būta-

Oghur:

⇒ Chuvash: пăта (păta, “nail”)

Proto-Common Turkic: *būta-

Oghuz:

Proto-Oghuz: *būda-

Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (buda-)

Azerbaijani: budamaq

Ottoman Turkish: بودامق (buda-)

Gagauz: budamaa

Turkish: budamak

Salar: budağusı

Turkmen: pūdamak

Karluk:

Karakhanid:

Khorezmian Turkic:

Chagatai:

Uzbek: putamoq

Uyghur: [script needed] (putamaq)

Kipchak:

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: [script needed] (bota-)

Tatar: [script needed] (bota-)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar:

Karachay-Balkar:

Karaim:

Kumyk:

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Karakalpak:

Kazakh: бұтау (būtau)

Nogai:

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: бутоо (butoo)

Southern Altai: будаар (budaar)

Siberian:

Old Turkic:

Old Uyghur:

Western Yugur:

North Siberian:

Dolgan:

Yakut:

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan:

Tofa:

Yenisei Turkic:

Khakas:

Shor:


sōlï-

Oghur:

Chuvash: сывла (syvla)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

⇒ Azerbaijani: soluq

Ottoman Turkish: صولومق

Gagauz: solumaa

Turkish: solumak

⇒ Salar: solaq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: [script needed] (solu-)

Tatar: суларга (sularga)

West Kipchak:

desc

Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (solu-)

Karaim: [script needed] (solu-)

Kumyk: [script needed] (solu-)

East Kipchak:

Caspian:

солығын басу

>? Kazakh: солық (solyq, “sperm”), солығын басу (solyğyn basu, “to stop crying”)

Nogai: [script needed] (solıq-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Southern Altai: соолыыр (soolïïr)

Siberian:

Yakut: уолуй (uoluy)


tǖr-

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

⇒ Azerbaijani: dürmək

Ottoman Turkish: دورمك (dürmek)

Gagauz: dürmää

Turkish: dürmek

Salar: dürgüsi

Turkmen: düýrmek

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (türmek)

Chagatai:

Uyghur: [script needed] (tür-)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: төр- (tör-)

Tatar: төр- (tör-)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Karakalpak: türiw

Kazakh: түру (türu)

Nogai: [script needed] (tür-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: түрүү (türüü)

Southern Altai: тӱрер (türer)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Yakut: түүр (tüür)

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tofa: [script needed] (dür-)

Tuvan: [script needed] (dür-)

Yenisei:

Khakas: [script needed] (tür-)

(Common Turkic, transitive) to fold, roll together


čākïr-

Oghur:

Chuvash: ҫухӑр (śuh̬ăr)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz: جَقْرِشْماقْ (çaqrışmâq)

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: çağırmaq

→ Khalaj: çağurmaq

Ottoman Turkish: چاغرمق (çağırmak)

Gagauz: çaarmaa

Turkish: çağırmak

Salar: çıqrağusı

Turkmen: çāgyrmak

Karluk:

Chagatai:

Uyghur: چاقىرماق (chaqirmaq)

Uzbek: chaqirmoq

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Kazakh: шақыру (şaqyru)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak

Southern Altai: чакырар (čakïrar)

From *čā (“onomatopoetic word”) + *-kïr or *čar + *-kïr.
A Common Turkic word formed by a sound reflection; *čā ~ *čar + *-kïr. See related terms:
* *bā-kïr-
* *kē-kir-
* *ā-kïr-
* *tüp-kür-
In the words formed in this way, the voicing that should be in the Kipchaks does not occur.


sēk-

Oghur:

Chuvash: сик (sik)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: səkmək

Ottoman Turkish: سكمك (sekmek)

Turkish: sekmek

Turkmen: sekmek, sǟkdirmek

⇒ Proto-Turkic: *sēkri-

Oghuz: *sēkri-

Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (segirmek), [script needed] (segrimek)

Azerbaijani: səyirmək, səyrimək

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (segirmek), [script needed] (segrimek)

Turkish: seğirmek, seğrimek

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (sekri-), [script needed] (sekriş-), [script needed] (sekrit-)

Chagatai:

Uyghur: [script needed] (säkrä-)

Uzbek: sakramoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: һикереү (hikerew)

Tatar: [script needed] (siker-)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: [script needed] (sekir-)

Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (sekir-)

Karaim: [script needed] (sekir-)

Kumyk:

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Karakalpak: sekiriw

Kazakh: секіру (sekıru)

Nogai: [script needed] (sekir-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Southern Altai: секирер (sekirer)

Kyrgyz: секирүү (sekirüü)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Dolgan: иккирее

Dolgan: иккирее

Yakut: иккирие (ikkiriye)

South Kipchak:

Yenisei:

Khakas: [script needed] (segir-)

Shor: [script needed] (segri-)


sö-

Proto-Turkic: *sömek (“word, speech”)

Chuvash: сӑмах (sămah)

desctree

Proto-Turkic: *söŕ (“word, speech”)
Arghu
Khalaj: söz
Oghuz
West Oghuz
Old Anatolian Turkish: سوز (söz)
Azerbaijani: söz
Gagauz: söz
Ottoman Turkish: سوز (söz)
Turkish: söz
East Oghuz
Turkmen: söz
Salar
Salar: söz
Karluk
East Karluk
Chagatai: سوز (söz)
Uyghur: سۆز (söz)
West Karluk
Uzbek:
Cyrillic script: сўз (soʻz)
Latin script: soʻz
Kipchak
Kipchak-Ural
Bashkir: һүҙ (hüź)
Tatar:
Cyrillic script: сүз (süz)
Latin script: süz
West Kipchak
Crimean Tatar: söz
Karachay-Balkar: сёз (söz)
Karaim:
Latin script: söz
Cyrillic script: сӧз
Kumyk: сёз (söz)
Kipchak-Nogai
Karakalpak: sóz
Kazakh: сөз (söz)
Nogai: соьз (söz)
Kyrgyz-Kipcak
Kyrgyz: сөз (söz)
Southern Altai: сӧс (sös)
Siberian
Old Turkic: 𐰾𐰇𐰔 (söz)
South Siberian
Yenissei Turkic
Khakas: сӧс
Shor: сӧс (sös)
Sayan Turkic
Soyot сөс (sös)
Tuvan: сөс (sös)
North Siberian
Dolgan: өс (ös)
Yakut: өс (ös)

Proto-Turkic: *sörčük, *sörček (“short story”)

desc

Karakhanid: سُرْجُكْ (sörčük, “a story told at night”)

Oghuz: سُرْجَكْ (sörček, “a story told at night”)

word, speech; short story; to say; to start a conversation, to mutter, to mention; to make talk; 1. to chat, to talk 2. to contract


art-

Oghur:

Chuvash:

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (art-)

Azerbaijani: artmaq

Ottoman Turkish: آرتمق (artmak)

Turkish: artmak

Gagauz: artmaa

⇒ Salar: attuq

Turkmen: artmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (artmaq)

Uzbek: ortmoq

Uyghur: ئارتماق (artmaq)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: артыу (artıw)

Tatar: арту (artu)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: artmak

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: артуу (artuu)

Southern Altai: артар (artar)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (art-)

Kazakh: арту (artu)

Siberian:

North Siberian

Yakut: орт (ort)

South Siberian:

Yenisei:

Khakas: артарға (artarğa)


kǖd-

kǖdmek (infinitive)
kǖdgen (participle present)
kǖdügme (participle present)
kǖder (participle present)
kǖddük (participle past)
kǖdmiš (participle past)
kǖddeči (future participle)
kǖdmekči (future participle)
kǖdsik (future participle)
kǖdeček (future participle)
kǖdme (noun-from-verb)
kǖdüg (noun-from-verb)
kǖdgü (noun-from-verb)
kǖdüš (adverbial)
kǖder ben (aorist indicative singular)
kǖder sen (aorist indicative singular)
kǖder (aorist indicative singular)
kǖder biz (aorist indicative plural)
kǖder siz (aorist indicative plural)
kǖder (aorist indicative plural)
kǖddüm (indicative past singular)
kǖddüŋ (indicative past singular)
kǖddi (indicative past singular)
kǖddük (indicative past plural)
kǖddümüz (indicative past plural)
kǖddüŋüz (indicative past plural)
kǖddi (indicative past plural)
kǖdmiš ben (indicative inferential past singular)
kǖdmiš sen (indicative inferential past singular)
kǖdmiš (indicative inferential past singular)
kǖdmiš biz (indicative inferential past plural)
kǖdmiš siz (indicative inferential past plural)
kǖdmiš (indicative inferential past plural)
kǖddeči ben (future indicative singular)
kǖdmekči ben (future indicative singular)
kǖdeček ben (future indicative singular)
kǖddeči sen (future indicative singular)
kǖdmekči sen (future indicative singular)
kǖdeček sen (future indicative singular)
kǖddeči (future indicative singular)
kǖdmekči (future indicative singular)
kǖdeček (future indicative singular)
kǖddeči biz (future indicative plural)
kǖdmekči biz (future indicative plural)
kǖdeček biz (future indicative plural)
kǖddeči siz (future indicative plural)
kǖdmekči siz (future indicative plural)
kǖdeček siz (future indicative plural)
kǖddeči (future indicative plural)
kǖdmekči (future indicative plural)
kǖdeček (future indicative plural)
kǖdgey ben (future indicative singular)
kǖdgey sen (future indicative singular)
kǖdgey (future indicative singular)
kǖdgey biz (future indicative plural)
kǖdgey siz (future indicative plural)
kǖdgey (future indicative plural)
kǖdsüküm (future indicative singular)
kǖdsüküŋ (future indicative singular)
kǖdsük (future indicative singular)
kǖdsükümüz (future indicative plural)
kǖdsüküŋüz (future indicative plural)
kǖdsük (future indicative plural)
kǖdsem (conditional singular)
kǖdser ben (conditional singular)
kǖdseŋ (conditional singular)
kǖdser sen (conditional singular)
kǖdse (conditional singular)
kǖdser (conditional singular)
kǖdsek (conditional plural)
kǖdsemiz (conditional plural)
kǖdser biz (conditional plural)
kǖdseŋiz (conditional plural)
kǖdser siz (conditional plural)
kǖdseler (conditional plural)
kǖdser (conditional plural)
kǖdgey ben (optative singular)
kǖdgey sen (optative singular)
kǖdgey (optative singular)
kǖdgey biz (optative plural)
kǖdgey siz (optative plural)
kǖdgey (optative plural)
kǖdmekde ben (progressive singular)
kǖdmekde sen (progressive singular)
kǖdmekde (progressive singular)
kǖdmekde biz (plural progressive)
kǖdmekde siz (plural progressive)
kǖdmekde (plural progressive)
kǖdmelig ben (necessitative singular)
kǖdmelig sen (necessitative singular)
kǖdmelig (necessitative singular)
kǖdmelig biz (necessitative plural)
kǖdmelig siz (necessitative plural)
kǖdmelig (necessitative plural)
kǖdeyin (imperative singular)
kǖd (imperative singular)
kǖdgil (imperative singular)
kǖdzün (imperative singular)
kǖdelim (imperative plural)
kǖdüŋ (imperative plural)
kǖdzün (imperative plural)
kǖdmemek (infinitive negative)
kǖdmegen (negative participle present)
kǖdmegme (negative participle present)
kǖdmez (negative participle present)
kǖdmedük (negative participle past)
kǖdmemiš (negative participle past)
kǖdmeči (future negative participle)
kǖdmesik (future negative participle)
kǖdmeyeček (future negative participle)
kǖdmeme (negative noun-from-verb)
kǖdmeg (negative noun-from-verb)
kǖdmegü (negative noun-from-verb)
kǖdmeyüš (adverbial negative)
kǖdmez ben (aorist indicative negative singular)
kǖdmez sen (aorist indicative negative singular)
kǖdmez (aorist indicative negative singular)
kǖdmez biz (aorist indicative negative plural)
kǖdmez siz (aorist indicative negative plural)
kǖdmez (aorist indicative negative plural)
kǖdmedüm (indicative negative past singular)
kǖdmedüŋ (indicative negative past singular)
kǖdmedi (indicative negative past singular)
kǖdmedük (indicative negative past plural)
kǖdmedümüz (indicative negative past plural)
kǖdmedüŋüz (indicative negative past plural)
kǖdmedi (indicative negative past plural)
kǖdmemiš ben (indicative inferential negative past singular)
kǖdmemiš sen (indicative inferential negative past singular)
kǖdmemiš (indicative inferential negative past singular)
kǖdmemiš biz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
kǖdmemiš siz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
kǖdmemiš (indicative inferential negative past plural)
kǖdmeči ben (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmeyeček ben (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmeči sen (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmeyeček sen (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmeči (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmeyeček (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmeči biz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmeyeček biz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmeči siz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmeyeček siz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmeči (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmeyeček (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmegey ben (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmegey sen (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmegey (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmegey biz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmegey siz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmegey (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmesüküm (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmesüküŋ (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmesük (future indicative negative singular)
kǖdmesükümüz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmesüküŋüz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmesük (future indicative negative plural)
kǖdmesem (conditional negative singular)
kǖdmeser ben (conditional negative singular)
kǖdmeseŋ (conditional negative singular)
kǖdmeser sen (conditional negative singular)
kǖdmese (conditional negative singular)
kǖdmeser (conditional negative singular)
kǖdmesek (conditional negative plural)
kǖdmesemiz (conditional negative plural)
kǖdmeser biz (conditional negative plural)
kǖdmeseŋiz (conditional negative plural)
kǖdmeser siz (conditional negative plural)
kǖdmeseler (conditional negative plural)
kǖdmeser (conditional negative plural)
kǖdmegey ben (negative optative singular)
kǖdmegey sen (negative optative singular)
kǖdmegey (negative optative singular)
kǖdmegey biz (negative optative plural)
kǖdmegey siz (negative optative plural)
kǖdmegey (negative optative plural)
kǖdmemekde ben (negative progressive singular)
kǖdmemekde sen (negative progressive singular)
kǖdmemekde (negative progressive singular)
kǖdmemekde biz (negative plural progressive)
kǖdmemekde siz (negative plural progressive)
kǖdmemekde (negative plural progressive)
kǖdmemelig ben (necessitative negative singular)
kǖdmemelig sen (necessitative negative singular)
kǖdmemelig (necessitative negative singular)
kǖdmemelig biz (necessitative negative plural)
kǖdmemelig siz (necessitative negative plural)
kǖdmemelig (necessitative negative plural)
kǖdmeyeyin (imperative negative singular)
kǖdme (imperative negative singular)
kǖdmegil (imperative negative singular)
kǖdmezün (imperative negative singular)
kǖdmeyelim (imperative negative plural)
kǖdmeyiŋ (imperative negative plural)
kǖdmezün (imperative negative plural)

Oghur:

Chuvash: кӗт (kĕt, “to wait; to graze”)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz: كوُذْماكْ (kǖδmēk, “to wait; to graze”)

Old Anatolian Turkish: كویمك (güymek, “to wait”), كوتمك (gütmek, “to graze”)

Azerbaijani: güdmək (“to graze”)

Gagauz: gütmää (“to graze”)

Ottoman Turkish: كویمك (güymek, “to wait”), كوتمك (gütmek, “to graze”)

Turkish: gütmek (“to graze”), güymek (“to wait”) (dial.)

Uyghur-Oghuz:

Salar: güygüsi (“to wait”), gütgüsi (“to graze”)

East Oghuz:

⇒ Turkmen: güýmemek (“to amuse”), güýmenmek (“to amuse”), güýmen-süýmen etmek (“to amuse”), göze güýdüşmek (“to steal secretly”), güýdüşik (“foolish”)

Karluk:

كوُتُّرْماكْ

Karakhanid: كوُتُّرْماكْ (kǖttürmēk, “to make graze”)

Uyghur: [script needed] (kütmek)

Uzbek: kutmoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: көтөү (kötöw)

Tatar: көтергә (kötergä), көйергә (köyergä)

West Kipchak:

Karachay-Balkar: кютерге (küterge)

Karaim: кӱт (küt-), кӱтӱ (kütü-)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: kütüw, küyüw

Kazakh: күту (kütu)

East Kipchak:

Southern Altai: кӱдер (küder), кӱйер (küyer)

Kyrgyz: күйүү (küyüü), күтүү (kütüü)

Kyrgyz: күйүү (küyüü), күтүү (kütüü)

Siberian:

Old Turkic:

Old Uyghur: kwyt- (küt-), kwyd- (küd-)

North Siberian:

Dolgan: күүт

Yakut: күүт (küüt)

South Siberian:

Yeniseian Turkic:

⇒ Khakas: кӱзедерге (küzederge)

From *kǖ- (“to wait; to wait for”) + *-d.
However, the exact morphological nature of some of the descendants with final -t are uncertain. There have been multiple theories:
* Clauson and Nishanyan suggest that they are simply variants of *kǖd-.
* Nishanyan also suggests a backformation from a past form *kǖtti, compare the causative form *kǖttür- (“to make wait; to make graze”).
* EDAL and Nishanyan also suggest a derivation *kǖd- + *-üt-.
* ESTJa suggests a derivation *kǖ- + *-t-.


kǖ-

kǖmek (infinitive)
kǖgen (participle present)
kǖgme (participle present)
kǖr (participle present)
kǖdük (participle past)
kǖmiš (participle past)
kǖdeči (future participle)
kǖmekči (future participle)
kǖsik (future participle)
kǖyeček (future participle)
kǖme (noun-from-verb)
kǖg (noun-from-verb)
kǖgü (noun-from-verb)
kǖš (adverbial)
kǖr ben (aorist indicative singular)
kǖr sen (aorist indicative singular)
kǖr (aorist indicative singular)
kǖr biz (aorist indicative plural)
kǖr siz (aorist indicative plural)
kǖr (aorist indicative plural)
kǖdüm (indicative past singular)
kǖdüŋ (indicative past singular)
kǖdi (indicative past singular)
kǖdük (indicative past plural)
kǖdümüz (indicative past plural)
kǖdüŋüz (indicative past plural)
kǖdi (indicative past plural)
kǖmiš ben (indicative inferential past singular)
kǖmiš sen (indicative inferential past singular)
kǖmiš (indicative inferential past singular)
kǖmiš biz (indicative inferential past plural)
kǖmiš siz (indicative inferential past plural)
kǖmiš (indicative inferential past plural)
kǖdeči ben (future indicative singular)
kǖmekči ben (future indicative singular)
kǖyeček ben (future indicative singular)
kǖdeči sen (future indicative singular)
kǖmekči sen (future indicative singular)
kǖyeček sen (future indicative singular)
kǖdeči (future indicative singular)
kǖmekči (future indicative singular)
kǖyeček (future indicative singular)
kǖdeči biz (future indicative plural)
kǖmekči biz (future indicative plural)
kǖyeček biz (future indicative plural)
kǖdeči siz (future indicative plural)
kǖmekči siz (future indicative plural)
kǖyeček siz (future indicative plural)
kǖdeči (future indicative plural)
kǖmekči (future indicative plural)
kǖyeček (future indicative plural)
kǖgey ben (future indicative singular)
kǖgey sen (future indicative singular)
kǖgey (future indicative singular)
kǖgey biz (future indicative plural)
kǖgey siz (future indicative plural)
kǖgey (future indicative plural)
kǖsüküm (future indicative singular)
kǖsüküŋ (future indicative singular)
kǖsük (future indicative singular)
kǖsükümüz (future indicative plural)
kǖsüküŋüz (future indicative plural)
kǖsük (future indicative plural)
kǖsem (conditional singular)
kǖser ben (conditional singular)
kǖseŋ (conditional singular)
kǖser sen (conditional singular)
kǖse (conditional singular)
kǖser (conditional singular)
kǖsek (conditional plural)
kǖsemiz (conditional plural)
kǖser biz (conditional plural)
kǖseŋiz (conditional plural)
kǖser siz (conditional plural)
kǖseler (conditional plural)
kǖser (conditional plural)
kǖgey ben (optative singular)
kǖgey sen (optative singular)
kǖgey (optative singular)
kǖgey biz (optative plural)
kǖgey siz (optative plural)
kǖgey (optative plural)
kǖmekde ben (progressive singular)
kǖmekde sen (progressive singular)
kǖmekde (progressive singular)
kǖmekde biz (plural progressive)
kǖmekde siz (plural progressive)
kǖmekde (plural progressive)
kǖmelig ben (necessitative singular)
kǖmelig sen (necessitative singular)
kǖmelig (necessitative singular)
kǖmelig biz (necessitative plural)
kǖmelig siz (necessitative plural)
kǖmelig (necessitative plural)
kǖyeyin (imperative singular)
kǖ (imperative singular)
kǖgil (imperative singular)
kǖzün (imperative singular)
kǖyelim (imperative plural)
kǖyüŋ (imperative plural)
kǖzün (imperative plural)
kǖmemek (infinitive negative)
kǖmegen (negative participle present)
kǖmegme (negative participle present)
kǖmez (negative participle present)
kǖmedük (negative participle past)
kǖmemiš (negative participle past)
kǖmeči (future negative participle)
kǖmesik (future negative participle)
kǖmeyeček (future negative participle)
kǖmeme (negative noun-from-verb)
kǖmeg (negative noun-from-verb)
kǖmegü (negative noun-from-verb)
kǖmeš (adverbial negative)
kǖmez ben (aorist indicative negative singular)
kǖmez sen (aorist indicative negative singular)
kǖmez (aorist indicative negative singular)
kǖmez biz (aorist indicative negative plural)
kǖmez siz (aorist indicative negative plural)
kǖmez (aorist indicative negative plural)
kǖmedüm (indicative negative past singular)
kǖmedüŋ (indicative negative past singular)
kǖmedi (indicative negative past singular)
kǖmedük (indicative negative past plural)
kǖmedümüz (indicative negative past plural)
kǖmedüŋüz (indicative negative past plural)
kǖmedi (indicative negative past plural)
kǖmemiš ben (indicative inferential negative past singular)
kǖmemiš sen (indicative inferential negative past singular)
kǖmemiš (indicative inferential negative past singular)
kǖmemiš biz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
kǖmemiš siz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
kǖmemiš (indicative inferential negative past plural)
kǖmeči ben (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmeyeček ben (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmeči sen (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmeyeček sen (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmeči (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmeyeček (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmeči biz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmeyeček biz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmeči siz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmeyeček siz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmeči (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmeyeček (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmegey ben (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmegey sen (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmegey (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmegey biz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmegey siz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmegey (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmesüküm (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmesüküŋ (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmesük (future indicative negative singular)
kǖmesükümüz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmesüküŋüz (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmesük (future indicative negative plural)
kǖmesem (conditional negative singular)
kǖmeser ben (conditional negative singular)
kǖmeseŋ (conditional negative singular)
kǖmeser sen (conditional negative singular)
kǖmese (conditional negative singular)
kǖmeser (conditional negative singular)
kǖmesek (conditional negative plural)
kǖmesemiz (conditional negative plural)
kǖmeser biz (conditional negative plural)
kǖmeseŋiz (conditional negative plural)
kǖmeser siz (conditional negative plural)
kǖmeseler (conditional negative plural)
kǖmeser (conditional negative plural)
kǖmegey ben (negative optative singular)
kǖmegey sen (negative optative singular)
kǖmegey (negative optative singular)
kǖmegey biz (negative optative plural)
kǖmegey siz (negative optative plural)
kǖmegey (negative optative plural)
kǖmemekde ben (negative progressive singular)
kǖmemekde sen (negative progressive singular)
kǖmemekde (negative progressive singular)
kǖmemekde biz (negative plural progressive)
kǖmemekde siz (negative plural progressive)
kǖmemekde (negative plural progressive)
kǖmemelig ben (necessitative negative singular)
kǖmemelig sen (necessitative negative singular)
kǖmemelig (necessitative negative singular)
kǖmemelig biz (necessitative negative plural)
kǖmemelig siz (necessitative negative plural)
kǖmemelig (necessitative negative plural)
kǖmeyeyin (imperative negative singular)
kǖme (imperative negative singular)
kǖmegil (imperative negative singular)
kǖmezün (imperative negative singular)
kǖmeyelim (imperative negative plural)
kǖmeyiŋ (imperative negative plural)
kǖmezün (imperative negative plural)

Proto-Common Turkic: *kǖ-

Oghuz:

>? Turkmen: güýmemek

Siberian:

Old Turkic:

Old Uyghur: kwy- (kü-)

The existence of this verb is uncertain, as it is only attested in Old Uyghur.
Clauson instead suggests that this is the root for *kǖg (“fame”).


töle-

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: دولنمك (dölenmek)

Ottoman Turkish: دولنمك (dölenmek), [script needed] (dölendirmek)

Turkish: dölenmek, döletmek, döleşmek, dölendirmek (dialect)

→⇒ Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (köngül dölenmegi, “tranquility of heart”)

⇒ Proto-Turkic: *tölek

al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 387

Oghuz: تُلَكْ (“tölek”)

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: دولك

Turkish: dölek

→ Chagatai: [script needed] (tölek)

→ Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (tölek)

→? Chuvash: тӳлек (tülek)

Cognate with Proto-Mongolic *döligen. Compare also Evenki дулумкӯн (dulumkūn, “quite”).


töle-

Oghuz: تُلاماكْ

Old Anatolian Turkish:

⇒ Azerbaijani: döllək (dialect)

From Proto-Turkic *töl, related to Turkmen döl.


īl-

Oghur:

⇒ Chuvash: йӑлӑ (jălă), йӑлмак (jălmak)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

⇒ Azerbaijani: ilmək (noun)

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: ilmek

⇒ Turkish: ilmek (noun)

Salar: ilgüsi

Turkmen: īlmek

Kipchak

Kipchak-Nogai:

Kazakh: ілу (ılu)

East Kipchak

Kyrgyz: илүү (ilüü)

Southern Altai: илер (iler)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Yakut: иил (iil)

(transitive) to catch, hold (using hand, hook, noose etc.)

(transitive) to hang (something from something else)


köń-

Oghur:

Chuvash: кӳ (kü, “strong smell of burnt”), кӗв (kĕv, “strong smell of burnt”), кӗвҫӗк (kĕvśĕk, “unpleasant (about smell)”), кӗвҫек (kĕvśek, “unpleasant (about smell)”)

Common Turkic:

al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume II, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 30

Argu: كُنْماكْ (könmēk)

Khalaj: könmək

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: كوينمك (göyünmek, göyinmek), كويندرمك (göyindürmek), كویمك (göymek), [Term?], [script needed] (göynümek)

⇒ Azerbaijani: göynəmək

Ottoman Turkish: كوينمك (göyünmek), كويندرمك (göyündürmek), گویمك (göymek), [Term?], [script needed] (göynümek)

Turkish: göynümek, (dialectal) göymek

Salar: köygüsi

Turkmen: köýmek

Karluk:

al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 246

Karakhanid: كُيْماكْ (köymek)

Chagatai: كویماك (köymak, küymak)

Uyghur: كۆيمەك (köymek)

Uzbek: kuymoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: күйөү (küyöw)

Tatar: күйү (küyü)

West Kipchak:

Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (küy-)

Karaim: [script needed] (küy-)

Kumyk: [script needed] (güy-)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (küyiv)

Kazakh: күю (küü)

Nogai: [script needed] (küy-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: күйүү (küyüü)

Southern Altai: кӱйер (küyer)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (köy-)

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tofa: [script needed] (xöö, “strong smell of burnt”)

Tuvan: хөө (xöö, “strong smell of burnt”)

Yenisei:

Shor: [script needed] (köy-)

Khakas: [script needed] (köy-)

Perhaps related to Proto-Mongolic *köge (“soot, hindrance”) and Ket куʼ (kuˀ, “coal, soot”). Whether Turkic verb is from Yeniseian or the inverse is not clear.


kïs-

kïsmak (infinitive)
kïsgan (participle present)
kïsïgma (participle present)
kïsar (participle present)
kïsduk (participle past)
kïsmïš (participle past)
kïsdačï (future participle)
kïsmakčï (future participle)
kïssïk (future participle)
kïsačak (future participle)
kïsma (noun-from-verb)
kïsïg (noun-from-verb)
kïsgu (noun-from-verb)
kïsïš (adverbial)
kïsar ben (aorist indicative singular)
kïsar sen (aorist indicative singular)
kïsar (aorist indicative singular)
kïsar biz (aorist indicative plural)
kïsar siz (aorist indicative plural)
kïsar (aorist indicative plural)
kïsdïm (indicative past singular)
kïsdïŋ (indicative past singular)
kïsdï (indicative past singular)
kïsdïk (indicative past plural)
kïsdïmïz (indicative past plural)
kïsdïŋïz (indicative past plural)
kïsdï (indicative past plural)
kïsmïš ben (indicative inferential past singular)
kïsmïš sen (indicative inferential past singular)
kïsmïš (indicative inferential past singular)
kïsmïš biz (indicative inferential past plural)
kïsmïš siz (indicative inferential past plural)
kïsmïš (indicative inferential past plural)
kïsdačï ben (future indicative singular)
kïsmakčï ben (future indicative singular)
kïsačak ben (future indicative singular)
kïsdačï sen (future indicative singular)
kïsmakčï sen (future indicative singular)
kïsačak sen (future indicative singular)
kïsdačï (future indicative singular)
kïsmakčï (future indicative singular)
kïsačak (future indicative singular)
kïsdačï biz (future indicative plural)
kïsmakčï biz (future indicative plural)
kïsačak biz (future indicative plural)
kïsdačï siz (future indicative plural)
kïsmakčï siz (future indicative plural)
kïsačak siz (future indicative plural)
kïsdačï (future indicative plural)
kïsmakčï (future indicative plural)
kïsačak (future indicative plural)
kïsgay ben (future indicative singular)
kïsgay sen (future indicative singular)
kïsgay (future indicative singular)
kïsgay biz (future indicative plural)
kïsgay siz (future indicative plural)
kïsgay (future indicative plural)
kïssïkïm (future indicative singular)
kïssïkïŋ (future indicative singular)
kïssïk (future indicative singular)
kïssïkïmïz (future indicative plural)
kïssïkïŋïz (future indicative plural)
kïssïk (future indicative plural)
kïssam (conditional singular)
kïssar ben (conditional singular)
kïssaŋ (conditional singular)
kïssar sen (conditional singular)
kïssa (conditional singular)
kïssar (conditional singular)
kïssak (conditional plural)
kïssamïz (conditional plural)
kïssar biz (conditional plural)
kïssaŋïz (conditional plural)
kïssar siz (conditional plural)
kïssalar (conditional plural)
kïssar (conditional plural)
kïsgay ben (optative singular)
kïsgay sen (optative singular)
kïsgay (optative singular)
kïsgay biz (optative plural)
kïsgay siz (optative plural)
kïsgay (optative plural)
kïsmakda ben (progressive singular)
kïsmakda sen (progressive singular)
kïsmakda (progressive singular)
kïsmakda biz (plural progressive)
kïsmakda siz (plural progressive)
kïsmakda (plural progressive)
kïsmalïg ben (necessitative singular)
kïsmalïg sen (necessitative singular)
kïsmalïg (necessitative singular)
kïsmalïg biz (necessitative plural)
kïsmalïg siz (necessitative plural)
kïsmalïg (necessitative plural)
kïsayïn (imperative singular)
kïs (imperative singular)
kïsgïl (imperative singular)
kïszun (imperative singular)
kïsalïm (imperative plural)
kïsïŋ (imperative plural)
kïszun (imperative plural)
kïsmamak (infinitive negative)
kïsmagan (negative participle present)
kïsmagma (negative participle present)
kïsmaz (negative participle present)
kïsmaduk (negative participle past)
kïsmamïš (negative participle past)
kïsmačï (future negative participle)
kïsmasïk (future negative participle)
kïsmayačak (future negative participle)
kïsmama (negative noun-from-verb)
kïsmag (negative noun-from-verb)
kïsmagu (negative noun-from-verb)
kïsmayïš (adverbial negative)
kïsmaz ben (aorist indicative negative singular)
kïsmaz sen (aorist indicative negative singular)
kïsmaz (aorist indicative negative singular)
kïsmaz biz (aorist indicative negative plural)
kïsmaz siz (aorist indicative negative plural)
kïsmaz (aorist indicative negative plural)
kïsmadïm (indicative negative past singular)
kïsmadïŋ (indicative negative past singular)
kïsmadï (indicative negative past singular)
kïsmadïk (indicative negative past plural)
kïsmadïmïz (indicative negative past plural)
kïsmadïŋïz (indicative negative past plural)
kïsmadï (indicative negative past plural)
kïsmamïš ben (indicative inferential negative past singular)
kïsmamïš sen (indicative inferential negative past singular)
kïsmamïš (indicative inferential negative past singular)
kïsmamïš biz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
kïsmamïš siz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
kïsmamïš (indicative inferential negative past plural)
kïsmačï ben (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmayačak ben (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmačï sen (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmayačak sen (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmačï (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmayačak (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmačï biz (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmayačak biz (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmačï siz (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmayačak siz (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmačï (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmayačak (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmagay ben (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmagay sen (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmagay (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmagay biz (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmagay siz (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmagay (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmasïkïm (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmasïkïŋ (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmasïk (future indicative negative singular)
kïsmasïkïmïz (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmasïkïŋïz (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmasïk (future indicative negative plural)
kïsmasam (conditional negative singular)
kïsmasar ben (conditional negative singular)
kïsmasaŋ (conditional negative singular)
kïsmasar sen (conditional negative singular)
kïsmasa (conditional negative singular)
kïsmasar (conditional negative singular)
kïsmasak (conditional negative plural)
kïsmasamïz (conditional negative plural)
kïsmasar biz (conditional negative plural)
kïsmasaŋïz (conditional negative plural)
kïsmasar siz (conditional negative plural)
kïsmasalar (conditional negative plural)
kïsmasar (conditional negative plural)
kïsmagay ben (negative optative singular)
kïsmagay sen (negative optative singular)
kïsmagay (negative optative singular)
kïsmagay biz (negative optative plural)
kïsmagay siz (negative optative plural)
kïsmagay (negative optative plural)
kïsmamakda ben (negative progressive singular)
kïsmamakda sen (negative progressive singular)
kïsmamakda (negative progressive singular)
kïsmamakda biz (negative plural progressive)
kïsmamakda siz (negative plural progressive)
kïsmamakda (negative plural progressive)
kïsmamalïg ben (necessitative negative singular)
kïsmamalïg sen (necessitative negative singular)
kïsmamalïg (necessitative negative singular)
kïsmamalïg biz (necessitative negative plural)
kïsmamalïg siz (necessitative negative plural)
kïsmamalïg (necessitative negative plural)
kïsmayayïn (imperative negative singular)
kïsma (imperative negative singular)
kïsmagïl (imperative negative singular)
kïsmazun (imperative negative singular)
kïsmayalïm (imperative negative plural)
kïsmayïŋ (imperative negative plural)
kïsmazun (imperative negative plural)

Oghur:

Chuvash: хӗс (hĕs)

desc

→ Proto-Mongolic: *kïsu- (“to constrain, make narrow, scrape”)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: qısmaq

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: قیصمق (kısmak), قصمق (kısmak), قسمق (kısmak)
Gagauz: kısmaa
Turkish: kısmak

Salar: qıs

Turkmen: gysmak

Karluk:

al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume II, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 11

Karakhanid: [script needed] (qïsmāq)

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Kazakh: қысу (qysu)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: кысуу (kısuu)

Southern Altai: кызар (kïzar)

Its relation to *kas- (“to squeeze, constrain”) is uncertain however Nişanyan considers them cognates.


tïgra-

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (tïğrāmāk)


yōn-

Oghur:

Chuvash: [script needed] (śon-)

Common Turkic: *yōn-

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: yonmaq

Ottoman Turkish: یونمق (yonmak)

Turkish: yonmak

Gagauz: yonmaa

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: ýōnmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (yon-)

Uzbek: yoʻnmoq

Uyghur: [script needed] (yonu-)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: [script needed] (jun-)

Tatar: [script needed] (jun-)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: жонуу (jonuu, “to whittle”)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

desc

Southern Altai: јонор (ǰonor, “to plain, shave, slice”)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (yon-, “to shave, scrape”)

North Siberian:

Dolgan: һуор (huor)

Yakut: суор (suor)

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tuvan: чонар (çonar)

yontmak

Ottoman Turkish: یونتمق (yontmak); Turkish


tïŋla-

Oghur:

Chuvash: тӑнла (tănla)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Proto-Oghuz: *diŋle-

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (diŋle-)

Azerbaijani: dinləmək

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: دیڭلهمك (diŋlemek), دڭلمك (diñlemek), دیڭلمك (diñlemek), دڭلهمك (diñlemek), ديڭلهمك (diñlemek)
Turkish: dinlemek

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: diňlemek

Salar: diñne

Karluk:

desc

تِنْكْلاماقْ

Karakhanid: تِنْكْلاماقْ (tınglamaq)

Uzbek: tinglamoq

Uyghur: تىڭلىماق (tinglimaq)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: тыңлау (tıñlaw), тыңдау (tıñdaw)

Tatar: тыңларга (tıñlarga)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: тыңдау (tyñdau)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: тыңдоо (tıŋdoo)

Southern Altai: тыҥдаар (tïŋdaar)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐱃𐰃𐰭𐰞𐰀 (tïŋla-)

Old Uyghur: tynklʾmʾq (tïŋlamaq)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: дыңнаалаар (dıñnaalaar)

From *tiŋ (“reason, mind”) + *-la (“denominal suffix”). *tiŋ might be a loanword from Middle Chinese 聽 (theng, “to listen”) yet its back vowel & variant initial *d- make such a derivation difficult (Clauson, 1972:522).


yab-

Karluk:

desc

Chagatai: [script needed] (yav, “enemy”)

unattested verb, the meaning is probably about negative things.


ẹĺit-

Oghur:

Chuvash: илт (ilt)

desctree

Proto-Common Turkic: *ẹšit-
** Arghu:
*** Khalaj: eşitmək
** Proto-Oghuz: *ešid-, *ešit-
*** West Oghuz:
**** Old Anatolian Turkish: اشتمك (ẹşitmek), اشیدمك (ẹşidmek), اشدمك (ẹşidmek)
Azerbaijani: eşitmək
Gagauz: işitmää
Ottoman Turkish: ایشتمك, اشتمك (işitmek)
Turkish: işitmek
*** East Oghuz:
**** Turkmen: eşitmek
** Karluk:
*** Uyghur: ئىشىتمەك (ishitmek)
*** Uzbek: eshitmoq
** Kipchak:
*** North Kipchak:
**** Bashkir: ишетеү (işetew)
**** Tatar: ишетү (işetü)
*** West Kipchak:
**** Crimean Tatar: eşitmek
*** South Kipchak:
**** Kazakh: есту (estu)
*** East Kipchak:
**** Kyrgyz: эшитүү (eşitüü)
** Siberian:
*** Old Turkic: 𐰾𐰃𐰓 (éšid-)
*** North Siberian:
**** Dolgan: иһит (ihit)
**** Yakut: иһит (ihit)
*** South Siberian:
**** Yeniseian Turkic:
***** Khakas: истерге (isterge)


öltür-

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

desc

Old Anatolian Turkish: اولدرمك (öldürmäk)

Azerbaijani: öldürmək

Gagauz: öldürmää

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: اولدرمك (öldürmek)
Turkish: öldürmek

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: öldürmek

Kipchak:

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: өлтүрүү (öltürüü)

Southern Altai: ӧлтӱр- (öltür-)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: өлтіру (öltıru)

From *öl- (“to kill”) + *-tür (“causative and transitive suffix”).


ïsïr-

Oghur:

Chuvash: ҫырт (śyrt)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: ایصرمق (ısırmak)

Turkish: ısırmak

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (ïsïr-)

North Siberian:

Dolgan: ытыр (ıtır)

Yakut: ытыр (ıtır)


tod-

Oghur:

Chuvash: тӑран (tăran) < *todun- ?

Proto-Common Turkic: *tod-

Arghu:

Khalaj: todmaq

Oghuz:

Proto-Oghuz: *doy-

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: doymaq

Ottoman Turkish: دویمق (doymak)

Gagauz: doymaa

Turkish: doymak

East Oghuz:

Salar: toy

Turkmen: doýmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: تُذْماقْ (tuḏmʾq /toḏmaq/)

Chagatai: تویماق (toymaq)

Uyghur: تويماق (toymaq)

Uzbek: toʻymoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: туйыу (tuyıw)

West Kipchak:

Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (toy-)

Kumyk: [script needed] (toy-)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Kazakh: тою (toü)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: тоюу (toyuu)

Southern Altai: тойор (toyor)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (tod-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tod-)

North Siberian:

Dolgan: тот (tot)

Yakut: тот (tot)

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tuvan: тодар (todar)

Yenisei:

Shor: тос- (tos-)

Khakas: тос- (tos-)


kod-

Oghur:

Chuvash: хур (hur)

Proto-Common Turkic: *kod-

Proto-Oghuz: *goy-

West Oghuz:

desctree

Old Anatolian Turkish: قویمق (qoymaq)
Azerbaijani: qoymaq
Gagauz: koymaa
Ottoman Turkish: قویمق (koymak)
Turkish: koymak

East Oghuz:

Salar:

Turkmen: goýmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: قُذْماقْ (qoδmaq), قُتْماقْ (qotmaq), قُیْماقْ (qoymaq)
Chagatai:
Uyghur: قويۇش (qoyush)
Uzbek: qoʻymoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: ҡуйыу (quyıw)

Tatar: куйыу (quyıw)

West Kipchak:

Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (qoy-)

Kumyk: [script needed] (qoy-)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: қою (qoü)

Nogai: [script needed] (qoy-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: коюу (koyuu)

Southern Altai: койор (koyor)

Siberian:

desc

Old Turkic: [script needed] (kōd-), [script needed] (kōt-, “to put, to set down, to lay, to place”)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qod-)

Western Yugur: [script needed] (quz-)


ï̄-

[script needed]

Proto-Common Turkic: *ï̄-d- (“to send”); Old Turkic

Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽶𐽸𐽳𐽲→⇒? Khitan: 伊吐干→⇒? Proto-Mongolic: *ïduganClassical Mongolian: ᠢᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨMongolian: удган


umnït-

trk-cmn-conj-head

umnïttačï, umnïtmakčï, umnïtsïk, umnïtačak

umnïttačï ben, umnïtmakčï ben, umnïtačak ben

umnïttačï sen, umnïtmakčï sen, umnïtačak sen

umnïttačï biz, umnïtmakčï biz, umnïtačak biz

umnïttačï siz, umnïtmakčï siz, umnïtačak siz

umnïtmasak, umnïtmasamïz, umnïtmasar biz

umnïtmak (infinitive)
umnïtgan (participle present)
umnïtïgma (participle present)
umnïtur (participle present)
umnïttuk (participle past)
umnïtmïš (participle past)
umnïttačï (future participle)
umnïtmakčï (future participle)
umnïtsïk (future participle)
umnïtačak (future participle)
umnïtma (noun-from-verb)
umnïtïg (noun-from-verb)
umnïtgu (noun-from-verb)
umnïtïš (adverbial)
umnïtur ben (aorist indicative singular)
umnïtur sen (aorist indicative singular)
umnïtur (aorist indicative singular)
umnïtur biz (aorist indicative plural)
umnïtur siz (aorist indicative plural)
umnïtur (aorist indicative plural)
umnïttïm (indicative past singular)
umnïttïŋ (indicative past singular)
umnïttï (indicative past singular)
umnïttïk (indicative past plural)
umnïttïmïz (indicative past plural)
umnïttïŋïz (indicative past plural)
umnïttï (indicative past plural)
umnïtmïš ben (indicative inferential past singular)
umnïtmïš sen (indicative inferential past singular)
umnïtmïš (indicative inferential past singular)
umnïtmïš biz (indicative inferential past plural)
umnïtmïš siz (indicative inferential past plural)
umnïtmïš (indicative inferential past plural)
umnïttačï ben (future indicative singular)
umnïtmakčï ben (future indicative singular)
umnïtačak ben (future indicative singular)
umnïttačï sen (future indicative singular)
umnïtmakčï sen (future indicative singular)
umnïtačak sen (future indicative singular)
umnïttačï (future indicative singular)
umnïtmakčï (future indicative singular)
umnïtačak (future indicative singular)
umnïttačï biz (future indicative plural)
umnïtmakčï biz (future indicative plural)
umnïtačak biz (future indicative plural)
umnïttačï siz (future indicative plural)
umnïtmakčï siz (future indicative plural)
umnïtačak siz (future indicative plural)
umnïttačï (future indicative plural)
umnïtmakčï (future indicative plural)
umnïtačak (future indicative plural)
umnïtgay ben (future indicative singular)
umnïtgay sen (future indicative singular)
umnïtgay (future indicative singular)
umnïtgay biz (future indicative plural)
umnïtgay siz (future indicative plural)
umnïtgay (future indicative plural)
umnïtsïkïm (future indicative singular)
umnïtsïkïŋ (future indicative singular)
umnïtsïk (future indicative singular)
umnïtsïkïmïz (future indicative plural)
umnïtsïkïŋïz (future indicative plural)
umnïtsïk (future indicative plural)
umnïtsam (conditional singular)
umnïtsar ben (conditional singular)
umnïtsaŋ (conditional singular)
umnïtsar sen (conditional singular)
umnïtsa (conditional singular)
umnïtsar (conditional singular)
umnïtsak (conditional plural)
umnïtsamïz (conditional plural)
umnïtsar biz (conditional plural)
umnïtsaŋïz (conditional plural)
umnïtsar siz (conditional plural)
umnïtsalar (conditional plural)
umnïtsar (conditional plural)
umnïtgay ben (optative singular)
umnïtgay sen (optative singular)
umnïtgay (optative singular)
umnïtgay biz (optative plural)
umnïtgay siz (optative plural)
umnïtgay (optative plural)
umnïtmakda ben (progressive singular)
umnïtmakda sen (progressive singular)
umnïtmakda (progressive singular)
umnïtmakda biz (plural progressive)
umnïtmakda siz (plural progressive)
umnïtmakda (plural progressive)
umnïtmalïg ben (necessitative singular)
umnïtmalïg sen (necessitative singular)
umnïtmalïg (necessitative singular)
umnïtmalïg biz (necessitative plural)
umnïtmalïg siz (necessitative plural)
umnïtmalïg (necessitative plural)
umnïtayïn (imperative singular)
umnït (imperative singular)
umnïtgïl (imperative singular)
umnïtzun (imperative singular)
umnïtalïm (imperative plural)
umnïtïŋ (imperative plural)
umnïtzun (imperative plural)
umnïtmamak (infinitive negative)
umnïtmagan (negative participle present)
umnïtmagma (negative participle present)
umnïtmaz (negative participle present)
umnïtmaduk (negative participle past)
umnïtmamïš (negative participle past)
umnïtmačï (future negative participle)
umnïtmasïk (future negative participle)
umnïtmayačak (future negative participle)
umnïtmama (negative noun-from-verb)
umnïtmag (negative noun-from-verb)
umnïtmagu (negative noun-from-verb)
umnïtmayïš (adverbial negative)
umnïtmaz ben (aorist indicative negative singular)
umnïtmaz sen (aorist indicative negative singular)
umnïtmaz (aorist indicative negative singular)
umnïtmaz biz (aorist indicative negative plural)
umnïtmaz siz (aorist indicative negative plural)
umnïtmaz (aorist indicative negative plural)
umnïtmadïm (indicative negative past singular)
umnïtmadïŋ (indicative negative past singular)
umnïtmadï (indicative negative past singular)
umnïtmadïk (indicative negative past plural)
umnïtmadïmïz (indicative negative past plural)
umnïtmadïŋïz (indicative negative past plural)
umnïtmadï (indicative negative past plural)
umnïtmamïš ben (indicative inferential negative past singular)
umnïtmamïš sen (indicative inferential negative past singular)
umnïtmamïš (indicative inferential negative past singular)
umnïtmamïš biz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
umnïtmamïš siz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
umnïtmamïš (indicative inferential negative past plural)
umnïtmačï ben (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmayačak ben (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmačï sen (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmayačak sen (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmačï (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmayačak (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmačï biz (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmayačak biz (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmačï siz (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmayačak siz (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmačï (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmayačak (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmagay ben (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmagay sen (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmagay (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmagay biz (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmagay siz (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmagay (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmasïkïm (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmasïkïŋ (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmasïk (future indicative negative singular)
umnïtmasïkïmïz (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmasïkïŋïz (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmasïk (future indicative negative plural)
umnïtmasam (conditional negative singular)
umnïtmasar ben (conditional negative singular)
umnïtmasaŋ (conditional negative singular)
umnïtmasar sen (conditional negative singular)
umnïtmasa (conditional negative singular)
umnïtmasar (conditional negative singular)
umnïtmasak (conditional negative plural)
umnïtmasamïz (conditional negative plural)
umnïtmasar biz (conditional negative plural)
umnïtmasaŋïz (conditional negative plural)
umnïtmasar siz (conditional negative plural)
umnïtmasalar (conditional negative plural)
umnïtmasar (conditional negative plural)
umnïtmagay ben (negative optative singular)
umnïtmagay sen (negative optative singular)
umnïtmagay (negative optative singular)
umnïtmagay biz (negative optative plural)
umnïtmagay siz (negative optative plural)
umnïtmagay (negative optative plural)
umnïtmamakda ben (negative progressive singular)
umnïtmamakda sen (negative progressive singular)
umnïtmamakda (negative progressive singular)
umnïtmamakda biz (negative plural progressive)
umnïtmamakda siz (negative plural progressive)
umnïtmamakda (negative plural progressive)
umnïtmamalïg ben (necessitative negative singular)
umnïtmamalïg sen (necessitative negative singular)
umnïtmamalïg (necessitative negative singular)
umnïtmamalïg biz (necessitative negative plural)
umnïtmamalïg siz (necessitative negative plural)
umnïtmamalïg (necessitative negative plural)
umnïtmayayïn (imperative negative singular)
umnïtma (imperative negative singular)
umnïtmagïl (imperative negative singular)
umnïtmazun (imperative negative singular)
umnïtmayalïm (imperative negative plural)
umnïtmayïŋ (imperative negative plural)
umnïtmazun (imperative negative plural)

Oghur:

Chuvash: ман (man)

Proto-Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj:

Proto-Oghuz: *unït-, *unut-

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: unutmaq

Ottoman Turkish: اونوتمق (unutmak)

Gagauz: unutmaa

Turkish: unutmak

Salar: unıtğusı

Turkmen: unutmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: اُنِتْماقْ (unıtmaq)

Khorezmian Turkic: اونوتماق (“unutmak”)

Chagatai:

Uyghur: ئۇنتۇش (untush)

Uzbek: unutmoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: онотоу (onotow)

desc

Tatar: оныту (onıtu), онытырга (onıtırga)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: unutmaq

Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (unut-)

Karaim: [script needed] (unut-)

Kumyk: [script needed] (unut-)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: ұмыту (ūmytu)

Karakalpak: [script needed] (umıt-)

Nogai: [script needed] (umıt-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: унутуу (unutuu)

Southern Altai: ундыыр (undïïr)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (unıt-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (unut-)

Western Yugur: [script needed] (unut-)

North Siberian:

Dolgan: умун (umun)

Yakut: умун (umun)

South Siberian

Sayan:

Tuvan: уттур (uttur)

Yenisei:

Shor: ундударға (unuturğa)

Khakas: ундирға (undirğa)

Causative form of *umnï-.
Compare with Proto-Mongolic *umta- (“to sleep; forget”), *umarta- (“to sleep; forget”), Proto-Tungusic *omŋa- (“to forget”), Proto-Uralic *wune- (“to forget”). Whence Finnish unohtaa (“to forget”), Mongolian умартах (umartax, “to forget”) and Even омӈа- (omŋa-, “to forget”).


sī-

si-k-

to copulate; see there for further descendants

sī-k

urine; see there for further descendants

sīd-tük

Proto-Turkic: *sī-d- (“to urinate”) (see there for further descendants)


subsa-

Oghur:

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: suvsamaq

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: susamaq

Ottoman Turkish: صوسامق (susamak)

Turkish: susamak

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: suwsamak

Karluk:

desc

Karakhanid: [script needed] (suvsa-, “to be thirsty”)

Uyghur: ئۇسسۇماق (ussumaq)

Uzbek: suvsamoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: һыуһау (hıwhaw)

Tatar: сусау (susaw)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: сусау (susau)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: суусоо (suusoo)

Southern Altai: суузаар (suuzaar)

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Yeniseian:

Khakas: сухса- (suxsa-)

Sayan:

Tuvan: суксаар (suksaar)

From *sub (“water”) + *-sa (“desiderative suffix”).


yačan-

Oghur:

Chuvash: ҫӳзӗн (śüzĕn, “to be shocked”)

Proto-Common Turkic: *yačan-

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

desc

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (yaçanmak)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (yačan-)

Probably derived from the verbal root *yab-.

(intransitive) to be ashamed, embarrassed


tap-

Proto-Common Turkic: *tap-

Proto-Oghuz: *tap-

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: طاپمق (tapmak)

Turkish: tapmak

Salar: datğusı

Turkmen: tapmak

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Kazakh: табыну (tabynu)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: табынуу (tabınuu)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (tap-)

Siberian

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tap-)

→ Proto-Mongolic: *taxï- (“to sacrifice”)

Nişanyan suggests that both etymologies may be one in the same and the original meaning may have been "to run around" comparing *tabïĺ-, *tabra- (“to run around, hurry, flee”).

(Common Turkic, intransitive) to worship, serve

tap-ïn-

to worship, (reflexive); see there for further descendants


tap-

Oghur:

Chuvash: туп (tup)

Proto-Common Turkic: *tap-

Proto-Oghuz: *tap-

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: tapmaq

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (tapmaj)

Turkish: tapmak, dapmak (dialectal)

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: tapmak

Kipchak:

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: tapmaq

Karachay-Balkar: табаргъа (tabarğa)

Kumyk: [script needed] (tap)

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: табыу (tabıw)

Tatar: табу (tabu)

Central-Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (tap-)

Kazakh: табу (tabu)

Nogai: табув (tabuv)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: табуу (tabuu)

Southern Altai: табар (tabar)

Karluk:

Uzbek: topmoq

Uyghur: تاپماق (tapmaq)

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Yeniseian:

Khakas: табарға (tabarğa)

Shor: табарға (tabarğa)

Sayan:

Tofa: туъпар (tupar), туъфар (tufar)

Tuvan: тывар (tıvar)

→ Proto-Mongolic: *taxa- (“to guess”)


tapïn-

Oghur:

Chuvash:

Proto-Common Turkic: *tapïn-

Proto-Oghuz: *tapïn-

West Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: tapınmaq

Ottoman Turkish: طاپنمق (tapınmak)

Turkish: tapınmak

Karluk:

Uyghur: [script needed] (tevin-)

Uzbek: topinmoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: табыныу (tabınıw)

Tatar: табыну (tabınu)

Central Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (tabın-)

Kazakh: табыну (tabynu)

Nogai: [script needed] (tabın-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: табынуу (tabınuu)

Southern Altai: табынар (tabïnar)

From *tap- (“to worship, serve”) + *-ïn- (“reflexive suffix”).


todtur-

Oghur:

Chuvash: тӑрантар (tărant̬ar)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: doydurmaq

Kipchak:

East Kipchak:

Southern Altai: тойдырар (toydïrar)

Karluk

desctree

Chagatai: تویدورماق (toydurmaq)
Uzbek: toʻydirmoq

From *tod- (“to be full”) + *-tur (“causative suffix”)

suffix

(Common Turkic)

(transitive) to saturate, feed, make someone full


tüpkür-

Oghur:

Chuvash:

Proto-Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: tüpürmək, tüfürmək

Ottoman Turkish: توكورمك (tükürmek)

Turkish: tükürmek

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: tüýkürmek

Salar: tükürgüsi

Karluk:

Uzbek: tupurmoq

Uyghur: تۈكۈرمەك (tükürmek)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: төкөрөү (tököröw)

Tatar: төкерү (tökerü)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: tükürmek

Kumyk: тюкюрмек (tükürmek)

Karachay-Balkar: тюкюрюрге (tükürürge)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Southern Altai: тӱкӱрер (tükürer)

Teleut тӱкӱр (tükür-)

Kyrgyz: түкүрүү (tükürüü)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: түкиру (tükıru)

Kazakh: түкіру (tükıru)

desc

Nogai: туькуьруьв (tükürüv)

Nogai: туькуьруьв (tükürüv)

Siberian:

South Siberian:

Sayan:

Tofa: түккүр (tükkür-)

Tuvan: дүкпүр (dükpür), түкпүр (tükpür)

Yenisei:

Shor: тӱкӱр (tükür-)

Khakas: тӱкӱр (tükür)

From *tüp- + *-kür. The root either further related with Proto-Tungusic *tupi- (“to spit”) (whence also Nanai топимбори (topimbori)) , or a widespread onotamopoetic.


tur-

Oghur:

Chuvash: тӑр (tăr)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: turmaq

Proto-Oghuz: *dur-

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: طورمق (durmaq), در (-dur, -dür)

Azerbaijani: durmaq, -dir

Gagauz: durmaa, -dir

Ottoman Turkish: طورمق (durmak)

Turkish: durmak, -dir

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: durmak

Karluk:

Uyghur: تۇرماق (turmaq)

Uzbek: turmoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: тороу (torow)

Tatar: туру (turu)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: turmaq

Karachay-Balkar: турарга (turarga)

Kumyk: турмакъ (turmaq)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (tur-)

Kazakh: тұру (tūru)

Nogai: турув (turuv)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: туруу (turuu)

Southern Altai: турар (turar)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (tur-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tur-)

Western Yugur: tur

North Siberian:

Dolgan: тур (tur)

Yakut: тур (tur)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: турар (turar), тур (tur)

Yenisei:

Khakas: турарға (turarğa)

Shor: турарға (turarğa)


ōyna-

trk-cmn-conj-head

ōynadačï ben, ōynamakčï ben, ōynayačak ben

ōynadačï sen, ōynamakčï sen, ōynayačak sen

ōynadačï biz, ōynamakčï biz, ōynayačak biz

ōynadačï siz, ōynamakčï siz, ōynayačak siz

ōynamak (infinitive)
ōynagan (participle present)
ōynagma (participle present)
ōynar (participle present)
ōynaduk (participle past)
ōynamïš (participle past)
ōynadačï (future participle)
ōynamakčï (future participle)
ōynasïk (future participle)
ōynayačak (future participle)
ōynama (noun-from-verb)
ōynag (noun-from-verb)
ōynagu (noun-from-verb)
ōynaš (adverbial)
ōynar ben (aorist indicative singular)
ōynar sen (aorist indicative singular)
ōynar (aorist indicative singular)
ōynar biz (aorist indicative plural)
ōynar siz (aorist indicative plural)
ōynar (aorist indicative plural)
ōynadïm (indicative past singular)
ōynadïŋ (indicative past singular)
ōynadï (indicative past singular)
ōynadïk (indicative past plural)
ōynadïmïz (indicative past plural)
ōynadïŋïz (indicative past plural)
ōynadï (indicative past plural)
ōynamïš ben (indicative inferential past singular)
ōynamïš sen (indicative inferential past singular)
ōynamïš (indicative inferential past singular)
ōynamïš biz (indicative inferential past plural)
ōynamïš siz (indicative inferential past plural)
ōynamïš (indicative inferential past plural)
ōynadačï ben (future indicative singular)
ōynamakčï ben (future indicative singular)
ōynayačak ben (future indicative singular)
ōynadačï sen (future indicative singular)
ōynamakčï sen (future indicative singular)
ōynayačak sen (future indicative singular)
ōynadačï (future indicative singular)
ōynamakčï (future indicative singular)
ōynayačak (future indicative singular)
ōynadačï biz (future indicative plural)
ōynamakčï biz (future indicative plural)
ōynayačak biz (future indicative plural)
ōynadačï siz (future indicative plural)
ōynamakčï siz (future indicative plural)
ōynayačak siz (future indicative plural)
ōynadačï (future indicative plural)
ōynamakčï (future indicative plural)
ōynayačak (future indicative plural)
ōynagay ben (future indicative singular)
ōynagay sen (future indicative singular)
ōynagay (future indicative singular)
ōynagay biz (future indicative plural)
ōynagay siz (future indicative plural)
ōynagay (future indicative plural)
ōynasïkïm (future indicative singular)
ōynasïkïŋ (future indicative singular)
ōynasïk (future indicative singular)
ōynasïkïmïz (future indicative plural)
ōynasïkïŋïz (future indicative plural)
ōynasïk (future indicative plural)
ōynasam (conditional singular)
ōynasar ben (conditional singular)
ōynasaŋ (conditional singular)
ōynasar sen (conditional singular)
ōynasa (conditional singular)
ōynasar (conditional singular)
ōynasak (conditional plural)
ōynasamïz (conditional plural)
ōynasar biz (conditional plural)
ōynasaŋïz (conditional plural)
ōynasar siz (conditional plural)
ōynasalar (conditional plural)
ōynasar (conditional plural)
ōynagay ben (optative singular)
ōynagay sen (optative singular)
ōynagay (optative singular)
ōynagay biz (optative plural)
ōynagay siz (optative plural)
ōynagay (optative plural)
ōynamakda ben (progressive singular)
ōynamakda sen (progressive singular)
ōynamakda (progressive singular)
ōynamakda biz (plural progressive)
ōynamakda siz (plural progressive)
ōynamakda (plural progressive)
ōynamalïg ben (necessitative singular)
ōynamalïg sen (necessitative singular)
ōynamalïg (necessitative singular)
ōynamalïg biz (necessitative plural)
ōynamalïg siz (necessitative plural)
ōynamalïg (necessitative plural)
ōynayayïn (imperative singular)
ōyna (imperative singular)
ōynagïl (imperative singular)
ōynazun (imperative singular)
ōynayalïm (imperative plural)
ōynayïŋ (imperative plural)
ōynazun (imperative plural)
ōynamamak (infinitive negative)
ōynamagan (negative participle present)
ōynamagma (negative participle present)
ōynamaz (negative participle present)
ōynamaduk (negative participle past)
ōynamamïš (negative participle past)
ōynamačï (future negative participle)
ōynamasïk (future negative participle)
ōynamayačak (future negative participle)
ōynamama (negative noun-from-verb)
ōynamag (negative noun-from-verb)
ōynamagu (negative noun-from-verb)
ōynamaš (adverbial negative)
ōynamaz ben (aorist indicative negative singular)
ōynamaz sen (aorist indicative negative singular)
ōynamaz (aorist indicative negative singular)
ōynamaz biz (aorist indicative negative plural)
ōynamaz siz (aorist indicative negative plural)
ōynamaz (aorist indicative negative plural)
ōynamadïm (indicative negative past singular)
ōynamadïŋ (indicative negative past singular)
ōynamadï (indicative negative past singular)
ōynamadïk (indicative negative past plural)
ōynamadïmïz (indicative negative past plural)
ōynamadïŋïz (indicative negative past plural)
ōynamadï (indicative negative past plural)
ōynamamïš ben (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ōynamamïš sen (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ōynamamïš (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ōynamamïš biz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ōynamamïš siz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ōynamamïš (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ōynamačï ben (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamayačak ben (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamačï sen (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamayačak sen (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamačï (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamayačak (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamačï biz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamayačak biz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamačï siz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamayačak siz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamačï (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamayačak (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamagay ben (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamagay sen (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamagay (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamagay biz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamagay siz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamagay (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamasïkïm (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamasïkïŋ (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamasïk (future indicative negative singular)
ōynamasïkïmïz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamasïkïŋïz (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamasïk (future indicative negative plural)
ōynamasam (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasar ben (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasaŋ (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasar sen (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasa (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasar (conditional negative singular)
ōynamasak (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasamïz (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasar biz (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasaŋïz (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasar siz (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasalar (conditional negative plural)
ōynamasar (conditional negative plural)
ōynamagay ben (negative optative singular)
ōynamagay sen (negative optative singular)
ōynamagay (negative optative singular)
ōynamagay biz (negative optative plural)
ōynamagay siz (negative optative plural)
ōynamagay (negative optative plural)
ōynamamakda ben (negative progressive singular)
ōynamamakda sen (negative progressive singular)
ōynamamakda (negative progressive singular)
ōynamamakda biz (negative plural progressive)
ōynamamakda siz (negative plural progressive)
ōynamamakda (negative plural progressive)
ōynamamalïg ben (necessitative negative singular)
ōynamamalïg sen (necessitative negative singular)
ōynamamalïg (necessitative negative singular)
ōynamamalïg biz (necessitative negative plural)
ōynamamalïg siz (necessitative negative plural)
ōynamamalïg (necessitative negative plural)
ōynamayayïn (imperative negative singular)
ōynama (imperative negative singular)
ōynamagïl (imperative negative singular)
ōynamazun (imperative negative singular)
ōynamayalïm (imperative negative plural)
ōynamayïŋ (imperative negative plural)
ōynamazun (imperative negative plural)

Common Turkic:

Arghu:

Khalaj: oynamaq

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: oynamaq

Ottoman Turkish: اوینامق (oynamak)

Turkish: oynamak

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: oýnamak

Karluk:

Uyghur: ئوينىماق (oynimaq)

Uzbek: oʻynamoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: уйнау (uynaw)

Tatar: уйнау (uynaw)

West Kipchak:

Crimean Tatar: oynamaq

Kumyk: ойнамакъ (oynamaq)

South Kipchak:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (oyna-)

Kazakh: ойнау (oinau)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: ойноо (oynoo)

Southern Altai: ойноор (oynoor)

Siberian:

Old Turkic:

Old Uyghur: wynʾ- (oyna-)

North Siberian:

desc

Dolgan: оойноо (ooynoo), оойньоо (ooyńoo)

Yakut: оонньоо (oonnyoo)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: ойнаар (oynaar)

Yenisei:

Khakas: ойнирға (oynirğa)

Shor: турарға (turarğa)


yaŋïl-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: یاڭلمق (yañılmak)
Turkish: yanılmak

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰭𐰞 (yaŋïl-)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak

desc

⇒ Bashkir: яңылышыу (yañılışıw)

⇒ Bashkir: яңылышыу (yañılışıw)

⇒ Tatar: ялгышу (yalgışu)

West Kipchak

Kumyk: янгылмакъ (yañılmaq)

South Kipchak

Kazakh: жаңылу (jañylu)

East Kipchak

Kyrgyz: жаңылуу (jaŋıluu)

Proto-Common Turkic: *yaŋlïš

Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: yanlış

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: یاكلیش (yañlış), یاڭلش (yañlış)
Turkish: yanlış
→ Albanian: janglaish
→ Aromanian: ianglãshi, ianglãshe, ianglãshã
→ Bulgarian: янлъш (janlǎš)
→ Macedonian: јанлаш (janlaš), јалнаш (jalnaš)
→ Serbo-Croatian: ја̀нлиш /jànliš

Turkmen: ýalňyş

Karluk:

Uzbek: yanglish

Kipchak:

North Kipchak

Bashkir: яңылыш (yañılış)

Tatar: ялгыш (yalgış)

West Kipchak

Crimean Tatar: yañlış

desc

Kumyk: янгылыш (yañılış)

Kumyk: янгылыш (yañılış)

South Kipchak

Kazakh: жаңылыс (jañylys)

East Kipchak

Kyrgyz: жаңылыш (jaŋılış)

⇒ Southern Altai: јаҥылчы (ǰaŋïlčï)

Proto-Common Turkic: *yaŋluk

Siberian

Old Turkic: [script needed] (yaŋluk)

(intransitive) to mistake, make an error, be wrong


tāl-

Common Turkic:

Proto-Oghuz: *dāl-

West Oghuz:

desctree

Old Anatolian Turkish: طالمق (dalmaq, “to dive”), دالمق (dalmaq)
Azerbaijani: dalmaq
Gagauz: dalmaa
Ottoman Turkish: طالمق (dalmak), دالمق (dalmak)
Turkish: dalmak
→ Armenian: տալմիշ (talmiš), դալմիշ (dalmiš)

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: dālmak (dial)

North Kipchak:

Tatar: талау (talaw) (dial)

West Kipchak:

Karaim: [script needed] (dal-)

𐱃𐰞𐰆𐰖

*tāluy (“sea, ocean”) (if not < MC 大灅 (dầj-lwi)); Old Turkic


bȫl-

Arghu:

Khalaj: bö̂lmək

Karluk:

Uyghur: بۆلمەك (bölmek)

Uzbek: boʻlmoq

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: бөлу (bölu)

Nogai: боьлуьв (bölüv)

East Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: бөлүү (bölüü)

Southern Altai: бӧлӧр (bölör)

Oghuz:

Azerbaijani: bölmək

Ottoman Turkish: بولمك (bölmek)

Turkish: bölmek

Turkmen: bölmek


kaĺčï-

Oghur:

Chuvash: хыҫ (hyś)

Proto-Common Turkic: *qašï-

Arghu:

Khalaj: qaşımaq

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: qaşımaq

Ottoman Turkish: قاشيمق (kaşımak)

Turkish: kaşımak

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: gaşamak

Karluk:

Uzbek: qashimoq

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Yakut: кыһый (kıhıy)


emgekle-

Common Turkic:

Proto-Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

desc

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (emekle-)

Turkish: emeklemek (“to crawl”)

Salar: ömüklegüsi

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (emgeklenmek)

Chagatai: [script needed] (emgekle-)

Uyghur: [script needed] (ömilimek)

Kipchak: [script needed] (emgekle-)

North Kipchak:

Tatar: имгәкләргә (imgäklärgä)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Kazakh: еңбектеу (eñbekteu)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: эмгектөө (emgektöö)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (ömgekle-)

From *emgek (“bother, worry, pains”) + *-le.


kegre-

Proto-Common Turkic: *...

Oghuz:

Ottoman Turkish: گورمك

Turkish: gevremek

Kipchak:

Kipchak-Nogai:

Kazakh: күйреу (küireu)

(intransitive) to weaken, to become loose


ȫ-

ȫmek (infinitive)
ȫgen (participle present)
ȫgme (participle present)
ȫr (participle present)
ȫdük (participle past)
ȫmiš (participle past)
ȫdeči (future participle)
ȫmekči (future participle)
ȫsik (future participle)
ȫyeček (future participle)
ȫme (noun-from-verb)
ȫg (noun-from-verb)
ȫgü (noun-from-verb)
ȫš (adverbial)
ȫr ben (aorist indicative singular)
ȫr sen (aorist indicative singular)
ȫr (aorist indicative singular)
ȫr biz (aorist indicative plural)
ȫr siz (aorist indicative plural)
ȫr (aorist indicative plural)
ȫdüm (indicative past singular)
ȫdüŋ (indicative past singular)
ȫdi (indicative past singular)
ȫdük (indicative past plural)
ȫdümüz (indicative past plural)
ȫdüŋüz (indicative past plural)
ȫdi (indicative past plural)
ȫmiš ben (indicative inferential past singular)
ȫmiš sen (indicative inferential past singular)
ȫmiš (indicative inferential past singular)
ȫmiš biz (indicative inferential past plural)
ȫmiš siz (indicative inferential past plural)
ȫmiš (indicative inferential past plural)
ȫdeči ben (future indicative singular)
ȫmekči ben (future indicative singular)
ȫyeček ben (future indicative singular)
ȫdeči sen (future indicative singular)
ȫmekči sen (future indicative singular)
ȫyeček sen (future indicative singular)
ȫdeči (future indicative singular)
ȫmekči (future indicative singular)
ȫyeček (future indicative singular)
ȫdeči biz (future indicative plural)
ȫmekči biz (future indicative plural)
ȫyeček biz (future indicative plural)
ȫdeči siz (future indicative plural)
ȫmekči siz (future indicative plural)
ȫyeček siz (future indicative plural)
ȫdeči (future indicative plural)
ȫmekči (future indicative plural)
ȫyeček (future indicative plural)
ȫgey ben (future indicative singular)
ȫgey sen (future indicative singular)
ȫgey (future indicative singular)
ȫgey biz (future indicative plural)
ȫgey siz (future indicative plural)
ȫgey (future indicative plural)
ȫsüküm (future indicative singular)
ȫsüküŋ (future indicative singular)
ȫsük (future indicative singular)
ȫsükümüz (future indicative plural)
ȫsüküŋüz (future indicative plural)
ȫsük (future indicative plural)
ȫsem (conditional singular)
ȫser ben (conditional singular)
ȫseŋ (conditional singular)
ȫser sen (conditional singular)
ȫse (conditional singular)
ȫser (conditional singular)
ȫsek (conditional plural)
ȫsemiz (conditional plural)
ȫser biz (conditional plural)
ȫseŋiz (conditional plural)
ȫser siz (conditional plural)
ȫseler (conditional plural)
ȫser (conditional plural)
ȫgey ben (optative singular)
ȫgey sen (optative singular)
ȫgey (optative singular)
ȫgey biz (optative plural)
ȫgey siz (optative plural)
ȫgey (optative plural)
ȫmekde ben (progressive singular)
ȫmekde sen (progressive singular)
ȫmekde (progressive singular)
ȫmekde biz (plural progressive)
ȫmekde siz (plural progressive)
ȫmekde (plural progressive)
ȫmelig ben (necessitative singular)
ȫmelig sen (necessitative singular)
ȫmelig (necessitative singular)
ȫmelig biz (necessitative plural)
ȫmelig siz (necessitative plural)
ȫmelig (necessitative plural)
ȫyeyin (imperative singular)
ȫ (imperative singular)
ȫgil (imperative singular)
ȫzün (imperative singular)
ȫyelim (imperative plural)
ȫyüŋ (imperative plural)
ȫzün (imperative plural)
ȫmemek (infinitive negative)
ȫmegen (negative participle present)
ȫmegme (negative participle present)
ȫmez (negative participle present)
ȫmedük (negative participle past)
ȫmemiš (negative participle past)
ȫmeči (future negative participle)
ȫmesik (future negative participle)
ȫmeyeček (future negative participle)
ȫmeme (negative noun-from-verb)
ȫmeg (negative noun-from-verb)
ȫmegü (negative noun-from-verb)
ȫmeš (adverbial negative)
ȫmez ben (aorist indicative negative singular)
ȫmez sen (aorist indicative negative singular)
ȫmez (aorist indicative negative singular)
ȫmez biz (aorist indicative negative plural)
ȫmez siz (aorist indicative negative plural)
ȫmez (aorist indicative negative plural)
ȫmedüm (indicative negative past singular)
ȫmedüŋ (indicative negative past singular)
ȫmedi (indicative negative past singular)
ȫmedük (indicative negative past plural)
ȫmedümüz (indicative negative past plural)
ȫmedüŋüz (indicative negative past plural)
ȫmedi (indicative negative past plural)
ȫmemiš ben (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ȫmemiš sen (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ȫmemiš (indicative inferential negative past singular)
ȫmemiš biz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ȫmemiš siz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ȫmemiš (indicative inferential negative past plural)
ȫmeči ben (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeyeček ben (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeči sen (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeyeček sen (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeči (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeyeček (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmeči biz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmeyeček biz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmeči siz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmeyeček siz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmeči (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmeyeček (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmegey ben (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmegey sen (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmegey (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmegey biz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmegey siz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmegey (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmesüküm (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmesüküŋ (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmesük (future indicative negative singular)
ȫmesükümüz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmesüküŋüz (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmesük (future indicative negative plural)
ȫmesem (conditional negative singular)
ȫmeser ben (conditional negative singular)
ȫmeseŋ (conditional negative singular)
ȫmeser sen (conditional negative singular)
ȫmese (conditional negative singular)
ȫmeser (conditional negative singular)
ȫmesek (conditional negative plural)
ȫmesemiz (conditional negative plural)
ȫmeser biz (conditional negative plural)
ȫmeseŋiz (conditional negative plural)
ȫmeser siz (conditional negative plural)
ȫmeseler (conditional negative plural)
ȫmeser (conditional negative plural)
ȫmegey ben (negative optative singular)
ȫmegey sen (negative optative singular)
ȫmegey (negative optative singular)
ȫmegey biz (negative optative plural)
ȫmegey siz (negative optative plural)
ȫmegey (negative optative plural)
ȫmemekde ben (negative progressive singular)
ȫmemekde sen (negative progressive singular)
ȫmemekde (negative progressive singular)
ȫmemekde biz (negative plural progressive)
ȫmemekde siz (negative plural progressive)
ȫmemekde (negative plural progressive)
ȫmemelig ben (necessitative negative singular)
ȫmemelig sen (necessitative negative singular)
ȫmemelig (necessitative negative singular)
ȫmemelig biz (necessitative negative plural)
ȫmemelig siz (necessitative negative plural)
ȫmemelig (necessitative negative plural)
ȫmeyeyin (imperative negative singular)
ȫme (imperative negative singular)
ȫmegil (imperative negative singular)
ȫmezün (imperative negative singular)
ȫmeyelim (imperative negative plural)
ȫmeyiŋ (imperative negative plural)
ȫmezün (imperative negative plural)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: اُوماكْ (ȫmēk)

⇒ Karakhanid: اُڭا (ȫge, “wise”)

Uyghur: ئوي (oy, “idea, opinion”), ئويلاماق (oylamaq, “to think”)

Kipchak:

Kipchak–Nogai:

Nogai: ойлав (oylav)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰇 (ü /ö-/)

Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾwymʾk /ö-/)

North Siberian:

Yakut: үөй (üöy)

Perhaps onomatopoeic, replicating the idle sounds people make when thinking or hesitating like "er" or "um". .


īŕle-

īŕlettür-

*īŕlet- (“to make someone or something watch”)

to make someone or something make someone or something watch


kökre-

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: kükrəmək

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (kükremek)

Turkish: kükremek

Turkmen: kükremek

Karluk:

Karakhanid: كُكْراماكْ (kökre:me:k)

Chagatai: [script needed] (kökremek)

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Southern Altai: [script needed] (kököro-)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kökre-)


külümsin-

trk-cmn-conj-head

külümsinteči, külümsinmekči, külümsinsik, külümsineček

külümsinteči ben, külümsinmekči ben, külümsineček ben

külümsinteči sen, külümsinmekči sen, külümsineček sen

külümsinteči biz, külümsinmekči biz, külümsineček biz

külümsinteči siz, külümsinmekči siz, külümsineček siz

külümsinsek, külümsinsemiz, külümsinser biz

külümsinmesek, külümsinmesemiz, külümsinmeser biz

külümsinmek (infinitive)
külümsingen (participle present)
külümsinigme (participle present)
külümsinür (participle present)
külümsintük (participle past)
külümsinmiš (participle past)
külümsinteči (future participle)
külümsinmekči (future participle)
külümsinsik (future participle)
külümsineček (future participle)
külümsinme (noun-from-verb)
külümsinig (noun-from-verb)
külümsingü (noun-from-verb)
külümsiniš (adverbial)
külümsinür ben (aorist indicative singular)
külümsinür sen (aorist indicative singular)
külümsinür (aorist indicative singular)
külümsinür biz (aorist indicative plural)
külümsinür siz (aorist indicative plural)
külümsinür (aorist indicative plural)
külümsintim (indicative past singular)
külümsintiŋ (indicative past singular)
külümsinti (indicative past singular)
külümsintik (indicative past plural)
külümsintimiz (indicative past plural)
külümsintiŋiz (indicative past plural)
külümsinti (indicative past plural)
külümsinmiš ben (indicative inferential past singular)
külümsinmiš sen (indicative inferential past singular)
külümsinmiš (indicative inferential past singular)
külümsinmiš biz (indicative inferential past plural)
külümsinmiš siz (indicative inferential past plural)
külümsinmiš (indicative inferential past plural)
külümsinteči ben (future indicative singular)
külümsinmekči ben (future indicative singular)
külümsineček ben (future indicative singular)
külümsinteči sen (future indicative singular)
külümsinmekči sen (future indicative singular)
külümsineček sen (future indicative singular)
külümsinteči (future indicative singular)
külümsinmekči (future indicative singular)
külümsineček (future indicative singular)
külümsinteči biz (future indicative plural)
külümsinmekči biz (future indicative plural)
külümsineček biz (future indicative plural)
külümsinteči siz (future indicative plural)
külümsinmekči siz (future indicative plural)
külümsineček siz (future indicative plural)
külümsinteči (future indicative plural)
külümsinmekči (future indicative plural)
külümsineček (future indicative plural)
külümsingey ben (future indicative singular)
külümsingey sen (future indicative singular)
külümsingey (future indicative singular)
külümsingey biz (future indicative plural)
külümsingey siz (future indicative plural)
külümsingey (future indicative plural)
külümsinsikim (future indicative singular)
külümsinsikiŋ (future indicative singular)
külümsinsik (future indicative singular)
külümsinsikimiz (future indicative plural)
külümsinsikiŋiz (future indicative plural)
külümsinsik (future indicative plural)
külümsinsem (conditional singular)
külümsinser ben (conditional singular)
külümsinseŋ (conditional singular)
külümsinser sen (conditional singular)
külümsinse (conditional singular)
külümsinser (conditional singular)
külümsinsek (conditional plural)
külümsinsemiz (conditional plural)
külümsinser biz (conditional plural)
külümsinseŋiz (conditional plural)
külümsinser siz (conditional plural)
külümsinseler (conditional plural)
külümsinser (conditional plural)
külümsingey ben (optative singular)
külümsingey sen (optative singular)
külümsingey (optative singular)
külümsingey biz (optative plural)
külümsingey siz (optative plural)
külümsingey (optative plural)
külümsinmekde ben (progressive singular)
külümsinmekde sen (progressive singular)
külümsinmekde (progressive singular)
külümsinmekde biz (plural progressive)
külümsinmekde siz (plural progressive)
külümsinmekde (plural progressive)
külümsinmelig ben (necessitative singular)
külümsinmelig sen (necessitative singular)
külümsinmelig (necessitative singular)
külümsinmelig biz (necessitative plural)
külümsinmelig siz (necessitative plural)
külümsinmelig (necessitative plural)
külümsineyin (imperative singular)
külümsin (imperative singular)
külümsingil (imperative singular)
külümsinzün (imperative singular)
külümsinelim (imperative plural)
külümsiniŋ (imperative plural)
külümsinzün (imperative plural)
külümsinmemek (infinitive negative)
külümsinmegen (negative participle present)
külümsinmegme (negative participle present)
külümsinmez (negative participle present)
külümsinmedük (negative participle past)
külümsinmemiš (negative participle past)
külümsinmeči (future negative participle)
külümsinmesik (future negative participle)
külümsinmeyeček (future negative participle)
külümsinmeme (negative noun-from-verb)
külümsinmeg (negative noun-from-verb)
külümsinmegü (negative noun-from-verb)
külümsinmeyiš (adverbial negative)
külümsinmez ben (aorist indicative negative singular)
külümsinmez sen (aorist indicative negative singular)
külümsinmez (aorist indicative negative singular)
külümsinmez biz (aorist indicative negative plural)
külümsinmez siz (aorist indicative negative plural)
külümsinmez (aorist indicative negative plural)
külümsinmedim (indicative negative past singular)
külümsinmediŋ (indicative negative past singular)
külümsinmedi (indicative negative past singular)
külümsinmedik (indicative negative past plural)
külümsinmedimiz (indicative negative past plural)
külümsinmediŋiz (indicative negative past plural)
külümsinmedi (indicative negative past plural)
külümsinmemiš ben (indicative inferential negative past singular)
külümsinmemiš sen (indicative inferential negative past singular)
külümsinmemiš (indicative inferential negative past singular)
külümsinmemiš biz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
külümsinmemiš siz (indicative inferential negative past plural)
külümsinmemiš (indicative inferential negative past plural)
külümsinmeči ben (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeyeček ben (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeči sen (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeyeček sen (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeči (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeyeček (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmeči biz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmeyeček biz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmeči siz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmeyeček siz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmeči (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmeyeček (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmegey ben (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmegey sen (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmegey (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmegey biz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmegey siz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmegey (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmesikim (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmesikiŋ (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmesik (future indicative negative singular)
külümsinmesikimiz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmesikiŋiz (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmesik (future indicative negative plural)
külümsinmesem (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmeser ben (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmeseŋ (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmeser sen (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmese (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmeser (conditional negative singular)
külümsinmesek (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmesemiz (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmeser biz (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmeseŋiz (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmeser siz (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmeseler (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmeser (conditional negative plural)
külümsinmegey ben (negative optative singular)
külümsinmegey sen (negative optative singular)
külümsinmegey (negative optative singular)
külümsinmegey biz (negative optative plural)
külümsinmegey siz (negative optative plural)
külümsinmegey (negative optative plural)
külümsinmemekde ben (negative progressive singular)
külümsinmemekde sen (negative progressive singular)
külümsinmemekde (negative progressive singular)
külümsinmemekde biz (negative plural progressive)
külümsinmemekde siz (negative plural progressive)
külümsinmemekde (negative plural progressive)
külümsinmemelig ben (necessitative negative singular)
külümsinmemelig sen (necessitative negative singular)
külümsinmemelig (necessitative negative singular)
külümsinmemelig biz (necessitative negative plural)
külümsinmemelig siz (necessitative negative plural)
külümsinmemelig (necessitative negative plural)
külümsinmeyeyin (imperative negative singular)
külümsinme (imperative negative singular)
külümsinmegil (imperative negative singular)
külümsinmezün (imperative negative singular)
külümsinmeyelim (imperative negative plural)
külümsinmeyiŋ (imperative negative plural)
külümsinmezün (imperative negative plural)

Oghur:

⇒ Chuvash: куланҫи (kulanś̬i) (< *kül-ün-si-g)

desc

Proto-Common Turkic: *külümsin-, *külümsi-, *külsir-, *külümsire-

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (gülümsin-)

Azerbaijani: gülümsünmək

Ottoman Turkish: كولمسیمك (gülümsimek)

Turkish: gülümsemek

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: gülümsiremek, gülümjiremek

Karluk:

Karakhanid: külsirmēk

Uzbek: kulimsiramoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

көлөмһөрәргә

Bashkir: көлөмһөрәргә (kölömhörərgə)

Bashkir: көлөмһөрәргә (kölömhörərgə)

көлемсерергә

Tatar: көлемсерергә (kölemserergä)

West Kipchak:

Karaim: кÿлÿмсэ

Karaim: кÿлÿмсэ

South Kipchak: *külüm-le-

Kazakh: күлимдеу (külimdeu), күлимсиреу (külimsireu)

East Kipchak:

Southern Altai: кӱлӱмзрер (külümzrer)

There are historically four main forms across different languages:
# *külüm (“smile”) + *-si- and its reflexive form *külüm (“smile”) + *-sin-.
# *kül- (“to laugh”) + *-si- + *-r-
# *külüm (“smile”) + *-si- + *-r + *-e-.


ödkün-

Proto-Common Turkic: *ödkün-

Oghuz:

West Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: öykünmek

East Oghuz:

Turkmen: öýkünmek

Karluk

Karakhanid: [script needed] (ötgün-)

Kipchak:

Western Kipchak:

Karaim: [script needed] (etkin-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Southern Altai: ӧткӧн- (ötkön-)

Siberian:

North Siberian:

Dolgan: үтүгүн (ütügün)

Yakut: үтүгүн (ütügün)

Sayan:

Tuvan: өттүнер (öttüner)


yaĺ-

Proto-Common Turkic: *yaĺ- (“to hide”)

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: یاشمق (yaşmaq, “to hide, to cover”)

Azerbaijani: yaşmaq (dialectal)

Turkish: yaşmak (dialectal)

Turkmen: ýaşmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: يَشْماقْ (yašmaq)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (yaš-)

North Siberian:

Yakut: сас (sas)

⇒ Proto-Oghuz: *yašmak (“yashmak”)

Old Anatolian Turkish: یاشمق (yaşmaq)

Azerbaijani: yaşmaq

Ottoman Turkish: یاشمق (yaşmak)(see there for further descendants)

Turkish: yaşmak

Turkmen: ýaşmak

⇒ Proto-Common Turkic: *yalma (“raincoat”)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: يَلْما (yalmā, “raincoat”)

⇒ Proto-Oghuz: *yalmak

Old Anatolian Turkish: یلمق (yalmaq, “kaftan”)


igid-

Proto-Common Turkic: *igid- (“to feed”)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (igiδmek)

→ Turkish: eğitmek

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰃𐰏𐰓 (igd² /igid-/)

desctree

Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽸𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾykydmʾk /igidmek/, “to care for”)

desc

Proto-Common Turkic: *igdiš (“an animal bred domestically; crossbred animal; slave, servant”)

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (iğdiş)

Turkish: (dialectal, Aegean Turkish) iğdiş (“to castrate, to geld”)

Proto-Common Turkic: *igtü (“stall-fed animal”)

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (ekdi, ikdi)

Turkmen: ekdi (“quiet, tame”)

igid-iš

1. an animal bred domestically 2. crossbred animal 3. slave, servant


saru-

Oghur:

Chuvash: сырма (syrma)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: sarımaq

Ottoman Turkish: صارمق (sarmak)

Turkish: sarmak

Gagauz: sarmaa

Turkmen: saramak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (sarūmāk)

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Tatar: сарырга (sarırga)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (saru-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (saru-)

Proto-Common Turkic: *sarla-

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (sarlāmāk)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (sarla-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (sarla-)

Considering *sarla- potentially from *sar + *-u


sȫk-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: söymək

Ottoman Turkish:

Gagauz: süümää

Turkish: sövmek

Turkmen: sȫgmek

Karluk:

Karakhanid: سُوكْماكْ (sȫkmēk)

Chagatai:

Uyghur: [script needed] (sökmek)

Uzbek: so‘kmoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: һүгеү (hügew)

Tatar: сүгеү (sügew)

West Kipchak:

Karaim: [script needed] (sök-)

Kumyk: [script needed] (sök-)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Karakalpak: [script needed] (sökiw)

Kazakh: сөгу (sögu)

Nogai: [script needed] (sök-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: сөгүү (sögüü)

Southern Altai: [script needed] (sök-)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (sök-)

North Siberian:

Dolgan: [script needed] (üök-)

Yakut: үөх (üöq)

South Siberian:

Yenisei:

Shor: [script needed] (sök-)

Khakas: [script needed] (sök-)


seč-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: seçmək

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: seçmek

Gagauz: seçmek

Turkmen: seçmek

Kypchak:

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: чечүү (cecüü)

Southern Altai: чечер (čečer)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (sečmēk)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (seč-)

Potentially an alternate form of *seĺ- (“to untie”).

(Common Turkic, transitive) to select, choose


bus-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: pusmaq

Ottoman Turkish: پوصمق (pusmak)

Turkish: pusmak

Turkmen: busmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (busmāk)

Uzbek: pismoq

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: боҫоу (bośow)

Tatar: посу (posu)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bus-)

(Common Turkic, intransitive) to hide, to lay in ambush


üdre-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish: اُورَمَكْ (ürämäk)

Azerbaijani: ürəmək

Ottoman Turkish: اورهمك (üremek)

Turkish: üremek

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (üdrēmēk)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (üdre-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (üdre-)

Likely from *üdür + *-e from *üd- whence also *üdig (“sexual desire”).

(Common Turkic, intransitive) to reproduce, to increase


kān-

Oghur:

→? Mongolian: ханах (xanax)

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: qanmaq

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: kanmak

Turkmen: gānmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (kan-)

Uyghur: [script needed] (kan-)

Uzbek: konmok

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: [script needed] (qan-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: [script needed] (qan-)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: [script needed] (kan-)

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kan-)

South Siberian:

Sayan Turkic:

Tuvan: [script needed] (xan-)

(Common Turkic, intransitive) to be satisfied


tāp-

Kipchak:

North Kipchak:

Bashkir: [script needed] (tapa-)

Tatar: [script needed] (tapa-) (dial.)

South Kipchak:

Kazakh: тапау (tapau)

Proto-Common Turkic: *tāpyra-

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

lb

Azerbaijani: dabrımağ (“to run fast”) (Dialect, Əli Bayramlı, İmişli, Kürdəmir, Qazax, Saatlı, Sabirabad, Salyan, Şamaxı)

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: dabramak (“to run fast”) (Dialect, Denizli, Muğla)

Turkmen: dābyramak (“to ride, stamp”)

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (tabrımaq)


tabra-

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: davranmaq

Ottoman Turkish: طاورانمق (davranmak)

Turkish: davranmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: [script needed] (tavramaq)

Siberian:

Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tavra-)

South Siberian:

Khakas: [script needed] (dabıra-)


yuldura-

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: yıldıramak

Turkmen: ýyldyramak

Kipchak:

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Kazakh: жылтырау (jyltyrau)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: жылтыроо (jıltıroo)

Southern Altai: јылтыраар (ǰïltïraar)


agtar-

Proto-Common Turkic:
** Proto-Oghuz:
*** West Oghuz:
**** Old Anatolian Turkish:
***** Azerbaijani: axtarmaq
*** East Oghuz:
**** Salar: aqdar
**** Turkmen: agtarmak
** Karluk:
*** Uzbek: axtarmoq (“to search”)
** Kipchak:
*** South Kipchak:
**** Kazakh: ақтару (aqtaru)

Unrelated to *āgtar- (“to turn upside down; to plough”).


kara-

Oghuz:

desc

Old Anatolian Turkish: قرمق (qaramaq), قرامق (qaramaq), قارامق (qaramaq)

Ottoman Turkish: قرامق (karamak)

Turkish: (dialectal) karamak

Turkmen: garamak

Kipchak:

Kipchak-Bulgar:

Bashkir: ҡарау (qaraw)

Kipchak-Cuman:

Crimean Tatar: qaramaq

Kumyk:

Kipchak-Nogai:

Kazakh: қарау (qarau)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: кароо (karoo)

Southern Altai: караар (karaar)

Karluk:

desctree

Chagatai: قاراماق (qaramaq)
Uyghur: قاراماق (qaramaq)
Uzbek: qaramoq

Compare Proto-Mongolic *kara- (“to see”), Mongolian харах (xarax). The absence of this word in older languages and its unusual structure suggest that it was borrowed from Mongolic during the Medieval era.


yāń-

→ Proto-Mongolic: *nayï- (“to shake”)

Arghu:

Khalaj: yâmaq

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: yaymaq (dial.)

desc

Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (yaymaq)

Turkish: yaymak (dial.)

Turkmen: ýāýmak

Karluk:

Karakhanid: يَيْماقْ (yaymāq)

Siberian:

Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰪 (yań-), 𐰖𐰖 (yay-)

North Siberian:

Yakut: сайыс (sayıs)

South Siberian:

Tuvan: чаяр (çayar)

⇒ Proto-Turkic: *yańka-

Oghuz:

Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: yaxalamaq

Ottoman Turkish:

Turkish: yıkamak

Salar: yıqağusı (“to rinse”)

Turkmen: ýaýkalamak

Karluk:

Chagatai:

Uyghur: [script needed] (yayqa-) (dial.)

Kipchak:

West Kipchak:

Karaim: [script needed] (yayqa-)

South Kipchak:

Caspian:

Kazakh: жайқалу (jaiqalu)

Nogai: [script needed] (yayqal-)

Kyrgyz-Kipchak:

Kyrgyz: жайкоо (jaykoo)

Southern Altai: [script needed] (d́ajqa-)

Siberian:

Old Turkic:

Old Kirghiz:

Khakas: [script needed] (čajxa-), [script needed] (najxal- (dial.))

South Siberian:

Tofa: [script needed] (ča'jha-)

Tuvan: [script needed] (ča'jɣa-)