pata

Proto-Finnic: *pata (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: под (pod)

Western Mari: [script needed] (pat)

Proto-Samoyedic: *patǝ̑-

Nenets:

desc

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (pāda-, “to put in a pot”)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (pot-, “to put in a pot”)

Ugric:

Hungarian: fazék

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (put)

Northern Khanty: пут (put)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (püt)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: пӯт (pūt) (Sosva)

Western Mansi: пут (put)

Sometimes compared with Indo-European words (such as Lithuanian púodas).


were

Ugric:

Hungarian: vér

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: вы̄гыр (wȳgyr) (Sosva), выйыр (wyjyr) (Upper Lozva)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (wür)

Proto-Khanty: *wir

Northern Khanty: вўр (wŭr) (Kazym), вур (wur) (Shuryshkar)

Eastern Khanty: вәр (wər) (Surgut), вӛр (wjər) (Vakh), вяр (wjar) (Vasyugan)

Proto-Permic: *vir (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *wü̆r (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ver (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *vërë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *veri (see there for further descendants)

Found only within the traditional Finno-Ugric languages; contrast Proto-Samoyedic *këm. Neither word can be explicitly shown to be an innovation, however.


kopa

Proto-Samoyedic: *kopå

Nganasan: [script needed] (kuhu)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (χoba)

Proto-Permic: *ku (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *kŭwə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kuvə

Erzya: куво (kuvo)

Proto-Finnic: *kopa (see there for further descendants)


ola

Ugric:

Hungarian: áll

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ӯлысь (ūlysʹ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ulə

Erzya: уло (ulo)

Moksha: ула (ula)

⇒ Proto-Samic: *oalōl (see there for further descendants)


kesä

Proto-Mordvinic: *kizə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *keasē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kesä (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *(s)h₁es-, although EVE considers this theory uncertain.


jalka

Ugric:

Hungarian: gyalog

Proto-Mari: *jål (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *jalgə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *juolkē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *jalka (see there for further descendants)


ilma

Ugric:

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: иләм (iləm), еԓәм (jełəm)

Southern Khanty: итәм (itəm)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (jēləm) (Upper Lozva)

Proto-Permic: *jɛn (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *ëlmē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *ilma (see there for further descendants)


kala

Proto-Samoyedic: *kålä (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: hal

Proto-Khanty: *kūl

Eastern Khanty: ӄуԓ (ḳuł) (Surgut)

Northern Khanty: хўԓ (hŭł)

Southern Khanty: хуть (hut’)

Proto-Mansi: *kūl

Eastern Mansi: хул (hul)

Northern Mansi: хӯл (hūl)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (kōl)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (kul)

Proto-Mari: *kol (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kalə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kuolē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kala (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared with Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos.


tora

Probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰāráya-.


kama

Proto-Samoyedic: *kämə

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: сяв (syaw°)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ка́мья (“tench; bittern; scale”)

Upper Ob: каам

Ugric

Hungarian: hámoz

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *kamara (see there for further descendants)


joke

Samoyedic

Enets:

Forest Enets: дёха

Tundra Enets: дяха

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: яха (yaxa)

Ugric

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: я̄ (â̄)

Hungarian: jó (archaic, used only in place names)

Proto-Permic: *ju (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Mordvinic:

>? Erzya: Йов (Jov, “the Moksha river”)

Proto-Finnic: *joki (see there for further descendants)

Likely a doublet *juka, from which some of the descendants may also rather derive.


ikä

Ugric:

Hungarian: év

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: ий (ij)

Western Mari: и (i)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ijə

Erzya: ие (ije)

Moksha: ий (ij, dialectal)

Proto-Samic: *jëkē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *ikä (see there for further descendants)


pere

Proto-Samoyedic: *pir

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: пир’’ (pyir’’)

Ugric:

Hungarian: bőr


pala

Ugric:

Hungarian: falat

Proto-Mansi *pūl

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (pōl)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (pūl)

Proto-Khanty *pūḷ

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (puḷ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *palə

Erzya: пал (pal)

Moksha: пал (pal)

Proto-Samic: *puolē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pala (see there for further descendants)


emä

Proto-Samoyedic: *ämä

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: небя (nyebya)

Nganasan: [script needed] (ńame)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (ämä)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ав

Upper Ob: ау, эу/йэу

Ugric:

Hungarian: eme

Proto-Samic: *eamē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *emä (see there for further descendants)


mete

Ugric:

Hungarian: méz

Proto-Permic: *må (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *mü (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *meď (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *meci (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Proto-Tocharian *ḿətə, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu. One of the words found only within the traditional Finno-Ugric group.
It is not clear if the Mari words are inherited, as loss of *-t- would be irregular (contrast the development in *pata, *wete). UEW suggests the possibility of deriving them from a separate root *mäkɜ, while another possibility is loaning from Permic.


owe

Samoyedic: ? *öə

Nganasan: ӈуа (ŋua), (19th century) [script needed] (ŋoa)

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *ī̮wi̮

Northern Mansi: а̄ви (āwi)

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: ов (ow)

Proto-Finnic: *ovi (see there for further descendants)


ora

Proto-Permic: *ur (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *ur (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *urə

Erzya: ур (ur)

Moksha: ур (ur)

⇒ Proto-Samic: *oarēvē (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *oraba (see there for further descendants)

table
Often compared to Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“squirrel”).


ora

Proto-Ugric:

Hungarian: ár

Proto-Mordvinic: *urə

Erzya: уро (uro)

Moksha: ура (ura)

Proto-Samic: *oarē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *ora (see there for further descendants)

table
Borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́raH, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ólos.


koska

Proto-Samoyedic: *kåtå

Nganasan: коту (kotu)

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (kada'a)

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (kara'a)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (kāt̆tɐə)

Tundra Nenets: хада (xada)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Ket: [script needed] (qotya)

Proto-Samic: *koaskē (see there for further descendants)


kota

Ugric:

Hungarian: ház

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: кат (kat)

Northern Khanty: хат (hat)

Permic:

Komi:

⇒ Komi-Zyrian: керка (kerka, “house”), вичко (vićko, “church”)

⇒ Komi-Permyak: керку (kerku, “house”), вичку (vićku, “church”)

⇒ Udmurt: корка (korka, “house”), вуко (vuko, “mill”)

Proto-Mari: *kudə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kudə

Erzya: кудо (kudo)

Moksha: куд (kud)

Proto-Samic: *koatē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kota (see there for further descendants)

Probably akin to Proto-Iranian *kátah (compare Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬙𐬀 (kata, “house/home, pit”), Persian کده (kade, “house”)), in which case it is a loan in one direction or the other, but the direction is not entirely clear. Many researchers have supported an early loanword from pre-Indo-Iranian into Uralic, but this is not certain, as the Iranian word has no known cognates in Indo-European, not even Indo-Aryan. The similarity may simply be a coincidence.
Moreover, the root may have been a widespread Wanderwort across Eurasia; compare Abkhaz ақыҭа (akəta), Azerbaijani qutan (“(dialectal) dugout for lambs”), Proto-Mongolic *kotan (Mongolian хот (xot, “town”)), Turkish kodak (“(dialectal) home”), Ainu コタン (kotan, “village”), Japanese 鶏 (kutakake, kudakake, “rooster”, hybrid Ainu-Japanese word, literally “house rooster”), Tamil குடி (kuṭi, “house, abode, home, family, lineage, town, tenants”). Borrowings from Iranian (specifically Scythian) include Proto-Germanic *kutą, *kutǭ (whence English cot, Dutch kot, German Kate) and Proto-Slavic *xata (“house”).


nime

Proto-Samoyedic: *nim

Nganasan: ним (njim)

Enets:

Forest Enets: ним

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (ńuʔ)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: ним (ńim)

Tundra Nenets: нюмʼ (nyum)

Proto-Selkup: *nim

Northern Selkup: ним (nim)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: нэп

Upper Ob: ниэм

Kamassian: ним (nim)

desc

Mator: нуммеде (third-person singular possessive)

Ugric:

Hungarian: név

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: нам (nam)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (näm)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (nem)

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (nem)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (nem)

Proto-Permic: *ńim (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *lü̆m (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *lemə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *nëmë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *nimi (see there for further descendants)

Within the disputed Indo-Uralic theory, it has been connected with the Indo-European noun *h₁nómn̥.
Similar words meaning "name" can be found in other languages of northern Eurasia, for instance Proto-Yukaghir *ńu:, Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan *nənnə, and Proto-Japonic *na.


muna

Proto-Samoyedic: *mənå

Nganasan: мәну (mənu)

Enets:

Forest Enets: мона

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (mona)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (må̄ne)

Southern Selkup:

Tym: [script needed] (man)

Ket: [script needed] (mane)

Kamassian: мунуй (munuj)

Mator:

Ugric:

Hungarian: mony, mogyoró

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: мон (mon)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: мӯӈи (mūňi)

Proto-Mari: *mŭnə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *mona

Erzya: мона (mona)

Moksha: мона (mona)

Proto-Samic: *monē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *muna (see there for further descendants)


kone

Ugric:

Hungarian: hón

Ugric:

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ханул (hanul)

Hungarian: hónalj

>? Proto-Mordvinic:

>? Erzya: кавал (kaval)

Proto-Finnic: *kainalo (see there for further descendants)


sitta

Samoyedic

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: тӱт (tüt)

Permic

Komi

Komi-Permyak: сіт (sit)

Komi-Zyrian: сіт (sit)

Udmurt: сӥть (siť)

Proto-Finnic: *sitta (see there for further descendants)


koje

? Samoyedic:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (xājūpā, “to be married”) (of a woman)

Mansi: *kuj

Northern Mansi: хуй (huj)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: ку (ku)

Northern Khanty: хой (hoj)

? Mordvinic: (from *koj-śe)

? Erzya: комсь (komś, “twenty”)

? Moksha: комсь (komś, “twenty”)

Proto-Samic: *kuojë (“husband”)

Skolt Sami: kuõjj

Akkala Sami: [Term?] (“kujj, kuj”)

Kildin Sami: кӯйй (kūjj)

Ter Sami: кыйй (kïjj)


koje

Ugric:

Hungarian: hajnal

Permic

Komi-Permyak: кыа (kya)

Proto-Finnic: *koi (see there for further descendants)


kočka

Proto-Permic: *kuč (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *kučkəž (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kućkan (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Samic: *koackēmē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kocka (see there for further descendants)


taka

Proto-Samoyedic: *täk

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тяхӑд (ťāχād)

Proto-Samic: *tuokē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *taka (see there for further descendants)


kare

Proto-Samoyedic: *kar

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (śar)

Ugric:

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (-χǫr)

Proto-Samic: *koarē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *koori (see there for further descendants)


pire

Samoyedic:

>? Kamassian: [script needed] (pjeri, “around”)

Selkup:

>? Northern Selkup:

Taz: пӱрэ (püre, “ring, circle”)

>? Southern Selkup:

Ket: пыр (“perimeter, round”)

? Uncategorized Selkup : пӱру (püru), пӧру

Permic:

>? Komi-Zyrian: бор (bor, “border, garden”)

Proto-Mordvinic: *piŕə

Erzya: пире (piŕe, “(enclosed) vegetable garden”)

Moksha: перя (peŕa, “fence”)

Proto-Finnic: *piiri (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *pirë (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared with Proto-Mongolic *hergi- (“to go round”), whence Mongolian эргэх (ergex, “to turn”), Buryat эрьехэ (erʹjexe), эрьелдэхэ (erʹjeldexe), Kalmyk эргх (ergx, “to spin, go round”); Evenki хэркэми (hərkəmi, “to tie, bind together”), Manchu ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡳ (hergi, “to wind”); Proto-Indo-European *péri, whence Sanskrit परि (pari), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (paⁱri), Ancient Greek περί (perí, “around”).


orja

q

>? Proto-Permic: *ver (alternatively, an Indo-European borrowing)

Komi:

desc

Komi-Zyrian: вер (ver, “man, male; slave, servant”)

Udmurt: вар (var, “slave, servant”)

Proto-Mordvinic: *uŕə (“slave”) (see there for further descendants)

Samic: ? *oarjē (“south”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *orja (“slave”) (see there for further descendants)

Traditionally taken as a borrowing from the Proto-Indo-Iranian autonym *áryas, or from an earlier stage of development (practically Proto-Indo-European) *óryos, with meaning 'slave' developing in a similar way as Latin sclavus (“slave”) from Sclavus (“Slav”). EVE supports this etymology and argues that the meaning "south, southerner" is a parallel development from the Indo-Aryan endonym through the meaning "a people living south".
Alternative theories exist as well, however, but are not as widely accepted. SSA argues that a borrowing from *áryas is unlikely due to the semantic gap. Koivulehto proposed that the reflexes meaning 'slave, servant' may instead derive from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ- (“to work”), but later expressed support for the aforementioned etymology from *áryas.


kaja

Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: ӄӑлэк (ḳălek) (Surgut)

Proto-Samic: *kājēkē

Western Samic:

Northern Sami: gádjit

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: kaijuu

Skolt Sami: kaaʹjji

Akkala Sami: [script needed] (kaiji)

Kildin Sami: ка̄й (kāj)

Proto-Finnic: *kajaga (see there for further descendants)


kompa

Proto-Samoyedic: *kåmpå

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: хамба (xamba)

Proto-Selkup: *k͔ōmpə

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄомб

Upper Ob: куобба

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *kūmp

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (kump)

Proto-Mansi: *kump

Northern Mansi: хумп (hump)

Hungarian: hab

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: [script needed] (wüt-kowǝ)

Western Mari: коэ (koe)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kumbə, *kombə

Erzya: кумбо (kumbo)

Moksha: комба (komba)

>? Proto-Finnic: *kumbut'ak

Finnish: kummuta


kule

⇒ Proto-Samoyedic: *kuləjə (see there for further descendants)

Ugric

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: хулах (hulah)

Hungarian: holló


maja

Proto-Permic: *moj (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *majaga (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Samic: *mājēkē (see there for further descendants)


pesä

Proto-Samoyedic: *pitä

Nganasan: [script needed] (ɸə̥t̆te)

Enets: пиде

Forest Enets: [script needed] (fide)

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (fire)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: пидя (pyidya)

Forest Nenets: пича (pyića)

Proto-Selkup: *pitə (see there for further descendants)

Kamassian: пхидя (pʰida)

Mator: иды

Ugric:

Hungarian: fészek

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: пить (pitʹ)

Northern Mansi: пити (piti)

Southern Mansi: питӣ (pitī)

Western Mansi: пить (pitʹ)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: пәл (pəl)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (pit)

Proto-Permic: *pɔz (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *pĭzakš (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pizə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *peasē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pesä (see there for further descendants)


perä

Proto-Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: пӛртӓх (pjərtäh) (Vakh)

Proto-Permic: *bär (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pəŕä~*piŕä

Erzya: пря (pŕa)

Moksha: [script needed] (pŕä)

Proto-Finnic: *perä (see there for further descendants)


lapa

Proto-Samoyedic: *låpä

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: лабя (labya)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: лаб

Upper Ob: лааб

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *lavtəŋ~*lavtəmə (“shoulder”)

>? Erzya: лавтов (lavtov), лавтомо (lavtomo)

>? Moksha: лавту (lavtu)

Proto-Samic: *luopē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *lapa (see there for further descendants)


wala

Proto-Samoyedic: *wålä

Forest Enets: [script needed] (bari)

Nganasan: бәлы (bəlɨ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *valə

Erzya: вал (val)

Moksha: вал (val)

Proto-Samic: *vuolē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *vala (see there for further descendants)


luwe

Proto-Samoyedic: *lë (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

>? Hungarian: láb

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: лӓв (läw) (Obdorsk)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: лув (luw)

Proto-Permic: *lu̇ (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: лу (lu)

Proto-Mordvinic: *lovaža

Erzya: ловажа (lovaža)

Moksha: ловажа (lovaža)

Proto-Finnic: *luu (see there for further descendants)


teje

Proto-Permic: *tüj (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *tee (see there for further descendants)


turpa

Proto-Mari: *tü̆rwə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Permic: *tu̇rp (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *tərva (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *turpa (see there for further descendants)


oksa

Permic:

Komi-Zyrian: вос (vos)

Udmurt: усы (usy, “harrow”)

→ Western Mari: ошо (ošo, “harrow”)

Proto-Mari: *ukš (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *oaksē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *oksa (see there for further descendants)

The root is only of Finno-Permic distribution, but shows no obvious signs of being an innovation. Contrast Proto-Ugric *saŋɜ.


lunta

Ugric:

Hungarian: lúd

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: лөнт (lønt)

Northern Khanty: ӆᴏнт

Southern Khanty: тунт (tunt)

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (la°nt)

Northern Mansi: лӯнт (lūnt)

Western Mansi: лөнт

Proto-Mari: *lŭdə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *lontē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *lintu (see there for further descendants)


kalma

Proto-Samoyedic: *kålmɜ

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (kamero)

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (kameRo), камэр (“ghost”)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: каӆьмяӆ (kāŕḿeȧr)

Tundra Nenets: хальмер (xalʹmyer°, “grave”)

Kamassian: [script needed] (kʰolmə, “grave”)

Mordvinic: *kalmə, *kalma-

Erzya: калмо (kalmo, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)

Moksha: калма (kalma, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)

Proto-Finnic: *kalma (“grave, death”) (see there for further descendants)

From *kale- (“to die”) + *-ma. The reconstruction *kalema cannot be clearly ruled out.
For previously included cognates in Samic, see *kolmes.


juma

Proto-Mari: *jŭmə (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *jomə

>? Erzya: ён- (jon-) (in compound: ёндол (jondol))

>? Moksha: ён- (jon-) (in compound: ёндул (jondul))

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *jumala (see there for further descendants)

Probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dyumā́ (whence Sanskrit द्युमान् (dyumān)).


tule

Proto-Samoyedic: *tuj (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Permic: *tu̇l (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *tŭl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *tol (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *tolë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *tuli (see there for further descendants)


näre

Proto-Permic: *nu̇r (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *ner (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ńäŕ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *nierë (see there for further descendants)


pola

Ugric:

Hungarian: bogyó

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: пил (pil)

Proto-Permic: *pul (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *poola (see there for further descendants)


terä

Proto-Permic: *dɔr (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *torə (“sword”)

>? Erzya: торо (toro)

Proto-Finnic: *terä (see there for further descendants)


kude

Proto-Samoyedic: *kum

Tundra Nenets: хӯ (xū)

Nganasan: күз̌иату (küðiatu)

Forest Enets: киузе

Kamassian: короджон (koroʒ́on)

Proto-Selkup::

Northern Selkup: ӄары (qary)

Ugric:

Mansi:

⇒ Northern Mansi: холытан (holytan)

⇒ Hungarian: holnap


kuje

Ugric:

Hungarian: háj

Proto-Mordvinic: *kuj-a

Erzya: куя (kuja)

Moksha: куя (kuja)

Proto-Finnic: *kuu (see there for further descendants)


kuŋe

Proto-Samoyedic: *kïj (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: hó, hold

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: хўв (hŭw)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kov~*koŋ (see there for further descendants)


mëxe

Samoyedic:

Nganasan: моу (mou)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: -мо (-mo) in минырмо̄ (minyrmō)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: -мо in ӱ̄дэрмо

Upper Ob: -ма in карама

Ugric:

? Khanty: *meɣ

Eastern Khanty: мәг (məg)

Northern Khanty: мўв (mŭw), мув (muw)

Mansi: *mëë

Northern Mansi: ма̄ (mā)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (mɛ̮̄)

Eastern Mansi: мы (my)

Proto-Permic: *mu (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

⇒ Eastern Mari: мла́нде (mlánde), мӱнӧ (münö, “down, below”)

⇒ Western Mari: мӱланды (mülandy)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ma-, *-ma(s) (“land”)

Erzya: ма- (ma-) in мастор (mastor)

Moksha: ма- (ma-) in мастор (mastor)

Proto-Finnic: *maa (see there for further descendants)

An etymology that has not received wide acceptance is put forth by Koivulehto (2009) that the word is possibly an old loanword from an Indo-Iranian language, from Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂s (“big, great”) (presumably in the sense of “greatness, expanse”) (compare specifically Sanskrit मही (mahī́, “earth”), Proto-Celtic *magos (“plain, field”)). This etymology is rejected by Holopainen (2019).


päŋe

Ugric:

Hungarian: fej, fő

Proto-Mansi:

Northern Mansi: пуӈк (puňk)

Western Mansi: пӓнк (pänk)

Eastern Mansi: пянг (pâng)

Southern Mansi: пӧӈ (pöň)

Proto-Permic: *pɔŋ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pe

Erzya: пе (pe)

Moksha: пе (pe)

Proto-Samic: *pāŋē

Northern Sami: bákŋi

Proto-Finnic: *pää (see there for further descendants)


soja

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тю (tyu)

Ugric:

Hungarian: ujj

Proto-Permic: *sojɜs

Komi

Komi-Permyak: сос (sos)

Komi-Zyrian: сос (sos)

Udmurt: саес (sajes)


kaje

Proto-Samoyedic: *kåǝ

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: ӄу (qu)

Southern Selkup:

Vasyugan: кулля

Narym: ӄуле, ӄуля

Proto-Ugric: *kajɜ

Hungarian: haj

Proto-Mansi: *kāj

Eastern Mansi: хой (hoj)

Proto-Permic: *ku̇

Komi-Zyrian: кы (ky)

Udmurt: кы (ky)

Proto-Samic: *kuojë (see there for further descendants)


kutte

Ugric

Hungarian: hát (“back”)


läppä

Ugric

Hungarian: lép (“spleen”)

Mari

Eastern Mari: леп (ĺep)

Proto-Permic: *lɔp

Komi-Permyak: лоп (lop)

Komi-Zyrian: лоп (lop)

Udmurt: луп (lup)

Proto-Samic: *δāpδē (see there for further descendants)


karne

Samoyedic:

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: хӑрна (xărna)

Proto-Permic: *ku̇rniš

Komi-Permyak: кырныш (kyrnyš)

Komi-Zyrian: кырныш (kyrnyš)

Proto-Mordvinic:

Erzya: кренч (kŕenč)

Moksha: кранч (kranč), *krandəš

Proto-Finnic: *karnëh (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kārënës (see there for further descendants)


lome

Proto-Samoyedic: *jom (“to snow”)

Nganasan: дӱмудя (ďümuďa)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ёмзесь (jomćeś)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: чо́мгу

Ugric:

? Hungarian: (dialectal) lom (“rime”)

Proto-Permic: *lu̇m (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *lŭm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *lovə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *lomë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *lumi (see there for further descendants)


jase

Proto-Samoyedic: *jat

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Tym Selkup: [script needed] (ťāt)

Proto-Permic:

Udmurt: юз (juz)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: юж (juž)

Western Mari: йож (jož)

Proto-Samic: *joasō (see there for further descendants)


wete

Proto-Samoyedic: *wet (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: víz

Proto-Mansi:

Northern Mansi: вит (wit)

Eastern Mansi: вить (witʹ)

Proto-Permic: *vå (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *wü̆t (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *veď

Erzya: ведь (veď)

Moksha: ведь (veď)

Proto-Samic: *vëcë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *veci (see there for further descendants)

Possibly connected with Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥ (“water”) and *wed- in some way. Variants of the Nostratic and Indo-Uralic theories (neither of which is widely accepted) propose common descent, while Koivulehto has proposed that the Uralic term is a borrowing from Indo-European, replacing Proto-Uralic *śäčä everywhere but in some of the northern fringes of the family (most prominently Proto-Samic *čācē). Aikio however reconstructs the original meaning of *śäčä as "flood", making this less likely. EVE makes no mention of an Indo-European connection for the Uralic word.


ulke

Ugric:

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (āβlȧ)

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (ŏχəᴧ)

Proto-Permic: *u̇l

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: ыв (yv), ыы (yy) (dialectal)

Proto-Mordvinic: *olgə

Moksha: олга (olga)

Proto-Samic: *(h)olkë (see there for further descendants)

→ Finnish: ulku


tamme

⇒ Proto-Permic: *tupu (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *tumə

Eastern Mari: тумо (tumo)

Western Mari: тум (tum)

Proto-Mordvinic: *tumə

Erzya: тумо (tumo)

Moksha: тума (tuma)

Proto-Finnic: *tammi (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from a substrate language.


tulka

Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: то (tō)

Proto-Selkup: *tū

Northern Selkup: ту (tu)

Mator: ту

Ugric:

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: товыл (towyl, “wing”)

desc

Central Mansi: [script needed] (towl, “wing”)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (tōl, “wing”)

Hungarian: toll

Proto-Mordvinic: *tolga

Erzya: толга (tolga)

Moksha: толга (tolga)

Proto-Samic: *tolkē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sulka (see there for further descendants)


kurke

Proto-Samoyedic: *kərö, ? *kurə

Enets:

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (kori)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: каӆӆю (kaŕŕʉ)

Tundra Nenets: харё (xaryo)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (qărá)

Kamassian: [script needed] (kuro)

Mator: [script needed] (koru), [script needed] (körüh)

Proto-Finnic: *kurki (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kargə

Erzya: карго (kargo)

Moksha: карга (karga)

Proto-Samic: *kuorkë (see there for further descendants)

Likely onomatopoetic, though words of similar shape are found in numerous other languages of Eurasia: compare e.g. Akkadian 𒆳𒄄𒄷 (kurku), Sumerian 𒆳𒄄𒄷 (kurki), Proto-Indo-European *gerh₂-.


kume

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: хавˮ (xaw)

Ugric:

Hungarian: hó

Perhaps related to Omok ку (ku, “snow”), either via Proto-Yukaghir or a Uralic descendant.


pilwe

Ugric:

Hungarian: felhő, felleg

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (pĕləŋ)

Northern Khanty: пӑԓәӈ (păłəṇ)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (pĕtəŋ)

Proto-Permic: *pil (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *pĭl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *peľ

Erzya: пель (peľ)

Moksha: пеель (pejeľ)

Proto-Samic: *pëlvë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pilvi (see there for further descendants)


poske

Proto-Samoyedic: *påtə

Enets: /fāru/, /faede/

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: паду (padu)

Nganasan: хотуо (xotuo)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: путыл (putyl)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: пу́дал

Ugric:

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (pāt) (Lower Konda)

Northern Mansi: па̄йт (pājt) (Sosva)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (pē̮t) (Vagil)

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (pŏχəʌma) (Kazym)

Proto-Finnic: *poski (see there for further descendants)


küńele

Proto-Samoyedic: *kəńələ

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: хӑя̆л (χəjəl)

Ugric:

Hungarian: könny

Permic:

Udmurt: синкыли (śinkyľi)

Proto-Samic: *këńël (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *küünel (see there for further descendants)

Possibly related to *kuńa- (“to close eyes”), though the derivational relationship is obscure.


suŋe

Samoyedic

Nganasan: тәӈәә (təŋəə)

Enets:

Forest Enets: то

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: таʼ (tah)

Proto-Selkup: *taŋə

Northern Selkup: таӈы (taŋy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: та́ыт

Upper Ob: тахх

Ugric:

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: тув (tuw)

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: ԓўӈ (łŭṇ)

Eastern Khanty: ԓө̆ӈ (łø̆ṇ)

Proto-Samic: *sëŋëtēk, *sëŋës (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *suvi (see there for further descendants)


sukse

Proto-Samoyedic: *tutə

Nganasan: тутә (tutə)

Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (jŏγ)

Northern Khanty: лөх (løh)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (tŏχ)

Mansi:

Central Mansi: товт (towt)

Proto-Mordvinic: *soks

Erzya: сокс (soks)

Moksha: сокс (soks)

Proto-Finnic: *suksi (see there for further descendants)


śilmä

Proto-Samoyedic: *səjmä (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: szem

Proto-Mansi: *šäm

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (šäm)

Northern Mansi: сам (sam)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (šäm)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (šäm)

Proto-Khanty: *säm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Permic: *śin (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *šĭńća (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śeľmə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *čëlmē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *silmä (see there for further descendants)


wäŋew

Proto-Samoyedic: *wiŋü

Nganasan: биӈи (biŋi)

Enets:

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (bii)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: вий (ẃīj)

Tundra Nenets: ий (yiy°)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (kwenä)

Mator: [script needed] (миюг)

Kamass-Koibal:

Kamassian: [script needed] (malmi)

Koibal: [script needed] (maŋmə)

Ugric:

Hungarian: vő

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: воӈ (woṇ), вөӈ (wøṇ)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (weŋ)

Proto-Mari: *wiŋə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *oŋ

Erzya: ов (ov)

Moksha: ов (ov)

Proto-Finnic: *vävü (see there for further descendants)

→ ? Samic: *vivë


mińä

Proto-Samoyedic: *mäńä

Nganasan: [script needed] (meai)

Enets:

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (mê)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: мея (myeya)

Kamassian: [script needed] (mêji)

Mator: [script needed] (мае)

Ugric:

Hungarian: meny

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (meń)

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (meń)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (meń)

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: мӓнь (mänʹ)

Northern Mansi: мань (manʹ)

Southern Mansi: минь (minʹ)

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: монь (moń)

Komi-Zyrian: монь (moń)

Udmurt: мень (meń)

Proto-Samic: *mëńē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *minijä (see there for further descendants)


päjwä

Proto-Samoyedic: *päjwä

Nganasan: хейбытоны (heibytony, “in hot weather”)

Selkup:

⇒ Northern Selkup: пётпа (pjotpa)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: пӧ́тпа

Upper Ob: пiо

Proto-Permic: *bi

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: ? би (bi, “fire”)

Komi-Permyak: ? би (bi, “fire”)

>? Mordvinic:

>? Erzya: -пай (-paj) in чипай (čipaj, “sun”)

Proto-Samic: *peajvē (“sun, day”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *päivä (“sun, day”) (see there for further descendants)

*päje + *-wä. The derivatives may have been formed independently in Samoyedic and in Finnic and Samic, given the divergent meanings.


kuńśe

table
The noun's meaning of "ant" is likely derived from the meaning "urine". Compare the semantics of English pissmire (“ant”) and the ant-related history of Sanskrit मधुमेह (madhumēha "mead-urine"). Possibly related to Southern Yukaghir оожии (ōžī).


kuńśe

Ugric:

Hungarian: húgy

Proto-Mansi: *kuunćV

Proto-Khanty: *kåås

Northern Khanty: хөс (høs)

Proto-Permic: *kȯʒ́il (see there for further descendants)


ëpte

Proto-Samoyedic: *ëptə

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ӈэбт (ŋebt°)

Nganasan: ӈабтә (ŋabtə)

Ugric:

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ат (at)

Proto-Mari: *üp (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *vuoptë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *hapci (see there for further descendants)


keččä

Ugric:

Hungarian: kégy (“stadium, racecourse, landmark”)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: кӫтш (kø̈tš)

Khanty:

Northern Mansi: кис (kis)

Permic:

Komi-Zyrian: кыч (kyć)

Udmurt: кыч (kyć), кыш (kyš)

Proto-Samic: *kiesëtēk

Northern Sami: giessat

Proto-Finnic: *kehä

Finnish: kehä

Mari:

Eastern Mari: кече (keče, “sun”)

Western Mari: кечӹ (kečÿ, “sun”)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kəči~*kičə

Erzya: чи (či, “sun, day”), (dialectal) че (če)

Moksha: ши (ši, “sun, day”)


śüdäme

Proto-Samoyedic: *säjə (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: szív

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: сым (sym)

Proto-Permic: *śȯlem (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *šü̆m (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śeďəj (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *čëδēm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *südän (see there for further descendants)

According to Kümmel suffixed with *-me and related (within the contested Indo-Uralic theory) to Proto-Indo-European *ḱérd. This has been disputed by Holopainen.


padɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: fal (“wall”)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (păl)

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (păl)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (păt)

Proto-Samic: *puoδō (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pato

Finnish: pato


warᴈ

Proto-Samoyedic: *wårä (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: varjú

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (urŋi̮)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (ūrin)

Proto-Mordvinic: *varśəj

Erzya: варсей (varśej), варака (varaka)

Moksha: варси (varśi)

Proto-Samic: *vuorëč, *vuorëčēs

Proto-Finnic: *varis


pukta-

Ugric:

Hungarian: fut

Mari:

Eastern Mari: покташ (poktaš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *puvtams (“to wake up, awake”)

Erzya: пувтамс (puvtams)

Proto-Samic: *poktētēk (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *puktëk (see there for further descendants)


towke

Ugric:

Hungarian: tavasz

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (toγ), [script needed] (toγi̮)

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (tɔw), тови (towi) (Kazym), [script needed] (tăwi) (Obdorsk)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (tȧwə)

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (tūjə) (Upper Konda)

Northern Mansi: тӯя (tūâ)

⇒ Southern Mansi: [script needed] (to̰j-poŋ)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (tūjə) (Pelym)

Proto-Permic: *tulis (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *tundə < *tuvə-ndə

Erzya: тундо (tundo)

Moksha: тунда (tunda)

Proto-Finnic: *touko (“seedtime”) (see there for further descendants)


śečä

Proto-Samoyedic: *čečä

Nganasan: тытыда (tɨtɨda)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тидя (tyidya)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (če̮džəga)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ҷыҗыга́

Upper Ob: тидя (tidja)

Ugric:

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (šäš)

Northern Mansi: сасыг (sasyg)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (šäš)

Proto-Permic: *čɔž

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: чож (ćož)

Komi-Zyrian: чож (ćož)

Udmurt: ӵуж (čuž)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: чӹчӹ (čÿčÿ)

Western Mari: чӱчӧ (čüčö)

Proto-Mordvinic: *čəčə, *čičə

Erzya: чиче (čiče), шиче (šiče)

Moksha: щене (ščeńe), щятя (ščaťa, “maternal grandfather”), щава (ščava, “maternal grandmother”), щака (ščaka, “aunt”)

Proto-Samic: *čeacē (“paternal uncle”)

Proto-Finnic: *setä (“paternal uncle”)


üje

Ugric:

Hungarian: éj

Proto-Permic: *öj (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *vej (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *ijë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *öö (see there for further descendants)


jäŋe

Ugric:

Hungarian: jég

Proto-Mansi:

Northern Mansi: я̄ӈк (â̄ňk)

Eastern Mansi: янгк (ângk)

Proto-Khanty: *jiŋk (“water”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Permic: *jȯ (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: и (i)

Western Mari: ий (ij)

Proto-Mordvinic: *jäj~*jäŋ

Erzya: эй (ej)

Moksha: эй (ej)

Proto-Samic: *jieŋë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *jää (see there for further descendants)

One of the words attested only in the traditional Finno-Ugric group; contrast Proto-Samoyedic *sër.


käte

Ugric:

Hungarian: kéz

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: кӧт (köt)

Southern Khanty: кет (kjet)

Proto-Mansi: *kǟt

Eastern Mansi: кӧӓт (köät)

Northern Mansi: ка̄т (kāt)

Southern Mansi: кӓ̄т (kǟt)

Proto-Permic: *ki (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *kit (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *käď (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kietë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *käci (see there for further descendants)

One of the words reflected only within the traditionally assumed Finno-Ugric subgroup. Samoyedic *utå however appears to be an innovation: in inherited vocabulary *u shifts to *ə before following original *-a, compare e.g. *kupsa-, *muďa, *muna, *puna-.


äjmä

Proto-Samoyedic: *ejmä

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: нӣбя (nyībya)

Enets:

Forest Enets: нээ

Nganasan: неймы (njejmɨ)

Kamassian: ниими (niimi)

Koibal: неме

Mator: име̄

Proto-Permic: *em (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *imə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *äimä (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *ājmē (see there for further descendants)


käle

Proto-Samoyedic: *käəj (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: кӧԓ (köł)

Northern Khanty: кеӆ

Proto-Permic: *ku̇l (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *keľ~*käľ

Erzya: кель (keľ)

Moksha: кяль (käľ)

Proto-Samic: *kielë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *keeli (see there for further descendants)


mëksa

Proto-Samoyedic: *mïtə

Nganasan:

Enets:

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (muro)

Forest Enets: муз

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: мыд (mid°)

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (mi̮t)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: мыты (myty)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: мыд (myd)

Upper Ob: мид (mid)

Kamassian: мыт (mi̭t)

Ugric:

Hungarian: máj

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ма̄йт (mājt) (Sosva)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: мугәл (mugəl)

Northern Khanty: мөгәԓ (møgəł), мӑгәл (măgəl)

Proto-Permic: *mus (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: мокш (mokš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *maksə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *muoksē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *maksa (see there for further descendants)


šiŋere

Ugric:

Hungarian: egér

Proto-Mansi: *täŋkər

Eastern Mansi: тӓӈкер (täňker)

Northern Mansi: таӈкер (taňker)

Southern Mansi: тӓӈкер (täňker)

Western Mansi: тӓӈкер (täňker)

Proto-Khanty: *ɬä̆ŋkər (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Permic: *šu̇r (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *čejəŕ~*šejəŕ

Erzya: чеерь (čejeŕ)

Moksha: шеер (šejer)

Proto-Finnic: *hiiri (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic:

Southern Sami: snjeara

Northern Sami: šnjierra

→? Norwegian Nynorsk: skjerel m (dialectal)

→? Jamtish: tjervel m

→ Proto-Tungusic: *siŋere

Evenki: сиңэрэкэн

Evenki: сиңэрэкэн

Nanai: сиӈэрэ (siŋere)

Manchu: ᠰᡳᠩᡤᡝᡵᡳ (singgeri)


waje

Ugric:

Hungarian: vaj

Proto-Mansi: *waaj

Northern Mansi: во̄й (wōj)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (wāj)

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (vuoj)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (wāj)

Proto-Khanty: *wooj

Eastern Khanty: вой (woj)

Northern Khanty: вӑй (wăj)

Proto-Permic: *vȯj (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *ü (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *vaj (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *vuojë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *voi (see there for further descendants)

Attested only in the traditional Finno-Ugric group. No contrasting Proto-Samoyedic word for 'butter' is known either, however. A loan etymology from Indo-Iranian has been proposed (compare Sanskrit आज्य (ājya, “melted butter for oblation”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃engʷ-), but this runs into phonetic difficulties.


wosa

Ugric

Proto-Mansi: *wī̮tā-

desc

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (wāta-χum)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (wɛ̮tā)

Proto-Permic: *vuz

⇒ Proto-Mari: *wŭžale-

Eastern Mari: ужалаш (užalaš)

Western Mari: выжалаш (vyžalaš)

Proto-Samic: *oasēs (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *ostadak (see there for further descendants)

An old loanword from Proto-Indo-European *wes-ó-s, possibly via Proto-Indo-Iranian *wasás.


adema

Ugric:

Hungarian: álom

Proto-Mansi: *ūlmǝ

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: аләм (aləm, “sleep”), уләм (uləm, “dream”)

Proto-Permic: *on (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *omə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *udǝmǝ

Erzya: удома (udoma)

Moksha: удома (udoma)

A derivative of *ade- (“to sleep”) + *-ma. Sammallahti (1988) reconstructs a separate root *alma. Aikio (2020) reconstructs a form *adma. Both Sammallahti and Aikio exclude the Mordvinic descendants.


tälwä

Ugric:

Hungarian: tél

Proto-Khanty: *tilǝɣ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mansi: *tǟl

Northern Mansi: та̄л (tāl)

Proto-Permic: *tɔ̇l (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Western Mari: тел (tel)

Eastern Mari: теле (teĺe)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ťäľə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *tālvē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *talvi (see there for further descendants)


künče

Proto-Samoyedic: *kətå (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: köröm

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: кӫңч (kø̈ṇč)

Northern Khanty: кус (kus), кўш (kŭš)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: кос (kos)

Proto-Permic: *gu̇ž (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *kü̆č (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kenžə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *këncë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *künci (see there for further descendants)

Possibly related to Proto-Yukaghir *önčʼ- (“nail, claw”).


pälä

Proto-Samoyedic: *pälä

Nganasan: хелы (xjelɨ)

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (ferie)

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (fere)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: пеԯя (pyeԯya)

Tundra Nenets: пеля (pyelya)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (päl)

Kamassian: [script needed] (pʰiil)

Mator: холя

Ugric:

Hungarian: fél

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (peḷək)

Northern Khanty: пеләк (pjelək)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: па̄л (pāl)

Proto-Permic: *pɔ̇l

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: пӧв (pöv)

Komi-Zyrian: пӧв (pöv)

Udmurt: пал (pal)

Mari:

Western Mari: пелӹ (pelÿ)

Eastern Mari: пел (pel)

Mordvinic:

Proto-Mordvinic: *päľə, *päľ (“half”)

Erzya: пеле (peľe), пель (peľ)

Moksha: пяле (päľe), пяль (päľ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pola (“spouse; part”)

Erzya: пола (pola)

Moksha: пола (pola)

Proto-Samic: *pealē (irregular) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pooli (see there for further descendants)


ďëme

Proto-Samoyedic: *jëm

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (ćē̮m)

Kamassian: [script needed] (lem)

Ugric:

Hungarian: ? gyimbor (“mistletoe”)

Proto-Khanty: *jɔ̄m

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (jɔm)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (jum)

Proto-Mansi: *ľï̄m

Northern Mansi: ля̄мйив (lâ̄mjiw)

Proto-Permic: *ľȯm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *lombə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *lam~*lom

Erzya: лёмзёр (ľomźor), лём (ľom)

Moksha: лайме (lajme)

Proto-Finnic: *toomi (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *δuomë (see there for further descendants)


sëne

Proto-Samoyedic: *cën

Nganasan: таӈ (taŋ)

Enets:

Forest Enets: ты(н)

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (ti)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: тэ̇ʼ (tėh)

Proto-Selkup: *čën (see there for further descendants)

Kamassian: тен (ten)

Mator: тень

Ugric:

Hungarian: ín

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: лан (lan)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: та̄н (tān)

Proto-Permic: *sȯn (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *sün (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *san (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *suonë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sooni (see there for further descendants)

Possibly akin to Proto-Indo-European *snḗh₁wr̥ (“sinew”).


muďa

Proto-Samoyedic: *məjå

Nganasan: моу (mou)

Proto-Selkup: *maťə

Northern Selkup: мачы (maćy, “forest; steep bank, ravine”), (dialectal) мачь (maćj, “forest; taiga”)

Southern Selkup:

Ket: мати, матьти (“forest; taiga”)

Narym: маҗь (“forest, coniferous forest; taiga”)

Upper Ob: маде (“taiga; continent”)

Kamassian: [script needed] (mija, “mountain”)

Mator: [script needed] (bijä, “mountain”)

Proto-Mordvinic: *moda

Erzya: мода (moda)

Moksha: мода (moda)

Proto-Samic: *moδē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *muta (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Germanic: *muda-, *muþa-; *mudra-, *muþra- (possibly)

English: mud

Dutch: modder

The Samic-Finnic-Mordvinic words have previously been considered possible loanwords from Germanic, but Aikio (2002) argues that since regular counterparts in Samoyedic can be found, while the Germanic word lacks a good Indo-European etymology, the direction of loaning is likely to have rather been Uralic → Germanic.


säppä

Ugric:

Hungarian: epe

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: та̄п (tāp)

Southern Mansi: тӓ̄п (tǟp)

Proto-Permic: *säp (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *säpə

Erzya: сэпе (sepe)

Moksha: сепе (śepe)

Proto-Samic: *sāppē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sappi (see there for further descendants)


towe

Proto-Samoyedic: *to

Nganasan: турку (turku)

Enets:

Forest Enets: то

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (to)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (tō)

Tundra Nenets: то (tō)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: то (to)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: то̄

Upper Ob: то

Kamassian: тху (tʰu)

Mator: тоа

Ugric:

Hungarian: tó

Mansi:

Southern Mansi: то̄ (tō)

Khanty: *toɣ

Eastern Khanty: төг (tøg)

Northern Khanty: тув (tuw)

Proto-Permic: *tu̇

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: ты (ty)

Komi-Zyrian: ты (ty)

Udmurt: ты (ty)


wülä

Proto-Permic: *vu̇l

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: выв (vyv)

Komi-Zyrian: выв (vyv)

Udmurt: выл (vyl)

Mari:

⇒ Western Mari: вӹлӓн (vÿlän)

Proto-Mordvinic: *veľə

Erzya: вель- (veľ-)

Moksha: вель- (veľ-)

Proto-Samic: *ëlē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *ülä (see there for further descendants)


ńële

Proto-Samoyedic: *ńëj (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *ńāl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mansi: *ńī̮l (see there for further descendants)

Hungarian: nyíl

Proto-Permic: *ńȯl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *nülə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *nal (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *ńuolë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *nooli (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared with Proto-Tungusic *ńure (“arrow”) (whence Manchu ᠨᡳᡵᡠ (niru)).


ëppe

Ugric:

Hungarian: ipa, ? apa

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: уп (up)

Northern Khanty: уп (up)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (üp)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: уп (up)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (apā)

Mari:

Western Mari: овы (ovy)

Eastern Mari: ово (ovo)

Proto-Samic: *vuoppë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *appi (see there for further descendants)

father-in-law (likely wife's father, as per Mansi and Khanty)


ojwa

Proto-Samoyedic: *åjwå

Nganasan: ӈойбоа (ŋojbᵘa)

Enets:

Forest Enets: эба (eba)

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (abuři)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ӈэва (ŋewa)

Mator: айбай (“first, chief”)

Proto-Mari: *wuj (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ujvťəms

Moksha: уйфтемс (ujfťems)

Proto-Samic: *oajvē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *oiva (see there for further descendants)


peljä

Ugric:

Hungarian: fül

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: пәԓ (pəł)

Northern Khanty: пӑԓ (păł)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (pĕt)

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: пяля (pâlâ)

Northern Mansi: паль (palʹ)

Southern Mansi: пиԉ

Proto-Permic: *pɛľ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *pĭləkš (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *piľə

Erzya: пиле (piľe)

Moksha: пиле (piľe)

Proto-Samic: *pealjē (see there for further descendants)

Has sometimes considered to be a derivative of Proto-Uralic *peele (“side”). According to current knowledge, this is however to be reconstructed as Proto-Uralic *päle (from which Proto-Finnic *peeli), in which light a connection seems less likely.


ďümä

Proto-Samoyedic: *jimä

Nganasan: дими (ďimi)

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (jī)

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (ie)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ибя (yibya)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (čimy)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: чив, чев

Upper Ob: теу

Kamassian: [script needed] (nəmə)

Koibal: ниме

Mator: ниме

Permic:

Proto-Permic: *lʹem

Komi-Permyak: лемӧтны (ľemötny, “to append”)

Komi-Zyrian: лем (ľem)

Udmurt: лем (ľem)

Mari:

Proto-Mari: *lü̆mə

Eastern Mari: лӱмӧ (lümö)

Western Mari:

Proto-Samic: *δëmē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *tümä (see there for further descendants)


suwďa

Proto-Samoyedic: *təjå

Mator: [script needed] (тая-)

Ugric:

Hungarian: ujj

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: ёй (joj, “finger”), луй (luj, “thimble”), юй (juj, “thimble”)

Northern Khanty: луй (luj)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (tüj)

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (toľə)

Northern Mansi: туля (tulâ)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (toľā)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (tuľə)

Proto-Samic: *čuvδē


süle

Proto-Samoyedic: *tij, *tijmä

Nganasan: [script needed] (ťīmi)

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (ťībe)

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (ťīe)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: тибя (ťib́a)

Tundra Nenets:

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Upper Ob: тии

Mator: [script needed] (тимя)

Ugric:

Hungarian: öl

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (täl)

Northern Mansi: тал (tal)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (täl)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (täl)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: лӫл (lø̈l)

Northern Khanty: лӑл (lăl)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (tĕt)

Proto-Permic: *su̇l (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *sü̆lə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *seľ

Erzya: сэль (seľ)

Moksha: сель (śeľ)

Proto-Samic: *sëlë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *süli (see there for further descendants)


mërja

Mari: *mür

Eastern Mari: мӧр (mör)

Western Mari: мӧр (mör)

Proto-Mordvinic: *maŕ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *muorjē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *marja (see there for further descendants)


počaw

Proto-Permic: *pᴕ̈ǯ (see there for further descendants)

Mari

Eastern Mari: пӱчӧ (püčö)

Western Mari: пучы (pučy)

Proto-Samic: *poacōj (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→? Finnish: poro (or inherited from *počaw and later reshaped)
→ Estonian: poro

Borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *páću, from Proto-Indo-European *péḱu (“cattle”). Only found in the Finno-Permic languages, and likely borrowed after the breakup of Proto-Uralic proper: a parallel loan *peečəɣ is found in the Ob-Ugric languages, which was likely adopted already before the Indo-Iranian sound change *e > *a.


jäwrä

Mari:

Eastern Mari: ер (jer)

Western Mari: йӓр (jär)

Proto-Mordvinic: *jäŕ-kə

Erzya: эрьке (eŕke)

Moksha: эрьхке (eŕhke)

Proto-Samic: *jāvrē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *järvi, *jarvi (see there for further descendants)

Probably a borrowing either from Proto-Balto-Slavic *jáuˀrāˀ (compare Lithuanian jáura (“marshland, bog”)), or from earlier Proto-Indo-European *yewHr-. Found only within the traditional Finno-Volgaic group. The word may have replaced *towe, reflected in the more Eastern languages.


mäkte

Proto-Samoyedic: *mektə

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (ḿet)

desc

Kamassian: [script needed] (mekte, bäkte)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (mäkte)

Southern Selkup:

Tym: [script needed] (mekte)

Ket: [script needed] (mäktə)

Proto-Samic: *miektë (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *mät'äs (see there for further descendants)


śuwe

Proto-Samoyedic: *soj-, *so

Ugric:

Hungarian: száj

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: сӯп (sūp)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: шу (šu)

Western Mari: [script needed] (-šu)

Proto-Finnic: *suu (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *čontëk (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Indo-European: *sewk- (“to suck; juice”)

>? Latin: sūcus (“juice”)

>? Proto-Slavic: *sъsàti (“to suck”)

>? Proto-Germanic: *sūkaną (“to suck, suckle”)

>? Welsh: sugno (“to suck”)


ićä

Proto-Samoyedic: *ejsä

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: нӣся (nyīsya)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: аҗӓ́

Upper Ob: атя (“daddy”), эз

Ugric:

Hungarian: ős

Proto-Khanty: *ǟćǝj

Northern Khanty: ащи (asji)

Proto-Mari: *ĭća (see there for further descendants)

>? Mordvinic:

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *oćä

>? Moksha: оця (oća, “father's [older] brother”)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *oćəv

>? Moksha: оцю (oću, “big”)

Proto-Samic: *ëčē, *eačē, *ičē, *āččē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *icä (see there for further descendants)

Perhaps some way related to Proto-Yukaghir *eče:.


śoďa

Proto-Samoyedic: *såjə- (“to wage war”)

Nganasan: соуру (souru, “warrior”)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: саюв (sayuw°), сайнорць (saynorcʹ°), саюдӑрць (sayudărcʹ°)

Ugric:

>? Hungarian: szid (“to scold”)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: шудалаш (šudalaš, “to curse”), шудыш (šudyš, “curse”)

Western Mari:

Proto-Mordvinic: *śudəms (“to curse”)

Erzya: сюдомс (śudoms)

Moksha: сюдомс (śudoms)

>? Proto-Samic: *čuδē (“enemy, persecutor”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sota (“war”) (see there for further descendants)


säŋe

Ugric:

Hungarian: ég

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: сынӧд (synöd)

Proto-Finnic: *sää (“weather”) (see there for further descendants)


joŋse

Proto-Samoyedic: *jïntə (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: íj, ív

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: йогәл (jogəl)

Northern Khanty: йогәл (jogəl)

Southern Khanty: йохәт (johət)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ё̄вт (ë̄wt)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (jäwt), [script needed] (jawt)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (jaɣt)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: йоҥеж (joŋež)

Western Mari: янгеж (jangež)

Proto-Mordvinic: *joŋs (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *juoksë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *jousi (see there for further descendants)


sükśe

Ugric:

Hungarian: ősz

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: сўс (sŭs)

Eastern Khanty: сӱӽәс (süḥəs)

Proto-Mansi: *tü̆kəs (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Permic: *siźil (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *šĭžə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *sokśə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *čëkčë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *süksü, *süküsü (see there for further descendants)

One of the words limited to the traditional Finno-Ugric group. Contrast Proto-Samoyedic *ërö (“autumn”) (from Proto-Uralic *ëde (“year”)).


pije

Proto-Samoyedic: *pəj

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: пӱ̄, пӧ̄

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: пэ (pe)

Mator: ӷиля

q

~ + <i class="Latn mention" lang="urj-pro">*kiwe</i>

Proto-Finnic: *piikivi (~ + *kiwe) (see there for further descendants)

Finnish: piikivi

Possibly related to Proto-Yukaghir *pe:.


ńoma

Proto-Samoyedic: *ńåmå (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyúl

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Yazva: нимөл (ńimål)

Proto-Mordvinic: *numələ

Erzya: нумоло (numolo)

Moksha: нумол (numol)

Proto-Samic: *ńoamēlē (see there for further descendants)

Janhunen (1981) suggests derivation as from *ńoxe- (“to pursue”) + *-ma. Possibly some way related to Omok нема (nema).
All reflexes outside Samoyedic indicate a further suffixed form *ńoma + *-la.


śarwe

Proto-Finnic: *sarvi (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *šur (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śurə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Permic: *śur (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *čoarvē (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: szarv

Most likely borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥Hwás (“horn”). Ob-Ugric reflexes meaning “bull elk” have sometimes been included, but they may also be separate loans from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHabʰás (“horned animal”), cf. Sanskrit शरभ (śarabhá). May have replaced *aŋte (“horn”) in all European branches, unless this is an areal Siberian term.


kečɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: kés

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: касай (kasaj)

Eastern Mansi: ка̄си (kāsi)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: кӧҷәӽ (köč̣əḥ)

Northern Khanty: кэши (keši)

Proto-Mari: *kü̆ćə (see there for further descendants)


kojera

desc

Proto-Samoyedic: *korå (“reindeer bull”) (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: ? here (“testicle; drone”), herél (“to castrate”)

Proto-Mansi: *ke̮e̮r (“male animal”)

Northern Mansi: ха̄р (hār)

Proto-Khanty: *kaar (“reindeer bull”)

Eastern Khanty: кар (kar)

Northern Khanty: хар (har)

Proto-Permic: *ku̇r (“male animal”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *koira (“male dog”), *koiras (“male”) (see there for further descendants)


pojka

Ugric:

Hungarian: fia, fiú

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: пыг (pyg)

Eastern Mansi: пув (puw)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: пӑг (păg)

Proto-Permic: *pi (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: пӱерге (püjerge)

Western Mari: пӱергы (püjergy)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pujə~*pijə

Erzya: буё (bujo), пиё (pijo)

Proto-Finnic: *poika (see there for further descendants); ? *poju (> Finnish poju)

Not attested in Samoyedic, but no other Proto-Samoyedic term for 'boy' or 'son' is known either.
Sammallahti (1988) suggests derivation from a shorter stem *poje.


kopta

Proto-Finnic: *kokta


śüde

Proto-Samoyedic: *sijə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Ugric: *sü̆ďĭ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *šü (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śeďə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *čëδë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *süci (see there for further descendants)


polwe

Samoyedic

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: пулы (puli)

Selkup:

>? Southern Selkup:

Narym: пула́й, пулхай

Upper Ob: пулсэй

Proto-Mordvinic: *pəl-

Erzya: кумажа (kumaža), куманжа (kumanža), пуляза (puľaza)

Moksha: пълманжа (pəlmanža)

Proto-Samic: *puolvë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *polvi (see there for further descendants)


pajiw

Ugric:

Hungarian: fagyal

Proto-Permic: *baď (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *paju (see there for further descendants)


śëme

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *sï̄m

Proto-Khanty: *sām

Proto-Permic: *śȯm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *šüm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śav

Erzya: сяв (śav)

Moksha: сяв (śav)

Proto-Finnic: *soomu (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *čuomë (see there for further descendants)


śüklä

Ugric:

Hungarian: süly

Proto-Mari: *šĭgəľə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śiľgə~*ćiľgə

Erzya: сильге (śiľge)

Moksha: цильге (ćiľge)

Proto-Samic: *čivlē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *süklä (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared with Proto-Turkic *sögil (whence Kumyk сюел (süyel)); possibly a Wanderwort.


aśkele

Proto-Samoyedic: *asǝ̑l-

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: асылӄа (asylqa)

Proto-Ugric:

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (ūsəl)

Northern Mansi: ӯсыл (ūsyl)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (ūšəl)

Proto-Permic: *ośkäl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *åškəl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *äśkəlks

Erzya: эскелькс (eskeľks)

Moksha: аськолкс (aśkolks)

Proto-Finnic: *askël (see there for further descendants)


kowse

Proto-Samoyedic: *kåət

Nganasan: коˮ (koʔ)

Ugric:

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: хо̄вт (hōwt)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: кол (kol)

Northern Khanty: хол (hol)

Proto-Permic: *kȯz (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: кож (kož)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kuz (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kuosë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kuusi (see there for further descendants)


kälew

Proto-Permic: *kɛl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic:

Erzya: кияло (kijalo)

Moksha: кел (kel)

Proto-Samic: *kālōjeannē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kälü (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared with Proto-Indo-European *ǵh₂lōws and Proto-Turkic *kẹlin; possibly a Wanderwort.


waśke

Proto-Samoyedic: *wäsä

Proto-Selkup: *kwësə (see there for further descendants)

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: еся (yesya)

Proto-Ugric: *waś

Hungarian: vas (“iron”)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: вӑӽ (wăḥ, “iron”) (Surgut)

Proto-Mordvinic: *uśkə

Erzya: уське (uśke)

Proto-Samic: *veaškē (< *wäśkä)

Proto-Finnic: *vaski (“copper, bronze”) (see there for further descendants)

May be borrowed from (Pre-)Proto-Tocharian *wi̯äsā (“gold”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews-.


kije

Proto-Samoyedic:

Proto-Selkup: *śǖ

Northern Selkup: щӱ (śü)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шӱ

Upper Ob: сii

Ugric:

Hungarian: kígyó

Proto-Permic: *kij (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Mari: *kĭškə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kuj

Erzya: гуй (guj)

Moksha: куй (kuj)

Proto-Finnic: *küü (see there for further descendants)


kojwa

Proto-Samoyedic: *koəj

Nganasan: күо (küo)

Tundra Enets: ко (ko)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: хо (xo)

Proto-Selkup: *k͔üə

Northern Selkup: ӄя (qja)

Southern Selkup:

Narym: кве

Kamassian: койӱ (kojü)

Mator: ку

Ugric:

Hungarian: hajó (“ship”)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ха̄ль (hālʹ)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: куэ (kue)

Western Mari: куги (kugi)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kij-~*kuj-

Erzya: килей (kiľej)

Moksha: келу (kelu)

Proto-Finnic: *koivu (see there for further descendants)


kule-

Ugric:

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: хӯлуӈкве (hūluňkwe)

Hungarian: ? hall (if not from *kuntele-)

Proto-Permic: *ku̇lni (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kuľəms

Erzya: кулямс (kuľams)

Moksha: кулемс (kuľems)

Proto-Finnic: *kuuldak (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kulëtēk (see there for further descendants)


śilä

Samoyedic:

Nganasan: [script needed] (séla, “melted fat (from fish)”)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (siilè, “fat”), [script needed] (siileng, “fat”)

Kamassian: [script needed] (śəl) [script needed] (śil, “fat, tallow”), (Koibal) [script needed] (syl, “fat”)

Ugric:

Mansi:

Central Mansi: [script needed] (šilt, “bear fat”)

Finnic:

Finnish: silava


wëre

Ugric

Hungarian: ? orr (“nose”), orom (“promontory”)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ур (ur)

Proto-Permic: *vȯr (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *voori (see there for further descendants)


üwä

Proto-Samoyedic:

Koibal: миня

Mator: мине

Ugric

Hungarian: öv

Proto-Finnic: *vöö (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *ëvē (see there for further descendants)


wäke

Proto-Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (wö̭γ)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (wāγ)

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: -ви (-vi)

Udmurt: -ви (-vi)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: вий (vij)

Western Mari: ви (vi)

Proto-Mordvinic: *väj ⇒ *vij

Erzya: вий (vij)

Moksha: вий (vij)

Proto-Samic: *viekë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *väki (see there for further descendants)


jänte

Proto-Samoyedic: *jentə

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ен (yen°)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: шынд

Upper Ob: кэддэ

Ugric:

Hungarian: ideg

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: я̄нтэв (â̄ntèw)

Proto-Finnic: *jändek (see there for further descendants)


nataw

Samoyedi:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: надо (nado)

Proto-Samic: *nuotōj

Southern Sami: nååte

Proto-Finnic: *nato (see there for further descendants)


ipsɜ

Proto-Samoyedic: *əptə

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ӈабт (ŋabt°)

Enets:

Forest Enets: от

Kamassian: пу'бту (pu'btu)

Proto-Mari: *üps (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Hungarian: íz

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ат (at)

Proto-Mordvinic: *opə-ś

Moksha: опось (opoś, “smell”)

Proto-Samic: *(h)ëpsētēk (see there for further descendants)


ńukśe

Proto-Samoyedic: *nokå

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: нохо (noxo)

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyuszt

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: нёхыс (nëhys, “sable”)

Proto-Khanty: *ńŏɣǝs (see there for further descendants)

Permic

Komi

Komi-Permyak: низь (ńiź)

Udmurt: низь (ńiź)

Proto-Finnic: *nuksi (see there for further descendants)


niŋä

Proto-Samoyedic: *ne

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: не (nye)

Forest Nenets: нē (nē)

Enets

Forest Enets: нэ

Proto-Selkup: *ne

Northern Selkup: нея (njeja)

Southern Selkup:

Tym: нэ

Ket: нэ

Nganasan: ны (nɨ)

Kamassian: не (ne)

Koibal: нэ

Mator: нэ

Ugric

Proto-Mansi: *nī

Northern Mansi: нэ̄ (nè̄)

Proto-Khanty: *nī

Northern Khanty: нє (nê) (Kazym), нэ (ne) (Middle Ob)

Eastern Khanty: ні (ni) (Vasyugan), нэ (ne) (Surgut), ни (ni) (Vakh)

Hungarian: nő

Proto-Mordvinic: *ńij

Erzya: ни (ńi)


utka

Proto-Samoyedic: *uət

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: ӈуˮ (ŋuq)

Forest Nenets: ӈут (ŋut)

Proto-Selkup: *uə̑tte

Southern Selkup:

Narym: ватт

Upper Ob: уатт

Ugric:

Hungarian: út


ënɜppe

Proto-Samoyedic: *ïnəpə

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ӈынаб (ŋinab)

Proto-Finnic: *anoppi (see there for further descendants)

Likely originally a compound with *ëppe (“father-in-law”) as the second member. The first member is not known as an independent word, but may be also reflected in Proto-Samic *vuonēm (“mother-in-law”) (perhaps from *ënɜ + *emä). In such a case, the word may originally have been a dvandva compound (mother-in-law + father-in-law to mean "In-law" in general).


aŋe

Proto-Samoyedic: *äŋ

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: няʼ (nyah)

Forest Nenets: няӈ (nyaŋ)

Nganasan: ӈаӈ (ŋaŋ)

Proto-Selkup: *āŋ

Southern Selkup:

Narym: аӄ, аӈ

Upper Ob: аанг

Ugric:

Hungarian: aj

Proto-Permic: *ȯm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *aŋ

Eastern Mari: аҥ (aŋ)

Western Mari: äнг (äng)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ovks, *oŋks

Erzya: оньксть (ońksť, “bit”)

Moksha: овкс (ovks)

Perhaps related to Proto-Yukaghir *aŋa (“mouth”).


künte

Proto-Samoyedic: *küntə

Nganasan: кинтә (kintə)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сюн (syun°)

Proto-Selkup: *s'ümtə

Southern Selkup:

Ket: сӱмдӭ

Mator: кюнду

Ugric:

Hungarian: köd

Proto-Permic: *ku̇d (see there for further descendants)


täwe

Samoyedic:

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тивакˮ (tiwāk)

Ugric:

Hungarian: tüdő

Proto-Permic: *tu̇

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: ты (ty)

Udmurt: ты (ty)

Proto-Mordvinic: *tevə-

Erzya: тевеляв (ťeveľav)

Moksha: тевлав (ťevlav)

Proto-Finnic: *tävü (see there for further descendants)


sejpä

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тэвӑ (tewă)

>? Proto-Samic: *seajpē (see there for further descendants)


śowja

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: тив (ťīv)

Proto-Samic: *čoavjē


lümpe

Ugric:

Hungarian: láb (alternatively from *luwe (“bone”))


śukke

Proto-Samoyedic: *sokə

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: сохо (sōχō)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: соӄ (“cape, promontory; island”)

Upper Ob: сок, сог (“cape, promontory;”)

Proto-Permic:

Komi-Permyak: чук (ćuk, “mountain top, small hill”) (Vym, Lower Vychega)

Proto-Samic: *čokkë


reŋe

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: лэё (l'ejo)

Ugric

Hungarian: révül


ńiŋe

Proto-Samoyedic:

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: нени (njeni)

Ugric

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ниӈк (niňk) (obsolete)

Hungarian: nyű


śaŋke

Ugric:

Hungarian: szag


lappɜ

Ugric

Hungarian: lapos

Permic

Komi

Komi-Zyrian: лоп (lop)

Proto-Mordvinic: *lapəža

Erzya: лапужа (lapuža)

Moksha: лапш (lapš)

Proto-Finnic: *lap'ëh


püŋe

Ugric:

Hungarian: fogoly

Proto-Mordvinic: *povə-

Erzya: пово (povo)

Moksha: повня (povńa)

Proto-Finnic: *püü (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *pëŋkōj (see there for further descendants)


nüde

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: нирˮ (ńīr')

Nganasan: нир (njir)

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyél

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: нал (nal)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ńeď

Erzya: недь (ńeď)

Moksha: недь (ńeď)

Proto-Samic: *nëδë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *nüci (see there for further descendants)


ńüre

Samoyedic

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: нерка (n'erkā)

Enets

Forest Enets: ны́га

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: нярӄы (njarqy)

Mator: нарга

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyír


lowkke

Proto-Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: лохо (loxo)

Proto-Ugric:

>? Hungarian: lyuk, luk, lik


piľme

Janhunen (1977) considers Proto-Samoyedic *pəjmə- a derivative from *pi (“night”), suggesting a shorter Proto-Uralic root such as *piľe. SSA speculatively suggests a connection with *pilwe (“cloud”).


nejde

Samoyedic:

Enets:

Forest Enets: [script needed] (nere-kétschu, “lass, female child”)

Proto-Permic: *nu̇l (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *niejtë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *neiti (see there for further descendants)


ańa

Ugric

Hungarian: ángy, ? anya (“mother”), leány (“girl”)

Ob-Ugric ("stepmother")

Proto-Mansi: *āńǝɣ

Northern Mansi: о̄ниг (ōnig) (Sosva), ōний (ōnij) (Upper Lozva)

Proto-Khanty: *i̮ńkī

Northern Khanty: ӑњхи (ănjhi)

Proto-Permic: *ań (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ańa

⇒ Erzya: низаня (ńizańa)

⇒ Moksha: аняка (ańaka)

>? Proto-Samic: *oańē (see there for further descendants)


śajwa

Samoyedic:

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (sǖ)

Kamassian: (Koibal) [script needed] (se)

Proto-Permic: *śoj (see there for further descendants)

Samic: ? *čuojvē, *čuovjē

Kildin Sami: чуййв (čujjv)

Ter Sami: [script needed] (čujjve)


ńore

Samoyedic

Ugric

Hungarian: nyár (“(obsolete) marsh; poplar”)


kiwe

Ugric:

Hungarian: kő

Proto-Mansi: *käw

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: кав (kaw)

Proto-Khanty: *kööɣ

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: кӓв (käw)

Northern Khanty: кэв (kew)

Proto-Permic: *ki (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *kü (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kev (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kivi (see there for further descendants)

Not continued in the Samoyedic (contrast *pəj from the possible original synonym *pije) or the Samic languages (contrast *keaδkē, of unknown origin).


piŋe

? Samoyedic: (if not from *pije) *pə̈j (“stone”)

Ugric:

Hungarian: fog

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: пуӈк (puňk)

Southern Mansi: пӓӈ (päň)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: пӧӈк (pöṇk)

Northern Khanty: пеӈк (pjeṇk)

Proto-Permic: *piń (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *pü (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pej ~ *peŋ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pii (see there for further descendants)


ńälmä

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyelv

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: не̄лум (nēlum)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: њаԓәм (njałəm)

Northern Khanty: њаԓәм (njałəm)

Proto-Mari: *jĭlmə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *ńālmē (see there for further descendants)


käďwä

Proto-Samoyedic: *käjwä, *käjmä

Enets:

Forest Enets:

Tundra Enets: [script needed] (see)

Nenets:

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (śiḿḿeʰku)

Tundra Nenets: сибяко (syibyako)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (šǖmä)

Kamassian: [script needed] (šʉjmʉ)

Mator: [script needed] (kejbe, “mare”)

Ugric:

Old Hungarian: helgy

Hungarian: hölgy

Proto-Mansi: *kääľ

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ка̄ль (kālʹ)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: кӧйәӈ (köjəṇ)

Northern Khanty: кей (kjej)

Proto-Samic: *kāθvē (see there for further descendants)

q

→? Proto-Germanic: *kattuz (possibly as a Wanderwort; the intermediate source is unknown) (see there for further descendants)

→? Latin: cattus (see there for further descendants)


puwe

Proto-Samoyedic: *pä

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: пя (pya)

Enets:

Forest Enets: пя

Nganasan: хуаа (xuaa)

Proto-Selkup: *pō

Southern Selkup:

Narym: по̄

Upper Ob: пуо, поо

Kamassian: пха (pʰa)

Ugric:

Hungarian: fa

Proto-Permic: *pu (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: пу (pu)

Proto-Finnic: *puu (see there for further descendants)


pićlä

Ugric:

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: писяр (pisjar)

Proto-Permic: *pɛliʒ́

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: пелысь (pelyś)

Udmurt: палэзь (paleź)

Proto-Mari: *pĭćlə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *piźəl

Erzya: пизёл (piźol)

Moksha: пизел (piźel)

Proto-Finnic: *pihlaga, *pihlä (see there for further descendants)


ikene

Ugric:

Hungarian: íny

Proto-Finnic: *igen


pečä

Proto-Permic: *pɔžäm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *pü̆nčə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pičə

Erzya: пиче (piče)

Moksha: пиче (piče)

Proto-Samic: *peacē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *petägä (see there for further descendants)


wideme

Ugric:

Hungarian: velő

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ва̄лым (wālym) (Sosva)

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: вем (vem)

Komi-Zyrian: вем (vem)

Udmurt: вим (vim)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: вем (vem)

Proto-Mordvinic: *uďəmə

Erzya: удем (uďem)

Proto-Samic: *ëδëm (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *üdin (see there for further descendants)


lewle

Ugric

Hungarian: lélek

Proto-Khanty: *līl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Permic: *löl (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *lievlë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *leülü (< *lewlew) (see there for further descendants)


śäkće

Proto-Samic: *čiekčë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sääkci (see there for further descendants)


särä

Ugric:

Hungarian: ér

Proto-Khanty: *ʟeer

desc

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (ler, jer)

Proto-Mansi: *tǟr

Central Mansi: [script needed] (toår, tå̄r)

Northern Mansi: та̄р (tār)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (tǟr)

Proto-Permic:

Udmurt: -сэр (-ser)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шер (šer)

Western Mari: [script needed] (šär)

Proto-Finnic: *soori (see there for further descendants)


kuće

Proto-Permic: *ku̇ʒ́ (see there for further descendants)


päkšnä

Proto-Mari: *pistə

Eastern Mari: пиште (pište)

Western Mari: пишты (pišty)

Proto-Mordvinic: *päkšə

Erzya: пекше (pekše)

Moksha: пяше (päše)

Proto-Finnic: *pähnä

Finnish: pärnä

Estonian: pärn

Võro: pähn

Likely a substrate loanword due to the three-consonant cluster, which is not native to Uralic.


mertä

Proto-Permic: *mɔrt (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *mirďə (see there for further descendants)

Of Indo-Iranian origin, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás.


ertä

Proto-Permic: *ɔrd (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: ӧрдыж (ördyž)

Western Mari: ӧрдӹж (ördÿž)

Proto-Mordvinic: *irďə-

Erzya: ирдез (irďez)

Moksha: ирдез (irďez)

Proto-Samic: *earttē (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from early Proto-Indo-Iranian *(H)érdʰo (later *Hárdʰas).


lelew

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *lil

Eastern Khanty: ԓәԓ (łəł) (Surgut), ләл (ləl) (Far-Eastern)

Southern Khanty: тәт (tət)

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian:

Komi-Izhma: лоо (loo)

Mari

Eastern Mari: лиле (ĺiĺe)

Proto-Finnic: *lülü (see there for further descendants)


čonče

Proto-Samic: *cuoncë (see there for further descendants)


ńijne

Proto-Permic: *ńin (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: ний (ńij)

Western Mari: ни (ńi)

Proto-Finnic: *niini (see there for further descendants)


čijče

Proto-Permic: *ču̇ž (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *čičə

Eastern Mari: чиче (čiče)

Western Mari: чичӹ (čičÿ)

Proto-Samic: *cicë (see there for further descendants)


jaŋka

Proto-Samoyedic: *jåŋkå

Nganasan: [script needed] (ďoŋku)

Enets

Forest Enets: [script needed] (ďaga)

Nenets

Forest Nenets: [script needed] (jaŋka)

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: [script needed] (ťwəŋɢə)

Ugric

Proto-Mansi: *jī̮ŋk̥

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (jaχ) (Lower Konda), [script needed] (je̮χ̥) (Middle Konda), [script needed] (je̮χ̥) (Upper Konda)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (jaχ) (Pelym), [script needed] (jāχ̥) (Lower Lozva)

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (jāχ̥) (Sosva)

Proto-Permic: *jugu̇t (<*jaŋketa), *jŭge̮r, *jŭgal-

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: югыд (jugyd), югӧр (jugör)

Udmurt: югыт (jugyt), [script needed] (juga-)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: [script needed] (joŋgə̑δə̑)

Western Mari: [script needed] (joŋgə̑), [script needed] (joŋgə̑δə̑)


jäsene

Proto-Permic: *jɔ̇z

⇒ Proto-Permic: *jɔ̇zvi

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: йӧзви (jözvi)

Udmurt: ёзви (jozvi)

Proto-Mordvinic: *jäzńä

Erzya: эзне (ezńe)

Moksha: эзне (ezńe)

Proto-Finnic: *jäsen (see there for further descendants)

Hyllested compares Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰes- (“hand”).


koppala

⇒ Proto-Mari: *kŭwəlćə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *koappēlē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *koppala (see there for further descendants)


mekše

Ugric:

Hungarian: méh

Proto-Permic: *möš (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari: *mükš (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *mekš (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *mehi (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from pre-Proto-Indo-Iranian *mékš, whence Proto-Indo-Iranian *mákš.


śerɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: szer

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sir)

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: сӗр (“kind, nature”), сӱр (sür, “clan, origin”)

Northern Khanty: сыр (syr)

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyryan: сер (śer)

Proto-Mari: *śĭr (see there for further descendants)

Samoyedic:

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: серʼ (śer°, “thing, matter; bad thing; like, in the way of …”)

Enets:

Forest Enets: сиэъ (śieʔ, “thing, matter”)

Tundra Enets: сиэъ (śieʔ, “thing, matter”)

Nganasan: съиер (sier, “thing, matter”)


uškɜ

Mari:

Eastern Mari: ӱшкӱж (üšküž), ӱшкӹж (üškÿž)

Proto-Permic: *ɔ̇š

Komi:

⇒ Komi-Permyak: ӧшка (öška)

Komi-Zyrian: ӧш (öš)

Udmurt: ош (oš)

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *(H)ukšā́ or Proto-Tocharian *wəkʷsó.


päškɜ

Permic:

Komi:

⇒? Komi-Zyrian: пашкан (paškan, “rosehip”)

⇒ Udmurt: пашпу (pašpu, “hazelnut bush”)

Proto-Mari: *pükš (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *päšťə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pähkä (see there for further descendants)


tuktɜ

Finno-Ugric:

Proto-Finnic: *tukto

Finnish: tuhto (“thwart (of a ship”)

Hungarian: tat (“stern (of a ship)”)

Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: тік (tik, “cross wood, cross bar”)

Samoyedic:

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: тати (tati, “thwart (of a ship”)


tewä

Ugric

>? Hungarian: tehén (“cow”)

Samoyedic

Nganasan: taa (“deer”)

Kamassian: тягӧ (tagö, “deer”), тхо (tʰo, “deer”)

Tundra Nenets: ты (tı, “deer”)

Sometimes compared to Proto-Tungusic *tibŋa (“male deer, elk”), Proto-Turkic *tebe (“camel”) ("deer" in North Siberian Turkic languages).


mäle

Proto-Permic: *mu̇l (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *meľ~*mäľ

Erzya: мeль (meľ)

Moksha: мяль (mäľ)

Proto-Samic: *mielë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *meeli (see there for further descendants)


attɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: atya

Permic:

Udmurt: атай (ataj)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: ача (ača)

Western Mari: ача (ača)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *aťa

>? Erzya: атя (aťa)


śale

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *sal

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (so̭l)

Proto-Permic: *śul (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: шоло (šolo)

Western Mari: шол (šol)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śulo

Erzya: сюло (śulo)

Moksha: сюла (śula)

Proto-Samic: *čoalē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sooli (see there for further descendants)


śijele

Ugric:

Hungarian: sün, sül

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: соуле (soule)

Mari:

Western Mari: шӱлӹ (šülÿ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śejəľ

Erzya: сеель (śejeľ)

Moksha: сеель (śejeľ)

Proto-Finnic: *siili (see there for further descendants)


omte

Ugric:

Hungarian: odú

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: онт (ont)

Northern Khanty: вөнтəр (wøntər)

desc

Southern Khanty: унт (unt), унтəр (untər)

Proto-Mansi: *āntǝr

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (ōntər)

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (ōntər)

Western Southern Mansi: [script needed] (ōntər), [script needed] (oåntėr), [script needed] (wåntėr)

Proto-Mordvinic: *undə

Erzya: ундо (undo)

Moksha: унда (unda)

Udmurt: удур (udur, “beehive opening”)

Proto-Samic: *vuomtë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *onci (see there for further descendants)


woča

Proto-Samoyedic: *wåc (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *ūš

Northern Mansi: ӯс (ūs)

Proto-Khanty: *wāč (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *oš

Erzya: ош (oš)

Moksha: ош (oš)

Proto-Samic: *oacē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: >? *ota, ⇒ *otava (see there for further descendants)


ńolke

Ugric:

Hungarian: nyál

Proto-Mordvinic: *nolgə

Erzya: нолго (nolgo)

Moksha: нолга (nolga)

Proto-Samic: *(s)nuolkë

Western Samic:

Southern Sami: snoelke

Ume Sami: snuallˈga

Pite Sami: snuolˈka

Lule Sami: snuolgga

Northern Sami: snuolga

Eastern Samic:

Inari Sami: snuolˈgâ

Skolt Sami: njuõlgg

Proto-Finnic: *nolki (see there for further descendants)


ëde

Proto-Samoyedic: *ërö (see there for further descendants)

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *āl

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (al) (Vakh-Vasjugan)

Proto-Permic: *wo (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *vooci (see there for further descendants)


lënte

Proto-Samoyedic: *lïntǝ

Nganasan: [script needed] (li̮ntǝ)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: луд (lud)

Komi-Zyrian: луд (lud)

Udmurt: луд (lud)

Mari:

Western Mari: ландака (landaka)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *lanďəms (“to squat down”)

>? Erzya: ландямс (lanďams)

Proto-Finnic: *lanci (see there for further descendants)


penä

Proto-Permic: *pön (see there for further descendants)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: пий (pij)

Western Mari: пи (pi)

Proto-Mordvinic: *pińə

Erzya: пине (pińe)

Moksha: пине (pińe)

⇒ Proto-Samic: *peanëk (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *peni (see there for further descendants)


wolka

Proto-Samoyedic: *wajk

Selkup:

⇒ Northern Selkup: ӄэӄпөры (qeqpåry)

⇒ Southern Selkup:

Narym: ӄватпа́р

Upper Ob: куакта

Ugric:

Hungarian: váll

Proto-Samic: *oalkē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *olka (see there for further descendants)


lämä

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: лӧм (löm)

Komi-Zyrian: лӧм (löm)

Udmurt: лом (lom)

Mari:

Eastern Mari: лӱмӧ (lümö)

Western Mari: лим (ĺim)

Proto-Finnic: *lemə~*lämə

Erzya: лем (ľem)

Proto-Finnic: *loomi (see there for further descendants)


śäčä

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *säč

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (seč)

Proto-Samic: *čācē (see there for further descendants)


śäśnä

Proto-Permic: *śiź (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шиште (šište)

Western Mari: шишты (šišty)

Proto-Samic: *čāšnē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *hähnä (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from a substrate language.


mëtka

Samoyedic:

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: мыты (myty)

Ugric:

Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: мугәт (mugət)

Proto-Samic: *muotkē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *matka (see there for further descendants)


täktä

Ugric:

Hungarian: tetem

Proto-Samic: *tāktē (see there for further descendants)

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *täkteh (see there for further descendants)


täje

⇒ Proto-Ugric: *täjəktəm

Hungarian: tetű

Khanty:

Northern Khanty: тевтәм (tjewtəm)

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: та̄кум (tākum)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: той (toj)

Komi-Yazva: тӱй (tüj)

Komi-Zyrian: той (toj)

Udmurt: тэй (tej)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: тий (tij)

Western Mari: ти (ti)

Proto-Finnic: *täi (see there for further descendants)


käsä

Proto-Samoyedic: *kätaŋ

Kamassian: [script needed] (k͔adaŋ)

Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Ket: [script needed] (qāttaŋ)

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *kelǟ

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (kelə)

Proto-Mansi: *kǟťǝľ

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (köäťľ)

Proto-Samic: *kāsō (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kasi (see there for further descendants)


śänä

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *sǟṇǝɣ

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (säṇǝɣ)

Proto-Mansi: *šīnǝɣ

Northern Mansi: сэ̄ныг (sè̄nyg) (Sosva)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (šēni)

Proto-Permic:

Udmurt: сеньки (śeńki)

Proto-Mari: *šin (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *čānā (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *seeni (see there for further descendants)


läme

Proto-Samoyedic: *jämVjə

Nganasan: [script needed] (d́eməə)

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (jewejᵊ)

Ugric:

Hungarian: lé

Mansi:

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (löäm)

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (lām)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (lǟm)

Proto-Permic:

Udmurt: лым (lym)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: лем (ĺem)

Western Mari: лем (ĺem)

Proto-Mordvinic: *läm

Erzya: лем (ľem)

Moksha: лям (ľam)

Proto-Samic: *liemë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *leemi (see there for further descendants)


täštä

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: тиште (tište)

Western Mari: тиштӹ (tištÿ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ťäšťə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *tāstē, *tāsnē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *tähti (see there for further descendants)

Unknown. Possibly borrowed from a substrate language (the Pre-West Uralic agricultural substrate).


wešnä

Proto-Mari: *wistə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *višə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *vehnä (see there for further descendants)

Probably borrowed from a substrate language (the Pre-West Uralic agricultural substrate).


śopa

Proto-Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *šup

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sup)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (šop)

Proto-Finnic: *sopa (see there for further descendants)


äjjä

Proto-Permic: *ajᴕ

Komi:

Komi-Permyak: ай (aj)

Komi-Zyrian: ай (aj)

Old Komi: 𐍐𐍙 (aj)

Udmurt: айы (ajy)

>? Proto-Mordvinic: *ojə (“friend”)

>? Erzya: оя (oja)

Moksha: [script needed] (ojä)

Proto-Samic: *ājjē, *ājjā (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *äijä (see there for further descendants)


śonta

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шондо (šondo)

Western Mari: шандӹ (šandÿ)

Proto-Finnic: *sonta (see there for further descendants)


urɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: úr

desctree

Proto-Finnic: *uros
Finnish: uros
Karelian: uroš
⇒ Ingrian: urohoin, urroisa
Livvi: uros
⇒ Ludian: uroi
Veps: uros

Proto-Samic: *orēs
Western Samic:
Southern Sami: urries
Ume Sami: årˈries
Pite Sami: åres
Lule Sami: åres
Northern Sami: varris (why va?)
Eastern Samic:
Inari Sami: ores
Skolt Sami: ååʹres
Kildin Sami: оаресь (årjes’)


ajŋe

Ugric:

Hungarian: agy

Proto-Mordvinic: *uj

Moksha: уй (uj)

desc

Proto-Samic: *vuojŋëmē-, *vuojŋëš-, *vuojvëšnē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *aivo (see there for further descendants)


äne

Ugric:

Hungarian: ének

Proto-Samic: *jienë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *ääni (see there for further descendants)


sorme

Proto-Mordvinic: *sur

Erzya: сур (sur)

Moksha: сур (sur)

Proto-Samic: *suormë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sormi (see there for further descendants)


śawe

Proto-Ugric:

Proto-Khanty:

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (săγi̮)

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (sŏwĭ)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (săwə)

Proto-Mansi:

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (śuĺ)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (sowĺ, soĺ)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (sōĺ)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: сюн (śun)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шун (šun)

Western Mari: шун (šun)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śovəń

Erzya: сёвонь (śovoń)

Moksha: сёвонь (śovoń)

Proto-Finnic: *savi (see there for further descendants)


śepä

Proto-Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *sǟpəl

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (säwəl)

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (säpəl)

Southern Khanty: [script needed] (säpət)

Proto-Mansi: *šip

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (šip)

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sip)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (ši̮p)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: сьылі (śyli)

Udmurt: силь (śiľ)

Proto-Mari: *šü (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śivə

Erzya: сиве (śive)

Moksha: сиве (śive)

Proto-Samic: *čeapēttē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *sepä (see there for further descendants)


ekä

Proto-Samoyedic: *jekä

Forest Enets: дисы

Proto-Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *jiɣ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mansi: *jäɣ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *eakē (see there for further descendants)


čikere

Ugric:

Old Hungarian: ſyher

Hungarian: sír

Proto-Mari: *šüɣer (see there for further descendants)


mälke

Ugric:

Hungarian: mell

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: ма̄гыл (māgyl)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (møul)

Eastern Mansi: мавлын (mawlyn)

Proto-Permic:

Udmurt: мыл (myl)

Proto-Mari: *mel

Eastern Mari: мел (mel)

Western Mari: мел (mel)

Proto-Mordvinic: *mäľkə

Erzya: мельке (meľke, “brisket”), мелькть (meľkť, “lungs”)

Moksha: [script needed] (ḿäĺʿḱä)

Proto-Samic: *mielkë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *mälvi (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared with Proto-Yukaghir *mel-.


kutke

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: -кот (-kot)

Proto-Mari: *kŭtkə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kotkə-

Erzya: коткудав (kotkudav)

Moksha: [script needed] (kotkə̑dav)

Proto-Samic: *kotkë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kutki (see there for further descendants)


tüŋe

Ugric:

Hungarian: tő

Proto-Mari: *tü̆ŋ (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *ťej-

Erzya: те- (ťe-) in тень (ťeń), тенек (ťeńek), теть (ťeť), тенк (ťenk)

Moksha: те- (ťe-)

Proto-Finnic: *tüvi (see there for further descendants)


moĺɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: meggy

Mari:

Eastern Mari: модо (modo)

Western Mari: муды (mudy)

Proto-Permic: *moľi

Komi-Zyrian: моль (moľ)

Udmurt: мульы (muľy)


wolnɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: ón

Proto-Mari: *wŭlnə (see there for further descendants)


ćolme

Ugric:

Hungarian: csomó

Proto-Mordvinic: *śulmə

Erzya: сюлмо (śulmo)

Moksha: сюлма (śulma)

Proto-Samic: *čuolmë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *solmi (see there for further descendants)


mińi

Ugric:

Hungarian: menny

⇒ Proto-Mordvinic: *meńəľ (see there for further descendants)


lᴕńćɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: légy

Proto-Permic:

Komi-Zyrian: лӧдз (lödź)

Udmurt: лузь (luź)


wiŋe

Ugric:

Hungarian: vég

⇒ Proto-Finnic: *viimä- (see there for further descendants)


śala

Ugric:

Hungarian: szil

Proto-Mordvinic: *śäľəj

Erzya: селей (śeľej)

Moksha: сяли (śaľi)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: шоло (šolo)

Western Mari: шол (šol)

>? Proto-Finnic: *salaga (see there for further descendants)


kodwa

Ugric:

Proto-Khanty: *kāl-

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (kal)

Proto-Mansi: *kūl-

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (χūl-)

Hungarian: hál

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: [script needed] (-ков)

Udmurt: кӧлыны (kölyny)

Proto-Samic: *koatvē:

Western:

Lule Sami: [Term?] (kårʿfuj)

Eastern:

Inari Sami: kuáđfi

Proto-Finnic: *kotva (see there for further descendants)


lüpsä

Proto-Mordvinic: *lovsə

Erzya: ловсо (lovso)

Moksha: лофца (lofca)

Proto-Finnic: *lüpsädäk (see there for further descendants)


küńä

Ugric:

Hungarian: könyök

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: коныло̄выл (konylōwyl)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: кынер (kyńer)

Western Mari: кӹнер (kÿńer)

Proto-Mordvinic: *keńəŕə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kërńēlē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *küünärä (see there for further descendants)


pälkä

Proto-Samoyedic:

Nenets

Tundra Nenets: пикця (pyikcya)

Proto-Permic: *pɔ̈l (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *päľkə

Erzya: пелька (peľka)

Moksha: пяльхкя (päľhkä)

Proto-Samic: *pealkē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *peikälo (see there for further descendants)

Sometimes compared with Indo-European words (i.e. Latin pollex, Proto-Slavic *palьcь).


kütɜ

Ugric:

Hungarian: köz

Mansi:

Northern Mansi: котиль (kotilʹ)


jelkä

Ugric:

Hungarian: jel

Proto-Finnic: *jälki (see there for further descendants)


ćona

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *šun

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (šon) (Tavda)

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (sŏn) (Middle Konda), [script needed] (sŭn) (Upper Konda)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (šun) (North Vagilsk, South Vagilsk, Lower Lozva)

Northern Mansi: сун (sun) (Upper Lozva, Sosva)

Proto-Samic: *čoanē (see there for further descendants)

>? Proto-Samoyedic: *sån

Nganasan: соӈ (soŋ, “race, strap (in a reindeer harness)”)


mᴕ̈ŋkɜ

Ugric:

Mansi: меӈкв

Proto-Permic: *mɔk-

Komi-Zyrian: мокасьт (mokaśt)

Udmurt: моко (moko)

some sort of forest monster, devil, bigfoot


nojta

Proto-Permic: *nɔ̇d (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *noajtē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *noita (see there for further descendants)


ńaŋkće

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi: *ńī̮kćɜm

Northern Mansi: ня̄хсям (nâ̄hsâm)

Proto-Khanty: *ńakćǝm

Northern Khanty: њохщəм (njohsjəm) (Kazym), нехсюм (njehsjum) (Middle Ob)

Permic:

Komi-Zyrian: нёкчим (ńokćim)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: ношмо (nošmo)

Western Mari: нашмы (našmy)

Proto-Samic: *ńuokčëm (see there for further descendants)


kämä

Proto-Permic: *kɔ̇m (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: кем (kem)

Western Mari: кем (kem)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kämə

Erzya: кем (kem)

Moksha: кяме (käme)

Proto-Samic: ⇒ *kāmëk (see there for further descendants)


tërka

Ugric:

Hungarian: daru

Proto-Mansi *tī̮rǝɣ

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tāri̮ɣ)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (tē̮ri̮ɣ)

Proto-Khanty *tārǝɣ

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (tarǝɣ)

Proto-Permic: *turig (see there for further descendants)


śëlkaw

Ugric:

Hungarian: szálfa

Proto-Mansi *sī̮ɣlā

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (sāɣla)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (sa͕jla)

Proto-Khanty *sāɣǝl

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (saɣǝl)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: сюл (śul)

Udmurt: сюл (śul)

Proto-Mordvinic: *śalgə

Erzya: сялго (śalgo)

Moksha: сялга (śalga)

Proto-Samic: *čuolkōj (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *salko (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰalgʰ- (whence Lithuanian žalgà, Old Armenian ձաղկ (jałk), Proto-Germanic *galgô).


kamte

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: куд (kud)

Udmurt: куды (kudy)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: комдыш (komdyš)

Western Mari: комдыш (komdyš)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kundə

Erzya: кундо (kundo)

Moksha: [script needed] (kunda)

Proto-Samic: *koamtē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *kanci (see there for further descendants)


käwde

Proto-Samoyedic: *kürə-

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (syurᵒq)

Nganasan: кирими (kirimi)

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *kʷǟləγ

Eastern Mansi: [script needed] (kɔ̈̄ləj)

Northern Mansi: ква̄лыг (kwālyg) (Sosva)

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (kʷäləw)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (kʷaləγ)

Proto-Khanty *köləγ

Northern Khanty: [script needed] (keᴧ)

Proto-Permic: *kɔ̇l (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *kievδë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *keüci (see there for further descendants)


pučke

Proto-Samoyedic: *pucə

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: путы (puty)

Southern Selkup:

Ket: пучча (pučča)

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: пуд (pūd)

Proto-Mari: *pŭč

Eastern Mari: пуч (puč)

Western Mari: пыч (pyč)

Proto-Mordvinic: *počkə

Erzya: почко (počko)

Moksha: почка (počka)

Proto-Samic: *pockë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *pucki (see there for further descendants)


wajŋe

Proto-Samoyedic: *wajŋ

Selkup:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: Northern Selkup: [script needed] (ke̮ji)

Proto-Samoyedic: *wajŋtut

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: [script needed] (jīntǝʔ)

Proto-Selkup:

Southern Selkup:

Narym: гвэй

Nganasan: бачуˮ (bačuʔ)

Ugric:

Hungarian: vágy

Proto-Samic: *vuojŋë, *vuojŋëtēk, *vuojŋēs (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Mordvinic: *vajmə

Erzya: ойме (ojme)

Moksha: вайме (vajme)

Proto-Finnic: *vaimo (see there for further descendants)


käjä

Ugric:

Proto-Mansi *käj

Southern Mansi: [script needed] (kij, käj)

Proto-Khanty *käj

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (kej)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: [script needed] (ke̮j)

Udmurt: кей (kej)

Proto-Mari:

Eastern Mari: кие (kije)

Proto-Mordvinic: *kij

Erzya: ки (ki)

Moksha: ки (ki)

Proto-Finnic: *koi (see there for further descendants)


pośe

Ugric:

Hungarian: fasz

Proto-Samic: *puočë (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pásas.


lešmä

Proto-Mordvinic: *lišmə (“horse”) (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *lehmä (“cow”) (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from a substrate language (the Pre-West Uralic agricultural substrate).


jäje

Proto-Samoyedic: *ji

Selkup:

Northern Selkup: чӱ (ćü)

Nganasan: ӈиәде (ŋiədje)

Enets:

Tundra Enets: ней

Nenets:

Tundra Nenets: ни (nyi)

Forest Nenets: ни (nyi)

Kamassian: джии (ʒ́ii)

Mator: ни (ni)

Proto-Permic: *jȯ (see there for further descendants)


ońća

Ugric:

Hungarian: ágyék

Proto-Mansi *ūńć

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (ūńś)

Proto-Mari: *užaš

Eastern Mari: ужаш (užaš)

Proto-Samic: *oańčē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *osa (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hánćas.


melä

>? Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: маль (maľ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *miľə

Erzya: миле (miľe)

Moksha: миле (miľe)

Proto-Samic: *mealē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *mëla (see there for further descendants)


weneš

Proto-Mordvinic: *veńəš

Erzya: венч (venč)

Moksha: венеж (veńež)

Proto-Samic: *vënës (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *veneh (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from early Proto-Indo-Iranian *wen- (whence Sanskrit वन् (van, “tree, wood, wooden vessel”)), although this is uncertain due to issues.


oŋke

Proto-Mari: *oŋgə (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Samic: *vuoŋkë (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *onki (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from some Indo-European language, probably from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hánkas (whence Sanskrit अङ्क (aṅka)).


säksä

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Udmurt: [script needed] (ses)

Proto-Mordvinic: *säksə

Erzya: сэкс (seks)

Proto-Samic: *sāksē (see there for further descendants)

Proto-Finnic: *saksi (see there for further descendants)


jäŋkä

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *jäŋk

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (jöŋk)

Proto-Mansi: *jǟŋk

Central Mansi: [script needed] (jöäŋk)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: егыр (jegyr)

Proto-Samic: *jeaŋkē (see there for further descendants)


tëkte

Ugric

Proto-Khanty: *tāɣtāŋ

desc

Eastern Khanty: [script needed] (tăɣtaŋ)

Proto-Mansi: *tī̮kt

Northern Mansi: [script needed] (tāχt)

Western Mansi: [script needed] (te̮χt)

Proto-Permic:

Komi:

Komi-Zyrian: [script needed] (tokti̮)

Proto-Mari: *toktə

Eastern Mari: токта- (tokta-) (in compound: токталудо (toktaludo))

Proto-Samic: ⇒ *toktëk (see there for further descendants)


čučke

>? Proto-Samoyedic: *cocə (irregular; **cucə would be expected)

Selkup *čōčǝ:

Northern Selkup:

Taz: [script needed] (toti̮)

Southern Selkup:

Tym: [script needed] (čōǯ)

Ket: [script needed] (čōǯǝ)

Proto-Mordvinic: *čočkə

Erzya: чочко (čočko)

Moksha: шочка (šočka)

Proto-Samic: *čockë (see there for further descendants)