tora

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тароць (tarocʹ°)

Ugric

Hungarian: dorgál

Mordvinic

Erzya: тюремс (ťuŕems)

Proto-Samic: *toarō, *toarōtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *tora (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *torudak

Finnish: torua

Probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰāráya-.


e-

Proto-Permic: *ɔ- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *e-, *i-, *a-

Erzya: эзь (eź), иля (iľa), а (a), апак (apak)

Moksha: изь (iź), тят (ťat), аф (af), аш (aš), апак (apak)

Proto-Samic: *i-

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: ij

Ume Sami: ij

Pite Sami: ij

Lule Sami: ij

Northern Sami: ii

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: ij

Skolt Sami: ij

Akkala Sami: ий (ij)

Proto-Finnic: *e- (see there for further descendants)

table
Sometimes compared to Proto-Yukaghir *əl-, Proto-Mongolic *ese and Proto-Tungusic *e-.


kale-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kåə-

Enets: kaja

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: ха (χā)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: ӄуӄа (quqa)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ку́гу

Upper Ob: куугу

Ugric:

Hungarian: hal

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: колта (kolta)

Mansi

Northern Mansi: хо̄луӈкве (hōluňkwe)

Proto-Permic: *kulni (see there for further descendants)

Mari

Eastern Mari: колаш (kolaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kuləms (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Samic: *koalōtēk (“to freeze”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kooldak (see there for further descendants)


uje-

Proto-Samoyedic: *u-

Nenets:

desc

Tundra Nenets: ӈусь (ŋusʹ°), ӈохолась (ŋoxolasʹ°)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: уу (uu)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: у́ргу

Upper Ob: уургу

Ugric:

Hungarian: úszik

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: уйгалаӈкве (ujgalaňkwe)

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: вөщты (wøsjty)

Proto-Permic: *ujni (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: ияш (ijaš)

Western Mari: илӓш (iläš)

desctree

Proto-Mordvinic: *ujəms
Erzya: уемс (ujems)
Moksha: уемс (ujems)

Proto-Samic: *vuojëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *uidak, *ujudak (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared with Evenki уюми (ujumi), уюктами (ujuktami, “to swim (of birds)”), Proto-Japonic *əyənku (“to swim”)


kuńśe

Proto-Samoyedic: *kunsə

Nganasan: кунсә (kunsə)

Proto-Selkup: *küšə (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Mansi:

desc

⇒ Northern Mansi: хунсьуӈкве (hunsʹuňkwe, “to urinate”), хусьвит (husʹwit, “urine”)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: қо̆с (ḳŏs, “urine”), ⇒ қо̆ста (ḳŏsta, “to urinate”)

Northern Khanty: хөс (høs, “urine”), ⇒ хөс- (høs-, “to urinate”)

Hungarian: hangya (“ant”), húgy (“urine”), hugyozik (“to urinate”)

Proto-Permic: *kuʒ́ (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: кужаш (kužaš, “to urinate”), кужвӱт (kužvüt, “urine”)

Western Mari: кыжаш (kyžaš, “to urinate”), кыжвӹт (kyžvÿt, “urine”)

Proto-Samic: *końčë (“urine”), *końčëtēk (“to urinate”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kusi (“urine”), *kustak (“to urinate”) (see there for further descendants)

table
The noun's meaning of "ant" is likely derived from the meaning "urine". Compare the semantics of English pissmire (“ant”) and the ant-related history of Sanskrit मधुमेह (madhumēha "mead-urine"). Possibly related to Southern Yukaghir оожии (ōžī).


sewe-

Proto-Samoyedic: *timä (“tooth”)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тибя (tibja)

Nganasan: чими (čimi)

Proto-Selkup: *timə (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Mansi

Northern Mansi: тэ̄ӈкве (tè̄ňkwe)

Hungarian: eszik

Permic:

Komi-Zyrian: сёйны (śojny)

Udmurt: сиыны (śiyny)

Proto-Mordvinic: *sevəms

Erzya: сэвемс (sevems)

Moksha: сивомс (śivoms)

Proto-Finnic: *söödäk (see there for further descendants)

Koivulehto (2006) suggests borrowing from early Proto-Iranian *dzyewH- (later *ǰyawH-), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁-, though this has chronological problems: the sound change *e > *a is usually dated as already common Indo-Iranian, and this theory is now usually disregarded.


tumte-

Proto-Samoyedic: *t¹umt¹ə-

Kamassian: [script needed] (tʿəmnɛm)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тумдӑсь (tumdăsʹ°)

Nganasan: [script needed] (tumtu-)

Ugric:

Hungarian: tud

Proto-Permic: *tɔ̇dni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *tomtëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *tuntëdak (see there for further descendants)


mënɜ-

Proto-Samoyedic: *mån-

Nganasan: мунса (munsa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: мамби (mambi)

Tundra Enets: мана (mana)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: манзь (manzʔ)

Ugric:

Hungarian: mond

desctree

⇒? Proto-Ugric: *mańćɜ
⇒ Old Hungarian: mogyër
Hungarian: magyar (“Hungarian”) (see there for further descendants)
Mansi:
Northern Mansi: ма̄ньси (mānʹsi, “Mansi”)
Eastern Mansi: маньсь (manʹsʹ, “Mansi”)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: манаш (manaš)

Western Mari: [script needed] (mà·nam)

Proto-Mordvinic: *mońams~*məńams (“to conjure, divine”)

Erzya: мунямс (muńams)

Moksha: [script needed] (məńams)

Proto-Finnic: *manat'ak

desc

Finnish: manata (“to curse, damn, invoke, urge”)


mene-

Proto-Samoyedic: *min- (“to go”), *mintä- (“to carry”) (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: megy

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: минуӈкве (minuňkwe)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: мән (mən)

Northern Khanty: мӑн (măn)

Proto-Permic: *münni (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: мияш (mijaš)

Proto-Samic: *mënëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *mendäk (see there for further descendants)

May be akin to Proto-Indo-European *menH- (compare Welsh myned, Polish minąć).


ime-

Proto-Samoyedic: *ńim-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: нимнесь (nyimnyesʹ°)

Ugric:

Hungarian: emik (obsolete)

>? Proto-Samic: *ńëmëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *imedäk (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared to Proto-Turkic *em- (“to suck”), Proto-Yukaghir *iw- (“to suck”), whence Northern Yukaghir иби (ibi), and Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan *inmə- (“to swallow”), whence Alutor инмын (inmən).


elä-

Proto-Samoyedic: *ilä-

Nganasan: нилыди (njilɨdji)

Enets:

Forest Enets: дириҫь

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (iři-)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: диӆеш

Tundra Nenets: илесь (yilyesʹ°)

Kamassian: джили (ʒ́ili)

Proto-Selkup: *ilə-

Northern Selkup:

Taz: илыӄа (ilyqa)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: элгу́, илэгу́

Upper Ob: йилэгу

Ugric:

Hungarian: él

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ялтуӈкве (âltuňkwe)

Eastern Mansi: ялтых (âltyh)

Proto-Permic: *ɔlni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *ĭle- (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *eŕams

>? Erzya: эрямс (eŕams, “to live”)

>? Moksha: эрямс (eŕams, “to live”)

>? Proto-Mordvinic:

desc

>? Erzya: элякадомс (eľakadoms, “to become overjoyed”)

Proto-Samic: *ealētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *elädäk (see there for further descendants)


ëmta-

Ugric:

Hungarian: ad

Proto-Permic: *udni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *andəms (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *vuomtētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *antadak (see there for further descendants)


tole-

Proto-Samoyedic: *toj-

Ugric:

>? Hungarian: talál (“to find, to come upon”)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: толаш (tolaš)

Western Mari: толаш (tolaš)

Proto-Samic: *tolëtēk?

Eastern Samic:

Ter Sami: tollâd

Proto-Finnic: *tuldak (see there for further descendants)


jëxe-

Proto-Samoyedic: *ër- (“to drink”), *ëkəl- (“to drink avidly”)

Ugric:

Hungarian: iszik

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: аюӈкве (aûňkwe)

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: ӛнщ (jənsj)

Proto-Permic: *juni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *jüaš

Eastern Mari: йӱаш (jüaš)

Western Mari: йӱӓш (jüäš)

Samic: *juxe- > *jukëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Finnic: *joxe- > *joodak (see there for further descendants)

An Indo-European or pre-Indo-Iranian loan etymology has been proposed, from a reduplicated present *ǵʰu-ǵʰew- based on Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew- (“to pour”); but if the Samic form with *u is secondary, this cannot be upheld. Has also sometimes been compared with Turkic (Proto-Turkic *yug-) and Mongolic (Proto-Mongolic *uxu-) words, but there have been no convincing proposals for how these words would be related to each other.


teke-

Ugric:

Hungarian: tesz

Proto-Mordvinic: *ťejəms

Erzya: теемс (ťejems)

Moksha: тиемс (ťijems)

Proto-Samic: *tëkëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *tektäk (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-.


pore-

Proto-Samoyedic: *por-

Mator: [script needed] (horna-), [script needed] (horsu-), [script needed] (horši-)

Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (pŏr)

Northern Khanty: пӑр (păr)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: пуруӈкве (puruňkwe)

Proto-Permic: *purni (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: пураш (puraš)

Western Mari: пыраш (pyraš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *poŕəms

Erzya: поремс (poŕems)

Moksha: поремс (poŕems)

Proto-Samic: *porëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *purdak (see there for further descendants)


näke-

Ugric:

Hungarian: néz

Mansi

Northern Mansi: нэ̄глуӈкве (nè̄gluňkwe) (Sosva)

Khanty

Eastern Khanty: ни- (ni-), нӱ- (nü-) (Surgut)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ńäjəms

Erzya: неемс (ńejems)

Moksha: няемс (ńajems)

Proto-Finnic: *näktäk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *niekëntëtēk (see there for further descendants)


ade-

Ugric:

Hungarian: alszik

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: ололантымъ (ololantymʺ)

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (ŏʌ-)

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (ăla-) (Vakh)

Proto-Mordvinic: *udəms

Erzya: удомс (udoms)

Moksha: удомс (udoms)

Proto-Samic: *oaδētēk (see there for further descendants)


aja-

Ugric:

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (wujt), [script needed] (wojt)

Proto-Permic: *ojni (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *ajgəms

>? Erzya: айгемс (ajgems)

>? Moksha: айгомс (ajgoms)

Proto-Samic: *vuojētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *ajadak (see there for further descendants)

Probably borrowed from a descendant of Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-, *h₂éǵeti, but the exact form and source language remains undetermined. Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háȷ́ati, sometimes proposed, does not appear likely, as the Indo-Iranian *j would probably not have been reflected by a Uralic *j.


kanta-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kåntå-

Nganasan: контудя (kontuďa)

Enets:

Forest Enets:

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (кадась)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ханась (xānaś)

Mator: [script needed] (кандыя-)

Proto-Ugric: *kånta-

Proto-Khanty: *kāntəm-

Proto-Mansi: *kūnt-

Northern Mansi: хӯнт (hūnt)

Eastern Mansi: хӯнт (hūnt), кӯнт (kūnt)

Western Mansi: кӯнт (kūnt)

Proto-Mari: *kånde- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kandəms (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kuontētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kantadak (see there for further descendants)


peksä-

Proto-Samoyedic: *pet-

Nganasan: [script needed] (fedeʔa-)

Enets:

Forest Enets:

Tundra Enets:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: пиделць (ṕiďelć)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (petku)

Kamassian: [script needed] (pʰiʔ-)

Proto-Permic: *pɛsni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pivcəms~*piksəms (“to thresh, flail”)

Erzya: пивсэмс (pivsems)

Moksha: пиксэмс (piksems)

Proto-Finnic: *peksädäk (see there for further descendants)


mule-

Ugric:

Hungarian: múlik

Mansi:

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (mal-)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (mul-)

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (mol-)

Proto-Mordvinic: *moľəms (“to go”)

Erzya: молемс (moľems)

Moksha: молемс (moľems)

Proto-Samic: *molëtēk (see there for further descendants)


ëkta-

Proto-Samoyedic: *ïtå-, *ïto-

Nganasan: [script needed] (ŋiti-)

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (iriʔa-)

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (idiʔa-)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (ŋi̮ttī̮-)

Tundra Nenets: ӈыдась (ŋidasʹ°)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: ытыӄа (ytyqa)

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: итэгу

Kamassian: [script needed] (ɛdəľ-), [script needed] (ɛdʉ̄ľ-)

Mator: [script needed] (идя-)

Proto-Ugric: *ɨkta-

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: ыгәт (ygət)

Northern Khanty: ихәт (ihət)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (eχət)

Proto-Permic: *oktini (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: опташ (optaš)

Western Mari: опташ (optaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *avtəms

Erzya: автемс (avťems)

Moksha: афтомс (aftoms)

Proto-Samic: *vuoktēńē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *aktadak (see there for further descendants)


mośke-

Proto-Samoyedic: *måsə-

Enets:

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (masua-)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: масӑсь (masăsʹ°)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: мусыӄа (musyqa)

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: мізэгу

Kamassian: [script needed] (bezeľ-)

Mator: [script needed] (мазія-)

Ugric:

Hungarian: mos

Proto-Permic: *mu̇śkini (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *mŭška- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *muśkəms

Erzya: муськемс (muśkems)

Moksha: муськомс (muśkoms)

Proto-Finnic: *moskëdak (see there for further descendants)

Perhaps akin to Proto-Indo-European *mesg- (“to dip, sink”).


ńäle-

Samoyedic:

Nganasan: нелтәмирся (njeltəmirsja)

Nenets:

няньԓьчемпёш

Forest Nenets: няньԓьчемпёш (ńānsaś)

Tundra Nenets: ня̆лӑмзь (nyălămzʹ°)

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyel

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: нел (njel)

Northern Khanty: нел (njel)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (ńet-)

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (ńöält-)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (ńält-)

Proto-Permic: *ńu̇lni (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: нелаш (ńelaš)

Western Mari: нелӓш (ńeläš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ńiľəms

Erzya: нилемс (ńiľems)

Moksha: нилемс (ńiľems)

Proto-Samic: *ńielëtēk; (*ńäl-kä >) *ńālkē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *neeldäk; (*ńäl-kä >) *nälkä (see there for further descendants)


sańśa-

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (li̮ńť-), [script needed] (ji̮ńť-)

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (laś-)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (ťońť-)

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: туньсь (tunʹsʹ), тусьт (tusʹt)

Northern Mansi: тӯсьт (tūsʹt)

Southern Mansi: то̄ньць (tōnʹcʹ), то̄цьт (tōcʹt)

Western Mansi: туньсь (tunʹsʹ), тусьт (tusʹt)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śəśťams ⇒ *śťams

Erzya: стямс (sťams)

Moksha: стямс (sťams)

Proto-Samic: *čuońčōtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *saisadak, *saisodak (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samoyedic: *tänsä-

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: [script needed] (sidź-, “to sit down”)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: шинчаш (šinčaš)

Western Mari: сӹнзаш (sÿnzaš)

>? Proto-Finnic: *saistak, *saictak (see there for further descendants)


pala-

Proto-Samoyedic: *pålä- (“to swallow”)

Nganasan: [script needed] (falea)

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (fari')

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (faři)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (pari-)

Tundra Nenets: палесь (palyesʹ°)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (poli̮-)

Kamassian: полдола (poldola)

Ugric:

Hungarian: fal (“to devour”)

Proto-Mansi: *puul-

Northern Mansi: пӯлункве (pūlunkwe, “to eat”)

Khanty: *puuɭïï-

Eastern Khanty: пуԓыта (pułyta, “to eat up”) (Far Eastern dialects)

Proto-Mordvinic: *paləms

Erzya: паломс (paloms, “to burn”)

Moksha: паломс (paloms, “to burn”)

Proto-Samic: *puolētēk (“to burn”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *paladak (“to burn”) (see there for further descendants)


kulke-

Proto-Samoyedic:

Mator: каимъ

Tundra Nenets: хуˮлась (xuqlasʹ°)

Ugric:

Hungarian: halad, halaszt

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: когәлта (kogəlta)

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (xɔxəɬ-)

Proto-Permic: *ku̇lni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *koľgəms

Erzya: кольгемс (koľgems)

Moksha: кольгомс (koľgoms)

Proto-Samic: *kolkētēk

Kildin Sami: ко̄ллкэ (kōllke)

Proto-Finnic: *kulkëdak (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from or akin to Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁- (“to turn”), which may have also meant “to wander, travel”.


ńale-

Proto-Samoyedic: *ńåə- (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyal

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: нёлант (nëlant)

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: ня̆лта (njălta)

Proto-Permic: *ńulni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *nŭle- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *nolams

Erzya: ноламс (nolams)

Moksha: ноламс (nolams)

Proto-Samic: *ńoalōtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *nooldak (see there for further descendants)

Possibly a pre-Proto-Uralic doublet with either or both of *ńäle- (“to swallow”), *ńolke (“snot, slime”). Connection with Turkic *jālga- (“to lick”) (if from earlier *ńalga-) has occasionally been proposed.


wexe-

Proto-Samoyedic: *i- (“to take”)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: ӣӄо

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӣгу

Upper Ob: иигу

Ugric:

Hungarian: vësz

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (wiγ-)

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (tu-)

Proto-Samic: *vēkëtēk

Southern Sami: viëkedh

Often conflated with *wixe- (“to bring, take somewhere”), but Aikio (2013) argues for two separate verbs, which are still distinct in Hungarian and Selkup, and can be reconstructed separately in Proto-Samic.


wixe-

desc

Proto-Samoyedic: *ü- (“to pull”), *ükəl- (“to pull, drag”)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӱ́голгу

Upper Ob: іогэлгу

Ugric:

Hungarian: visz

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: виӈкве (wiňkwe)

? Permic: *vaj-

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: вайны (vajny)

Komi-Zyrian: вайны (vajny)

Udmurt: вайыны (vajyny)

Proto-Mordvinic: *vijəms

Erzya: виемс (vijems)

Moksha: виемс (vijems)

Proto-Samic: *vikëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *veedäk (see there for further descendants)

Often conflated with *wexe- (“to take, grasp”), but Aikio (2013) argues for two separate verbs, which are still distinct in Hungarian and Selkup, and can be reconstructed separately in Proto-Samic.
Possibly related with Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to bring, carry”), but this is less likely with *wixe- than with *wexe- due to the vocalism. Both loaning and common origin (from alleged Indo-Uralic or Nostratic *wig-) have been proposed.


luke-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: лахана (lāxnā)

Ugric:

Hungarian: olvas

Proto-Mordvinic: *lovəms

Erzya: ловомс (lovoms), ловномс (lovnoms)

Moksha: лувомс (luvoms)

Proto-Samic: *lokëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *lukëdak (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes considered to be either borrowed from or akin to Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (whence e.g. Ancient Greek λέγω (légō, “to count”)).


puše-

Proto-Finnic: *puhudak

Proto-Samic: *posōtēk


pura-

Ugric:

Hungarian: fúr

Proto-Finnic: *pura


pele-

Proto-Samoyedic: *pej-

Tundra Nenets: пӣлць (pyīlcʹ°)

Ugric:

Hungarian: fél

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: пилуӈкве (piluňkwe)

Proto-Permic: *pölni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *peľəms

Erzya: пелемс (peľems)

Moksha: пелемс (peľems)

Proto-Samic: *pëlëtēk (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *pelko (“fear”), *pelgäit'äk (“to fear”) (see there for further descendants)


ńüke-

Proto-Ugric:

Hungarian: nyű

Northern Mansi: нявуӈкве (nâwuňkwe)

Proto-Finnic: *nükidäk

Finnish: nykiä


ëśe-

Mordvinic

Proto-Mordvinic: *äźəm

Erzya: эзем (eźem, “bench, chair; seat; place”)

Moksha: эзем (eźem)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *äšťəms~*aštəms

>? Erzya: аштемс (ašťems, “to stay, be located”)

>? Moksha: ащемс (aščems)

Finnic

Proto-Finnic: *asëdak (“to live, dwell”)

Finnish: asea (dialectal, rare)

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *asëttadak

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *asëk


puna-

Ugric:

Hungarian: fon

Proto-Permic: *pu̇nni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *pŭne- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *punams

Erzya: понамс (ponams)

Moksha: понамс (ponams)

Proto-Samic: *ponētēk, *pońëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *punodak (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared with Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁- (compare English spin).


koke-

Proto-Finnic: *kokëdak

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“to see”) or related to Proto-Yukaghir *öɣe- (“to look”).


pajńa-

Proto-Finnic: *painadak


mixe-

Proto-Samoyedic: *mi-

Tundra Nenets: миць (myicʹ°)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: мегу́

Upper Ob: мэгу

⇒? Proto-Permic: *med (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *mijəms

Erzya: миемс (mijems)

Moksha: миемс (mijems)

Proto-Samic:

Kildin Sami: мӣгкэ (mīgke)

Proto-Finnic: *müüdäk (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *h₂meygʷ- (“to exchange”), from the root *h₂mey-.


saxe-

? Samoyedic:

>? Tundra Nenets: тэворць (teworcʹ°)

Permic:

Komi-Zyrian: суны (suny)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: шуаш (šuaš)

Mordvinic:

Proto-Mordvinic: *sams~*sajəms (“to get to, arrive”)

Erzya: самс (sams)

Moksha: самс (sams)

Proto-Mordvinic: *sajəms~*sävəms (“to take (away); to get”)

Erzya: саемс (sajems)

Moksha: сявомс (śavoms)

Proto-Finnic: *saadak (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *senh₂-.


kaďa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kaje-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хае (χāje)

Selkup:

desc

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (quəčə-)

Ugric:

Hungarian: hagy

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (χūĺ-)

Proto-Permic: *koľni (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: коде- (kode-)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kadəms

Erzya: кадомс (kadoms)

Moksha: кадомс (kadoms)

Proto-Samic: *kuoδētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *katodak (see there for further descendants)


suxe-

Proto-Samic: *sukëtēk, *suvtētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *soutadak (see there for further descendants)

According to Koivulehto, possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *sewh₁- (“to set in motion”), although this etymology is problematic.


mura-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: мӑрда (marδā)

Ugric

Hungarian: mar

Proto-Finnic: *murtadak (see there for further descendants)


kajwa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kajwə-

*kajwå (“shovel”)

Nganasan: кайбу (kajbu)

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: сива (siva)

Proto-Permic: *kojni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *koe-

Proto-Mordvinic: *kaj-mə

Erzya: койме (kojme)

Moksha: кайме (kajme)

Proto-Samic: *koajvōtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kaivadak (see there for further descendants)


peje-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: пись (pyisʹ°)

Ugric

Hungarian: fő

Proto-Permic: *püni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pijəms

Erzya: пиемс (pijems)

Moksha: пимс (pims)


čukka-

Samoyedic

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Ugric

Hungarian: csuk


śaδa-

Samoyedic

Nenets

>? Tundra Nenets: саˮесь (saqyesʹ°)

Ugric

Hungarian: szalad


kaŋe-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: ханзь (xanzʹ°)

Ugric

Hungarian: hív


puwe-

Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: пӯць (pūcʹ°)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: пӯгу

Upper Ob: пугу

Ugric:

Hungarian: fúj

Proto-Mordvinic: *pəvams

Erzya: пувамс (puvams)


puwe-

Ugric:

Hungarian: fojt

Proto-Mordvinic: *povams

Erzya: повамс (povams)


älɜ-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: илӑ (ilā)

Ugric:

Hungarian: emel

Mansi: *ääləm-

Northern Mansi: а̄лмуӈкве (ālmuňkwe)


jome-

Uralic

Hungarian: indul


jëka-

>? Proto-Samoyedic: *jəkə- (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Permic: *jukni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *javəms (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *juokētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *jakadak (see there for further descendants)


tappa-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тӑпӑрць (taparťś)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тапо́лешпэгу

Upper Ob: таабэргу

Proto-Mordvinic: *tapams

Erzya: тапамс (tapams)

Moksha: тапамс (tapams)

desc

Proto-Finnic: *tappadak (“to kill, to slay; to thresh”)


ruŋke-

Ugric

Hungarian: rág


lütte-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: лэтвӑ (letbə)

Ugric

Hungarian: lát


meke-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: ми (ḿi)

Ugric

Hungarian: mű


ńire-

Ugric

Hungarian: nyír


mᴕńće-

Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: мӑнзабтё (mənzābťo)

Ugric:

Hungarian: mozog


korpe-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kårpǝ̑

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (kabu)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (karp°)

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (xarp°)

Proto-Samoyedic: *kårpǝ̑r-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (xarpǝr-)

Ugric

>? Hungarian: hervad (“to fade, wither, droop, languish”)

Proto-Mordvinic:

Erzya: курвамс (kurvams, “to burn”), киртамс (kirtams, “to burn (transitive)”), кирвазтемс (kirvazťems, “to ignite”)

Moksha:

Proto-Samic: *kuorpëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *korbët'ak, *korbëntadak (see there for further descendants)


śale-

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: сярӑ (śārə)

Ugric

Hungarian: szalag


kuńa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kəjə

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: хӑя̆сь (xăyăsʹ°)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄа́егу

Upper Ob: каайгу

Ugric:

Hungarian: huny

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: хонюӈкве (honûňkwe)

Proto-Permic: *kuńni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *końəms (“to close, shut one's eyes”)

Erzya: конямс (końams)

Moksha: конемс (końems)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *końə (“forehead”)

>? Erzya: коня (końa)

>? Moksha: коня (końa)


pürke-

Ugric

Hungarian: fordít, forog, fordul

Proto-Mordvinic: *puvərəms~*puvərdəms

Erzya: пурдамс (purdams), пувордамс (puvordams)

Moksha: пувордамс (puvordams)


šure-

Ugric:

Hungarian: irt

Permic

Komi-Permyak: шырны (šyrny)

Udmurt: шырыны (šyryny)


wune-

Permic

Komi

Komi-Permyak: вунӧдны (vunödny)

Udmurt: вунэтыны (vunetyny)

? Finnic: *unohtadak (see there for further descendants)

The comparison is uncertain, as a different etymology has also been suggested for the Finnic word.
The Permic words may alternatively be connected with Turkic; compare Turkish unutmak.


nᴕje-

Samoyedic: *nåj-?

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (netebo)

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (nêtíbo), [script needed] (neete-)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (näeś)

Tundra Nenets: нэсь (næsy)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: нӱӄа (nüqa)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: нӧ́гу

Upper Ob: нюгу

Mator: [script needed] (ноймамъ)

Hungarian: nyílik (“to open”) (intransitive), nyit (“to open”) (transitive)


kaďaw-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kajə- (“to remain”)

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: хаёсь (xayosʹ°)

Mari

Eastern Mari: кодаш (kodaš, “to stay”)


čaŋaw-

Proto-Samoyedic: *cåŋo- (“to wear out”)

Derived from *čaŋa- (“to beat, strike, rub”).


čaŋa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *cåŋå- (“to rub, wear out”)

Ugric

Proto-Mansi: *šī̮ŋkʷ- < *šūŋk-

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (sē̮ŋkʷ-, “to strike, kick”)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (čɔɣ-, “to strike”)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (čoŋχ-, “to strike”)

Mari

Eastern Mari: чоҥгаш (čoŋgaš, “to beat”)

Proto-Mordvinic: *čavəms~*šavəms

Erzya: чавомс (čavoms, “to strike”)

Moksha: [script needed] (šavəms, “to strike”)


ëśew-

Proto-Samoyedic: *ëso-

Enets

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (unu-, “to camp”)

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: ӈэ̀со (ŋæso)

Proto-Permic: *uźni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *asudak (see there for further descendants)


kerjä-

Proto-Ugric:

Hungarian: kér

Proto-Permic: *kɔrni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kerjät'äk (see there for further descendants)


sentew-

Proto-Samoyedic: *tentö-

Nganasan: тынтуди (ti̮ntuďi)

Proto-Permic: *sȯd-

Komi

Komi-Zyrian: содны (sodny)

Proto-Finnic: *süntüdäk (see there for further descendants)


śerɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian:

⇒ szerelem (“romantic love”), ⇒ szeret (“to love, to like”)

⇒ szerdék¹ (“(obsolete) curdled milk, jam dregs”)

⇒ szerdék² (“(obsolete) acuisition, prey; strange thing; apparatus, component”)

⇒ szerkezet (“construction, structure”), ⇒ szerkeszt (“to edit”)

(maybe only in Proto-Hungarian) to join; to be linked / related to each other


woje-

Ugric:

Hungarian: vív (“to fight; to besiege; to fence”)

Proto-Finnic: *voidak (see there for further descendants)

The form *wäjä- is also possible according to Ante Aikio (2016), meaning a regular shift of *ä-ä to *a-i would have happened in Pre-Proto-Finnic (see *koi), making Proto-Samic *veajētēk a descendant and the Hungarian verb unrelated.


wole-

Ugric:

Hungarian: van (“to be”), vagyon (“property, wealth”)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: о̄луӈкве (ōluňkwe)

Central Mansi: олх (olh)

Proto-Permic: *vɔ̇lni (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: улаш (ulaš)

Western Mari: ы́лаш (ýlaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *uľəms

Erzya: улемс (uľems)

Moksha: улемс (uľems)

Proto-Finnic: *oldak (see there for further descendants)

Probably a frequentative (*-le-) derivative of a monosyllabic verb stem (*(w)o-le-); see *wo- / *o- for more. Has also sometimes been compared, although probably without much real merit, to Proto-Turkic *bōl-, Proto-Mongolic *bol-, or alternatively Proto-Turkic *ol-.

le-

with which merged into one paradigm in many descendants


toxe-

Proto-Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (tā-)

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (tera-)

Nganasan: [script needed] (tādaי a-)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (tattι)

Kamassian: [script needed] (tet‑)

Proto-Ugric:

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (tu-) (Obdorsk)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tūl-)

Hungarian: tojik

Proto-Mordvinic: *tujəms

Erzya: туемс (tujems)

Moksha: тумс (tums)

Proto-Samic: *tuokëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *toodak (see there for further descendants)

Possibly a borrowing from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- (“to give”).


śada-

Proto-Finnic: *satadak (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic:

Lule Sami: tjātat

Proto-Samoyedic: *sårå-

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *ḱh₂d-.


sente-

Ugric:

>? Hungarian: ellik

Koivulehto proposed that the word is an old loan from Proto-Iranian *zan- (“to beget”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-, but Aikio rejects the etymology on morphological, phonological and distribution grounds.


salkɜ-

Hungarian: áll


kupsa-

Proto-Samoyedic:

Nganasan: [script needed] (kabtu-)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (χaptā-)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (k͔apta-)

Southern Selkup:

Tym: [script needed] (kåpta-)

Ket: [script needed] (k͔apta-)

Kamassian: [script needed] (kuʔbdo-)

Koibal: кубдремъ

Koibal: кубдремъ

Mator: каптатъ

Mator: каптатъ

Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (kăwla-)

Proto-Permic: *kusni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kopsētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *kustudak (see there for further descendants)


wetä-

Ugric:

Hungarian: vezet

Mari:

Eastern Mari: вӱдаш (vüdaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *veťəms~*viťəms

Erzya: ветямс (veťams)

Moksha: вятемс (väťems)

Proto-Finnic: *vetädäk (see there for further descendants)

According to Koivulehto, possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ-.


kälä-

Ugric:

Hungarian: kel

Proto-Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ква̄луӈкве (kwāluňkwe) (Sosva)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (kwāl-)

Proto-Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: киԯта (kiłta) (Surgut), [script needed] (kül-)

Northern Khanty: киԯты (kiłty) (Kazym)

Proto-Permic: *kɛlni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: келаш (kelaš)

Western Mari: [script needed] (kelä-)

Proto-Mordvinic: *käľəms

Erzya: келямс (keľams)

Moksha: кялемс (käľems)

Proto-Samic: *kālētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *koolëk (see there for further descendants)


worka-

Ugric:

Hungarian: varr

Proto-Permic: *vurni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *ŭrge- (see there for further descendants)


kütke-

Ugric:

Hungarian: köt

Proto-Permic: *ku̇tkini (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kütkedäk (see there for further descendants)


wanča-

Proto-Samoyedic:

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (ke̮ntal-)

Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (uṇč-)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: унсуӈкве (unsuňkwe, “to cross a river”) (Sosva)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (onš-)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: вуджны (vudžny)

Komi-Zyrian: вуджны (vudžny)

Udmurt: выжыны (vyžyny)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: вончаш (vončaš)

Western Mari: ванжак (vanžak)

Proto-Samic: *vāncētēk (see there for further descendants)


tarttɜ-

desctree

>? Proto-Finnic: *tarttudak
>? Estonian: tarduma/tarduda
Finnish: tarttua
Ingrian: tarttua
Karelian:
North Karelian: tarttuo
South Karelian: tarttuo
Livvi: tarttuo
Ludian: tartuda
Veps: tartuda
Votic: tarttua

Hungarian: tart


kačka-

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *kūš-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (χūs-)

Proto-Khanty: *kī̮č-

desc

Eastern Khanty: ӄытҷа (ḳytč̣a) (Vakh), ӄыԏта (ḳytjta) (Vasyugan)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: кочкаш (kočkaš)

Western Mari: качкаш (kačkaš)

Proto-Samic: *kāckētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *kackëra, *kacku (see there for further descendants)


čača-

Proto-Samoyedic: *caci

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Ket: [script needed] (čāči)

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *šū(n)š-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sūs-), [script needed] (sūns-)

Proto-Khanty *čī̮čī̮m

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (či̮či̮m)

Proto-Permic: *čužni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шочаш (šočaš)

Western Mari: шачаш (šačaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *čačəms

Erzya: чачомс (čačoms)

Moksha: шачемс (šačems)

Proto-Finnic: *satadak (see there for further descendants)


wëlka-

Ugric:

Hungarian: válik

Proto-Mansi *wī̮ɣl-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (wāɣl-)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (wa͕jl-)

Proto-Khanty *wāɣǝl- ~ *wī̮ɣǝl-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (waɣǝl-), [script needed] (wi̮ɣǝl-)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: волаш (volaš)

Western Mari: валаш (valaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *valgəms

Erzya: валгомс (valgoms)

Moksha: валгомс (valgoms)

Proto-Samic: *vuolkētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *valkama (see there for further descendants)


appa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *åpər-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (ŋabər-)

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *ūpǝ-

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (ūp-)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (wūp-)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: уваш (uvaš)

Proto-Samic: *vuoppōtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *appadak (see there for further descendants)


woča-

Proto-Mari: *wŭče-

Eastern Mari: вучаш (vučaš)

Western Mari: вычаш (vyčaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *učəms

Erzya: учомс (učoms)

Moksha: учемс (učems)

Proto-Samic: *oacōttētēk

Proto-Finnic: *odottadak (see there for further descendants)

Possibly from *woča (“fence”) with semantic development "to protect" > "to guard, to keep an eye on" > "to wait".


mašta-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: мошташ (moštaš)

Western Mari: мышташ (myštaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *maštəms

Erzya: маштомс (maštoms, “to be able; to kill”)

Moksha: маштомс (maštoms)

Proto-Finnic: *mahtadak (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Samic: *māttētēk


wale-

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *walt-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (wȯlt-)

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (wålt-)

Proto-Khanty *wi̮lt-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (wălt-)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: вӧлавны (völavny)

Udmurt: вӧльыны (vöľyny)

Proto-Samic: *oalōtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *vooldak (see there for further descendants)


śälä-

Proto-Samoyedic: *sälä

Nganasan: [script needed] (śeli̮)

Ugric:

Hungarian: szel

Proto-Mansi *šilt-

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (šǝlt-)

Northern Mansi: сылталаӈкве (syltalaňkwe, “to cut/rip open”)

Proto-Khanty *sǖl-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (sül-)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шелаш (šelaš)

Western Mari: шелаш (šelaš)

Proto-Samic: *čālētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *sälidäk (see there for further descendants)


talwa-

Proto-Samoyedic: *tåjwå- ~ *tåjwǝ̑-

Nganasan: [script needed] (tojbusa)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (tæwᵊ-)

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *tūl-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tūl-)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (tōl-)

Proto-Samic: *toalvōtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *taludak (see there for further descendants)


wala-

Proto-Mordvinic: *valəms

Erzya: валомс (valoms)

Moksha: валомс (valoms)

Proto-Finnic: *valadak (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: велаш (velaš)

Western Mari: вилӓш (viläš)

Possibly borrowed from a substrate language.


jaŋša-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: йоҥыжаш (joŋyžaš)

Western Mari: янгышташ (jangyštaš)

Proto-Finnic: *jauhadak (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *jaža-

Erzya: яжамс (jažams)

Moksha: яжамс (jažams)

Probably borrowed from a substrate language (the Pre-West Uralic agricultural substrate).


ärä-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *ärǝlt-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (erǝlt-)

Proto-Mansi: *ǟrǟt-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (ārat-)

Central Mansi: [script needed] (öärt-)

Proto-Samic: *ārētēk (see there for further descendants)


čëppa-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *čɔ̄p

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (čɔw)

Proto-Mansi: *šup

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sup)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (šup)

Proto-Permic: *čup-

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: тшупны (čupny)

Udmurt: ӵупыны (čupyny)

Proto-Mordvinic: *čapəms

Erzya: чапомс (čapoms)

Moksha: шапомс (šapoms)

Proto-Samic: *cāppētēk (see there for further descendants)


jämä-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: йымаш (jymaš)

Western Mari: йӹмаш (jÿmaš)

Proto-Samic: *jāmētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *jämedä ~ *jämäkkä (see there for further descendants)


wide-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *wäl-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (wel-)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (wet-)

Proto-Mansi: *äl-

Northern Mansi: алуӈкве (aluňkwe)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (äl-)

Hungarian: öl

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: вины (viny)

Komi-Zyrian: вины (viny)

Udmurt: виыны (viyny)

Proto-Samic: *vëδōtēk (see there for further descendants)


läśä-

Proto-Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (jeśe-)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (če̮si̮-)

Proto-Samic: *lāčētēk (see there for further descendants)


watka-

Proto-Samoyedic: *wåt-

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (waʔ-).

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: вокташ (voktaš)

Western Mari: вакташ (vaktaš)

Proto-Mordvinic:

Erzya: ваткамс (vatkams)

Moksha: ваткамс (vatkams)

Proto-Samic: *vuotkētēk (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Finnic: *vatkudak (see there for further descendants)


pakta-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: покташ (poktaš)

Western Mari: покташ (poktaš)

Proto-Samic: *puoktētēk (see there for further descendants)


čäkä-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: чияш (čijaš)

Western Mari: чиам (čiam)

Proto-Samic: *cākētēk (see there for further descendants)


panča-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *pūṇč-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (puṇč-)

Proto-Mansi: *pūnš-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (pūns-)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (pōnš-)

Proto-Permic: *pŭǯ-

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: [script needed] (pudžni̮)

Udmurt: пужалтыны (pužaltyny)

Proto-Mari: *påča-

Eastern Mari: почаш (počaš)

Western Mari: пачаш (pačaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *panžə-

Erzya: панжомс (panžoms)

Moksha: панжемс (panžems)

Proto-Samic: ⇒ *puoncōs (see there for further descendants)


pätäre-

Ugric

Proto-Mansi: *pǟtǝr-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (pātǝr-)

Central Mansi: [script needed] (pöätr-)

Proto-Samic: *pātërëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Aryan *patar-, whence Sanskrit पतर (patará), पतरु (patáru, “flying, shooting through the air”).


kaća-

Proto-Samoyedic: *kåso (“sacrifice, payment, gift”)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (χaso)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (qossi̮)

Ugric

Hungarian: haszon

Proto-Permic: *kuǯiŋ (“gift, dowry”)

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: козин (koźin)

Komi-Zyrian: козин (koźin)

Udmurt: кузьым (kuźym)

→ Proto-Mari: *kucǝk (“dowry”)

Eastern Mari: кузык (kuzyk)

Western Mari:

Proto-Mordvinic: *kaźə-

Erzya: каземс (kaźems)

Moksha: каземс (kaźems)


sënte-

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шӱдаш (šüdaš)

Western Mari: шӱдаш (šüdaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *sańďǝ-

Erzya: сандямс (sanďams)

Moksha: сандемс (sanďems)

Proto-Samic: *suontëtēk (see there for further descendants)


lëkśe-

Proto-Mari: *lokšǝnca-

Eastern Mari: локшинчаш (lokšinčaš)

Western Mari: локсынзаш (loksynzaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *lakśə-

Erzya: лаксемс (lakśems)

Moksha: лаксемс (lakśems)

Proto-Samic: *luokčëtēk (see there for further descendants)


soske-

Proto-Samoyedic: *tutu-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *ʟaɣǝl-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (logəl-)

Proto-Mansi: *taɣt-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tawt-)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: [script needed] (sësky-)

Udmurt: сиськыны (śiśkyny)

Proto-Mordvinic: *suskǝ-

Erzya: сускомс (suskoms)

Moksha: сускомс (suskoms)

Proto-Samic: *suoskëtēk (see there for further descendants)


koppe-

Proto-Mari: *kŭpe-

Eastern Mari: купаш (kupaš)

Western Mari: кыпаш (kypaš)

Proto-Samic: *kuoppëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *kop'ëk (see there for further descendants)


itä-

Proto-Samoyedic: *ətə-

Nganasan: [script needed] (ŋǝtǝďa)

Proto-Selkup: *atə-

Southern Selkup:

Tym: [script needed] (ata)

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *ät-

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (εt-)

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (et-)

Proto-Finnic: *itädäk, *itä (see there for further descendants)


pese-

Proto-Mordvinic:

Erzya: пезэмс (pezems)

Moksha: пезомс (pezoms)

Proto-Samic: *pësëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pestäk (see there for further descendants)

Possibly an old loanword from Proto-Indo-European *bʰes- (“to rub”).


okse-

Proto-Permic: *wu̇sk-

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: восны (vosny)

Komi-Zyrian:

Udmurt: ӧскыны (öskyny)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: укшинчаш (ukšinčaš)

Western Mari: уксынзаш (uksynzaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *uksǝndǝ-

Erzya: уксномс (uksnoms)

Moksha: уксондомс (uksondoms)

Proto-Samic: *vuoksëntëtēk, *vuoksētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *oksëntadak (see there for further descendants)


pëkka-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *pākǝn-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (pakǝn-, paɣǝn-)

Hungarian: fakad

Proto-Finnic: *pak'ahtadak (see there for further descendants)


śoma-

Ugric

Hungarian: szomjú, szomjas, szomorú

Proto-Permic: *śu̇mal-

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: [script needed] (śumav-)

Udmurt: сюмэм (śumem)

Proto-Mari: *šŭm-

Eastern Mari: шумаш (šumaš)

Western Mari: [script needed] (šǝ̑ma-)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śumǝrdǝ-

Erzya: [script needed] (śumordoms)

Moksha: [script needed] (śumǝrdǝms)

Borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?] (whence Sanskrit शाम्यति (śāmyati, “to become tired”)).


kixe-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty:

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (koj-)

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (köj-)

Proto-Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (kaj-)

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (kij-)

Hungarian: kéj

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: [script needed] (koj-)

Proto-Samic: *kikëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *kiima (see there for further descendants)


sälä-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *ʟäl-

desc

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (lel-, jel-)

Proto-Mansi: *tǟl-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tāl-)

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (töäl-)

Hungarian: (archaic) ellik (“to mount a horse”)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: сӧвны (sövny)

Proto-Finnic: ⇒ *sälüttädäk (see there for further descendants)


tarke-

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *ti̮rǝɣ- ~ *tārǝɣ-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (tărǝɣ-)

Eastern Khanty: (Surgut) [script needed] (tårǝɣ-)

Proto-Mansi: *tārǝɣ-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tɔ̄rɣ-)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (tark-)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: туравны (turavny)

Proto-Samic: ⇒ *toarkēstētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *tarkëdak (see there for further descendants)