kije

Proto-Samoyedic:

Proto-Selkup: *śǖ

Northern Selkup: щӱ (śü)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шӱ

Upper Ob: сii

Ugric:

Hungarian: kígyó

Proto-Permic: *kij (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Mari: *kĭškə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kuj

Erzya: гуй (guj)

Moksha: куй (kuj)

Proto-Finnic: *küü (see there for further descendants)


saxe-

? Samoyedic:

>? Tundra Nenets: тэворць (teworcʹ°)

Permic:

Komi-Zyrian: суны (suny)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: шуаш (šuaš)

Mordvinic:

Proto-Mordvinic: *sams~*sajəms (“to get to, arrive”)

Erzya: самс (sams)

Moksha: самс (sams)

Proto-Mordvinic: *sajəms~*sävəms (“to take (away); to get”)

Erzya: саемс (sajems)

Moksha: сявомс (śavoms)

Proto-Finnic: *saadak (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *senh₂-.


kojwa

Proto-Samoyedic: *koəj

Nganasan: күо (küo)

Tundra Enets: ко (ko)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хо (xo)

Proto-Selkup: *k͔üə

Northern Selkup: ӄя (qja)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кве

Kamassian: койӱ (kojü)

Mator: ку

Ugric:

Hungarian: hajó (“ship”)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ха̄ль (hālʹ)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: куэ (kue)

Western Mari: куги (kugi)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kij-~*kuj-

Erzya: килей (kiľej)

Moksha: келу (kelu)

Proto-Finnic: *koivu (see there for further descendants)


kaďa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kaje-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хае (χāje)

Selkup:

desc

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (quəčə-)

Ugric:

Hungarian: hagy

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (χūĺ-)

Proto-Permic: *koľni (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: коде- (kode-)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kadəms

Erzya: кадомс (kadoms)

Moksha: кадомс (kadoms)

Proto-Samic: *kuoδētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *katodak (see there for further descendants)


kepä

Proto-Samoyedic: *kejpä

Tundra Nenets: сӣбя (syībya)

Proto-Ugric:

Hungarian: kevés (“little”)

Proto-Finnic: *kepjä (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *keappē:

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: gyöhpehke / [Term?]

Ume Sami: giehpèdit / [Term?]

Pite Sami: kiehˈpat / [Term?] (kêhpês)

Lule Sami: gähppat / [Term?]

Northern Sami: geahppat / gehppes, geahppa, geahppadis

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: keppis / [Term?]

Skolt Sami: ǩieʹppeed / [Term?] (ǩeä´pˈpes)

Akkala Sami: кеаппесь (k’eapp’es’) / [Term?]

Kildin Sami: ке̄һпесь (kiehpjes’) / ке̄һпьсесь (kiehp’sjes’)

Ter Sami: [script needed] (kieχ̜̄p̜es̜) / [Term?]


kule-

Ugric:

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: хӯлуӈкве (hūluňkwe)

Hungarian: ? hall (if not from *kuntele-)

Proto-Permic: *ku̇lni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kuľəms

Erzya: кулямс (kuľams)

Moksha: кулемс (kuľems)

Proto-Finnic: *kuuldak (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kulëtēk (see there for further descendants)


śilä

Samoyedic:

Nganasan: [script needed] (séla, “melted fat (from fish)”)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (siilè, “fat”), [script needed] (siileng, “fat”)

Kamassian: [script needed] (śəl) [script needed] (śil, “fat, tallow”), (Koibal) [script needed] (syl, “fat”)

Ugric:

Mansi:

Central Mansi: [script needed] (šilt, “bear fat”)

Finnic:

Finnish: silava


wëre

Ugric

Hungarian: ? orr (“nose”), orom (“promontory”)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ур (ur)

Proto-Permic: *vȯr (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *voori (see there for further descendants)


suxe-

Proto-Samic: *sukëtēk, *suvtētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *soutadak (see there for further descendants)

According to Koivulehto, possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *sewh₁- (“to set in motion”), although this etymology is problematic.


üwä

Proto-Samoyedic:

Koibal: миня

Mator: мине

Ugric

Hungarian: öv

Proto-Finnic: *vöö (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *ëvē (see there for further descendants)


wäke

Proto-Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (wö̭γ)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (wāγ)

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: -ви (-vi)

Udmurt: -ви (-vi)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: вий (vij)

Western Mari: ви (vi)

Proto-Mordvinic: *väj ⇒ *vij

Erzya: вий (vij)

Moksha: вий (vij)

Proto-Samic: *viekë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *väki (see there for further descendants)


jänte

Proto-Samoyedic: *jentə

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ен (yen°)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шынд

Upper Ob: кэддэ

Ugric:

Hungarian: ideg

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: я̄нтэв (â̄ntèw)

Proto-Finnic: *jändek (see there for further descendants)


mura-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: мӑрда (marδā)

Ugric

Hungarian: mar

Proto-Finnic: *murtadak (see there for further descendants)


nataw

Samoyedi:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: надо (nado)

Proto-Samic: *nuotōj

Southern Sami: nååte

Proto-Finnic: *nato (see there for further descendants)


kajwa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kajwə-

*kajwå (“shovel”)

Nganasan: кайбу (kajbu)

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: сива (siva)

Proto-Permic: *kojni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *koe-

Proto-Mordvinic: *kaj-mə

Erzya: койме (kojme)

Moksha: кайме (kajme)

Proto-Samic: *koajvōtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kaivadak (see there for further descendants)


ipsɜ

Proto-Samoyedic: *əptə

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ӈабт (ŋabt°)

Enets:

Forest Enets: от

Kamassian: пу'бту (pu'btu)

Proto-Mari: *üps (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: íz

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ат (at)

Proto-Mordvinic: *opə-ś

Moksha: опось (opoś, “smell”)

Proto-Samic: *(h)ëpsētēk (see there for further descendants)


ńukśe

Proto-Samoyedic: *nokå

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: нохо (noxo)

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyuszt

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: нёхыс (nëhys, “sable”)

Proto-Khanty: *ńŏɣǝs (see there for further descendants)

Permic

Komi

Komi-Permyak: низь (ńiź)

Udmurt: низь (ńiź)

Proto-Finnic: *nuksi (see there for further descendants)


niŋä

Proto-Samoyedic: *ne

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: не (nye)

Forest Nenets: нē (nē)

Enets

Forest Enets: нэ

Proto-Selkup: *ne

Northern Selkup: нея (njeja)

Southern Selkup:

Tym: нэ

Ket: нэ

Nganasan: ны (nɨ)

Kamassian: не (ne)

Koibal: нэ

Mator: нэ

Ugric

Proto-Mansi: *nī

Northern Mansi: нэ̄ (nè̄)

Proto-Khanty: *nī

desc

Northern Khanty: нє (nê) (Kazym), нэ (ne) (Middle Ob)

Eastern Khanty: ні (ni) (Vasyugan), нэ (ne) (Surgut), ни (ni) (Vakh)

Hungarian: nő

Proto-Mordvinic: *ńij

Erzya: ни (ńi)


utka

Proto-Samoyedic: *uət

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: ӈуˮ (ŋuq)

Forest Nenets: ӈут (ŋut)

Proto-Selkup: *uə̑tte

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ватт

Upper Ob: уатт

Ugric:

Hungarian: út


ënɜppe

Proto-Samoyedic: *ïnəpə

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ӈынаб (ŋinab)

Proto-Finnic: *anoppi (see there for further descendants)

Likely originally a compound with *ëppe (“father-in-law”) as the second member. The first member is not known as an independent word, but may be also reflected in Proto-Samic *vuonēm (“mother-in-law”) (perhaps from *ënɜ + *emä). In such a case, the word may originally have been a dvandva compound (mother-in-law + father-in-law to mean "In-law" in general).


peje-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: пись (pyisʹ°)

Ugric

Hungarian: fő

Proto-Permic: *püni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pijəms

Erzya: пиемс (pijems)

Moksha: пимс (pims)


čukka-

Samoyedic

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Ugric

Hungarian: csuk


śaδa-

Samoyedic

Nenets

>? Tundra Nenets: саˮесь (saqyesʹ°)

Ugric

Hungarian: szalad


kaŋe-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: ханзь (xanzʹ°)

Ugric

Hungarian: hív


puwe-

Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: пӯць (pūcʹ°)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: пӯгу

Upper Ob: пугу

Ugric:

Hungarian: fúj

Proto-Mordvinic: *pəvams

Erzya: пувамс (puvams)


puwe-

Ugric:

Hungarian: fojt

Proto-Mordvinic: *povams

Erzya: повамс (povams)


älɜ-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: илӑ (ilā)

Ugric:

Hungarian: emel

Mansi: *ääləm-

Northern Mansi: а̄лмуӈкве (ālmuňkwe)


aŋe

Proto-Samoyedic: *äŋ

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: няʼ (nyah)

Forest Nenets: няӈ (nyaŋ)

Nganasan: ӈаӈ (ŋaŋ)

Proto-Selkup: *āŋ

Southern Selkup:

Narym: аӄ, аӈ

Upper Ob: аанг

Ugric:

Hungarian: aj

Proto-Permic: *ȯm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *aŋ

Eastern Mari: аҥ (aŋ)

Western Mari: äнг (äng)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ovks, *oŋks

Erzya: оньксть (ońksť, “bit”)

Moksha: овкс (ovks)

Perhaps related to Proto-Yukaghir *aŋa (“mouth”).


jome-

Uralic

Hungarian: indul


jëka-

>? Proto-Samoyedic: *jəkə- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Permic: *jukni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *javəms (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *juokētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *jakadak (see there for further descendants)


tappa-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тӑпӑрць (taparťś)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тапо́лешпэгу

Upper Ob: таабэргу

Proto-Mordvinic: *tapams

Erzya: тапамс (tapams)

Moksha: тапамс (tapams)

Proto-Finnic: *tappadak (“to kill, to slay; to thresh”)


taśa

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тас (tas°)

desctree

Proto-Finnic: *tasa
Estonian: tasa
Finnish: tasa
Ingrian: tasa
Karelian:
North Karelian: taša
South Karelian: taža
Livonian: tazā
Livvi: taza
Veps: taza, tazo
Võro: tasa
Votic: tasa


künte

Proto-Samoyedic: *küntə

Nganasan: кинтә (kintə)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сюн (syun°)

Proto-Selkup: *s'ümtə

Southern Selkup:

Ket: сӱмдӭ

Mator: кюнду

Ugric:

Hungarian: köd

Proto-Permic: *ku̇d (see there for further descendants)


täwe

Samoyedic:

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тивакˮ (tiwāk)

Ugric:

Hungarian: tüdő

Proto-Permic: *tu̇

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: ты (ty)

Udmurt: ты (ty)

Proto-Mordvinic: *tevə-

Erzya: тевеляв (ťeveľav)

Moksha: тевлав (ťevlav)

Proto-Finnic: *tävü (see there for further descendants)


sejpä

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тэвӑ (tewă)

>? Proto-Samic: *seajpē (see there for further descendants)


śowja

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тив (ťīv)

Proto-Samic: *čoavjē


ruŋke-

Ugric

Hungarian: rág


lümpe

Ugric:

Hungarian: láb (alternatively from *luwe (“bone”))


lütte-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: лэтвӑ (letbə)

Ugric

Hungarian: lát


meke-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: ми (ḿi)

Ugric

Hungarian: mű


šorwa

Proto-Samoyedic: *tïrå

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тыра (tirā)

Proto-Mordvinic: *čurə~*šurə

Erzya: чуро (čuro, “rare, sparse”)

Moksha: шура (šura)

Proto-Samic: *soarvē

Proto-Finnic: *harva


śukke

Proto-Samoyedic: *sokə

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сохо (sōχō)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: соӄ (“cape, promontory; island”)

Upper Ob: сок, сог (“cape, promontory;”)

Proto-Permic:

desc

Komi-Permyak: чук (ćuk, “mountain top, small hill”) (Vym, Lower Vychega)

Proto-Samic: *čokkë


reŋe

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: лэё (l'ejo)

Ugric

Hungarian: révül


ńire-

Ugric

Hungarian: nyír


mᴕńće-

Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: мӑнзабтё (mənzābťo)

Ugric:

Hungarian: mozog


ńiŋe

Proto-Samoyedic:

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: нени (njeni)

Ugric

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ниӈк (niňk) (obsolete)

Hungarian: nyű


śaŋke

Ugric:

Hungarian: szag


lappɜ

Ugric

Hungarian: lapos

Permic

Komi

Komi-Zyrian: лоп (lop)

Proto-Mordvinic: *lapəža

Erzya: лапужа (lapuža)

Moksha: лапш (lapš)

Proto-Finnic: *lap'ëh


korpe-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kårpǝ̑

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (kabu)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (karp°)

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (xarp°)

Proto-Samoyedic: *kårpǝ̑r-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (xarpǝr-)

Ugric

>? Hungarian: hervad (“to fade, wither, droop, languish”)

Proto-Mordvinic:

Erzya: курвамс (kurvams, “to burn”), киртамс (kirtams, “to burn (transitive)”), кирвазтемс (kirvazťems, “to ignite”)

Moksha:

Proto-Samic: *kuorpëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *korbët'ak, *korbëntadak (see there for further descendants)


śale-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: сярӑ (śārə)

Ugric

Hungarian: szalag


kuńa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kəjə

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: хӑя̆сь (xăyăsʹ°)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄа́егу

Upper Ob: каайгу

Ugric:

Hungarian: huny

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: хонюӈкве (honûňkwe)

Proto-Permic: *kuńni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *końəms (“to close, shut one's eyes”)

Erzya: конямс (końams)

Moksha: конемс (końems)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *końə (“forehead”)

>? Erzya: коня (końa)

>? Moksha: коня (końa)


püŋe

Ugric:

Hungarian: fogoly

Proto-Mordvinic: *povə-

Erzya: пово (povo)

Moksha: повня (povńa)

Proto-Finnic: *püü (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *pëŋkōj (see there for further descendants)


nüde

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: нирˮ (ńīr')

Nganasan: нир (njir)

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyél

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: нал (nal)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ńeď

Erzya: недь (ńeď)

Moksha: недь (ńeď)

Proto-Samic: *nëδë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *nüci (see there for further descendants)


ńüre

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: нерка (n'erkā)

Enets

Forest Enets: ны́га

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: нярӄы (njarqy)

Mator: нарга

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyír


pürke-

Ugric

Hungarian: fordít, forog, fordul

Proto-Mordvinic: *puvərəms~*puvərdəms

Erzya: пурдамс (purdams), пувордамс (puvordams)

Moksha: пувордамс (puvordams)


lowkke

Proto-Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: лохо (loxo)

Proto-Ugric:

>? Hungarian: lyuk, luk, lik


piľme

Janhunen (1977) considers Proto-Samoyedic *pəjmə- a derivative from *pi (“night”), suggesting a shorter Proto-Uralic root such as *piľe. SSA speculatively suggests a connection with *pilwe (“cloud”).


piľme

Proto-Samoyedic: *pəjmə- (“to be dark”)

Nganasan: хоймәгә (xojməgə, “darkness”)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: пэвась (pewasʹ°, “to be dark”)

Permic:

Udmurt: пеймыны (pejmyny, “to become dark”), пеймыт (pejmyt, “dark”)

Proto-Permic: *pemit (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pimedä (see there for further descendants)


nejde

Samoyedic:

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (nere-kétschu, “lass, female child”)

Proto-Permic: *nu̇l (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *niejtë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *neiti (see there for further descendants)


enä

Ugric:

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: яныг (ânyg)

Proto-Permic: *una

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: уна (una)

Komi-Zyrian: уна (una)

Udmurt: уно (uno)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ińə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *eannē (“mother”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *enä (see there for further descendants)


ańa

Ugric

Hungarian: ángy, ? anya (“mother”), leány (“girl”)

Ob-Ugric ("stepmother")

Proto-Mansi: *āńǝɣ

Northern Mansi: о̄ниг (ōnig) (Sosva), ōний (ōnij) (Upper Lozva)

Proto-Khanty: *i̮ńkī

Northern Khanty: ӑњхи (ănjhi)

Proto-Permic: *ań (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ańa

⇒ Erzya: низаня (ńizańa)

⇒ Moksha: аняка (ańaka)

>? Proto-Samic: *oańē (see there for further descendants)


śajwa

Samoyedic:

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (sǖ)

Kamassian: (Koibal) [script needed] (se)

Proto-Permic: *śoj (see there for further descendants)

Samic: ? *čuojvē, *čuovjē

Kildin Sami: чуййв (čujjv)

Ter Sami: [script needed] (čujjve)


šure-

Ugric:

Hungarian: irt

Permic

Komi-Permyak: шырны (šyrny)

Udmurt: шырыны (šyryny)


wune-

Permic

Komi

Komi-Permyak: вунӧдны (vunödny)

Udmurt: вунэтыны (vunetyny)

? Finnic: *unohtadak (see there for further descendants)

The comparison is uncertain, as a different etymology has also been suggested for the Finnic word.
The Permic words may alternatively be connected with Turkic; compare Turkish unutmak.


ńore

Samoyedic

Ugric

Hungarian: nyár (“(obsolete) marsh; poplar”)


kuśka

Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хасуй (xasuy°)

Mari:

⇒ Eastern Mari: кошкаш (koškaš)

Proto-Permic: *kȯs (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kośkə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *koškē (see there for further descendants)


kiwe

Ugric:

Hungarian: kő

Proto-Mansi: *käw

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: кав (kaw)

Proto-Khanty: *kööɣ

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: кӓв (käw)

Northern Khanty: кэв (kew)

Proto-Permic: *ki (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *kü (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kev (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kivi (see there for further descendants)

Not continued in the Samoyedic (contrast *pəj from the possible original synonym *pije) or the Samic languages (contrast *keaδkē, of unknown origin).


piŋe

? Samoyedic: (if not from *pije) *pə̈j (“stone”)

Ugric:

Hungarian: fog

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: пуӈк (puňk)

Southern Mansi: пӓӈ (päň)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: пӧӈк (pöṇk)

Northern Khanty: пеӈк (pjeṇk)

Proto-Permic: *piń (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *pü (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pej ~ *peŋ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pii (see there for further descendants)


ńälmä

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyelv

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: не̄лум (nēlum)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: њаԓәм (njałəm)

Northern Khanty: њаԓәм (njałəm)

Proto-Mari: *jĭlmə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *ńālmē (see there for further descendants)


käďwä

Proto-Samoyedic: *käjwä, *käjmä

Enets:

Forest Enets:

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (see)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (śiḿḿeʰku)

Tundra Nenets: сибяко (syibyako)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (šǖmä)

Kamassian: [script needed] (šʉjmʉ)

Mator: [script needed] (kejbe, “mare”)

Ugric:

Old Hungarian: helgy

Hungarian: hölgy

Proto-Mansi: *kääľ

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ка̄ль (kālʹ)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: кӧйәӈ (köjəṇ)

Northern Khanty: кей (kjej)

Proto-Samic: *kāθvē (see there for further descendants)

q

→? Proto-Germanic: *kattuz (possibly as a Wanderwort; the intermediate source is unknown) (see there for further descendants)

→? Latin: cattus (see there for further descendants)


nᴕje-

Samoyedic: *nåj-?

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (netebo)

desc

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (nêtíbo), [script needed] (neete-)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (näeś)

Tundra Nenets: нэсь (næsy)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: нӱӄа (nüqa)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: нӧ́гу

Upper Ob: нюгу

Mator: [script needed] (ноймамъ)

Hungarian: nyílik (“to open”) (intransitive), nyit (“to open”) (transitive)


puwe

Proto-Samoyedic: *pä

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: пя (pya)

Enets:

Forest Enets: пя

Nganasan: хуаа (xuaa)

Proto-Selkup: *pō

Southern Selkup:

Narym: по̄

Upper Ob: пуо, поо

Kamassian: пха (pʰa)

Ugric:

Hungarian: fa

Proto-Permic: *pu (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: пу (pu)

Proto-Finnic: *puu (see there for further descendants)


pišä

Proto-Permic: *pɛž (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *pežəť (“sin”)

>? Erzya: пежеть (pežeť)

>? Moksha: пеже (peže), пежеть (pežeť)

Proto-Samic: *pësē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pühä (see there for further descendants)


wëlketa

Proto-Mari: *wålɣədə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *valdə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *vielkëtē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *valkëda (see there for further descendants)


pićlä

Ugric:

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: писяр (pisjar)

Proto-Permic: *pɛliʒ́

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: пелысь (pelyś)

Udmurt: палэзь (paleź)

Proto-Mari: *pĭćlə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *piźəl

Erzya: пизёл (piźol)

Moksha: пизел (piźel)

Proto-Finnic: *pihlaga, *pihlä (see there for further descendants)


karketa

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: курыд (kuryd, “bitter”)

Udmurt: курыт (kuryt, “bitter”)

Proto-Finnic: *karkëda


ikene

Ugric:

Hungarian: íny

Proto-Finnic: *igen


pečä

Proto-Permic: *pɔžäm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *pü̆nčə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pičə

Erzya: пиче (piče)

Moksha: пиче (piče)

Proto-Samic: *peacē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *petägä (see there for further descendants)


wideme

Ugric:

Hungarian: velő

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ва̄лым (wālym) (Sosva)

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: вем (vem)

Komi-Zyrian: вем (vem)

Udmurt: вим (vim)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: вем (vem)

Proto-Mordvinic: *uďəmə

Erzya: удем (uďem)

Proto-Samic: *ëδëm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *üdin (see there for further descendants)


lewle

Ugric

Hungarian: lélek

Proto-Khanty: *līl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Permic: *löl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *lievlë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *leülü (< *lewlew) (see there for further descendants)


śäkće

Proto-Samic: *čiekčë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sääkci (see there for further descendants)


särä

Ugric:

Hungarian: ér

Proto-Khanty: *ʟeer

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (ler, jer)

Proto-Mansi: *tǟr

Central Mansi: [script needed] (toår, tå̄r)

Northern Mansi: та̄р (tār)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (tǟr)

Proto-Permic:

Udmurt: -сэр (-ser)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шер (šer)

Western Mari: [script needed] (šär)

Proto-Finnic: *soori (see there for further descendants)


kuće

Proto-Permic: *ku̇ʒ́ (see there for further descendants)


päkšnä

Proto-Mari: *pistə

Eastern Mari: пиште (pište)

Western Mari: пишты (pišty)

Proto-Mordvinic: *päkšə

Erzya: пекше (pekše)

Moksha: пяше (päše)

Proto-Finnic: *pähnä

Finnish: pärnä

Estonian: pärn

Võro: pähn

Likely a substrate loanword due to the three-consonant cluster, which is not native to Uralic.


kaďaw-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kajə- (“to remain”)

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: хаёсь (xayosʹ°)

Mari

Eastern Mari: кодаш (kodaš, “to stay”)


čaŋaw-

Proto-Samoyedic: *cåŋo- (“to wear out”)

Derived from *čaŋa- (“to beat, strike, rub”).


čaŋa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *cåŋå- (“to rub, wear out”)

Ugric

Proto-Mansi: *šī̮ŋkʷ- < *šūŋk-

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (sē̮ŋkʷ-, “to strike, kick”)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (čɔɣ-, “to strike”)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (čoŋχ-, “to strike”)

Mari

Eastern Mari: чоҥгаш (čoŋgaš, “to beat”)

Proto-Mordvinic: *čavəms~*šavəms

Erzya: чавомс (čavoms, “to strike”)

Moksha: [script needed] (šavəms, “to strike”)


šeŋkä

Proto-Permic: *šɔg (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *seaŋkē (see there for further descendants)


ëńa

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (ŋijᵊ)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (ī̮ńi̮)

Ugric

Khanty

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (åńi̮)

Proto-Permic:

Komi

Komi-Zyrian: уньӧ (uńö)

Proto-Samic: *vuońës (see there for further descendants)


ëśew-

Proto-Samoyedic: *ëso-

Enets

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (unu-, “to camp”)

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: ӈэ̀со (ŋæso)

Proto-Permic: *uźni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *asudak (see there for further descendants)


mertä

Proto-Permic: *mɔrt (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *mirďə (see there for further descendants)

Of Indo-Iranian origin, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás.


kerjä-

Proto-Ugric:

Hungarian: kér

Proto-Permic: *kɔrni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kerjät'äk (see there for further descendants)


sentew-

Proto-Samoyedic: *tentö-

Nganasan: тынтуди (ti̮ntuďi)

Proto-Permic: *sȯd-

Komi

Komi-Zyrian: содны (sodny)

Proto-Finnic: *süntüdäk (see there for further descendants)


ertä

Proto-Permic: *ɔrd (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: ӧрдыж (ördyž)

Western Mari: ӧрдӹж (ördÿž)

Proto-Mordvinic: *irďə-

Erzya: ирдез (irďez)

Moksha: ирдез (irďez)

Proto-Samic: *earttē (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from early Proto-Indo-Iranian *(H)érdʰo (later *Hárdʰas).


lelew

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *lil

Eastern Khanty: ԓәԓ (łəł) (Surgut), ләл (ləl) (Far-Eastern)

Southern Khanty: тәт (tət)

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian:

Komi-Izhma: лоо (loo)

Mari

Eastern Mari: лиле (ĺiĺe)

Proto-Finnic: *lülü (see there for further descendants)


čonče

Proto-Samic: *cuoncë (see there for further descendants)


ńijne

Proto-Permic: *ńin (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: ний (ńij)

Western Mari: ни (ńi)

Proto-Finnic: *niini (see there for further descendants)


küljä

Proto-Permic: *ku̇ľal-

Udmurt: [script needed] (ki̮ľa-)

Proto-Mordvinic: *keľə~*keľəŋ

Erzya: келей (keľej), келенг (keľeng)

Moksha: [script needed] (keľä), [script needed] (keľi)

Proto-Samic: *këljē


čijče

Proto-Permic: *ču̇ž (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *čičə

Eastern Mari: чиче (čiče)

Western Mari: чичӹ (čičÿ)

Proto-Samic: *cicë (see there for further descendants)


jaŋka

Proto-Samoyedic: *jåŋkå

Nganasan: [script needed] (ďoŋku)

Enets

Forest Enets: [script needed] (ďaga)

Nenets

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (jaŋka)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (ťwəŋɢə)

Ugric

Proto-Mansi: *jī̮ŋk̥

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (jaχ) (Lower Konda), [script needed] (je̮χ̥) (Middle Konda), [script needed] (je̮χ̥) (Upper Konda)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (jaχ) (Pelym), [script needed] (jāχ̥) (Lower Lozva)

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (jāχ̥) (Sosva)

Proto-Permic: *jugu̇t (<*jaŋketa), *jŭge̮r, *jŭgal-

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: югыд (jugyd), югӧр (jugör)

Udmurt: югыт (jugyt), [script needed] (juga-)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: [script needed] (joŋgə̑δə̑)

Western Mari: [script needed] (joŋgə̑), [script needed] (joŋgə̑δə̑)


jäsene

Proto-Permic: *jɔ̇z

⇒ Proto-Permic: *jɔ̇zvi

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: йӧзви (jözvi)

Udmurt: ёзви (jozvi)

Proto-Mordvinic: *jäzńä

Erzya: эзне (ezńe)

Moksha: эзне (ezńe)

Proto-Finnic: *jäsen (see there for further descendants)

Hyllested compares Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰes- (“hand”).


koppala

⇒ Proto-Mari: *kŭwəlćə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *koappēlē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *koppala (see there for further descendants)


mekše

Ugric:

Hungarian: méh

Proto-Permic: *möš (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *mükš (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *mekš (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *mehi (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from pre-Proto-Indo-Iranian *mékš, whence Proto-Indo-Iranian *mákš.


śerɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: szer

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sir)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: сӗр (“kind, nature”), сӱр (sür, “clan, origin”)

Northern Khanty: сыр (syr)

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyryan: сер (śer)

Proto-Mari: *śĭr (see there for further descendants)

Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: серʼ (śer°, “thing, matter; bad thing; like, in the way of …”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сиэъ (śieʔ, “thing, matter”)

Tundra Enets: сиэъ (śieʔ, “thing, matter”)

Nganasan: съиер (sier, “thing, matter”)


śerɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian:

⇒ szerelem (“romantic love”), ⇒ szeret (“to love, to like”)

⇒ szerdék¹ (“(obsolete) curdled milk, jam dregs”)

⇒ szerdék² (“(obsolete) acuisition, prey; strange thing; apparatus, component”)

⇒ szerkezet (“construction, structure”), ⇒ szerkeszt (“to edit”)

(maybe only in Proto-Hungarian) to join; to be linked / related to each other


woje-

Ugric:

Hungarian: vív (“to fight; to besiege; to fence”)

Proto-Finnic: *voidak (see there for further descendants)

The form *wäjä- is also possible according to Ante Aikio (2016), meaning a regular shift of *ä-ä to *a-i would have happened in Pre-Proto-Finnic (see *koi), making Proto-Samic *veajētēk a descendant and the Hungarian verb unrelated.


wole-

Ugric:

Hungarian: van (“to be”), vagyon (“property, wealth”)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: о̄луӈкве (ōluňkwe)

Central Mansi: олх (olh)

Proto-Permic: *vɔ̇lni (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: улаш (ulaš)

Western Mari: ы́лаш (ýlaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *uľəms

Erzya: улемс (uľems)

Moksha: улемс (uľems)

Proto-Finnic: *oldak (see there for further descendants)

Probably a frequentative (*-le-) derivative of a monosyllabic verb stem (*(w)o-le-); see *wo- / *o- for more. Has also sometimes been compared, although probably without much real merit, to Proto-Turkic *bōl-, Proto-Mongolic *bol-, or alternatively Proto-Turkic *ol-.

le-

with which merged into one paradigm in many descendants


uškɜ

Mari:

Eastern Mari: ӱшкӱж (üšküž), ӱшкӹж (üškÿž)

Proto-Permic: *ɔ̇š

Komi:

⇒ Komi-Permyak: ӧшка (öška)

Komi-Zyrian: ӧш (öš)

Udmurt: ош (oš)

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *(H)ukšā́ or Proto-Tocharian *wəkʷsó.


päškɜ

Permic:

Komi:

⇒? Komi-Zyrian: пашкан (paškan, “rosehip”)

⇒ Udmurt: пашпу (pašpu, “hazelnut bush”)

Proto-Mari: *pükš (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *päšťə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pähkä (see there for further descendants)


tuktɜ

Finno-Ugric:

Proto-Finnic: *tukto

Finnish: tuhto (“thwart (of a ship”)

Hungarian: tat (“stern (of a ship)”)

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: тік (tik, “cross wood, cross bar”)

Samoyedic:

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: тати (tati, “thwart (of a ship”)


tewä

Ugric

>? Hungarian: tehén (“cow”)

Samoyedic

Nganasan: taa (“deer”)

Kamassian: тягӧ (tagö, “deer”), тхо (tʰo, “deer”)

Tundra Nenets: ты (tı, “deer”)

Sometimes compared to Proto-Tungusic *tibŋa (“male deer, elk”), Proto-Turkic *tebe (“camel”) ("deer" in North Siberian Turkic languages).


mäle

Proto-Permic: *mu̇l (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *meľ~*mäľ

Erzya: мeль (meľ)

Moksha: мяль (mäľ)

Proto-Samic: *mielë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *meeli (see there for further descendants)


toxe-

Proto-Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (tā-)

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (tera-)

Nganasan: [script needed] (tādaי a-)

Selkup:

desc

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (tattι)

Kamassian: [script needed] (tet‑)

Proto-Ugric:

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (tu-) (Obdorsk)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tūl-)

Hungarian: tojik

Proto-Mordvinic: *tujəms

Erzya: туемс (tujems)

Moksha: тумс (tums)

Proto-Samic: *tuokëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *toodak (see there for further descendants)

Possibly a borrowing from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- (“to give”).


attɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: atya

Permic:

Udmurt: атай (ataj)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: ача (ača)

Western Mari: ача (ača)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *aťa

>? Erzya: атя (aťa)


śale

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *sal

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (so̭l)

Proto-Permic: *śul (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: шоло (šolo)

Western Mari: шол (šol)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śulo

Erzya: сюло (śulo)

Moksha: сюла (śula)

Proto-Samic: *čoalē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sooli (see there for further descendants)


śijele

Ugric:

Hungarian: sün, sül

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: соуле (soule)

Mari:

Western Mari: шӱлӹ (šülÿ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śejəľ

Erzya: сеель (śejeľ)

Moksha: сеель (śejeľ)

Proto-Finnic: *siili (see there for further descendants)


omte

Ugric:

Hungarian: odú

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: онт (ont)

Northern Khanty: вөнтəр (wøntər)

Southern Khanty: унт (unt), унтəр (untər)

Proto-Mansi: *āntǝr

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (ōntər)

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (ōntər)

Western Southern Mansi: [script needed] (ōntər), [script needed] (oåntėr), [script needed] (wåntėr)

Proto-Mordvinic: *undə

Erzya: ундо (undo)

Moksha: унда (unda)

Udmurt: удур (udur, “beehive opening”)

Proto-Samic: *vuomtë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *onci (see there for further descendants)


śada-

Proto-Finnic: *satadak (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic:

Lule Sami: tjātat

Proto-Samoyedic: *sårå-

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *ḱh₂d-.


sente-

Ugric:

>? Hungarian: ellik

Koivulehto proposed that the word is an old loan from Proto-Iranian *zan- (“to beget”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-, but Aikio rejects the etymology on morphological, phonological and distribution grounds.


salkɜ-

Hungarian: áll


woča

Proto-Samoyedic: *wåc (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *ūš

Northern Mansi: ӯс (ūs)

Proto-Khanty: *wāč (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *oš

Erzya: ош (oš)

Moksha: ош (oš)

Proto-Samic: *oacē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: >? *ota, ⇒ *otava (see there for further descendants)


ńolke

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyál

Proto-Mordvinic: *nolgə

Erzya: нолго (nolgo)

Moksha: нолга (nolga)

Proto-Samic: *(s)nuolkë

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: snoelke

Ume Sami: snuallˈga

Pite Sami: snuolˈka

Lule Sami: snuolgga

Northern Sami: snuolga

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: snuolˈgâ

Skolt Sami: njuõlgg

Proto-Finnic: *nolki (see there for further descendants)


kupsa-

Proto-Samoyedic:

Nganasan: [script needed] (kabtu-)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (χaptā-)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (k͔apta-)

Southern Selkup:

Tym: [script needed] (kåpta-)

Ket: [script needed] (k͔apta-)

Kamassian: [script needed] (kuʔbdo-)

Koibal: кубдремъ

Koibal: кубдремъ

Mator: каптатъ

Mator: каптатъ

Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (kăwla-)

Proto-Permic: *kusni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kopsētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *kustudak (see there for further descendants)


ëde

Proto-Samoyedic: *ërö (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *āl

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (al) (Vakh-Vasjugan)

Proto-Permic: *wo (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *vooci (see there for further descendants)


lënte

Proto-Samoyedic: *lïntǝ

Nganasan: [script needed] (li̮ntǝ)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: луд (lud)

Komi-Zyrian: луд (lud)

Udmurt: луд (lud)

Mari:

Western Mari: ландака (landaka)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *lanďəms (“to squat down”)

>? Erzya: ландямс (lanďams)

Proto-Finnic: *lanci (see there for further descendants)


wetä-

Ugric:

Hungarian: vezet

Mari:

Eastern Mari: вӱдаш (vüdaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *veťəms~*viťəms

Erzya: ветямс (veťams)

Moksha: вятемс (väťems)

Proto-Finnic: *vetädäk (see there for further descendants)

According to Koivulehto, possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ-.


penä

Proto-Permic: *pön (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: пий (pij)

Western Mari: пи (pi)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pińə

Erzya: пине (pińe)

Moksha: пине (pińe)

⇒ Proto-Samic: *peanëk (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *peni (see there for further descendants)


wolka

Proto-Samoyedic: *wajk

Selkup:

⇒ Northern Selkup: ӄэӄпөры (qeqpåry)

⇒ Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄватпа́р

Upper Ob: куакта

Ugric:

Hungarian: váll

Proto-Samic: *oalkē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *olka (see there for further descendants)


lämä

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: лӧм (löm)

Komi-Zyrian: лӧм (löm)

Udmurt: лом (lom)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: лӱмӧ (lümö)

Western Mari: лим (ĺim)

Proto-Finnic: *lemə~*lämə

Erzya: лем (ľem)

Proto-Finnic: *loomi (see there for further descendants)


kakteksa

Proto-Mordvinic: *kavksə

Erzya: кавксо (kavkso)

Moksha: кафкса (kafksa)

Proto-Finnic: *kaktëksa (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kākcē (or borrowed from Finnic) (see there for further descendants)

From *kakta (“two”) with a suffix (shared with *ükteksä (“nine”)) of unknown derivation and origin. There are two main theories regarding the suffix, both of which must be rejected due to various problems:
* that the suffix *-eksa represents a combination of *e- (negative verb), *-k- (reflexive affix) and *-sa(n), *-se(n) (third-person possessive suffix) (and possibly a *-n (dual ending) in *kakteksan, but not in *ükteksä), thus originally meaning "is not there", "is non-existent", with the implication being that one or two is missing from ten, hence 10 - 2 and 10 - 1. The comparison is often made with reflexive forms of the form -kse found in Finnic, but even there only in some languages. The narrow distribution makes it unlikely that such a reflexive structure would have existed and been used in numerals all the way back at the Finno-Mordvinic stage.
* that the suffix is originally of the form *teksa and represents a borrowing from (a descendant of) Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥ (“ten”). This etymology is phonologically dubious, the *-t- is probably rather part of *kakta, and it is unlikely that an old compound "two-ten", would have come to mean "eight", not "twenty" (or even "twelve"). In addition, this theory suffers from chronological issues, as the vowel *-e- implies a significantly earlier date of borrowing than the consonantism of *-ks-. In any case, any supposed *teksa would only be attested through this suffix and nowhere else; it pays a superficial similarity to Hungarian tíz, Komi-Zyrian дас (das) and Udmurt дас (das), but these are simply separate borrowings from Iranian.
As morphologically complex numerals in descendant languages are subject to reduction (e.g. Skolt Sami õtmlo (“eleven”), from *ëktë-mumpē-n-lokā-sën, where all of the latter morphemes were reduced to simply -mlo), it seems likely that the suffix is itself reduced from an earlier form, which can possibly never be conclusively reconstructed.
Furthermore, the Finno-Volgaic numeral has been sometimes compared with Eastern Mari кандаше (kandaše) (and *ükteksä respectively with индеше (indeše)), but the Mari suffix appears to reflect an earlier form *-ndVŋs(k)ə-, which would have been formed in parallel from *kakta rather than the Finno-Mordvinic and Mari forms going back to a common proto-form. Forming the numerals for eight and nine by using the numerals for two and one respectively in a subtractive fashion appears to have been a wider West Uralic phenomenon, as such derivatives are also found in the Permic languages (e.g. Komi-Zyrian кӧкъямыс (kökjamys, “eight”) from кык (kyk, “two”)).


śäčä

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *säč

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (seč)

Proto-Samic: *čācē (see there for further descendants)


śäśnä

Proto-Permic: *śiź (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шиште (šište)

Western Mari: шишты (šišty)

Proto-Samic: *čāšnē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *hähnä (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from a substrate language.


mëtka

Samoyedic:

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: мыты (myty)

Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: мугәт (mugət)

Proto-Samic: *muotkē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *matka (see there for further descendants)


täktä

Ugric:

Hungarian: tetem

Proto-Samic: *tāktē (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *täkteh (see there for further descendants)


täje

⇒ Proto-Ugric: *täjəktəm

Hungarian: tetű

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: тевтәм (tjewtəm)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: та̄кум (tākum)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: той (toj)

Komi-Yazva: тӱй (tüj)

Komi-Zyrian: той (toj)

Udmurt: тэй (tej)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: тий (tij)

Western Mari: ти (ti)

Proto-Finnic: *täi (see there for further descendants)


wuďe

Ugric:

Hungarian: új

Proto-Permic: *vu̇ľ (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: у (u)

Proto-Mordvinic: *od

Erzya: од (od)

Moksha: од (od)

Proto-Samic: *oδës (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *uuci (see there for further descendants)


käsä

Proto-Samoyedic: *kätaŋ

Kamassian: [script needed] (k͔adaŋ)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Ket: [script needed] (qāttaŋ)

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *kelǟ

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (kelə)

Proto-Mansi: *kǟťǝľ

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (köäťľ)

Proto-Samic: *kāsō (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kasi (see there for further descendants)


śänä

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *sǟṇǝɣ

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (säṇǝɣ)

Proto-Mansi: *šīnǝɣ

Northern Mansi: сэ̄ныг (sè̄nyg) (Sosva)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (šēni)

Proto-Permic:

Udmurt: сеньки (śeńki)

Proto-Mari: *šin (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *čānā (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *seeni (see there for further descendants)


läme

Proto-Samoyedic: *jämVjə

Nganasan: [script needed] (d́eməə)

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (jewejᵊ)

Ugric:

Hungarian: lé

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (löäm)

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (lām)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (lǟm)

Proto-Permic:

Udmurt: лым (lym)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: лем (ĺem)

Western Mari: лем (ĺem)

Proto-Mordvinic: *läm

Erzya: лем (ľem)

Moksha: лям (ľam)

Proto-Samic: *liemë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *leemi (see there for further descendants)


täštä

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: тиште (tište)

Western Mari: тиштӹ (tištÿ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ťäšťə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *tāstē, *tāsnē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *tähti (see there for further descendants)

Unknown. Possibly borrowed from a substrate language (the Pre-West Uralic agricultural substrate).


wešnä

Proto-Mari: *wistə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *višə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *vehnä (see there for further descendants)

Probably borrowed from a substrate language (the Pre-West Uralic agricultural substrate).


ńëre

Proto-Samoyedic: *ńer

Proto-Selkup: *ńir (see there for further descendants)

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (ńer)

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyirkos

Proto-Permic: *ńur

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: нюр (ńur)

Udmurt: нюр (ńur)

Proto-Mari: *nürə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *nar

Erzya: нар (nar)

Moksha: нар (nar)

Proto-Samic: *ńuorë

Western Samic:

Ume Sami: njuaras

Pite Sami: njuorrat / [Term?] (ńûraṭėt)

Lule Sami: njuoras

Northern Sami: njuoras / njuorrat

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: njuorâs / njuorrâđ

Skolt Sami: njuõrâs / njuõrrâd

Proto-Finnic: *noori (see there for further descendants)


šappa

Proto-Mari: *šåpə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *šapamə

Erzya: чапамо (čapamo)

Moksha: шапама (šapama)

Proto-Finnic: *hap'oin (see there for further descendants)


śopa

Proto-Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *šup

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sup)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (šop)

Proto-Finnic: *sopa (see there for further descendants)


äjjä

Proto-Permic: *ajᴕ

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: ай (aj)

Komi-Zyrian: ай (aj)

Old Komi: 𐍐𐍙 (aj)

Udmurt: айы (ajy)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *ojə (“friend”)

>? Erzya: оя (oja)

Moksha: [script needed] (ojä)

Proto-Samic: *ājjē, *ājjā (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *äijä (see there for further descendants)


śonta

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шондо (šondo)

Western Mari: шандӹ (šandÿ)

Proto-Finnic: *sonta (see there for further descendants)


urɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: úr

desctree

Proto-Finnic: *uros
Finnish: uros
Karelian: uroš
⇒ Ingrian: urohoin, urroisa
Livvi: uros
⇒ Ludian: uroi
Veps: uros

Proto-Samic: *orēs
Western Samic:
Southern Sami: urries
Ume Sami: årˈries
Pite Sami: åres
Lule Sami: åres
Northern Sami: varris (why va?)
Eastern Samic:
Inari Sami: ores
Skolt Sami: ååʹres
Kildin Sami: оаресь (årjes’)


ajŋe

Ugric:

Hungarian: agy

Proto-Mordvinic: *uj

Moksha: уй (uj)

desc

Proto-Samic: *vuojŋëmē-, *vuojŋëš-, *vuojvëšnē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *aivo (see there for further descendants)


äne

Ugric:

Hungarian: ének

Proto-Samic: *jienë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *ääni (see there for further descendants)


sorme

Proto-Mordvinic: *sur

Erzya: сур (sur)

Moksha: сур (sur)

Proto-Samic: *suormë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sormi (see there for further descendants)


śawe

Proto-Ugric:

Proto-Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (săγi̮)

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (sŏwĭ)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (săwə)

Proto-Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (śuĺ)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (sowĺ, soĺ)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (sōĺ)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: сюн (śun)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шун (šun)

Western Mari: шун (šun)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śovəń

Erzya: сёвонь (śovoń)

Moksha: сёвонь (śovoń)

Proto-Finnic: *savi (see there for further descendants)


śepä

Proto-Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *sǟpəl

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (säwəl)

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (säpəl)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (säpət)

Proto-Mansi: *šip

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (šip)

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sip)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (ši̮p)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: сьылі (śyli)

Udmurt: силь (śiľ)

Proto-Mari: *šü (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śivə

Erzya: сиве (śive)

Moksha: сиве (śive)

Proto-Samic: *čeapēttē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sepä (see there for further descendants)


ńëčke

Proto-Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *ńi̮čāk / *ńĭčǟk

ńăsaχ, ńăšaχ

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (ńăsaχ, ńăšaχ)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: ночко (nočko)

Western Mari: начкы (načky)

Proto-Mordvinic: *načkə

Erzya: начко (načko)

Moksha: начка (načka)

Proto-Samic: *ńuockës (see there for further descendants)


kälä-

Ugric:

Hungarian: kel

Proto-Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ква̄луӈкве (kwāluňkwe) (Sosva)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (kwāl-)

Proto-Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: киԯта (kiłta) (Surgut), [script needed] (kül-)

Northern Khanty: киԯты (kiłty) (Kazym)

Proto-Permic: *kɛlni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: келаш (kelaš)

Western Mari: [script needed] (kelä-)

Proto-Mordvinic: *käľəms

Erzya: келямс (keľams)

Moksha: кялемс (käľems)

Proto-Samic: *kālētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *koolëk (see there for further descendants)


ekä

Proto-Samoyedic: *jekä

Forest Enets: дисы

Proto-Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *jiɣ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mansi: *jäɣ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *eakē (see there for further descendants)


čikere

Ugric:

Old Hungarian: ſyher

Hungarian: sír

Proto-Mari: *šüɣer (see there for further descendants)


mälke

Ugric:

Hungarian: mell

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ма̄гыл (māgyl)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (møul)

Eastern Mansi: мавлын (mawlyn)

Proto-Permic:

Udmurt: мыл (myl)

Proto-Mari: *mel

Eastern Mari: мел (mel)

Western Mari: мел (mel)

Proto-Mordvinic: *mäľkə

Erzya: мельке (meľke, “brisket”), мелькть (meľkť, “lungs”)

Moksha: [script needed] (ḿäĺʿḱä)

Proto-Samic: *mielkë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *mälvi (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared with Proto-Yukaghir *mel-.


kutke

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: -кот (-kot)

Proto-Mari: *kŭtkə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kotkə-

Erzya: коткудав (kotkudav)

Moksha: [script needed] (kotkə̑dav)

Proto-Samic: *kotkë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kutki (see there for further descendants)


tüŋe

Ugric:

Hungarian: tő

Proto-Mari: *tü̆ŋ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ťej-

Erzya: те- (ťe-) in тень (ťeń), тенек (ťeńek), теть (ťeť), тенк (ťenk)

Moksha: те- (ťe-)

Proto-Finnic: *tüvi (see there for further descendants)


soŋkɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: agg

Proto-Mari: *šoŋgə (see there for further descendants)


moĺɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: meggy

Mari:

Eastern Mari: модо (modo)

Western Mari: муды (mudy)

Proto-Permic: *moľi

Komi-Zyrian: моль (moľ)

Udmurt: мульы (muľy)


wolnɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: ón

Proto-Mari: *wŭlnə (see there for further descendants)


ćolme

Ugric:

Hungarian: csomó

Proto-Mordvinic: *śulmə

Erzya: сюлмо (śulmo)

Moksha: сюлма (śulma)

Proto-Samic: *čuolmë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *solmi (see there for further descendants)


mińi

Ugric:

Hungarian: menny

⇒ Proto-Mordvinic: *meńəľ (see there for further descendants)


lońća

Ugric:

Hungarian: lágy

Northern Mansi: лоньсиӈ (lonʹsiň) (Sosva)

Proto-Samic: *loańčē (see there for further descendants)


lᴕńćɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: légy

Proto-Permic:

Komi-Zyrian: лӧдз (lödź)

Udmurt: лузь (luź)


wiŋe

Ugric:

Hungarian: vég

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *viimä- (see there for further descendants)


śala

Ugric:

Hungarian: szil

Proto-Mordvinic: *śäľəj

Erzya: селей (śeľej)

Moksha: сяли (śaľi)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шоло (šolo)

Western Mari: шол (šol)

>? Proto-Finnic: *salaga (see there for further descendants)


kodwa

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *kāl-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (kal)

Proto-Mansi: *kūl-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (χūl-)

Hungarian: hál

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: [script needed] (-ков)

Udmurt: кӧлыны (kölyny)

Proto-Samic: *koatvē:

Western:

Lule Sami: [Term?] (kårʿfuj)

Eastern:

Inari Sami: kuáđfi

Proto-Finnic: *kotva (see there for further descendants)


lüpsä

Proto-Mordvinic: *lovsə

Erzya: ловсо (lovso)

Moksha: лофца (lofca)

Proto-Finnic: *lüpsädäk (see there for further descendants)


worka-

Ugric:

Hungarian: varr

Proto-Permic: *vurni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *ŭrge- (see there for further descendants)


küńä

Ugric:

Hungarian: könyök

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: коныло̄выл (konylōwyl)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: кынер (kyńer)

Western Mari: кӹнер (kÿńer)

Proto-Mordvinic: *keńəŕə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kërńēlē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *küünärä (see there for further descendants)


pälkä

Proto-Samoyedic:

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: пикця (pyikcya)

Proto-Permic: *pɔ̈l (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *päľkə

Erzya: пелька (peľka)

Moksha: пяльхкя (päľhkä)

Proto-Samic: *pealkē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *peikälo (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared with Indo-European words (i.e. Latin pollex, Proto-Slavic *palьcь).


kütɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: köz

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: котиль (kotilʹ)


kütke-

Ugric:

Hungarian: köt

Proto-Permic: *ku̇tkini (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kütkedäk (see there for further descendants)


jelkä

Ugric:

Hungarian: jel

Proto-Finnic: *jälki (see there for further descendants)


ćona

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *šun

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (šon) (Tavda)

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (sŏn) (Middle Konda), [script needed] (sŭn) (Upper Konda)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (šun) (North Vagilsk, South Vagilsk, Lower Lozva)

Northern Mansi: сун (sun) (Upper Lozva, Sosva)

Proto-Samic: *čoanē (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Samoyedic: *sån

Nganasan: соӈ (soŋ, “race, strap (in a reindeer harness)”)


mᴕ̈ŋkɜ

Ugric:

Mansi: меӈкв

Proto-Permic: *mɔk-

Komi-Zyrian: мокасьт (mokaśt)

Udmurt: моко (moko)

some sort of forest monster, devil, bigfoot


nojta

Proto-Permic: *nɔ̇d (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *noajtē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *noita (see there for further descendants)


wanča-

Proto-Samoyedic:

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (ke̮ntal-)

Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (uṇč-)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: унсуӈкве (unsuňkwe, “to cross a river”) (Sosva)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (onš-)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: вуджны (vudžny)

Komi-Zyrian: вуджны (vudžny)

Udmurt: выжыны (vyžyny)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: вончаш (vončaš)

Western Mari: ванжак (vanžak)

Proto-Samic: *vāncētēk (see there for further descendants)


ńaŋkće

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *ńī̮kćɜm

Northern Mansi: ня̄хсям (nâ̄hsâm)

Proto-Khanty: *ńakćǝm

Northern Khanty: њохщəм (njohsjəm) (Kazym), нехсюм (njehsjum) (Middle Ob)

Permic:

Komi-Zyrian: нёкчим (ńokćim)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: ношмо (nošmo)

Western Mari: нашмы (našmy)

Proto-Samic: *ńuokčëm (see there for further descendants)


kolmamte

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: коймӧд (kojmöd)

Udmurt: куиньмети (kuińmeťi)

Proto-Samic: *koalmāmtë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kolmanci (see there for further descendants)

*kolme + *-mte. The *-a- is required by the descendants (e.g. *kolmemte would have resulted in Proto-Samic **kuolmëmtë).


śeppä

Proto-Finnic: *seppä (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *čeappē (see there for further descendants)

Hungarian: szép


tarttɜ-

desctree

>? Proto-Finnic: *tarttudak
>? Estonian: tarduma/tarduda
Finnish: tarttua
Ingrian: tarttua
Karelian:
North Karelian: tarttuo
South Karelian: tarttuo
Livvi: tarttuo
Ludian: tartuda
Veps: tartuda
Votic: tarttua

Hungarian: tart


kämä

Proto-Permic: *kɔ̇m (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: кем (kem)

Western Mari: кем (kem)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kämə

Erzya: кем (kem)

Moksha: кяме (käme)

Proto-Samic: ⇒ *kāmëk (see there for further descendants)


kačka-

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *kūš-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (χūs-)

Proto-Khanty: *kī̮č-

desc

Eastern Khanty: ӄытҷа (ḳytč̣a) (Vakh), ӄыԏта (ḳytjta) (Vasyugan)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: кочкаш (kočkaš)

Western Mari: качкаш (kačkaš)

Proto-Samic: *kāckētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *kackëra, *kacku (see there for further descendants)


čača-

Proto-Samoyedic: *caci

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Ket: [script needed] (čāči)

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *šū(n)š-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sūs-), [script needed] (sūns-)

Proto-Khanty *čī̮čī̮m

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (či̮či̮m)

Proto-Permic: *čužni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шочаш (šočaš)

Western Mari: шачаш (šačaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *čačəms

Erzya: чачомс (čačoms)

Moksha: шачемс (šačems)

Proto-Finnic: *satadak (see there for further descendants)


tërka

Ugric:

Hungarian: daru

Proto-Mansi *tī̮rǝɣ

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tāri̮ɣ)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (tē̮ri̮ɣ)

Proto-Khanty *tārǝɣ

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (tarǝɣ)

Proto-Permic: *turig (see there for further descendants)


wëlka-

Ugric:

Hungarian: válik

Proto-Mansi *wī̮ɣl-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (wāɣl-)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (wa͕jl-)

Proto-Khanty *wāɣǝl- ~ *wī̮ɣǝl-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (waɣǝl-), [script needed] (wi̮ɣǝl-)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: волаш (volaš)

Western Mari: валаш (valaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *valgəms

Erzya: валгомс (valgoms)

Moksha: валгомс (valgoms)

Proto-Samic: *vuolkētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *valkama (see there for further descendants)


śëlkaw

Ugric:

Hungarian: szálfa

Proto-Mansi *sī̮ɣlā

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sāɣla)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (sa͕jla)

Proto-Khanty *sāɣǝl

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (saɣǝl)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: сюл (śul)

Udmurt: сюл (śul)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śalgə

Erzya: сялго (śalgo)

Moksha: сялга (śalga)

Proto-Samic: *čuolkōj (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *salko (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰalgʰ- (whence Lithuanian žalgà, Old Armenian ձաղկ (jałk), Proto-Germanic *galgô).


appa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *åpər-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (ŋabər-)

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *ūpǝ-

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (ūp-)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (wūp-)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: уваш (uvaš)

Proto-Samic: *vuoppōtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *appadak (see there for further descendants)


woča-

Proto-Mari: *wŭče-

Eastern Mari: вучаш (vučaš)

Western Mari: вычаш (vyčaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *učəms

Erzya: учомс (učoms)

Moksha: учемс (učems)

Proto-Samic: *oacōttētēk

Proto-Finnic: *odottadak (see there for further descendants)

Possibly from *woča (“fence”) with semantic development "to protect" > "to guard, to keep an eye on" > "to wait".


mašta-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: мошташ (moštaš)

Western Mari: мышташ (myštaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *maštəms

Erzya: маштомс (maštoms, “to be able; to kill”)

Moksha: маштомс (maštoms)

Proto-Finnic: *mahtadak (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Samic: *māttētēk


kamte

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: куд (kud)

Udmurt: куды (kudy)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: комдыш (komdyš)

Western Mari: комдыш (komdyš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kundə

Erzya: кундо (kundo)

Moksha: [script needed] (kunda)

Proto-Samic: *koamtē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kanci (see there for further descendants)


käwde

Proto-Samoyedic: *kürə-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (syurᵒq)

Nganasan: кирими (kirimi)

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *kʷǟləγ

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (kɔ̈̄ləj)

Northern Mansi: ква̄лыг (kwālyg) (Sosva)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (kʷäləw)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (kʷaləγ)

Proto-Khanty *köləγ

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (keᴧ)

Proto-Permic: *kɔ̇l (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kievδë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *keüci (see there for further descendants)


wale-

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *walt-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (wȯlt-)

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (wålt-)

Proto-Khanty *wi̮lt-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (wălt-)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: вӧлавны (völavny)

Udmurt: вӧльыны (vöľyny)

Proto-Samic: *oalōtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *vooldak (see there for further descendants)


pučke

Proto-Samoyedic: *pucə

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: путы (puty)

Southern Selkup:

Ket: пучча (pučča)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: пуд (pūd)

Proto-Mari: *pŭč

Eastern Mari: пуч (puč)

Western Mari: пыч (pyč)

Proto-Mordvinic: *počkə

Erzya: почко (počko)

Moksha: почка (počka)

Proto-Samic: *pockë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pucki (see there for further descendants)


śälä-

Proto-Samoyedic: *sälä

Nganasan: [script needed] (śeli̮)

Ugric:

Hungarian: szel

Proto-Mansi *šilt-

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (šǝlt-)

Northern Mansi: сылталаӈкве (syltalaňkwe, “to cut/rip open”)

Proto-Khanty *sǖl-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (sül-)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шелаш (šelaš)

Western Mari: шелаш (šelaš)

Proto-Samic: *čālētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *sälidäk (see there for further descendants)


wajŋe

Proto-Samoyedic: *wajŋ

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: Northern Selkup: [script needed] (ke̮ji)

Proto-Samoyedic: *wajŋtut

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (jīntǝʔ)

Proto-Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: гвэй

Nganasan: бачуˮ (bačuʔ)

Ugric:

Hungarian: vágy

Proto-Samic: *vuojŋë, *vuojŋëtēk, *vuojŋēs (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *vajmə

Erzya: ойме (ojme)

Moksha: вайме (vajme)

Proto-Finnic: *vaimo (see there for further descendants)


talwa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *tåjwå- ~ *tåjwǝ̑-

Nganasan: [script needed] (tojbusa)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (tæwᵊ-)

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *tūl-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tūl-)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (tōl-)

Proto-Samic: *toalvōtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *taludak (see there for further descendants)


käjä

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *käj

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (kij, käj)

Proto-Khanty *käj

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (kej)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: [script needed] (ke̮j)

Udmurt: кей (kej)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: кие (kije)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kij

Erzya: ки (ki)

Moksha: ки (ki)

Proto-Finnic: *koi (see there for further descendants)


pośe

Ugric:

Hungarian: fasz

Proto-Samic: *puočë (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pásas.


lešmä

Proto-Mordvinic: *lišmə (“horse”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *lehmä (“cow”) (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from a substrate language (the Pre-West Uralic agricultural substrate).


wala-

Proto-Mordvinic: *valəms

Erzya: валомс (valoms)

Moksha: валомс (valoms)

Proto-Finnic: *valadak (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: велаш (velaš)

Western Mari: вилӓш (viläš)


jäje

Proto-Samoyedic: *ji

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: чӱ (ćü)

Nganasan: ӈиәде (ŋiədje)

Enets:

Tundra Enets: ней

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ни (nyi)

Forest Nenets: ни (nyi)

Kamassian: джии (ʒ́ii)

Mator: ни (ni)

Proto-Permic: *jȯ (see there for further descendants)


jaŋša-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: йоҥыжаш (joŋyžaš)

Western Mari: янгышташ (jangyštaš)

Proto-Finnic: *jauhadak (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *jaža-

Erzya: яжамс (jažams)

Moksha: яжамс (jažams)


kuśɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: húsz

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: хус (hus)

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: хөс (høs)

Eastern Khanty: ӄөс (ḳøs)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *koməś

>? Erzya: комсь (komś)

>? Moksha: комсь (komś)

Proto-Permic: *ku̇ź (see there for further descendants)


ońća

Ugric:

Hungarian: ágyék

Proto-Mansi *ūńć

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (ūńś)

Proto-Mari: *užaš

Eastern Mari: ужаш (užaš)

Proto-Samic: *oańčē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *osa (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hánćas.


melä

>? Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: маль (maľ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *miľə

Erzya: миле (miľe)

Moksha: миле (miľe)

Proto-Samic: *mealē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *mëla (see there for further descendants)


weneš

Proto-Mordvinic: *veńəš

Erzya: венч (venč)

Moksha: венеж (veńež)

Proto-Samic: *vënës (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *veneh (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from early Proto-Indo-Iranian *wen- (whence Sanskrit वन् (van, “tree, wood, wooden vessel”)), although this is uncertain due to issues.


oŋke

Proto-Mari: *oŋgə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *vuoŋkë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *onki (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from some Indo-European language, probably from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hánkas (whence Sanskrit अङ्क (aṅka)).


säksä

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Udmurt: [script needed] (ses)

Proto-Mordvinic: *säksə

Erzya: сэкс (seks)

Proto-Samic: *sāksē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *saksi (see there for further descendants)


jäŋkä

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *jäŋk

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (jöŋk)

Proto-Mansi: *jǟŋk

Central Mansi: [script needed] (jöäŋk)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: егыр (jegyr)

Proto-Samic: *jeaŋkē (see there for further descendants)


ärä-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *ärǝlt-

desc

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (erǝlt-)

Proto-Mansi: *ǟrǟt-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (ārat-)

Central Mansi: [script needed] (öärt-)

Proto-Samic: *ārētēk (see there for further descendants)


čëppa-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *čɔ̄p

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (čɔw)

Proto-Mansi: *šup

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sup)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (šup)

Proto-Permic: *čup-

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: тшупны (čupny)

Udmurt: ӵупыны (čupyny)

Proto-Mordvinic: *čapəms

Erzya: чапомс (čapoms)

Moksha: шапомс (šapoms)

Proto-Samic: *cāppētēk (see there for further descendants)


jämä-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: йымаш (jymaš)

Western Mari: йӹмаш (jÿmaš)

Proto-Samic: *jāmētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *jämedä ~ *jämäkkä (see there for further descendants)


wide-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *wäl-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (wel-)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (wet-)

Proto-Mansi: *äl-

Northern Mansi: алуӈкве (aluňkwe)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (äl-)

Hungarian: öl

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: вины (viny)

Komi-Zyrian: вины (viny)

Udmurt: виыны (viyny)

Proto-Samic: *vëδōtēk (see there for further descendants)


läśä-

Proto-Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (jeśe-)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (če̮si̮-)

Proto-Samic: *lāčētēk (see there for further descendants)


watka-

Proto-Samoyedic: *wåt-

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (waʔ-).

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: вокташ (voktaš)

Western Mari: вакташ (vaktaš)

Proto-Mordvinic:

Erzya: ваткамс (vatkams)

Moksha: ваткамс (vatkams)

Proto-Samic: *vuotkētēk (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Finnic: *vatkudak (see there for further descendants)


tëkte

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *tāɣtāŋ

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (tăɣtaŋ)

Proto-Mansi: *tī̮kt

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tāχt)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (te̮χt)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: [script needed] (tokti̮)

Proto-Mari: *toktə

Eastern Mari: токта- (tokta-) (in compound: токталудо (toktaludo))

Proto-Samic: ⇒ *toktëk (see there for further descendants)


čučke

>? Proto-Samoyedic: *cocə (irregular; **cucə would be expected)

Selkup *čōčǝ:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (toti̮)

Southern Selkup:

Tym: [script needed] (čōǯ)

Ket: [script needed] (čōǯǝ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *čočkə

Erzya: чочко (čočko)

Moksha: шочка (šočka)

Proto-Samic: *čockë (see there for further descendants)


pakta-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: покташ (poktaš)

Western Mari: покташ (poktaš)

Proto-Samic: *puoktētēk (see there for further descendants)


čäkä-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: чияш (čijaš)

Western Mari: чиам (čiam)

Proto-Samic: *cākētēk (see there for further descendants)


panča-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *pūṇč-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (puṇč-)

Proto-Mansi: *pūnš-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (pūns-)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (pōnš-)

Proto-Permic: *pŭǯ-

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: [script needed] (pudžni̮)

Udmurt: пужалтыны (pužaltyny)

Proto-Mari: *påča-

Eastern Mari: почаш (počaš)

Western Mari: пачаш (pačaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *panžə-

Erzya: панжомс (panžoms)

Moksha: панжемс (panžems)

Proto-Samic: ⇒ *puoncōs (see there for further descendants)


pätäre-

Ugric

Proto-Mansi: *pǟtǝr-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (pātǝr-)

Central Mansi: [script needed] (pöätr-)

Proto-Samic: *pātërëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Aryan *patar-, whence Sanskrit पतर (patará), पतरु (patáru, “flying, shooting through the air”).


kaća-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kåso (“sacrifice, payment, gift”)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (χaso)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (qossi̮)

Ugric

Hungarian: haszon

Proto-Permic: *kuǯiŋ (“gift, dowry”)

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: козин (koźin)

Komi-Zyrian: козин (koźin)

Udmurt: кузьым (kuźym)

→ Proto-Mari: *kucǝk (“dowry”)

Eastern Mari: кузык (kuzyk)

Western Mari:

Proto-Mordvinic: *kaźə-

Erzya: каземс (kaźems)

Moksha: каземс (kaźems)


sënte-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шӱдаш (šüdaš)

Western Mari: шӱдаш (šüdaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *sańďǝ-

Erzya: сандямс (sanďams)

Moksha: сандемс (sanďems)

Proto-Samic: *suontëtēk (see there for further descendants)


lëkśe-

Proto-Mari: *lokšǝnca-

Eastern Mari: локшинчаш (lokšinčaš)

Western Mari: локсынзаш (loksynzaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *lakśə-

Erzya: лаксемс (lakśems)

Moksha: лаксемс (lakśems)

Proto-Samic: *luokčëtēk (see there for further descendants)


ponče

Proto-Samoyedic: *påncǝ

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (panǝ)

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *pač

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (poč)

Proto-Mansi: *pānš

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (pōnš)

Hungarian: far

Proto-Permic: *bȯž (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *påč (see there for further descendants)


soske-

Proto-Samoyedic: *tutu-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *ʟaɣǝl-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (logəl-)

Proto-Mansi: *taɣt-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tawt-)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: [script needed] (sësky-)

Udmurt: сиськыны (śiśkyny)

Proto-Mordvinic: *suskǝ-

Erzya: сускомс (suskoms)

Moksha: сускомс (suskoms)

Proto-Samic: *suoskëtēk (see there for further descendants)


totke

Proto-Samoyedic: *tutu

Selkup:

Ugric

Proto-Mansi: *takt

q

in compound: <small>[script needed]</small> (taχt-kōl)

Southern Mansi: taχt- (in compound: [script needed] (taχt-kōl))

Hungarian: (dialectal) tat- (in compound: tathal)

Proto-Mari: *tåtə

Eastern Mari: тото (toto)

Western Mari: [script needed] (tatə̑)

Proto-Mordvinic: *tutkə

Erzya: тутко (tutko)

Moksha: тутка (tutka)

Proto-Finnic: *totki (see there for further descendants)


towle

Ugric

Proto-Mansi: *tul

desc

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (tol, “cloud”)

Proto-Permic: *tȯl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *tul

Western Mari: [script needed] (tul, “storm”)

Proto-Finnic: *tuuli (see there for further descendants)


koppe-

Proto-Mari: *kŭpe-

Eastern Mari: купаш (kupaš)

Western Mari: кыпаш (kypaš)

Proto-Samic: *kuoppëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *kop'ëk (see there for further descendants)


itä-

Proto-Samoyedic: *ətə-

Nganasan: [script needed] (ŋǝtǝďa)

Proto-Selkup: *atə-

Southern Selkup:

Tym: [script needed] (ata)

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *ät-

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (εt-)

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (et-)

Proto-Finnic: *itädäk, *itä (see there for further descendants)


pese-

Proto-Mordvinic:

Erzya: пезэмс (pezems)

Moksha: пезомс (pezoms)

Proto-Samic: *pësëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pestäk (see there for further descendants)

Possibly an old loanword from Proto-Indo-European *bʰes- (“to rub”).


okse-

Proto-Permic: *wu̇sk-

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: восны (vosny)

Komi-Zyrian:

Udmurt: ӧскыны (öskyny)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: укшинчаш (ukšinčaš)

Western Mari: уксынзаш (uksynzaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *uksǝndǝ-

Erzya: уксномс (uksnoms)

Moksha: уксондомс (uksondoms)

Proto-Samic: *vuoksëntëtēk, *vuoksētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *oksëntadak (see there for further descendants)


pëkka-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *pākǝn-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (pakǝn-, paɣǝn-)

Hungarian: fakad

Proto-Finnic: *pak'ahtadak (see there for further descendants)


śojma

Proto-Samoyedic: *såjmå

Nganasan: [script needed] (sojmü)

Proto-Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (sümi̮)

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *sī̮mǝl-

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (sĭmǝʟ-)

Proto-Mansi: *sumǝl-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sumǝl-)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (suml-)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *soimat'ak (see there for further descendants)


śoma-

Ugric

Hungarian: szomjú, szomjas, szomorú

Proto-Permic: *śu̇mal-

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: [script needed] (śumav-)

Udmurt: сюмэм (śumem)

Proto-Mari: *šŭm-

Eastern Mari: шумаш (šumaš)

Western Mari: [script needed] (šǝ̑ma-)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śumǝrdǝ-

Erzya: [script needed] (śumordoms)

Moksha: [script needed] (śumǝrdǝms)

Borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?] (whence Sanskrit शाम्यति (śāmyati, “to become tired”)).


kixe-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty:

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (koj-)

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (köj-)

Proto-Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (kaj-)

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (kij-)

Hungarian: kéj

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: [script needed] (koj-)

Proto-Samic: *kikëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *kiima (see there for further descendants)


makša

Proto-Mordvinic:

Erzya: макшо (makšo)

Moksha:

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *mahi (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: мекш (mekš)

Western Mari: мӓкш (mäkš)


sälä-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *ʟäl-

desc

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (lel-, jel-)

Proto-Mansi: *tǟl-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tāl-)

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (töäl-)

Hungarian: (archaic) ellik (“to mount a horse”)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: сӧвны (sövny)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *sälüttädäk (see there for further descendants)


tarke-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *ti̮rǝɣ- ~ *tārǝɣ-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (tărǝɣ-)

Eastern Khanty: (Surgut) [script needed] (tårǝɣ-)

Proto-Mansi: *tārǝɣ-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tɔ̄rɣ-)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (tark-)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: туравны (turavny)

Proto-Samic: ⇒ *toarkēstētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *tarkëdak (see there for further descendants)


tälćɜ-

Proto-Permic: *tɔ̇lᴕ̈ć (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *tĭləćə (see there for further descendants)