanþaword (nominative singular)
sanþawordu (nominative plural)
sanþaword (accusative singular)
sanþawordu (accusative plural)
sanþawordas (genitive singular)
sanþawordō (genitive plural)
sanþawordē (dative singular)
sanþawordum (dative plural)
sanþawordu (instrumental singular)
sanþawordum (instrumental plural)

Old English: sōþword

Old Saxon: sōthword


mahtīgōn

mahtīgōn (infinitive)
mahtīgōnijas (genitive infinitive)
mahtīgōnijē (dative infinitive)
mahtīgōniju (infinitive instrumental)
mahtīgō (first-person present singular)
mahtīgōdā (first-person past singular)
mahtīgōs (present second-person singular)
mahtīgōdēs (past second-person singular)
mahtīgōdōs (past second-person singular)
mahtīgōþ (present singular third-person)
mahtīgōdē (past singular third-person)
mahtīgōdā (past singular third-person)
mahtīgōm (first-person plural present)
mahtīgōdum (first-person past plural)
mahtīgōþ (plural present second-person)
mahtīgōdud (past plural second-person)
mahtīgōnþ (plural present third-person)
mahtīgōdun (past plural third-person)
mahtīgōdī (first-person past singular)
mahtīgōdī (past second-person singular)
mahtīgō (present singular third-person)
mahtīgōdī (past singular third-person)
mahtīgōdīm (first-person past plural)
mahtīgōdīd (past plural second-person)
mahtīgōn (plural present third-person)
mahtīgōdīn (past plural third-person)
mahtīgō (present singular)
mahtīgōþ (plural present)
mahtīgōndī (participle present)
mahtīgōd (participle past)

Old Frisian: *mahtigia

West Frisian: machtigje

Old Saxon: *mahtigon

Middle Low German: mechtigen

Old Dutch: *mahtigon

Middle Dutch: machtigen

Dutch: machtigen

Old High German: *mahtigōn

Middle High German: mechtigen

German: mächtigen (obsolete)

⇒ Old High German: gimahtigōn


sanþaspell

sanþaspell (nominative singular)
sanþaspellu (nominative plural)
sanþaspell (accusative singular)
sanþaspellu (accusative plural)
sanþaspellas (genitive singular)
sanþaspellō (genitive plural)
sanþaspellē (dative singular)
sanþaspellum (dative plural)
sanþaspellu (instrumental singular)
sanþaspellum (instrumental plural)

Old English: sōþspell

Old Saxon: sōthspell, sōthspel

For sense 1, from *sanþ (“true”, adj) + *spell.
For sense 2, from *sanþ (“truth”, noun) + *spell.


ganautōn

ganautōn (infinitive)
ganautōnijas (genitive infinitive)
ganautōnijē (dative infinitive)
ganautōniju (infinitive instrumental)
ganautō (first-person present singular)
ganautōdā (first-person past singular)
ganautōs (present second-person singular)
ganautōdēs (past second-person singular)
ganautōdōs (past second-person singular)
ganautōþ (present singular third-person)
ganautōdē (past singular third-person)
ganautōdā (past singular third-person)
ganautōm (first-person plural present)
ganautōdum (first-person past plural)
ganautōþ (plural present second-person)
ganautōdud (past plural second-person)
ganautōnþ (plural present third-person)
ganautōdun (past plural third-person)
ganautōdī (first-person past singular)
ganautōdī (past second-person singular)
ganautō (present singular third-person)
ganautōdī (past singular third-person)
ganautōdīm (first-person past plural)
ganautōdīd (past plural second-person)
ganautōn (plural present third-person)
ganautōdīn (past plural third-person)
ganautō (present singular)
ganautōþ (plural present)
ganautōndī (participle present)
ganautōd (participle past)

Old Saxon: *genōton

Middle Low German: genôten

Old Dutch: *genōton

Middle Dutch: genôten

Old High German: ginōzōn

Middle High German: genōzen

From *ganaut (“companion, accomplice, equal”) + *-ōn


maiwā

maiwā (nominative singular)
maiwōn (nominative plural)
maiwōn (accusative singular)
maiwōn (accusative plural)
maiwōn (genitive singular)
maiwōnō (genitive plural)
maiwōn (dative singular)
maiwōm (dative plural)
maiwum (dative plural)
maiwōn (instrumental singular)
maiwōm (instrumental plural)
maiwum (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: *mēwe

North Frisian: mö (Söl'ring)

West Frisian: meau, miuw

Old Saxon: *mēwa

Middle Low German: mêwe, mêve

desc

German Low German: Meew, Meev, Mööw, Mööv

→ German: Möwe

→ Yiddish: מעווע (meve)

→ Luxembourgish: Méiw

→ Limburgish: mévas

Old Dutch: *mēwa

Middle Dutch: mewe, meeuwe

Dutch: meeuw

Afrikaans: meeu

gl

>? Old High German: mēu, mēh (from a transcription originally written in Old English)


waltan

waltan (infinitive)
waltannjas (genitive infinitive)
waltannjē (dative infinitive)
waltannju (infinitive instrumental)
waltu (first-person present singular)
wealt (first-person past singular)
waltiʀi (present second-person singular)
wealtī (past second-person singular)
waltidi (present singular third-person)
wealt (past singular third-person)
waltum (first-person plural present)
wealtum (first-person past plural)
waltid (plural present second-person)
wealtud (past plural second-person)
waltand (plural present third-person)
wealtun (past plural third-person)
waltē (first-person present singular)
wealtī (first-person past singular)
waltēs (present second-person singular)
waltē (present singular third-person)
wealtī (past singular third-person)
waltēm (first-person plural present)
wealtīm (first-person past plural)
waltēþ (plural present second-person)
wealtīd (past plural second-person)
waltēn (plural present third-person)
wealtīn (past plural third-person)
walt (present singular)
waltid (plural present)
waltandī (participle present)
waltan (participle past)

Old Dutch: *waltan

Middle Dutch: wouten

Dutch: wouten, woiten, walten (attested only in dialects)

Old High German: walzan

Middle High German: walzen

German: walzen

→ Dutch: walsen

→ English: waltz

→ French: valser